The Sun.
London, England, 1850-07-23 00:00:00

GERMANY.

The Berlin State Gazette of the 20th contains the
following :-
66 We, Frederick William IV., by the grace of God,
King of Prussia, sovereign Prince of Neufchatel and
Valengin, &c.; informed that in spite of the notification
published on the 30;.h of May by our Minister of Fo-
reign Affairs, illicit alienation of property belonging to
either our seignorial domain, or to the Church of the
country is, being procee led to, we, by these letters
patent, remind our subjects of Neufchatel of the succes-
sive protests mtdo bince the Ist of March, 1848, relative
to revolutionary acts committed at Neufchatel, and we
solemnly declare null and of no effect, all Eales which,
without cur consent, have been or may be hereafter
made of objects belonging to our domain in the principa-
lity, or requiring., as for the sales of tee property of the
Church, the ec-ocration of the legitimate authority.
Given at the chateau of Sans Souci the 13th of July.

" FREDERICK WILLIAM.
(Countersigned) " FAVARGER, Chancellor of the
Principality."
Accounts from Vienna state that GULA; the

[PRICE SD.

Minister at War, has resigned, in consequence of
HAYeen's dismissal. RADETSKY has tendered his
resignation, it is said, on the same account.
The circumstances which have more immediately
led to • General HAYNAE'S dismissal are gradually
coming to light.
The General, it is pretty well known, stood fir a
long time upon a very unfriendly footing with the
Vienna Cabinet, and especially with Dr. .13Acn. lie
also encountered in General Von GEHRINGER, to whom
also, as Administrator of Civil Affairs in Hungary,
largo powers had been entrusted, a steady opponent.
These dissensions' grew yet stronger when the
Ministry of the Empire proposed to contract
the power of HAYNAU to pardon offences, not-
withstanding that this faculty was clearly compre-
hended in the plenipotentiary authority with
which the same' Ministry had originally invested
the General. , It was very natural, on the part
of General HAYNAU, after so many bloody sentences
had been executed in his name, for which posterity
as well as the present acre will hold him responsible,
to desire to employ the favourable moment to present
that name in some better association by granting an
amnesty. Towards the latter part of his administra-
tion, also, the Conservative Magyar party left no
means unsought to win the General's favour for the
interests of their downtrodden country. It is said that
the instances of a fair Magyar were not without
effect in softening the heart of the fiery soldier, and
turning it towards her people. These new influences
at first were only seen in the mitigation of some exist-
ing severitles. The Vienna Cabinet presently ordered
the commencement of a fresh series of investigations
into the conduct of several persons formerly members
of the Parliament of Debreczin. The measure had
been resolved on against HeesAn's advice, andimme-
diately Upon learning the intention of the Govern-
ment he addressed an energetic remonstrance to
Vienna, urging ,that such Lineasure would awaken,
distrust not only in Hungary, but in all parts of the
empire. Notwithstanding this remonstrance inqui-
ries were instituted by a special officer' and after
they bad continued some time a number of ex-
deputies, some of whom had returned from exile,
were summoned to surrender forthwith, to answer for
their conduct before a commission appointed by the
Ministry.
When HAYNAU was informed of the last pro-
ceeding' he immediately took steps to thwart
the designs of the Cabinet. He called before
him the officers charged with the work of
investigation, and gave them peremptory or-
ders to decide forthwith upon each and
all the cases of the deputies, and to bring in the list
of names and sentences to him within forty-eight
hours. The court did not fail to hasten its labours,
and the sentences were brought in within the prescribed
term. Several of the deputies were sentenced to
twenty years' imprisonment, and two were to die by
the hands of the hangman.
HAYNAU read the sentences with some attention,
and then, "by virtue of the plenipotentiary powers
wherewith he had been invested.by the Imperial Ge-
eernment," remitted the whole of the punishments
and set all the deputies at liberty. In the dispatch
which he sent to Vienna after this act of mercy, the
General justified his conduct to the EMPEROR on the
ground that such a display of clemency was absolutely
necessary to remove the open discontent prevailing,
and assure the country of the return of quiet times ;
and that the people would have taken it very ill,
after officers who had carried arms had been par-
doned, to witness the punishment of those whom they
had directly charged to deliberate on the concerns of
the country.
The Court party was thrown into the greatest ex-
citement by this proceeding of HAYNAV, not only
because their will had been defied, but because the
step had left among the deputies no objects on which
the Court could exercise an ostentatious mercy. In
order to take to itself all possible credit for that cle-
mency it was too late to deny, the. Ministry resolved
to publish, the next day, before which the fact would
not be known in Vienna, an announcement of a new
amnesty. The imperial grace was extended to but
109 individuals, for the most part condemned to minor
punishments, and comprising no actors of any note in
the revolution, While the number pardoned tiy liAy-
NAU included many dear to the entire country, and
who had taken a most prominent part in the late ex-
citement.

RUSSIA AND AUSTRIA.

The treaty between Austria and Russia respecting

the navigation of the Danube, which is nearly
ex-
pired, is not to be renewed, but a union of many
other powers is to be substituted for it. Austrian
ships will, however, be permitted as. formerly to
navigate the mouth of the Danube on payment of
the usual expenses. The plan of a canal from
Rustschuk or Silistria to Castendi, consequently the
positive removal of the mouth of the Danube into

Furkey, is now under discussion in the department of
he Minister of Trade,—Hamburgh Borsenhalle.

DENMARK AND THE DUCHIES.

At the date of the last letters from Harnburgh, no-
thing was changed in the position of the two armies
in Schleswig-Holstein : they were still in presence and
prepared to come to blows. Almost every moment
intelligence of a collision was expected. According
to the Cologne Gazette, the Schleswig treasury boxes
sent to Copenhagen contained 1,200,000 marks. The
occupation of the island of Fehmara by the Danes is
confirmed ; but up to the 17th Flensburg had not
been occupied. All the ports of the Duchies are
closely blockaded. The Hamburger Nachrichten
states that the Russian fleet, which is cruising off the
port of Kiel, has not on board a single man for die-
embarkation ; it is not, however, known to what
extent this assertion is correct. In reprisal for the
capture of some Schleswig vessels by the Danish
fleet, the Lieutenancy• General has caused an embargo
to b 3 put on all Danish vessels in the ports of the
Duchies.

It is stated in one of the Hamburgh journals, that
there were seven Danish men-of-war at the taking of
Fehmarn, and that they were cannonaded by the
Schleswig gunboats but without much effect.
The Correspondent of Hamburg of the 19th states
from Copenhagen that a Swedish and Norwegian
fleet was expected to arrive off the eastern coast of
Schleswig. An English squadron was also expected,
and it was said that Austria, too, would tend some
vessels.

The Hanoverian Government has just declared, in
a dispatch to the Prussian Cabinet, that the German
Confederation can only ratify the treaty with Don-
mark, and that Prussia had no authority to conclude
the treaty.

A letter from Cuxhaven, dated July 12 says :—" A
very heavy cannonade has been heard here during the
last hour, which appears to come from the north-west."
The King cf DENMARK has addressed a proclama-
tion to the people of the Duchies, dated the Castle of
Fredericksborg, July 14, 1850. This document com-
mences by alluding to the treaty of peace between
Denmark and Prussia, which his MAJESTY hopes
will be ratified by all the German States. Regret is
expressed at the past misunderstanding with the
Duchies, and a hope indulged that former distrust
will be now replaced by confidence and a good under-
standing, so that the KING may be enabled to realise
his wishes to restore peace and happiness to the
Duchies by a mild and equitable Government. The
proclamation then proceeds as follows :7
"A peace concluded with the confederation cannct con-
fer on any individual state the right to carry on war,
above all against the Sovereign. This peace commands
submission, whatever may be the claims that the state
may pretend to. The federal 13w thus pronounces on
this matter. I
If Holstein submits to this evident pre-
scription we will, in order to show our paternal solici-
tude, pardon and forget the past, grant a general am-
nesty, and confirm in their offices all the functionaries of
Holstein and Lauenburg, as well as those of Schleswig,
saving such changes as the re-establishment of legiti-
mate authority shall render necessary.
"In the duchy of Schle wig the German nationality
shall have the same guarantees as the Danish nation-
ality, and the fear of an incorporation of that duchy with
Denmark will be hereafter rendered baseless by the
promise we now renew that that measure shall sot take
place.

"If hostility on the part of Holstein presents no ob-
stacle, our intention is immediately to assemble influen-
tial men of the duchy of Schleswig, of the kingdom of
Denmark, and of the duchy of Holstein, and to consult
with them and take their advice as to the manner of ar-
ranging the relations of the duchy of Schleswig with the
kingdom of Denmark on the one hand, and the duchy of
Holstein on the other. The number of 'advisers for
Schleswig will be greater than those for Denmark and
Holstein, but for the two latter the number will be
equal. We will then examine with favour the results
of their deliberations, and we will have en:ire respect to
their wishes and the de,ires of the Duchies as to their
relations with the kingdom and between themselves,
provided they are compatible with the well-heing of the
monarchy. As to settling the relations with the duchy
of Luxemburg we will take the advice of councillors
sitting at the same time.
(Signed) "FREDERIC."
The King of DENMARK has appointed his eharaber-
lain, FERDINAND DE TILLISET, extraordinary com-
missioner for the civil administration of the duchy o:
Schleswig.

Mr. Swift bad as interview with the Commissioners
of Railways yesterday, at their office, in the Board of
Trade.