The Sun.
London, England, 1850-08-23 00:00:00

LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, AUG UST 23, 1850

never gave any relief, thinking that her and her hus-
band's income was sufficient to maintain them. _ _

Mr. John Goodchild—l am the parish surgeon at Eel-
jog, and live there. I received a❑ order to attend the
deceased girl on the 11th July. I found the girl suffer-
ing from coil ; I found her at her mother's house, sit-
ting up. I treated her complaint as an ordinary
cold at first. I atteneed her until her death, on the
Bth August. I made a post rnortem examination of the
deceased, and found that the cause of her death was in-
flemmation of the air tubes of the lungs. There a ere
three or four slight bruises on her person. With the
exception of the lungs, the other parts of the body were
healthy. I knew the inflammation of the lungs had ex-
isted for a month, and Ishould think it had existed longer,
perhaps five weeks before ber death. The bruises on
her body bad been inflicted perhaps nine or ten days
before her death, and they were wearing off. I think
they had been inflicted on her after I had commenced
attending her. The three bruises I speak of were on
the shin, but in addition to that there was a very
slight bruise on the thigh, and a slight puffi -
ness on a part ef the scalp. I examined
the ear by the direction of the Coroner, but I could not
determine whether its state bud been caused by violence
or whether it was constitutional. I have heard what the
witnesses have said with respect to the treatment of the
deceased, and I think it was liaely to bring her into a
state of debility such as would render her liable to in-
flammation of the lungs. It the icfhmwation existed
before, such treatment would aggravate it.
By the JUDGE—The bruises might have been occasioned
in getting out of bed or in striking herself against a chair
or such a thing. I should doubt that the puffiness I saw
on the head aas attributable to pulmonary action. I did
not bleed the deceased, because I thought the inflam-
matory action was not sufficiently active to warrant it.
Cross-examined by Mr. PARRY—I have no doubt the
puffiness on the head tad existed more than twelve
months, and it might have been born with the deceased.
Thomas Tull, T 22, apprehended the prisoner at the
instance of the Coroner. When she was taken to the
station-house, she addressed some words to Mrs. Wallis,
but witcess was not near enough to hear what they were.
She was intoxicated on that occasion.
Cross-examined—The deceased was once taken to tie
station•house for stealing tarts.
This was the case for the prosecution.
Mr. PARRY submitted there was no evidence to go to
the jury.
Mr. Baron PLATT thought the evidence did not bear
out the more serious part of the charge, but as the
assualts on the deceased formed part of that charge,
within the meaning of the Act of Parliament, he thought
the case should go to the jury.
Mr. PARRY addressed the jury on behalf of the pri-
soner, and afterwards called several of her neighbours,
who had known her for many years, and who gave her
a general good character for humanity, admitting, how-
ever, that she was harsh and hasty at times.
Mr. Baron PLATT having summed up the case,
The jury immediately gave in a verdict of Guilty of
an Assault, and they begged to express their thanks to
the parish authorities for bringing the case before the
Court.

Mr. Baron PLATT then sentenced the prisoner to be
imprisoned and kept to hard labour for twelve calendar
months.

MARLBRO'-STREET.-(THIS DAY.

EXTRAORDINARY CHARGE.—Benjamin Sheppard, and
Sarah, his wife, were brought before Mr. fiardwick,
charged with stealing two silver candlesticks, two valu-
able gold watches, and a large sum of money, the pro-
perty of the late Colonel Charles Ryan, who died about
six weeks ago, at No. 3, Upper John•street, Golden-
square. _ _ _ _ _

A gentlenian who attended to prosecute on behalf of
the heir to the late Colonel's property, stated that the
prisoners were the landlord and landlady of the house in
which Colonel Ryan died. After the Colonel's decease
his effects were examined, and amongst other things the
property named in the charge was missing, and on being
traced to the prisoners they were given in custody.
Mary Hawthorn, servant to the prisoner, deposed that
the late Colonel Ryan was a lodger in her master's
house, and bad been lodging there for about eleven
years. On la-it Saturday six weeks the Colonel died, and
at the time of his death he had several gold watches,
chains, and a large sum of money in a cash box. The
watches and chains produced, with the cash-box, be-
longed to the late Colonel. She remembered a gentle-
man telling the male prisoner if he had any of the late
Colonel's property to give it up. The prisoner replied
that he had not any of his property, as it was all under
lock and key in the Colonel's bed-room. About three
weeks ago the prisoners left the house, and witness saw
no more of them until last night, when she saw them in
custody. Last night she heard the male prisoner
admit taking two a. notes from the Colonel's box,
one of which he had paid towards the funeral expenses,
and the other he bad with him in his pocket.
Mr. Linklater, for the defence, said the gentleman who
had attended to prosecute had not shown the least title
or claim to the property, or to act on the part of the heir
at-law. He therefore contended that his clients, who
were honest and respectable, bad been hardly dealt with
in being taken into custody. There was at present 4001.
i❑ the Court of Bankruptcy ready to be given up, with
all the remt of the property, to the heir-at-law whenever
he thought proper to come forward and claim it. His
clients admitted having possession of the property, and
were willing to give it up to the person entitled to it.
They bad ni t held it with a felonious intent.

Mr. HARDWICK thought it quite time enough to pro-
secute the defendants fur felony when the roil owner
came forward to do so, but at present there was no
distinct heir or rightful owner to claim the property,
and he should therefore discharge them, and recommend
them to make out an inventory of the deceased's effects
and &liver it to the real claimant. The parties then
left the court.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.
YORK RACES.—Tnunsoey.

RACE-COURSE, FOUR O'CLOCK.—The races havingcom•
menced late this afternoon, we have only to state that the
weather was cold and showery in the early part of the
afternoon, and the attendance much larger than on the
first day, but still below what we have usually seen here
on the grand day.
The Bramham Park Stakes of 100 toys. each, 30 ft, for
three yrs old colts, Bst 7,b; fillies, Bst 21b; winners
extra. Mile and a halt: (6 Subs.)
Mr. Jaques's Mildew walked over
The Chesterfield Handicap of 10 soya. each, with 60
added; the winner to pay 10 soya. towards expenses.

One mile. (15 Subs.) - -
Lord Stanley's Uriel,4 yrs, 7st 10Ib (Flatman) 1
Lord Zetlaud's St. Ann, 5 yrs, Bst 41b...(J. Marion) 2
Mr. Metklam's Polonaise, 4 yrs, 6st llb ...(Arnold) 3
Mr. Allen's Cuba, 3 yrs, sst Blb (T. Dots) 4
Sir J. Hawley's Hippie, 3 yrs (West) 5
Betting-5 to 4on Uriel-4 to 1 agst St Ann—and
5 to 1 agst Hippia. Won in a canter by four lengths.
—Run in 1 min. 48 secs.
the Filly Stakes of 10 sovs. each, with 25 added, for
three yrs old, Bst 71b each; winners extra. One mile
and a quarter. (4 Subs.)
Sir J. Ilawley's Tiff, Bst 121 b (Templeman) 1
Mr. Jas. Pilling's Lady Eden, Bst 121b..(G. Abdale) 2
Butting-11 to 8 on Lady Eden. Won by hag a
length. Run in 2 min. 46 secs.
The Old Three yrs old Produce Stakes of 100 sovs.
each, h ft, for three yrs old; colts, Bst 51b; fillies,
Bst 21b. Two miles. (12 Subs.)
Mr. Jaques's Mildew, Bat 21b (Flatman) 1
Mr. Bowes's Mickleton, Bat 51b (F. Butler) 2
Betting-2 to lon Mildew, who won by a length.
Run 3 min. 57 secs.
The County Plate of 100 SOW:, added to a sweepstakes
of 15 sovs. each, &c. T.Y.C.
Mr. Halford's Harriott, 3 yrs, Bst 71b...(Whitehouse) 1
Mr. Dawson's Tightwaist, 2 yrs, Est 91b
Lord Zetland's Radulphus, aged. 9st 31b
The following alas ran:--Mr. Morris's Meridian,
5 yrs, 9st 61b—Lord Zr.tland's Miss Ann, 5 yrs, 9st 31b
—and Mr. Davidson's Fleur-de-Sein_,P 5 yrs, Bst 71b.
Betting--2 to 1 agst Harriott. Won in a canter.
The Great Ebor Handicap of 200 soya., added to a
sweepstakes of 20 sovs. each, 15 I', and 5 only if
declared; the second to receive 50 sovs. (93 Subs.,

62 of whom declared.)
Mr. Dawson's Mark Tapley, 3 yr 3, sst 91b (Arnold) 1
Mr. Parr's Clothworker. 4 yrs, bit 2lb (Hiatt) 2
Colonel Anson's Champion, 4 yrs, 6st 91b (Charlton) 3
The following also started:—
Mr. Bolt's Oollingwood, aged, Bst 121 b (Nat) 0
Mr. Walt rs' Maid of Team Valley, 7st 41b(Metalle) 0
Mr. Wrather's Maid of Masbam, Bst 1 llb (G. Abdale) 0
Mr. Pedley's Chatterer, 4 yrs, Est 121b...(Holloway) 0
Mr. Meiklam's Cocktail, 4 yrs, 6st (Aldcroft) 0
Lord Zetland's Cantab, 3 yrs, sst 71b (Osborne) 0
Mr. Walter's Reality, 5 yrs, sst 41b (Harwood) 0
Mr. Stopford'a Elcho, 3 yrs, sst 21b (Wells) 0
13etting-7 to 2 agst Champion, 7 to 2 agst Coiling-
wood, 5 to 1 agst Mark Tapley, 6 to 1 agst Cantab, 7
to 1 agst Clothworker, and 12 to 1 agst Elcho. A very
fine race from the Stand. Won cleverly by half a length;
Clothworker beating Champion by a length, Cantab,
Collingwood, and Maid of Masham well up. Run in 3
min. 22 secs.
The Lottery Plate of 25/., added to a sweepstakes of 5
sovs. each, for three yrs old, tic. The second to save
his wake. One mile. (7 Subs.)
Mr. Hobson's Gladiola, 3 yrs, 7st 131 b ...(Osborne) 1
Sir C. Monk's Gulliver, 4 yrs, 9st 71b...(Sampson) 2
Mr. Hesseltine's Andalusian. 4 yrs, Bst 2lb (Longstaff ) 3
The following also ran : —Lord Cardross's Scarborough,
3 yrs, 7st 41b—Mr. Walter's Mary Nobbler. aged, Bst
91b—and Mr. Meiklam's French Susy, 3 yrs, 7st 11b.
Betting-2 to 1 agat Andalusian, and 3to 1 agat
Gladiola. Won by two lengths.
The Scurry Stakes of 5 soya. each, with 20 added for
three yrs old and upwards. Gentlemen riders. T.Y.C.

(5 Subs.)
Mr.lltaidsun'sFleurdeSeine,llstlolb(Capt Broadley) 1
Mr. Nicoll na o.baldwick, 3 yrs, lOst (Ld. Cardross) 2

Won in n c.nter.
YOlil FRIDAY MORNING.
LATEST BET LING.
THE YuRKSHIRE STAKES.
1 t,w 8 on Pitsf :rd 10 to 1 ugst any other
6 to 1 apt Cyprus

(Jay), beating Cayenne, 4 yrs, Bst 61b, Second Sight, 4
yrs, Bst 1016, and the Lioness, 2 rs, 6st 101 b, by a
length.
The County Members' Stakes of 5 sovs. each, and 25
added. Heate, one mile. (2 Subs.)
Sir E. Lacon's br c by Dromedary, d by Mulatto,
3 yrs, Sat 4113 ........................ (Thorogood) 1 1
Mr. Harvey's Dover, Bat 121 h... (Bartholomew) 2 dr
Won by a length.
The Consolation Scramble of 5 sovs. each, h ft, and
25 aided, three-quarters of a mile (4 Subs.), was won
easily by Mr. Ongley's Camilla, 4 yrs, 9st (Norman),
beating Cayenne, 4 yrs, Bst I.olb, and Anchor of Hope,
5 yrs, Bst 91b.

CRICKET.
MARYLEBONE CLUB AND GROUND v.
COUNTY OF SUSSEX.
This match was concluded on Wednesday morning,
Marylebone winning in one innings by 40 runs. The
score was as follows:

SL'SSEX.

First Innings. Second Innings.
Dean, b Sherman
It.dson, b Lillywhite ...
Picknell, c Dakin, b Sherman 2 c Diver b Sherman... 4
Mr. E. Napper, hit wicker, b ,
Lillywhi:e
Box, b Sherman
Mr. W. Napper, b Lillywhite 4 b Lillywhite ....
Bushby, b Caffyn . . 18 b .-herman
Pennikett, b Sherman
Mr. H. M. Curteis, b Sherman 2 b Sherman
Mr. A Smith, run out ...... .. 10 run out .. 0
Wooller, not out 0 b Li11ywhite............ 2
Byes 3, wide 2 .. 5 83,1 b3,w b 5

Total
MAKYLEBONE CLUB.
Mr. W. Nicholson, b Hodson 3O
Royston, b Dean ..
Cafryn, b Wooller
•—• 4
Mr. J. Walker, c Picknell, b H0d50n......... 83
Dakin, b Dean
Mr. R. -Kynaston, b Hodson
Mr. C. H. Hoare, b Wooller
Diver, not out
Chapman, c Dean, b Pennikett ....•
Sherman, c W. Napper, b Hodson °
Lillywhite, run out .... .. ....
Byes 1, leg byes 9, wide 2, no ball 1

Total .. 268

HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE.

Last evening was the first of the extra perform-
ances at her Majesty's Theatre, and we had the last
act of Lucia di Lammermoor, with Miss Catherine
Hayes as Lucia and Mr. bins Reeves as Edgardo,
and the ever fresh and delightful ii Barbiere, with
Madame Sontag as Rosina, who sang and acted deli-
ciously. Never did she sing Rode's air more bril-
liantly than last evening, and on being encored she
substituted " Ah I vous dirai-je," in which she was
applauded to the echo. Then we had a divertisse-
ment, in which Amalia Ferraris created a perfect
furore by her admirable execution of her pas, and the
last act of Ernani by Mademoiselle Parodi and Gar-
doni. The whole concluded with Les Plaisirs d'Hiver,
in which Amalia Ferraris was again rapturously ap-
plauded. The house was crowded in every part by a
brilliant audience.

LITERATURE.
THE FOURTH ESTATE. 2 Vols. By F.
Knight Hunt.
Fortunately for himself the compiler of these two
volumes has disarmed criticism by at once acknow-
ledging them to be mere " contributions towards a
history of newspapers." Otherwise he must infal-
libly have incurred the blame of all impartial re-
viewers, supposing him to have arrogated to himself
the title of an historian of journalists. Any such
pretension, as we have intimated, is waived by Mr.
Hunt with a grace and modesty befitting the delicate
office upon which he has adventured. As " contri-
butions towards a history of newspapers," therefore,
his volumes will prove not altogether unacceptable,
though at the same time it must be confessed that
their deficiency of information, in a thousand parti-
culars, must render them, in many instances, and in
the highest degree, unsatisfactory. The opening
sentence of the narrative, if such it can be termed
with any degree of accuracy, though picturesque and
striking in itself, seems in its tone to be a vast
deal too pretentious considering the baldness
of many of the subsequent passages. It runs thus :
" When the reign of James the First was drawing
to a close ; when Ben Jonson was poet laureate, and
the personal friends of Shaksperei were lamenting
his then recent death; when Cromwell was trading
as a brewer in Huntiugdon ; when Milton was a
youth of sixteen, just trying his pen at Lain verse,
and Hampden a quiet country gentleman in Buck-
inghamshire, London was first solicited to patronize
its first newspaper." After so very dignified and
sonorous an introduction it is impossible to peruse the
very confused and fragmentary details into which the
work not long afterwards degenerates without expe-
riencing very considerable disappointment. A ram-
bling superfluity of quotations from Ben Jonson's
" Staple of News," a casual reference to the acta
diurna, an incidental allusionlto the Venetian Gazettes,
and an inadequate account of the newsletters and
newswriters preceding the rise of journalism,
bring the reader rather abruptly to the establishment
of the first newspaper,:the Weekly Nerves, the earliest
number of which was printed on the 23d of May,
1622. After this we are introduced at intervals in
succession to Sir Richard Knightley, to Sir Lionel
Craufield, and to Sir Roger L'Estrange. We read
some insufficient remarks on the origin of the Censor-
ship, and have our attention directed but for a
moment to the Star Chamber persecutions. Having
glanced at the press as it was under the Common-
wealth and subsequently to the Restoration, Mr.
Hunt pauses when he arrives at the period of the
revolution, and thereupon ensues a somewhat more
orderly and coherent arrangement of the narrative,
which, nevertheless, in spite of all contrivance in the
way of sequence and symmetry, still remains flawed
by many unnecessary omissions. A century of news-
papers conducts us from 1688 to 1788, from the
Orange Intelligencer to:the Times. During this period
references are intermittingly made to Tutchin, Defoe,
and Judge ;Jtfferies, to Pope and Bolingbroke, to
Swift, Steele, and Addison, to Fielding,Foote,Burke,
Johnson, Smollett, Wilkes, Churchill, Junius, and
Chatterton. Afterwards, while following the pro-
gress of journalism, from 1788 to 1800, we find
mingled among those of the professional members of
the press the names of Paine, Crabbe, Erskine, and
Sheridan. The second volume contains a general
survey of the press of the present century, followed
by separate chapters on the London Daily Papers, on
the Evening Papers, on Reporting and Reporters, and
on the Mechanism of a Morning Journal. For the
amusement of our provincial readers, and maybe
of some also of our readers in the metropolis, we
transcribe from Mr. Hunt's work on " The Fourth
Estate" the following graphic and accurate descrip•
tion

TWENTY-FOUR HOURS OF NEWSPAPER LIFE.
"A sketch of twenty-tour hours of newspaper life will
give some idea of how the complex and expensive ma-
chinery moves for the collection, preparation, and publi-
cation of a daily paper. Perhaps the earliest contributor
at work is the Dublin Correspondent. By the present
Post-office arrangements, via Holyhead, a steamer leaves
Kingston harbour, soon after eight in the morning, for
Holyhead, and special dispatches sent by that convey-
ance reach London the same day. By this mode we
have news at night in London dated Dublin the same
morning. To prepare this the correspondent must be up
betimes, get early copies of the morning papers, write
his dispatch, and be off by railway to meet the steamer
by breakfast hour. He is then tree till evening, whilst his
copy is making its way across the Channel towards the
Loudon office. The French Correspondent, meanwhile.
has risen, dressed, and is deeply immersed in the Debuts,
the Constitutionnel, and the Moniteur. Flimsy paper and
rapid translators are in requisition; a brisk drive to the
Hotel de Ville, or to the house of a brother journalist, or
a call at some other point where additional information,
or a confirmation, or contradiction of current rumours
may be gained, and then ' Our Paris Correspondent' sits
down to complete his dispatch. Quick pens and quicker
thoughts speed on the work, and when all has been said,
a capacious envelope receives the slips; it is seated, and
away to the post-office in the Rue J. J. Rousseau before
eleven. The day is yet early, and a stroll through the
city, a call upon friends, a gossip at some public office,
and in a cafe, another glance through the newspapers,
an overhaul of the letters from Rome, from Naples,
from Turin, from Madrid, which the post has brought,
and the correspondent is ready to prepare his more
elaborate dispatch for the five o'clock post. This is a
matter of importance, and takes time. If the Chambers
are sitting, a reporter has been placed there to give the
proceedings, and, as the hour of five draws mar, the
copy' accumuktes. The dispatch is written; extracts
from the leading Parisian papers have been made; Ga-
lignani has been laid under contribution; some digests of
French statistical papers have been summarised into
readable and valuable pars ; the report of the Paris
Bourse, and of the Madrid Boise, come is, followed

quickly by that from the Chambers, dtlayed till the last
half•minute, that the proceedings might be brought up
till the latest posaiblo moment before the words • left

sitting' closed the copy. Again the capacious envelope,
with its printed address, is ready, and the abundant con-
tributions of Paris towards the London stock of news
finds its way to the post just two seconds and a quarter
before the bureau closes. Whilst these French and
Irish ambassadors of the Fourth Estate are thus em-
ployed, their brethren at Berlin, Vienna, Madrid, and
elsewhere are occupied much in the same way, each col-
lecting his batch of news and commentary in time fir
the mails. Special correspondents, meanwhile, are less
systematic. One, it may be, is vibrating between con-
tending armies, as in the recent cases of Radetsky and
Charles Albert, or of Bem and Windischgratz; another
is an attach& to the fallen fortunes of Kossuth at Widdin;
another hovers about the Golden Horn, to learn where
the English fleet will really make a warlike demonstra-
tion against Russia ; another is gathering news of
California amongst the Wall-street speculators of the
wf stern world; whilst another chronicles the doings of
the Sooloo pirates in the suffocating atmosphere of the
East.

" The reporters at home are as busy as the correspon-
dents abroad. Amongst the earliest afoot in the morn
ing, is one noting at Smithfield the prices of cattle;
others, at Wakefield and Mark-lane, the price of corn;
another, in Southwark, the prices of hops; and in Minc-
ing-lane, the qualities and rates of coffees and sugars;
At Liverpool, the cotton; at Manchester, the yarns; and
at Leeds, the woollens, are being watched, their prim;
jotted down, and the tone of the markets noted. Stocks
and shares, also, are being inquired about in all these
and many other towns; nhilst corn prices, and supplies,
are ((pally attended to. Where large local meetings
occur, there also the reporters are to be seen taking up
their places on the platform to note the thrice-told tale,
of agricultoral distress; and the equally familiar pro-
mises of prosperity to come from free trade. In one
part of the country a railway collision is being reported;
in another, an inquest on a mine explosion; in a third,
an assemblage of persons favourable to church extension;
in a fourth, a lecture on separation of Church and State;
in a fifth, some terrible accident or appalling murder,—
be it where it may, there is a busy pen at work for the
London paper. Post hour has less importance fur the
newspaper man in England than abroad. The last train
is the point of Interest here. As the hour for that ap-
proaches the names of the sufferers by the collision, of
the speakers for church extension and for church disrup-
tion; the described horrors of the fatal choke damp; an
equal account of the murderous looks and deeds are all
quietly packed up together in little brown paper parcels,
and steam-power is bearing them away towards the sub-
editor's table. Before this London is contributing its
quota. In each law court there is
.a pencil busy in a
note-book, or on the back of a brief; in each police-
court the reporter's box is occupied; in each coruber's
court the ' highly respectable jury' look with surprise
upon the often tattered habiliments of the penny-a-line
representatives of The Papers.' Does an engine rattle
through the alarmed streets? there goes a reporter with
it; dues a gentleman fall down in an apoplectic fit? a
surgeon and a reporter are sure to be ready,—the one
to use every means that medical skill could afford,' and
the other to earn a few shillings by writing a paragraph.
The Court Circular is chronicling the Queen's proceed-
ings; the Morniny Post has its fashionable friend buaziig
about Gunter's to hear of fashionable routs, or about
Banting's to learn full particulars of a fashionable
funeral. Every district has its penny-a-liner; every dis-
aster its historian.

" These minor contributors are not more active than
their superior officers. The editor has been reading
offer the morning papers of London and Paris.; has
glanced at the debates; and mentally arranged many of
his topics for the night's leaders. He has written to
a, me of his literary aids, and received an article from
one, a review trem another, a suggestion from a third,
and he fin sties his breakfast, and goes off to call Lt his
club or oil a political friend—his mind the while shadow-
ing forth the arguments to be employed; the illustrstions
to le used; and thei points to be etude, in the paper of
to-night. The sub-editor, if any remarkable meetings,
or other reports, are:.spitted to come, has been to the
office to consult with the editor, secretary, or other exe-
cutive thry/ight officer of the paper, about t xpres, es or
telegraphs; to talk over the character and usefulness c f
candidates for employment; to discuss suggestions; to
decide who shall attend various meetings in London and
the provinces, and settle the various points w hich con-
stantly arise in the progress of working a daily journal.
"If Parliament is bitting, another large mass of manu-
script is now growing up under the pens of the re-
porters. Fourteen or sixteen of these gentlemen each
in his turn' sits in the gallery of the House, and I,r
three-quarters of an hour, or an hour, according to ar-
rangement, takes his note of the debate. Vyken the

time; of one is up, and his seat at St. Stephen's has been
cocupied by a wow, be basteue write out in

exteno the speeches he bas been listening to. If the de-
bate is prolonged, by the time his first notes have been
prepared he must be rr.ady to go into the House again,
and it sometimes happens that a third turn is taken on
the same night. When the speakers are good, or the
debate irrip,rtant, this combined labour of so many pens
completes a formidable mass of copy.'
"By nine o'clock the editor, the sub-editor, the forei„,em
editor are all busy; the editor with his leaders, the
foreign editor with his Getman and French, and the
sub editor with the mass of multifarious thing: that now
load his table. The law reports being on matters of fact,
and usually prepared by barristers, give little trouble;
but eith this exception, scarcely a line comes to the
sub-editor which does not require preparation at his
hands. Meetings reported to please speakers instead of
the public, railway and commercial statements full of
!erg tabular accounts to be summarised and made read.
able; letters from indignant constant readers,' in which
libels lurk in the midst of long statements of wrongs
endured, or reforms demanded; reports of police courts,
of inquests, of disasters, all a ritten on fliaasy"puper, and
requiring great quickness of eye and mind to decipher
at all; papers from all quer ters of the kingdom; state-
ments of markets, ( f shipping, of bit tits, deaths, and all
other conceivable and inconceivable things, demand Lt-
tendon and preparation for the print, rs, who by
:this
time are ready for the six hours' rapid and skilful labour
that shall convert this muss of contributions of all sizes,
characters, aid qualities into a shapely morning paper.
With the help or an assi,rant or leo, the load rapidly
diminishes, and by midnight 'here is a tolerably clear
table, pre} arafory to the arrival of the late railway dis-
patches. These received, a new labour has often to be
commenced. Although the troublesome search through
tiny county papers has aforded a great quantity of local
news, the late dispatches often bring up much more; the
Irish and Scotch advices come to hand, and with this
addition e f hum- news very often comes a file of papers
from America; from the West Indies; from Brazil; from
France, Germany, or Hamburgh. An hour or two clears
off all these new accumulations, and then the proof
sheets having been attended to, and the place and ar-
rangement of the articles being decided upon; —the num-
ber of leaders, and the number of advertisements set-
tled, the columns calculated, and the decision made as
to what shall appear, and what stand over, the editorial
work of one day is done. By half-past four the paper is
at press, and news-boys and morning mails distribute
the papers to all parts of the country to meet their' con-
stant readers' at breakfast tables, in counting-houses, and
at country fire.sides
" Just as the wet newspaper, fresh from the news- boy,
is being opened at the eight o'clock breakfast table of
the early-rising city merchant, the Dublin correspondent
is again handing his dispatch on board the steamer at
Kingston fur to morrow's journal—and so the twenty-
four hours of a newspaper life are up."
As we have more than once intimated, in our pre-
vious observations, it is fortunate for the author of
these volumes that he repudiated, on :his very title-
page, all intention of assuming to be the annalist of
journalism. His labours, as here collected together in
these volumes, are little better than loose notes,
gathered from a variety of miscellaneous sources
for the benefit of some future historian. For inasmuch
as he has attempted to pioneer the way for his des
tined successor Mr. Knight Hunt must be com-
mended : and, considering the novelty of his subject
and the scattered nature of the materials, it is assu-
redly anything but surprising that numerous parti-
culars of importance have been all but, and some-
times entirely, overlooked. These blemishes upon the
work under consideration are solely attributable, to
our thinking, to the embarrassing amplitude of theme
so large as journalism, and not to any depreciation of
the value of completeness on the part of the com-
piler. The motto selected by him for the title-page
is of itself a sufficient evidence that he has formed
a highl estimate of the importance of the Fourth
Estate, being nothing less than that brilliant sentence
of M. de Tocqueville—" What is it that drops the
same thought into ten thousand minds at the same
moment ?—the newspaper." Perhaps the most feli-
citous remark in the book here submitted to our
criticism is where the author says that a daily news-
paper is "a great mental camera which throws a
picture of the whole world upon a single sheet." With
that admirable epigram upon the literary microcosm
—a newspaper—we bring our comments on the
" Fourth Estate" to a conclusion.

A MONUMENT TO LORD ASHLEY.

(From Punch.)
Yesterday will long 13-1 remembered in the annals of
the libro d'uro of the Beadle of Exeter hall. There never
has been such a meeting in the memory of the oldest
Sabbatarian ; and it was confidently prophesied that
Time may stand upon tiptoe to watch the advent of such
another and never behold it.

It is the peculiar felicity of a grand idea to
beget anumber of smaller notions, bearing some
re-semblance to the original thought. Alike, but
very different. Thus, it was no sooner determined
to erect a monument to the benevolent genius of a great
statesman: of a man who, whilst he patronised the cheap
loaf, did not loftily eschew the patronage of art and
letters—than a monument was determined for his late
Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge; a monument,
as it now appears, put off until next season, in consider-
ation of the calls upon Parliament, by grouse and the
German spas. In the meantime, the architects of
England have until February next to mature their de-
signs for a monument to departed royalty, whose peculiar
goodness it was—boldly avouched Lord Grosvenor—to
have subscribed every minute cf time, and every farthing
of money, towares the necessities of human rature. To
eternise such a fame (when duly proved, as no doubt it
will be when the shooting season ends), will tax to the
highest the creative genius of England's sculptural
worthies. In a while, and progressing at the rate we
have trays lied for the past month, monuments will start
into stony exigence rapidly as mushrooms.
Lord Ashley is to have a monument; and his Lord-
ship deserves one. It was this deep conviction of his
merits—a conviction throbbing at the hearts of his ad-
mits rs—that yesterday filled Exeter hall with the elect
of the wicked city of London, gathered together to pay
homzge to the bold and subtle genius of that " pious
and excellent nobleman," as the limes fleeringly called
him, who " stoke a march upon Parliament" on the day
of the Derby, to shut up the Sunday Post-office; and,
with the dexterity of a professor of the persecuted art
of pea-and-thimble, worked a work of zealous holiness.
The chair was taken by Mr. DE NEWGATE, who
called upon every really pious man with a heart in his
breast and a shilling in his pocket to come forward with
his sixpence. They would build such a monument to
the good intentions of the Noble and Pious Lord, that
?,n admiring posterity should go down upon its knees to
it. Their opponents had flung it in their teeth that a
certain place, to which at that meeting it was not neces-
sary for him more particularly to allude, was paved with
good intentions; he, however, came not there to dwell
upon the enlargement of that pavement, but to propose a
monument to good intentions. Lord Ashley had been
defeated—(Grouns)—wickedly defeated by a mammon-
loving Government; but his Lordship's intentions re-
mained the same: lee would not
,only have gone the
whole hog, but have compelled every man, woman,
and child to wear a Sunday inner garment of its
bristles.—(Cheers )
Mr. SLEEHLOCKS rose to move a resolution. For his
own part, he wished to express to the noble, the heroic,
but defeated Lord, the pious admiration of his disciples
in the most significant and touching material—of course
he meant gold. The iniquitous Sunday letter-delivery
had been stopped. A miner under sentence of death
had been reprieved; but—the mail-bag remaining at the
Post-office—the evil doer was, for the day, kept in igno-
rance of the mercy ; and thereupon had his thoughts
directed as they ought to be; whereas, had the sinful
post run upon that day, the malefactor would have been
rejoicing. Mr. Sleeklocks thought that a handsome
gold inkstand in the shape of a death's bead should be
presented to Lord Ashley in commemoration of his
triumph—a triumph to be renewed next session—
(Cheers)—over the carnal authorities of St. Martin's-
le- G rand.

Mr. Pursrrion thought a lucifer•box, delicately
chased with the armorial bearings of his Lordship,
would—to use the express words of the speaker—" find
an echo in the heart of every genuine Sabbatarian."
Here ensued a long and desultory conversation, which
it is needless to report. We shall therefore omit all
details, coming at once to the determination of the meet-
ing, which was, namely—
To erect, immediately opposite to the Post-office, an
obelisk to the memory of Lord Ashley's fleeting tri-
umph, made of the very best and most enduring black
sealing-wax.

DEATH OF MR. LEY, CLERK •OF THE HOUSE OF
COMMONS.— In our obituary of yesterday we recorded the
death of Mr. John Henry Ley, clerk of the House of Com-
mons, the duties of which office he has executed for the
lengthened period of 29 years. Mr. Ley's connexion with
the House of Commons dates from the 2d of July, 1801,
when the House resolved that, in consi teration of the in-
crease cf the public business, "the clerk of this House be per-
mitted to appoint an additional clerk to assist at the table."
Mr. Hatsell offered this appointment to the subject of this
notice, in consequence of the valuable services of his uncle,
Mr. Ley, who was at that time acting as deputy-clerk of the
House. Mr. J. H. Ley performed the duties of second
clerk-assistant until 1814, when, upon the death of his
uncle, the deputy-clerk, and the promotion of Mr. Dyson to
that office, he succeeded to the office of clerk-assistant, the
duties of which he performed until the death of Mr. Hatsell,
and the expiry of his patent in 1821. Mr. Ley then received
the appointment of the Patent-office as Under-Clerk of the
Parliaments, to attend upon the House of Commons, or, as
the office is usually designated, the Clerk of the House of
Commons. Altogether Mr. Ley has served the House of
Commons without intermission for a period of 49 years.
During the recess Mr. Ley generally resided on his estate
of Trehill, in the parish of Renn, in Devonshire, where he
was much respected. He married on the 23d of October,
1809, Lady Frances Dorothy Hay, the second daughter of
George, seventh Marquis ,of Tweedale, by whom he leaves
one surviving daughter and five sons. Mr. Ley was a bencher
of the Middle Temple, and a magistrate of the county of
Devon.

DEATH OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE ROYAL ACA•
DEMI'. —The much-esteemed President of the Royal Aca-
demy, Sir Martin Archer Shee, F.R.S., died on the 19th
instant, at Brighton, after a long and severe i!lncss, at the
venerable age of 80 years. lle was second son of Martin
Shee, Esq., of Dublin, by the eldest daughter and co-heir of
Francis Archer, Esq., cf the same city, and was grand-
nephew to the late Sir George Shee, first baronet of Du, more.
He married in 179 G the eldest daughter of James Power,
Esq., of Youghal, county of Cork, was elected an associate of
the Royal Academy in 1798, a Royal Academician in 1800,
and was chosen to fill the president's chair on the death of
Sir Thomas Lawrence is 1830, on which election he received
the honour of knighthood. He was an honorary member of
the Royal Hibernian Academy, and of the academies of New
York, Charleston, and Philadelphia ; was author of Rhymes
on Art," " The Commemoration of Reynolds," 4. Masco," a
tragedy; Bic,