The Sun.
London, England, 1844-03-29 00:00:00

SOUTHAMPTON, March 28.

The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer Liver-
pool, Captain R. W. Evans, arrived this morning, at seven
o'clock, bringing the following mails :—Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon,
Cadiz, and Gibraltar.

Her dates of departure are as follow :—Gibraltar, Sunday,
17th ; Cadiz, Monday, 18th; Lisbon, Thursday, 21st ;
Oporto, Saturday, 23d ; ti igo, Sunday, 24th.

.
Ships of War Ivinw at Gibraltar—lTer Britannic Majesty's
ships Malabar and' Scout, American sloop Fairfield, French
steamer Crocodile, and her Britannic Majesty's steamer
Locust.

At Lisbon— Her Britannic Majesty's ship Albion, French
steamer Gomer, and brig Volage.
Vessels passed off—The Danish barque Auchinthor, of
Arendal, in lat. 47 N., long. 7 W.
.

Specie on board 22 packages, and 13 passengers.
The Little Liverpool is later home than usual ; she was
24 hours beyond her time at Vigo. She brings a full cargo
of fruit, principally oranges.

FACTORY QUESTION.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Sin,—There is nothing like resolving all impor-
tant questions into their simplest elements. Let us
consider the Factory Bill on this plan. We have
first to decide whether the Legislature have the right
to interfere between the employers and the employed.
Secondly, if it be expedient to do so. Thirdly, in
what manner. I think the reply to the first inquiry
is, that the Legislature has such right in an extreme
case, but in no other. If the crew and passengers of
a vessel are wrecked on a desert shore, the paramount
necessity of prolonging human life justifies the divi-
sion of the private stores of food belonging to the
passengers among the whole body, after the general
stock is exhausted, not otherwise. Secondly, legis-
lation is expedient if it can remove the evil—not,
if no such power exists. Thirdly, the manner—this
must be by a general action of the law, not a partial
one. If it is necessary to divide any portion of the
stores of the passengers, the abstraction for general
purposes must be pro rota from all ; it is not just to
take all the property of A., of 8., and of C., and leave
untouched that of E., of F., and of G. Let us apply.
Beginning with the first branch of inquiry : Is
the general condition of factory labourers so bad as
to justify extreme measures and violations of general
principles ? This point should be settled by exten.
sive inquiries, the condition of a part must not be
assumed as that of the whole..

On the second branch of the inquiry—Can the
Legislature enforce an alteration in the ratio of re-
muneration to the labourer ?

First—Can it it prevent the employer reducing the
wages of the employed ? If not, the result of legis-
lation will be, that A B (the labourer), now obtaining
twelve loaves by twelve hours' labour, and finding
the quantity inadequate to his or her subsistence,
will obtain only ten loaves, but will have two unem-
ployed hours for rest.
Second—ls, or is not, the profit of the master-
manufacturer sufficient to allow of the abstraction of
that portion of it which is produced by the last two
hours of the labourer's exertions ?

This, again, should be ascertained by extensive and
searching inquiry; assumptions are mere froth and
wind. If the profit of the manufacturer is wholly
produced by the two hours' labour proposed to be
withdrawn, it is clear that the Legislature cannot
enforce its decrees. No Act of Parliament can force
a man to continue a trade by which he loses.
The third point is, whether the House of Commons
be disposed to act with impartiality, and pass a Ten
Hours' Bill for agricultural labourers, as well as
factory people ? The former are said to be even
worse than the latter.

Finally—lf such a Bill be passed, and the farmer
requires a higher price for his loaf, on account of the
greater expense of cultivation (employing twelve
men for ten hours, instead of ten men for twelve
hours, and paying per head as much in one case as
the other), whether the consumer be prepared for the
enhancement ? POPL IC OL A.

STEAM-.BOAT ACCIDENT.—On Wednesday as the
Dublin steam-ship, Duke of Cambridge, which had left the
St. George's wharf a few minutes previous, was going down
the river on a strong ebb tide, when, owing to some misma-
nagement on board, she ran into the collier brig Maria of
Newcastle, now discharging coals. The stern of the brig was
stove in by the collision, part of the quarter carried away,
and the coalwhippers' stage, on which the men were at work,
was smashed, and they narrowly escaped severe injuries. The
shock bent bhe top hamper of the brig's main-mast like.
a reed. There were three barges along-side the Maria, wait-
ing to receive coals, and they were all broken adrift by the
violence of the concussion. The Duke of Cambridge pro-
ceeded on her voyage uninjured.
FUNERAL OF THE EARL OF LONSDALE.—The
mortal remains of the late Earl of Lonsdale were removed'on
Wednesday afternoon, in a hearse drawn by six horses, from
Twickenham to the Euston-square terminus of the Birming-
ham Railway, from whence they will be dispatched by spe-
cial train to Birmingham, where another train will convey
them to Liverpool, and thence to Lancaster, where horses
will be provided, and the mournful procession will go to
Lowther Castle, where the remains of the deceased nobleman
will lie in State until Saturday, when the funeral will take
place in Lowther Church.
HuLL.—On Monday the new graving dock was
opened to the public. The works have been comphited at the
cost of about 10,0001. The first ship docked was the Ganges,
Captain Blythe, 755 tons register.—Hull Packet.
We are gratified to be able to state that the sub-
scription for the widow and children of the late Chief Officer
of Police is going on well. The amount up to last night yeas
about 6001., independently of a sum of 5001., which the
commissioners voted at a special meeting last night. The
barristers present at the late assizes contributed nearly 401.
to the food.—Brighton Gazette.

COURT CIRCULAR.
His Royal Highness Prince Albert left townyesterdtl.
morning for Germany. His Royal Highness left
FUC
ingham Palace at half-past nine o'clock, attended by lid
George Edward Anson, Captain Francis ScymG2r, stnbe
Colonel Bouverie, and proceeded to the terminus of al
South Eastern Ralway at London-bridge. The ilq
party took their departure by a special train for PeYer,
his Royal Highness embarking on the " Princess Aloe'
steam-packet for Ostend. Colonel Bouverie and Car
tam Francis Seymour are expected to attend the Brince
to the Continent.
The Queen and the Queen of the Belgians walked
the Royal Gardens of Buckingham Palace yesterdsPA,
The Royal Family were taken airings yesterday in ""
Royal Garden.
Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester TisiLid,
her Majesty the Queen Dowager yesterday at Ow
borough House. in
Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent left tO/71:1 6
a carriage and four, at ten o'clock yesterday lornke
for her residence, Frogmore Lodge, near Windsor.
Royal Duchess returned to Clarence House, St. Jame
in the afteoon. k of
The Governor and Deputy-Governor of the Ban the
England had an audience with the Chancellor of
Exchequer yesterday, at his official residence
Downing-street. Tura
M. Van de Weyer, the Belgian Minister, and nil
'Ceiba, Bavarian Minister, transacted business yestsr""
at the Foreign-office. te
A to
Mr. Gladstone and other Cabinet Ministers 11..-
views with Sir Robert Peel yesterday.

ANCIENT CONCERTS. Wel"
The second performance of ancient music took pleke on on,
nesday, under the direction of the Duke of Wellio_,,gt°ll"
ductor, Sir H. R. Bishop; Leader, Mr. Loder; orgim"..set,
Lucas. The performances commenced, in a sublime
with a maificent Sanctus by Mozart, which was finely 50
formed. Ceminiani's concerto afforded Mr. Loder dir
led for Mr. Cramer, who was unwell) an opportuoil
playing the dexterity of his bow hand, in the allegro, "bora
is by no means easy of execution. Geminiani be
at Lucca, in 1666 ; he came to London in 1714, I'lutberi
passed many years. In 1761, he went to Dublin, ids
he died the following year, aged ninety-six.
10
Hymn is a very sweet composition, with harp °boor,—
,
played by Mr. T. Wright
H_,- a semi-chorus of female
_.;,ltb'
had a charming effect. andel's glorious chorus cl':.tter,
first part in the most effective manner. Martinis qv; Der
which has been as popular as Kreutzer's Locloiska,
formed on this occasion after the manner of the ola n the
tras, ending with the slow movement, the rondo (w by Sir
oboe obligato) being omitted. In a note inserteo.%ver.
Henry Bishop in the concert books, it is stated that 01,5;00
ture was composed in 1774. The selections fronl
Orfeo is one of the finest dramatic scenes that was eyerbri
posed, and Mr. Bennett acquitted himself most adours sing,
Orpheus, in the very difficult solos which he had te_oice,
some of them high enough for the most acute alto,' 004
liandel's fine chorus was given with a prodigious‘el
effect. Mozart's chorus from Idomenio, which be
to be among his best productions, was awfully gran"' the
companiments being quite overwhelming in theorribeaeolthi:
Caldara's Cum Sancta Spiritu is a sublime compositi
brought to a close a performance which evidently eff,.°14,,,04
highest gratification to a brilliant assemblage of disto'rairec'
persons. The third concert will take place under the
tion of the Archbishop of York, on the 17th of APril.„o•
Among the company were the Duke of
.4„_ o'
ton, the Archbishop of York, Earl Howe and de. a!
and Lady Jersey, Marquis and Marchioness of 1).041,71,011)
St. Vincent, Lord and Lady Norreys, Lord C. VireloStiirotit,..:
Mahon, Ladies E. Palk, Sykes, M. Stanley, .13'n,f,
Johnstone, E. Marsham ; Sir John and Lady S°.,.,Vreal
IV. Curtis, B. Camac, A. Barnard, T. Phillips, G. " ?0..;
G. Talbot ; the Speaker of the House of Comrno°B', se
Harcourt, Sir John Campbell, Sir T. Brinckmaot
Esq., &c.
THE SWORD OF ADMIRAL
DUPETIT THOUARS. belt!!
Public subscriptions, as every one knows, areireSc,
raised in France for a sword to be given to the OP
Admiral, who exhibited his Gallic valour by a ke, tbe
over Queen Pomare—a feat which Mr. T. P. C°°roperlf
only recognised British seaman, would veryfrP 011
describe as an act " unworthy the name of jg‘th„
would rather see all his timbers irrevocablyi; at r;
than run down a craft with a helpless fon, °,;0(151'
figure-head, when he ought to be piping all 'cle, ~,,
the protection of lonely, defencelees, and, of eo°
tuous woman." nahtl''o, of
Punch, ever anxious to combat against htl, of the
every description, and to rush into the thiCkgsLO
fight, has called upon one of his artists t 0
sword, which has been accordingly drawn 8
,gart;
hoped that our cut of this sword is more to Ole /is 0
than any cut the sword will ever give in the haProgsrii
intended owner. The hilt represents Queen 'WI
whom the French Admiral endeavoured to othe-of
of. On the blade is another representation 001
Tahitian Majesty, kneeling before Thoulenosiel
with a littleness that quite justifies his Piot 03°te5(1
of Petit, is waving insultingly over her t_ospec,e,
obtrusive bit of rag, which was formerly "'old
as the tricolour, but which is sadly soilel9o iii e•
graded by some of the hands it has since fh 01%
The scabbard is covered with various emblein,oo 01;
signs, headed by a little monstrosity intended tad ski,
Young France, who, if not both " old enough 70
enough" to take care of itself, certainly posse n, fhblatter of these two requisites for self-protect for s!'lej
other devices are emblamatical of ' the object,: tin,
the sword is given ; but the Admiral himself/55011W
by the inside, which, as the sword is out of the,
conveys the idea of absolute emptiness.—Vaticw a
THE COMFORT OF ~KNO
W THE WORST." - ged'o
At the Huntingdon Assizes, Gifford White',oloo4
Ras sentenced to transportation for life for sok :lid
letter to a farmer, threatening to burn his „Dace, ty
the farms of others. Lord Abinger passedserluro eed
said, " the sending of letters threatening to toles 0,
property of the parties to whom they Nver.e oefoot
was worse than the putting the threat itself 10; at ere
tion, for when a man lost his property by fir,e gets ,f„,101
knew the worst ; but he to whom such tur",.otitl!'dd
made was made to live in a state
id by
terror and alarm." Hence, instructed are l'elfet
Abinger, let future Gifford Whites sPof Ic
pens and ink, and at once make usedestret, ottl
matches. For, as it is a lighter offence t° the
Off fib
perty than merely to threaten its destruction, t 04V
White, who actually burns the farm oaff teithrierli
transportation for fourteen years ; r‘,
villainy, he merely makes a threat, he is ve
p al of
condemned a slave for life. t oft' 454°'
In our last number, we reported the res'llibe 'lee
the Rev. Mr. Day, who plunged a knife ja.ra A,b0.0
seven sheep that trespassed in his close. -u"Genoneftlig
feelingly put it to the jury, whether the iley'ronee...ye tD
did not torture the animals out of pure igtti°,,o
de
law; being a clergyman, he of course ha; IV cot
study the statutes ? He was acquitrewschitstiet,‘
not plead for an acquittal of Giff°rdfit 541civi
of course his education and position otetl,ooo
must have made him intimately IA! OP fort°,
the statutes, which he knew he vertic,e ihis
cad
However, according to the judge, he has 0;04 bee'
his misery—at least he knows the worst' boa
think may possibly consist in the fact of big
tried by Lord Abinger.—Punch.

---v
FATAL ACCIDENT AT as
BAILEY BRIDGE „f O
(From the Second Edition of the Ma'ache"- 000
of Wednesday.) .I„,reble,,e,
About 11 o'clock this morning, collo"' lei"
was created by a rumour that the scaffoldingo jtteef'
tion with the building of the bridge, no`° le),
of erection, over the river Irwell, at Sof of 1 0
" 4"
had given way, precipitating a number we for;
into the water. On making inquire tbsA st„'d
the report to be too well founded, 011,,"„ ser"„,oo-e
ing appear to be the particulars of t,,,4" 1"„,i0f5,0°
Across the river extend two large beTirtber tr„i
parallel to each other, covered with rails, Jp-Oosistleoll
of bearing a travelling crane. This cran,e
wheels placed on the rails of the vehoilc jti I
across the river, and a strong articles
fa
from one wheel to the other, on wbic bef of
apparatus, for raising stones and other
f oleo 10
appears that, at the time of the aceidellhie ceft Olff
men were engaged in raisi means of t asoe, „ors'i
the arch of the bridge, by of thtetbe teoteereJjg`liji
some unknown cause, the beam nesre.s,4, tre br
bridge over the river gave way, and, 143' rive'erlt
it
crash, the travelling crane fell into thfroteciroe t,
ing down a quantity of wooden were 11 ifst€d
its way ; and seven men, wh° the,,00440,
at the time, were precipitated 'll—tbe rltroP
An alarm was immediately given t
f the let co,
adjoining the bridge ; and a number La soboia oer,
as soon as the momentary consternation ha sob
'" riOtps
on
to lend their aid in ng the
several of whom were observed strugg •flitirioelithett
ling 10 tll6Pbef
Three of the men got out, with no othel:ttiog lv otriot
fright occasioned by the fall, and the
that
feobt°°oB
received; but we are sorry to state tnit bri:4*ej tO,Ol
were not so fortunate. Three of them we'Llivei Ate
the river much bruised, and iminediatelc.tberl:na,
ei
Manchester Infirmary. The body of tfig% re& 'O, 0,144
soon afterwards found, shockingly ilia! iP
fectly lifeless. It was taken to an aced sa• rs'ijißdi
it was identified as that of a man ntee..rd) 110101
the son of a shoemaker (we have "...ea at t
Manchester, and who had been
emP
for some time. &too/ 508,,e' ti
What renders the accident more par ,re 50 op
ing is the fact that two of the men who other 1
ripj
bruised are brothers (one elder and th.e a gilt'
of the unfortunate person who is killed. ,nos 1,1
We understand that no previous singewbesnvol. 14°1i!
way had been observed in any 0. .'0„ is stlecs",,ti
weight of the centre they were rals_i h• ad
ten tons; and it was supposed that it 1%604 ttose.i
on some projecting piece of the &OLT' bso roe
ditional force required for raising
acwacsidiennsut.
insufficient
eiPerhapsent te h itea
bear
s
On making inquiries at the infirnisinegertoo",e
the two brothers (Kirk) are doing 17010 cod
another tqheuiwteeasi
another man, named Kelly, who had. also
ere
the infirmary; but the injuries he recto' -
01/
J 9
tively trifling.
A0:A.19
Ps or
,do,
DREADFUL SUICIDE IN A FIT or
_.OO 00,1
the evening of the 18th inst., a married Wwf,ifosPlhei,vig,
opt.roblob..l: to111:11,000.i,1:10,14,0
Blackford, was admitted into the Middles!sLitb MVP $1)
the following circumstances :—She resided 5o• es,
a tailor, on the second floor of the house, ill'4tloBl.7t
street, Golden-square, and on the eveniefvooo:4ol%
quarrelled with her husband, and being 3 the
citable temperament, she rushed, pendlna_g was 13„lacra
window and jumped into the street. DSility, feitr,
police-constable 24 C, in a state of in sensi it los jive 00.1
expeditiously to the above hospital, whel. tilvrefi
her injuries consisted of a fracture of bet° •
ithotig
tp
the spine, and extensive internal injuries-
geons of the hospital had no hope of her rui, btLA,
her every attention their skill could suggehog
gradually sinking, and died on Tuesdayery

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