The Sun.
London, England, 1850-08-30 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY

THE SCREW PROPELLER.
(raoM A CORNESP3NDTNT.)
It ilqS IY.k-II at de.ideraturn ever since that ingeni-
ous cootrivance, the screw propeller, was employed
in steam navigation to improve on the invention, by
discovering a mode of attaining the utmost degree
of velocity compatible with complete security. Se-
veral experiments were tried with various success,
and it ic. at last ascertained will certainty, that by
e::clusing the screw in a strong iron cylinder, open
at one end, and its semi-diainekr in length, the
object designed can be achieved in a manner the most
simple and efficacious. Water being incompressible,
it appears that the rapid rotation of the screw acts
with increased force on the portion contained in the
cylinder, creating a partial vacuum, and instantly
generating an external column in the resisting ele-
ment, on which is expended the entire power, with-
out any loss or waste arising from lateral divergence.
Should this cheap expedient be generally adopted,
and realise the anticipated results, the advantages
gained are ton valuable not to be justly appreciated.
Tile moving power will be attached to the firmest part
of the ship, and placed indirect line with the centre of
gravity—the screw, protected and concealed, will
supersede that enemy of all symmetry, the clumsy
paddle-box—additional speed will be acquired—that
tremulous vibration, which shakes the framework
of the vessel, and produces such unpleasant sensations,
will be quite obviated, while its sailing qualities will
be assisted and improwd. The plan is also admirably
adapted to canals, as the banks can sustain no injury
from an under current that causes neither agitation
nor disturbance. From these considerations, it is
clear that the subject is worthy of notice and deserves
public attention. L. G.

CHARING-CROSS BRIDGE COMPANY.
The annual meeting of proprietors of this company
was h.-1,1 yesierday. at the offices, 9, Vllliera-street,
Strand; Mr. Coles Child in the chair.
The SECRETARY read the report, which stated that
the tolls tor the half-year ending the 31st July lust
amounted to 3,1181. Its. 7d. (being 110/. 18s. 4d. less
than the receipts for the corresponding period of the
previous year); the rent and interest received to 239/.
13s. 31.; and there is a SUM of 871. 10s. due for the rent
of the company's wharf at Midsummer last. The balance
at credit of revenue is 2,149/. 145., but there are claims
against this account for interest, &c., to the extent of
about 000/., reducing the same to 1,249/. 145.; adding
to this 871. 10s., the amount due to the company for the
rent of the wharf, the bum available for dividend will be
1,3371. 14s.
The CHAIRMAN expressed surprise and regret at the
f.dling oil of Vie tolls, but angered well for the future
from the liberal policy of the South-Western Railway
directors in granting season tickets at reduced rates,
a course which must, he thought, encourage build-
ing to a coneiderable extent in the vicinity of the
line, and thus benefit the bridge company. It
also appeared that the directors availing them-
-elves of the balance of revenue left in their
hands by the proprietors declining a dividend at
(he meeting in February last, inenedietely liquidated the
unsatisfied claim of the Hungerford Market Company,
amounting to 5001., thereby saving the interest accruing
thereon, and closing all existing questions with that
company. The balance due to Mr. Chadwick for the
erec ion of the bridge and approaches having been certi-
fied to be 3,3961., this claim had been satisfied by the
issue of bonds of the company at five years' date, bearing
interest at the rate of 4i and 4 per cent. The London
and County Bank, Mr. Brunel, and Mr. Wood, to whom
severally the sums of 8,5001., 1,0004 and 500/, were
owing, have also accepted Coeds ter their respective d
e-
mande By a reduction in the charge fur gas supplied
to 'the bridge a further annual saving of at least 501.
will be effected; and the directors, having appealed/.
aeainst the assessments for rates and taxes in respect of
the bridge, anticipat:4 that the amounts of the assess-
ments will be raeaterially reuuced. The formation of
the proposed new street between the York anal Belvidere
reeds, referred to in the last report, has had the unceas
ing attention of the directors, and i:egetiations on the sub-
ject are still pending. Oa this point they have considered
it their duty to communicate with the directors ti the
South-Western Railway, in order, if possible, to secure
their co-operation in carrying out the project. Sug-
cestions hive also been under consider=ation for the era c-
tion of a steam- boat pier at the south tower of the
bridge, in which it ie proposed that, the railway, bridge,
and market compenies should be interested.
After V e ad.-peon of the rep et, it was moved by Mr.
TURNER and seconded by Mr. Few, that "Inasmuch as
the company have received from Messrs. Jackson and
others the sum of 10,000/., and, as admitted by the ac-
counts submitted to this meeting, are debtors to those
gentlemen in this amount, but have hitherto resisted re
payment thereof under the advice of counsel, arrange-
ments be made for the cessation of further litigation in
reference to such repayment, and for the settlement of
the demands of the parties claiming the said 10,000/. in
such manner as the directors may deem expedient, and
that the directors do take the necessary steps to give
effect to this resolution."
Atter a prolonged discussion the proposition was ne-
gatived, priecipally on the grbund that a special notice
ought to have been given befire so important a question
was gone into.
Tne CHAIRMAN moved—" That a dividend of 7s. 61
on each origteal share, and interest at the rate of 3 per
cent. per annum on the amount paid on each eighth
share in the company, be paid for the half-year ending
31st July."
This was carried.
The election of officers followed, and after the usual
complimentary votes the meeting disperset

THE SUBMARINE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.—DOVER,
THURSDAY. This afternoon his Grace the Duke of Wel-
lington visited the Submarine Electric Telegraph, that now
connects the 81 ores of England and France. The wires are
carried in temporarily at the terminus of the South-Eastern
Italway. In the absence of Mr. Reid, the telegraph engi-
neer, who superintended laying the wires across the Channel,
his foreman showed the Noble Duke the working of the in-
struments, and explained to him how the wires were insu-
lated, and the p,an adopted for laying them across. At the
Duke's request he also furnished him with a specimen of the
insulated wire. His Grace seemed highly pleased, and would
no dt übt appreciate this wonderful agency that could com-
municate in a second of time between this country and the
continent. The interest generally felt by the public on both
aides of the Channel on the completion of this triumph of
scientific skill will render the following brief description of
the communicating wire worthy of perusal. We are in-
debted to the Gutta Percha Company for the specimen from
which we are enabled to write. The wire is of copper, of the
size used for bell-banging ; and, in order to preserve it from
the action of the sea water, it is cased in solid gutta percha,
of the diameter of about half an inch The wire, therefore,
has a defensive coating of a quarter of an inch all round.
This combination of wire and gutta percha renders the cord
perfectly flexible and very strong, while, from the indestruc-
tible nature of the sheathing by the water, it will secure to
this telegraphic communication a permanency of many years,.
THE SoUTH AMFTON DOCK COMPANY.—The half-
yearly meeting of this company was held yesterday at the
offices, Bishopsgate- street Within, Mr. Thomas R. Davison
in the chair. The report stated that after paying the in-
terest on the mortgage debentures, the preference stock, &c.,
there was a small deficiency in the revenue account. The
contract for the Brazilian mail would come into operation in
the month of January next, giving to the revenue the ad-
vantage of the receipts from twelve additional steam-packets
per annum from that source alone. The receipts for the past
year had been 1.,1281, and the disbursements 10,4111. The
report was adopted, and some formal business transacted,
and, after a vote of thanks to the chairman, the meeting
separated.
THE SEA GIVING UP ITS DEAD.—Within the last
week the remains of some bodies have been washed ashore
near Margate, presumed to be those of passengers on board
the Royal Adelaide, the total loss of which vessel and of all
on board will be in the recollection of our readers.
A DANGEROUS PREDICAMENT.—About two o'clock
on Sunday morning last groans were heard issuing from a
ditch in the rear of the gasworks, Birkenhead. Some lads,
who happened to be strolling in that neighbourhood at the
time, immediately proceeded to the spot, and discovered an
old man completely sunk in the gas tar which flows from the
works. After some difficulty they succeeded in releasing
him from his perilous situation. On being taken to the in-
firmary he was promptly attended by three or four medical
men. His nostrils, eyes, ears, &c., were filled with the tar,
and. in order to cleanse him, six or seven gallons of oil were
used for that purpose. His clothes had to be cut from his
body. The unfortunate man had walked into the ditch
whilst in a state of intoxication.—Liverpool Courier.
Intellect is a mercenary who will light under any
banner, and never once stumbleS over moral scruples.—Eliza
Cook's Journal.
A Nlicaoscoric DIVIDEND.—In the matter of
Bowles, Ogden, and Wyndham, of Shaftesbury and Salis-
bury, bankers, who were bankrupts in 1810, a final dividend
of one-eighth part of a penny in the pound has been declared.
THEnt's Uar.—" I say, captain," said a little keen-
eyed man, as he landed from the steamer Potomac, at Nat-
chez. " I say, captain, these here arn't all. I have left
somethin' n board, that's a fact." " Thera's all the plunder
you brought on board, anyhow." " Well, see now, I grant
its OK accordin' to list—four boxes, three chests, two band-
boxes, a portmanty, two hams, one part cut, three ropes of
inyans, and a teakettle; but you see, captain, I'm duber-
some ; I feel there'a somethin' short. Though I've counted
um over nine times, and never took my eyes off Um while on
board, there's somethin' not right somehow " "Well, stranger,
time's up; them'a all I know on ; so just fetch your wife and
five children out ea the cabin, cos I'm off." •' Then's urn I
darn it, them's urn ! I know'd I had forgot somethin'."l

PAISLEY.—The manufacturing population here is
at present fully employed, and good weavers are still in de-
mand. This presents an agreeable contrast to the state of
matters at the corresponding period last year, and for many
preceding. We are glad to learn that the expenditure on
account of pauperism is lower at the present moment than it
was even prior to the great distress of 1842-3. Crimp has
of late months greatly decreased, so much so that at this date
the prisoners are one-fourth less than they were half•a-year
ago.—Glasgow Citizen.
The town, we are happy to say, is filling very fast.
Arrivals continue to pour in, and houses are in great demand.
—Brighton Gazette.
MELANCHOLY DEATH AT THE HOLDORN SWIMMING
BATAS.— On Wednesday evening a young man named Ro-
beits, 19 years of age, the son of a highly respectable
house-decorator, residing at 13, Cross-sire. t, Islington, en
tered the Holborn Swimming Baths for the purpose of bath-
ing:. Ile plunged into the water at the lower end of the
bath, which is about 70 feet i❑ length, at which time there
were about twenty persons swimming. On his rising to the
surface he swam towards the upper end, which he had just
reached, when he was seen to struggle for a few moments
by a Mr. Pratt, a d then disappear under the water. Mr.
Pratt instantly swam to his assistance, and by diving
brought the lody to the surface. The attendants immedi-
ately conveyed it to an adjuinii g room ; and Mr. Jones, a
surgeon of Portugal-street, and several other gentlemen were
promptly in attendance, life, how. ver, being quite extinct.
A brother of the deceased was a si ectator of the melancholy
occurrence.' The deceased laboured under disease of the
heart, which, in the opinion of the' medical gentlemen, was
the cause of death.

ROYAL PROGRESS to SCOTLAND.

NEWCASTLF, AUG. 29.—This morning at ten
o'clock, her Majesty took leave of Castle Howard,
and proceeded on her way nor hward. her depar-
ture was of the same sitnpfr, unoitentatious character
as her reception. The approach to the castle was
lined on either side by the school children on the estate,
the boys being arranged on one side and the girls on
the other. At an early hour in the morning they
assembled at the castle to breakfast, and afterwards
turned out to pay an affectionate tribute of loyalty to
their Queen. Their shrill hurrahs met with a gra-
cious acknowledgment from her Majesty. At Castle
Howard station everything was, of course, prepared
for the departure, and without any delay the train
was soon sweeping on its way at express speed. In
a short time York, with its splendid cathedral and its
castlelated walls, was reached. Here the royal party
were transferred to the care of the directors of the
Newcastle and Berwick Railway Company, the
special train being propelled by an engine of theirs
appropriately decorated for the occasion. A very
short stay at York sufficed to complete the prepara-
tions for moving northward, and the royal train was
soon in full progress towards the border. The line
from York to Newcastle passes along a fine open
tract of country, and abounds in noble prospects.
There are richer and more picturesque districts to be
met with in England along the course of our great

iron highways, but few leave upon the mind of the
traveller a more agreeable impression from the great
sweep which the eye commands, and the delightful
manner in which on either side the view is terminated
by ranges of low hills, looking cool and blue in the
distance. At present this tract of country is seen to
great advantage, crowned with harvest honours, and
gladdened by the beams of an autumnal sun. As
you p.tss along, evidences of the great coal-field-4,
which form the wealth of this district, present them-
selves, and in a less disagreeable manner than at first
sight might be imagined. Villages appear on either
hand, and tail chimneys, sending up dense columns
of smoke, but there are other objects of interest also..
On the left are seen the stately towers of Durham
Cathedral ; on the right, and situated on the very
summit of a hill, a monument to the late Earl of
Durham. The position and architecture of this
structure are both extremely fine, and viewed from
the railway it produces the best effect. Further
away a glimpse is caught of Lumley Castle, the
seat of the Earl of Scarborough. Passing these
objects in its rapid course, and crossing
the winding and picturesque banks of . the
%'Teir, the royal train, shortly after midday,
stoproached the smoke-begritnmed town of
Newcastle and the river Tyne with its coal associa-
tions.; The railway here runs at a high elevation,
and beneath is seen this busy depot of mineral wealth
looming through a murky cloud of vapour, and re-
minding one of the dismal entrance to a place which
the ancients politely called Hades. A descent into
Newcastle, thanks to our railway engineers, is no
longer so difficult as to call up recollections of Dante.
Time was when this was different, when crossing the
Tyne hardly struck the traveller as a less arduous
undertaking than crossing the Styx—so perilously
steep was the road on either side. The lofty iron
oridge which here spans the Tyne is a noble
work, and the manner in which it looks down
upon the puny structure by which until its erec-
tion the river was crossed, forcibly reminds one of
the progress in mechanical and engineering skill
which this country has made, and of the grandeur
of that system of internal communication which
this age will bequeath to those who come after it
as one of its noblest heirlooms. To the High Level-
bridge has now been added, at Newcastle, a work in,
terior certainly in grandeur, but not unworthy of
being placed so near it—l mean the Great Central
Station, which her Majesty formally opened to day.
This station is made up in breadth by three arches,
supported throughout on light iron pillars, the roof.
of open ironwork, well lighted, loftier than such struc-
tures usually are, and the whole building being un-
usually airy and graceful. The entire available space
within this splendid shedding was this morning occu-
pied by the inhabitants of Newcastle, who assembled
in great force to give their Sovereign a true north-
country welcome. The entrance to the station was
handsomely decorated with evergreens, and above
each archway were erected three emblematical bas-
reliefs in imitation of stone—the centre containing
the royal arms, that on the right being a full length
representation of her Majesty, surrounded by figures
symbolical of the different portions of the empire,
while on the left was a likeness of his Royal High-
ness Prince Albert, and the arts and sciences im-
personated around him. Outside the station
and along the line of railway an immense
conormrse of spectators had assembled, and
every corner was crowded with a highly respectable
assemblage. As the hour approached for the arrival
of the train the excitement rose to fever heat. At
last it came in sight, and slowly glided in amidst
deafening cheers and the waving of a perfect sea of
handkerchiefs and hats. Her Majesty and the Prince
repeatedly and most graciously acknowledged the
enthusiastic demonstrations of attachment which
greeted them.
Notwithstanding the immense concourse of people
present the utmost order and regularity prevailed in
the proceedings. A wide space on the platform was
kept clear for the ceremony of her Majesty's recep-
tion by a guard of honour, consisting of a detach-
ment of tne 33d Regiment of Foot, attended by the
regimental band, under the command of Captain
Mundy. There was also a company of the Queen's
Bays present, and a party of Horse Artillery at the
flee old castle on the south side of the station, to
tire the royal salute on her Majesty's arrival, and
again on her departure. The grounds outside the.
nation were admirably kept by the pensioners. As
hopes were at one time entertained that her Ma-
jesty would alight and partake of refreshments, pre-
parations were made by the directors for her recep-
tion ; the Royal party gratified them in their expec-
tation, and remainki, a short time in the two
handsome apartments prepared for their reception..
During their stay they were welcomed to Newcastle
by the chief magistrates of that town, and the ad-
joining one of Gateshead. The following is the ad-
dress presented by Mr. Joseph Crawhall, Mayor of
Newcastle

"To THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY.
" The bumble address of the Mayor, Aldermen, and
Burgesses of the borough of Newcastle-upon•Tyue.
" May it please your Majesty,—We, your Majesty's
dutiful and loyal subjects, the mayor, aldermen, and
burgesses of the borough of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, ap-
proach your Majesty with cordial and sincere sentiments
of loyalty and attachment to your Majesty's Crown and
person.
" We hail in your Majesty and your illustrious Con-
sort the enlightened promoters of the arts of peace, and
we feel that there can be no fitter occasion for the
expression of our attachment to your Majesty, and
our admiration of the virtues and qualities which adorn
your Majesty, and the high station which your Ma-
jesty worthily fills, than is afforded by the dedication
to the public of the magnificent works of your subjects
.vishin the walls of which your Majesty is this day
received.
" We pray that your Majesty may long reign over a
happy, prosperous, and united people.
" Given under our common seal this 29th day of August

1850."
The address presented by Mr. Hawks, the Mayor
of Gateshead, was framed in similar loyal terms, and
to both her Majesty made a very gracious reply.
Earl Grey, the lion. Mr. Grey, Mr. Hutt, M.P., Mr.
P. Howard, M.P., Mr. Matthew Bell, M.P., Sir
Walter Trevelyan, and a number of the neighbour-
ing gentry,. were on the platform during her Majesty's
stay, and joined in the hearty mani estations of at-
tachment with which the royal party were welcomed.
The whole reception at the new station was of the
most gratifying kind, and the coup d'wil which so
spacious and elegant a structure presented, filled with
an animated yet orderly throng, decorated with ban-
ner,' and evergreens, was as remarkable and beau-
tiful as probably this town has ever witnessed. The
arrival of the royal train took place at twenty
minutes before one o'clock, and some idea of the
cheering may be formed from the fact that within the
station alone there were more than 5,000 people as-
sembled, all of whom shouted and hurried as loud as
they could.
Great credit is due to Captain O'Brien for the
manner in which the arrangements at the station
were carried out.—Times.

HER MAJESTY'S VISIT TO NEWCASTLE,
OPENING OF THE GRAND CENTRAL STATION
AT NEWCASTLE AND THE VIADUCT AT BER-
WICK-UPON-TWEED.
(FROM OUR OWN REPORTER.)
NEWCASTLE-UPON-TT NE, THURSDAY, AUG. 29.

This has been a proud, and will long be a memor-
able
ancientdaya
nto d thei3op
upeoplepopulous
ofto w
n" ciasn neyn
dNe
aerwi
ncgalsyt et
maeadt hbiys
its inhabitants. Just twelve months ago her Majesty
first visited the town, and graciously deigned to
sanction with her royal presence and favour the com-
pletion of the famous high-level bridge, one of the
marvels of our age and country, which will attest to
future generations the enterprising genius and spirit
of the time and locality from which it emanated ; and
to-day again our beloved Sovereign, in one of her
royal progresses, has halted for a brief interval to
witness the dedication to public use of the Grand
Central Station at Newcastle, another link in that
wrest chain of rail vvay communication which connects
the tnetroFolises of England aod of Scotland.
Until recently there had been a great and inconve•
nient break in the line of railway from London to
Edinburgh at Newcastle, by reason of the obstacle
which the river Tyne at this place threw in the way
of the communication. That obstacle was at length
surmounted, at an immense outlay of money, by
means of the high, level bridge to which reference has