The Sun.
London, England, 1850-10-04 00:00:00

0-1/4, re, Alva -

LONDON, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 4, ISSO,

Having observed more than one elaborate attempt
to depreciate the chaucter of the. Magyar revolution by
Maligning its illustrious leader, we would here most
earnestly commend to the scrutiny of the dispassionate
a very remarkable and interesting account of "Louts
KossuTel and his Family," penned by a Hungarian
lady, one CAROLINE MARTON, and now first pub-
lished in the current number of Bentley's Miscellany.
From this authentic narrative it will be discerned
that, so far from the ex-Dictator of Hungary being
a Terrorist, as some have most audaciously insinuated,
his amenity of disßosition has carried him at times
even to an excess of weakness; and that, so
far from his being, as others have yet more
infamously pretended, a dissolute and debauched
Lothario, renderitag his wife miserable by his profli-
gacy, he is a man of the most domestic habits, and
one whose noble qualities have as much endeared him
to his spouse as to his fatherland, and to a vast pro-
portion of his contemporaries. The biographical
chapter in which these facts are recounted is no fan-
ciful sketch, no mere effusion of a romantic enthu-
siasm. It is the truthful emanation of gratitude. It
is the outpouring of a wo:nan's heart, at once gentle
and heroic, ovelflowing with love for the friend, ad-
miration for the patriot, and reverence for the
philanthropist. Toe tribute here offered to
Louts IisO3SUTII by his countrywoman and ac-
quaintance, CAROLINE MARTON, is preceded by a
note sth as must set at nought the incredulity of even
the most pertinacious and bigotted antagonist. This
note is nothing less than a brief prefatory assuracce
of the authenticity of the contribution, from the band
of THERESA PULsKY, the gifted wife of the Hunga-
rian Ambassador, the friend of the Marquis and
Marchioness of LAmix)wNE. And here we must take
Occasion to remark that, notwithstanding the abrupt
defeat of this Magyars, and the consequent dissipation
of all their intoxicating visions of independence,
FRANC:3 PULSKY, the Envoy and Minister Pienipoten-
tide ry to England from the revolutionary Government of
Hungary, has ever since that lamentable catastrophe
been labouring still undauntedly and gallantly in the
CaUSe of his betrayed ceeintry, using in her behalf, at
any rate, the pen of truth, now that the sword of
heroism has been 'broken by the dastard hand of a
traitor. Dejectsd he must have been, almost heart-
broken he must leave been on first hearing of the
utter do,wrifell of his celliegues, when he received in-
telligence of the mordcr of tlea noble BATTUYANI,
and al the generous Zees, and of so many oter dis-
tioeuhbed martyrs of patriotism ; when he
witnessed the ineffsctual slaughter of so many
aspiaante for the etnanciation of the Mag-
yars ; when he saw tise treason of GonG KY,
and heard the rnelanaoly news that li.-ossuTn the
Great and Good, the Avatar of Hungary, the Libera-
tor of the Hungarians, had been compelled (to employ
the elevated phrase of Naror4nors) to close, fur a while
at ltasf, his political career like THEMUTOCLES. Dis-
mayed by this abrupt avalanche of miseries, FRA:N CIS
rulsker was, nevertheless, not disheartened. His breve
t •mperament.and uLconquerahla energy revived alter
the first any of his many and grievous disappoint-
men se ; and, seeing that hie diplomatic duties were
ended eimulteeneously with the incursion of the C
sacks under PASKENVITCII, he saw also that his talents
might be dedicated not ineffsetually to watch over
tee goal name of his race and of its conspicuous
statesmen, and to guard the jtaignient of England, in
reference to that race and to these statesmen, from
being warped by the sophisms and the audacity of
their calumniators. In this labour of love, in this
task, honourable to bias a 3 amen and as a patriot, as a
pelitician and as a contributor to historical literature,
he has been nobly aided by his ardent and gifted
partner—her industry hsaing bean scarcely second to
that of her husband, that industry which we are
here solici.tous, however inadequately, to conitne-
morate. Their native land ground down under
the sanguinary' vengeance of Austri?, their
friends :c.-itteted ah:oed in foreiga ccunti
or worse than the, sl-J, down in the market-
place like military criminals, or hung upon the gal-
lows like convicted felons—Faar;cis PuLsxy and his
lady, THERESA PULsKY, have never during all that
agonizing period of calamity relaxed in their endea-
yours to vindicate the maligned champions of Hun-
gary, and, of course, great t..mongst the great, chief
amongst the chieftains, Louts ii.OESUTH, the ex-
Dictato; of the Revolutionatry Government.
From these antecedents in r,,gard to the
Hureglaism rienitaot.entiary, it becomes interest-
ing to observe at the head of the :ketches to
which we would here direct particular attention)

the declaration formally made by THERESA. PULSKY,
that they " are from the pen of a Hungarian lady
who lived on terms of friendly intercourse with the
family of KOSSUTH." That assurance alone would be
a sufficient voucher for their integrity, did not the
internal evidence offered by the descriptions go far to
corroborate the statement of Mrs. PunsKT. "At
Pesth and Debree zit)," says the latter, " she (CARO-
LINE MARToN) had constant opportunities, during
the great Hungarian struggle fur independence, not only
of forming the personal acquaintance of many of the
most distinguished men remarkable in that period, but
of gaining an insight into the scenes and events in
the midst of which she lived." Consequently any
narrative from her hand must necessarily assume an
irresistible aspect of attraction, even if we were not,
in addition to all this, assured that " her sketches are
drawn with a conscientious regard to accuracy and
truth, however much their colouring may owe to
the enthusiasm of their writer." "As faithful pic-
tures of life," says Mrs. PULSKY in conclusion,
" they will, I have no doubt, be regarded with general
interest." Of this there cannot remain a question,
especially seeing the ardour with which the people
or England sympathise with the cause of the Hunga•
rians—that sympathy having been conspicuously re-
vealed in the charivari accorded to the woman-flogger
HATNAU by the working people of Bankside, by the
generous subscriptions poured in to the relief of
the Magyar refugees, and by the warmth and
unanimity which both the nation and its represen-
tatives in the House of Commons displayed last
session in their estimate of the conduct of Viscount
PALMERSTON. For it cannot be denied that, coupled
with the whole of his gallant and sagacious policy,
the noble speech delivered by that great statesman in
reference to the Hungarian movement went far towards
kin Bing the enthusiasm which led to the triumphant
issue of the motion of Mr. ROEBUCK. Aware of this
ardour, therefore, on the part of the English multi-
tude in behalf of the brave Hungarians—an ardour
in the reasonableness of which her MAJESTY'S
Foreign Secretary most fully and cordially coincides
—we are satisfied that Mrs. PULSKY is right
in thinking that the sketches of " KossuTn and his
Family" here referred to will be " regardsd
with general interest." From these sketches it will be
seen that the character of Lours KOSSUTH is not one
furbished up into evanescent brightness, ve-
neered with superficial virtues, or lacquered with
showy and unmerited panegyric—but that his quali-
ties are those of a real great man, a hero, not of
sham but of reality, an orator, not of words but of
ideas, a conservator of property though a democrat,
a conservator of life though a revolutionist. And
the greatness of this man, though conspicuous, it will
ba seen, from these private and authentic revelations,
is in a great measure inferior to his goodness—a
goodness revealed in his domestic career as a citizen,
and in his public career as a statesman. When
these testimonies to his loveable nature, as well as
to his resplendent genius, have been perused, the reader
will no longer marvel at the earnest pathos of those
sentences with which the Hungarian lady closes her
exquisite tribute to the Hungarian Liberator.

One consolation," bile says, ligh•ens the weight of
misfortune allotted to lioviutb. Torn though he is fLorn
his country, it remains fsithful to him. In spite of uo-
examp!ed severity and of the mo,t jealous wi.tch, cvcry
w-ave ( f the Danube carries messages t f love from
the ilaugarim people to Kossuth's Asiatic prison.
The Hurgari.,n pc•.satits communictite in whispers
the tale of ‘liwsuth's return. The dneger ( f pro-
nouncing his chur6hed name endears it still more.
Whether our trials are to be measured by months ( r by
centuries—whoth(r Eternal Justice grant Kos,uth
return to his country, or doom him to breathe his last
sigh amongst stranger', one thought of prophetic truth
will cheer him—his remains will repose on Hungarian
soil!"

%Vords of affectionate admiration like those are
the sweetest rewards of patriotism, and may go far
even to alleviate the miseries of exile and the sorrows
of a lofty and betrayed ambition.

We have repeatedly directed the public attention
to what had been considered the bold " experiment"
of introducing the Scotch system of banking into the
metropolis. The Royal British Bank was established
for the purpose of supplying a serious want to a
large and influential portion of the community, of
affording much required accommodation to very
many, who had previously been partially excluded
therefrom by the stringent and inflexible regulations
of the existing establishments. It was, unques-
tionably, an " experiment," for no attempt had pre-
viously been made to carry into practical operation,
in London, the principles which had so long been
acted on in Scotland with the happiest results to
all parties connected—to the bankers, who received
fair and remunerative profits on the amount of capital
employed, and to the industrious population of the
country, who were never refused the assistance their
necessities required upon showing the object for
which it was required, and fair security for its repay-
ment. The advantages of good character were in-
deed fully experienced in that country, where " an
honest name was more valuable than coined gold,"
and much of the agricultural and manufacturing
prosperity of the country was owing to the valuable
aid provided by the Scottish banks to the industrious
classes, and to the wide and extended basis on which
credit was placed in North Britain. The "experi-
ment"
was not, however, a vast one ; the clear-
headed and intelligent men who devised the under-
taking plainly perceived that the fundamental prin.
ciplts of trade, and of banking as a branch of
it, are, and must be, the same in the st.uth-
ern as in the northern part of the island,
and that the mode of giving practical effect to
those principles, which proved so sound and bene-
ficial in one portion of the kingdom, could scarcely
fail of success in the others, if judiciously and fairly
tried, They, therefore, unhesitatingly tried the "ex-
periment." The necessary capital was speedily sub-
scribed, a royal charter was obtained, and the Bri-
tish Reek started into existence under the most fa-
vourable auspicea.
It is, we are happy to say, no longer an " experi-
ment." The extraordinary facilities offered by the
new concern were fully appreciated, and an amount
of business was obtained that surpassed the most
sanguine anticipations cf the projectors. Although
thoroughly convinced of the soundness of the
principles on which it was conducted, it could
scarcely be expected that public confidence—a
plant of slow growth, easily retarded—would have
immedi6tely been obtained; it was so, however.
Numerous customers tkclit d to tl.e bank ; several
branches have been opened in districts much requiring
the accommodation, and the concern was plt.ccd upon
a substantial foundation, that at once placed it on a
footing with the oldest end best regulated establish-
ments. The monthly statement cf the liabilities and
assets, which were freely rendered, showed a steady
and rapid pri•gressicn, that must have prc,ved most
satisfactory to the managers, the shareholders, and
the clients of the bank.

The board, however, do not merely continue to
afford the facilities which it promised to its cus-
tomers. It c xhibits a laudable anxiety to extend
them wherever it can do so with safety. It will not
permit itself to be trammelled within the narrow
bounds of former usages whenever an opportunity is
shown by which it can take a step in advance of its
conternpraries. A notification has just been pub-
lished of its intention to introduce a new feature in
banking, so simple and safe to the bankers, and at the
same time so advantageous to the customers, that it
is only astonishing that it should have been so long
disregarded. Lideed, the absence of such a regula-
tion can only be ascribed to the holy horror of all
modern innovations, for which the great msjority of
the banking community are so conspicuous. The
diredtors announce that, " ith the view of affording
depositors with the Royal British Blnk the means
of making their deposits therein available and useful
to them at all times and in all places, either for the
purpose of immediate payments or of guarantees fur
the performance of future obligations, the Court of Di-
rectors have resolved to avail themselves of the privilege
of their &chafer, by which, pursuant to the statute
of the 7th and Bth Vic., c. 113, they are empowered
to make and issue promissory notes on behalf of the
corix:ration. They intend these notes for the use of
such depositors as may prefer the same to the ordi-
nary pass-hooks, or of any other persons who racy
desire to purchase such bills for remittances or other
objects in business. The notes will, at the option of
the depositor or purchaser, be fur any sum in pounds
not under five, and payable at any date not exceeding
months to the party receiving the same, or his nomi-
nee, and to the order of the nominee. They will be

transferable by endorsation, and, of course, negotia-
ble ; and the corporation may, ul:der the sta-
tifw (iEction 22), sued thereon a 3 fully
as in the case of any contract made and
entered into under the common seal.' They will
bear interest, or the same will, at the option of the
depositor or purchaser, he paid in advanc, at the date
of issuing. The rates, for the present and until fur-
ther notice, will be for all periods from two to four
months, one per cent. ; from four to six months, two
per cent. ; and for six months, three per cent. per
annum ; and on all notes of six months, and for sums
of 1001. and upwards, the stamp duty will be paid by
the Bank."

It is impossible not to perceive the beneficial re-
sults that will follow this step, which must speedily
be imitated by other establishments. A person pro-
vidcd with notes of this description will have an un-
questionable guarantee for any transaction in which
he may be engaged. Many persons would refuse to
accept cheques from a perfect stranger who would
gladly receive a bank bill. Persons going to the
country to make purchases were, therefore, obliged
to draw out their money, and to carry it with them
in the form of bank notes, which was attended with
considerable inconvenience, so far as the banking ac-
count was concerned, particularly in establishments
where interest on balances were allowed, and
also with danger o► loss of the entire money,
from the numerous depredators who lie in
wait for the unwary. It will also form an excel-
lsnt and unexceptionable mode of transmitting money
by post. We can see no possible objection to the
practice which will enable parties, while they have
money lying in the banks, to carry distinct and un-
questionable evidence thereof along with them,
which can be negotiated at any moment without risk
to the party accepting the security, and which, unless
used, will not disturb the banking account. The di-
rectors of the Royal British Bank have thus acquired
ail additional claim upon the gratitude of the mer-
cantile and trading community of the British
metropolis.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC

We have received the Paris journals of yesterday.
The PRESIDENT of the Republic reviewed the troops
at Versailles on Wednesday. The following is the
semi-official notice of the review :
The President of the Republic, notwithstanding the
tad weather, went yesterday to Versailles to pass a re-
view i❑ the Plaine de Satory. He was accompanied by
the Minister of War, by Gencral Changarnier, Com-
mander-in-Chief of the First Military Divisicn, and by
General Roguet, his Aimee-de-Camp. The troops con-
sisted of txo brigades, one under the orders of Genf ral
Renaud, comprising the 14th and 37th Regiments, and
the 3d Chasseurs a Pied ; the other, under General
Sauboul, the 24th and 27th Regiments, and the 10. h
Chasseurs a Pied ; each brigade was accompanied by a
battery of artillery. General 'l,leuwayer commanded in
chief. The troops manoeuvred with admirable precision.
After the review the President gave a collation to tie
officers and non-commissioned officers, and caused 13,01)0
rations to be distributed to the soldiers. The President
was received with great enthusiasm by the troops and by
the :pectat.)rs. Tto President returned to Paris at
about five o'clock. M. Horace Vernet wes pre:::sut at
the review."

The Opinion Publique and the other Legititntitist
journals, which are under prosecution for the repub-
lication of the article which appeared in the Corsaire
en the suhket of the conduct of the PREiIDENT in
treating the soldiers, reiterate their remarks on the
uubject, ...nd declare that they will not be deterred
from speaking out by prosecutions or threats of pro-
secutions. The Ordre, which is the organ cf the
Orleanist party as represented by MM. TIHERS and
ODILLON BARROT7 and which is as averse to Legitimacy
as it is to Imperieslim, has the following on what
certainly looks more like an attempt to tamper with
the fidelity of the army (if we admit the truth of the
statement of the Ordre) than anything that has yet
occured. The Ordre says—
" At the first review at Versailles the 621 Regim"mt
of infantry ha 3 just received orders to leave the garri-
son of Versailles for distant quarters; it is known that
the regiments take their turn in coming to Paris, where
Fay is higher and the residence mere desired. The 62d
lad already filled a period of three years, from 1842
to 1845—it was amongst the most ancient of those
in garrison in the Ist division, it had then naturally
received from the Minister of War an order of de-
parture. During the defile at the review this regi-
ment cried unanimously, not ' Viva Napoleon,' but
Vive l'Emparcur.' Another regiment, less ancient than
the 621, namely, the 4th, had cued but little during the
defile. It has been ordered to leave Paris for Lisle in
place of the 62d, which has just been ordered back in
place of the 4th. An order of departure given to a regi-
ment Lefore a review, and revoked subsequently to it, is
roaietbing unusual; another regiment, sent to the pro-
vinces in place of one more ancient, is something extra-
ordinary. It was on the very eve of the day fixed for
its departure that the 62d received the counter order to
remain, and that the 4th received use xpectedly the
order w leave on the following day. The favoured regi-
ment is the one that shouted, and the disgraced regiment
the one that did not shout. The public, which has fol-
lowed with great attention the details of review, has
test much uneasiness at the attitude of each regiment—
the public draws from the fact we have just described,
as well as from others that preceded it, the consequences
which they irresistibly suggest."

The di;ision in the Leiitimatist camp, occasioned
by the issue of the Wiefbaden circular, still con-
tinuel, and M.- DE LAROCEIFJAQ,UELIN has addressed
the following " confidential" letters to several of his
friends, for the purpose of accurately explaining Lis
reasons fur adopting the line of proceeding he has
done:--

" (CONFIDENTIAL.)
" Paris, Sept. 29, 1850.
" Sir,—The noise of the deplorable discussions which
I have had to support has, no doubt, already reached
and I must submit to
them
well understand them.
you.t
the yreasons sofrme ym yconduct, ;in order that they rn3y
" The clearness of the declarations contained in the.t
Opi* lore Publ;que, and in the Union, no longer permit
me to hesitate. The circular is at the pitsent day the
avowed work of the persons who have taken the cullee-
tive name of M. do Barthelemy. These journals an-
nounce that it will not be diqsvowed by th( rn.
"It is of importance to me, above all things, clearly to
establish my position in your eyes. Have I not, during
five we( ks, done all in my power to destroy the re-
ports of divisions between us ? I knew, never-
theless, that my proposition cf an appeal to
the nation' was not understood, and Ras not ep-
proved. I knew that the men who represented a policy
nbich
aliygedf°re"ewtOdnewwedreutihe°sn; bc'uurteld R'''•a'isthfa6r
eln
chea had nothie ha
01 wb
from suspecting the publication, even by way of confi-
dence,' made to thousands of persons, of that circular
which has so greatly afflicted us. I bad determined on
obeying every direction which would not compromise
the principles which aae those of France. But who has
broken that truce of silence which I had faithfully re-
spected? Can the responsibility of that division Ise im-
puted to me? Does it not belong entirely to those who,
since the coo:menet:tricot of the month cf. September,
have sent it into all the department:, into Belgium, into
Germany, and who have had it published in the provin-
cial journals several days before I knew of it?
(_.

.•
" I have committed the error, they say, of opposirg
that ci:cular; I ought to have supported it, without
complaining of the painful attacks coetaiced in it, and
which we:e so evident!) directed against rue.
" I bliouid certainly have done so if I was the onl3
one corc,rned; but sifter the first moments of a
too just conLternation, I thought that the flag of
the national Lavieg b, 4 n thrown into the
enema's camp by Lends which were at least
imprudent, I ought to devote myself to go and
recover it, and to place it mice more in the hands of the
Prince to whom it helot gs. I fully expected the conro-
quenees of this sacrifice, and accordingly no pain h,s
b: en spared to me. What would have arriv:d if no one
had sacrificed himself ? Now that this noble flag is
once more raised, it does nut depend upon m© to deter-
mine if is is to be f 'flowed I
"I have for a long time past suffered too much; I have
acquired too sal an experierce to think of even taking
the place of anybcd) ; but I cannot consent to folion
those who raise a new party, which I have never known,
and which compromises the name of the august Prince,
by attributing languagt t him so wide from that which
I have heard from his lips.
" Persons hope to mix up a re:sonal question with
the highest political ores in the discussion which still
continue. I hear the objection without ceasing, and
solely made, of the appeal to tha netio.i, and the choice
of the confidants of the Count de Chambord. Most cer-
tainly, the Prince has en undoubted right to placa his
confidence where he thinks fir; and besides, those per-
sons who have been named hale each their own species
of importance.
" The appeal to the nation was not o doctrine, was
not a system; it was a means—nothing more, nothing
less. It eirended no person, no principle; it in no re-
spect implied the negation of the sacred rights of tratli-
Lon. The means in question might no d:•ubt be con-
sidered bad; any
one could undoubtedly form that
opinion of them; but I have neither said nor written
anything which authorises a condemnation of doctrine?.
Have I not lately, again,
in the tribune mainte.incd the'
principle that there arc no right.; ageinat right?' I de-
sired to bring to a close the ecittested point which has
disturbed the world for the list sixty years. I wanted,
as I stated, to reestablish by the rational content the
ietimate and necessaey union it the rights of rho nation
and the rights of the King; for, bar Lids well in mind,
I never—although bad faith pretends to the contrary—
propostd that the principle of Legitimacy should be ptit
to the vote.

" The appeal to the naticn wal not a royal question.
That question belw.ged to Prance, which tutfeis aid
which d, ries that her revolutions were tree an:i ss ell-
considertd Leta of her will. In monarchical principle,
the King cannot be a luEt?r of contestati, n; be does
not b::long to iiimseV; he is the sacred depositary of
beknging t) the nation. The hereditary prin-
ciple is one of those rights. I have never forgotten that
such is the ease.