The Sun.
London, England, 1844-06-01 00:00:00

nit

LONDON, SATURDAY, JUNE 1, 1844.

The House of Lords went into Committee on the
Factories Bill ; and, after some discussion, and a
division, all the clauses were agreed to, and the Bill
was ordered to be read a third time on Monday.

In the Commons, the order of the day was read
for going into Committee on the Ecclesiastical Courts
13111, when Mr. T. DUNCOMBE moved an instruction
to the Committee to abolish all ecclesiastical courts,
and transfer the jurisdiction of these courts to civil
tribunals. The motion was lost, by a majority of
115 to 70. A number of other amendments were
proposed, as particular clauses were brought forward,
all in favour of the Bill. After some discussion, the
Chairman reported progress, and obtained leave to sit
again.
In answer to a question from Mr. lIvAtE, Sir R.
PEEL fixed the 10th inst. to proceed with the Bank
Charter Bill.
The other orders of the day were then disposed of,
and the House adjourned at a Quarter to One o'clock.

The scene in the Dublin Court of Queen's Bench on
Thursday, was one which, we believe, has no parallel
in the history of the country. The man who has

more power in Ireland than any other leader ever I
had, who is looked up to by the bar, and even by the ,
bench, as the first lawyer of the day, who has long
held a prominent place in the House of Commons,
and virtually represented the whole of his native
land, was brought up before his colleagues, several of
them his juniors, to receive judgment. On his
entrance, the bar rose simultaneously, and cheered
him, the judge who pronounced sentence wept like a
child, and when the chief traverser (we use the un-
couth epithet enjoined by law) declared his
innocence, " three times three" and " one cheer
more" were given for O'CONNELL. Was ever
martyr so honoured ? And martyrdom it may
be justly called. We have said all along that
he has not had a fair trial. Lord Chief Justice
DENMAN, and all his colleagues, have virtually as-
serted the fact; no English jury would have con-
victed him on such evidence ; yet from political pre-
judice, or ignorance, or something worse, the first
man in Ireland—the greatest benefactor of his coun-
try—has been shut up within the four walls of a
prison like a felon, and at the age of sixty-eight is
subjected to a severe and disgraceful punishment
before the law has had its full course. An appeal is
to be made to another tribunal—an appeal, too,
which, from every possible calculation, will be
successful; yet in these times, in an age
more distinguished for humanity than any
other to be • found in the range of history,
the law of the infernal regions is still the law of the
land. It is the law of PLUTO,
" Castigatque auditque dolo3."
Suppose be had been convicted of high trea-
son, and condemned to death, could not the SOVE-
REIGN have respited the sentence until full inquiry
had been made whether it was just or unjust? This
is an every day occurrence, even while we have no
courts of appeal for capital offences. Yet, in this
instance, where there is a court of appeal, and the
judgment of the lower court may be reversed, the
punishment is inflicted, whilst the victim is suffering
for a crime of which he may be declared by the highest
authority entirely innocent. We •have never approved
of the monster meetings assembled by Mr. O'CoN-
NELL, but, in a spirit of justice, we have been
inclined to view them as we would view the acts of a
man driven to desperation, tvhen he found there was
no other means of protection, and took the law into
his own hands. This is the case of Mr. O'CoNNELL.
He had tried every legitimate means to obtain redress
for the insufferable grievances of his country, he bad
brought forward motions, he had resisted motions
in Parliament, but all in vain ; the Tory and Orange
party were too powerful ; none of his countrymen
though they form a third of the United Empire
were admitted into office ; they were treated as
aliens in blood, and religion, and politics ; the
clergy of the people were described as surpliced
ruffians; and the whole nation was regarded as a
conquered tribe. He was hunted to death, and
he turned upon his pursuers. Is this a crime ?
Is a man not to be forgiven for exceeding the bounds
of the law, when he finds that law will not protect
him ? He may be imprudent, but he is not morally
guilty. This is the decision to which his country-
men have come, and not the mob, the offseeurings of
the people only, but the first men of the land, and the
leading barristers in the Four Courts. The Govern •
meet have obtained a victory, but have they rendered
Ireland more secure ? They have excited a spirit
which will rankle in the heart of every repealer, and
make the Catholics cry for vengeance on their op-
pressors. • _

The Post of this morning observes, in the course of
an article suggested by the visit of the Emperor of
RUSSIA to England, whose shores he has by this time
touched—" The presence of his Imperial Majesty, si-
multaneously with the King of SAXONY, in this coun-
try, will infuse a fresh impetus into the gaities and
festivities which are already in the course of preparas
tion. We feel sure that all classes of the community
will fully appreciate the honour of this visit, and
that Englishmen of every grade will unite to
greet his Imperial MAJESTY with a cordial and
hearty welcome." Without going quite so far as our
Contemporary in his expression of a hope that the
Emperor of RUSSIA will meet with " a cordial and
hearty welcome," we will content ourselves with
hoping that his reception will be such as is worthy
of a free, dignified, and enlightened nation, and that
during the whole period of his residence among us,
he will be everywhere treated with the respect which
is undoubtedly his due. To more than this we
do not see that he has the slightest claim ;
a grave courtesy and a considerate abstinence
from anything that may tend to hurt his
feelings whenever he ventures publicly abroad, is the
utmost he is entitled to expect at our hands. A hos-
pitable reception is very different from an enthusiastic
one, and most assuredly there is nothing in the public
character of the Emperor of Russia—we say nothing
of his private one, which is, we believe, exemplary
in every respect—calculated to call forth the enthu-
siasm of Englishmen, or make his arrival the subject of
general rejoicing. When his brother ALEXANDER last
visited this country, the case was materially different.
We had then just brought to a triumphant conclusion
the long and sanguinary war against the despotism
of France, impersonated by NAPOLEON, and in this
war the Russian Essrzaost took a most conspicuous
part; he was, in fact, our trustiest and most in•
fluential ally, and maintained with equal zeal and
perseverance the great struggle for the deliverance
of Europe. As a matter of course, his successes
were our successes—his defeats were our defeats ;
the interests that for the time bound us to-
gether were essentially the same; we were
led to believe, too, that he was a Mo-
narch exceedingly tolerant and enlightened in
his views, and willing, and even anxious, to
ameliorate the political and social condition of un-
happy Poland—in whose fate Englishmen, from the
days of KOSCIUSKO, have always taken a deep in-
terest ; and consequently when he made his appear-
ance among us, we received him with general
enthusiasm, for we felt that he had every claim on
the admiration and good will of a brave, indepen-
dent, and civilised people. But this is certainly not
the case in the present instance. The Emperor
NICHOLAS is not known to us as a lover of free
institutions ; we cannot forget that he was the
very last of the European Sovereigns to recog-
nise the right of France to choose her own
ruler in the person of Louts PHILIPPE ; and still less
can we, forget—would that we were able to do so ?
the ruthless severity with which he put down the late
Polish insurrection; the unscrupulous manner in
which he destroyed the last remaining vestiges of
constitutional liberty yet existing in that ill-starred
country; and the vindictiveness of his conduct to-
wards the bravest and most patriotic Poles, the ma-
jority of whom are now wearing away their lives,
without the faintest hope of release, in the mines and
deserts of Siberia. Neither are the EMPEROR'S recent
proceedings towards the Jews to be "washed in Lethe
and forgotten," whom—for some mysterious reason or
other, which no one has yet been able fully to ex-
plain—he has banished by thousands from the Rus-
sian dominions. We do not recur to these things,
from any wish to excite a popular feeling against the
Emperor NICHOLAS; far otherwise, for we do confi-
dently hope and believe that he will be everywhere
treated with that grave, calm courtesy and considera-
tion, which best become the dignity and self-respect
of a great nation like England ; but we mention them
because we think it right that our countrymen should
be made aware of the exact claims—" neither exte-
nuated nor set down in malice"—that the Emperor
of RUSSIA has upon their admiration and their enthu-
siasm.

According to the accounts from Madrid of the 24th
ult., the two Queens and the Infanta were expected
to reach Valencia on the 23d, where they would re•
main till the 28th, and then proceed to Tarragona.
At Barcelona several political prisoners had been set
at liberty in honour of the royal isit. The Court
were not to arrive in that city till the Ist inst.
The Three per Cents. were done at 281 for cash,
and 28i at sixty days ; the Five per Cents. at 20i for
cash, and 20- at 60 days.

Nearly all the Paris papers have articles on the
brilliant speech made by 111. TRIERS relative to
French interests in South America, from which we
have already given extracts. Those of the Opposi-
tion dwell upon it with admiration, and describe the
effect produced by it in the Chamber as almost un-
precedented. llis severe attacks on M. GUIZOT'S
foreign policy has called forth a bitter reply in the
Journal des Debats. " It is easy," says the writer,

" ith talent, imagination, and a sincerity that is
not over scrupulous, to compose an historical ro-
mance of the vicissitudes which may have been
experienced by a few Frenchmen, urged by a spirit
of adventure, or the excitement of local passions, to
take part in the quarrel of the two republics. It is
easy to excite the passions of an audience by an
exaggerated picture of those sufferings, and
to throw responsibility on the Government•
of a country, and disgrace upon its policy.
All this is so easy, that it requires but little talent,
and in this M. THIERS is not wanting. Consequently
his romance had full success on all the Opposition
benches. We doubt of its having the same success
with men of reflection, who do not content themselves
with this cosmopolite sensibility when permanent in-
terests and invariable principles, which a government
ought to maintain, are in question, and which should
be defended equally against the importunities of their
fellow-countrymen alit the pretensions of foreign
Powers. What would be the fate of a government
condemned to draw the sword at the command of
every passion that chooses to display itself, and wield
it from one end of the world to the other ? What would
become of the dignity of a nation obliged to make
itself the Don Quixote of every private interest which
may involve itself in quarrels of Republics or Kings ?
Is it not evident that we are called upon to makoalniver-
sal war against all corners and on every occasion—war
agaist all seekers of adventures, and for the profit of
every one who may choose to speculate upon the
great name of France ? France has made one war
upon ROSAS, and imposed a treaty upon him, the
terms of which she knows how to compel him to
respect. France never avails herself of her strength
unjustly against the weak. She makes a point of
honour to respect her engagements, even when she
can violate them with perfect safety to herself. It is
this policy which enables her to march with her fore-
head open, and hold her head high in the councils of
nations. The advice now given to her is the policy
of a corsair; but it will fever be the policy of the
statesmen who have during four years protected
the peace of Europe against the extraordinary prin-
ciples maintained yesterday by M. THIERS. The
speech by which the Minister of Marine replied to
the wanderings of M. THIERS secured him a distin-
guished place among our statesmen. It is impossible
for any one to use language more firm, more con-
vincing, more moderate, more conciliating. The
Minister of Foreign Affairs will to-morrow put the
finishing stroke to this invention. He has promised
to do so, and will keep his word. We, therefore,
have no fears for the result. M. TRIERS had long
meditated this blow, destined, no doubt, to overturn
the Ministry, but which has not even made it shake.
He may at his ease calumniate the Government and
the country. His attacks may be pleasing to the
enemies of France, but this is all he can hope for at
present. Power—thanks be to GOD !—is not yet
ready to fall into the hands of those who, while they
are longing to grasp it, are engaged only in de-
basing it."
The Chamber, as a tribute of repect to the memory
of M. LAFFITTE, did not meet on the day of his fune-
ral, which was attended by nearly all the members,
and attracted vast crowds. We ate glad to learn,
that, up to the hour of post, every thing passed off
quietly. An account of the funeral will be found in
another column.

On Thursday the Three p.r Cents. had risen to
84f. 80c.

The following are extracts from the papers :

The National says that M. Laffitte has bequeathed a life-
interest in his property to his widow. He has left, says this
journal, three testamentary executors : Dr. Delaberge, M.
Aumont Thieville, the notary, and M. Lebaudy, one of the
directors of the Caisse du Commerce et de l'lndustrie.
The Quotidienne, alluding to the statement in the German
papers, about a projected marriage between the Duke de
Bordeaux and a 1\ eapolitan Princess, says :—" This pretended
news has not the slightest foundation. No negotiation of
marriage has been entered into with the Court of Naples, in
the name of the Duke de Bofdeaux. The Count de Montbel,
who is represented as anunsuccessful negotiator at Naples, has,
since his return from France, been in attendance at the pillow
of the august son of Charles X., and it is not of marriage
most certainly that the royal family are thinking at present."
We learn by a Geneva journal of the 28th that the dis-
turbance in the Valais is regarded as effectually quelled. The
Grand Council has resumed its sittings, and issued a,decree
for the immediate dissolution of the armed society of La Jeune
Suisse, to which it attributes 'all the recent disasters. The
members of this society, who should refuse to obey the in-
junctions of the Council, are to be regarded as rebels.
A letter from Constantinople, May 13, in the Courtier
Francais, says :—" Affairs are becoming more and more
menacing, the whole province is in revolt, and bands have
united together in great bodies, which spread alarm and
destruction everywhere. According to the, latest news, the
town of Souda was attacked by 15,000 Albanians, and closely
blockaded. Ali-Bey was coming with 3,000 men to the suc-
cour of the town. After a desperate conflict he rode through
the ranks of the Albanians, and penetrated into the town.
The Turkish soldiers had fought with courage, having
left eight hundred men dead on the field. Notwith-
standing the augmentation of the garrison, the Alba-
nians continued to invest the town. Hussein-Pacha,
who had entered with 5,000 troops into Albania, has lost a
considerable number of men. lie was obliged to ratire to
Monastir, the principal position of the Turkish army, under
the orders of the Seraskier of Kenn-Lelia. Anothez Turkish
corps had succeeded in occupying the defiles ~.)f Keprelu,
which prevents all communication between the mountains
and the valleys. Aegripalanta, a town in RoAmelia, between
Uskup and Gysten, where there was no Turkish garrison,
was taken and pillaged by the Albanians, They have, it is
said, massacred more than 1,000 Christians. This week a
body of infantry, 3,800 strong, has tot out from Constan-
tinople for Monastic. It is asserted that M. de Titoff has re-
commended the Porte to arm the Christians, and employ them
against the Albanians.
THE BOURSE—THURSDAY, MAY 30.
First Highest Lowest Last
Price. Price. Price. Price.
French
Four
peperrCceenntsts........
... 611:2581'
7585
660122 .. 121 85 .• 122
108 • • 103 .. 108
Three per Cents.• •• • s 7
.0 •• 84 75 84 70 .. 84 75
Bank of France 30 5 • • 3075 .• 3075 .• 3075
1140 •• 1135 ..1135
Lallatte Bank,
5,000 f• Sharessl2o ••5122 50 .•5120 ..5122 59
Belgian Bank..• • • • • •.. 658 75 .. 660
I,ooof. Sharesll4o .•
Belgian Fives, 1831. •••• • • • • 104 104 •• 104 .• 104
1840 •••• • • • • 106 106 •• 106 •• 106
Spanish Three 5................ 36 • . 351
Active •••••• • • • • " 321 • • 321 .. 321 .. 321
Pas
1025155 10:165 10:155 •.: 10:1
Neapolitan 1025
.. .
65
Roman, ex div• •• •
RALLIVAY SHARES.
St. Germain • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 920 • • 925 920 .• 920
Versailles, R. 13.. •
L. 8.• • • • • • • • • • • • 253 75 .. 257 50 .. 253 75 .. 255
Mich ...... •• • —l2OO ..1000 —lOOO ..1000

Rouen to Havre•
Orleans ..•.. ...... •••• ••••10P 25 ..1013 75 "1011 25 ..1013 75

Strasburg to Bale •
Avignon to Morsoilles• • •• 792 50 .. 792 50 . 790 •• 790
RAIFWAY SHARES, FOR THE ACCOUNT.

St. Germain ......... • . • • • 920 ;F;
Versailles, it.B. •• . • ...... 390 .. 400
260
ltouen'... • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1000 1005

.. 920
•• 390
.• 255
1000

.. 920
.. 400
.. 255
..1000

Rouen toillavre•. ..... 777 60 75 ..i7G 25 .. 77G 25
Orleans ..... ..•• ..••••1012 50 ..1015 .•1011 25 .•1012 50

Strasburg to Bale•••• •• •• •• 258 75 .. 2bB 75 25 .. 257 50
Avignon to Marseilles•• •• •• 792 5O .. 792 50 .. 790 •• 790

DISSENTIENT ON THE LANCAS
TER RAILWAY BILL.

1. Because the reasons assigned by the Commons are
wholly insufficient. They proceed mainly on a gross and
palpable error in law; namely, the assumption that there is
in law a difference between Railway Bills and Road Bills,
whereas a Railway Bill is to all intents and purposes a Road
Bill, unless in so far as some special provision may have been
made for Railway Bills in some particulars, and it is not
pretended, that the amendment in question came within the
scope of any such provisions.
2. Because in so far as it is alleged, that the gates sought
to be erected, were not on the railway, but on another road,
that road was most materially affected by the railway, its
traffic being very greatly diminished, and the road becoming
more like an occupation or private road than a turnpike-
road, and the gat:;,,s were only to be erected after the comple-
tion of the railway.

71;;;;es;,1;;;c far as want of notice is alleged, the like
leave to erect gates has been given in former instances, by
private Acts of Parliament, without any such notice.
4. Because the projectors of the present Bill had agreed to
have such a clause inserted, as a condition of the intended
opposition being withdrawn ; and had represented that they
had stated the clause to many—it was said fourteen persons
—several of wheel were turnpike trustees of the old road in
question.
5. Because whether the Commons were right or wrong,
such clause having been made a condition made to the
withdrawing opposition, the refusal to agree to the amend-
ment ought to have been regarded by this House as a ter-
mination of the contract, whatever might be the cause of
such refusal and the party who had made the contract in
favour of the Bill, on the condition of the clause passing,
mould have been let in to oppose the Bill ; or, if that could
no longer be done in this stage, the Bill ought not to have
been passed without his consent, which should have been
obtained on some other equivalent condition.
6. Because it is of the utmost importance to prevent frauds,
and to protect individuals from the most grievous oppression,
that the most perfect good faith be always kept between pro-
jectors of works, applying for private Acts of Parliament, to
arm them with extraordinary powers, and private parties
with whom they bargain respecting their assent or opposi-
tion to such Bills.
7. Because the projectors of this work undertook to have
the clause passed, and this was part of their bargain with the
private party, and if they had had fairly applied to the road
trustees, and given them due notice, no deception could have
eßecause
been practised, and no objection could have been taken, either
by the trustee: or the Coinmone:,
8v
hithe Lords, when the pre-
sent motion was made, was a delay which could not possibly
have preventedail
lththea.BtlNlNl'afsrof:e' l
passing by the space of above
one day ; and the delay was asked on the express ground,
that material evidence was ready to be produced which must
have affected the question, whether the Commons' amend-
ments should be agreed to or not.
0. Because the Bill was thus, in an unprecedented manner,
hurried through, in the face of a notice given in the House
that a Select Committee would immediately be moved for,
to consider what had been the conduct of the promoters of
the Bill, grave allegations being made that the opposition
had been originated either by them, or in consequence of
their proceedings, in entire breach of their contract with the
private party.
10. Because this House has never, even in its legislative
capacity, decided without hearing, unless where the matter
in question was really a cover for some party proceeding, and
was not the true subject of deliberation. But in its judicial,
a quasi judicial capacity, and when dealing with rights of
property and claims of parties interested, it has never, save
ill this instance, decided without hearing those parties.
BROWIIA3I,

THIS DAY'S NEWS.

VICE-CHANCERY.-(THIS DAY.)
(Before Sir J. WIGRA3I.) •
The Court was occupied, during the morning, with the
hearing of short causes and unopposed petitions. When the
latter had been gone through. the Court proceeded with the
part-heard cause of Benson v. Hadfield,, which was .the first
cause set down on the paper.
(Before Sir J. K. L BRUCE.)
Several cases were disposed of in the course of the morn-
ing, bat none of them involved any feature of public interest.

BAIL COURT.-(THIS DAY.)
(Before Mr. Justice WIGHTMAN.)
THE QUEEN V. THE, CORPORATION OF WEYMOUTH.
Mr. KINGLAKE applied to the Court to quash the return
made by the mayor and burgesses of Weymouth to the writ
of mandamus in this case. The mandamus was directed to
the mayor and burgesses to elect two revising assessors. By
the Act of the sth and 6th of 'William IV., c. 76, sec. 18,
the mayor and assessors for the time being were to revise the
burgess .list; but, to get rid of the inconvenience that arose
from the words "for the time being," a subsequent statute
directed that the revising assesors should beelected on the Ist
of March every year,in the same manner as the auditors of the
borough, but if no assessors were elected, the old burgess-list
was to continue in force. No assessors had been elected on
the Ist of March, and therefore on the 9th of November,
when the list was to be revised, it was found there were no
assessors to revise it. The mandamus issued to compel them,
and the return they made, was, that there was no assessor,
which was not a proper return ' • because, if there was no as-
sessor, it was competent to the Mayor to hold a meeting and
elect them, under the 11th of Geo. I. Another objection
against the return was, that it was vague and uncertain.
Mr. WIGHTMAN—By the late Act it was necessary that
you should proceed by demurrer.
Application refused.

QUEEN-SQUARE.-(TIIIS DAY.)
Mrs. Mary Ford, a fair specimen of an Irish washerwoman,
was charged with riotous and irregular conduct at a most
unseasonable hour this morning, in College-walk, Chelsea.
A policeman found her in the society of two of her sisterhood,
all of whom were apparently endeavouring to have the best
of an argument on some matter of domestic import. The
disturbance which they thus created in the almost deserted
street, disturbed the inhabitants from their repose, the most
'nervous of whom threw up their windows and inquired the
reason thereof. With much difficulty, the defendant's com-
panions were induced to "make the best of their way home,"
but Mrs. Ford would not move for any man on " airth," and
stood her ground until forcibly removed by four policemen,
who-had exhausted all their persuasive powers in their en-
deavours to get her to go quietly home. No, she was ob-
durate, and the mere the police persuaded, the more did Mrs.
Ford's wrath increase • round oaths issued from her lips, and
the police, in self defence, took Mrs. Ford to the station-
house, in the way to which she poured forth the very lava of
her wrath unsparingly upon. them.
She was ordered to obtain a person who would give some
security to the Magistrate that Mrs. Ford should not create
such a disturbance. again in the public streets, for some time
to come at least.