The Sun.
London, England, 1850-01-15 00:00:00

T_ .E SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENINC4, JANUARY 13, IPSO

the prosecutor advised him not to sign the bill till
he got the money, or at any rate to have 101. 10s.
as consideration if the bill was allowed to stand at two
months. 'I his Corms ell agreed to, and the bills being
signed, he took them away to get " his friend" to
discount them, saying the acceptors would not be
called on under three mouths. IL" made an appoint-
ment to hand the money over that evening, but failed,
and after sundry evasions, pulled out some oats, and
said it was very difficult to obtain money so he had
taken some money and some oats for the bill. There
was a good deal of laughter in court while the
prosecutor was giving his evidence which was in-
creased by a suggestion that there was probably
some "chaff" with the oats. The prosecutor said he
did not know how that might be, but he knew he had
had plenty of " chaff " since. In answer to the
prisoner's attorney, the prosecutor said the oats could
not be for his " pony at Brooke's," as he did not
keep one there. He did not lodge there, and de-
clined to answer a further question in reference
thereto. It further appeared that Cornwell had
passed the bill with another to Mr. Francis Elden,
a brewer, in payment of an account he owed him
for beer, which he is in the habit of selling in
booths, at fairs, &e. For neither of the two
bills then obtained had the prisoner given one
penny consideration. After hearing legal gentle-
men on both sides, the bench decided that the property
in a bill is vested in the drawer, so long as it is in his
possession, and that the charge of felony could not be
sustained, the case was consequently dismissed.
There was a similar charge against the prisoner at
the instance of Mr. William Cavendish Ilurrell, also
an undergraduate, but this was withdrawn on the
understanding that an indictment will be pursued at
the assizes for obtaining the securities under false
pretences. The prisoner was then discharged.

THE LONDON GAZETTE.

(THIS EVENING.)

DOWNING-STREET, JAN. 15, 1850.
The Queen has been pleased to appoint Henry
Samuel Chapman and Sidney Stephen, Esq., to be
Judges of the Supreme Court of the colony of New
Zealand. _ _ .

Her Majesty has also been pleased to appoint Joseph
Michael O'Neill, Esq., to be her Majesty's Advocate for
the colony of Sierra Leone.
Her Majesty has further been pleased t) appoint
Algernon Montagu, Esq., to be Stipendiary Magistrate
for her Majesty's settlements in the Falkland Islands.

For Scent e 1 Tea orders cont,nue ta get 'a. ger, and prices 1
exhibit a further advance. No public t ate f Tea is at
present declated, and by private treaty a less quantity
is offered. Deliveries fa- home trade purposes Lave
b. en upon a large ser.,l3 since our last report.
SPIRIT& —These is at present no aavant e to record in
the value of Jamaica Rum, still a much better demand
has been experienced. The purchases have realized 600
puns at 2s 8d to 2s 10d for 29 to 33 per cent. ovei-
proi f, at 2s lid to 3s 2d for 34 to 34 over of
good quality, and at 3s 3d to 4s for small parcels
of superior. Demerara bas bi ea in much better
demand, and prices are firmer. In all 400 puns
have been sold; 29 to 32 per cent. overproof realised
1 Ild to 2s Id, 35 to 40 per cent. overproof good and
fine 2s 2d to 2a sd. East India met with greater atten-
tion, and 400 hogsheads have been sold at is 31d
proof. In Brandy a go( d deal hss been done, and
prices remain firm; Cop a-, best brands of the vintage
of 1848 at 4s 8d t) 4s 16d, and 1847 ditto at 5s 2d to
5,4 d per gallon. Geneva is quoted at is 9d to is 10,1,
fine at 2s 3d to 3s 3d, and British made Spirit at 9s 6.1
per gallon, but not much debire has been evinced to
operate. To-day a good ti a'le was concluded in Ram,
and there were few sellers t f precf lewards under is 5d
per gallon.
SPICES —To-clay Pimento met w:tti ready purchasers
by privet r treaty, and stiff rates are paid, At Auct.on
96 bags went it 6.1 d, and damaged it 611 per lb.
RICE.—To-day there was a plentiful supply of East
India Rice at mat ke-, whilst less desire was evinced t
operate, still lewer rives we, e not acceled to. Of 7,520
bags offered at auction a small part only sold, flue white
went at lls to lls 6d, low 9s, damage.] 6s 6d to 10s ;
the chief part was taken in at 12s for white, and at 9s
for cargo. A parcel of St. Vincent's Arrowroot fetched
10d to Is. _ _

Irioroo.—There has been a good demand for East
chiefly for home trade purposes, whilst prices
tend upwards, and value 3d to 4d per lb above the rates
of last quarterly sale, and at which there are not free
sellers. For public sompetition on the 12th of next
month 10,457 chests are already declared. Purchases
to a fair extent have been made in Spanish, and at rather
higher terms.
SALTPETRE.—To-lay several parcels of rough were
sold by private treaty at stiffer rates. At auction 320
bags of Calcutta went Gd per cwt higher, and realized
273 6d to 28s for 5 per cent refraction cf good quality.
OILS.—In consequence of the market having been
more freely supplied with Sperm Oil a slight decline in
the value is apparent, still a good demand exists. At
auction 140 tuns were sold at 821 to 831 10s, and
Headmatter at 861 13s to 85/ ss. bouthern is
rather cheaper as there is a more plentiful
supply, but at auction 150 tuna were sold at
311 to 34/ for low to fine. Cod has been purchased with
caution, and prices have declined to 30/ to 30/ 10s. There
has been more disposition to operate in SEA and
prices are firmer. Sales of pale have been made at
291 103 to 30/ 103, straw and tinged 351 to 38/, yellow and
brown 321 to 34/ per tun. In Linseed large sales have been
made by home dealers, whilst many shipping orders
were completed. prices keep on the advance, and
rule at 31s 9d to 32s per cwt. on the spot. For
delivery large contracts have been concluded at prices
ruling from 31s to 33 , and there are not free sellers.
Rapeseed Oil is not much wanted, and there is a better
supply ; pale is quoted at 41s 6d to 425, brown 41s, and
pale Foreign at 443 6d to 455, still no decline of mc-
meat is expect .d to occur. Extensive sales have
been made in Co 3( a Nut and at high, r rates.
whilst the value is 34s to 36s for fair to fine, and specula-
tors are still operat ng. For Palm there is a firm market,
and a good trade exists, whilst prices rule at 32s 6d to 33s
far fine, and there is not a more plentiful supply, whilst
there is a further inert ase in consumption.
TALLOW—TLe demand for Russian on the spot has
become active, and prices have advanced 9d to is per
cwt. Sales of fine Y. Y. C. have been made at 39s 3d
to 39s 6d, and there are not free sellers. For deliver)
in the last three months of the year a
good deal has been dote, and prices have ope ,ed
40s 3d to 40s Gd, at which there 'are not free
sellers. Home melted is quoted at 41s, suoject to usual
allowances for cash payments, and a more active de-
mand exists, whilst the supply is not so plentiful.
Other sorts of Tallow are in greater demand, and
prices are still on the rise. At auction 313
casks Sydney were sold si 35s 6d to 33s 6d ;
100 ca-ks Odessa Sheep 37s 3d to 37s Gd; 1,400
pkgs.South American 34s 6d to 38s; 5 cks Gibraltar
Tallow 34s 3d per cat For aaction the quantity ( f
Tallow declared is 1,000 pkgs, and there is )et a much
larger stock than at this time last year, but prices rule
lower. Rough Fat it quoted at 2s 2J per stone of Sibs.

INTERESTING DISCOVERY. - About three weeks
since, three quarrymen, while at their labour at Lanyon
quarry, discovered a couple of gold coins almost as per-
fect as when they were issued from the mint. A gentle-
man of Penzance to whom they were taken has furnished
the following description of the coins:—They are aurei
of Theodosius tie Great, and of his son Arcadius, or
rather solidi, as the aureus in later times was called
solidus, and by Byzantine writers numisma, or the coin;
chrysinos, because of gold; and hyperpyros from its
being of bright gold, flaming like fire. It was also called
be zAnt in Europe because it came from Bezantium. The
coin of Theodosius, who reigned from 379 to 395, has on
the obverse the diademed head of the Emperor, legend
Dominus Noster THEODOSIVS Pius Felix AVGustus.
On the reverse, the two Emperors (Theodosius and
Arcadius) in the toga, seated, holding in their hands a
globe (the emblem of power), behind them a figure of
Victory with raised wings, legend VICTORIA
AVGGustorum. Iu the ex, rgue COM Constantinopoli
Moneta. The coin of Arcadius, who reigned from 395
to 408, has also on the obverse the diademed bead of the
Etnperor, legend—Dominus Nosier ARCADIUS Pius
Felix AVGustus. O❑ the reverse tLe Emperor standing
with his left foot on a prostrate foe, holding in his right
hand the 14barum (ti,e sacred standard) and in his left a
figure of Victory, Iegend—VICTORIA AVGGustorum.
In the exergue COMOB Conflata Moneta Obryzo.—The
letters which occur in the exergue generally mark the
piece of coinage, but in this instance Obryzo is not the
name of a city, but is from Obi-) zarn; the exergual in-
scription, therefore signifies, money struck from .the
purest gold. This mode of marking the purity of a
piece is not unknown to the modern mint. The silver
coins struck by George 111. for his Hanoverian domi-
nions are inscribed NDRFFSILB, that is, Nach de-i
Reichs Fuss Fein Silber, according to the Imperial
standard of fine silver. A similar inscription is also
found on the coins of Jerome Bonaparte (Westphalia).
—Cornwall Gazette.

APPOINTMENTS.— The Queen has presented the
Rev. W. J. Poole to the living of Aberffraw, Anglesea.
Lieutrnant-Colonel George Brodie Fraser, commanding
the Royal Artillery at St. Helena, is appointed a member
of the council of that island. James M'Nab (receiver-
general), W. Stairs, and Jonathan M'Cuddy, Esqs., are
nominated members of the legislative council of Nova
Scotia. Benjami❑ Simpson Houghton, Thomas Rudelle,
and Alcide Cayron, Esqs., are appointed members of
council at the Mauritius.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.
GUILDHALL.

A young man, named William Anderson, Blue
Lion-court, Aldersgate-street, was placed at the bar
before Mr. Alderman Carden, charged with robbing
his ready-furnished lodgings, under the following un-
grateful circumstances:—
Mary Ann Myrtle, Beaumont's buildings, Alders-
gate-street, said that the prisoner, who is a tailor, and
his wife took a furnished room at ss. per week, about
eighteen months ago, where they remained until
Saturday night, when they removed to their present
residence in Blue Lion•court. After they were gone
she went into their room, and missed a blanket worth
4W., besides crockery to a similar amount, as well as
about 101bs. of feathers, which had been taken out
of the bed. On making this discovery she gave the
prisoner into custody, as she thought both him and
his wife had behaved in the most ungrateful manner,
after all the kindness that had been shown to them,
and the money they owed.
Alderman CARDEN asked how much rent was due ?
Mrs. Myrtle replied that it amounted to 1/. 19s.
Alderman CARDEN inquired the value of the missing
articles ?—Mrs. Myrtle said they would cost about 14s.
Alderman CARDEN wished to know what the kind-
ness was that prosecutrix had alluded to? Mrs.
Myrtle said that, in the first place, when the wife wao
confined she supplied her with clothes for the child,
and paid such attentions as were necessary to a female
in such a situation.
The wife exclaimed, "That's false."

Mrs. Myrtle went on to say that for a long time 0: e
prisoner was out of work, and necessarily fell into ar-
rears of rent, until an offer of employment occurred in
August last, but security was required. Her hus-
band at first refused to become the prisoner's security,
until she almost went on her knees to him before he
consented. Since then he had been in constant work,
earning, according to his master's books (with the
aid of another man), from 2/. Bs. to 2/. 12s. per week,
and yet during the whole period he had not the
honesty to pay what he owed.
Alderman CARDEN—And this was done out of
kindness to them ? Mrs. Myrtle—Yes, because I
thought that being young people, it was a pity they
should lose such an opportunity of getting on.
Alderman CARDEN—What amount was your hus-
band liable for ? Mrs. Myrtle—For any amount that
he got from the shop. _

Alderman CARDEN—Then for the future never let
your husband be security without having the amount
fixed, for he may be ruined, and might have bee❑ in
this instance.

The prisoner, in defence, denied knowing anything
about the blanket or feathers, but adiniMd all the :est.

Alderman CARDEN sail it was a most ungrate=.Ul
act on the prisoner's part to rob his bent factors irithe
manner he had done, independent of his having com-
mitted a very serious offence, for which he might be
sent to the Ohl Bailey for trial.
The prisoner's wife here stepped forward, and said
they had tried their hest to pay the rent, and as for
the kindness of becoming security, Mr. Myrtle only
did so to secure what was due to him. She was pro-
ceeding in the same strain, when she was ordered to
be removed out of court, which was instantly done.
Alderman CARDEN remanded the prisoner until to-
morrow. _ _ _

Stoker 358, and Abrahams, of S divitlon, that p.s-
terday morning, about on(10(.7k, wire on duty
in Westor.-streer, Somers Town, when the prisoner
was hallooing and shouting, to the annoyanc,e cf the
inhabitants, who looked out of their windows. On
being remonstrated with, he abus,ed them, calling
them filthy names, and continued following and an-
noying them until they were compelled to take hint
to the station-house.

Mr. CoMBE (to the prisoner)—What have yeu to
say ? Prisoner—l have nothing to say to 3 ou, be-
cause I don't expect justice at your hands.
Mr. COMBE—Then you have nothing to say ? Pri-
soner—l shall make no further remark.

Mr. COMBE—You are liable to a penalty of 40s.
or one month's imprisonment, or imprisonment, with-

out fine

Prisoner—l told you before that I decline making
any remark ; if it had been any other magistrate I
would answer him. I was once sent to prison through
your negligence and partiality, and I make no fur-
ther remark.

Mr. COMBE—You seem to know me; pray what
do you know of me? Prisoner—l make no remark.
Mr. Baylis (the usher)—lle was some time ago
charged at this Ciurt for an indecent a,sqult upon
a woman, when your worship sereenced him to two
or three months' imprisonment, I am not certain
which.

Mr. COMBE sentenced the prisoner to pay 5i., and
in default of payment, a commensurate term of im-
prisonment.
Prisoner—l shall not pay it. I will go to prison
first.
He was then locked up.

Mary Sullivan was charged by Mrs. Julia Downes,
of No. 6, Barclay-street, Somers Town, with steal-
ing a glove and 7s. 6d. from her person.
The prosecutrix attended divine worship on Sunday
last at the Roman Catholic Chapel, Clarendon-square,
and whilst in her devotions the prisoner was kneeling
down immediately behind her, pretending prayer,
when she was observed fumbling at the pocket of the
prosecutrix, by a gentleman who kept his eye upon
her, and soon after the clergyman commenced his
sermon, the prisoner left the chapel. The prosecutrix
was questioned, when she missed her glove and 7s. 6(1.
from her pocket, when the prisoner was followed
and given into the custody of Hayes, 175 S, who took
her to the station-house. On the prisoner being
searched 7s. 6d. was found in her possession, and she
said, " What a fool I was to get into trouble 1" The
prisoner had been frequently seen before in the chapel
under similar circumstances.

She denied the charge, but she was fully committed
for trial.

WESTMINSTER.

Edward Summers, alias Gray, a well-known ut-
terer of base coin, was charged under the following
circumstances : _

On Saturday night the,. prisoner went to Mr.
West's, a confectioner, in Keppel-street, Chelsea, and
having purchased two buns, gave half-a-crown in
payment, and having received 2s. 3d. change from
Miss Cot, the shopwoman, walked out, but had
scarcely got into the street when Gosling, 162 V,
who, knowing him to be a notorious " smasher," had,
upon seeing him enter the shop, watched his move-
ments, stopped him, and inquired of Miss Cox
whether she had closely examined the half-crown pri-
soner had handed to her, and which it was evident,
by her having given the prisoner the change, she had
believed to be genuine. She then took it out of the
till, and upon a close examination it was found to be
spurious. The prisoner struggled violently to get
away, but finding himself unable to succeed, he passed
his right hand, with somethingin it, to his mouth,
and then made a rush to the opposite side of the road,
and whilst engaged in a despera'e resistance was seen
tothrow something over the railings into Oakley square,
which turned out to be another spurions half-crown.
He was conveyed to the station, when several pieces
of small silver money and some trifling articles, look-
ing like recent purchases, were found upon him. The
spurious half-crown uttered at Mr. West's was
positively identified as that given by the prisoner,
there being only some small silver in the till at the
time.

Upon the evidence in the above case being con-
cluded,
Mr. Reynolds, assistant solicitor to the Mint, who
had conducted the prosecution, asked for a remand,
in order that he might exhibit another charge against
the prisoner fur putting off a spurious crown piece at
the York Hotel, Waterloo-road.
Prisoner, upon being asked whether he wished to
say anything, replied very coolly, that he would
rather defer it until the whole of the cases were
finished against him.
He was remanded for a week.

William Manning and Jane, his wife, who stand
charged with stealing a quantity of paper from the
House of Lords, were again remanded for a week,
bail being as-on the previous occasion taken for the
appearance of the male prisoner; but the wife, against
whom there is another charge of felony, being com-
mitted to prison.
MARYLEBOIVE.

Edward Bradley, a reTectably-dressed young
man, aged 20, was placed at the bar before Mr.
Broughton, charged under circumstances of an ex-
traordinary nature, the particulars of which are below
detailed.

James Crump, a cabman, deposed that at ten
o'clock on Saturday night last, he drove the defendant
from It gent-street, to York-gate, Rsgent's-park,
and on setting him down there, he demanded 24. 41
as his fare. Defendant alleged that he had no
money, and he was desirous of being locked up, so
he was therefore driven to the station-house, in Mary-
lebone-lane, where he was locked up.
Inspector llannant stated that upon the prisoner
being searched at the station, a quantity of the best
white pepper ground was found in one of his pockets.
He sail he had recently left his friends at Birming-
ham, to come up to town for a little pleasure, and
that having no money left, he purchased the pepper
with the intention of going into a shop and throwing
the whole of it into the eyes t f the party who might
be at the counter, through which means he might
have effected a robbery, but his courage failed him,
upon his conscience telling him that he was meditating
a sin of great magnitude., and for which he should one
day have to answer.
Hannant that he had read in the police reports, a few
lie (prisoner) admitted to Mr.
days ag:o, a case in which a robbery was effected at a
jeweller a in the City, and that the thief had effected
his escape by throwing pepper into the eyes of the
shopman.
Mr. BROUGHTON, after putting various questions to
the witnesses, ultimately came to the conclusion that
it was his duty to order the prisoner to pay the cab-
man 55., and to find two sureties in 201. each for his
keeping the peace and being of good behaviour for
the next six months.

STREET.
wßlviSathslihiaPvng been concerned, under
reinglYd circumstances, eit:hin stealing a silver
placed at the bar, before Mr.
veryH am ma Elizabethgigl l
r,acyhaaSt
watch, gold ring, and nearly the whole of his personal
clothing, from Mr. Frederick Hardy Jewitt, of Lime-
street, City, and West Ham, in Essex.
It appeared from the evidence of Sergeant Kelly,
of the H division, that shortly before eight o'clock on
Friday morning the prosecutor, who was suffering at
the time under extreme nervous prostration and debi-
lity, was brought in a cab by one of his friends, to
the station-house in Leman-street, where he entered
into a statement to the effect that while passing through
Whitechapel-road on the preceding evening he was
sbsy a corpulent middle-aged
ed a handkerchief over his
rseetdiately seized by a feeling of
suddenlym woman,ou tti,awho
djh jostled terl elladp,aisdalgiymaimpn
stupor,which was succeeded shortly afterwards by total
insensibility. He remained wholly unconscious of
everything that ensued afterwards, until the following
morning, when he partly recovered his senses, and
found himself stretched upon a wretched bed, and at
a low lodging-house, in Thrawl-street, Spitalfields,
completely stripped of nearly the whole of his clothing,
and that his watch, ring, and a considerable sum in
loose silver, had also disappeared. As soon as he
became sensible of his situation he raised a loud out-
cry, which attracted the attention of a young man
named Saunders, who lodged in the upper part of the
house, and with whose assistance he was conveyed in
a cab to the residence of the friend who accompanied
him to the station-house. On receiving the above in-
formation, witness at once repaired to the
house in Thrawl-street, and on searching
the apartment in which the robbery had
been committed, he discovered the hat and boots
of the prosecutor concealed under the bed, and
having ascertained that the room had been for some
time past in the joint occupation of the prisoner and
a woman named Higgins, both of whom had ab-
sconded, he proceeded in search of them, and shortly
afterwards succeeded in apprehending the latter, but
the prisoner eluded pursuit until the preceding even-
ing, when she was traced to a house in George-street,
Spitalfields, by Police-constable J, has, who inter-
cepted and secured her while attempting to escape at
the rear of the premises. The sergeant added, that
from inquiries he had made that morning, he had
ascertained that the prosecutor was still confined at
home, under the care of a surgeon, from the effects of
the treatment to which he had been subjected, and
that he was unable at present to attend and give evi-
dence in support of the charge.
The prisoner, in defence, denied all participation in
the robbery, and declared that she was not near the
house at the time it was committed.
The prisoner was ordered to be remanded, for the
attendance of the prosecutor, and the magistrate di-
rected the police in the meantime, as it was evident
that the robbery had been effected through the agency
of chloroform, or some other narcotic, to use their
utmost efforts to discover the parties who had sup-
plied such characters as the prisoner with ingredients
capable of being applied to such nefarious purposes.

SOUTHWARK.
Ann Bland, a young woman, in the service of Ut

Blackfriars-road, wss tiroth,ht befors Mr.
ckett, charged with robbing her ernployf:r.
E appsared girt the prisoner hint been but a
short tone in the service of the complanant, t,nd
that one morning last week his w ife on rising from
Led missed two sovereigns, Is hich were safe in
her pocket on retiring the preceding night. Although
there was no doubt of the money being taken by
sf me person who entered the room when she and
her husband were asleep, still the prisoner was not
suspected at the time. On Saturday night, however,
complainant deposited some sovereigns in his trou-
sers pocket, and placed them on a chair by the bed-
side when he retired to rest, and when he got up the
next morning he missed two out of the number,
which must have been taken by some person who
entered the apartment when they were asleep. SLIT-
cion now was excited against the prisoner, who slept
up stairs, and when she was questioned on the sub-
ject she at first denied that she knew anything about
it; but when a promise of forgiveness was held out
to her by the complainant if she divulged the truth,
she then confessed to having entered her master's
bedroom when he and his wife were asleep ; that on
the first occasion she took two sovereigns out of her
mistress's potkat, and that on the second occasion,
two nights afterwards, she again stole into their bed-
room and possessed herself of two wore sovereigns
out of her master's pocket. She produced the four
sovereigns, which she had concealed in her box, and
was then given into custody.
The MAGI TRATE directed that in taking the depo-
sitions the promise of forgiveness held out by the
complainant, and which appeared to be an inducement
for her to make a confession of her guilt, should be
added, as such circumstance would in all probability
have its due weight on her trial.
The prisoner, who said nothing in her defence, was
committed.

EL TRADE IN ENGLAND.

(F: om the Journal des M-bats.)

An aniu•ated debate has eonneencod in England
respecting the merit and the adv,;:ntages of free trade
in is relations widi the, national rgriculture. The
farmers surfer extremely from the low price of corn,
and several persons repeat to them that free trade is
the cause. It is under these circumstances that Sir
Robert Peel has just addressed to his tenants a letter
in which he makes known his well-weighed opinion,
which, like every other emanating from that illus-
trious statesman, is calculated to produce a deep ina-
pres,ion, not only in Great. Britain but abroad.

Is free trade to bar the blame for this sudden fall
of the price of corn, which, if continued, would render
its cultivation in England almost impracticable
No, replies Sir E. Peel emphatically; the principle
of tree tr: de must nut be rendered responsible for a
reduction of price which is nut only cheapness, but a
pr(.found perturbation. Tnis depreciation of the price
of corn arose from the circumstance that after the
cru-1 famine of 1847, as after all other famines,
the fear of a scarcity of corn and the hope of
profiting by high prices caused cultivation to be
enormously increased ; much more corn was sown
than formerly. It so happened that the crops
wt re more abundant in proportion.. Toe market
was consequently ,glutted, and the inevitable resu't
was that the corn was sold at a lugs. 'The proof that
free trade is not the origin of this serious excess is
this--that the fall was as great, nay, greater than in
England in those states of the continent of Europe
where the corn-laws underwent no alteration
whatever. France is a striking example of this fact.
Here, in Paris, we find the hectolitre of corn at 13f.,
instead of at 20f., the average price; and not a
finger has been laid on our custom-house system.
It is even to be remarked that the adoption
in England of free trade in corn must have pre-
vented the price of corn from falling in Paris
as much as it would have done if Taft to itself ; for
England has taken a pretty large quantity of grain
from Normandy, and the glut of the markets in the
north of France, inclusive of Paris, has been dimi-
nished by so much.
Nothing is easier than to mislead the man whose
temper is soured by suffering and privation. The
English farmers at this moment are rather severely
tried When they accepted their leases they fore-
saw not that they would have to sell corn at pre-
sent prices. They can only fulfil their engagements,
consequently, at a great loss. The " Protectionist"
faction, in this conjuncture, hopes to succeed in
rallying the counties round its standard. But Sir
R. Peel boldly baffl,s this cunning mavceuvre with
the resolution and the authority which have nevcx
yet filed "It is my firm conviction," writes
this eminent statesman, " that neither the present
nor any future Parliament will consent to levy duties
on articles which are essential to the sustenance
of man, either with a view to protection or revenue."
Such is the style in which an aristocracy which
would endure expresses itself when speaking of
popular interests; end this spirit, by which the domi-
nant classes in great Britain are animated, explains
more clearly than anything else why and how it is
that the political constitution of that country resists
the shock of continental revolutions. _

But what is to be done? Tne status quo is impos-
sible. Free trade in corn, if not the cause of agri-
cultural distress may, nevertheless, place the farmers
in a disadvantageous position. The old leases, gene-
rally granted for a long term, may, under the new
system, be onerous to this important class. Is there
no room for an arrangement, and what ought the
terms of that arrangement to be ?
The manner in which Sir it Peel considers this
question is worthy of notice; it contains a lesson fur
everybody's use. He admits that the old contracts
must be amicably revised. I.le adjourns that revision
until the moment—w hi, hhe regerds as proximate—
when the accidental crisis that now prevails shall have
passed away. But he does not hesitate even now to
declare the bases on which he will accept the revision.
Calculations must be made—not limited to a mere
taking account of the fall of the average selling
price, but embracing all the elements of the question.
Many improvements have been made, and a great
many advantages secured to the farmer of late years,
so that the cost of cultivation has been materially
lessened. Again, a distinction must be drawn be-
tween the laborious, intelligent, and active cultivator
who keeps up with the progress of agricultural im-
provement, and the degenerate clodhopper who de-
tests work, and is utterly devoid of intelligence and
moral force. Internal competition will ruin these
laggards far more surely than that from without.
The principle of commercial policy of which Sir
R. Peel has secured the triumph may thus be enun-
ciated—every one is responsible for his own destiny,
and ought to seek for success in sustained efforts,
activity, intelligence, and good conduct, and espe-
cially to forbear from demanding that a tax be levied
on his fellow-citizens for his own especial benefit.
This ought to be the law of agriculture as well as of
manufactures. Bat between the landed proprietor
and the farmer relations of mutual assistance are
proper, and at certain times necessary. Sir B. Peel
now intends to put in practice this sort of fraternity
or patronage, without prejudice to ulterior conces-
sions. Under various forms he proposes to encourage
the schemes of improvement of his tenants, with this
proviso, that he will do nothing except Cor those who
shall have paid their rents. Ile firmly maintains his
rights of property.
It is the general opinion of the best judges that
English agriculture will successfully emerge from the
trial of free trade, and succeed in producing corn at
such prices as will prevent the native cultivators from
being supplanted by foreign growers. Admitting
that this anticipation will be realised, it must be at-
tributed to two special causes—first, the countries
which export corn do not grow it so ch:,aply as we
are told ; and again, they have commonly only a
trifling excess of produce, ordinarily not more than
6,000,000 or 7,000,000 hectolitres can be taken away
front the general market without inducing a marked
rise in price ; secondly, an agriculture which enjoys
the twofold assistance of science and capital possesses
great advantages, and has very little to tear from the
cultivators of new regions, where land coils nothing,
but where capital is scarce, and even science does not
abound. Tne art of agriculture is brought to a great
degree of perfection in Great Britain. The English
farmers—persons in easy circumstances, and often
exceedingly rich—bring up their sons to succeed
them, and not, as in France, to make them, at all
hazards, magistrates, officers in the army, or attache:
of embassies. They give them a special, but distin
guished education, with that object in view. Lastly,
capital in England is far more multiplied than else-
where. The English do not make revolutions once
every 15 years, by which a great part of the movable
capital of the country is consumed.
The capital of England is constantly increasing,
and gives an admirable impulse to all branches of
production. Now, capital is the material element of
the progress of societies and popular improvement.
Where capital abounds, society with the labour of the
same number of persons may obtain a far larger mass
of articles to distribute amongst men--a far larger
amount of satisfaction for the average number of
men.

If England had not had much capital at command,
she could not have accomplished with such rapidity
the evolution by which she has passed from the old
system of " protection" to that of free trade. And
now that she enjoys that liberty she will possess in a
far larger proportion than in past times, the means of
forming capital—that instrument of power over the
world—that material foundation of the political
greatness of nations—that marvellous agent of the
internal order of states; for under that system every
fragment of the national labour is employed in the
most fruitful manner, obtains the largest return, and
consequently permits the largest saving.
England, therefore, has no reason to regret—far
from it—the great political manoeuvre which she :le-
complished, after the brilliant campaign of Mr. Cob-
den and his friends, by means of the energetic and
far-sighted care of Sir R. Peel. The principle of free
trade will be maintained, but it might have been com-
promised, had not that eminent man dealt a deathblow
to the Protectionist faction by his recent decisive de-
monstration. He has just done what was required to
avert the tempest which was gathering.

DESPERATE AFFRAY WITH POACHERS AT HORDIBY.
—About three o'clock on Saturday morning last a
savage encounter took place between a gang of poachers
and three of the keepers in the service of. Pudsey
Dawson, Esq., of Hornby Castle. For some time past
the preserves of this gentleman have suffered from the
nightly attacks of these uncertificated gentry, and he
had resolved on the adoption of effectual. measures for
their suppression. With this view, Mr. Richard Sutton,
the head gamekeeper, received instructions to procure
additional assistance in order that the grounds might be
more thoroughly watched. On the morning previously
mentioned the keeper, with two other men, named Enoch
Knowles and John Herst, proceeded towards the pre-
serves. On entering the Great Park, which i about a
mile from the castles, they found that their friends, the
poachers, were at work in the immediate vicinity. The
keepers immediately rushed towards the place and dis-
covered tour men with guns, by whom they were in-
stantly attacked. A very savage aff, ay commenced, the
poachers using the butt-ends of tin it guns, resultivg in
the complete discomfiture of their watchers, who were
1, ft in a senseless state by their assailants. Ilerst was
the first to regain sensibility, and found his companions
unable to proceed home. He gave an alarm, and
assistance being procurer+, his companions were removed
home. A tfirst the lives of Sutton and Knowles were
considered in danger, but an improvement is manifested,
and hopes are entertained of their recovery. The re-
mains of three gun-stocks were found at the scene of
the struggle, ued a cleth cep belonging to one of the
poachers. the in-ide f which, from the malk: of blood,
testified that air, Owt,er had hot escaped s2,athles,.—
Pie.kton Chronicle

ROYAL NAVAL BENEVOLENT SOCIETY
R (111 v f 64, (1 •• al +trto rtit, 1,..
to 5g.; and C icm,.nu i l;harler, I,u at, , lit,erul *up-
porter of the institution, has added to its funds a life
subscription of 101.

COUNTRY MARKETS.
The fo:lowine is the official statement of the quantities °f,
corn, ac., received in the port of London from the ports of
Essex, from the 7th Jan., 1850, to the Lth Jan., 185°'
both inclusive :

• , •
11GC 1,4 8n 4
0: VI
17 13 7,3 rd
-4i
coich.ter
98 128 490 78 12
ELawich
t:O3 274 239 60 Mahlon ... B5l 268 I'2 33j, 261-1 17ti