The Sun.
London, England, 1844-11-12 00:00:00

RIO DE JANEIRO.

FALMOUTH, NOV. 10.—The Swedish barque Actif,
Captain Sjoberg, has arrived here to-day from Rio do
Janeiro, for orders, having sailed on the 16th Septent!)cr,
when the Exchange was 254 d. on London, 373 on Paris,
and 695 on llamburgh.
. _ _

Money Market.—Discounts continued free at seven
per cent., and capital was abundant. A large arhoint
of business had been done at 251, previous to the s:h of
September, but for the next week the ex. had been from
25-4- to 251 i ; subsequently it had fallen back to 25i,
and business dull, which was, doubtless, owing to the
detention of the packet Penguin ; but the reason was
not known.

Freights.—To Falmouth or Cowes, for ordrs, 60s. to
655.; to Antwerp and Constantinople, GO& to 655.; to
Hamburgh, 60s. •
Trade appeared to be reviving ; the transactions in
imports and exports were to a greater extent than had
lately taken place. The prices of Coffee, from superior
to second good, ranged from 295. to 225.

Ships of War in the Harbour.—British—The Alfred
and Crescent, and Penguin and Cockatrice packets.
American—The Congress. French—The Virginie.

FATAL ACCIDENT ON TILE RIVER THAMES.--
Yesterday evening an inquest was had before Mr.
Payne, at the Glazier's Arms, Water-lane, Blackfriars,
on the body of Thomas Baldwin, aged twenty-nine. It
appeared from the evidence, that the deceased was in

the employment of Mr. Hoppe, coal-merchant, Pig's
Wharf; Blackfriars, as coal-screener. On Saturday fore-
noon, about half-past eleven o'clock, he was at his occu-
pation on one of the barges, when he was direeted by
the foreman to go to a further barge, to see if there
were any small coal to screen. The deceased, instead
of going over some barges to it, jumped from the one
he was on to another, which was about four feet off; in
doing which his foot is supposed to have slipped, as ho
fell in the water. It was twenty minutes before be was
got out, though every exertion by drags and boat-hooks
was used, while also the Ariel steamer stopp'd her
wheels and afforded assistance. The body was then
taken to the Glaziers' Arms, but, from the length of
time it had been in the water, there were no hopes.
Mr. Smith, the landlord, stated that his daughter, who
was the only one of the family at home, upon hearing
of the occurrence, got a bed ready, and sent to the me-
dical officer of the parish, who was not at home. Mr.
Francis Hutchinson, surgeon, Farringdon-street, stated
that, upon receiving information, he proceeded to the
Glaziers' Arms, when the usual means of restoration
were resorted to, but without effect. On this occasion
a warm bath was used for the first time, the water for
which was supplied from the Tines' newspaper steam-
engine, and which was sufficiently abundant for the
purpose. The bath was the gift of Mr. Fowler, plumber,
Dorset-street. The witness applied to the Royal Humane
Society for one, but they objected, on the ground that it
would cause a large additional demand upon their fe:nds;
as if they gave it to one house, they would have 'to give
it to many others. He was about to proem t,ne, when
the offer was made by the above individ:aal. It was
stated in the course of the investigation tnat, owing to
the reckless speed of steam-boats, the !ivies of the men
employed at the coal wharfs were in constant danger.
Verdict, " Accidental death." The jury contributed a
sum of money for the widow, who lives at No. 3,
Chapel-place, Cromer-street, St. Pancras, and who had
an infant in her arms.

QUEEN'S COLLEGE, BIRMINGIIAM.—In connexien
with this college, which has already been productive
of so much benefit to medical students, an elegant chapel
has been erected,. which will be consecrated by the Lord
Bishop of Worcester on Friday next, the 15th inst.
There is a report in musical circles that Tamburini
is to form a part of the company at her Majesty's Theatre
the ensuing season. Fornasari up to last ue,.k was not
engaged at that establishment.

Si'- W. NoTT.—We are most happy in being able
to announce that the health of our gallant townsman.
Sir W. Nott, has so far improved, as to allow of his being
out again. He has twice this week taken a carriage
airing.— Carmarthen Journal.

DISCOVERY OF HIDDEN TREASURE AT ABER-
FELDY.—WhiIst the workmen engaged in repairing the
dykes round Calwood, near Coshieville, were so em-
ployed last week, one of them accidentally came on an
earthen jar in the old dyke, filled with money. This is
supposed to be one of those treasures n hich Donuch
Mbor am Phiabhur—" Muckle Duncan the Piper "—a
harmless character who used to travel through the high-
lands, was known to have deposited in many places.
Duncan was in the habit of receiving alms from high and
low, and then hiding them, and forgetting where he had
put them.—Scotsman,
MAYOR OF LIVERPOOL.----011 Saturday Mr. Alder-
man James Lawrence was unanimously elected Mayor
of Liverpool for the ensuing year, and at the same time
Mr. Shuttleworth was elected town clerk, with a salary
of 2,0001. a-year, and Mr. John Wright was elected
clerk of the peace, with a salary of 500/. a-year.
TEETOTALISM IN CARDIFF.—Among the isms
that have recently fallen into decay in Cardiff, the very
harmless one of teetotalism, it is to be regretted, must
be counted. It was not long since in a good state of
health, with plump florid cheeks—a fair round belly,
and had all the appearance of attaining a fine patriarchal
old age. The number of " drunk and disorderly" cases
before the magistrates for some months past it is to be
feared has sadly broken in on the ranks of the confra-
ternity of teetotallers, and would lead to the inference
that " pledges," like old china, are but brittle ware, and.
however ostentatiously exhibited, are made to be broken
at last. Two years ago the number of teetotallers in
this town exceeded 300 good men and true ; it is now
stated that the number is reduced to 100, thus getting
" small by degrees and beautifully less,"—Cardiff Ad-
vertiser.

THE DEANERY OR CARLISLE.—NO appointment
has yet been made to the Deanery of Carlisle, vacant by
the death of the Rev. Dr. Hodgson, although it is confi-
dently stated that the Rev. George Townsend, Preben-
dary of Durham, will be presented.
THE HAND-LOOM WEAvEus.—The following state-
ment may give some idea of the excessive toil and low
wages of which the hand-loom weavers complaint—Some
of the manufacturers of Wigan have been in the habit of
making check cuts, 67 yards long, 44 picks in the inch,
for which they paid the weaver ss. 6d. Out of this ho
had to pay 100. for winding. Thus he had to throw
his shuttles 106,128 times, at the rate of 1,105 times an
hour, for six days to the week of 16 hours to the day,
for the small remuneration of 4s. Deduct is. for
rent, 6d. for fire, and Gd. for tallow and candles, and then
you have his net weekly income for the support of his
family.—Halifax Guardian.

PILCUARDS.—HAYLE, Nov. 9.—Large quantities
of pilchards have been seen in the bay, but none of then'
have been taken. 11 large shoal came near the fishing
ground, but was disturbed by a smack working into thu
harbour, which, in the act of tacking, passed directly
over them, and they started off into deep water. It is
supposed that this shoal only consisted of several handy
vessels' cargoes.
A Worthing fishing-boat whilst engaged on Thurs•
day morning in hooking cod off that town, uas upset by
a heavy sea. There were three men in her, two of whom.
were saved by another boat, which, at a considerable
risk, put off to their assistance; but the other poor fellow
sank and was drowned.—Brighton Herald.
DESTRUCTION OF A BRIG BY FIRE.—A large
timber-laden brig went ashore on the Gunfleet sands, on
the Bth inst. Having thrown her deck load overboard it
was expected she would have been got off the next tide,
such unfortunately was not the case. On Sunday night
last the inhabitants of Harwich were alarmed by the ap-
pearance of a widely diffused yet vivid light, coming from
the sea way, and to all appearance in the direction of the
Gunfleet. Objects were seen as plainly as if it had been
moonlight, and the greatest anxiety was manifested to
know what was giving forth such an unusual glare. In-
formation was received yesterday at Harwich, stating
the before-named timber brig had caught fire, and had
burned to the water's edge. What she is we are unable
to say ; the cause of the fire is equally involved in mys-
tery ; report is busy, but in the absence of better infor-
mation we say nothing.—lpswich Express.
Our herring-boats off the North Foreland hare
done very well, having realised 400/. by the voyage.
This is now, however, drawing] to a close, as the dog-
fish, which always follow in the track of the herring,
are playing havock with the nets.—Brighton Herald.
The leading trades in this city (Exeter) have'-e.
solved to close, during November, December, net/ Ja-
nuary at seven o'clock ; February, March, and April at
eight o'clock ; May, June, and July at nine o'clock,—
Tires/ern Times.
About one o'clock on Thursday morning a cry
of fire was again heard in this town, and it was
soon ascertained that it was at Flerapton upon
some premises in the occupation of a Mr. Cooke, of
that place. A large barn, containing the wool of
five years' flocks, with a quantity of wheat and barley,
was Pet on fire, and damage done to the amount of
between 2,0001, and 3,0001, The barn was wholly
p plomf act ecrl,o
close
en
to
the consequencevrem premises.___
eosf...a pondw s
destroyed, with a very considerable quantity of the
wool, The property, we hear, was insured. There
w
PEASANTRY.--The
having nag good
dn
recentlysii
Herald.
IRISH
in keepingmost with
es e
eases
theirth the
clothingeabT cabins
theyCo otiiT
eaurF Aswhroert
c peasantry
hinel
y clad.
children have nothing but a mass of
rags attached to
their pers4ll%. I. speak in accordance with truth when
I say, that " there are MON hAs than whole cloth,' in
their garrnentst A great portion of their skin, in Al
parts of tneir persons, is exposed to wind and weather
and often most painfully so to the eye of those who
travel through the country. That they should .survive
an hour, when compelled to be in.the open air on a cold
winter's day, is one of those things which could not' be
' believed without evidence of so conclusive a kind as; to
render it impossible for any one to resist it.---Impres-
sions of Ireland and the Irish.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. THE DUTY OF GOVERNMENT TO
FROM THE EVENE.G PAPERS OF YESTERDAY. THE INDUSTRIOUS CLASSES.
GLOBE.—By means of the income-tax--which , (From the Sentinel.)
has produced nearly fifty per cent. more than he I The condition of the working-classes has now fairly
computed, added to a number of favourable contin- 1 and fully forced itself on the notice of the public.
gencies—Sir Robart Peel finds himself in possession Newspapers of every shade of politics acknowledge the
of a large surplus revenue. Under such circum- I prostrationreme of
measures
industry,h
howeverwhiwhich
they
mayto be differ
adopted. a s t
Poaching and incendiarism in the o
:tames, the cauntry has a right to ask and expect tn
e diaoughtrural districts, sucide
two things : —First—that the odious impost upon and prostitution in the metropolis, with the state of the
trade and profe slogs be removed at the expire- unions both in town and country, have begun to alarm
lion of the three years for which the tax was property, and the rich already despair of the conserve-
criginally imposed ; and that, if continued beyond tive efficacy of soldiers and police. Emigration, allot-
ti at time, in any form, it be confined to tangible, means, organic chemistry, free-trade, the confiscation of
ascertained property. Secondly—a total abolition, or church-lands, a reduction in the interest of the fund-
n aterial reduction, of duties which press most severely holder, and even the total repudiation of the public
en the trade and industry of the country. Of such debt, are among the various schemes propounded for
duties, there is one which is peculiarly impolitic and averting that direful catastrophe which allin dfeeeeldis.fast li--
oppressive. Perhaps there is no tax a reduction or re- pr o aocvheirn g.
our
itTheeadg politicalan davalanchegives sign
signs
'of a speedy fall,
moval of which would be more advantageous to the
itnhgreatenine• to sweep away the useful and the
cimmunity than the duty upon Policies of Insurance, useless, the good and the bad, the pa-
At the same time it might be effected without ulti- lace and the workhouse. There is not a class
mately occasioning any material loss of revenue. in society free from uneasiness, while the vast majority
The great comparative extent to which the business are thoroughly discontented, being convinced that any
of insurance is carried in Great Britain affords one of change could not work more evil to them than they now
the least equivocal tests of our superior progress in endure ; and when that feeling becomes the faith of the
civilization, and of the greatest diffusion amongst us millions, all the moral securities for order and govern-
ofea can then only sleep with
habits of providence and foresight. It appears,
ment are at end. W
from the official returns, that the gross duty received bolted doors and loaded pistolslth at his bedside.
on policies of insurance against fire in the United
W e believe that there is yet time to avert revolution
and secure the interests of all, and with that view we
Kingdom, in 1843, amounted, in round numbers, shall venture to propound a plan at once simple and
to one million sterling, independent of farming- efficacious, which will give fresh guarantees to every de-
Mock, which is exempt from duty. As the duty scription of legitimate property, and put an end to pau-
is three shillings per cent., the property insured, perism, poaching, incendiarism, and all the crimes and
subject to duty, was valsted at the immense sum of convulsions which follow in their train. All that we
nearly 667,000,0001. But, vast as this sum cer- take for granted is, that Government is bound to pro-
tainly is, it is still true that most buildings, with tect property, and to recognise labour as property.
their contents, are not insured at near their full Whence comes our present danger ? From the in-
value. Even in towns, many are not insured at all ; ability of employing our working population at remu-
and in the country the insurance of farm-buildings is nerati n g wagesthei
r;
labour,
aabnodu,r atshatthiesirto numbersthe i
rare annuallyt .
de r, ?,..1,
they
comparatively rare. It is difficult to imagine that
increasing,depreciated from year to, year. On say,th otherphraonp
this disinclination to insure can be owing to any cause who now possess the fixed capital of the country, find
ether than the exorbitance of the tax. It is especially that sort of property appreciated from year to year, since
the duty of governments to encourage habits of competition among producers must always tend to
forethought, and to contribute, by every means in cheapen produce, and cheapness is equivalent to an in-
their power to the protection of property, and to crease of wealth in the hands of those who consume, but
tfie mitigation of the disastrous effects of those do not produce. If no disturbing cause intervenes, this
casualties to which it is exposed. But it disparity between the two great classes, here indicated,
would appear as if Parliament, when it imposed must constantly become more and more unequal, till we
this tax, had thought that the less security there beholdt
andthem
extre edestitution. When tllu
broadly-defined contrast
pointsuper-
was s
for property and the more disastrous fires, nu '4'
and other calamitous visitations upon it, were ren-
reached, the war between iron and gold commences, and
to that point we are tending. In the moral, as well as
doped, the better! The practice of insurance has in the physical world, there are periods of destruction
grown up amongst us, not in consequence of encour- and restitution, and in both the catastrophe happens
agements by the Government, but in the teeth of when the component elements in their constitution cease
the most formidable obstructions. The duties im- to be conservatively balanced.
posed on it do not really seem to have been imposed The great error, not to use so harsh a term as wicked-
for the sake of revenue, but that the business might ness of our Government, has been, and still is, to legislate
be suppressed. The premium charged by the dif- for the vested interests of the rich, to the utter disregard
ferent offices on risks of ordinary hazard is, at of those of the poor. Statesmen have affixed far too
this moment, Is. fid. per cent.; while the duty is no limited a meanlinndgtothesyord " property ;" they have
pensions, iotnrusiessinee
less than 35., or 200 per cent. on the premium ; so
otheyand
that an individual insuring 1,0001. upon a house, a certain
i
nprtofio a
profits arisinbuildings,g out of f certain
have fortified by monopolies •, but, in their' wchufhes,
definition of
„shop, &c., pays the insurer 15s. to indemnify him property, they have never included labour. In reference
against his risk; and 30s. of duty to Government,with to the masses of the people, the business of statesman-
Is. on each policy, whatever may be the amount in- ship seems to have consisted, first, in excluding them
stared, for liberty to enter into such a transaction ! from all voice in making the laws ; secondly, in taxing
We hesitate not to say, that the existence of such a them on all articles of their consumption ; thirdly, in
ditty is disgraceful to the country. To enlarge. taxing them to pay a standing army and police when-
on its mischievoas influence is utterly unnecessary ever they dared to protest against misrule; and fourthly,
its operation in lessening and preventing insur- in depriving them of markets for their labour, in order
ances is universally felt and acknowledged. We that, by such deprivation, other kinds of prboperty,edbe-
. are supported by the authority of every one best able longingval
those who
to n make
non-producers
laws,
to form a sound conclusion on such a point, when we ue Iproduce marsestatesmanshipraised
has acted in a very different spirit. iVhenever their
express our conviction that the reduction of the duty vested interests have been infringed, compensation has
from as. to Is. per cent. would occasion such an been awarded to them ; thus the slave owners
extension of the business, that the loss of revenue that were compensated ; and the same rule has been
would take place in the first instance would, in a invariably applied to pensioners and sinecurists. But
very short time, cease to be considerable, or be alto- when a tariff has narrowed the labour market, and de-
gether replaced. But though this anticipation stroyed the vested interests of the working classes by
were not fully realised, would not the sacrifice of depreciating their property, no compensation whatever
100,0001. of annual revenue be compensated a hundred-
has been voted to them by Parliament. When bread
fold by the security afforded to two hundred
was made dear by law, and labour scarce, the Legisla-
ture separated a man from his wife for the crime of being
millions of capital ? We incline to think that Mr. hungry, after having put the loaf beyond his reach; and,
Goulburn himself would pause before he determined if he ventured to trespass on the vested interests of game
to resist a proposition for the reduction of this im- preserves, and seize a hare or partridge, then the Legis
politic duty. The extreme hazard to which property lature provided him a lodging in the county gaol, leaving
at sea is exposed, renders its insurance of peculiar his wife and children to the scant dietary, of the unions.
consequence to individuals and to the public. Yet Now, this truly infernal system must be fundamen-
the insurers of ships and cargoes, as well as of tally changed. Government must find labour for the
houses and the property they contain, are subjected unemployed. That is the remedy we propose. The
to very oppressive duties. All policies of marine in- details of the plan are not difficult. The Crown and
surance must be on stamped paper. Policies
waste lands would give occupation to hundreds of thou-
on vessels engaged in the foreign or colonial sands in
would inbringingtheminottroecusltureubirie harboursspad
spade husbandry;
wouldbandr
trade, may be as conveniently effected in llamburgh,
railroadsafford another engagefield for
others
industry.;l)b But how are these
Amsterdam, or New York, as in London ; and as men to be paid ? Let us first ask those who put
policies executed in these cities are either wholly the question, what they think of a Government who are
exempted from duties, or are subject to such so cruel as to tax its subjects, and so little skilful as not
as are nominal only, the duty imposed on them to be able to employ them ? Caa they honestly tax
in this country causes a large portion of that in- labour to pay the fundholders, for example, and not tax
surance business to be transacted on the Con- the fundholders to pay labour ? If statesmanship can
tinent, and in the United States. That such is only achieve such triumphs as these, let it be classed in
the case is known to every merchant. The insurance the category of swindling. We say it fearlessly,—a Go-
of vessels in the colonial and foreign trade is gra- v.ercnlamenttmeelfriitnsesounibveetresniotntowhaichtit,aelxnesfotrhethpeeiropllueioaunrd
dually, but certainly, leaving this country. The declares
Wh thellsaw would scarcely acloyw a man to keep a horse
duty is, in fact, driving a valuable branch of industry
and the
it, unlesi he fed the animal; and shall our Con-
from amongst us. Even though it had no such effect, stitution throw its shield over the brutes, and refuse pre-
it is clear that a tax on the security of property at sea tection to the sons and daughters of industry ?
is not one that ought to exist in am country, and, But the mode of payment is not difficult. Since we
least of all, in a commercial country like England. vote thirty millions annually to pay the fundliolder, let
IVe do, therefore, hope that Sir R. Peel will avail us vote half that sum to pay the unemployed poor, and
himself of the favourable condition of the public for that purpose issue Government notes, not. bearing
finances to repeal these duties. The country, so deeply interest, convertible into gold at its market price, and
interested in their removal, should, by deputations receiving the character of a legal tender, being an ac-
from the various ports of the kingdom, press the sub- quittance of taxes at the Exchequer.
jest on his consideration. The Right Hon. Baronet A single :
it would work. Suppose Govern-
the manner in which
example will serve to illustrate the plan and
will thus be prepared for having the subject brought
meet were to determine on constructing a railway from
before Parliament early in the approaching session ; London to York. It would invite all the unemployed
when we hope the removal of the tax on policies of to apply to the proper superintendents, every man re-
fire and marine insurance will form one of the items ceivit, a fixed weekly salary, at a minimum of wages,
of the new budget. which shall assume to be two shillings daily. Every
STANDARD.—A case of some importance was man who could not get work from private employers
argued in the Irish Rolls Court on Thursday last, would repair to the public work, and all able-bodied
which involved the question of whether or not a be- paupers would be sent to the stations on the line. The
quest in Ireland of money directed to be expended first step, then, in the process would be the abolition of
"in masses for the soul's sake " be valid. The Bill pauperism, and the emptying of the unions of all but
he aged the crie whose infirm' ties
.ent t
alleges that such a bequest is for " superstitious pur-
audio them
to a natonal asylum.d,
it ln the next place, would
poses, and therefore against the policy of the law."
raise wages, permanently, all over the country, in every
The facts of the case are these :—ln 1837 the Rev. trade and calling, since private capitalists could never
Mr. Kearns, a Roman Catholic priest, of Rath- lower wages below two shillings per diem, which we have
farnham, made a will, granting certain legacies ; di- assumed to be the minimum. Of course all prices
recting a life annuity to be paid to his sister out of would rise to the great benefit of the producing classes.
his property ; and further devising that any residue The wages paid at the various Government works
accruing after the death of the annuitant should be would be distributed in the purchase of all kinds of
" expended for masses for his soul's sake." The commodities, and increase the home trade. Those wages
will named two executors, the Rev. Mr. Dugienan would be paid in symbolic money, and being taken in
and Mr. Hodgens. Within five years of its date payment of taxes, would discharge Customs, Excise,
Stami s, and all other unposta annually due to the Go-
Mr. Kearns died without having revoked his
will, and the surviving, executor (Mr. Hodgens)
thatvt; rnnsi work , On whatever work the men were employed,
would form an addition to the real wealth of
having taken out letters of administration, paid
the nation when aompleted. If a line of railway, for in-
the several legacies, and continued to
the annuity up to 1840, when the annuitant pay stance, were constructed on this principle, it would be-
died, and he proceeded to dispose of the '° re come national property, and all would benefit by the
maining cheapness of transit, as it could be let to a company for
residue of the property" in accordance with the desire a term of years at a competition tender, such company
of the testator. Two parties, alleging to be next of merely farming the power of conveying goods and pas-
kin, have since disputed, not the general validity of sengers, the plant of the railway remaining in the
the instrument, the insufficiency of administration, or nation. Waste lands brought into culture under
the manner in which the effects of the deceased were this system could be let on perpetual leases at
administered up to the period of the demise of the corn rents, which rents might be annually applied
annuitant ; but the validity of that portion of the to the reduction of the national debt. New harbours
will which directs the " residue to be expended thus created would be free of dues, or at most no more
in masses" for the soul of the deceased ; alleging by duTeshre.esedatbee
tloevNivch,diethhaansil'Ouleldarkttiegothiesmliimn
limited forbids
their bill that the " bequest of the said residue so full an) exposition of the details of this system, as we
for masses for the sake of the soul of the said deem necessary—a defect which we shall supply in our
testator, was void and of ne effect, as being a gift next number. For the present we must be content with
for superstitious purposes, and, therefore,. contrary announcing the principle on which this remedial measure
to the policy of the law." Accordingly th y
seek to is based. We hold that a Government which levies taxes
recover the amount of this residue from the executor. on the working classes is bound to find employment for
The arguments of counsel on both sides have been the working classes, particularly such a Government as
o
heard, but the case still stands over for judgment. ours, which narrows the labour-market by deliberate
legislation, and thus prevents private capitalists from
The Freeman's Journal contends that, to refuse
to permit a Roman Catholic priest to practice the doe-
al...:iive, if restr ictios on trade were ring that employment which they might be able to
d. We
trine of his Church—the doctrine that it is " a holy Z:ontend that poacnhing incendiarisni, endabolish niene-tenths
and wholesome thought to pray for the dead," when of the offences committed' against property, are instigated
Preparing for death himself, would be a virtual by those various Acts of Parliament which deprive men
repeal of the Emancipation Act, which invested per- of food, lodging, and raiment, by depriving them of
Eons of that persuasion with the right of being as employment ; and consequently, that those who enact
superstitious as they pleased ; and that the reoog- such unjust laws are more deserving of incarceration
nition of such an ohitaele would be to prohibit di- than those who break them. Nay, more—we insist that
rectly the free exercise of the Roman Catholic reli- it would be more humane to legalise infanticide, than to
lion in Ireland, and render a new a g agitation for continue the laws which prevent fathers from earning
emancipation indispensable. The case was ably wherewithal to support their children, who are doomed
argued en both sides, and the question appeared to perisfh for want of a sufficiency of food. We deny the
Legislature to employ soldiers and police for
to be whether the law which has existed in WI trootetchteioLe property,lao; unless they also give an ade-
England since Ist of Edward IV., and which queatpe protectlionn to fat our ; and by "adequate protec-
was intended to restrain such bequests can be tion," we mean that the Government is bound to find
considered as applying with equal force to employment for every man able to work, but who fails
a country in which so large a majority of to find employment from private capitalists ; and we
its people are Roman Catholics. The question is hold this obligation the. more sacred in this country,
certainly a delicate one, but precedents for disre- where the working classes are taxed without being re-
garding such bequests in this country are numerous Presentsd
and unequivocal; and if the law of the land be ap
pealed to to establish the validity of Mr. Kearn s
will, why should not the supremacy of the Pope (a
formal doctrine of the Roman Catholic religion)
and the injunctions of Dr. Dens, be similarly vin-
dicated ?

• NOMINATION OF SIIEICIFFS.—A Privy Council Will
be held in the Court of Exchequer this afternoon,
when the nomination of gentlemen to serve the office of
sheriff in the different eounties of England will take
place.

lIER MAJESTY'S STAG HOUNDS.—The Royal pack
this year consists of 53 couple, 36 couple of which are old
and 17 young hoiinds—viz., 1 couple, 8 years old ; 1
couple, b years ; 2 couple, 5 years ; 7 couple, 4 years ;
9 couple, 3 years ; 16 couple, 2 years ; and 17 couple,
1 year old. Her Majesty's stag hounds in 1842, num-
bered 60 ; and in 1843, 52 couple. About 100 gentle-
men, including Lord Rosslyn, the master of the Royal
pack, were at the meet on Friday morning, at New
NVinkfield, where an untried deer was uncarted
between eleven and twelve o'clock, going away to Wink-
field Park, on nearly to the village. where it doubled to
the right on the left of Hawthorn-hill. Thence it made
for
near the residencear Church, and was taken at Pott-bridge
of Lady Malcolm, after a run, over a' country of nine miles generally heavy, of nearly an hour.
Na fixture has yet been made for the by-day on Wednes-
day next. The meet on Monday will be at the Stag and
Hounds, Binfield ; and on Friday, at Littleton, near
Staines.

ENGLISH AND IRISH WOMEN.—The Irish ladies
have always been celebrated for their beauty. They are
taller than those of England. I thought, when in
Brighton a short time ago, that a greater amount of
beauty, considering the number present, could not be
anywhere met with, provided the ladies were brought
accidentally together, than what I witnessed, evening
after evening, on the pier and parade of that place. I
will not say that among the same number of Irish ladies,
brought by chance together, you would see a greater
proportion of fine faces. The claims of the ladies in
the one country and the other are, in this re-peer, so
nicely balanced, that it would be difficult to say which of
the two countries carries.off the palm. But this, I am
sure, will be admitted by every unprejudiced Englishman
who has walked, on a fine afternoon in August, on the
promenade at Kingston Harbour, that he never, in any
part of England, saw, in an assemblage of women of the
same extent, an equal number of fine figures. There is,
too, in the carriage and manner of the better order of tho
Irish ladies generally, a marked superiority to the Eng-
lish women. There is comparatively little in Ireland of ,
that cold reserve and distant demeanour which strike
foreigners as so unfavourable a characteristic of our
English women. The Irish ladies have much of the ease,
gracefulness, and vivacity of the French, without any of
their exceptionable qualities. There is not in the world
a more modest race of women than the Irish ; a remark
which equally applies to all ranks and classes among
them.—lmpressions of Ireland and the Irish.
PEDESTUIANISM.—A man named Alabaster is now
engaged on Parker's-piece in attempting the arduous
task of walking 1,000 voiles and the same number of fur-
longs in 1,000 successive hours. Ile starts from the New
La.—Cambridge Independent.

The Russian Minister transacted business yesterday
at the Foreign-office.