The Sun.
London, England, 1844-03-21 00:00:00

down to two per cent. Every trade, every manu-
facture was over-ridden by competitors having capital
wanting employment, and yet the complaint was
that they had not capital enough wherewith to till
the land.—(Hear, hear.) They had heard the cause
in the explanation of those intelligent gentlemen who
had addressed them—they wanted security for the
application of their capital.—(Cheers.) The corn-
law, which they ever said was for the benefit of the
agriculturist, deterred the capitalist from investing
in the land, because on that corn-law rested those
other monstrous grievances to which Mr. Lattimore
and Mr. Hunt had referred. The landowners, not
trusting to the application of skill or science to the
cultivation of the soil, confided only in the corn-
law, which they could only maintain by poli-
tical means—by keeping the tenantry in sub-
jection as tenants at will." They made every-
thing subservient to political power, and they made
political power subservient to the corn-law, and thus
it was that in a vicious circle the corn-law reacted in
an injurious manner upon the tenant.—(Hear, hear.)
Thus it was that the corn-law was the basis f every
grievance under which the farmers suffered.—
(Cheers.) It was not their business there to talk of
game but of corn ; but if the landowners prevented
by law the people from being supplied with goods
from other countries, they invited inquiry as to the
way in which they used the land upon which
they linsisted we should he fed ; and if we found they
were wasting the produce of the soil for their own
useless and sensual amusements, while they denied
the people's right to getting food from other coun-
tries, then their game-preserves and their parks, and
every other arrangement about their estates became a
fair question of controversy.--(Cheers.) When he
(Mr. Cobden) was in Scotland, at a public meeting
held in Cupar of Fife, a farmer, whose name he
gave to the public on the occasion, informed them, in
a letter which he read to the meeting, that he was the
tenant of Captain Wemyss, the M.P. for the county,
and that he and two other farmers rented
seven hundred Scotch acres adjoining the pre-
serves of Captain Wemyss, and that he had
a clause in his agreement by which he was entitled to
receive compensation for the damage done by game
annually to their crops ; and in the year 1841 these
farmers received as compensation for the injury done
by the game to the crops on the 700 acres, of which
only one-fourth was sown, a sum of 7001., and yet
they assured him that that was far from sufficient
compensation for the damage done ; for the crop of
the year was not only destroyed, but the land was
poisoned, so as to affect the crops for the succeeding
four years.—(Hear, hear.) He had taken pains to
inquire as to the amount of damage done by game in
this country to crops, and the opinion of intelligent
farmers was, that the damage amounted to no less than
2,000,000 of quarters of corn.—(Hear, hear.) Now,
if they were not allowed to be supplied with corn from
elsewhere, he insisted that they had a right to call on
the landowners to destroy the vermin which did so
much injury to our crops. He was glad to find that
their friends the farmers were putting their brethren
on the right scent. Let them, instead of looking after
the League as a bugbear, see to grievances nearer
home. The Hon. Gentleman then adverted to the
system observed with respect to game, and then went
on to observe that all parties would benefit from
throwing the land on its own resources. He said the
usual way was for a Noble Lord first to vote for the
corn-laws, and then to bring in a Bill to inclose the
commons of the country, in order to benefit the poor
by taking from them the commons, on which they fed
their geese. He did not pretend to be a judge whether
those commons were advantageous to the poor or not;
but he knew that labourers were very good judges of
their own interests, and that they had a very great
objection to the inclosure of commons. He knew
riots to have taken place, in consequence of labourers
insisting upon their rights of commonage.—(Hear,
hear.) Mr. Fyshe Palmer, who for a long time re-
presented Berkshire, used to stand up in defence of
the peasant's right to the use of the commons, and,
on one occasion, he ventured poetically upon the
subject, and he said—

" The fault is great in man or woman,
Who steals the goose from off the common ;
But who shall plead that man's excuse,
Who steals the common from the goose ?"

—(Laughter.) He (Mr. Cobden) had transmitted to
him from the United States of America a speech de-
livered by a senator of that country in advocacy of
free trade, whose sentiments they reciprocated from
that gorgeous assembly. He alluded to Mr. M'Duffy,
who had been twenty years the Villiers of the United
States. The Hon. Gentleman then quoted several
passages from the speech of that gentleman, which,
though used in condemnation of the protective
system to manufactures in that country, were per-
fectly applicable to the protective system as regarded
agriculture in this country; and he went on to show,
that what he called the calico oligarchy in America,
were as opposed to free trade as the agricultural oli-
garchy were in this country. He pointed out that
the great majority of the fifteen millions of American
citizens were as much in favour of free trade as the
greater portion of the inhabitants of this country,
and expressed his satisfaction at the prospects of
free trade, when the monopoly of what he termed
the oligarchy of the madder-hogsheads would be put
an end to in America, equally with the monopoly of the
agricultural oligarchs of this country. He showed
the absurdity
.of supposing that monarchical institu-
tions were inimical to freedom, when there were
found among the Yankees, who threw overboard
what they considered the lumber of crown, church,
and aristocracy, those who were opposed, notwith-
standing all their free institutions, to not only
freedom in trade, but also to freedom to the slave.
—(Hear, hear, and cheers.) And he instanced, in
proof of his position, their having at that meeting a
Nobleman in the chair. He justified his agita-
tion on the ground that even in America, where
they had republican institutions, men were not able
to see their own interests without being taught. He
concluded by stating that Mr. Gisborne, who was to
have addressed them that night, had pressed him (Mr.
Cobden) into the service, but that Hon. Gentleman
would attend on the next evening of meeting.—
(Cheers.) Before they separated, he begged to say
that he thought they would best conclude the even-
ing's proceedings by giving three cheers for the
Noble Earl who favoured them by taking the chair
that evening. He (Mr. Cobden) would be fugleman,
and let them be three good cheers.
The Hon. Gentleman then signalled with his hand,
and the vast assemblage rose eh masse, and gave three
cheers accordingly, with one cheer more.
The Noble CHAIRMAN then advanced to the front
of the stage, and in a few words acknowledged the
compliment, after which the vast assemblage dispersed.

HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.--011 Tues-
day there was a numerous meeting of the members at the
Horticultural-rooms, in Regent-street ; Sir Charles Lemon,
Bart., M.P., in the chair, supported by a fashionable assembly.
There was a large miscellaneous collection of ornamental
plants and flowers. Amongst the more remarkable were
some, specimens of the Schomburgia undulate, a plant of
brilliant flower, indigenous to the tropics, but naturalised
in this country by Schomberg, the traveller. Mrs. Law-
rence contributed some-fine specimens of dendrobium and
epidendrium. A curious plant, cultivated with charcoal,
from the Society's gardens, was likewise exhibited, remark-
able for its gay and flaunting colours, and which has
found its wa..into the floricultural cabinet under the title
of " Fanny 'lrippit." There were some fine specimens of a
class of richly coloured plants called epacris, with other
distinct varieties, from Mn Arabin, of Woodford, Essex,
Mr. Schroeder, Brixton, and other Fellows of the Society.
The hot-beds of the Society's gardens, produced cucumbers
from between 13 to 19 inches long. The following is an'ex-
tract from the Society's weather almanac :—March 8, baro-
meter highest, 30.260 ; March 15, ditto lowest, 29'452.
March -9, thermometer highest, 58 deg. Fahrenheit;
March 5, ditto lowest, 19 deg. Fahrenheit- Total amount of
raip, l inch. The medals and rewards, together with the'
subject for exhibition at the Society's annual exhibitions,
having been announced, the meeting separated.
HORRIBLE ATROCITIES AT PARIS.—The Gazette
des Tribunaux relates that for some time past there have
been rumours of the existence of a mysterous society in the
Faubourgs St. Jacques and St. Marceau, the members of
which came forth in the dark, in the environs of the barriers,,
and having seduced or forced away with them several young
girls, did not set them at liberty again until they had under-
gone the most brutal treatment. About ten days ago several
fathers and mothers of families laid informations before the
commissary of police that their daughters, who were only
between twelve and fourteen years of age, had been accosted,
some at the Barriere de Fontainebleau, others at the Barriere
St. Jacques, by-young and well-dressed men, who -invited
them to go to a dance, and afterwards compelled them to
accept a supper. Of what took place at the conclusion the
poor girls could give no account, for they were thrown into a
state of lethargy in which they remained for a long time,
and on recovering their senses found themselves resting
against stone posts in obscure corners of the quarters above-
mentioned. On returning home it was found that their per-
sons had been so cruelly abused that itwas necessary to place
them in a hospital. .The commissary, excited to the utmost
indignation, set every engine at work to discover the perpe-
trators of these enormities, and by his exertions no fewer than
twelve of these wretches have been arrested." It appears from
the examinations that these pests of society had joined in
hiring a house in the Rue de l'Oursine, to carry on their
hideous designs. To this they gave.the name of the Tour de
Neale, And they called the room in which they consummated
their outrages the Chambre Orsini, each assuming the name
of one of the characters of the drama entitled Tour de Nesle.
Their victims were of course thrown under the influence of
some powerful narcotic. The examinations preparatory to
the prosecution of these wretches are still in progress, bat
,r either the name nor station of any one of them has
transpired.
SPRING.—The prevalence of cutaneous visitations
at this period of the year inculcates the necessity of pre-
serving the Skin iu a pure and healthy state, so that its func-
tions may be duly .performed. The great celebrity which
" Rowland's Kalydor" exclusively maintains as an active yet
mild and soothing agent for extirpating all impurities, and
imparting a healthy freshness to the Skin, is most pleasingly
evinced at the present season. This balmy and odoriferous
creamy liquid is composed of extracts from the most rare
flowers and herbs of an eastern clime—its discovery by a
lady of rank, was no less singular than its effects have been
felicitous during the last thirty years. Its universally great
demand excites the cupidity of unprincipled shopkeepers,
who give the title of "Genuine" Kalydor to some compounds
of their own manufacture of the most deleterious character,
containing mineral astringents utterly ruinous to the Com-
plexion, and by their repellant action endangering health.
It is, therefore, imperative on purchasers to see that the words
" Rowlimd's Kalydor" are on the wrapper.—All others are
fraudulent counterfeits,

ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE.
NORFOLK CIRCUIT.—Bedford, March 18.
(Before Mr. Justice PArrasoN.)
James Booth was indicted for having maliciously and un-
lawfully set fire to a stack of barley, the property of William
Squire.
The only evidence against the prisoner was that he had
been seen near the stack when the fire took place. He was
acquitted.
James Asplin and Thomas Elsome were charged with
wounding W illiam Bird, with intent to maim, disfigure, and
do him some grievous bodily harm.
Mr. Gunning and Mr. Birch appeared for the prosecution,
and Mr. O'Malley defended the prisoners.
The prosecutor is an under-keeper, or watcher, who, having
received instructions to preserve the game in a wood and
certain fields over which some gentlemen had received per-
mission from the occupier to shoot, proceeded on the night
of the 27th of December last to the wood, in consequence of
having heard a gun in that direction. As soon as he got into
the field adjoining the wood, he saw the two prisoners emerge
from it through a gap, Asplin being then armed with a gun,
while Elsome bore in his hand something which looked
very like a cock pheasant. Notwithstanding the disparity
of forces, Bird walked up to them, and, challenging them
with being "on trespass poaching," proceeded to collar
Elsome, while he intimated his intention to hand them both
over to the law.

The time, place, and circumstances were, unfortunately,
too suited for a fray, and Asplin in a moment dealt the keeper
a severe blow on the head, which brought him to his knees.
As he retained his hold, however, and persisted in so doing,
the two poachers then set upon him, and breaking the gun
over his head, inflicted several severe cuts and wounds, which
ultimatel,' had the desired effect. As soon as they had made
off the poor man crawled home and, giving the alarm, took
his bed, from which he did not rise for seven days, during
which time he was almost out of his senses, and in a most
critical condition.

Mr. O'MALLEY submitted that as the prosecutor had no
legal authority to arrest the prisoners, for he was not the
servant of the occupier or possessor of the wood, or the lord
of the manor wherein it was situated, this indictment could
not be sustained.

Mr. Justice PArrasose was clearly of opinion that, sup-
posing the arrest of Elsome was ever so illegal, Asplin could
not be justified in assaulting and wounding Bird. The pri-
soners having been found Guilty, they were sentenced to be
transported for fifteen years.
His LORDSHIP then disposed of several other cases, includ-
ing one of arson, in which the prisoner was charged with hav-
ing set fire to a pigstye. It appeared that the stye was in a
yard attached to a house, and inclosed.
Mr. PRENDERGAST, for the prisoner, submitted that the
pigstye in question was not an outhouse within the meaning
of the Act. The point taken by the Learned Counsel having
been reserved for future discussion before the fifteen Judges,
the prisoner was convicted upon the facts, and at a late hour
his Lordship proceeded to Huntingdon, whither Lord Abin-
ger had gone at an earlier hour, in order that preparations
might be made for commencing the business of that county
the first thing to-morrow morning, there being an unusual
quantity of business in that lively town.

OXFORD ClRCUlT.—Shrewsbury, March 18.
This morning, at ten, Mr. Baron Parke entered the Crown
Court, and Mr. Justice Coleridge presided on the Civil Side.
There are only 20 prisoners for trial, and, with the excep-
tion of four, they are charged only with the commission of
larcenies a very trivial character.
William Rowland was indicted for a felonious assault upon
one Edward Turner, with intent to maim and disfigure him.
The prisoner, it appeared, had been drinking on Tuesday
the 23d of last January, at the Horse Shoe public-house, at
Dorrington, in this county, with some others, amongst whom
was the prosecutor ; while there, an altercation arose in which
Rowland and Turner both took an active part ; they were,
however, separated by the bystanders, and the dispute seemed
to have subsided. Soon after, Rowland left the house, and
in about half an hour was followed by the prosecutor, whose
way home coincided with his. He had not, however, ad-
vanced many yards along the road, when the prisoner, who
had been apparently waiting for the purpose, commenced a
ftirious attack on him in the dark, and succeeded in knocking
him down ; while he was lying prostrate the prisoner knelt
upon him, drew his knife, a formidable instrument of its
kind, and inflicted several desperate wounds upon his face.
Some witnesses were called, who gave the man a good
character as far as regarded ordinary quiet conduct and de-
meanour, but, as it was impossible to negative the charge in
the present instance, he was, after a very brief deliberation,
convicted.

His LORDSHIP deferred passing sentence.
Joseph Willetts, aged 17, was charged with feloniously
firing a barn and four stacks of hay, grain, and clover, the
property of Joseph Morris.
Mr. Allen prosecuted.

Joseph Morris, a farmer, living near Halesowen, examined
by Mr. ALLEN—On the 10th of February I left home ; every-
thing was then safe. On my return home that night I found
my barns, stacks of hay, grain, and clover, nearly burnt to
the ground. I immediately set to work to assist in putting
out the flames. The neighbours were all similarly engaged.
The prisoner was the only one on the premises who rendered
no assistance, and he was standing idly by the stables, as he
said, to prevent the horses from kicking. I asked him some
time after to help at the fire, but he continued loitering about.
the stables.

George Graham, superintendent of the Halesowen
Pulice—
On the following day charged prisoner with the commission
of the offence. He stated when in custody that he had some
lucifer matches, which he had purchased in Halesowen on
the Tuesday before the fire, but had thrown them away.
Some time after I heard him, as if talking to himself, say,
" Oh, good God! it must have been me who set the barn on
fire—if I had a knife I could cut my own throat ;" and soon
after he expressed a wish to see his master.
His LORDSHIP having summed up, the jury immediately
found the prisoner Guilty, and he was sentenced to be trans-
ported for life.

NORTHERN CIRCUIT.—York, March 18.
CROWN COURT.—(Before Mr. Baron ROLFE.)
Thomas Walker was indicted for forging and uttering,
knowing the same to be forged, a certain interim order in
bankruptcy for the protection of the person and goods of an
insolvent debtor from arrest and execution.

The case being called on, Mr. WoWmET rose and said he
appeared as the representative of the Attorney-General, by
whom this prosecution was instituted on the part of the
Crown ; but he believed the Counsel for the defendant wished
to submit some observations to the Court.
Mr. WILKINS then rose and said that himself and his
Learned Friend Mr. Pashley had looked carefully into the
case, and they had come to the conclusion that they could
not resist the case, which they knew would be proved against
the defendant; and as no effectual defence could be made,
they had advised the defendant to plead guilty, which advice
he was ready to follow.
Mr. WORTLEY said that in that case he should not deem
it necessary to proceed upon any other charge against the de-
fendant. There were two other indictments; one for obtain-
ing money by false pretences, and another like the indict-
ment ,now before the Court. The course which he proposed
to adopt, was to take the plea of guilty upon the indictment
before them, upon which the defendant would receive the
judgment of the Court. To take a verdict of " not guilty"
upon the indictment for false pretences, would discharge the
jury from giving any verdict upon the other.
The defendant having surrendered and pleaded Guilty to
the indictment on which he stood charged.
The Learned JUDGE inquired what was the nature of the
charge ?
Mr. WORTLEY then stated that the defendant had been in
the habit of practising in the District Court of Bankruptcy
at Leeds, and having undertaken the case of an insolvent
debtor there, he gave to the debtor an interim order, pur-
porting to be signed by Mr. Bere, one of the Commissioners
of that Court, as a protection to the insolvent and his goods
against arrest and execution by any of the creditors. To
this order the defendant had forged the name of Mr. Com-
missioner Bere.

Some witnesses were then called to his character, and
.___

The defendant was then directed to stand down, the
Learned JUDGE saying he would make some inquiries, and
consider what sentence he should pass.
John Rose and Thomas Turner were indicted for feloniously
assaulting William Askew, on the highway, at Gilding
Wells, in the West Riding, and stealing from his person four
and a half sovereigns, a silver watch, a gold chain, a gold
key and gold seal, his property.
The case was proved, and the jury returned a verdict of
Guilty against both prisoners.
To be transported beyond the seas for 15 years.

IRISH ASSIZES.
KILKENNY, March 16.

31ORDER OF MR. JOHN MORTI3LER.—The Lord Chief Jus
tice took his seat on the bench at nine o'clock, and the long
panel being called over, the absent jurcrs were fined 5/. each for
non-attendance. The Court was soon crowded, it being
known that the trial of those accused of the murder of Mr.
Mortimer, at Freshford, was about to be proceeded with.
Laurence Dowling and Thomas Dowling were then placed
at the bar,, charged with the wilful murder of John Mortimer,
by Laurence Dowling striking him with a stick on the right
side of the head inflicting a mortal wound, of which he died
in the space of three hours, and that Thomas Dowling was
aiding and assisting.
Mr. BREWSTER. Q.C. (who came down specially), Stated
the case for the Crown. The two prisoners at the bar were
the sons of a man named Thomas Dowling, and who for
many 3 ears lived in the townland of Ballylarkin, a mile and
a quarter from the village of Freshf, rd. The father had
been a tenant of the late Mr. Mortimer, and the latter got.
into litigation with Dowling, who disputed his title to the
lands; the result was that the deceased brought an eject-
ment, old Dowling was defeated, and the deceased received
possession of the land in the year 1840. He was, however,
induced to grant a lease to the sons of the old man,
the prisoners at the bar. The lease was executed on the
25th of August, 1840, under which the prisoners were t•
hold twenty acres of land for the space of seven years.
Some penal clauses were inserted in the lease, and about
the year 1841 or 1842, the tenants not having fulfilled their
part of the covenant, disputes arose, and Mr. Mortimer took
proceedings in the Civil Bill Court against. the prisoners,
which were successful. This did not, however, put an end
to the litigation ; and in the course of the autumn of 1842
he employed Mr. Hyland to take further proceedings, which
he did, by issuing a capias. The prisoners then came to
terms, agreed to give up the possession of the farm, and to
pass two notes for six pounds each, payable at two distinct
periods. This arrangement was partly carried into effect on
the 25th of November, 1842, by the surrender of the
lease, and the murder, took place on the 29th, the day sub-
sequent to that on which possession should have been given
up. In the neighbourhood of the farm, at a distance of a
mile, there lived a person of the name of Tracy, whose name
had been heard before the present period in the criminal
annals of the county, and whose house was the receptacle
of the most dangerous and infamous characters. Among
others, he was intimate with a man named William Delany.
Possession not being given, Thomas Dowling, one of the
prisoners, came to the house of Tracy, and stated there
that he would rather (lie upon a dunghill than give
up the land ; but, although on the day of that
visit, the 28th of November, nothing definite was ar-
ranged with reference to the murder of Mr. Mortimer, it
would be proved that the object Dowling had in view was
to procure the co-operatian of Delany, who, being a native
of the county of Tipperary, was not known in Freshford,
and, therefore, a more desirable instrument. Mr. Mortimer,
finding that the Dowlings did not come to execute the notes,
determined on proceeding into Kilkenny on the 29th, in
order to consult his attorney; and, becoming aware of his
intention, Thomas Dowling, at break of day the same morn-
ing, returned to Tracy's, and he then proposed to Delany to
come to his house, where arrangements would be made to
meet and waylay Mr. Mortimer on his return from Kilkenny.
In the course of that day, the 29th, Mr. Mortimer pro-
ceeded to Kilkenny in the public van, to consult with his
attorney ; and Delany, in company with the prisoner
Thomas Dowling, came to the house of the latter at ten or
eleven o'clock on that day. Mr. Brewster next proceeded to
explain the place where the murder was committed, which
was in the- town of Freshford, opposite the chapel, and near
Mr. Mortimer's house, which was higher up and farther re-
moved from the Kilkenny-road. After some delay, the Dow-
lings did not conic up, and night falling, Delany proceeded
towards the house of the deceased, who lived net far from
the chapel, and stood in a stream, so as to see Mortimer
coming. Delany then saw the prisoners coming, and the
noise of the car was heard as it approached from Kilkenny,