The Sun.
London, England, 1844-07-16 00:00:00

AFFAIRS OF PORTUGAL.

LesnoN, JULY B.—With regard to the project of loan which
forms one of the conditions on which the tobacco contract is
to be auctioned, it would be very unjust for capitalists to
permit themselves to be prejudiced by the recent conduct of
Spain in annulling a similar contract. While in Spain the
tobacco revenues were for the first time let out to contrac-
tors, having previously been collected by the State, in Portu-
gal contractors have always had their management. But
the faith, of contracts has, here been, for the most part, faith-
ftilly obServed, and the principal and interest of a debt thus
secared upon the tobacco revenues themselves would be in-
violably secure under all Governments. The break-down of
their tobacco enterprise in Spain gives probability to the sup-
position that Messrs. Rothschild will successfully compete
for this contract in Portugal. The financial prospects of the
country never assumed so definite a shape as at present.
Five per cent. reduced in the expenditure of the State, and
5 per cent. added to the great bulk of its income, which will
be immediately carried into effect, and is sure of approval in
the Cortes, amounts to a substantial increase of one-tenth in
the entire revenue ; and the additional half per cent. in the
dit'idend on the foreign debt, payable .a year hence, becomes
easily practicable. The receipts of the Lisbon Custom-house
for the year ending the 30th of June, 1843, were 1,9741 contos,
and those of the year ending the 30th of June, 1844, have
been 2,259 contos, showing a clear gain to the revenue in
this single branch to the extent of 2841 contos, or 64,2971.
By comparative maps which have been presented to the
Queen, the receipts of the Sete Cases (Excise) for the past
year exceeded those of the previous year by 67 contos, and
the receipts of the Oporto Custom-house exceeded those of
the previous year by 283 contos, being a gain to the Trea-
sury of about 79,0061 The entire Customs and Excise re-
ceipts of Lisbon and Oporto exceed those of the previous year
by the enormous amount of 634 4-5 contos, or 143,4641.—an
increase owing almost entirely to a vigilant superintendence
pervading every nook of these establishments. This im-
provement will aid materially in carrying out the new finan-
cial projects.'
The Queen has come in from Cintra.
Senior Cabral's operations against the newspaper press are
now as follows :---In the jury list which he has made out for
these three months, and which is composed of seventy indi-
viduals, figure fifty-nine Government employes. A full exer-
cise of the right of challenge cannot fail to leave a majority
of emplor's on the jury; and the Opposition papers, which
will doubtless all be immediately tried, have every chance of
being convicted, and mulcted in heavy fines besides incarce-
ration. If this does not gag them, a Star Chamber is next to
be substituted for a jury selected fairly from the country, the
said• Star Chamber to be composed of judges and official per-
sons. This is, the undoubted arrangement by which freedom
of thought is to be, cherished in this land of liberty.
Baron Tojal is on the point of concluding an operation with
the Bank for the advance of sufficient money to cover the
expenses of the State till the meeting of the Cortes.
A dispatch from the Portuguese. Plenipotentiary in Rime
announces that the Pope has consented to the entire sup-
pression of the' dispensed holidays in Portugal, to a diminu-
tion in the number of those which must still be strictly ob-
served, and to a tranbference of the festivals of the patron
saints of churches in all cases to the Sundays. The requisite
brief will be immediately forwarded.
The grape crop is so advanced that its quality for the
coming season may with tolerable safety be predicted. The
weather for many weeks past has been at times broken, and
almost always cloudy, while the heats have been very mode-
rate. If the advent of the genuine summer is much longer
delayed, the grapes will be seriously injured ; but it is pro-
bable that we shall have sufficient heat for the purpose of
ripening, and the fine weather seems to have now set in.
The fruit is fully formed, and all that is required is sun to
swell it with succulent juice.
The commerce of Oporto and Lisbon was never in a state
of greater depression than it is at present. Outrages against
property are now of daily occurrence throughout the wine
districts of the north of Portugal, and the robbery of churches
is again resorted to. There are likewise numerous commer-
cial failures. The extensive and respectable house of Martin
and Douglas has failed at Lisbon and Oporto to a large amount.
They were general merchants, and established some time
since a foundry at Oporto, which is said to have chiefly in-
volved them. Amongst the other failures are two very bad
ones. Domingos de Almeida Ribeiro has had his failure pro-
nounced fraudulent by the Tribunal of Commerce, and J.
Baptista Medico, who fled from the town a few days since,
indebted to the merchants there some 40 contos (near 10,0001.),
was pursued to Vigo, but was found to have 'sailed for Eng-
land in the packet. The depression in the wine trade is im •
mense, and unless the tariff convention is concluded with
England, the ruin of the export trade is expected.

NATURAL HISTORY.— A correspondent residing
near Barjarg village has been kind enough to corn
municate the following eye witnessed particulars. On
Wednesday last, while a farmer was engaged with his
workpeople in the open field, a sparrow-hawk all
of a sudden pounced upon a little bird, fell-
ing, rather than killing it in the first instance,
by a single stroke of its reaver wing. After a brief
pause the quarry was lifted and hoisted aloft to be
leisurely devoured at some other spot ; but just at this
juncture t.vo brace of lapwings, alarmed for the safety of
their own young, opportunely appeared and attacked the
hawk so furiously, that, during the melee, the hedge-spar-
row, or stone•chatterer, dropped lightly to the ground,-
and might have escaped ultimately, but for another curious
incident. During the battle in the air a corbie crow,
which happened to be passing, wheeled slowly and mo-
tionlessly leant on the breast of the sky to await the
issue ; and, on observing the hawk worsted, and its
prisoner relieved, it fancied there was something
going in its own line of business, stooped as directly
as a body of some weight, cleaving the sky,
and recaptured the prize its cousin-german had
missed. But again the valorous lapwings were up and
doing, and assailed so hotly the new invader of their
peaceful domain, that the affrighted little bird was a
second time relieved. But the respite was brief ; for
after the lapwings had retired to their respective nests,
the crow, watching an opportunity, stooped afresh, and
eventually carried off its prize.—Dan!fries Courier.
HORRIBLE ACCIDENT.—A most heart-rending and
fatal accident happened on Monday to a lime-burner em-
ployed at the Southwick lime-kilns, near Sunderland. The
poor man, whose name was Bell, went on to the top of one of
the kilns when it was burning. When standing on the stones
about the centre of the kiln, the burning mass beneath him
suddenly gave way, and he sank up to the shoulders in the
" furnace of fire." In this position he remained for a short
time in the greatest agony, till his limbs and body were so
burnt as to cause his death. A rope having been fastened
round the upper part of his body, he was with difficulty
dragged out, when his mangled remains presented a most
horrible spectacle—appalling even to contemplate. The un-
fortunate man has left a widow and large family to mourn his
truly melancholy death.—Durham Advertiser.

COURT CIRCULAR,
WINDSOR, MONDAY.--The Queen and Prince: Albers,
accompanied by the Prine.,•ss Royal, took an airing tvre.
morning in the open p )ny carriage in the pleasn
grounds of the Castle.
Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales sarild.
ttiO Princess Alice were taken a drive in 'an °Peri c
riage in the forenoon. . .
• His Royal Highness Prince Albert,
Colonel Bouverie, Equerry in Waiting, insVeted iiii
regiment (the Scots Fusilier Guards) this morning
the Great Park. lier
Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent visited
Majesty to-da. • o• l'ot
The Earl of .Morton left the Castle this n-.or.iin,
London. oke
attendA hbis
Their Royal Highnesses the Hereditary Grand -tile
and Duchess Of Mecklenburg!, S:relitz „rrived at 1
Castle from town, on a visit to the Queen, at six (I:clic he
this evening. Their Royal Highnesses: travelled Lid
Great Western Railway. ' a Sir
e Countess Delawarr, Lady Mary West, MI 000,
Henry Wheatley, arrived in the coarse of the aft
at the Castle, on a visit to her 151ajesty ' ' t toolc
In the afternoon the Queen and Prince Albert.
an airing in an open pony carriage, the Prince driviicrjeo
The Viscountess Jocelyn and the Hon. Miss Lirritir
followed in another open carriage ; and the Equ•o4l
Colonels Buckley and Bouverie, attended her Micti
and his Royal Highness on horseback. The royal r
returned to the Castle shortly bef bre six o'clock. 0,
The Royal Family were taken airings in the afterl!°°oo
Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Dent toog
airing in a carriage in the afternoon. . . is el°.
The royal dinner party at the Castle this ev°lloo
eluded her Royal Highness the Duchess-of h'enc'e LI&
Anna Maria Dawson, the Countess Wratislaw, .4.4r0g0
and Very Rev, the Dean of Windsor, the Hon. -
Jocelyn, and Major-General Wemyss.

The Hereditary Grand Duke and Duchess of -t
leriburg Strelitz left town yesterday afternoon, el?„°°,e• sic.
o'clock, for Windsor Castle, on a visit to her nil's;
The Grand Duke and Duchess travelled by the
Western Railway. v.oil 006
A deputation from the Joint-stock Banks or 701 i,
consisting of Messrs. P. M. Stewart, nr.,_ Gil
Collett, M.P., William Ilawes, Morley, WebsterAsit
Bart, Pollard, and Vile, had an interview -with :13-ini
Peel, yesterday, at his official residence, in 1)°"--,,seol
street. The Chancellor of the Exchequer .was
at the interview. • cO.
A deputation, respecting West India interestStAl
sisting of Messrs. Barge, Colvi!e, Cave, C. 31r4rfreli4
MacoTegor, M'Chlery, and Barkly, bad an idatei,
witCL.9rd Stanley at the Colonial-office, jester
M. Fortigue, the Venezuelan Minister, It°
business yesterday at the Foreign-office. es.
Dispatches were received at the Colonial-off'
terday, from the Governors of Canada and Gibr9r
Mr. Beckett, M.P. for Leeds, and a numerous "e/Poto
tion, had an interview with Mr. Gladstone at the
of Trade yesterday on the subject of Canals. ctaslel
Mr. C. Marryatt had an interview with Lord P
yesterday at the Colonial-office.
Dispatches were sent out yesterday from the '
office to the Governor of Van Diemen's Land. at
001001'
Mr. and Mrs. Stewart Mackenzie have arrived irk
1, Se
ranee's Hotel,Ngrave-square, from A ldborouPt

• . o
SPORTING IN TELLIGE-I.TL‘ "rix
TATTERSALL'S.—YESTERDAY.
THE LIVERPOOL CUP.
6 to 1 agst Lord Maidstone's The Caster.—talcel/
7 to 1 agst Mr. Johnstone's The 'Era
7 to 1 agst Lord Chesterfield's The Poor Soldieo
7 to 1 agst Mr. Jaques's Briti*Yeoman-'.--taV
9 to 1 agst Mr. Meiklatn's AriStotle
10 to 1 agst Lord Eglinton's Pompey—taken
12 to 1 agst Duke of Richmond's Red Deer
100 to 6 agst Mr. Jones's British Tar-=taken
17 to I,agst Mr. Mei klam's" Th e llestsof Three
18 to 1 agst Lord Milltown's Scalteen—taken
20 to 1 agst Mr. E. J. Irwin'S Mickey Free
20 to 1 agst Mr. Creath's The Nei11....
Formidable as the above list appears,' and it
within two or three of all that .re Ike): to r;',
were not more than five hacked :se-rtini-lyi
Caster and The Poor &Mkt.; bOth freely
Yeoman, chiefly at 6 to 1, hut at a slight dec'
before the close of the ro int; The .lEra (no frieneo,
the first half-hour) and l'empey. The investo
-the other horses quoted were in ,mall amotints.
GOODWOOD STAKES.
5 to 1 agst Mr. Wreford's Franchise
10 to 1 agst Lord G. Bentinck's Croton Oil
12 to 1 agst Lord Chesterfield's Parthian
15 to 1 agst Mr. Irwin's Pride of Kildare-r-ta'cte
17 to 1 agst Duke of Richmond's The Currier
18 to 1 agst Lord Exeter's Elegance filly—take'
18 to 1 agst Mr. Shelley's Lucy Banks—taken
20 to 1 agst Mr. Meiklam's Pou hl.lssiir. t
Mr. Wreford's mare was in great force, -,451
other respect did the betting possess the; gig-
terest. .

GOODWOOD CUP.
2 to 1 agst Mr. Salvin's Alice Hawthorn
a to 1 agst Mr. Bell's The Squire—taken
8-to 1 agst Lord. Verullides-Robert de Gorl3o 4
fr
10 to 1 agst Mr. Herbert's Antler. 11(11h
Layers of the odds against Alice Haw' 110,A ,v
plenty of takers of them about Robert de oio
the Squire. It is said that Robert de GoOlij
sent to Liverpool to obtain the Whs. allowlnce.

BT. LAGER.
7 to 2 agst Mr. Sahjn's "The Cure—taken
7 to 1 agst Lord Stanlei's Itburiel—taken
7 to 1 agst Colonel Anson's The Princess
....110
8 to 1 agst Mr. John Day's The Ugly Buck
10 to 1 agst Mr. John Scott's Bay Momus—tat,'
----- - - - •

12 to 1 aist Mr. Irvine's Foig-a:ballagh.-
We understand that there are nearly 200 non'o'fl
for the Derby, and upwards of 140 fur the Oaks nor
the greatest number ever known. and a clear Prvid
the late wholesale exposures have nut had a 1101
effect on the turf. The Ascot and other Sta
also filled satisfactorily. -

LLOYD-'S SHIPPING. ad
LONDON, JULY 15.—Wind W. S.W., fresh breezes'fliV
CLYDE, JULY 11.—Arrd. Licaio, Rugby, Chili ineo,ff
and Oxford, Niramichi. Ski. St. Vincent, Brown, YA.
Gertrude, St. Stephen's, New Brunswick; -Bono"'
foundland. 101's
HOLYHEAD, JULY 13.—Arrd. Ariel, Liverpool, fut

leaky.
n bee',
WATERFORD, JULY 11.-A TM, Boliva, •
~n.f
Elizabeth, Do.; Russia, New York. Off, Eliza,
Monarch, Restigouche ; Trader, Quebec.
BOSCASTLE, JULY I2.—The Spriegflower, froalther
arrived off here, dragged her anchors and went 0,0 the
but has been got off and_ broiight to the back 0'
with damage to her bottom._ 05

-.EDCAry JULY 13.—The Monica and the .ts-
Rochester, got on the rocks off this port to-daY,
been gOt off, and proceeded without assistance. Condor,,
DEAL, JULY 13.—Arrd. Fawn, South Seas ; 04;
Rico for Bremen ; Hopewell, Hoscason, Jarnal pi•
Gray, Carnaby, New York ; _Veracity, Pugwash• 4161
Cape of Good Hope. -14.—1 t blew a strong basis
night, and to-day from W. to W.S.W. and W.N•W''
6 P.m.,moremoderate.-=-The Centurien, for Sierra Leo,
back, and has proceeded' to Ramsgate with drung
been in contact with a brig. 115
LIVERPOOL, JULY 13.--Arrd. Acadia, steamer, "
Boston, in nine and a half days, from Halifax. loth'
OFF DUNGENESS, JULY 13 —Zorgoland, Canton,
terdarn.
PORTSMOUTH, JULY 14.—Wind siflu-
llr
Gladiator, London to New. York ; Trusty nn,:ieti'r
Quebec. Off, London,- New Orleans; Owen
f
London for Bengal. - off, t'
o
DARTMOUTH, JULY 13.—The smack John Bar'f
Lfe
port, was run into, and receiVed considerable' darn°'
foreign brig Maria Sophia. 7 Mt" •I' •
RAMSGATE, JULY 13.—Arrd. Leopold 1.,
Trieste, with damage, having been in contact W"
off Dungeness. Ar 4.
DEAL, JULY 14.—Wind- strong.":„ C
George, Demerara ; Imogene, :Tagus, St. Lucia ;
Dominica; London, Freeman, Jamaica.
HULL, JULY 12.—S1d. St. Spyree and Young
Ichaboe.

VICTORIA THEATRE'
A dramatic version of Mai tin Chuzzlettla 0,1
duced at this theatre last evening a ith very'
'the adapter has fllowed ttie novel very c'"
leo
the adaptation does great crt dit to his t' i%'
from scenes are, in fact, a series of tableaux from
G • ef
trations, and are admirably got up. The clisy.
lent. Miss Vincent as ) oung Bailey, and Mr• dh'e
as Mrs. Sairey Gamp, were fir,t-rate. 1:40r):
Chuzzlewit of Mr. Osbaldiston, and the Tio
of Mr. James Vining, were also excellent; '10,0"
J)ale, as the moral recicsniff, was the verY 16
hypocrisy. The house was, as usual, crowded'"

- - —
POLYTECHNIC INSTITU
'
DR. POTTS' INVENTION OF SUBMARINafie
TIONS FOR BREAKWATERS, L1GHT110,1,9,5!0,1
A Lecture was delivered at this Institution, c'vevtif
evening by Dr. R,yan, illustrative of Dr. Potts' roc tirefip
tion for driving piles by means of atmospheric Presssolij
to form foundations for breakwaters lighthouseN
tuations in which it has, hitherto, been difticult't -01117,,
possible to build them, in consequence of the want
foundation whereon to erect- the superstructure• tea v`cd,
purposes to have piles of iron, or of wood, constrac.ree
covering the top with an air cap ; the pile, thus rbidej hp
placed in the situation -and direction in 'lot
to be driven into the ground. The air is exlaftlielito,
series of ingenious contrivances from the interior °reel
pile, and by the pressure of the atmosphere it is f°o.ittg,
place. The interior of the pile is supplied withi,
a reservoir which keeps the soil within the Pm
of mechanical suspension,_and:as the pile si,l/ ,ei'Otri
rises through the pile bead, into the receiver,
the
Or,eo;
it can be removed at any time -at the will of tos
Dr. Ryan stated a number of inenious contrivar4icli '4O
by Dr. Potts, to obviate particular difficulties
arise from the state of the soil, &c., in various 1?:7010,,f
Potts has applied this principle to the constructit'oe
which can be sunk by means of atmospheric pre'"nplicf'
j;f
a depth as to form a solid foundation. By the. utro by 6-F
various cements these-caissons -can be turned y
The lecture, which was most lucidly delivered :-:/theo,
was illustrated by various experiments, show'fi'ettl
of pile driving, &c., according to Dr. Potts' 11),, Ivo ;
Potts has been examined before the CommissiolliOtijeir,,,
of Refuge, and the Commissioners have express,eu opir
bation of his plan, which has also met with Wet,.
several gentlemen of highscientific acquirement

. _
SOLDIER KILLED.-=On Tuesday nightl
ten and eleven o'clock, it melancholy accidn26tll,4Po
at the Castle. John Dow, a private in the(„tos_„l`o,,/'
ment, who had be. n-obse. ved to he someo'hat„.'ftrrinlPe.
it al.pears endeavoured to escape from the Pot °per,
descending the rock oppo,ite to West Fort; ,e
point the rock is almost perpendicular, 9j° °
nate man fell to the Castle Road, and Iva& /‘1 100011
spot.— Scotsman. re rif
HARVEST.—Both wheat and barley itnr,
exceedingly well, and promise an excellent crop,
5i,;(
an early harvest. The spring corn, for vi"je-rtlo;iej?,,
alarm was felt a few weeks since, has 1011 t 1.15 019
proved in every quarter. Many farmurs
bourhood will begin liarve,tin next wee
Gazette.

•••*•••''''''''''

riinca
)k an airinb;
in the plea°

of Wales
-
it,an open

ttend3a
4 Wed hi:

Kent visited bet

woraing

Grand 1)111'e
ry,at tbe
arrive.
n, at ,ix -:Abe
travelled
Via

sir
• West, ona
of the aftern'T
tonee Albertno,
Prince dricrjell
on. Miss 'lcries'
1 the Equ- jet/
ded her bi,ear'y
The royal
o 9 lock. 00,
„
in the aRe k
gent too

oJ
this evcri
Tient, fp
Ltislaw, tbs.eirstil
le Hon- "-

obos ofd
moon, OW 11,,
r AliV?
to her 6
d .by the

o A°l
;units
r
w." 31,
Nirebgergirli,
ew
ce, in DI 501
ue'r -was 're
cor
a interests, to,
C. 31.rrfief
i'aa
an wet
ye_
sterdiP
Titer, trams

ley
;nial„..-o.ffitdcoeito.,l
and tir'u'llPti
ituneron&
)ne at the
nals. code
ith Lord
.1.

Co
om the
Land. _,fl
'e arrived,*o
lborOugh,u
GrENC
RDA V.

ster—taken
ts
ke
Dor Soldier'

—taken
Deer
taken
of Three
—taken
Free

OP'
s, and •
rum „ d 11'
kely to
1/41`pril,
freely ; „,,ej
light de d;
(no frien
,f• investwe

MOil ❑ tS.

n Oil
i an
a re-r-t a" tggd
Currier--
en
11 ly—talt
s—taken

fthre7l:light°

torn
alien I
e Ciorheali

too
navy'
d Goy frIP
Goxio
)w4nce.

taken
taken
icess
y Tuck en
rn us— t

gh.
900 n°"'.o
he Oaks °of
clear polio
had a Prkeejs
cher So'

[NG.
h breezes,ooo
Chili ;,eive.
Brown, Va,

:.rpool, for

Q„ebe;,
S 5

er,
went on ihe
back of
, DeV
e Isabebtat
to-dnY, f;
nce.
oo jorp
C
:easja;tvaico,fl',
igwasii• ~slt 0,1
strong 4,t
NyW., DF4
Terra
dainabet y.

ifa%. fof
I, Cant°'

squad
isty
Owen v

%t
Barro,,,
;le dao)3b"
1,01
tact Willi
__4„rrtgti
[la;
trong.- v
• Jean

Erb'
Young