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PUBLICATIONS.

formal alliance or concordat with Rome can convey
to an English Minister an hundredth part of that su-
premacy over the Chtirel, its spirit, and its nomina-
tions, which has bren ived apparently from Rome,
and which is wielded by the Catholic Monarchs of Aus-
tria and France. Neither does an English Minister
want that minute power which must be wielded by a
Prussian Minister, who, as yet, has no assistance, from
puttlx opinion in his system of ruling, and who must have
a bridle in every mouth, and that bridle tight drawn, ere
he can feel that he governs at all."

' for the labourers of Dorset, sending down commis-
sions, corresponding with the Dorchester unionists,
demanding better pay and better houses, sending an
army of inspectors to pry and peep everywhere, and
stand by on Saturday night, when the labourers were
paid their wages, lugging the names of every town
and village, and every landowner and farmer before
the House of Commons night after night, with no
end of black images, dark apprehensions, and solemn
appeals, it is not unlikely that Mr. Bankes and his
colleague would have made some attempt to transfer
the war of agitation to their enemies' country, and
given the Lancashire gentlemen just a taste of the
evils they were suffering.
Nay, truth itself requires these retaliations. If
one employer charges on another the ill-condition
of his servants, it is quite necessary to inquire,
" How do you manage ?" If a parent censures the
excessive strictness of another's domestic menage,
it is obvious and inevitable to reply, " But your
Children are ill-bred." The manufacturer is
charged with working his servants too young, too
much, too carelessly, and so forth. He cannot but
inquire, " How do you contrive to give a sufficiency
of wages to your servants without these acknowledged
evils ? You are lavish of your precepts. Show me
your example. How do you actually get over the
difficulties under which the great bulk of mankind are
sentenced to earn their bread ?" Let Mr. Bankes
just for a moment quit the charmed circle of his castle,
his tenantry, and his agricultural meeting, and put
himself in the place of a Manchester manufacturer,
and he will learn to make allowances, and to take
truth even at the mouth of a rival ; at least, to meet
assertions with facts.

LIVERPOOL RAILWAYS.
TIIE RAILWAY REGISTER and RECORD
of ENGINEERING for JANUARY, edited by HYDE
CLARKE, Esq., price Ilalf.a.Crown, contains :—The Liverpool and
Ormskirk Railway, with a coloured Map—Kollmann's Railway,
with a Plate—Railway Experiments, with Five Engravings—
Mining in Mexico, by John Phillips, Esq.—Cornish Mining, with
Three Engravings, by J. Y. Watson, Esq.—Official List of Rail-
ways which have lodged their plans—The Meetings of the Month—
Official Railway Time Bills.

Weale, 59, High Holborn; Thomas, Finch.lane ; srappel,
Liverpool ; Messrs. Thomson, Manchester ; Bielby, Birmingham 5
Ntven, jun., Glasgow; Mrs. Strong, Bristol; II olden, Rader;
Andrews, Durham; and all Zooksellfers.

IVe repeat, we do not undervalue the importance
of enlisting spiritual authority on the side of public
order. It is good for this at least, if for nothing
more—it deprives disturbers of order of that autho-
rity ; turns it against them, instead of enabling them
to appeal to it in their favour. But no authority,
empty-handed, is really powerful with bodies of men,
unless exercised in coincidence with their own sub-
stantipl interests and conditions of existence. The
Court of Rome has had time to learn this, in its long
years of experienced feebleness • the Court of England
will find it out, if it expects from Rome permanent
opiates for Ireland.

VAII'Lt) IMENT.—Persons having a tittle time
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THE DUBLIN UNIVERSITY MAGAZINE
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rHE LANCET.—No. I. of a NEW VOLUME,
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CONTENTS FOR 1545:—1. Lectures on Organic Chemistry, by
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whether PRICE'S PATENT CANDLES do not give so much
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London : John Churchill.
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THE NINTH EDITION.
Just Published, in a 'Ailed envelope, price 21. td., and sent free, on
receipt of a Post-office Order, for 3s. 6d.,
MANLY HEALTH : a Popular Inquiry into the
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nes% indigestion, and consumption. Including a corn; rehensive Dls
sertation on SIA RRIAGE. Illictratea with Ca,es, &c. By
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and all Booksellers.

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SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.

FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF YESTERDAY.
GLOBE.—It was predicted by Peter Plymley,
about 1807, that " we shall live to see the Hampstead
Protestant (Mr. Perceval) pronouncing such extrava-
gant panegyrics upon holy water, and paying
such fulsome compliments to the thumbs and
toes of departed saints, that parties will change
sentiments, and Lord Henry Petty and Sam
Whitbread take a spell at No Popery." Part
of this prophecy we witness at present some-
thing like the fulfilment of. The Times last week
appeared to have had its cue from the Foreign-office
to put forth a feeler on the subject of instituting
diplomatic relations with the Court of Rome, with a
view to obtaining Papal mediation between the Irish
Roman Catholic hierarchy and the Government. Now
we have no objection whatever to friendly relations
with the Court of Rome, nor to the use of its media-
tion in conciliating the Irish Roman Catholic priest-
hood to the civil power. It will be a mistake, how -
ever, in our Government to exaggerate to itself the
effect thereby attainable. The most advantageous
introduction of parties (public or private) to each
other, has little effect, unless their feelings and objects
shall harmonise afterwards. We appreciate the influ-
ence of the See of Rome over its conscientious ad-
herents; an acknowledged authority is a great matter
to have to point to, on one side or other; and we
have no doubt that this Government would be as
successful as any other in enlisting that authority
on the side of its own just requirements. But we
must not exaggerate the real extent of any ex-
clusively spiritual influence. The Pope's name
may be a tower of strength ; but the fate of the
tower depends, after all, on the garrison. The Papal
authority will ba all-powerful with a local clergy, so
long as it is exerted in accordance with their own
feelings and prospects. But no authority on earth
can produce action contrary to class-instincts. The
University of Oxford declared the duty of passive
obedience, only a year or two before, with the rest of
the Church, it commenced resistance to James the
Second. The advanced guard of Puseyism pro-
claims the sin of schism from the Roman Church
now—but takes it extremely unkind to have the con-
sequent duty urged on it of instant reunion. The
logic of facts, and actual circumstances, is stronger
than that of words. The Times says :
" We shall not attempt to explain by what means in
the present absurd state of the law any intercourse
between the British Government and the Court of
Rome may have taken place. But it is notorious that
such intercourse has taken place at various times ;
and, although the indirect mode in which it must hale
been carried on was unbecoming the great interests
affected by such negotiations, the interests of peace
and conciliation have been no losers by these transac-
tions. We allude to the consent of Rome to the veto,
which was subsequently defeated by the Irish Roman Ca-
tholic laity ; to the influence of the Pope in calming the
excitement of the Canadian insurgents and in proscribing
the slave trade ; and more recently to the sanction which
is understood to have been given to the important
measure just promulgated in Ireland. On these occa-
sions it has been found that the good order and welfare
of the Roman Catholic Church presented no obstacles,
but rather a powerful assistance, to a wise and tolerant
policy in civil government ; and since the laws of this
country have ceased to persecute the Roman Catholics
and to deny their civil existence, there is no secure or
tenable resting-place between that state of things, which
is now passed away, and the recognition of those authori-
ties, to which the Roman Catholic clergy and laity
ascribe a controlling power in the direction of their
spiritual concerns."
It must be observed, with reference to the above
statement, that if " the interests of peace and concilia-
tion have been no losers" by such transactions as
our Government has hitherto had with the Court
of Rome, neither does it, as yet, clearly appear
that they have been any gainers. The Veto [of
Government on the appointment of Irish Roman
Catholic Bishops] was not carried—the revolt of
French Roman Catholic Canada was not prevented.
We do not contend that Papal intervention is of no
use in any such cases, or that (in the existing state of
political powers) it is likely to he used on any side but
on that of order. We only suggest something more
as wanting to the conciliation, by such means, of third
parties—something addressed more directly to the
business and bosoms of those parties themselves. The
.M'orning Chronicle examines, as follows, the ex-
amples of Austria and France, which the Times had
cited :

DORSETSHIRE LABOURERS.
(From the Times.)
Mr. Bankes seems resolved that the condition-of-
the-labourer controversy shall not close for the season
without leaving a nest-egg for future discussions.
On Saturday week the Blandford Agricultural
Society held their annual meeting, and reviewed the
agricultural year in some . speeches marked, on the
whole, by good sense and good feeling. The speakers
appeared to be practical men, with no other object
than to improve land, increase produce, and better the
landlord, tenant, and labourer. Mr. Bankes was the
only exception to the practical tone of the meeting.
Either relying on the unassailable strength of his
cause, or buoyed up by those peculiar encouragements
which are sure to meet a wealthy landlord and in-
fluential man in his own neighbourhood, he under-
took to account for the disagreeable circumstance of
Dorsetshire having just now rather a bad name in the
kingdom at large.
That it has a bad name is not disputed. Other
counties possess claims to notice, but Dorsetshire ap-
pears to receive it. Notwithstanding the fires of
Suffolk, the occasional riots of Wales, the strikes of
Durham, the overwork of Lancashire, and the con-
centrated miseries of the metropolis, yet destitution
and degradation cannot be mentioned without the
mind naturally turning to Dorsetshire. The Dorset-
shire labourer, Dorsetshire wages, Dorsetshire cot-
tages, Dorsetshire parish houses, Dorsetshire bed-
rooms, Dorsetshire depopulations, are becoming almost
household words. We have Cheshire cheese, Devon-
shire cream, Norfolk turkeys, Essex calves, Wiltshire
bacon, and other provincial delicacies. But for
large families, existing on Bs., or even 7s. a week
for undrained mud floors, for a dozen or more of all
sexes and ages in one bed-roam, for every other form
of squalid brutish degradation, we go to Dorsetshire.
The opinion may be absolutely unfounded, but still it
is universal. Dorsetshire, justly or unjustly, has fur-
nished a type of agricultural misery. There is a
poetry in the human mind which naturally leans to
locality and circumstance. We are slow to conceive
and remember what we have not invested with familiar
place and form. So it is with the greatest facility
that the popular intellect has imbibed the idea of that
almost dramatic character, a Dorsetshire labourer.

To this opinion Mr. Bankes addressed himself at
Blandford last Saturday, and proceeded—not to
confute it—not to deny any one of the allegations
on which it was maintained—not to advance a single
fact of a contrary character; but to point out how
such an opinion might possibly have spread, and that
its prevalence did not necessarily involve its truth.
" The Dorset labourer has obtained a very pro-
minent situation in the public eye. Whether
we grieve cr rejoice at it, such is the fact, and
it does not become us to shrink from it. The
reason for the peculiar notoriety of the Dorset
labourer, I believe, may be justly attributed to some
public transactions which I will slightly allude to.
fhey are transactions which convey no discredit to
this county ; two transactions, in particular, I refer
to." The first of these is the prosecution of some
Dorsetshire labourers twelve or fourteen years since
for illegal combination ; and the other is one of more
recent date, which, as far as it goes, we agree with
Mr. Bankes in considering very honourable to the
county—viz., the prominent part taken by Lord
Ashley in the factory question :
" I have conscientiously given my support to the
Noble Lord, and, as a humble supporter of him, I am
sure we had no idea of making an attack upon any
one, or accusing any one of cruelty and harshness.
We did consider, on full consideration of this very
delicate question, that some interposition might be
safely applied, but without the remotest idea of in-
flicting any injury on any other interest, and without
the slightest intention of casting any slur upon any
member of a different class. We sustained that
question, and shall sustain it still ; but it is from that
cause that the Dorsetshire labourer is brought for-
ward, and his case stated to be one of peculiar hard-
ship, peculiar neglect, and peculiar abuse, contrary,
I'll venture to say, to the facts of the case, and, I be-
lieve, contrary to the knowledge of those who thus
venture to state them."
The Member for Dorsetshire is a public man of
business, a man of weight with his party, and even
has pretensions to statesmanship; yet how does he
meet a serious charge—a universal belief? By show-
ing a possible foundation in accident, interest, and
malice. Yet the facts were before his face, and under
his very feet. A numerous body of labourers had
just been rewarded, and at that moment were being
feasted in the same house; a numerous body
of gentlemen and clergymen were in the room.
Here was a host of competent witnesses. All
the circumstances of the scene were as favourable for
the impirtial development of the truth, as for the
favourable reception of Mr. Bankes's singularly in-
sufficient apology. Here is the county Member, a
leading man of his party, at an agricultural dinner ;
excuse the comparison—a cock on his own dunghill.
On rising to speak "he was received," as became his
station and character, " with loud and protracted
cheers." He was addressing " a large and influential
portion of the censtituencv, ' and had, as he expressed
it, the peculiar pleasure of "making one in this room
with the large portion of the agriculturists of this
county here assembled, mingled as it is this
evening with so many belonging to this opu-
lent and influential town, who are engaged
in other pursuits, trades, and occupations." What a
noble opportunity of eliciting and declaring to the
deluded kingdom the facts of the case ! Why not
out at once with the rates of wages, summer and
winter, a description of the cottages, and fare, and
other plain realities ? The successful candidates for
the labourers' prizes had each received " a neat and
pretty testimonial, expensively framed and glazed,
to hang up in his cottage !" How complete the
scene would have been if " a neat and pretty "
landlords' testimonial could have been added to the
series !

THE LATE CALAMITOUS FIRE IN
GUILDFORD-STREET.
INQUEST ON TIIE SUFFERERS.

Practical men always make the best of their way
to the facts of a question. However it may have
been originally started, they try to bring truth out of
it. The truth is the only thing that can really set
it at rest. Few discussions arise out of the love of
truth in the first instance. Inferior motives will take
the lead, and mix themselves with the whole course
of the inquiry. A wise man casts them aside, and
searches for facts. It is but a feminine mode of
debate to descend from a question of fact to a question
of motive, and merely perpetuate a miserable war of
personal recriminations. If it were a sufficient
answer to any considerable statement that there are
interested or malicious reasons for propounding or
believing it, there is an end to all human certainty,
and all exactness of knowledge, for there are few
statements which are not in that predicament.
But, after all, why should we not accept informa-
tion at rival, or even at hostile hands? An external
observer can generally add something to the know-
ledge even of the most experienced men. They
who have lived in a system are, of course, assi-
milated to it. They are reconciled to abuses,
they . recognise pretensions, they acquiesce in
seeming impossibilities, they admit apologies, they
yield to partialities, all perhaps grossly at variance
with truth and justice; and from which a stranger
to the system, without their more practical experi-
ence, is happily exempt. Everybody is keenly alive
to the virtues of his own craft, and the vices of others ;
and so invincilde is the bigotry of cast and circum-
stances, that we cannot be too thankful for the light
occasionally communicated by caste to caste, and one
sphere to another. Lord Ashley sees the factory
system with a more bird's-eye view, and to some ex-
tent with a truer view, than the millowners ; and
they, on the other hand, can form a judgment on the
agricultural system truer in some important respects
than what the Members for Dorsetshire are likely to
have fallen into.

A NEW AND IMPORTANT EDITION OF THE SILENT
FRIEND ON HUMAN FRAILTY.

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" The influence of the Courts of the Tuileries and of
Vienna over their upper clergy does not depend upon
the power of choosing, or forbidding to be chosen,
obnoxious persons ; it consists in the Court connexion
with the prelates, generally of noble axed courtly families.
in the power of the Governments of France and
Austria at Rome itself—in short, iu a host of things
Anti of patronage to which au English Government
must remain a stranger. We doubt, then, that a

Mr. Wakley, Coroner for Middlesex, Mr. G. J. Mills,
Deputy-Coroner, and the jury empanelled to inquire
into the circumstances connected with the late fire at 67,
Guildford-street, Russell-square, by which four unfor-
tunate individuals lost their lives, re-assembled yesterday
in the Angel Inn, High-street, St. Giles, for the purpose
of further prosecuting the inquiry.
Fairey, Esq., the gentleman on whose premises
the fire occurred, Mr. Braidwood, superintendent of the
London Fire Brigade, and others interested in the
evidence, were present.
Precisely at ten o'clock the Coroner and Deputy-
Coroner entered, and the names of the jurymen having
been called over, they were sworn, and the court was
opened in the usual form. The names of the unfortunate
men, it will be remembered, were Robert Birkmyre and
John Wright, police-constables of the E division, Charles
Jenkins, a groom, and William Robinson, a clerk.
The first witness, Frederick Perrier, fireman No. 78,
said that he found John Birkmyre in the ruins, on
Saturday, the 21st. Found him in the front kitchen
alive. Heard a cry of " Here, here ! Help ! For God's
sake, save rue !" I crawled under the fallen wood work,
and asked if any one was there. He said " Yes, Jack's
here." With assistance I got him out in about three-
quarters of an hour. Found the young man, William
Robinson, about half-past three the same afternoon, on
the top of the ruins, between the rafters, with
his face towards Russell-qsuare. The body was greatly
burned. I also found a drunken mau on the premises,
but he was recovered.

A young man stepped forward, and said that some
remains had been found, which were supposed to belong
to the deceased Robinson.

And if th;,re he something like retaliation, so long
a, human nature remains what it is, that is inevitable.
We can only learn to take it easy, and make the best
of it. If Cobden and Co. had begun with agitating

Witness—l cannot say how the drunken man came on
the ruins. He was apparently insensible, and could give
no answer to the questions asked him. I did not know
John Birkmyre before he was burned.
Gregory Cole Dudley, inspector of the E division,
knew Birkmyre. Saw his body at the ruins, but cannot
say how he came by his death. Saw also the body of
John Wright, aged 30, brought out. He was also a
police constable.
William Miley, coachman to Mr. Fahey, knew
Charles Jenkins, and saw his body brought out o: the
ruins. The deceased was a stranger in the house, and
merely came in to " lend a hand."
Police-constable 52 E found the body of Charles Jen-
kins on the 24th in the ruins of the kitchen.

Edward Payne, Upper Clapton, identified the body of
Charles Jenkins.

Police constable 52 E (continued)—The deceased, Jen-
kins, was in the same room with Birkmy-re, but on the
opposite side of the place. He was buried beneath the
timber.
Mr. Fairey—No other of my household is missing.
I have not seen the body of the deceased lad, Robinson.
He used to sleep at the uppermost middle window of the
premises. His age was 15.
Mr. llTAxxxy—Now, gentlemen of the jury, if you are
satisfied of the identity of the bodies, the next and only
inquiry will be to ascertain how the fire originated.
The coachman was called with this view, but he could
give no account of the origin, as he slept over the stables.
Mr. Fairey said the cook was the first of his domestic
servants awake. (A section of the house was exhibited
here, with the exact position in which the bodies were
discovered.)

The female domestic of Mr. Fairey and a boy who
used to sleep with the deceased Robinson, were then
sworn, and
Mary Hall, the cook, was first examined—l went to
bed at ten minutes before eleven. The parlour-maid
and another girl were left up. I was alarmed soon
after by finding that the room was filling with
smoke. I mean the third floor back room. The two
girls slept in the same room. One came immediately to
me but the other did not for some time. I smelt a strong
smell of fire about a quarter after three. I leaped out of
bed and opened the door, and found myself almost suffo-
cated on the landing. I awoke my fellow-servants and
screamed " fire," and then ran up stairs to the boy's
room. I then came back for I met my master. The
fire was coming up the staircase, and I tried to descend
but could not. I then got up the stairs again and caught
hold of my boy, who said " Oh, it is me, mother—
and he then added—" Oh ! poor Robinson." We then
all escaped except the last-mentioned. There was no fire
left in the kitchen, and the last fire in the stoves
had been on the previous Wednesday. The laundry is
on the ground floor, with kitchen rather detached, the
only communication between it and the house being a
water-closet. _ _

Mr. WAKLEY—Mr. Braidwood gives it as his opinion
that the heated air in the communicating flue had occa-
sioned the occurrence. What is your opinion, Mr.
Fairey ? Mr. Fairey—Suph is my opinion, and that the
heat communicated with the woodwork near. (The wit-
ness then explained at great length the direction which
the flue took in its passage through the house, and the
dangerous nature of the connecting woodwork.)
Mr. WAKLEY—Then this fire would have originated
on the ground floor ? Mr. Fairey—No, on a landing
above it.

Mary Hall—There were no fires left in when I went
to bed. There was nothing unusual in the fires in the
house that day. Master was very careful of his fires
himself.

Mr. Fairey—l sat up till after two o'clock in my
study. I went down stairs after the time that cook
says she met me, to look at this landing I have already
mentioned. I could not see much flame, for it resem •
bled the gas-lights burning through an intense Lon-
don fog.
The other servants were examined, but added nothing
to the evidence of the cook. They could form no further
opinion of the origin of the fire than that it arose on the
back ground floor, and was occasioned by the flue of the
ironing-store.
Mr. WAKLEY—It has been said that there was com-
pany in the kitchen that evening. Is it so ?—The wit-
nesses said such a report was altogether false.
Mr. WAKLEY—It has been also said that policemen
were in late at night. It is as well to remove such an
impression.
An Inspector—lt is altogether false, for inquiries have
been made, and the policemen, who were also stated to
be drunk, were perfectly sober.
Mr. Fairey—There had been scandalous disorder
somewhere, for the wine-cellar had been broken open,
and bottles of strong French brandy, gin, and wine,
stolen and drunk, and the empty bottles thrown about
the kitchen, where these men were found dead.
Thomas Wenman, the chimney-sweeper, saw the
sparks coming from the roof of the study in the morn-
ing, just as he was going to work.
Mr. Wakley—The study is not burned down.
William Dilley, coachman to Mr. Fairey, slept over
the stables, and was roused by people knocking at the
door. Saw the fire first inside th• pantry windows. It
was not in the house then. When he next saw the flame it
had communicated with the bottom staircase window.
Saw the man who was brought out tipsey. He lives on
the Colonnade, and I have observed:him before. When
brought out he was taken to the station-house. I have
seen the wine cellar since. The panel of the door was
broken open, and also one of Chubb's patent locks.
Police constable 5 E— Got to the house at about four
o'clock. Saw fire then from the second floor front room.
Sergeant Dyer and witness got over the area into the
ground floor. The door was broken open, witness was
told, by Wright, one of the deceased constables. The
flames were over witness's head, and on trying to get up
the staircase the pieces of wood were falling down.
Wright, Birkmyre, and Jenkins, were looking under the
kitchen table for a dog at that time. The men were
quite sober. The cellar door had been before that
broken in witness's presence. Saw no bottles handed
about, but heard Wright say that "this cellar must be
looked to, or they would be at it." Wright broke open
the door under the impression that it was the plate
room, but finding it the wine cellar they left it untouched.
He could swear that all were perfectly sober.
William Quait, carpenter, was alarmed by fire, and
went into the house by the coachman's back entrance.
That led into a passage, and the kitchen door is just
there. The fire was burning very briskly there, and it
communicated with the staircase window, alse are ap-

ADVERTISEII4E.NTS INSERTED in ALL THE TrIREE PAPERS, Morning Noon, and Night, thereby insuring a TOWN and COUNTRY CIRCULATION, at ONE CHARGE.

peared to him to have broke out in the pantry at. the
back of the house. There was no fire in the front
kitchen then, and soon after the policemen came; and
they were quite sober. Witness told them several times,
"If you don't come out now you will never come
out alive." Soon after witness left the roof fell in.

Mr. WAILLEY—I think it is quite evident that these
poor men were not intoxicated, unless, indeed, the jury
wished to multiply evidence.
The jury expressed their full satisfaction that the
constables were quite sober.
James Mallett was examined, but nothing material
was elicited.

The next witness called was the man who
had been found in the house intoxicated. Mau-
rice Williams, coachman to Mr. James Hacking-
man—l heard a cry of fire, and went down to the back
of the house. I went by the back door to search for a
dog which was said to be inside. I saw a policeman
break open the wine cellar with a poker. He put in his
lamp, and said, " This is the wine cellar; I thought it
was the plate room." The policeman then went away.
I drank something out of a pot. I don't know what it
was. I don't know who gave it me. The only light
was from a policeman's lamp. There were two in the
kitchen then. It was not the liquor got over me. It was
the fright and the smoke tbat did it. There was no time
for nothing. I was taken to the station-house on a
stretcher, and thrown into a col& cell for four hours
and a half, and when I was brought out the water ran
from me.

Mr. WAKLEY—It has, I think, been sufficiently proved
that these men were sober ; but there seems to have been
something wrong about the protection to property, cer-
tainly. I cannot sce the necessity for having broken
open the door at all.
Mr. Fairey examined—l am an engineer, and on the
night of the Ste went to bed between a quarter and half-
past two o'clock. Told William Robinson, and the other
boy, Hall, to put the fire right, and saw the boy Robin-
son with the fire-screen ready to do so. I then left to
go to bed. My first impression was of a scream of fire.
I went outside, and then saw the smoke. I went up
stairs to alarm the servants and met the cook. I told
her to alarm the servants, and then went to my study, to
save my papers if they should be on fire. When I got
down nearly to the level of the study I found that the
fire was lower down. I came back to my room where
my wife was, and called out " Fire !" I told my wife to
try to save nothing, not to speak except in case of abso-
lute necessity, and to do all I told her. I then took her
up stairs to the third landing, and then got them into
the open air by the leads.
Mr. WAKLEY—IIow do you account for the boy
Robinson not being saved ?
Witness—l did not miss him till we were outside.
got all together, as well as I could feel them on the
upper landing, and it was only some seconds after we
were outside that I discovered this unfortunate boy was
lost. The whole of this transaction might have occu-
pied four minutes.

By the CORONER-Our occupation for that night was
to prepare a report for the Vice-Chancellor, and the boys
were engaged in copying the rough draft. I had an
Arnott stove heated from the wash-house and passing
through the conservatory. I had an ordinary stove also
with a fire, but there was not the smallest connection
with wood work. There was indeed less fire than ordi-
nary. The Arnott stove in the washhouse was to heat
the conservatory and the back drawing room beneath
my study. I had a vertical flue passing from the stove
through the wall to the outside, then straight up outside
the wall of the conservatory. The conservatory is a
half circle or bow, and the flue went round that. It had
other branches, one to the back drawing-room, coming
in under the window, the other branch was near the
stove, and th© floor of the pantry was the ceiling of the
washhouse, and in that floor was an iron pipe about
eleven feet above the stove. The size of the main flue
at the stove, might be nine inches by four inches, all of
brickwork.

Mr. WAHLEY—Now, Mr. Fairey, do, if you please,
describe the other flue communicating with the ironing-
stove ? Witness—There is another flue from the iron-
ing-stove also in the laundry, going upwards to the
pantry, and ending in what I believe to be a chimney in
the next house. I think it cannot be cleaned on account
of the very acute angle which occurs in its line, and that
angle corresponds with the place w here I observed the
appearance of gas-lights on a foggy night. In one part
of the wall, where an arch was formed in order to admit
the pipe, a very nicely fitting piece of wood-work was
inserted, and nothing was placed between that wood-
work and the heated pipe itself. I believe now, that the
fire originated in the small closet where my servant kept
his boots, and that it then entered at the staircase
window, thus, in fact, at first arising in the wooden arch..
referred to already by me.
Mr. WAKLEY—here is a fireman belonging to the
Brigade, who arrives at a different conclusion. It may
be as well to examine his reason for this opinion.
George Calf, a fireman, put in the ground plan of the
premises by direction of Mr. Braidwood. He believed it
to be a correct plan, and he agreed with Mr. Braidwood
in his opinion from the appearance of the premises. The
house was as bad a house as ever was built. The floors
had sunk from not having proper support. lie only
called out five of his men a few minutes before the floors
fell in, and it was next to miraculous that the whole of
them were not buried in the ruins.

Mr. Fairey said the house was a very handsome one,
but not of substantial materials. A former owner had
greatly beautified it, but he removed some main beams.
The house was all lathe and plaster, not unlike a scene
in a play. Two pilasters which were intended to sup-
port the ceiling, and made of strong materials, he had
found since the fire that they were made of wood and
plaster, and consequently combustible.
The youth Hall was then examined—He said he went
to bed about half-past two o'clock. He was employed in
writing up to that time in the drawing-room. At that
time there was neither fire nor smoke, and nothing pe-
culiar.

Mr. WAKLEY remarked that it was next to impossible
that the fire could have been in that flue next to the
conservatory without Mr. Fairey or the youth's know-
ing it.
Hall continued—Put the guard on by the desire of
Mr. Fairey, Slept in the same room with Robinson, but
not in the same bed. Shook him and called him to get
up. He never made the least motion. Witness did not
dress himself. Came back to the room twice in the hope
of saving him. The larktime he could not venture into
the room. He was generally a very heavy sleeper.
When witness awoke the room was full of smoke.

Mr. WAKLEY said that a small quantity of smoke in
some of the small passages of the lungs would cause
death.

Mr. Fairly said Robinson had difficulty in breathing,
and generally did so with his mouth open.
Mil said he did not hear him breathe.

The CORONER said it was ♦ery desirable that while
one body of men paid proper attention below, another
party should pay attention to those upon the roof. In
this case, it appeared that Mr. Fairey and his
family had been upon the roof six or seven mi-
nutes without any one coming to their assistance. If
any objection were made to admit persons for that pur-
pose at the next door, he should, if a policeman, have no
hesitation in breaking them open. He thought no fur-
ther witness need be examined, for he did not think that
were they sitting there for a fortnight they could come to
any more satisfactory conclusion than they might with
that before them.

There being no further evidence,
The CORONER proceeded to address the jury. He said
there was nothing peculiar in the circumstances. There
was a difference of opinion between Mr. Fairey and Mr.
Braidwood and the firemen in regard to the
situation of the premises in which the fire origi-
nated. In the opinion of all it originated in a flue.
Consequently a difference of opinion only existed as to
the particular flue in which the fire first happened.
The inquiry-, however, would have the effect of directing
the public attention as to flues in general, and in his opi-
nion it was a subject which could not receive too much
attention. Now even in this case, though an engineer of
great celebrity had resided in the house for many years,
he was not aware there was a flue communicating with
a stove in which a large quantity of soot might have con-
gregated through the peculiarity of its construction, and
yet it excited no suspicion and attention even from the
experienced mind of the occupier of the house. It only
showed in what situations of danger one might be placed
unsuspectedly. It was not known that the flue opened
into a chimney of the next house. That was certainly a
curious circumstance. Mr. Fairey stated that the flue
was so constructed that it was actually in contact with
wood-work, and with nothing to separate them. Now,
in the state of that flue, nothing was more easy
than the heat from it communicating with the wood, and
so originating this lamentable occurrence. In his own
opinion the fire originated in the western flue of the
laundry, for, if it had originated in the eastern one,
those in the room must have seen it. If this inquiry,
directed attention to the construction of flues, of what-
ever kind, very great good would be derived from it,
and much security to life and property would accrue,
and occurrences of this painful kind entirely prevented.
In nearly all cases fires occur from the improper con-
struction of flues, and too much attention could
not. therefore, be paid to the subject. The
flue in which this fire occurred had been in use
eleven years without having been once clear at the point
in which it found an angle with the chimney of the next
house. In this case he thought no blame could be at-
tached to the policeman on the ground floor as regarded
intoxication. If the jurymen were convinced that the
fire had originated in the western flue, and that it was
accidental and the cause of the deaths of these unfortu-
nate men, then they would bring in a verdict accordingly;
and he himself thought that the evidence adduced was
sufficient to justify such a verdict. If, however, they
required further evidence, he should be most happy to
produce it before them.
Tie jury expressed themselves satisfied, and without
retiring, at once returned a verdict of "Accidental
death, giving it as their opinion that the fire had origi-
nated in one of the two flues adverted to in the evidence.
Before the Court finally broke up, a model of a build-
ing, indestructible by fire, was exhibited by Mr. Geary,