The Sun.
London, England, 1868-06-13 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON SATURDAY EVE` ArING, JUNE 13, 1868.

THE SHIFTING OF POLITICAL POWER

It is not to be denied that the tendency
of modern Europe, for good or for evil, is
towards democracy. Power is passing out of
the hands of Kings into those of the people.
The era of the personal government of Kings
seems drawing to its close. The King is no
longer the head of his people, in the sense that
his royal word is a binding engagement, which
the nation he nominally governs accepts and
loyally executes. Such pledges, however just,
and however solemn, have no longer any bind-
ing force. The real power is in the will, not
of the people, but of a section of the people,
which arrogates to itself the title of the govern-
ing class, speaks in the name of the nation,
and pays little or no regard to the rights and
interests or to the religion of the people at
large. Such is the modern State. In almost
every country in Europe, it is the stronghold
of irreligious Liberalism, and the avowed and
deadly enemy of the Church. Kings, however
often they may have abused their prerogatives,
and refused to recognize that their authority
in the State was subordinate to the Spiritual
Power in all matters affecting directly or indi-
rectly the moral or religious interests of the
nation, were on the whole less inimical than
modern Parliaments. What is a so-called free
and constitutional State now-a-days in Europe,
but a State which is in the hands of the middle
and professional classes, a Government of the
bourgeoisie and of bureaucrats ? The Crown,
the Church, the territorial interests, and the
people, are set aside in favour of a class, the
most selfish, the most irreligious, and the
most degraded in the nation. This class is
the seat and stronghold of that impious Libe-
ralism which now dominates in Europe, and
is by its misdeeds, its arrogance, and its de-
fiance of law and justice, preparing the way
for a terrible social, and perhaps religious,
revolution. Lot us take Austria, in its actual
condition, as a signal illustration of the evils
of a modern State. Austria but lately was a
monarchy, strong in its ancient traditions, and
in the loyalty of its people, but shorn of its civil
and of its religious liberty by the absolutism of
its Kings. When the day of danger came,
in the Revolation of 1848—the prelude of
greater Revolutions yet to come—the monarch
sought safety for his throne by restoring to the
Church the liberty it had been deprived of for
so long a period by the worst of his predeces-
sors. But the remedy came too late—evil
had taken too. deep a root. The Monarchy
fell into disorace; the Emperor in his weakness
and timidity handed the Government over to
the noisiest, the most selfish, and the most
unprincipled section of his people—a class
which represents neither the interests nor the
rights of the vast majority of his people, which
has no regard for the traditions of royalty
no respect for religion or justice. The ques-
tion, then, at once suggests itself—why does
the vast majority of a nation tolerate the
government of a class inimical to the Crown,
to the Church, to the great landed interest,
and to the people ? The same question is
suggesting itself more or less in every coun-
try in Europe, and awaits a solution. On the
right solution of the tremendous question—
Why shouldthe many suffer?—depends the fate
of Europe. A false solution will but too surely
precipitate the impending social revolution.
Democracy is becoming every day more and
more conscious of its strength and of its
organization, and more impatient of its treat-
ment at the hands of a selfish and dominant
Liberalism. Taught, in place of the old sanc-
tions and restraints of religion, that sensual
enbujotbyaelikeleidtsinartehtehee aim and
xpeetationtshheerketwoaurds
out to
otfhliemfe:
and finding that toil, privations, and hunger
are the portion which chiefly falls to their lot,
the people are forming new combinations and
cherishing hopes of a short road to prosperity.
This is the secret of thp.t communistic move-
ment, which is now taking place in Germany,
in Austria, in Italy, and in France, and which
shows itself amongst ourselves in strikes and
trade unions.
There are three forces at the present moment
encountering one another in Europe—Liberal-
ism, Communism and Christianity. The Church
proscribed, plundered or persecuted wherever
Liberalism is dominant, sees, humanly speak-
ing, but two outlets for the salvation of Europe.
One is the displacement of Liberalism by a
Conservative reaction, leading to a restoration
of the Christian monarchy in union with the
Spiritual Power, and the other is a clean
sweeping away of the present seats of power by
a triumphant democracy. The Church is not
deluded by idle hopes, but in the presence of
a great danger is prepared for the worst. She
naturally sympathizes with the peoples be-
trayed by the false doctrines and visionary
hopes of material enjoyment which Liberalism
has everywhere inculcated, and labours to
lighten the unbroken and too often ill-requited
toil, and remove the almost intolerable priva-
tions which, in many parts of Europe, depress
and demoralize the working classes. The
Church, while entering into the views of the
people, is forward in cecking the spread of
Communistic principles, and in bringing men
back, when they have gone astray, to the
severe but salutary principles of Christian
patience and resignation. Liberalism has taken
offence at this action on the part of the Church,
and has uttered a cry of alarm and fear. It
sees its danger; for, no sooner are the Church
and the people brought together again in close
and Christian union, than the days of Liberalism
will be numbered. It cries aloud, especially in
Germany and in Austria, that out of hatred
to Liberalism the Church is conspiring with
Communism to bring about a shifting of politi-
cal power. But the Church, far from con-
spiring with evil, combats Liberalism on the
one hand and Communism on the other. It
is true that Christianity has a greater hold
on the masses of the people than on that par-
ticular class which in so-called Constitutional
States, such as Italy, Austria, Bavaria, Baden,
Belgium and Portugal—is exclusively in pos-
session of political power, and openly at war
with the rights and liberties of the Church.
It has a hold, too, on the masses in France, as
was attested in the popular movement which
compelled the Emperor Napoleon to go to the
aid of the Pope against the rampant Liberalism
of Italy. But Communism, with its visionary
dreams, its wild hopes, and its passionate hatred
of the middle and moneyed class, is also rapidly
spreading among the working classes, espe-
cially in France, Germany, and Italy. The
great material progress, and the spread of
knowledge, for whic our times are so con-
spicuous,. have placed within its reach means
of organization which its leaders do not fail
to make use of.
Between these two combatants the Church
takes its stand. It demands from those in
possession of political power and of the wealth
of the land, justice to the suffering, to the too
often half-starving classes—the right of the
labourer to labour, the right of all to live in

the land w`iere God has placed them. Chris-
tianity denounces those false principles of poli-
tical economy which are in conflict with the
higher principles of the Gospel, and which lead
to the isolation and to the separation of the
interests of those whom Christianity has made
brothers. But, while recognizing a just and
sufficient cause of grave complaint, and of re-
sistance on the part of- large numbers of the
working classes to the intolerable conditions
of life imposed upon defenceless labour by
capital, vested with innumerable rights and
exclusive privileges, Catholicism condemns
Communism in its turn as a rebellion against
the ordinances of God in constituting society.
It rebukes, moreover, the fierce impatience of
toil and of suffering, and the wild longing
for material enjoyments—for wealth, power,
and dominion—which has seized upon the
hearts of men, and which can only result
in the destruction of society. It desires the
reconciliation of classes and of interests—not
a social war, in which the last vestiges of law,
order, and religion will disappear from modern
society. But the danger is not likely to be
easily averted. Liberalism, by its example, by
its impious teachings, and by its anti-Christian

legislation, has done much to corrupt the hearts ;
and.weaken the faith of the people. So, if th
Church be too powerless to arrest the evil, + 4110
doom of the dominant classes is sealed. Thr,
Liberalism which is now in power in EaroT2e
already quails before its ruthless foe. Li'ae-
ralism, which has violated justice, religion , the
rights, social, political, and relig:.ous c f the
people, has respected as a rule th rig' ats of
property ; but the anti-social revol when
it comes, will be specially directed ap, uinst the
rights of property and against the c lass now
in power.—Westmenster Gazelle.

MISCELLANEOUS NEWS'.

(From the AnYo-American Timet )

By the Scotia we learn that Gene; -al Schofield
took up the post of Secretary of IVat on the Ist
June, General Stoneman being appoit ted by the
President his successor in the command of the First
Military District. The latter officer, on assuming
charge, issued an order continuing in. force all
orders at the time existing.

Those best acquainted with the really creditable
constitutions framed by the Southern C orrventions
will rejoice at the news yesterday receive d in Lon-
don by the Cable, dated Washington, Jig .ne 11
" The Senate passed to-day Mr. Steve as's Bill,
which was agreed to by the House of Rt-presenta-
fives on the 14th ult., and which provides for the
admission of North Carolina, South Oarolina,
Louisiana, Georgia, and Alabama to representation
in Congress, on the condition that the' constitutions
of those States shall never be so amended as to de-
prive of the suffrage those now eratitled to vote."
The further news by the Cunarder is to the effect
that the counsel both for and against Mr. Davis
recommend the further postponement of the trial
till October. A vote has passed the Senate by 37
to 11 thanking Mr. Stanton for his public services,
but 30 to 11 voted against tendering thanks to
Chief Justice Chase for his conduct during the
Impeachment Trial. That is, the 11. Democrats
voted in both instances in a body, and 7 of the Re-
publicans, who could not agree with the majority
in the second instance, did not vote at all, among
whom no doubt are several of the " recreants." A
resolution has bens intro ince d into the Senate ex-
cluding the Southern States from participation in
the Presidential election unless such States have
been admitted to the Union under the Reconstruc-
tion Act before the Presidential electors were
chosen.

The President 're-appointed Mr. Stanbery At-
torney-General, but the Senate, as we thinir. in
very bad taste, rejected the nomination. They
can scarcely anticipate moderation on the part of
Andrew Johnson when he is thus met at the com-
mencement of a new record.

Specie continues to flow across from America to
Europe in abundance. On Saturday the steamers-
carried from New York $925,000 ; on Wednesday
$975,000. On Thursday the City of Baltimore is
reported to have carried from New York on June
6 £430,000 in specie, but it is not improbable that
dollars may be meant ; and on Thursday $550,000
were remitted.

We regret to announce the death of ex-President
Buchanan, but the date of whose decease has not
been given by Mr. Reuter. The President has
ordered that the Executive Department be closed
and draped in mourning on the day of the funeral.
James Buchanan was elected to the Presidency, in
1857, with John C. Breckenridge on the same ticket,
and his term will ever be memorable as that which
inaugurated the Civil War.
A correspondent of the Pall Mall Gazette, writing
from Paris, speaks of a trial that commenced
there, which will be regarded, both in France
and England, with great interest, as it involves a
question of much importance in connection with the
American war. Ile says—" When the_ war broke
out France decl 'red its neutrality, but the Confe-
derates applied to a French company for ships,
which were duly constructed. The Government
prevented these vessels, which had been paid for,
from leaving port, and they were consequently sold
to Prussia. The United States now comes for-
ward and claims the sum of 2,830,090 francs,
which was paid to Messrs. Annan all CI., on the
ground that the money is national property. M.
Berryer is one of the lawyers retained by the Ame-
rican Government."

Gcn3ral Gillem has ordered the election on the
ratification of the new State Constitution in Mis-
sissippi to commence June 22, making the singular
provision that it is to "continue till complete I,"
which is likely to be a very indefinite time. The
order is accompanied by the usual directions guard-
ing against violeece, fraud, or the interference with
voters at the polls.—General Canby on Tuesday,
Miy 26, issued an order removing thirteen of the
eighteen aldermen of Charleston, and appointing
persons to fill the vacancies. Under the new or-
ganintion there will be seven negroes on the board.
The resolution forbidding the diplomatic corps of
the United States to wear Court costume as an in-
fringement of Republican simplicity is likely to be
repealed. The agitation of some newspapers, among
whom we are glad to be able to include ourselves,
backed a diplomatic condemnation, which has at-
tracted the attention of Congress, and the Senate
has now called for copies of the correspondence on
the subject between Mr. Seward and the Ministers.
We believe that this is the first step to rescinding
the resolution.

The Senate, on the 28th May, adopted a resolu-
tion offered by Mr. Morton, calling for copies of the
correspondence on the subject of the Alabama
Claims. It is not stated why this step has now
been taken.

It is curious to observe the revelations brought

to light by the Investigation Committee. Butler's
object was to fasten the crime of accepting bribes
on some of the Senators who voted for acquittal,
but he may succeed in damaging one or two Sena-
tors who voted for conviction. Nobody expected
anything to transpire against Secretary McCulloch,
btit the telegrams seized have revealed the fact that
the intentions of the Secretary to sell or to refrain

from selling gold have been fully known to the
speculators and the whisky ring at Washington,
and formed the basis of the operations of their con-
federates in New York. The idea was that the

Treasury would obtain the best price by availing
itself of what the Secretary considered the most
favourable opportunities to sell, and in giving the
Secretary the power of acting at discretion, the
Executive had the further power of exercising a
control over the gold gamblers, and breaking down
their formidable combinations against commerce.
It is not pleasant then for the community to learn
that what the Secretary intended to do was always
known to the ring days before he acted, by which
the profits went into their pockets to the damage of
the finances and of the trading
classes. Public at-
tention being directed to this, a fact has transpired
which is not favourable to the character of the
Secretary. Nearly all the sales of gold have been
made by one house, whose leading member is a re-
lative of the Secretary, and the commissions on the
last seven years' sales amounted to no less a sum
than $231,000.
Senator Pomeroy, of Kansas, whose conscien-
tiousness has been so strongly contrasted with the
depravity of his colleague, Senator Ross, is the only
man, as yet, whose name is brought into question
by the investigations of Butler's Committee. If
what has transpired-be correct (and it should be
borne in mind, that the committee has been framed
with the one object of bringing
home, if possible,
guilt to the Republican Senators who voted
for acquittal), the Republican Senator Pome-
roy, who voted for conviction, before making
up his mind, attempted to discover what he could
get for voting for acquittal, and on his inquiries
proving unsatisfactory beams convinced of Mr.
Johnson's guilt. That and the machinations of the
gold ring" appear to be Butler's discoveries, but
another bit of scandal has also resulted. Miss
Vinnie Ream, a sculptor, whose studio is a room in
the Capitol, was discussed as a conspirator in the
House. Mr. Bingham asserts that she induced Senator
Ross to vote for acquittal, and it transpired in the
debate that Mr. Julian, of Indiana, hal requested
her to use her influence to get Mr. Ross to vote for
conviction, and on her giving an indignant refusal
she was threatened with ruin. It appears that by
"der the Nan have beea lettered A 13 C,

and her letter is required for public purposes. Miss
Ream declares that not only will such expulsion
cause her great pecuniary loss, but destroy the hopes
she entertains front the production of a statue of
Lincoln, of which the wet plaster model is set up.in
the studio.

An instance how rumours are concocted and
widely circulated is given in the case of Mr. Hen-
derson, who is said to have been one of fourteen
Senators who dined with the Chief Justice when the
conspiracy was organized to defeat Impeachment and
Ben Wade to split the Republican party, to place
Mr. Chase at the head of the new one and run him
for the Presidency, and to inaugurate another Go-
vernment. Henderson declares he was the only
Senator at the table of the Chief Justice on that
day, that no communication passed between them
on the subject of a new party, nor a word about
Impeachment. lir. Reverdy Johnson commented in
the Senate on the fact that George Wilkes had written
from Washington, and published in his paper,
the Spirit the " false statement" that he (Johnson)
was one of this party. But the Spirit replies that
it had never introduced during the Impeachment
trial in any way the name ,of Reverdy Johnson.
Being compelled to do so by this personal attack,
it endeavours to make up for lost time. Reverdy
Johnson is, according to the Spirit, " the most con-
summate charlatan and humbug, in the whole Con-
gress, whose statement is deliberately false ;" and
after informing the public that the remaining por-
tions of the declarations were equally untrue, and
that Mr. Johnson " had told a deliberate falsehood,
which was a very bad thing for a man of his age to
do," the Spirit makes the following quotation, the
double-cutting power of which it is strange the
Spit it did not see :—" Men who indulge in such
slander should receive the reproof of all honourable
men, and should never be suffered to pollute the Se-
nate Chamber by their presence."
On the 27th May Senator Ross defended his vote
on the second, third, and eleventh Articles. He
alluded to his service in the cause of Abolition, of
his known repugnance to the President's policy,
but of his doubts of the President's guilt, the bene-
fit of which he determined to give his coun-
try ! There were certain Articles cn which, had
they been reached, he would have voted Guilty.
Referring to the infamous slanders, he de-
nounced those who joined the party as a lucra-
tive profession, as well as the attempts to
make a scapegoat of him for the blunders, weak-
nesses, and hates characterising Impeachment—
itself a stupendous blunder from beginning to end ;
and he conluded by moving for a committee to in-
vestigate the charges circulated by Butler and
others —a resolution which was adopted, a Senate
Committee being appointed for the purpose. The
Kansas Anthony, who at the head of " a thousand
men" shot a telegram at Mr. Ross, has replied to
the reply, by calling the Senator from Kansas " a
perjurer and a skunk." It is said that Senator
Fessenden was threatened with assassination, the
missive being written on a sheet of the Senate's
foolscap in the Senate Chamber.
At a caucus of Republican Senators, held May 28,
at Washington, six of the " recreants" took their
seats, Messrs. Fessenden and Trumbull being of
the number. Mr. Wade, the immaculate Senator,
who, as a judge, sternly cast his vote in the hope
that it might be all-powerful to depose Andrew
Johnson and instal himself in the President's chair,
could not sit in such company. Were not these
the men who, without any, inducement whatever,
acted the part of traitors to their party, and could he
and Zachariah Chandler condescend to discuss mat-
ters with such imbeciles? No ! they indignantly
rose, and, declaring that the recreants were not Re
publicans, stalked from the room. The caucus, like
the Chicago Convention, could not see the matter
in the " Wade" light, so they admitted the six, and
proceeded to business, notwithstanding the absence
of the indignant Senators. it is surprising that
"honest Ben" does not see how little becoming to him-
self his extreme partizanship in such a case is. He
.is like Sir William Mansfield on the Jervis court-
martial, who never perceived that he was not a fair
judge in his own case, where his feelings or his in-
terests were deeply concerned. Had the Wade
clique prevailed, they would have destroyed the
Republican party.
Au unusual amount of energy has lately been
infused into the attempts to check whisky and other
internal revenue frauds. The distiller Devlin had
no sooner been convicted than another greater
culprit still was brought to the bar of the same
court. Theephilus C. Callicott, the Brooklyn col-
lector of internal revenue, was found guilty of
frauds on the Treasury. The case is remarkable,
inasmuch as Mr. Callicott is well known, and was
highly esteemed in public and political life iu New
York, and his character till then was held to be above
suspicion. He was once Speaker of the New York
Assembly. The Treasury employed him to execute
several important commissions in the Southern
States after the close of the war, and every duty
he discharged with fidelity and credit. To the last
moment his friends maintained that he was made
the scapegoat for the sins of others.
Senator Edmunds has proposed that the thanks
of the Senate be tendered to Stanton, and the votes
of Trumbull, Fessenden, and Henderson are looked
for with curiosity. The nomination of Schofield
was debated in the Chamber for some time, and it
was said that General Grant advised the confirma-
tion of the appointment. There is a legal difficulty
in the President's ad interim appointment of Gen.
Thomas in the way of a confirmation, and in the
words of the President's Message, which are vice
E. M. Stanton removed. To confirm a confirma-
tion so made would be to confess the President's
legal right of removal while the Senate was in
Session. Putting legal quibbles aside the Senate
confirmed the appointment, but qualified it with
the following resolution Whereas, the order
of the President removing Secretary Stanton from
office was unconstitutional and illegal ; but on ac-
cottnt of Mr. Stanton's having, on Tuesday, relin-
quished the said office, therefore—Resolved, that
the Senate do advise and consent to the appoint-
ment of General Schofield." Before this was se-
cured a strong pressure had been brought to bear
on Congress, the Republican party thinking the
selection so good, that it could only have been
extracted from Mr Johnson by the circumstances
wherein he was placed. It is even conjectured that
he repents, and would withdraw it were it not for
the notion that the nomination was intended to
affect the result of Impeachment. As Grant is
pretty certain to be elected President, and as he
favours Schofield's appointment, the difficulty which
that officer raised regarding the sacrifice of his po-
sition in the army would be removed, as the Secre-
taryship of iVar will be almostsure to be continued
to him by the incoming President.
Although the bowl of indignation and vitupera-
tion which greeted the seven Senators who took the
fatal plunge in Impeachment has somewhat sub-
sided, yet they are realizing what it is thus to fly in
the face of their party. Henderson has gone to
Missouri, probably to resign, by which he would
not lose much, as his term expires in 1869. Fes-
senden • has declared his intentinn to leave public
life. Senator Grimes has left for New York via
Fortress Monroe, a sea trip being recommended by
his physicians. After remaining in New York a
short time he will go to New Hampshire for the
hot weather, as it is supposed that the climate of
lowa will not agree with him at present. Senator
Ross of Kansas has been marked as reponaible for
the acquittal of the President. He had been counted
for conviction, and none were so surprised as the
Managers at the last moment when, he voted Not
Guilty. Of course he is said to be able to toll what
became of Woolley's W.),5,000. He and Fowler are
not prepared just now to go back to their States.
Fowler's case is said to be the worst, as he started
one of the most bitter of the President's enemies,
asserting that there could be n peace for the South
so long as Andrew Johnson remained in office, and
condemning the House for not impeaching him last
December. Van Winkle is a native of New York,
and if he hails from any place near Albany, we
know the atmosphere in which he has lived is not
conducive to the highest qualities of integrity.

The National Manufacturers' Convention met at•
Cleveland, 04io, on the 27th May, and appointed
the third Wednesday of December for the next
annual meeting to ba held in New York. Resolu-
tions were adopted declAring the necessity a MALI-

taining the association permanently ; commending
the action of the present Congress in regard to re-
trenchment and economy, and urging further efforts
in the same direction, by reduction .of the number
of officers and clerks in the army and navy to the
minimum standard ; advising inquiry as to' the
feasibility of transferring the Indian bureau to the
War Department; deprecating giving public posts
to politicians and partizans; approving Mr. Jenckes's
Civil Service Bill ; the action of Congress reducing
the taxes on manufactures, and hoping for entire'
relief from taxation of the useful industries ; re-
ferring to the importance of iron, steel, cotton, &c.,
in 1867, as increasing the national debt and de-
ferring of specie payments, and demanding ade-
quate protection for home industries ; indorsing
the national bank system, and declaring that it
should be continued and extended ; recommending
an issue of long three and sixty-five one-hundredths
gold bonds for funding the public debt, to be mule
the basis of banking under the national banking
law. The Convention adjourned till December.

Senator Henderson stated to the Missouri Com-
mittee of the House that Reverdy Johnson hal
told him if the President were acquitted a Cabinet
satisfactory to moderate Republicans would be
formed, and that he had made similar statements
to several Senators. It is now asserted that if any
changes are made they will be wholly in the inte-
rests of the DJmocrats. The most definite rumour
refers to the resignation of Postmaster-General
Randall, who intends to proceed to Florida, where
he hopes .to be elected to the United States Senate.
Mr. Seward desires to leave the State Department
as so often reported, when the treaties now under
consideration and questions of interest with Eng-
land have been settled. A ridiculous statement .has
obtained some currency that a move was being
made for the nomination of ex-Secretary Stanton
for the mission to London.

Though old " ad interim" has learned wisdom by
expdrience, his younger chief, Andy Johnson, if
report be true, has not. It is now intimated that
he is preparing a Veto of the Bill amending the
Charter of the City of Washington, which takes
from the Mayor the appointing power, and allows
coloured men to hold office. It is rumoured, too,
that, in celebration of his escape, Mr. Johnson is
about to prJclaim a universal amnesty to rebels.
But such a move will be heartily welcomed as well
by the Republican party as by the Democrats, as it is
the National wish. Lorenzo Thomas says that
" Mr. Stanton has not resigned in form, that he had
no right to leave the keys with General Townsend ;
that the chief clerk ought to take charge, and that
the whole thing is one of Stanton's tricks, and
he'll be d—d if he puts his foot in the trap.' "
The Senate has almost determined to punish
Colonel Forney for his strictures. on certain mem-
bers of the Court, in " my two papers, both daily,"
by accepting his resignation of the Secretaryship.
Senator Reverdy Johnson, after the acquittal of the
President, took the opportunity savagely to " pitch
into" the Colonel. Mr. Sumner submitted an order
accepting the resignation, and authorizing Mr.
Macdonald, the Chief Clerk, to act, ad interim, but
it was passed over. Ex-Governor Cresswell, of
Maryland, recently a Senator, is a favourite candi-
date for the place.

We have heard nothing lately of the steam man;
indeed, an invention of that sort forms but a nine
days' wonder in the multiplicity always calling for
attention in the United States. A late one is a
machine for setting up and distributing type by
electricity, the reporter doing the business for him-
self from the Capitol to the most distant city in the
Union. If the Iron Age be correct, we have as yet
but a faint idea of the use to be made of electricity.
That paper says that a novel engine, driven by
electricity, was exhibited before a large and intel-
ligent audience at the College of the city of New
York on Tuesday afternoon, May 19th. If the
electro-magnetic engine can be brought to do all its
inventor claims for it, the days of steam, as a mo-
tive power, are numbered.
The Times tells a story about General Ducroi
commanding the Strasbourg Division, who rode up
to the old bridge of boats at Kehi, which crosses
the Rhine, a German sentry being posted at one
side, and a French on the other, and after sneeringly
commenting upon the defences, to the annoyance
of the German by-standers, the party embarked in
boats and floated down the river past Huningen, sur-
veying the right bank with telescopes as if bent on
spying the nakedness of the land and mapping every
town and reach. Nothing excites in both Garman
and French more jealousy than any attempt to
inspect their fortifications. The limes says, " the
presence of 'sketching officers lurking about in
plain clothes in suspicious places, and evidently after
no good,' has already, in repeated instances, been
angrily remarked upon by the Press of both coun-
tries, as it turned out, with but little foundation on
either side. But now here is an attempt perpetrated
in full daylight by a well-known pilitary functionary
high in command—an unfriendly reconnaissance,
which, if it actually did no injury, could at least be
construed into an insult." It then proceeds to show
how erroneous the notion is that these fortresses are
of any real value, considering the hundreds of thou-
sands of combatants, armed with a murderous
variety of new-fangled weapons, and it instances
the case of Koaiggratz and Josephstadt, which were
of no avail to Austria after her great reverse at
Sadowa. Notwithstanding the warlike rumours
which have lately prevailed, our contemporary re-
mains unshaken in its belief that Napoleon means
peace, and that it is frum his lips that the words of
command must really come before France and Ger-
many can be plunged into war.
A grand banquet will be given to Cyrus W. Field
at Willis's Rooms on Wednesday, the Ist July. A
large number of the most distinguished in science,
as authors, orators, and statesmen will then meet to
do honour to an American to whom the Old and
New World mainly owe their connection by tele-
graph. The Duke of Argyle will preside. Mr.
John Bright, Mr, Charles Dickens, and—unless
prevented by unforeseen circumstances—Mr. Glad-
stone, will take part in the proceedings. The list
comprises too many names of note for us to parti-
cularise, but, as the feeling is general that England
owes a debt of gratitude to the untiring exertions of
Mr. Field through years of " protracted difficulty
and doubt," there is an earnest desire on the part
of the community to recognize this in some public
way.

The postal treaty between the North German
Confederation, Bavaria, Wurtemberg, and Baden
on the one hand and Switzerland on the other, was
finally discussed and agreed to at Berlin, June 5.
Last Monday the Paris correspondent's letter of
the Standard, dated June 5, contained the following para-
graph :—" His Excellency Lord Lyons, who is retrieving
the old reputation of England for hospitality in Paris by a
series of dinners, entertained on Wednesday, June 3, a
largo party, at which Anglo-American society was largely
represented. Among the guests were Miss Cushman,
Count and Countess Puliga, Mr., Mrs., and Miss Motley,
Major General Doyle, Mr. Sanson, Captain and Mrs. Hore,
the British Consul and Mrs. Falconer Atlee, and the other
attachés.

The chief officer and seven seamen who made
good their escape from the burning wreck of the American
ship Golden Age have arrived in Bombay. The captain
and others of the crew are yet missing.

- - - -
The engagement of Dldlle. Clara Louise Kellogg
with Mr. Mapleson terminated last Wednesday, when she
made her last appearance as Zerlins, in "Don Giovanni."
General Meade has delighted the citizens at
Atlanta with a magnificent party. The cards were issued
to both "rebel" and " Yankee."

The place of Senator Fowler upon the National
Republican Committee has been declared vacant, and filled
by Hon. Thomas G. Alvord, of New York.
Horace Greeley once tried to get a situation as
Now York correspondent for country newspapers, but

➢iadame Parepa and Carl Rosa started on the
Ist of June for a three months' tour in California.

Tile President has appointed a soa of John C.
Freeman to be midshipman in the Navy.

The aivices by the Scotia say the New York
papers publish intelligence from St. Domingo, stating that
it is rumoured General Salnave has been assassinated by
his own troops. General Superon, in the interest of
Cabral, with 3,000 men, had headed a revolt at St. Domingo
against General Baez.

A. D. Richardson says of Grant, in his life, soon
to bo published, " He is the most undramatic of men.
Scott was nicknamed by his enemies Fuss and Feathers.'
Grant has loss fuss and fewer leathers than any man of his
day."

Senator M'Creery, of K:mtucky, ma.i3 hip first

set speech on the Arkansas Bill. It was in the highly
adorned style of the West, which was all the more con-
spicuous from the tone in which it was delivered, never
varying, being rapidly uttered in a monotonous key by an
orator whose action may bo guessed, his hands being the
whole time in his pockets.

Speaker Colfax is only sixteen years younger than
his mother.

Lieutenant-Colonel J. Madison Cutts, who was
dismissed the service during the war for peeping into a
lady's room at the Burnett House, Cincinnati, while she
was undressing, but who was subsequently restored
through the influence of his friends, has just been tried by
court-martial a second time, and dismissed the service for
drunkenness on duty and general disgraceful conduct at
his camp in Louisiana.

Among the distinguished Americans who have
arrived, or who are about to visit our shores, is Mr.
Leonard W. Jerome, to whom New Yorkers owe the estab-
lishment of Jerome Park, and who takes so conspicuous a
place in American sports, both on the water and in the
racing field. The poet Longfellow has also arrived—
whose pooms are familiar ia England as "Household
Words."

Wilkes's Spirit says :—" Now, as the several
States have appointed a Fisheries Commission, in urd .r
to assist in an interchange of views, I have the pleasure
of giving their names, residences, and fields of operation :
—Commissioners for Maine—Charles G. Atkins, Augusta;
N. W. Foster, East Machias. Commissioners for New
Hampshire—Hon. W. A. Bellows, Concord ; W. A. San-
barn, Weirs. Commissioners for Vermont- Professor A.
D. Hagar, Proctorsville ; Hon. Charles Barrett, Grafton.
Commissioners for Massachusetts—A. R. Field, Greenfield;
Theo. Lyman, Brookline. Commissioners for Connecticut
—H. Woodward, Middletown; J. Rankin, Old Saybrook.
Commissioners for New York—Seth Green, Mumford,
Monroe County ; R. B. Roosevelt, New York ; Ex-Gover-
nor H. R. Seymour, Albany. It is the especial duty of
members of the Fisheries Commission of each State to pro-
tect the fisheries and increase their productiveness -Ist,
By visiting the waters of their respective States to ascer-
tain what may bo done to enhance their fish value; 2d,
To teach fish culture ; 3d, To bring suits for infractions of
the game laws; 4th, To report their experiences to the
Legislature, and suggest improvements, with their ap-
proximate cost."

It is rumoured in America that in July Lord
Mayo will succeed Lord Monck as Governor-General of
the Dominion. The three bills reserved by Lord Monck,
when the Parliament was prorogued, for her MAjosty's
signature, ware the Extradition Treaty between Canada
and the United States, the Divorce Bill, and that fixing
the Governor-General's salary.

The Massachusetts Senate has not only parsed
the bill appropriating $75,000 to Professor Agassiz's
Museum, but, moved by a strong spirit of scientific in-
quiry, voted, on the motion of Mr. Bowerman, a similar,
though unsolicit3d, contribution to William's College.

The United States Senate, on Thursday, May
28, confirmed the following nominations :—A. Huggan,
Attorney for Idaho; Homer G. Plants, Attorney fur the
Southern District of Florida ; W. W. Thatcher, Assessor
of Internal Revenue for Eighth District of Tennessee; A.
IC. Osborne, Collector of Internal Revenue for the Fifth
District of Wisconsin ;.Franklin Haven, jun., Assistant
Treasuer at Boston, in place of T. Chandler, whose com-
mission has expired. The Senate rejected the following
nominations —Joel B. 31'Comant, Assessor of Internal
Revenue fur, the Tenth District of Pennsylvania ; Jam 3s
B. Hubbell, Collector of Internal Revenue for Montana ;
Solomon P. M'Curdy, Associate Justice of the Supreme
Court of Utah, and Lieut. Frank Burr as Captain in the
Reveue Service.

Lord Elcho has had the misfortune to be at-
tacked by the Spectator, and the still greater misfortune to
have been defended by the Standard. Whenever "Betsy"
wants to point a moral or adorn a tale, she casts her eyes on
America. T heSpectator is acting towards Lord Elcho as Thad.
Stevens and Horace Greeley towards the few Republican
Senators who could not agree with them, " that the sanc-
tity of an oath is absurd cant—that is, rattening them, and
turning them out of the party"—so says "Betsy," who is
only worth quoting from the peculiar light in which she
sees through her spectaclea. Wo wonder whether the
object she describes is the object we see, or some-
thing else. " That house," says "Betsy," is built in
a bog ; what folly to erect tho building on such
a foundation." "Why, Betsy," we reply, "that house is
on the upland of a well-drained park, what batter spot
could be found for the structure 2" "It is not," screams
Betsy. "I see the quagmire all round. This is the spot
for a house." "But, Betsy, that is a bog, aad to get a
foundation you must travel through a heap of dirt." The
astonishment is that the old thing should be the spokes-
woman of so large an English crowd, and it only shows
what a heap of old women there are is the island of all
ages and sexes. Betsy's little fling at the United States
Senate might well be passed in contempt if it wo re not
that she speaks the sentiments of this numerous body.

The Iron Age says :—" The Ramie fibre is be-
ginning to become an article of commerce in New Orleans;
and ono merchant of that city has received orders for it
from New York, aad offers double the market rate of
cotton for all he can obtain. A demand for the fibre is
also springing up in the West, but no definite orders for it
from that section have yet been received at New Orleans.
Regarding the merits of Ramie, it is said that it is as good
as firm, cambric, or silk, and when it comes into use the
wearer will find that the 'chief difficulty will be that it
will not wear out when the fashiOn changes, an he will
hate to throw it away, when, after a couple of years' wear,
it is still as good as new."

Of the working force in the Colt armoury at
Hartford, Connecticut, 400 hands are constantly at work
on the 30,000 Berdan rifles ordered by the Russian Govern-
ment.

The Pull-Mall Gazette recently stated that an
emigrant who tried Canada would never dream of crossing
the border into the United States. Confounding in a heap
the Eastern and Western States, it asserted that the bad
spirit in which the new-comers were mot by the working
classes in the Republic was in striking contrast to the wel-
come extended to them in the Dominion. Can the Pall-
Mall explain how it came to pass that three hundred and
fifty young Canadians passed through Montreal on Thurs-
day, 7th May, on their way to the States to find employ-
ment and homes?

IMPEACHMENT OF THE PRESS.—Tbe following
Republican journals sustain the Republican Senators who
voted against impeachment : —" New York Evening Post,"
"Chicago Tribune," "Cincinnati Commercial," " Provi-
dence Journal," "Springfield Republican," " Bridgeport
Standa-d." "Buffalo Advertiser," "Buffalo Express,
"Hartford Courant," "Baltimore American," " Pittsburq,
Commercial,"" Nashville Press," "New Haven Palladium,
" Toledo Commercial," " Milwaukie Sentinel," "Madison
Journal," " Troy Whig," " Cincinnati Times," "Boston Ad-
vertiser," " Cleveland Times," "Sagmen's Journal," "Pitts-,
burg Chronicle," " Boston Journal," "New Haven Journal,'
"New Bedford Mercury," "Warren Mail," " Lyons
Mirror," " Now York Nation:" In view of this array of
journals, Forney's " Press" and Greeley's " Tribune" at-
tempt to read out from the report and party all the above-
named journals as well as the Senators who voted against
impeachment. How very ridiculous.

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Elizabeth Jacobs, of Nazing Vicarage, Waltham Cross, Her'''
of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits,
and nervous fancies Important Caution.—Beware of the nisei
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In tins at Is. lid.; 1 lb., 2s 9d.; 2 lbs., 4s. ; 5 Tbs. 117
12 lbs., 225.; 24 lbs., 40s.—BARRY Du BARRY and Co., NO.
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Births.

CHOLMONDELEY— On the 10th inst., at Abbot's Moss, Chr
shire, the Hon. Mrs. eholmondeley, of a daughter.
EGERTON—On the 11th inst., the Hon. Mrs. Egerton, a 6

EOM
NEWTON—On the 10th inst., at Trotton House, Susses'
the wife of Lieut.-Colonel Horace Newton, Royal Sore"
Artillery, of a son.

Marriages.
SPRULES—MANN—OII the 11th inst., at St. Stephoo'
Westbourne-park, Walter Sprules, of H.M.'s War Pe‘,i
partment, Woolwich, to Sarah 'Elizabeth, young'
daughter of W. F. Mann, Esq., of Bayswater.
&Trims—LOT—On the 11th inst., at St. Peter's Chureb 'l
Croydon, W. B. Stephens, of Throgmorton-street, an
Leo-road, Blackheath, to Mary' Loy, of Dingwall-TO'?
Croydon.