The Sun.
London, England, 1868-03-14 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, MARCH 14, 1868.

THE IRISH CH URCH.

Once more we must return to the past ; and,
loathsome and detestable as the picture is, we
must paint it in all its hideousness. Cham-
pions should know the precise character of
the cause they advocate ; and those who battle
for the cause of the Church by Law Estab-
lished in Ireland should have presented to them
in all its deformity, in the deepest depths of
its wickedness and injustice, the cause for
which they are ready to lay down their lives.
This is no metaphor—they have declared their
willingness to shed their blood, not as martyrs
but as soldiers, in defence of the Protestant
Establishment. Only a few days ago the matter
was brought before Parliament by an Irish
member, but, as yet, we have not received the
reply of the Government. At a Protestant
defence meeting, a Protestant clergyman
uttered the most seditious language, and de-
clared that those who were there assembled
would resist, even by rebellion, any act of the
British Parliament to disendow the Irish
Church. This is not the first specimen we
have had in recent times of the loyalty of the
Orangemen in Ireland. They are loyal so long
as they have their own way in all things, but
when they are threatened in one single thing
they are greater rebels than the Fenians. " Sed
mi ignosco "—we are all partial and forgiving
to ourselves and to those who resemble us ;
and the English Government will punish a re-
bellion that is dictated by national feeling, and
condone sedition that is motived only by
hatred to Catholicity. We have already given
one sketch of the foul creation for which this
minister of the Protestant Church militant
exhorted his hearers to shed their blood as sol-
diers in open rebellion to the Queen of the
country, and the recognized head of the Pro-
testant Church established, without the grace,
and in opposition to the will of God, in the
kingdom of Ireland. But the tale is but half
told ; there is more of the past to be disclosed.
We have to draw, too, the picture of the pre-
sent, and then to speculate on the future.
We have given some insight into the admirably
Christian and saintly characters of the first
four archbishops of Dublin—the founders and
first apostles of this " fold of Christ in Ire-
land," as some would call the Establishment.
The last of them, Bulkeley, who was a re-
gular " priest-hunter " (and he hunted with
a pack of musketeers), lived to be deposed by
the Puritans, and tasted the sweets of im-
prisonment for reading the Book of Common
Prayer, and died at Tallaght, in 1650, " spent
with grief." In a word, the system of spiri-
tual persecution that has existed in Ireland was
formed, founded, organized, and carried into
execution, not by the Executive, but by the
first Protestant apostles, sent over to evangelize
the land. They carried no scrip with them ;
but, in order to fill their purses, they wielded
the staff without mercy. What was the result
of their tyranny ? They alienated the Irish
from any possibilitylpf sympathy with Eng-
land, and introduced a reign of terror, suc-
ceeded by a reign, for a time, of rebellion.
Then as now the Church question was the
great question of the day. The bishops had
their own way, and what was the consequence ?
In the time of Charles 1., the " No Surrender"
of the Ascendancy party and the persistence
of the prelates in the demolition of the Catholic
altars had in time their natural results. The
Catholics of the Pale, resolved no longer to be
deprived of liberty of worship, confederated
with the Irish chieftains—assembled at Kil-
kenny—raised an army—held a Parliament--
established a mint—levied taxes—and " The
Confederation of Kilkenny " declared them-
selves a free nation, subject to the Crown of
England, loyal to their Sovereign, but deter-
mined to enjoy religious liberty. For a time
there was a National Government in Ireland
with all the accessories of nationhood, and the
Government located at Dublin Castle proceeded
to treat with the Government located in Kil-
kenny, through the then Viceroy, as to the
terms on which complete unity and concord
could be restored, and the two Tint-ions mad
one in sympathy, one in loyalty, and one in
prosperity. Intrigue and treachery, and divided
counsels on the one side, and bigotry on the
other, again marred the prospect of forming
fa strong empire on the basis of equality of
rights. The prelatic party fancied they had
gained a victory for the King by creating
disunion amongst the Irish, and preventing the
final adjustment of terms. But the victory
they gained lost the King his throne, and
cost him his head, and the usurper Cromwell
treated them with as little ceremony as they
were disposed to treat the " Papists." But
there was no relief for the poor Papists.
Although some conformed in Dublin, they
West,w-ere and' ti
in 1656,
transplanted "—that is, sent to the
on the petition of Mr.
Hartley, " All Popish shoemakers were ordered
to be searched for by the Mayors and Sheriffs
of Dublin, and none allowed to inhabit in Dub-
lin or its suburbs, but to be ordered to with-
draw and conform to the proclamation." In
1657 " Popish coopers" were discovered and
' ordered to withdraw from the city. And some
of the wealthier Conformists who had good
houses, but who declined to give them up to
the English imports, were returned on a list to
be tried by court-martial if they did not remove
within a stipulated number of hours. The
relaxation which allowed " forty-three Popish
artificers" to continue " to abide in Clonmel,"
and " necessary labourers and artificers, not
exceeding forty," to remain in Kilkenny—the
City of the Confederation—that city in which
the National Government of Ireland sat for
years—did not apply to Dublin ; for in the
metropolis the English had abundance of skilled
Protestant workmen, and could dispense with
" Popish " and unannealed Conformist labour,
while the Protestant trade guilds of the Dublin
itn lhiunthteedir
etxlicelmusio.vuet
parsivipelresgoenss. who
interfered
i o
Need we say more ? Need we paint in fuller
detail this picture of the past ? There is
much more to be said—much more to be
written ; but time presses, and we must, per-
force, pass on to the present. For now-a-days
people are not so much affected by the recital
of past injustices as of present evils, and yet
the past is but the seed of the present, and
the better fruit that has been garnered in
Ireland in late years. The harvest which is
now giving its corn in abundance to Pro-
testantism, and its husks to Catholicity, is
but the result of the seed-so Wing of Anglican
divines (?). For the present we will leave them
and their works, and pass on to the results of
their nefarious schemes. "By their fruits you
shall know them ;" and we confidently assert
that, judged by its fruits in Ireland, the Pro-
testant Church Establishment is a " barren
fig tree." " Why cumbereth it the ground ?"
First, we must make manifest its barrenness,
and then ask every honest man why the sen-
tence " Cut it down " should not be passed
upon it F—Westnzinster Gazette.

The yacht Challenge, owned by Mr. Lorillard,
of New York, on a recent trip, made seventeen and a h alf
knots an hour, sailing close upon the wind, two points
nearer than a ship could be brought to it, and it is as-
serted that running two points freo should have made
twenty knots.
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MISCELLANEOUS NEWS.

(From the Anglo-American Times.)

A writer in the Times objects to casual or unau-
thenticated telegrams from America on the cotton
market. We presume he alludes to the reports of
the Messrs. Neill, which, with another American
firm, dispatch messages to Europe, which cause the
violent fluctuations lately witnessed in Liverpool.
If the Liverpool Chamber of Commerce objects to
the messages of private firms producing results so
great, the , simple remedy is in their hands, of
procuring returns from an official source. The
following message is dated New York, March 7 :
"According to Messrs. Neill's report the week's re-
ceipts of cotton at all ports amount to 83,000 bales,
against 52,000 last year, and the total since the Ist
September to 1,733,000 against 1,425,000 last year.
Exports to Great Britain this week, 53,000 bales,
and since Ist September 773,000 bales. Exports to
Prance for the week, 10,000 bales, and since Ist of
September, 166,000. To other foreign ports for
the week, 12,000 bales ; and since Ist September,
172,000. Total exports for the week, 75,000 bales ;
since Ist September 111,000. Stock at all ports,
345,000 bales. Rivers rising. Gulf markets de-
pressed. The steamers sailing to-day for Europe
take out $250,000 in specie.
Mr. Adams, we believe, will not leave London
nor vacate his appointment so soon as was expected.
If our information be correct he has consented, at
least for the present, to remain at his post.

If the Hon. Ben. Wade succeeds to the Presi-
dency, vice Andrew Johnson removed, the Union
Pacific Railway, in all its branches, will have a
good friend in a high place. He takes the greatest
interest in everything connected with that grand
undertaking, and be will surely use the great power
and influence he will possess for its advantage.
The following telegram was received last Satur-
day morning, dated Washington, March 6 :--" Pre-
sident Johnson has been summoned to appear before
the Senate Court on the 13th instant. The Secre-
tary of the Treasury has issued the usual monthly
statement of the public debt of the United States.
The total amount of the debt on the Ist March was
$2,618,000,000, against $2,651,000,000 on the Ist
of February last, being a decrease of $3,000,000.
The cash in the Treasury on the Ist instant was
$128,000,000, against $121,000,000, being an in-
crease of $1,000,000." The Message, dated New
York, March 11, relating to the New Hampshire
elections, is embodied in our first leading article.
Last week we had an instance of the enterprise
of individual journals in New York, when Colonel
Anderson, the agent of the New York Herald gave
the latest intelligence to the people of England, of
their expedition in the wilds of Abyssinia. This
week we have a striking instance of the lavish ex-
penditure the American Press will incur to obtain
the fullest and earliest information. The whole
debate on the Alabama Claims was sent to New
York by the Cable. What a contrast to the pro-
ceedings of the London Press. The New York
Herald every morning contains columns of close
print, every word of which has arrived by telegraph,
no small portion coining from Europe. In the
Empire City the inhabitants have earlier and fuller
news of events in Europe than th 3 citizens of Lon-
don—a strange fact, though undeniably true. For
a week there existed a not very improbable chance
of the United States being plunged into a civil war ;
yet the whole enterprise of the London Press was
confined to a five or ten pound message, which the
liberality of the Times induced it to give. We were
obliged to calculate the course of events arising
from the impeachment of the President by the price
of gold. We hope some day that we will be in a
position to obtain " special" telegrams on Friday
night for this newspaper.
The Committee appointed by the House to pre-
pare the Impeachment charges had agreed to five,
and were consulting as to the sixth. In Lorenzo
Thomas's appointment three violations of the
Tenure-of-Office Bill are charged. Two are based
on a law approved July 31, 1861, to define and
punish certain conspiracies—
That if two or more persons within any State or terri-
tory shall conspire together by force to prevent, hinder, or
delay the execution of any law of the United States, or by
force to seize, take, or posse,...), property of the fTeitpa
States against the will or contrary to the authority of the
United States, or by force, or intimidation, or threat to
prevent aty person from accepting or holding any office or
trust or place of confidence under the United States, each
and every person so offending shall be guilty of a high
crime, &e.

This is violated by the General's action on the Pre-
sident's order to take possession of the War De-
tartment. These articles are susceptible of easy
proof, and can be quickly decided, and therefore
recommend themselves strongly to the house. The
other on which the Committee was doubtful
accuses the President of attempting to bribe by
promoting army officers. This would require time
to secure the proof and delay the trial. Mr. Sumner
proposed a resolution in the Senate, on the 28th
February, forbidding official intercourse between
which was re-
thattChamber and the President,
j ec ed.

A profound sensation has been created at Flo-
rence by the report that Mr. Seward had included
the name of General Garibaldi among the secret
agents employed in Europe by the United States.
On the list sent by Alt.. Seward to Washington, the
General was said to be the agent for Italy. The
discussion in Congress on the proposal to strike out
the appropriation for these agents called forth a
strong opposition from Mr. Seward. He defended
the system, maintaining its utility, and on occasions
its absolute necessity, while distinctly refusing to
give up the names of those employed. The report
is almost as insulting to the Secretary of State as
it is to the Italian patriot, for Mr. Seward is as
little likely to betray his agents as Garibaldi is to
act the spy.

If Royal ceremonials can do anything for pa3ify-
ing Ireland, which we believe they can, the Prince
of Wales is about to make a good beginning. lle
proceeds to Ireland, accompanied by the Duke of
Cambridge, to be enrolled among the Knights of the
National Order of St. Patrick. This Order consists
of twenty Irish noblemen, the Sovereign being its
chief, and the Lord-Lieutenant for the time its
Grand Master. The Prelate is the Lord Primate,
and its Chancellor the Archbishop of Dublin. The
last ceremonial took place in 1821 when the Marquis
of Drogheda was installed, and George IV. presided.
This is to be the great feature of the intended visit,
though there will be many grand military displays,
the great race of Punchestown, and a series of
magnificent entertainments by Lord Abercorn.
Pat is very fond of glitter, and if he can thus easily
be pleased, it is, to say the least, a pity that such
efforts have been delayed so long.

The Democratic National Committee, which met
at Washington on the 22d February, decided on
New York as the place, and July 4 as the time for
holding the Democratic National Convention. The
Cleveland Johnson Soldiers and Sailors' organization
will also meet at the same time and place to strengthen
the above Convention. The committee seem to
favour Pendleton for President, and young John
Quincey Adams for Vice-President. Judge John
D. Caton, of Ottawa, Illinois, when declining to
stand as Democratic candidate for Governor of the
State, declared it to be his opinion that Pendleton's
nomination for the Presidency will inevitably secure
the defeat of the party. Horatio Seymour and
others found supporters among the committee.
The Kentucky Republican Convention nominated
General Grant for President, so also did those of
Wisconsin and Missouri. The Kentucky Demo-
cratic Convention nominated George 11. Pendleton,
and that of lowa went for the samecandidate.
An attempt has been made to assassinate Presi-
dent Juarez, in a theatre, and to rob the Treasury.
The advices are to the 19th February. Two Mexi-
cans returned from Havannah had induced the offi-
cers of the regiment guarding Juarez' palace to take
part in the plot, but it was exposed and defeated, the
officers being arrested, as well as many foreigners.
Romero, the new Secretary of the Treasury, esti-
mates the monthly revenue receipts at $300,000, of
which $50,000 is to be set aside for payment of the
legitimate foreign debt, in which is included that of
Great Britain and Spain. An order has been issued
by the Government to sell by auction confiscated
property, the proceeds to be used for extinguishing
the national debt ; and it is thought by this means
$lOO,OOO of the amount can be paid off monthly.
Juarez has obtained six months leave of absence to
visit Washington. The Government has granted

to the United States the right to establish coal
depots on either the island of Pichilinque or at
Lopez, a concession repeatedly refused the British
Government. A steamship company now run ves-
sels from San Francisco every 20 days to Mazatlan,
thence to Acapalco, carrying the Mexican mails,
under a Government subsidy. A clause in the con-
tract stipulates for the company to present the
Mexican Government with a steamer armed with
four 12 and two 24 pounder guns, and a full comple-
ment of men. Heretofore the company was com-
pelled to place their vessels under Mexican colours, but
under the new arrangement steamers are permitted
to sail under the American flag.
Adjutant-General M‘Dougall, of Montreal, pro-
poses to fortify the frontier of Canada, as a protec-
tion against the United States in the event of war,
by a series of detached forts of wide circumference.
Frank Leslie calls this the most stupid suggestion of
the year, and we heartily agree with our contempo-
rary. " Canada," it says, " would be crushed up
like an empty egg shell in the event of a war, and
as the Canadians flatter themselves if they think the
United States would take them as a gift, both sides
might spend their money in a more rational man-
ner." The debates in Parliament on the subject
represent so much time thrown away. Money ex-
pended in the way Adjutant-General M‘Dougall
proposes is worse than sunk in the Atlantic. When
a weak General within the grasp of a strong enemy
can deceive his opponent by paper fortifications and
wooden guns, as the Chinese do, he may escape
under cover of the delusion. But a General who
deceives himself by such fortifications most surely
comes to grief. Nothing can be more mischievous
than a belief in one's own strength where there is
only a well-known weakness, and it provokes the
very danger that either strength would have pro-
vided against or a known weakness averted.
There is a sympathetic influence between the
English and Americans, notwithstanding the
breadth of the Atlantic. Even the Clerk enwell
explosion can find au echo at Washington. Mr.
Kennedy, the superintendent of the New York
police, discovered that 1651 b. of nitro-glycerine
had been obtained from the United States Blasting
Oil Company under a forged order, and as he could
not trace it, he informed Major Richards, superin-
tendent of the Washington police, of the fact, sup-
posing that it might be intended for blowing up
Congress. Major Richards forwarded the despatch
to Speaker Colfax, who communicated its contents
to the House. As Mr. Kennedy declared the quan-
tity sufficient to blow up St. Nicholas' Hotel in
New York many members became possessed with
the idea of a Guy Fawkes' plot, ani the House was
quickly and considerably reduced in number. At
least that is one statement. The other is, that the
Democratic side listened to the letter with shouts of
laughter, declaring that they could not believe any
rebel would blow them up merely to destroy the
Republicans. All idea of violence at Washington
arising from impeachment has evaporated.
Cyrus W. Field, at his great dinner in the Palace
Hotel, exclaimed, with that energy that shows that
the sentiment is from the heart, " Cursed be the
man who breeds strife between these kindred
nations." If we are to believe the Washington
correspondent of the Standard, the man is Andrew
Johnson ; the motive, a low selfish design for
diverting public attention from himself and sup-
porting the rotten political platform on which he
stands with a few fresh props. Not only does the
correspondent reiterate the truth of the information
contained in his letter of 31st January, asserting
that President Johnson had determined to bring
the Alabama claims to a direct issue, putting Mr.
Seward aside, and insisting upon the settlement
demanded by America, but he maintains that the
President is more than ever bent on this step, that
he regrets having delayed it so long, that he thinks
the opportunity now to be good, that impeachmen!,
has strengthened rather than weakened his purpose,
and had he acted earlier, he believes he would have
disarmed his Radical enemies. Whatever might
have been the effect of earlier action, the time has
certainly now gone by. The correspondent writes
as if Andrew Johnson was somebody of importance
in the Union. It is not unlikely that the next de-
spatches sent by an European American Minister will
be submitted to the Hon. Ben. Wade, and if An-
drew Johnson be found guilty he will subside into
something less than ordinary American citizens, all
of whom, except criminals, can at least aspire to
office, whereas Andrew Johnson will be incapaci-
tated by law. We do not think that the intentions
of Andrew Johnson are worth considering.
The Bill passed by Congress declaring a ma-
jority of the votes cast to be sufficient does not
affect Alabama, as it is not retrospective. Definite
returns of the election had not been received. In
55 counties 78,095 votes were cast, of which
77,572 were in favour of the Constitution. Seven
counties remained to be heard from, but in three of
these there were no elections at all, and General
Hayden refuses to order others. The Republicans
relied upon the negro vote, yet only two-thirds of
those registered came to the polls. Congress is at
a loss how to deal with Alabama. At a Congres-
sional caucus it was proposed to declare the State
reconstructed by an Act of Congress, but this
was strongly opposed by many leading mem-
bers of the party. The Florida Convention has
adopted its Constitution. Harrison Reid was
named for Governor, William H. Glasson for
Lieutenant-Governor, and C. 11. Hamilton for
member of Congress. The five members who re-
fused to sign the Constitution had their pay and
mileage stopped by the forty who did sign it. North
Carolina has nominated ex-Governor Holden for
Governor under the new Constitution, and Colonel
Heaton for member of Congress. Georgia is discussing
the question whether railway companies and other
carriers should not be compelled to transport ne-
groes in equality with whites. Virginia has been
discussing suffrage, and two black delegates de-
fended with vigour and skill the capacity of negroes
to use the suffrage for good. A Tennessee Judge
recently refused negroes to serve on a jury. The
Louisiana Treasury is bankrupt, and in conse-
quence there is danger of the Government ma-
chinery stopping—the military aid in the col-
lection of taxes. Three thousand negroes ask
the aid of Congress to emigrate from Mis-
sissippi to Liberia. In Arkansas the Recon-
struction election is to commence on the 15th of
March, to remain open until more than half the
registered members have voted. General Grant has
directed General Hancock to countermand his order
removing seven members of the New Orleans Com-
mon Council, and if Hancock acts up to what he
threatened he will resign. The Mississippi Con-
vention passed a resolution thanking Congress for
Impeachment.

The Supreme Court has had before it several im-
portant cases, involving the power of a State to tax
Government Bonds held by savings banks and
corporations, though it has not yet reached a deci-
sion. Two of these cases are from Massachusetts,
Attorney-General Adams appearing for the State.
Mr. Dawes acted in one of them for the Corporation.
It was the opinion when the mail of 29th Feb-
ruary left that the Republicans would come off vic-
torious in the elections in New Itampshire. The
recent events at Washington, it was believed, had,
strengthened the party; and it was thought they
would carry the State by a majority of 3,000.
Many of those interested in the cause had left for
Connecticut, where their services were more needed,
considering the result to be certain in New Hamp-
shire. General Sickles, on the 26th February,
addressed a large meeting at New Haven. The
election was watched with a keen interest, as indi-
cative of public opinion on Impeachment, and as
the Republicans have carried the State it may be
accepted on this side as the best proof of the na-
tional sentiment.

The best point made by Lord Mayo, in his reply
to Mr. Maguire on the Irish debate was that if
Ireland is crushed beneath a tyranny—that tyranny
is administered by Irishmen. The Lord-Lieute-
nant is an Irish nobleman, the Chief Secretary is an
Irish countrygentleman, with less Saxon blood in his
veins than many of the patriots that spout Fe-
nianism in New York. The Lord Chancellor is an
Irish lawyer, the Judges are all Irishmen, nine out
of twelve being Roman Catholics. The police, to
which Mr. Maguire referred as of a purely military
character, intended to act in masses against the
people, were entirely Irish, and mostly Roman

Catholics. Even the army, occupying the fortified
positions to which Mr. Maguire alluded, are more
than half Irishmen, both officers and men. It is
now announced that the Rev. William O'Neill, of
Shane Castle, Antrim, the successor to the estates
of the late Lord O'Neill, is to be raised to the Peer-
age. The clan is perhaps the most numerous, and
the name perhaps the most historical in Ire-
land ; and although we believe that the true head of
that great family has been traced to a sergeant in
the army, yet failing the most legitimate candidate
for the chief of this house the Government has
selected the most eligible, evidently desirous that it
should not be without its title.

General Lorenzo Thomas, appointed Secretary of
War, ad interim, and who will hereafter be remembered in
connection with the impeachment of President Johnson,
was born at Newcastle, Delaware, on the 20th October,
1804. His father was of Welsh extraction, and on the
mother's side he is descended from the Randolphs and the
famed Princess Pocahontas. He graduated,at West Point
in 1823, and was from time to time promoted, receiving in
1838 the appointment of Assistant Adjutant-General,*with
the rank of brevet-major, and lieutenant-colonel by brevet
in 1846 for gallant and meritorious service at the battle of
Monterey. At the commencement of the late war he held
the grade of lieutenant-colonel, and was appointed adju-
tant general, retaining the arduous position throughout
the struggle. Ile is generally disliked in the regular ser-
vice, ranking next to Stanton among army officers in un-
popularity. Ile has all Stanton's bad points without his
clear views, strong will, and great executive energy, and
he possesses Andrew Johnson's gift of giving and taking
offence without his ability. His main idea is to obey
orders.

Thomas Ewing, of Ohio, the President's choice
for Mr. Stanton's successor as Secretary of War, is a poli-
tician of the last generation, having been born in Virginia
in 1789, and elected to the United States Senate in 1830.
Ho was Harrison's Secretary of the Treasury in 1811, and
in 1818 was again in the Cabinet as Secretary of the Inte-
rior. He has lately resided at Washington, practising oc-
casionally in the Supremo Court. He takes unceasing
pleasure in talking about his son-in-law, Lieut.-General
William T. Sherman.

It is announced that a majority of the Ecclesias-
tical Court in New York who are trying the Rev. Mr.
Tyng, of the Episcopal Church, for violating its canons by
conducting service in a Methodist Church, have found him
guilty. The punishment for the offence, as it is Mr.
Tyng's first one, is an admonition given by the bishop pub-
licly in a church of the diocese, and in the presence of at
least three other clergymen.

The Moniteur of yesterday announces that
General de Fully has boon nominated a Senator, and
Admirals Reynaud and Fleuriot de Langle grand officer
of the Legion of Honour.

The Queen will probably visit Cambridge this
" commencement," for the purpose of inaugurating the
statue of the lato Prince Consort, subscribed for by the
members of the senate.

The British branch of the International League
of Peace and Liberty have resolved to present an address
to Mr. Adams, the American Minister, before he loaves
this country. It is expected that Mr. John Bright, M.P.,
will accompany the deputation, which Mr. Adams has
agreed to receive to-day.

Gen. J. B. Steedman has resigned the collector-
ship of internal revenue in New Orleans, to take effect
Mayls.

The Canadian volunteers, who arrived at Rome
on the 10th, were received on the same day by the Pope,
who expressed his satisfaction at their devotion, and gave
them his benediction.

Clamor Frederick Hagedorn, Consul-General of
Bavaria and Hesse Darmstadt, and Consul of the Grand
Duchy of Baden, of Brunswick, of Saxe Coburg, Olden-
burg, and Saxe Weimar, died at his residence in Phila-
delphia on Tuesday, February 25.

Mr. Robert Brown, the last of the Arctic voyagers,
is preparing a work on the "Physical Geography of Green-
land," from researches undertaken during three different
scientific journeys to the Artic Regions, the last of which
was in 1867.

The Temperance organizations of New York and
its vicinity had a grand celebration of the 136th anniver-
sary of the Birthday of Washington at the Coopor Insti-
tute, on the evening of the 22d ult.

The Seventy-ninth Regiment of Highlanders
had their ninth annual ball at Irving Hall, New York, on
Friday evening, Feb. 21.

Her Royal Highness Princess Louise honoured
Mr. J. Bell with a visit to his studio last Wednesday,
where her Royal Highness inspected the group of statuary
representing America, intended for the National memorial
of the Princo Consort in Hyde Park.

On the 18th ult. Colonel Elliott F. Shepard was
married in the Church of the Incarnation, Madison Avenue,
Now York, to the daughter of W. 11. Vanderbilt, Esq„
and granddaughter of Commodore Vanderbilt. There
were present Governor Fenton and family, Colonel N. W.
Thorn, Judge Roosevelt, Mr. Vanderbilt Allen, &e. The
bridesmaids were the Misses Sherman, Van Doren, Sand-
ford, and Conies. The Rev. Dr. Cook and the Rev. Stephen
Tyng performed the ceremony. Mr. W. 11. Vanderbilt
gave his daughter away, whose residence, 420, Fifth
Avenue, was afterwards thronged with guests.
Mr. Anson Burlingame, first Ambassador from
China to Christian Powers, was dining with Prince Kung,
when he announced his intentioa of resigning his post as
Minister of the United States. Several mandarins
applauded his services during his visit to Europe and
America in 1865, and two days after the dinner a deputa-
tion waited on him and tendered him the Embassy, which
Mr. Burlingame accepted on the condition that it "should
be placed in all respects on a footing of the highest respec-
tability." A week after he received his credentials,
written on yellow silk, and bearing the great seal of the
empire.

The American papers state that a younger and
favourite brother of Charles Dickens came to reside at
Chicago some fifteen years ago. Ile entered the office of
the Illinois Central Railroad, but he lost his health and
died about two years ago, leaving a widow and large family
unprovided for. It is asserted that one of the principal
reasons of Mr. Dickens's present trip to America is to visit
the grave of his brother, Augustus N. Dickens, and to as-
sist the widow and the children.

The marriage took place on the 9th inst., at All
Saints', Kensington, by the Rev. W. Walter Edwards,
M.A., of Charles Temple Di; youngest son of his Excel-
lency the United States Minister to France, to Camilla
Ottilie, widow of Andrew Watson, Esq., of Edinburgh,
and niece of the late Mrs. Anna Jameson.

Mr. IL W. Lord, United States Consul in Man-
chester, after some years of service, is about to retire, and
this week the Mayor presided at a farewell dinner given
to him by a number of Manchester gentlemen, when an
address expressive of cordial monliments of friendship was
presented to Mr. Lord.

Government has released Dr. Waters, one of the
writers of the fridiman newspaper, who was arrested on
tho Lord-Lieutenant's warrant. He was one of the leaders
of the Dublin funeral procession.

Wilkes' Spirit says on the proposed boat race between
Oxford and Harvard, after discussing the obstacles still
existing to the scheme :—" The Harvards, if they cross,
propose to do so in September, the Faculty refusing
their consent to their absence at any other time.
This is not the most available season for such an
excursion, as all England ruralizes at partridge-
shooting and sea bathing in the soft dawn of the fall ; but
the interest excited by the contest would draw crowds from
their seclusion to greet their cousins from over the sea. This
event successfully inaugurated, no matter who may be the
victors, may lure an Oxford crew to visit us the following
summer; and the consequent intercourse may convince
our people that all Englishmen are not surly, selfish, and
self-conceited, and, per contra, that all Americans do not
expectorate in drawing-rooms, and are not lank and sallow
from dyspepsia, or braggart vaunters of manifest destiny.
This desirable and conservative result alone should inspire
a general interest in the bold challenge of the Harvard
lads, and we trust that such a pressure may be brought to
bear upon the matter on either side of the ocean that a
match will inevitably ensue."

The Pall Mall Gazette remarks :—The first elec-
toral battle of a year which must be immensely important
to American parties has been won by the Republicans.
The State elections for New Hampshire, which took place
on Tuesday, have terminated in a victory for the party that
has already been so long in power, although the cable does
not tell us by what majority the victory has been gained--
a very important thing to know. Last year the majority was
only about 3,000 on a total vote of 68,000. The importance
of the Republican victory is obvious. It is a sort of pre-
rogative vote. That the first election of the year in which
the President is to be voted for should have ended thus
will encourage the reigning party and conciliate the support
of waverers, who are probably not much less numerous in
the United States than in older communities. It is a conclu-
sive sign, as even Democratic writers have instructed us,
that the Republicans are not losing ground, and hence the
anxiety with which the result has been anticipated in all
parts of America. It furnishes no guidance in repudia-
tion, as this was not a plank of either platform, to use the
phrase of the country ; but it does show, so far as it goes,
that Gen. Grant is to beat Mr. Pendleton for the
Presidency.

Under a new arrangement just concluded be-
tween the Post-office Departments of the United Status
and Canada, the single rate of postage on letters will be
reduced, on and after the Ist day of April next, from ton
t o six cents, if prepaid at the office of mailing in either
country ; but if posted unpaid, or insufficiently prepaid,
they will be subject to a postage charge of ten cents per
single rate in the country of destination. The authorized
weight of a single letter will be fifteen grammes by the
metrical scale, and half an ounce in Canada. Postmasters
will levy pcstage accordingly on and after the Ist of
April.

The horses Empire State and Ivanhoe raced from

Brighton to Worcester, Western Massachusetts, on the
22d February, for E 1,0003 and Empire State won in the
remarkable time of 2 hours and 24 minutes, but died at
night in consequence of the cruel exertion,
The following incident in American trade with
Japan will be read with intorest. Mr. H. Dunn, of San
Francisco, shipped to Yokohama 1,332 trees, 165 bushes,
3,500 plants, and 19,000 grape cuttings. Of these there
were 460 apple, comprising the best varieties, 12 necta-
rine, 20 apricot, 250 pear, 80 cherry, 180 peach, 180 plum,
80 almond, 40 quince, and 40 fig trees. The bushes were
25 currant, 40 gooseberry, 50 raspberry, and GO blackberry.
This amount is sufficient to form three fair sized orchard 3,
and vineyards, and if they arrive iu Japan in good order,
will ere many years probably be found in all portions of
that country. The trees, plants, &c., in exchange, aro ex-
pected to arrive by the Great Republic or China, and as
they aro to be sent on behalf of the Japanese
Government by Matsmoto Judiyu, tho late Commissioner,
who is now Superintendent of Agriculture, they will pro-
bably embrace most, if not all, the valuable varieties known
in Japan. Their arrival in good order will form an era in
fruit cultivation in California, as they will no doubt prove
a very valuable addition, which will bo of greater import-
ance when railway communication is established with the
Atlantic States.

On the 4th May, 1866, the American ship
General Grant, 1,092 tons, of Boston, commanded by Cap-
tain Loughlin, left Melbourne, Australia, for England. A
few days after her departure she was wrecked on the
Auckland Islands, about 160 miles south of the Snares,
which is the southernmost land of New Zealand. The
General Grant was a considerable distance out of her
course, as most ships bound round The Horn pass not far
from the Snares. None of her passengers were saved, and
but 11 out of 13 of the crew. Being opt of the track
of ships, and on an uninhabited island, the survivors re-
mained for nearly two years unrescued. The vessel was
given up, and the insurance effected in London long since
paid. It was only by a telegram just received from Mel-
bourne that her fate became known. Her chief cabin passen-
gers:were Mr. and Mrs. Ray, Mrs. Oat and family, Rev. Father
Surds, Mr Edel, Mr. Deans, Mr. Johnson, Mr. Woodrow,
and Mr. Tebbetts. She also had 33 second and third
class passengers. The Invercauld was lost a few years
since on the Aucklands, and it was eighteen months be-
fore her captain and survivors were rescued. In 1854
these islands were the headquarters of a whaling company,
at the head of which was a gentleman well known in
those seas. For many years he maintained an establish-
ment on the Auckland Islands, where he held a very
anomalous position, as a maker, administrator, and exe-
cutor of laws; of course keeping up a vigorous corres-
pondence, when the opportunity offered, with the Foreign
Office, who are always warding off the attacks of British
subjects in possession of outside scraps of territory. Speak-
ing of such spots, that held by the most singular tenure
under the Crown is Ascension, which belongs to the navy
and is supposed to be a ship at anchor, or a floating
island moored in mid-ocean. It presents a very solid
appearance, having a mountain rising several thousands of
feet, and at this masthead lives the captain, who exercises
an absolute control over all who land, the regulations being
precisely the same as on board the man-of-war anchored in
the offing ; no other laws than the Navy Regulations hav-
ing any force in the island. Another curious spot is
Christmas Island, of which Captain Ross has taken pos-
session; but perhaps the strangest history and the most
interesting inhabitants are those of Norfolk Island, now
the home of the Pitcairn islanders, the descendants of the
Bounty mutineers. Thaeisland, of singular beauty, was
made a pandemonium by the transport to it of the worst
of the Australian and Van Diemen's Land convicts. Eng-
land sent her very bad criminals to Van Dieman's Land,
and they extracted the concentrated essence of this vice
and sent it to Norfolk Island, till the wickedness grouped
on the little spot of unequalled beauty shocked the moral
sense of England, and the depot was broken up, the isle
becoming the home of the Pitcairn people.
Although the large arrivals of American wheat,
to which we called attention a few days since, are certainly
a very encouraging sign of the times, there appears reason
to fear that the French crise alintentaire is not yet at an
end, and this fact must exercise a certain influence on the
wheat trade all over Europe. The east, west, north, and
centre of France will still have to seek for supplies on the
Marseilles market ; and although the arrivals at Marseilles
have been large of late, it is remarkable they have been
absorbed as soon as they have come to hand. Thus the
stock at Marseilles stood February 21 at 3,851,299 kilo-
grammes, and the imports in the week ending February
27 were 2,165,195 kilogrammes, making a total of 5,516,494
kilogrammes. Of these amousits, however, 2,455,973 kilo-
grammes were taken off in the week ending February 27,
thus reducing the stock at this date to 3,960,521 kilo-
grammes, or 3,1160} tons.—Pall Mall Gazette.
Mr. E. G. Squier, late Commissioner of the
United States to Peru, has brought some curious infor-
mation from that country. He asserts that from a va-
riety of causes the white population of Peru is diminish-
ing relatively, if not absolutely, and that there is good
reason for believing that the day is not far distant when
the Indians of the interior will assert their independence,
and make au effort to restore in some form the empire of
the Incas, the memories of which are cherished among
them, under some one of the descendants of those sove-
reigns. Such a result, Mr. Squier thinks, would not be
misfortune for Peru or the world.

COURSE OF EXCHANGE—This Evening.

Amsterdam Short ~. 11 18 ~, 11 181
Ditto
R0tterdam.......,..
Antwerp — ... 25 31 ... 25 371
Brussels
Hamburgh — ... 13 9 ... 13 10
Paris Short ... 25 10 ... 25 20
Ditto
Marseilles....
Frankfort-on-the-Main ... ... 120} ... 1201
Vienna . — ... 11 80 ~. 11 90
Trieste — ... 11 80 ... 11 90
Petersburg — ~. 82} ... 82}
Berlin ...
... 6 26}, ... 6 27}
Madrid — ~. 481 ~. 48}
Cadiz
...
Leghorn — ~. 29 0 ... 29 10
Milan
Genoa — ~. 29 0 ... 29 10
Naples
Palermo — ... Messina 29 0 ... 29 10
••• 29 0 ... 29 10
Lisbon
Oporto— ... ~. ... 51/
... ... ~. 511

Foreign Mail Packet List.

MAILS DUE.

iustralia and New Zealand, via Southampton..... March 28
Ditto, via Marseilles ................March 22'
Ditto, via Panama March A
Brazil, Buenos Ayres, and Monte Video April 6.
Ditto, by French packet ... ....... March 22
Cape Verde, by Brazil packet ....... .. ...... April 6....
.)ape of Good Hope. Ascension. and St. Helena.... March V:
(Mita. Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton.. March 21
Ditto, via Marseilles 110.111.41
Falkland Islands ......March 15
dribraltar, via Southampton March 1
• •
India, via Southampton .• MM. • • •
' . March 15:
Ditto, via Marseilles •••••• •. • • March ,"'
Malta, Egypt, Ao. March •A'''
Ditto, Marseilles March 9
Mauritius, Cape of Good Hope, and Natal, via
Southampton March 21'
Ditto, Marseilles ~ march 15.
Newfoundland March 1 i'
Portugal April 0.

Ditto, by p rivrt I e ship to Oporto
Ditto ditto to Lisbon
United States, Canada, California, dr.c., by British 18,
packet March
Ditto, by L nited States packet
Ditto ditto (New York)

re
[ADTERTISEMENT.)—HoIIoway's Pills.— Thesepills - A
_„
better for strengthening a debilitated constitution On
any other medicine in the world. Persons of a nerve e,
habit of body, and all who are suffering from weak dige
five organs, or whose health has become deranged g,
bilious affections, disordered stomach, or liver complai t 1
sia
should lose no time in giving these admirable pills a 100
trial. Coughs, colds, asthma, or shortness of breath
also within the range of the sanative powers of this
markable medicine. The cures effected by these 0115 ,ate.
not superficial nor temporary, but permanent and cornPoo
They are as mild as they are efficacious, and may be gisr
with confidence to delicate females and young children'

Births.
FRERE —On the 13th inst., at 4G, Bedford-square, the "
of Mr. Bartle J. L. Frore, of a son.
JAY—On the 13th inst., at 36, Dover-street, PiccadilUP tat,
wife of Harvey Jay, of Sherlock Hall, Langton, JO"
of a son.
SwAirm —On the 11th inst., at 13, Hyde-park-place, „p,
wife of L. W. Swain, Esq., Rifle Brigade, of "
stillborn.

Marriages.
BERRIDGE—DEAKINS On th 9 11th inst., at Christ CD
Folkestone, Richard James, youngest son of Isaac % -""t
ridge, Esq, of Somerton, Oxon, to Sarah 114—:c4/1
youngest and only surviving daughter of the late
Deakins, Esq., of London. , ,
.febt
TrronrE—JoNEs—On the 12th inst., at St. Peter's Cu.,-",d"
Pimlico, Thomas Thorpe, Esq., of Rye-common, to d
daughter of the late John Jones, Esq., of Hackney
Deaths.
ALLANBY —On the 11th inst., at Dearham Houset„,-- pro
port, Cumberland, Joseph S. Allanby, Esq., g.'"
of Melbourne House, Hampstead, aged 68.
IllAtln —On the 11th inst., at Hasketon Rectory
Maud, Esq., youngest son of the late T. Maud,
Burley Hall, in the county of York. , •JP"
Pr CKWoRTH On the 12th inst., at Sidcup, Kent,
Pickworth, aged 83. 041
RATTON —On the 11th inst., Joseph Batton, Es(1•1 °
Highbury-park, aged 62. ondi
SMITH—On the 12th inst., at 9, The Green, Eichin
Surrey, Robert Smith, Esq., solicitor, aged 70. $54.
Sicu—On the 12th inst., at Chiswick, Henry SW',
aged 82.

London : Printed and Published by WILLIAM AND° illy
of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TIM SUN °DIM 14° ty Of
Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the 0043
Alithllosox.--Saturday, Mardi 11, 1868.