The Sun.
London, England, 1857-09-07 00:00:00

Tll fi] UN, LONFMN, MONDAY E_VElsiliN 0 SEP tEMBER 7 sb

akin coloured children around." Such an appearance
would be far more likely to create contempt than re-
verence. The element of jealousy would be added ;
' for the fair one promoted to the temporary rank
of "beebee" probably had a lover or lovers, whose
feelings were greatly embittered against the too
successful rival ; and the native relatives, although
they might for a time consent to accept benefits,
would be greatly annoyed at the ill-treatment
of the temporary favourite, and the sevErance of
the existing ties, which was almost invariably the
case on three years' leave being granted to the appli-
cant, and still more so on the final return to Eu-
rope. That very system, which has happily fallen
into desuetude in consequence rather of the im-
proved education and habits of the Indian officers
than of the accelerated intercourse with India,
was long since considered, and we believe justly
considered, as fraught with danger to our Indian.
Empire.
The " coarse and uneducated officer" is now
fortunately the exception, not the general rule ;
and with the greatest deference for " Majot's "
opinion, we must be permitted to doubt whether
" the 'first specimen " was really so great a
favourite amongst natives as he seems to imagine.
It is but justice to the talented writer to state
that, while pointing out this cause, he does not
by any moans advocate a return to what he truly
designates the " disgusting condition of an old
Indian. " He puts it forward rather as an in-
teresting element .in the calculations, which he
leaves "for society and the public to decide."
We fancy, however, perhaps erroneously, that ho
leans to the view that the change has, in some
degree, led to the diminution of sympathy between
" British officers and Sepoys under them ;" and,
clearly recognising his ability, we should be sorry
to allow it to pass without offering an earnest and
emphatic protest against the opinion. We prefer
the course of "Educating the natives, to per-
mitting them to uneducate us."

With the remainder of his observations we can
fully and cordially =cur. We can clearly recog-
nise the "fiendish hate" of the Indian Mussul-
mans; "the fierce longing for revenge, strengthened
by the deep enmity towards all other creeds
taught him by his faith." He has, how-
ever, continued to make a tool of the
comparatively innocent Hindoo. The pets of the
authorities, the pampered Brahmins, have fallen
into the trap. They have proved " unfaithful to
their salt," and henceforward we must look to
the classes whose fidelity has been unwavering for
the maintaining, together with a large addition of
British soldiers, the stability of our Indian Em-
pire, and the mild rule of Queen VICTORIA,
rather than the tyranny of the quasi King of
Delhi, or the sanguinary and heartless NENA
SAHIB, the representative of Young India accord-
ing to the Mahomedan opinions. •

How can the most speedy communication with
India be established Y That is the great question
on which the restoration of peace and tranquillity
of the empire, and the security of our brethren in
the East, mainly depends. All other matters are
palpably' subordinate. Any consideration of
L. s. d. is of comparatively trivial importance.
The great point is to establish a safe and almost
instantaneous communication with Calcutta, so as
to know, without any unnecessary delay, the mea-
sures essential to the speedy suppression of the
outbreak, and the punishment of the miscreants
who have perpetrated such unparalleled atrocities
against helpless women and innocent children.
Had the magical chain been laid down in May,
ample reinforcements might have already arrived
at the scene of action. We have already suf-
fered severely from the apathy and indifference
that: permitted such an important instrument to
remain incompleted ; and we must now strive to
repair, so far as practicable, our former omissions.
It is quite obvious that the Red Sea telegraph
is that which can most readily be brought into
operation, that it is, in fact, the only one that
can be constructed during the present year. Wo
by no means undervalue that by the Euphrates ;
on- the contrary, we desire to see it established
with all possible speed. A double alternative line,
so as to reduce the chances of interruption to the
minimum, and to be enabled to send duplicate
messages by separate and independent channels,
would be of vast utility, chiefly purchased by the
subventions tendered by the Government and the
East India Company.
But as yet the Ottoman Government has refused
its sanction to the Mesopotamian line. We have
no doubt that difficulty may be eventually re-
moved. But it may take months, possibly
years, before the first stops for constructing the
chain can be taken. Now, there is no such ob-
staslo in the way et the Red Sea Company.
The necessary firmans have already boon
received, and when adequate powers are received,
they may go to work without an hones delay.
They cane bring India within'a week of England
before the end of the present year. But, as wo
have already (xplained, we cannot expect them to
enter into a losing speculation for the sake of the
national advantages that may arise. The Govern-
ment or the Board of Directori cannot be per-
mitted to abdicate their functions, or to transfer
them to private individuals. The now company
are quite prepared to find the capital and to
carry out the undertaking in the most
speedy and effectual manner, but they must
receive the proper encouragement and assistance
in the first instance, and be certain of receiving a
fair return In the amount of their investment.

Without the intervention of Parliament,
Lord PALMERSTON may be unable to give
a national guarantee. But the -company
are quite satisfied with that of the East
India Company, and all that is now required
is the sanction and assent of the Board of Con-
trol. Until that is given it is quite obvious that
subscribers will not come forward, although,
when it is received, four titnes.:the necessary capital
will be available. Now this is a matter
that peculiarly rests on the Premier without his
direction. Mr. SMITH, of Cannon ROW, will na
venture to act. He must have authority on his
side,—nay more, the spur to stimulate him in
his course is imperatively required. The people
know that the telegraph by the Red Sea may be
completed, they are perfectly satisfied as to its
feasibility. If, then, the important work should
remain iu abeyance, through any default of Mini-
ster 9, a serious account must be rendered for the
grievous error. The Euphrates line may subs:-
quently go on—all the better if it can be carried on
is upwards of
ainaultlneously—and the sooner the bettor, for it
a thousand miles shorter, besides
the great advantage of transporting troops in, less
than a month, to India ;
st Aces, there must be aline,l
artnutonifdtheiterhooastneniyswsheiolornemtwimaiyll
be a grave offance ou the pa
be responsible therefore.

THE PRINCE OF WALES.—The p,in„ r ,r,,,
c)'
vale 'eaters state, wil abortly make :"Zo"aks, pri-
Switzerlan I, rewainivg some time at Genevr through
visaing all the most intere•ting portions of the a.l.A.if!ef
r
districts, as well as the principal lakeq, will return
England.
The Lord Chancailor and Lady Cranworth are at their
seat in Koct. The noble and Earned lord COMO3 to town
early in the week after next.

COURT CZRCULAR.

BA.LMORAL, BUT 4.
Her Majesty the Queen and the Prince Consort yes-
terday visited the Highland gathering of Braemar.
They were accompanied by their Royal Highnesses
the Princess Royal,' Princess Alice, Princess Helena,
Princess Louisa, and Prince Arthur. In attendance
upon Her Majesty were Lady Churchill, the H .n. Flora
Macdonald, the Earl of Clarendon, Maj ir-General the
Hon. C. Grey, and Colonel the Hon. C. B. Phipps.
Her Majesty and the Prince, with the Royal party,
arrived at the Castle of Braemar at about 3 o'clock,
where they were received by the Earl and Countes* of
Fife, and Mr. and Mrs. Farquharson, of Invercauld.
The clans of the Duff. the Farquharsons, the Forbes,
and a party of the Ogilvies were drawn up to receive
Her Majesty.
The games commenced immediately upon the Queen's
arrival. They consisted of putting the stone, threwhag
the heavy hammer, tossing the caber, reel dancing, &c.
Her Majesty returned to Balmoral at about six
o'clock.

The dinner party in the evening, includei her Royal
Highness. the Duchess of Kent and Lord and Lady James
Murray.
__ __

SEPT. 5.

Her Majesty the Queen, accompanied by her Royal
Highness the Princess Royal, rode out yesterday after-
noon.

The Prince Consort went out upon the hill doer-
stalking.
Their Royal Highuesscs the Princesses Helena and
Louisa drove to the Falls of the Garr-Malt.

Viscount Palmerston arrived in town nn Saturday
morning, and returned in the afternoon to Brocket-hall.
Despatches were received•on Saturday at the Colo-
nial-office from the Governors of Hongkong, Ceylon, the
Australian colonie+, Malta, St. Helena, Heligoland, and
the Cape of Good Hope.

The right Hon. Robert Vernon Smith continues in
town, and is not going out of office.
Tbe Earl of Clarendon remains at Balmoral, in attend-
ance on the Queen, and will stay the greater part of the
month with her Majesty..
The Earl of Shelburne is at Bowood. Mr., Hammond,
Under-Secretary, is in town, to discharge the duties at
the Foreign-office.
The Earl Granville, the Earl of Harrowby, and the
Duke of Argyll are at their respective country seats.
Lord Panmure, who is at Invermark, his shooting-box
in Scotland, intends to return at theebse of the ensuing
week, in order to be in town by the arrival of the next
news from India.

Lord Stanley of Alderley and the Right Hon. M. T.
Baines are out of town, but return in a few days.

The Right Hon. Henry Labouchere is staying with
Lady-Mary Labouchere, at Castle Howard, on a visit to
the Countess of Carlisle.
The late General the Earl of Cork is ,said to have
bequeathed the large sum of 3,200/, to the different
charitable institutions of Cork, and to the poor of the
several parishes in that city. '
We regreat to learn of the demise of the Hon. Win.
Henry Hare, second son of William, first Earl of Lis-
towel, which took place a few days since at Stoke, De-
vonshire. He was born let of July, 1782, and married
17th of July, 1806, Charlotte, only daughter of Mr.
Isaac Baugh, which lady died in October, 1847, leaving
an only son.
THE RUMOURED RESIGNATION OF MR. VERNON SMITH.
—The principal journal published in Northampton, and
which evidently draws its political aspirations from Mr.
Vernon Smith, who represents the borough in Parlia
ment, adverting to the rumoured retirement of the right
hon. gentleman from the Presidentship of the Board of
Control, says :—" We are assured, on competent autho-
rity that the announcement by a metropolitan contem-
porary that Mr. Vernon Smith is about to retire from
the Board of Control is altogether without foundation."
A NOBLE EZAMELE.—We have great pleasure in hear-
ing that the Marquis of Dalhousie has placed the whole
of his pension of 5,000/. per annum, conferred on him by
the East India Company, at the disposition of the Lon-
don committee for the aid of the sufferers from the In-
dian rebellion.

The Lyceum will this week be again occupied by Pro-
fessor Anderson, whose last six nights will be crowned
by his benefit on Saturday next.
MISS CIISIDILN.—This celebrated actress was to have
sailed from Liverpool on Saturday for New York. She
purposes making a farewell professional tour through
the United States and California, after which she re-
turns to England.
H.M.S. Melville arrived off Pernambuco on the 2dof
August, and, after hoistpg hor number, stood out again
to sea.

CAMP AT COLOHESTER.—This camp now contains the
depots of the 37th, 34th, 54th, 57th, 66th, and 97th
R-giments, and 2d and 3d battalions Rifle Brigade.
MAILS FOR THE CAPE OF GOOD tiOPRU—SOUTHAMP-
TON, Sunday.— The Union Steam Ship Company have
obtained the contract for the conveyance of her Ma-
jesty's mails to the Cape of Good Hope.

TEE REPRESENTATION OF GREW: MICH.--In addition
to the gentlemen already named as candidates for this
borough, Mr. John Thwaitv, the president of the Me-
tropolitan Board of Works, has also been mentioned.
Tan WALLACE MONUMENT FUND.—A bill of exchange
for 601. was received by the treastrer at Stirling on
Saturday last, for the above fund, from Nevada County,
Australia.

THAT WoN'T DO.—We own to some sympathy with
Prince Albert in reference to position. To be the sub-
ject. of his own wife is not a very dignified attitude, and
its moral effect on their children cannot be very salutary.
Rumour says that by-and-by he will be King-Consort ;
perhaps, ultimately, relieve the Queen of the care of
Government; a desire it is said she frequently expresses.
If nothing else, the jealousy of the country is an insu-
perable obAacle to the arrangement.—Weekly Dispatch.
THE BANK OF FRANOE.—Letters from Paris allege
that the bullion in the Bank of France has increased
1,400,000/, since the last monthly return. The dis-
count-market is also said to be easier, choice paper beirig
negotiated at between 41 and 5 per cent. Although the
Bank maintains its position only by artificial purchases
of gold, the speculators are hoping that a reduction of
the rate of discount to 5 per cent. will soon be adoptel.
The projected issue of 21. notes will probably accelerate
that measure.
NEW STREET FROM THE STRAND TO COVENT-GARDEN.
—Daring the last few clays a large number of men have
boon actively employed at work, in making the necessary
preparations for the now street which is to ran from the
Strand to the eastern end of Covent-garden. Diverging
from the Strand at Brirleieli-street, the new line will
take an oblique, or rather a diagonal direction, on ac-
count of the difference of level between Exeter-street
and the intereectiog thoroughfare ; and from this point
it will, proceed in a direct line with the " Ruinmurna"
Hotel, entering the market opposite the north-oast
angle, which hereafter is intended to form the 11oya1
entrance to the new Covent-garden Theatre.
THE POPULATION OF AUSTRALIA —The results of the
census taken on the 29th March last ere now made
public, and the Census C commission has issued a table,
from which we gather that the pnpnlation at that data
consisted of 258,116 males, 145,303 females ; total,
403,419. According to Ml. Archer, the Deputy Regis-
trar-General, and the best authority on all questions of
this kind, the entire popoletion of the Australian c do-
Dies on the lst Ju1y,11857„ may be fairly estimated in
round numbers at one million at least thus :—Victoria,
414 000 1 • New South
_Wales, 300,000 ; South Aus-
tralia, 105,000: Tasmania, 80,000 ; Western Australia,
14,000 ; New Zealand, 130,000 ; total, 1,043,000.
MURDER IN HORSEMONGER-LANE GAOL.—Thia morn-
ing a horrible murder was committed in this gaol by a
prisoner named Preston. It appears, from the state-
ments of the officials of the gaol, that the murdered man
'lodges was to have been removed to Newgate to-day
preparatory to his undergoing his trial for forgery, but
in consequence of his having ex4lhited symptoms of in-
sanity he had been lodged in the infirmary. In the same
room with him were three other prisoners, anti amongst
thorn a man named Preston. At about four o'clock he
was observed to get out of bed, and in a minute or two
afterwrrde, having posees•zed himself of a large pail, he
went to the beds de of Hodges and literally dished his
brains out. No motive can be discovered for the out-
rage.

SUICIDE IN TUE HATIREKET.—On Saturday morn
ing, about half-past three o'clock, the police constabl
on duty found a man in a state of stupefaction, lying
on the pavement, near the lower end of the Haymarket.
Ho was removed to Charing-cross II )apitel, and the
house surgeon called out of bad is attend to him. He
was perfectly insensible and nothing cou'd rally him,
and he expired in twenty minutes or half an hour.
Upon his person was Viuud two small phials empty,
but with unmistakeable traces of laudanum. There
was nothing whatever about him that gave the slightest
clue to his identity. He is about five feet ten inches
high, very dark complexion, black hair and whiskers,
stout matte; ho has lost the fourth finger of the left
hand. He was dre,,sed like a respectable tradesman in
his every day clothes. The body lies at the hospital
awaiting a coroner's inquest.
APPREHENSION OF THE SUPPOSED LIVERPOOL SAFE
ROBBERS.--On Friday afternoon Sergeants Bateman
and Sandford, Manchester detective officers, proceeded
to a public-house in Chorlton-upon-Medlock, where they
apprehended two men and a woman, who were lodging
there. In the room, where the prisoners lodged, were
found a dark lantern, two life-preservers, an instrument
which is supposed to be the one with which the holes
were bored in the safe, and several bits, including one
which has recently been used, and which is now broken.
On the woman was found 2021. 10,. in golf, in a purse,
and also two other parson containing 31. odd. Oa being
taken to the detective office, the men gave the names of
John Rice, blacksmith, and Thomas Pimm, general
fitter. Rica has already been once or twice convicted.—
Mane/Leder Guardiaa.
SIR HENRY LAWRENCE'S SUCCESSOR.—The officer
who succeeds so distinguished a man as Sir H. Law-
rence at Lucknow is Mejor Banks, who has been in
India 28 years, is a first-rate linguist, and has seen much
active service ; among other campaigns he served in the
second expedition to Cabut. He filled the office of
deputy secretary to the Government of India military
department for some years, and in that capacity went
through Scheele with Lerd Efardinge, and Pagn ith
Lord Dalhousie. Tue latter nobleman appointed him
to be his military secretary, and sent him from Oetaca-
round to Lucknow two years ago on business connected
with the annexation. lie it commissioner in Oude in
charge of Lucknow, and so succeeds his late chief. Sir
C. Napier, in a letter dated lefty 31, 1850, thus writes :
—" There are some glorious rnlgist ratls who realty do
exalt the honour and pewee. of England in the Last. I
came through a district governed by a Mr. Banks. I
do not know him, I never saw him, but I really felt
proud of
couutryman. Yet even there I saw
'tighLaY by the' board which rules the Punjab ; he can-
elp that ; 1611 he does himself is splendid."

LATEST NE-;
•

FRANCE.

PARIS, SUNDAY EVENING.

The Emperor Alexander left St. Petersburg on
the 4th ; his Majesty was attended by Princ3 G-ort-
chakoff.

An evening paper says the number of Europeans
cruelly tortured and finally killed at Cawopore is
650, amongst whom was a French family, consisting
of M. Beauvais; his lady and two children. The
same authority (a correspondent of La Presse) says
the siege of Delhi is confined to the offensive since
the death of General Barnard. Nena Sahib is said
to be at the bead of 1.0,000 men, who are employed
in destr.)ving everything European.
The Moniteur says :—" According to the terms
of Article 24 of the Treaty of Commerce concluded
on the 14th of June last, between France and Rus-
sia, it should come simultane msly into operation
in the two countries at a date to be determined by
the high contracting parties. It has been decided
by common agreement between the two Govern-
ments that the treaty shall come into operation on
the 2d (14th) of September.
The situation of theEngliih troops in India again
occupies the attention of the Paris papers. The
Univers attributes the present disastera in India to
th fact of England being a Protestant country :

"England," says our contemporary, " being Protes-
tant,is an essentially revolutionary power, both on ac-
count of the very spirit of that faith, and on account of
the material interests which It places above everything
else, and which impose on England the necessity of
agitating the continent to ensure a monopoly of industry
and commerce. Whereas, had she been Catholic, in
turning towards the defence of the truth, towards the
propagation of real civilisation, that ardent energy with
which she is endowed, she would have achieved the con
quest for Jesus Christ of those immense countries which
are still desolated by paganism, at the same time that she
would have assured to Europe years of peace and prospe-
rity. Looking at England, such v. 4 she is, such as sheis de-
picted by the ne xspapers which express her sentiments,
we do not see why we should desire hei triumph in the
present crisis ; for if there is, on one side, an oppressed
pagan people who delivers itself tip to.revolting atrocities
which it may also consider as reprisals, there is on the
other, a people calling itself Christian, and which may
avenge itself by atrocious executions on a nation which
it has not known how to turn to civilisation when it
could and ought to have done so."
BOURSE, Sept. s.—The market has been more
sett-bed to-day than for some time past. Mobilier
much fluctuated, but prices have improved on yes-
terday's quotations. The following wore the last
quotations :

_
Cash. fr. e. End of Month.
44 per Cents
3 per Cents 66 8 i 67 5
Bank Shares 2,775 Credit Fonder —
Credit Mobilier 865 Roman
Do. Account B7O Austrian
Belgian 4) 994— Spanish Threes — ---
riedmonteseXs) 9O Home Debt -

AMERICA.

NEW YORK, AUG. 27.

The Washington correspondeut of the New York
Herald considers it extremely doubtful whether the
military expedi! ion to Utah would be dispatched
before next spring, in consequence of the disor-
ganisation of the force.
The Surrogate had given a decision in the Burdell
case. Mrs. Cunningham, in his opinion, is not the
widow of the murdered dentist, and he bad directed
the issue of letters of administration to the next of
kin. Mrs. Cunningham, according to the s'at,:m.ent
of an inquisitive reporter who visited her in her
cell, maintained great coolness. She was of opinion
that the Surrogate, though an upright man, had
been influenced by her enemies.
The Hon. R. K. Meade, the United States Mini-
ster to Brazil, was about to leave Washington fur
hii post. He is said to have received instructions
to negotiate a uew commercial treaty, and to endea-
vour to obtain a reduction in the Brazilian tariff.

According to the New York Times the potato
crop in the States was fearfully diseased.
Tidings of the submarine cable expedition were
eagerly looked for, and as the weather bad teen
favourable sanguine hopes ware entertained of its
success. At Portland a salute of 100 guns was to
be fired on the recipt of the wished-for intelligence.
The suspension of Brewster and Co., bankers, is
reported in a telegraphic despatch from Rochester.
At Boston the firm of Whitney and. Hinds had.
faded. The reported failure of Blanchard, Sher-
man, and Co., at the same place, is contradicted.
A telegraph message from New York to
a Boston paper mentions some additional failures.
It says : The suspension of the Oliio Life and
Trust Company has
.been followed to-day by thst
of John Thompson, who has for so many yelrs done
the leading business in uncurrent money, and acted
I as agent of various banks."

rue New York commercial advices of the 25th
ult. report an increasing tightness in the money
market. Prime paper was selling at 9to 10 per
cent., and good paper, not strictly within the first
class list, at 11 to 12 per cent. Loans on call were
made by the banks at legal limits, but outside va-
rious higher rates were paid, according to the ne-
cessities of borrowers. The announcement of the
failure _of the Ohio L;fe Insurance and Trust Com-
pany on the evening of the 24th created much dis •
trust in monetary circles. The Bank statement for
the week ending August 22 showed a decre .se in
loans, $1,101,000 ; specie, $1,236,000 ; circulation,
$86,000 ; and deposits, ,992,000.
There was no change of moment at the first
board of the stock market. At the second board
stocks were generally firmer, and an advance was
effected in several. Erie changed hands at 23 ;
Cleveland and Toledo at 41A ; Reading at 61 ;
Illinois Central at 104 • Cleveland and Pittsburg
at 16 ; and New York_ Central at 73i.
In exchange there was only a moderate demand
for the Canada. Bills on London were quoted 109 k
to 109 ; on France, sf. 16}. ; and on Hamburg,
361 to 36.

•
The business in cotton continued to be on a very
moderate aortic., and confined almost entirely to
requirements for home consumption. The market
was firm, but no actual advance could be quoted.
The accounts from. the South are confirmatory of
the improvel condition of the growing crop. Flour
was dull, and prices had declined 100. to 30c. per
barrel.

—August 25, in lat. 16 N., long. 25 40 W., the
Hamburg brigantine Christine Marie, steering to
the southward ; 29th, in lat. 26 30 N., long., 17 45
W., the ship Bosworth, standing to the south-west,
apparently with emigrants on board, all well ;
September 3, in lat: 43 40 N., long. 8 50 W., ex-
changed colours with the English ship Hersilia, with
troops for Madras ; and the French ship La Rose,
the latter gtcering to the north-west ; off Ushant
passed two screw steamers, steering to the south-
webt.

LORD MELVILLE ON THE INDIAN

CRISIS.

A dinner was given on Friday evening at Dal
keith (county of Edinburgh) to Mr. Dundaa; of
Areiston, on the occasion of the birth of a son and
heir. The Right Hon. Sir. George Clerk preside],
and among others present were Viscount Melville,
Commanding the Forces in North Britain • Sir G.
G. Montgomery, M.P., Sir W. G. Craig, Mr. Pitt
Dundos, Registrar-General of Scotland ; Mr. In-
glis, Dean of Faculty ; Mr. Forbes Mackenzie, Mr.
W. Dundas, Ssc.

The CHAIRMAN gave "The Army and Navy,"
coupled IN ith the nome of Lord Melville. He said
they might now have hoped that the army, after
their late services in the Crimea, would have some
time to repose in peace, but unfortunately they
were again called upon to make still greater efforts
in their country's cause. They had now to go out
to put down a foul rebellion in India, and he
trusted by God's blessing that they would be suc-
cessful, and that they would bring condign punish-
ment to bear upon the perpetrators of outrages on
women and helpless children such as the imagina-
tion could scarcely conceive, and which nothing
but the height of cruelty and of brutality could
have suggested to any human being. (Applause.)
Lord MELVILLE, in reply, said,—With regard to
the remarks of my right hon. friend concerning
India, I only wish I could say I entertain the
hope that we had seen the worst. lam afraid
that before the services of our army are brought
to a close in India we must prepare ourselves
for still worse calamities than we have already
suffered, and, I fear, for losses of a severe cha-
racter. It is not' only that we have to pro-
vide an army for putting down the rehell'on,
but we have to occupy the country as well as have
a force engaged in moveable columns for the sup-
pres:.ion of the rebellion in different districts. This
will require a large force, and I am afraid such
force as we have yet sent out is not adequate to the
service that has to be performed. As almost every
available soldier that England can now produce is
on his way to that country, or is engaged in
our other possessions, I feel that if England means
to retain all her foreign possessions, she must main-
tain a much larger army than she has yet done.
You cannot maintain these' distant colonies with-
out an adequate force not only to occupy them, but
to defend them if necessary. Ships and soldiers
you at this moment require with the most urgent
necessity, and I may take this opportunity of stat-
ing to you that her Majesty's Government
,has
again thought it necessary to call for men to re-
cruit the service, and a memorandum has just been
issued by which his Royal Highness the Comman-
der-in-Chief offers a commission to any gentleman
anxious to enter the army who can raise 100 men.
These gentlemen must be examined as to their fit-
ness and qualification for the service, and must state
the district in which they propose to raise the
men ; and the age is limited to from
eighteen to twenty-three. During the Crimean
war, when the militia was embodied, a large body
of men was raised by this means, and I hope
that now, seeing what the emergency is, the
loyalty and patriotism of the country will stir up
young men to come forth and rally round the stan-
dard of Great Britain, to recover that country to
England which this rebellion has placed in peril—
I will not say taken from us, for I cannot but
believe that the supremacy of England will be re-
established, and her dominion restored, and that
country become once more the bright gem of the
British Crown which it has hitherto been. (Loud
cheers.)
The Right Hon. CHAIRMAN then proposed the
toast of the evening, and adverted to the distin-
guished services which the family of Arniston had
rendered to Scotland, one member of that family
succeeding another in the principal judicial seats ;
and commented on the claims which the present
head of the house had to such a compliment from
his tenantry and friends, who entertained for him
the highest esteem and affection.
A letter of apology was read from the Marquis of
Dalhousie, whose estate is contiguous to Arniston,
expressing regret at his absence. He said :

"I heartily wish I could be present to offer my con-
gratulations to you in person, and to evince my respect
and regard as well for yourself as for your family, of
which this is the fourth generation in my time, but I
have neither a leg to stand upon nor a voice to cheer
withal, and that being so, I feel that the good wishes I
heartily offer to you and yours will be accepted by you
and by those who meet with you as a substitute for my
presence."
After Mr. Dundas had replied several other toasts
were proposed, including the Duke of Buccleuch,
the Right Hon. Robert A. D. C. N. Hamilton,
M. P., a cadet of the house of Arniston, and Lord
Melville, whose grandfather, the first Lord Mel-
ville, was also a younger am of the Dundas family.
The noble Viscount, in acknowledging this fur-
ther compliment, said—My friend, Mr Ramsay, in
proposing this tole has alluded to my services in
terms beyond any deserts of mine, and particularly,
to the occasion when I commanded the Bombay
column in the Punjab. I must certainly congra-
tulate myself on the excellent discipline manifested
by that column ; and whatever credit may be, duo
to me in that matter, I can cmscient ously say, was
by my being most ably and zealou,ly supported by
the officers of that army. Ido believe that if
the SllllO discipline had been in existence in Ben-
gal, and if the same attention to their duty had
been paid by the European officers of the Bengal
army, this unfortunate mutiny would not have
occurred. • I am quite unable to tell yo.i the
reason why different systems should prevail
in different presidencies: That has, unfor-
tunately, been allowed to be the case, and
as we see in Bengal with what disastrous re-
sults.- A thorough investigation into the causes
of this unfortunate mutiny will necessarily tahe
place in the next session of Parliament, arid of
course a very serious inquiry will be instituted as
to the proper mode of re-organising that army.
We cannot ret tin our dominion in India without
a native army. Europeans cannot do the duty
which the native troops are called on to perform ;
the climate will not admit of it. But how we can
re-organise that army so as to trust the natives,
after what has occurred, is more than at this mo-
ment I can possibly venture to suggest. Mean,
while, a very large European force wiil necessarily
have to be maintained, and many duties hitherto,
performed by natives must be performed by them
—though, I am afraid, at a great sacrifice of life ;
but that is unavoidable if we mean to maintain our
supremacy in India. Lord Melville concluded by
expressing his regret that he had left India before
his young kinsman, a younger brother of Mr.
Dundas, now before Del i, arrived out. He had,
however, pride and satisTaction in knowing from
officers in his regiment (the 60th) how able an
officer and how attentive to his duties he was, and
he only regretted that his wound in the leg should
for the time prevent him from being " celer" as
well as "audax," and thus fulfilling the motto on
his regimental colours. Among the concluding
toasts was the health of " Sir George Clerk," pro-
posed by the Dean of Faculty iu an able speech.

SIR W. CODRINGTON.

TO THE EDITOR, OF THE TIMES.

Sir,—You will perhaps admit the justice of giv-
ing publicity to the enclosed, having reference to
one of your late leading article 3. An unavoi laVe
delay has prevented an earlier communication of
the extract.—Your obedt. servant,
Sept. 5. ROBERT BLANE, Lieut.-Col.

Extract. from a letter, dated Aug. 16, from Lieut.-Gene-
ral Sir W. Codrington to Major-Goneral Sir Cbarks
Yorke, K.C.8., Military Secretary.
"Before leaving England I am anxious that his Royal
Highness the Commander-k-Chief should be aware of
my perfect readiness to nerve in India, should unfavour-
able accounts continue, and that he thinks my services
could he useful, even temporarily.
"No one can feel more strongly than myself the wish
never to interfere with those who, having had the brunt
and hard work, ought to reap the reward.
" But there might arise occasions in other places, and
I trust that his Rlyal Higbne,s will not consider rank
or former high command to be a Lar, on my part, to
employment in any lower military capacity where
ty cr active service is going on."
* We trust it is no part of the gallant General's
duty in his new office to instruct his Rqyal pupil
the Prince of Wales in the correct use of the English
language.—Times.

OFFICUL APPOINTBIENTS.—Mr, Cyprian Herniodan
Dupuy has been appointed District Magistrate for the
Bland of Mauritius. Mr. Frederick Forth, Colonial
Treasurer of Hongkong, has been appointed a inemter
of the Lg'elative Council of that colony. The new
Scotch Lunacy Board will consist of Viscouut Melgurid,
M.P. as chairman ; Sir Alexander IViaitland, of Clifton-
hall, 'Midlothian, and George Young, E,q , unpaid corn.
missioners ; Dr. James 0,,X3 and Dr. U. A. F. Browne,
paid c,-)rarnissiontv, and William Foibos, Esq
Medwyn, eccretary. The Queen has appointed Colonel
Kinloch to be Inspector of Sc'itch police under te.Act
of last session, Professor H. Rogers has been appointed
Profesor of Natural history in the University of Glss-
go

APPROACHING LAUNCH" OF THE GREAT

EASTERN.

It is now more, than three years since the lofty
walls of iron formino the sides of the Great Eastern
began to excite the wonder of voyagers up and
down the Thames, and as she approaches comple-
tion pub!ic interest increases. •Enormous size,
which is naturally' the distinctive feature that fist
strikes the observer, is, however, one of the least
of the marvels that belong to the joint production
of Mr. Scott Russell and Mr. Brunel. We have
the assurance of the former that the Great Eastern
is built upon precisely the same model as every
vessel he has constructed since his discovery of the
wave line 22 years ego. In the wonderful ship
which now towers some 70 feet above the level of
the Isle of Dogs, dwarfing every passing vessel by
her enormous proportions, we have only an exten-
sion of the lines upon which Mr. Russell built the
little Wave, of 74 tons. This may- relieve those
who regar 1 the " big ship" as too much of a novelty,
and still leaves sufficient food for wonder in the
knowledge that she is about the eighth of a mile
in length, and more than twice the length of the
Great Britain, which, a dozen years ago, was the
largest iron ship then built or thought of. But
her breadth is much less in proportion to herlength
than that of the vessel just named (being 82 feet
" over all"), a point of difference which affords the
bew. ground for the anticipations entertained of the
speed with which she will cross the Atlantic.
' Granting, then, that the niammoth ship is merely
an extended copy of all other iron steamers
built on the wave line principle, 1-t us see what
are the " one or two exceptions,'; so modestly
alluded to by Mr. Russell last week before the
British Association at Dublin. The most promi-
nent, in really, though a- feature ewhich escapes
unprofessional visitors, is the cellular construction
of the upper deck, and the lower part of the hull,
up to the water line, or about 30 feet from her
bottom, which is as flat as the floor of a room.
This system, while it gives greater buoyancy to the
hull, increa es her strength enormously, and thus
enables' her to resist almost any amount of out-
ward pressure. Two walls of iron, about 60 feet
high, divide the vessel longitudinally into three
parts; the inner containing the boilers, the engine-
rooms and the saloons, rising one above the other,
and the lateral divisions the coal bunkers, and,
above them, the side cabins and berths. The
saloons are 60 feet in length, the principal one
nearly half the width of the vessel, and lighted
by skylights from the upper deck. On either
hand are the cabins and berths, those of first-
cla-s passengers being commodious rooms, large
enough to contain every requirement of the most
fastidious of landsmen. The thickness of the lower
deck will prevent any sound from the engine-
rooms reaching the passengers, and the vibration
from being at all felt by them. On each side of
the engine-rooms is a tunnel through which the
steam and water pipes will be carried, and also
rails for economising labour in the conveyance of
coal. The berths of the crew are forward, below
the forecastle, which it is intended to appropriate
to the officers whose apartments are at present
only marked by a few uprights, rising 10 or 12
feet above the main deck. Below the berths of
the seamen are two enormous cavities for cargo,
of which 5,000 tons can Le carried, besides coals
enough for the voyage to Australia, making
about as many tons more.
The weight of this huge ship being 12,000 tons,
and her coal and cargo about 18,000 tons more,
the motive power required to propel her 20 miles
per hour must be proportionate. If the visitor
walks aft, and looks down a deep chasm near the
stern, he will perceive an enormous metal shaft,
160 feet in length, and weighing sixty tons ;
this extends from the engine-room nearest the
stern to the extremity of the ship, and is des-
tined to move the screw, the four fans of which are
of proportionate weight and dimensions. If he
walk forward, and look over the side, he will see a
paddle-wheel considerably larger than the circle at
Astley's ; and when he learn that this wheel and
its fellow will be driven by four engines, having a
nominal power of 1,000 horses, and the screw by a
nominal power of 1,600 horses, he will have no
difficulty in conceiving a voyage to America in
seven days, and to Australia in thirty-five days.
The screw engines designed and manufactured by
Messrs. James Watt and Co., we by far the largest
ever constructed, and, when making 50 revolutions
per minute, will exert an effective force of not less
than B,OC° horses. It is difficult to realise the work
which this gigantic force would perform if applied
to the ordinary operations of commerce ; it would
raise 132,000 gallons of water to the t)p of the
Monument iu one minute, or drive the machinery
of forty of the largest cotton-mills in Manchester,
giving.employment to from 30 to 40,000 operatives.
The four cylinders each weigh about 25 tons, and
are 34 inches in diameter. The crank shaft, to
which the connecting rods are applied, is a forging,
and weighs about 30 tons. The boilers are six in
number, having 72 furnaces, and an absorbent
heating surface nearly equal in extent to an acre of
ground. The total weight of the engines exceed
1,200 tons, and yet they are so admirably con-
taived that they cen be set in motion or stopped by
a single hand.

Sails will not be much needed, for in careering
over the Atlantic at twenty miles an hour, with a
moderate wine, they would impede rather than aid
progression ; but in the event of a strong wind
arising, going 25 miles per hour in the course of the
vessel, sails may be used with advantage, and the
Great Eastern is provided, accordingly, with seven
masts, two square-rigged, the others carrying fore
and att sails only. The larger masts will be iron
tubes, the smaller of wood. The funnels, of
which there will be five, alternating with the masts,
are constructed with double cuing?, and the
space between the outer and inner casings will be
filled with water, which will answer the double
purpose of preventing the radiation of heat to the
decks, and economising coal by causing the water
to enter the boilers in a warm state. Her rigging will
probably cause most wonderment and disturbance
of ideas to nautical observers, for, besides the un-
usual number of masts, she will want two of the
most striking ,features of all other vessels; namely
bowsprit and figurehead. Another peculiarity is
the absence of a poop. The captain's apartment is
placed amidships, immediately below the bridge,
whence the electric telegraph will flash the com-
mander's orders to the engineer below, the helms-
man at the wheel, and the lcok-out man at the
bows. In iron vessels great precautions are neces-
sary to prevent the compass from being influenced
by the mass of metal in such attractive proximity,
and various experiments have been made with the
view of discovering the best mode of overcoming
the difficulty. It was originally intended to lo-
cate the compass upon a stage, 40 feet high, but this
plan has been abandoned, and a standard campus
will be affixed to the tnizen-mast, at an elevation
beyond the magnetic influence of the ship.
Whatever misgivings may be felt as to the length
of the vessel and the great weight she will carry
amidships will be set at rest, before she even touches
the water, by the mode of launching, an operation
as great a novelty as the ship herself. The plan
hitherto has been to build the vessel on an inclined
plane, and at right angles with the water, but in
the case of the great Eastern this was impossible,
on account of her great length, to say nothing of
the expense of building a vessel of her enormous
dimensions in a position which would elevate her
forecastle nearly 100 feet above the grcund. Thee
considerations led Mr. Brunel to determine upon
launching her sideways, with which view she has
been built pacallel to the river. In constructing
the foundation of the floor on which she stands
provision has been made at two points to ensure
sufficient strength to bear the whole weight when
completed. On these two points she will rest when
ready, and thus her strength will be tested in the
severest, and, therefore, most satisfac-ory manner.
Two cradles will be introduced at these points, and
she will then be moved by two powerful hydraulic
engines. Timber ways are laiddown to low water
mark with an incline of one foot in twelve, and
iron rails of a peculiar construction are to
be laid upon these transversely. A tell-tale
will indicate the rate at which the two
ends are descending, and any difference
that may occur will be immediately rectified by
strong check-tackle. It is calculated that she will
advance 12 feet per minute, at which speed her sub-
mersion will be -effected in 20 minutes. The
cradles will then be drawn from under her, and sh•
will be towed t, the oppo,ite side of the river,
where she will lay until ready for sea.

RECOVERING UMBRELLAS.—"Pray, madam, what do
you charge for re-covering an umbrella ?" said Michael
O'Flaherty, from Tipperary, the other day, walking into
au umbrella shop. "Let me see it," was the reply.
" Ah, faith l and that's just what I want to do, for I
rave lost one, and I see you offer to recover them at
very small °barge, so I was just thinking I would get
you to recover mine,"

BOOKSELLING EXTR/QIDINABY —We are indebted to
a monthly journal, devoted to matters relating to patent
inventions, for the following summary of the pecuniary
rasult of Cie Patent Commissioners' labours in the print
log and publishing department of their office, as gathered
from their annual reports to Parliament :—Frodo the
commencement of the commissioners' operations in
October, 1852; to the end of the year 1856, th y have
exptxhied, in ricting for pubLo use, the specifications of
patented inventions and indexes referring thereto, the
sum of 199,8861. 163. 91 ; and in return for this outlay,
they have realiied, by the sale of these publications, the
sum of 3,9321. 191. 2d. There has thus accrued a foes
(represented by dead stock), during the short period of
tour and a quarter years, of no less than 115, 9531. 17s. 7d.
in this department of the Patent Officc--Newtoir's Lon-
don Journal of Arts and Sciences for September, 1857..11