The Sun.
London, England, 1850-11-11 00:00:00

N, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER ti, 1850.

Yet, within view, even within reach of such rich
resources, the most abject poverty is known to prevail.
Frequently the listless fisherman will see shoals upon
shoals of the most exquisite fish so close to shore that,
even with his crazy boat and ill-appointed tackle, he
could secure a large quantity. A few he will procure,
to supply the necessities of the day, but more than
this would be useless waste. He has no market to
send it to while fresh, and no salt or means of curing
it. In utter hopelessness he must turn away, bitterly
feeling his inability, from his poverty and isolated posi-
tion, to render subservient to his uses the goods placed
within bis reach by an all-bountiful PROVIDENCE.
We remember with what universal approbation the
press of both countries hailed the formation of
the "Great Western Fisheries Company," and
all the happy consequences that were anticipated.
Wealth and plenty were to be introduced into
the dreary abodes of the Irish fishermen ; all
was to be bustle and trade. From Bantry to
Donegal Bay, from famine-stricken Skull to wild
Connemara there was not to be a hand unemployed.
Large vessels were to be supplied ; the best tackle
was to be provided, curing stations and marts were to
be established at convenient points and distances
along the shore. In short, a new El Dorado was dis-
covered which would yield a golden harvest to Ireland
and the empire.

But, alas! these dreams have not been realized.
We believe this company is still in existence ; but
from Irish apathy and want of English enterprise they
have been unable to carry out their benevolent inten-
tions. It is to be lamented that gentlemen of wealth,
spirit, and philanthropy, such as Mr. OWEN, are so
rare. His experiment on Irish peat, we have seen,
has realized more than one hundred per cent. We
have little doubt a fishing company would realize a
still larger profit, while the advantages to the empire
would be incalculably greater from the improved social
and physical condition of Ireland.

CABINET COUNCIL.--(THIS DAY.)—A Cabinet
Council was held at the Foreign Office to-day, at one
o'clock, at which were present the Marquis of Lans-
downe, Lord John Russell, the Lord Chancellor (who
came from his Court at Lincoln's Inn), the Marquis of
Clanricarde. Earl Grey, the Earl of Carlisle, the Earl
of Minto, Viscount Palmerston, the Chancellor of
the Exchequer, Sir George Grey, Sir John C. Hob-
house, Sir Francis T. Baring, the Right Hon. Fox
Maule, and the Right Hon. H. Labouchere. The
Ministers wr.:re in deliberation when we went to '
press. SQine of the Ministers are expected to leave
town to-morrow to attend a Privy Council at Windsor
for the further prorogation of Parliament.

OXYGEN, MAGNECTIC.—Mr. Faraday, at the last
monthly meeting of the Royal Institution, announced to the
members present his discovery (the subject of a paper sent
in to the Royal Society) that oxygen is magnectic, that this
property of the gas is ,affected by heat, and that be believes
the diurnal variation of the magnectic needle to be due to the
action of solar b:sat on this newly-discovered characteristic of
oxygen—the important constituent of the atmosphere. We
do not mean to give the above as the terms of Faraday's an-
nounfLement, or as the exact facts of the conclusions drawn
from his last experimental researches, but only as a foresha-
dowing of the new results and views of one of our most emi-
nent British philosophers. We must add, however, that
Bequerel also has recently directed attention to a somewhat
similar conclusion ; he communicated to the Academy of
Sciences at Paris, that oxygen is magnectic in relation to the
other gases, as iron is to the rest of the metals, and inferred
that it is probable or possible (we have not the paper by us
to refer to) that diurnal variation may be connected with
this property of oxygen.—Literary Gazette.
SINGULAR COINCIDENCE.—Last week a boy, named
William Shakspear, was charged before Mr. Lucy, magistrate
of Birmingham, with pocket picking. The incident caused
some amusement in the police-court.
DOCK YARD.—William Edye, Esq., has taken the
direction and superintendence of the works of the new basin
at this yard.— Devonport Independent.
LORD MAYOR'S DAY AND DINNER.—The Ob-
server of Sunday, Nov. 10, gave five of their folio columns
of the City dinner, and all matters connected therewith. The
Observer of Sunday, Nov. 3, gave the fullest report (upwards
of five of the Cbseiver columns) of the Bi'hop of London's
charge at St. Paul's. on the previous Saturday. The exteia
sive publication of the Observer commences on Sunday morn•
ings at four o'clock, in time for all the early railways. Mon-
day's edition best fur the country and abroad, Monday
afternoons at four o'clock, Price of the Observer, sixpence.
Office, 170, Strand.
DEPARTURE OF THE NIAGARA.—The British and
North American Royal Mail steamer Niagara, Captain Stone,
sailed on Saturday from Liverpool to New York direct. She
carried out 70 passengers, a good freight, and the usual
mails. The in-coming steamer, the America, from Boston
and Halifax, was expected at Liverpool on Saturday.
We have great pleasure in stating that her Majesty
has been pleased to grant a pension of 1001. a year to Mr.
I John Payne Collier, the editor of Shakspeare, and author of
" The History of the English Stage." The warrant is dated
the 30th of last month, and expressly mentions that the
pension is given "in consideration of his literary mer;ts."
Few men have done more than Mr. Collier for the illustra-
tion of our Elizabethan literature, and of the lives of the
many worthies of the great period of English poetry.
OXFORD, Nov. B.—This morning Mr. Harrison,
from Merchant Tailors' School. was elected a scholar; and
Mr. James Price Beck (late of Rug,by School) and Mr. Chas.
Alford Cookson, commoners, were elected Dean Ireland's
exhibitioners.
Mr. Edward O'Connor, who for the last 15 years
had been editor of the Dublin Even* Pocket, expired sud-
denly at his residence on Wednesday last.
BALLOON ACCIDENT.—MADRID, Nov. 2.—A Mr.
Orlandi made a balloon ascension at Barcelona on the 27th
ult. As no news was obtained of him for two days, great
unhappy uneasiness
fate
te was
a s
ot
sl
es
ut r heA shouldArbon. He
narrow escape of his life. The balloon was wafted over the
snow-covered mountains of Vallvidrera, where it was enve•
however, with
the
a same
ve r
loped in a thick mist, now and then pierced by lightning.
The intrepid aeronaut was covered with a thick coating of
hail, that fell incessantly. The wind drove the balloon
with terrible velocity, and at last it fell into the sea, where
M. Orlandi, holding fast by the ropes, managed to keep him-
self above water during three hours, when he was washed on
shore at ten at night, his balloon being carried out to sea
again. After two hours spent on the sold sand he recovered
his strength sufficiently to get up and look out for shelter.
He was stopped by one of the coast-guard, who had like to
have shot him as a smuggler or a bandit, but who recognising
him as the man of the balloon (et hombre del globo) took him
to a village and put him to bed. A subscription has been set
on foot for him, as, with the loss of his balloon, he has been
deprived of his only resource.
TOTAL DESTRUCTION OF A COTTON-MILL BY FIRE.
—We regret to state that a fire occurred yesterday morning,
which resulted in the total destruction of one of the largest
cotton-mills in the neighbourhood of Glasgow, the property
of Messrs. Cooper, Walker, and Co., situated at Mile-end,
Calton. Tht premises in question were of great extent, and
covered a large area, being, moreover, in the immediate
vicinity of two cotton-mills almost equally large. We be-
lieve the probable loss in buildings, machinery, &c., will not
be short of 34,000/. or 35,00 1., which is only partially met
by insurance—the amount covered, we have been informed,
being not more than 22,000 W. —Sorth British Hail.
His Grace the Duke of Wellington, accompanied
by the Marquis and Marchioness of Douro, drove into Dover
on Thursday afternoon, and paid a visit to the establishment
of Mr. John Haseldine. After making several purchases,
the Noble Duke left for Wahner Castle. We are happy is
say his Grace appeared in excellent health.—Dover Chronicle.
THEATRICALS AT WINDSOR CASTLE.—It is under-
stood that the annual dramatic representations before the
Queen, Prince Albert, and the royal family, and a brilliant
circle of distinguished visitors at Windsor Castle, will com-
mence to-morrow (Monday) fortnight. The performances,
as on former occasions, will be under the immediate direction
of Mr. Charles'Kean. The first piece selected by her Ma-
jesty and her Royal Consort is that fine production of the
immortal bard— The First Part of Henry the Fourth.— Weekly
Chronicle.

AN INVISIBLE SELF-ACTING CARRIAGE STET.---
The numerous fashionable visitors who have, during the past
few days, inspected the elegant state equipage of the Lord
Mayor elect, at the establishment of 11Iessrs. Laurie and
Marner, have been further gratified with a view of a novel
and interesting invention which the firm have recently pro-
duced, bearing the above appellation. It presents the advan-
tage of having steps of a light and elegant character attached
to a carriage without the beauty or uniformity of its design
being destroyed by that unsightly excrescence exhibited
when steps are affixed externally, or causing that discomfort
and inconvenience occasioned b - the loss of space when fitted
internally. The invention would not be inaptly termed the
"Magic Step," for while the doors of such carriages remain
closed not a vestige of such an adjunct can be detected, but
no sooner is a door opened than, simultaneously and noise-
wfohateedvesrtep, returningprese presents lessly, that convenient appendage, a light and tastefully
form
itsitself p place ce withoutwith
the
any
sameappfaarceinl
facility
ya go
ne ntz,
door being re-closed.

The Earl of Carlisle, accompanied by the Hon. C.
Howard, dined with his tenantry at Brampton on Wednes-
, day. His Lordship had arrived somewhat unexpectedly,
just as they were about to sit down to the court dinner, and
at once joined them at the social board without ceremony.
George Cotter, is appointed Puisne Judge of
the Supreme Court at St. Lucia, in the room of M. Lafitte,
deceased.

ELECTION OF MAYOR OF LIVERPOOL. - LIVER-
POOL, SATURDAY, Nov. 9.—The election of mayor of this
town took place to-day. The two candidates were Mr.
Councillor Littledale, the representative of the merchant
princes, an exceedingly wealthy and liberal gentleman; and
Mr. Alderman Bent, the representative of the tradesmen,
also enormou3ly rich, and of high stqtaling in the town.
Mr. Bent was elected by a majority of 36 to 26,

if they were not accompanied by such strong marks
of authenticity.
The immense pro luctiveness of the Irish Fisheries;
the large profits which might be realized from them
at a comparatively small expense ; the immense
benefit which would be conferred on Ireland by giving
constant employment to the starving poor along the
coast ; the advantages which must result to the whole
empire from an abundant and unfailing supply of so
wholesome and nutritious an article of food, have
supplied a fruitful theme to writers both in England
and Ireland. The public press of both countries has
pointed to the Irish fishing-grounds as to mines of
wealth. Books have been published on the subject
by gentlemen of great intelligence—indeed, all com-
petent authorities agree that, as a source of industrial
employment, it is one of the most important in the
three kingdoms.

FRE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

" The recital of what passed in the Permanent Com-
mittee was exact, but is it necessary to say that the facts
relative to which this strange scene took place were not
only completely false, but without any kind of serious
foundation ? The following is a faithful account of this
astonishing matter. A member of the Committee cer-
tainly came, and declared to his colleagues that on the
night of October 29 twenty-six persons, belonging to the
Society of the Dix Dlleernbre had :Let at a grocer's in the
Rue des Saussaies, to deliberate on the question if
General Changarnier and M. Dupin were to be assassi-
nated. The General's death was first put to the vote,
and decided on unanimously; on that of M. Dupin there
were 22 votes in its favour, and four against it. The
grocer, who presided over the meeting, seeing this un-
expected difference of opinion energetically declaimed
against the traitors, and then the vote was again com-
menced. Twenty-three vrtes were given in favour of
death. The grocer again broke out against such conduct.
A third vote took place, and at last M. Dupin had the
whole of the votes against him. Lots were then drawn
to designate those who were to strike the blow. Tvvo
pieces of raper, one marked with a C, for Changernier,
and the other with a D, for Dupin, were thrown into a
hat. The man who drew out the first returned thanks
to Heaven for having been selected as the avenger of
his country. The other who drew out the second had a
less firm mind, and he nearly fainted. It was necessary
to give him several glasses of burnt brandy to recover
him. Such was the account given to the Committee.
It thrilled with horror, as may well be imagined. The
members asked each other how it happened that the per-
sonages menaced with death had not been informed of
the matter by the Minister of the Interior and the Pre-
fect of Police; there was in that either a strange inca-
pacity or want of information, perhaps were something
worse. The Committee appointed a sub-committee of
three delegates, MM. Leon Faucher, Baze, and Monnet,
to go and ask explanations from M. Baroche respecting
his strange silence. They did so, and explained the
matter to him with all the gravity which the circum-
stances required. M. Baroche was at first seized with
a singular perplexity, not knowing exactly whether he
ought to look on the matter as serious, or laugh at it.
He saw, however, that the gentlemen who had called
on him were perfectly serious, particularly as one of
them informed him that M. Dupin had left the rue du
Bac, and taken up his residence at the hotel of the
President of the Assembly, in order to piece his life
in greater surety. M. Baroche assured the three mem-
bers of the Committee that he would at once set about
obtaining .information, and forthwith he proceeded to
the hotel of the President of the Assembly. M. Dupin
had not removed there; the members of the Committee
had been deceived. M. Baroche then went to M. Dupin's
private residence, and had little difficulty in persuading
his old colleague at the bar, that he would not have
shown any negligence in watcbiug over his safety, had
he known that his life was in peril. M. Baroche then
returned home, and did ail ho could to tied out the real
bearings of this strange matter, and at last he sifted the
circumstances to the bottom. What ho discovered was
as follows:—There exists at the National Assembly a
special functionary charged with the duty of making
reports to the President of the Assembly on the political
situation of Paris. That functionary is appointed by
the executive power, and has no relations with that
power; he receives his salary from the city of Paris, and
has no relations with the superior authorities of the
city. He is accountable only to the President of the
Assembly. Such a situation is, as will be at once per-
ceived, altogether anormal. This functionary has not
under his hand the means of obtaining information which
the police have at their disposal"; he is informed simply
by one or two agents which depend on him. But this
functionary was deceived by false information, which to
all appearance these men were only too ready to give
him. Consequently, when the Minister commenced his
inquiries, every one replied, that there was not a word
of truth in all that had been related to him. The
Procureur of the Republic wrote to the Prefect of
Police, and the latter replied—' The whole matter is
a wineshop story, reported by a drunkard, and
to which the functionary attached to the Na-
tional Assembly has assigned an importance quite
deplorable for the public, and ridiculous for himself.'
Consequently, what is found at the bottom of the pre•
tended plot which so wonderfully disturbed the Com-
mittee? A foolish piece of pleasantry—a hoax, passed
off on a drunken agent by the frequenters of wineshops.
If, before bringing the matter to the knowledge of the
Permanent Committee, he bad asked for information
from the Minister of the Interior, this wretched mysti-
fication would have been avoided. This silly story may,
however, serve to enlighten the public as to the source
of the reports which have so often disturbed the Com-
mittee. The functionary, from whom it receives re.
ports, in order to justify his exceptional position, consi-
ders himself particularly charged to protect the Assem-
bly against the evil designs of the Executive Power, and,
in consequence, the surveillance which he exercises is
directed in that spirit. From that have arisen those
absurd rumours, those ridiculous alarms, which so often
penetrated into the Permanent Committee. And it is
with those histories of coups-d'aut, of plots, of drawir g
lots to designate the persons who are to assassinate,
that disquietude has been so ofen excited, and interests
alarmed! The Permanent Committee must permit us
to tell it that in all this it has manifested a credulity
much to be regretted."
General PIAT has addressed the following letter to
the members of the Council Ganeral of the society o
the Dix Decembre

" A decree, dated the 7th of this month, dissolves the
So piety of Mu'ual Assistance, the Dix Decembre. Men of
order before all, we must submit to this dissolution. In
consequence the meeting of to-morrow, Saturday, cannot
take place. You will be hereafter convoked fur the
liquidation of the accounts of the society. Receive, &c
"Paris, Bth Nov."

" GENERAL PLAT.

N. CARMEN, the Prefect of the Police, has sus-
pended the salary of M. YON, the Commissary of the
Police attached to the Legislative Assembly, and
published a letter, in which he gives as his reasons
for this measure that "on a recent occasion M. YON
thought fit to address inexact reports to members of
the Assembly respecting a pretended conspiracy
against General CHANGARNIER and the President of
the Chamber, without having at the same time trans-
mitted these reports to the Prefecture of Police."
The National says that M. DUPIN is determined to
propose to the Assembly a special vote for the purpose
of making good to M. YoN the salary of which he is
thus deprived.
The Jesuit Univers publishes a furious attack on
Lord JOHN RUSSELL'S letter to the Bishop of Durham.
The Journal des Debats, in speaking of that impor-
tant document, says—" This letter is very sharp in
terms, but at bottom it is moderate, and is certainly
not unworthy of the liberalism of which the Minister
hes so often given proofs during the long course of his
political life."
gUSU.si ESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, Nov. 9.
Boulogne and Amiens, 734 —Central of France (Orleans
and Vierzon), 1414—Namur and Liege, ;A—Northern of
France, 14%—Paris and Rouen, 21—Rouen and Havre, 9%.

GERMANY.
I ENTRY OF AUSTRIAN TROOPS INTO COBURG
THE PRUSSIAN LAND WifER CALLED OUT.
The. Cologne Gazette of yesterday contains the
following telegraphic dispatches " BERLIN,N, FRIDAY AFTERNOON.
" It is said that a body of Austrian troops, marching
from Bamberg, have entered Coburg, on their way, as it
is supposed, to Schleswig-Elolstein. The Duke of Co-
burg is reported to have arrived in Berlin."
" BERLIN, FRIDAY EVENING.
" The Deutsche Reform, which has just appeared,
contains an article in which it is: asserted that the Go-
vernment has not yet abandoned the hope of securing an
honourable peace by means of its energetic military de-
monstrations."
" An answer from Vienna has arrived in the course
of the morning, and the Ministry, under temporary pre-
sidency of Colonel Ladenberg, is already deliberating
on its contents. A definitive resolution will, however,
only be arrived at after a deliberation in which the King
will act as President, and which will take place after
the arrival of Count Bernstorff, who has been delved
on his journey by
indisposition."
The Prussian Moniteur publishes the following
order :
" On the proposition of the Ministry, I approve of the
immediate calling out of the army, and authorize the
Minister of War to take the necessary steps for that pur
pose.

(Signed) " FREDERICA( WILLIAM.
" VON LADENBER, VON MANTEUFFEL, VON DER
HEYDT, VON RABB, SIMONS, VON STOCK.
RAUSEN.
" Berlin, Nov. 6, 1850."
A telegraphic dispatch, dated Berlin,iesvreenpinorgteedf.
he 7th, says :
" Her Von Ladenberg will take the presidential chair
of the ministry, ad into Orders have, it
been issued from Vienna to Count Rechberg, the civil
commissary of the Diet, to delay as much possible, in
his operations in the Electorate cf Hesse, an attack upon
the Prussians."
The Berlin Bourse is in a panic in consequence of
the order for the mobilization of the Landwher ; the
public received the intelligence with rejoicing. The
order was given in consequence of the rejection by
Austi is of the terms offered by Prussia, and the de-
mand made by the former for the immediate evacua-
tion of Hesse by the Prussian troops.
The following is from the Deutsche Reform:—
" God command the blessing! With these words his
Majesty is said to have completed the important order,
by which the entire Prussian army is called to uphold
the honour and dignity of Prussia. ' God command his
blessing' will be the reply of the whole Prussian people
to the inspiring call of its noble prince.
" How may we not hope that the blessing of God will
attend the earnest measures of the Prussian Govern-
ment,
.after that this has hitherto studiously avoided all
that did not strictly harmonize with its duties and rights,
and after having erred, if at all, from too great confi-
dence in the sincerity of others, and too large a measure
of the spirit of self-abnegation, but, certainly, not
through haughtiness or to gratify a love of arbitrary
authority, even to the twelfth hour was the dear de-

We have received the Paris journals of Saturday
and of yesterday.
M. CARLIER, the Prefect of Police, has published
an official denial of the truth of the report made to the
Committee of Permanence that the members of the
Society of the Tenth December had conspired to as-
sassinate General CHANGARNIER and M. Durex. On
this subject we find the following in the Constitu-
tionnel

" CASSEL, Nov. 6.
" Major Bauer and one or two sub-officers came here
for the purpose of taking possession of and removing
the 4,500 new muskets standing in the depot of this city.
These officers met with unexpected difficulties. No one
would sell the chests, of which about 100 were neces-
sary. Bauer ordered a number of a carpenter, who im-
mediately received an injunction from his guild to
make no chests for any
,of the officers. The matter was
settled by the Prussian commander who notified that
the tit* was in his charge, and that ao arms could be
removed. The poor men lately discharged from the
army are maintained by public subscriptions until they
can be passed to their homes."

" Nov. 6.
" Yesterday was a quiet day, but to-day FULDA.,
at noon we
wero surprised with an alarm of war. It was said that
the advanced posts had come into collision, and that the
Bavarians were marching hither upon Neuhof. The
troops have been sent forward from this city, and have
taken up their positions. It is said also that the Prince
of Prussia will arrive to-day. The statement that a
Prussian hussar had been shot proves untrue. The out-
pbsts have frequently met, but without firing. A
Bavarian officer yesterday accidentally fell from his
horse and was raised by a Prussian soldier and assisted
to mount his horse. The alleged spy who was brought
in yesterday turns out to be a Prussian officer who was
travelling in civil dress. The error was not discovered
until General Groben saw the prisoner. The Prussians
are at Loschenrode, a mile and a half from this town, on
the Frankfort road, opposite to the Austrian and
Bavarian troops. The Bavarians have already crossed
the bridge at Loschenrode. A temporary arrangement,
it is said, is in progress to prevent hostilities. All at
present is still. The Hessian state-councillor Scheffer
is with the bead-quarters of the Austru-Bavarian army.
Our city is like a camp. Fresh masses of troops are in
motion."

" FRANKFORT, Nov. 7.
" Tha unexpected report of the mobilization of the
whole Prussian army and Landwehr produced a greater
panic on the Bourse than has been known since the
March revolution. Austrian paper fell 5 and 6 per cent.
below their yesterday's prices, and even then found no
purchasers. South German, Spanish, and other paper
gave way considerably. It is stated that arrangements
have been made for transferring the seat of the Diet to
Aschaffenburg, in case of certain eventualities. Bavarian
cavalry entered flanau to-day to replace those who ad-
vanced yesterday."
From %Virtemburg we learn the dissolution of the
Chambers. A letter dated Stuttgart, Nov. 8, says,—
" The result of yesterday's sitting of the Assembly, when
the credit of 300,000 florins demanded by the Minister of
War for raising the Landwehr was discussed, is exciting
great astonishment. The Mercury gives the debate up to
thr"e o'clock, and publishes the division in a supplement.
The first resolution reconsidered by the committee—
' The Chamber declines to sanction the proposed grant
as unnecessary'—wai affirmed by 52 to 5. The second
—' The Chamber protests against every result of the
proposed preparations'--affirmed by 50 against 7. The
third—' The Chamber declares to the Government that,
if the latter will abandon the policy hitherto pursued,
aril act in a manner corresponding to the rights of the
people, and take up a position of armed neutrality, the
Assembly will support it in the same, and provide all
[Beans required fJr the protection of the land and the
maintenance of the honour of the state'—affirmed una-
nimously. The Minister of the Interior then read a
decree dissolving the Assembly, repealing the law of
July 1, 1849, interdicting all further deliberations of the
Chamber, and restoring the old committee of the former
House of States. The greatest excitement was produced,
and the President proceeded to the election of the com-
mittee in spite of the protests of the Ministry.
" When the election of the committee was completed
M. Schoder closed the sitting with these words--
" This committee will watch, according to its power,
over the violated constitution, which we commend to the
protection of Almighty God, in whom we trust and who
will strike injustice to the ground.'—(Bravo.)
" The Deputies and spectators then withdrew. The
Committee of the States which the Government has
:main called into existence consists of Prince Hohen-
lohe, Count Rechberg, MM. Murschel, Holzingor,
Beiel, and Hofer, with six coadjutors when sitting as a
plenum."
The Gazette of Lower Saeony refutes positively the
statement that Hanover has refused to act with the
Diet in the affair of the Duchies, and states that M.
de Hammerstein, secretary of the Minister of the In-
terior, has left Hanover for Frankfort to receive his
instructions as one of the Federal Commissioners.
The Saxon Government has ordered the army to
be placed upon the war footing, and directed between
2,000 and 3,000 horses to be purchased for the re-
mount of the cavalry. In the sitting of the First
Dresden Chamber, on the 4th inst., the Minister of
Justice, Dr. ZSCHINSKY, announced this decision to
the House somewhat in the following terms:—
'° The Government has found itself' under the neces-
sity of mobilising the Saxon army. lam commissioned
to announce this to you, and to remark that a detailed
explanation of causes and purposes will be laid before the
Chamber so soon as possible."
The President of the Chamber replied that the mea-
sure had taken the country by surprise, and that it
would be highly satisfactory if the explanation were
given without delay. Meantime the semi-official
Dresden journal contains the following, under date
of the sth. After declaring that it regards the
entry of the Prussian troops into Hesse as the in-
evitable forerunner of conflict, the journal says—
"lt is the duty of the Saxon Government under these
menacing circumstances to place its troops in full readi-
ness at the disposition of the Bundestag. The various
considerations of the burdens that must consequently be
imposed on the land must give way to more urgent and
higher obligations demanded by the honour and security
of the land.

"Inasmuch as the Saxon Government deep!), deplores
the dangers resulting from these complications, inso-
much must it at least remain free from accusations of
precipitancy or menace. On the contrary, insomuch as
we know instructions were given to the Minister of War
before issuing the decree of the 2d instant, to place him-
self in a position to meet unexpected eventualities, any
hopes that may exist of seeing apprehensions vanish are
not sufficient motives for interrupting required precau-
tionary measures. The hesitation displayed by the Go-
vernment to have recourse to such measures afford gua-
rantees that they have only been recurred to in the race
of imminent danger, and that they will terminate simul-
taneously with this danger. According to the latest ac-
counts from Berlin this desired circumstance may be
speedily anticipated."
The billet office at Dresden has been ordered to
prepare quarters for about 7,000 to 8,000 men, Saxon
troops, during three or four days, and subsequently
for a permanent increase of the present garrison of
about 1,500 or •1,800 men. The German Reform
states that, in consequence of the above resolution, the
Prussian Minister ordered the Prussian Envoy at
Dresden, by telegraph, to demand explanations as to
this armament, and that the Saxon Government bad
replied forthwith, that the resolution was adopted in
consequence of a previous note of M. DE RADOWITZ ;
but that in consequence of subsequent intelligence re-
ceived from Berlin considerable modifications would
take place. _

An order of the Saxon Ministry directs the troops
to lay aside the German cockade. and to employ ex.
elusively the national colour. It has also directed
that officers and soldiers shall solely take oath to the
KING and standards, as provided by the military code
of Saxony.

COUNT BRANDENBURGH, THE LATE
PRUSSIAN PRIME MINISTER.
(From the Berlin Reforine.)
Count Frederick William von Brandenburgh was edu-
cated for the military profession. He entered the service
in the Ist R•A,,iment of the Guards in November, 1807.
In the following year he was promoted from second to
fi.•st lieutenant, and in 1811 he received the commission
of captain. In March, 1812, he was attached to the staff
of General von York, under whose auspices he was pre-
sent in several engagements. In 1813 he became major,
and in that rank he took part in the actions of Mokern,
Kolditz, Konigswartha, Lowenberg, Bunzlau, Freiburg,
St. Dicier, the taking of Chalons-sur-Marne and Chateau
Thierry; he was also present at the better known
battles of Leipsic, Gross-Gorschen, Bautzen, the Katz-
bad), Brienue, Laon, and Paris. At the passage of the Riiine
at Caub Count Brandenburgh was the first who reaohed
the French Wink. For his good conduct at Mokern and

ceased noblernar, whose loos the nation and the Prince
alike mourn, animated by feelings of trust and hope, but
we doubt not that his manly, open breast would have
closed itself against the confid,nce of peace, had he lived
to see new pretensions obtruded on Prussia, most deeply
injurious to the honour of the land.
" Notwithstanding the critical indications pre,ented
to her view, Prussia has hitherto refused to believe that
the other great powers of Germany could speculate on
her humiliation, and prepare to work her downfal, even
at the price of a war of brethren. But now that, at the
same moment when measures are in preparation tor
solving all impending difficulties, outrageous claims are
again addressed to us, Prussia must also be prepared for
the case of an eventual contest in spite of all her conci-
liatory endeavours. Our Government will first occupy
the ground of negotiation which she has trodden until
these last few days. Up to the present moment the Go-
vernment cherished the hope that even Austria would
in the end decide upon the interests of a German and
European peace, as we have done, so as not on its part
to undertake the responsibility of a murderous civil war.
But, enlightened by recent experience, we cannot justi-
fiably omit preparation for the extrernest contingencies.
Our Government would certainly have been glad to spare
the land the sacrifices which the present military pre-
cautions involve, but it cherishes the consciousness that
it has not frivolously or prematurely advanced on the
serious measures on which it has resolved, and knows
also that the nation is ready to make the sacrifices which
have become inevitably necessary with enthusiastic pa-
triotism. Prussia has a past which indicates duties and
imposes saerifices—a past which contains the promise or
a glorious future. The Prussian nation which exults in
the recollections of her history will not renounce its just
claim on the coming time.
"Still is Prussia ready to enter upon any way cf peace
which is at the same time a way of honour, but it others
will insist on war, then is Prussia ready to enter va-
lorously the field. To one course as to the other, we
say God command the blessing.' "
On the 7th inst. GOTTFRIED KINKEL effected his
escape from the prison at Spandau by the aid of
a rope lad der. The Director of Prisons lost no time
in issuing a description of his person, with orders to
all officers to apprehend him immediately. He was
attired in the prison dress when he escaped.
The following letters, taken from the German
papers, give the news from Hesse Cassel :

Wartenberg he received the Iron Cross of the first class.
On the 30th of May, 1814, he was made lieutenant colo-
nel, and attached to the person of the Lto King (la's
bal.-brother). In 1816 he received the cowman(' as
culprit,' of the regiment in which he bad first entered
the service. Erom 1816 to 1846 ho received various
marks of the Royal favour in promotion to the higher
ranks of the army, charg,s, and decorations. His last
military promotion was that of the Bth of May, 1848,
when ho was made general in command of the Bth army
corps.

The events of the autumn of that year placed him at
the head of the Ministry; since that period his career
must be known to all; his services in the re-establish-
ment of our internal affairs will always be memorable.
In his administration he laboured with his colleagues as
an honest, upright, and peace-loving character. To a
strong will, that in November 1848 was displayed in
Berlin and Prussia, and in May of the following year
showed itself active over almost all Germany, he united
a rare modesty. The two characteristics he preserved
under all circumstances, and no greater praise can be
bestowed on our latest policy than when it is judged
according to the character of Count Brandenburgh.
Prussia before all things! No one acted up to this
motto with:greater devotion than he; in November, 1848,
he promised the King to set his lite on the existence of
the monarchy, and now he has sunk beneath the burden
of his mission.

DENMARK AND TILE DUCHIES.
Accounts from Hamburgh, of the 6tb, contain the
last intelligence from the Duchies. Several foreign
officers, among them the Bavarian Colonel VON DER
TANN, had retired from the Holstein army, as they
considered the war terminated, in consequence of the
recent resolutions of the Germanic Diet. The Lieu-
tenancy-General had, however, announced that it
would only yield to force. The federal troops would
consequently have to act in Holstt-in.
A Berlin letter states that the Prussian General
HAHN had returned to that city, after having failed
in his mission to the Lieutenancy- General. The fe-
deral envoy would, it was believed, not be more suc-
cessful. It was positively asserted that Hanover has
refused, in a most peremptory manner, to execute the
orders of the Diet relative to the affairs of Holstein.
The Borsenhalle of Hamburgh states that the
Prussian garrison in that place has received orders to
hold itself in readiness to march.
In the sitting of the Danish Volksthing of the Ist,
a proposition for the adoption of a communal law for
Denmark was rejected by 48 votes to 36. This was
considered a grave defeat to the party of the
peasants.

LEVANT MAIL.
By the Levant mail we have received Constanti-
nople journals to the 24th, and Athens journals to the
28th ult., both inclusively. They contain no political
news of interest, but we find in the Journal de Con-
stantinople, of the 24th, the following account of a
horrible accident :—" Yesterday, at about ten in the
morning, the port was shaken to its foundation by a
horrible explosion. This was caused by the blowing
up of the Niere Chefket of 120 guns, carrying
the Admiral's flag, near the arsenal, in the midst
of the Ottoman fleet. The powder magazine
caught fire, and in a few minutes the port
was covered with ruins and dead bodies. The
ship was five minutes before she sank, and then dis-
appeared with the exception of her maintopmast. Six
or seven hundred men were on board when the fright-
ful catastrophe occurred, and of this number about two
hundred only were picked up floating in the water."
Letters from Zara, of the 29th ult., state that the
Sultan's troops in Bosnia had invested the fortress of
Mostar, and that the rebels would shortly be obliged
to yield. The intelligence from other parts of the
Herzegowina is also favourable to the Turkish Go-
vernment.

We learn from Trieste that on the 2d a telegraphic
dispatch arrived there from Vienna with orders to
place all the steamers of the Lloyd Company at the
disposal of the Government, to convey 20,000 men of
the army of Italy to Trieste.

A SUSPICIOUS CIRCUMSTANCE.
PROVIDENTIAL ESCAPE.
On Wednesday afternoon last the 23d regiment,
under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Torrins,
were marched fully equipped to the grounds of Lord
Morley, at Saltram, where a sham fight took place,
during which several rounds of cartridges were fired
by the troops. The military exploits were witnessed
by the Earl and Countess of Morley, the Earl and
Countess of Mount Edgcumbe, and a large party of
fashionables of the neighbourhood, Captain Rich, the
Captain- Superintendent of the Royal Naval Hospital,
and his daughter, being among the number. On the
firing of one of? the vollies Miss Rich received a
wound in the neck, which was well nigh being of a
fatal character. It bled profusely, and at first occa-
sioned considerable anxiety and alarm to the unfortu-
nate lady and her father, to whom she immediately
communicated the unhappy circumstance. On
examination, however, the wound was discovered
not to be dangerous, but had it been a little deeper,
the result must have been fatal, the flesh being torn
away close to the jugular vein, which was for some
distance laid bare. The wound is long and jagged,
and appears to have been caused by a nail having
been tired from a musket by one of the soldiers. The
question at once arises how came it in the musket ?
certainly a nail, or any other article which would
cause such a wound, as that produced, could not get
into a musket by accident, and the fair conclusion is,
therefore, that it was placed there intentionally, and
was aimed at some one whom it missed, and unhap-
pily struck Miss Rich, for whom, without doubt, it
was not intended, as none of the soldiers could pos-
sibly have any cause for entertaining feelings of ani-
mosity against her. We hope, and doubt not, that
the strictest inquiry will be instituted, and whilst we,
could wish that our suspicions may not prove true,
and that the wound might have been the result of
some accidental circumstance, yet we cannot but
think there are very strong grounds for believing it
to be the act of some one whose malicious feelings
had prompted him to an attempt at assassination.—
Devonport Independent.

DEATH or DR. CARSON.—This estimable gentle-
man, whose position for a long period as Rector of the High
I School rendered his name and his classical attainments fa-
miliar to the great bulk of our townsmen, died at his house
in Lauriston-place on Monday last. The funeral took place
yesterday in the Grey friars' Churchyard. The general
feeling of respect for Dr. Carson's memory suggested the idea
of something approaching to a public funeral. The whole of
the present pupils of the High School accordingly followed
to the grave the remains of the venerable old man, whose
voice had so often been heard within the walls of their Alma
Mater. Upwards of a hundred members of the High School
Club, headed by their Vice-President, the Lord Provost
were also in attendance. The procession extended to a
great length, and from its numbers and character presented
an imposing appearance. On reaching the Greyfriars'
Churchyard, the pupils of the school separated and lined the
passage to the family burial-place. The members of the club
passed between the lines, followed by the coin and the pri-
vate friends of the deceased; the pupils all uncovering as
they passed. It was fitting that he who is so thoroughly-
identified with the High School, should have been thus fol-
lowed by its present scholars to the grave. Than Dr. Carson
none ever possessed a warmer spirit of affection towards the
young scholars of his classes.—Scotsman, of Saturday.
THE GOVERNORSHIP OF MALTA.—Our correspon-
dent of Malta informs us that there is no longer any doubt as
to Mr. More OTerrall's retirement from the Government of
Malta. He has declared that he shall leave in April next,
as his constitution will not permit of his risking another
summer on the Malta island. Lord Beaumont, we under.
stand, is to succeed Mr. More O'Ferrall.--Daily News.
CURIOUS APPLICATION OF GUTTA PERcHA.—In
more than one church the Gutta Percha Company's tubes
have been fitted up from the pulpit and reading desk to pews
occupied by deaf persons, and, notwithstanding they may
sit upwards of 30 feet from the pulpit, they can hear every
word perfectly.
MAYOR OF BRISTOL.—On Saturday John Kerle
Haberfield, Esq., was elected Mayor of Bristol for the sixth
time, an honour unexampled in the modern history of the
city.

MAYOR OF MammonAm.—On Saturday Mr.
William Lucy was, with only one dissentient voice, re-
elected Mayor of Birmingham for the ensuing year. The
active part Mr. Lucy has taken in promoting the Exhibi-
tion of 1851 rendered his re-election almost a matter of
certainty.

MIDDLE TEMPLE.—The following members of
this society were called to the bar, and sworn in on Saturday
last, before several of the benchers Caldwell Roscoe,
John Hargrave Hodgson, George Edward Frere, Henry
Lushington Phillips, and Wm. Parker.
EXTRAORDINARY RAPID VOYAGES.—The Penin-
sular and Oriental Company's steam-ship Ripon, with a full
heavy cargo for Malta and Alexandria, and 14s passengers
chiefly for India, which left Southampton at 9 A.m. on the
20th of October, reached Malta at 2 p.m. on the 29th, after
eight hours' stay at Gibraltar coaling, and notwithstanding
that she experienced a strong contrary gale of wind in the
Mediterranean, with a head sea. The Medusa from Mar-
seilles, with the overland London mails for India of the 24th
October, reached Malta early on the morning of the 30th,
after a run of 62i hours. Among the numerous passengers
she brings the Right Hon. Lord and Lady Cottenham and
family, who propose wintering at Malta for the benefit of his
Lordship's health.
THE CONISCLIFFEYOISONING CA S E.-D ARLINGTON,
Nov. 8 --The mystery in which this case remained shrouded
at the close of the last inquiry has been considerably removed
by the discovery of further particulars, which leave little
doubt but that deceased died by his own act.

DISASTERS AT SEA.—A Neapolitan boat, called

the Maria della Lolera, arrived at Malta on the 28th of
October, with the crew and 50 passengers (all fugitives from
the cholera), of the Tuscan brig Corriere dei Due Amid,
wrecked on the 15th idem in f the Gulf of Catania, when on
her passage to Malta and Leghorn from Bengazy, laden with
wool and wheat. The Sicilian authorities were so panic
stricken at the appearance of any one from a place where the
cholera rages that they lost no time in obliging them to de-
part in the first craft that could be found, in which, though a
mere run across of about 100 miles, these poor miserable
people were huddled together for a whole week.

Some men are good company for half-an-hour,
others for half-a-day, and otherS for their whole lives.—
Eliza Cook's Journal.

A new church is about to be erected at Rosberville,
Gravesend, for which a contract has been entered into by a
firm at Stratford, in Essex.

AN ANCIENT MARINER.—There is a sloop, a
vessel of and belonging to the port of Aberystwith, about
140 years old. She has made several voyages this year to
the west of Englanql. The old vessel looks well, and is still
considered seaworthy:— Carnarvon Herald.