The Sun.
London, England, 1850-02-11 00:00:00

N°.17,904.] LONDON, MONDAY - E I •
G S N FFBRUARY 11, 1850.
-4

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... a.) .4 Annual Policy Bonus In elt le erml-- AssuredSwi' tl
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r any of i•
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its branches in the country ; or, on application. will be for-
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W. S. B. WOOLHOUSE, Actuary.

NEW HUNGARIAN NOVEL.
On Thursday nest will be published, in 3 vols. post Bvo.,
THE VILLAGE NOTARY ; a Romance of
Hungarian Lifk. Translated from the Hungarian of Baron
EOTVOS, by OTTO WENCKSTERN. With Introductory Remarks,
Written expressly for the ?resent Translation, by FRANCIS
P UT. SZKY.
London : Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.

' ORKS by P. T. VALDEZ.
Puh'ished by D. Steel, 2, Spring-gardens, Trafalgar-square.
SONS to be sung by the R,,ssian Four-and-a-Half per Cent.
Bondholders, on receiving the First Dividend on the New Loan.
Price One Penny each, ..Ninepence per dozen, or Four Shillings and
Sixpence per Hundred.

LINES written in consequence of the insolent demand of Russia's
and Austria's Ambassadors, that the Porte should deliver up the
Hungarian Refugees. Price Three-halfpence, One Shilling and
Throe-halfpence per dozen, or Seven Shillings and Sixpence per
Hundred.

SYMPATHY WITH THE HUN-
GARIAN EXILES.
(From the Caernarvon and Denbigh Herald.)
In pursuance of a widely circulated notice, a public
meeting of the inhabitants of the ancient Episcopal
city of Bangor was held in :the Tabernacle Chapel,
Dean•street (the most convenient building, there being
no edifice set apart for municipal or other assemblages
of a civil or political character), on the evening of Wed-
nesday last.
Shortly sf.er six o'clock the building contained about
eight or nine hundrei rersons, including a large portion
of the gentler sex, and many families of standing in the
locality, which number amounted to above a thousand
at the commencement of the proceedings, and shortly
attained to about fifteen hundred, the galleries and floor
area being equally densely occupied.
On the motion of Mr. 1). WILLIAMS, seconded by Mr.
EDMUNDS, Mr. T. Charles, surgeon, was unanimously
called to the chair; which ho took, accordingly, amidst
general acclamation.
The CHAIRMAN, in opening the proceedings, said that
a lengthened speech from him would be in bad taste, as
the auditory would bo addressed, during the course of
the evening, by speakers much more competent than
himself to do justice to the subject; still he could not, in
consonance with his own feelings, resume his seat with-
out making a few prefatory remarks, by way of intro-
duction to those who would subsequently address the
meeting. They had met fir the purpose of giving utter-
since to a sentiment of brotherly feeling for an op-
pressed nation of men, who had done nothing to de-
serve the cruel treatment they had met with. The
distance of Hungary from this kingdom ought to be
no reason why they should shrink from showing that
sympathy which was due to undeserved suffering, for
God had made of one blood all the nations of the earth:
and, hoe ever remote men be situated with regard to
each other, still they should all bear in mind that they
were, after all, members of the same body. and re.
sponsible to the same God, who had from the beginning
ordained that each should help the rest; and that kindly
and beneficent services should bind each individual to the
entire race, and the entire race to each individual mem-
ber, in one common bond of amity, peace, and love.—
(Loud cheers.) It was right that this feeling of brother-
hood should be fully understood, for when it was said
that all men were equal in the eye of Heaven, it was not
meant that the distinctions and grades of social life
should either he lost sight of or confounded; but that,
whilst such distinctions were duly maintained, the upper
classes should not tread on the lower, nor the lower
class injure the upper one. But if it did occur in any
case that the head oppressed the foot, the foot would
naturally retort and kick the oppressor; and this was a
natural right, for it formed a part of the great law of
self-defence. It might not be always prudent to
make use of this right, but that did not
do away with the right itself. The Hungarian
people had been cruelly oppressed, and driven into re-
sistance ; and after being ♦anquished, by foreign aid,
and exiled from their country, the leaders and generals
of tin army were hunted after, and their families treated
in the most atrocious and revolting manner. In referring
to these facts, it would be remembered that they had not
met to heap abuse upon the oppressor, so much as to ex-
press sympathy with the oppressed. They would not
call the tyrant of Russia a blackguard whatever they
might think of him: nor would they stigmatize the
rulers of Austria as treacherous sneaks—(Loud ap-
plause)—although it might be difficult to designate them
more appropriately. Their object was not to abuse
these bad men; but to assert, on behalf of the poor
victims, the inalienable and commo❑ rights of humanity
which had been outraged and violated in their person.
It was clearly the right of every man, and of every
nation of men, to choose their own form of worship
and religious creed, and also to settle their own form
of government. What would the people of Wales
think, and how would they be disposed to act, if
England were to endeavour to force its law church upon
their, whether they would or not? And if the Dissen-
ters of Wales resisted such aggression (as they would
have an undoubted right to do), what would be thought
if England, not content with sending her own troops into
the principality, should call in those of another country
to aid theta in trampling down the liberties of the
people? Would it be right for England to get the aid
of France, for instance, to subjugate the liberties of
Wales?—(Cheers.) But what would be said if, after
doing this, and driving the best patriots of the country
into exile, they were to fall upon their poor, innocent.
helpless wives, sisters, and betrothed maidens, nay, even
their children, and cruelly expose and flog them? What
would the husbands, brothers, lovers and fathers around
him say were their dearest domestic ties thus cruelly
outraged and insulted? Yet such, as would be shown to
them by other speakers, had been the conduct of the
northern barbarian and the despots of Austria. He
concluded by calling upon the Rev. Mr. Phillips to ad-
dress the meeting.
The Rev. JOHN PHILLIPS came forward amid loud
cheers, and addressed the auditory in Welsh, in a most
powerful and splendid manner. His oration was es-
teemed, by adequa'e judges, to rank with some of the
best specimens of eloquence thrown off by Curran,
Burke, or Canning, in their happiest style, and much
do we regret that our space precludes more than the fel-
lowing English outline. The speech was a motion in
favour of adopting the first resolution:—
Fellow-citizens,--Great and extensive is the creation,
and certain it is that there is none acquainted with the
whole of it save the Creator himself'. The various de-
partments of its creatures are many, and there are nu-
merous gradations in each department ; and such is
the wisdom of its system, that the one gradation is set-
vice able to the other. Such is the ordination of God.
Thus also ought matters to be in human society. Vari-
ous and many are the positions which enter into its
composition ; and wherever there is virtue and order,
there also the one position is made to contribute 1r) the
happiness of the other,. In every department of the
human family, when officers of every kind are appointed,
they are called to their situations purposely for the
well-being, the prosperity, and the happiness of that de-
partment. They are expected to, and when taking their
offices, tsey themselves generally swear that they will,
exercise their authority, administer the laws, and per-
form all the duties imposed upon them for the benefit of
the people. Magistrates, and judges, arid ministers of
state, and potentates—lse they kings, queens, or em-
perors, in the exercise of their functions, ought not to
look upon their own things, but on the things of others,
namely the many, over whom they have been placed
for their welfare. But it is not thus that the monarchs
of the earth have conducted themselves generally. No
—for hitherto they have been too frequently found
most ready to sacrifice the public weal to private ends,
and to ride with impunity across the comfsrts and the
blood of their subjects when they think that necessary
to attain some selfish project of their own. And espe-
cially thus has the house of Hapsburg demeaned itself
towards the Hungarians. Hungary is the name
of a country and a kingdom in Europe, to the
north of the Gulf of Venice, and is surrounded by
territories under the sway of the empires of Austria
and Turkey. It is an extensive, a fertile, and a populous
region, for in Hungary and its dependencies there
are about fourteen millions of inhabitants. In the

tenth century, Duke Geysa, the chief of the Hun-
garians, was converted to the Christian faith; and
about the year one thousand his son was crowned as
King of Hungary. His name was Stephen; and in
order to heap an additional honour upon him, he was
called St. Stephen. He was the first King of that
country, and ever since that time the crown of Hungary
has been called the crown of St. Stephen. From the
beginning of the eleventh to the sixteenth century, the
Hungarians were governed successively by Kings elected
out of various families; and, in the meantime, the
country was blessed with a constitution and with a re-
gular code of laws. In the year 1526 the name of the
King of Hungary was Lewis. At the time the Turks
were attacking the country, and, in an encounter
against the armies of Solyman, the magnificent,
Lewis fell and was killed. He had no children. His
consort was Mary, the sister cl Charles the Emperor
of Germany or Austria. This was the Charles before
whom Luther had to stand to answer fur his
Protestantism in the Diet of Worms. Ferdinand, the
brother of this Charles, was married to Anne, the only
sister of Lewis. In consequence of this, and in order t)
fortify themselves against the Mahonsedany, the Hun-
garians, in their Diet or Parliament, elected Ferdinand
to be their king; taking it for granted the House of
Austria would protect their liberties against the power
of the Sultan. Alas, how tremendously mistaken they
were; nevertheless their conclusion was quite natural.
However, before investing Ferdinand with the regal
authority he had to acknowledge that he had no title to the
Crown save the election of the Diet, and also he had to
bind himself by a solemn oath to adhere to the constitu-
tion and the laws of the country with an inviolable faith-
fulness. Soon after this Charles, :having laden his con-
science with mountains of guilt, abdicated the throne of
Austria, and took up his quarters in a convent—and
Ferdinand was placed in his position, By this cir-
cumstance are the kingdom of Hungary and the
empire of Germany under the same head. Here
let us bear in mind, that Ferdinand was made king
of Hungary, not in consequence of his being the
Emperor of Austria, nor an heir to that throne, but
merely in consequence of his being chosen by the Hun-
garians! Neither was be crowned, until he publicly and
emphatically acknowledged the fact, and had taken an
oath that he would be found faithful to their laws and
form of government. For a long time ere this, Hun-
gary had been endowed with political institutions that
were healthy and strong. About eight hundred years
ago she had a kind of Representative Assembly, formed
something similar to our House of Commons• and
about six hundred years ago she instituted another as-
sembly, similar to our House of Lords. And it was her
custom always to elect her kings—relationship of the
nearest kind to the royal family was not sufficient with-
out an election. This was the aspect of the Hungarian
Government when Ferdinand was crowned; and ever
since that event, the crown of St. Stephen has been in the
possession of the imperial family of Austria; and during
these long years, namely 324, the Magyar nation has
received hardly any thing from their hands except con-
tempt, deceit, and tyranny; and it has
.been through
their own valour, and unwearied exertions even unto
blood, that they have kept their institutions. The
royal family of Austria is called the House of Haps-
burg, because it %gas from a family possessing a small
castle of that name, in Switzerland, that they sprang. I

Of all the wicked families that have ever made them-
selves known in the wide world, there is none that
stands higher than this in the gradations of treachery,
perjury, and cruelty. For the last 300 years and more,
riding upon the cursed wheels of selfishness over the
rights, the liberties, the happiness, and the lives of
men, has been one of its principal functions. After de-
ceiving Bohemia by its promises, its smiles, and its
oaths, to place confidence in its honour, and to put
her institutions under its care, and to accept of it
as governing family—a 3 soon as it felt itself esta-
blished through treachery and hypocrisy in the
possession of its power, we find this House
going about in all directions t t set up its own will as
a law to the Bohemians, instead of their cherished con•
stitution; and because Bohemia made it manifest that
she expected this House to abide by the laws of the
country, and to keeps its own oaths, and that they could
not shut their eyes to its oppressions, behold they are
attacked as by a boar from the wilderness; and from im-
prisonments, confiscations, and death by the bloody
sword, and the dark and terrific gibbet, there is no re-
pose, until Bohemia, the very cradle of civil and reli-
gious liberty, is seen weltering in her own blood at the
feet of the House of Hapsburg. A few years ago, be-
hold the same family and its council, in order to attain a
certain selfish end which they had in view, setting a
price upon the lives of the nobles of Galicia, a province
of the empire, and by their paid emissaries exciting the
mob against them ; and it was but a few of them
that escaped destruction. What a paternal Go•
yernment this ! But of all the perfidious acts
of Austria, the last is the most atrocious
namely, its conduct during the last two years
towards the Hungarians. In order to understand
the nature of the conflict, it is necessary for us to re-
member that Hungary was not a province of the empire,
but an independent kingdom, in possession of various
institutions peculiar to itself, bequeathed to it by the
fathers for centuries successively, without any relation-
ship with Austria whatever, except that the Emperor
was its King. As stated, Hungary had its peculiar in•
stitutions, which were strong and healthy, and compara-
tively liberal, forming a constitution which kept its
Kings within bounds before any of the House of Haps-
burg were elected to the throne. In Austria there was
no constitution; it was a despotic Government, the will
of the Emperor and his council was everything. And as
soon as the Crown of Hungary was conferred upon this
notorious House, means were set going, and exertions made
purposely to destroy the institutions of the country, and to
make it a province dependent upon the empire. In the
three hundred and twenty-four years which are gone by,
fourteen kings of the Austrian family have reigned over
Hungary; and every one of them, when being crowned,
sworo before the Diet and by the living God, that he
would respect and keep the constitutron and the laws of
the country inviolate; nevertheless, wo find almost all
these kings making use of every sort of schemes to de-
stroy and annihilate them. What shall we cull this but
perjury of the most venomous kind? It is against
these treacherous attacks upon their rights and liberties,
that the Hungarians have been arguing, struggling, and
bleeding, for hundreds of years. In consequence of
their bravery and political accomplishments they had
succeeded until last year, not only to keep the most of
their institutions, but also to improve upon many of
them. For, on the 4th of February, 1848, full twenty
days before the breaking out of the last revolu-
tion in Paris, the Diet passed a most com-
prehensive Bill, containing large measures of reform,
which tended strongly to shape their institutions to the
similitude of those of our own country. In March fol-
lowing, a deputation took the Bill to Vienna, in order
to present it to the Emperor and to solicit his sanction
to it ; and, owing to what is termed a pressure from
without, Ferdinand and his court came over in April
to Presburgh. the metropolis of Hungary, and in due
form lie sanctioned the whole Bill and ratified it by an
oath,—and these are his very words :—" Having graci-
ourly listened to, and graciously granted the prayers of
our beloved and faithful dignitaries of the Church and
State, magnates and nobles of Hungary and her depen-
dencies, we ordain that the before-mentioned laws be
registered in these presents, word for word: and
as we consider these laws and their entire
contents, both collectively and separately, fitting
and suitable, we give them our consent and appro-
bation. In exercise of our royal will, we have accepted,
adopted, approved, and sanctioned them, in assuring at
the same time our faithful states, that wo will respect
the said laws, and will cause them to bo respected by
our faithful subjects." But after all this pomp and so-
lemnity, it was nothing but hypocrisy and deceit, exer-
cised as a mask to cover one of the most atrocious intri-
gues! fur in a few weeks after the taking of this oath',
secret emissaries were sent all over Hungary to play the
same game as at Galicia, in order to excite the people
to atteck and murder the nobles. But the machination
failed, for the Hungarians understood one another too
well. The magnates and nobles of Hungary anterior
to this, had given an example to all the nobili-
ties of the earth worthy to be followed through-
out all generations, in the exercise of a good under-
standing and a proper feeling towards the lower
claises, by liberating them from the various burdens
which had laid upon them for ages, and conferring upon
them a set of valuable privileges, and that of their own
will, through the influence of the immortal Kossuth.
Kossuth! This is a name that shall be remembered with
emotions of delight and reverence for generations upon
generations to COMP. It is the name of the greatest
statesman, and the most celebrated character of the
present time—a man that combines in himself more ho-
nourable virtues than all the potentates of Europe put
together. The circumstance that brought this far-famed
individual first of all to the peculiar notice of Hungary
was his sufferings for the freedom and the laws of his
country. Because of his daring to advocate in court
the cause of several young men who were persecuted
by Austria for their leaning towards liberty ; and
also for his boldness in publishing some of the de-
bates of the Diet, which was perfectly lawful in Hun-
gary, he was taken up and imprisoned, and kept
there for two years before obtaining a trial; and when
his trial came, he was sentenced to be imprisoned for
ten years, and that in spite of the laws of his country.
This piece of injustice and cruelty excited the people
much, and by manifesting a determination on the ques-
tion,;eer.
con
ming
getting
sh
liberatedpimvisee.houee h
tehewatehird
re-
ceived with acclamations of jcy,
and in a short time he
was elected as a member of the Diet for Pesch, ono of the
principal cities of the kingdom. This was in 1839. As
a member of Vie Diet he laboured incessantly by his
speeches and his writings, in behalf of the constitution.
the liberties, and the laws of his country, until ho became
the most noted and influential character within the realm;
and at last found himself successful in getting the magis-
trates and the nobles Ito co-operate in passingthe Bill
..
afore mentioned. this time the most honourable and
generous Count Louis Batthyany
was Prime Minister
of Hungary, and Kossuth a leading member of the Diet;
and all the intrigues of Austria proved unsuc-
cessful people against the dignitaries. One
might
thto excite
etciheteugtle hi.tevery
everything
now to be right, and
working together for good, as Ferdinand, the Emperor
of Austria, and the King of Hungary, had taken his
oath by high Heaven that he would respect the Con-
stitution and the laws, and cause all his subjects to
do the same. But oh! at that very time, the Privy
Council of the Emperor of Vienna was fabricating the
darkest and most cruel plots against the Hungarian
kingdom, and sending its messengers with rewards and
promises
to Croatia, a
Hungary,in order to excite province of the kingdom of
te the Croats into a rebellion
against the Magyars. The means were successful to
enlist Baron Jellachich to co-operate zealously with the
Austrian Court; and no wonder, fur all the Croats are
an ignorant and a bigotted set, tolerating no way of
thinking but Roman Catholicism' , and full of jealousy
toward! Hungary, because of its liberal Jellachichinstitutions. gathered his troops together and commenced
hostilities most unmercifully upon the frontiers of the
kingdom. As soon as this became known to the Diet,
a deputation was sent to Vienna to consult the Emperor
upon the question, and his decision was that Jellachich
should be denounced as a rebel, and that the Hunga-
rians should move against him to put him down by force
of arms, and cause the Croats to submit to the Hunga-
rian laws. And let all people hear it, that they may
know what an Imperial perfidy is. Behold the Court
of Vienna the very same week that it advised and
authorised the Hungarians thus, is found sending money
and warlike materials to the rebel Jellachich, with the
advice that he should proceed with the war against Hun-
gary with all the might at his command. Now, there is
the Austrian Government successful by its intrigues in
setting the two countries against each ether, and this is
its scheme, to pour destruction upon the Constitution
and the laws of the Hungarian kingdom, and to convert
it into a province of its empire. And let all nations
gaze at the craftiness of the plan, and pronounce upon
the hearts that devised it. A short time before this, the
Emperor had called almost all the
.Hungarian army out
of the country, in order to leave it open and naked
to the barbarity of the Croats. Let these acts of Aus-
tria be registered in all the chronicles of the world, and
in the records of all times henceforth, to show what
depths of wickedness lie hid in the recesses of a selfish
human heart. In this sad condition the leaders of Hun-
gary had nothing to do but to lay the case as it stood
before the people, and to call in volunteers, and form
them into an army, which was done; and by them, with
only three thousand regular troops, Jellachich and his
Croats were beaten over the confines most triumphantly,
although his army numbered 65,000. By this Austria
is mad with rage, throws off the mask. and. sends forth
a proclamation, declaring all the authorities in Hun-
gary to be abolished, and the whole country to
be under martial law; appoi▪
nts Jellachich the rebel,
to be its civil and military governor, investing him
with absolute power over the lives and deaths of all
the Hungarians, to do wi h them according to his own
will and pleasure. I have no hesitation in declaring
that all over the extensive regions of the world,
it has never been the lot of man to hi ar of schemes
and acts more brutish, cruel, and bloody than those
of the Government of Austria towards the Magyar
people. It is said that a woman, generally called the
Archduchess Sophia, and sister
i to the Emperor Ferdi-
nand, has had a meddling hand ▪ n all these intrigues and
atrocities; and that the old Emperor, after seeing the
consequences of all the machinations which have been
delineated, felt some compunctions of conscience on the
subject, and hesitated to give authority to complete the
plan. When Sophia perceived this, in connexion with
the Privy Council, appears to be composed of

her creatures, she devised means to get the old man
to abdicate in behalf of her son, whose name is Francis
Joseph, although he is not the rightful heir of the
throne. As soon as this young man was invested with
the imperial authority, although he had no claims
over Hungary, having no right to its crown, masses
of troops were poured thereunto, spreading destruction
with fire and sword, and dealing out death wherever
they appeared ; and all this because the people
dared to manifest zeal for their country, their con-
stitution, and their laws. In the f ice of all this, what
could the brave 'Hungarians do in order to preserve their
nationality, but take the government into their own
hands, and appoint Kossuth, the greatest man amongst
them, to be their President Governor, and to set in mo-
tion the most effectual means in their power to protect
their country from the ravages of the tyrants. And,
notwithstanding all their disadvantages, they succeeded
in conquering the Austrians and the Croats, and to drive
them out of their country; and conquerors they were,
until the cruel hordes of Russia came over to assist their
enemies. Neither could the combined forces of the two
empires subdue the Hungarians, until they succeeded to
hribe General Georgey to betray his trust. 0 Georgey!
Georgey! thy name is rotten • for ever. The country is
taken possession of, the nation is subdued, and the sol-
diers are constrained t I lay down their arms; and
now another scene comes before us. How shall
I describe it ! What meanness—what cruelties—
what butcheries do I see. Hungary is proclaimed
to be under martial law—and a man cf the name of
Haynau appointed for its governor—a man whose heart
is iron and his feeling brass, and his soul boiling within
him in thirst for human blood. This is the monster who
has been elected by Austria to be the civil and military
governor of the Hungarians. In his fangs behold the
amiable, the generous, the moderate, and the honourable
Count Louis Bstthyany, brought out of his prison, and
without, a trial, he is sentenced to be hanged. Batthyany
was a Protestant nobleman, who a little before the war
had given the whole income of his estates fur one year
towards the education of the people, and bad conveyed
over hundreds of acres of land for the benefit of the
poor for ever. He had been chosen by the Diet to
he the Prime Mintster of the Kingdom of Hungary,
and his appointment sanctioned by the Emperor, and
in that capacity had done everythirg within the reach
of his influence to secure peace 'on constitutional
terms. Yet behold this nobleman, without being guilty
of any crime, but because he was a favourite with the
people, and
lly
zealous .
tfor t the m
owelfaremost ignominious
g n omn
f his country,
sen-
tenced
by punishment
by death. One morning there were nine Hungarian
officers brough out to be executed on the gibbet; and in
order to allow the appetites of the Austrians to feint
upon the Hungarian woes, they spend three long hours
in going through the terrible and heartrending cere-
mony. And, let all the tribes of the human family hear
it, and let: it be a lasting reproach, upon Haynau—
upon the House of Hapsburg—and upon the Govern-
ment of Austria. Behold gentlewomen, wives and sis•
ters of some of the nobles of Hungary, brought out
upon a public platform, and there stript and made to
bleed under the scourge of the Icommen executioner,
and for what ? Nothing, but lending a help-
ing hand to protect their husbands and brothers.
Even after Kossuth and his compatriots had
fled to the territories of Turkey, and been received
there, such is the thirst of Nicholas of Russia, and
Joseph of Austria, for blood, that they had made use of
every scheme they could devise in order to constrain the
Sultan to deliver them up to their brutish revenge. I
call not upon my fellow-countrymen to condemn Aus-
tria, and to sympathise with Hungary, for I know after
hearing these statements, that there is not one within
the Principality who can help doing so. There is a
God in heaven, and the earth also is a department of
His empire. His eyes are upon the ways of man, and
His actions are all recorded in His book. Behold the
cruel and perfidious conduct of Austria and Russia to-
wards Bohemia, Galicia, Poland, and Hungary ascend-
ing up in remembrance before him, and I hear a voice
proceeding from his throne, saying, " Vengeance is
mine, I will repay, smith the Lord." And woe, woe unto
them when the cup of vengeanee shall be handed to their

lips:
The CHAIRMAN called upon Mr. Rees, proprietor of
the Carnarvon and Denbigh Herald, to, second the re-
solution.

Mr. REES stood up, amidst a most cordial greeting,
and said that, although taken at disadvantage,—not
lihaving for
was
t obe moreea
ltlhe
da n
ua few
pon, moments
—he
a s
now been aware
ee a
s
all
t mthates
ready to avow the natural feeling of sympathy for
s uhneg arreyv
earnedn
dh egre
nptal
et ri
m oatni
wc
oe f t ahi
ands
h
had so lucidly and minutely detailed
just
ecl sustained.ot
satgshistory, sd uoe, h
down, had
the Hungarian struggle for constitu.
tional fLe!clotn, the tyrannical proceedings that had
caused it, and the savage atrocities that had followed
in its wake, that it would be superfluous far him to
say anything on that topic. It was clear that Hungary
was not an integral or component part of Aus-
tria, but an appended and independent state, bearing
a similar relation thereto as that which Hanover bore
to England. They were under the same ruler, but not
the same form of government; and the Austrian Em-
peror was sworn, when he became installe i as King of
Hungary, to erilirce, protect, and obey the constitution
that had been framed as the sole principle of its govern-
ment. This fact was so clear that it was incapable of
being put in question: and when the Hungarian ruler
betrayed his trust, and violated the constitution, he ceased
that moment lei be the legal governor of the country;
and his subjects were free, from their allegiance. The
fact that the Emperor of, Austria had been counselled
practically to negative and annul the constitutional law
of Hungary was the more to be regrettel, not only be-
cause the n cans were treacherous, savage, and contrary
to the generally accepted rules by which strife is regu-
lated in all civilized communities, but because, the
aim of the Hungarian Magnates in the higher classes
was to mitigate the condition of the people, and extend
to the lower classes a participation of all the benefits col-
lectively conferred upon the country by the spirit of its
constitution. It was much to be desired that this amia-
ble and brotherly: feeling were brought into active
operation all over the world; and surely then they were
bound to admire those heroic and kind-hearted men who
had evinced so noble a disposition towards the classes of
their fellow-countrymen less favoured by the gifts of
fortune, and position in society. Were he not address-
ing an auditory chiefly Welsh, and theta fare fearful of
trespassing, this was a branch of the subject which might
easily be made a fit theme for a few more observations.
But he would pass on to other considerations.. Set
ting aside the treachery that caused the war, and the
cruel manner in which the Austrians and Russians had
conducted it—the shameful and atrocious conduct that had
marked its sequel was not to be fargotten. If soldiers
taken in arms were deserving of punishment, and
cbief-
tains driven into exile were to be hunted out of countries
from whose hospitality they had sought and found
protection, surely the demands of retribution might
be stsyed, an the spirit of the most relentless ven-
geance be appeased! But no! It was not thus that
the rage of the tyrants could be allayed. Tnere
must be a more savage and inhuman display of
the worst passions that can deform the beast. Harm-
less women, acid helpless innocent children, must be
made the victims of barbarous and revoltitg outrage,
and whipped publicly and openly in the gaze of a bru-
talized soldiery. Was this in keping with human na-
ture? Did it not rather resemble what the imagination
might conceive of fiend-like malignity? The feelings
of mankind revolted from such horrors, and were they
not known to be undeniably true they would be regardcd
as fictions rather than as facts. (The speaker then con-
trasted the conduct pursued by the Turks towards the
refugees; and observed that they had shown themselves
the better Christians of the two, a remark, the obvious
truth of which was recognised by a hearty round of
cheers.) He would not trespass longer on their atten-
tion, but conclude by reading the, resolution, which was
as follows:-
4,

That this meeting considers the conduct of the
Austrian Government, in its late attacks upon the rights
and liberties of the Hungarian people, to have been de-
ceitful, atrocious, and lull of injustice and tyranny.
That, after subduing them by the assistance of Russia,
its conduct towards them has been oppressive and oruel.
This meeting, therefore, is desirous of expressing its un-
feigned sympathy with the brave Magyars; and they
call upon all the nations of the earth to exercise every
legitimate influence in their behalf.

The CHAIRMAN put the resolution for approval to the
come any, who by a show of hands unanimously affirmed
it. He then called upon Mr. Smith, Editor of the Car-
naevon and Denbigh Herald, to propose the second reso-
lution.

Mr. SMITH said that his endeavour to impress the
meeting with the most important and serious views of
which the subject was capable, would be much impeded
by his ignorance of the language of that long and able
address from the first speaker, which had been so cor-
dially greeted by its hearers. In all that the Chairman
and Mr. Rees had said he cordially concurred. He rose
to move the aJoption of a resolution which he would first
read:—

2. That the noble conduct of the Turkish Sultan, in
refusing to comply with the iniquitous demand of Rus-
sia and Austria for the extradition of Kossuth and the
other Hungarian and Polish refugees, has excited univer-
sal admiration throughout this country. That the thanks
of this meeting be tendered to Lord Palmerston (of
whose general policy it highly approves), for having
energetically supported the Turkish Government in
their resistance to this unparalleled aggression; and that
his Lordship be assured that his efforts to preserved the
independence of an ancient and valuable ally of the
British nation, will receive the cheerful and ieady sup-
port of all classes in this country, provided that the
Turkish Government adheres to its original resolution;
and whilst it affords protection to the refugees, imposes
no restraint on their Personal liberty."
It had been well observed by their worthy chairman
that the Great Author of the universe had made "of
one blood all the nations of the earth," and that the
fact of his having done so constituted a tie of brother-
hood between all the races, tribes, and nations of the
human family, which could not be lost sight of without
guilt.
This was a most important truth ; and it was
to the influence which it exerted upon the minds. of
humane and honourable men, that the present meeting
was to be attributed. The promoters of the meeting
that the rights, privileges, and dearest social ties of
the Hungarian people generally, and of her refugees in
particular, had been trampled on by the ttetichery of

Austria, and the combined cruelty of that power with
Russia as its ally; and, feeling this, they deemed it an
imperious duty to c3ll together a public assembly of
their fellow-citizens, to lay the case before them, and to
enlist on the side of the exiles an expression of the po-
pular feeling of this country, as far as their means ex-
tended. Those means were not to be thought of no im-
portance. The ocean--the vast ocean was but made up
of drops:—and, though Bangor was but a speck in com-
parison with the entire country, yet it was
part and parcel of that country, and would
help to form a portion of that general senti-
ment of abhorrence towards cruelty, and of sympathy
with patriotic endeavour, which were, or ought to be,
characteristic of every British bosom. A great warrior
had said—" England expects every man to do his duty ;"
and the saying had deservedly grown into a proverb.
It was not for the present company to know how far
their expression of opinion would act upon the public
mind in this country, or in other countries; but it was
their duty to express their opinion, and leave the result
in the hands of him by whom the minds of kings were in-
fluenced, and in whom the destinies of nations were in-
volved. What ought to be, and he trusted would be,
nay, already was, their feeling on the subject of Austrian
treachery, and Russian officious meddling cruel policy,
had been already stated; and, truly had it been
said that, in affording a refuge to the unhappy
exiles, and refusing to give them up to the
brutal butchers who demanded them, in
order to
slay them in cold blood, the Turkish Sultan
had evinced, in lieu of the so-termed Christian, that
spirit of benevolence, and of brotherhood, which was the
one distinguishing feature of the Gospel. The resolu-
tion he was moving adverted to this truth; and said that
the Sultan, by his generous conduct, had excited the
admiration of this country: and the cheers with which
they greeted the last speaker, whets he adverted to the
fact, proved how forcibly they themselves felt it. The
next point to which the resolution adverted was the
conduct of Lord Palmerston. Of that conduct there
could not be two opinions amongst reflecting men
of every political party. Of what use was it to
say that nations should act as brothers of one family, if
their rulers did not act so. Lord Palmerston bad nobly
recognised the very principle which their own chair-
man had affirmed ; and it was their duty to back up
the beneficent and generous policy of that high-
minded, experienced, determined, but pacific minister.
He evinced the most statesman-like qualities; and was
fully equal to the exigencies of his position as war
minister: for he so used his functions as to prolong and
strengthen all the guarantees and conditions by which
alone the peace of Europe could be preserved. This
was the highest praise that could be awarded to any
man entrusted with the power that was given to his
Lordship's keeping. There would be those who, slow
to aid in any good work, would ridicule the present
meeting, and ask what good it coull effect. They had
a ready answer in the fact that they had done their duty,
by evincing that sympathy which was all they could
bestow; and the Hungarian exiles themselves confessed
this; witness the thanks given to the promoters of the
Bala meeting, described in a late number of the
Herald. Let not the expression of sympathy be
despised! Like the mite cf the widow, though small,
it was inductive of a blessing, and recognised as of
value even by sacred lips. The Divine Being referred
to had given another parable by which they might
adjust their conduct. In order to enforce the tie cf
brotherhood, he described one who fell amongst
thieves, in a strange part of the country, where he was
not known. Those who coldly passed him by were not
the wastrels and losels of society; but a Priest and a
Levite, men of station, of influence, and of repute ;
but it was the Samaritan who poured the oil and
the wine of generous sympathy into the wounds
of the stranger ; and Christ emphatically sinks
all the differences of creed, country, and condition
the Samaritan being like a dog unto the Jew
and pointedly demands " Who was the neighbour?"
There was the spirit of universal love, and of all com-
prehending wisdom in the question : and the answer
truly was " Ile who had compassion on him." Assu-
redly! The Levite and the Priest were not guiltless.
There can be no work of supererogation. Compassion,
and sympathy with deserving objects are duties that
cannot be disregarded without sin. Ile spoke advisedly.
The highest authority, that of the inspired volume, de-
clared the fact. If they did not avow their detestation
of the tyranny they did all they could to justify and to
encourage the tyrant. The opinion of England would be
looked up to. It would be influential. And of that
opinion their own avowal would form a part. Before he
sat down he would advert to another topic. It had been
absurdly urged that the present movement in favour of
Hungary was a war movement; and that no true friend
of peace could join it. If this were so he (Mr. Smith)
would not now be speaking to them in advocacy of the
present measure, for none more then himself desired
the continuance of peace, and was more determinately
pledged to uphold it. The fact, however, was, that
peace was not to be preserved by a cringing, menu,
cowering, policy. A bold, full, truth•ul, frank-speakinv,
honest, sincerity of speech, and of will—a will ade-
quately armed to give effect to its own dictum—was
the best, nay the sole, guarantee for peace. That was
the secret of Lord Palrnerston's success. lie awed tie
rations into good behaviour; and secured to his country
the augury and prestige of success, by the firm, cool
policy in which he alike refrained from taking offence
at trifles, and determined to resist a real encroachment
and repress an offered insult. This was the true me
ilium. Nations should act as the families of a hamlet
or villa—not intrude upon each other's privacy at every
trifle, but always come to the rescue in case of any se-
rious disturbance ; just as they would pass a
neighbour's holm without intermeddling with
any trivial dispute, but rush in to keep order when-
ever they heard the cry of murder :or solicitations
fer assistance. It was a crime in this country to have
suffered the annihilation of Poland, and to pass over the
wrongs of Hungary unheeded would be a similar offence.
In every point of view—religious, politic, pacific, gene-
rous, or just, Lord Palmerston had acted lightly; and
it was the duty of the meeting to strengthen his hands.
The cruelties shown to the wives and female friends of
the Hungarian soldiers had no parallel in history. They
were unprecedented in enormity, and could not be too
severely denounced. Savage as were the wars carried
on between the white and red roses in England, and
which terminated on Bosworth field, when a Welshman,
a Tudor, defeated the last Norman murderer of the
Plantagenet race, those cruelties had, with few excep-
tions, been confined to males and to adults; and even in
the reign of the libidinous Charles, with his ferocious
toad-eating Jeffreys, the form of woman had been held
inviolate, in Lady Rae:ltel Russell—though found in
an overt act of political offence—the scoundrel finger,
the felon whip, did nut invade the sanctity of her person.
But in the ease of the Hungarian magnates the flower of
the women of the Magyar race had been most brutally
and wickedly outraged, without any other offence on
their part than that of being the wives, the sisters, or
the daughters, of brave soldiers and of patriotic men.
The Rev. Mr. LEWIS, having been called upon by the
Chairman to second the resolution, delivered an eloquent
address in Welsh, of which the fallowing is an outline:
—ln these days, when peace and war have become ob-
jects of great public attention, and when t iforts are made
t i bring the nations of the earth to put an end to their
controversies in a manner less expensive and less
destructive than that of shedding blood, it might
be to some a matter of surprise that a meeting
was Le'd to sympathise with a nation which has
been lately engaged in that practice. To this we
reply, that humanity has but two ways to defend itself
against oppression. The first and best is to make appeals
to reason and conscience. No other way could be jus-
tified in this country, where we have a free press, and a
free platform, and where the doors of legislation are
thrown open to cur complaints and petitions. The Hun-
garians were in every different condition. To suffer what
was imposed upon them would have been inhuman. To
make appeals to reason and consciences was vain. They
were driven to employ against their enemies the means
which their enemies employed against them. The nature
of this meeting is mortifying to the spirit of war. One
nation holding meetings to sympathise with another—
the idea is generous. That narrow-minded patriotism
which made men enemies to every country except their
own is being extinguished. A greater idea prevails,
that is, philanthophy. Men are taught to feel
and act as citizens of the world, and to view all
nations as one fraternity. When this principle pervades
mankind in general, " wars and rumours of wars" shall
cease, " and they shall bout their swords into plough-
shares, and their spears into pruning hooks; nations
shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they
learn war any more." We have not come tgoether this
evening to countenance sedition. We all agree that
government is a Divine ordinance, and essential to the
safety of persons and property. Still, when that which
was originally intended to secure unto men the enjoy-
ment of their rights, is employed as a means to deprive
them of those right, is it a matter of surprise that men
whose minds aro too great to exist in bondage, make
use of any means to obtain those privileges which
are essential to 'their happiness, and constitute their
birthright as men and citizens ? And if a Govern-
ment ever arrived at that degree of despotic tyranny
which justifies a revolution, it was Austria.tt Here
Mr. Lewis gave a brief account of the
made by the Hapsburg Kings to destroy
and the native language of Hungary; and C
the
oi
concluded
constitutioneided by attempts
P
saying, that these meetings answered
Hungariansimportantp ut.
pose—that they furnishedthew oirenriseopasfathe
" should move
with tongues and voices, which
the stones" of Vienna.
.Howeovveopr,haeocrrye'nptrooceededfre
those wounds that would move
amidstea
a renewal of the plaudits
revenge.—
(The speaker sat down
with which his observations bad at intervals been deser-
vedly greeted.)
The following
which had been composed for the
occasionbyMr. Morris Davies, of Garth, were here read
by Mr. Phillips, and directed by the chairman to be sung
by the choir of the chapel:—
Wrth gofio trist ofidus draul
Y blin orthrymder sy den haul,
Ein calon deimla yn ddi lai,
Ar ran y gorthrymedig rai.
Pa dad, pa fam, neu fab, nen feral,
Pa frawd, pa chwaer, yn meddu
Ness teiwla rwysg caethiwed du
Yn rhwygo llawer calon gu ?
Plant rhyddid sy mown llawer gwlad
In gothief dirmyg a 'admit