The Sun.
London, England, 1857-07-31 00:00:00

ru E SUN, LONDON FRIDA EVENING, JULY 31, 1857,

GOODWOOD RACES.—(TFs Day.)

THE ATLANTIC TEL AGRAPH.

ihr Paid! RarLwATs.

Leasing
companies

Closing Prices
yesterday

Business
this dso'

(BY ELECTRIC TELECiRAPII.)
NURSERY STAKES.

The alteration from the original plan of hying
down the Atlantic telegraph cable, though it will
delay for a short time the completion of the com-
munication between the two continents, has the
advantage of enabling us on this side the Atlantic
to know from hour to hour how the work pro-
ceeds ; and in the course of a few days we shall
most probably be able to report progress. One
end of the cable will be connected with the tele-
graph station at Valentia, and then the Agamem-
non and the Niagara, with their two at-
tendant steam-vessels, will start together,
and proceed in company to Newfoundland.
When one of the large ships from which the cable
has been paid out has been disburthened, the
end of the first half will be connected to that
coiled up in the hold of the other ship, and
by that time the success or failure of the
undertaking will be almost certainly known ; for
the greatest of the difficulties will then have been
encountered.

Buckghamsh
IfilydeealeJc.
Col.Staur Vy.
.E.Lin. g. 6 p.c
;E. tin. 11. Sh.
Was. Barr. &
Nolls.Direct.
It. 1100 Do. New
re' all Glstr.&Dn.Fr
i 0 all Hull & Selby
5 all Do. Shares
1211 all Do. Shares
12iI all Lon.&Greenw
20 lall Do.Preferenee
St. 100 Lou. Til., &S.
10 j 74' Do. Birk. Sh.
SAI all Manch.Bxton.
I and Matlock
St. 1100 M,1.1t.1. Bradt&
61 5/ Newmarket
• ;BuryE.G.spc.
50 all N.& Est.s p.c.;
50 , all 6 per et
50 j all Do.Fixecl sp.c
25 ; all I Prest. & Wyrc
12:1 all ; Do. 1 Shrs. A
St. 103 :lloystn.& Hit.
10 all ,Shrews.& Her
12 all ;S. Stagordsh
50 I all ,IVearVaLg6pc
25 all ,Do
St. 100 Wilts &Sal-first

K. 100
>t,. 100
15 all
>t. 100
5 all
;t. 100

91 - 93

Kelpie
014 Times
Brother to Mary Copp

1 fi - 13
1133 - 135
1 3i- 4.

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.

- 109

HOUSE OF COMMON —(finis Day.)
The SPEAKER took the chair at 12 o'clock.
_ PRIVATE BUSINESS. _

12 —12 i
22i 234
99 101
id P
91 92

The Lord amendments to the following bills were con-
sidered and agreed to :—Burial of the Dead within the
Liberties of London, Haslingden and Todmorden Roads,
Kinross-shire Railway, Metropolitan Railway (No. 2.),
and South Staffordshire Water.
PETITIONS.

if - g
55 - 571

Mr. CROSS and another hon. member presented pe-
titions from the inhabitants of Preston complaining of
the scarcity of cotton, and praying for an enquiry into
the causes that prevented its growth in India,

Objections have been taken to the machinery for
paying out the cable as too cumbrous for the work,
and as likely to break the line ' • and it has also been
stated as a serious mistake that the twist of the two
halves of the outer wire rope are different ; but
from neither of those circumstances need there be
much apprehension • and the second objection is
indeed quite insignificant. The most formidable
difficulties are those which pertain to the very nature
of the enterprise ; the difficulty of maintaining
perfect insulation in so long a wire, and of dis-.
charging the residual electricity. What effect
the pressure of the water at great depths may
have on the elastic insulating materials in the
first place, remains to be seen. At a depth of
two miles the pressure will be upwards of two
tons on every square inch of surface, and the effect
of that amount of compression on an elastic body
may be conceived when it is stated that a gallon
of air would be reduced within the compass of a
walnut-shell ; and at a depth of three miles air
would be denser than water. The gotta percha
and the tarred rope that cover the thin cord of
copper wires, when subjected to such enorn4gns
pressure, may be squeezed into one-tenth their pre-
sent thickness, and the insulated wire will be com-
pressed within the outer casing of wire rope, as if
it had shrunk from it, leaving a water space be-
tween them. What effect this compression of the
gutty percha on the inner wire may have on the
insulation remains to be proved, but we are in-
clined to think that the compression of the insulat-
ing material will be beneficial rather than other-
wise ; and as to the outer casing of wire rope, its
separation will be of no consequence as regards
the security or the insulation of the wire. It
is questionable,. a a ed, whether it 11.3 s not been
from the begin& an unnecessary, as well as a
costly, appendages
Assuming, then, that no disruption occurs in the
laying down, and that the insulation remains in-
tact, the question to be proved is, whether distinct
electric signals can be sent successively through
the submerged wire with sufficient rapidity to be
available for telegraphic purposes. In the expe
riments of Mr. Whitehouse, at Greenwich, through
1,600 miles of wire, the signals were transmitted at
the rate of four is a second, though the time occu-
pied in passing from one end of the wire to the other
was three-quarters of a second. It thus appeared
that two or more separate signals were traver-ing
the wire at the same instant. Another experiment,
which told in favour of the arrangements made for
discharging the electricity from the wire after each
signal was this. When an instantaneous charge of
magneto-electricity was given to the wire, it re-
mained charged with electricity for several seconds,
and the shock, if received on the tongue, instead of
being violent and instantaneous, became a pro-
longed electrical sensation, indicating clearly the
detention of the electricity in the wire. But by
reversing the direction of the electric current after
each instantaneous charge, that sensation ceased ;
from which it may be inferred by reversing the cur-
rent
after each signal the wire will be sufficientty
discharged to transmit another signal instanta-
neously. It must be observed, however, that in
these experiments at Greenwich the battery which
communicated the signal and the instrument which
received it were close together, at the two ends
of the thousand miles of insulated wire, and
it is well known that very different results may
be obtained when the telegraph instrument is
placed in the middle of the circuit. Fears may,
therefore, be still rationally entertained that when
the cable is safely deposited in the bed of the Atlan-
tic the wire may not be discharged of electricity
with sufficient rapidity after each signal by merely
reversing the electric current. Should this diffi-
culty occur, it will begin to show itself after about
400 miles of the cable have been laid down, and
we shall look with much anxiety for the reports
of its progress after that distance has been com-
pleted.
Those not acquainted with telegraphic opera-
tions may be at a loss to know how, with a single
wire, a voltaic current can be completed. In the
early stages of the electric telegraph it was cus-
tomary to employ a second insulated wire to bring
back the current to the voltaic battery, but it was
afterwards found that the moist earth is so good a
conductor of electricity that it will serve the pur-
pose better than a wire. It is now usual, there-
fore, at all telegraph stations, to bury a plate of
copper in the ground and to connect it with the
voltaic batteries by a wire, and that metal plate
keeps up the electric communication through the
earth with all the other stations where similar
plates are buried. In the Atlantic telegraph
the return current will in the same manner be
conducted through tho sea by communication with
immersed metal plates on each side of the Atlantic.

133 - 134
8 - Si
9 - 94

32 - 33
89 - 91

PREFEREN

:E SHARES.

Blyth and Tyne 10 p.
e.pref. (issd.at 501.)
Bris. & Ex. 4 p. c. St.
Do. 4 per c. Shares..
Caledn. £lO p. c.
Ches. & Ho. 5} p.c.
Do. do. 5 per cent
Cork & Bandons
Dun.Perth.&Aber.J.
E. Anglian Cis. A. Sh.
Do. do. Cls. B 6p. c.
Do. do. Cls. C 7 p. c
Ea.s.Co.Ex,sp.cNo.l
Do. No. 2
Do. New 6 pr. c. St.
East Uu., G. 6 p. c.
Do. 51., 70 per cent.
Do. 10 Debentr.Sh.
Do. do. 4 per cent...
East Lane ash .6 p . cts.
E.&W. York. J. sths
Edin. & Gl. 5 p. c. Sh.
Ed.Prth.&Dun.4p.c.
Furness, 5 p. c
Glas. & 5.W.G.5 p.c.
Great Northn. 5 p.c.
Do. 5 n. c. Redeem.
at 10 p. e. prem....
Do. 4:2 per cent
Do. 5 p.c., Red. at 5
p. e. prem.
Gt.N.of Scot.ist Pre
Gt. S & W. (Ireland)
Do. 4 per c. Pref. St.
Gt.W.(B.&II.Ex.Spc
Do. con. red. 4 4 p.c.
Do. con. red. 4 p. c.
Do. iried. 4 per lent.
Do 5 p. c. red. pref.
Do. Bir.u. Pref. Sh
Do. Chester Sp. c.P.S
Do. do. 5 p. c. do
Do. Birm. Gua. Stk
Do. Chesil. Gua. Sh
Do. do. do
Do. do. do.
Lan. & York. 6 pc. St.
Lon. &B. G. 5 pc. No. 1
D0.,P., 5 p.c. St. N 0.2
Do. New Guar. 6p.c.
Do. do. 5 p. c., N 0.4
Lon. & N. W., Cov. 4:
NunePton 5 p. ct
Lon. & S.W. 7 pare!.

-:

9. 7-7 97
-

-61 = o'i

111 -- 115 1
112 - 116
121 - 12

70 7= 72

di - iii

1105 - 107
1100 - 102

60 - 62
10} - 10

5i -- 6;i
92 -- 94
82 - 84
83 -- 85
99 -- 101
9i -- 104
17 -- 171
91 -- 104
73 -- 75
191 -- 204
9i -10 i
14i -- 154

138 - 141
115 - 117

late 3d Shales
Londy.& Color. Sh
Londy.&Eunis. Sb
M., S., &L. 6 p. Cont
Do. do. do. .f.:6
Do. do. 34 per cent.
Mary pt. & Carl. 4 p.c.
Do. 44 per cenG
Do. do.
Aid. Con sol. 6 p.c. St
Do. Con. Br. B ir. 6 p.c
Do. 44 p. c. Pref. St
Do. L. H. Pre:. St
New., Aber.. &c., pr
5 p. c. red . 5 p. c. pm
Do. Pelmet. b P. et
:Corf k Deb. 4 .1. c Sh
Do. 5 p. c. Ext. 1C46
Do. SA p.c. p; , 1347
Do.Wv.V.sp. _S47
North British
Do. it. Preference
N.E. Berw. 4 p. c.Prf.
Do. do. do
Do. Leeds 6 pc. No
'Do. do. Qrs., 1848...
Do. York 11. & S. Pur.
North Staffordshire..
Ox., Wor. & Wolv. 6
p.c. Ist guar......
Do. 6%,. c. 2d guar...
Scot. J ut.New Pref.
Se.N.E.Aber.r.6p.c.
Do. do. 7 p.c. pf. St.
Do. d 0.3 p.c. pf. St
South Devon
Do. fixed 44 pi cent
S. Eastern (Reading
Ann.) of £1 Os. 6d.
Do. 4i per cent
I Do. Fixed 44 p.c. Sh
S. Wales Gua. 4 p. c
Do. do. 44 p. c
S.Yorksh.4 p. c. Guar
Stock. &Dar., 5 p. c
Do. do. do.
Stock. & Hartl. g. 5
p.c. till July 1, '56
Waterfd& Kilk. 6 pc.

155 - 158

-
6/ - 69

1 - 135
97 - 99
87 - 89

ii - iii

1102 - 104

93 95
li ld

1 id.
22i —23 t

117 - 119
98 - 100

105 - 110

186 = 196

22] - 23
98 - 100
95 - 100

27 - 28
2 - 3p

•••i - 2 ••i
2