The Sun.
London, England, 1844-11-25 00:00:00

ARRIVAL OF THE GREAT WESTERN,

DEFEAT OF CLAY, AND CERTAIN ELECTION
OF POLK TO THE PRESIDENTIAL CHAIR.

LIVERPOOL, SUNDAY.
The steam-ship Great Western arrived here yes-
terday at noon, bringing New York papers to the 9th
instant inclusive, being eight days later than the
last arrival. She made her voyage, after an excellent
run, in thirteen days and a half. She brings thirty-
one passengers, amongst whom is Mr. Laning, with
dispatches to Hanover, and Mr. Castelli, with dis-
patches also, for Sardinia.
The most important feature by this arrival is the
defeat of Henry Clay, and the certain election of Mr.
Polk to the Presidential chair for the next term. Clay
has lost the State of New York by a majority of
9,021 ; Pensylvania had also gone against Clay.
Throughout the entire Union the greatest excitement
prevailed, and business was almost entirely suspended.
The number of Presidential elections in the Union
amount to 275, out of which New York returns 26,
and Pennsylvania 26, so that these two States return
nearly a fifth of the whole number.
Upon this subject the .New York Weekly Herald
says—
" Annexed will be found returns—not official, but
sufficiently accurate for all practical purposes—from
fifty-four counties, which give Mr. Polk a majority of
9,021, the remaining three counties having only
given 3,732 for Harrison, in 1840. Ihe most start-
ling defection to Clay has taken place in the abolition
counties of the west. These have, probably, voted
largely for Birney, although we have none of their re-
turns as yet ; but that alone can account for the di-
minution of Clay's votes from Harrison's. Mr. Clay
came to Cayuga-bridge with only about 7,000 majo-
rity, a very serious diminution from the vast popula-
rity of Harrison in 1840. The excitement last even-
ing throughout the city was of a most tremendous
character.

" Thus, the important question of the next Presi-
dency is settled at last, and, just as we have all along
predicted, in the teeth of the politicians around us.
New York city has determined the vote of the State,
and the State settled that of the Union. If the Whigs
could have formed a complete combination with the
natives here, with even the existing vote of the aboli-
tionists at the west, they might have carried the State
and elected Mr. Clay. But their policy, management,
and managers, for the whole canvass, have been
bad, intolerant, silly, and contemptible. It is the
Whigs themselves who have destroyed Mr. Clay's
chances, they have sacrificed by their intolerance and
squabbles, and humbugs, the prospects of one of the
noblest statesmen in the country, though some•
what defective in certain small points. Mr.
Polk is undoubtedly a good man, and will make a
good President, but he never can pretend to possess
the personal talents or influence that Mr. Clay could.
He will encounter mighty difficulties from the various
cliques now forming to influence his action. We will
have a Van Buren clique—a Class clique—a Tyler
clique—a Calhoun clique—all striving to possess his
confidence. exclusive of the others. He will be tor-
mented from this time forward, during the next four
years, by office beggars and politicians. If he have
the firmness to keep aloof and act on independent
principles, he may have some peace and a little
comfort.
" Thus at last have the democracy had a mighty
triumph—but their victory arises as much from the
folly of their opponents as from their own merits and
exertions."
The latest accounts at Canada from New York
give the following result of the elections : 40 Con-,
servatives, 23 Radicals, and 9 doubtful.
There are eighty-four members in all to be elected,
and by the above, seventy-two are certainly chosen,
giving the Governor-General a majority of at least
eight, throwing the doubtful ones against him.
Twelve more are to be returned.

NEW YORK MONEY MARKET, Nov. 8.
There was another very general decline in stocks
to-day, undoubtedly produced by the result of the
elaction in this State, Farmers'Loan fell off 2 per
cent ; Illinois, 21; Indiana, ; Pennsylvania Fives,
; Ohio Sixes, ; Stonington, 1 ; Norwich and
Worcester, / ; Ilarlem. 1 ; Mohawk, 1 ; Canton,
2 Long Island, /; Morris Canal, ; Kentucky
Sixes, United States Bank, and Erie Railroad closed
firm at yesterday's prices. The sales were not very
large, but the opinion among operators appear to he
favourable to a further decline.
Sterling Exchange for the steamship to-morrow is
very firm at 101, and in several instances 10i was
demanded. The inquiry is very limited, and it is
probable that most of the operations will be made
to-morrow.

Since the departure of the Acadia, the New York
herald says there is quite a decline in the quotations
for many of the State stocks, including some of those
now regularly paying the interest on their public debt.
Indiana, Illinois and Pennsylvania State stocks have
fallen off very much, and a further decline in

the market value of the stock of delinquent States,
must be experienced. The election of Mr. Polk
settles the policy of the administration of the ge-
neral government for the next four years, and the
principle of distribution falls to the ground. The
hope that many entertained of the success of Mr.
Clay, on account of this principle alone must now be
abandoned, and the creditors of the delinquent States,
look to other sources for the payment of their
bonds. Every State must now depend upon its own
resources. Nothing can be expected from the gene-
ral Government to aid them in their financial diffi-

ulties. IVe cannot at present see the slightest fa-
vourable indication in the movements of the repudiat-
ing States, calculated to afford the most trifling hope
to those interested in the regular payment of the ac-
cruing interest on their large debts. So far as the
State of Illinoi3 is concerned, the whole negotiation
about which so much has been said, and so much
time and money consumed, is narrowed down to the
decisionte
Europe. advance
vttahanelceeLtvaietexghdoeisrfial
salat Legislature of the
he winaeithdsfk:tal th e
bondholders State th e coming
nf
agreedupon,eteiocnsnotnhrn earr explodes,lauu tsoriginal ifrea
l
wt
aixn
re-
gards ds the
aer a ffdaeirbst,
position. The subscription to the proposed loan
remains open in London until the Legislature
decide the question. Some additions have been
made to the subscriptions here, but not to an amount
to affect the end desired. Indiana is beyond hope ;
holders of stock of that State, in Europe, have em-
ployed Governor Davis, of Massachu3etts, to lobby
for them through the approaching session of the
Legislature, to obtain, if possible, some action in re-
lation to their demands. As for Pennsylvania, it is
at present impossible to tell what maybe the
result of the course adopted by the last Legis-
lature to meet the interest punctually on the
immense debt of the state. The sale of the public
works is out of the question. It will be found
toim-
possiblean evidence obtain purchasers
of
sthoia on
in the
thetermms proposed.erements
We have
able regardingresul t teha e n
nutb eDelawareexpeti sedi own and
i, t
bt
bac mmoarie
nfavour-line
.
Maryland may do mud) better wi
di her creditors than
any of the other delinquent states, but at present every
thing is in doubt and uncertainty. So far as heard
from the people were liquidating the demands of the
tax collectors very rapidly. Very little change
has taken place in the financial condition of solvent
States, The public works of this State and of

Ohio have binn unusually productive this year,
which, oo far u the latter State is concerned, Qf