The Sun.
London, England, 1850-05-08 00:00:00

THE SUN,

LONDON,

WEDNESDAY EVENING,

MAY B, 1850,

the wretched conditien;of the people in that country, and
the unfortunate position of the landlords, showed that, so
far the Irish were concerned, free trade
had had a sufficient trial. And, what then
was the means by which they sought to ameliorate the
condition of the agricultural population ? A return to a
system of protection—(Cheers)—and it was only by
"cemhination nod by energetic and unceasing exertions
that they would be enabled to attain that end. For his
own part he was ready to subscribe his hundred or his
thousand pounds, if necessary, in support of the cause.
The Hon. Gentleman, after delivering a tirade against
the free-trade party and Sir Robert Peel, concluded by
proposing the resolution.
Mr. COULER, from Nottingham, in seconding the
resolution, stated that the wages of labourers in his part
of the country had been reduced from 12s. to 10s., and
in some instances to 95.; but this was not all, for, in
consequence of piece work being done away with, the
average reduction in their wages was about 4s. a
week. In Leicestershire, where there were not
many labourers, the farmers bad been impo-
verished. He, of course, expected to find perfection
on the estates of Steßebert Peel—(lEB:4es and groans)—
he expected to find the labourers on his Kingsbury estate,
close to Drayton Manor, well housed and well fed,
but instead of that he found that steps had been taken
to depopulate the parish of the labouring popu-
lation. (Loud laughter.) He was astonished
that the Times' Commissioner had not been
there.—(Laughter.) But that was not the worst of the
matter, for he found that on Sir Robert Peel's estates
the Irish had superseded the English labourer—(Hisses)
—because they worked for less wages, and put up
with accommodation in outhouses. So there was a
system going on on that gentleman's estate to reduce
the English labourers to the condition of the Irish labou-
rers. But he would go to another lion's deo. He alluded
to Mr. Villiers, M.P., who, it would be recollected, said
at the beginning of the session that ninety-one millions
had been saved to the country by the reduction in the
price of the necessities of life. Now he found that at
Wolverhampton the poor-rates in 1842 had not amounted
to half the sum which they had reached in 1850; so it
was pretty clear that the constituents of that gentle.
man did not obtain much advantage by that saving.—
(Cheers.) The fact was that free trade measures had
resulted in benefit to one class alone. Great agitation
existed among the labouring population connected with
the cultivation of the soil; they might prevent any dis-
turbance breaking out before harvest, but was it not
likely that they would combine and determinedly assert
their rights?—(Cheers.) The farmers were determined
to do their utmost to obtain redress; they would
mount their horses for the purpose, if neces-
sary, and if the landlords would stick to them
they would stick to the landlords.—(Loud cheers.) He
always regarded rent as a private bargain between in-
dividuals, and he would not find fault with his
landlord or landlords generally, because he thought
they were the best friends of the people;
but ho thought they left too much to the farmers in the
present period of difficulty.—(Cheers.) Sir Robert Peel
—(Groans)—had said that the food of the labourer
ought not to be taxed, but ho found that there were
taxes on cheese, coffee, butter, and' a dozen other articles
of food, which realised as much as 13,000,0001.; and
taking the duty on tobacco, which was chiefly
consumed by the working classes, they bad
bad a round sum of 18,000,0001, or one-third of the
revenue of the country. The duty on malt was another
unjust imposition on the agricultural interest. He next
alluded to the Exhibition of 1851, which ho said would
prove to be a failure, and would ba very injurious to the
country by taking money out of it; because, if foreigners
brought articles of production from distant parts of the
world, it was not likely they would take them back again.
Ho did not know how Lord Stanley, who was one of
the tsommissioeers for that exhibition, would come out
cf it unscathed, though he must confess he had great
confidence in him.—(Cheers.) He concluded by ob-
serving that if some alterations were not made in our
present policy, it would be Perfectly impossible to pre-
serve the peace of the country.—(Cheers.)
The resolution was then put and carried by accla-
mation.
Mr. BALL, of Burwell, Cambridgeshire, proposed the
nest resolution :—" Th at the indifference with which
the just compleints of the people have been received by
the douse ot Commons, its disinclination to adopt any
measures for removing or alleviating the existing dis-
tress, and the want of sympathy which it exhibited to
the sufferings of the people, have produced a widely-
diffased feeling of disappointment, discontent, and dis-
trust, which is fast undermining their reliance on the
justice and wisdom of Parliament, which is the best
security for the loyalty to the Throne, and the,
maintenance of theinvaluable institutions of the country."
He observed they had not fallen in consequence of the
speeches of Cobden, the influence of the League, or the
treachery of a Peel, but because the aristocracy and
landlords who are .all-powerful, and had the unanimous
voice of the oountry in their favour, had sacrificed them
to the discordant principles of demagogues and traitors,
instead of upholding. as they ought to have done, the
yeomanry ot England.—(Cheers.)
Mr. JOHN .ALLIN WILLIAMS, farmer, from Wilts,
seconded the resolution, and said he had been deputed to
attend on behalf of that county to protest against the
treatment of her Majesty's Ministers to the agricultural
interest, because if the present system of free trade
sere not remedied inevitable ruin would come upon
all the teuant-farniers and occupiers of land in
the kingdom.—(Cheers.) After alluding to the results
of his own experience as to free trade, he urged on the
farmers the necessity of strong and united exertions with
the view of obtaining redress, quoting, amidst loud
cheers, the words of Milton—
" Awake, arise, or be for ever fallen."
The resolution having been carried,
Professor AYTOUN, of Edinburgh, who was stated to
be the writer of the Protectionist articles in Blackwood's
Magazine, proposed the next resolution:—" That this
meeting attributes the depression and distress of the
agricultural, colonial, shipping, and other interests to the
rash and impolitic changes in the laws which had long
regulated the importation of foreign productions; tha
it is of opinion that those laws were based on the !no&

just principles and dictated by the soundest policy; that,
under their salutary influence, the British nation had
attained an unexampled state of prosperity and a proud
pre-eminence in the scale of nations; and that if their
objects and spirit in fostering and protecting native in-
dustry be finally abandoned, many of the most important
interests of the state will be sacrificed, and the national
prosperity and greatness be ruinously impaired."
The resolution was seconded by Sir MATTHEW WHITE
RIDLEY, Bart., and passed nem. cos.

Mr. J. ALNATT, of Wallingford, Berkshire, next pro-
posed—,, That no relief from general or local taxation,
which is consistent with the maintenance of national
faith and the efficiency of public establishments, can
enable the British and colonial producer to maintain a
successful competition with foreign productions, and
that the only hope of replacing the agricultural and
other British interests, in a state of prosperity, .rests on
the re-establishment of a just system of import duties."
Mr. Ihrcu WATiON briefly seconded the motion,
which, like the last, was carried unanimously.
It was then agreed, on the motion of Mr. GEORGE
BODINGTO/f, of Sutton Coldfleld, Warwickshire, se-
conded by HENRY HIGGINS, Esq., of Herefordshire—
" That a memorial to the Right llon. the First Lord of
the Treasury bo prepared, founded on the foregoing re-
solutions, prote)ting in the strongest manner against the
continuance of the present system of miscalled free
trade,' and solemnly casting on Use Administration, of
which his Lordship is the head, the heavy responsibility
of rejecting the appeals of the people for the abandon-
ment of that system; and that a deputation be appointed
for the purpose of presenting the same to his Lordship,
and of representing to him the present critical and
alarming position of many districts of the country."
Mr. WM. CALDECOTT of Frating Lodge, near Colches-
ter, Essex, then proposed--" That the members of the
various delegations from all parts of the United Kingdom
now present cannot separate without recording their
deep sense of the invaluable services rendered to the
cause of protection by the Noble President, the respected
chairman of the acting committee, and the other mem•
bers of the committee of the National Association, in
whom the whole agricultural community repose the most
deserved and unbounded confidence; and they earnestly
recommend to their fellow-countrymen, who desire the
restoration of protection, as the leading principle of legis-
lative policy, to support the association; and, whatever
differences of opinion may prevail on minor points,
unitelly to follow its energetic but prudent guidance, in
the groat struggle in which they are engagei. '
The resolution was seconded by Mr. W. BIGDEN, of
Haverfordwest, and passed '-
And after a vote of thanks to the Noble Duke for his
conduct in the chair, the meeti ne separated.

vessels. The tribes on the banks of the Senegal,
alarmed at the chastisement which had been inflicted
on one of their fellow tribes, made their sti`emission,
and engaged to pay an indemnity to the victims of
the exactions and pillaging which had been com-
mitted for a certain number of years. In order to
give complete security to our commerce, the Governor
of Senegal has considered it his duty to seek to put
an end to a civil war which divided one of the most
considerable tribes on the banks of the river—the
Bracknas. In his idea, the re-establishment of a
single responsible and recognised authority would be
a means of securing from that tribe respect for
the treaty which they had concluded with us,
and of guaranteeing the property of our merchants.
He therefore went in person, at the head of a military
force, to the territory of the Bracknas. Teking ad-
vantage of the absence of the Governor, the chief of
another not less important tribe, the Trarzas, attacked
the establishments formed by the colonists in the
neighbourhood of Saint Louis, and devastated and pil-
lagad them. Several murders were, it is said, com-
mitted by the assailants. This unexpected act of ag-
gression brought back the Governor in great haste to
St. Louis. On his return, the Trarzas had disap-
peared with their booty. M. Baudin was obliged to
leave again soon after to seek the troops, who were
engaged in another expedition in Upper Senegal. It
is not known whether the Trarzas will confine them•
selves to the outrage they have already commitled,
but in any case they will have to be called to account,
and reparation obtained from them. It iA to be hoped
that this unfortunate event will not long interrupt the
trade on the river."

ITALY.
•
The Pope, the restored of the defenders of the
rights of property, has ordered the confiscation of the
property of the whole of the deputies to the Roman
Constituent Assembly. His Holiness has, it appears,
no other means of getting money, for bis notable
scheme of maintaining the Roman funds at a fictitious
price, but by prohibiting any broker from selling
under 96, has completely failed. The excellent car-
dinals flattered themselves that by this notable scheme
they would deceive the Rothschilds, who, of course,
at once saw through the trick, and refused to have any
thing further to do with the Roman loan.
Monsignor Franzoni, Archbishop of Turin, has
addressed the following letter to the examining judge
who has summoned him to appear before him :
"Signore,—After receiving the summons to appear this
day before you, I seriously considered whether I could
apply to myself the rules I presented to my clergy in the
circular of the 18th inst., in which I had declared that
they would bo free from reproach in obeying the
summons, and answering the interrogatories addressed to
them. I have remarked, however, that not only in con-
formity with the Council of Trent (24th sitting, chap. 5)
bishops exclusively depend from the Holy See in crimi-
nal cases, but also that, in the circular of the Holy Con-
gregation of immunity obtained by his Majesty on the
14th of June, 1823, in which it is laid down that
ecclesiastics summoned to depose before courts of
justice aro bound to present themselves, it is neverthe-
less expressly declared that when it shall be indispensa-
ble to interrogate an archbishop or a bishop, he shall
not, out of respect to his dignity, be summoned before
the place of judgment, but that hisj Holiness reserves to
himself the authorization for that purpose, and requires
a special permission to bo applied for each time.
You, therefore, see that in the face of such clear
and formal enactments, I am in the absolute impossi-
bility of obeying your summons. Consequently,
while professing the greatest submission to the laws of
the Government in whatever is not contrary to con-
science, finding myself exactly in the case specified, I
beg to be allowed the necessary time to apply to the
Holy See for the authorization, this being indispensable;
and when I shall have obtained it, I shall consider it an
imperious duty to obey the prescriptions of the law.
While waiting fur the notice to write immediately to
Home, I um, &c.,

" P.< Louis, Archbishop of Turin."
Lieutenant-General Alberto della iNlarmora,
tary Commandant o? the island of Sardinia, has
addressed an order of the day, dated Cagliari, 19th
ult., to the troops under his command, stating that
he has been informed that some refugees, who have
been received with hospitality in the island, have
spread infamous insinuations against the King and
his Government, and tried to persuade the soldiers
that there had been several acts of treachery in
the two last campaigns—thus attempting to sow dis-
cord 'among the ranks of the army, and to endanger
its discipline. In consequence of such criminal at-
tempts, the Commandant thinks it his duty to declare
to the army that all these alleged acts of treachery
are infamous inventions, propagated by the very men
who imposed General Itamorino upon the Go-
vernment.

A new Ministerial journal is to appear at Florence
under the title of Il Conservators Giornale ICon-
stituzionale, it being intended thus to let the Tuscans
know that the Constitution is to be maintained.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE.
(From the London New Price Current, May 7.)
SITGAR.-To-day the rates taken for West India
Sugar were 6d per cwt under those of Friday; there was
in consequence a good business concluded, but chiefly
for grocery purposes. The quantity sold amounted to
740 hhds, etc, including 238 hhds 33 tres 89 barrels Bar-
badoes at public sale, which went at from 34s 6d to 40s,
one lot very fine 41s ed ; 28 tres 90 barrels crystalized
Demerara, greyish white 42s 6d to 445 6d, and yellow
ditto 37s to 41s 6d per cwt.
REFINED.-To-day only limited purchases were made
in Refined goods by home dealers, still brown Lumps
were not to be obtained under 48s per cwt. The market
for Bonded Crushed Sugar is quiet, but there is no fur-
ther reduction.
MAURITIUS.-This afternoon a fall of 6d per cwt took
place at the public sales of 5,900 bags Mauritius, still all
sold, fine yellow at 38s to 395, other sorts 343 to 37s 6d,
ord to fine brown 303 to 338 6d, grey 33s to 38s, and
low grainy yellow 35s 6d to 36s per cwt.
EAST INDIA.-This afternoon biddings were languid
at the public sales of 4,400 bags Bengal, and prices gave
way 6d for brown soft yellow, but other kinds realised
steady rates; white Benares went at from 35s 6d to 39s
6d, soft yellow 34s to 36e 6d, date 31s to 33s 6d, brown
28s to 30s, grainy white, fine 48s, yellow 42s to 435, and
ord 36s 6d per cwt.
FOREIGN.-By private treaty operations are confined
to 1,000 chests low yellow Haeannah at 38s, 209 chests
brown Bahia 365, and damaged 34s per cwt. At
auction 340 hhds Cuba Muscovado were taken in at
35s to 38s; 3,240 bags 370 bkts Java 37s to 42s Gd;
a few damaged lots, however, sold at 33s 6d to
35s 6d for yellow, and mid grey 41s per cwt. Previous
terms are required for bonded parcels, still operations
have not much exceeded those of the previous week,
and are confined to three cargoes white Bahia for the
Mediterranean at 23s 9d to 245. 600 chests yellow
Havannah 19s per cwt.
MOLASSES.-The amount of business concluded in
West India has been small at from 13s Gd to 17s for low
to fine, still lower rates are not likely to prevail. East
India is dull of sale at 128 to 13s per cwt. To-day at
public sale 80 hhds Bengal Molasses were taken in at
135 per cwt.
COFFEE.- To-Jay there were not sellers of good ord
Native Ceylon on the spot under 403 tier cwt., but few
inquiries prevailed. A public sale of 176 casks 242 bags
Plantation went off quietly at barely former rates, and
not above half sold; fine at 69s 6d, good mid and good
54s to 58s, and 50a to 535, fine fine ord and low mid 464
to 48s 6d, good to fine ord 41s to 455. Mocha is not
much wanted, and 31 bales 26 half bales went at easier
rates; good at 66s 6d, mid 54s to 56s 6d, and common
51s per cwt.
COCOA.-Holders of West India have more con-
fidence, and have offered none at public sale, but a fair
business has been concluded by private treaty, and
former terms are well supported: we quote red at 39e to
465, and grey at 36s to 40s Far cwt. In Foreign holders
do not appear disposed to press sales, and require 27s to
29s per cwt.
TEA.-Holders of Black have been more disposed to
realise, and submitted to rather lower rates, whilst the
parcels on offer are larger than for some time past. In
ord and good common Congou many purchases
have been made at Bid to 9d, and medium
9ii to is ld ; in other eorts, however, operations
are limited at is 11,d to is 3d, and fine is 4d,
to is Bd. Fine Green is not offered at any further
decline, still town and country buyers have operated
with caution ; there are sellers of inferior at a slight
reduction, and few buyers are to he found. Scented
Teas are less required, and a fill is apparent, as in-
creased parcels are on offer.
SPICES.-At auction 50 cases of Cloves changed
hands; good and fine bold bright at is 3d to is 4d,
mid is id to is 2d, and ord dark Ild to is Id per lb;
140 bags Bourbon were taken in at 7d for middling,
being above the value. Holders of Mace have been
obliged to accept prices 3d per pound under former
demands ; but 50 packages at auction nearly
all sold, fine and good mid 2s to 2s 3d, ord and good ord
Is 7d to is 11d, very ord Is 4d tO is 6d, Bastard kind
9d, damaged and wormy lid to 2s 3d. There is no
variation in prices of better sorts of Nutmeg; but
a fall has taken place of ld to 2d for inferior.
The public sales have comprised 350 packages ; fine
brown went at 3s 10d to 4s, good 33 to 3s 4d,
mid and good mid 2s 6d to 2s I Id, inferior 2s 2d to
2s sd, out of condition 2s to 2e I Id, shrivelled is 4d to
is 10d, and wormy 6d to 103. Of preserved Nutmegs
30 cases sold at 10d to 101 d. There are still free
sellers of Black Pepper, and the rates accepted
aro under those current previously. Rather
more than half of 2,600 bags Pena at auc-
tion sold at 211 to 24d for ord and raid light ng
dusty grey
and brown, and at 2d to 2d-r1 for damaged. 1,202 bags
Malabar all found buyers; heavy at 34r1 to 3d, and da-
maged 3-!el per lb. White Pepper at
auction 56 bags
all sold at 6d to 7d for good bold, 1 for mid, and
damaged at 50 to 6111 Of Cayenne 24 cases went
at lOti to 11d, and damaged 5d to Bd. Ginger met
with little attention, and prices keep on the decline.
At auction 11 packages were sold at 85s to 94s for
mid Jamaica, 437 bags export Bengal were taken in at
18s for mid dark rough, and damaged 17s; 66 bags cul-
tivated, very wormy 20s, but 146 bags African sold ut
P `)Bs 6d to 35.4 for damaged. Pimento is dull of sale, and
prices continue to recede. Cassia Dgnea met with little
attention by private treaty, and there has been no public
sale. Previous rates are supported, and rule at 75s to
86s per cwt. To-day another decline took pli ce tl e
value of Pimento, the whole of 343 bags at public sale
finding buyers at 4k I to 42d, and one lot Sad per lb.
RICE.-I'o-dfly at public sale 432 bags Bengal Rice
sold about the former value, ord and mid white 88 to 86