The Sun.
London, England, 1850-06-19 00:00:00

Otrielli

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, JUNE .19, :1850.:7,

The adjourned debate on the Bill for the abolition
of the Lord-Lieutenancy of Ireland, and the appoint-
ment of-a fourth Secretary of State, was on Monday
night resumed and brought to a conclusion. The prin-
ciple of the measure, or rather the two principles
which were perfectly distinct from each other, were
affirmed by an overwhelming majority, such as has
rarely been witnessed on any disputed point of do-
mestic Policy. No less than 365 Members attended
in their places to record their votes on these important
subjects, of wham only seventy voted against the second
reading, whilel29s affirmed the propriety and expe-
diency of the changes, thus leaving a clear majority
Of no less than 225 on the question.
We are by no means astonished at this result. If
ever satisfactory and unanswerable reasons were as-
signed for any important alteration, it was for the
. changes contemplated by the present Bill. All the
causes which led to - the maintenance of the office
on the passing of the Act of Union •had
ceased to exist. The state of our relations
with foreign powers do not require that
a person should be resident in Ireland, with ample
authority to adopt steps that might be required for
the protection of the soil and the security of the na-
tional defences. The minds of the Irish people are
happilymore tranquil than they have been for a long
time past. There has been almost a cessation of po-
litical agitation and of agrarian outrage, and the in-
tercommunication is so certain and expedi-
tious' between the capitals, that there is no
pretext for saying that' there is any advantage
to be derived from the pre'senee of a local functionary ;
I indeed the existence of such an officer retarded in place
of expediting the decisions on Irish affairs. Although
nominally entrusted with separate authority, he was
bound to receive instructions from the Home Depart -
ment, and no matter of any importance was decided
on without a correspondence being carried on be-
tween the Castle and Downicg-s:ree-: In place
lof a direct communication with the Secretary
of State, and an immediate answer being returned,
' as, is the case on any matter relating to
remote districts in England or Scotland, the applica-
tion from a provincial town in Ireland was required
to be 'seat to.. the Under-Secretary . for Ireland;
by him it was laid before the Lord-Lieutenant, who,
in place of giving an immediate decWon, was obliged
to -ccinsult the real 'Chief Governor of Ireland, the
Home Secretary, and •• in case of any difference of
opinion or misunderstanding a voluminous corre-
spondence'. took_,, place, while the applicants for
advice or assistance remained unnoticed and
unanswered.- The country was, in fact, placed under
a divided authortty, and endured all the inconve-
niences, resulting from such a position.
The Irish Viceroy is no longer useful even for the
rather equivocal' and undignified purpose of mediat-
ing between the Government and those who arranged
the representation of the country,' and whose " most
sweet voices" were essential to the Minister of the
day. All that, however, is changed. As the Right
Hon. Gentleman the Member for Dungarvan truly
remarked, " the power has been transferred
from the favoured and manageable few to
the multifarious and unmanageable• many."
The dispensation of patronage, the distribution of the
"loaves and fishes," which it formerly required a-
representative of the SOVEREIGN to arrange, is now
quietly settled through the intervention of the Minis-
terial whipper-in, and a word or smile from the
" patronage Secretary of the Treasury" is considered
a sufficient substitute for Viceregal festivities and
courtly amenities. The substance is now re.
garded in place of the shadow ; and Castle in-
fluence is scarcely sufficient to turn the scale at a
single election, or to decide the vote of a wavering
Member on any question of the most trivial im-
portance.

The only persons who might possibly have some
reason to regret the change are the shopkeepers and
lodging-house keepers of the city of Dublin. They
may possibly fancy that there is less activity for a
short time. But how will that be altered when our
Most Gracious QUEEN in person visits her western
dominions, to receive the affectionate homage, the
Cead mille failthe, which the loyalty and
devotion of her Irish subjects offers for
her acceptance. A single 'week which wit
nessed the presence of royalty on Cork-hill, or
at "the lodge" in the Phcenix-park, were worth whole
years of
etuheuedisetadinuLethl„epageantr the spurious gentility
`hat a u
(17
" glittering superfluity," the
grantin
, as the mock court has been cor-
rectly termed.
leetheat
hpublin was in some But, even
whence was the
de-
gree benefited by
assertedges to be expended
was n
Court? Did the Lord-
wealth derived that
by the habitués of the Irish
rank from England or
coafpital into the country,
Lieutenancy attract strangers
the continent ? Did it bring
tJ be applied in the reclamation of the waste lands,
or the development of the natural capabilities ofth
island—capabilities which are so loudly extolled and
so utterly neglected ? Alas, no ! The most strenuous
advocates of the system could not venture to put for-
ward an assertion so totally unfounded in fact. What-
ever money may be expended in the Irish metro-
polis in consequence of the Viceregal festivities is
drawn from the provinces—from the poverty-stricken
districts 'where the landlord should expend his money
among his own tenants and on his own estate.
It is abstracted from the cultivation of the soil, that
the owner may " make a figure" at the Castle, and
promote the interest of his song, " the:counsellor"
and "the doctor," or ask for a Government living for
" the young parson." For the same causes
" distresses" for rent are put in, and
the miserable: occupiers driven from their wretched
holdings) and, more than that, mortgages

~_.

LONDON,

are executed and judgments confessed, and
the Commission for the sale of encumbered es-
tates has been rendered a sad necessity. We can
easily understand the Members for Dublin voting
against the measure, or even the Hon. Member for
Meath, when he finds that his suburban heritage at
" Coldblow-lane" can no longer grow cabbages or
manufacture voters; hut how other Hon. Gentlemen,
whose properties and residences are in the
provinces, can desire to injure themselves en-
tirely passes our comprehension. Whatever
opposition may be offered is, however, of but little
importance. The division of last night shows that
the success of the measure is certain, that the days of
the Irish Viceroyalty are numbered, and that it will
speedily be reckoned among " the things that have
been."

The report of the C3mmittee of the House of
Lords on the sale of beer exhibits in a broad light
that ignorance of the habits and the feelings of the
industrious classes of the community, that proneness
for mischievous meddling with their amusements,
that supercilious assumption of intellectual and moral
superiority over them, that contemptuous air of
protection, and that disgustingly hypocritical
" holier-than-thou" spirit, which unfortunately
characterises too many of the proceedings of their
Lordships in regard to those who are not mere

"Fruges consumere nati."

In one portion of their report their Lordships
speak of beer-shop keepers " as resorting to practices
for the purpose of attracting custom which are de-
grading to their own character and most injurious to
morality and order." Are the beer-shop keepers the
only persons who do these things ?

"Mutate =nine de to fabula narratur."

Have their Lordships never beard of club-houses, or
of hotels, frequented exclusively by the aristocracy,
in which practices are resorted to for attracting cus-
tom which are as degrading and as injurious to
morality and order as can by any posssibility
be the practices resorted to at beer-shops ?
And yet their Lordships take no pains to
inquire into the character of the proceedings
there conducted ; their Lordships, who are in an ecstacy
of horror at the idea of a scheme for the destruction
of a hare concocted in a beer-shop, regard with the
greatest complacency a conspiracy for the seduction
of an innocent girl concocted in a club-house, and
while indignantly eloquent on the iniquity of skittles,
lend their countenance and support to rouge et noir
and chicken-hazard—

" Through ragged clothes small vices do appear,
- Robes and turred gowns bide all."

Pathetically do their Lordships complain of that
" evil most difficult to deal with, the
absence of all control over beer-houses save by legal
conviction "—(surely their Lordship would not have
beershop-keepers treated illegally)—forgetting that
the same cOmplaint may be made with' regard to
common gambling-houses, superadded to which the
difficulties thrown in the way of obtaining such con-
victions are almost insuperable ; but hazard is one of
the amusements of the aristocracy, and is therefore
not vicious, like skittles—upon the same principle that
steeple-chasing is not cruel, while donkey-racing is.
The remedy suggested for the evils com-
plained of is, to place all beer-shops under
the control of the unpaid magistracy a
plan against which we strenuously protest. We
have no great love for unpaid services, in fact,
properly speaking, they have no existence ;if the
person rendering them is not paid in malt he is paid
in meal, and the " great unpaid" acquire from their,
status an influence which is too frequently abused to
serve private and political purposes. The remedy
proposed would only go to increase the monopoly in
which, and in which alone, the evils complained
of originate. The present exorbitant price of
beer is a proof of the stringent nature
of this monopoly. Beer is now, in 1850, at the same
price, with barley at 225. a quarter, that it was in
1847, with barley at 575. Let the beer trade be
thrown open, and competition will cure the evil.
At present, a poor man wanting beer is compelled to
deal at certain houses, and is forced to mix with
whatever company may resort to those houses. Give
him the opportunity of exercising a choice ; let him
have the option of purchasing a wholesome article at
a reasonable rate, and of consuming it in a respectable
house, insteadof forcing him, as at present, to purchase
it after a particular fashion and at a particular place
and we shall find that those places now complained of
as the resort of bad characters will be deserted by all
but bad characters ; their custom is not sufficiently
safe or steady to induce a beershop-keeper to keep
open his house exclusively for their accommodation,
and the closing of such houses would be the conse-
quence. Free trade in beer is the true remedy for
all those evils which have originated solely and exclu-
sively in monopoly.

It appears that the Government, in its proceedings
with regard to the Post-office delivery on Sunday,
has been actuated by a paltry feeling of spite. In the
course of the discussion on Mr. FORSTER'S motion,
last night, the object of which was to authorise the
delivery and transmission of letters on Sundays by
private conveyance, Lord JOHN RUSSELL declared,
" although he thought it his duty to advise the Crown
to comply with the address of the House, which was
founded on numerous petitions signed by nearly
700,000 persons, and which was declared to be the
wish of the-House, not only by Hon. Members who
were present and voted for it, but by the voluntary
absence of a great number of Hon. Members who
declined to vote against the proposition, he certainly
could not share in the opinion that it was advisable."
This certainly is one of the most extraordinary admis-
sions ever yet made by a Minister of the Crown.
He advises his SOVEREIGN to do that which he deems
not advisable, because certain of his supporters choose
to be absent on the course at Epsous instead of at-
tending to their duties in the House of Commons.
Surely this question of Post-office Sunday delivery
is to the full as important as the question of the
African blockade, and -yet on that question there
was none of the mealy-mouthed truckling which
has been exhibited by the Ministers to the Sabba-
tarians; but, on that occasion, the persons coerced
and bullied by the Minister were his friends
and supporters, whereas the Sabbatarians are
almost to a man his political enemies ; and it
is to oblige those who would, if they could, eject
him from office to-morrow, that Lord Joan RUSSELL
has advised his SOVEREIGN to do that which he does
not himself deem advisable. It might have been
imagined the, inasmuch as the Government refuses
to convey letters on a Sunday, the right of private
persons to do for themselves that which the Govern-
ment refuses to dofur them would revive. We entirely
agree in opinion with Colonel THOMPSON, who
thought, in a case of this kind, that the Government
ought either to do the people's business for them, or
to allow them to do it themselves; but Lord JOHN
RUSSELL would not agree to the motion. The Noble
Lord thought " that if letters were to be conveyed
on Sunday, it would be far better to restore the state
of things that existed before the resolution of the
Noble Lord (AsHLEY)." Then, why in the name of
common sense does not Lord Joux RUSSELL restore
the state of things that existed before the re-
solution ? Why does he not afford the House
the opportunity for reconsidering the reso-
lution, which is so ardently desired by
Mr. AGLIONBY and the other Members who took
part in thhas, withediscusshioisn? The
in
fey Chancellor
bu r
toefd the
out
the
Ex-
chequer
true cause. " The Government," said that most
usual
acute of tacticians, " are not so much concerned
in the matter as the public," and therefore the public
convenience and interest are to be sacrificed. The
Government has always hitherto been looked upon
as the especial guardian of the rights and conve-
niences of the great body of the public, and trust-
ing to that guardianship, the great body of the
public has abstained from interfering in politics ;
but henceforth they cannot trust, it would seem, to
such guardianship, but must actively interfere in
every case in which the sacrifice of their interests
will not be accompanied by inconvenience to the
Government. The Government by their conduct in
regard to this question are holding out a premium to
agitation.

POPULATION OF CUBA.—An American authority
gives the following classification of the population of Cuba in
1850: Creole whites, 520,000; Spaniards, 35,000 ; troops
and marines, 23,00; foreigners, 10,560; floating population,
17,090—total of the white population, 605,560. Free mu-
lattoes, 118,200 ; free blacks, 87,370; slave mulattoes, 11,100;
black ditto, 425,000—total coloured population, 1141,670.
Grand total of the entire populatim 1,247,280.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.
CITY, TW 0 O'CLOCK.
The sales of Cotton at Liverpool yesterday were esti-
mated at 4,000 bales, of which 800 were taken for ex-
port. The market closed steadily at previous rates.—
In Railway Shares very little business was done without
alteration in prices.

In the Amsterdam market on the 17th instant, the
home Funds were better, the Dutch Two-and-a-Half per
Cents, being 56 15-16 to 57. At Frankfort on the 15th
inst. Austrian Metallics were 78g.
The letters by the Severn steamer were delivered yea-
terday afternoon, and a careful perusal of several state-
ments concerning the weather justifies the assertion
that it had been much too dry, although immediately
before the packet left there was a decided change.
Whether they will be sufficiently early to produce the
same effect as usually results from the May seasons,
is perhaps questionable. The heat in Bsrbadoes was
greater than had been known for years. A great
want of shipping was experienced in Car-
lisle Bay, and the stores were filled with sugar,
with scarcely any vessels to take it off. Many ships
were anxiously expected, and for which cargoes were
waiting. Trade in most of the islands continued dull.
Jamaica was healthy.
A matter of great importance, should it turn out true
to the full extent, is the discovery of a gold district near
Angostura, a town of Columbia in the province of Car-
thagena, South America, on the Magdalena, at the influx
of the Nures, 110 miles N. by W. of Bogota,
and 300 miles south of Carthagena. The par-
ticular locality is described as being the Yurnary
river in the province of Tupuqutn, where a
gentleman named Monasterio had collected a
large amount. A vessel bad been put up at Trinidad by
an enterprising firm, with the view of conveying pas-
sengers to the land of promise, but private accounts
inculcate the necessity of caution, and while not doubt-
ing that great metallic treasure exists, it is plainly in-
timated that there is danger from the Indians, who are
rather hostile in the country indicated. It is mentioned
also that there was some doubt whether the Venezuela
Government would allow adventurers of ail nations to
engage indiscriminately in the collection of the ore.
The Royal British Bank monthly return, published
in last night's Gazette, gives the assets at 323,074 L, in-
cluding preliminary expenses, cash credit, securities,
convertible securities with promissory notes, bills of ex-
change discounted, and cash. The liabilities comprise
100,000/. of capital stock, and 223,074/. of deposits and
other liabilities.
The liabilities of the Oriental Bank on the Ist of June
instant, according to the gazettetl return, were 754,725/.
for capital and reserve fund, 520,1361. for deposits and
circulation, 773,1891, for drafts issued, 24,001/. for
balance of profit and loss, and 7,831/. for the contingent
fund.

The case of the Royal Bank of Australia now winding
up in Chancery shows how urgent is the need of strin-
gent control in such cases by the shareholders. One
party, has appropriated a large amount of the capital to
his own use in building a town in Australia.
Sir E. W. Read, Lieutenant• Governor of New Bruns-
wick, has authorised the introduction into that province,
of the following articles, duty free, from Canada, Nova
Scotia, Prince Edward's Island, and Newfoundland,
" being the growth, production, or manufacture" of those
places:—
" Grain and bread-stuffs of all kinds, vegetables,
fruits, seeds,
hay and straw, animals
meats, butter, cheese, lard, tall"?' hi salted and fresh
hides, horns, wool,
undressed skins and fare of all kinds, ores of all kinds,
iron in pigs and blooms, copper, lead in pigs, grindstones
and stones of all kinds, earth, coals, lime, ochres, timber
and lumber of all kinds, fire and wood ashes,fish and
fish oil, viz., train oil, spermaceti oil, head matter and.
blubber, fins, and skins."
In the Court of Exchequer recently the Court gave
judgment in the case of Ambergate Company v.
Couthar, wherein the defendant was sued for non-pay-
ment of calls, including the first instalment of the last
call due to 6th of April, the second instalment of which
was not then due, and substantially decided that when a
railway company is empowered to make " a call" for a
specific sum, it cannot require payment in parts, at dif-
ferent times, as this would be making " calls," and not
" one call." The rule to reduce the damages assessed in
an action to recover the calls by striking out the amount
of the second instalment was made absolute. The ope-
ration of this judgment will remove considerable grounds
of complaint on the part of shareholders, who have here-
tofore, when a company has thought fit to make a call,
by one or more instalnarmts, the last frequently falling
due many months after the first, been obliged to pay up
every instalment long before due, before a transfer of
their shares could be effected.

We are advised by the Committee of Mexican Bond-
holders that the shipment of, specie per Royal Mail
steamer Severn was according to letters of May 16,
from Vera Cruz, 49,727 dollars 57 cents. The amount
pending for account of the bondhoLiers at Vera Crus
was nt this date specified about 158,822 dollars.
We understand that there has been within the last
few months so great an improvement in the Sambre and
Meuse Railway, that at the half-yearly meeting, to be
held in three weeks, the direCtors will be enabled to au-
nounce a very considerable surplus, available now or
hereafter as may be agreed, for the benefit of the share-
holders, after paying all working expenses and interest
on debentures. The increase in the traffic, though the
worst half-year, is nearly 40 per cent. over the last and
best half-year.
There has been an improving and a buoyant market
for Public Securities until within tho last half-year, and
the effect of the Ministerial majority in Parliament is
quite powerless in producing a tall. Consuls have been
951 to 96, but are now 954 1 upon a rumour that Lord
John Russell has resigned. The New Three-and-a-
Quarter per Cents. have realied 98 to 984, and the
Three per Cents. 964 to 964. B ink Stock is at 208.
Exchequer-bills have peen quoted 675. to 70s. preen.
The Foreign Market is not generally active, but
Mexican has been dealt in to some extent, and has
fluctuated considerably, viz., from 301 to 29a. Peruvian
Bonds are 774 to 73. Brazil Stock is wortu 87 to 89.
Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents. have been done at
57/. Spanish Five per Cents, have realised 174, and the
Three per Cents. are nominally 384 to 4, Portuguese
Four per Cents. have been about 34 to 35.
Railway Shares have been firm but dull.
The South Devon Railway Company are experiencing
a great increase in their traffic, the weekly return to
last Saturday giving the amount at 2,1601. This, it Is
said, has induced some of the largest proprietors of the
old shares to prepare a scheme fir making an arrange-
ment with the holders of the preference stock, in terms
of which both classes of shareholders would receive a
dividend, by ranking the nine years' preference shares
according to their relative value with the orignal stock,
and it is said that 384 would be about a fair estimate.
QUARTER TO THREE.
... shut.
... 95196 cx. d.

Consols ...
Ditto Account
••

ONE
PRICES OF BRITISHFUNDS O'CLOCK. PRICES. CLOSING
i!anlc :''tcck
4 . is, Cent. Reduced Ar, ns ... 9614 %A Vs 96%
'dew 314 per Cent. Anns. ..... - ..... . 98 98 qq, 98%
ii.ong Anns. to expire Jan.lB6o 8 3-16 8 3 -16
'ndia Bonds, I,OOOL .... ..... .
Ditto under 1,0001....... • - .....
lonsols for Account 95% 96 95% 96
schoquer Bills. 114 d. hi zo
1,0001. June ..... -........
ONE CLOsING
PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS. O'CLOCK. PRICES.
Cnilian Bonds 6 per Cent
Danish Bonds, 1525,3 per Cent
Ditto 5 per Cent.
Grenada Bonds, 1% per Cent IBN3/4 1834
Ditto, Deferred
Mexican, 5 per Cent.lB46, with Coupons—
Ditto, Ex Jan. Coupons ....,
Ditto, Account 3OX 29% 80
Peruvian Bonds, 414 per Cent 7B 7714 7714
Ditto Deferred
nussian Bonds
14 par Cent
Ditto, 4
9714 97 97
Ditto, Small
Ditto Scrip ....... 444 p 414 p
Bpanieh 5 per Cont. 1840 ............ 171,4 1714
Ditto, Account -1734
Ditto, Passive —3%
Ditto. 3 per Cent
Dividends on the above payable in London.
Dutch 214 per Cent., 12 Guild. .. 57% 57
Ditto, i per Cent. Certiiiiiates 871,1 87:87 87 %
Ditto, Account

VRECES OF
RAILWAY KURE&
9%
,borileen ... 50
8%
Caledonian
9 (,4 Chester and Holyhead... 50
e eat Anglian, 25/., L. &
-....
E. and L. and D..... 25
PAID' AliTusolwl.ttk:6o°-"CDLOONCKE. ePlitliElis6
1%
Do., 3/. 103., Pref... 31/4 I%
7%
~.astern Counties...
Do., New Pref.rence,
6 per Cent........... 10
East Lancashire . . .... ... 25
t4reat Northern
..... . .. 24 - .•103/4
Do., %A Deferred ... 121,4....- 3% 3%
D 0.,,/ B 6 per Cent... 11% 77§
...
..
Do., 5 per Cent. Pref. 12%. ..... 1074 10%
:treat Western ............ 100 ...... 69 5914 ... 6914
Ditto, New 171........ 15 .- -.. 7% ...... dire •• 7%
Hull and Selby .. ...... 50
.......• - ' ••• ••••
LaDnciasttot,erHaanldf Schararuslese...4: 2505 ............
!..8 ... 48
..-
Ditto, Thirds
Lancashire& Yorkshire 100
Do. Fifths.... ........ „. 11 .
Do. Thirds ......... ..... 18
Do. (W. Riding Union) 11% ...... 314 3%
94%
Leeds and Bradford 5O .. . ... 94%
Lon lon, Brighton, and
South Coast... .....100 ...... 831:1 8314
London and N. Western 100 ,
..... .109 1/4 '3/4
Ditto, New Quarters 12 ...... 12%34-
London &S.Wiistern _IOO
Do, New 501..
....... 421/4 ...... 23 ... ...
61 tnche.ter,Buxton,and
mßtlock ...... - .......... 614 ...... 34
Midland 100 . 373/0,11
•. ................
•..••
D*.. 50/. Sham
Norfolk ..- p,.,...100 ......
Do. Ext. Guar. sp. et. 20 ...... 18„ ,
North British
~....... 25 ...... 5-Ye A
North Staffordshire ... 171...... '.7
Reading, Guildford, and
Reigate ............... 20 ..... 1111 1514
Royston and Hitchin ... 41,4.. •••
15% —7,
NI 18
--
Do. Shepreth Eaten .
......
South "'astern
South Wales - .......... 47 ...... 19% 19%
York, Newcastle, and
Eaten.
Berwick. .... ............. 25
41 4
Do.o. G.N.le. Preference Newcastle
208 .:...: 103 1/4 3
. ....... .
... •.•. 101,4
103
York and North Midland 50
L., ft., Preference ...... 10 ......
FOREIGN RAIL WA Yfl.
Sambre and Meuse 2O .....
..,%.• ..
.......
Do.
MINES.
Santiago de Cuba.. IC ...... .i
United Mexican 2814

(t
37 1,4
4

18'
7 714

LONDONDERRY, JUNE 17.—Arrd. Albion,
Liverpool and America.