The Sun.
London, England, 1868-02-05 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 5, 1868

and be gives the following astounding definition of
his view► 3 ; he keeps •' his mind impartial on political
questioi is, and his eye undimmed by prejudices
which of )scure the vision." If Mr. BRIGHT could for
a moment see himself as others see him, he might
understand why his most impassioned words are
powerless to impress and influence those of sober
judgment and calm reflection, and when, to use
his own expression, he urges upon the Government
with a veheliement earnest the desirability of this
or that change they do not regard as a warning
or heed the counsel, but till that day arrives it
is useless to expect that he will be more circum-
spect or more moderate, or even possess
discrimination enough not to touch upon
topics like that of Ireland in so inop-
portune a manner. How much better it would
have been to say less of the wrongs of Ireland and
more of the danger of giving way to excited pas-
sions? And if he had done so no cultivated states-
man but would have admired the eloquence which
gave force to the language of wisdom and lent a
charm to the voice of truth.

The position of affairs in the Thames shipbuild-
Lug yards has lately attracted a good deal of atten-

tion. The distress and the destitution at the east

end of London have spread so widely, and involved
so many of the better classes in their range, that
those_most indifferent to the sufferings of the poor

can hardly pass them by unnoticed. With the poor
rates in one parish at nine shillings in the pound

matters, must be admitted to have assumed a serious

aspect ; and public charity, however ready, is not
well able to support a population larger than that
of many provincial towns. The great complaint is

slackness of work, and masters and men accuse one
another of being the cause of the deficiency. The

masters say it is impossible for them to take con-
tracts at the present rate of wages ; the men say
that it is the masters' fault that they are idle, as
they declare they have no orders. Into the details
of the dispute, and the differences as to the manner
of payment, it is not easy for the uninitiated to enter,
but certainly on the face of it the masters' interest
appears to be to keep the men fully employed.
With their capital unemployed, and their machinery
standing idle, they are losing money every day,
though they may not, in the eyes of the men, be
suffering from the badness of the times. The meet-
ing which was held a .few days since in Burdett
Hall was very largely attended, and efforts were
made by Mr. BULLI villa and others interested in the
welfare of the district to bring about a better
understanding between masters and men. Mr.
BrJLLIVANT then stated that he was empowered to
offer payment at the rate of £5 per ton for the
finished iron work of two ships. At this meeting,
however, the men did not like those terms, but
they have since declared that they did not quite
understand the conditions on which they were
offered, and they atfirm that they consider £5 per
ton a good price, and would be glad to take any
amount of work at that rate. At the conclusion of
the Burdett Hall meeting a committee was ap-
pointed, composed of workmen of various grades,
to confer with their fellows, and to arrive
at some definite conclusion as to their
wishes and their intentions. Yesterday the
members of this Committee invited the
masters to a conference in Mr. CARPENTER'S mis-
sion-house, Millwall, but from some unexplained
reasons the masters, with few exceptions, were not
present. Mr. H. GREEN, jun., of the firm of that
name, one of the few employers who appeared, was
called upon to preside ; but as the meeting was so
thinly attended nothing definite was accom-
plished. It is very much to be regretted
that more of the employers were not present,
at
as some definite arrangement might have been
tahrreivceharg
date. men
which has rbeeseennt indignationbwriotuhgghrteaatgainstt
of driving the work away from the London yards.
Some of the speakers yesterday protested emphati-

tally against the idea that they would rather live
on charity than work for their masters on fair
terms. They said that from one end of the
kingdom to the other there was now an
impression that they were the cause of the depres-
sion in the Thames shipbuilding trade. They have,
however, themselves to thank for this, for last year,

when matters were not so bad as they are now, the
men employed in the Thames yards deliberately de-
clined to work for less than 6s. 6d. a day, alleging
the price of provisions as a reason for so
doi
nhighg .
The same system which has driven a good
,

n to
hasur mh
eaennu faapcpt
lui re ian go nbl
yu stionoe sss u
cover f
utollytht
toe
building trades. The men have acted upon
dCtthheoecanlstiiidinoiePefa that their employers were theirto wnraetsut ra s
l
enemies, a
and the great object has been
much as possible from them, and to make as few
concessions as they could. The antagonistic spirit
existing between capital and labour has been under-
mining our commerciaaslietapesrroonspsaewriletoy for some years
spugddecuolyur
nundfavnoeuwra'ble fseeel theef
dpfuaulslltl'eaffnedcats of the evil. If the men had not given
assumptionsthe
when good
work w
reason
as tom more
emplain plentiful,o of theirthey
would not now find themselves accused of prefer-
ringugaindualmf
to too, has thoroughly the
wages
t of
hhonest
ae n labour.the
mutual f
'
'ragiftsdesunoisin
confidence which ought to subsist between
which no arguments or
declarations
restore. Yesterday, when
mastersa nd men,will
ill
rightly
gh and d
the terms of Mr. BULLIVANT'S proposal
were dis-
cussed, that gentleman proposed that the men
should draw a certain sum daily, leaving the balance
in the hands of their employers as a guarantee for
the fulfilment of their part of the contract.
Some of the men were pained and in-
dignant that such a precaution should :bet
thought necessary, but, unhappily, it would be only
too consistent with the ethics of Trades' unionism
to force the masters to pay higher wages by sud-
denly leaving work in the middle. It does not do
for employers to rely on the instances of good faith
and high principle which they may have individually
met with among their men, since they have
to deal with them as a class and individual
action is controlled by the laws of their unions.
How many instances came out before the Sheffield
Commission in which men had suddenly struck
work in the middle of a contract. Mr. SAMUDA,
the other day, in going over the experience of the
last few years, stated that all the different grades
of workmen had stopped work just as their part
of the business became of the most importance.
It is this sort of thing which alienates the :con-
fidence of employers, and checks,the sympathies of
the public. There is no lack of feeling for the
difficulties and drawbacks against which the men
have to contend—there is no prejudice in favour
of capital, there is no indifference to the
sufferings of the wives and children of those
who have trifled with their chances, but
there is an impression that the shipwrights have
overreached themselves, have driven away the work
which might have supported their own families and
those of the labourers, whose work depends on
theirs, in comfort and independence. Mr. WHIT-
MORE, a Presbyterian clergyman, who has exerted
himself greatly for the relief of the distress in Mill-
wall, spoke strongly to the men, and declared, from
information which he possessed that orders for half

a million sterling were pending in the market, and
that if the men would come to terms with their
masters the work might be executed on the Thames
instead of elsewhere. In the face of such statements
as these, and such offers as those made by Mr.
BULLIVANT, offers and statements put forward by
those who have only the interest of the men
at heart, surely we may hope that a wiser and
more conciliatory feeling will show itself among
the shipbuilding trades. The masters, it is to be
trusted, will meet the men half way, and not show
any inclination to take an unfair advantage of the
pressure of the times. As matters now stand all
parties are losing, and everyday makes the problem
more hopeless and more perplexing.

It is some satisfaction to those interested (and
who is not ?) in the story of the Clerkenwell suf-
ferers, to know that adequate funds have been sub-
scribed in relief of their present and future neces-
sities. Mr. MAGUIRE, the able and efficient chair-
man of the Relief Committee, and incumbent of
Clerkenwell, has published an interesting
though mournful statement of the case as it now
stands. The total amount subscribed has been
little under £lO,OOO, of which more than half has
been set aside as the provision for those perman-
ently injured. Unfortunately this list is a very
long one. One girl in weak health is now in Colney-
hatch in consequence of the stock. One child
totally blind is to be provided for by the kindness
of her MAJESTY in a blind asylum. Four other
persons lost the sight of one eye, with, of course,
some injury to the other. One poor child has a
fractured knee, of which she is never likely to re-
cover the use. Another little girl, who was
recovering from the scarlet fever, has died from
nervous disease brought on by the shock. All those
in the hospitals—and only- four have been dis-
charged—are likely, Mr. MAGUIRE tells us, to be
maimed for life. A:terrible result this of a single
act of desperate wickedness. The sufferings of the
mothers of families have, in many instances,
been frightful, and a great number of deaths
among aged or infirm people have been hastened
by the shock. Clerkenwell has, indeed, good rea-
son to remember the Fenians. It is some consola-
tion to the sufferers and their friends to know that

hey are at least placed beyond the reach of want

for the remainder of their days, and that such
provision has not been made grudgingly or of
necessity, but with that eager outpouring of na-
tional sympathy which would have given tenfold
more if needed.

CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS.

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)

PARIS, TUESDAY, Feb. 4.

The Press Bill may be considered safe. The threat to
withdraw it was never seconded by an intention, and it is
now understood that it could have been carried out only
by the sacrifice of MM. Rouher and Pinard, and by
impeding seriously M. Magne's financial projects. No
doubt the Arcadians knew what they were doing; it may
be there was a veritable crisis, but most likely, as I think,
the design was to reproach the Opposition Veith its thank-
lessness for favours received. M. 011ivier's amendment
was of course rejected, though supported with a very elo-
quent and forcible speech in favour of the absolute liberty
of the press. His argument was, that the evil of a free
press corrects itself. There is no struggle, he argued,
with liberty ; you have to struggle only with revolutions ;
and, as Montesquien says : "Our histories are full Of
civil wars without revolutions ; but in despotic States
they are full of revolutions without civil wars."
He quoted Benjamin Constant and Royer-Collard, for
the principles on which a free press should be based—
the right, namely, for every man to think and to express
his thoughts without hit drance. He denied that journalists
could exercise such influence as the writers of books—such
influence as Urich Hutten, Erasmus, Voltaire, Montes-
quieu, Rousseau, B6ra,nger, Lamartine, or Thiers. He
borrowed from Fiev6e the celebrated illustration, " The
laws we make against the press are only like the straw
you put before the windows of the sick ; they neither
prevent the carriages to roll past nor the sick to die." Men
speak of the dangers of party. But parties, really, said
M. 011ivier, are only small minorities of men. The
great bulk of a nation have no leisure for
party. They are observers, and pass from one party to
another. If they believe that order is compromised by the
Progressist party, they revert to the Conservatives; in
England they go to the Tories. Again : the more journals
there are the less dangerous. An advocate in New York
informed him that there were in the single State of New
York 800 more newspapers than in the whole of Europe.
But their power was nothing remarkable ; and why? Be-
cause, to use Girardin's phrase, there was la ponderation
des libertes. One liberty is weighed against another. The
freedom of . meeting neutralises the freedom of the
press. *hen Bright and Cobden proclaimed free
trade in corn, the Times said "No ;" but " the
meetings were stronger than the Times. 011ivier
did justice to the " magnanimous inspiration" of the 19th
January, but in conclusion ho said : " I regret that the
Emperor, who on the 19th January saw things with such
an admirable clearness, should have allowed himself to
hesitate and be turned aside ; that he should have obeyed
narrow suggestions and fears unworthy of him ; that he
did not reply to all those prophets and apostles of little.
ness in the language, true and proud, of Cardinal de Retz :
' All great things, when not practised, appear impossible
only to those who feel themselves incapable of great

things.'" After this speech there was a suspension of the
sitting for a few minutes. It was well delivered, though
I regret to say M. 011ivier is still suffering from his recent
fall. His face was a good deal scarred. M. Nogent
Saint-Laurens replied. He maintained that 011ivier's
theories were impracticable. He ran the gauntlet of the
ages to show of what excesses the press had been guilty,
and quoted Barante, Chateaubriard, Lamartine, and Senard
as witnesses. Apropos of Chateaubriand, Belmontet, the
next speaker—the Tyrtceua of the Second Empire—cor-
rected a little historical error of 011ivier's. It was not
Louis Napoleon who took advice of Chateaubriand in
Switzerland, but the latter sought out Queen Hortense,
and, in addressing her, said, "Je viens saluter
l'Avenir." Belmontet recalled a curious little
fact, that when he in 1831 published his
brochure in defence of the Napoleonic dynasty, M. Thiers,
then Minister, threw him in prison for it. He recom-
mended entire liberty of the press, but his project fared no
better than that of M. 011ivier.
After M. 011ivier's speech, Emile de Girardin sent him
a telegram, beginning thus : " My dear friend, telegrams
not being interdicted, I send you one to declare that I
have just read your speech. It is incomparably the finest
you have ever delivered, and one of the most remarkable
that has ever been uttered since the discourse of Royer-
Collard against the law of September 1835," &c. In con-
clusion, he adds : " I retract and withdraw my article of
28th February, 1867." According to Girardin, 011ivier is
again " the Minister of the Public Conscience."
It appears that in the election at Lille there was a
decided majority in the town for the Opposition candidate,
but in the country districts he could hardly get a vote.
The same thing takes place at Bordeaux, Brest, Avignon,
and at other places—the rural communes swamp the
towns.

The latest from St. Petersburg is an extract from the
jo/os, which runs thus : " It is as clear as the day that
the reconciliation established between France and Prussia
is tantamount to a declaration of war against Russia.',
The Golos doubts if Prussia will throw away the immense
advantages of alliance with Russia. It is a great deal.
more likely, I imagine, that Bismarck williuse Napolem
and the Czar as he needs them.

We have news from Madrid to the Ist instant. A
private letter states that a tempest in the Philippine
Islands has destroyed 4,265 houses. There is no political
news of importance, beyond the rumour of continued
Carlist conspiracies. The heir of Don Carlos, it is said,
will pronounce shortly with the:English Constitution a la
main. The nine brigands who stopped a train recently
and were baulked of their expected booty, are in prison at.
Burgos.
We have an important telegram from Florence. It is
vo the effect that the dispossessed Italian princes have held
a meeting, at which Francis 11., late of Naples, presided,
and have agreed on a common policy.
Deaths from starvation among the Arabs in Algeria
continue to occur. Many are so reduced that succour
reaches them too late.
The value of French fisheries last year was 50,731,920 f.,
an increase of 1,623,466 f. over the previous year.
Alexander Dumas Pere is about to farm a literary
journal, the D'Artagnan.

The Austrian Red Book just published shews the ground-
lessness of the alarms that sprung from the Salzburg Con-
ference. It is now evident that Austria had at that time
resolved to abstain from political combinations, to reor-
ganise her institutions, and develope her resources.
The progress of Hungary during the last nine months
aas formed the subject of a report to King Francis Joseph
by the Hungarian Minister of Agriculture and Commerce.
It states that a plentiful harvest after several years of
ailure led to an unparalleled export trade, and the funds
coming back in return reanimated industrial and agri-
cultural enterprise. The proceeds of the Post Office
excesided the estimate by 5 per cent., in spite of great
reductions in the charges ; the telegraphs yielded 45 per
cent. more than in the previous year ; the export of corn
amounted to 16,500,000 cwt. ; of flour, 1,890,000 cwt. ; and
that of other produce was in proportion. Credit and savings
banks and insurance companies have been established,
and a large number of industrial and commercial com-
panies organised. The iren industry has taken a new
start, and the Minister calculates an export this year of
600,000 cwt. of raw iron. Steam flour mills arc among
the chief industries of the country, and the export of flour
will probably supersede that of grain. The Minister lays
great stress on the agricultural schools of the country. A
letter from Vienna states that Klapka and rerczel are
organising a grand national banquet, to which Francis
Joseph will be officially invited. He is becoming the most
popular sovereign on the Continent.
Russian correspondents continue to remark on toe
severity of the preient' winter. One of the evils of the
rigorous climate is the difficulty of keeping the telegraphs
in order. The chief injury 'is done by the accumulation of
ice round the wires, which look like cables of ice. The
wires often break under the weight. These evils have to
be contended against. The agent of an English company
is now negotiating with the Russian Government for a
telegraph to China and Japan, by way of the Amoor
Valley. The Russian part of the line would terminate at
Possiette harbour, in the Gulf of Tartary. By the time
this line is completed there will be continuous telegraphic
communication round the world.
An alliance between Roumania and Servia is talked of
at Pesth. These principalities contain five millions of
people. While they depend upon Russia for protection
against the Turk, they are anxious not to depend too
much. As Louis XVI., after 1789, had constantly before
him the fate of Charles I. of England, so- Prince Charles
and Prince Michel remember the cost to Schleswig of the
protection of Prussia. Prince Michel remarked the other
day that Servia, might as easily come to be called Russia
as the Save becomes the Danube, " unless we take care
not to be too intimate with a very great Power."
There is a rumour to the effect that in case of Sir Charles
Selwyn being appointed Lord Justice of Appeal in the
room of Sir John Rolt, the University of Cambridge have
fixed upon Mr. Anthony Clea,sby, Q.C., as a candidate.
The Conservatives have already spoken of Mr. Beresford
Hope ; the Liberals of the Marquis of Hartington. If
there is any truth in it, the partiality of our universities
for those who are learned in the law will receive another
illustration. Of the six members now returned by the
Universities of Oxford, Cambridge, and Dublin, four are
barristers. Oxford sends Mr. Gathorne Hardy, the
Home Secretary ; Cambridge, Mr. Walpole and Sir C.
Selwyn, the Solicitor-General ; and Dublin sends Mr.
Warren, the Attorney-General for Ireland. Mr. Cleasby
unsuccessfully contested East Surrey in the Conservative
interest in 1852 and again in 1859.
According to the Irish Times, the Treasury have granted
£lOO,OOO for the purchase of the Exhibition Palace, the
site for the Royal Irish Institute of Art ; also £lOO,OOO for
the improvement of Cork Harbour ; and £lOO,OOO for the
emstructioa of a harbour in Belfast Lough,

THE DUDLEY GALLERY.

[SECOND NOTICE.]

The post of honour is assigned to Mr. H. S. Marks's
"May Day in the Olden Time" (173). This is a picture
in three divisions, and is of Considerable size, but has one
subject, a May clay procession. The procession is led off
by a youth beating a drum, and two men, the one blowing
a bagpipe and the other a horn. A girl follows gaily
dressed, and bearing a Maypole adorned with a pyramid
of evergreens, flowers, and ribbons. Bullocks clad in
tapestry draw a low cart, and therein are seated the Queen
of the May and her consort, who might have been younger
and better looking. Behind the pair are a man seated on
a gaily-caparisoned horse, and another provided with a sea
monster's tail, and representing Neptune. Young children
follow his godship, and lead a hound who bears his honours
and decorations meekly. The father and the mother walk
next, as much impressed with the solemnity of the occa_
sion as the little ones in front of them. Men in scarlet and
armour bring up the rear. The figures are well drawn,
and there is an absence of stiffness not easy to attain in a
processional picture. But Mr. Marks has no idea of dis-
tance nor of atmosphere. The mediaeval buildings in the
background are as close to the spectator as the procession
in the foreground. " Important News " (118), by the
same artist, represents a messenger dressed in red, who
has just brought a paper to the country parson decked out
in wig and black gown, such as country parsons used to
wear before the days of cassocks or M.B. waistcoats.
The Rev. Mr. Pompous is reading the news with an air
which shews that he is endeavouring to prevent the inte-
rest which he feels from compromising his dignity. "Waiting
for Orders" (616) gives us :mother of Mr. Marks's
favourite quaint figures in the brick-red costume which he
never seems weary of painting. Of the same class as to
subject is C. P. Slocombe's " The King's Pictures" (105).
On July 23, 1645, the House of Commons ordered that
" all such pictures as are without any superstition shall be
forthwith sold for the benefit of Ireland and the North."
Ireland was even then a trouble to our statesmen, and they
thought they could not do better than sell King Charles's
pictures, and give the money to the perennial grumblers
of the sister island. But, even to quiet them, there must
be no dealings in idolatrous pictures. The Whalleys of
that day 'were numerous, and Mr. Slocombe presents us
with one in the shape of a long-visaged, sour-faced,
cropped-haired Puritan, who inspects every picture with
a ,contemptuous sneer, while a less acid companion,
who looks as though he had caroused in merrier days,
stoops down and hands up the pictures to his colleague.
Mr. Rossiter's " Caught in the Act" (152) will compare
with the two last-named pictures. He seems to have the
same liking for red costume that Mr. Marks has. A red
boy is up in an apple-tree, and a man with a red handker-
chief on his head is just about to use the birch lustily.
The picture is comic, and not badly drawn. Mr. Raymond
Tucker is an admirer of Mr. Hook. If the sincerest
flattery is imitation, the Academician ought to feel much
flattered by seeing his green seas and high horizons and
clear atmospheres and brown rocks, with which every
visitor to Trafalgar-square is so well acquainted, repro-
duced here in the Dudley Gallery, with water-colours
substituted for oils. Mr. Tucker has two pictures,
" Waiting for a Bite" (166) and "A Good Catch" (185),
A very remarkable piece is Mr. Trautschold's " Winter
Scene" (146). It is well placed,and deserves to be ; none more
so. A Northern pine forest has received its first coat of
snow. It scarcely covers as yet the fallen leaves and the
prostrate boughs. But a bear, the only sign of life, knows
that Christmas is coming, and is sallying forth on a foraging
expedition. If he had any doubt that King Frost was
near at hand, he need only look behind him, and see how
through the dark forest the sky burns with the gorgeous
hues of the winter sun in frosty weather. Danby himself
could not have surpassed this sunset. Another Northern
scene, hung too far above the line for its merits, is Mr.
Arthur Croft's " Rhuikan Fosse, Norway" (170), a really
grand scene, with its foaming torrent rushing from the
mountains in the background, and precipitating itself
through the gorge that gives its name to the picture. Mr.
Walter Storks has chosen a gloomy subject for his prin-
cipal picture. Macaulay has described it :

" Now from the Rock Tarpeian
Could the wan burghers spy
The line of blazing villages
Red in the midnight sky."

Through the darkness of the night a group of terrified
people stand on the famous rock looking across the black
waste to the lurid horizon, where the flames and smoke
are driven onward by the wind. The picture requires a
strong light ; Mr. Holman Hunt's a stronger. This (266)
is a very remarkable picture. The first time we saw it we
could make nothing of it, for the sun was far down in the
west. Coming to it a second time, when the light was
full, we were able to make out'the subject. It is the Ponte
Vecchio at Florence as seen at night ; surely a very dark
night for so low alatitude. The Arno can be distinguished
dimly beneath the bridge, and in it are reflected the house
by means of a few faint lights that glimmer from the win-
dows. The colouring is eccentric ; all is sepia except the
sky,which is a greenish black. It is Mr. Hunt's only con-
tribution. We ought to have spoken earlier
of Mr. Ward's pictures, by virtue of that artist's
R.A.-ship. But we must confess that we care little for
either of his works. " A Votary "- (423) is tolerable ; but
"A Reverie" (562) is wholly unlike the idea which the
word suggests. Hair is made to assume wonderful forms
now-a-days, but "A Reverie" suggests a mop of black
frizzle (such as Mr. Ward presents us) as little as a chignon.
The principal picture by Mr. Cooke, R.A., is " Catalan
Bay, Gibraltar " (521), which gives us 'en a smaller scale
and in water colours the same scene which Clarkson
Stanfield painted for the Royal Academy two or three
years ago. Mr. James Hallyar's " Mamma's Head
Nurse " (201) is a. taking picture. " Mamma" is invisible.
We see only the hand stretched out from the bed curtain,
while to the bed draws nigh the " head nurse," in the
shape of a little girl, carrying a basin of what people in
health call slops. The drawing is very good. Mr. Jos.
M. Jopling has one noticeable picture, " Mellissa" (243)
" a sweet girl-graduate with the golden hair" that comes
streaming from the violet college cap over the violet robe.
The cap is set off with a gold tassel, which gives Mr.
Jopling an opportunity, turned to good account, of con-
trasting the two golds—the gold of the tassel and the gold
of the hair. Beneath the violet robe a slight glimpse of a
red and green vest is seen, while in Mellissa's hand there
is a clasped book, and in the hook a marker of brilliant
sky-blue ; so that altogether the picture is a study of
colour harmony very well worked out. If we
were mentioning- the artists in their order of merit we
should long ago have spoken of Mr. Arthur Ditchfield's
pictures. He has done for green what Mr. Hunt has done
for sepia and Mr. H. Marks for red. His two pictures,
250 and 251, are particularly good. His trees show close
observation of nature, and while they are minute in
detail they have a softness of atmosphere thrown
over them which is very rarely seen in these days. Mr.
J. C. Moore has two pictures—" The Tiber," three miles
from Rome, and " The Shady Sadness of a Vale,"— which
shew much careful drawing and finished execution. One
of the best pictures in the exhibition is Mr. Vicat Cole's
‘ Evening Shadow" (283). The effect of the gleam of light
striking across the country from the setting sun is perfect.
A very different scene is Mr. George Hall's " Arran from
the Sea" (258). The driving rain and the glimpse
of the snowclad mountain through the rift are very
fine. Mr. Williams's " White Cliff, Beer, Devon—Sea-
fog coming on" (424), is another clever bit of atmospheric
representation. Mr. Oswald Brierly's large picture,
"South Sea Whaling" (445), is boldly painted. It
shews us the whaler's boats pulling for their
livos.• as the wounded monster rises to the surface
spouting forth streams of blood. Mr. J. G. Hodgson has
a similar but less exciting scene, "Within the Arctic
Circle" (311). Everybody will be glad to see the original
sketch (624) of Mr. Poynter's " Israel in Egypt," which
attracted so much attention at the Royal Academy last
year. It is very small, and for a sketch highly finished.
The same artist has " A Portrait " (278), which shews
some very careful and painstaking work. the fruit and
flower pieces are not so numerous as they generally are
in water-colour exhibitions. We notice four pictures by
Miss Caroline Eastlake, which shew that the love of art
which her name suggests is shared by another generation
of her family.

Dn the Gth of last October there was a gale Off
Labrador, which destroyed 80 vessels and numerous lives ;
on the 29th there was a hurricane at St. Thomas, which
destroyed nearly 100 vessels and nearly 1,000 lives ; on
the 30th there was a hurricane at St. Domingo ; on
November the Ist there was one at Hong Kong ; on the
2nd there was one at Calcutta, during which the loss of
life and property was very great ; on the 3rd the eruption
of Vesuvius commenced ; on the Bth there was a tornado
at Matamoros, which did damage to the amount of a
million sterling ; on the 20th there was a volcanic eruption
in Nicaragua ; and also on the 20th there was an earth-
quake felt at New York, Vermont, and Canada.

Mr. Jacob Bright, M.P., attended a ragged-school
meeting in Manchester, and made some observations on
the state of education amongst the poorest classes. lie
said he was disposed to measure the civilisation of a
country by the condition of its humblest inhabitants, and
thought we had dazzled the world long enough with the
munificence of men of large landed estates and of men
who had made colossal fortunes. By the side of these
there were no inconsiderable proportion of the people half
clad, half fed, and totally uneducated. He did not see
the necessity for a continuance of such a state of things ;
nor did he see the continued necessity for the existence of
ragged schools if those in whose hands the government of
the country was placed looked closely into the sources of
the mischief.

Cie.`l4A-44Y1-
'l.•*4
C. 61111 Enralibt

HER MAJESTY.

OSBORNE, Feb. 4.

The Queen drove out yesterday afternoon, ac-
companied by Princess Christian and Princess
Henriette of Schleswig-Holstein, and attended by
the Duchess of Athole.

Lord Alfred Paget was in attendance on horse-
back.

Her Majesty went out this morning, accompanied
by Princess Louise and Prince Arthur.

THE PRESS IN FRANCE.

The report of the discussion in the Corps Legis-
atif on the bill on the press, and mocking com-
mentaries on the subject of the Sixth Chamber,
which conelemne I ten journals to fines of £4O
each, continue to occupy the columns of the Paris
journals. The Debats lea Is off with the following :
—" Foreign journals will appreciate in full secu-
rity the speech delivered by M. Thies, in yester-
day's sitting of the Corps Legislatif. We do not
enjoy the same privileges as the journals of Lon-
don, Berlin, and Vienna, and will not run the risk of
saying whether in our opinion the orator was above
or below himself on this occasion. We must refer
the reader to the shorthand report of the Moniteur,
with so much of an opinion, if it be allowed to us,
that he will not regret the time and labour he de-
votes to reading it."
The same journal coutains an article by John
Lemoinne, in which that writer says :—" Now that
we are dispensed from making speeches we dispense
ourselves from reading them. We may, however,
contemplate them in the sacred supplecsients of the
Illoniteur. But since we can no longer occupy our-
selves with the dialogues of the living, let us seek
in the dialogues of the dead soul.) reflections on the
liberty of thinking, speaking, and writing."
The writer then proceeds to quote from the well-
known epistle of Pliny the Younger to the Emperor
Trajan, from Dr. Johnson, Royard-Collard, Milton,
Pascal, and Swedenborg, and winds up by observ-
ing Truly, after having conversed wi h these,
we can console ourselves at not having to read such
and such an orator, whom the Sixth Chamber will
not allow us to name. We prefer the ' Dialogues
of the Dead.' "
The Avenir National observes :—" To tell ra-

tional beings—You have the right to discuss, but
only ' within certain limits,' when it is impossible
to define these limits ; to permit us to judge of a
speech without being able to indicate its bearing ;
to support or combat the opinion of a speaker with-
out being able`to say what that opinion is—is to out-
rage common sense and to get us into a net under
the delusion of asserting our right."
The Liberte remarks that the experience of the
Governments which succeeded each other from 1789
to 1852 show that it is impossible to fetter the
liberty of the press. " But," it adds, "in spite of
evidence, in spite of history, which, it appears,
have neither rays of light nor instruction for it,
the Imperial Government persists in believing it
can be done."

The Temps commences an article thus :—" Yes-

terday's sitting in the Corps Legislatif"--here it
breaks off to speak of the proceedings in the Italian
Parliament.

The Union says :—" We must be mute. To be
silent, to be silent again, to be silent always, this
is what afflicts us ; not on our own account, but
on account of the representatives of universal suf-
frage ; on account of the honour of our country."
Even La France joins in as follows :—" But it
would be dangerous to appreciate these speeches, to
give the names of those who made them, to refer to
the subject of which they treat, or to indicate the
impression which they have produced. Our readers
will supply our forced silence by turning to the re-
port of the sitting."

UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE.

CAM MUD az, Feb. 1.

The Smith's prizes have been awarded to--Ist,
Ds. Moulton, St. John's College ; 21, Ds. Darwin,
Trinity College.
In April next there will be open for competition
at St. John's College four Minor Scholarships, two
of the value of £7O per annum, and two of £5O per
annum, besides the five following Exhibitions :
Three of £5O per annum, tenable on the same terms
as the Minor Scholarships; two of £5O per annum,
tenable for three years. The examination of can-
didates will commence on Tuesday, the 21st of
April, at nine a.m., and will be in mathematics
and classics.

Besides the nine Minor Scholarships or Eihibi-
dons above mentioned, there will be offered for
competition an Exhibition of £5O per annum for
proficiency in Natural Science, the Exhibition to
be tenable for three years. The examination for
this Exhibition will be in chemistry, electricity,
heat, and light. Candidates may be examined in
geology, anatomy, physiology, or botany, provided
they give notice of the subjects in which they wish
to be examined four weeks before the examination.
Candidates must send their names to one of the
tutors at least ten days before the commencement
of the examination.

The Minor Scholarships are open to all persons
under 20 years of age who have not yet commenced
residence in the University, or who are in the first
term of their residence, and are tenable for two
years, or until the scholar is elected to one of the

'oundation scholarships. The Exhibitions are not
united in respect to the age of candidates.
An examination will be held at Emmanuel College

in the present Term for t wo open Foundation Scholar-
ships of £6O a-year each, tenable till B.A. (and with
permission of the Master and Fellows till &t.A.)
The examination will be held on March 31 and
April 1, and will be open to all students under 20
years of age who have not commenced residence in
the University. The classical examination will be
general, but the mathematical examination will not
extend beyond the following subjects :—Arithmetic,
Euclid, algebra, geometrical conics, plane trigo4
nometry, plane co-ordinate geometry. The clas-
sical and mathematical parts of the examination will
be carried on simultaneously, and are quite distinct,
so that no candidate can enter for both classics and
mathematics. It is intended, if competent candi-
dates present themselves, to award one scholarship
by the result of each part. The successful candi-
dates will be required to come into residence next
October. A certificate of baptism and a testimonial
of good moral character by some Master of
Arts of Oxford or Cambridge will be required
from each candidate, and must be forwarded to the
Rev. S. G. Phear, Tutor of Emmanuel College, be-
fore March 25.
Four scholarships, tenable for three years—one
of £6O, two of £l9, and one of £2O per annum—
will be open to competition in April next at Mag-
dalene College. The examination will commence
on Tuesday, April 21, and will he open to students
of the College and to persons who intend to com-
mence residence at the University not later than
the Michaelmas term following. The subjects for
the examination will be Euclid, arithmetic, algebra,
trigonometry, and conic sections, treated geometri-
cally and algebraiclly, and passages from Greek and
Latin authors for translation, together with com-
position in Greek and Latin prose and verse.
Each candidate is requested to forward his name
and age, together with a certificate of good cha-
racter from a Master of Arts of Oxford or Cam-
bridge, to the Rev. M. Bright, Tutor of Magdalene
College, on or Lef ore Friday, April 3.
Of those whose names recently appeared in the
mathematical tripos, six wranglers, including the
ienior, had previously obtained first-class honours
in the local examinations of the University ; three
ienior optimes and two junior optimes likewise had
.rassed in the local examinations. It cannot, of
3ourse, be assumed that these would not have come
o the University if they had not succeeded in the
,ocal examination ; but it is probable that some of
',hem may have been influenced by their first success
to try for further distinctiod at the University.