The Sun.
London, England, 1868-02-06 00:00:00

UNION PACIFIC RAILROAD, KANSAS.

The Kansas Pacific Railroad is attracting to it-
self a great measure of public attention. It was
originally intended to join the Omaha line before
that road penetrated into the Rocky Mountains,
but the ideas of its projectors have enlarged as the
operations progressed, and now a whole network is
contemplated, by which New Mexico, Arizona, and
Southern California will be opened up. Indeed the
time is foreseen when a branch of this railroad will
penetrate to the city of Mexico through a rich and
healthful country, which will bring that capital
into communication with the world without passing
through the malarious jungles of the Eastern sea-
bioard. The desire of the people south of the Mis-
souri is that this railroad shall be diverted by way of
New Mexico, whether a branch leads to Denver or
not. It is contended that the development of the
great interior will be better effected by thus direct-
ing the line ;—although the road to San Francisco
will be lengthened by some hundreds of miles, the
high mountain grades and great snow deposits of
the northern route will be avoided, which will more
than compensate—that the road will touch the tide
water of the Pacific at these two important points
on the way, the head of the Gulf of California and
San Diego, a good port, 400 miles south of San
Francisco. New Mexico is represented as fertile
and beautiful, and although broken up by moun-
tains with many fine valleys, and rich in mine-
rals, especially gold and silver. It ha.s been found,
as Mr. COPLEY has shown in his able letters to the
Pittsburg Gazette, that, as the railway is pushed on,
the Kansas settlers in thousands follow and even
precede it, so that already numerous towns have
grown up in the country described by Mr. HEP-
WORTH DIXON in his New America as a lonely
waste, over which Indians and buffaloes alone
roamed. It has been completed nearly, if not
quite, to Pond Creek Station, far into the valley of
the Smoky Hill, and 400 miles west of the Missouri
River at Kansas City. From this point the road is
to branch north-west to Denver, a distance of 187
miles, and south-west to Santa Fe, 402 miles. Up
to Pond Creek the Government subsidy of bonds,
granted by Act of Congress, is given ; but now
that the line has reached the limit, the people of the
district are moving for an extension. On January 8
resolutions were introduced into the Missouri Legis-
lature, requesting the State Senators and Represen-
tives in Congress to use all their influence for secur-
ing the passage of an Act granting the Union
Pacific Railroad Kansas Branch equal subsidies as
the Omaha Road, that it may be extended through
New Mexico and Arizona, at the same time as it
forms a junction with the Union Pacific Railroad in
Colorado. The territory it is proposed to open is
almost unknown, except on the line to Santa Fe.
From the latter town to Junction City it takes three
months to make the return trips, each waggon being
drawn by four yoke of oxen, attended by two men,
the expense being not less than $l5O per ton. The
south-western line, on leaving Pond Creek, will
pass over a rolling buffalo grass prairie, similar to
the Kansas country, to Fort Lyon on the Arkansas,
a distance of 65 miles. The line will then follow
the valley of the Purgatoire River, some 120 miles,
over buffalo grass land, to the eastern base of Raton
Mountain, leaving the river on its western side.
The slopes are covered with a heavy growth of
valuable timber, and excellent coal abounds in veins
from 11 to 13 feet in thickness, some taken from
those cropping out of the mountain had been
brought to St. Louis, and proved excellent
bituminous coal. So salubrious is this part of
Colorado, that a gentleman who had explored the
country, writing to Mr. COPLEY, says : " 1
honestly believe that, when made accessible by the
railroad, it will be the great sanatarium of the
United States." The country is as remarkable for
its beauty as for the excellence of its climate, and
as it contains vast pine forests, it will furnish a
supply much needed to Eastern Kansas, when the
line is built, as well in timber as in fuel. For more
than a hundred miles the road will skirt the moun-
tain, with the vast and fertile plains of North-
Western Texas on the other side, and passing Fort
Union it will turn westward and strike the Rio
Grande at the town of Albuquerque, 75 miles S. \V.
of Santa Fe, which it is to pass some distance to the
right. The course is then west over the Sierra
Madre about 120 miles, when it will enter Arizona, on
the 35th parallel of latitude, and pursue a course
through the midst of that territory, passing Pres-
cott the capital, and following the valley of Williams'
River till it reaches the Colorado, where good steam-
boat navigation is open at all seasons of the year
to the head of the Gulf of California. On crossing
that great river, probably at Aubrey City, the road
will enter California, when it is to continue its west-
erly course until it turns the southern extremity of
the Sierra Nevada, whence it will proceed N.W. up the
great valley to San Francisco, a distance of between
300 and 400 miles. General W. J. PALMER, now in
charge of the survey on the 25th and 32d parallels
through New Mexico, Arizona, and California,
wrote a letter from Fort Mohave, dated Dec. 28,
informing a friend at St. Louis that he has a good
line to the Colorado River, which the road will cross
at a point navigable to the Gulf, and affording excel-
lent opportunities for bridging. This point is
south of Fort Mohave, which is north of Aubrey
City on the Colorado, about 1,370 miles from Kansas
City, and 500 from San Francisco. From Kansas
City to New York via Cameron, Quincey, Chicago,
Pittsburg, and Allentown, the distance is 1,389
miles. If Chicago be avoided, and the route through
Springfield (Illinois) and Fort Wayne be taken in-
stead, the distance is 31 miles less, which would
give, if General PALMER'S estimate be correct, three
thousand two hundred miles by this route, from
New York to San Francisco. General PALMER is
an officer of intelligence and keen observation, and
he has spent many years of his life in the sort of
work in which he is now engaged. It is not there-
fore probable that he is inaccurate, and fuller re-
ports will be awaited with interest of this strange
new country, where it is said the race came from
whom the Spaniards found established in such
civilization in Mexico. In American archaeology,
remains are described which must have been the
work of these tribes, who passed to occupy as
conquerors, a civilisation far superior to that they
left. The Union Pacific Railway, as yet opened in
Kansas, has given its proprietors a most gratifying
return. During the month of May, 1867, it was in
operation from Kansas to Salina, a distance of 187
miles, and the gross earnings for that month were
$172,106, which gives $ll,OOO per mile per annum.
Of this the nett profits were $72,000, or at the rate
of $1,567 per mile per annum. In July the total
earnings were $189,570, and the working expenses
$104,430, leaving the nett proceeds $85,139. For
the month of August the gross earnings were
$236,000. General Palmer has been on his tour of
observation in New Mexico and Arizona for many
months, and he has made himself by personal in-
spection well acquainted with the route proposed
for the line. The heavy growth of timber and the
rich coal depositsof Raton Mountain are well ascer-
tained facts. The country in the vicinity is con-
sidered to be the finest grazing district of the United
States, and the mineral wealth of New Mexico,
Arizona, and Southern California are proved facts,
to which J. Ross BROWN certifies in his Report to
the Government upon the mineral resources of the
States and Territories west of the Rocky Moun-
tains.—Anglo-Anzerican Times.

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