The Sun.
London, England, 1868-12-31 00:00:00

infantry. It must not-be supposed, however, that
the purchase system was all against the poor officer.
While the wealthy man was shovellint, out his gold
to clear his way to the top, he dragged up his poor
juniors and weighted with-gold the pockets of im-
poverished seniors. He was either paying extrava-
gantly for a toy, or that he might attain to a position
which gave him a chance of distinction. Itused to be a
saying in the army that the best regiment for those
who could not purchase was one in which thooffi-
cers were rich, as the changes being more frequent he
attained with greater speed to the top of his grade,
and-although then frequently passed over he was
eligibl-, and secured the first vacancy in the higher
rank without purchase. These are the reasons
'why the system has so long been tolerated, and
seldom condemned by otficers, which the public
find it difficult to understand. Nor Las it, on
the- whole, been injurious to the State, as it
hastened promotion, often bringing young men into
high commands at no expense to the exchequer,
indeed a positive saving, as the Government
made the officers themselves furnish the retire-
ment for those entitled to pensions. Thus the pen-
sions were saved, and officers who had served. for
very many years in vile climates surrendered all
claim on the State without being compensated by
the State. The question is, What sort of man
does it send to the. top ? This is a mere chance,
with the odds in favour of the officer being qualified
for command. Generally those who urgently desire
to attain a post are qualified 'for that post, though
, frequently they are not, but experience has
proved that so long as 'they, chose to work and
did not tire of the" pursuit the system pushed
'forward fairly good officers. When most needed,
however, they were liable. to throw up the com-
mand, and it cannot be for the welfare of any
country that persons too independent should hold
positions under the State, which may require at times
very disagreeable service. The abolition of the
system involves a very heavy charge, the gross value
of-the commissions amounting to £7,126,030. But
the nation would not be called upon to pay that
sutri, as an officer could not expect at the same time
to retain his commission and receive back the regn-
latidn price h• had paid. As officers who had 'Jur-
Qhased desire to retire the nation might be the buyer,
and the system would thug gradually be abolished.
As the tendency is to reduce the army, leaving the
colonies to their own military resources, and retying
more on. the and Volunteers for the &fence
'of the' United lii It gdotn, this reform may be effected
without, throwing a great burden on the people, as
the army could at the same time be reduced.

Colonel liatnley criticises in the Times a pamphlet,
Vve have not seen, by General the [lon. Sir Edward Cust,
wherein an American general is addressed in our opinion
with good feeling, truth, and sense, The: following. pas-
sage does not recommend the pamphlet to Colonel Hamley,
nor in his opinion will it do'so to the British rea.ler :
" Let me assure you, my dear General; that htd I em-
ployed my pen on the great deeds of the warriors of the
19th contury, I should hate shared in all your pride for
the deeds of Grant, M'Clellan, Stone wall Jackson,
,Lee,
Itosenkrantz, and Sherman, with the sole regret that our
•Royal Military College, with which my youth has been so
largely connected, has never produced such fruit, as the
West Mut Academy. I blush to name that neither
Marlow, Wickham, Woolwich, nor Sandhurst, in their
most inglorious career of 70 years, has produced out of its
halls of study more than three notable students —Lord
Hardinge and the two liapiers." It is, however, unde-
niably tru', but a truth not difficult of explanation. All
the great Ameri ;an generals were educated at West Point,
with a very few exceptions, for it was there that all Arneri-
can officers were trained. But the most celebrated sol-
diers of the British army Were not educated at the Eng-
lish military colleges, for but a fraction of the officers were
educated there and in Saudliurst till of late years the
education was more general than professional, differiag
but little from that of any other great school. •

Mr. T. 1...!e, who is engaged upon a history of
the State and city of New York, and whose address iOat
the Westminster Hotel, desires to place himself in 'com-
munication with persons who may have any papers rela—
tive to his subject not obtainable horn public sources, or
other information 'of an ,exclusive character bearing upon
the same. Mr. Lee wishes to produce a hit,t,ry Which
shall be, so far as he cat nia,ke it such, complete frotrithe
earliesttimes, and which, in its thorOtighness of autho-
ritative detail, shall thus constitute a standard took of re-
ference.

General Pair and Commissioner l3ogg, who have
been to Salt Lake, have returned to St. Louis.

Mr. E. A. Pullard, the author of the Lost
. .
Cause," has been appinted to a clerkship in the New York
Custqni-h use.

The evilenees that So kern New Jersey is sink-
ing into the sea aro that tha tide malls lose an inch of
head every ten-years, in consequence of the rising of low-
water mark, and that the sea is perceptibly advancing
wards houses and other fixed onjec:s. Die grandfather
of Aaron Learning was buried in' 1.01 at Towubank, in a
graveyard a short distance inside of the town. In 1731
the graves were about fifty rods from the shore, and ruins
from the houses were apparent NOw.the graveyard has
been all wished away, and at dead low-ivater mark the
marks of three walls, remnants of the town built between
the shore and the graveyard, can be seen. Mr. Price,
surveyor in the vicinity, says his lines are shorter by 40
'or 50 rods than their Were in 1776.—San Francisco Mining
and Scientific Press.

The Printer;' 'Clamlar, Philadelphia, says five
daily pip(-rs are published at Kansas, Mobile. The Chi-
cago Journal prints 40,000-copies. There aro 50 children
publications in the United States.. • Thera are 50U news-
papf3rs •in the State of New York. One hundred new:-
papers and magazines tare published in Boston, Massa
chusetts. Le Prm;es is the names of -a new semi-weekly
paper published at San Fraucisco,n the Froich lan-
guage. The Salem (MaSsachusetts) :Gazette was: 100
years old on August 5 last. The Daily Witness, Montreal,
Canada, is the only r4igious daily in America. TherC are
more papers published in San Francisco, California, with
its 132,000 inhabitants;than in London with its 3,000,000
' The Chrhnicle and Sentinel, Augusta, Georgia, is
the oldest paper in the State, having been established in
1794; it.is issued daily and weekly. •

The following are thfi ceturus of sales of the daily
papers in Chicago for six months ending. SeptemberflOtb,
1868, as returned to the Assessor of Internal Revenue
Tribune, $161,486; Times, $101,551 ; Journal, $43,557;
Republican, $42,556 ; Post, $20,230 ; Staat Zeitung, $31:,406.
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