The Sun.
London, England, 1850-12-12 00:00:00

ITALY.

letter from Bologna, of the 30th ult., states that
the theatrical agent Tinti had been ordered to quit
t'ttAt city in 24 hours. This measure was not adopted
from any political motive, but was ascribed to the
malicz4 arid envy of some rivals. The director of the
theatre had cut his throat with a penknife. Lie is the
fourth member of his family who has thus put an end
to his existence. On the 20th a carriage containing
several per4.ois was attlcked and robbed by eighteen
ar:rol han,htti, near Faenza. Five individuals, con,
virrHt of highway robbery, at Minarbio, were to have
ht.:lllsbOt at Bologna on the 30th, but the execution
s ttsoenf

The Risorgimento of the 6'h inst. eontaini the fol-
lo,ving, umier date -Rome, 30th ult.
. _

-E. been t.saurrtl that Lord Mint() has written a

r to a high persnnago here respecting tile Catholic
hit r.lreby in England, with a recemmend &en that it be
,teal to the Gain of Rome. I am intermed that
a Toad t) M. de Rayneva!, the French -Minister,
wh the reoit Z 39,101111 vnd efficious friend of the Va-
tiJao, will make it known to his Holiness. It in said that
Lord into describes the embarras.sment in which the Go-
vernment her firitunnic Maj.T•sty is placed, and ascribes
to the want of prudes ca with which the bull, erecting
VeT, rin to d ,sa, h beet' published. the painful
cousectiewns the 1-Z:itnau Catholics have to undergo,
sh th,? present Ministry not b) abl, to protect them
and treitt them with the impartikli!y which characterises
the pelicy (4' Lord J.tha Russell. Lord ;Tinto, it appears,
concludes by expressing a hope that the Pope wilt adopt
flume measure calculated to remedy the evil and calm
the gvnerid effervescence of the country."

comfutirkie.
it h.. 21 brcr

C CY .
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Sin,—Many theoretical writers on currency hold
that " there is no gmeral effect on trade or commerce
by increasing the quantity of the currency and lower-
ing the standard, or by the contrary, except the effect
upon what may be called 'old debtors and creditors."
They overlook the fact that every member of the
community, in reference to existing obligations, is
either a debtor or a creditor; but restricting the ex-
ception to the narrow limit intended, viz., to those
who owe, or are owed money (and these, too, simply
to the extent of such obligations), it may easily be
shown that the opinion is erroneous.
If, as they say, increasing or decreasing the circu-
lating medium has no effect on trade or commerce—
or, in other words, neither increasing nor decreasing
the demand for labour—then, the total Withdrawal of
the medium of exchange—of all currency—would
have no effect on trade or commerce, or in the em-
ployment of labour. Will they go this length ? 1 f
so, further argument is useless ; if not, then is the
opinion advanced not their opinion.
The grand element in the supply of human wants,
and in the production of riches, is labour. It creates
and re-creates. No limit to its employment is to be
found the bounds of imagination. The more
labour accomplishes, the more its otjt,cts are multi-
plied. As with learning, which opens new fields of
knowledge at every step, so with labour; its applica-
tion does hit widen its fi-id of action.

Man having passed from the natural to the social
an.l having subjected himself to laws which
reject barter, and direct to some extent the em-
ployment of labour, while they secure the posses-
sion of property ; finds a medium of ex-
change between labour and property indis-
pensable. While this medium is suited to
the, obligations of society, employment is found fur
all. Expand its amount simultaneously with the in-
creasing interchanges, and the incentives to industry
are increased ; the inventive faculties stimulated, and
the mind becoming disenthralled, seeks to connect
oceans and continents, and through the civilization of
all mankind, to establish universal brotherhood. The
capitalist and labourer alike rejoice in the general
prosperity.
On the other hand, reduce the circulating medians
below the amount on which society has founded its
calculations, or below the amount required by exist-
ing obligations, and how is the scene changed ! Re-
duce it still further, and the want of employment
becomes universal. Then the capitalist and the
labourer, although unequally affected, equally join in
lamentation.

These Cots cannot be denied. They are written on
every page of history. Evidence of their truth
Comes trumpet-tongued in every recollection of the
last thirty years. Every instance within that period
of the want of employment ; every instance within
that period of prosperity, is directly traceable to inef-
ficiency or sufficiency of the medium of exchange be-
tween labour and proi;erty.
LIII legislators learn these great truths, and tct
upon them, labour will be periodically exposed to
starvation, and riches to plunder; until, finally,
labour, seeking its birthright and ignorant of the
source of its oppression, will rise in its might, and
scatter all existing institutions to the wifids,
to re•-construct society on a plan better calculated to
ensure its reward. When this time comes (as it
surely will, provided the m,Jietary policy of this ge-
neration be continued), the only safeguard against
continuous anarchy, must be looked for in the in-
creased education and intelligence of the people.

Your very obeCfient. servant,
SAMUEL A. GODDARD.
Birmingham, Dec. 2, 1850.

LAW INTELLIGENCE.
COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH, Dec. 11.
(Sittings at Nisi Yrius, at Guildhall, befora Lord
CAMPBELL Vlld a Cotnnym Jury.)
COWES V. CASIDIAN.

This was an action for a slander, alleged to be spoken
of the plaintiff by the defendant, imputing that she was
unchaste. The plaintiff, Elizabeth Cowes, is a young
unwearied woman, who had held the situation of bar-
maid ut the Grapes Tavern, in Blackman-street,
Borough, and at the Cock and Magpie, in Worship-
street; and the defendant, Patrick Cashman, keeps a
public-house in Horton.
Mr. Parry and Mr. Metcalfe were counsel for the
plaintt+T, and Mr. E. James, Q.C., represented the de-
fendant.
William Fitzgerald, a police-constable—l am a sum-
moning officer at the Worship-street Police-court. I
know Elizabeth Cowes, the plaintiff. She was barmaid
at the Cock and Magpie, Worship-street, kept by a
person named Collins. I also know the defendant,
Patrick Cashman. I believe he keep; the White Hart
at Hoxton Old Town. In July last I went with cash-
man to tho Cock and Magpie. I saw the plaintiff, the
barmaid there; she was then acting as barmaid. The
defendant and I went there to have refresh-
ment. The defendant asked the plaintiff how she
did, and shook hands with her. Wo then had our
refreshment and left the house. On the following Sun-
day I went to the defendant's house at his request to
tea. I saw the defendant there. In the course of con-
versation he asked me if I recollected going into the
Cock and Magpie with him. I said I dhl. He then
stAted that the girl he shook hands with had had a
child by a policeman named Guest. I said, '• Indeed."
E.„sid "On yes; Murray knows all about it," meaning
one of the warrant officers of the N division. That was
all that paned between us on that subject. I repeated
this to the girl's master and mistress.
Crosta.examined by Mr. JAMES—It was about the 10th
July, 1350, that I had this conversation with the de-
fendant; and I told the girls master and mistress on the
following day of her having had a child.
Mr. Henry Collins—l keep the Cock and Magpie,
near Worship-street Police-office. Elizabeth Cowes was
a barmaid in my service in August and September last.
In consequence of what I had heard from Fitz-
gerald, I went with Mr. Murray and Guest to
are the defendant. Murray offered to shako hands
avid, Cashmaa, and said to him, " What have you beensaying about me?' Cashman said, "Well, I heard it."
Guest said, You ought to be ashamed of yourself to
bring me into this mattr." Cashman said, " I heard it
at the bar." I had previously spoken to Cashman ',bout
w •%_ (Nyttara%Fi:zge ra 1 d bad told me; and Murray and Guest
" b: en spoken to by rry wife and ateplaintiff.
• --T.-7 atii.:s.t also said to Cashman, he should give him a good
hiding, for making such an assertion. Murray de-
nied having told Cashman. Cashman said he had
heard somebody make the statement at the
bar, but ho could not tell who it was. I

-

-.k Z. a 8

remember Mr. W. Hill visiting the barmaid (the plain-
tiff) at my house. She is about 22 or 23 years of age.
Hill and the plaintiff appeared to be keeping company,
and Hill had told M 3 that he intended to marry her. In
consequence of this slander she gave notice to leave my
service. She appeared to he very much distressed and
low-spirited about it.
Wm. Guest—l am a police-constable. I know the
plaintiff. It is certainly not true that she has been the
mother of a child, and that I have been its father. I
don't know that she has had a child. I have never had
any improper intercourse with her.
Cross-examined—Before she went to the Cock and
Magpie she was barmaid at the Grapes public-house in
Blackman-street. I knew her there. I have never in
my life taken her out.
Re-examined—The plaintiff was to my knowledge a
well-condueted young woman when she lived at the
Grapes.
Mr. Joseph Morey deposed that he had kept the
Grapes public-house, Blackman-street, Borough, and that
the plaintiff had lived in his home almost from her child-
hood, with the exception of the time when she lived at the
Cock and Magpie. Witness remembered the defendant
calling on him on one occasion and saying he had got
into a scrape; he said he had an action pending
against him for saying that Elizabeth Cowes had had a
child. Witness asked why he had said so if it was not
true? He said, from hearing it from other parties, but
did not give witness his author. He said he had offered
501. to settle the matter. Witness advised him to do so.
The defendant said the plaintiff had refused to take it.
During the time witness bad known the plaintiff she had
always borne a respectable character.
Wm. Hill—l am clerk to a Mr. Roberts, an attorney.
I know the plaintiff. I have known her about six years.
I made a proposal of marriage to her about 18 months
ago. That was accepted by her father. Her mother is
dead. The landlord and landlady of the Ccck and Mag-
pie knew that I was engaged to be married to the plain-
tiff. We had intended first to have been married in
August !alt. In July last I heard that she bad had a
child. In consequence of this, I told her I should not
marry her until it was perfectly clear to my satisfaction
that that statement was untrue; and our marriage was
broken of in August last. She left the " Grapes " be-
cause she bad beau cut at a ball with me. Her brother
ifii(l sister were with her at the same ball.

Mr. E. JAMES addressed the jury for the defendant,
denying that the plaintiff had utterly lost her chance of
being married to the witness, William Hill, her former
snit )r; and that being so, he contended she had not
stutained any "special damage," which was necessary
to the maintenance of an action like this.
Lord CAMPBELL summed up, and
The jury found a verdict for the plaintiff—Damagcs,
50/.

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING,

ilentical goods mentioned in these invoices, and so
claimed for by the prisoner Smith as goods received
since the insurance was effected, and as part of the
•
property destroyed.
Thomas Grey, sub-manager of the Royal Assurance
Company, Liverpool, proved that on the 14th of May
he received an order for the insurance from Smith,
and a policy was effected in consequence. The policy
was called for by the prosecution, but Mr. James ob-
jected that Mr. Dean, in whose possession it was,
and whose clerk was called to prole that he had acted,
and was acting, as attorney for the prisoner Smith in
this matter, was not bound to produce it.
Mr. Buns cross-examined Mr. Dean's clerk, and
elicited from him that Smith had said to him in Cas-
son's presence that he was insured in the Royal As-
surance Company.
Mr. Grey then proved further that Smith called
after the fire to make his claim, accompanied by Mr.
Dean's clerk, and requested to know in what manner
the claim must be made, and what proofs were neces-
sary. In answer to the information given by witness,
Smith said all his books and papers were burnt, except
two ledgers. He also said that his stock, &c., was
worth 1,600?. Smith called again on the 26th of
July, accompanied by Casson, the latter of whom
produced a paper, and said, " AVe have come to deposit
the declaration." Upon this occasion the claim of
8701. was made by Smith, and he was told that the
matter would be put into the hands of some respect-
able persons to inquire into it. Messrs. Smith and
and Thoruley were appointed accordingly for the
purpose.
The declaratioh was then put in, and partly read.

• .
James Marshall, sergeant.of police, proved the fact
of the fire having occurred at about half- past ten
o'clock on the night of the 13th of July.: It was about
half-an-hour before the fire was extinguished. Casson
came up during the progress of the fire, and informed
him that it was the shop of George Smith, and that he
was his foreman.

James Weir, commander of the salvage corps, was
called to prove taking possession of the premises and
putting his men into them, who remained there until
the 27th of August. He described the state of the
premises after the fire more particularly, from which
if appeared that the damage was almost entirely con-
fined to the shop. From the examination he made of
the cloth, he did not think any pieces had been wholly
consumed.

Samuel Thornely, tailor and draper, proved that he,
along with Mr. George Smith, investigated the claim
of the prisoner Smith on the assurance company.
They saw him on the matter, and he produced two
books, and some invoices were subsequently given to
them. Two were produced; one for goods bought of
Richard Lewis, amounting to 311. 155. 5r1., dated the
27th of May; the other dated the 29th of May, amount-
ing to 271. 7s. The witness, Mr. George Smith, and
a Mr. Roberts subsequently went to Scotland-road,
and valued the Stock. They found they could ascer-
tain of what length most of the pieces bad been, the
ends having been left, however much they had been
burnt, and they were also able to ascertain the qua-
which was generally of an inferior kind. The
estimate they male amounted to 961. Mi. 6d., which
he believed to b 2 a full estimate of what he was able
to value.

Edward Roberts, accountant, entered the quantities
and value in a book as they were valued by Messrs.
Thornely and Smith.
On cross-examination by Mr. JAMES, this witness
said there were a good mGny pieces so damaged that
they could not be measured at all.
It appeared, however, on re-examination by Mr.
BLISS, that they had, nevertheless, been entered in
the vaivation for what they were worth.
George Smith, tailor and draper, who acted with
Mr. Thornely, corroborated his evidence as to the
valuation. He appeared, however, to have thought,
oe first seeing the stock, and before measuring it, that
it might have been worth from 3001. to 4001. This
was, however, before making any examination as to
quality.
William Pitt Dixon, woollen-merchant, Manches-
ter, had supplied goods to the prisoner Smith, and
frequently received letters from him. He saw Smith
in April last in Liverpool respecting an arrangement
with his creditors to discharge his liabilities in full
by instalments. This arrangement was carried out,
and bil!s given, of which the witness identified one.
Smith told him that a valuation of the stock had been
made, and an account taken of his debts, and that he
could pay every one in full if time were given.
James Taylor, agent for Messrs. Dixon in March
last, proved that in the course of that month, in con-
sequence of instructions from those gentlemen, he
made examination into Smith's affairs, and found that
the debts due to him amounted to 2241. 10s. 2d., and
that he owed 2491. 7s. 4d. The value of his stock in
trade was 1371. 13s. 2d., fixtures 401., cash in hand 31.;
altogether making a balance in his favour of 150.. Ile
toll Smith that he made these inquiries for the satis-
faction of his creditors, and that he should transmit
the statement to Messrs. Dixon, which he did. He
made his calculation at the lowest value he thought the
articles wculd fetch. He had examined the salvage,
and identified the quality and pattern of many of the
articles as being similar to those he valued. He was
not prepared to say that there were or were not any
new articles in the salvage that were not in the stock
at the time he valued it. He then asked Smith if
that was the whole of his stock, and he said it was.
The shelves in his shop were not filled up by a very
great deal. The prisoner saw him put down the items,
and made not the least objection to any of them.
On cross-examination this witness said, that at the
time he took stock it appeared to be much leas than
it ordinarily was.
The prosecution, when our reporter left, was pro-
ceeding to that part of the case which involved the
prisoners in the charge of removing goods previous to
the fire, which they afterwards included in their claim
against the assurance company, and the trial would
probably be protracted to a late hour.
It being evident that Sirrell's case could not be
taken to-day, Mr. Justice Talfourd fixed it for the
first case in the morning, after which the trial of
Blackhurst, the attorney of Preston, for forging a
codicil to his late wife's will, will be taken.
Mr. Baron Alderson was engaged during the day
in trying a number of cases, which did not call for a
particular report.

ously examined, and would be furt her confirmed by
an admission which fell from Poole • vhen he was taken
into custody.
Thomas Mitchell, the accompli, e a who was exa-
mined in the previous cases, depose, I that when Gar-
rett was foreman at the West-quay : S ugar-mill, seven
or eight years ago, and was on duty. at the loop-hole,
Samuel Poole arrived with his cart f.c:r a load of sugar
or pepper—he had forgotten which. Garrett helped
the men to lower the bags into Poole's cart, and when
there were only about three bags tr deliver, he or-
dered off the hands to some other Job, and they all
went away except witness and Gan nett. Then Gar-
rett dropped the bag of Singapore p epper into Poole's
cart, along with the three remainir g bags of sugar.
Maynard met Poole outside, and pu t the bag of pepper
into his cart. This was all arrange a previously,when
witness and Garrett met Mayne) 'd and Poole at
Whitechapel Church. The same n ight they were to
meet again at the church, but M nynard and Poole
kept away. Witness and Garrett waited for them
three hours, and then Garrett said i f; was a sell. Next
morning they went to Maynard's h owe, and ho told
them that he gave the bag of peppe to a man named
Peacock, thinking he would get a better price for it.
Garrett said, " You have served u a out nicely about
this here bag, but you shall never h sive DO more from
me." Maynard replied that it was not his fault, but
Peacock had an accident with it. Witness and Gar-
rett never got the money for that b ag. Peacock was
a man who lived like Maynard, and loitered about the
docks for jobs.
Cross-examined—Maynard, and several men like
him, were well known in the d kicks. Whenever
Maynard came in it was known wl at was going on,
and the men that were not in the se met were sent out
of the way. Several of the foremr ea besides Garrett
knew Maynard very well, and they must have known
what he came for. There was a ma a named Harman,
one named Pendennis, and many men whose names
he could not then remember. They *knew all about it.
Witness did not know whether he considered it
smuggling or thieving, or whether they were robbing
the merchants or the public reverie a.. He should say
they were robbing both. Witness ihad seen Maynard
at the south-quay also. (The nam Ais of several of the
foremen and superintendents in the docks, said to
have been cognizant of these proceedings, were men-
tioned by the witness, but it is rigl it to withhold them
in the present stage of the invest 4 ration.) The pre-
sence of Maynard was a signal fi ar the cheating to
begin.
Maynard, another accomplice, confirmed the evi-
dence of Mitchell in every materi it point. lie took
the bag of Singapore pepper from P toole's cart, arid put
it on to Peacock's cart, thinking t That Peacock could
get a better price for it ; but he : afterwards said he
had had an accident with the bag, a.nd they never saw
sight of it again, or had any money for it.
Cross-examined--I have been in. prison once, and
twice in custody. I was charg ed with felony at
Worship-street, but was acquitted it the trial. The,
second time I was charged with ste ;sling some quick-
silver, but the magistrate dismissed the case. When
I was a lad of fifteen I think I was taken before Mr.
Henry, at the Lambeth Police-crisirt, for stealing
some coffee at a grocer's, but he (ILicharged me. I
am now in the service of Mr. Thoraces Rudd, a town
carman.

James Shaw, inspector of the Thames police, stated
that on taking Poole into custody on Saturday night,
the 30th ult., and telling him the nature of the charge,
he said, " Oh, that's eight years ago. Garrett dropped
a bag of pepper into my waggon, and Maynard took
it away. I never received a farthing for it."
Mr. Robert Chapman, an inspector-general of the
water-side department cf the Customs, was examined
to show that the pepper from any quarter or of any
kind could not leave the docks in the ordinary
way without paying duty. When a ship arrived
her cargo was either cleared off at once, and the whole
amount of duty upon it paid by the consignee, or it
was put away in bond ; that was warehoused, and
delivered out in quantities, or at intervals, according
to the convenience of the person or persons who
might have purchased the cargo. In the latter case
duty was paid only upon the quantities delivered, and
at the time of the delivery, a certificate of the pay-
ment being necessary, as well as the dock warrant
(which was an instrument of purchase), before the
delivery could take place. On the production of these
documents to the warehouseman, he would have
authority to deliver the quantity ordered; and this
was the duty upon which Garrett -was engaged at the
west quay. Usually the dock warrant would be
presented by the owner or his representative, and then
his carman would be sent round to wait his turn at
the loophole, where the goods would be delivered. If,
by any previous understanding between the delivery-
foreman and the carman, a bag of pepper, sugar,
coffee, or anything else not included in the dock war-
rant, was lowered into the waggon, it would be ob-
vious that no duty could hare been ever paid upon
that bag, which must have been abstracted surrepti-
tiously from the stores in bond.
Mr. HENRY—Are there no entries made, or books
kept, by which the non-payment of duty can be shown ?
Witness—Two kinds of entries are made in the books
—a duty-paid entry, and a warehouse entry. The
first is a record of the payment of the whole duty
upon a cargo at once, when it is cleared off, and the
other relates to the payments made ati intervals
upon the quantities delivered from the stores in bond.
Igo duty is paid until the delivery takes place ; and,
as their is no limit to the period during which a
ship's cargo, or any portion of it, may remain in
bond, the payment of duty thereupon is also in-
definite.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.
MANSION-HOUSE.

Mr. Wontner—Then, in point of fact, the Customs
have not been defrauded of their revenue, because the
duty was not due upon the stores in bond ? Wit-
ness—lf any of the stores have left the docks surrep-
titiously, it is clear that there has been an evasion of
the duty.
Mr. HENRY—But have you no means of ascer-
taining whether goods have been abstracted from the
warehouse stores ? Witness--On the arrival of a
ship, its cargo is examined, weighed, and removed to
a warehouse, and there kept under the locks of the
Crown and the Dock Company. The usual account
is kept of the quantity stored and delivered. Occa-
sionally the Crown will take stock, but even then
they must be at the mercy cf the dock servants, if
there is a conspiracy among them to deceive the
examiners.

Mr. Wontner—ln short, then, the Custom-house
officers are not sharp enough for the dock
labourers ? Witness—The plan pursued would be
this :—Supposing 10 bags of pepper have been ab•
stracted from the letter A warehouse ; before the
Custom-house officers arrived to examine the stores,
the labourers would take care to have the deficient
number supplied by 10 bags from letter B.
Mr. Wcntner—But surely this would be discovered
when the officers came to the letter B warehouse ?
Witness—Not so ; btehceaulse before
o,
ha ;;;would
the officers
broughtoflirces
after all, the amount
ibcockirroa.uglnvadionntoftrnolemert_tleerlittlue3tr,
g-A-urpolagu,ghter.)
of deficiency is discovered, are not the Dock Company
responsible for it ? Witness—The Commissioners of
Customs would, no doubt, have their remedy in
that case. _

William Poulter was brought before Alderman
Gibbs for final examination upon charges of having
obtained money under pretence that his mother, at
whose death he will become entitled to considerable
property, had died.
Mr. H. Hammond, of Farnival's Inn, said—ln
October, 1848, the prisoner sent a letter to me re-
que,ing that I would call upon him at Whitecross-street
Prison. lat first declined to call upon him, but, know-
ing the bea.ror of the letter, I went at his request to the
place. I had several interviews with him, at all of
which he told me he was entitled to very large re-
versionary interest under a will. He afterwards com-
municated to me that his mother was dead, and stated
that as he was not able to go himself to take possession
of some trinkets belonging to the old lady, ha wished
to send a person to her house, stating at the same
time that she had been a good old mother, and that
she had died at a good old age. I advanced to him
money for the purpose, but have since discovered that
his mother is alive.

Mr. llENnr—ln fact, the evil is an unavoidable re-
sult of the bonding system, I suppose ? Witness—
It is, your Worship. Some of the stores in bond
have been there forand if you were to see
themillionsofpiles2a7 years ;
and
dchests
of bonded goods, you
would not wonder at the difficulty of keeping a per-
fect watch and control over the warehouse stores. If
1,000 bags are taken away, and the duty is paid upon
1,000, we have no means of ascertaining whether any
transfers may have been made to meet the order.
Poole said, in his defence—l went after a load of
pepper. Garrett dropped the extra bag into my wag-
gon, and Maynard afterwards took it off my waggon
on to his own. It was the first time that I took a bag
out for any of them. Maynard took the bag as I was
going along the Minories, and I never saw it again,
and never had no money for it. I was not associated
with them. I was 29 years in Mr. Bailey's service,
up to his death, and can have a good character.
Mr. Wontner addressed the Court for Garrett, but
Mr. HENRY said it was a proper case for the consi-
deration of a jury, and committed both
.the prisoners
for trial at the Old Bailey.
The prisoners Garrett and Timothy Stratford were
also committed upon the charges preferred against
them at the previous examination, on Saturday last.
The prisoners Shaw, Badcock, Gardiner, Buncher,
Clinton, Mary Buncher, and Mary Charuneau, were
brought up and fully committed for trial, for the rob-
bery of jewellery and plate at the shop of Messrs
Williams and Clapham, West Strand.

Mr. F. IL Wood, who appeared for the prisoner,
said he could prove satisfactorily that his client would
not only be entitled to a large amount of property at
his mother's death, but that he had been led to be-
lieve from several reports that his mother was dead.
The prisoner was committed for trial.
The LORD MAYOR requested that the press would
acknowledge his receipt of 10 guineas from the Dra-
pers' Company for the poor-box.
GUILDHALL.
Yesterday John Spencer Francis was placed at the
bar before Mr. Alderman Finnis, charged with em-
bezzling various sums, the moneys of Mr. Woolmar,
warehouseman, of Aldersgate-street, his employer.
The prisoner, who stated, through his solicitor,
that he would reserve his defence, was committed for
trial.

Mr. Alderman HUMPHBRY begged to acknow-
ledge the receipt of ss. in postage-stamps, to be ap-
plied for the benefit of the poor girl Jane IVillbred,
at present in the Royal Free Hospital, and whose de-
plorable case appeared in the journals of Monday
last, from " G. A. H.," Essex.

LAMBETH.
Joseph Jourdan, a constable belonging to the L
division of police, No. 88, attended before Mr. Elliott,
charged with following about in his uniform dress a
suspected person named Brown, alias Winterflood,
alias the Doctor.

Mr. Wontner, on whose application on a former
day the defendant was requested to appear, attended
on behalf of the complainant ; and Mr. Games ap-
peared for the constable.
➢lr. Wontner said the charge be had to prefer
against the defendant was one of violation of duty;
and it would be fur his Worship to decide whether
the police were to be converted into instruments of
individual oppression, and not a force, as originally
intended, for the protection of life and property.
Brown, the complainant, happened unfortu-
nately, ten or twelve years ago, to get into some
difficulty which brought him under the notice of
the police, and after this he took a beer-shop in
the Blackfriars-road. Here, on account of the low-
ness of the locality, his house used to be fre-
quented by persons of bad character, and was conse-
quently frequently visited by the police. Mr. Wont-
ner was authorised to say that on all these occasions
he afforded the constables the greatest assistance in
his power, and always protected them from insult.
At this place, however, several informations were laid

against him for harbouring bad characters, and he
made up his mind to leave the house, and to live in
retirement. On leaving the Blackfriars-road, Brown
took a small cottage in the immediate vicinity of this
court, but ho had not been many days in the locality,
when two constables were appointed, the one to
watch his residence, and the other to accompany him
wherever be went. The consequence was, that when
it became known that a constable accompanied him,
crowds of some hundreds of persons used to assemble
at the end of the court leading to his house every
morning to see him go out, and as soon as he made his
appearance, used to abuse and jeer him. Mr. Wontner
would call the complainant into the box, and he would
inform his Worship that the defendant bad been follow-
ing him about for the last seven weeks ; that whenever
he called at a public-house to take refreshment, the
constable stopped at the door and informed the land-
lord of his character. The complainant would also
inform his Worship that the object of the police was
to get him out of the neighbourhood, for they de-
clared they should continue to follow him until he
left their division, and Mr. Wontner therefore con-
tended that this amounted to a conspiracy on the part
of the police to drive him from his dwelling, an act
which was most improper. The complainant was
most anxious to make an honest living, but the police
by their extraordinary conduct would put it out of his
power. Mr. Wontner, in conclusion, designated the
conduct of the police as a gross act of persecution,
which no Englishman should submit to; and ex-
pressed a hope that his Worship would view the con-
duct of the defendant as a gross violation of duty on
the part of the police, and by his decision put an end
to a practice which, if tolerated, would lead to a
gross violation of the liberty of the subject.
Brown, who is a thick-set powerful-looking York-
shireman, was sworn, and confirmed the statement of
his counsel as to the fact of the defendant following
him about for seven weeks.

In his cross-examination by Mr. Games,. the
witness admitted that he went by the name of
Winterflood as well as Brown, and that the cottage
in which he lived was taken for him in that name by
a person named Thompson. The misfortune that
befel him ten or eleven years ago, as mentioned by
his counsel, was one of having been given into custody
by a man for robbing him. For that offence he was
tried, found guilty, and sentenced to one year's
imprisonment. On another occasion he had been
taken into custody at the Epsom races, and committed
to prison for three months. He had also been in
custody a short time since on a charge of holding a
person at his house while another beat and robbed
him of 50/ , but was discharged. At present, and since
he left the beer-shop, he made a living by lending
out money in small sums to dealers, and collected
his profits weekly. Did not let the defendant see him
collect any of his profits.
This was the case on the part of the complainant.
Lir. Games, in reply said he bad here a few obser-
vations to make on the part of the defendant, who
acted merely on orders given him by his superin-
tendent—orders which he could not refuse to comply
with, and the offence (if any) was on the part of the
superintendent. He then called into the witness-
box Inspector Cowlin, who deposed that the defendant
was acting on the instructions given to him by Mr.
Evans, his superintendent ; and Sergeants Goff,
Berry, and Barker, and Police-constable Combes, all
of whom deposed that they had known Brown to be
the constant associate of notorious thieves ; that he
had been for the last eleven or twelve years a sus-
pected character, and that it was the decided opinion
of two of the witnesses that he (Brown) was now get-
ting a living by dishonest means, in receiving stolen
property. One of the witnesses said he saw Brown on
Monday night in company with Black Jack, a noto-
rious thief.

Mr. ELLIOTT remarked that the circumstances of
the case were quite novel to him, and said that as the
question involved was one of considerable importance,
and as he wished to have before him the legal autho-
rity to justify the superintendent in giving such in-
structions to the defendant before giving his decision,
he should postpone the case until Tuesday next. In
the interim he suggested that, unless there were any
positive directions to the contrary, the constable should
be withdrawn, and Brown permitted to go alone.