The Sun.
London, England, 1850-10-17 00:00:00

prelate, we may observe, who warmly supported Arch-
bishop adurray.and the more liberal of the bishops in
espousing the cause of mixed education—the Pope,—in
nominating his successor, adopted the utterly unpreCe-
dented step of entirely disregarding the recommendation
of the Irish priests and bishops, and nominating: a
stranger who had not been named or thought of in a
single suffrage at the domestic election, passing by three
men of the very highest repute and most blamt,io/I.als
ratter in the Irish Roman Catholic Church, whose names
were recommended by the Irish priests and bishops. The
Papal Court nominated to the vacant Primacy its present
occupant, Dr. Cullen, an Irishman by birth, but who
for thirty years been domiciled as a priest in "the
Eternal City," and who, there fore, in feeling, and habit,
and association, may fairly be considered as a foreigner
—whom we may certainly believe to be imbued with the
politics and sentiments of the Papal Court. Here, then,
argues the writer in the University Magazine, is lost
the security upon which such Romish prelates as Dr,
Doyle and Archbishop Murray declared the State might
depend. The new Primate has been appointed, not by
Irishmen, but by Italians. He owes his nomination to
his high office in no degree, however small, to the choice
or recommendation of any one even owing the duty of
ullegias.ce to the Queen. On the contrary, his appoint-
ment is a direct slight upon the recommenclaioh, of
British subjects. Neither is he a resident of the hitisish
dominions. The Irish born priest, who has for thirty
years been a resident at the Vatican, is a drnizem, not
of Ireland, but of Rome. And when this prelate
comes to Ireland, owing his elevation entirely to
Papal influence, and comes, moreover, with a spe-
cial pontifical delegation, we find his very first
act to be to convene, in a style, su far as his means ex-
tended, of pompous magnificence, a synod that he calls
rational. Over this novel convocation he presides; by

. _
the delegated authority of the Pope; and it is now no
secret that, for the express purpose of overruling the
opinions of the more moderate of the Irish bishops, he
calls upon the Synod to register with uninquiring rever-
ence" the decrees of the Papal conclave, regulating the
mode in which Irishmen are' to 'be edithated, and de-
nouncing the institutions which the British Parliament
and Britiih So'vereign have' provided fur that purpose.
:Without saying bow far we adopt the inferences that the
Dublin University Magazine draws from these facts, it
cannot be denied that the unusual mode of this appoint-
ment, following the still more unusual proceedings by
which his primacy has been inaugurated, does at least
lend countenance to the suspicion that some new and
daring policy is contemplated at Rome, to carry out
which it was necessary to break through established
usages and select the most fitting instrument, in disre-
gard of recommendations that hare been usually deferred
to. So far, the facts stated by the writer in the maga-
zine are facts of public notoriety, and upon the existence
of which, therefore, no controversy can arise. Another
statement, however, is added, for which no authority is
given, and which, we confess, appears to require some.
It is stated in the very respectable and cautious periodi-
cal upon which we are commenting, that the new Pri-
mate has declined to take the oath of allegiance to the
Queen, and tbas necessity of taking that oath as a quali-
fication is assigned as a reason for his refusing an office
of charity and trust. If this statement be accurate, and
it has now been a fortnight before the public uncontra-
dieted, it does appear to us to be a matter deserving:the
most serious attention. Perhaps, if it be true, the most
charitable construction of Dr. Cullen's conduct
would be that, by long residence at Rome, he
regarded himself as a naturalised Roman citizen.
The plea would be as bad in reason as it would
be in law. We confess that, with the power and status
now conferred upon the Irish Roman Catholic. Church
we cannot feel it a matter of indifference that the head
of that Church, a man, too, who seems resolved to signa-
lise his primacy by calling out its energies into unusual
activity—should, in temporal as well as spiritual things,
consider hiniself a Roman not a British citizen—a sub-
ject of Pio Nono, and not of the Queen. Let us hope
that, as:to this matter of the oath of allegiance, there is
some mistake. Still, whatever may be the real state of
facts with regard to this, there is in the unquestioned
facts that are made the subject of comment in the Uni-
versity Magazine, in the strange spectacles of the re-
cently assembled Synod, viewed in connexion with the
appointment of the convener—there is, we say, in these
things matter sufficient to occupy the grave attention of
all who know the tremendous influence which the policy
of the Romish Church can exercise upon the peace and
prosperity of Ireland, and, through Ireland, upon the
well-being of the British empire.

DAILY NjpWS,7-715oFpg„ writgrs, who are
strenuous supporters of absolutism and authority in
their worst shapes and in all climes, are, or affect to be,
greatly shocked that the Pope should have appointed
Dr. Wiseman to wear, in conjunction with a cardinal's
bat, the title of Archbishop of Westminster. They
describe it as a gross insult to her Majesty, and a kind of
a challenge to the powers that be in this kingdom, sit-
ting as they do at Westminster. Be the wrong or the
insult what they may be, it is quite certain that they are
but part and parcel of that absolutist reaction which the
Times has abetted, and excited, and fanned, and flattered.
Nothing can be more evident than that the Pope is not
the creature of his own will. When he was master of
himself and of his intellects, and in harmony with his
people, he was a liberal pontiff, denouncing no education
as godless, and bearding no constitutional monarchies by
his legates, his archbishops, and his pretensions at eccle-
siastical immunities and independence. It is only since
he has been restored by the arms of France, inspired by
the councils of Naples, and directed by the Cabinet or
Vienna, or rather, it is only since he has handed over
his Government to priestly ministers that follow these
councils, that the Pope has become bigoted, reaction-
ary, hostile to British interests, exciting the flame of dis-
card in Ireland to a serious degree, and in England to an in-
convenient one. What, however, has done all this, save
the military and absolutist reaction? What power has
been employed or influence spent towards enabling the
Pope to disturb the peace of Ireland and insult the dig-
nity of England, in a more marked manner than the
power and influence of the Times journal ? The Times
it was that hallooed on the French in their invasion of
Rome, and panegyrised it. The Times it was, whose
representative was the ally and the organ of the Neapo-
litan generals, and priests, and ministers, and court.
The Times represented Lord Aberdeen and the senti-
ments of the Tory party. And as such the support of
the Times was most influential in encouraging the
powers to restore the Pope to all the insolence of
absolute power and irrefragable wisdom. When the
efforts of • some English statesmen were directed,
timidly and cautiously enough, heaven knows, to-
wards rearing up a constitutional system in Italy with a
constitutional party to work it ; when the suc-
cess of such advice could alone, it was evident, have
saved north, and south, and central Italy, from thetrasp
of absolutism and the resuscitated domination of a bi-
goted priesthood—who scouted this huMane effort—who
raved and plotted to defeat it? The followers of Lord
Aberdeen and the writers of the Times. Is it, then, in

the expression of tardy repentance, or in the mere inso-
-1 .nee of inconsistency, that the Times comes at this Ise
hour of the day to denounce the awakened bigotry of
the Pope? Is it that these people insist on re-establish-
ing absolutism, yet will not have its consequences, that
rw autocracy,n. g martialla really ,
they will lick the foot of the soldier, yet complain of his
brutality? Kiss the Pope's toe one day, and be indig-
nant the next that he employs the honoured member in
dealing a kick to the majesty of England? These
adorers
and makeupl
their minds to the consequences of their own acts. if
they s willmassacres
and
ehaves restorers
so
imperial
er
es
infallibility, they must expect executions and contisca-
inßoman Catholic
legates and cardinals of' Westminster. What is and
has been for these months past, the daily
preachment of
theyacand s of
om tyrannyafiog shouldingwoman-floggings,
law,
Protestant
the Times, the organ of all that is bigoted
and reactionist
in Europe? .It has been to support the hyper-catholic,
ultra-absolutist power of Austria, fiercely and uncom-
promisinglyeaoupspe in osedNtoorathGermany.constitutional
Itasnedntirree policy
liberal spirit. in Italy, as well as to a constitutional and
its undoubted power, its casual eloquence have been
employed to crush the Protestant and free-thoughted
principle in Europe. And the public of England has been
foolish and criminal enough to support a journal in the
prosecution of so vile an aim, and by allowing it to
stand forth as the most accredited organ of the country,
they have thus degraded England and themselves irre-
deemably in the eyes of the great world of Europe. There
existed in 1848 large elements and great hopes for the
constitutional organization of Italy. In these hopes
were included the liberalisation of the popedom.
The mere devotee may consider the pontiff's
as an isolated, a divinely-instructed mind. But
common sense and experience show that he, like all
men and monarchs, is the creature of circumstances, a
constitutionalist and a liberal Catholic to-day, an Aus-
trian and a bigot to-morrow. Future pontiffs will be
precisely what they are made by the elements that sur-
round them. Establish constitutional systems through-
out Italy, throw open education and the press, and then
decree, if it so please you, that the Pope's sacerdotal
duties shall be quite distinct from his temporal ones.
The precaution would be vain. The ideas, the interests,
the entire atmosphere would be changed. And how-
ever the dogmas of Catholicism might remain the same,
the spirit of Rome and of its pontiff would become assi-
milated to that of enlightened and civilised Catholics,
such as Protestants might respect, and could
neither contemn nor fear. Such a state of things
Italy
or feelings can, however, never be attained in
or in Europe,. except by sueh policy and such ad-
vice as Lord Mints gave, and as flowed from his pen
and from that of other British representatives in
Italy (one, alas! now no more) in that memorable
year of 1848. The power of England might in
that year have saved Italy, might have protected Sicily,:
and rendered constitutional and free country, as
Piedmont still remains. Whilst the success of such ef-
forts in conjunction witlY France would have kept the
French from that disastrous series of blunders in Rome,
which has delivered Italy to all the tyranny and bigotry
of the fifteenth century. If the Roman Catholic, or ra-
ther if the purely papal religion, has become resuscitated
and menacing in a political as well as a religious sense,
it is solely because of its new alliance with absolutism,
and because of the cowardice and treachery of moderate
men, who have flung themselves from exaggerated hor-
ror of anarchy in morals aid in politics, into the oppo-
site extreme of supporting all that is despotic, and bi-
goted, and retrograde. Pl>ople are awilentng, however.
Those who could even applaud liaynau's butcheries are
displeased that the Pope should appoint a cardinal in
Palace-yard. They forg:t that a thorough despot can
never forgive a country for being constitutional, nor a n
1 ultra-Pope cease to war upon, and agitate in, a country
that is PrOtestant.

PorAio PLonßo—An importation having taken
place from abroad of a quantity of farina or potato flour, the
importer requested that it might be regarded in the same
manner as wheaten dour, and delivered at a duty of 41d. per
cwt. ; - but its, the article appears to be not only serviceable
for food, but also as an important material in a manufac-
turing process, it Wa3 decided to be liable to the ad valorem
auty of 10 per cent. as a 'manufactured article, and ordered
to be chased aisadingip