The Sun.
London, England, 1857-03-07 00:00:00

L .I,i ON, SATURDAY, MARCH 7, Pv

The Atrocities of the Chinese—not merely their
contumelies, and prevarications—impera-
tively require now to be at once and very signally
avenged. The atrocious massacre of the crew of
the Thistle, the infamous poisoning of the British
residents at Hong Kong, the brutal outrages per-
petrated by the Chinese mob at Singapore, the
wanton burning of our fictories at Canton, the
blood-money set by YELL upon the heads of Eng.
lislimen—all these things absoliA;ly demand forth.
with the stretched-out arm, the keen sword, the
trenchant blow of Etigland —descending, as it
were, upon the inF•ttnt, and with a deadly force,
upon the necks of the great anomalous race of
Asia, the Civilised-Barbarians of the Celestial
Empire ! Enormous crimes have been already
committed— those : crimes must be promptly
and adequately expiated. Fourteen years
have elapsed, during which an important
clause in the solemn Treaty of Nankin has been
evaded—that clause must now at length be recog-
nised and acted upon by the Canton authorities.
Measures must, witaout any further del iy what-
ever, be adopted t 9 prevent the possibility of
again insulted with im-
the British flag being
punity, and t) preclu:le the chance of another in-
solent rejection of :tfl interview with her Britannic
MAJESTY'S dilly antliori End diplomatic representa-
tive. All this, we rest c infideerly assured, will
be effected, and that, moreover, with as li'tle
delay' as is at ail practicable—
for the on© simpla
but sufficient reason that Lord PALMERSTON is at
the head of her MAJESTY'S Government.

The Himalaya has alreldy taken its departure.
Other vessel,, the fastest screw-st -!atners any where
procuraid., ought to follow immediately in her wake,
carrying troops and renuitions of war t) the scene
of action—zoncentrating the whole milit,ry and
naval strength of England upon the salient points
along the China seaboard. It should be remem-
bered, moreover, that, fresh from the Russian
conflict, we have now actually ready to hand, at
our instant disposal, a gigauti: and efftctive force
of gun-boats and floating batteries. No con-
sideration of expense whatever ought in reason,

at this moment, to stand in the way of our fitting
out an adequate and properly organised Expe-
dition. The Empire, by whose representative
and citizens, at the other extremity of the globe,
our flag has been wantonly insulted, our roperty
has been flagitiously destroyed, our fellow-citizens
have been cruelly murdered, is one having a popula-
tion of no less than 300,000,000 in the aggre-
gate. Against such an Empire as the Chinese
Empire such an Empire as the British Em-
pire cannot possibly wage a Little War—a
Little War against which, in the abstract,
this nation was solemnly and most memorably
warned not many years ago by the Duke
of WELLINGTON. If we are to act at all
against the Chinese, we must act against them
thoroughly. This time there must be no mis-
take whatever. The struggle, when it is closed,
must be closed by a Treaty more stringent and
more explicit than that of Nankin, and that new
Treaty must be fulfiled to the very letter.
As early as upon Wednesday last we took occa-
sion to remark, in the matter of this Chinese Diffi-
culty, that the sudden close at this moment of the
Persian War by means of the Paris negotiations,
ought to be regarded as in a very peculiar man-
ner opportune. We suggested there and then,
that we should at once avail ourselves of so very
tempting an opportunity. Namely, by concen-
trating upon the coast of China the naval and mili-
tary forces recently despatched t ) the Persian Gulf
from Bombay. We are rejoiced to observe that
this suggestion has been already adopted in its
impression of to-day by the chief of our morning
contemporaries. We said in The Sun of Wednesday
last, the 4t init., speaking of the close of the Persian
War—" Nothing could surely be more happily
well-timed I Here is our opportunity. Let the
squadron under Admiral Sir M. SEYMOUR be at
once enhanced by the combination with it of
the military and maritime forces recently de-
spatched against Bushire under the joint command
of Admiral LEEKE and General OUTRAM." The
Times of this morning, the 7th instant, enforces
this suggestion almost in the same identical words,
where it observes—" The conclusion of the war
with Persia is the most opportune occurrence of
the hour. By the peace signed three days since
two fine bodies of troops, that which garrisons
Bushire and that which has probably by this time
sailed from Bombay to join the former, will soon
be free for service in China." , Be it so. - The
emergency in the Chinese Seas is one requiring
promptitude, and this promptitude we have every
reliance upon witnessing under the auspices of the
PALMERSTON Administration.

A Pacificator, at the same time, is to be sent
out to the seat of war in the person of a duly
authorised and a judiciously-selected Plenipoten-
tiary. Not, as some individuals had erroneously
imagined, for the purpose of superseding Sir JOIN
BOWRING, but for the very purpose of co-bperating
with Sir JOHN BoWRING, of availing himself of
Sir JOHN BOWRING'S sagacity, patriotism, and
experience. Warlike measures all the while
potently enforcing the arguments of our negotia-
tors. It is thus, and thus only, that a great
Asiatic race like the Chinese, a race full of dupli-
city, of cruelty, and of cunning, can be effectually
dealt with. History, Reason, Humanity alike de-
monstrate that the most merciful war is, after all,
the war that conducted, at the outset., the most
promptly, the most boldly, and the most energe-
tically. A course all the more incumbent upon
England, with her late experience, and possessing
a perfect knowledge, as she does, of the sinister
ambition ever lurking at the heart of the great
Northern Autocracy.

i The Chancellor of the Exchequer has succeeded
; for the time being in his crusade against the
tea-caddy, the tca-cup, and the pie-dish. He has
obstinately persevered in the retrograde policy
against which he was solemnly and emphatically
warned, and obtained a majlrity of 62, for " the
introduction of the sharp end of the wedge I"
The moribund Parliament, the very days whereof
are numbered, has reversed the system in opera-
tion for the last 16 years, and set the example
in, future of replenishing the Exchequer by in-
direct taxation on articles which have become
almost necessaries of life. It may be that the
addition of 2J. per lb. on tea, which he now
estimates to produce half a million sterling,
(although in his Financial Statainent he cal-
culate 1 the loss by the surrender of 2d.
to be but 369,0001.) is of comparatively
trivial importance, more especially as the
reduction whi.3ll actually takes place will admit of
an alteration in the cost price from which the
consumers will derive practical benefit. But it is
oljoctionable 'on principle, inwenuch as it is
founded on a direct breach of faith with the im-
p.ut,rs and dealers in te!, and also because it ir.-
troduces an &merit of uncertainty that must
operate very prejudiciay to the general interest.
No man can now form a sound opinion as to what
will take place next year, or what may be the
future ratia of duty. It is obvious that Sir G. C.
LEWIS intend:, to continue the rate of is. sd. per
lb. up to 1860, if not for a much longer period.
It is the mean proportional between tha various
sums of id., Is. 5d., arid I.J. 33. which ho
originally proposed. Tadeed a larger sum will

be thereby levied, inasmuch as he will gain

the duty on the additional consumption, which
may reasonably be anticipated under the reduced
tariff. Taking this latest estimate that each penny
of duty will realise a quarter of a million sterling,
he asks from tea no less than three millions ster-
ling during the next three years ; that is to say,
in the year ending April,
1858 2d. per lb., or £500,000
1859 sd. per lb., or 1,250,000
1860 sd. per lb., or 1,250,000
It is unnecessary to say that this is on the as-
sumption that he will--if re-elected —ask the new
Parliament to continue the same duty until 1860.

It was a daring experiment to ask the expiring
Parliament to take such a step ; and still stranger
that the demand should be conceded. It will,
however, be competent for the popular represen-
t stives to reverse this decision ; awl we sincerely
hope that it wid be one of its first acts to do so. It
cannot fur a moment be considered as a
settlement for a single year, or anything more
than a provisional arrangement, which may be
altered at any moment. Indeed Sir G. C. LEWIS
based his demand on that very ground. The
In will form, then, one of the string of in-
terrogatories that must be exhibited to every
candidate, and to which explicit and unequivocal
answers must be refuelled. The fiscal reformers
must take care that the real importance of the
question is thoroughly understood, and that
Honourable Genlemeu who aspire to seats in
Parliament may
clearly know what is expected
at their hands. It is very unfortunate that the
problem to be solved by the different constitu-
encies should be thus complicated. But still it
will be practicable to find eligible candidates pre-
pared to support the foreign policy of Lord
PALAIgRSTON, and yet to Oppose the fiscal hobbies
C.iancellor of the Excheuer
q ,although
theof hriescently resuscitated ARTHUR YOUNG may
thereby be again consigned to his original obscurity.
cheap 'tea and cheap sugar,
The people require

and that they will insist on from any administra-
tion that may be placed in office.
Lord JOHN RUSSELL, as usual, exhibited the
degree of vacillation for which he has become so
painfully notorious. He gave notice of proposing
the one-and-fourpenny compromise, but withdrew
his amendment at the last moment, having voted
against that of Mr. GLADSTONE. The alleged
reason was that there was but ld. between that
which the Chancellor of the Exchequer asked and
what he (Lord JoEN) proposed to give. But
there was only the same difference with Mr,
GLADSTONE, who offered ls. 3d., and if this pro-
position had been accepted, it could not have
been referred to as a precedent, or regarded as
the recognition by the expiring Parliament of a
now financial policy, which may be carried to far
greater lengths than at present contemplated or
deemed possibl-. It is difficult to understand the
motives by which the Noble Lord was actuated.
We fancy, however, that there is still a vague
expectation that by not identifying himself with
either party he may once more be placed in the
coveted position of First Lord of the Treasury.
The small statesman may, however, rest assured
that such a consummation, however devoutly
wished for by himself and the insignificant clique
that still recognise him as leader, is simply and
literally impossible.
The Sugar Duties shared the same fate as those
on Tea. Mr. GLADSTONM, after the majority of
62, declined again to divide the House, and Sir
G. C. LEWIS carried his original proposition. The
question will, however, be submitted to the new
Parliament, and we trust that the several con-
stituencies will take care that such decision shall
be in accordance with the wishes and interests of
the community.

THE MARRIAGE OF THE PRINCESS

ROYAL.

The Cross Berlin newspaper states on authentic infor-
mation that the ceremony of betrothal of her Royal
Highness the Princess Royal to Prince Frederick Wil-
liam will take place at London during the mouth of
May, and that the Prince and Princess of Prussia will
accompany their popular and respected son to England
for the purpose. The marriage, adds the Cross, is defi-
nitely fixed for the 21st of November, or as soon after
as possible. The new married couple, it is believed, will
remain in England for a month or more and there pass
the Christmas holidays, after which they will commence
their journey to the Prussian dominions, and make
their entry in state into Berlin immediately after new
year, by which time the palace now fitting up for their
residence will be fully completed and properly aired.

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, MARCH 7, 1867

LATEST NEWS.

THE ANGLO-PERSIAN TREATY.

The Paris correspondent of the Independence
Beige publishes the following as the chief points of
the Anglo-Persian Treaty just signed at Paris :
"L The whole of the Persian territory which is
or might be occupied by the English troops up to
the proclamation of peace in those parts is to be
completely evacuated by the English.
" IT. Persia recognises the independence of
Affghanistan—that is to say, Persia takes the
solemn engagement not to interfere any more in
the affairs of Affghanistan.

" 111. Herat is restored to its independence..
That province will henceforth be governed by its
native rulers.

" IV. Renewal of the treaty of commerce con-
cluded between Persia and England. England
will henceforth be treated in the Persian Empire
on the footing of the most favoured nation ; Persia
equally sl in the British Empire.

"V. England renounces henceforth affording
protection to Persian subjects.
" VI. Mr. Murray, the British Minister who re-
sided at Teheran before the war, will return to
Teheran, where be will be received with great
honours by the Persian Government."

CHINA.

PARIS, SATURDAY MORNING.

The Moniteur publishes despatches from Hong
Kong to the 14th January. They feared an insur
rection at Hong Kong itself. Sir J. Bowring had
made arrangements with Admiral Guerin, the
French naval commander, and they took sufficient
precautions to enable them to put down, in case
of need, any such movement.
[t seems that this attitude- of the French is due
to instructions received by them by the very last
mail. France and England had concerted, before
knowing the events of Canton, to obtain from the
Chinese Government a revision of the treaties which
are about to expire, and the English and French
representatives received despatches prescribing the
joint and identical conduct which they would ob-
serve to attain this object. They wore authorised
to lend each other support and aid in all
eventualities.

BERLIN, FRIDAY.

The Zeit, Government journal, announces that
Count Hatzfeldt, the Prussian Minister at Paris,
snnot take part in the Neuchatel Conferences
until the Conference has prepared the materials
for the conclusion of a definitive arrangement of
the question.

MARSEILLES, MARCH 6.

native than to bend its head and withdraw before this
condemnation."

The Prince and Princess Danilo, of Montenegro,
landed here yesterday, And left this morning by
the express train for Paris, accompanied by a
brilliant suite.

The following is from the Debats :

"It is impossible to dilsimu'a'e en the sericus natur)
of the check experienced by the Cabinet of Lord Palmer-
ston. After such a check everybody will understand,
and Lord Palmerston will certainly himself understand,
that he cannot appear again before the present House of
Parliament. The only question that can arise is to
know whether he will abandon his position to the chiefs
of the coalition, who have dealt him this terrible blow,
or whether he will decide on dissolving the house, and
will appeal to the country."
BOURSE, March 6.—The following were the last
quotations :

TRIESTE, MARCH 5.

Accounts have been received from Constanti-
nople to the 27th. The first and second intend-
ants, as well as the treasurer of the Sultan, have
been exiled.

- Cash. fr. C. End of month.
4i per Cents
`.3 per Cents 7O 20 70 65
New Loan —

Bank Shares 4,200 Roman
Credit Mobilier 1,312 50 Austrian
Belgian Fives ...... .. 99i Spanish Threes
Pied montese (5) 9l 25 Home Debt
RAILWAYS—FOR CASH.

The Gazette publishes the budget of 1857. The
expenses are estimated at 1,800 millions of reals,
and the receipts at 1,562 millions. The deficit
will be made up from different sources.

fr. . fr c
Orleans 1,435 c
Western
Northern 962 50 Strasburg
Lyons 1,455 New Ditto
Mediterranean 1,900 Grand Central
Lyons Geneva
Cette

AUSTRIA.
VIENNA, MARCH 4.
Count Cavour's reply to Count Buol's note of
February 10th is considered unsatisfactory, and so
much excitement prevails in official circles that the
diplomatic world is inclined to believe the Aus-
trian Legation will soon be recslled float Turin. It
is related that the French and British Cabinets
have strongly advised the Austrian Government
not to break off its diplomatic relations with Sar-
dinia, but the publication of the Austrian and Sar-
dinian notes in the Russian organ at Brussels has
given such great offence that his Majesty's Minis-
ters are but little inclined to listen to the well-
meant counsel of their Paris and London friends.

FRANCE.
PARIS, FRIDAY, EVENING.
The Moniteur contains a decree of the Emperor,
by which Count de Laborde is appointed director-
general of the archives of the empire.
A report from the Minister of Public Instruction
recommends the institution of a professorship of
vegetable physiology at the Museum of Natural
History, and a decree founded thereon nominates
Mr. Georges Ville to the new professorship.
The Pays contains the following :—" A private
lettor from Canton of the 15th December_ men-
tions a fact which has not yet been made known,
and which shows the deplorable feelings of the
Court of Pekin in the conflict with England. On
the sth December, the mandarin, govet nor .f Lin
Ting, cawed to be seized in the warehouses of
the Hong merchants, where it is ordinatly de-
posited, al the merchandise belonging either to
the E st India Company or to English subjects.
The town of Lin Ting is the entrepot of the opium
trade, and is the most importmit market in China
for the sale of that article, which is now restric'ed
and subjected, according to treaties, to avery strict
surveillance. Independently of opium, Lin Ting
has depots of merch mdise of all kinds, principally
articles of European importation, belonging, for the
most part, to English merchants."
The following are the observations of the French
papers on the late division in the House of Com-
mons :
The Petrie strongly advocates the energeic pro-
secution of the war, and concludes its remarks with
the following passage—
" Will the motion of Mr. Cobden, voted by the House
of Commons (which must certainly lead to the dissolu-
tion of the Cabinet or of the House), result in arresting
the progress of events before Canton 1 We h. pe.not.
Great distances, which at times present great inconve-
niences, have thisadvantage,that they permitaccomplished
facts to weigh with immense power on the march of
human events. Should Sir J. Bowring succeed before the
arrival of the vote of censure recorded by Parliament
in entering as a conqueror into that city, which he first
sought only to enter as a simple visitor, we do not thick
that England, which has absolved Warren Hastings and
Clive, whose glory was nevertheless tarnished by well
authenticated crime, will impute blame to a man for an
excess of zeal, justified and glorified by success."
The Univers entertains similar views, which it
expresses in more energetic language than that
adopted by its contemporaries. It says :
" What do all these solemn debates and philanthropic
declamation, really signify t One sole object,—the poli-
tical adverseries of Lord Palmerston wish to obtain his
place, or, if they cannot succeed in so doing, they seek
at least to display their eloquence, for the constitutional
game must be played out. And while the Parliament of
England is gravely discussing the justice or legality .f
this war the Chinese are setting a price on the heads of
Europeans, and are surrounding them with assassins, in-
cendiaries, and poisoners. The Bishop of Oxford in his
speech evidently lost sight of all that Christian nations
have suffered from China; he saw nothing but the question
of the Arrow. But ourcorrespondents at Hong Kong, who
are not Englishmen, judge it in a very different I.ght front
the Anglican bishop, and their opinions appear to us
less open to suspicion. Now, with respect to China,
who can seriously question the right possessed by Chris
tian Powers to calf that barbarian nation to account for
treaties perpetually violated, and for the bleod of Chrif-
tians constantly shed ? The English orators are really
too considerate when they invoke the right of nations,
justice, and humanity in favour of a population which,
by every act, places itself beyond the right of nations,
and systematically violates all the laws of humanity and
i ustice."

The anticipations offered. above have been par-
tially realised 'by the Assemblee Nationale, which
alone of the Paris journals condemns the conduct
of Admiral Seymour. The following are the views
it expresses :
" Will the Premier obtain from the Queen permission
to dissolve Parliament ? Should he obtain it would he
succeed in obtaining from the electors the reversal of the
verdict given by the House of Commons alter the mist
solemn debate ? Theo) are questions that need not yet be
examined ; but whatever may be the resolution taken by
the Crown, whatever may be the result of an appeal to the
electors in circuni,tances where the national stlt-estetni
might perhaps bo skilfully worked upon, the vote of the
House will remain as the eternal condemnation of a policy
which has been justly censured by the most eminent men of
all parties, and by those who are most devoted to the real
grandeur of England. Were another Ministry possible
in the present dissolution of political parties, the Cabinet
headed by Lord Pabneraton would have no other alter!