The Sun.
London, England, 1850-11-09 00:00:00

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[PRICE SD.

I ehnuld like, in conclirsionl, n FAQ out three les-
sons which may be gathered, and should be learnt,
the present crisis; one for extreme Churchmen ;
'-er for extreme Dissenters; and the last for the
and earnest of all parties.
Irchmen of a certain sort may learn something
from :a,at they now so feelingly deplore. They are
beginning to be alarmed at the advances cf Popery;
but they have been doing much to help that advance-
ment. They have been fostering the spirit and prac-
tice of the Papacy, and they should not wonder if the
successor of St. Peter had got an erroneous and ex-
aggerated idea of the readiness of Britain to welcome
his rule. We, of course, think that there are in the
offices of the English Church vestiges of former
errors, which naturally become the seeds of error
again ;while, by many of the clergy, such representa-
tions have been given of their priestly prerogatives,
and of their sacramental system, as were at once op-
posed to the teaching we have had this morning,
from St. Paul, and identical with the spirit ard
pretensions of the Papac2 Complaints are }Raid,
too, and soreness expressed, bFcatv.,e, as they
say " the existence of our Church is ignored ;"
the validity of our orders denied." Allis
have they not thus acted towards others? May they
not read, by the light of their indignation, the mean-
ing of the saying of the Lord, " With what measure
se mete, it shall be measured to you again ?" They
have spoken cf the " Bishop of Glasgow," the
" Bishop of Edinburgh," and even of the " Church of
Scotland"—meaning thereby their own community.
Did others not feel these things ? Was it rothing
for all the churches in Scotland to be " ignored ?"
and for the " orders" of every minister but them•
selves to be " invalidated ?" Some men should learn
a lesson, from their present trial, of that faith, order,
and charity that might make them at once apostolic
and more catholic, but which would move them in a
direction opposite to Rome.
Some Dissenters, too, may lay to heart, with mani-
fest advantage, the lessons taught them by passing
events. It ray be easy to argue against national
establishments and the royal supremacy ; the demon-
stration may be complete of the impropriety of secular
legislation in religion, and in favour of unrestricted
religious liberty ; that the law should know no man
in his religious character; that all religious bodies
sholild be treated by the State equally and
alike, and every Church have a clear stage and
no favour. So far as Popery is concerned, I
am beginning to be suspicious of carrying this theory
practically out ; not, indeed, because the theory is
itself erroneous, but because Popery is not a thing to
which it can be applied. Popery is not simply and
purely a religion ; it is a great and mighty ecclesias-
tical confederacy that aims at and desires political
pre-eminence; it is a terrible, compact, almost
physical unity, animated by a spirit of intense hatred
to real liberty, civil or religious. It requires to be
held in check by law, not because its tenets are not
true, but because its heart is not to be trusted ; not
because its creed is a corruption of the faith, but be-
cause its tendencies are inimical to freedom ; not be-
cause it "ignores " this or that Church, but because
it a power dangerous to the State. It will join the
Dissenter in his theoretical reasoning when it is low;
will applaud him for liberality in striving to gain for
its own "emancipation " when it wishes to rise ; will
shout at times for " religious liberty " and the "vo
luntary principle ;" will smile and bow, and take
everything it can, and look humble, modest, and de-
mure, as long as is necessary to gain its ends ; but
when once gained, and any opportunity for a spring
forward or upward opens, it will take either
with both force and ferocity, and care not if it
crush in its headlong career the simple souls
that served it in its need! Churchmen may
find that, after all, Popery is really worse thin
Dissent ; and Dissenters may find that an ecclesias-
tical establishment, though an evil, may, with a Pro-
testant Church, be a less evil than stark Popery with-
out an establishment.
The great lesson, however, for all serious and
earnest men I take to be that they should see the
necessity of joining with prayer, and watchfulness,
and holy living, an attention to what Popery really
is. Is it " anti• Christ ? " Is it idolatrous ? Is it
persecuting? Is it just neither more nor less than
what it has always been, and what it will ever be
when it has the power ? I think it, indeed, ridicu-
lous as well as hateful. The idea that an old idiot at
Rome should publish a document to the English
nation, to tell us that in order the more effectually
to serve us, he "had sought the assistance of the
blessed Virgin Mary, and of all the saints whose
virtues had made England illustrious, that they
would deign to obtain by their intercession with God
the happy success of his enterprise! " There cannot
be much to be afraid of in such blasphemous non-
sense ; the sound mind of the English people will not
easily accept the absurdities of Maryolatry and saint
worship. But contempt may sometimes expose to
danger as well as weakness. It may be well, there-
fore, to study afresh the tenets of the Papacy ; to
understand its errors ; to chronicle its crimes ; to
mark well that its character is as immutable as its
pretensions are arrogant; and that everywhere and
always it has proved itself to be a thing which at
once insults God and degrades man.

THE MEDITERRANEAN FLEET.
Private letters from Port Mahon of the 27th of
October state that Sir William Parker's fleet was
then lying in that port, with the prospect of re-
maining for some time. The following account of
the movements of the fleet since it left Malta will be
interesting to those who have friends on board :

" On the evening of the 7th Sept., the squadron, under
the senior officer, Captain Dundas, of her Majesty's ship
Powerful, left Malta, and stood out for Cape Passer°.
'rhe same afternoon the Admiral, in her Mejesty's ship
the Queen, with the Hogue and Terrible in company,
joined the rest of the squadron, which started for the
island of Pantellaria. The Admiral brought his family
out with him, although the cholera was raging in
the ship. Leaving the neighbourhood of Pantella.
ria on the 111th, we were next day off Maretimo,
and, standing still to the westward, on the 15th
off Cape Carbonara, on the south coast of Sardinia,
which was the rendezvous in case of parting com-
pany. We cruised off here for five days, looking
into Palmer and Cagliari Bays, and then we steered for
the Balearic Islands. We hove to off Port Mahon, on
the 23d, and the admiral and ladies went in, in the
Scourge steamer, with the yellow Jack at the masthead,
to treat about our admittance inside. They came out
in the afternoon, and it was reported that the Spanish
authorities agreed to admit the whole of the squadron,
with the exception of the Queen, to free pratique, after
performing eight days' quarantine inside the harbour,
but that they refused to admit the Queen, on buard of
which ship the cholera still lingered. Sho hid lost
thirty-three men by it since leaving Malta, on the 7th
September, which made her total loss about fifty-one—
pretty well out of 1,000 men and officers. Strange to
say, none of the latter suffered. The arrangement pro-
posed by the Port Mahon authorities not suiting the
admiral, we sailed for Palma Bay, Majorca, and arrived
off that port on the 29th. The Scourge, which was sent
in on that day for provisions, stood in again on
the Ist of October, and received them. That
night we encountered a very heavy squall, which
caused most of the squadron to lose some sails.
Next morning, however, we were all in sight of each
other, with the exception of the Terrible, which rejoined
us the next day, The weather was now very stormy,
and made keeping the sea anything but pleasant work;
besides, the wear and tear of the ships and their gear was
a consideration; so, the cholera having by this time en-
tirely left the Queen, the Scourge was sent into Port
Mahon, to see on what terms they would admit us into
port. On the 7th we were all off shore, and the Scourge's
answer being favourable, the Queen and Caledonia were
towed in the next afternoon, and the other ships the fol-
lowing morning. We moored below the Hospital Island,
and hoisted the yellow flag fur ten days. The Spanish
squadron arrived on the 10th; it consisted of two cor-
vettes, two brigs, and two schooners. They ran past us
up the harbour in beautiful style, firing a salute in
honour of Queen Isabella's birthday. All our ships
blazed away for the same occasion at noon. We had
the run of the Lazaretto here, and Quarantine Island,
attended by guardians. On the 17th down
came the yellow flag, and four days later the
Scourge arrived from Malta, from which we had had no
communication since the 14th of September. The
cholera is on its last legs at Malta, but it would not be
prudent for us to go there just yet. The Frolic brig
lost her purser and eleven men by it, having arrived a
few days previously from the Levant. She was ordered
to sea immediately.
" On the 14th and four subsequent days a court-mar-
tial on First-Lieutenant Drury, of the Royal Marines,
was held on board the Caledonia. The court consisted
of Captain Dundas, president, with Captains Purcell,
Carter, Hope, and Knox; judge-advocate, Mr. Brown,
clerk of the Queen. The prosecutor was Captain Wise
(flag-captain). The charges were eight in number,
accusing him of repeated acts of drunkenness, and dis-
obedience of orders on ono or two occasions. Some of
them were proved, and the prisoner was soutenced to be
dismissed his ship and placed at the bottom of the list of
first-lieutenants of the Royal Marines. Lieutenant
Drury is now on board the Caledonia, awaiting a pas-
sage for Malta.

'''' No one but the admiral really knows how long we
are to stop here, or where we go to next. My idea is
that we shall start for Malta about the end of No-
vember."

THE " TABLET ON THE ITIERARCHT.-011 SSW!,
.day, October 30, 1847, the Tablet announced the " hierarchy"
in the following wurds :—" We are to have a hierarchy. The
minute details of the change have not been determined on.
Much is left for the Vicars-Apostolic to suggest, and for the
Holy See to confirm. It is probable that even the seats of
the bishops have not been fixed. Whether they will derive
their titles from the ancient sees, or from the new towns
which have risen into importance while the old ones have
been gradually declining, remains for further discussion.
If the old titles are convenient we shall no
doubt have them. It is idle to suppose, as some would hint,
that we are afraid of taking them. The Holy See will be
guided, in a practical measure, by common sense, and deal
with the question according qt.the exigencies of the case, and
not through fear, or in acknowledgment of an usurping sect."
FREE TRADE IN FOREIGN BUTCHERS MEAT.—
The steam-ship Caledonia, from Hamburgb, has brought
several cases of fresh meat as a portion of her cargo. This
is the first arrival of fresh meat which has taken place from
abroad during the present year.