The Sun.
London, England, 1868-09-12 00:00:00

• .
• •
SATURDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER
re El E SUN, LONDON,I2, 1868.
CORRESPONDENCE PROM PARIS:
. _
-.:......--- - • • --,--,------...-------------- - ,1wmr•••••mm0.a...............•rb•••••••...0.mamm•Mm.
W'MO S E S and- SON, I LIFEBOAT SERVICES.---During the Storms of tress to be dealt with by the poor rates, and it the East they will come into collision somehoW or ~ THE WEATHER TABLE.—THI,S DAY.
tho past year the National Lifeboat Institution con-
- • is only to be hoped that next winter there will be other. That this will be a result unfavourable to
tributod to the saving of 1,086 lives from various ship-
wrecks and 36 vessels from destruction. The Institution more unity and method in the distribution of the interests of Europe cannot be denied,. espe- (Fitolff OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) METEOROLOGICAL =ran.
1.1 EItCHANI"FAILORS and OUTFITTERS. also expended £31,845 in the same period on its Lifeboat
1/1_ Establishments, in addition to granting £3,189 for rewards, charitable funds. One very practical method of cially at the present time, but the pro- PARIS, FRIDAY, September 11. Extreme Sea
The Committee of the Institution earnestly appeal to the relieving the excessive destitution of parishes like bability is in that direction. The party of peace The arrival of the Queen yesterday morning was marked
by as little ceremony as the occasion of her Majesty's t... 0
B. T. I ~' '''• W. 1.1vt.0 F D. WR. to
public for assistance to enable them to meet the continued
assembled for
a t
the A
stationcr owd o
inf some
the '32r. '4B 43 E. 1 1 W.N.W.' o.c. OT9 2
Is' rzi
, _
11 OR ALL CLASSES. heavy demands on their 187 Lifeboat Establishments. Bethnal-green and Spitalfields would be the equali- in Berlin has for some time past endeavoured to
that all bitterness of feeling was allayed, short stay whilst en route --
Contributions will be thankfully received by the London represent
tion of the poor rate all over London. The strug-
__proportions, however,:2Br. 45 42 N. 1 1 N.E.I 0.c.1 - 2
, m-m and country bankers, and by the Secretar Richard Lewis,Lewis
and that the indignation experienced in Paris, at •
evening,
Cherbourg. and her Majesty was cheered as she left for p.NeSbiSa:Bririlt:aidt7emdle2n7.. 7-303
30 28r, 49 44 E.N.E. 4 2 E. 1 o.c. 0•06 T
N. CE L I_, EN C E WITH CHEAPNESS.
Esq., at the Institution, 14, John-street, Adelphi, London. gling ratepayers Shields
E - of the eastern parishes would be
the time of the war in,' Gerroauy, was allayed; but Scarborough 30'17r. 52 51 E.N.E. 6 1 S.S.E. ex* 015, 4
Yarmouth 301,6r. 61 58 N.E. 5 5 N.E. c.o• - 1
JEWELS, Gold and Silver Watches, Silver Plate, Plated eased of a weighty burden, while the pauperism of
there was no real foundation for the assertions made, Helder - - - - - _ - _ ....
pHICES BASED ON READY -MONEY Ware, ecc. the district would be less sternly ground down.
and a little experience will soon show that there is termination. to-day there 'was no improvement
30'20['. 55 5562 485
I,: V.
1.,:. 46
54 NN. E.. , 00. e. 10(6 '
_:
The Bourse still preserves its lethargic aspect. .At its cuxhaven - - - - - - - - - -
Skudesmes
SYSTEM. . TWO DAYS' SALE. Again, the dwellers of the West-end would know y
"A__:-----_
anything but a friendly feeling prevailing between though the pomp and circumstance of the rumours ofn-
-I`l EE ADVAN ['AGES of the READY-MONEY NIESSRS. DEBENHAM, STORR, and SONS GreencastleArdros s
Riovleyrhproell .. 33nT'r: 57 555 E.N.E.!I. I. N.N.E., 111.0
will SELL by AUCTION, at theirßooms,King-• that there was no more reason to stint the recipient war have in some measure diminished. There is a time S.F.S .b.o. - 1
1 SYSTEM cannot be better expressed than in the following -1- •
street, Covent-garden, on TUESDAY, September 15, and parish relief at Whitechapel than at IVhite- the two countries. At any rate, with one thing and Valentia.... 30•025. 56 54 N.N.E. 4 S N.E. iLo.f o'2o 4
extract from 9. leading article in the " Times:"- of par when the weariness of fruitless rumours becomes felt cape Clear.. 29'3. 57 50 E.N.E. 4 4 N.E. 1 r.c. o'o7 2
Everybody knows the difference between a credit and a following day, at 11, fashionable JEWELLERY, set withßoche's rt. 29:96f 59 57 E.N.E. 3 4 E.S.•' c. o'2o' 2
realy-money business It is this partly which affords one tailor precious stones, gold and silver watches, clocks, plate, hall, and therefore would feel less appre-even in Paris, and on thisprinciple the journalsappear
another, a coolness prevails between Russia . - 2
the excuse fur charging .£7 is. for a coat while another will plated items, dressing-cases, and other EFFECTS, being , •
nension of cases of neglect or parochial and the Cabinet of Berlin. The Berlin Post .
to be taking a, holiday to-day. The Constitutionnel con.- Plymouth .. 29 50f. 60 57 E. 7 3 E.S.E. b. - 4
charge .£4 4s. ..It is true that every tradesman ought to
forfeited property pledged in months of January, Feb- tams nothing of importance-merely an article to slier" Po'eksnii,7o"ll r:914: ;:l 13 I E.N.E.'S E.N.E.c' - 3
N. 5 2 S. c. - 4
abate his charges to customers who pay him punctually. Still
‘l-v., know how in this particular we all suffer for a few Jelin- ruary, March, April, May, June, July, August, Sep- parsimony. A wise liberality in a temporary crisis has taken up the question at length, and that the reduction recently made in the Prussi •an army toy &-
London .... 29:99r. 61 57 E.N. E. 2 3 E.N.E. b.oc - -
peGris Nei 20't,6f. 159 57 E.N.E. 5 5 E.N.E. c.f. - 4
tember, October, November, and December, being months .
quents." might often prove an eventual gain to the parish quotes from the Moscow Gazette to show that is not really a reduction of .-- 'rs 61 EN E 3 4 N.N.
prior to October, 1867 (under the Act of Parliament), with
. l iiii.,o: .t 4 62 L.N.E. • 4 4 S.IV: c.• -=
--
1-41-., GOODS MARKED in PLALN FIGURES the follow:lig pawnbrokers, viz :-.Messrs. Attenborougb, funds. If timely aid were given to the disabled there is a good deal of strategy in the Russian po- 'rhe proceedings of the diplomatists at Paris are itpclicfurt• .. 2:75f. .66 62 S. 5 4 W.S.W. b.t. - 1
'1: Fleet-street, and others, and goods deposited with them as • , • the reverse of warlike. All those who have not already Biarritzco r,
ii
,i
ia ::: : 1 2071 f. CS 61 IY. 3 -_-_ _ 1. _ 2
.1. - hey just now. The Muscovite journal speaks out - - - -
departed are preparing to start : the Marquis de Moustier Brussels .... - -- - - - - - -- -
other effects.-On view.
--L-1 MOSES and SON. • established, and the pauperism of the family very plainly on thesubject, and declares that Russia was to have left Paris last night, and Prince Metternich Strasbourg.. eurg .. •:-- 7: .7 = = 1- 1-
r. 4 • - alewski has Toulon 29.£3f. • :::: 29-.C3f. 70- 7-0. E.K.E. -1
-1
S.-1-V. c-.b. =-2
i , ~....1:". ,), Heart's Con-
gone on. a. German. tour. Herr von der Ileydt, the Prus- tent (6 a.m.)
-DDRESSEi BELOW. A......v.7
,:-1k44-47;`• -2A-Nr
.-
Stilt family or individual drops from the ranks of Indus- does not wish that France should be injured in any
IV. trial labour into the vast army of pauperism, and way, and, therefore, one may readily draw the in-
s slan Minister of Finance, has also left Paris. Everything local time) 10'580. 55 54 S.W. 1 1 'W.N.W. o. - l
i',--e-.-e•t-,, -"` 7; is peace, except at the camp of Chalons. All
things con- EXMANATION.
EXCELLENCE WITH CHEAPNESS,
VMOSES and SON, Ready-made and Bespoke --- forced to consider the immediate outlay of pence is the preferable one. Amid the confusing " bears" on the Bourse notwithstanding. 1%, rising; L. falling; s., steady-indicate direction of motion of the
,4 • Tailors, Habit Makers, Woollen Drapers, Hatters, LOIV DON, SAI URDAY, SEPT. 12, 1868. Lord Lyons has spent two days at the camp of Chalons. mercury within last 14 hours. Theimometer exposed in shade.
ifo,iers, Boot and Shoe 3lanufacturers, and Genera Outfitters *S. before the possible saving of pounds we should aspect of things, it .may be here sug- Extreme Force with tie Direction during last 21 hours. Z.-calm.
for all Classes. It seems that the doings of the French army arc the subject Weather : b.-blue sky •c - loude. detached ; L-fog ; h.-hail;
Every article the best of its kind in Material, Style, and Mr. AYRTON met a. crowded assembly yesterday find a different method adopted even on economical gested that had France and Prussia been more of general interest, for a large number of officers of all I.—lightning • . *c
. m.—misty, hazy :0.-overcast, dull; r.--rain;s.-snow;
Workmanship• for the purpose of explaining his views on various grounds. If Mr. HARDY caa complete his work by scrupulous in their course of action of late years, it nations, including even some representatives of Peru, have t.-thunder. Itain-fall, snow or hail (melted) during last 24 hours.
For JC;ENILE.S there is a distinct department, containing an
unequalled assortment of Clothing for every occasion. The subjects, and began by declaring his preference for obtaining the equalization of the poor rate he will would be more a matter of indifference to them witnessed the manoeuvres. Sea disturbance.
REMARKS.
most Fashionable Styles are combined with the best Materials The Var election will be decided in a day or two, The
an I Workmanship. public over private canvass, which latter he be- have done the public good service. what line Russia took ; but the one has pursued a Barometrical pressure has increased
in the N., but decreased in the
nearer the approach of the decisive hour, the greater does S. during the last twenty-four hours. It continues high in northern
_ . _

the East they will come into collision somehow or
other. That this will be a result unfavourable to
the interests of Europe cannot be denied,. espe-
cially at the present time, but the pro-
bability is in that direction. The party of peace
in Berlin has for some time past endeavoured to
represent that all bitterness of feeling was allayed,
and that the indignation experienced in Paris, at
the time of the war inf2Gerroany, was allayed; but
there was no real foundation for the assertions made,
and a little experience will soon show that there is
anything but a friendly feeling prevailing between
the two countries. At any rate, with one thing and
another, a coolness prevails between Russia
and the Cabinet of Berlin. The Berlin Post
has taken up the question at length, and
quotes from the Moscow Gazette to show that
there is a good deal of strategy in the Russian po-
licy just now. The Muscovite journal speaks out
very plainly on the subject, and declares that Russia
does not desire to see Prussia enlarged. The CZAR
does not with that France should be injured in any
way, and, therefore, one may readily draw the in-
ference from all this that the alliance with Paris
is the preferable one. Amid the confusing
aspect of things, it •may be here sug-
gested that had France and Prussia been more
scrupulous in their course of action of late years, it
would be more a matter of indifference to them
what line Russia took; but the oue has pursued a
policy of such reckless encroachment, and the other
too tamely looked on meanwhile, that they have
lost a good deal of the moral weight they once pos-
sessed in the councils of Europe. How can they
say, " Thus far thou shalt go, but no further," in
the one case, when one neglected to give the warn-
ing and the other violated the principle in the re-
cent wars that took place.

Every article the best of its kind in Material, Style, and
Workmanship.
For JC ‘TENILES there is a distinct department, containing an
unequalled assortment of Clothing for every occasion. The
most. Fashionable Styles are combined with the best Materials
an I Workmanship.
List of Prices, with rates of self-measurement, Patterns and
Fashion-sheet, gratis ant post-Irce
Every article is marked the lowest price in plain figures, from
which no abatement can he made.
Any article not approved of will be exchanged, or,the money
will be returned.
./C. MOSES and SON'S Establishments are Closed every
Friday Evening at sunset till Saturday Evening at sunset, when
business is resumed till 11 o'clock.
The following are the London adiresses of E MOSES and
SON:—

Mr. AYRTON met a crowded assembly yesterday
for the purpose of explaining his views on various
subjects, and began by declaring his preference for
public over private canvass, which latter he be-
lieved was " fraught with a good deal of mischief,
and, what was worse, political dishonesty." For the
matter of that it may be said that there is as much
danger in one practice as another, because men
may say what they do not mean, and promise what
they know they cannot perform in order to gain the
point immediately in view ; still there are some
advantages in public meetings over private
arrangements. In order to give these a fullchance,
it may be premised that there should be fair-play
everywhere, and the system now too much in vogue
should be discontinued of causing interruption and
making disturbances, whereby all sides cannot be
properly heard and understood. It is no credit to
any cause that its advocates cannot and will not
allow its merits to be questioned, and it lowers poli-
tical meetings for such disorderly conduct to prevail.
Only the evening before, when Mr. COOPE endea-
voured to address a meeting, the proceedings were
so " riotous" that he was scarcely heard. Mr.
AYRTON, however, had contrived to understand
enough of what his opponent said to enable him to
criticise his remarks. The hon. member's observa-
tions about Reform were amusing and rather ori-
ginal, notwithstanding all that has been said on
that Subject. He declared that the present Govern-
ment had done nothing in that respect which entitled
them to thanks. In fact, the Conservatives had
done what they had because circumstances com-
pelled them to adopt such a course, " therefore they
were not entitled to that credit which was given
to public men who spontaneously did a great work
for the benefit of the people." This is a most dis-
ingenuous way of putting the matter, and we
wonder how Mr. AYRTON can have the face to say
that the Liberal party set an example of being
" spontaneous," when they spent fifteen years in
quarrelling over the matter, and only united in one
point, that their opponents should not do the work
they were themselves manifestly unable to perform.
We have not yet finished ➢lr. AYRTON'S luminous
definition of the affair, and accordingly we hear
that the Conservatives have done the work of Re-
form badly and imperfectly, and are not deserving
of thanks. This is a very idle way of arguing, and
can hardly impress many minds by its cogency—
first, the Conservatives are obliged to do such a
thing, and, next, when they did it they did it
badly. However, if they were compelled, and they
cln claim no credit, who compelled them?
Why were they more bound than others whose
peculiar province it more immediately seemed to
be ?

The Var election will be decided in a day or two. The
nearer the approach of the decisive hour, the greater does
the importance of this event appear. The question at issue
is not whether the Opposition shall gain one more victory, but
whether the principle of controlling the absolute government
which now exists is to be carried further. The election
of the Jura was an Opposition victory which has caused
All parties to use their utmost endeavours to ensure the
success or the defeat of M. Dufaure. If he be successful,
the election will do much to confirm the serious impression
produced by the Jura victory; if he be defeated, the unex-
pected return of M. Grevy will appear more in the light of
an accident. The return of M. Dufaure cannot but be
regarded by the French Government as a grave
occurrence. Indeed, the tone of the French press suffi-
ciently indicates the importance which is attached to this
event. Of course each party is confident of victory.
The telegraphic communication between Berlin and
Paris has been irregular and interrupted for some time
past. The Prussian Government has made inquiries into
the cause of this irregularity, and it has been discovered
that the accidents to the telegraph wires, of whatever
kind they may be, have been sustained on French territory.
" Of course," says one writer, "all this was by chance."

Barometrical pressure has increased in the N., but decreased in the
S. during the last twenty-four hours. It continues high in northern
districts : the least reported is from the W. coast of France, and a
difference of six-tenths of an inch is shewn between readings at
Nairn and Biarritz. Temperature is much lower on our N. and E.
coasts. Easterly winds—from N.E. to S.E.—of moderate force pre-
vailed yesterday over our islands. This morning a strong wind from the
eastward is reported at Holyhead and Plymouth : on other coasts the
wind, which is generally easterly, is moderate. Itain has fallen at
places in the N. and W. The weather is cloudy, and fog prevalla on
the west coast of France and at Valencia.

The arrival of the Cuba, from New York on the
2d ult., brings us intelligence of the continued dis-
turbances southwards. In most of the Southern
States the Legislatures are supporting the Gover-
nors in their endeavours to preserve order, and in
some parts this appears to be recognised as the first
necessity. The bodies of armed men who have
organised themselves in various districts throughout
the Southern States form a serious element of per-
plexity, and by common consent efforts are being
made to put them down. The Governor of South
Carolina has issued a circular against them ; the
Legislature of Georgia has passed a resolution
authorizing the Governor " to disband all organised
bodies of armed men throughout the State." In
Arkansas the disturbances assumed a serious aspect,
and fighting took place, the courts of law being closed.
The first accounts of these outbreaks weze much
exaggerated, and absolute annarchy was declared
to be established. This alarming statement was
luckily soon contradicted, and the next day's intel-
ligence was reassuring, the disturbances being
quelled. We can hardly hope to see thorough tran-
quillity restored until the elections are over,since the,
perpetual manceuvring and counter plottiugs keep
up that degree of irritation and excitement which is
most opposed to confidence and security. In
Louisiana the Senate has contrived to eject Mr.
JEWELL, a Democrat, and has admitted a negro in
his place. Such a proceeding as this, for instance,
must raise a great deal of angry feeling, and pre-
pares both blacks and whites for active collision.
The Republicans have been gaining the day at
Vermont, as we knew by the telegraph a few days
since. Their majority, it seems, was about 28,000,
being an increase of 8,000 on the Republican ma-
jority of last year. Public interest is now centred
on the Maine election, which is to come off on
Monday next. The Republicans will, it is believed,
win the actual election ; but much importance is
attached to the question whether they have gained
ground since last year. Mr. PENDLETON is still ex-
erting himself for the Democrats, while the candidates
of both sides, in compliance with the usual custom
of American politics, are keeping themselves in the
background. General GRANT, indeed, has visited
Chicago, where he met with an enthusiastic recep-
tion from his. own party, but otherwise we hear
comparatively little of the doings of the great men
of the future.

135, MINOTHES
1:;1, MLNORIES
157, MINOREES
83, ALDGATE
81, ALDUATE
85, ALDGATE
SG, ALDGATE
87, ALDGATE
88, ALDGATE
89, ALDGATE
506, NEW OXFORD-STREET
507, NEW OXFORD-STREET
y7k, NEW OXFORD-STREET
1, HART-STREET
2, HART-STREET
3, HART-STREET
137, TOTTENHAM-COURT-ROAD
118, TOTTENHAM-COURT-ROAD
283, EUSTON-ROAD.

General Prim has just addressed a letter to his friends
in Catalonia. The communication contains nothing very
definite, but recommends his compatriots to remain quiet
for the present, and before acting to prepare for success
by all the means in their power.
Londoners who pass over Waterloo Bridge are little
aware, we suspect, that they owe the imposition of the
halfpenny toll which they have to pay to the corruption
of a Cornish constituency. Such, however, the Daily
News tells us is the fact. "It happened that when
Waterloo Bridge was in process of construction, the chair-
man of the Waterloo Bridge committee was a certain Mr.
Henry Swa,n, or Swann. Mr. Henry Swann was at that time
member for Penryn, and one of his means of getting elected
for the borough and of securing his seat for it (which
he did at the expense of the late Dr. Lushington) was by
executing a contract for the stone of which Waterloo
Bridge is built, with certain influential electors of Penryn
who were possessed of quarries !" Contracts of this kind
are always costly, and the proprietors of the bridge had to
be reimbursed the extra outlay in which their chairman
had involved them for his personal advantage. Hence the
maintenance of the toll to this day, and all because the
electors of Penryn were venal. Ultimately this enter-
prising gentleman carried his bribery too far. He was
petitioned against in 1819 by his Liberal opponent, Mr.
Anderdon, and the facts being very flagrant, Mr. Swann
was reported against by a ecminittee of the House of Com-
mons, his seat was declared vacant, and he was orderel to
be prosecuted by the Attorney-General. Mr. Swanu was
tried at Bodmin at the next assizes, August 11, 1819.
The Government of the dey (Lord Liverpool's) did all
they could to assist him to get off. He made a striking
speech in his own defence, in which he declared
that as chairman of the Waterloo Bridge committee
he had caused £350,600 to be spent in Penryn. He
defended himself for having given a breakfast at which
from £5 to 225 was put into every elector's cup and
saucer. " Bribery," he ob,erved, " in the lump is nothing.
It is nothing to pay money into the Treasury, or to the
Secretary of the Treasury, to be paid over to the proprietor
or patron of a borough for a seat, but it is a monstrous
crime in these poor men to receive their £5 to 225 a man,
whilst noble and right honourable proprietors can sell
seats for £4,000 each." These arguments, however
excellent in themselves, did not weigh with a
Cornish jury. Mr. Swann was found " guilty."
What punishment he received history omits to state;
Eventually Penryn had a narrow escape from total disfran-
chisement. The corruption of this borough and of Fast
Retford became the subject of a memorable parliamentary
debate, which, more than anything else, led to the Reform
Bill of 1832. Lord Liverpool's Government refused to
transfer the representation from these rotten boroughs to
such places as Leeds, Manchester, and Birmingham.
Penryn was annexed to Falmouth, and East Retforl was
made what it now is, virtually a county constituency.
Of late years the joint borough of Falmouth and Penryn
has been laudably free from bribery.
There is also a story told of another Cornish borough—
Helston. In 1790 there was a petition against the two
sitting members, who were elected by the vote of a single
elector. He claimed to be the only duly qualified elector
under an ancient charter of Elizabeth. The decision,
however, after a very full argument, was against this
return. Quite recently, Helston has been again
before a parliamentary committee. In 1865 Mr. A.
Young carried the seat in the Liberal interest, but was
unseated for bribery. A very exciting contest followed,
between Mr. Robert Campbell, an Australian merchant,
and Mr. W. B. Brett, the late Solicitor-General, who has
just been promoted to the bench. This election resulted
in a tie, each party polling 153 votes. The Mayor, as
returning officer, who had previously voted as an elector,
claimed and exercised the right of giving the casting vote,
and returned Mr. Campbell ; but on a petition to the
House of Commons this was disallowed, and, a vote
having been struck off Mr. Campbell's poll, Mr. Brett
was declared elected.

LATEST INTELL MENU.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

DENMARK.

COPENHAGEN, Sept. 11.

The Prince and Princess of Wales are expected
on a visit to the Royal family, for the hunting sea-

g)D, in November.

The reports of the health of Count Bismarck are not
reassuring. He will not be able to resume his onerous
duties for some time, and one writer goes so far as to
doubt whether he ever will.

Country Branch ;
19, BRIDGE-STREET, BRADFORD, YORKS.
20, BRIDGE-STREET, BRADFORD, YORKS,

SPECIAL NOTICE.

An article by M. Guizot, which is to appear in the next
number of the Revue de Deux Mondcs, is awaited with
much interest. It is entitled "France and Prussia
Responsible to Europe." M. Guizot is all in favour of
peace.

In consequence of frequent misrepresentations, E. MOSES
anl SON find it necessary to state that they do not employ
any travellers or agents. and that their only Establishments
ar, the above-mentioned.

The danger of a renewal of the famine in Algeria
is exciting an alarm which appears by no means
unfounded. The Government is very sore on this subject.
Last year a journal which had warned the colonists and
the Arabs of the approach of want was summoned
before the tribunals for daring to express an opinion.
Another paper, as I mentioned, has received two
Warnings. But the attitude of the Algerian press is quite
unaltered. It continues to warn and to menace. The
Liberte says that 200,000 Arabs have already died of
famine, and cannibalism has become almost a habit with
the survivors. The 'estimates of the mortality differ much,
but all agree in making it terribly high.
The unparalleled tragedy of Marseilles—the poisoning of
three husbands by their wives—continues to create great
excitement in the locality. It now transpires that the
youngest woman was an illegitimate child, and had been
adopted by a lady who pitied her destitute condition.
The girl was brought up, and married at the age of seven-
teen. But she refused to acknowledge her foster-mother
after marriage, disregarded the affection of her husband,
and formed an intimacy with a waiter. What makes the
crime the more horrible is, that when the poisoning was
commenced and thehushand felt his strength diminish, he
left his wife the whole of his property by will.

The Philadelphia correspondent of the imes tele-
graphs that the Republican Convention of Massachusetts has
passed resolutions in favour of the payment of the United
States' debt in gold.
The war agitation is still kept up. Opinion in England
is generally against the probability of an outbreak, the
calculations of English authorities being founded chiefly
on the utter absence of any reasonable pretext for war.
But the foreign correspondents of English papers, whether
infected by continental rumours or not, are very uneasy.
The Times Berlin correspondent has recently taken a vory
warlike tone. lie says the execution of the designs of the
French war party depends entirely upon the relations be-
tween Prussia and Russia. Whilst Russia covers Prussia's
rear against Austria, her rival in the East, any war between
France and Prussia must be a fair stand-up fight, the terrible
chances of which Napoleon will not be in a hurry to
court ; and Russia's friendship or neutrality depends
altogether upon the support she obtains in her Eastern
designs. Austria is not strong enough to aid Russia suffi-
ciently. Prussia has no interest in meddling with Turkey,
and thus, perhaps, afford France a pretext for attack.
France has been applied to by Russia repeatedly during
the last few years, but as the latter Power proposed to
leave Prussia unattacked and confine operations to Turkey
alone, France was unable to "see it." The same writer
mentions other projects, such as France attacking Prussia,
whilst Russia was allowed to have her swing against
Austria and Turkey ; and also a division of the Eastern
spoils between Austria and Russia, whilst Prussia was
handed over to the tender mercies of France—all of which
schemes go to prove that the parties are unable to come to
terms. The Prussian press has caught the prevailing mania,
and the North-East Correspondence comes out with a war-
like manifesto, stating that there is a strong war
party at Berlin. Count Bismarck does not think
any benefit is to be derived from postponing hostilities,
but the King is more pacifically inclined. The reverse of
this has generally been understood. Of the English
journals, the Saturday Review observes that France has no
allies, and cannot undertake an aggressive war. The
Emperor's actions are inexplicable, but then the man who
must exercises other people's wits is oftenest at the end of
his own. The Imperial Review thinks that war would have
ensued already if any, other than Count Bismarck and
Napoleon had been the wire-pullers. The Spectator
observes that on the whole expectation is strained towards
a wholly invisible future. Coming events are not as yet
casting shadows before them.
The Rome correspondent of the Independence Beige says
that the reports of the approaching departure of the
French troops have recently become more definite, but ho
is sceptical of their truth. It is known that the military
administration has requested the municipal authorities to
provide enlarged quarters for the troops at Civita, Vecchia.
What is the object of this demand ? Some allege that the
occupying force is about to be strengthened by more regi-
ments from France ; others that the small garrisons
distributed through the province of Viterbo are
to be concentrated previous to embarkation. The writer
says that the health of the French garrisons is such that
they are to be brought to Civita Vecchia, not for the pur-
pose of embarkation, but for sanitary reasons. The great
heat of the summer has been productive of alarming mor-
tality amongst the French, but the Pontifical troops at the
camp of Hannibal have suffered still worse. Barrack
building is certainly not a common preliminary to evacua-
tion.

The question of the renewal of the Reciprocity
Treaty has assumed a definite form, since we learn
from Ot!awa that the Hon. JOHN ROSE was pre-
paring to leave for Washington to open negotia-
tions on the subject. Happily, the state of feeling
between the United States and Great Britain is no
longer what it was in the days when the Radical
members of Congress refused to listen to the remon-
strances from Detroit and other commercial border
cities with respect to the abandonment of
the Treaty. We may hope, too, to see other and
more difficult negotiations brought before long to
an equally encouraging solution. It is reported
that Mr. REVERDY JOHNSON has received instruc-
tions from Mr. SEWARD to the effect that all papers
hitherto issued regarding the Alabama question
have been cancelled by the American Government,
and that he is authorised to make such terms with
the English Cabinet as he may think fit. Even
accepting this information with some reserve, there
is reason to hope that the subject will now be en-
tered upon by Air. JOHNSON and Lord STANLEY
in a very different spirit from that in which
it was formerly discussed by the representa-
tives of the two Governments. ➢lr. JOHNSON'S
speech at Sheffield indicated the most friendly
sentiments on his own part and on that of his
Cabinet, and we have already had frequent oppor
tunities of ascertaining Lord STANLEY'S views on
the relations between the two great countries. His
lordship has openly declared before Parliament his
conviction that peace between England and Ame-
rica was one of the most important considerations
which a statesman could have in view. The De-
mocratic party in t'►e States is, on the whole, more
friendly to England than its rival, and therefore it
would be highly desirable that this troublesome
question should be finally disposed of while Mr.
JOHNSON still retains power. ➢lr. SEWARD was
at one time by no means friendly to this country,
but he would no doubt like to retire from
office with the glory of having settled
the Alabama claims. When two such able and
straightforward councillors as Mr. REVERDY JOlll,l-
- and Lord STANLEY meet, with full powers to
discuss a question which both are anxious to settle,
the solution of the problem cannot surely be far off.

Mr. COUPE spoke under circumstances of great
difficulty, but none of his remarks were particu-
larly forcible. lie reminded his hearers that the
" blundering policy " of Mr. GLADSTONE had
caused great distress, awl that the shipping
trade was in anything but a prosperous state.
Besides this, many largo sugar refineries were
closed, telling tales of want of work and sad priva-
tions. The Whigs, he truly said, left the condition
of the defences of the country in a very disgraceful
state, but the present Government have done their
best to remedy all this, and they had " given the
army the breech-loader rifle, they have given the
nation formidable forts, big guns, glorious iron-
sides, and it was to the honour of the present War-
office they had selected indestructible shields for
the protection of our batteries and iron ships, and to
the credit and honour of that borough that it had
proluced the Miliwall shield." It may be re-
marked, in comparing the rival claims of the can-
didates, that Mr. AYRTON has done a great deal to
forfeit confidence in the tactics he displayed about
the Metropolitan Cattle Market Bill. Large majo-
rities of the House of Commons over and over again
approved of the principle of the measure introduced,
and also decided in favour of considering its merits ;
but the hon. member for the Tower Hamlets, with
some kindred spirits, put his veto on it; and, in
spite of all possible efforts, he contrived to win the
match against time. Earlier in the session such a
thing would have been quite impracticable ; but, at
any rate, the mode of procedure was most objec-
tionable, and we would recommend the constituency
to consider if this is the way they approve of public
questions being dealt with.

E. v.," of Torquay, whom West of England readers
will have no difficulty in recognising, writes to the iiinCS
that there is a worse evil than the feeing cf railway guards,
and that is treating them. He adds : " The whole system
of supplying drink at stations needs reform. The lisence
is given exclusively for the refreshment rooms, but on
many lines tempting little flat bottles of spirits, as well as
what is called sherry, are hawked about the platform.
Even in first-class carriages I have in many in-
stances had to endure a fellow-passenger so offen-
sively drunk that I have been obliged to complain
at the next station, the only result being that
I 1 ave bea obliged to remove into another
carriage at much inconvenience, especially at night. The
drunken scenes in second and third-class carriages, and in
the drinking rooms by the night trains are often such as
would not be tolerated in an ordinary public-house. These
rooms are frequently left to the care of an incompetent
young woman, sometimes not of the steadiest character,
who is utterly powerless to refuse, even if so disposed, the
demands for more drink by roughs returning from a race-
course, or sailors paid off at Plymouth, whom we so often
encounter on the Western lines."
"3. W. 5.," referring to Mr. Spender's recent "Notes
on Norway," in the Daily News, puts in a word for
Sweden. He praises the Gotha Canal, with its famous
Falls of Trollhiittan, and Stockholm, which he somewhat
inappropriately compares to Venice. Speaking of Norway,
he says : " I am sure if some of our artists would go
there and bring us something new, it would be a great
relief to the monotony of the exhibitions which now
repeat themselves every year. As an amateur, I
brought some sketches home, but did not meet with a
single artist, nor anyone sketching." It may interest our
readers to know that Tidemand, the greatest Norsk
artist, finds so little patronage of art in his own country
that he has been obliged to take up his residence in Ger-
many (at Diisseldorff), where his works are better appre-
ciated. But he visits Norway every year in order to
find subjects. There were last month some German
artists on the Hardanger Fjord, and an English
amateur at Aak, in Romsdalen. We understand
that Lady Pigott also took a large number of sketches
with which she will illustrate a work on Norway that her
husband is now writing. An English artist would find a
summer's work in each of the following districts—Roms-
dalen, Hardanger, and Sogne fjords, and the fifty miles
between those two fjords, viz., from Eide to Gudvangen,
a tract of country unsurpassed for beauty in Europe.
these districts would be best reached by Bergen from
Hull. They have the further advantage of offering the
cheapest possible living. It may be well to mention that
on7all the Norwegian steamers a man and his wife travel
for a fare and a half.

The report of the Poor-Law Board for the year
1867-68 describes the measures which they have
taken to bring the provisions of the Metropolitan
Poor Act into operation. The experiments have
been made under very trying circumstances, since
pauperism has largely increased during the past
two years, the workhouses are overcrowded, and
the cost of maintaining the paupers is of course
very high. It is a noticeable fact that, with the
exception of the East Riding of Yorkshire, the in-
crease has taken place over the whole country,
though the highest rate oczurrecl in the metropoli-
tan district. The general depression of trade and
commerce has of course been. the chief reason of
this excessive pauperism. The excessive vitality in
trading circles previous to the cra3h of 1866 has
also assisted in augmenting pauperism since
the unprecedented demand for labour and the
high rate of wages brought men to the metro-
polis, to the shipbuilding yards, the railway works,
and the enormous buildi❑gs then iu progress. To
make matters worse, when these men were sud-
denly thrown out of employment by the panic of
May, 1866, the cholera chose that summer for its
ravages, and the winter which followed was un-
usually severe an] prolonged, out-door work being
completely suspende l. To add to CI, se causes of
Depression came the bad harvest of 1867, and the
rise of ten shillings a quarter in the price of wheat.
The well-meant efforts of the charitable to assist
the destitute in some of the poorest districts were
in some districts productive of mischief, since unless
great care is used in administering public relief a
class of idlers spring up who trade upon benevo-
lence. At the same time we cannot expect or wish
that the wealthy public-should be content to fold
their hands and liave all sivele and .exce,Ptitinal die:

The aspect of foreign affairs is again clouded
over, and much will depend upon the next few
weeks as to whether peace or war be the order of
the day. Russian policy is very undecided just
now, and the opinion of some is that by making a
closer alliance with Prussia the Government of St.
Petersburg will set France at defiance, and pur-
sue its policy in the East at leisure. No doubt
the French EMPEROR might have made a bargain
with Russia had be been so minded some time
back, but it is to his credit that he has not
in any manner compromised the integrity o,
the country by aiding and abetting the ambitious
designs of the Czar. There is no end to the sug-
gestions and counter suggestions that are made in
this matter, but the conclusion to b,t drawn is tha
Russia means something, and that to suit no view.
will she much lo;Iger forego her elier'shed schetn,
of acquiring fresh spoils in the East. Whether, i.
carying out this en-1, she propitiate France an,
offend Prussia, or vice versa, is of ve:.
little consequence to her, we doubt, so lull;
as the end is gained, but there remains a good dea
to consider as well as this point under nod‘Je. Fu
some time past war has been imminent betwee
France and Prussia, and it is not at all unlikel;,
thatin the confusion prevalent on-the iuvasion o.

The protest now being drawn up by the ex-Elector of
Hesse against the confiscation of his territory is not a very
hopeful manifesto, if we may judge by the treatment
accorded to his ex-cabinet secretary. This Minister has
just been tried at Berlin for high treason, and has been
sentenced to three years' imprisonment, and to be after-
wards subject to the surveillance of the police for three
years more.

Dresden has been en fête during the visit of the King of
Prussia. A large number of troops of all arms assembled
in the city, and manoeuvres and reviews were witnessed
every day. It is said, however, that precautions had
to be adopted to keep up appearances. Dresden was
filled with Prussian police agents, who managed to
prevent any manifestation of hostile feeling, if any were
intended, but certainly did not succeed in ensuring the
King of Prussia anything approaching to a welcome. The
Saxons have shewn considerable indifference to military
spectacles which were merely a testimony of the loss of
their independence. They are attached to their monarch,
and cannot be expected to regard with pleasure the visit
of a sovereign who has virtually replaced him.
The Government of the Netherlands is industriously
practising economy. It has suppressed the two special
departments of Worship, one of which had the care of
affairs Protestant, whilst the other watcbed.over matters
Catholic. The former department is to be joined to that
of Finance, the !atter to that of Justice. This curious
distribution is not actuated by any political motive.
The Dutch Government is determined to reduce its
Budgets, and with this object it has also diminished the
expenses of the army and the navy. It is believed that the
next Dutch financial statement I.)e an example to the
rot of gurope,

The anthropologists have been quarrelling about money
matters. It appears that Mr. Dunbar Isidore Heath,
whom our readers will remember as an Isle of Wright
incumbent who was deprived of his living several years
ago for having hazy notions about justification by faith, is
the treasurer of the Anthropological Society, and that a
Mr. Brookes has accused him of jobbery. It is a very small
job, anyhow, 2300 being the amount involved. This amount
Mr. Heath says he paid the printer, and Mr. Brookes, who
audited the accounts, had an opportunity of seeing the
voucher. Mr. Heath, in a quietly sarcastic letter, effec-
tually disposes of Mr. Brookes, and allays this storm in a
tea-pot. It is rather amusing to find the anthropologists
thus in arms about such a commonplace matter as cash.
One would have thought that they were a finance com-
pany disputing over directors' commissions, instead of a
band of suns plecJied tfOrp,c9l49,lulgAnastrY t'" the.
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