The Sun.
London, England, 1850-09-23 00:00:00

THIS EVENING,

Will be proincel Lord Byron's gorgeom Spectacle of MAZEITA
and the WILD HORSE. Mazoppa, Mr. N. T. Slicks.
In consequence of the immense sacew of the Equestrian Ladles'
Feie, it will be repeated, the Scenes of the Circle being performed
and conducted exclusively by the highly talented Female Artists of
the Establishment.

To conclude with Fitzball'a popular Melodrama, entitled WAE.
DOCK RENNELSON.
Box-office open from Eleven till Four.
Stage 'Manager, Mr. W. West.

UTGII WATER Al LONDON BRIDGE.

IHI3 DAY —Mornirrr 55 min. after 2 Evening-12 min. after 3
To.2,fognow— Morning 29 min. after 3 ; Evening 44 min. after 3

THE WEATHER.—Sus OFFICE, SErrumEa 23.
THERMOMETER, IN TIII3 SUADIC.
65—highest since noon yesterday.
50—lowest this morning and during the night.
60—this day, at noon.

BAROMETER, 29'84.
WIND E.N.E.—dull, hazy weather; heavy rain this morning.

. 1
,1" Aii,:;Vii-(101.-,S, , 47. ;-'•,,_ ",..: ,;,;.
b(.;,_,,,...r.,--t..-::,..,:,_,,-,_7.-0,.._,„-,
;1,,r.,,,.,,
-.• „,
......,_ ii.,..iw.,„,„,.
~,,,,,„ „..„..„,....0„ .‘..,...•,..
~,,,,-,..... 'nor .
. . f-

Ill'iat3Xtrnr
LONDON, MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 180.

It is somewhat amusing to observe the ingenious
contrivances of the oriental newspapers to render
their broadsheets interesting, or, at any rate, readable,
in the absence of all important intelligence. A strik-
ing specimen of their skill under such emergencies
has been afforded by the journals brought by the
overland mail from Bombay and Calcutta. Every
conceivable, we had almost said every inconceivable,
theme has been dilated upon, which could at all be re-
garded as admitting of expatiating commentaries.
Whatever scraps of information were capable of
being gathered together in reference to the
remote provinces of Ilindostan have been
scrupulously recorded ; so that the absence of
war or insurrection in those countries does not wholly
appear, with the quidnuncs, to militate against their
attractiveness. From Kashmir we learn, for example,
that the old chieftain, Gnonan SINGH, restored to his
pristine health, is dispensing the hospitality of that
district to various Europeans of distinction. From
the Punjaub we glean no intelligence of any import-
ance. From Peshawur little beyond accounts of the
prevailing pestilence, and comments on the weather,
in as far as it is likely to aact vegetation.
From the central provinces arrive, bit by
bit, particulars of the latest movements made
by the Usbegs and the Affghans, such, for instance,
as the sojourn of AZEEM KHAN near Balkh, and the
continued activity of the Wullee of Khooloom. Ex-
pectation still continues as to the course likely to be
pursued towards the Afreedes by the Government—
the only occupations of the army having been re
striated to the examination of the passes connecting
together Kohat and Peshawur. It would appear
that in Jullundur the annoyance felt by the cultiva-
tors at the stringent conduct of the subordinate offi-
cials employed in the revenue survey, had.been forgot-
ten for awhile in the general gratification experienced
at the capture of a party of coiners by one of the
local magistracy, the delight derived from that cir-
cumstance being enhanced by the feet that these
same coiners had most ingeniously imitated the Com-
pany's rupee, and thereby, through their agents in
the different Indian cities, committed enormous de-
predation,. Among the news received from Lahore,
the most noticeable is the resumption cf jagheers
claimed by the principal eirdars under the ancient
dynasty, and the abolition of the chowkedarree-tax,
an Imposition which had led to little else than ex-
tortion.

Besides these general fragments of information, the
dispatches from llindostan contain intelligence of a
personal character of the most various description.
Scarcely anything is related as to the movements of
his Excellency the Governor-General, beyond the
fact that his vice-regal court still remains at Simla,
while he himself, accompanied by the Marchioness of
DALnoustE,has proceeded on his trip to Kunawur. Ad-
ditional particulars are furnished by the Indian jour-
nalist in reference to the melancholy suicide of
Colonel KING, late of the 14th Light Dragoons ; end
a variety of court-martials are likewise mentioned
as attracting a large amount of public ob-
servation. Conspicuous among these is the court-
martial on Lieutenant LITCHFORD for fighting a duel
with the adjutant of the 48th Netive Infantry; and
one on Lieutenant Ross, for applying to the civil
power for protection against a threat of being horse-
whipped, made against him by the editor of the
Nrofussilite. Together with these unfortunate inci-
dents are mentioned the cashiering of Lieutenant
BRADFORD, of the Artillery, and the approaching
trial of Major Pnir.r.te=, of the 7th Light Cavalry,'
at Jullundrir. Various rumours of official changes
are also given by the Calcutta press as having
been prevalent. Most of Ulm, however, are already
proved to be erroneous, such as the reports that Mr.
HENRY Tonntris was about to succeed Colonel
&ERMAN in the Lucknow Residency ; that Sir
HENRY ELLIOTT WAS about to replace Mr. THOMASON
as Lieutenant-Governor of Agra, and that the
Lieutenant-Governorship of B?ngal, under an en-
tirely new arrangement, was about to be conferred on
Mr. ILtuanax. These and several other whispered
changes served to entertain the gobeinouches of fin-
dostar.

With the earliest dispatches from England would
reach our oriental possessions the intellegenco
that Sir WILLIAM GoMM had been appointed,
as Commander-in-Chief of the Indian army, Sir
CAVILES NAPIER'S successor. That appointment
will, we doubt, cause as much satisfaction throughout
our military forces in Asia as it has done already
throughout the minds of all reflective observers in the
mother country. It will place those splendid forces at
the command of Sir WILLIAM Gomm in their highest
state of efficiency, the army having been brought to
that desirable condition by the tact, the
genius, and the untiring energy of that illustrious
soldier, the conqueror of Sinde.: Experience indeed has
shown that no arrangement conic' have bean made
better calculated to secure the improvement of the
British Indian forces than the conference of the
supreme military authority upon Sir eITARLES NA-
rIER immediately that the veteran hero of Sobraon
and Gcojerat had departed homewards from the scene
of his many glorious achievements. A disciplinarian
so strict us-the ex-Governor of Sinde was rendered
in a manner requisite' iu - superintending an
army whose recent triumphs might have induced
1.e43 energetic and vigilant Commander-

THE

in-Chief to treat them with unnecessary and
injudicious indulgence. Events have demon-
strated the advantages secured by the appoint-
ment; and DOW that Si: CHARLES NAPltzu has
friVilleol not only general expectation, but Lis own
comprehensive intentions, he is about to resign his
great po ers into the hands of his distingniihed sue•
censor, Sir 'WILLIAM Gomm, and to return to Eng-
land covered with new distinctions, both as a discipli-
narian and as a military administrator. We doubt
not that his welcome home amongst us will be to the
full as cordial as his brilliant career might justify
him in ex2ecting, and that his sword at least iniy be
laid aside without any fear of its " rusting inglo-
riously."

Lord BROUGITAM imputes the delay of seventeen
years which has taken place in the passing of the
County Courts Bill to the fact that in this country
there is no Minister to mature measures of reform,
superintend the administration of justice, and direct,
initiate, control, and carry into effect schemes for the
amendment of the law; and indeed the mode in which
the Bill recently passed was introduced into Parlia-
ment, and dealt with by the Commons, Lords, and
Ministers of the Crown, is in itself a strong argu-
ment to prove the necessity which exists for some
such responsible public functionary. " The Bill of
1833," remarks the Noble and Learned Lord, in his
letter to Lord DENMAN, " which I endeavoured to pass,
and only lost by a majority of one in the Lords, is at
length the law of the land. Its history is a little sin-
gular, and shows how capricious and uncertain our
legislation is on the most important of all subjects ; and,
I am clearly of opinion, capricious and uncertain be-
cause we have not a Minister of Justice." The Bill
was introduced into the House of Commons by a
Member unconnected with the Government; and it
passed the Lower House without the clauses giving
concurrent jurisdiction to the superior courts and an
appellate jurisdiction, which had formed parts of
the Ministerial Bill of 1833. These clauses were
inserted by the Lords at the instance of Lord
BROUGHAM, and they were afterwards &Treed to by
the House of Commons. Now it must be admitted
►hat a measure of such vast importance to the commer-
cial community and the legal profession ought to have
been introduced by a Minister of the Crown, every
clause being fully weighed, and carefully drawn, in-
stead of being left in an immature form to the chance
medley of a Parliamentary committer. What is
everybody's business is nobody's business ; and
it is obvious that many useful measures are now
marred, or altogether lost to the nation, because there
is not in England, as there is in most of the other
countries of Europe, a Minister of Justice. The
whole system of pleading in the superior courts loudly
calla for extensive alteration. Its prolixity and tech.
nical refinements—its delays—its uncertainty—its de-
feats of justice—its sacrifices of the real merits of
causes to rigid or subtle rules, and as a consequence
its incalculable expense—involving the vanquished
often in ruin, and leaving the victor, like the Cartha-
ginian General, to say, " another such victor z,' and I
am undone 1"—all demand the most vigorous and
yet judicious treatment. " The law's delay" was
reckoned as one of the almost insupportable evils of
human life in the reign of ELIZABETH, and it cannot
be denied that cheap and speedy justice is still far
from being attainable at Westminster Hall. It
is known that a large portion of the liar have been
for some years desirous of a change of system.
One recommends the abolition of special demurrers,
the arguments on which fill our modern reports,
another advises the total abolition of written pleadings,
a third points out how, by a modification of the ex-
isting system, justice can be administered in the
superior courts at a cheaper rate even than in the
new tribunals. The fees taken in the courts at
Westminster by masters, marshals, associates
judges' clerks, criers, and ushers, tend most consider.
ably to enhance the costs of law suits ; some of these
offices might be dispensed with altogether, and the
fees in the cases of the others ought to be very
materially reduced. The practice of the courts, too,
might with great advantage to the public be revised,
simplified, and cheapened. Now, why is it that
these changes, obviously so essential to the interests
of society, have been allowed to remain unac-
complished ? Is it not because there has
been no one individual vested with authority,
possessing the qualifications for such a task,—
eminent talent, enlightened by the principles of
jurisprudence, great experience in the practice of the
law, and matured judgment--charged with the duties
of Minister of Justice ? Lord MANSFIELD, whose
dictum that the substantial rules of pleading " are
founded in strong sense, and in the soundest and
closest logic," is often quoted by the disciples of
WENTWORTH, CHITTY, and STEPHENS, admits, in the
same sentence, that they were often made use of as
instruments of chicane ; would it not be a labour
worthy of the highest ambition to devise some means
to retain all that is valuable and practically conducive
to the ends of justice in the system of pleading, and
yet to provide against its being perverted to the pur-
pose of injustice and chicanery ? Lerd Bnounnem,
in concluding the letter which has suggested these re-
marks, with a spirit which reminds us of days that
are past, alluding to the dignity of such a work, ob-
serves—

"Let us briefly pause to consider of how noble a na-
ture are those efforts to amend the law, which we are
assiduously pressing upon the Legislature. Assuredly it
can have no more imperative duty; but also, it is a duty
the rigorous and successful perlormanco of which must
so certainly redound to great and lasting glory that one
is astonished to witness the neglect of it: For whom de
men in all ages most honour? Renowned lawgivers;
and if his name is ever held in grateful remembrance,
who without the embarrassment of existing but ill-con-
trived institutions, and the obstruction catered by long-
cherished and deeply.rooted prejudices, laid the founda-
tions of a system, how much more transcendant roust
be the merit, and how much more brilliant the fame of
those, who, extirpating inveterate error, sweep away
consecrated abuse, and dispelling pernicious obscurity,
make the law a filing letter, the protection of right and
the scourge of wrong—the support by a nobler ti•an
Roman charity of its parent Justice! These are the
greatest monuments the rulers of mankind can leave be•
hind thew. When Constantine called Trajan a wall-
flower, because his name as the founder was carved o❑
so many buildings, Bacon prefers Adrian's view, whose
mind was to wrestle a fall with time,' in repairing its
ravages. Yet this, the wisest of mankind held a far less
merit than forming colleges and lectures for education;
and that again seemed to bim as nothing, compared with
' establishing of good laws, which makes a whole nation
to be a well-ordered college or foundation.' "

Some months ago a Commission was issued by the
Crown to inquire into the'practice and pleadings of
the superior courts of law. How much more likely
such a Comfilission would be to produce good fruit if
it were under the direct superintendence of an effi-
cient high officer of state ! The great work of Chan-
cery reform has been begun ;
cc
hbjeeacpt
method
tvh,ohdicohf
oiabtatoini provide ;fir. TURNEIL'S Bill, the
an easy, speedy, and
puted points where the facts
hfnugettshiearCecurts' admitted,o i opinion
hason opnaesd iesd-
this year ; but what
ourte
htielepmerafor7oetdheinr tinheatCt
matters
or herculean
Chanceryu. ea n task_.... still n
—not
t remainstoin mention
n t i
ot
no
that call for the interference
and path nt scrutiny
It may be wro the law reformer ?
be done is of
say, nothing has billet" "Ye Lord Brougham, "to
moreover it is in
ato have been
met to say that what 4receinc"::Plislaed—hut it is cor-
incomparably greater importeneein• 3 lo
many respects exactly whati ought,,!l,ri;e.iln‘d
proceedings
have amended
thperovisions,
the least difficulty in
the Bankrupt Laws : the
main to be reformed. Ilr e have t,,,,ine Equity re-
useful, though paltry enough,. to Lbridgo
stye c't
cur statutes: we have done nothing to secure
superintendence of their structure and compositiort"Wel
have created an excellent appellate jurisdiction for our
Plantations: we have yet semewt at to improve in the
Court of Review for the mother country. We have miti-
gated the ceverity of the criminal code: we have given
no security to the public that offenders shell be brought
to justice. We have digested the Jaw of debtor and
creditor: the law generally, and above all We criminal
law, remains undigested, both common and statute. It
seems almost as if wo had, not perbep begun at the
wrong end, but certainly applied ourselves to remove
the least urgent evils, and certainly chosen to attempt
the things that were the most difficult, and in striving
alter which we were likely to be both- the most reluc-
tantly supported and the most strt nueusly opposed."

The tardy progress of law reform—the fruitless ex-
penditure of 100,0001. in preliminaries for a Digest of
the Criminal Law—the uncertainty and confusion
which is necessarily cceasioned by leaving the prac-
titioners of the law and the administrators of jus!ice
to pick up law, " cc pigeons peas," from musty folios,
antiquated authors, obscure reports, and contradictory
statutes, instead of placing before them an authorised
code—the chimery to which the system of pleading,
and more especially of special demurrers, affords a
covert for--the expense, vexation, end prolixity of the
forms of proceeding in the superior courts—the com-
plexity of t 1,2 rates which are there enforced—the

SUN,

tURE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

scrvzd to himself the direction of the general policy. In
the prevision of sudden eventualities, and for take of as-
suring complete unity of views and of action, which alone
gives force, he has designated the men to whom he de-

regales the application of his policy. This question na-
•turally leads to the consideration of the subject of an ap-
peal to the people. lam officially charg.la to make you
acquainted with the declaration of the Count de Chain-
bord. He has formally and absolutely condemned the
system of an appeal to the people as implying the ne-
gation of the grand national principle of hereditary
monarchy."

Such is the reward of the fidelity of the La Roche-
- such is the gratitude of the
Bourbons. The manifesto thus goes on to announce
the official appointment of a Legitimatist junta,
to whom all France is called upon to pay implicit
obedit nce:—
"ilt now follows that the Count of CHAMBORD
having reserved to himself the direction of ge-
neral policy, no individuality, either in the press or
elsewhere, can assume to himself the right of repre-
senting this policy. In the eyes of Legitimatists there
can bt2 no head but the one, and those whom he has
designated as his nzandalaires, and they are, as you
may perhaps already know, the Duc de Levis, Ge-
o,ral de Swint Priest, M. Barrycr, the Marquis de
Postorel, and the Due de Cars."

The secession of M. BERRYER from the Burgraves is
now a matter of course; neither the PRESIDE/ VT nor the
Orleanists can place any trust in the :acknowledged
chief of the Legitimatist faction.
M. DE LAROCHEJAQUELIN has lost no time in re-
plying to the insult addressed to him by this mani-
festo, and in a letter addressed to the various journals,
after expressing his bitter regret at the blindness of
those who could counsel the commission of such an
act of madness (aetc insensec) as the publication of
this manifesto, announces his virtual secession from
the Legitimatist party in the following words :
" I leave to others the care of henceforth defending
doctrines which, in my error, I thought I might Bop-
p); t without being held up to public scorn. I shall
always rest faithful to the interests of my country in
obeying the laws -which govern it, without pre-occupy-
ing myself with wishing, or foreseeing the future, to
which I must submit. I shall religiously keep in re-
serve, for the satisfaction of my conscience, the political
symbol which has been the faith of my entire life, but
I admit that the application of it will be impossible if
your manifesto should have its effect." _

The Journal des Dibats has the following on the
resolutions of the Councils-General :

" Out of eighty-five departments (that of the Seine
meets at a later period) sixty-four have deliberated on
the revision of the Constitution. That is the first point
to be stated. But all the councils in which the question
has been brought forward have not decided in favour of
the revision. Nevertheless, to form an idea of the
progress which this question has made during a year
in public opinion, it is well to compare the result of
the last session with that which has just terminated.
Last year only three Councils declared for the revision—
those of the Aube, the Marne, and the Gironde. But
this year the following is the recapitulation and classi-
fication, as exact as possible, of the votes of the 85
councils :-32 Councils have declared for the legal revi-
sion, that is for the revision effected at the period and
by the means which the Constitution itself has deter-
mined. Out of these 32 councils there are two (the
Arikge and the Oise) which have specially called the at-
tention of the Assembly to article 45 of the Constitution,
relative to the:non-re-election of the President of the Re-
public, and a third, that of Corsica, which formally de-
mands a prorogation of the powers of M. Louis Napoleon
Bonaparte.!One Council, that of the PyrenjPs-Orientales,
has demanded the pure and simple revision; and has also
solicited a prolongation of the powers of the present
President of the Republic. Ten Councils have expressed
the pure and simple wish for a revision. Five have de-
clared for the revision with the least delay possible. One,
that of Puy-de-Dame, has foreseen the case iu which ex-
traordinary circumstances, and the public safety, may
oblige the Legislative Assembly to revise the Constitu-
tion, and it has recognised its right so to do. Two
Councils, without formally demanding the revision,
have expressed the desire that the Assembly shall
adept means for setting aside the perils of the ac-
tual state of affairs. One Council, that of Gard,
has shown itself indifferent with respect to the revi-
sion,. and has contented itself with expressing the wish
contained in the well-known motto of M. de Laroche-
jaquelin—' Republic or Legitimate Monarchy.' On
the other hand, twenty-one Councils hare separated
without having deliberated on the :questior. Ten
Councils have rejected resolutions proposed in favour of
the revision. Two, those of the Vur and Yawing°, have
positively expressed the wish that the Constitution
shall be respected. On the whole, out of 83 Councils-
General 52 have declared themselver, more or less di-
rectly, more or less clearly, against the present Consti-
tution. We class in this category the Council-General
of the Gard, although it has solved the question by an
alternative. But its wish is not favourable to existing
institutions. Thirty-three Councils have refrained from
deliberating, or have declared themselves against the
res Lion. As far as we can judge by the documents be-
fere us, the numbErs in the majorities by which-the
question has been decided one way or the other have
been very variable. Such is the summary of the votes of
the Councils-General on this grand question of a re-
eisior."

The Constitatiorazel, the acknowledged organ of
the Ministry, has the following •on the arrest of the
Archbishop of CAGLIARI :

" We foresaw that attempts would be made to miere-
-presect the events which have taken place in Sardinia;
but we were far from thinking that it would be done by
declaring ignorance of these facts. This pretension is
not less strange than that of wishing to throw on the
Piedmonteso Government the reproach of giving the
provocation. Because an ecclesiastical dignitary declares
that he will not obey a law, a Government commits an
act of provocation is enforcing the law, and not allowing
it to become a dead letter! There are bishops in France
who lave protested against the law on public instrue-
tient, and who have declared that they will not give it
their co-operation; will the French Government be
guilty of provocation in carrying that law into execu-
tioe? The law on charitable establishments has existed
hthehas
for thirteen 'ears in Piedmont; it is not the Goverment
ar Irh
two
Chambers suddenly thoughts who
oo f
voted
applying
h it a
p l c
Sardinia;
tpoti e üby
it was
a law of the Ist of May' 1850. Is or is not 1
ledmoni a
constitutional kingdom? Are the Ministers
aro they not bound to obey the decision
of the two Cham-
bees, converted into a l
gerant o"
The of law?''
Slack
has been condemned to
three months' in)
publication of apirithesol on the
and 2,000 f. fine, for the
stated that the vegetabtlh e PRESIDENT. The libel
sent
tst from the garden at St.
Cloud were regularly
they were never paid for by theo nthe Elyttle, but that
RESIDEAT.
The grand review which was to have taken place at
Versailles on Sunday, in
honour of
Nepaul ese Ambassador, has been postponed the visit of the
Had the review taken place on asundaY to Teuesday.
would have been crowded by persona wh
9 well far ok navn de
drowned any Monarchical cries
by cries of "Vise la
Republique ;" on a w, ek day,' however, a judicious
disposition of the forces. at the command of the S -
ciety of 10th December may, perhaps, secure a sera_
Nance of a Napoleonic demonstration.
Accounts from Guadaloupe of the 19th ult, state
that JosErtt HENRY, alias SIXIEME, was guillotined
Oil the 17th.
General DE CASTRO, founder of the Republic of
Costa Rica, has arrived in Paris, where he proposes to
pass some time.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS-AT THE.
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, SEPT. el.
Boulogne and Amiens, 7% ex dir.—East Indian, 934--
Paris and Rouen, 24A._

multiplicity of fees exacted from suitors under the
name of fees of court—the unnecessary offices for
which litigants are taxed—the long permitted
impc-rfeetions of the Bankruptcy code—the
piecemeal enactments respnting Insolveoey—tiro
unsatisfactory legislation respecting the County
Courts—the fact that the position of the Ihr in relation
to these courts is left undefined and unsettled—the
giant Evils of Chancery—the blunders and solecisms
in Acts of Parliament—the objectionable mode of
passing private Bills—the unsatisfactory practice re-
I sting to divorces—the accumulation of business on
the hands of the Masters in Chanccry—the unsettled
state of the appellate jurisdiction,—ail bear witness to
the necessity of constituting a department presided
over by a Minister of Justice! To continue to divide
the responsibility of amending the law between the
Lord Chancellor, the Judges, and the Law Officers
of the Crown, all having themselves active and
laborious duties to perform, will only delay reform,
and perhaps perpetuate the vicious practices which
Lord BROUGUAM has so opportunely held up to public
vie w.

We have received the Paris journals of Saturday
and yesterday.
The Count DE CHABCBORD, like his ancestors, has
been taught nothing, has forgotten nothing."
Powerless and in exile, he still exclaims, as Louts
XIV. did in the height of his power, L'Etat c'est
moi. Ile rejects anything like an appeal to the people
in support of his pretensions as treason to his " right
Divine," and in his manifesto, published in the journals
of Saturday, tells the people of France that they are
his property ; that they have no right to the enjoy-
ment of either property or liberty but by his good
pleasure, and that he will not accept advice even under
present circumstances from any of his adherents, but
" reserves to himself the direction of general policy."
This manifesto is dated from Wiesbaden. It is a
circular addressed to the chiefs of the .Legiti-
inatist clubs in France, and is signed by
M DE BARTHELEMY, the Secretary of the Legitima-
tist Club of the Rue Monthabor, of which M. BER-
RYER h President. The following is the passage in
which the Count DE CHAMBORD deliberately repu-
diates the proposition of M. DE LAROCHEJAQUELIN
for an appeal to the people, and stigmatizes the most
chivalrous of his supporters as guilty of something
like treason :
" The Count of Chambord has declared that he re-