The Sun.
London, England, 1868-10-20 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 20, 1868

prise. It requires incessant vigilance to
maintain the efficiency of the whole fleet of
lifeboats now numbering 189, and the regular out-
lay, it may be readily- seen, is not slight, when we
remember that each station requires about £5O a
year to keep it in a state of efficiency. The brief
summary of the work of the Institution during
1867 and 1868 to the end of last month, given in
the report, is as follows :
" Number of lives rescued by lifeboats, in addi-
tion to 53 vessels saved by them, 1,128 ; number
of lives saved by shore boats, &c., 536 ; amount of
pecuniary rewards for saving life, £4,763 ; gold
and silver medals, 20 ; votes of thanks, 22."
It will thus be seen how well and how indefatig-
ably the work is done, for it is no sinecure which
the gentlemen forming the maaaging committee
undertake when they voluntarily assume their
onerous responsible duties. They have good rea-
son to congratulate themselvees on the result of
their labours and on the evidence which they are
thus able to present to the subscribers and the
public of the efficacy of their work.
In anoher aspect of the case, too, the lifeboat
institution does good service. The committee do
not hesitate to declare that a large proportion of
the lives lost at sea are risked unnecessarily and
improperly by the employment of ships which are
totally unfit for service. We do not hesitate on a
careful analysis of the Wreck Register to affirm
that 447 vessels out of the 2,513 were lost entirely by
man's carelessness. The immense number of vessels
employed in our coasting trade lost in proportion
to the total number of shipwrecks shows the most
superficial observer that there is great negligence
and indifference, to say the most of it, on the part
of the owners. The wreck chart shows a terrible
line of black dots round our eastern coasts, and of
the whole number of wrecks in the year nearly half
occur to the "unseaworthy, overladen, or ill found
vessels of the collier class." If we add to these the
losses by collisions we shall be of opinion that it is
more than time the L3gislature supplemented .the
efforts of the Lifeboat institution by organising a
system of official inspection.

The end is not speedily seen when Prussia once
mixes in the affairs of other nations, and long after
the treaties of peace are signed, and the inexperi-
enced may imagine that all danger of disturbance is
over, there appears much to confuse and distract
the statesmen and perplex the public. In two or
three instances the mischief is now apparent, and
the insidious working of Berlin tactics is traced in
the discontent and disunion that exist in some
parts of Europe. From Copenhagen we learn that
the Agricultural Party have moved an amendment
to the address in reply to the Speech from the
Throne, in order to change the character of the
paragraph relating to the Scandinavians, which, it
will be remembered, congratulated the KING upon
the betrothal of the Crown Prince of Denmark
with the Princess Royal of Sweden. These excep-
tionists, it appears, are against the idea of a united
Scandinavian Kingdom, and those who are puzzled
to account for their prejudices will find it in the
fact that they propose to add to the address an al-
lusion to the importance of preserving the friend-
ship with Prussia. This is to be placed in the para-
graph which expresses hopes for the reunion of North
Schleswig with Denmark. This is most mistaken
policy, to say the least of it, and shows a want of
appreciation that is sad to witness. It will never
do for those who have been oppressed to give
up all claims to nationality, and to content
themselves with always agreeing to the proposals
of the strongest party whether or not they meet
their views of equity, and coincide with the re-
quirements of their own people. Denmark will
lose all and gain nothing if she shows the white
feather after this fashion, and it is to be hoped
that the mistaken party which has organised such
a scheme for the readjustment of affairs will see
the error of their ways, and forbear to press their
claims. Anything like disunion is much to be de-
plored, but even a want of unanimity is preferable
to the putting forth of sentiments like those re-
ferred to, and to modify the address after the pro-
posed fashion, and to mar the effect of that well
considered affair would be much to be regretted.
It would establish a precedent that would be most
injurious, and the Prussian Government would not
be likely to believe any manifestations of indepen-
dence on another occasion. There is no doubt that
the policy of BISMARCK is against the union of Den-
mark with any State that can strengthen her; but
then the world cannot stand still to suit the views
of these anti-progressionists, and the Danish people
may rest assured that it will be a fatal error in their
course if they persist in a timid, hesitating policy,
instead of indicating their meaning and illustrating
their views by a bold and straightforward one.
Another proof of Prussian jealousy and
covert acting may be foand in respect to Austria,
as with Denmark she is not content with the direct
injuries inflicted in war, but persists in the prose-
cution of subtle schemes and bidden designs, the
results of which, ever and anon, strike the unpre-
pared beholder with astonishment. Bohemia
threatens to become very troublesome, and it will
be a work of time to settle the differences that have
arisen in that quarter, to say the best of it. Galicia
is also unwilling to adopt the new regime, and alto-
gether the Vienna Government will have enough
to do in giving satisfaction to all parties. Already,
much to the regret of all parties, the authorities have
had to suspend temporarily in Prague some portion
of the Habeas Corpus Act as relates to Aus-
tria. The greatest care has been taken in
resorting to those extreme measures not to go too
far, or to violate in any degree the forms of the
Constitution. There is no doubt that the best has
been done under the circumstances, and that the
Reichstadt will cordially approve of the measures
taken, which have been fully justified by the pres-
sure of circumstances. It may never be fully
proved, but there is little reason to doubt that
Prussia is greatly to blame for the existence of this
evil in the Austrian dominions, and much as we
may hope that the sentiment of discontent will be
an evanescent one, it is impossible to avoid feeling
that the risk is a considerable one, and that those
incur a grave responsibility who foster the spirit
of discontent totally indifferent to the conse-
quences.

The public will see with satisfaction that Sir
RODERICK MURCHISON has written a letter, in
which he makes known that communications have
been received from Dr. LIVINGSTONE, to the effect
that all is well respecting that distinguished indi-
vidual.. Some weeks may yet elapse before we can
know of his arrival at Zanzibar, but there is no
longer any reason to doubt his return ; and it is
even possible that he may bring the news himself,
and " enable his admiring countrymen to give him
a hearty welcome before Christmas." This is, in-
deed, joyful intelligence, and will afford the greatest
gratification to all those who mourned over the
loss of one so appreciated by his countrymen, and
of so world-wide a reputation. Dr. KIRK
of Zanzibar has received, through an Arab messen-
ger, short letters from Dr. LIVINGSTONE, written at
Marangee and Cazembe, which lie to the south of
Lake Tanganyika. These bear the dates of Octo-
ber and December, 1867. They contain. intelligence

which accounts for the delays that have occurred
since he wrote from a more Southern latitude in
February of the same year. Dr. LIVINGSTONE has
been living for three months with friendly Arabs,
and waiting for the close of a native war, and he
told the Arab messenger that he should return to
Zanzibar after he had explored the Lake Tan-
ganyika. Curiously enough this intimation con-
firms the suggestion made by Sir R. MURCHISON
to the Royal Geographical Society. On the whole
the letters of Dr. KIRK are most reassuring, and
serve to lessen, if not wholly to do away with, the
fears which were entertained of the well doing of
the great traveller. Since LIVINGSTONE went in
the direction where he now is the map of BAKER
has been sent to him, and he will have seen the
importance of " solving the great problem of the
Nilotic watershed of Africa." Many things have
thus contributed to the delays which have taken
place, and there now seems every reason to believe
that the telegram from Bombay was correct, a much
more satisfactory version of the story than at one
time any one ventured to expect.

LATEST INTELL EGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

THE REVOLUTION IN SPAIN.

MADRID, Oct. 19, Evening.

An important circular, explaining the policy and
intentions of the Government will be sent on
Wednesday next to the Spanish diplomatic agents

abroad.

The revolutionary Junta of Madrid will dissolve
itself to-morrow. Their example will be followed
by the provincial Juntas.
The official Gazette is expected to publish to-
morrow the law on the new monetary system to be
established in Spain on the basis of the franc as the
monetary unit.

It is also expected that the Gazette will publish
on Wednesday- official decrees proclaiming liberty
of conscience, liberty of the press, the right of
association, liberty of teaching, and universal suf-
frage.

Senor Olozaga, upon his arrival, made two
speeches, the first at the Palace of the former
Chamber of Deputies, and the other from the balcony
of the Hotel of the Minister of the Interior, when
he was frequently interrupted by " Vivas," and al-
most frantic applause. He said :
"My whole life has been devoted to liberty, and
is in unison with the spirit of the present day and
with that of the future. I strongly recommend that
powerful support should be given to the movement
in order definitively to determine as soon as pos-
sible our national position, and inspire Europe with
a feeling of confidence towards Spain."
Tranquillity prevails throughout the country.

AMERICA.
GREENCASTLE, Oct. 20.

The Allan Company's steamer Nova Scotia, from
Quebec on the 10th inst., arrived at Lough Foyle at
540 a.m. to-day with 82 passengers. She landed
the mails for London and proceeded for Liverpool.
All well.

FRANCE.

BOURSE, Oct. 19.—Three o'clock.—The market
closed as follows :

4i. per Cent.
End of month,.. -- Ital;an Loan
3 per Cent
End of month 69 97} Mexican Loan ... 231
Credit Mobilier

Spanish Threes --
Home Debt 3O 25
Deferred ... _
a. Cash_
Orleans ... 900
Northern llBO
Lyons and Mediterranean
Southern..... 568
Western
Eastern • • 577
Sardinian
Austrian
Lombard 415
North of Spain 56
Saragossa • 7l
Roman 46}

End of month... 281 25
Credit Foncier ...1458
End of month... -
RIILWA

POLICE INTELLIGENCE_This Day.

WESTMINSTER.

A VERY BAD PROCEEDING.—Emma Lenstead,
a middle-aged woman, was placed at the bar charged
with endeavouring to pass counterfeit coin.

Marion Barton, barmaid at the Crossley Arms,
Fulham-road, said that the prisoner came in last
evening, and, calling for a glass of spirits, put down
a bad shilling. She tried it on the detector ; finding
it was bad gave it back to the prisoner, who said she
would give her another shilling, and did so, when
to her surprise she found that that was also spuri-
ous. She told prisoner she should detain her, and,
sending for a police-constable, gave her in charge.
James Brown, 195 B, said he found the first bad
shilling upon the prisoner.
Prisoner—l did not know the shilling was
bad.

Mr. Selfe —You had two bald shillings.
Prisoner—l had them given me by a friend.

Mr. Selfe--Who was your friend ?

Prisoner—l don't know his name, and don't
knowwhere I was overcome with
liciner
whenhe lives,
I wentu
t:tthe
house, and did not
know what I did. •

This was positivelydenied.
Prisoner was remanded.

THAMES.

DARING ROBBERY OF TEA IN THE LONDON DOCK.
—John Brissen, a bricklayer, was brought before
Mr. Paget charged with stealing 2lbs. 6oz. of tea,
the property of the London and St. Katherine Dock
Company from their premises.
William Marshall, a dock constable, stated that
yesterday afternoon he was passing along the west
quay of the London Dock and observed the prisoner
seated on the ground, with his back against some
chests of tea, and in the act of putting tei
which he took out of a chest into his stockings.
He walked round the chests of tea several times un-
seen by the prisoner, who continued to deposit tea in
his stockings until they were quite full. He then
pounced upon the prisoner and took him into cus-
tody. He released the prisoner's legs of his stock-
ings, in which he found 2lbs. 6oz. of tea, which had
been taken out of a chest. The prisoner was ex-
ceedingly violent, and kicked at him on the way to
the station-house.

police,
Inspector Ellis, of the dock company's
produced a chest of tea, from which the prisoner
had abstracted the tea found in his stockings. He
could bring a witness to prove the chest was perfect
when it was landed.

Mr. Paget—There is no occasion for that at all.
The prisoner was seen to take the tea out of the
chest.

The prisoner made no defence, and was coin-
mitted for trial.

A NEW STEAM-ENGINE,..—An ingenious and ex-
tremely simple steam-engine, in which piston, crank
steam-chest, Soli aro dispensed with, has been invented by
Mr. Benjamin Franklin, of Westmoreland, Penna., U.S.
It depends entirely on centrifugal force, friction is almost
entirely overcome, and it will produce 1,500 revolutions
par minute with one-fourth the steam usually required,
although tho same amount of horse-Power is developed.
The centrifugal steam-engine condenses almost all its
steam (which in itself is a great saving), whilst from its
simplicity it can be constructed at one fourth the ordi-
nary cost, and it is not liable to get out of order. —Mining
Journal.
The Right Hon. Mr. Corry, M.P., First Lord of
the Admiralty, arrived at Portsmouth on Saturday even-
ing, and remains at tho Admiralty-house, the guest of
Admiral Sir T. S. Pasley.
DUNVILLE and Co., Belfast, are the largest
holders of Whisky in the world. Their Old Irish Whisky is re-
commended by the medical profession in preference to French
Brandy. supplied in casks and cases for home use or exporta-
tion. Quotations on application to /desire. Danville and Co.
Belfast; or 4, Beaufort-buildings, Strand, London, W.O ..-EAd-
TertiseMent.]

41,&,a
Curt Critair
i

HER MAJESTY.

BALMORAL CASTLE, Oct. 18.

The Queen, accompanied by Princess Beatrice,
and attended by Lady Churchill, drove t 2 Glen
Quoich yesterday.

Princess Christian, Prince and Princess of Teck,
and Prince Arthur, drove to the Lynn of Dee.
Princess Louise and Prince Leopold drove to
Alt-na-Guithasach.

The Lord Chancellor had the honour of dining
with her Majesty and the Royal Family.

The Princess of Wales drove out, attended by
the Hon. Mrs. Coke, yesterday.

LITERATURE.

The British Quarterly. No. 96. Hodder and
Stoughton.

Besides the usual very comprehensive survey of
Contemporary Literature appended to each num-
ber of the British Quarterly, the current number,
published simultaneously with the magazines for

October, contains seven articles of a very varied

character. Two of them relate, more in detail than
is possible within the compass of the minor notices,
to two other recent contributions (each of them
of some importance) to Contemporary Literature,
one poetical, the other biographical. The lat-
ter relates, in fact, to "Bunsen's Memoirs," the
former to George Eliot's " Spanish Gypsy."
The Reviewer, here (in the British Quarterly) of
George Eliot's poem of "The Spanish Gypsy"
speaks of that work in no measured terms of appro-
bation. While proclaiming as still " utsinipeached"
"the supremacy of Mrs. Browning among poetic
women," he asserts that " no poem of equal length
lnd equal merit with ' The Spanish Gypsy' has
ever been produced by a woman." He goes further.
He says, " It belongs in the best sense to the grand
style:" adding, " In emotion, in thought, in pictorial
delineation, its scale is large and lofty." And,
for fear, apparently, that he might, even then,
be misapprehended, ho goes on to declare—" We
feel ourselves raised out of the sphere of patty
and merely personal interests into that high
and august region of art in which the charac-
ters of Homer and of Shakspere move." Surely
words could not go further than that. Homer !
Shakspere !—lt is " piling Pelion upon Ossa " with
a vengeance! It is nuking " Olympus like a wart"
indeed ! What our American cousins call " piling

it up mountainously !" No wonder the ecstatic re-
viewer closes the panegyric of the magnum opera
he is trumpeting thus loudly by declaring " It is a
picture which seems framed into the history of the
world"—whatever that may mean. No wonder that
the last words of his extravagant eulogium are with
a reduplication of emphasis that rises even to
the height of the ridiculous :—" Our final estimate

—THEREFORE—of that work is that its 'writ is
SUPERLATIVE, and [after so much tall talk about

it all, the fag end of the sentence comes upon us
almost with the feebleness of an anti-climax] —we
pronounce its appearance an important event in the
history of literature." Important ! After Homer
and Shakspere and all the rest of it—we should
think it needs must be important. Why, if
Tetrarch was crowned for his sonnets in the capital
of Christendom—What ought not to be done for
GeorgeEtiot? Ile, or she rather, ought not only to be
crowned but enthrone I—sceptrel—svrathel in the
robes of coronation. The key here struck in the
British Quarterly is of so high a pitch that the dis-
courses of the other contributors sound flat by
comparison. Otherwise, there is good solid matter
in the article on " Parish Law," in another on
" Education in the United States," and in another
on " British India under three Administra-
dons." Upon the whole, however, the two most re-
markable papers in the number are the first on the
list, namely, the article on " Neanier," Dr. Johann
August Wilhelm Neander, the ecclesiastical his-
torian, born at Gottingen, arid who died ou the 14th
of July, 1850 ; and, still more, the article third on
the list relating to the genius, the career, the elo-
quence, and the sanctity of the great Archbishop of
Constantinople (the Golden Mouth at the Golden
Elora) St. John Chrysostom. Nean ler's eccentric
appearance is thus characteristically described

So completely Jewish was his appearance, that, in the
streets of London, he would probably have been mistaken
for an old clothesman. His short, spare, boot figure;
hooked fleshy nose; bushy eyebrows; thick, black hair ;
large mouth, high cheekbones, and round chin, all bore
witness to his nationality; while his loag-tailed coat,
shabby brown hat, and unfashionable jack-boots, were
quite in keeping with his otherwise Israelitish contour.

Then comes the following—

Neander's appearance. in the professor's chair must have
been exceedingly peculiar. A sketch exists of him, whi h
represents him as in a long coat, leaning forward on the
desk, with his legs crossed behind, his head bowed down,
and his hands stretched out in front, playing with an old
quill -regularly supplied for the purpose by his amanuensis
—which he unconsciously twisted about whilst the un -
broken torrent of learning, thought and ezotion flowed
from his lips.
It was his custom also, at home, when conversing with

students and others, to keep kneading all the time a piece
of soft wax between his fingers.

Finally let us give the subjoined passage, where it
is related of Neauder that
He once, at the University, took his clothes-brush out
of his pocket instead of his manuscript; an I that he was
seen on the street with a broom under his arm, instea I of
an umbrella; and that after walking a consi ler.tble distance
with one foot in the gutter and the other on the trottoir,
(the Berlin gutters, moreover, are somiti nes nearly a
couple of feet deep), he exclaimed to his man-servant
who accompanied him, "Hollow, Carl, I must be lame !"
With which comical anecdotes we close oar notice
of the British Quarterly.