The Sun.
London, England, 1850-09-07 00:00:00

does not by any means imply severity. Habits of order
and regularity are neturait) irksome to those who hey,-
been accustonrd to liecentiousness and all the freedom
of a wandering li!c: to them there is punishment,
and that of some intensity, in submitting to rigid
rule; but that this punishment should be corrective as
well as punitive, the improvement of the mind must be
cennected with the restriction of the person.
The youthful offenders should b 3 taue,ht to
reel not m -rely the wickedness, but also the
fully of evil courses. Order and industry,
when continuously practised, will have greater
attractions than irregularity and idleness. With juve-
nile offenders we have to contend not so much against
depravity of disposition as againet evil habits; these
habits have been farmed by training in vice; they can
only be counteracted by a careful training in virtue.
" A very large proportirm of commitments consists
of persona b eween the ages of fifteen and twenty,
that is of persons who have for the first time an op-
portunity of exhibiting tie pernicious results of the
mis-education to which they have been abandoned
by the neglect of the State. The State, thus meeting
what may in the great re aj arity of cases be fairly
attributed to its own improvidence, is fairly bound to
strive that new habits should be superinduced by its
care in place of the old and depraved habits which the
St ate allowed to be formed. This would not only be
in accordance with strict justice, but with sound
economy. The industry of young offenders being
made to defray, at least in part, the expenses
of their own support; the charge on the counties for
their maintenance would be considerably reduced, and
thus the training in virtue would b 3 obviously cheaper
than the present abandonment of these wretched
beings to the chances, or rather the certainty, of
the influence of vicious counsel and vicious ex-
ample from the adult occupants of our gaols. A
certain part of the earnings of the prisoners might be
set apart, to be given them when the period of their
sentence has expired, in order that want may not tempt
them to crime on their liberation, but that they may
have an opportunity of seeking work and rein-
stating themselves in society. Experiments of this
kind have been tried with the best effects in the Refor-
matory and Industrial School of Detention established
near Tours, in France, at Auburn, near Philadelphia,
and the Reformatory Prisons of Peutonyille and Park-
hurst, in our own country."
Such institutions would, to a considerable extent,
be self-supporting; and if they were not, experience
has shown that the cost of those which owe their
origin to philanthropic effort, and to which, of course,
as the law now stands, parties can be admitted
only after undergoing a sentence of imprisonment,
has been more than repaid in the diminution of the
number of re-committals, and the consequent saving
effected in the cost of maintenance and fresh prosecu-
tions; thus proving that in the case of juvenile de-
linquents reformation is not only the best, but also
the cheapest policy.
Although not bearing upon this point, we may re-
mark that it would probably be found advantageous
that two or more magistrates in petty sessions should
have the power not only of sending young vagrants
to the asylum, but also of summarily committing in
cases of a first offence where the prisoner was under a
certain age, and the property stolen was of a trifling
amount. . _ _ _

glehurst), Liverpool, milliners—H. Mitchdl and J. M.
St. John, Calogan row, King's-road, Chelsea, furniture
deal.irs—R. Brown and J. Brown, Bodrain, Cornwall,
drapers and Via dealers—E. Gooddy J. Hill, C. P.
Smith, and W. Hill Oa far as regards E. Goo,:dy, Man-
chester, dealers—W. Cave and A. Cave, Rathbone-clice,
Oxford-strocr, English and foreign toy warehousemen—
W. Heilie;ll and G. Ilesketh, Tyldesley-blnks, Lanca-
shire, grw.crs and drapers—J. D'Haurrgard and C.
Fiers, Manchester, fmeign commission merchants—J.
Barber. J. Barber, jun., A. W. Barber, and F. Thomp-
son, Norwich, wholesale grocers and tea dealers—
J. Powell and T. Archbold, East Tilbury, Essex, coal
merchants.

INSOLVENT PETITIONERS.
Charles W. Ward, Sudborne, Sufi )11E, innkeeper.

John Ro ivbury, Pontypool, Monmouthshire, fishmonger.
Richard Pook, Cadbury, Devonshire, innkeeper.
Robert Crowe, Norwich, carpenter.
George Sturdy, Helmsltty, York-hire, ironmonger.
John Simpson, aswaldkirk Yorkshire, carpenter.
David Richard& C trdiff, Glacaorganshiro, cord wainer.
Thomas Richardson, Kinv,ston-upon-Ilull, wheelwright.
Jonathan Aston, Much Wenlock, Shropshire, firmer.
Henry Rose, Sturminster Newton, Dorsetshire, cabinet-

ThomsF, Swanse3, Glamorgan hire, weaver.
rn.mas Berry. Aylesbury, cabinetmaker.
\Villiain Fletcher, Donington-on. VIE-3ane, Linlolasbire,

James Staves, Kingatonrupon-Hull, ishwmalccr.
Robert IlAsou, Kingston-upon-11u 1.
Joseph Wattleworth, St. Bees, Cumberland, drnpor.
Jame: Ellis, Blinchinhampton, Glou.testcrshire, canfcc-

tioner.
Thomas Kennedy, North Shields, drap'r.
William Foster, North Shields, grocer.
John Williams, Fishguard, Pembrokeshire, ropcuitkr.
Benjamin Richards, Christchurch, Moamouthsbire, sail-
maker.

SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS.
W. Moncur, Kettle-bridge, Fife3hire, mere' ant, to
meet within Hall's Tontine Hotel, Cupar-Fi`e, Sept. 9
and 30, at two.
D. M. Moore, Birneyknowes, Haddingtonshire, farmer
and cattle dealer, to meet within the George Inn, Had-
dington, Sept. 13 and Oct. 4, at one.
C. Manson and W. Wighton, Perth, drapers, to meet
within the Star Hotel, Perth, Sep..l2 and Oct. 3, at une.

Here then, we think, a tolerably clear course of
action is opened up. We add nothing as to the vast
importance of the subject, which we are glad to see
taken up in so well-considered and judicious a manner
as it has been by the Staffordshire magistracy. We
hope to see it attract equal attention in other coup•
ties, and we may then expect to see it brought to a
practical iisue.

FORGERIES ON rtiE AUSTRIAN

BANK.

BIRMINGHAM, THURSDAY.—This morning James
Hill, charged with forgeries upon the Austrian Ba,,k
to the amount of 15,000/., was brought up before Mr.
T. Beale and Mr. H. Luccock for final examination.

Mr. T. 11. Gem, who appeared as solicitor for the
prosectrion, said the case had already undergone con•
siderable inquiry before the court, but had been ad-
journed in consequence of the absence of material
witnesses expected from Vienna. Those witnesses
had now arrived, and, after hearing the additional
evidence which he should lay before the court, he en-
tertained no doubt that the bench would feel it their
duty to commit the prisoner for trial.
Kerr Roth)!ph Kopp Felsenthal, Chief Commis-
sioner of Police at Vienna (examined through an
interpreter), deposed that he was conversant with the
nature of the notes produced. The one with a hole
in it was a genuine note of the Bank of Austria
for 100 florins, or about 101. in English money. It
was payable by the Imperial Royal Central Exche•
quer of Austria, or by any of the branch public
treasuries of that kingdom. The other note pro-
duced was an imitation of the genuine Austrian note,
and required the stamp of the imperial eagle to make
it perfect. It was calculated to deceive any person
who did nut bastow snore than ordinary attention
upon its appearance. Witness produced two genuine
notes, which he had obtained from the Royal Exche-
quer of Austria. They were signed by the name of
the same person (the chief cashier) as those alleged to
be forgeries.
Herr A. Moser (examined through an interpreter)
being sworn, stated that he was in the office of the
Minister of Finance at Vienna. He knew the signa-
ture of the chief cashier attached to the genuine notes
produced. The signatures were printed with the
body of the notes, and afterwards the imperial eagle
was stamped upon them. The alleged forgeries were
imitations of the Austrian note, and calculated to
deceive,

Cross-examined by Mr. Edmonds—The imperial
eagle was stumped upon all the notes issued out of the
Austrian Exchequer. Oa the notes said to be forged
no eagle had been stamped, although an engraved
punch with the eagle upon it had been ordered by the
prisoner and completed.
Mr. Edmonds—Would the note be taken in Austria
without the eagle being stamped on the face of it ?
Witness—l have known it taken without the impres-
sion of the eagle.
Mr. Edmonds—Do you know that of your own
knowledge ? Have you ever seen any person so take
it in an incomplete state ? Witness—l have not seen
it taken, but I am in the office to which notes which
have been issued are returned, and I have seen notes
come back without the impression of the eagle upon
them.

Mr. Edmonds—Look at the reverse side of the
note said to be a forgery, and tell me if it is not very
different from the note said to he genuine? Witness
—The printing is certainly different.
Mr. Gem said that was all the evidence he should
then offer on the part of the prosecution, and upon
which he a.ked the magistrates to commit the prisoner
for trial.

Mr. Edmonds hoped the magistrates would accep
bail.

Mr. Gem urgPd the importance cf the case as a
reason %%by the Court should refuse bail.
The Magistrates sail they should commit the pri-
soner to take his trial at the next assiz,s, an I refusA
to accept hail. . . _

Mr. 14: linonds—Then they must apply to a judge.
That which was frequently deemed important there
was not so esteem*'d elsewhere. lie had known notes
of the "Bank of Elegance" impose upon persons even
in that court, but nobody dreamt of calling them for-
geries.
The witnesses were then bound over and the pri-
soner was removed.

BANK OF ENGLAND.
(From last night's Gazette.)
An Account, pursuant to the Act 7th and Bth of Victoria, cap. 32, for
the Week ending on Saturday, the 31st day of August, 1850.
awns nicpARTNENT.

Notes issued.• •• •• •• 30,103,815

Government debt •• 11,015,100
Other securittes .. • • 2,984,900
Gold coin and bullion 15,833,857
Silver bullion • • .. •• 219,958

THE SUN, LONDON, SAT U RDA Y EVENING, SEPT EM BE

RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE.
SHREWSBURY AND BIRI4/NGIIAIII.

Tue half-yetsrly meeting, of this comr.ny was held
at Shrewsbury yesterday ; the Hon. Robert Clive,
prebiuled.

The- SEC3ETARY then read the report of the di-
rectors.

The CHAIRMAN said he had to congratulate the
proprietors upon the fact that under the circumstances
of their traffic they had received 12,9621. during the
last half-year. Now it was highly satisfactory that
under all the difficulties with which they had had to
contend such a result had been arrived at.—(Hear.)
lie deeply deplored the diff•rences which had hitherto
existed between the Shrewsbury and Chester and
London ani North-Western Companies', and he
would make any personal sacrifice, or incur any
troulde, if by such a course he could put an end to
those points of difference by which the mutual in-
terests of the two companies were then separated and
injured. •

A SUIREUOLDER asked why the opinions expressed
by the Chairman had not before been put into prac-
tical operation ?

The CHAIRMAN could assure the proprietary that
he had always entertained the name opinions, and be
knew also that such were the sentiments of their
worthy chairman, Mr. Ormsby Gore. He then read
correspondence between Mr. Glyn, the chairman of
the London an 1 North-Western Company, and Mr.
Gore, the chairman of the Shrewsbury and Bir-
mingham, from which it appeared that Mr. Gore pro-
posed to Mr. Glyn to refer the differences exis•ing to
arbitration. The directors of the London and North-
WesFF•rn Company declined, unless the Shrewsbury
and Birmingham gave up an agreement respecting
the Shrewsbury and London traffic (vice the Shrop •
shire Union line from Wellington to Stafford), which
the Court of Chancery had decided in favour of the
Shrewsbury and Birmingham Company. He (the
Chairman) thought it right that this correspondence
should be read, because it showed that after all a
good feeling existed, and ere long he hoped some ar-
rangement would be made by which all matters of
dispute would be amicably settled. He concluded
by moving the adoption of the report, which was
seconded by Mr. W. Chance, of Birmingham.
Upon this a long and desultory discussion took
place with regard to an agreement between the
Shrewsbury and Birmingham and Shrewsbury and
Chester Companies, for the purpose of the mutual
protection of their through traffic from Liverpool to
kVolverhampton. This agreement did not allow
either company to arrange with any other company
without both being consenting parties. If either
party broke the agreement, it entitled the seceding
party to the right of using the other line to prevent
its traffic being shut out.

Mr. BIRD, Mr. GRACE(' and other influential share-
holders, contended that this agreement, which had
led to unpleasant consequences, ought not to have
been entered into without the consent of the share-
holders.

The CHAIRMAN intimated that at the last half-
yearly meeting of the company the directors stated,
they had entered into an agreement with the Shrews-
bury and Chester Company, and that they proposed
to make such an agreement permanent. the agree-
ment was soon afterwards sealed. The directors un-
derstood they were making the agreement under the
sanction of the shareholders. What the directors had
done they had done conscientiously, and if they had
failed to accomplish all that was required by the pro.
prietors they could not help it.
Mr. THORNEYCROFT' of Wolverhampton (one of
the directors), believed that the agreement was for
the good of the company. He had been anxious to
obtain an adjustment of all difficulties, and for that
purpose had had an interview, along with a deputa-
tion from their company, with the London and
North Western directors in London. He was most
desirous that a contest, in which the Birmingham and
Shrewsbury had had in their favour two decisions of
the Vice-Chancellor and one of the Lord Chancellor
of England, should be fulfilled. Those objects were
at present defeated. All the Birmingham and Shrews-
bury Company wanted was justice, and ultimately he
entertained no doubt that they should prevail.
After further discussion the report of the directors
was received and adopted.
Mr. OLIVER, then moved the appointment of a de-
putation to confer with the directors of the London
and North-Western Company, with a view to an
amicable arrangement of the disputes between the two
companies.

The motion of Mr. Oliver was discussed at con-
siderable length, was opposed by Mr. Alderman
Geach and Mr. Akroyd, and ultimately withdrawn.
The retiring directors were re-elected; and Mr.
Akroyd, of Stourbridge, was elected auditor in the
stead of Mr. Castles, to whom a vote of thanks was
proposed by the Chairman.
On the motion of Mr. HAINEs, of Brougham, a
motion was agreed to suggesting a traffic arrange-
ment with the Chester and Birkenhead Company,
similar to that existing with the Shrewsbury and
Chester Company.
The proceedings terminated with a vote of thanks
to the Chairman.