The Sun.
London, England, 1868-06-01 00:00:00

ROMAN AFFAIRS.

(From the Roman Correspondent of the Westminster tkzette)
ROME, May 23.
The Pope keeps his birthday with so little
ceremonial that I quite forgot to mention it last
week when it occurred (on the 13th) ; but he
entered his seventy-seventh year in unbroken
health. .

On the Ascension, he went according to
custom to St. John Lateran, where he assisted
at the High Mass, sung by Cardinal Patrizi,
who holds the title of Arch-priest of this church,
at the end of which, preceded in procession
by all the cardinals and dignitaries in attend-
ance, venerated the Heads of SS. Peter and
Paul preserved here. Afterwards he was borne
in the sedia, gestatoria to the Clementina Loggia,
and gave the. solemn blessing with a voice clear
and sonorous as ever. The crowd not only
filled the vast area in front of the basilica, but
spread over the esplanade leading to Sta. Croce.
The people cheered, and the cannon saluted as
usual.

He attended the funeral of Cardinal d'Andrea
on Tuesday at S. Giovanni de Forentini—when
I thought him looking remarkably well—and
pronounced the absolution. The ceremonies
were much as usual, the Sistine singers attend-
ing. The cardinalitial hat hung at the foot of
the coffin, but there was no scarlet berella on
the cushion. The attendance was not large.
The remains will be buried at S. Agnese fuor
la mura, which was one of the churches under

the Cardinal's patronage. As I returned from
it down the Via Giulia, I found a crowd at the
door of his residence, the Palazzo Sacchetti,
where a grosso was being distributed to all the
poor who presented themselves, as funeral
alms. There has been a post-mortem examina-
tion of the body, and the lungs were found to
be completely destroyed by consumption, and
the medical men present wondered how he
could have lived so long. The energy of his
character had, however, made him think him-
self stronger than he was, and having been
ordered to try the waters of Eaux Bonnes in
the Pyrenees, he had arranged to pay a visit
first to Sorrento, and that contrary to the phy-
sician's advice. The day before his death he
had taken his drive as usual, and had even
got down from the carriage and walked some
little distance. In the course of the evening
he felt faint and sent for his doctor, whose
apartment happened to be in the same palace.
He advised him to lie down, and as he did so
he said pleasantly, "sard cosi, the si muore."
(This is how we shall lie down for our last
sleep). And he never spoke again ! Of course,
you will see from this account of his end, that
there was no question of his being able to
receive the last Sacraments. He had had
an audience of the Holy Father on the Tues-
day, two days before he died, when they had
talked over his intended journey.
The Rogation Processions of the clergy are
on Monday from S. Adriano to Sta. Maria
Maggiore; on Tuesday, from Sta. Maria Nuova
in the Forum, to St. John Lateran ; and on
Wednesday, from S. Lorenzo in Damaso to
St. Peter's. The little orfalini in their white
cassocks go first'; then the Religious of the
Third Order of Penance in brown tunics and
blue cord ; next the discalced Augustinians
habited in black; then the Capuchins with
their flowing beards and brown habit ; then
the Jeronomites in brown ; the Minims of S.
Francis de Paula in black; the various branches
of Franciscans in their distinctive habiliments;
the Augustinians Carmelites, Servites, Domi-
nicans. Then ;he clergy of the fifty-four
parishes of Rome in cotta and stole; the col-
legiate clergy, and the Vicegerent in his episco-
pal dress, his carriage follows the procession,
which is preceded by three banners ; they sign
the Litanies as they go along. On the third
day the clergy thus assembled elect their
chamberlain, or prior, for the year in the Sac-
risty of St. Peter's. The Cardinal-Vicar gives
in a list of three names, from which one is
chosen by a majority of votes.
On Tuesday was kept the feast of Sta. Pu-
denziana and of S. Ivo, avvocato de' poveri,
who is regard
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Last Friday was St. Isidore's day, which is
kept by the guild of apTiculturists at the chapel
of the Irish Franciscans. On this occasion ears
of corn are mingled with the branches of sweet-
scented shrubs with which the churches of
Rome are strewn on festivals, to typify that
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raervte was
The prophets of war circulate a report
this week in evidence that the French Govern-
pates es
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provi delvhete hr
accommo-
dationfor 10,000 men. Whether the Govern-

ment here expects it or not, they do not relax
in strengthening the army. Following is a
translation of the circular letter which Cardi-
nal Barnabo, Prefect of the Sacred Congre-
gation of the Propaganda, addressed a few
days ago to the bishops of the United
States :
" The signal marks of filial devotion which
reach the oly Father from the faithful in all
parts of the world constrain him to desire direct
and public acknowledgment to be made from
time to time of the satisfaction afforded him
thereby. The bishops and the population of
North America have singular claim to this
token of regard, for at the moment when the
enemies of the Church have stretched forth
their hand to despoil the Vicar of Christ of
his temporal sovereignty and all authority over
Christian nations, they have come forward not
only to support the Holy See by their writ-
ings and their gifts, but also by offering their
own sons to enter the lists against the adver-
saries of the Church. The Holy Father, to
whom similar proposals are made from the
different countries of Europe, would accept
them willingly and with gratitude if the bare-
ness of the Pontifical Exchequer did not pre-
vent him. However, as the bishops of the
United States offer also the means to support
the contingent they propose to send, his Holi-
ness accepts what they propose as a token of
the Catholic charity and devotion of the clergy
and people of the United States. The Holy
Father, consequently, expressed his will on
the subject to the General-in-Chief of the army
at an audience of the 9th inst., and requested
him to draw up the programme for the orga-
nization of this new corps of volunteers, and
which I send you enclosed herein, praying
you at the same time to use your endeavours
that the men selected for the work be such as
are endowed with the piety of manners becom-
ing the defenders of Holy Church."
The corps is to be called the Battalion, of
American Volunteers. The men forming it are
to engage for three years, not to exceed a
thousand in number, and to be all Catholics.
Dr. William Al‘Closky, for seven years past
rector of the American College, is to be con-
secrated to-morrow at the Chapel of the Col-
lege, Bishop of Louisville, Kentucky.
do not know if attention has been- already
called to the fact, but two of the ladies who
had the chief hand in the marriage present to
Prince Humbert, which it was tried to make
out was a demonstration from " the ladies of
Rome," Duchessa Lanti and Contessa Garotti,
are both Americans and sisters. The adhesion
of the Doria-family may be justified by the re-
lationship existing between it and that of Victor
Emmanuel, but neither can this Princess re-
present the ladies of Rome, as she is half
Eng-
lish.

A solemn iriduo was commenced at the
Minerva yesterday in honour of the Dominican
contingent to the martyrs of Gorcum canonized

last year. The Dominican martyrs of Japan,
pronounced saints at the previous canonization,
are commemorated at the same time. The
celebration of the Feast of Our Lady, under her
title of Auxilium Cliristianorum, observed here
from the 22nd to the 24th May, in memory
of the return of Pius VII. to Rome in 1814,
after his five years' captivity, is deferred at the
Minerva in consequence. All the windows in
the Piazza are festively draped, and the façade
of the church is adorned by an illuminated
painting. The decorations of the interior con-
sist entirely in a profusion of chandeliers and
a handsome banner, illustrating the acts of
the saints commemorated, between each pillar.

Mgr. Stonor celebrates her Majesty's birth-
day by a dinner at Spiliman's to-morrow, at
which the principal English Zouaves are in-
vited.

I have just received a letter from the north
of France, giving a gratifying account of the
way in which Lieutenant Guillemin's obsequies
were celebrated. The remains were first taken
to Paris, where a solemn office was held at S.
Sulpice. They were afterwards removed to
Aire, in the department of Pas de Calais, and
the service there attracted deputations from
almost every town and village within many
miles, the people pressing round the cata-
falque and kissing with devotion every object
connected with the proud defender of the
Holy See.

DEFEAT OF THE EXTREME RADE,' ALS.

--.►--

(From the Anglo-American Times.)

The furious onslaught of the War-Horse party is
likely to produce an effect little intended. The
unbridled violence with which they have rushed at
the Republican Justice who presided in the Court,
the Republican counsel who defended the PRESI-
DENT, the Republican Senators who had the pre-
sumption as Judges to form independent opinions,
has disgusted all moderate Republicans, and has
probably hastened the formation of a party which
sooner or later was inevitable. There is no true
sympathy between men like STEVENS, WADE, BUT-
LER, and BROWNLOW, and men like CHASE, GRANT,
FESSENDEN, and TRUMBULL, and this is now clearly
recognize 1. Slavery is dead, and can no longer
form a principle on which to build a party. Recon-
struction will soon be accomplished, and it will be
necessary for parties to divide on other measures.
During the trial, opinions have been attributed to
Mr. CHASE which he does not hold, indeed, which
he has expressly repudiated. Ile stated that the
New York Independent, which real him out of the
Republican party, had no authority to speak for
him. That his platform "is universal suffrage,"
"universal amnesty," "the maintenance of the
public credit ;" adding, that if he had the control,
he both could and would resume specie payments at
once. In the formation of a new party a Protection
or Free-Trade plank in the platform is indis-
pensable. The leading of such extremists as STEVENS
and BUTLER is towards destruction, and unless
the Republican party can shake itself clear of the
Jacobin party it cannot stand. This has been
clearly seen by Mr. CHASE, .who has acted with the
knowledge that the Impeachment Trial would end
in a split. No party could be maintained who
drove from its ranks its most intelligent and most
eminent men, because on a solemn judicial decision
they did not act at its dictation, heaping the most
virulent abuse on their heals. No person had a
more intimate acquaintance with all the circum-
stances than SALMON P. CuasE. He knew the
character of the Managers, he knew the sentiments
of the Senators, he knew both politically and
legally the weakness of the case against the PRE-
SIDENT, and he also knew that so long as the War
Horses led that he would be nowhere. What has
happened is what he anticipated. Not only have
the Radicals driven from the ranks such men as
himself, TRUMBULL, FESSENDEN, EVARTS, and
others, but they have changed the tone of some of
the most influential journals of the United States,
among them the New York Times, New York Even-
ing Post, Bjston Advertiser, Providence Journal,
Springfield Republican, Chicago Tribune, New
York Nation, Bridgeport Standard, Buffalo Com-
mercial Advertiser, ['artier' Courant, Cincinnati
Com:nercial. These newspapers do but repre-
sent a large portion of the most intelligent
and the mast influential citizens in the United
States. Mature reflection may prevent the for-
mation of the new party, and it mty die like
many other attempts, or more probably perish
in the obscurity into which their defeat will
throw the War Horses. If SrEvEeis and BUTLER
are to exercise an over-riding influence, then the
formation of this party is certain, for men of intel-
ligence and independence could net submit to such
a thraldom, nor could the moderate citizens of the
United States endure to give their support to a
party so ruled. When the mail left it was rumoured
that even the slate of the new party had been made
out as follows :—CHASE, for President ; TnumsuLL,
Vice-President ; SEWARD, Secretary of Sate; FES-
SENDEN, Secretary of the Treasury ; ANDREW JOHN •
SON, Secretary of War ; MOLITTLE, Secretary of
the Interior; and General SAM. CAREY, Postmas-
ter-General. The PRESIDENT, it is said, will sup-
port the new party with the power of his patronage,
throwing himself completely into their arms ; but
whether they will benefit by this action is an open
question. Changes are so rapid in the Uaite I
States, more especially in times of such agitation,
that it is not easy to predict what the intelligence
may be of the next few weeks. Bit we may see
some such programme actually brought forward by
an independent party, or an amalgamation between
the Conservative Republicans and the Liberal
Democrats. WilkeeS Spirit writes in great
wrath of the treachery in the Senate, and the
Editor, who is in Washington, and possesses many
advantages for obtaining information, pledges him-
self to the truth of what he states, that " the
Democratic platform will be so amen led as to
recognize the national progress of the last seven
years, and to suit the progressive temper of the
time. Oa the 4th of. July next that programme
wid be enunciated in Tammany Hall, in the city of
New York. Its main planks will be a denunciation
of the principle of human slavery, and an accept-
ance of all the legislation of the period on that sub-
ject; the repudiation and extinction of the Confe-
derate debt; the equality of a11.m311 before the law;
and, impartial suffrage. It :is shrewdly calculated
that, in view of such a programme, the alienated
Democratic element, which now constitutes the
Republican majority, having become disgusted with
a party which is incapable of Government, or even
of defending its own life, and perceiving, moreover,
inother and vigorous hands, a platform covering their
old principles, will atonce flock to the new standard,
and leave the Republican party to sink to ruin."
GEORGE WILKES, who is the personal friend of BEN.
WADE, sent a postscript to his article by telegraph,
denouncing Chief Justice CHASE, who he declares
to be still devoting himself to the corruption of
Senators, having,
on the preceding day, "dined "
the two from Virginia. Also after "dining" Senator
ANTHONY, that he had for three hours overwhelmed
him with legal assurances against conviction, being
aided in the disgraceful task by that " soulless
shadow" EVARTS. General SICKLES, he adds, has
recently learned that his removal was at the ex-
press demand of CHASE. The Democrats keep
dark their intentions, though they are working to
present an acceptable platform, which will require to
be a strong one to hold its own against that of
the Chicago Convention. Out of all this confusion
one fact is prominent, and that is the utter discom-
fiture of " Glorious BEN. WADE." GEORGE Mucks
on this occasion, notwithstanding his knowledge
of coining events, has backed the wrong horse.
Even the collapse of Lady Elizabeth, when running
for the Derby on Wednesday, was not a more coin.
plete break down than that of the War Horse
favourite. Never did apples of Sodom more tempt
the eye and turn to ashes on the lip than on this occa-
sion. Never did " A Coining Man" loom larger and
more deceitfully. The prizes were within his grasp ;
the war horses were neighing and screaming with de-
light ; his Cabinet was appointed, the spoils appor-
tioned; the Acting Presidency was all but certain, and
though he only aspired to the Republican nomina-
tion for Vice-President, yet his eager followers
declared that they would carry him over the course
as PRESIDENT. Saturday, the 16th, came—a bitter

day—a day to be remembered. Friday came—oh

horror! the nomination of the Convention was Mr.
SCHUYLER COLFAX. Tuesday, the 2Gth, followed
and closed in black despair ; the PRESIDENT was
acquitted, and BEN WADE stood on the floor of the
Chamber occupying a place to which the Democrat
ALLEN G. SHERMAN has been elected, and which
he must surrender, perhaps for ever, on the 4th of
next March. But yesterday, he aspired to rule the
world ; to-day he must seek a retirement where he
may brood over and mature his little Kansas scheme.
Poor BEN. WADE! we all thought you were the
" Coming Man," but we find.it was an optical de-
lusion, for, in truth, you are the " Going -Man."
We have yet to learn what the effect will be of the
Chicago ticket, for the thorough defeat of the ex-
treme Radicals and the nomination of so good a
ticket, may tend to reunite the Republican party.