The Sun.
London, England, 1857-07-31 00:00:00

LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, JULY
_3l, 1857.

EAST INDIA lIOUS 29tH JULY, 1857.
THE COURT of DIRECTORS of the EAST
It_ INDIA COMPANY do hereby give Notice, that the Rate or
F:xchinge at whidi they will receive Cash for Bills on Bengal and
‘l adras will, from the present date, and until further notice, be 25. 00
the Company's Rupee, and for Bills on Bombay 2s. Id. the Com-
p my's Rupee.

JAMES C. MELVILL, Secretary.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY._
CIIEAP EXCURSION' to CHIPPENHANI, BATH, and
BRISTOL.—On SU ,4 DAY, August 2d, a TRAIN will leave Padding-
ton, at 7.4.5 a.m., returning on Tuesday, August 4th, frum Bristol a t
5.30 p.m., Bath 6 p.m., and Chippenham. 6.30 p.m. Fares —Chip-
penham and Bath, ss. 6d. and 9s. Gd. ; Bristol, 6s. 64. and 10s. id.

INDIA. and LONDON LIFE ASSURANCE
COMPANY, 14, Warerloo-place, Pall-Mall, S.W.
INDIAN ASSURANCES.
Military Officers or Civilians proceeding to India may effect As-
surances on their lives at greatly reduced rates, on application at the
Codices as above. A. R. IRVINE, Manager.

TIOR the SEA SIDE.—TRAVELLING SUITS,
_ll.l with Cap, complete, 2/. 18s. to Three Guineas; the Beaufort
Coat, '2l. 105. ; the new summer Trousers, One Guinek; Baden
Waistcoats,;Two for One Guinea.
EXCELLENCE WITH ECONOMY.
GEORGE HOBSON, 57, Lombard-street.

PARLIAMENTARY DIVISION.

HOUSE OF COMMONS-JULY 30.
DIVORCE AND MATRIMONIAL CAUSES BILL.

Order for second reading read ; motion made, and question
proposed, " That the bill be now re 'd a second time :"
Amendment proposed, to leave out the word " now," and
at the end of the question to add the words " upon this
day three months :"--Question proposed, " That the word
now' stand part of the question :"—Debate arising :
Motion made, and question pit, " That the debate be now
adjourned:"--The house divided : Ayes 125, Noes 188.
AYES—I2S.
Adderley. C. ilamilton, G. A.
Arrton, A. Hardy, G.
Bernard, T. Hatch-11, J.
Bernard, W. Henley, J.
Beach, W. Henniker, Lord
Beecroft, G. Herbert, S.
Bentinck, G. Herbert, C'ol.
Blake,J, Ffiblyard, R. C.
Booth, Sir Rt. Gore Holford, R.
Bowyer, G. Hope, A.
Bridges, Sir B. Hopwood, John
Bruen, H. Bornba, W.
Buller,-Sir J. Howard, Lord E.
Burghley, Lori Hume, W.
Burrell, Sir C. Hudson, G.
Calcutt, H. Johnstone, IL B.
Carden, Sir R. W. Kelly. Sir F.
Christie, Samuel Ker, R.
Cobbett, J. M. King, J.
Cobbold, J. C.: Knight, F.
Cole, IL A. Knox, Col. B. W.
Collins, T. - Lam ton, W.
Convngham, Lord F. Legh, G. C.
Cross, R. Levinge, Sir IL
De Vert% S. Liddell,H. G.
Devereux, J. T. Lovaine, Lord
Du Cane, C. Lowther, Col. H. C.
Du Pre,C. Macarthy, A.
Dutton,R. Macartney, G.
East, Sir J. M'Cann, J.
Egerton, W. Maguire, J.
Esmonde,J. Mathis, R.
Farnham, E. Manners, Lord J.
Farquhar, Sir M. Miller. S. B.
Fitzllerald, W. R. S. Monsen, W.
Foster, W. Morgan, 0.
Gard, R. Mowbray, J. R.
Garnett, W. Naas, Lord
Gialatone, W. Napier, J.
Goderich, Vis. Newark, Viscount
Greville, Col. F. Newdegate, C.
Gray, Captain Noel, G.
Grogan, Edward North, Col. J.

O'Connell, D.
O'Donoghoe, The
Packe, C.
Pakenham, Colonel
Pakington, Sir J.
Palmer, Robert
Paull, H.
• Pevensey, Viscount
Powell, F.
Roebuck, J.
Roupell, W.
Rust, James
Scott, F.;
Scott, Capt,
Sitithorp, Major
Somerville, Sir W.
Spooner, R.
Stafford, A.
Stapleton, J.,
Stephenson, R.
Steuart, Andrew
Taylor, Col.
Thesiger, Sir F.
Tomline, G.
Trefusis, C.
Trollope, Sir J.
Vansittart. W.
Waddington, H.
Walcott, Admiral
Waldron, L.
• Walpole, S.
Walsh, Sir J.
Warren, S.
Whiteside, .T
Wigram, Loftus T.
Willoughby, Sir H.
Willson, A.
Wynne, W.
Yorke, E.

TELLERS.
Heathcote, Sir W.

Lygon, HOn. F.

NOES-188.
Adair. 11. Fortescue, C. Osborne, R.
Aderme, Henry Freestun, Col. Paget, C.
Anderson, Sir J. Gaskell, J. Paget, Lord A.
Antrobus, E. Gifford, Earl of Palmerston, Viset.
Baines, Rt. Hon. M. Glyn, G. Patten, Col. W.
Baring, Sir F. Goddard, A. Paxton, Sir J.
Baring, T. Gordon, L. Pechell, Sir 0.
Barnard, T. Greer, S. Philipps, R..
Bass, T. Grenfelt, C. Pigott, F.
Baxter, W. Grey, Sir G. - Pinney, W.
Beale, S. Grey, R. Platte, James
Bethell, Sieß. Griffith, C. Pryse, E.
Black, Adam Grosvenor, Ld. R. Pugh, D.
Bolder°, Col. 11. G. Grosvenor, Earl Pallor, C.
BonhanarCarter, J. Gordon, B. Ramsden, Sir J.
13ouverie; Hon. E. P. liackblock, W. Ramsay, Sir A.
Bouverie, Hon. P. P. Hadfield, G. Raynham, Viscount
Brand, H. Hall, Sir B. Rebow, John
Bruce, Lord E. Banbury, Robert Ricardo, 0. ,
Buchanan, W. Handley, H. Ridley, G.
Buckley, Gen. Hank ey, T. Russell, H.
Buller, J. W. Hardcastle, A. Russell, Sir W.
Custer', Sir E.N. Harr a, J. Sandon, Vis.
Bing, G. Hay, Lord J. Schneider, H.
Caird, James Ileadlam, T. . Scholedeld, W.
Calcraft. J. IL Heathcote, G. Smith, J. B.
Cavendish, G. Herbert, it. Smith, R.
Charlesworth, J. Hodgsrn, K. Smith, A.
Cheatham, John Holland, E. Smith, sir F.
Churchill, Lord A. Horsman, E. Stanley, Lord
Clay, James Ingnatn, R. Stirling, William
Clifford, C. C. Ingram, H. Stuart, Lord J.
Clive, G. Jervoise, Sir J. Stuart, Colonel
nos'. at. JohnstatevSir ..14,_.,.'.-_§YkeSi Cot.
S
Codrington, General Keating, Sir IL S. Thompson, Gen.
Colville, C. R. Kendall, N. Thornely, T.
Coningham, W. Kershaw, J. Tollemache, Fred.
Cowper, W. F. Kin:, L. Townsend, J.
Cotterell, Sir IL Kinglake, A. Trelawny, Sir J.
Cox William Kinnaird, A. Truemsn, C.
Craufurd, E. H. 3. Kirk, W. Turner, J. A.
Dalglish, It. Knatchbull-Hugessen Villiers, C.
Dashwood, Sir G. H. Labouchere,ltt.llon. II Vivian, H. H.
Davey, R. Langton, H. G. Walter, J.
Davie, Sir H. R. F. Lewis, Sir G. C. Warburton, G.
Denison, W. H. Locke, John Warr,', J.
Hering, Sir E. T,ovre, 11. Watkins, Col.
Dillwyn, L. Luce, T. Weguelln, T.
Dodson, J. Mangles, C. E. Western, S.
Duncan, Viscount Martin, C. Westhead, J.
Dundas, F. Martin, J. Williams, W.
Dunlop, A. Massey, W. Williams, Sir W
El phinstone, Sir J. Matheson, A. Willyams, E.
Evans, T. W. Melgund, Viscount Wilson, J.
Ewart, W. Mills, Arthur Wise, J.
E,, art, J. Mills, T. Wood, Sir C.
Ferguson, Sir R. Mitchell, Thomas Woodd, B.
Finlay, A. Mon creiff, J. Wood, W.
Fitzgerald, J. Morris, D. Wyld, James
Fitzroy, Hon. H. Napier, Sir C. Windham, Gen.
Foley, J. Nicol, D.
Foley, H. B Norris, J.
Forster, C. North, F.
Fortescue, F. Ogilvy, Sir J.

TELLEZS.
Hayter, W.
3lulgraye, Earl

TDB DANUBE LIFE-BOAT.

Yesterday some interesting trials were made in the
Regent's Canal, Limehouse, with a life-boat, which the
European Commissioners have decided to station at the
mouth of the Danube. The trial was witnessed by Capt.
Washington, R.N., F.R.S., hydrographer of the Admi-
ralty; and several other experienced gentlemen. The
valuable and extraordinary qualities of this class of life-
boat, which is on Mr. James Peake's design, were again
fully developed. The life-boat is 28 feet long, 6 feet
wide, and 3
.feet deep, and rows six oars. She was
turned over by a powerful crane ; she nevertheless
righted immediately, and the water shipped by the op&
ration was self-ejected in 20 seconds. Although so
small in size the stability of the boat was so great that it
required the weight of 11 men to bring her gunwale to
the water's edge. The result of the trial was in every
respect satisfactory, and reflected credit alike upon
the designer of the boat, Mr. Peake, and her eminent
builders, Messrs. Forrcoll. The boat has been built
wader the superintendence of the Royal National Life-
boat Institution, and of Captain Washington, R N.,
and Major Stokes, R.E. To prevent, as far as possible,
any damage occurring to the boat, she will be sent, with
full stores, including life-belts for her crew, in a wooden
case, which is of extraordinary size and shape. Five
years experience, by the Royal National Lifeboat Insti-
tution, of this new class of lifeboat, have now fully estab-
lished their superior qualities, and justifies that society
in recommending them wherever lifeboats are wanted.
Accordingy it has bad a lithographic drawing prepared
of a thirty feet lifeboat, on a scale of three-fourths of an
inch, with full instruction for building a boat ; a more
complete and well-ixecuted drawing was never issued.
The lifeboat plan, with those of the best description of
lifeboat transporting carriages, are to be circulated in
our c doniee and in foreign countries, and the whole
cost of the same is to be liberally deltayed by the Duke
of Northumberland, K.G., president of the society. The
detail of the lifeboat drawing can be easily comprehended,
and the &ear instructions annexed to it will enable any
boatbuilder to build easily a lifeboat from the drawing.
This is a matter of the utmost importance, and we con-
sider that the National Lifeboat Institution has thus
rendered the greatest service to the cause of humanity
throughout the world. The service already performed
by this class of lifeboats, and an examination of the draw-
ing in question, must convince the most sceptical in
these matters, that a safe and powerful lifeboat can now
be successfully built to contend with the heaviest gales.
Let us express an earnest hope that, as far as our coasts
are concerned, the public will place sufficient funds in
the hands of the society, so as to enable it to station a
lifeboat on every dangerous point of the British Isles.

THE*,

!TE OF THE NATIONAL GALLERY.

The following is the report of the Royal Com-
mission appointed to determine upon the site of
the National Gallery :
" We, your Majesty's. Commissioners, appointed
to determine the site of the new National Gallery,
and to report on the desirableness of combining
with it the Fine Art and Archaeological Collections
of the British Museum,' in obedience to your Ma-
jesty's commands have deliberated on the matters
submitted to our inquiry e and having examined
many witnesses and consulted the records of the
several commissions and committees of Parliament
which have assembled for the consideration of the7,-e
and similar subjects, we beg leave very humbly to
submit to your -Majesty the following report, ac-
companied with the minutes of our proceedings,
the evidence of witnesses, and certain explanatory
papers connected therewith.
"At our first meeting we were informed that
one of our colleagues, Mr. Ford, was unable, from
illness, to act upon the Commission. His retire-
ment reduced the number of commissioners to five;
sad as the Royal Warrant requires that five signa-
tures should be affixedetci our report we have been
compelled to frame a statement to which all of us
could agree, and which, therefore, could hardly
cosstein much more than a summary of our proceed..
ings, without the arguments and inferences usually
to be found in similar documents.
" Having chosen a chairman, and appointed, as
empowered to doi a secretary, we devoted several
meetings to the consideration of the effects of the
metropolitan atmosphere on pictures and works of
art, and we agreed to the 'following reelution :
"evidence hitherto: adduced, 6On:deleted
colleCti23tter, does riot lead to any decisive conclUe
siorietAinst placing the new National Gallery with-
in tles metropolis.'
To which words, it was proposed by Professor
Faraday, seconded by Mr. Richmond, to prefix the
following,' That the presence of the National
Gallery within the smoke and atmosphere of Lon-
don involves, from the consequent extra dirtiness
and necesssary cleaning of the picture, an amount
of wear and tear which would occur only in a
smaller degree in clearer and more airy situations ;"
but—
" This proposed amendment was negatived by
the votes of three of us, namely, Lord Broughton
(our chairman), the Dean of St. Paul's, and Mr.
Cockerell.
" We then considered it expedient to direct our
attention to that which forms the second portion of
our duties, namely, To report on the desirable-
hess of combining with " the new National Gal-
lery," the Fine Art and Archaeological Collections
of the British Museum.' We took this course be-
cause it seemed manifestly indispensable to deter-
mine the contents, in order to ascertain the re-
quired size, and to know the size before fixing on
the site of the proposed building. • •
"For this purpose we held two meetings at the
British Museum, and, assisted by some of the supe-
rior officers, examined the arrangements, and, in a
cursory manner, the contents of that great esta-
blishment. To guide our judgment in this matter
we consulted several eminent artists, and had the
advantage of referring to two valuable docurnenls,
to be found in the appendix.* In the course of our
inquiry, our colleague, Professor Faraday, applied
chemical tests to some of the discoloured marbles,
and his letter on the, subject will be appended to
this report :
" The result of this part of our inquiry was that
we 'tune unanimously to the following resolution:—
" That it is not, expedient to break up or re-
move the collections of ancient sculpture and
archaeology in the British Museum.'
" This resolutiori had no reference to the abstract
question of uniting sculpture and painting—e com-
bination recommended by the great majority of
witnessea—lent contained only an answereto the
specific question-put to us by the Royal warrant.
"Ata sitbiequerit meeting, indeed, Mr. Rich-
mond; seconded by Professor Faraday, proposed to
add to.the alleive resolution the, following words :
That, though the commissioners think it untie- •
sirable to break up the collections of ancient art •
and archaeology in the. British Museum,• and for
the present inexpedient to remove them, they are
yet of opinion that the future combination of sculp-
ture with painting should be provided for in the
new Natival Gallery, a. primary use of which
should be to preserve examples of the art of past
ages in all its branches, in the order best adapted
to exhibit their beauty and to illustrate their se-
quence and character.' This proposition the three
other commissioners did not think it necessary to
adopt.
" From considering this matter we proceeded to
collect materials fur forming a judgment on the
main question submitted to our decision, namely,
to determine the site of the new National Gallery ;
and on this point we must confess that we were
embarrassed rather than aided both by consulting
previously recorded opinions and examining many
witnesses. For not only did we find, as might be
expected, a great diversity of opinion, but, in some
instances, we perceived that the same persons, and
those of the highest authority, might be cited for
opinions either totally different from each other or
' much modified. Two examples of this contradiction
may suffice. The Committee of the House of Com-
mons appointed in Feb., 1848, to consider of the
best mode of providing additional room for works
of art given to the public, or purchased by means
of Parliamentary grants, " after careful delibera•
tion unanimously concurred in the opinion, that
taking into account—
" "fhe commanding nature of the site occupied
by the presentbuilding, to which, perhaps, it would
be difficult to find a parallel in our own or any
other capital ;
" Its accessibility and nearness to the chief
thoroughfares and centres of business, which are
fed by what has been described in a wall known
phrase as " the fullest tide of human existence ;"
" ` The aidsto economy, which, without sacrific-
ing the beauty of effect which a new front and ad-
ditional height may confer on the structure, would
be furnished by the rare circumstance of only one
ornamental front being considered necessary, from
the disposition of the ground, and the means which
are at hand for nuking use of the whole of the pre-
sent interior, due regard being paid to the conve-
nience of the Royal Academy in providing suitable
accommodation elsewieere ;
" The space for further enlargement, which, in
the process of time, and concurrently with the exi-
gencies of the collection, might be supplied by oc-
cupying the uncovered ground now in the occupa-
tion of public establishments, in the rear of the
public building ;
" Fur all these reasons, without presuming to
indicate the precise period for the commencement
of such a work, the determination of which may be
governed by other considerations, your committee
would recommend that, whenever it is undertaken,
the enlarged and improved National Gallery should
be on the same site as the present; and for the com-
pletion of such a work, which ought not to be un-
worthy of the age, the country, and its own desti-
nation, they would gladly see the most eminent
talent of the nation invited to compete in designing
an appropriate and enduring monument.'
" Such was the unanimous recommendation of
some of the most eminent members of that Parlia-
ment ;t but another Parliamentary committee,
composeds nearly of the same members, relying,
as it appears, mainly on the report of commissioners§
who sat a few weeks before to inquire into the
' State of the Pictures in the National Gallery," on
July 25, 1850, reported as follows :
" eny plans have been suggested by architects
of eminence with the view of building on the pre-
sent site a National Gallery not unworthy the na-
tion. Upon reviewing the evidence here collec:ed,
your committee cannot, however, recommend that
any expenditure should be at present incurred for
the purpose of increasing the accommodation of a
National Gallery on the present site.
" Your committee are not prepared to state that
the preservation of the pictures, and convenient
access for the purpose of study and improvement of
taste, would not be better secured in a gallery fur-
ther removed from the smoke and dust of London;
but being in ignorance of the site that might be se-
lected, the soil on which it might stand, and the
expense which might be incurred, they cannot po-
sitively recommend its removal elsewhere.'
" It will be observed that although the opinion
given by the committee of 1848 is positive, and that
of the committee of 1850 negative, yet they were

* " A letter from C. T. Newton' Esq., to Col. Mure,
M.P., chairman of the select committee on the National
Gallery, 1853. Also a letter, dated the 13th of May last,
from the same gentleman to the librarian of the British
Museum.
t " Lord J. Russell, Sir R. Peel, Mr. Hume, 'Viscount
Morpetb, Mr. Goulburn, Mr. B. Wall, Mr. Charteris,
Earl of Lincoln, Sir B. Hall, Marquis of Granby, Mr.
Parker, Mr. Wakley, Mr. Disraeli, Mr. V. Smith, Mr.
Banker.
" Lord J. Russell, Sir R. Peel, Mr. Hume, Lord
Seymour, Mr.' Goulburn, Mr. B. Wall, Mr. S. Herbert,
Sir B. Hall, Marquis of Granby, Mr. Tufnell, Mr. Wak-
ley, Mr. Disraeli, Mr. V. Smith, Mr. Bankee, Colonel
Rawdon. Mr. Hope was substituted for Mr. Hume, and
Sir R. Peel died before the close of the inquiry.
Sir C. BeltlAke ,Profeeeor Faraday, itr. W, aweii.