The Sun.
London, England, 1850-09-14 00:00:00

of food ? Let the myriads of starving wretches who
were unable to procure sufficient of the coarsest de-
scription of nutriment to alleviate the pangs of hunger
reply ! Was it clothing ? How many of those
scantily fed were even worse clad shivering in
rage, scarcely sufficient for the purposes of decency,
and quite inadequate to shelter and protect their
wretched wearers from the inclemency of the
weather ? It is cruel, nay more, it is impious to
speak of " over-production" under such circum-
stances. There cannot be over-production so long
as a single human want remains unsatisfied,
so long as any man able and willing to work is unable
to exchange his only capital, his labour, for a suffi-
ciency of the ordinary necessaries of life, and requires
an additional supply of those articles which are said
to be " produced" in excess. If there be a deficiency
to eupply all demands some must abate in their re-
quirements, in order that all may have sufficient to
sustain existence. The case is similar to that of a
vessel in which there is a scarcity of provisions. The
crew are placed upon what is termed " short allow-
ance," a necessity to which even the officers must sub-
mit. But what would be thought of the management
if " short allowance " proved the rule and not the ex-
ception, if the sufferings of the crew were deliberately
planned, and their lives endangered, in order to en-
hance the profits of the voyage, or to carry out some
hobby of an influectial party in the management ?
But this is what has been done by the framers of our
monetary code. There is sufficient for all, but
the measure is wanting. It is as if

a municipal law were passed, by which
no bread could be sold in the city of London unless
it had been weighed at certain scales deposited at the
Mansion-house. This would clearly be insufficient
to weigh all the bread required for the wants of the
community. A favoured few, who had priority over
others, might think the law a good one because it in-
sured " full weight ;" but what would the multitude
say who were compelled to enter into a scramble, and
frequently to come away without procuring the ne-
cessary supplies F. .They could obtain an abundance at
the shops of the bakers, if, not prevented from going
there, directly, and they would speedily show their
just indignation and compel a repeal of the obnoxious
regulation. The man who endeavoured to show that
the difficulty was ascribable to " over-production" on
the part of the bakers, and not to the deficiency of
accommodation provided by the civic authorities for
the transfer of bread, would be " laughed to scorn."
But such an argument is gravely put forward by the
bullionists, and actually referred to and considered
tenable by persons calling themselves statesmen and
occupying high positions in the national councils.

Mr. DUNCAN showed the punishment that followed
aimilarz presumption in 1821 and 1826. In the for-
mer year the farmers petitioned Parliament for re-
lief for the agricultural distress, arising from the
" excess of the harvest"—the distress being ascribed
to " too great an abundance of food !" Within six
short months the wail of agony was heard from the
famine-stricken people of Ireland! After the panic
of 1825 the manufacturing districts humbly besought
the assistance they so urgently required, and were
told that they had been guilty of " over-production"
—that they had been too industrious, and would
have been more prosperous had they exhibited more
sloth and idleness. Within the same year the "cast-
off army clothing was sent down to cover the naked
ness of the very people who were charged with the
sin of producing too much clothing." As Mr. DUN-
CAN truly remarks, " both these were cases of under-
production of money, and not of over-production of
materials."

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.
The proceedings of the society of the 10th Decem-
ber have attracted the attention of General CHAN-
GARNIER and of AL CARLIER, the Prefect of Police,
and its members are consequently strictly watched.
Count Marx has, it iS said, joined M. DE SALVANDT
in his attempt to bring about a reconciliation between
the two branches of the Bourbon race. All the mem-
bers of the Orleans family will shortly assemble at
Ostend, when they will be joined by M. DR
SALVANDT, who Hill report progress. M. THIERS
still declares his opinion that the only restoration of
monarchy possible in France is in the person of the
Count DE PARIS.
M. EMILE DE GIRARDIN has written a long article
in the Presse in favour of a revision of the Constitu-
tion, in which he recommends the abolition of the
office of President, but at the same time admits that
should the office not be abolished the re-election of
Louis NAPOLEON BONAPARTE to the Presidency is
certain.

The Nepaulese ambassador, JUNG BAHADOOR, was
at the opera on Wednesday night, and was so de-
lighted with the dancing of CERITO that he pro-
ceeded behind the scenes, and unclasping from
,his
wrist a valuable diamond bracelet, presented it to the
Deesse.

The PRESIDENT arrived in Paris at half after
eleven o'clock on Thursday night, by the Rouen
Railway. The Prefect of Police and the Prefect of
the Seine had gone to Bonnieres to meet him. All
the villages and towns through which he passed on
Thursday evening were illuminated. At Falaise his
reception was enthusiastic, and he was obliged to ad-
dress the people from the balcony of the Hotel de
Ville. At Argantan he was presented with an ad-
dress by the mayor and municipal council.
We read in the Evenement :—" We are assured
that MM. DUCHATEL and MONTALIVET are about to
leave for Ostend, where the august widow of Louis
PHILIPPE is to arrive to-morrow or Saturday, accom-
panied by the Duchess D'ORLEANS and her two sons,
the Duke and Duchess DE NEMOURS, the Prince and
Princess DE JOINVILLE, and the Duke and Duchess
D' A.UMALE. King LEOPOLD bad, it is said, invited
his mother-in-law to reside at Brussels, but the con-
sell de famille has decided otherwise, at least for the
present, and all the family will remain for six weeks
at Ostend, in the Hotel d'Allemagne, which has been
prepared for their reception."
The Patric says:—"The Queen of the BELGIANS,
it is said, is in much more delicate health thin was
supposed. Her malady is making such rapid pro-
gress that her medical attendants are seriously uneasy;
and it has been thought advisable by the King of the
BELGIANS to send for Dr. CUOMEL, of Paris, the
special medical attendant of the Orleans family. A
letter to that effect arrived on Wednesday in Paris,
and Dr. C.IIIOMEL set off the same night."
We read in the Patrie :—" The news announced on
Wednesday by the Journal des Debuts of the de-
parture of M. DE SALVANDY for Frohsdorff,
where the Count DE CHAMBORD was ex-
pected, has been the subject of much conver-
sation. The most contradictory and the most exag-
gerated rumours have been disseminated. One of the
most important men of the majority affirmed to us
yesterday that there is nothing in this journey of
M. DE SALVANDY but an act of refined propriety,
which he is charged to accomplish between the
two exiled families. Politics have nothing
whatever to do with the journey. The follow-
ing, we are informed, is what has taken place :
During the short visit which M. DE SALVANDY
thought fit to make to Wiesbaden, he was with
the Count DE CHAMBORD, when the news arrived o;
the death of Louis PHILIPPE. M. DE SALVANDY
was charged by the PRINCE to express from him to
MARIE AMELIE his regret and sympathy for the
misfortune which had fallen on her and her family.
M. DE SALVANDY, in consequence, proceeded
to Claremont to carry the simple compliments
of condolence of the Count DE CHAMBORD to the
widow of Louis PHILIPPE, and in exchange for
that kind act on the part of the Prince, MARIE AME-
LIEin her turn charged M. DE SALVANDY to carr3
back to her nephew the expression of her thanks and
sympathy. That is the whole explanation of the
presence of M. DE SALVANDY on the road to Frohs-
dorff. There is nofhing more or less in the news of
the Journal des Debats."

The King of DENMARK has just sent to M. DE PER-
SIGNY the grand cross of Danebrog, on the occasion
of the affairs of Schleswig.
The Bulletin de Paris states that the speech of the
PRESIDENT of the Republic at Caen was yesterday
the subject of discussion by the permanent commis-
sion of the National Assembly, and that it was even
proposed by the minority that the Assembly should
be convoked to take it into consideration. This
strange proposition, says the Bulletin, was imme-
diately rejected.
At an extraordinary general meeting of the share•.
holders of the Orleans to Bordeaux Railway Com-
pany, the question of accepting the law of August
6, 1650, by which the concession is prolonged
from twenty-seven years and some days to fifty years,
was brought forward for consideration. The
meeting was a most numerous one, nearly
1,300 shareholders being present, representing
upwards of 52,000 shares. After a most able state-
meil made by M. BENAT, one of the directors, in
which he discussed the precise bearing of each of tht
provisions of the law, the meeting, in accordancf
with the opinion of the board of directors, decided
unanimously, minus one voice, that it accelttd the
law in question. nis decision was fullovved by loud
applause.
The Marquis of NORMANBY has returned to Paris.
Whe Five per Cents. opened to-day at ti4f., ad.