The Sun.
London, England, 1844-08-24 00:00:00

ebtr Mbition

THE FUNDS--(CLOSING PRICES,

BRITISH FUNDS.
Bask Stock ........ ........ . 11,9% Indian Stock 289
3 per Cent. Red..
...... ........ 99% Ditto Bonds . ........ — Pnu
31,1ter Cent. Cons
2 per Cent. Red
ew 3% per Cent 11002131 DELittoßiNues7l,Aooraulitsiesd ...... 9873%fpm
New 5 per Cent.... ........
Long Annuities to expire Ditto Small 73 pm.
Jan 'lB6O l2 9-16 Bank Stock for Acct. ~.
Oct. 1859 — Consols for Act. 98%
Jan. 1860 — India Stock for Acct....
FOREIGN FUNDS.
Austrian, 5 per Cent .... ..... Portuguese,s per Cent
Belgian, 5 per Cent lO3 Ditto, New Ditt0..............
Brazilian Bonds ,Prussian, 5 per Cent ..... ...
Buenos Ayres, 6 per Cent — IRussian, 5 per Cent ..... .......
..
Chllian, 6 per Cent
Colombian, 8 per Cent ...... 13% Spanish, 5 per Cent :2%
Ditto, 1824..».... — ,Dltto, 3 per Cent
Cuba Bonds, 6 per Cent — Ditto, Deferred................
Danish, 3 per Cent . ....
Greek, 1825, 5 per Cent — Exchange —f. —c.
Mexican, 5 per Cent .. ..... 35% French, 3 per Cent. —f —c
Ditto, 6 per Cent., 183 f — Dutch, 2% per Cent 61%
Peruvian, 1825, 6 per Cent... Ditto, 5 per Cent lOO%
911 A RES.
Birmingham and Gloucester (100 paid)......... ..... 103
Ditto, New Shares, 17% paid 27
Chester and Holyhead ( 5 paid)
Dublin and Cashel, 2 % paid
Eastern Counties (23 paid) ..„ ..... .... ..........
Ditto Registered- (8/ 6s 8d paid)
Ditto Perpetual, 5 per Cent., 138 4d. paid,Ne. 1 1
Ditto ditto, paid, Na 2 Edinburgh and Glasgow, 50 paid
Ditto Quarter Shares (12% paid)
Great North of England, 100 paid
Ditto New Shares ( paid)
Great Western (75 paid)
Hull and Selby, 50 paid 66%
London and Birmingham (Stock)
London and Blackwell (161. 13a. 4d.) 7%
London and Brighton (50 paid)
London and Greenwich (I2t. 15s. 4d. paid) B%
Di ito, Preference or Privilege, £lB 17s 2d paid :2%
London and South Western (411. 6s. 10d. paid)
Ditto Eighths (15s. paid)
London and Croydon (Trunk) l9
Ditto, Scrip, 10 paid 19%
Manchester and Leeds (70 paid)
Manchester and Birmingham
Midland Counties (100 paid) lO6
Newcastle and Darlingron Junction. 21 paid 48%3
North British, 2% paid:
Norwich and Brandon, 4 paid
South Eastern and Dover (33 2s 4d paid) ..„.» 37%
Ditto New Shares, 4 paid
Yarmouth and Norwich (18 paid)
York and North Midland (50 paid) lO4
Paris and Orleans (20 paid)
Paris and Rouen. 20 paid
Rouen and Havre, 10 paid lB%

-- -
CRIMINAL COURT-(THIS DAY).
NEW COURT.
(Continued from our Afternoon Edition.)
James Hodges, silversmith, aged 26, was charged with
stealing an ounce and a half of silver, the property of
Messrs. Garrod.
Mr. Prendergast conducted the prosecution ; Mr.
Clarkson defended the prisoner.
It appeared from the evidence that Mr. Withers, the
foreman of Mr. Garrod, from circumstances which came
to his knowledge, had reason to suspect the prisoner.
The prisoner, on the 31st of July, was seen going into
the weighing-room, under suspicious circumstances, in-
formation of which was given to Mr. Withers, who
:accused him with taking some of the silver. The
prisoner was walking away quickly, and dropped the
silver, which was marked by Mr. Withers. The case
was clearly proved against the prisoner.
The jury having found him guilty, the prisoner was
sentenced to six months' imprisonment in the House of
Correction, with hard labour.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS

FROM TELE EVENING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.
GLOBE.—The tardiness with which the inquiry
into the Landlord and Tenant system in Ireland pro-
ceeds, and the improbability of any considerable prac-
tical advantage to the population from the labours of
the Commission, have bean often made the subject of
complaint and prediction. We do not expect any
new disclosures by the publication of the report, ap-
pear when it may. It is not information as to the
state of Ireland, and the causes of the depressed and
disorganised condition of the people, that is required ;
but an honest purpose to remove their grievances ; with
which all who are not wholly ignorant of the social
condition of Ireland, are acquainted and must deplore.
The appointment of the Commission to inquire into
the nature and practical operation of the relations
which exist between the landlords and tenants in Ire-
land, was a mere pretext, resorted to by Sir Robert
Peel for the purpose of evading the demand for a
practical remedy tbr well-known grievances. It was a
weak apology for doing nothing. The source of most of
the monster miseries of that wretched country, and the
provocatives of its peasantry to those terrible instances
of what has been described as " the wild justice of
revenge "—by which it is degraded and disgraced—
will continue to operate. The report of this Commis-
sion—fraught with facts which have been elicited by
former Commissions and Committees, and published in
their reports—will be laid upon the tables of Parlia-
ment, and ordered to be printed, with all the pomp
and circumstance of some new revelation. Thus
the farce of inquiry will close. While, however,
the Commissioners are carrying on the inquiry at
the several places they visit, with closed doors, and
all the other means of keeping the information they
receive sacred from the prying curiosity of the
public, some of the particulars they collect escape,
by some means or other, and thus prematurely obtain
publication. The following facts, published in the
Irish journals, as having been given in evidence before
the Commission, though not new, sufficiently illustrate
the condition of the peasantry, and account for the
recklessness they occasionally display :
" In consolidation of farms agrarian outrages have
chiefly originated. This has diminished labour and
caused great distress and misery, driving many of the
evicted tenants to desperation.
" FARMING POPULATION.—Large farmers with grass
lands are in some cases in a comfortable condition.
With tillage lands the contrary is generally the case.
Small farmers are commonly struggling for a liveli-
hood ; and labourers are in the most wretched state.
Wages, where employment can be had, seldom ex-
ceed sixpence per day, without food. Witness knows
many families who can get no more than one meal of
potatoes and salt a day. The Government loan fund is
of great service to labourers. . . . . .
The rent on small farms is generally higher than on
the larger ones—the rent of small farms is generally
paid in cash, and witness believes more punctually than
that of large farms. The children of tenants. on the
death of their parents, are left to the care of friends,
who, in general, perform the duties of guardians, if the
farms are left to them. Labourers in the country
usually hold cabins with little or no land from far-
mers, but they usually reside near or in towns, where
their condition is miserable in the extreme. In the
country, the rent is paid by distress, or civil bill at
Quarter Sessions. The con-acre system, which prevails
in some parts, is of infinite service ; but for this they
would be unable to obtain provisions. Con-acre is
usually set at 101. per acre, and taken from farmers. In
many cases employment cannot be obtained at any rate
of wages. The wages usually given are Bd. per day in
summer, and 6d. in winter. Witness has known la-
bourers to go seven or eight miles at four o'clock in the
morning, and offer to work the day for 6d. Agrarian
outrage in almost every case has arisen from the evic-
tion of tenantry."
" Lord DEVON—Do the Catholic clergy assist, by ad-
vice, to put down agrarian outrage?
"Answer—Yes, always; and but for the advice of the
Catholic clergy, the dread of future punishment, and the
hope of future reward, I am confident assassinations
would be more frequent.
" Lord DEVON—How did these outrages originate?
" Answer—Before the passing of the Emancipation
Act, gentlemen gave leases to a numerous tenantry for
the purpose of making them 40s. freeholders, and had
frequent intercourse with these tenants for different
purposes; but since the passing of that Bill the landlords
have consolidated their farms, and driven the smaller
farmers to seek employment as labourers when no em-
ployment could be obtained. If the landed proprietors
had more intercourse with their tenants, and corrected
such grievances as lay in their power, I feel confident
that the tenants would do all they could to cultivate
their friendship. But the rents are chiefly paid through
agents, who, having no interest in the welfare of the
tenantry, do not care, with some honourable exceptions,
what becomes of the tenant, so that the rent is paid.
Now, as the rents are frequently demanded at a time
when the tenant is not able to pay it, from not having
sold his crops, an eviction takes place, and the tenant
is driven out on the world. From the number of
these evictions, the tenants look on the landlord
with suspicion ; the landlord, on the contrary, equally
fears and suspects the tenant ; and thus originate the
agrarian outrages. Some landlords and agents ask their
rents in a harsh and intemperate manner ; this appears
to the tenant as if the landlord or agent owed him some
ill-will, and he is, therefore, afraid that they will evict
him. Tenants will make great sacrifices to serve a
landlord or agent who deals with them in a kind and
courteous manner. I know of some landlords and
agents who are more kind and generous to tenants of a
desperate character than to their more industrious and
peaceable tenants."
What security can exist for the preservation of
social order, or for the respect in which life and pro-
perty should be held by the community, to render
both secure, in a country where masses of the popu-
lation are thus made to feel that " that the world is
not their friend, nor the world's law 2" One advan-
tage will result from the inquiry, though not pre-
cisely that which Sir Robert Peel contemplated
when he issued the Commission. The wretched
condition of the small farmers and labourers will be
again exhibited—a condition more deplorable than is
to be met with in any other portion of civilised
Europe. The cause of that deeply-seated and
widely spread moral and social wretchedness will
also be partially, if not fully, developed. Though
not within the range of legislative interference, nor
to be cured by the interposition of Government, the
exposure will not be altogether futile. Publicity
will be secured; and public opinion will be brought
to bear upon the landed proprietors ; to whom, as a
class, the calamitous circumstances of the tenantry
and labourers must be attributed. Neglect of the
duties of property, with a rigorous exaction of their
rights—and in many cases extortion of more than
their legal claims constitute the source of Ireland's
monster grievance.
STANDARD.—The paper
been fired from the masked battery
ftsa wpocohtemhpaove.
rary at Lord Brougham's Act for abolishing impri-
sonment for debt for all sums not exceeding twenty
pounds, afford ample evidence, if further evidence were