The Sun.
London, England, 1850-10-25 00:00:00

TILTS 'EVENING,

Will be produced Lord Byrou's gorgeous Spectacle of MAZEPPA
a !:1 the WILD 110IISE. Mazeppa, Mr. N. T. Hicks.
To be 5uce,,,,,1e.1 by an Inimitable Display of Batty's Feats 01
_ _ _

q'iltation in the Cirque Olympique, by the male and female Eques-
trians of the Establisament, and grand Pageant of The Festival of
Flowers.

To con -.hide with the laughable Farce of NEW LIGHTS ; or,
The Irish Pedagogue.

-1;(;,c-olllea open from Eleven till Four.
St ,t Manager. Mr. T. Thnmpson.

WATER Al LONDON BRIDGE,

THIS /VI —Morning 35 rain. after 3 I Evening 53 min. after 3
To-Hoarsovi— Morning 12 min. after 4 I Evening 31 rain. alter 4

THE WEATHER.—Stns OFFICE, OCTOBER 25.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
39—highest since noon yesterday.
34—lowest this morning and during the night.
42—this day, at noon.

BAROMETER, 29-47.
WIND N.E. —dull, cloudy weather.

DAILY WEATHER TABLE.

The State of the Wind and Weather at each of the following
places at Nine o'clock yesterday morning.-The stations
are arranged in order of latitude.
KINGS2OWN (DUBLIN) -Wind N.E., strong breeze-par-
tially cloudy.
PLYMOUTH-Wind E., gentle breeze-partially cloudy.
Pontesstounr - Wind N.E., gentle breeze-overcast.
13RIGHTON-Wind N.E., gentle breeze-overcast.
HASTINGS Wind S., strong breeze-rain.
•OUTHAMPTON Wiz(' N. W., strong breeze-f-ggy.
FoLKESTwNE-Wind S., strong breeze-rain.
BASINOSTOKE Wind E., gentle breeze-overcast.
131fisTot. - Wind N., gentle breeze-overcast.
BEADING • Wind E., calm-overcast.
GREENWICH-Calm-overcast,
SWINDON- Wind N., light airs-partially cloudy.
OXFORD-Wind N.W., calm-foggy,
GLoucEsTen.--Wind S., calm - rain.
COLCHESTER-Wind S.W., gentle breeze-heavy rain.
CANIBRIDGIC Wind S.W., gent'.e breeze-overcast.
YARMOUTH-4 ind S.E., hard wind-.-heavy rain.
CREWE- Calm-overcast.
HOLYIIEAD-Wind N.N.W:., strong breeze-overcast.
MANCHINTER-Wind _K., gentle breeze-overcast.
YORK - Wind S.E , gr.ntle breeze-rain.
LANcAsrzn-Wind calm-rain.
WHITBY—Wind E , heavy gale-overcast.
DARE, NOTON--Wind E., strong breeze-overcast.
SNAP-Wind N., calm-rain.
SUNDERLAND-Wind E., hard wind-rain.
BKATTOCK-Wind S E., strong breeze-rain.
tie avvrcic-Wind N.E., strong breeze-overcast.
EnninnuGH-Wind S.E, gentle breeze-partially cloudy.
The returns from the following places indicate the state of
the wind and weather on Wednesday morning at nine
o'clock :-
CORK -Wind N.W., light breeze-clear.
MOLLIP.GIAR-Wind N.W., gentle breeze-cloudy;
DosuALK-Wind S.W., strong breeze-overcast.
PORTSMOUTH-Wind N.W., gentle breeze-rain.
Yoae -Wind N.W., gentle breeze-partially cloudy.
DartJANGToN-Wind W., gentte breeze -light front.
WHITSHAVIIN- Wind S.W., gentle breeze-partially cloudy.
•

tl6~t -,IIIIIK,
LONDON, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1850.

Another ineffectual effort has been made by the
atbhatarisns to interrupt the running of passenger-
trains on Sundays. This time we are indebted to a
ctr'ain 'infatuated Mr. Tuomsori for the endeavour
to interfere thus arbitrarily with the convenience of
the population. From a report given elsewhere of
yesterday's half-yearly meeting of the Aberdeen
Railway Company, it will be observed that that good
gentleman availed himself of the opportunity thus
afforded him of thrusting his notions of morality
upon the attention of the directors and the share-

THE SUN,

holders. He should have remembered, however, that
in addition to all this, his propositions were certain to
arrest the observation likewise of the public and of
journalism. Possibly, however, he was sufficiently
conscious of the fact here mentioned, and, carried
away by his devotion to the Sabbatical observance,
propounded his scheme intentionally in defiance of
the press and of the people. Whether this may or
may not have been the case, it is certain that Mr.
THOMSON laid his motion before the meeting in
flagrant contravention of all common-sense and expe-
rience. Before thus foisting his suggestion upon
the assembly of shareholders, he must have been per-
fectly aware that the idea of carrying it into actual
operation was to the uttermost extent imaginable
hopeless. He must have known from the diurnal
record of the newspapers that the multitude
in this country are wholly avers• to any
•uch fanatical scheme as that of oLstructing the lines
of intercommunication on Sundays. One would
have imagined that this conviction must have been
forced upon his judgment, if only by the course re-
cently pursued in regard to the insane intermeddling
of Lord ASHLEY and his associates in the economy
of the Post-office department. From that circum-
stance alone he might have learnt the folly of aspiring
to elevate the morality of the masses by rendering
the sacred day of rest a day of intolerable annoyance,
or by investing with a repulsive instead of an attrac-
tive aspect the entire framework of religious observ-
ances. But no : Mr. THOMSON, like so many
others in the United Kingdom, has been infected by
the virus of bigotry, and in consequence of this has
been incited to the commission of the old extrava-
gances of the Sabbatarians.
Instead of gaining his point, the last advocate of
the anti-Sunday-travelling humbug has only rendered
this kind of psuedo-religion more than ever contemp-
tible. His motion was not only negatived by a large
majority, but elicited from another gentleman the
announcement that on a future occasion he would
suggest the employmenion the Aberdeen Railway of
two Sunday trains for the convenience of excur-
sionists. Doubtless the bare notion of such a change
w• 11 appear terrible in the the eyes of Mr. Tuom-
sox, but he has only himself to thank for originating
the idea of its introduction. But for the annoying
revival of a scheme disgusting to a vast proportion of
,he community it might not have entered into the
mind of this energetic shareholder to respond in this
manner to the preposterous pertinacity of the Sab-
batarians.

3..„1t is by no means our intention, in alluding to
these proceedings of yesterday, to reiterate those plain
and simple arguments against the opponents of Sun-
day travelling which by this time must have become
sufficiently familiar to the population. We are not quite
so enamoured of the subject as to exert our energies
in proving for the nine hundred and ninety-ninth
time the absurdity of such ideas of Christianity to
men who are as blind as moles and as deaf as adders
to the most lucid and incontrovertible arguments.
Nevertheless, there is one remark iu the observations
uttered yesterday by Mr. THOMSON, so transpa-
rently fallacious that we cannot resist the temptation
of an incidental reference to it. We allude to his
statement that " he believed that the cases of charity
and mercy which were adduced as reasons why lines
should run on Sundays were of rare occurrence !"
As well might he have objected to the maintenance of
such costly institutions as our public hospitals on the
score that broken legs and other casualties of the like
kicd are of rare occurrence ! As well, indeed, object for
the like reasons to all other eleemosynary establish-
ments. All people are not paupers, and yet it is not
unreasonably supposed to be advisable to erect work-
houses and almshouses and other similar refuges for
destitution. All people are not blind, and yet on the
like account we have our ophthalmic dispensaries
and our blind asylums. All people are not mad, and
yet we have Bedlam and Hanwell and similar build-
ings open for the reception of the insane. Pauperism,
blindness, and lunacy are the exceptions, and yet
while the cases of these unfortunates are exceptional
they are not considered the less entitled to
commiseration or assistance. So also, in like manner,
with the cases referred to, the cases of charity and of
mercy. We should scarcely have presumed to argue
with any degree of seriousness a question so obvious
in its bearing, but for the dogmatism with which it
was maintained yesterday by this Mr. Tuoassors
that the contrary system was worthy of com-
mendation.

While we congratulate ourselves of course upon
every new discomfiture, however trivial, encountered
by the Sabbatarians, we begin at the same
time to despair of ever witnessing the extinction
of their fanaticism. Wearied as the public must
inevitably be by the repeated struggles it has had to
maintain against the antagonists of Sunday tra-
velling, it finds its attention ever and anon demanded
by some new proposal for the stoppage of Sunday
trains upon one or other of the railways. It may be
demonstrated with the clearness of a syllogism that
the carrying into operation of the ideas of
the Sabbatarians, instead of diminishing the
amount of labour, improving the general so-
briety, and inducing the multitude to pay
stricter regard to the injunctions of religion,
would cause, on the contrary, a greater amount of
labour, drunkenness, and indifferentism : all this may
be demonstrated, we say, with the clearness of a
Ayllogism-yet, a week or two afterwards, some in •
fatuated shareholder in a railway will coolly rise to
suggest as a sort of novelty the practice of a scheme
which the community has shown again and yet again
to be altogether impracticable. With all sincerity we
must acknowledge that this constant repetition of the
annoyance is becoming wholly intolerable, and that
we view with increasing disgust the dunderheaded
pertinacity of the Sabbatariana.

The fiscal and financial reformers throughout the
entire country should not neglect the golden oppor-
tunity (to which we recently directed the public at-

tention) afforded by the expiration of the property
and income-tax Act of insisting upon a complete re-
vision of the national taxation and expenditure, with
a view to the more equitable adjustment of the former
n d the reduction of the latter within the narrowest

limits consistent with the national credit, and the
maintenance of the public establishments in full
order and efficiency. There is " a-penny-wise -and-
pound-foolish" economy which is as much
to be deprecated as the wanton extravagance so justly
complained of on former occasions. We would not
leave the British empire at the mercy of every aggres-
sor, unable to resent insult or repel invasion, to vin-
dicate its honour, or afford protection to its citizens.
It is vain to look fur a general disarmament, to hope
that the lion will lie down with the lamb, or that the
despots and tyrants of the earth will cease to rule
with the strong hand, or consent to be bound by the
voice of public opinion. Our constitutional liberties are
far more precioua than any amount of gold or silver
that could be brought into our coffers. A single war,
into which we might be forced, and most probably
would if we exhibited any want of preparation, would
be far more costly than the support of our military
and naval establishments on a judicious and proper
foundation for an entire age. No desire for economy
and retrenchment would, therefore, induce us to de-
mand too great a reduction of the effective force in
either branch of the public service. But very consi-
derable savings might be made in the non-effec-
tive force—in bringing the number of ge-
nerals and admirals within the limits which
the exigencies of the country might require, and in
terminating the ridiculous experiments in ship-
building, to which " my Lords" the Commissioners
fur executing the office of Lord High Admiral are so
exceedingly addicted. _ _ _

We .would also have every payment incidental to
the collection of the national revenue brought ui.der '
the control of Parliament, and sanction no stoppage
in
transits. Under any possible pretext, the heredi-
tary pensions, more particularly those which have
never been brought under the consideration of Par-
liament, shou'd be closely inquired into. The question
should be brought under the notice of the popular re-
presentatives, by what right the Dukes of GRAFTON
have received for 178 years the annual sums of
7,1911. 12s. from the Excise revenue, and 3,4071. Rs.
from the Post-office, and it should be distinctly
shown whether that glaring injustice was to be per-
petuated, or when it to be brought to a termina-
tion. We have already shown that the support of
"the dignity of the Peerage" conferred upon the
illegitimate offspring of one of the most depraved and
licentious monarchs that ever brought, disgrace on

LO4DON, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 25, 1850

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris journals of yesterday.
The Moniteur publiArs the following decrees of
the PRESIDENT of the Republic :
' General of Division Schramm, President of the In-
fantry Committee. is named Minister of War, in the
room of General d'Hautpoul, whose resignation has been
accept, d."
" General of Division d'Hiutpoul, reprevntative of
the people, is named temporary Governor. General of
Algeria. in the room of General Charon, appointed to
other functions."

It is generally considered that the PRESIDENT,
whilst seeming to give way to General CHANGARNIER
in making these appointments,has completely outwitted
him ; General SCHRAMM is a man of determined
temper and disposition, who has high ideas of his own
dignity and importance, an apt pupil in the school of
Marshal BUGEAUD. He is no more likely to give
way to the exigencies of CIIANGARNIER than did the
Marshal himself at Algiers ; whilst General D'HAUT-
POUL will thoroughly Bonapartise the army of Al-
geria, and will thus secure a force of 60,000 men for
Louis NAPOLEON to fall hack upon in the event of
necessity. At Algiers General D'HAUTPOUL will be
as independent of the Assembly as was Marshal Bu •
GEAUD of the Government of LOUIS PHILIPPE.
General SCHRAMM, the new Minister of War, is
the son of a general officer who served with distinc-
tion in the wars of the Empire. lie is himself pre
sident of the infantry committee; was Peer of France
under the last reign, and was ehef du personnel de la
guerre when Marshal MAISON was Minister of War,
in 1897.

These Ministerial changes are commented on in all
the journals, and are regarded by the Bourbonists as
a triumph.
The Union says—

" The fall of M, d'Hautpoul is an event. His retire-
ment announces a retrograde movement; the policy
of adventure is checked. We will add that it is a
calculated retreat. It is evident that the whole Ca-
binet might have found itself compromised at the re-
assembling of Parliament, in consequence of the re-
views of Versailles. M. d'Hautpoul carries away
with him the responsibility of these disquieting
attempts, and of those unconstitutional cries which so
much moved the permanent Committee. Moreover,
M. d'Hautpoul is not so much sacrificed, and to a
certain point, he may think that he receives the reward
of his devotedness. The replacement of M. d'Hautpoul
must, moreover, be considered as a satisfaction given to
General Changarnier. The President of the Republic
nal, in this instance, 3 ielded to the expression of public
opinion; we must congratulate him on it, but on
one codition; it is that we may see no more of these
alternatives of an imprudent zeal, first encouraged and
then disavowed. General Schramm has not, so to speak,
any political antecedents; he passes for being an en-
lightened administrator. If this choice does not add
strength to the Ministry, it delivers it from the peril and
embarassment of appearing to be the accomplice of these
tumultuous scenes, which looked like the flagrant pre-
ludes to a coup de main plotted by an agitating and
brawling party. May this return to moderation and
good sense be of long duration."
The Assemblie .Nationale says
-- • -

"This Ministerial modification will no doubt produce
a good effect on public opinion, and the idea which
has inspired it may contribute to render more easy the
relations of the two powers at the opening of the
session. If General d'Hautpoul bad had more firm-
ness in presence of the Elysee, the deplorable faults
which have created so much distrust would have
been avoided. General Schramm possesses a firm
mind and a conciliating character; he can render im-
portant services to the Government. But in what situa-
tion will we find the War Department? With the mania
of reconstructing everything M. d'Hautpoul leaves chaos
after him. The new Minister will have a good deal to
do; the army expects a good deal from him : he will,
no doubt, be equal to his mission. The President has
given a pledge of conciliation to the mot4erate party.
General Schramm cannot abandon Government tradi-
tion•, cannot be a political cassceou."
The Opinion Puiligne, the organ of the ultra-
Legitimatists, says : •
"It is then a good thing in itself to have understood,
although a little late, that the services rendered to the
country by the General Changarnier have made him a
position apart, which must be taken into account; that
between the champion of the military spirit and of dis-
cipline, and the Minister of War who had assumed the
grave responsibility of the scenes at the reviews, it was
the Minister of War who ought to be sacrificed; and
that it was opportune to give that satisfaction to the
Assembly before its meeting, in order to avoid expla-
nations, which could not fail to be painful to the Execu-
tive Government, end the eventuality of a conflict dan-
gerous for the country. Without doubt, the Executive
in so acting proves before France the moral power of
the situation of General Changarnier; it makes a con-
cession to public opinion and to the Legislative As-
sembly, and retrogrades in the path in which it had
imprudently entered; but we should only see therein a
cause for congratulating it, if some journals accustomed
to receive its confidence did not seek, we know in what
interest, to dissimulate the veritable bearing of the act,
and to cover a movement of prudent retreat by demon-
strations which appear to announce a return of the
offs naive."

The Ordre, the organ of the Odilon Barrot party,
says :--

If we had still severe principles of administration;
if it were not the present practice to confer the highest
functions of the state according to ,mere personal consi-
derations, we might examine the suitableness of the
choice which calls a disgraced Minister to direct our
African colony, solely because he has not succeeded in
another post, and that his presence in Paris has become
inconvenient. But, under a Republic, it would be per-
haps an extreme license to allow oneself such an observa-
tion; we shall, therefore, not insist on it. Still less shall
we seek a serious political signification in the change
which has just taken place. Were we not informed about
a year since that always under a Republic the choice of
ministers was not an affair of state, and that in despite of
traditions, habits, Parliamentary exigencies, the twofold
responsibility inscribed in the Constitution, and the ne-
cessities created by a centralization unknown to any
other nation, ministers henceforth in France, as in the
United States, would only be the passive agents of the
President? The latter has not complained, that we
are aware of, at seeing his action thwarted, his will
slighted, and his personality eclipsed by General
d'Hautpoul; but what does it signify? This too faithful
and too eager servant has become an embarrassment;
he will console himself, in his government of Algeria,
with the idea that he is sacrifioadlto the new combinit-
tions of the Ely ske and to the enlightened councils of Dr.
Veron."

The cautious Journid des Debate says :

for our
andou the prl
rpart , hailai a h t
arym
ajy. A
Ministerialorit
pre-
text
with
satisfaction,fo
saads adifartersuhst
pledge of
at
rh. e Exe-
cutive The "We,
power
should now Chamber will resume its labours on the 11th November
next under better auspices, and if there be a struggle it
will, at least, be only the necessary one of good against
evil, of the friends and defenders of society against the
spirit of faction and of anarchy."
The National holds up the fate of General D'HAUT.•
FOUL as a warning to his colleagues. It says—
" Whatever may be the appearances, it is not to the
rivality of the commander of the army of Paris that M.
d'Hautpoul has been immolated. Is it thee to the interest
of the Elyslie? Has M. d'Hautpoul become suspected?
Does the camarilla which agitates itself around the
President of the Republic doubt of the blind,
absolute devotedness of the ex-Minister to the
projects of prorogation in spite of everything? We
know that the Elysie had beneath its hand a general
whose opinions, and especially certain antecedents
to which we may return. specially recommended to its
confidence. Thus, by the substitution of a devoted-
ness which is certain to one which had become doubt-
ful, two birds are killed with one stone. In the first
place, a gain is made by the exchange; in the second,
the Ely 4,,a appears to accord a satisfaction to General
Changareier. It is all profit as the reader sees. How-
ever this may be, M. bchrainm bas been nomina!ed,
and M. d'Hautpoul leaves tenzporargy, says the Moniteur,
for the government of Algeria. What has occurred
appears to us a text for reflections. not very
satisfactory, to his old colleagues. Certainly the ex-
minister had a right to thick that he had sufficiently
made up for his incapacity by his acts of complaisance,
nod yet be is constrained to quit the place. Twit seems
to prove that, if it be permitted to a man to be incapable,
it is not permitted when he is engaged in a certain path
to put limits to his devotedness. The perseverance of
abnegation is also, it appears, a Ministerial virtue. There
are certain members of the Cabinet who would do well to
think on this. Let M. Parieu, for example, remember
M. d'Hautpoul."
General SCHRAMM, the new Minister at War, was
born at Arras, in the Pas de Calais, in December,
1789. He entered the military service before he was
ten years old. He served his first campaign in the
sth corps of the grande armie under Marshal Oudi-
not, who proposed him for decoration after the battle
of Austerlitz. In the campaign of 1806-1807 he
distinguished himself as the aide-de-camp of his
father at the siege of Dantzic, and was made captain
in the Jenne Garde after the capture of that city.
He took part in the rapid and brilliant advance of the
EMPEROR, on Madrid, in 1808 ; and passing subse-
quently with his regiment into Austria, was present at
the battles of &sling and Wagram. He was pro-
moted to the rank of colonel in 1813, and distin-
guished himself by storming the village of Kaye, at
the battle of Lutzen, where he was dangerously
wounded. At the battle of Dresden he was pro-
moted by Napoleon to the rank of general of brigade,
before'he had completed his 24th year, and appointed
to the command of a brigade in the division 14,,ut0n-
Duvernet of the 14th corps d'armale, under Marshal
St. Cyr, who was charged with covering
Dresden. Having re-entered France on July
1, 1814, General Schramm was only employed
during the last two years of the restoration. The
Emperor on his return from Elba appointed him,
May 29, 1815, to the command of the Maine et-
Loire. From 1815 to 1828 General Schramm held
no active employment ; but in the latter year he re-
ceived the command of the Ist division of the camp of
St. Omer. On the Gth of August, 1830, he was ap-
pointed to the command of the Bas-Rhin. In
September, 1831, he joined the Belgian expedition
as commander of the Ist brigade of infantry.
During the siege of Antwerp he commanded the
reserve of infantry. In 1839 he had the com-
mand of the 3d division of the army of Algeria,

•
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