The Sun.
London, England, 1850-01-30 00:00:00

TIIE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JANUARY 30, IESO

LIT E ;', ,A.TURE.

sAf AT I,E; GER ; or, thc Tlire(ills (f life. 1 VOL
S, '17)!:=*(-::4 bizto:tes
e•ith !v,i7;ture, iii ii eijtn.s .:re espttialy rr..sei-
,e.l by tho;e '
Lich el 1••eli nyiGn pii,ssl,m I-other
t1(1 detail thoilitts in,;ead of inniJents,
" St. Leger" all ertains, in a degree', to both
cLsses. The lovers of the marvel, „ous aTri the nry:ti-
cal will, without doubt, be charme.d by the a/at:).
biographer's preliminary announc; oenf, " the age
of twenty-three I find myself up ,n th threshold of
two wuildf. I have, fini•lied rnv IS; u 1 on earth," &c.
j Tney will furthermore Le delighted by an intro-
ductic.n to the mysterious and villancus
VaArey, who either alienates or fascinates all
with whom he comes in contact ; thy will
linger with horrible delight over the moun.fal
prophecy which overshadows with gloom the early
cars of tie unfortunate S'. I.?i,:er. The tenibly
st.,ry f b.ve, dcceit, murder, and madness
recoun!td one of L-;>>;r's fellow-3`Udents, The
i,t,iat'd and the strange brid..l of his
thught, r these innumerahl•J other most
romantic the-nes are to be met with in d e pages of
this One voltune—a pci f .ct feat for the lovers t f
strangely romantic adventure. For our.seive!, "S .
Leger" in this Feint el view is without attraction. I s
incidents are too impiobable, not to say imp, ssible,
and some of its characters too unnatural, to excite on
our port any interest in the work as a tale. Taken
in its other character, however, as the de-
' velopinent of an inward lif , as a book
of thought, it is both attractive and excel-
lent, so much so that we gladly oveiloole the
improbabilities of the tale, for the sulk of the moral
reflA:tions which it strings together. \Ve are willing
to linger in the company even of the terrible Vau-
trey and the amazing IS"cedallab, in order to become
better acquainted with the pure-minded Theresa, or
to dive in'o the recesses of the doubting heart of
William S. Leger. There are in this volume so
many truthful thoughts, so beautifully expressed,
that its perusal cannot fail to give pleAsure, and very
probably to prove beneficial, to all who read it. It is
difficult among so many to select any passages for
specimens. The following are, perhaps, among the
best

eve' -;2l;anginy, always Leng. Bet that which fhttcr,d
my pride, do roved Itppin,.:!ss; aryl Ie x!'a':r-t-41 in
n!tguis!, t Wr.o give te,,s back my- soul?'
13nt of rit t)e most dc, ply mournful were tliesp
tb.a ,tlt,rkt.l throbbing, threbbinr, close in under Lby
hear;, whenv-,,r I saw my motht.r. I eculd not (neGunter
her sort, kind, inquiring eyes, raised !O min e, anziou,ly
bat silently asking what it seas that disturbed her chip'.
There vras that in her p,azl which I dared not meet. It
was t.o pure, so peaceful, so hetv-culy—yet so troubled.
" At:d could ray new philosophy I e truth-inspired and
yet not support toe undrr ti e e fresh trials? In my
ilstrcss I af plitd to :'e Lisle, I,ut received no aid."
The pure true-hearted Them s^, who enacts to-
wards LEger a part 4Lnikr to that of the gen:le
.A.gees towards David C.Tperfleld, wins him back to
holier and heppier sentiments. "St. Leger," notwith

standing its improbable character as t story, is
beautiful bock, full Lf beautiful thoughts, and w,.11
worthy cf perusal.

THE MANUAL OP BOOK-KEEPING

By _Henry Tuck.
The Lest proof of the utility ( f this book is that
hai. reached its sixth editiot.. It (Anciently suppli,s
a want that hal ken keg felt, that of a cl-ur and
concise system of book-keeping. To the cum nercial
man we need not point out how essentill such a sy-
tem is, and, therefore, the commercial world is
dceply indebted to Mr. Tuck (the well-known
compiler (..f rJi!way statistics) f:r this useful book,
which, we are happy to find, is carrying r,!foun
through the counting-houses dour great commercial-
establizhments thr, ug.i the ler.gtl and breadth of
the land.

THE HIGH: TIDE OF YESTERDAY.

Yesterday wi:l loree be remembered le parrs liv-
ing 1:3-tr the hantel of e'r'e river T. :ee- s. the tide her-
in g risen ee z x 'raw dee!rile nn to evert', w' the
walls of the river a'.ll;ettacdate the varieus thuaough-
fares along either Awe. So unexpected was the
high tide tint no one hid made any preparation to
preserve thelr property, and the consequence was that
mischief to an iecaleel.able amount vv se done. The
tide on the previous day
was lower than it has been
known to be for some considerable time past, whilst
that of yesterday rose two feet one inch higher than it
di lin Octole r, 1844, when so much property vv S
destroyed. The first notice the inhabitants received
of this feat ful visitation was shortly after three o'clock,
about half an hour before high water. At that period
the water began to flow over the banks, but as that
had freqeuntly been seen before, ne particular notice
was 'alien of that circumetenee; but in the space of
ameher ten minutes it became apparent to every be-
heller that a great destruction of property, if not cf
humtn life, uas inevitable. The various wharves
:stout; the river soon presented innueme sheet of
water, tirade r and other articles i, ieg forced eb eat
with the strength of the tide if, tea-10de confusien ;
whilst the small craft lying on the shores of the
Thames were either filled with water, or forced into
the open street,. The following are the places which
sufferi d most severely
Lemneru.—The property destroyed in this parish,
end the two adjoining,
must reacts to many th :us eret
pounds. In College-street the tide rose to the end
of the dock at the bottom of the street, then rushed
down the thoroughfare, filling the kitcnens of every
house, and rising several feet in the ground flours.
The inmates being so suddenly visited, scarcely knew
what to do, and many of them flew to the upper
windows, when they beheld a scene that can scarcely
be believed by those who did not witness it. The
whole of the street was One great expanse of water ;
and the only means for the residents to leave their
habitations were in carts and boats. From College-
street the water rushed into the Belvidere-road,
crossed the York-road, flooded Vine-street, and
travelled as far as the terminus of the South-Western
Railway in the York-road, the whole of the open
piece of ground belonging to-the railway company in
the York-road being several inches under water.
In Vine-street the water;,rtisheel down the kitchens
and forced the furniture up to the ceilings. Ia one
of the houses adjoining Napier's engineering works
three children nearly perished. Their mother being
upstairs, and not aware cf what had occurred,
was startled at hearing the children screaming
violently : at first she imagined one of them
had set fire to its clothes. She rushed down
stairs, and when she got into the kitchen found the
children nearly to their necks in water. Fortunately
she succeeded in getting them out, but had a few
more minutes elapsed the three must have perished.
In Edward. street, Lambeth, the water rose so high,
and beat so furiously against a wheelwright's shop
that it was partially destroyed, and the walls falling
against the back of the houses in Prince's-buildings,
knocked in the windows and nearly killed the
affrighted occupants, who had taken shelter in the
upper rooms. In the Belvidere-road, under the dry
arch of Waterloc-bridge, the water rose several feet,
so that no person could pass either up or down with-
out the aid of boats or vehicles. In the Crescent of
Belvidere -road the houses have sustained great injury,
and the furniture is destroyed. As late as eight
o'clock last evening the lower floors of the houses in
'College-street were full of water. Tee furniture
belonging to nearly fifty persons in this street is
either destroyed or extensively damaged. Fore-
street (Lambeth), Bishop's-walk, as well as the
several wharves on the opposite side of the river
at Milbank, were all under-water, the tide crossing
the public roar', and rushing down the street opposite.
At Fore•street, Lambeth, the traffic was en'irely
stopped during the afternoon ; the water rose so
high that boats were obliged to be used to remove the
inhabitantr. Fortunately when the predicted high
tide, three weeks since, was talked of, it induced many
persons to make preparations for keeping the enemy
out; these remaining yesterday, much property by
that means was saved. Not a single house, however,
which was not so-protected escaped, and the licensed
victuallers' cellar-stocks have been greatly damaged
by the floating and sinking of the casks. Along
Vauxhall, and the Laminas lands at Fulham and Bat-
tersea the open country presented broad sheets of
water, in many places several feet deep.
STRAND, &c.—The whole of the wharves along the
Strand were also under water. At the Halfpenny
Steam-boat Pier the water entered the premises to a
fearful extent, so that the:money takers were obliged
to meke a precipitate retreat. The Fex-under•the-
Hill at the Adelphi-pier was also under water, and
the stock damaged. It would be impossible to give a
list of the whole ( f the premises injured, as scarcely
a building on either side of the river escaped, anti the
furniture destroyed must amount to many thousand
pounds. The tide completely overflowed the Temple-
gardens, and instead of the grass plats, nothing but
water could be seen -for upwards of half-an-hour..,
&c.—At the. London Docks all register
of the depth tf the tide was lost from the water over-
flowing the gates. At the S-. Katharine's, for two
hours after flood, the water poured over the gates like
a cataract. The measurement of the tide yesterday
morning at the St. liatharine's Dicks was 28 feet,
and in the afternoon 31 feet 4 inches, making a dif-
ference, between morning and evening, of 3 feet 4
inches. As may be imagined, great consternation
prevailed along the river-side at the unusual rise of
the tide. People, who were prepared for the fulfil-
ment of a prophecy a month ago, had made no pre-
paration fir yesterday, and the consequence has been
considerable 'damage to household propel ty. In
Wapping High-street the water stood 5 feet high;.
boats were plying about instead of vans, and people
moving from the lower to the upper part of the house
in such consternation as to leave their property behind.
It is impossible to e' mate the damage done ; unfor-
tunately it is principally
confined to those who are
least able to bear it--the humbler classes—whose all
has been in a measure demolished by the effect of the
water. From all we can learn, the wharves were
pretty well prepared for the tide, and froni. the num-
ber of labourers always at hand, perishable goods
were removed before they were affected, with few
and unimportant exceptions. •
ROTH BRIIITHP.-0a the opposite side of the river,
particularly at Rotherhithe, between 300 and 400
warehouses, house?, and other premises,
were partially inundated. It was not until past one
o'clock that any apprehension was entertained of the
approaching tide. The bulk of the warehouse owners
immediately adopted the most judicious means in
barricading their doors and windows, whilst others
lost no time in removing stores and all perishable
goods from near where the water might reach. There
were others who neglected the slightest precaution
until the last moment, and their loss in consequence
was considerable. Before two o'clock the tide had
swept over many parts of Rotherhithe wall, and the
neighbourhood being several feet below the level of
the ordinary tide, the water rushed down the various
courts and alleys with the force of a cataract, creating
the greatest dismay to the poor creatures who crowded
the cellars and lower floors of the hovels in this loca-
lity. Several miraculous escapes from drowing oc-
curred. By half-past two, all the lower portion of Roe
therhithe, with its meadows, were under water. In
many of the streets it was nearly two feet in depth.
In this state it continued upwards of an hour, and on
the water receding, an offensive mass of filth and mud
was left in the streets.
The damages resulting from
the tide are both numerous and heavy.
GREEN WICET..— At 8 quartee past two o'clock the
rush of water over the. banks of the river and through
all the streets situated along
shore was alarming.
The ground in front of the Royal Hospital, called the
'
five-foot way, was wholly impassable, and the whole
of the grounds belOrigiieg
the Commissioners of
Greenwich Hospital, fermerly occupied by numerous
public-houses, &c., were-coinpletel, inundated. From
the Salutation Tavern, Waterman s Pier, nearly the
whole of Church-street; 'Billingstate-stree, Thames-
street, Bridge-street,' the Wood Wharf—a street
running parallel with the river to the Horseferry-
road, opposite to the Dreadnought Seamen's Hos-
pital ship—were deluged by the continuous rush of
water ; and when the tide had reached its limit, were
about two feet under water. In this district of the
town nearly every cellar and warehouse were flooded,
doing serious damage to tavern-keepers and numerous
other proprietors. The reporter saw bakers' carts
delivering their bread at the first floor windows--the
horses standing up to their bellies in water. At
Greenwich the tide rose six inches higher than re-
membered by the oldest man connected with the na-
vigation of the Thamee.
the morning n Monday the tide was so low in
000rLnwi
nigc fit .h
—atOnone of the Woolwich passenger
steam-boats could leave Roff's wharf until ten o'clock,
and even then with considerable difficulty and touch-
ing on the shoals. At about two o'clock P.M. yester-
day the tide ro,e to a greater height than it has been
known since 1841. In the dockyard considerable
anxiety existed front the apprehension that the cais-
son would give way.which
on;
out the water of
the river from the Slip on, which toe Agamemnon,
80 guns, is building, owing to the immense pressure,
when the water began to run over it into the slip,
rising to some height on the blocks on which the
stern part cf the keel has been laid. At the west-end
the crater entered the saw-pits, and was beginning to
enter the slip in which the Royal Albert, 120 guns, is
being built, . when fortunately the tide began to ebb.
The water entered the mast-house to a considerable
depth, filling all the sae -pits. The 'outer basin was
filled to nearly level with the wharf-wail, and the
water ran over from it into King Williem the Fourth
Dock, where the Magceea h fitting with a screw pro-
peller. The dock engine was soon set to work and
kept the weer low until the tide turned, when it was
emptied ,The water of tt-e river rushed over the em-
bankment at Lower Charlton with great force, and
soon acquired a considerable depth in the Manor-

j way, where a number of cottqges hvie been built
horses with carts and boats were promptly brought to
I the sp9t, to remove the krrifird
.11ch11,17.riurt 7s they cr4d take w7th I.2',:rtu-
n,)lely it was rewark..bly calm and tine, otberwi,e
there would have been a far greater destruction of
property .

PORTSMOUTH, TUESDAY.—We had a❑ exceedingly
high tile tc-day, brought up no doubt by the high
S.W. wind last night. Bffoad-atrect was inundated.
To-day we have a cahn, with N%-Ty thick weather.

NAVA 1, IN TELLIGLNCE.
PORTSMOUTH, TUESDAY.—Captain Sir Baldwin
Walker, K.C.8., Surveyor of the Navy ; Captain
Ellice, Comptroller of the Steam Department of the
Navy; aed the Junior-Assistant Surveyor of the
Navy, came from London last night on an official
visit to this dockyard. Sir B Walker and Captain
Ellice, iii conjunction %% ith Captain Chads, C B , of
her Alt.jesty's ship Excellent, fmtn a committee to
inquire into and report upon the best method of rah -
jog reed loaering the propellers of screw steam ships
in the Royal Navy, co as to di-prose with as much as
pls.ible of that dead weight near the stern-post of
ships, now so cumbersome and detrimental to their
orogres!. Exp_riments were tried on board the
Blenheim, 60, steam guard- hip, Commander J. A.
Sza vens, wh( 1-, with rope tackle, the process was
accomplished in six minute e. Mr. Marrav, the Super-
intendent Engineer of the Doe kyard, is of opihion
he can apply a screw lever, which will do the weak in
two minutes, and di-p-nse with the manifold appli-
ances now used in performing the same duty. Sir
Baldwin Walker afterwards made an inspection of the
various ships under repair and refit, and works in prc-
g ass in the dockyard. These periodical visits of such
an officer as Sir Baldwin cannot fail to be highly
advantageous.
The Hecate steam-sloop, Commander Shadwell,
arrived this morning from Bermuda, whence she
sailed on the 9th inst. On her passage she expe-
rienced very severe weather, having been in a gale of
wind nearly a week. She brought home several in-
valids from the 421 Regiment and Royal Artillery.
She is ordered into harbour to refit. It is gratifying
to state that although her crew is one borrowed from
the Excellent chiefly, among whom are.some famous
gunners, not one case of desertion to America has oc-
curred, although she lay some time off an American
port. The Wellesley, 72, Vice-Admiral Earl Dun-
donald, G.C.8., and the Plumper, 11, Commander S.
M. Nolloth, were at Bermuda when the Hecate
sailed. She has been under sail alone, with paddle-
floats off, 1;560 miles, has now arrived with nearly
half her full quantity of coals in her bunkers—some-1
thing very much to the credit of Commander Shad-
well. She has brought a mail and the following pat-
sengers:—Mr.Keowr, R.N., late surgeon of the Pes
tonjee Bomanjee transport ; Mr. Pinhorn,- late de-
puty clerk of the works at Berrnu&, superseded, and
Mrs. Pinhorn ; Lieutenant M'Leod, of the 421 keg',
ment, in charge of 30 invalids of that regiment, and
three of the Royal Artillery ; and Mr. Joseph Wal-
ker, second master, late acting-master of the Trin-
comalee, dismissed the service. The Admiral was
about to proceed to the West Indies in the course of
a few days. The Ilecate is ordered to be kept in com-
mission and fitted for foreign service.
There have been many reports about the Raleigh,
50, C iptain the Hon. G. Hope, being paid off all
standing ; but she will be totally dismantled, and will
probably go into ordinary at Portsmouth. She is
entering stores and unrigging with all dispatch.
We have authority fur stating that her M.jesty's
ship Hastings, 62, late the flag-ship of Sir Francis
A. Collier, deceased, is to continue the flag-ship of
Almiral A usten— an arrangement much to be ap-
plauded, both in point of economy and efficiency. No
ship ever was in better order or in better hands. She
had not lost a man by sickness or desertion since com-
missioned. Captain Morgan will come home on being
superseded by Captain Aus!en.

The Comet steam-vessel, Commander R. C. Otter,
was paid off all standing today
WooLwicn, JAN. 29.
APPOINTMENTS.

Lieutenant William Wolleock (4) (1809), to be
retired commander of 1830.

Lieutenant Charles Goldsmith (1825), to command
the Wellington cruiser.
Lieutenant A. IL B. Carter (184), of the coast
guard, to command the Wicklam revenue cruiser.
Lieutenant William L. Lambert (1842), to be a
chit f officer of the coast guard.
William Wollcock (a) entered the navy in May,
1800, as A B on board the V‘suve, Lieutenant-
Commanders William Eliot, William Chapman, and
Benjamin Crispin, stationed in the North Sea. He
served next frem April, 1801, until July, 1802, part
of the time as midshipman in the Powerful, 74, Cap-
tain Sir Francis Laforey, in the Baltic, off the port
of Cadiz, and in the West Indies ; and from March,
1803, until June, 1807, under Sir William Sidney
Smith, in the Antelope, 50, and Pompey, 74. I i the
Antelope he la as often in action with the enemy's
flotilla between Flushing and Ostend; and in the
Pomi 6_, he passed the llsrdanelles and assisted at the
d.!structiOn of a Turkish squadron anchored under the
Buns of a redoubt on Point re,quies. On ti.e Bth of
July, 1807, he was nominated Sub-Lieutenant of the
Pincher gun-brie-, Lieutenant-Commanders James
Aberdour and Samuel Burgess, in the North Sea; he
was promoted to the full rank of Lieutenant on the
25th cf March, 1809, and he was afzer wards,
from June following until June, 1814, em-
ployed in the Persian, 18, Captains Samuel
Martin Co'quitt and Charles 8.. r tram ; and
the Iris, 36, Captain Hoed Ilanway Christian, on
the. West Indii7, home, at.d Brszlian stations.
He assisted in the Persian at the capture of the priva-
teers 'ambuscade, of 14 guns and 63 men, and Petit
Jean, of 16 guns, only 8 mounted, and 65 men. Ilis
last sea appointment was to the Poictiers, 72, Captains
William Henry Shirreff and Sir Thomas Bourchier,
depot-ship of ordinary at Chatham, where he served
as first-lieutenant from the 4th of April, 1844, until
the summer of 1847. In addition to the above inter-
esting details of the services of this gallant officer,
given in " O'Byrne's Naval Biographical Dictionary,"
it is also stated that he was honourably mentioned in
the London Gazette of 1809, fur his gallant conduct in
command of the boats of the Pincher and Basilisk,
when he succeeded, in the early part of 1809, in cap-
turing a Danish privateer, mounting one carriage gun
and four swivels, and a galliot laden with deals. Such
a long period of service. s rewarded by placing
the gallant veteran on the retired list of com-
manders of 1830, which entitles him to the half-pay
of 7f. per day.
Commander Codrington Forsyth, having studied
steam at the factory at Woolwich Dockyard, was ex-
amined yesterday by Mr. Trickett, assistant to the
chief engineer, and passed in a very satisfactory man-
ner, receiving his certificate accordingly.
SURVIVING OFFICERS OF TILE OLD SUPERB.—
Among the surviving officers t f the o'd Superb is
Commander Willcox (late of Portsmouth ordinary,
and uncle of Commander Willcox of the Fury). He
served in the Superb, 74, for upwards of eleven
years as midshipmen,. acting lieutenant, and lieu-
tenant, under Captain John Sutton and the late Sir
K. G. Keats. He was in Sir James Saumarez's
action with the Franco- Spanish squadron ; was in
Lord Nelsen's pursuit of the combined fleets; in
Duckworth's action off St. Domingo and at Copen-
hagen; and subsequently, whilst belonging to the
Superb, had charge of two gun-boats at the siege of
Flushing, and commanded one of several boats that
boarded and carried a Danish brig of 18 guns and a
cutter of twelve guns.
EIYAL MARINES.—The following Admiralty cir-
cular, relating to the pay of Quartermasters, has been
received by the commandants of the four divisions,
which is dated from the Royal Marine-c frice, viz.:—
" Her Majesty bas been graciously ph asee, by Order
in Council of the Bth inst., to direct that the daily pay

of Quartermasters of the Roy al Marines shall be as f,,!-
lows, viz.:—Upon first appointment, Gs. 6J; after ten
years' service as a quartermaster, or after fifteen years'
service as a commissioned or non-commissioned officer, of
which at least five years shall have been is quarter-
master, S.. 6d.; after fifteen years' service as a quarter-
master, or a4t3r twenty years' service as a commissioned
or non-commissioned officer, ( f which at least ten years
al, all have been as quartermaster, 10r.
" By ccmmand Lf the Lords Commissioners of the
Admiralty.

" JOHN OWEN, Deputy Adjutant-GenetaL"

INNER TEMPLE, JAN. 29.—A further call to the
bar of stude.,ti ftt e lion. Society of the Inner Temple
wai made this evening, and :they comprised tho af,er-
mentioned gentlemen :—John Thomas Abdy, of Trinity
Hall, Cambridge, B.C.L. ; William Byem, of Trinity
College,' Cambridge, 8.A.; George Robert Cumyn Chil-
ton, of Christ Church, Oxford, B.A. ; and Samuel
Shepherd, of Northallerton, in the county of York.
LINCOLN'S INN, JAN. 29 —The after-mentioned
memt era of the Hon. Society f Lincoln's Inn have been
eallcd to the degree of Barrister-.:t law, and they were
this c vening sworL in before several of the bench( re:—
Ede. and P. Fi.ton, BA. ; Timothy S. o.ler, LL B. ;
Thomas Btcror; William Wright, jun.; John F. Miller;
Robert W. T.ylor; Arthur H. Estc,,urr, M.A.; Herman
L. Prior, AI.A. ; Henry Thomas J. Jenkinsor, M.A. ;
and John Sayer, ALA.

EXTRAORDINARY ACCIDENT.—On Saturday week,
as Mr. James Milligan, hosier here, aai v alkiug along
Buccleugh•street, be slipped on the ieo which covered
the pavement. To save himself from fulling, he caught
at the iron railings in front of the bower, whin tl:e spike
of one c f the bars entered between his little finger and a
ring worn on it, on which the whole weight of his body
was thrown in consequence. The t)p p nt;on of the
finger was torn off by the sudden wrench, and the ter-
don ztt.tally pulled out and coiled round tho bar. Mr.
Milligan, wit') gr( at, fortitude, though he must have
Suffered di eadfally, walked to the house of a sat-
t-zeori, and Lai the wound dressed. A. portion of the
finger has since required amputation. funfrie,r
Courier.
Lord John hay is about to retire from the Ad-
tally, ally, and Captain Houston Stewart, R.N., Cotnr_
troller-Gcteral of the Coast-guard, will succeed him.—
Times.

HEALTH OF .LO2.i'DON clurirg the WEEK.
(From. tug Rogistree-General's Returr.) ,
In the weak ending last Seturday, the deeths re-
: gistered in the Instropolitan itistrieta were 1 034, and
exhibit a decrease or 122 on those ef the previous
. week. A comparison of the same weeks of former
years shows that the mortality has not been so low
as at the present tine since 1846 ; in the early part
of the sears 1847-9 the deaths ranged weekly
from 1,200 to about 1,450. The average of corre-
sponding week; in ten previous years (1840-9) is
1,089, or, if a correction is made for ieereese of pepu-
',Aloe, 1,183, compared with which the present re-
turn shows a decrease of 49 deaths. The deaths from
consumption were 128, or rathtr less than the,
average. Amongst other fetal diseases, bronchitis
is now predominant, and last week carried off
121 persons, a number which, though less
than in the weds b. fere, exceeds by 51 the
corrected aver age of ten corresp coding weeks of
former y are. It is worthy of mina, k that this com-
plaint, which has exceediegle inert used during the
last six years, has, since '1844, predate d at this see-
son st weekly mortality more than fourfold its former
amount. Plictimorlia was fetal to only 78 pereuns
lest week (..t great majority of whom were children),
whilst the corrected aver ge i f ten corresponding
wet ks is 109; this disease, though it has fluctuated in
its weekly numbers from 64. to 156, has nut shown
the same disposition as bronchitis to increase during
later years. Toe deaths of 7 nonagenarian: were
registered last week ; cf these, a woman at the age
of 96 years, and a man at 99. The deaths of 105
persons were registered in workhouses ; 57 in hospi-
tals ; and 13 in the two royal hospitals, amongst
whom were 7 pensioners at Greenwich, who die:l be-
' taeen the 18th and 24th of January, at various
ages, from 37 to 84. The mortality from epidemics
continues to be comparatively low, though measles
and diarrhwa (from the former there having been 28
deaths, and from the latter 14), are about the ave-
rage; 11 children died of croup.
The mean dairy reading of the barometer -at Green-
wich was above 30 in. on the first five days of the
week; the mean of the week was 30.050. The mean
daily temperature rose from 29 deg. on Sunday to
45 deg. on Friday; the mean of the week was 35.5
deg.; which is rather less than the average cf. the
same week in seven years. The mean temperature
was 9 deg. below the average of the same day, on
Monday ; on Friday it was 8 deg. above it.
The following cases are selected from the Regis-
trar's report :
In . .
Kensington (town), Jenning's-buildings, the
wife of a hawker, fifty years of age, died of" chronic
bronchitis." Mr. Gorham describes these buildings
as dose and dirty, and the house overcrowded.
In Hanover-square (sub-district), the master of a
wardrobe shop, fifty years, died of " cynanche ton-
sillaris (ten weeks), typhus (two weeks)." Mr. Jay_
reports that the house (42, Gilbert-street) where the
death occurred is neither well ventilated nor cleansed,
and that the soil of the closet overflows the area fre-
quently, causing an offensive smell.
In Berwick-street (sub-district), the daughter of
a tailor, 17 days, died of "pneumonia" (2 days' ill-
ness). Mr. Walker states that the house, 31, Poland-
street, where the death occurred, is close and un-
healthy.
In Camden-town (sub-district), at Cambridge -
crescent, Agar-town, the son i f a " navigator," 1
year, died of hooping-cough (3 weeks), inflammation
of the lungs." Mr. Holl describes it as "a wretched
and unhealthy locality, with houses of two rooms,
which are damp and unfit for habitation, and occupied
by very poor persons."
• 'ln St. Clement Danes a tailor of 37' years died of
" phthisis (6 months), bronchitis (4 weeks)," in
King's College Hospital. He had been brought
from Feather's-court, Drury-line, which Mr. Jones
describes as "close, crowded, and badly drained."
Chapel-place, Clement's-lane, whence a cap maker,
who died of "bronchitis (2 months) pneumonia (5
days)," ' in the same hospital, was brought, is also
described as "the filthiest court in the metropolis."
Mr. Jones states that a house in Carey-street, where
a child died of bronchitis and hydrocephalus, " has
no back- windows and is exceedingly close."
EVAPORATION PROM THE THAMES.—A larger
Iquantity of matter is raised from the Thames by eva-
poration than is generally supposed. Upon Mr.
Glaisher's estimate, 678,505 gallons evaporate from
an acre of water in a year, which is at the rate of
1,857 6 gallons daily. Toe bed of the Thames in
London is estimated approximately at 2,245 acres ;
consequently 4,170,000 gallons are raised from the
Thames on an average daily throughout the year.
The quantity evaporated at low water is, perhap',
much less than this; on the other hand, the evapora-
tion in summer is more active than in winter ; arid
the proportion of decomposing orgatrin matter in the
water, and on the banks exposed to evaporation, is
greater at low than at high water. Upon the whole,
it is probable that in summer four million gallons, or
about 18,000 tons of water, are raised from the pol-
luted Thames daily and, discharged into the atmos-
phere which is breathed by the inhabitants of London.
It remains to determine how much of the organic
matter in-tie water is raised with the vapour to cjir-
ferent temperatures.
Mr. Glaisher was requested to make an estimate of
the amount of vapour raised by evaporation from the
Thamee, and has favoured the Registrar-General with
the subjoined statement :
" For same years past I have male daily experiments
upon the amount of water evapm a ed from a surface of
water, and the amount excseds 30 inches annually.
" A depth i f wafer cf fully 30 inches must evaporate
from the surface i f the Thames annually; indeed the
quantity must be larger than this from the circumstance
of its relative high night temperature. Take it, how-
eier, at 30 inches, and we shall have— •
2•5 tot 9 x 480=408900 cubic feet evaporated in a
. 108900 year from au area of water
of ore) acre.
—=678505 gallons of water evaporated in
0.1605 one yeti. from an acre of
water.
108900>s 2245=244480500 cubic fett of water evapo-
rated from a surface of
2245 acres 'of water in
one year. - -
=152342991 gallons of water evaporat-
-0.1605 • ed in one year from e sur-
face of' water of 2,245 acres in extent, or more than 1,523
millions of gallons. Tho salt water affects the water
at Woolwich : it •is usually what is termed brackish
there. Lieutenant Sanders states that at Greenwich,
at high-meter spring tides, the waver is frequently
brackish.
" The dirt and filth in solution must be very large.
The ' Dreadnought' experiments are made under my
direction chit fly, and I can assure you that to read the
instruments is a serious affair, owing to the filth of the
waters; on first pulling them up they are covered with
a slimy adhesive mud; they first have to be wiped, and
if the wind is blowing strongly, Allis muddy water is
blown about and over the observer. A new trunk is
now being made with a perforated copper-bottom turn-
ing downwards upon hinges, so as to get rid of the
enormous deposit "