The Sun.
London, England, 1850-06-07 00:00:00

ITALY-.

D

On the 26th ult., the POPE consecrated Cardinal
VANNICELLI-CASONI, already named Bishop of FER-
RARA, and several other prelates who had been
named to vacant sees. The ceremony took place in
the Sistine Chapel. On this occasion, Cardinal AN-
TONELLI received the visits of the consecrated bishop,
and of .M. DB RAYNEVAL, General GEMEAU, and M.
DE RAVESTEIN. Charge d'Affaires of the King of the
BELGIANS.

By a special brief the POPE has named M. MI.
CARD, late secretary to Cardinal DUPONT during
his mission, a commander of the Order of St. Gre-
gory.

FIRE AND Loss or LlFE.—Last night a fire broke
cut in a lodging-house in Crown-street. Soho, which has
been attenecd with loss of the life of a female named
M'Honey. The deceased had gone to bed, and, it is sup-
posed, left a candle burning by the bed-side. On the alarm
being given, Engineer Uirard, from the Crown-street bri-
gade station, instantly reached the spot with two engines.
He found the deceased in her room, burnt in a most shocking
ma,,ner, and her night clothes and bedding utterly de-
stroyed. The fire was soon extinguished, with considerable
loss to the poor inmates, and the deceased was conveyed to
the Middlesex Hospital, where she died at an early hour
this morning. It is almost needless to add that none of the
poor inmates were insured.
ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.—Among the
many uses to which the establishment of such institutions as
the Polytechnic is applied for the benefit of the public may
be ranked the opportunity for leading the taste of the unini-
tiated in art ; and although it cannot certainly be eulogised
generally for its display of the fine arts, still, on sauntering
over its galleries, the eye frequently comes in contact with
those specimens which do credit to the artists. We are very
happy to observe that the engravers and publishers of the
best specimens send them for exhibition here, and the beau-
ful print of Edwin Landseer, " Waiting for the Countess,"
and engraved by Wass, together with Hering's " Pharoah's
Horses," engraved also by Mr. Wass, cannot fail to gratify
all who appreciate the beautiful manipulation of that gen-
tleman.
Affectation cannot excite sympathy. How can you
feel for him who cannot feel for himself? How can he feel
for himself who exhibits the artificial graces of studied atti-
tude.—Eliza cook's Journal.
ROYAL SOCIETT.—The annual general meeting for
the election of fellows, was held yesterday; the Earl of
Bosse, president, in the chair. His Lordship informed the
meeting that the council had carefully considered the Go-
vernment grant of 1,0001. annually for the promotion of
scientific research, and would recommend its award accord-
ingly; also that, in conformity with the representation of
the council, a grant would be made by Government to enable
the Board of Ordnance to publish the scientific portion of the
Ordnance survey ; and lastly, that they concur in the recom-
mendation of the British Association, made last year, for
tor
erosaTndah,
nhetnahodeu nlfstatuesrelative,acoletldeesntohofantth,
otohuseet
the establishment.
of a large reflecting telescope at the Ob-
servatory a t the Cape of Goodietn
sgi .ecirboueeplteeae::
adna dtheat:h:
otpofr
ettslseivene
ten lltevyc,e-trsieoe
vnc
eoonufnctaend fellowsd,
following gentlemen :—Mr. William Henry Barlow, Mr.
George Busk, Mr. Thomas Blizard Curling, Mr. George Ed-
ward Day, M.D., Mr. Warren De la Rue, Mr. William Fair-
bairn, Mr. Robert James Graves, M.D., Mr.: Devett Landen
Boscawen Ibbetson, Mr. Charles Handfield Jones, M.B , Mr.
James P. Joule, Mr. John Fletcher Miller, Major Henry
Creswicke Rawlinson, Mr. Edward Schnuck, Mr. Daniel
Sharpe, Mr. John Tomes.

THE CROPS.—A gentleman connected with our es-
tablishment has just returned from a tour in this and the
neighbouring counties of Limerick and Kerry. The breadth
of potatoes sown is, on average, as large as that for the last
ten years. The crop looks right well. The late rains have
been highly serviceable to the other crops, and everything
promises abundantly for the coming harvest.—Corlz Ex-
aminer.
EXHIBITION OF 1851.—MODELS OF THE MEDAL!.
—We understand that nearly 100 designs for the medals
have been sent to the Royal Commission in competition, and
that they will he forthwith arranged for public exhibition in
the rooms of the Society of Arts, .Adelpld, by Mr. Wyon,
RA. and Mr. Hawkins, keeper of the antiquities at the Bri-
tish 'Museum, to whom the Royal Commis ion has confided
the duty of the arrangement.
The following anecdote was told with great glee at
a dinner by William IV., then Duke of Clarence. "I was
riding in the Park the other day, on the road between Ted-
cling-ton and Hampton-wick, when I was overtaken by a
butcher's boy on horseback; with a tray of meat under 11i
boy,
arm. Nice pony that of yours, old gentleman,' said he.s
'Pretty fair,' was my reply. 'Mine's a good un' too,' re-
joined he, and I'll trot you to Hampton_
wick for a ot o'
stuckhissingledeclinedspurhishorse'smatch,
exclaimed
with a
look of contempt, I thought you mere only u muff

FARADAY'S LEC-

TURES ON DOMESTIC CHEMISTRY.

On Saturday, Professor Faraday concluded his
course of lectures at the Royal Institution. Com-
bustion, in its various modes, having formed the sub-
ject of the preceding lectures, the course was very ap-
propriately wound up by the consideration of "ashes."
The ashes which remain after all the combustible
parts of the fuel are consumed, may generally be
found in the fuel before it is burned, but other
parts of the ashes are the actual product of combus-
tion, and not the refuse. Various specimens were
exhibited of the ashes of different combustibles.
The professor entered at considerable length into
the history of ashes, for the purpose of showing what
becomes'of the clearings out of dust-holes, and the
many uses to which they are applied. After the sepa-
ration cf old pieces of metal, bones, skins, and other
heterogenous substances, each of which has its sepa-
rate value, the actual ash that remains is employed
for manure, and the making of bricks. The value of
this material varies considerably according to the de-
mand for brick-making, for which purpose it is pe-
culiarly adapted, and when the demand is great, a
dust contractor Will obtain as much as 203. per cha?-
dron for the sifted refuse ; at other times the price
falls as low as ls. the chaldron. The ashes of most
plants consist principally of silica ; it serves to
support them and to give the stalks and leaves
their necessary strength. The amount of silica con-
tained in wheat straw is equal to 67.90 parts in
every one hundred; while the quantity in the grain
itselt is only 1.18. The silica in the straw may be
made apparent by .being converted into glass by
combustion, as Prefessor Faraday exhibited by burn-
ing a straw in the flame of a spirit-lamp, and produc-
ing as the result a small globule of glass. The
proportion of silica differs considerably in various
classes of Omits. Rushes contain less than wheat straw,
while canes, on the contrary, abound in it so much
that the inside of a bamboo cane frequently contains
considerable accretions of that substance in a pure
state. It is to ashes that we are indebted for some
extremely valuable products of nature. The vege-
table alkali (putass) for example, is derived from the
combustion of plants, and the Professor illustrated
the production of the vegetable alkali by rubbing
the ashes of wood and straw over moistened turmeric
paper, which exhibited a dark brown mark, indicat-
ing the presence of an alkali. By treating the ashes
of sea-weed in the same way a similar effect was pro-
duced, the alkali formed in this instance being soda.
These alkalies, it is well known, were discovered
by Sir Humphrey Davy to be oxides of metallic
bases, possessing many properties alike ; the peculiar
characteristics of the two being that they inflame on
comihg into contact with water: Potassium being
the lighter, floats and burns on the surface of *ater,
sodium sinks to the bottom, and as it rapidly absorbs
the oxygen of the water the hydrogen is liberated,
and may be burned by the application of a taper, as
the bubbles rise to the surface. Potass and soda may
indeed be regarded as merely the ashes formed by the
combustion of their metallic bases, which have too
great an affinity for oxygen to be preserved uncon..
sumed in nature. That very peculiar substance,
iodine, was first discovered among the ashes cf sea-
weed, us explained by Professor Faraday, who per-
formed many experiments to illustrate its remarkable
properties. He pointed out numerous other in..
stunces of the importance of ashes, which, though
usually considered mere useless refuse, serve
many valuable purposes. Even glass may be
considered as formed entirely of ashes. Among
other substances which are the refuse of com-
bustion—therefore, "ashes "—he mentioned the
vast masses of volcanic lava and meteoric stones.
In conclusion, he remarked on the difficulty of find-
ing new subjects for illustration in a course of lectures ,
and he had feared that his audience would have been
disappointed with the little of novelty which he had
been able to bring before them. Though the sources
of novelty in science Seemed to be nearly exhausted,
he was happy to find, from the attendance with which
they had honoured him, that the sources of their
favour were not yet dried up.

Tns CITY ARCHITECT.—A high compliment was
paid to this gentleman on Wednesday last by the presenta-
tion of a valuable piece of plate, weighing 222 ounces of silver,
for services which are sufficiently indicated by the inscrip-
tion :—" Presented to J. B. Bunning, Esq., by the coal-factors
and merchants of the city of London, es a testimonial of
their admiration of his genius and judgment in the erection
of the Coal Exchange, and of his urbanity throughout the
progress of a structure which is not more approved of by
those for whose use and convenience it was designed than by
the public at large, for its taste and elegance as a work of
art. Anno Domini MDCCCL." The plate was presented
by Mr. Harrie, as the organ of the coal-factors, with an
appropriate speech. In addition to this pleasing compliment
to Mr. Bunning the coal-factors and merchants have signed
a declaration for presentation to the corporation of the City
of their satisfaction with all the accommodations provided
for them by means of the New Coal Exchange, which they
attribute to a union of talent on the part of the architect,
which has enabled him to produce an edifice, which, whilst
it embodies all the requirements of the coal-factors and mer-
chants as men of business, is, at the same time, in design,
taste, and judgment, the admiration of the numerous stran-
gers who daily visit it as one of the chief objects of interest
and of art in the city of London.

ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.—At the monthly
general meeting held yesterday at the society's house in
Ilanover-square, Mr. E. J. Budge in the chair, Mr. W. IL
1:{1 entyrnan, Dr. George Fripp, and Mr. Edward Lomax,
were elected as Fellows, and Miss Bertrand, Mr. A. N.
Arniini, Mr. W. Page Wood, M.P., Mr. Richard Blake.
more, Mr. James Taylor, Mr. John Thrupp, and Mr.
J. P. Stocker, proposed tor election at the next meeting.
The report of the council stated that the visitors to the
gardens in the month of May amounted to 39,977, being
n increase of 21,658 over the correspondlug month f 1849.
The visitors from the Ist to the sth of June amounted to

ROYAL ASYLUM OF ST. ANN'S SOCIETF.--The
anniversary festival of this long-established charity was held
un Wednesday evening at the London Tavern, and was very
well attended. Viscount Fielding occupied the chair, and
the proceedings were of the usual character on similar occa-
sions. The children of the asylum, including 180 boys and
107 girls, were introduced into the dining. hall during the
evening, and their cleanly and healthy appearance excited
general approbation. The Noble Chairman made i strong
appeal to the benevolence of the company on behalf of the
charity, and the secretary, Mr. Leeks, was able in conse-
quence to announce a list of subscriptions ameunting alto-
gether to 1,5631. Over the festivities of the evening Mr.
Barker presided as toastmaster. All the arrangements cos-
fleeted with the dinner wero in the usual excellent style of
the London Tavern.

MANCHESTER TRADE REPORT, JUNE 6.—Busi-
ness to-day has been comparatively at a standstill. In the
yarn market prices at least 1/sd. over those of last week are
demanded ; holders are firm, and hence little business ha
been transacted. Twists, mule and water, partake of the
advance. In the goods maiket little has been done. It. is
said, however, that 40-inch shirtings for the Indian market
are likely to be in demand. Madapollams and T cloths are
very quiet. Skirtings are in demand, and stocks generally
are light.
'fur IRON TRADE.—Trade in the South Stafford-
shire district continues as dormant as it has been for several
months past, with little or ro prospect of improvement. The
lire-brick trade is also very much depressed, owing in a great
measure to the bad state of the iron trade. Many nail-
makers are perambulatinr, the streets and neighbourhood of
Dudley, Stourbridge, and Netherton, in consequence of the
strike to keep up the wages. It appears, from a list of the
money-paying and tommy-shop masters and factors in the
nail trade in the neighbourhood of Dudley, that out of the
eighty-eight nail masters and factors, fifty-eight are tommy
or truck-dealers, and thirty only pay their workmen in cash,
Worcester Chronicle.
- -

Tatheprtersaendte, oesfpelteleacilldyiticahthise
an article for some time
The stampers and other
ci
con-
siderednomaT.mmi oohnas tsdf
ael
siolcurbriitpsi NEEDLE:I iolniTt coßtofoAngdptohi
goods
-stn—o; n
classes of workpeople have, we hear, demanded and obtained
a very considerable advance in their prices. At Alcester,
where these artisans chiefly reside, it is with the greatest
difficulty, even with the promise of advanced prices, that
parties can be engaged to undertake a given amount of work,
where, twelve months ago, almost any quantity could have
been produced at a short notice. Many large orders have
been necessarily declined by the manufacturers at Red-
ditch, from inability to complete them in time.—Worcester
Chronicle.

DUBLIN, THURSDAY AI RNING.—Tho weather has
ueinglietr eineandoatperof mostst favourableO change. After some
sunshine,Beveninrongand
undergone
cool. Yesterday towards nightfall, girl a weather
becamerefreshing
shower of rain fell. Tllis, morni 's showery. Nothing
could be better timed for the husbgandmen than these alter-
nations from sunshine and heat to gentle moisture.
MARLifoRoUGn-STREET POLICE REPORT. —We
have received the following communication in reference to our
Marlborough-street Police report of Tuesday :—Mr. John
Singleton presents his compliments to the editorof The Evening
Syn, and will feel much obliged by his letting it appear with as
little delay as possible that be (Mr. Singleton) was not the
gentleman who appeared in no very pleasant position at
Ai arlborough-street on Tuesday. Mr. Singleton would have
written before, but only bad his attention called to the po -
lice report this morning.—hursday, 34, Great James-Street,
Bedford-row.
The atmosphere of moral sentiment is a region of
Ironad, Derby, there is
ogpraenndsetuorewvebriychwrreedtcuhcets all
hat material
has
rea s
ont h
e magnificence
doors
tobyes,uynei
.t
RAlOBShlbToYr.n—e- the garden
of
verse.- .Eliza Cook's Journal.
now in full bloom and in a good state
the flamed byblcemen description
M r F.
ll'V°i ill
l ilacniji LT
Allen,ußA L
tailor, C
U
a very fine tulip of
on one stem.—Derinisliile Chroniei with
four perfect blooms
e.

---WnuAT FROM VAN DIEMEN'S LAND.-A vessel
art ived from Launceston, Van Diemen's Land, has brought
358 quarters of wheat consigned, and also 287 quarters of
herasThaipsoisnaluorf.usually large supply of
distant distant colony, wheat to order,
cargo, the pro uc
from Van Diemen's Land, the importations from that place
generally being made in bags to a limited extent, and the
present large arrival in bulk from that quarter is, therefore,
of some interest and importance.
TUE QUEEN'S COLLEGE IN IRELAND.—The Free-
man's Journal says that the Roman Catholic Primate has
recently received a decisive letter from Rome, declaring that
Roman Catholic clergymen cannot hold office, in or other-
wise be instrumental in advancing the project of the Queen's
Colleges in Ireland, and that the Roman Catholic laity are
prohibited from sending their youth to those colleges for
education.
AGRICULTURAL "DISTRESS.I 9
--A.Stril.:lCg exempli-
fication of the terrible destitution to which the agricultural
class in this part of the kingdom is reduced was given in our
Commercial-Rooms on Wednesday morning. The reversion
or remainder in fee-simple (expectant upon the decease of a
lady now aged 70 years) in an estate of 119 acres, in the
parishes oflllailborough and West Alvington, Devon, was
sold by dir. Harril, after a spirited competition, for 3,0201.,
the reserved price being put at 1,5001. The value in fee was
Mercury.

PROFESSOR