The Sun.
London, England, 1850-11-13 00:00:00

" AGRICULTURE AND COMMERCE.

" To extend improvements, to remedy public suffering,
is the duty of the Administration of Agriculture and
Commerce. The crisis which weighs down our agricul-
ture invites all our solicitude; the extent of the evil would
have rendered the resources at the disposal of the Go-
vernment insufficient if it meant to make general appli-
cation of them, It has appeared more useful to localise
their employment. Purchasers of grain for the military
and naval service in those markets where the depreciation
was most felt have relieved local distress by imparting
firmness to them. Although the harvest of 1850 did
not come up to the hopes entertained of it, it, however,
leaves no fear for the supply of the country.
" The reduction in the price of grain would not fail to
produce a corresponding depression in the cattle markets.
" The Administration of Agriculture will neglect
none of the means which can favour the breeding of
cattle. The cattle shows have also received this year
considerable development. Besides local shows others
have been opened at Nismes, Aurillac, Saint Lo, and
Bordeaux, and a general show at Versailles, more espe-
cially reserved for the improvements of the breed. Nu-
merous cultivators who have come from all parts of
Frarco to Versailles proved some few days back the
utility of this institution.
" The breed of horses is much improving, and pre-
sents satisfactory results. The admioi.tration of studs,
has well merited of agriculture and of the
"Theand t hi
nesi
tri
tvuatliuoen has
of
rautiegeras ehustse da.h
which proceeds with an order aid a regularity worthy of
all praise,
army. The number of horses has increased in the coun-
try,quired considerable
extent this year. In the whole of the country a sum of
800,000 f. has been applied to them. As the portion of
State only amounts to 300,000 f, in this Stlll3, it is evident
that the local authorities have afforded them a powerful
co-operation.

"The practice of agricultural proceedings has made
such progress as by its iinportance to rise to the height
of a real revolution in politico-economical matters. In
the course of the present session the Government will
bring before the Assembly measures tending to give
development to the practice of irrigation: It will
call your attention to the modes of drainage vvbich
are in England the object of such extemsiiiti enzoitrage-
men'. A bill will also be submitted to you relativei
to the use of artificial manures. The remarkable
methods for cultivating, cleaning, and
preparingelflaa Ireland,
which have just been introduced into England,
and Belgium, could not but attract the atttheonrtoioungholif the
Government. It ha hcd the subject thoroughly in-
squubirmedittiendtot,oayndouthine retshueltszoxfpt/is
Government. It has had the subject
Oft of a Bill
from
fwieheicinhgwfirllombealslubematirtatendeetoduytoyutxr a
etchde
coming
gose of
Riga.
The p2altlYti ihtormation acquired
matters 1.7. dissenting:ld amongst the
youngest
and model
the pormiation by means of regional in e
st agriculturalclasses
of
s
'terms;
men best capable
deexsamMinatl°ll will
b•
e
publicstion of reports emanating
of giving them. , . .
tintry has in general
" The ihilustrial situation of the co
6d with 1849. and amongst the agriculturfirsotiusB themselves by the
improved in 1850, even when corapati. .
I, bt a in thko boiirso of
Al-
most everywhere the sctlivity Mobil-
last year, hes bebli maintained, and in many cases it has
..testify Lot woollen and
state of things. The mantiracthr.eettrthowfa i
lbath'roodv ind. attagedus
been
Commercelncrea increased. The
ManufacturesT h e reeentrepor.trsvotfotthheisre Chambersi
gi
clothslassraontiodsf
tissues, of cotton cloths,
same activity-. If the
objects of luxury, have founddtbuele silk manufacture has,
umirpoanrtkoterttahs
de;
epahrheaoss
etnnhotett
notes
time,
byet!eutecvei
able to find its former lei el
of matters connected
in what concerns the fabrication
of machinery has assumed
with railwitiB the constructionwith the general movement
an extension in conformity
beenlcic

of business,
" Some facts will show what has been the exact pro-
gress which has been effected. In the first half-year of
1847 the Government authorized the creation of 92 indus-
trial establishments; in 1849 that number fell to 68, and
last year to no less than 45; whilst fer_the first half-year
of 1850 the number has again risen t 087. The situations
of brokers and agens de change have risen to their former
value, and sales are this year as numerous as in 1847.
" The Council of State is about to examine the
regulations proposed by the Government for marking
the exceptions to be wade in the execution
of tbe law which limits to twelve hours the
days work. The proposed plan conciliates the well-
established necessities of the manufacturing classes
with the respect due to the law; and, being the fruit of
the experience of the most eminent manufacturers, it
twuirltl rhs: birth to. Two bills tending to pro-
mote business-oneauu ceuortnoscee ronf itnhge a n
sessionan ufa.c -
will remove all the difficulties, not very numerous besides,
which it has given
fair dealing in
:thee on metrical measurereeto
'eseoeid iinhelirB4r4i,grbeilsa;tiviot
is
intended
l."sfor
you _
iv. a -
........-v--
. be‘t‘teTrhegulliari:n7e
nint toaification, in order to insure to inventors a
a Bill before you for the purpose. bring
"Three bills are already before the National Assem-
bly: one presented on March 15, 1850
re-
form the commercial code of the Island proposes to mbraoragksh, texii7edftor9he
more liberal sense, and one snore appropriate of Fteuninn in fil
elements of commerce, which it is important
to the new
between our colony and the countries
to develop
Asia. The second Bill prepared by uhntries of _Eastern
Commerce and War, introduced intot edePartiaentg of
May 1, has for object to regulate on the Assembly on
the commercial and manufacturing s more liberal bases
I Algeria. The measure is thecalculateclyetem existing in
conceives, to impart to the progress of Government
very decided impulse. Finally, the thirdcolonisation a
before
you on July l fa, concerns the
Bill, brought
The Government, without shutting its eyes
duties.
difficulties of a definitive sol - its
to
ution, is of opinionthe
by reducing in a large proportion that
weighs
on
the
mummer, a the duty which
Ad of substituting for the