The Sun.
London, England, 1850-09-26 00:00:00

FRANCE.

In the Coristitutionnel M. Veron, the redacleur en
chef, gives the following account of his inircduction
to M. Louls Napoleon Bonaparte :
" After the Revolution of February, nay colleagues,
my friends, and myself had only one client—society.
It was to defend it that the Constitutionnel carried
on that rude war against anarchy and against So-
cialism ; supported the candidature of Louis Napoleon
Bonaparte, coincided in the message of the 31st Oc-
tober, and was the first to demand the revision of the
Constitution with a prolongation of power for the
actual President cf the Republic. I had never seen
Prince Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, before his arrival
in Paris as representative, w hen I nceived the follow-
ing letter :
" Sir,—Wishing to see near me all the distinguished
persons of my country, I naturally felt a desire to
make your acquaintance. Now that a mutual friend
assures mu that you would accept an invitation to a
friendly dinner, I eagerly avail myself of the oppor-
tunity of having some conversation with a man whom
I have often heard spoken of, etc.
(Signed) " LOUIS NAPOLEON B.'
This first interview was for me an object of the
most lively curiosity, I will say almost of emotion.
The meeting was confidential ; I was certain not to
find in Prince Louis Napoleon one of those ardent
revolutionists, awakened by the coup de main of the
24th February, 1848, but the Prince had passed
several years in exile. Ile had studied ques-
tions of political economy ; he had followed
the labours of different Socialist schools ; he might
show himself to be an impatient reformer, an im-
prudent and dangerous utopist. I was soon assured
on this point. ' I think with the Constitutionnel,'
said the Prince to me, that society must be replaced
on eternal bases, that respect for the laws, for order,

property, and family ties niust be revived in the hearts
of all, before important novations and great measures
of progress are thought of.' In the interviews at
various periods which I have had the honour to have

with the Prince, he neither sought to seduce me by
the assured success of his cause, nor to attract me by
promises. His simple and natural words overcharged
neither his ideas nor his sentiments. He inspired con-
fidence because he neither sought to move you, nor
to lead you away. Thus even in his every-day rela-
tions the Prince showed an impenetrable coldness,
without, however, ceasing to be kind. That safety of
discretion which he has for himself he has also for
others; his oldest friends declare that no one batter
deserves to have a secret confided to him. With the
PresiLnt of the Rpublic these solid qualities are
shown by a politeness always equal and always re-
served; in his :limners and his serious phy-
siognomy, might be recognised a reflective mind
which isolates itself, and which sudden and
unexpected grandeurs had neither surprised nor
puffed up with pride. In politics, at the time of the
election of the 10th December, two new virtues were
invented—attitude and calm. It was said that Gene-
ral Cavaign2.c had the former, and Prince Louis Na-
poleon the latter. I have never seen General Cavaig-
nac in his official receptions nor in the tribune, where
he obtained more than one success; I, therefore, cannot
judge of the merit of his attitude. As to Prince Louis
Napoleon, it is in him an equality of temper which no
external inn pression, no movement of soul appears able to
disturb. Calm is a statesmanlike quality which even his
enemies cannot refuse him. Without here completing
this portrait, which I have only sought to sketch by
way of document, I will confess that I feel confidence
in this elevate.], serious, and resolute character.
When the Constitutioanel had to declare itself for one

of the candidates for the Presidency of the Republic,
. I would not, however, foltow the dictates of toy per-
sonal feelings, and I more particularly consulted Si..
Tniers on the subject. None of the articles which
supported the candidateship of the Prince were in-
serted until they had been read and approved of by
that eminent statesman."

AFFAIRS OF CALIFORNIA.
(Urono the Pacific News of August 1.)
Since the sailing of the last steamer the condition
of the overland emigration has taken the strongest
hold of public attention. The immense crowd who
are coming to California by the route of the plains is
beyond the capacity of that regiun to sustain their
teams ; and towards the latter end of the journey,
when within about 300 miles of the Pacific side,
about the sink of Mary's river, the teams have given
out, and there will be an utter inability on the part
of thousands to pass the Sierra Nevada, unless assisted
from this side. This is already prepared to be done
by private enterprise, and there is no probability of
fatality from destitution before the end of the journey
is reached.

Another great object of public interest has been
the great number of murders and assassinations
which have lately taken place in the San Joaquin
mines, most of which have been traced to the fo-
reignera of Spanish descent, and but one opinion is
expressed—namely, that they shall and must quit the
country, or abide, perhap=, extreme consequences.
Meetings have been held to that effect, and some of
the first citizens of the country are appointed to see
the undertaking carried into effect.

The foreign miners' tax has worked well, either
compelling aliens to pay for their intrusion upon our
treasures or compelling them to leave the placers for
our daily-arriving felio..v-citizens.
The mines are yielding largely at present, but
there is more associated labour in the forming of dams,
&c., than formerly, as isolated enterprise has not been
so successful as heretofore. The gold region has
scarcely been scratched yet, but the surface of the
richest places has been:superficially dug;over, although
not a tithe of the mineral deposit has bee❑ extracted.
A settlement has been formed on the eastern side of
the Sierra Nevada, in the upper end of Carson Valley,
by the M)rmons, and, from its agricultural capacities,
is likely to flourish, although the gold on that side
has riot been found in great abundance. A perma-
nent settlement there will be of great importance to
future emigration, overland, as they will be within
a short distance of that desert where all real danger is
apprehended by the belated or exhausted emigrant.
There has been no further news of collision between
the American settlers and the Indians on the Trinity
river. The mines there have not turned out well so far.

(From the San Francisco herald of August 1.)
The numerous murders in the southern mines have
exasperated the-citizens of Tuolumne county to such
a degree that, assembled in mass meeting, they have
issued peremptory orders for all foreigners to leave the
country forevith. Fifteen days is the limit allowed
by this mandate lOr their preparation to depart. A
committee of ei:izens has been appointed to determine
what foreigners :.halt be permitted to remain, and all
the Americans in the county have been called upon
to lend their aid to carry the order into effect. Bands
of foreigners are already leaving, and it is highly pro-
bable the expulsion will take place without any die-
turbaeace the four Mexicans that were found in
the act of burning the Lodies of two Americans near
Sonora have been acquitted of the charge of murder.
The waters have fallen in the upper and lower
mines, and already the miners are availing themselves
of the advantages of the season for the prosecution of
their operations. In most instances the average yield
is greater than in aey former season, and there is
every prospect that mere gold will be collected this
milliner than ever befor,•. Several crushing machines
are being put iu operation in the Mariposa and ether
mines where the gold- bearing quartz is found in suf-
ficient quantify to repay the out Ly. Exploring par-
ties have found gold father up the slope of the Sierra
Nevada than it has hitherto been sought fur. Parties
are every day extending their explorations, and while
the dry season lasts the miners seem determined to
employ their time diligently.
The law for the cs.)llec'.ion of taxes from foreign
miners, although carried partially into execution in
some of the counties, has generally Leen inoperative.
The amount of revenue derived from it is very smal,
and it has bad a very injurious effect iu the southern
mines.

A development has recently been made in the pro-
ba*.e Court of this county which has taken our ci, izjainns
by surprise. Tne judge has been charged by cap
Folsom, one of our most ro•Tectable, citizens, Who is
agent: fur the large Leidesdorfr estate, with having
Sought a bribe for deciding in his favour a suit com-
menced by the public administrator, to gain posses-
sion of the estate in virtue of his office. The charge
implicates the counsel of the public administrator,
-Messrs. Dwinelle and Iforand, whose fees in the
transaction were fixed at 5 COO dollars each. The
ease Hill be brought before the District Court fur in-
vestigation.

The most gratifying activity prevails in this city at
prcst,nt. New builaingF, mostly of brick, are going
up in every quarter, and the moat' extensive arrrange-.
ments are being made, for the fail trade. It is ex-
pected that a very large amount of busine!,s will be
transacted during the coming season, and tile pr(.pa-
rations for it are on a scale proportienate to it 4 antici-
pated extent.

THE NICAIZAGUA ROUTE TO
CALIFOitNIA.

SOUTHAMPTON, SEPT. 23 —We understand that
the Nicaraguan route to Ctlifornia was to be opened
for traffic on and after the lsth of September. Grey-
town (the ci dewant San Juan de Mean-qua), the
Atlantic port of the new route, cau b., reached direct
in 26 days by the West Indian mail steamers from
Southampton twice a month, and also by the Liver-
pool and New York steamers. We extract from the
New York Herald the following description of the
roue referred to :
" The States of Central America are too little
known, even to our own countrymen, who are daily
becoming more immediately connected in unity of in-
terests, politically and commercially, with them, and
with their prosperity. It appears almost self-evident
that our population will soon prefer the route to Cali-
fornia by Nicaragua to that by Panama. Companies
of men travelling to California will find the latter

route much less advantageous than the former. The
whole state of comparison between the two may be
comprised in a few words. In passing from one
ocean to the other, by the way of Panama, an econo-
mical person will have to pay, in the way of detention
and other incidental expenses, about 75 dollars. By
the Nicaraguan route, 15 dollars will suffice to trans-
port him across the country. Tolerable accommoda-
tions may be obtained for about nine dollars, and one
may go across in a cart for seven dollars. When the
steamers of the Nicaraguan Company are running, the
passage will be made, through Nicaragua, in 23 hours,
or in ten hours less than by Panama. Even were the
advantages of speed greater over Panama, the sa-
lubrity of the climate by the Nicaraguan route must
be deemed an advantage that Panama cannot possess.
The Nicaragua route is, also, by many a mile, nearer
to all th 3 ports of the United States and Calafornia,
and this is an important advantage in shortening the
passage. So much:interest will be taken in this new
route that we will look at it more closely. The first
point on the Atlantic is the port of San Juan del
Norte. This is a neat town, having large houses, ca-
capable of containing from 30 to 50 persons, and we
are informed that large companies can obtain these
shelters for about a dime a day each
.person. From
San Juan to Grenada the river is ascended for about
90 miles to the lake, through which, to Granada, 90
miles more hare to be passed. On the lake, at nume-
rous points, provisions are abundant and very cheap,
while fine hunting and game give charms' to the tra-
veller. At Granada, a city of 12,000 inhabitants, all
the comforts of life are to be found. From this latter
place to Realejo, on the Pacific, which may be reached
by a good cart-road, there are a number of towns
and cities. The scenery in this region is full of tro-
pical grandeur and loveliness, such as Humboldt has
recently described with such vivid earnestness of
colouring in his Cosmos. Beautiful valleys, magni-
ficent.mountains, extensive lakes, clear skies, luxuri-
ant vegetation, delicious air, and a healthful climate
invite the traveller, and designate it as the country
which will soon furnish the popular path to Califor-
nia. The railroad across Panama will thrive in the
course of two or three years, and will carry over much
freight, but the passenger traffic will be chiefly car-
ried on by the new steamers of the Nicaraguan route.

THE COMMERCE OF LIBERIA.

To the commercial men of our country, Liberia
pr: Bents herself as a theatre of extensive and lucrative
business operations. Palfn oil is produced by the nut
of the palm-tree, which grows in the greatest abura,
dance throughout Western Africa. The demand for
it, both in Europe and America, is daily increasing,
and there is no doubt it will, ere lung, beco:ne the
most important article of trade. Camwood, red
wood, bar wood, and other dye woods are found in
great quantities in many parts of the country.
About thirty miles east of Bassa Cove is the com-
mencement of a region, of unknown extent, where
scarcely any tree is seen except the Camwood. This
boundless forest of wealth, as yet untouched, is easily
accessible to that settlement ; roads can be opened to
it with little expense, and the neighbouring Kings
will readily give their co-operation to a measure
so vastly beneficial to themselves. One Liverpool
house imported 600 tons in a single year, worth about
50,000 dollars. Ivory is procurable at all points, and
constitutes an important staple of commerce. It is
supposed that from 150,000 to 200,000 dollars' worth
is annually exported. Gums of different kinds enter
largely into commercial transactions. The house re-
ferred to above imported, in three year,,, into Liver-
pool, of gum senegal, nearly 600,000 dis. Dyes of all
shades and hues are abundant, and they have ly,:cn
proved to resist both acids and light. Gold, which is
found at various points of the coast—from the Gambia
to the Bight of Benin, and probably to a much
greater extent—is obtained by the natives by washing
the sand which is brought down from the mountains
by the rivers. Besides these may be specified wax,
hides, horns, pepper, ginger, arrowroot, ground nuts,
copper, mahogany, teak, and Gambia wood. Cotton of
a very beautiful staple, yielding two crops a year, is
indigenous, and thrives for twelve or fourteen years
in succession without renewal of the plant. Coffee,
of a quality superior to Java or Mocha, is raised in
Liberia, and can be cultivated with great ease to any
extent. It bears fruit from thirty to fourty years,
and yields ten pounds to the shrub yearly. A single
tree in the garden of Colonel Hicks (colonist), at
Monrovia, is said to have yielded sixteen pounds at
one gathering. Sugar cane grows in unrivalled
luxuriance, and, as there are no frosts to be dreaded,
can be brought to much greater perfection than in
our southern states. Indigo, caoutchouc, tamarinds,
limes, oranges, lemons, and many other articles which
are brought from tropical countries to this, might be
added to the list. Indeed there is nothing in the fer-
tile countries of the East or West Indies which may
not be produced in Western Africa.—Colonization
Herald.

STATE OF TRADE.
(From the Manchester Guardian.)
MANCHESTER, T ILJESDA Y.—Tne advices received
by the America state that improved accounts from
Liverpool and Manchester had given rather more life
to a previously quiet market at New York. They
also speak as unfavourably of the growing crop as did
the last reports. Influeneed by these statements, the
Liverpool market opened brskly yesterday morning,
with the requirement cf an additional id. per
lb ; but as the holders showed a disposition
to be realising, a tameness ensued, and fully one-
half of the attempted gain was lost. But the ten-
dency of the raw material to rise in some degree has
helped to bring forward again some of the buyers of
export yarns, who were already prepared to operate
from the actual want of supplies for their customers.
Large orders have been received from the European
continent, and the merchants have effected a fair
amount of purchases. The India houses have also
bought with some freedom in various numbers up to
601 s, to which they have been encouraged by the ims
provement which is going in those articles at Calcutta.
The consequence is a rise of 4 1. per lb. in bundles of
almost all qualities, Rhether mule or water, and in
some kinds id. The home consumers of low and
medium counts, having a bad trade for their fabrics,
are working up their stocks, and making only few
and trifling purchases. The value of the yarns they
use is, however, firmly maintained. Doubled yarns
continua dull ; and the liner counts of single have
not been much called fur, either by our own manu-
facturers,
or by the Russian buyers, who'e term of
shipment is nearly run out but the spinners
are in posses:ion of ample contracts. In the de-
partment
of goods there has been no response to
the movement in cotton and yarns. The hz,me
buyers want confidence to operate; and the mer-
chants receive discouraging accounts from must
foreign markets. The letters which came to hand
last night, from Calcutta, exhibit a serious loss upon
shirtings and most other cloths. The Brazilian
markets continue depressed ; and the malignant
fever was re-appearing in Bahia and Rio
de Janeiro. At Constantinople an unfavour-
able effect was produced upon prices by the
report of a decline in Manchester ; and there
were but few orders reaching the market from the in-
terior. With such advices, these several classes of
buyers have stood decidedly aloof from business to-
day ; and, as stocks have now rather accumulated in
the hands of the manufacturers, some degree of
weakness, and a;great deal of irregularity, have shown
themselves in prices. We understand that the stop-
page of looms, or the placing them on short time, is
LOW extending in various districts; and the state of
this day's market must cause a further adoption of
that measure. We do not hear of the return to work
of any of the self-acting spinners.
ROCHDALE, MONDAY.—We have had considerable
activity in the flannel market again to-day, and a
fair business at former, prices. Tr.ere has been a
rather better demand fur wool, and the manufactu-
rers have shown a greater disposition to buy than on
the previous Monday. Prices are firm.
MACCLESFIELD, TUESDAY.—There is evidently
more doing this week, but our manufacturers still
complain of unremunerating prices. In thrown silk
there is also a good deal doing, but at prices inade-
quate to the present price of raves ; the mills, how-
ever, are
bmaeerin,e working full time, in consequence, we
presume, of f
still ordersband.fortlirorvnhersei khafrom thein
bceoennt ia-
large business done in raves The
this week, at full prices,
and we understand some
()fttie merchants are now hold -
ing for higher rates. overland dispatches from
India and China are now in, and fully confirm the
accounts of short crop in the latternd
country, which is
now declared will not be more than that of last sea-
son, viz., a deficiency of one-fourth as compared with
former seasons ; but this scarcity may in some mea-
sure be counteracted through a considerable quantity
having been sent by the overland route, and conse-
quently ;Ain arrive here two or three months earlier
more
raw by ship. By these means e shall have
raw silk on cur markets here for a time, and less on
the way.
Hurorsesrteen, TUESDAY.--Our
the
amounturmaili of et conti-
nues t-
nues to be pretty brisk, though
that have changed hands has not been so large as the
aprevious
e
ee ee nk duringS e y
e rt
1".1.1 lf
,n butbuyers
oreigmatroe liu '
town,
holding ;heir orders, in the holes of buying .
stocks, although there has been an advance the
wool market.
HALleax, SATURDAY.—There were but few mer-
chants. in the Piece-hell to-day, and the inquiry for.
goods is not so brisk as it has been, but there is a
pretty fair business doing, chiefly to orilsr. The ex-
port houses are not giving out fresh orders for yern
SO freely as they were ; but the spinners
tr b quotations.sehavefullem-
ployment, and there is no change iit
The wool market is not very
ac`ive, and the sales that
are made are at full late rates.
LEEDS, TUESDAY. —We contiretdo
the woollenhav
have good
average markets at the cloth halls, and
trade generally is in asatisfactory state. The clothiers
rnr.
e
are well employed by direct orders from