The Sun.
London, England, 1868-09-21 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVErviNd, SEPTEMBER 21, 1868.

ROMAN AFFAIRS.

(From the Correspondent of the Westminster Gazette.)
ROME, Sept. 11.
The political situation of Italy grows more
and more menacing every day, and the Go-
vernment of Victor Emmanuel seems very
near its last gasp. These matters have a two-
fold call on our attention—first, as an evidence
of the escape Rome has had from being drawn
into the vortex of revolution, the peaceful and
contented condition of her population afford-
ing a remarkable contrast to the excitement
and distress which prevails all around her ;
and also because, as soon as the party of action
has succeeded in disposing of the feeble rem-
nants of ascendancy still in the hands of the
Florence Government—il Permanente, as it is
called in derision, for clinging to office after
losing all popular confidence—their first move
will undoubtedly be an attack on our borders.
Letters from all parts of the Peninsula mention
the contumelious terms in which all in autho-
rity are openly spoken of, and the most violent
repressive measures are powerless to allay the
evil. The more arrests are made, the more
determined and dangerous grows the opposi-
tion. " The political effervescence of the Hall
of the Five Hundred," says a letter from
Florence, " has descended into the public
places of resort, the cafés, and the streets,
which all resound with recriminations against

the King, the Ministers, and the Piedmontese
generally. The parties by which Italy has been
so long distracted are now distracted among
themselves, bandying words to-day in prepa-
ration for flying at each other's throats to-
morrow. Here are some of the most familiar
accusations one hears uttered around, shorn
of their most opprobrious epithets
" The Italian railways have been sold by
that --- La Marmora to Rothschild.'
" The possessions of the Princes of Italy
have been swamped by Ricasoli and Sella.'
" The funds of the State have been em-
bezzled by Napoleon's creature, Rattazzi.'
" The possessions of the Church, which are
the possessions of the nation, have disappeared
under the gripe of Menabyea and Cambray-
Digny, as under the gripe of a highwayman.'
" An hundred millions of the public funds
have been sold by Cambray-Digny to Roths-
child for 50,000,000, to get money to pay the
Coupons. If the capitalist had refused, Italy
would have been bankrupt. This is the second
time the Jew has saved her credit. Will he
do it a third time ?'
" There is, however, one important matter
which threatens to break up the Democratic
party more fatally than all the rest. One sec-
tion is so bent on carrying through a revolu-
tion at any price, that it proposes to confiscate
for this purpose the money of the benefit socie-
ties ; another section retains prudence enough
to foresee that such a measure would effectually
alienate the working classes, on whom they
have to count for any chance of success in
such a revolution. , .
The partisans of the present Government
profess, of course, to entertain no apprehension
of the influence of the Democratic party ; but
they proclaim their indifference with so loud
a -voice that it betrays their fears. Such
tactics are always the refuge of the weak, from
the schoolboy to the Prime Minister.
The Holy See, on the other hand, preferring
the honest acknowledgment of existing danger
to a system of meaningless boasts, is girding
itself without disguise for the struggle which
seems imminent. The troops at its command
have been distributed with consummate skill
at a number of stations along the frontier, and
a system of communication established which
will enable their immediate concentration at
any point of attack, or their recal to the capital,
according to whatever circumstances may arise.
The campaign of last autumn has taught a
lesson not only of watchfulness but also in the
art of preparing for attack. I have not dis-
guised the fact, that during the last week
De Courten's brigade was in camp the cold-
ness of the nights was proving detrimental to
the health of the men ; the number of cases
of actual illness has, however, been greatly
exaggerated, and the break-up of the camp
was less owing to this than to the desire to
draught the troops into positions of actual
usefulness. The camp itself has been a great
success ; it is, in fact, impossible to overrate its
good effects. Enthusiasm is an excellent sub-
stitute for experience, and our troops have
plenty of that ; but the practical lessons in
soldiering their stay at Rocca di Papa has
afforded, have been invaluable in providing an
actual taste of experience. It may be thought
this experience was of a short period and on a
small scale, but it must be taken into the reck-
oning that it was not a herd of indifferent
recruits driven down there at the will of their
commanders, but that every man of them was
bent on making the most of the opportunity
and perfecting himself in all that could be
learnt from it. Persons of experience who
were present at their attack at Rocca Priora
last week express the utmost astonishment at
the perfection of the manoeuvres. Those at
Albano and Castel Gondolfo were very well
executed, taking all circumstances into ac-
count; but the interval seems to have converted
the young troopers into practical veterans,
so great was the precision and ready apprehen-
sion of the word of command, the discipline
and reliance on their leader, they displayed.
When a man's heart is in his work, his teacher
has an easy task.
Irode' down there early in the morning,
having an officer for my companion, whose
technical knowledge was of great advantage
in appreciating the various moves, and who
easily selected a good point whence to com-
mand a view both of the town and the road
along which the attacking party advanced.
There were six companies of Caceiatori and
Zouaves, and a section of Artillery, within the
town. The attack was made by the whole
body of Dragoons, some Carabinieri, and the
rest of the Infantry and Artillery. The latter
were stationed out of sight of the town, behind
a rising ground, till the signal for attack,
when with surprising celerity they brought
their pieces into position, and opened fire on
the town ; a large body of Zouaves, on each
side of the road, poured out their volleys on it
at the same instant. In our position we should
soon have been demolished had the guns been
loaded ! The whole body then advanced slowly
towards the town, keeping up a constant fire
upon it, and upon large parties of tirailleurs
(in this case, cacciatori), who obstinately de-
fended every inch of ground, taking advantage
as they went of every bush or eminence in
their way which could be used as cover. In
the midst of the confusing noise, and smoke
and tramping (for we were often between the
cross-fire of Zouave and cacciatori, blazing
away at each other with all their might), one
could distinguish loud and clear all the differ-
ent bugle signals for cessez le feu, deployez
en
tirailleurs, &c., &c., which were exactly and
instantaneously obeyed. Perhaps the most
brilliant incident of the day to a civilian's eye
was the charge of the dragoons sweeping
across the plain ; it elicited a burst of admira-
tion from all present. It was also a grand
sight when the whole staff, with Kanzler at
their head, came galloping along the road.
The din was of course deafening throughout
the morning, and many chargers got im-
mensely exci",,ed, eliciting some admirable feats
of horsemanship. De Charette, armed with
one of the new rifles, fought in the ranks of
his Zouaves all day as a simple private.
The practice of the Remington gave great
satisfaction, and fully answered its promise ;
but its very excellence has, however, whetted
the impatience at the delay in sending them
out, and as writing does not appear to suc
teed in hurrying their appearance, M. de C'
rette has determined to go in quest of them
himself. We are determined, to have our
stable-door bolted before the steed is stolen.
The general officers were very well pleased
with the day's work, and gave great praise
to the action of some small mountain cannon
lately acquired. They are very pretty little
instruments, borne on the backs of mules, one
mule carrying the gun and one the carriage ;

they are unstrapped, mounted and fired in two
minutes and a half. The mules are very fine
fellows, said to be a present from the famous
stud of the Queen of Spain, and they look quite
worthy of such a procedencicr, to use a Spanish

word.
The men had a dinner afterwards at a farm
called la Molara, just under Tusculum. The
officer's table was joined by a very remarkable
assemblage, comprising the King of Naples and
his brothers ; Don Alfonso, Infant of Spain;
Prince Itarbide, son of a former Emperor of
Mexico; Yusuf Karam, Emir of the Libanus ;
and peraps strangest of all a nephew of the
late King Theodore of Abyssinia. In the even-
ing there was a display of the beautiful (so
to speak) living illumination I described on
the occasion of the last field-day, and which
is, I believe, M. de Charette's own invention.
I looked in for a few pleasant minutes before
returning homeward, at a parting gathering F.
Gurdon, who, like a true soldiers' chaplain, had
promised to march up to Rome next morning
with his men, had thoughtfully improvised for
our English Zouaves. It was very picturesque,
yet very wild and strange ; the clear Italian
deep-toned sunset sky above, the deep ravine
covered with a vegetation of almost tropical
luxuriance beneath, the camp-fires sparkling
against the grey rocks, and the goats startled
by their glare, skipping from point to point,
yet still bearing their grand horns erect, and
waving their solemn beards, in assertion of
being the rightful patriarchs of the place. And
then, amid so much that was foreign, all
around one the homely ringing tones of young,
hopeful English voices, cheered by homely Eng-
lish cups of tea, and the earnest talk about
valiant deeds to be done in the cause which
. _

is of every country, and binds all hearts in one.
And then the thought that before morning all
those tents were to be struck, and all the vast

and many-tongued assemblage dispersed and
marched everyone to his post, and to the longed-
for look out against the foe. So I bid them
adieu, and left them-to their short rest on
" the Latial Mount"
4 4 Where once, dreams from Jove
Descended on the sleepers, whore, perhaps,
Some inspirations may be lingering still,
Some glimmerings of the future or the past."
Quite all trace is not to be swept away
either. The essay has been so popular and so
successful that another trial is confidently
looked forward to. The mess-room, and all

erections of at all a permanent character, will
be left standing ; also the temporary hospital
in which, indeed, some of the sick will have to
remain for the present. F. Gurdon was to
return to them after accompanying the troops
to Rome. Among the names by which, as I
mentioned on a former occasion, the lines of
tents were distinguished, was one which formed
a good French squib on our national tardi-
ness; our blind ally or turning, without an
outlet, got called latterly, when hope of seeing
the rifles began to appear vain, the impasse
ligmington, !
The most significant and satisfactory item
of this week's intelligence, is, perhaps, that the
approach of danger has quickened the Romans
into offering a fresh subsidy for the army funds.
The present subscription is to be devoted to
the presentation of two batteries of artillery.
They are to be mounted with rifled canon, to be
cast by the Mezzocchi, at the Vatican foundry.
The sick list at the military hospital is
heavier than one would wish to see it; but not
perhaps greater than might be expected at
this, just the worst, season of the year, among,
men more or less ill-acclimatized. The majo-
rity of cases are slight, and the proportion
among the indigenous troops, small. lam
glad to be in a position to announce that the
French committee have taken compassion on
the sick, and have sent some ambulance letters,
but I fear not as many as may be required.
The Artillery have several very good ambu-
lance carriages, with springs and springbeds,
but the Zouave regiment seems to depend
on its various national committees for provid-
ing for its requirements.
The Holy Father shows his usual interest in
the hygienic condition of the soldiers ; he spent
an hour and a half in the Santo Spirit() hospi-
tal yesterday, going round to all the bedsides
of the worst cases. His health continues ex-
cellent in spite of his having had no cillegyiatara
this year. lie never misses his afternoon drive,
however, and occasionally takes a walk outside
the gates. The day before yesterday we had
quite a storm of rain, but it did not deter
him ; a wet day is considered rather as a boon
by the escort and attendants, as by ancient
custom each receives a special gratuity to in-
demnify him for any possible annoyance. As
I believe anything respecting the Holy Father
has an interest for Catholics, I have no hesi-
tation in occupying. your columns with the
following incident ; is a remarkable instance
of the freedom which exists here, and the
consciousness the people have that there is
one measure of treatment at the Vatican for
rich and poor. At no other court could it have
happened. It seems that the Count de Sar-
tiges was accompanied at his farewell audience
by the Countess and his little boy. They were
all received with great kindness and interest
by the Pope, who made them all presents of
various works of art. His interest was en-
hanced by the Count's eldest son, a fine little
boy, having just recovered from a dangerous
illness. His present for Madame de Sartiges
—an ivory carving of the Good Shepherd—was
selected with great delicacy, so as not to wound
her prejudices as a Protestant. Altogether
the interview had been a good deal talked
of, like most semi-public events in Rome, and
suggested to a poor letter-carrier to desire a
similar favour for his own family ;—at the same
time, as he observed afterwards, he never for
a moment expected anything more than a
simple bacio del pie. The Pope was, however,
determined to fulfil his wish to the letter, and
talked to him and his family about their con-
cerns with a freedom which showed him as
much at home in the smallest as in the greatest
matters. " What a fine thing the modern
post is, is it not ?" he said, smiling, among
other things. " I get three deliveries of letters
a day now, and yet
I have a pleasurable re-
collection of the days when I only had two a
week." He went, according to custom, in
grand gala to Sta. Maria del Popolo on the
Nativity of our Lady, amid the usual con-
course and usual loyal acclamations. The 21st
is the day now fixed for the Consistory, which
I have announced before.
As I see there has been a good deal about
the English church of St. Thomas of Canter-
bury here in your columns, it may be interest-
ing to mention that the Pope has lately given
the rector of the English College some large
pieces of valuable Africano marble, which are
to be worked up in the mouldings of the arches
over the doors.
A report has been prevalent here lately that
Vesuvius gives signs of another coming erup-
tion. If so, many intending visitors, who had
been withheld by dread of the turbulent scenes
likely to be called up by the Parliamentino,
which, by the way, has postponed its day of
meeting, will overcome their fears by the desire
of witnessing the grander ebullition. It may
be taken as some indication of the failing popu-
larity of Garibaldi, in Naples, however, that
the 7th, the anniversary of his famous entrance
into that city, passed off' there without the
faintest demonstration.
A private letter from France mentions the
Lost sou ()11.1. which the French troops who were
here retain of their visit to the Eternal City.
The men of the 29th Regiment,
which were
stationed here last winter, have been amusing
theniselvss by ornamenting their division of
the Camp at Mourmelou with chalk models
of the great ruins and public monuments
with which they made acquaintance while here.
a- I

A YACHT SUNK BY A STEAMER NEAR SOUTIIAMP-
TON.-Mr. Temple's yacht, the Ulalie, lying in Southamp-
ton Water, was run into and sunk on Wednesday night
by an Isle of Wight steamer. The owner and all ou
board wore saved by climbing on board the steamer. They
had a narrow escape, as the yacht sunk in four minutes
after she was struck.

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THE GREA2 RAILWAY ACCIDENT.

-0-

ABERGELE) Friday,

This morning the examination of Samuel Eaton,
station-master at Llandulas, who is charged upon
the information of Henry Cripps with the man-
slaughter of Charles Cripps, who was killed in the
disaster to the Irish mail on the 20th of August.
The magistrates on the bench were Mr. Hesketh
and the Rev. Thomas Williams. Mr. Edwardes-
Wood appeared for the informant, and Mr. James
for the defendant. The first witness called was

John Stratton, who said he was inspector of
police on the Chester and Holyhead district of the
London and North-Western Railway Company.
His duties were to look after signals and points. He
produced the book of the company's rules. It was
his duty to see that every stationmaster upon the
line had a copy of the rules. He bad served a copy
of those rules upon the defendant. The duties of
the persons in charge of the points at stations was
to regulate the shunting.
Mr. James said the printed rules of the company
were put in, and he objected to Mr.lllrood exa-
mining the witness upon the duties of station-
masters.
After some conversation it was decided that the
rules should be accepted, and the following was
entered since the deposition as evidence :—" Goods,
mineral, ballast, or cattle trains, when likely to be
overtaken by a passenger train, must be shunted at
stations or sidings where there are fixed signals, at
east ten minutes before such passenger train is
due, and kept there till five minutes after it has
passed. Wherever there is a siding of sufficient
length to contain the train it must not be shunted
from one main line to the other, but always from
the main line into the siding."

Mr. James objected to this rule being put in, on
the score that it formed one of the rules for working
over foreign lines, and did not apply to the Chester
and Holyhead line.

On the question being put by Mr. James, the
witness explained that the rule quoted did not form
a portion of the general rules furnished for the
guidance of the company's servants, but, as shown
by the book itself, appeared in the " appendix,"
containing " rules for working over foreign lines."
Mr. Wood said he had made every effort to serve
summonses on Mr. Cawkwell and Mr. Mason, but
had not succeeded in doing so, and only yesterday
afternoon had been able to subpoena Mr. Binger.
His agent in London had made every effort to serve
a Crown-office summons on Mr. Mason, and hear-
ing that he was accompanying the Queen to Scot-
land he went down to Busbury Station, hoping to
see Mr. Mason as he passed. The messenger was
permitted to wait upon the station platform till
about ten minutes before the train was due, when
he was swept off, and the train went by. _ _

Mr. George, the magistrates' clerk, said he had
received a letter from Mr. Mason, which he would
read. Mr. Mason sail he had observed a statement

in the newspapers to the effect that he had been
served with a Crown-office summons to attend as a
witness in the prosecution of the Llandulas sta-
tion master. He thought it right to inform the
bench that he had received no such summons, or he
would have attended. He was in London till
four o'clock on Monday last, when he left to at-
tend her Majesty in the train to Scotland. The un-
fortunate accident having been EO very fully investi-
gated before the coroner's jury, and he having been
called as a witness on that occasion, he did not con-
sider it necessary to attend again, but if the magis-
trates considered his evidence to be of any import-
ance he would, of course, act as they directed upon
receipt of a letter from them, and without the
necessity of issuing a summons. He had business
engagements in Scotland, which would occupy him
the whole of the week, but if the magistrates de-
sired his attendance and would adjourn the case till
after Tuesday, the 22d, he would most willingly
meet their wishes.

Mr. James—That is a very different thing from
a messenger being swept off the station, and the
train sweeping by with Mr. Mason. (Laughter.)
The fact was that there were printed rules which
had been in existence for years, and which prohibited
any one besides the servants being on the platform
during the stoppage of a Royal train.
Mr. J. 0. Binger, manager of the Chester and
Holyhead section of the London and North-Western
Railway, was then called and sworn. In reply
to questions by Mr. Wood, he said it was the duty
of the defendant on the 20th August to have had
the goods train shucted ten minutes before the
passenger train was due. His first duty upon the
arrival of the goods train at Llandulas was to see
the line was not blocked. It was quite proper,
supposing the line to be protected by signals, for
the break van to be left upon the main line during
the process of shunting. There was no rule to
show that it was the rule or practice. The breaks-
men were bound to obey the orders of the station-
, master in respect to shunting. The station-master
at Llandulas had no means of knowing when the
Irish mail passed Abergele. There was no tele-
graphic communication between the two stations.
He must be guided in his shunting by the time at
which the mail was due at Abergele according to
the time bills. The Irish mail usually travelled at
the rate of 40 miles an hour over the level. The
line at Llandulas ought to be cleared for the pas-
sage of the mail at ten minutes before 12.39. If it
were not the station-master would be guilty of cul-
pable negligence.
The inquiry was then adjourned.

VERMONT AND MAINE ELECTIONS.

(From the Anglo-American Times.)

Last Tuesday the news of the Republican victory
in Maine arrived in London, which, as indicative of
the feeling likely to determine the coming elections,
is of the highest importance. Yet, though bill-
posters with their sensational headings covered the
walls and were spread in the streets ; though news-
boys hawked the Evening Stars and Standards, no
mention was made of a fact pregnant with conse-
quences to the civilized world, but more particularly
to England. It was not that this important in-
telligence from America had been crowded out by
sensational European news, for more silly than
usual in this " silly season " were the evening
dailies. The truth is, that the importance of the
message was an unknown quantity in nearly
all the quarters whence news emanates from Print-
ing-house-square to Northumberland-street, which
we believe to be the eastern and western bounda-
ries. But extraordinary as is English ignorance
and apathy about the affairs of a country which
more than any other does now and is destined
hereafter to influence the English, it is not surpris-
ing when the leading journal, the paper which
manufactures and supplies JOHN BULL with ideas,
is even behind the others in its American news. In
the same columns which contained intelligence of
the complete Republican victory in a State which
many Democrats openly claimed as their own, ap-
peared a letter from the Philadelphia correspondent,
dated Sept. 1. This letter must have been lying
for days in Printing-house-square, and as the
I City of Paris was announced to be at Brow-head
Signal station with mails to the sth, unless it then
appeared, the letter would have been worthless. On
glancing over what the correspondent says we see
how worthily he serves a paper so sleepy as
regards American matters. Where he had been,
or how be had spent the pree ding week, lie does not
say, but a whole one had been certainly skipped. All
his ideas and all his intelligence were those of a
week anterior, and the horrid notion flashed on our
mind that he wrote the last and this weekly letter
on one day, and then took his vacation ! " A care-
ful survey," he says, "of the field as it exists just
now shows that the Democrats hold the vantage
ground, an I inclicat •s that they will secure the
majority of the Presidential electors
hence the chances at present, and also the popu-
lar drift, seem to favour the election of SEY-
MOUR over GRANT, in spite of the latter's mili-
tary services ; and the New York Herald, famous
for snuffing the first indications of a change, has
given up the Republicans, whom a month ago it
thought to be on the high road to success, and is
now predicting a Democratic victory." He tells us
that " fears are expressed" of the breaking out of
an Indian war on the Western borders of the United
States. ,We wonder where that is, as we bad

hitherto been under the impression that the border
was the Pacific Ocean. " The prospectus has
been issued of the East Indian Telegraph," &c.,
that " President JUAREZ denies," &c.—" Recipr-
ocity Treaty with Canada—Forest Fires," &c.—all
items already announced, discussed, and used up.
Next day out comes the intelligence in half the Lon-
don papers that " a careful survey of the field," &c.,
and this is American intelligence in England. A
careful survey of the field about the 20th August
would have justified the man in Philadelphia, but a
careful survey of the field on the Ist September,
guided by the intelligence from Vermont and Maine,
presented quite another aspect. Yet people must
receive with reservation the triumph of the Re-
publicans as sure indications. New England
is a Republican stronghold wherein the Demo-
crats are seldom successful, except in Connecticut,
or ou some side issue. So fixed and firm is the New
England feeling that it loses much of its value as an
index ; and the election in M tine might last year
largely be explained by the irritation generated by
the stringency of the liquor law. There might then
have been no change whatever in the Republican
sentiment of Maine, although the Democrats re-
duced the Republican majority by 16,000 disgusted
Anti-Liquor Law men. With no such issue now
before them, they give their votes as they would
have given their votes last year had they voted at
all. In such case the Republican triumph would
in some measure be robbed of its value as an index;
yet from whatever aspect it is regarded, it is a
strong blow to the Democrats. What it indicates
principally is the feeling of the farmers, the most
powerful class by far in the United States. The
mass of them will argue much in the same circle—
whether on the green mountains of Vermont or on
the prairies of Illinois. They dread more than
anything a renewal of the war, and their motto is
that of GRANT, " Let us have peace." They con-
sider that any encouragement givento Southern chiefs
has led to extravagant anticipations of the return
of the status quo ante bellum, and this feeling of dis-
trust is skilfully fanned and played on by the Re-
publican papers. These men, exercising so enor-
mous an influence on the ballot-boxes, are little seen
or heard. They take up an idea and retain it, and
no power on earth can lead them to act except
in conformity with the notion thus strongly fixed
in their minds. If it be generally felt by them
that the Democrats cannot in the present un-
settled state of the South as yet be safely trusted
with power, GRANT walks over the course, and
no screaming of Irish mobs in New York or
Philadelphia will much influence the result. The
elections in Vermont and Maine are chiefly im-
portant as indicating the opinion of this class. The
Democratic journals endeavour to detract from the
importance of the Vermont Election by the absurd
assertion that the Republican gain did not maintain
its normal proportion of three times the Democratic
increase. If, for instance, the Democrats gained
4,000 on their vote of last year, and the Radicals
10,000, the Radicals have lost in influence, the
proper proportion being 12,000. The Na-
tional Intelligences actually argues this out in a
leading article, and any one who takes up the
London Standard may see the same argument
reproduced in its correspondent's letter. The
cable announces the Republican majority in
Maine to the 73,000, and the gain on last year
11,000. The 73,000 is either an error, or it means
the total Republican vote. If an error the "7"
should be " 2," which would give a gain of 11,386
over last year's majority. It is probable that the
figure is correct, but that it stands for the total
Republican vote, in which case the Democrats must
have polled upwards of 50,000, giving a total
vote for the State of more than 123,000. We cannot
put our hand at the moment on the total vote of
last year, but we know that in 1866 J. L. CHAM-
BERLAIN was elected Governor by a majority of
27,258 in a total vote of 111,480. From this the
majority for last year fell to 11,614. It must, then,
on the 14th instant have again increased to 22,614.
It is on the 13th October that the real tug of war
will come, when the great middle tier cf States—
Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Indiana—where the par-
ties stand fairly balanced, will throw a vote so
heavy, if unanimous, as to turn either scale.
Last year the votes in Pennsylvania were
267,751, against 266,824. In Ohio the Repub-
licans elected the Governor by a majority of
less than 3,000, while the Democrats carried the
Legislature ; but in Indiana there was no general
election, though this year a very favourite candi-
date, Senator IIENDRIcKs, has been put forward by
the Democrats for Governor. It is strange that we
have heard nothing from California, but the elec-
tions already determined, although strongly fa-
vouring the Republican ticket, have not that weight
which the party strives to give to them; and we still
remain of opinion that the question will be decided
in the Buckeye and Keystone States, which will be
but partially influenced by the votes of the Green
Mountain Bays, and of the Border State.