The Sun.
London, England, 1844-09-17 00:00:00

and a THIRD EDITION at SEVEN O'CLOCK, for POST, containing- PALLIAMENTARY and all other NEWS in LONDON up to that Hour.

BANK OF ENGLAND, SEPT. 12, 1844

THE COURT OF DIRECTORS of the
GOVERNOR and COMPANY of the BANK of ENGLAND
give Notice, that a GENERAL COURT will be held at the Bank, on
THURSDAY next, the 19th inst., at Eleven o'clock in the Forenoon, to
consider of a DIVIDEND. This will also be one of the Quarterly
General Courts appointed by the Charter.

THE HEPTAPR.;EMION FINE ART
DISTRIBUTION.

by dissolving nitrate of silver in ammonia, and pre.
cipitating the liquor by a sligh; excess of potash. If
this substance be pressed by a lard body,while stillin
a moist state, it explodes wit'. very great violence ;
when dry, the touch of a featkir is sufficient to cause
it to fulminate. The explosion is occasioned by the
reduction of oxide of silver to metallic silver by the
combustion of its oxygen with the hydrogen of the
ammonia, and the.cons6quent evolution of nitrogen
gas.—Athenaeum.

tised by their forefathers, has been sanctioned and
established by the laws of perhaps every civilised
nation, and was recognised in that law which was
given through the instrumentality of Moses to the
Israelites ; nor have we a right to refuse to share the
benefits of commerce, and to cultivate feelings of
kindness and good-will with other States employing
slave-labour, in order to do away with slavery, or
even to prevent an increase of their present sufferings,
because it would be to do evil that good may come
of it.

Mrs. PIRKES begs to inform the Public that, by the advice of
her Friends, and for the satisfaction of the Subscribers, she has fully
authorised a COMMITTEE of GENTLEMEN to act for her in the
General Management of her present scheme. The Public will be
assured thereby of its being carried to successffil termination on the
30th instant.

JOHN KNIGHT, Sec.

EAST INDIA lIOLTSE, AUGUST 2, 1844

At a Meeting of the said Committee, held at 22, Golden-sitar°,
this day, WILLIA3I UPCOTT, Esq., in the Chair, it WI-1S resolved
to publish the following Addrass :
The COMMITTEE of the lIEPTANZAMION LOTTERY for
the management of Mrs. PARKES'S Grand Scheme hereby give
notice, that they have consented to act for her interest, and as a
guarantee to the Public for its due inlAlrnent according to the Pro-
spectus as before published.

THE COURT of DIRECTORS' of the EAST
INDIA COMPANY, do hereby give notice,

That a QUARTERLY GENERAL COURT of the said COMPANY
will he held at their House, in Leadenhall-street, on WEDNESDAY,
the 25th September next, at Eleven o'clook in the forenoon.
JAMES C. MELVILL, Secretary.

EAST INDIA HOUSE, SEPTEMBEII 4, 1844

. -- --
They earnestly request all Persons Intending to subscribe to take
Tickets immediately of her Agents, or at 22, Golden-square, where
these celebrated Prizes of the BOWYEIt GALLERT are to be seen
daily, and where descriptive Catalogues and Prospectuses are to be
obtained.

DONCASTER RACES.

THE COURT of DIRECTORS of the EAST
INDIA. COMPANY do hereby give notice,

That a SPECIAL GENERAL COURT of the said COMPANY
be held at their House, in Leadenhall-street, on WEDNESDAY, the 18th
instant, for the purpose of laying before the Proprietors, for their ap-
probation, a Resolution passed unanimously by the Court of Direc-
tors, on the 21st August, granting an annuity of One Thousand Pounds
(1,0001.) to Major-General Sir William Nott, G.C.8., upon the grounds
herein stated.

The Report required by the By-law, cap. 9, sec. 3, together with
the decaments upon which the said Resolution has been formed, are
open for the inspection of the Proprietors, at this House.
J. D. DICKINSON, Deputy Secretary.

CONVEYANCING.—A SOLICITOR, of seve-
ral years' practice, PREPARES CONVEYANCES on the fol-
lowing terms, viz.:—Leases, 21. 108.; Assignments, 21. 2s. ; Bills of
Sale, 1/. 10s. ; Wills, Bonds, and Deeds in general, on equally mule-
rate terms. Purchasers of property at public auctions will find a
saving of 50 per cent., and the title thoroughly investigated, by ap-
plying at the Offices, I, Bouveric-street, Fleet-street. Letters for
11. M. attended to. Debts recovered, free of all charges to creditor,
far a commission of 10 per cent. Unexceptionable references.

The Committee particularly recommend the Subscribers to defer
their selection of Engrayings, to which the Tickets entitle them,
anti! after the drawing, for the purpose of being enabled to choose
from a larger number of finely-executed Piece than those already
announced in the Prospectus.
The Lottery must be drawn on the 30th instant, as that is the last
day allowed by Act of Parliament.
(Signed) EDWARD PAGE, Secretary.
September I I, 1844.

NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUIt.
ANCE SOCIETY,
26, CORNHILL, LONDON.
Capital £500,000.
Empowered by Act of Parliament.
DIVISION OF PROFITS.
The steady success and increasing prosperity of the Society has
enabled the Directors, at the last annual investigation, to declare a
second Bonus, averaging 60 per cent. on the amounts invested on each
Policy effected on the Profit scale.

MISS CLARA SEYTON'S NEW ENTER-
TAINMENT.
CROSBY HALL, BISIIOPSGATE-STREET.
Patronised by her Highness the Princess Sophia, and her Royal High-
ness the Duchess of Gloucester.
TIIIS EVENING, SEPT. 17,
MISS CLARA. SEYTON has the honour to announce that, in
consequence of the numbers who were unable to obtain admission on
Tuesday last, she will repeat this Evening, Sept. 17, her LECTURE
on ENGLISII COMIC OPERA, illustrated by favourite Songs,
Readings, and Anecdotes, with a Sketch of the Ancient 31instreLs,
introducing Mr. T. Cook's new Minstrel Song, with harp accom-
paniments, composed expressly for Miss Clara Seytou.
Pianoforte, Mr. IV. Masters.
Tickets 23., Reserved seats, 2s. Gd., to be had of the principal music
sellers, and at the hall.
Doors open at half-past seven. To commence at Eight precisely.
N.B. It Js respectfully announced that outstanding tickets will ha
admitted.

ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
CAPTAIN WARNER'S EXPERIMENT having given rise
to a general desire for information on the PROPERTIES of the EX-
PLOSIVE COMPOUNDS at the ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTI-
TUTION, the EXPERIMENTS (so highly interesting) are continued
with perfect safety, illustrative of Dr. RYAN'S POPULAR LEC-
7'UltE on EXPLOSIVE COMPOUNDS, every Afternoon at half-past
Three o'clock, and in the Evenings of Monday, Wednesday, and
Fridays, at a Quarter before Nine o'clock. The varied Lectures of
Professor BACHL/OFFNER daily. The HYDRO-ELECTRIC MA-
CHINE, LONGISOTTOM'S PHYSIOSOOPE, and other original and
beautiful Optical Effects, &c., &c.

Admission, la.; Schools, lief-price.

EXPLOSIVE COMPOUNDS.

CHLORIDE Or NITROGEN.—One of the most for-
midable and one of the most dangerous explosive com-
pounds known to the chemist is a substance called
chloride of nitrogen. It is so dangerous to handle
that chemists have been contented to take for granted
those powers assigned to it by its original discoverers.
The examination of this substance caused its dis-
coverer, Dulong, a severe mutilation of his fingers
and the loss of an eye, and Sir H. Davy, who con-
tinued the experiment, was wounded in the eye by a
sudden explosion. The greatest care should be taken
in its preparation, the face should be protected by a
sheet of iron gauze, and the hands by thick woollen
gloves. For its preparation a glass vessel is filled
with a not completely saturated solution of sal ammo-
niac in water, and inverted in a basin filled with the
same solution. Chlorine is introduced into the bell,
and is by degrees absorbed, the fluid at the same time
receiving a yellow tinge. The formation of oily drops
is perceived on the surface, which collect and sink to
the bottom, forming a deep yellow oily liquid. This
is chloride of nitrogen. At common temperatures
the formation of it takes place but slowly, but when
the solution of sal ammoniac in water is heated to
90 deg. Fahrenheit the action begins very quickly,
and the operation is speedily completed. It explodes,
producing a very loud detonation, at a temperature
immediately below that of boiling water (212 deg.
Fah.), shattering to pieces wood, glass, or iron. In
order to show most simply, and in the least danger-
ous manner, the explosive powers of this compound,
we may allow a drop of it to be sucked up by
blotting paper, and on bringing it quickly to the
light it will explode with a louder report
than that of a rifle. In order to show its
destructive properties we need only adduce the follow-
ing experiment :—lf we were to take a cup, set it on
a piece of board on the floor, and drop a single drop
of chloride of nitrogen into it, and cover it with
water; the mixture, touched with a piece of hot iron,
would explode, the cup be broken in pieces, the water
thrown about, and the piece of the cup on which the
chloride of nitrogen lay be driven deep into the board.
The chloride of nitrogen is resolved into chlorine and
nitrogen gases, the instantaneous production of which,
accompanied by heat and light, is the cause of the vio-
lence of the explosion. It is, however, not always ne-
. : 4., 1 ;t ernlorie or if we
touch it with a stick, dipped into of turpentine
or nut oil, with amber, myrrh, India-rubber, and
a few other substances, the same will take place.
A. compound analogous to this is iodide of ni-
trogen, which explodes with nearly as much vio-
lence as the chloride, but is more dangerous, because
less governable. More powerful in its effects, and a
little better known than chloride or iodide of nitrogen,
is the fulminate of silver. It is prepared by taking.
100 grains of melted and finely pounded nitrate of
silver, putting them into a roomy glass, pouring one
ounce of lukewarm alcohol upon them, stirring them
well together, and then pouring one ounce of fuming
, nitric acid into the glass. Violent effervescence
rakes place, and when the black powder deposited
it the bottom of the glass becomes white, cold
water poured into the glass will cause all action
to cease. The whole operation is completed in
i few minutes, and one of the chief precautions
in making it, is to take a high and roomy glass,
for explosions often happen when the liquid runs
over, and a portion of the fulminate adheres to the
glass. The powder is now to be washed on to the
filter by means of water, and great care is to be taken
that it be not touched with any hard substance, as
the mere contact of a glass rod with the powder has
caused it to explode, and has more than once cost the
life of the operator. The powder must be dried with
very gentle heat, and spread on blotting paper, with
about two grains on each piece. The electric spark,
hard pressure, a blow of the hammer, or contact with
a glass rod dipped into a solution of concentrated
sulphuric acid, are sufficient to ignite it, causing it to
explode.
GUNPOWDER.—The mixture of sulphur, charcoal,
and nitre, called gunpowder, is well known. The
elastic fluid produced by the firing of gunpowder is
found, by experiment, to occupy a space at least 244
times greater than that taken up by the powder from
which it was originally obtained. But from the heat
generated during its explosion, this elastic fluid
is rarefied to upwards of four times its former
bulk. The expansive force of this fluid is there-
fore, at the moment of conflagration, 1,000 times
greater than that of common air. The granula-
tion of gunpowder increases its explosive force.
A. charge is thus made sufficently porous to
allow flame to penetrate and to kindle every grain
composing it at the same time. A mixture of three
parts of nitre, two of dry carbonate of potash and one
of sulphur, forms what is called pubis fulminans,
which, heated gently till it enters into fusion, inflames
suddenly, and explodes with a deafening report. The
violence of the explosion is caused by the reaction
between the sulphur and the nitre being instantaneous,
from their fusion and perfect intermixture, and the
consequent sudden formation of a considerable quantity
of nitrogen gas from the decomposition of the nitre.
FULMINATE OF MERCURY.—Fulminate of mercury,
is similar to the former, though not quite so power-
ful. It crystallizes in fine silky needles, detonates
loudly by percussion, or when rubbed between hard
bodies. In the flame of the candle it daflagrates with
a feeble explosion. Mixed intimately with six times
its weight of nitre it forms percussion powder, which
is introduced in the state of a paste with water lath
the copper caps. The daily papers state that M. Jo-
bard, of Brussels, who has devoted much attention to
p=yrotechnic works, has communicated to the French
Government what he states to be the composition
of Captain Warner's destructive power. It consists,
says he, of a congreve rocket made in this way :—The
head of it is composed of a hollow iron cone, of great
strength, containing a kilogramme of fulminate
of mercury, on which is placed the usual charge
of the rocket, of which the body is twice as
long as those generally in use. He discharges his pro-
jectile from a directing tube from the port-hole of the
vessel, and on a level with the water, so that his projectile,
skimming along the waves, which support a part of its
weight, fixes itself in the side of the enemy's vessel,
where it bursts when the fire reaches the fulminating
powder, and making an immense opening in it, sinks
it at once. The proper'range of this rocket is three
or four miles, but Captain Warner imagines he can
send it five or six, by discharging it from a cannon.
Lie does not say that he will attain his object in the
first attempt, but he will try on until he succeeds.
FULMINATE or GOLD.—Fulminate of gold is a
body analogous to the two former, but being inferior
in its effects, and far more costly, it will not be
made use of. A substance scarcely inferior to
chloride of nitrogen or fulminate of silver is a
combination of oxide of silver with ammonia,
the so-called ammoniaret of silver. It is of a
highly dangerous character, owing to the faci-
lity with which it explodes. It may be formed

DONCASTEL, SUNDAY EVENING.

Several of the principal lodgings have been taken, and,
notwithstanding the variable ar,d unpromising state of
the weather, we are led to believe that the meeting,
although it may suffer by comparison with the "good
old times" of Doncaster, will, a; least, prove an average
one. Irrespective of sport, of which there seems likely
to be a reasonable allowance, there will be enough to
occupy men of business, and to amuse those intent only
on pleasure. On Wednesday we shall have what is so
often mis-called " the settling ;" on the same day and the
following Mr. Tattersall's sales of thorough-bred stock
of all ages, and of the most fashionable blood, including
a large draft from Scott's stables ; and, on a day not yet
fixed, a meeting of noblemen and gentlemen interested
in the races, for the purpose of taking into consideration
the propriety of confining the races, in future, to four
days. Should this be determined on, it will also be
matter of discussion whether it will not be expedient to
prevent the necessity of Sunday travelling by making
Tuesday the first day ; an alteration in the order of run-
ning the principal stakes will be a necessary consequence
of the contemplated change. In the shape of recreation,
there will be the theatre every night ; M. Jullien and
his " unrivalled band" at the Mansion-house, on Thurs-
day evening ; the race balls, &c., &c.

DONCASTER, MONDAY MORNI.NG, TEN O'CLocK.
TIIE LATEST BETTING ON TIIE ST. LEGER.
10 to 6 agst Mr. Salvin's The Cure—take 2 to 1
5 to 1 agst Duke of Richmond's Red Deer—taken
5 to 1 agst Colonel Anson's The Princess
8 to 1 agst Mr. Irwin's Foig,-a-ballagh—taken
12 to 1 agst Dawson's lot

20 to 1 agst Mr. J. Hampson's Lightning—taken
500 to 25 laid on The Cure agst Devil-to-Pay in their places.
No others mentioned.
CHAMPAGNE STAKES.
5 to 2 agst Lancashire Witch—taken
4 to 1 offered agst any other
About a dozen expected to run.
ARRIVALS OMITTED IN OUR LAST.

The division of profits is anneal, and the next will be made in De-
cember of the present year.
This institution offers many important and substantial advan-
tages with respect both to Life Assurances and Deferred Annuities.
The assured has, on all occasions, the power to borrow, without ex-
pense or forfeiture of the Policy, two-thirds of the premium paid,
(see table) ; also the option of selecting benefits, and the conversion
sf his interests to meet other conveniences or necessity. Assurances
for terms of years are granted on the lowest possible rates.
F. FERGUSON CAMROUX, See.

LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY
SOCIETY.
AUSTRAL ASIAN, COLONIAL, AND GENERAL LIFE
ASSURANCE and ANNUITY SOCIETY.
Capital 200,0001., in 2,000 Shares.
DIRECTORS.
Edward Barnard, Esq., F.R.S. Gideon Colquhoun, Esq.
Robert Brooks, Esq. Charles E. Mangles, Esq.
henry Buckle, Esq. Richard Onslow, Req.
John Henry Capper, Esq. William Walker, Esq.
SECRETARY—Edward Ryley, Esq.
The following are specimens of the premiums charged by this Corn,.
pony for the assurance of 1001.

" These are my conscientious convictions, the re-
sult of long and serious consideration ; and they
are respectfully offered to the consideration of
the Committee of the Bristol Auxiliary Society, in
the hope that, though they may not concur with
me in these views, they will give me credit for
estimating very highly the character, talents, and
humanity of the Committee of the Parent Society,
and for the desiring the abolition of slavery and com-
miserating the condition of the negroes as sincerely
as ever; and I will thank thee, as the Bristol Secre-
tary, to lay this paper before the Committee, on be-
half of their friend,

1 20 I 30 1 40 I 50 I 6O

An. Prem. 1 £1 10 3 1 £2 0 7 1 £2 15 3 1 £4 1 8 1 £6 3 0

This Company offers the advantages of the guarantee of an ample
subscribed capital--of permission to retain one-third of the premium
in their own hands (the portion so retained, with interest upon it,
being deducted from the policy when it become a claim),—of ascend-
ing, descending, and other scales of premiums,—and of participation
in the profits at the end of every five years.
TO EMIGRANTS, TO THE AUSTRALASIAN COLONIES,
assured for the whole of life, this Company offer the permi4sion to
proceed to, and reside in, any of those colonies without extra pre-
mium, and to pay their premiums there. Fer residence in New
Zealand, a moderate extra premium is charged.

In Sydney, a Board of Directors, and Agents In all tke principal
settlements—Bankers in the colony. The Bank of Anstralasia (in •
corperated by Royal Charter, 1835), No. 2, Moorgate-street, London.

ANNUITIES

Annuitants participate in the profits of the Company, and receive a
rate of annuity much more favourable than can b• granted by any
Company making its investments wholly lu England. The Company
is enabled securely to grant these favourable terms from the advan-
tage it possesses of investing a portion of its funds at a high rate
•t interest.

EMPLOYMENT.—Persons having a little time
Lon-etion,taireiZnTlG,Vst4, olvtickAgAmtlEue appointed in,
or the sale of their celebrated teas. . .

Offices, No. 5, Great lit. Helen's-churchyard, Bishepsgate-street.
They are packed in showy leaden canisters, from one ounce to a
pound, with the price and weight marked en each packet, and. but
ittle trouble is occasioned by the sale. The license is only l Is. per
annum, and many during the last nineteei years have reatset con-
siderable incomes by the agency without one shilling let or loss.

SILVER-PLATED DISH COVERS.
AB. SAVORY and SONS, Manufacturing
• Silversmiths, 14, Cornhill, London, opposite the Bank of
England, submit for choice in their Plate•rooms, many Patterns of
SILVER-PLATED DISH COVERS, of Sheffield Manufacture,
from Fifteen to Twenty Guineas the set, viz. --
Double Dome Pattern. The Melon Pattern.
Size. £ s d. Sise..Z. s. a.
fated Dish Cover, in. 513 6 1 ?kited Dish Cover, 20 in. 517 0
Dish Cover, 18 in. 4 7 6 1 Dish Cover, 16 in. 4 14 0
Dish Covers,l6 in. 5 12 612 Dish CAvers,l4 in. 6 6 8

Per set £l5 13 sq Per set. X,6 17 6
The above have silver handles and mountings, and silver shields
for eagraving the crest or coat of arms.
A Price Current, illustrated by Drawings, and containing every
information relative to the purchase of Silver or Sheffield Plate, may
be had on application, or will be sent into the country, fre.r of
postage, in answer to a paid letter

THE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE PASSIONS.
" What passions hurt the body, what improve ;
Truths as refined as Athens even heard."
The Fiftieth Thousand. Forty Engravings, price Is., by poA 13.6 d.,
ON CHASTITY—its Abuses and Diseases—On
Matrimonial Eligibility and Unfitness—On Infelicitous and
Unproductive Unions—Curiosities of Medical Experience—Law o
Divorce, &c.

REMOVED FROM BIRMINGHAM TO LONDON.

Just published, price 2s. (id., and free by post (in a sealed envelope)
Price As. 6d.,
THE SILENT FRIEND ; a Medical Work on
Human Frailty and Physical Decay, its causes, and the
baneful effects of excessive indulgence and infection, lustrated
by engravings, with observations en Marriage, and directions for
the removal of certain disqualifications.
By R. and L. PERRY and CO.
Published by the Authors, and sold at their Residence, 19, Berners.
street, Oxford-street ; also by Strange, 21, Paternoster-row; Purkis,
Compton-street, Soho; Noble. 109, Chancery-lane, Crocker, 1,
Milford-lane, Strand ; Ward, Strand (opposite Exeter-hall) ; Wil-
son, 359, Oxford-street (two doors from Argyle-street); Phillips,
264, Oxford-street; J. Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street, London;
Guest, 51, Bull-street, Birmingham ; and by all Booksellers in
Town and Country.
The CORDIAL BALM of SYRI ACU NI is exclusively directed
for the cure of nervous and muscular debility, impuissance, ace.
Price Ils. and Ds. per bottle. Sold by all Medic ine Vendors, of
whom may be had the " Silent Friend." The Five Pound Cases
may be had as usual.
PERRY'S PURIFYING SPECI FIC PILLS are the most effcctua
cure for syphilis and secondary symptoms in both sexes, price 2s. 9cl.
4s. 6d., and 11s, per box.
Consultation fee, if by letter, I/. A minute detail of cases is ne.
cessary. Messrs. Perry are in daily attendance, for Consultation, at
their residence, 19, Berners-street, Oxford-street, Londcn from
Eleven till Two, and Five till Eight, and on Sundays from 'ten till
Twelve. One personal visit only is necessary to effect a permanent cure

"JOSEPH REYNOLDS.
" Ta Thomas Doyle, Secretary of the Bristol
Auxiliary Anti-Slavery Society."

PARLIAMENTARY PAPERS.
ARMY PRIZE MONEY.
The Account of Unclaimed Prize Money (formerly
made by the Deputy Treasurer of the Royal
llospital at Chelsea), from 18th January, 1809,
to 31st December, 1843, directed to be annually
laid before the Houses of Parliament, by 2 Wm.
IV., c. 53.
There is, perhaps, no department of the public ac-
counts more accurately kept, or scrupulously ad-
ministered, than that which is devoted to the receipts
and disbursements of military prize money. It might
have been more satisfactory if, in the following docu-
ment (which is a document that will not disparage
the title of the noble establishment at Chelsea to the
well-merited praise we have accorded to the whole de-
partment of military accounts), the designations of
the various grants for prize, booty, &c., in respect of
forfeited and unclaimed shares upon which the items
of debit have accrued, had been recapitulated, and the
respective amounts set opposite to such designations.
As a precis of a mass of detached accounts, it is a
paper, however, which is much to be commended for
the business-like simplicity and perspicuity of its
statements.
Dr.
To cash arising from forfeited and
unclaimed shares of prize money,
grants, &-c £1,075,122 19 11
To ditto arising from the dividends, or
interest of moneys invested in the
Public Funds, or other Government
Securities

The Devil-to-Pay, Heretic, Bebington, Cowl, All Round my
llat, Purity filly, and Longitude.
It is not unlikely that Zenobia will come for the Park Hill
Stakes.

£1,293,270 10 3

Cr.
By cash refunded to claimants
By expense in executing Acts from
Jan. 11, 1809, to Dec. 31, 1843 ... 57,548 3 01
By sums paid for the Royal Hospital,
in diminution of the annual vote 561,663 8 0
Balance (vide Memorandum below) 18,715 19 Of

£1,293,270 10 3

MEMORANDUM.—AIthough the balance upon the ac-
count appears to be as above stated, yet there is in the
Three per Cent. Consols 100,0001. stock, and in the
Bank of England, to the account of the Paymaster-
General, 15,638 L 17s. 9d., which arises from the invest-
ments having been made in the earliest periods, when the
funds were very low, and from the amount sold thereout
from time to time having been when the prices of stock
were considerably higher ; thus accounting for the
difference between the balance as stated, and the present
amount of the Army Prize Fund in the Three per Cent.
Consols, and in money at the Bank of England.
(Signed) RICHARD NEAVE, Sec.
Royal Hospital, Chelsea, Aug., 1844.

ADVERTISEMENTS INSERTED in ALL THE THREE PAPERS, Morning Noon, and Nigit, thereby insuring a TOWN and COUNTRY CIRCULATION, at ONE CHARGE.

4....../...7., ----- -- --2.),z_.e.e__-....„-_-----
'., FRANCE AND MOROCCO.
TlMES.—Peace is re-established between France
and Morocco ; and the island off Mogadore, which
the French had temporarily occupied is evacuated.
This termination of hostilities has taketi place, upon
the conditions which the French haveltsted on
from the first having been at last acceded.-te' by the
Moors. Those hostilities commenced in consequence
of certain complaints on the part of the Prench of
the violation of neutrality which the Emperor of
Morocco had been guilty of in countenancing the
incursions of Abd-el-Kader. The French tiledged
themselves not to enter upon hostilities with the
Moorish Government, provided certain conditions
were complied with. Those conditions were refused,
and the consequences were the demolition of the
fortifications of Tangiers, the victory of Isle-, the
bombardment of Mogadore, and the occupation of an
islet in its harbour. In the interval siece,this last
lesson the ilocrish Emperor has thought fill to alter
his mind, and sue for peace. And peace accordingly
has been granted on the very same condition& whist,
were offered before hostilities commenced. No ad-
vantage whatever has been taken by the French of their
achievements. Peace is established, and Mogadore is
evacuated; and the territorial relations of France
and Morocco are exactly the same that they were be-
fore the hostilities. It is to be hoped that the
alarmists, who saw in the temporary occupation of a
little island the commencement of a whole system of
territorial aggression, which we should have been the
first to resist, and who proclaimed Mogadore to be
only the first mouthful of that French gluttony of
which the whole Moorish empire was finally to be the
victim, are now appeased ; and that the event satisfies
them that their fears have been those only of the
imagination, and unnecessary. We have bien told
over and over again that Mogadore never would be
evacuated, that France had made these - hostilities a
pretext for commencing a course of conquest, that
once in possession of Mogadore she would never leave
it ; and have been well abused because .we could net
see in this little island a whole kingdom, and would
not denounce its seizure as a eami., belli. We-said all
along, on the other hand, that France's only object in
commencing these hostilities was to get certain
specific and reasonable conditions complied with , that
the bombardment of Tangiers and occupation of Mo-
gadore were only steps and means for procuring this
compliance, and that as soon as this compliance was
given she would withdraw her troops. The event has
now decisively and incontrovertibly justified the view
we took, and we hope the alarmed and alarmist party
will be able now to enjoy that tranquillity and confi-
dence which, on this point., we hava felt from the first.
It is not pleasant, indeed, to see our predictions falsi-
fied, but patriotism, we have no doubt, Will triemph
on such an occasion over disappointed acumen : and
to discover a mistake must be a pleasing task, when
the result of the discovery is, that an evil which was
apprehended does not take place, and that the imagi-
nary aggrandizements of France are not begun. In
the present excitable state of popular opinion in
France, it is a matter of no ordinary satisfaction to
see two occasions of misunderstanding between her
and this country thus quietly removed ; to see the
affairs of Otaheite and Morocco settled. The one a
quarrel in which we had no direct concern, the other
insignificant and ridiculous in itself, yet either
might, under the treatment of quarrelsome and preci-
pitate Ministers in either country, have become pegs
to hang national displays of feeling and old antipathies
upon. But, whatever may be said of the internal
career of either the English or the French Cabinet,
the pacific character of their foreign policy is pretty
evident. We are not likely to be brought into a
foolish war by Lord Aberdeen or M. Guizot. The
latter has had peculiar difficulties to contend against
in the tone of the popular Parisian press, which has
been fuming and frothing, complaining and accusing,
full of indignation and morbid sensitiveness alternately,
throughout the whole of the period just passed. We
see now the temporary clouds that have hovered over
the two countries dispersed again ; and we cannot help
thinking that the good understanding between the
two Governments which has caused this dispersion is
an additional pledge of international security and con-
fidence for the future.

----
" It is said that much abuse has prevailed by parties
rich enough to come to this office in the first instance,
oantnuoifty2:4B B 8 u t
having first gone to the savings' banks, each for 20/ a
year, and having then come to this office for a further
oe fdm
fact,ca e onlyn t. T
nhi ne ,
e y,
whole annuity
ncriteys
u
are nn
t poi
/ n predicament.
granted to the po or, is 40,5941. 168., for which there
has been paid 430,8191. 13s. 3d., therefore each 11. of
the annuity costs 1.0/. 12s. 4d., which indicates that the
average age of the parties is fifty-eight ; for a male of
that age would pay 10/. 12s. 4d. for each 11. of his annuity.
" But if the who le annuities granted to the public at
large (excluding th ese) be examined in like manner, it
appears that on an average of the last nine years, each
11. of annuity- granted, cost 10/. 11s. 3d. Hence the
average age of ea ch class is manifestly the same, and
this is a strong pro of that no abuses have happened, not-
withstanding the prevalent opinion.
" Certainly no s uch sum has been received in fact, in
consequence of the encouragement to the industrious
classes, which the Act contemplated (and without which
there was no motive for passing it), as would have been
received if the same purchasers had come to this office
on the tables in forty for the public at large. But it is
not the less certain that few of them, on those terms,
would have come at all. It is therefore erroneous to
consider the deficiency a public loss; and it will be seen
that, such as it is, it was almost entirely occasioned by
the benefit afforded to aged females, little or nothing
being lost by fixing the rate of interest as high as 3/. 15s.
It appears that the. nude purchasers of the im-
mediate annuities are to the females as 145 is

to .597 ; and that sex is consequently the
purchasers of annuities to the amount of £54,203
While the femahas are purchasers to the
amount of 346,656

Total, as above stated
Now if these very persons had come to this
office on the s.tme terms as the public at
large, the male sex would have paid collec-
tively fur the like annuities
And the females... 422,056

Total
Then the difference between the two scales of payment
is as follows :
In respect of the male sex only £3,932
But in respect of the females 75,370

Total
" Now I firmly believe, that if the account were made
out as Mr. Hume requires it, the variation would be
next to nothing.—l have, &c.
(Signed) " JOHN FINLAISON.
" To the Right Hon. Henry Goulburn,
" Chancellor of the Exchequer," &e. &c. &c.

* I moreover solicited from their Lordships a declara-
tion to that effect.

t We know there are above 3,000.

WARSPITE CORRESPONDENCE.

The Naval and Military Gazette has the following
observations in reference to Sir Edward Owen 's
general order, occasioned by the letters from the
officers of the Warspite which appeared in the Times
criticising the manoeuvres of the French fleet before
Tangiers :
Is it credible that our officers are to be publicly
reprimanded, either to propitiate a Foreign Govern-
ment, which rewards its own officers for lavishing
abuse and calumny upon ours, or to appease the
clamours of a public always ready to seize upon every
occasion that offers to manifest its hatred and anti-
pathy to this country ? Surely it cannot be intended
to propitiate the French nation at the expense of our
own officers ; for we will venture to say, that there is
not and officer in the Mediterranean fleet who does not
feel humiliated by the publication of the above order.
The British public has already sufficiently manifested
its disapprobation of the letters written by the young
officers of the Warspite ; but what it may sometimes
disapprove of it may not always be convenient to con-
demn.. The moment, too, is singularly ill chosen for
manifesting such forwardness in flinging satisfaction
for insult to the French nation. Nobody would more
sincerely rejoice than ourselves in the establishment
of a thorough, good, mutual understanding, between
the two nations, but it can never be accomplished by
encouraging the manifestation of a hostile feeling on
one side, and the forcible suppression of it on the other.
Could not the Commander-in-Chief have expressed
his disapproval of the letters published in the Times,
without ordering a general surveillance upon the cor-
respondence of the officers of the fleet? Such a mea-
sure might be necessary during war, on the eve of a
secret expedition, or on suspicion of a secret corre-
spondence with the enemy, but surely not for the pur-
pose of oroventipa a few _iinungsters from writint:
home
are not in
totell theirucfh betterriendssaior
that,is n
in their
than «'
hen ief, the
French
last thrashed them off the ocean.

The Morning- Post quotes a Memorandum of the
Duke of Wellington in 1809, we suppose, in justifi-
cation of this order ; but our Contemporary overlooks
the fact that the Duke's complaint was the publication
of letters from his army, communicating his intended
course of operations, not animadversions on the con
duct of the enemy.

BRITISH NAVAL SUPREMACY.
As early a period as the year 1200 it was enacted
"that if any ships refuse to strike to the British flag,
they should be deemed lawful prizes."
In 1554, Lord William Howard, Lord High Ad-
miral, cruising in the narrow seas, with twenty-eight
sail, compelled the Spanish fleet, with Prince Philip
of Spain on board, carrying the Spanish flag at the
main, to lower their colours as an honour to the 136-

tish flag, before he would pay his compliments to the
heir apparent of Spain, and the consort of his sove-
reign.
In 1587, Rear-Admiral Sir J. Hawkins, lying
with a fleet in Catwater, compelled the Spanish Ad-
miral, who was going to escort Anno of Austria, to
pay the usual honours to his Majesty by striking his
COMM.

In consequence of a dispute between the English and
Dutch, in 1604, with respect to the compliment of the
flag, Sir William Monson, who commanded in the
Downs, would not be satisfied by the Admiral thrice
lowering his colours, but he would not admit him to
hoist them during his cruise on the English coast.
Sir Robert Mansell, in the Mediterranean, in 1620,
compelled a French Admiral, with six sail of the line,
to strike his flag, and pay the usual compliment to
the British.

On the 14th May, 1652, Commodore Young
brought a Dutch squadron to action for refusing to
pay the usual compliment to the British flag ; but
having submitted, they were allowed to proceed on
their voyage.
In 1654 a treaty of peace was concluded with the
Dutch, and one of the articles acknowledged that the
sovereignty of the sea belonged to England; " that
the ships of the Dutch, meeting any British man-of-
war on the British seas, shall strike their flags and
lower their topsail, in such manner as has ever been
at any time heretofore practised under any former
Government."

It is to be observed, that this was at a time when
the Dutch possessed one hundred ships, mounting
from 50 to 76 guns.
In concluding another treaty of peace with Hol-
land, on the 9th of February, 1654, it was stipulated
" that the accustomed compliments should be paid to
the British flag from Cape Finisterre to the land of
Staten in Norway."
This custom prevailed to a late period ; but since
the peace of 1815, we have gradually declined into an
equality with other nations ; and it would appear from
the result of a recent court-martial, that a British
cruiser is no longer permitted to search a suspicious
vessel wearing the colours of another power. This
courtesy should not be carried too far ; we must not,
by too much conciliation, lose sight of our own
dignity ; for we know by experience how readily ad-
vantage may be taken of a well-intended concession.l
—Hampshire Telegraph.

ADVERTISER.—It will be in the remembrance
of our readers, that a short time ago we were among
the first of our Contemporaries to announce, that the
differences between France and England, which, but
a few days before, had threatened to terminate in an
open rupture, had been brought to an amicable ad-
justment. Opposed as we always have been to that
human carnage which usually follows the footsteps of
war, we congratulate both countries on the fact, that
all grounds of misunderstanding between England
and France has been removed, provided that, in Lord
Aberdeen's very natural and commendable anxiety to
perpetuate the existing peace, he had made no con-
cessions to Guizot involving a sacrifice of the national
honour. A full fortnight has elapsed since then, and
Dt nothing has been suffered to transpire from
owning-street which has a tendency to throw the
least light on the conditions on which the differences
between the two countries have been adjusted. This
is not as it ought to be. It is treating the
English nation with disrespect. They have a right
to know on what terms the Government of Sir

Robert Peel has purchased the perpetuation of
peace. None can set a higher value on that blessing
than ourselves. And yet the blessing may be pur-
chased at too high a price. Not only may it
be purchased on terms degrading to the national
ehee‘ioter, but under circumstances which might
prove most injurious to the national interests. If ib
should turn out that Lord Aberdeen has suffered him-
self to be overmatched by the French Minister, and
has accepted conditions which must have the effect of
lowering this country in the estimation of other
Powers, the fact must, of necessity, not only be mor-
tifying to Englishmen, but most damaging to English
interests. If, on this occasion, England has been
menaced or decoyed into the making of improper
concessions to Prance, the effect must needs be to
make France again endeavour to play the same game
with this country whenever the two nations happen
to come into collision. France will reason in her
own mind, that if she succeeded once in placing
England in a degrading and false position she may
succeed a second time. And should she fail of suc-
cess in her efforts by other arguments and repre-
sentations, she will urge the concessions now made as
a precedent in her favour. It is not, therefore, im-
mediately that the mischief of any improper concession
which Lord Aberdeen may have made to Guizot will
be seen and felt by this country. The injury and the
degradation are chiefly prospective. Nor will the ill
effects of such a concession (supposing it to have been
made) be confined to our future relations with France.
Other Powers, taking courage from the success of
Guizot in overreaching Lord Aberdeen, will be encou-
raged to try the same game, and try it with every confi-
dence of success. We make these observations on the
assumption that Lord Aberdeen, in the adjustment of
the recent misunderstanding between France and
England, has not been sufficiently jealous of the
honour of the country, with the administration of
whose foreign affairs he has been entrusted. The ap-
prehension may be groundless; we hope it is. Un-
fortunately, it is not confined to ourselves ; it is
shared by the public. It is a general impression. If
there be no foundation for it, why should Lord Aber-
deen hesitate to scatter it to the winds ? Let Eng-
land but know the terms on which peace between her
and France has been preserved, and if there be no-
thing in those terms to compromise the national ho-
nour, the erroneous impression will vanish in a
moment. Nor will this be all. If the Noble Lord
has achieved the perpetuation of peace between the
two countries without compromising the honour or
interests of England, he will be entitled to the lasting
gratitude of the friends of peace throughout the
world. And if he really feel that he is entitled to
this distinguished praise, why, we should like to
know, does he do himself the great injustice of not
receiving and enjoying it ? Why, especially, should
he lie under grave suspicions' when he could so easily
dissipate them into thin air ? In either and in Bey
cumstances, and on what te , rms the recent serious
case, the nation has a right to know under what-cir-
breach between France and England has been healed.
justify himself
It will not do for Lord Aberdeen to imitate the con-
duct and attemptinformation, by talking a
series of
to
fer withholding()f t e F
Premier,
r,
desired
pompous nothings about the " convenience
of the public service." That may be a very good ar-
gument for withholding information while negotia-
tions are going on ; but it is no argument at all, and
must not be received as such, after the negotiations
have been ended, and the conditions on which future
friendship is to be preserved have
been agreed on.

[ADVERTISEMENT.]
ANOTHER WONDER !—CURE EXTRAORDINARY BY
HOLLWAY'S PlLLs.—Mrs. i‘laguire, a respectable per-
son, residing near Sunday's-well, Cork, was given over
in a case of dropsy, and was perfectly cured, when pro-
nounced to be at the point of death, by these wonderful
pills. Persons, either young or old, who become corpu-
lent, pottle-bellied, bloated, or dropsical, may not only
avoid apoplexy and other dangerous diseases attending
thereon, but also regain the highest state of health,
strength, and energy, and their figures become as tight,
as light, and as good as in the days of youth. Sold (also
Holloway's Ointment) at Professor Holloway's Esta-
blishment, 244, Strand (where advice may lie had
gratis), and by almost all respectable medicine vendors
throughout the civilised world.
EXTORTIONS OF BOATMEN AT DOVER AND
HAvßE.—Repeated complaints have been made of the
impositions practised by the boatmen of these places for
landing or shipping passengers at low water, when the
packets cannot he at the quays. This has occurred so
often at these ports,,that it has had the effect of diverting
a great deal of the traffic, while the route by Brighton
and Dieppe, which is exempt from these annoyances, has
received a proportionate accession of patronage.
LivEnroor., ORMSKIRIC, AND PRESTON RAILWAY.
—Such has been the demand for shares in. this promis-
ing undertaking, that the Provisional Committee gavo
notice that no applications would be received after
Thursday last.—Preston Guardian.

CHRIST'S HOSPITAL:OII Saturday next, the 21st
inst., being St. Matthew's Day, the Lord Mayor, Alder-
men,
and Sheriffs, with the Governors of tko several royal
hospitals, will attend Divine service at Christ's Church,
Newgate-street, where a sermonwilolfbechp
Rev. James Cohen, M.A., curate
which they will repair to the Great Hall, in Christ's
Hospital, where four orations on the benefits of the
royal hospitals will be delivered, according to annual
custom, by four of the senior scholars:—ln Latin, by
Langham Dale; in English, by Morton Amos Liecester;
in Greek, by Edward Taylor Hudson; and in French,
by Edward Algernon Newton. Eight poems will also
be recited by the other senior scholars, viz:—A Latin
Alcaic We to the Queen on the birth of a second Prince,
; Greek lambics on " The
by Gowen Edward Evans
Spanish Armada," by George Voigt ; an English We
to the Prince of Wales on his being appointed a Go-
vernor of Christ's Hospital, by John Daniel Williams;
Latin Hexameters on " The Conversion of St. Paul," by
Edward Tudor Scargill; a Greek lambic translation of
the Soliloquy of the King in Hamlet, by William
Frederick Greenfield ; a Latin Elegiac translation of
Cowper's Boadicea, by Thomas Johnson Potter; Greek
Sapphics on " The Death of the Poet Cambell," by
Malcolm Laing; and an English Poem on " Edward the
Sixth," by Thomas Stedman Polehampton.