The Sun.
London, England, 1868-09-07 00:00:00

BRIGII7'ON UNION.

Mr. 1). Richards, the medical officer of the
Brighton Union, applied lately for an increase of
salary ; and, at a meeting of the guardians on Aug.
18th, the following report was presented by the
Officers' Duties Committee. We give it in full, as
it contains in brief a very instructive outline of the
manner in which the duties of a workhouse medical
officer may be increased.
Your committee have had under consideration
the matter referred to them, and find that Mr.
Richards was appointed medical officer of the work-
house and industrial schools in March, 1861, the
salary assigned to him for his duties connected with
the workhouse being £lOO per annum, and for the
schools £7O per annum, all drugs and medical ap-
pliances being provided by the directors and guar-
dians. The grounds on which Mr. Richards solicits
an augmentation of his salary appear to be the great
increase in the average number of inmates of
the workhouse and schools, as well as in the
number of sick inmates attended daily by him,
and an increase of special duties, amongst which
may be enumerated-1. An outbreak of small-pox
in the year 1866, during which he attended about
150 patients at the workhouse, many of whom were
admitted to the wards, not as paupers, but with a
view to check the spread of the disease in the
localities where it originated. 2. An epidemic of
cholera also in the year 1866, when the wards were
thrown open to all persons attacked. At this
period Mr. Richards was constant in attendance,
day and night, and no special remuneration was
awarded to him for his services, as in the case
of the out-door medical officers. 3. The increase
in the number of insane and imbecile inmates of the
workhouse. At the date of Mr. Richards's appoint-
pointmcnt, the number of this class of inmates was
18 ; at the present time they amount to 32, and the
medical officer is required to make quarterly re-
turns to the Commissioners in Lunacy of all such
cases, with particulars of their mental condition
etc. 4. The workhouse medical officer is now called
upon to make half yearly reports to the Poor-law
Board of all cases attended by him in the infirmary,
.and of the general state and condition of the esta-
blishment. 5. Increase of duty in writing pre-
scription lists, the diet book, and the
weekly list of sick pers "MS under medi-
cal treatment, cte., which duty has now be-
come so heavy as to oblige the medical officer to pay
a person to assist him in his work. 6. The increase
in the number of serious cases in the infirmary and
midwifery cases, the latter being in many unions
and parishes considered extras, and paid for as such.
7. The supervision of the removal of the sick to the
new workhouse, and their re-classification in the
wards assigned to them. 8. The recent epidemics
of itch, whooping cough, and measles at the indus-
trial schools, involving the medical officer's attend-
anc3 every other day, instead of twice a week as at
ordinary times.
The report went on to state that the average
number of inmates of the workhouse, schools, and
infirmary had increased since the year 1863, by
upwards of 150 ; and also to state what was the
workhouse accommodation and amount of medical
officer's salary in about twenty metropolitan
and provincial parishes and unions, the amount
varying from £350 to £105; and concluded
thus --Your committee, after carefully con-
, sidering all the facts elicited during their inquiry,
and having regard to the amount of salary paid
to other workhouse medical officers, recom-
mend the board to augment Mr. Richards' salary
to the extent of £5O per annum, in the following
L proportions—viz., £lO for the workhouse and £lO
for the industrial schools, such augmentation to be
subject to the approval of the Poor-lax Board.

The recommendation of the committee was con-
firmed, several of the members expressing a high
opinion of the manner in which M. Richards per-
formed his duties. One gentleman (Nlr. Philips)
observed that, in his opinion, the supply of medi-
cines by the workhouse and not by the medical
officer was a great improvement. It was a bad
system for a parish medical officer to find medicines,
especially in a large parish like Brighton. The
Poor-law Board had insisted on great improvements
being effected in workhouse infirmaries throughout
the country, and Brighton must not lag behind.
We must not be too economival in a matter of
this kind. If it were possible to more quickly
alleviate pain by the use of expensive medi-
cines, then it was right and the duty of the
Board to furnish such medicines. He wished
to take the opportunity of suggesting that
the board should adopt a similar system with re-
gard to the out-door poor to that of the indoor poor,
namely, that they should furnish all medicines sup-
pliel to them.
We rejoice to find that liberality and justice
both to their medical officers and to the poor pre-
vail in the Brighton Board of Guardians; and we
' would point out their conduct as an example worthy
of being followed.—British Medical Journal.

The Standard makes great mistakes in decypher-
ing the letters of its American correspondent. Names and
places "come to grief," and we presum,3 it is such a
mistake by which the New York Nation is made
to write an article supposed to be inspired by W. tr.
Nagle in favour of Warren and Costello. The idea
of the Nation being inspired by a Fenian will scarcely
be received with satisfaction at 3, Park-place, New York.
As we read what the correspondent asserted to be an
extract from the Nation with some surprise, wo turned to
the last and some preceding copies of that paper without
discovering a word of the extract therein. There is some
error which ought to be corrected.
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extract a few out of 63,000 cures ;—" Tito Pope's health restored
by Da Barry's Food. Cure No. 63,413. "Rome, July 21, 1366
—The health of the Holy Father is excellent, especially since,
abandoning all other remedies, he has confined him ielf entirely
to Du Barry's Revalenta Arabic% Food of which he consumes
a plateful at every meal. It has pr.:,auced a surprisingly bene-
ficial effect on his health, and his Holiness cannot praise this excel
lent food too highly." From the " Gazette du Midi, July 25 Cure
No. 4216, of the Marchioness de Brehan, of seven years' liver
complaint, wasting away, debility, nervousness, with a nervous
palpitation all over, bad digestion, constant sleeplessness, and
the most intolerable nervous agitation.." Cure No. 1,771; Lord
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dyspepsia. No. 49,832 :‘ " Fifty years' indescribable agory from
dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, wnstination, flatulency,
spasms, sickness, and vomiting.—Maria Joly: —Cure No.
46,270: Mr. James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of 3) years'
diseased lunge, spitting of blood, liver derangement, and
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for 576 cups at 555. Being about one penny per cup. The 30s
and 555. tins are sent free of carriage in England on receipt
of Post Office Order.—Bamay DO BARRY and CO., No. 77,
Regent-moot, London; and aU Cirwerp paid cheraigto.

The most stirring news from the seat of war in
Paraguay arrived by the mail on theist inst. The
Fall of Ilumaita, so long prophesied, has at last
aken place, and, contrary to our expectation, does
iot bring the war nearer to its end. Nor has this
sews renewed the confidence of Europe in Brazil :
luite the contrary. llsaz:lian sem ities have fallen
early ii her cent. since the d tails of the taking of
lutnaita have become known, shorn of all the fa-
vourable phases as set forth by the Brazilian 'mess.
since the last news by the French packet accounts
had reache 1 E trope by the Pacific mail steamer
Pan'tini eery disastrous to the Allies, but were
.without detail?, which we can now give in
lull, showing that the Allies cannot concrier
Paraguay. Marl it Caxias having heard from
leserters that Humaita was to be evscaatad on the
16th of July last, and wishing to prevent the escape
of the little but vali tnt garrison, ordered a well-
provided force of from 12,000 to 13,000 men, under
one of his best generals, Osorio, to attack that for-
tress, but was repulsed with a loss variously stated at
from 3,000 to 4,000 men. In the Buenos Ayres
Standard's review for Europe, of the 26th July, is
the following on the battle of Humaita :—The
Proveeder yesterday brought further details respect-
ing the battle of the 16th in front of Humaita.
Osorio, with some 12,000 men, advanced on the
lines to reconnoitre the enemy's position, and ac-
tually passed up to the second fosse, having
taken a redoubt. He at once sent despatches to
Caxias, asking for reinforcements. Caxias re-
plie 1, ordering Osorio to evacuate the position
and retire. Then followed one of those awful
passages which we read of in wars—the Para-
guayans opened fire from every point on the Bra-
zilians. General Osorio had three of his aide-de-
camps killed, two horses shot under him, his poncho
fairly riddled with balls, but he got la ick. The re-
treat of the Brazilians could only be effected under
the most terrible fire of grape and canister, but it
seems that the Paraguayns hid in the ditches, and
when the Brazilians began to retire they came
out and did effective havoc with hand grenades.
The loss of the Brazilians in this affair is notapre-
cisely known, and as a matter of course is exagge-
rated. A. letter from a physician in Corrientes
states that the hospitals are all full, and that the
wounded will have to be sent down to Buenos
Ayres or Montevideo. After this defeat, in which
the Brazilians mostly suffered, the Argentine
troops with a Brazilian reserve were ordered on the
18th of July to storm a battery of only a few guns,
an outwork of Timbo, which greatly harassed the
Allies. This undertaking was entrusted to two
of the best Argentine officers—Martinez de Hoz
and Gasper Campos—who, at the head of 9,000
men, attacked the Paraguayan fort, but with as
little success as their Brazilian comrades two days be-
fore at Humaita,and 2,oooArgentines are said to have
perished, their commanders being made prisoners.
This battle has been named Guaicuru from a little
stream flowing near, and which is also the name of
some of the wildest and most savage Indians of the
Chaco. According to the Standard the Brazilian
reserve did not come up to sustain the Argentines,
which might have turned the tide. " Gen. Rivas en-
trusted the expedition to the command of the brave
and much esteemed Colonel Martinez de Hoz, it
being understood that on the taking of the posi-
tion Gely y Obes would come over to • lead
in person the subsequent attack on Timbo—
but man proposes. Colonel Martinez do Hoz,
with the Riojano regiment commanded by Gaspar
Campos, and about forty picked men as an
escort, accompanied by a Brazilian reserve
numbering some 500 men, advanced along the
path, meeting no opposition till they wheeled to the
right and faced the bridge ; there they found the
enemy posted. Colonel Martinez de Hoz, sword in
hand, charged the enemy, driving them back
with very little loss. Pursuing his advantage
he deployed down the road, still following the
retreating enemy, until he suddenly felt a
simultaneous attack on both flanks from the ad-
joining woods ; meanwhile the guns at Guaicuru
opened a murderous fire, the position was critic tl
hi the extreme, and had Rivas co I.e up then with
reinforcements, doubtless the Allies would have
cat rigid the place by storm, but the Brazilians
who brought up the rear finding the enemy
sallying from the woods at all points, and
already having nearly half their number
hors de cowl) it, could push on no further ; thus, in
fact, the Argentines were, as it seems, cut off, and
when Rivas came up it was the day after the fair.
He rescued the retrea'ing Brazilians from the
victorious Paraguayans who crowded along the
road. After these disastrous defeats, the loss
of the Allies being as heavy as on the memorable
attack of Curupaity, nothing took place till the 25th,
when the death-like silence of the ever-speaking
batteries of Humaita announced to the bewildered.
Allies that llumaita had been deserted without their
having the slightest notice, and in they marched
by the leave of the Paraguayans, not firing a
shot, but to find the empty shell of that
great fortress, which has checked the largest
and best equipped army and fleet ever raised
in South America for nearly three years, and
the lives of tens of thousands of innocent people
and millions of money all sacrificed to the
grasping policy of Brazil. The fall of Hu-
maita will not end the war, as Marshal Lo-
pez, it is stated, is fully prepared to receive
his enemies on his new lines of fortifications on the
Tebicuari, which equal Ilnmaita in every respect,
being more inland, and not exposed to the fire of
the fleet. But it is hoped negotiations will now
take place, as the Republics of Chili and Bolivia
have offered their good services, and a gentleman
connected with one of these Legations has left Buenos
Ayres for Asuncion to have an interview with Lopez,
to ascertain under what conditions he was willing
to make peace. The news of the battle of the 18th
July, in which so many Partenos fell (inhabitants
of Buenos Ayres) was deeply felt, and spread
gloom and mourning in every household. And if
peace had long been wished for before, and the
unnatural alliance with Brazil openly descried,
now it was asked with loud lamentations, and
Congress has revoked the protocol to the
treaty of the triple alliance, as well as passed
Senor Marmal's measure calling upon the Na-
tional Executive to give the fullest information
about the offered mediation, and the terms Lopez
proposes. To stir up the hatred against Brazil still
more, is the publication of some diplomatic notes
exchanged at Rio Janeiro in February,lB67, between
the Minister of Uruguay, Senor Andres Latnas,
and the Brazilian Minister of Foreign Affairs,
on the proffered mediation of the United States of
America, repeatedly declined by the empire, the
necessity of acceptance the Uruguay Minister fully
explains, as Brazil was even then unable to raise a
new army after the defeat of Curupaity, and only
prolonged the war to carry out, if possible, her
sinister policy in the river Plate, against all the
protestations of her Allies. The resolution in
Paraguay against Lopsz is only to be found in the
Brazilian press and Brazilian official telee-rams,
a
which show a wonderful disregard fur truth.

There is an excellent article in the New York
Evening Mail, of August 19, on George Francis Train.
"Is he a fool ?" it asks, "No ; a lunatic ? Not exactly ;
what then? He is a man of superbintollect, with nothing
whatever to guide it. 110 is a steam-engine with no
governor-valve and a high pressure of steam. He is a
locomotive under full motion with no engineer to manage
it. He is a steamship without a pilot. Chain-lightning.
An int Rectual whirlwind. Chaos. A power—ac ive,
irresponsible, irrepressible—without reason, aim, or guid-
ance." To the suggestion - there is method in his mad-
ness, that he has a purpose in keeping himself before the
public, the Evening Mail replies : - "Not a bit of it." He
is restless', must be doing something; fight, keep moving.
During the war, while in London, be attacked the pre-
vailing sentiment. On returning to America he sought on
the other side the best opportunity. to fight. This he
could not fin 1 in Pacific Railroad matters, su he
joined the Woman's Rights' movement. That being too
tame he went into Fabianism. As it was one-sided in
America, and that the wrong side for him, he threw him-
self into Ireland and "flew at the British Lion." Touching.
his incarceration, we are sorry to say that another flaw
was discovered in his application for release last Tuesday,
and the interests of this most energetic gentleman .are
ruthlessly sacrificed to a pretended informality. The opi-
nion is universal in America that he is confined by the
British Government, who use the claimants of a doubtful
and disputed debt as a mere instrument. Mr. Train would
b 3 in his element if he were now in the United States, and
it is a great pity that there should be people so ill advised
on this side as to detain him. The Evening Mail concludes its
article in these words: —"Nature meant Train for a man
of influence and true power. She made a blunder some-
where : she omitted a governing force. This, we believe,
is a misfortune to America. That is, it is a misfortune
just as the loss of a great man by death is a misfortune.
Great men often do harm. But when great men die we
say the nation has suffered loss. America lost a great
man by the mistake, whatever it was, which ()ratted the
regulating force in Train's character."

The riotous proceedings in the Chorlton-road, which led
to thirty-one arrests on Saturday, unfortunately were not
entirely checked on that day. On Sunday afternoon a
large crowd, with the usual seasoning of roughs, assembled
in Chorlton and Stratford roads to hear Murphy or
Flannagan "preach." These gentlemen, for once recognising
discretion as an important part of valour, kept
away. There were, however, other street preachers ready
to hold forth. One speaker, who appeared in his shirt
sleeves, addressed himself for nearly half an hour to a
chaffing crowd in defence of Mr. Murphy, and related
in great detail the particulars of his arrest in the
beginning of the week. A temperance advocate
succeeded, and spoke for some time, chiefly in
reply to a running fire of questions with which he was
assailed, but neither the Orangemen nor the water-
drinker succeeded in interesting more than two or three
hundred out of the thousand or more onlookers who bad
then gathered in the square and on the adjoining road.
From three to four o'clock, however, the streets
became more thronged, and some degree of excite-
ment was caused shortly before the latter hour by the
arrival on the scene of Mr. Tear; one of Mr. Murphy's
leading supporters, who was at once recognised as having
taken so prominent a part in the proceedings on the pre-
vious afternoon. It then transpired that Mr. Murphy bad
left -Manchester, it was said for Bolton, and that his satel-
lite, Mr. Flannagan, had returned to Northampton. The
elements of discord were not long wanting. An Irish mob
had assembled in Stevenson-square early in the afternoon,
when they were addressed by their leader, who told
them that the agitation which was going on was not a
question of religion, but a question of nationality. He
advised them to increase their number, and divide them-
selves. The mob (about 200) proceeded to Chorlton-road,
but a number of police were on duty, and a telegram
having been sent to the chief detective office, a large
force of police, under the direction of Captain Palin,
was soon on the spot, and succeeded in suppressing
the disturbance. Several of the Irish party were
armed with bludgeons, which they used pretty freely, but
without, we believe, any serious consequences. In the
course of the afternoon and evening eleven men, who were
seen to take a prominent part in the disturbance, were
apprehended and lodged in the various police-stations.
A large number of police were on duty up to a late hour,
and a reserve of the A, C, and D divisions was kept
at the Hulme Town Hall, in readiness to be called out if
necessary.

ENGLISH OPINION AND AMERICAN

POLITICS.

The Pall Mall Gazette, observing that'when an ambas-
sador is speaking we get as near as we are ever likely to
get to the view which the American people as a whole
take of the English people as a whole., says the expressions
of cordial sympathy used by Mr. Reverdy Johnson at
Sheffield will therefore be welcome to everyone who
wishes to see peace and goodwill flourish between
the two countries to whom the maintenance of con•
stitutional freedom has been pre-eminently entrusted ;
and we hope that the people of the United States will
feel assured that the friendly words of their representative
found their full response in the breast of every English-
man whose sentiments are worth taking into account.
Mr. Roebuck's petulant insolence deprives him of
all claim to be included in this category. In one
passage of Mr. Reverdy Johnson's speech he referred
with great good sense to the differences of opinion which
prevailed in England during the American war " as to the
causes and the justice of the struggle " in which the two
sections of the Union were engaged. He pointed out
that these differences were only the reflection of
similar differences entertained in Vie United States,
and therefore that their existence among ourselves was
not a matter for surprise. The good sense and modera-
tion which characterise this view of the subject might
be considered with great advantage by some English
writers. Journalists who took the side of the North
throughout the civil war have a perfect right
to pride themselves upon the consistency of their
principles or on the accuracy of their predictions.
But an important section of politicians in England took a
view of the American Constitution for which they could at
least plead the sanction of some of the most eminent
American statesmen. According to this theory, the
conditions under which the original compact was entered
into by the several States implied in the last resort a right
on the part of any one of them to secede from the Union
if it should eventually fail to answer the purposes for
which it was designed. To those who thus argued it
seemed plain that in the possible exercise of this right lay
the only guarantee for the maintenance of that State
sovereignty which constituted the best check upon the
encroachments of a numerical majority, and consequently
the best security for the permanence of constitutional
freedom in the United States. Whether this view was
true or false, it was quite compatible with a state of neu-
trality during the war, and with hearty goodwill to the
American people both at that time and now that the war

is over.

Mr. Bernal Odiorne is so ill that he is confined to
his bed. He intends to take the earliest opportunity of ap-
pearing before the electors.

King Victor Emmanuel sent £l2O to the peasant
who assisted in saving his life whilst out shooting, and has
besides granted him a pension for life.
FALL OF A PLATFORM—An alarming occurrence
took place on Saturday afternoon at Wakefield, the occa-
sion being the show of the West Riding Agricultural
Society. A grand stand, thronged with spectators who
were witnessing a brass band contest, fell without warning,
and many persons were severely injured.
Several gentlemen have determined on meeting the
present railway difficulty by trying the experiment of jour-
neying from the outlying districts to the outskirts of town
by the aid of velocipedes, after the fashion recently adopted
in the neighbourhood of Paris. One expert traveller has
proved the possibility of outstripping the steam horse by
gliding along at the rate of 15 miles per hour.—South London
Press.

A correspondent of a Birmingham paper, who
wrote to Mr. Bright with reference to the personal payment
of rates, publishes the following extract from the hon.
member's reply :—" The retention of the payment of
rates as a test was the act of the Tory Government; we
were all opposed to it. It was not in Mr. Gladstone's bill of
186 G, and ho was most strongly opposed to it last year, and
denounced it on many occasions."

When a Government once enters upon a career of
despotism it is difficult for it to know where to halt.. Who
could ever have supposed that the master of more than one
hundred legions would bo compelled to make war upon pipes?
Yet such is the fact. The Figaro of last week announces
that in the Quartier Latin a razzia was made on a quantity
of fragile clay which had been worked into tubular shape
with a bowl at the end in the form of a lantern and coloured
red.

The South London Chronicle says that the ladies of
South London aro determined not to be behind the age in
the assertion of their political privileges. Out of a list
roughly estimated at about 500 claimants for the borough
franchise in the parish of St. George, Southwark, scarcely
six are of the sterner sex. If their claims be disputed, and
the 494 (call them only 494) attend in person to substantiate
them, what a happy task the revising barrister will have
before him.

Ennou IN PAYING A CHEQUE. —One of the
tellers in the Clydesdale Bank, Glasgow, discovered the
other evening, when balancing his accounts, a deficiency of
£1,134. On further investigating the affair, he found that
he had paid to a Mr. David Kirkland, cheese merchant, of
the Bazaar, £1,260 instead of £126, on a cheque that had
been presented. Mr. Kirkland denies having received
more than £126 ; but lie has, notwithstanding, been
arrested and remitted to the sheriff for examination.

THE REGISTRATIONS.—On Monday next, the
14th inst., the registrations under the new Act will corn-
thence, and must be concluded by the Bth October. On
Monday, Middlesex and the City of London will open the
proceedings. " Lodgers' claims" in the latter are plenti-
ful—about 700 ; and in Middlesex " ladies " will claim to
be on the register. In Marylebene the ladies will claim
" their rights "to appear on the list of voters. Lodgers
and ladies will be the great feature in the revision.
THE MASSACRE OF NATIVE CHRISTIANS IN
SAFAN.—We read in the Aragasaki Express :—"The native
Christians at Nagasaki have, it seems, at last been
sentenced to suffer (MO, and a body of about 100 of
them were, on the night of the 10th inst., hurried on board
the steamer Sir Harry Parkes, to be taken out to sea
and there drowned. Some fifty more, chiefly women,
were to await another Japanese steamer, and stiffer the
same fate. Directly they heard what was in contempla-
tion, the foreign consuls jointly addressed a stirring re-
monstrance to the governor, urging him to rescind such a
cruel order, but the only reply they received was a recom-
mendation to mind their own business. Another meeting
of the consular body for the discussion of this matter,
though too late to do anything towards effecting the
safety of the doomed ones on board the Sir Harry
Parkes, was to be held on Saturday, the 11th July. Surely
the authorities of Christian nations will, by-some means
Dr other, be able to bring it within the scope of their duties
to prevent such atrocities as these. The Jesuits, we
believe, claim some 40,000 converts in Japan : if the
slaughter has once commenced where will it end? Are
the whole of these converts to be sacrificed to the furze of
Witiasithauaguar.