The Sun.
London, England, 1844-03-11 00:00:00

It an humbling lesson
th I Madness of any
44 It is not possible to give anything like an adequate idea of this,
sum assing fortress without the aid of the pencil and colours. The
cliffs upon which it stands is perfectly perpendicular, formed aPl*-
rent,. y, of sandstone, and it extends round the entire circuit of the
fortii led height. The defences, which, on the other aides, -though
olequ ate to their object, are dwindled into comparative insignifi-
cance by immediate contrast with the massive hill on which the?'
stall(/' are here of the noblest_ dimensions and the most graceful
ctrinbeing a long series of circular towers, closely, connected by
'4:
rtatl‘s of nearly similar height, and roofed in with small domes
of Irmo my ; the whole having, in addition to shot-holes, embra.
surel
e,„ c., an abundancepf glazed windows, betokening the dwelt-
ling t tional creatures; while the masonry itself is adorned with
glazaa tods, which, whatever their eilbct when recent, retain at
present o Illy those tints which become a venerable fabric, and that-
fabric of the Gothic style. The entire circuit of these defences
appemred to
ire
htheireeght, as i miles
s; their form an .oblong rectangle.
The summit of usual in the sand formation, is
nearly. flat. 'list'
height of the precipice is about 200 feet,
and
the hei.eht
from the foot of the precipice to the levil of the town
,bout
making a total height of about 400 feet.
"
In the steepest facq
of the cliff, at the north aspact and north-

tfee interior. One, in particular, eontains a
east angle, are seve.ral caves, probably communicating by subter-
ranean galleries with
giThgaiseseticcaiymesagme
aoyf
bPeares: N
yaeenatihe'n t to the but
are ex tsemely dangerous to the safety of the place, as a single
11-inch shell would, by exceke
ding within the cavity, in all proba
bility bring down the whole 0; tke north-east-angle, which is, evert -
now, overhanging the perpendleular. They appear, however, to
be intended as temples, rather than posts ofeibservation.
ie nee great facility of breaching, by means of mines, a fort thus
cons! "us ted, renders it, in the hands of most native states, a mere
bugbear is s the face of an enterprising enemy. TheJats, howerer
would rime e a gallant defence in the breach of suclt a lofty eml-
'once; and; in the hands of the English, famine alone, -or failure
in military supplies, could render it untenable ; for the extent
.is
too great to afford much fear ftom shells, and any imeginable
breach in that cliff, with a crowd oearmed Britons at the summit,
would be an awful ladder to renown. These are consideration
too much neglected by -ns in the present'. day. We find these
'torts yield to our -arms almost _without a struggle, and we
attribute to defect of construction ,what is really_ due to. the
cowardice of the besieged. It is. true that the plunging fire
,frOln their walls .Fs not much to be dreaded, and that, without
,trenches;- the operetion of mining may at once be commenced be..
neath she cliff; but, on the other hand, :the gagison ate exempt
from all molestation by the fire of the besiegers, except gin the
instances o: their shells,
.and 'would thus he, eniblisci to leterre
their strength ,unbr6ken for' thebreaik Upoll that bre not a
gun could be bNught to boar font behest:4 ( apd the neighbesiring
heights, all consideerably depressed 'be seteetes tht eevel. of 'theworks,
and it -no ineonside.eable distance frone- thenifteeeld lefford no po
sition team which an -effectual firs could be •mintainedekr front
. which a shot could he Toluene/ during illrassaull i, pile the,
11r each itself would in sir probability be a steep 'hill's e•eneum- '
bered with *melee fragments,' stifficientlerTfieult to's Mount,in
-thetabsetiee of olaimer, and ,-kairnest iteealt, ieethg..fate of a de-
ter#lined enemy, Who could not be reitdeefed inlntrenehing it. A. ' -
sap careled up suCh 'sleight woujekere a most artnoris and desperate,,•
unit' s' g, :end, unless some Means of nightly tecalade could eie......--
'd etiece:aris of theetkesiegers would be emilleiently hopie.er s- .
• We h. 'seen and felt whbt it is to sairmatrit a lofty *Hof \,, .. '
soft sand in 'she cafe of .13hustripre. whickis sister& m t•
comparison.„_ So-that if the- povernn:zentis desirous of -Pr ~.
a few strongholds in the country, which were no unwisepoliejtee
could Scarcely do beteer than retain such hill forts is Gwalior, er**,
they chance to fall innietshands. 'Of the city in Gwalior little need'
• be said. ' With every fatellity for buntline' at hand, itePoeeesses few
edifices that can attract the attehtion, and, for the ital of a large
state, is very far. below rae4jecrity in every res whethei...ire
regard the narrowness of its I.sXeits, the poverty ......, 4
• •
tauildings, or the almost entire Want of that a
ok, Inuji
traffic which characterises all impOrtant tenTes and , Blab
ita._.....
Government. Indeed, there is little tereptationlo theeeimpoitcx.
merchandise in a country so infested with open rot qty andWsk
every species of extortion, under the pica of custems, .
" The residency of Gwalior it eenowbuikilee, and sear:l ..eyAny .:',
sort of state has been kept up by the British representes it .1
has only been on the occasinh of a visit of ceremony (rem itre'l4ere '-'
vernor-General to the Maharaja that the place has ptesented any,
scenes of pomp. Sindis Xept up an army of semi-disciplined troops '
30,000 strong, officered hy Portuguese and Eurasian' gentlemen ;
but how this will stand alter the present chaos has been reducici to
order it is difficult to say."
i CHINA.., .. •
(From the Hong-Kong Register, Dee. I%) .
GLEANIYGS'FROM Ton PEKING GLZETTEB OF "fermi-age.
Yleroltv or THE IMpERIA.I. ARMS.—The Imperial arms have ob-
tained a decided advanOge over the mountaineers of Kokonor, Who •
for a lone while Most obstinately resisted the Chinese authorities!,
and at one time even 'threatened an invasion of the neighbouring
province Sseehuon. 'SeveleilMengul chiefs Who gave assistance tie
the regular Soldiers, land by their bravery and perseverance broke-
the isPirit.Of the rebels' .ire tet be promoted, ;and to receive all the
te. ee e ,
attic they took' Se a rewseswee t • • . ,
Elnutert Elie OT.—e.A. on
tribute bearer item Ave having appeared ,
the frontiers of Yutinatte,stated thatbeehad brought the customary
tributeof-hirmaster, due In his liege lord; the .great Emperor.
And since the letter konveyike !tie intelligence was couched in the
most submissive terms, the eiesikissY was received in the most gra-
,.,
cious manner.
The importation of saltpetre, accOris'.i to to an Imperilll decree,
instead of, as hitherto, being restricted, is to be encoutelged in all
the five ports, as it can be brought and sold ot
o government agents
at a far cheaper rate than it could be manufaetea:ed in China.
The annnal expenditure of the out-port y'arkerits (neat Caubul),
and an adjacent military station, was 64,850 mete, - .
Camphor (according to the decision of the Supttenti.:ndent of .
Customs at Amoy), if Air foreign exportation, has to pay a double,
duty by the native dealer as well as by the buyer.
Criminals sentenced to death for opium smoking are again to
be reported at the Imperial autumnal revision of ail cases* Of
capital punishment. . - , •
-
Two hostile classes 'in Chaoucheo district, tb the east of Can;
ton, having engaged in bloody feuds, the Provincial Judge has
been sent down with powers over life and death, to quell these -
disturbances.-Canton Report., , •
Muhchangah and others have submitted various proposals
made by Keying, which bear ',steitnv the subject of, eianeeting duties'. ,
And the -Privy. Council, as aft as the
.Board of Revenue, having
_taken them into confederation, end subrnitted them with their
opinions thereon thereon to the. Emperor, they are approved of and WO- ,

Our correspondents at Chtlltth writes us, under date Nov. .t 4„,
as follows :—There is KA much business doing here at preSent,
and prices for all desdiptioaS of goods arc low;.the market,
having been latterly well supplied. The following ships arc in out
harbour :—Eliza Sttwirt, Ellen Stewart, Ardaseer, Amazon,
Ternater Louisa, Zoe, Vixen, Soundrapovy, Anna Maria,
Swallow, Franklaod, Fortescue, and Poppy; also 11. M. ships
Cambrian, Pelican, and hfedusa steamer. The Wolf is stationed
at Shanghai, and the Pelican is to be stationed at Ningpo, when
the port is opened. The Plover and Young Hebe are surveying
between 'this and the Yarig-tze.Niang river. The weather is still
mild for the .season of the year, with occ•tsionally a showery day,
hut fires are still necessary. The natives, however, predict a severe
winter. .-The troops, and inhabitants generally are very healthy.
We had' races.last mopth, which afforded 'a.gpod deal of amuse-
menrfor 'a fyw days, and which, with an oceaSional rerforinance
by our =Alma corps dkamatique, serves to break the monotony
.of our life end to give us'sometbing to talk abObt, till smothered by
the all absbrbing event of the arrival of a AUK' and the probability
of her having an English mail on-board.

Along with this 1-senct you a copy of Captain Balfour's notifi.
cation up->n the opening of th4eport of Shanghai on the 17th inst.
The only ships which have as jet entered are the Island Queen,
Litherland,. Mazeppa, Louisa Campbell,- and 'the' Valparaiso:
(America). The barque-William the Fourth was seen entering
the 'river upon the 211th inst., direct from Manilla, Business is
reported as likely to go on favourabli, but:little yet is known, as
the port had only opencd two or thtee days at the date of our
last accounts from there.

NOTIFICATION.
CITY or Snaerenat, Nov. 14, 1843.—1 hereby notify to all
her Majesty's subjects that I have teipporarii,.established the
British consulate within the city of Shanghai, in a street situated
close to the walls, bet Ween the east and west gates. I solicit the
co-operation of all parties in: aiding me' to conduct the duties
entrusted to my charge. In communication with the intendent of
circuit and superintendent ofcustoms, the port of Shanghai is de.
I•elared open for trade an the 17th inst, and from which date all
the regulations relating thereto will be in force.
For the present the limits of the port of Shanghai are declared to
be within the lines formed by the point bearipg west and the bat-
tery on the 'right bank- at the mouth of the river below Woosung
bearing south-west,
The place of anchorage for loading and unloading within the
pert is as close over as possible to. the left bank at the 'bead of the:
tiver,..adjacent to a creels named the Woosung Row,, which, at
about the distance of three-quarters of a milebelow the walls of
Shanghai,discharges its waters into the Shanghai river; and when
the number of vessels may render it requisite, ships must ahellr
head and stern, leaving the navigation of the river clear, and the,
mouth Of the Woosung Row well open.
The tariff, •general regulations, and various preclamations•pro.
mulgated by his Excellency Six Henry Pottinger, Bart., and G.C.8.,
her Majesty's Plenipotentiary for conductiag the commercial inter.
course with China, must be strictly adhered to by myself, as well
as by those resorting to this port.
The intendent of circuit and superintendent of customs hat
established a Government banking establishment, or shroff shop, for
the receipt' of tonnage dues, and import and export duties, and
has fixed the office hi the street leading from the little east gate
of the city to the bank of the river ; the firm being held by six
• partners, named Yaoo Hang Yuen; Choo Hoshing, Maou Hangho,
Kwo Wanfung, Choo Huenjee, King Yuenke; any one of whom is
empowered to grant receipts for moneys paid on account of the
above purposes. Standard weights and measures are lodged in the
office of the consulate, and as all duties will be fixed and levied
according to these standards, Bkitish merchants are recommended to
giioanigei atthaent37g rl.k propriety-O7 endeavouring-nbring t came n
general use is submitted for consideration.

As thc different trades and professions at this place have different
weights and measures, and as done agree with the Government
standard fixed for the five ports, particular caution is essential in
all commercial transactions, to have the catty and covld, by which
the transaction is to be settled, well defined, and it will prevent
difficulties and loss, to be cautious in reposing confidence until the
characters and conduct of parties are better known.
Arrangements are in progress for selecting a suitable site for
dwelling and store-houses, for settling by assay the per tentage to
be paid .on silver coins, and to raiso the silver thereof to the
standard of fineness fixed for the payment of the duties; for estab-
.fishing a place for the Cestom.house, examinations of goods landed
and shipped off, and for appointing pilots, and adopting other
arrangements to facilitate the navigation in and out of the port.
Due intimation will be given on the completion of the measures
connected with any of the above named points, which must for the
present be considered as still unsettlod. _

Although it is desirable to adhere to the usual hours for the
transaction of business, yet it will be clearly understood that, when
necessary, the consulatewill be open to all persons, at all hours,
and any aid and information which can be afforded by the consular
establishment will, as a matter of duty, be willingly given on appli-
cation either by writing or personal communication.
(Signed) G. BALFOUR,
H. Al.'s Consul, Shanghai.

THE BEST PRIENDB OF THE TORIES.—We observe
that both League and Anti-League, meetings in London
have lately been broken in upon by the Chartists, and con•
verted into scenes of confusion and uproar—by way, we sup-
pose, of showing the superior toleration, liberality, and love
of discussion, of Chartist politicians, over every other 'section
of the community. This policy of the-Chartists is, how-
ever, no new policy. It has already . been tried before
in this country, when Toryism was in the ascen-
dant. In the times of Sidmouth and Castlereagh,
hired ruffians used to be sent into public meetings to in-
terrupt the proceedings, and convert them, if possible, into
scenes of turbulence and violence. By this means the mid-
dle classes were forced into the arms of the Government,
despotic though it was, as their. only protection from de-
struction. It is lamentable to reflect that the same policy
is now being pursued (we knew not exactly at Milk insti-
gation) by the men who put themselves forward as the readers
of the poular party. Whatever be the object, the terfilency oe;
the policy is now the same as formerly—it is to put down pub-
lie meetings, to neutralize the power of the popular party, to
disgust all thinking men with their intolerance and bigotry,
and greatly to strengthen the Tory Government, by causing
the middle Ad upper classes to fly to them for protection,
rather than be exposed to the tyranny and despotism of un-
tiiVeeprhoacvecedifntogshaetsiptautiboline imn
eseatyi-ni nggs
tpirliantetilpielevdiotenmtnagioidgude:s.po
during the last three or four years, have done more to '
damage the liberal cause and injure the liberties of the•
public, than a Tory Government could have done in twenty
years.—Leeds Times.

of the vanity of.outward appearance, an&
ambition that has not virtue for its aim.

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