The Sun.
London, England, 1850-09-16 00:00:00

THE SVILVIIRINE TELEGRAPH.

DOVER SEPT. 15.—Since the sinking of the first
, .
wire circumstances have occurred calcumted for a
short time to retard the carrying out the project to com-
pletion, seeing that, in order to thecomplete eitablish-
ment of an integral line of telegraphic service between
London, Paris, and the Continent, the promoters have
to obtain a grant from the French -Government of the
18 miles of line extending from the coast to Calais,
from which point to Paris the.wires are erected. To
secure that concession of this section, in- the way or
which some difficulties present themselves' Messrs.
Brett, Wollaston, and Edwards, directors of the un-
dertaking, are now at Paris, awaiting. the return of
the President of the, Republic, who granted the ori-
ginal decree, and to negotiate with the Government
authorities en the subject.
In th.e meantime experience of the experiments al-
ready made goes to prove that a stronger species of
telegraphic tackle will be required.- 'By the terms of
Contract with the French Government it was enacted
that the Government does not reserve to itself the
right of making any similar concession,"•but " that
in case the experiment shall not regnit in a favourable
ixecution by the Ist September,_l.Bso, the right con-

eded will revert to the French bovernment.' Con-
icquent on the conditions laid down in the contract
the promoters successfully submerged the wire ; but,
as' s well known, it was subsequently cut asunder by
some rocks on the French coast.

Since this happened divers have been down, and on
examination it has been found that where the rupture
Of the coil occurred it had rested on "a very sharp
iidge of rocks, about a mile out from Cape Grinea, so
that the leaders weights, hanging' pannier like on
either side, in conjunction with the ,swaying of the
water, caused it to part at that point, -while at another
place in shore the shingle from the beach had the
effect of detaching the coil from 'the leaden conductor
that carried it up the Cape. The wire in its gotta
percha coating was consequently cut in two pieces,
representing a remnant of ;sire, of. 'about 400 yards
Which was allowed to drift away, till it came into the
possession of a fisherman at Bonlogne, who made a
demand of 60f. for the injury he alleges it did to his
iiets. Complaints are made by- the fishermen, both
On the English and French cobsts, that the existence
of the wire will interfere with their deep-sea fishing,
and that its track over the Varne and elsewhere is in
the way of places Most frequented by fish: It is in-
tended; however, at the suggestion cf Mr. J. W.
Brett, to pay these .people an annual rental and to
establish for their familes a 'philanthropic fund, to
inddce them to unite in the protection Of a great na-
tional enterprise. The assistance- of the Admiralty
has also been secured for the issue of prohibitory or-
ders against fishing on the route of the electric sea
line, and against ships dropping or drag-
ging anchors over its site. The authorities
9f Calais and Bologne have intimated that they will
send drummers round the town to advie fish-4nen
not to fish on these spots, and the company will apply
for powers to punish as a misdenianour any attempts
it injuring the wire. The line of wire where it was
dislocated is now securely fastened on to the end of a
large buoy. Her Majesty's ship Widgeon, with Cap-
tain Bullock, has traversed the rest of the track, fish-
ing Up at intervals the whole of the sunk wire out of
I.ooft. and 150 ft. of water, and laying it down again,
thus proving that it has not drifted, and that there
were no currents to remove it.
The promoters of the project appear to be fully ap-
prehensive of the inadequacy or the present arrange-
ment.; and all their ingenuity is :it work to be pre-
pared to meet the emergency. Of Currents it may be
stated that there is no fear, since it has been ascertained
that at certain fixed fathoms, even in the rapids of
the Misiissipi or at the Menai, there are none below
three or four fathoms, and that at, five fathoms there
is calm water. In order to meet all existing or con-
jectured difficulty the character of the undertaking, so
far as its "magnitude and solidity areCoricerned, will
now be altered. The electric wire, thin as a lady's
taylace in itself, mill now be encased`either in a 5 or.
6,10-inch cable of the diameter of those that placed
the Britannia tubes in position, and: these will be
submerged by the aid of enormous weights. The wire
Will be embedded in this gigantic coil or cable, com-
Posed of what is'called whipped plait with wire rope,
all of ifchymically prepared, so as to protect it from
rot; and kyanised ; the whole to be chained down, as
It were, as the rails are on rail Ways, by the gravita-
tion of the huge weights in the bottom of the sea.

•
THE MOORS.
On the Dallas shootings two hundred brace of
rouse were bagged in four days, by Mr. Curwen,
, Ir. North, and a friend. At Ctilduthel, Major Inglis
i• brace of grouse and ten brae?. of black game in
bee day. Mr. Lloyd and Mr. Vivian have bagged
116 brace at Aberarder. On the 31 instant, the
Master of Lovat shot, at Kilmorack, fifteen brace of
grouse, one red deer, and two roe, the latter right and
left shots. In, the forest of Glenstrathfarer, Lord Lovat
fitalked and shot, in four days, four heavy stags, all
With royal heads, and a fifth with nine antlers. On 1
Saturday, Captain Inge kilted a pair of Very fine fat
stags, one shot each, right and left. On Wednesday,.
last week, the Earl of Leicester shot a fine
stag with seven points. A, fine woodcock was
killed on the 24th of August ' at Lochaber by
Mr. Stephen Blair, M.P. for Bolton. We learn
that. Mr. T. B. Crompton"did not commence shoot-
ing at Corrour until -the 31st ult., since which
he has had excellent sport. 0.1 Wednesday, the 4th
instant; with two. friends, he bagged 88 'braze of
grouse, and on Friday, the 6th, With three friends,
104 brace and a half—Mr. Crompton killing 38
'brace to his o;,vn gun. The birds vere 'large and. in
fine plumage, many of them weighing as much as
29'ounces. Upwards of 70 brace of hares'have also
.been killed. At Glengarry, on the '2.1, Captain Barker
.shot 363- brace grouse, two bride - black game, one
woodcock, and 'ix hares. • . e.
SalmOn,fishing, the noblest sport of the -angler, has
.sadly disappointed its votaries this season from the scarcity of fresh-run fish in the Ilighland streams,
'and s-Ano'of our correspondeate` inveigh bitterly
against the " murderous monopoly *of nets and
.cruives." For nearly two months past the -Ness,
Findhorn, and Spey have yielded' little or no sport,
•and a skilful angler of the Spey---.-Mr. Grant of Car-
ronrenowned for his fine oasts of long 'line, 46,
feshion, lately gave up the fishing lii despair and went
,to hiSaneors. Lord Saltoun'atid a party in the Rothes
streams ' are" taking a few good- grilse, and a fine
salMon of 241bs.` has been killed'L- 1 h" '
, by 'his Or( ip a
keeper. On the Elcbles. water-Mr: Ella (the Di-
rector of the'Musical Union) has 4illed a salmon of
22.1b5. - This gentleman some yeiiiSt,.ce killed in tha,
Arndilly streams a fish weighing 271b,.,: but-such'
windfalls seldern'crown the'labeurs o.! the angler. A
fie 'specimen of the salmo ferex was-- captured •the
othet day • on the .Upper Gaery, ' by . Mr.-Eaiees.
keeper; " It weighed 16 lei., and Was' takeri b the-
,artificial fly, a circurriitance th y
t rarCe happens. On
the river BrOra 'a' noble fresh-rues !mon of 30:bs.
• : •
was. on 1 hursday lait killed by Mr. Ilector'Gunri.
The late rains havi. greatly improvld the rivers on the.
. ,east coast. - The Ntss, as wa have liale;.has 'been 6111-
'gtilarly uriprodilatiare... Last, year, betwee the 1 sand
of
August and the
in
of September., then'grilse and
salmon • caught in - . cur 'liver numbered nearly
500., - This Year the number la ill not be mere
than fyom 70 to. 80. We.:knpw too , little of the
le-lits of the Salmon to 'assign any p2rtiCtilar reason
fer sueh a falling off, :but it:bas bteu ascertained that
overethe Whole north Of. Scotland the fish have: Imeg
about'the nacnithe of the ricers
_without venturing up,
as if the onalitY.of the seaterw:as-obnoxic2us.. In the
month Of July ari:uhUsualdrOukht prri;,:iled Over the
country, which lia'a the effect,of4iminl.sbing the prdie
nary Volume' of the*livers ;.,thi4, atleaSt ,in tet 94.!.e
• a the I\l'c:is, wa's-affe.ndtd by -a depitciAtitin in life
quality of the water, which induced the fi,di to remain
in tl-w sea. - Tho fresh which followed this drought

is now gradually subsiding, and within the last fott,-
night the sport has 'generally improved, though
irkzior .tis the aver'agn of.year s ;- and the
so ft r as we can learn, tuny Isesitid of the tivcii
Sutherland, - the west coast,, and the -!north gene-
rally. Lest week the members of the Angling Club
here Ind some fair-sport. Otie member (Mr. D.
Nicol) was`fortunote enough to catch three-tilio,.grilso
on two couseoutive.eVenirgs i others havecanght twO
or three fish in'tho course of the week;` but the most
constant and successful anglurs on the Ness haire
throughout the whole season scarcely basketed a dozen
salmon., Captain Forbes, we believe, has caught
about-ten fish ;:ihir. Nicol, eleven ; Mr. Lowe, fcur
or five; and other gentlemen have had some sport.
Sir J. R. Cirnac and.party, who have been fishing in
the upper pcols of the river, met with excellent sport
one morning last week, Mr. Wilkinson having caught
no fewer than four fitlf 'fish before breakfast: How
far the last few days of the:fshing- may alter these
proportions must yet,be seen; we hope that the 'im-
provernent sihich has been going on of late may
continue tili the eventful 14th instant.---iniernesg
Courier.

THE EARL OF CLARENDON IN
BELFAST..

The Lord-Lieutenant of 'lreland is at present
en-
gaged in making a progress, through the province of
Ulster, and lon Thursday he arrived at Belfast. In
narratino, the visit of his Excellency to the Linen-'
hall, the Belfast commercial ehronicle thui speaks
of the prospect of the linen trade of Belfast :
A grand experiment is, now being made, which
promises to issue in national advantswes to an extent
which it would be difficult to estimate—the present
fair occupant of the, British throne has dispelled .the
,illusion which has hitherto influenced the monarchs of
England---.-that,to emerge from the seclusion of a
palace, diminished the respect of the people for:the
regal office, and their veneration for the highest per-
sonage in the realm: 'Royalty has-seldom descended
to the platform of real life, save to review fleets and
armies, to' open and dissolve Senates; now there is'
royal recognition Intl patron'age of science, arts, and
commerce, the great interested the people as per.
sonally inspected, by the Sovereign, or her represen-
tative, and royal favour gives an impulse to, genius
and enterprise. We fully concur iu ,the sentiments
of Hume in his " Essay on Citil.Liberty;" he ref
Marks—" It- may now be 'affirmed of civilized Mo-
narchies, what was formerly said in France of Repub
lies alone, that they are a gobernment of laws and ' fiat
of men. They are formed of order, method, and
constancy, td a surprising degree—property is there
sacred, industry encouraged, the arts flourish, and the'
Princelives secure aniong his subjects .like a father
among his children." - _

The, memorable visit °filer Mkjesty. to her Trish
dominions, we are persuaded, proved not only a power-
ful stimulus to the, development of the national genius
and energy, .but did more to unite the affections of
the people to the Mitiih Crown, to strengthen the ties
of the international: union, allay dikontent, and
predicate faction,, than the labours of the senate and
the efforts of the most eminent:statesmen have been
able to 'effect during the years of perplexed and
baffled successive administrations. We rejoice to find.
the Irish cxectitive are .dc;terrnined to carry out the
enlarged and _beneiolent policy of the Crown, and.
that her Majesty's representative, the, Lord-Lieu-
tenant of Ireland, with the view of giving efficacy
to the noble' designs of his Royal Alietres, visits the
Capital cf Ulster to shed " reflected rays" on those
great institutions , which give this province so proud
a pre-eminence, and visit those great mercantile
establishments which have placed the metropolis of
Ulster alongside the largest commercial cities of the
empire.

Fully aware the linen trade of Ireland, the staple
of the north, would engage a large share of his Excel-
lency's consideration, and knowing his anxiety fully
to develupe the great capabilities of the island, to-in-
crease to an indefinite extent the. great arm of her
pommerue, wo enjoyed the • anticipated triumph •of
his Lordship's admiration of that splendid establish
pent,-the Belfast White Linen Hall, and doubted not
hii Excellency would participate in the feelings with:
which her -Majesty the Queen was influenced when
inspecting the magnificent establishment of Messrs.
Sadler, Fenton; and Co. So soon as it was officially
announced that his Lordship would, on Thursday,
immediately after receiving the address of the Mayor-,
tlnd Corporation, •visit this, great emporium -of the
linen trade .of Ireland,- the business of the house was
held in abeyance,-•and the officials and operatives %ere
employed in arranging the various fabrics; designed,
for the home and foreign trade, so as to facilitate- the
exhibition, and to afford to his Excellency every pos.
Bible gratification. • • •

Some idea may be 'formed of the extent of- this
great establishment, when we state that it embraces
about one- third of the quadrangle, and occupies two
floors,'measuritig.about 517. feet, it is intersected by
a vast number of arches, presenting several aspects of
long and magnificent'arcades, and the presses being
Painted blue, exhibit a chaste and elegant contrast to
the pure and beautiful blench of the linen ; there are
four offices, in one of which her Majesty received two
addresses on the'memorable occasion of her visit to
the Hall in 1849, is memorial of which, underneath
the portraits cf the. Queen and Prince Albert, is sus-
pended from - the wall, being the only commercial
establishment in her Majesty's dominions which' bas'
been so honoured: '

Whilst visiting the Linen Hall his Excellency re
ceived an addrees from the Roial 'Flax Society, to
which he made a most gracious reply. His subsequent
visit to one of the manufacturing establishments of
the city is thus described in the Belfast Commercial
Chronicle :

Immediately after ° receiving the address, of tlie
Itoyal Irish Thu Society, Ms Excellency, surrounded
by a brilliant staff, :and accompanied by the mayor
and town clerk in their robes' the foreign consuls,
the committee of the .Linen .Hall, the committee of
the Royal, Irish Flax Society, and a vast number of
the gentleineri of :the town and surrounding Country,
'walked aerosi'theqUadiangle of the ball, and entered door of the yarn establishment of lessrs.
l'enton and Co., where his Lordship was introduced
into the private.office, where her Majesty received
two addresses-on the-occasion of her visit in 1849.
ilis Lordship ,was received at the entrance by Mr.
\Villiam Grogan '(in the unavoidable absence of Mr.
Fenton in England), and conducted by that gentle-
man over the entire establishment, including
the yarn and linen department of Messre. S. G:
Fenton and , and the linen 'establishment
of Messrs. Sadler, Fenton, and Co. His Excellency
in the brief time which, could be devoted to the pur-
pose, examined most minutely the vrrious specimens
both of yarn and linen submitted to his inspection,:
and appeared particularly 'interested in the explana-
tions and information afforded by Mr. Grogan ;i in-
deed, the amazing 'variety and vast extent of this cele-
brated establishment must have deeply itnpressed his
Eicellenty With the national importance Of 'the linen
trade, and will doubtless tend more than ever to secure
the patronage in every possible way,
still further, to, develop. to the utmost possible extent
the amazing capabilities of the country. On . his
Lordship inquiring bow the . linen was procured,
Mr. Grogan informed him that till within the last
25 years the bleachjrs purchased nearly all
their linen in open market, where they were brought
for sale. The farmer generally planting a small quart-
tity of fhx,
the females of his family spinning it into
yarn and his sons weaving it, thui in fact becoming
a small Mantifiettirei. himself, but that at present_
.nearly- the entire supply was furnished by large
manufacturers, Mr. Grogan appealing to the experi-:
,ence of. Mr. Sharman Crawford, who stood beside his
Excellency, as_to the correctness of his statement. In
passing through the assorting room his Lordship's-
attention was directed to the various styles of orna-
menting for foreign pial4etF, a large shipment being
in course of`a prepartion. . On examining some cam-
bric bandkerchiefs,the manufacture of Mr. Malcolm
of Lurgin, Mr: Grogan stated to his his ExCellency that
for years. past the English Shopkeepers had .been sup-
plied with the low qualities of . this manufacture,
which were able to furnish cheaper than the French.
On his-Lordship inquiring .why. we • could-not supply
them equally fine with the Frencli, •Mr.-GT•ogsm
plied-they devoted 'more pare- and attention to the
tinelubticchut te thought wes-should'very. speedily
rival them in their tioest fabrics. .
PRATOiiS to his Lnidship's leaving he NTa3 intro
atice'd_into Mr. I'enton's private office, where a large
specie-len of Californian gold was shown him, weigh-
ing 21bs. 2oz. sdwts., received, as a remittance for
linens shipped.to foreign markets, :which appeared
interest his Excellency, who; on returning it, said,
it be biped. the-y should haVe similar returns to 0.11.1111•

limited amount. lliaExceliency then gage his au-
tograph in. the visiting-,hoek. On Mr. Grogan's
Lughirz,ly stating his. delicacy -in submitting thevi-
si:ing-bo. lt-,•af ter the recent disastrous result connected
with such a circumstance to the unfortunate General
Ilay nen, his Tatsrdship; " he had come
amongst us without this slighest apprehension:" • Oa
leaving.his Excelkucy expressed his highest gratifi-
cation with all he had seen, and his regret that ids
limited tithe pieventcd a More minute inspection, and,
sli4,king hands cordially with Mr. G-rovo), he departed
with the same escort viith which he entered the Hall,
leavipg-beliind. him the moat favourable impression
both of the dignity and urbanity ot his manners.
11;:vc eft:in-94)g our
that, amid-..t. the fis!ivitiesiin„which, his Excellez-cy
shall participate in the princely halls of the Stewarts;
be will have a more solid Yource. ofenjoyment in Con-
importance and commercialtemplating the growini
prosperity of
,the capital of Ulster, esp4cially es. re-
gards thitlineri _trade, air the heartfelt demonstra-
tions of loyalty whict have bean • iihibitecl• by, the
peaceable, industrious and intelligent population of
the province. We alto anlicipate his Lordship's
dispatches to Whitehall will place in the strongest

colours before the Government the Jr gi-imate claims
of Belfasl,` for etb.torh, excise, :ma '1,,6tal establibh-
=tilts, more in keep:ng with tha..-iniportance of the
port, and ,thc..wants
,mercantile com-
munity.

THE' APPROA C fIIN G EXPLOSION
AT SEAFORD.
(Abiidg€dfrom tip DrigAton Herald.)

vKater east of Seaford, take plase ,on Thursday.
As the blo=wing up of the -cliff, to form
parts
a-bek-
onfexZakjidngilderl°Ltsearbee"Spepeecttaef4oll3 bt.Cstrifte; IffC°Taniet'alcleour,
of the wozks in their present state, add Of the locality,
may not be unacceptable to the public. •
A stringer,. if he intend to leave. London, as many
scientific, men will do, to witness-the._explosion,
have three routes to Seaford open, to him. He mar.:
proceed to Hayward's Heath by the London and
Brighton line, through Lewes, direct lo'Newhavenl.l
by•line,; or he mar come to 13righttn;'ivhete he 'will
have the choice of two routes; one alBng the cliffs, _
from Brighton to Newhaven, the digtance between
*be two places that_ way being only about eight Or'
rice miles; but the road is very hilly, at places close
to the edge cf the cliffs, and at night very danger-
ous ; end on this road there are no vehicles, unless
hired for the occasion. Since the formation of the-
railway this road is little frequented. The third route':
is from Brighton by rail to Lewes, from whence the
rail is continued to Newhaven. • •

We understand: that a number of officers and men
of the Artillery are expected from-Woolwich to wit-
ness the spectacle, and gentlemen residing in the"
vicinity etpect visitors from Hastings, Dover, Tun- ,
bridge Wells, &a. There 'no doubt but that the
little obscure town of Seaford will' be quite astonished
and enraptured at thus becoming suddenly a point of
attraction from all parts of the kingdom.
The distance—: we write for the information of per
sons re'siding in London or eliewhere—from Brighton
to Lewes, per rail, is eight miles ; frOm Lewes to
Newhaven, seven ; making fifteen ; whereas the hilly-
`road from Brighton to Newhaven is only nine. The
usual time. to-go per rail fromßrighton to Newhaven
soniething under an botir ;- but as excursion trains,
will probably be put on on this'Occasion, the distance
may be done in a much less time.
A sentinel, in reply to our' inquiry for the way;to
the eiplOsion Works very civj,lly direclO us to pro.'
reed by,a path• which bad been made' on the " fUll" of
the beach. Thither we went, and soon found our.,
selves under some heavy sand cliffs. Zmerging to thce-
eastward of these. we had to creep along the beach
close under vast cliffs of chalk (carbonate of lime--
pot like the cliffs on the other side of the Channel,
'which are limestime), the sea washing up- almost to
One'. feekleaving at places barely room to walk lle--
kw,een the cliffs and water. The cliffs here are from
200 to 230 feet high. They are as white as snow;:
interlaced with lines of black flint, generally running:
longitndinally, but here and there vertically. Against.:
these cliffs the beach, when the sea is rcugh apd thy;-
tide is up, is thrown with extremeylolence, so that
the face of the chalk'rock—and there are no " ruins"
of chalk—is continually worn away, and when under-
mined at the bottom vast masses come tumbling down',
from above.

We had to proceed along the heavy beach for
knaybe half a mile, and then 'we came to a large
mound of chalk which had been thrown 'out of the
allery of the works. Ascending the mound, we had
next to mount a long flight of wooden stairs, and at
last found ourselves in a cave of the cliff. On the
Peach we had previously met Captain Froome sketch- ;
ing the face of the cliffs. We informed him of the
Object of our visit, and be immediately expressed a
Wish to assist us in any way in his power, and he at -
'once proceeded to the cave. This is thirty-five feet';
'above the level of the sea; and one of the great
Idifficulties- in the work was the formation of this''
cave. It bad to be cut at the above- Ilight in the
face of the cliff. The-chalk is very hard, and when a .
Fragment was dissevered, it fell- at'once, endangering
the lives of those who cut it away as• well as of those
below. An excavation—large enough- to contain a
inan—was made at last, and increased till large
lnough to hold al.-out twenty mtn; a column bekg '
eft in front- to support the chalk -above. The work
now' -became comparatively - easy, though the
labour was -very great; and the heatln the gallery '
Would have been 'intolerable, but that as soon as the
excavation had been carried a cohsiderahle distance
llnto 'the rock, a very simply-construated 'but effective
ir-pump,' worked by hand, -was- employed. The-
whole of the works are under the -control of Sir John
urgoyne, but under the immediate direction Of Cap-
tain Froome, whilst the voltaic batteries 'are managed"`
by Mr. Ward.

The cave, we have said, is 3 feet above the level
of the sea. At the back of the en'e the great gallery
commences; and- gradually ascends for 70 feet into
the rock. At the extremity of this, the•great gallery
e---here 60 feet above the sea—through which you
'walk in an upright position, two other galleries branch
bff—one on the right hand the other on the left—so
that this portion of the works resembles a capital T.
These branch galleries are neither so wide nor BO
high as the great one,' so that, in going to the ex-
tremities of either you are cautioned to stoop, or you
may bump your head harder than would bo agree-
able against the rock above. At the extremity of
tither of these side branches the visitor will find him-
self in ,another cave, about a dozen or 14 feet square,
to reach the floor of which he descends a step some
12 or 14 inches deep. The roof over head is also
higher very considerably than the side galleries.
The men were now employed in battening or.
planking all the sides of these eaves. When that is
done the powder will be placed in them, and after the
voltaic wires have been laid the whole of the galleries
mill be "tamped" up with sand-bags. These bags.
are about two feet long, and about 20 or 30 inches
'round. It is obvious that if the galleries leading
from the caves at each end of the T were not securely
'stopped up, the powder, when exploded, instead of
))lowing down the cliff would rush through the gene._
ties. To prevent this the galleries are " tamped" up.
'with a great number of these sand-bags, which will
offer more resistance to the exploded powder than the,
chalk rock itself. In these caves, at the end of each
um of the T, are now placed 1,200 lb.-of powder.'
These are the two principal charges. , It-was well we
went the day we did, for the next day (Thursday
last) the men began to " tamp" up the galleries with
the sand-bags, and all ingress to visitors was conse-
quently cut off.
Such are the lower works for the explosion, and

they have no connexion, it must ha observed, what-
ever with the works above, except that of the voltaic
wire.

The cliff thrown down at Daver a few years ago,
was a prOjection, with a fissure behind it. There is-
nothing of the kind at Seaford: :The cliff is compa-

rativeli straight, and of solid chalk rock. It requires
a great force, therefore, to displace any portion of it,
-a.nd the quantity of powder has consequently been
iocreascd—taking into account all the charges—from'
18,000 lb. to 27,0001 b.

Laming, then, the lower works, we returned by
the way we came, and ascended by a pathway through
hills of sand to the upper works.

It was intencleclatTtirst to sink aseinieircular trench':
of great -depth, enclosiCg the upper part of that por-
tion of the cliff to be thrown headlong into the sea;
but this plan, which it would have taken months to
complete, was abandoned, and it was decided to sink
five shafts (or wells) at cetsin distances from each
other in the line where the trench Was 'to have been
dug. These :hafts being all finished in a much
shorter time than the trench could have been dug, the.
day for the explosion was fixed for the 196 Septene--
ber, instead of some day in Deeenibsr, as formerly
contemplated. All these five shafts are auxiliary to
the great works below, upon which everything de-
pends. At the - bottom of each shaft (each 40 feet
deep) a large quantity of powder, is placed • on that
sand-bags, and the whole is filled up with chalk rock:
The wires from the voltaic battery are -conveyed to
the works below over the face of the cliff, whilst
other vices are laid to the powder of each of the shafts-
of the upper works. When lel' is ready, a single'
touch of the voltaic battery in the:little wooden bonse

will fire the plating .wiresirserted,in the powder,.und
down, as if by magic, will fall tens of thousands of
loads of chalk rock.
One of the reasons for these works:being executed
at so small an expense, is the-fact of her Majesty's
Sappers , and Miners being employed. ~The men like
the work, and•prefer it to being shut up in barracks
er garrison.. „.
,There is much difference of opinion as to the noise-
and effect of the explosion. Some of the people of
Seaford have been, advised. to open all,their'windoWd
and doors, s- as to avoid as much as: they can the
consequences of an explosion of 27,0001b5. of powder,
and it is expected that the earth will be shaken for
miles round, as if by an earthquake. But others
think that the noise will not be very great, nor t
air materially disturbed, and though the earth will be
shaken it will not be so much so as to-cause alarm,
Care will, of course, be tnkel to keep the people at
a proper distance, or accidents might occur of a del
p.orah'e nature.. The best place to see the explosion,
if the w esther is favourable, w 4 uld be a mile or se
at sea.
- The prospect from the upper works -is very erten...
*ive, and, in fine weather, es we, hope to have on the
day of the explosion, beautiful. On the brow of the
hill.you see along way -down Channel. Tura round
and you see Cuckraere Haven, Beachy Head, and I
long way up Channel.'; Look towards tie north-east`,
and you see the hilli above fAlftiston, Windermere
Mill, Walburton Church, and as fertile a country ale-
the sun-shines upon. Twin ag,itinlo -the north-west,
Searord lies at your feet, BishoPstone and Newhaven
before you, and the Owe Valley -and Rodmill Mills
in. the distance. is eltogether a country worth
visiting ; particularly at a time when the greatest
plosion of the kind ever known-intitia'country is to
be made.

The explosion will tale place on Thursday next,
the 19th inst., between twelve and three r 24.

THE BRAEMAR HIGHLAND
GATHERING.
(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)

FRAN CE.
We find the following in the Constitutionnel:—" In
the absence of political events, attempts are made to
circulate among the public, and more particularly at
the Bourse, false news, which are afterwards turned
to account with more or less skill. At one time it is
the illness of the President of the Republic, at an-
other it is the sale of the Rentes arising from the
savings banks. For the last few drys the talk has
principally been of the issue of Rentes of the Colonial
Indemnity, which were brought in abundance on the
market, and forced down the prices of the public
funds. The true state of the case is this :—There has
not been yet a single title of rents delivered for the
Colonial Indem❑ity, and consequently none could
have been brought on the market ; and, we may add,
that in consequence of the preliminary and necessary
formalities, some time will yet elapse before the rentes
awarded to the colonists can be delivered."
We read in the Republique :—" The 2d company
of the 2d battalion of the '2d legion of the National
Guard had yesterday to elect several officeri. The
reactionists, faithful to their tactics, were intriguing
for several days to defeat the democratical candidates.
They did everything to prevent the workmen from
voting, but they failed completely. The democratical
Republicans obtained a great majority. Citizen
Binet was elected first captain ; Citizen Ilusso❑
lieutenant; Gosselin sub-lieutenant; Dechavannes
sub-lieutenant; Chopin fourrier, &c. The royalists
of the second arrondissement are, it is said, i❑ con-
sternation at this triumph."
The Journal de Toulouse says that the President of
the Republic is about to visit that city.

SPAIN.
Madrid journals of the Bth have arrived.
The Herald° gives the following as the complete
result of the elections :—Conservatives re-elected 160,
Conservatives newly elected 130, Progressists re-
elected 10, ditto newly elected 4, double elections of
moderates 19, ditto of Progressists 1, elections of the
Balerean and Canary Ands not yet known, 13,
elections null, on account of no candidate having ob-
tained the necessary majority, 12; total, 349. The
moderate opposition, 44 in number, consisting of the
dissident moderates and of what are called the Puri-
tans, have not obtained a single re-election. Th 4 ge-
neral result is an unexampled success for the Minis-
terial party. Count do Punonrostro, Grandee of Spain
and Senator of the kingdom, died on the 7th. There
were new rumours of modifications in the Ministry
being intended on the return of General Narvaez.
The Bth being Sunday, the Stock Exchange was not I
open.

GERMANY.
Accounts from Hesse-Cassel of the 9th state that
great agitation existed, but there had been no rising
against the Government. The New Gazette of
Hesse, a violent opposition journal, continues to ap-
pear in spite of the prohibition of the Ministry, and
as its numbers could no longer be distributed by post,
employed men to carry them out. The chief tribunal
of Cassel had ordered the state procurator to take
means of preventing the unconstitutional acts of the
Government. The Communal Council of Cassel has I
published a protest against the violation of the con-
stitution.

The Grand Duke of Hesse Darmstadt has issued
a decree, extending for another year the decree of
Sept. 1849, against the abuses of the liberty of po-
pular meetings.
Letters from Cassel of the 10th inst., in the Holner
Zeilung, state that the Chief Court of the Electorate
of Hessen has pronounced against the decree of the
7th instant, and against the late military measures
which the Cabinet has thought proper to take. It is
now to be seen whether the miltary will be made
to act in opposition to a judicial verdict, but it is ge-
nerally believed that the Chief Court will be sus-
pended in all its functions. The Cabinet has en- ,
deavoured to impeach and procure the attachment of
the Members of the Permanent Committee (of the
Diet), but the Staats Procurator (Crown Advocate)
has refused to take up the impeachment.
M. Hassenpflug, who, owing to some want in the
customary formalities, is not yet in custody, has
summoned the four Commissioners of Police of
the city of Cassel to place themselues at his disposi-
tion, but it is thought that the police will decline ,
accepting the proposal. The papers, which were
suppressed by the military commander, have since
appeared, though without license.

DENMARK AND THE DUCHIES.
A letter fr, m Hamburgh of the 10th, in the In-
dependance Beige, says :—" Some fighting took place
these last two days in Schleswig, on the right and
left wings of the two armies; whilst on the Bth, the
centre of the Holstein army made a forward move-
ment beyond Breeckendorf to Jagel : its right wing,
attacked by superior forces, was obliged to retreat,
but having received reinforcements of several bat-
talions, assumed the offensive by repulsing the Danes
as far as the walls of Eckernforde. At the same
time its left wing was attacked by six Danish bat-
tkons near Suderstapel. The Holstein troops, forced
at" retreat, received successively reinforcements by
''telarrival of several battalions, and at last drove
`hick the ' • • -.as far as their entrenchments
_of "Aeiriesi • • - These two affairs led to
" nay result, and the two armies returned in the
evening to their respective positions. The first corps
of the Holstein Chasseurs appears to have suffered
much ; nine carts transported the wounded to Heiden.
The Chamber of Representatives of the duchies, con-
voked at Kiel for the 9th, was opened by a speech
from Count Reventlow, member of the Lieutenancy-
General. The Count announced to the representa-
tives that all attempts at peace with Denmark had
successively failed, that power wanting to destroy by
force of arms the independence and national rights of
the two duchies. By the arrival of volunteers from all
parts of Germany, the army was at present stronger
than before the battle of Idstedt. The Lieutenancy-
General took no part in the deliberations at Frank-
fort, and was not in official relations with any foreign
power : the duchies being free from all foreign
engagement, were decided to vindicate to the last
extremity by arms alone the justice of their cause,
and to maintain their national rites. By periodical
gifts in objects of value and money from the German
populations, the public treasury had been provided
:with means of continuing the war; but in the impos-
sibility of fere3eing the end, the Lieutenancy-General
reckoned on the patriotism of the Chamber to accord
it all the subsidies necessary for the consolidation of
the national independence. Although Schleswig is
at present incorporated in fact with the kingdom of
Denmark, all the deputies elected in that province
have come to sit in the Chamber at Kiel. The for- '
mer President, M. Burgum, has been re-elected al- I
most unanimously. It is the same person whose
ardent democratical opinions and violent diatribe?,
from his President's seat, against all the crowned des-
pots of Europe, I pointed out to your notice in 1849.'

[The following appeared in our Third Edition of
Saturday night :—]

This annual Highland gathering, which was ori-
ginally fixed to take place last week, but which, at
the request of her Majesty, was postponed until this
day (Thursday, the 12th), came off with more than
usual eclat.

The weather was really splendid, and at an early
hour the grounds in the vicinity of Braemar Castle
began to assume a very gay and animated appearance.
Precisely at three o'clock the carriages, containing
the Queen, his Royal Highness Prince Albert, the
Prince of Wales, and other members of the Royal
Family and suite, arrived at the Castle, immediately
followed by one containing her Royal Highness the
Duchess of Kent, Prince Leiningen, and their suite.
For a considerable distance from the Castle the
road was lined with Highlanders, and as her Majesty
drove up she received a right hearty Highland wel-
come. At the Castle gate her Majesty was received
by the Duke of Leeds, Mr. Farquharson, of Inver-
cauld, General the Hon. Sir Alexander Duff, and
Captain Forbes, and conducted to a seat which com-
manded the best view of the animated scene before
her.

The usual games of "putting" the stone, throwing
the hammer, tossing the caber, &c., then commenced,
and seemed to afford her Majesty great amusement ;
but that which seemed to give the greatest satisfaction
not only to the Queen, but to all present, was the
foot race to the top of the high and remarkably steep
bill which faces the Castle. Eighteen stalwart High-
landers started and mounted the steep aclivity in fine
style, and the desperate struggle between several of
the men as they ran or rather scrambled up the hill,
afforded infinite satisfaction to all the lovers of High-
land sports and pastimes.
After this race her Majesty and the rest of the
Royal Family entered the Castle, and witnessed the
dancing of Highland reels, Strathspeys, and the sword
dance. The latter difficult one was executed by a
son of Mr. Farquharson's, of Invercauld, in a very
neat manner, and seemingly highly satisfactory to her
Majesty. Shortly after this the Royal Family drove
off for Balmoral, amidst the deafening cheers of the
Highlanders and all present.
A ball in the evening concluded the amusements,
and was attended by most of the nobility and gentry
resident in the country.
Among the company on the esplanade of the Castle,
exclusive of her Majesty and suite, and the retinue of
her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, were the
Duke and Duchess of Leeds arid the Misses Lane
Fox, General the Hon. Sir Alexander Duff and Lady
Duff, James Farquharson, Esq., of Invercauld, Mrs.
Farquharson and family, Brook, Esq., and Mrs.
Brook, J. L. Ricardo, E.g., M.P., and Mrs. Ricardo,
James Duff, Esq., M.P., and Lady Agnes Duff,
George S. Duff, Esq., M.P , &c., &c.