The Sun.
London, England, 1850-08-21 00:00:00

LITERATURE.

LON DON,

THE EASTERN COUNTIES RAIL-

PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE. 2 Vols.
On first taking up these volumee, and casually
turning over the pages, on one of which, gracefully
surrounded by birds and flowers, we read—" to the
prettiest brown e 3 es in the world and a heart thii
little work is dedicated ;" and in another, towards the
close of the second volume, in the "Future" chaetr,
we find a record of that terrific deluge in England
(in the year 1880) which destroyed so many
thousands of persons, and depopulated so many
towns and villages in the midland counties—we
are disposed, and not without reason, to regard
"Past, Present, and Future" as a somewhat eccen-
tric, nod maybe ridiculous, composition. Let the
reader, hoa ever, pause before pronouncing such a con-
demnation. If he have patience to pursue his
investigations a little further he will find in the chap-
ters entitled " Present " so much of interesting and
valuable matter, written with so much earnestness
and eloquence, as will induce him to look leniently
upon the extraordinary nature of the concluding
pages, even upon the mention of that calamity which
marked " the closing years of good Queen Victoria's
reign." For what reason such an incident is intro-
duced we are totally unable to conjecture. We
therefore very willingly turn from that portion of the
work, which, in, our opinion, might have
been omitted with advantage, to consider the
preceding portion, which we have perused with in-
terest and satisfaction. In the preface we are told
" the first part of this book contains the story of a
life ; the second part mostly contains familiar letters
on various subjects—chapters illustrating those sub-
jects interspersed with the letters; the third part will
speak for itself." To that third part we have alarady
alluded ; the first part relates the history of Cecil
Latimer—her love-story, her misfortunes, and her
unexpected inheritance. Tile second part is
of a very different character. The heiress is
here established at Ashdown, the mistress
of most extensive domains, numbering miserable vil-
lages and innumerable and wretched tenants. By a
process which some of her neighbours ascribe to magic,
the mistress of Ashdown gradually surrounds herself
with happiness in the place of misery, and calls up
industry and prosperity in the place of sloth and star-
vation. A series of letters, intermingled with glimpes
of the life at Ashdown, record the transformation and
afford en opportunitr for the introduction of many
truthful and beautiful thoughts, and many observations
of sound and practical wisdom. As a specimen of
which, here is the secret cf Cecil's magical achieve-
ments:—

WAY STRIKE.

The following address to the shareholders of the
Eastern Counties Railway Company has been handed
to us for publication :
" To proveht misapprehension on tle part of the
shareholders and the public es to the position of the en-
gine-drivers and. firemen lately in the employment of the
E,,ste:n Counties Pailv.ay Company, the directors f,el
it their duty to publish the following statement of facts.
On the 22d of last month Mr. Gooch entered on his
duties as locomotive superintendent on this railway.
"On Monday, the 12th inst., a dopNation from the
engine-drivers and firemen doired to see some of the
directors. They were received by Mr. Ellis wlien they
presented io him a memorial complaining if Mr. Gooch,
in the following words:—
" TO THE CHAIRMAN AND BOARD OF DIRFCTORS CF THE

" On the subject of Miss Latimer, Mr. Adair would
hold forth without coming to any conclusion, but
always ending thus:—' It is extraordinary, I cannot
make it out.' lie forgot to notice that Cecil went the
straight road she had in view, to some determined end;
that in watters of business she never stooped to gather
up the twigs and flowers on the wayside; that in her
eves business was business, not amusement; that she
looltel on the improvement of persons and things, as
the taxes, duties, and financial measures of the Go-
vernment of her property and people; sad she never en-
tered into discussions on those subjects but with a few
persons whose opinions she looked up to. Mr. Adair
overlooked Miss Latimer's steadiness in bringing things
slowly and gradually to what she had in view. flu would
change and demur, and turn round and pause and tem-
porise, while, like the Princess in the Arabian Tales,'
she walked straight up the mountain, having once dis-
3overed at the bottom of the hill the pathway, amid
briars and thorns and thistles, without regard to those
who call,d to her to stop and loiter by the way."
The remarks on music and its influence are among
the beautiful and truthful observations we have
alluded to as forming a conspicuous part of the his-
tory of " The Present." What we are, moreover,
especially pleased with in these portions of the nar-
rative is the forcible manner in which that too-often
forgotten truth is impressed upon the would-be
friends of the poor, namely, that the poorest and
most miserable among us have not only sensations
but sentiments like their "betters." Cecil delights
in witnessing the interest with which her once
wretched and almost depraved villagers listen to the
beautiful music which, both at church and in her own
dwelling, she provides for their benefit. " After
them Mod and clothing," is her maxim, "let
us encourage among them the love of music, and
flowers, and poetry, let us teach them they have
souls." On the same subject the heiress thus con-
verses with her friends :
" Thei e is no person living who cannot be dealt with
in some way or other, or have not their sentimental
turn, if you can find it 'jut. It is the point on which they
are tenderest, and music will make its aay on the
roughest, hardest, moat savage nature.
" You are perfectly egbt," said Miss Latimer, "every
one is sentimental abc.ut something. One looks down
at the violets, another up at the stars; one person about
their dog, another allout their daughter. That is the
feeling to lay hold or. I cannot write poetry, but I
would willingly turn ,a poetical feeling into active utility."
With such, and eve n more truthful and eloquent re-
marks, the "PresehV " portion of this work is richly
stored. It is full of practical wisdom, enforced in a
most impressive and Attractive manner. As such we
cordially commend it, notwithstanding its eccentrici-
ties, which eccentrici ties we hope to see avoided in
the next work by the same author.:

LONDON MEDI CAL EXAMINER. No. V.
This is the fifth DI unber of a new monthly medical
periodical. It contains much useful information on
the public libraries of the United Kingdom, more
particularly on those of the various medical corpora-
tions, which seem to be grossly mismanaged. Among
the various papers, wo would particularly recommend
the attention of our :medical readers to the one on
" Croup," by Edwai ds Crisp, M.D., of Parliament-
street. It is the m odel of what a medical treatise
ought to be, and it; completely exhaustive of the
subject.

THE NAUTICAL MAGAZINE.
We trust the members of the Government
will attentively per use the papers on the subject
of the massacres and cannibalism at the San-
dal Wood Islands, tne New Hebrides, New Cale-
donia, and the Loyally Islands, and will adopt mea-
sures to protect out commerce in those seas. No
doubt the members )f the Pirate Protection Society
will oppose the adop ;ion of any such necessary mea-
sure of maritime police until some one of the
membEr3 of the imn taculate body shall have actually
seen an Englishman (according to Mr. Cobden 'b
theory, it must be an Englishman to authorise our
interference) regularly slaughtered, roasted, and
eaten ; but, fortum'itely, the united efforts of the
knav6s and the noodles can only muster a Parlia-
mentary force of sev sateen, and therefore the Minister
can afford to treat them with contempt. We hope
shortly to have a good account of these cannibals
from the conumandor of one of our steam-frigates.
The magazine for this month contains, besides this
paper, a variety of f xtieles on nautical subjects.

THE GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE.
Sylvanus Urban opens with an admirable article
entitled " Who wrt ,te Shakspere's Henry VIII. ?" a
question which the writer answers by attributing a
considerable portion of it to Fletcher. " A Record
of Rambouillet " is a pleasant gossipping paper anent
the various possessor •s of that celebrated domain. The
author has caught the true French spirit of memoir
writing. Mr. Francis Harwell contributes an ad-
mirable " Memoir of Paul Louis Courier." In speak-
ing of his murder, Par. Harwell says—
" Paul Louis Cot trier was shot on the 10th April,
1823, a few steps fro. ai his house in the country : he died
immediately. SuspicAon attached to the Government, to
his wife, to some pr ivate enemy; but we have no light
to guide us in pronot :acing on whom the guilt lies."
We were in Franc e at the time, and the generally
expressed opinion A, yes that the conspiracy to murder
Paul Louis Courier had been concocted at Mow2t-
rouge, and that the hand which pulled the trigger had
been blessed ; in short, he was murdered by the
Jesuits, who have n ',ter wanted a Ravaillac to perform
their behests. `Vu never heard that suspicion at-
tached to his wife. The other papers in the Gentle-
man's Magazine ar, e all of great merit.

PEN, NY MAPS. Part I.
This is a marvel of cheapness, even in this cheap
age. We have he re four accurate quarto maps of
Denmark, Holland , and Belgium, Hungary East and
Hungary West, Ir:ft autifully engraved by Mr. Lowry,
for one penny each, or with the boundaries coloured,
twopence. To Me Ssrs Chapman and Hall is due the
credit of having been the first to place maps within
the purchasing pc wer of the poorest working man.
Every one can no. Tv purchase for himself an Atlas.

CO U .RT CIRCULAR.
OSBORNE, TUESDAY.
The Queen and Prince took their usual early walk
this morning.
The younger members of the Royal Family walked
and rode in Osborne Park and grounds.
Sir Francis Eating arrived at Osborne yesterday
afternoon, and wi 11 accompany ber Majesty and his
Royal Highness 'in the intended trip to Ostend.

The Chancellor of the Exchequer has left his seat,
Hickleton Hall, Yorkshire, for Biro= Dunkeld.

THE QIUE.EN'S EXCURSION TO
BELGIUM.
PORTSMOUTH, TIIESDAY.—Tho royal yacht Victoria
and Atber, Captain Lord Adolphus Fitzclarence; the
FAiry, royal yacht, Master-Commander Welch ' • the
Black Elgle, Admiralty steam-yacht, Master Com-
mander 5.13. flook;`and the Vivid steam packet, Master-
Commander Smithett, all assembled at Cowes this morn-
ing, and subsequently moored off Osborne, with steam
nr, ready for weighing, but this afternoon. about 3.30,
her Majesty '6
iutcntion not tot Inbark u -day, in crunie-
quenee Lf the high ACbterly gale blowing, was tele-
graphed to the Commander-in-Chief here. The Vivid
subtequeutly returped into this hat bour.

Why is a bad shot like a very amusing fellow ?
Because he is the boy to keep the game alive,

W EDNESDA Y EVENING, AUGUST 21, 1850.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.
FlOlll THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAT.
TIMES.—If any doubt has ever been euter.ained
of the strong adherence of the. great bulk of the
French nation to monarchial principles, that doubt
would be dispelled by the enthusiasm with which all
classes of the provincial population have thrown
themselves upon ihe track of Louis Napoleon, and
have identified his person with all that they desire
and respect in their Government. The addresses
which have been heaped upon the chief actor in these
remarkable scenes, the language of adulation applied
to his services, and even the titles not very correctly
given to his rank, may lose much of their effect when
we remember how lately the same epithets and the
same assurances of loyal devotion were bestowed
upon a race which was exiled en the morrow by a
popular convulsion, and who had in their day strutted
and speechified in the same altitudes and array as
half a dozen preceding rulers of France. But though
the object is perpetually changing, and it would be a
gross abuse of personal vanity to set any store on
these festival engagements between the Government
and the people, yet the tendency to repeat these cere-
monies, and to pay this homage to the personal repre-
sentative of the State for the time being, is as
constant and inveterate as any characteristic of the
French people. In fact, this sort of hero-worship is
carried to such an extent in France that as much in-
cense will be burnt before the sham divinity of the
hour as if he were the lawful occupant of a throne
and the legitimate descendant of a hundred kings.
That idea of hereditary right which is the foundation
of monarchy in its proper sense is faint in one pen,
tion of the French people, and absolutely repugnant
to another portion. But the habit of saluting the
possessor of supreme power with the language of
courtiers and the servility of a dependent nation is
common to almost all parties, and they continue to
flatter after they have ceased to believe. With this
disposition in the French nation, which 60 years of
revolution and a rapid succession of unsettled govern-
ments have not eradicated, it is a misfortune that
these convulsions should have left the country as
hostile as it undoubtedly is to the race of Princes
who were for many ages the object of this defe-
rence. It is to be regretted that a people so anxious
to preserve the forms of monarchy, and which has
made two abortive attempts to found a Republi-
can Government, should have quarrelled beyond
all present hope of reconciliation with its own
family of Monarchs ; for the maintenance of re-
spectful and affectionate relations between the Sove-
I reign and the people is essential to the performance
of their mutual relations and the protection of their
common. interests. But the clearest result of the
whole revolutionary era of France down to the pre-
sent time is, that the Bourbons are so distasteful to
the prejudices and feelings of the people, that no per-
sonal merits or services of the Princes of that family
can atone for their birth, and they have four times
fallen from the throne, though not, except in 1830,
by any direct provocation of their own. The politi-
cal circles of Paris, or certain benches in the National
Assembly, may contemplate the possibility of another
Bourbon restoration by the will of the people, and
may even be occupied with the means of bringing
such a change about; but in the mass of the commu-
nity these, undertakings awaken no response, and if
they ever prove successful, the nation will submit
to the change, but without taking any real part in
it. They had almost as soon endure the Republic
itself. These circumstances are, of course, pecu-
liarly favourable to the ascendancy of Louis Napo-
leon. He has just enough of hereditary claim in
his character of nephew of the Emperor to raise
him above all private competitors for the highest
dignity in the state; but as he can put forward no
Absolute right, he is content to hold whatever he en •
joys by the flattering tenure of popular suffrage. lie
combines some of thb attractions of elective sove-
reignty with some of the prerogatives of traditional
and imputed rank and greatness. He has the merit
in the eyes of the French populace of being called a
Prince though not a Bourbon, and of being Head of
the Republic though not a Republican ; and he has
shown considerable judgment and dexterity in avail-
ing himself of this peculiarity of his position. It is
evident on his present excursion that the appellations
commonly reserved to royalty fell with no unwel-
come round upon his ear, and no allusion to the
stability of the Republic was allowed to pass his lips.
Everything in his speeches and declarations, especially
in his remarkable and well-prepared harangue at
Lyons, was made to consist in the omnipotence of
the people and in his own rights as their brat repre-
sentative. The other servants of the state are
chosen by parts or districts of France, he by the
whole. No doubt an elective sovereignty so sup-
ported by a man not altogether unwortny of the
popular choice or unfaithful to his trust may have a
degree of personal eclat which does not often attach
itself to an hereditary king. But it is exempt
from none of the evils which reason and expe-
rience have shown to be invariably attached to elec-
tive monarchies. Their condition is habitual anarchy
with occasional lucid intervals of successful authority ;
but the greater this success may have been during the
life of a good prince, the greater is the gloom and the
danger which follows his removal, Every demise of
the Crown becomes a revolution, until at last the
army decides what is commonly beyond the strength
of a divided and exhausted people. If by any sudden
calamity Louis Napoleon were removed from the po-
sition he fills in the world, even though he is not a
Sovereign but the Head of a so-called Republic, it is
impossible to foresee or even to speculate on the result,
except that all France would acknowledge the de-
plorable instability of institutions which fail to provide
against the precarious condition of human lfe. -Such
events may be dealt with by the republican constitu-
tion of the United States, where government is a
matter of business; but no provision can be made for
them by such means in France, where government is
in great part a matter of sentiment, of display, and,
so to speak, of patronage. Above all, the intense
jealousies which are injuriously felt iu the United
States, but which imperiously, sway the more volatile
political society of France, would absolutely prevent
the fair choice of any man to govern the country who
should not he marked out beforehand by birth or CM..
nexion.from the herd of competitors. One of the.
chief practical services which the institution of royalty
renders to civilised nations, and especially to free
states, is that it places the largest stake in the coun-
try, and that on which the peace of society depends,
beyond the reach of vulgar ambitions, and provides a
head for the nation without ,the least humiliation to
the dignity of a subject. In this respect Louis Napo-
leon has in his name and descent some of the ad-
vantages of a royal person ; and, though they are
in truth supposititous, the end is answered if they
are recognised by the French people. The world
may become indifferent to mere titular distinctions
and the externals of Majesty, but the substance of
these questions remains the same, for it lies at the
foundation of society, or beyond that, in the depths of
human nature. Toe occurrences now passing before
our eyes in France are no more than repetitions of
that desire of permanence, of order, and of authority,
which is the safeguard of all interests and the basis of
all laws. Louis Napoleon is at this moment the most
suitable—we might say the only practicable—repre-
sentative of these principles. He is doing what he
can, not only to win but to deserve the confidence and
gratitude of the people. He alone in France is doing
exactly what suits himself and what suits the nation ;
and we conclude that he has an increasing chance of
retaining and augmenting a power which others are
scarcely less eager to confer upon him than he is to

merated ?

.
accept. .
DAILY NEWS.—The struggle between civil
and ecclesiastical authority, of which Piedmont is at
present the scene, is not a little remarkable. The
question at issue is, indeed, not new; nor are the in-
fluences invoked on either side, now for the first time
pressed into the conflict. The quarrel is, in fact,
as old as the claims of Rome to the suzerainty of
Christendom, and the spirit of resistance which those
claims have naturally provoked in all governments
conscious of power, independence, or dignity. In the
kingdom of Sardinia the privileges of the clergy
were, previous to the late popular changes, defined by
the terms of a concordat made many years ago be-
tween the papal court and the late king. A modern
recognition was thereby given to the clerical ex-
emptions from temporal jurisdictions, which, though
obsolete in almost every other Catholic country, still
lingered in the dominions of the house of Savoy. Not
only ecclesiastical persons, but all suits and
causes in which matter was alleged to fall within
the scope of ecclesiastical surveillance, were liable
to be thus withdrawn from the cognisance
of the civil courts, and to be placed at the
absolute disposal of clerical tribunals. The right
uncontravened, its exercise varied according to cir-
cumstances. While Charles Albert slept in Austria's
bosom, his police saved the priesthood much of trou -
ble. The press needed no judicial criticism when its
wings were kept closely cut by the primitive shears
of the censorship ; and when Ministerial responsibility
to representative control was as yet unfelt, all ques-
tions of intellectual or political licence were nipped
quietly in the bud. Charles Albert woke, however,
one morning, and, with what sincerity of
purpose we
stop not here to ask, proclaimed his readiness to set
his subjects free. Administrative reforms, which in
other states preluded the change of political institu-
tions, in Sardinia were deferred until the latter had
been to a certain extent completed. War for a time
engrossed the national mind, and still further delayed
the most practical and useful portion of the revolu-
tion thus begun. At length peace was restored, and
the new monarch, with his new representative
system, set about remodelling and popularisiug
the civil and criminal judicatures of the realm.,
Whereupon the Church, or rather the higher clergy,
I aided by certain of the monastic orders, solemnly in-
I terposed their antiquated pretensions, and set ;IT a
' claim indefeasible and sacred, to judge and be judged
in all matters whatsoever where, in their opinion, the
interests of religion might be affected, by ecelesiasti-

cal tribunals. Long discussions and angry contro•
versies ensued—thee king, the chambers, the press,
and the laity of all ranks, being of Mind arid—of
one soul in declarine; that the obsolete syStem of
priestly and irrespoesinla courts must cease, and that
perfect and entire equality should be established be-
fore the law. The bishops and the jesuits, true to
their ancient maxims, resolved to concede nothing.
The clerical jurisdictions were finally abolished ; and
a trivial matter soon afterwards arising in which the
abrogated authority was illegally attempted to be set
up, under the Mandate ef Franzoni, the Archbishop of
urin, the prelate was summoned to appear before
the civil court. Tile summons was treated with dis.
dainful neglect, and the court was obliged to compel
the archbishop's attendance. But no persuasion or
admonition could extract from him an answer to any
interrogatory or acknowledgtnent of the authority of
the tribunal. Judgment was suffered to go by de-
fault, and as the most lenient penalty by which the
judges deemed it possible to vindicate the law, M.
Franzoni was sentenced to imprisonment for four-
teen dep. But the contumacy of the churchman was
ILA quelled. Tne term of his captivity ended, a fierce
crusade against the secrilegiotis innovators was
forthwi.h commenced. Every pulpit re-echoed the
denunciations of the unhunabled prelate. The inter-
ference of Austria and the interdict of the Vatican
were vehemently invoked ; and the forbearance of the
people was vainly supposed to indicate a change of
sentiment, and a repentant reaction in favour of
priestly domination. Suddenly M. de Santa Rosa,
one of the Ministers by whom the contested changes
had been initiated and carried in the Legislature, was
taken dangerously ill. In a few days his case was
pronounced hopeless, and the usual re-quest was made
to the ministering clergy of San Carlo, the parish in
which he dwelt, that the last rites of the Church
should be administered. The Pere Servite thus
summoned declared that he was unable to comply,
having received orders forbidding him to do so
from M. Franzeni, unless a full confession of
penitence for his acts performed as a minister were
first made known. The dying man refused to
quit the world with a falsehood on his lips, and told
the terror-stricken priest that "he knew how to re-
concile his duty to his country with his duty unto
God." Earnest remonstrances were made by the
other members or the Cabinet with the archbishop,
but without effect. Multitudes assembled in silence
around the dwelling where the unshriven minister
lay. After some hours of suspense it was announced
that he was no more. A terrible murmur rose
amidst the throng; and as they separated, such vows
against 'clerical into ercnce, usurpation, and cruelty
were heard, as will not be soon forgotton. A new
source of popular exasperation was soon added. Al.
Franzoni's vengeance was still unquenched: The rites
of Christian burial had likewise been forbidden. The
fury of the populace became ungovernable. They
rushed in thousands to the convent of the Peres
Servites, and threateningly demanded the perform-
ance ef the customary service for the dead. The
nionka had fled, but the excitement had become
so great as to overpower all ordinary sense
of obligation, and a priest was found will-
ing: to perform the offices of sepulture.
The ceremonial was attended by the whole of the
civil functionaries, the army and national guard, and
vast multitudes of all classes of the people. Oa the
foliowiug day the archbishop was called upon by the
Government to resign his see, and upon his refusal
was sent under an escort to a distant fortress. The
monks who had been the instruments of his tyranny
were banished from Turin, and it was supposed that
the Jesuits would be expelled in like manner. Ilatelly
had these events taken place than the replies long ex-
pected from Vienna and Rome became known. Cax-

dinal Antonelli, on behalf of the Church, adjures the
Government of Sardinia to retrace their reforming
steps, and declares broadly that no state has a right
to alter its domestic institutions, so far as education or
worship is concerned, without the previous assent of
the Holy See. And the Austrian Cabinet demands,
by way of set off to the measures adopted by the
Sardinian Government against M. Franzoni, that the
editor of the Opinione, a moderate constitutional
paper, should be expelled from Piedmont. Is it pos-
sible to conceive how any enemy to the Catholic
Church could have suggested a series of measures
more calculated to injure and undermine its

influence than those Which we have thus enu-

DRURY-LANE THEATRE.

Yesterday the annual general meeting of the pro-
prietors of Drury-lane Theatre was,held in the saloon
of the house for the purpose of presenting the 3 early
report and electing six directors. B. B. Cabbell,
Beg., M.P., in the chair.

The following report of the general committee was
read :

•` rhe rep Itt of Vie committee, in August last, an-
nounced to the assembly their gratification at having
succeeded in leasing the theatre for a considerable por-
tion of the year for dramatic performances. Beyond a
most earliest desire for the success of the lessee, in his
endeavours to carry out the object of restoring the drama
to Drury-lane Theatre, it does not come within the pro-
vince of the committee to enter into any detail of the re-
sults of the enterprise; but they assume, from the eircum•
stance of Mr. Anderson resolving to continue his lease,
that he has no fears or despondency of the ultimate re-
sult being a successful one. The lease granted to Mr.
Anderson has three bears to rue, ending in June, 1853,
his term extendiugfrom I)sember to June in each year,
whilst that granted to Mesare. Jullien and Gye for the
ether portion of the year, viz , from Juno to Decem-
ber, lot their operatic and musical performances, will
expire at Christmas, 1853. The committee have the
satisfactiod to state that by the returns from the several
departments, the value of the properties, Sec., in working
the theatre from December last has been maintained,
and, in some instances, considerably improved, and that
the rent has been punctually discharged by the respire-
tivelossees, totally irrespective of their deposits made
and now lying at the bankers' of the committee for se-
curing the due performance of the covenants. In re fer-
coca to the report of last year, the committee therein
ventured to anticipate the patronage of her Majesty in
support of the cause of the mama, which was most gra-
ciously conceded by the occupation by her Majesty
of her private box. In calling the attention of this meeting
to the statement of accounts now laid before them,
which have been regularly audited by John Savory,
Eiq., the cash account exhibits a re cuipt of 4,5921. 45.,
including a .balance from the previous season et
50/, 12.. 3d. ; whilst the payment of current ex-
penses has amounted to 4,2991, 14s. IIJ., leaving a cash
acne at the hankers of 2921 11tl be applied in
; ,
part payment of the txpeus.es of the current quarter.
tee bond debt remains as stated at the last general sa-
sernbly, with the addition of another year's interest,
amounting altogether to 7 6401. Sc. 21. The renters,
trustees; have received the it payment f 5/ per night !or
each performance, amounting to 670/, agreeably to the
arrangement entered int.) with the committee in the
year 1841. The Duke of Bedford has received during
the year five quarters' ground-rent, amounting to
1 6861. 10s. 101, thereby reducing the debt to his Grace
by the payment of 337/. 6s. 21. as compared with the
=tient mentioned in the last annual report. The com-
mittee have, trout time to time, pointed out in their
seve;ral reports to the assembly of proprietors the nece a-
shy of substantial repairs to thereof of the theatre, the
copper of which was Lid down pearly forty years ego,
and had by a process of time become cxceeuingly de-
fective, notwithstanding the outlay annually expended on
it, and the committee have now the pleasure of report-
ing that under the recommendation of their architect,
they have entered into a contract with a respectable
penny by which, at a stipulated sum to be paid quarterly
during seven years, commencing on
.the 25th of March
last, the roofs will be kept in continued repair, and
within such term of seven years the entire roof will be
relaid with lead of a proper weight, under, the superin-
tendence, and subject to the approbation of the architect
of ae company."
Mr. CaAwcoua moved the adoption of the report,
which was agreed to.

BIRTHS and DEATHS in LONDON.
The following is the weekly return published by
authority of the Registrar-General, for the week
ending Saturday, August 17 :
The mortality is decreasing in London. The 864
deaths last week were less by 123 than the deaths in the
previous week, and to nearly the same I xtont less than
the average of the ten corresponding Pieeki. 1846-.9, if
We exclude the week of 1849, when 2,230 I:4=las were
registered. In the same at awn last jeer the danger of
dying in London was twice as great as it is now;
end the epidemics of cholera and its inseparable attend-
ant diarrhma, which destroyed 1,230 and' 188, were fatal
last week only to 8 and to 139 lives. Six of those who
died of cholera were children, one was a dirty labourer
of the age of 41, who lay aboutin steads; and one was
a widow of the age rf 73, who refused•to take nutritious
diet. Of the 139 persons who riled of diarrhoea, 118
were children under 15 years of age, 8 were adults, and
13 were aged persons. •
Looking-at the numbers as well as lire details cf the
cases of cholera returned, and at the advanced period of
the 3 ear—so many weeks after the epid-mic broke oul,
not only in 1832 and 1844, but in 18d3—if must be
adniittjd that the chance of "an Lanny-oak in the
present year is considerably diminished. The immu-
n-ty. .from, attack will no doubt., accelerate' tae
great works which are now in contemplation for
the drainage and purification of Londoh; for it cannot
be forgotten that that unseen power of the air which
slow 60 many thnufands last }ear may return and put
the sanitary. defences of.tbe city
.to a At cond and sevetar
proof, when the population is mere scantily supplied
with vegetables, unit,. bread, and the other meant. of
living. •

The following are the particulars of. the eight cholera
cases;--

On the 10th of August, at 3, Hunt-rtreet, Lambeth,
the daughter Of a veaterman, aged 4'montbt, " vomiting
hypercathaisis, cholera." Mr. G. Wocid, the deputy-
regist.rar..sfates that " the parents of the ceild occupied
a small house, under which runs a most offensive drain;
the former occupiers of this house left in consequence of
!he s►ench arising therefrom." On the 6th ot August,
at 3, Dorset-street, Ratcliff, the ton of a labourer, aged
mouths, "cho:era (26 hours)." On the 10th ot Aug.,
st, 2, Swan-court, Glass-house-street, Whitechapel, the
son of a !armorer, aged 8 months, " Asiatic cholera (24
hours)." On the 12th of August, at the •workhonse,
Kingsland-road, brought from a stable in the Eagle-
wharf-road on the 10;h, a labourer, aged, 41 years,
" English cholera (2 dep.)." Mr. N. Bowring. the
registrar, states that • }fir;- man had not been in
a bed for the last j!ii.x2rlnontht; he lay about. in
stables, but more commonly on the dust-heap in a
yard, and when brought to the workhouse was in a
most filthy conditiur." On the 10th ot August, at 12,
Cock-court, St. James's, Clerkenvvell, the son of a com-
positor, aged 3 }•earn. " Gastro-enteritis (6 days), cho-
lera (26 hours).". On the 15th of August, at 31, Mar-
shall-street, Golden-square. the daughter of a clicker,
aged 8 months. "cholera (24 hours)." On the 10th of
August, at 30, Vauxhall-bridge-road, the daughter of a
labourer, aged 1 year, "dentition, diarrhase, (2 days),
cholera (15 hours)." On the 13th of August, at 3,
Cross-street, Chelsea, the widow of a domestic servant,
aged 73 years, " cholera (3 days), exhaustion from
refusing; sufficient nourishment (1 day)." Mr. W.
Clifford Smith, the registrar, states that •• this p•:rson
was recovering from cholera, but remained low and
weak, and refusing to take nutritious diet died from
exhaustioA."

It is worthy of note that the decline in the general
mortality has taken place on the north side of the river
Th:mes, and that it is observed in both sexos and in all
ages under the age of 60.
The mean temperature of the air in the shade ins
€2.6 deg. ; the temperature of the Thames water was
66.2 dig. in the day, 62 8 deg. in the night. The tem-
perature) of the air was 1.2 deg. above the average of the
cot responding week. Electricity was active, and nearly
an inch of rain fell, chiefly on Monday. The wind passed
.over Greenwich at an average rate of less than 100 miles
a-Jas. _ _ _

In reply to a PROPRIETOR,
The CHAIRMAN stated that Mr. Anderson was
responsible fur 5-7ths of the rent, and M. Jullien fur
2-7ths.
' The out-going directors were re-appointed, who
nominated the sub committee, of which the Earl of
Glengall was named chairman. A vote of thanks to
the chairman terminated the proceedings. •

V•,e following selections are made from the Registrar's
reports:—

In Sc. James, Westminster. sub-district, at 9, St. Al-
ban'-place, Pall mall, a gentleman, aged 57 years, tiled
of "neglected diarrhcet of uncettain duration." The de-
ceased, instead of applying fur medical advice, wbz'si first
seized, made use of prescriptions he had by him. Miedical
aid ens called in when too late.
In Camden-town, sub-district, at 4, Skinner's-place.
the daughter of a brasslounder, aged 22 months, died of
diartl cei (9 days), convulsions (12 hours)." The spot
is ill-cleansed, crowded, and near to stablesand slaughter-
houirs..

In Islington East sub-district, at- Fort-street,
Highbury vale, the daughter of a gardener, aged 9
mouths, died of "diarrhea." Mr. Butterfield, the re-
gistrar, states that "an open sewer runs near the Louse."
At 10; Sidney-place, City-road, a pensioner from the
Royal Navy, aged 55 years, died of " pleuritic (1W days),
terminating in the typhoid state (8 days)." A. elope
and confined place."
In St.. George, Bloomsbury, sub-district, at 19, Chapel.
street, Little Corm-street, the daughter of a cab .4river,
d 2 years, died of " scarlatina (4 days)." No medi-
cal attendant. The registrar stztea ;lint " the deceased
child was taken on the Bth ult. to the Free Hospital,
where some fever draughts and powder were given; no
turther notice aas taken of the case till Sunday, when •
she wit.s.t.eken to a surgeon in the neighbourhood, who
pretext:6d, but not seeing her again, did notice' justified
in certifying the Lathe of death."

In St. Andrew, Eastern Holborn, sub-district. at 2,
Fox place, Fix-court, a widow, aged 44 years, died of
continued fever 25 days, pneumonia bronchitis, 5 days.
Mr. Holmes the registrar stater, " that Fox-place is
close and confined, occupied by people of the loWer order.
The drainage seems good." Also, at 7,- Fleet-row, Eyre-
street-hill, the son of a labourer, aged 3 months, died of
" elect-Fess." No medical attendant. Fltez-row is op-
posite Fleet-ditch, which is now nearly all coveted in.
Drainage good.
In tit. Botolph, sub-district of East London, at 12,
Prince'.-street, Sparrow-corner, Aldgete, the widow of a
butcher, aged 73 years, died " chronic • diarriaosa."
The medical attendant reports, " that tie deceased suf-
fered from cholera in 1849, of which disease hsee hus-
buff' di.d. The street is crowded and generally un-
healthy."
At 5, Htechinson-avenue, Aldgate, the deughtor of a
labourer, aged 1 year, died of " tabes mosenterica, diar-
rhoea." Mr. Spencer, the registrar states, " The Atom
i 3 situate at the end cf the avenue against a high wall.
There are six small rooms in the house, each lot out to
separate families. The informant slates that there are
about 30 or 40 persons residing therein. A child died
of choleraic diarrhoea in the same house, which was re-
ported- in last week's return. Another child is not lit rely
to live. The Whole of the places and neighbourhood
adjoining are very crowded aud.frequently reported as
unhealthy."

Io St. James, Bermondsey, sub-district, at 1, James'.
court, the son of a labourer, aged 18 months, died of
" hooping-cough (5 months), pneumonia, sloughing fri,m
blister (3 wcrko." Mr. Martin, the registrar, states
that " this child lived on Jacub's Island, near to the
scarlatiha cares reported last wed:. He attributesita
death to the cunt:tint:wed poison existing in the court."
la S. caul St. George-in-the-East sub-district, at 22,
Star-stree', a fish dealer, aged 62, died of "apoplexy (12
minutes, first attack.)" (Not certified.) The deceased
was teen b 1 a medical man and medicine administered,
but a certificate was refused; his brother fell dead in a
fit two months before.

SERIOUS COLLISION ON THE THAMES.—At a late
hour last night, a very seriuUS collision occurred between a
strainer and a barge, when both were just off Blackwell.
Pier, and by which it is feared there will be loss of life. it ap-
pears that the Vesper steamer was on her way about eleven
o'clock from Gravesend to London, and was nearing the
Blackwell Pier, when the captain descried a large dummy
barge, laden with coals, bearing in between the steamer and
the pier. He ordered the steamer to be backed, but before
the engines were reversed, the barge, with a strong tide,
came in upon her, and completely took away the bows of the
steamer. Numbers were dashed to the deck as if they had
been shot, and one lady was so fearfully cut about the head
and temples, that on reaching 131ackwall Pier she was imme-
diately conveyed to a surgeon's. Her state was very serious.
It was the opinion of every one present that no blame was
attached to the captain.
Tua ARUNDEL Socurrr.—This society was lately
established for the praiseworthy of of preserving re-
cords of works of art, which, though of high value, would
never be presented to the world through the medium of the
press, except under the fostering influence of an association.
of this nature. The works of art to which this society
drects its attention, with the view of publication, are of two
classes. The first is literary, and the second consist of en-
gravings from important examples of architecture, sculp-
ture, painting, and ornamental design. The society's first
publication, which is now before us, reflects credit on the
spirit and discernment of its members, and constitutes a feli-
citous commencement of its career. It. is an engraving in
the first style of the celebrated fresco of Fra Angelico, in'the
chapel of Nicholas V., in the Vatican. The subject is " St.
Lawrence distributing alms." It is engraved by Gruner, from
a very care ul drawing by Tanner. This print, with a copy
.of the life of the painter, translated by ,13ezzi, front Vasari, is
now in course of distribution to the members' of the society.
THE REPRESENTATION OF CAMBRIDGE UNIVER-
ITr.—A correspondent writes: -" Sundry paragraphs have
bean going the round of the press' in relation to the above,
but it may be stated in relation thereto that they are all
equally Without foundation. There is not the remotest pro-
bability that either Lord Fielding or Mr. 'Lefevre will be
candidates; the latter, it is well known, was only placed in.
his position .on the poll at the last election by a coali:ion with
Mr. Goulburn, or rather, perhaps, by the exchange of split
votes with the latter, and, in addition, has since accepted an
Ake which 'disqualifies him. The writer has good authority
for stating that Lord Fielding has positively declined, as has
also the Marquis of Granby, who was solicited by. some of
the few resident members of the senate On Lord Fielding
declining, a deputation was sent to the Noble Marquis, who
is visiting in Derbyshire with the Duke of Rutland and Lord
Stanley, but with the like result, and the matter has now
been allowed to rest until other influential parties now enjoy!
big the vacation return to,Cambridge, and until:that time all
must necessarily be mere surmise."
MANCHESTER TRADE REPORT, AVG. 20.,--The
t
sudden change in the Cotton Market at Liverpools
quitehas pcauasread
a corresponding change here. Business see
ul vl
izneed
operating., and
buyers and sellers E 4
Locu LEva 17s seem by mutualnconlent to de-
stated as a remarkable fact,
that has not been lower for half ;
that the water i V.lcxh Leven
_.
r

The. Gloucester Festival will commence on the 10th
of FepteMber. 'The special patronage of the Queen•has been
accdrded. The pre►ident is the Duke of Beaufort, and;the.
vier-pre•idents the Earl of Fitzhardinge, Earl Somers, and
Lord Lyttelton.
Tue OLD WESTERN DRAMATICS.—This amateur
comp-any had a field night last eveninf,; at the Dramatic In-
stitution, Gough-street, GI ay's Inn-road. The performance's
consisted of he Road to Ruin, The Unfinished Gentleman,
and The Vicar of IVakefield (Strand version). The whole went
off With great eclat:
DUBLIN, AUG. 20.—Cootes, the pedestrian, success-
fully. completed, yesterday evening, an extraordinary match
against time which he had undertaken, namely, to walk a
thousand half miles in a thousand half hours. The wager
for which he undertook this arduous feat was oily 504 but
it is expected that that sum will be considerably increased
b!, subscriptions. Some days since he appeared in so ex-
hausted a state that his backers scarcely expected they
would be able to keep him up to the task, but as the con-
clusion approached he recovered strength and courage.

TaaasiTau 'TaovE.—A singular discovery was
made last week, by some excavators who were employed in
forming a new sewer from Orchard-street and Strutton-
ground, Westminster. They came across a cesspool which
had been closed for many years, and there dug up a jar con-
taining a considerable suns of money. A scramble took
plied, and it is, therefore, impossible to say what the amount
was. it is remembered•by some of the old inhabitants that
tretween 40 and.6u years ago a large sum was stolen from a
public-house in Ann-street, near at hand, and there was a
hot pursuit, there is reason to believe that the plunder was
secreted on the spot where the present discovery was made.
TUE RULING PASSION STRONG IN DEATH.—
Died, a short time since. at Legbourne, aged 96, John Swin-
date. The decvased had from early life been accustomed to
cock- fig h ling, &c.; and this ruling passion was strong in him
to his death, for he desired that a battle might be fought
upoknis•coitu-lid previously to his being deposited in his
resting- place.
On Monday a mill-boiler exploded at Oldham, by
which the boiler-maker was killed and two of his men
severely scalded. The mill had been stopped for repairs, and
fortunately thud wad av one also on She prdiaideL

can
Nb
Ar era:: nearlyA
y" dry
hh
eo "
century.
COVENTRY Th
don and North-Western Company announce the readiness
for opening of this line of about Mete miles, commencing at
Coventry on the London and North-Western, and terminat-
in:; is junction with the Trent Valley at Nuneaton.
THE ORKNEY MAILS.—Mr. Anderson, M.P., has
been to Thurso. The object of his visit Was to communicate
wick Captain Otter, of her Majesty's steamer Comet, relative
to a report which he has been requested by the Admiralty
to make to them, as to the best arrangements for a steam-
packet communication for the Orkney mails across the Pent-
land Frith.

V(:t trb W'Zittion
YORK AUGUST MEETING.
(THIS DAY.)

(BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.)

Collingwood
Radulphus

Britannia

Ilarriott

Italian
Dauphine

ITriel .
l!ri?,s!ess

Dundas Stakes.

The Oaks.

••• •0 • ••• ••I
The Produce S►akes.

The Queen's Plate.

Tho Saplieg Stakes..

Azath •• • ...
Doubting Jack ...
Princ? of Wales' Stakes.

•• • 1

Trickstreis
Rol horpe

•• • 1

w

... 1
... 2

... 1
... 2

... 1

... . •• • 1

... 2

Sweepstakz:.

walked over

WEST LONDON RAILWAY.
(THIS DAY.)
The half-yearly g-neral meeting of this company
took 'Aloe to-day r.t the London Tavern, for the pur-
pose cf receiving the report of the directors, and trans-
'acting other business connected with the company.
The chair was taken shortly after one o'clock by
Stephen Bird, Esq., the deputy chairman of the com-
pany ; and the minutes of the last Fleeting baying
been read,

Mr. TeIIQIIAND, the new secretary of the company,
then read the following report :
" The- directors, considering the action at law against
-the London and North-Western Railway Company as
the suhsect of the greatest interest to the shareholders,
pt oceel to notice it first in their halt-yearly report. The
-action stry/d for trial, and the jury were chosen in the
month of June last, and the directors hoped it would
have birch tried before the Court of Common Pleas rose
for the vacation, but the number of special jury causes
in arrear was such, that the court did not even
reach the list of new causes; your directors, however,
teal contil-et that it will come on for trial in December
next, and they still entertain the same opinion as ta
the result which they expressed to the shareholders
'at the la, t helf-yearly meting. The traffic on
• the canal -stows a total increase of 3,600
tons over the previous. half-year. In the traffic
from the railway there has beau an increase of 4,300
tons, but to t,,e railway there has been a decrease of
2 500 ?07,. The directors have heen applied to by the
• Ince Halt Coal Company ' to afford them facilities in
the transit of coal on the canal. by the formation of a
stage, for tte purpose of enablinz the railway trucks to
diseb,rge cotes at once into the barges—the directors,
,feeling that the additional trilfic which would he thereby
brought cn the canal must be c,insidetable, have acceded
,to toe application. The requisite outlay is es!ina,:ti.d .at
about 1004 The directors regret that it is net in their
power to report more favourable upon the circumstances
connected with the state of the accounts of Mr. Thernp-
Boo; the late secretary of the company ; the re-
peated assurances given by Mr. Thompson,
previous to the last half-jearly mo.ting, in-
dite:A the directors to express a hope tt;at. the
compa,y would not ultiesately suifcir loss en his Account.
. The dieectora were informed shortly after that meeting,
-.that Mr. Thompiou had lit this country, arid without
giving them any meats tir c.,mmt:7,l,atiog with him until.
within the last month, when a letter was received from
him dated from the United States. The directors have
lost no time in opening a communication, and have ad-
dre,sed a letter to hiin, urging upon him the necessity
of relievinz himself from his present position with the
company. The directors report that they hare hp•
pointed Mr. William Turqu2nd the i..ceitttry to the
company, in the room of Mr. Thompson; and they fur-
ther report'that thy have made arrangemmts by which
the arraial expenditure of the ct)mpacy is considerably
reduced."

Aster some discussion, in which the defalcations of
Mr. Thotnpson, which amount to between 8001. and.
9001., were strongly remarked upon, the report was
agreed to, received, and advted ; but the adoption of
the accounts which accompanied the report were de-
ferAd for consideration to another meeting. In the
course of the discussion on the adoption of the
report, \[r. White strongly recommended the
directors of the company to juin with the
London and North-Western Company in some ar-
ranaient by which the public might be induced to
avail themselves of the facilities afforded by the rail-
way for ths, Great Public Exhibition of 1851, and
also how the traffic on the canal for the same pur-
pose might be improved. If some such course were
not adopted he was afraid the omnibuses would run
away with all their traffic on that important occasion,
and tip. harehol lers of the company would be greatly
injured.

After some otber business had been disposed of a
vote of thnrks to the Chairman was carried unani-
mously, and the meeting srated.

FicANCE.

The Debats says :—The heavy rains which have
lately fallen in various parts of the territory have
given birth to sone apprehensions for the corn her-
%est. Although, undoubtedly, certain partial damage
has been caused we are happy to be able to say that,
according to the information which we have received,
the injury as yet done has been inconsiderable, and
that the harvest, though perhaps inferior to the last
one, which was unusually abundant, gives every pro-
mise of being above the average. Besides, the crops
had been in part got in, and but few hail-storms
have taken place, a cause of injury which is far more
disastrous to the husbandman than a heavy fall of
rain."