The Sun.
London, England, 1850-08-31 00:00:00

_OiTtlli3l4 )It.it

LONDON, SATURDAY, AUGUST 31, 1850.

Having visited the imperial city of Qermany, and
declaimed to their entire satisfaction in St. Paul's
Church at Frankfort, we presume that the delegates of
the Peace Association are now, on their return home-
wards, thoroughly satisfied with themselves and their
enterprise. Of course they imagine they have done
yeoman's service in the advancement of the arbitra-
tion movement. War henceforth is to be repudiated
by the people of Europe as an abomination. Blood-
shed is to be a grim and ghastly tale of the bygone
centuries. The lamb is to lie down with the
lion, and the kid with, the hippopotamus.
We wonder, as so many have already wondered
before us, and as so many will wonder after us, we
wonder with all the wonder that is possible in an
age of wonders—What next ! Talk of CERVANTES
having extinguished knight-errantry with Don
Quixote ! Talk of BUTLER having crushed feuati-
cism under the heel of Sir Hudibras ! Talk of
RABELAIS having quashed extravagance of aspiration
with his truthful history, of Gargantua and Pants-
gruel l The pyramids shaken down by a peal of
laughter would be a notion none th© less ridiculous.
Why the hero of La Mancha never perpetrated such ab-
surdities as these redoubtable champions of humanity
have been parading in the face of Christendom, like any
mountebank upon his platform,:aided by an Ojibbeway
nondescript in lieu of a jack-padding. After this we
need no assurance whatever that other hobbies may
be ridden besides the memorable Rosinante. Here
are man so blinded by their pleasant dreams
of impracticability, that, like the child in,
the nursery song, they are crying to have
the moon for a plaything. The aspirants
for Utopia were nothing to them in credulity—
neither were the believers in 'eerie, nor_the worship-
pers of the gods of Atalanta, nor those who sighed
after the flying island of Leman GULLIVER. It is
unquestionably true, of course, that now-a-days no
one entertains any intention of going in search of
El Dorado, of hunting up the reputed haunts of
PRESTER Jotter, or of advertising in the newspapers
for the wandering AHASUERUS. Yet, while no indi-
duals are given to such ridiculous practices,
there are those still in existence who indulge
themselves in undertakings quite as preposterous as
the roscicrucian experiments in quest of the elixir vile,
or the alchemical search after the aurum potabile.
Even while the soil of Europe is still heaving with
the convulsions of a recent revolution, while the
smoke of bombardment has scarcely floated away from
the principal cities of the Continent, from Paris caved
from Terrorism by CAVAIGNAC, from Vienna battered
i'ito rains by WINDISCHGRATZ, from Milan invested
by the forces of RADETZILY, from Buda stormed by the
heroic patriots under GoRGEY, from Rome takea at
the point of the bayonet by OUDINOT, from Naples
pillaged by the lazzaroni of FERDINAND, from Mes-
sina rased to its very foundations by FILANGIERI,
while the noise of battle is still resounding loudly on
the southern shores of the Baltic, and the valiant
Danes are:repelling the invaders beyond the boundaries
of Schleswig, men are found so frivolous in judg-
ment and so dull in comprehension as to talk of
" putting down" all idea of future conflicts! What
renders their proceedings still more ludicrous to those
who don't happen to be bitten by the phobia of arbi-
tration, is the circumstance of such men as General
HAmtu, as hl. GIRARDIN, and as Mr. COBDEN,
being among the naoit conspicuous persons present on
the recent occasion of their re-assembling at Frank-
fort. General HAINAU, the desolator of Hungary !
GIRARDIN, the duellist ! Mr. COBDEN, the defier
of Russia, and the threatener • of the police
to one of his London correspondents ! Nothing, in

short, could exceed the inappropriateness of the
whole of the late demonstration. The rendezvous
was the very city where only a few months before
the artillery was brought out to clear the streets
from insurrection. That city, moreover, is the
metropolis of a nation ripe, from one extremity to
the other, at any moment for an outbreak into the
bloodiest revolution. Then the military chieftain,
whom we have already mentioned as having
appeared in St. Paul's Church during the progress
of the three days' declamation, was perhaps the most
villanous hero that could have been decoyed into that
dovecot, as a token that war now-a-days is more san-
guinary, mere cruel, more horrible, and irrepressible
in every way than it has ever been hitherto. His
presence there, reeking from the shambles of
Austrian vengeance, was as though the bril-
liant periods of the orators of peace were
responded to by the laugh of a hyena.
Never was the dream of a visionary more abruptly
or more painfully dissipated than that of the ad-
vocates of arbitration, when HAYNAU walked into
the very midst of their pacific conclave. After the
entrance of this infamous soldier into the council of
the Peace Association, nothing remains to be said or
written in disproof of the practicability of its
principles.

The Commissioners for the Sala of Encumbered
Estates in Ireland, having completed the first year of
their labours, have published an authentic account of
their progress during that period. When it is con-
sidered that the Act (12 and 13 Vic., cap. 77) under
which they were appointed only received the Royal
assent on the 28th of July, 1849, and that the new
Commissioners held their first meeting on the 28th of
August, the amount of business transacted in the
interval will appear as extraordinary to those accus-
tomed to the long and lingering proceedings in Chan-
cery, as the journey of the present day by express
train, to the dilatory and tedious transit by the
lumbering waggon or the heavy day coach of the
last century. Rapidity is now the order of the day.
Everything must be quickly decided, and right glad
are we to end that the spirit of the age has led to
the acceleration of legal procedure.
It is not by the value of the property disposed of
that the labours of the Commissioners are to be
appreciated. The gross total produced by the sales
from the 21st of January, on which day the first lot
was submitted to public competition, to the 31st July,
up to which time the return is male, was 541,2531.
16!. 61, an amount nut exceeding, probably not
equalling, that realised during a similar period
by Messrs. DANIEL Slerra and Son, at the Mart,
Waterloo-place, Pall-mall, or by one only of our many
eminent estate-agents. Teis may not be regarded as
a very extensive change of property in Ireland, par-
ticularly when the embarrassed condition of many
landowners in that country is taken into considers..
tion, and the fact that the new tribunal, from the
superior advantages it is enabled to offer to purchasers,
in the shape of a clear Parliamentary title, With a
new root, a sh,ort conveyance, and a settlement of all
doubtful questions with the occupiers and tenants,
which, under other circumstances, might possibly
lead to expensive and vexatious litigation, has
practically superseded all other modes by which
real property is disposed of in that country.
But the industry and efficiency of the Commissioners
will be better understood when the detailed account
of all they have got through during the twelve
months is taken into consideratiqn.
As we have already stated, the three gentlemen
who had been carefully selected for these arduous
and important duties met, for the first tinr, on the
28th of August. Their earliest, and by no means
least, difficult task was to frame rules for the regula-
tion of the practice in their court. This onerous
undertaking was accomplished in less than three
weeks (20. days), and, on the 18th of September,
the new general rules, eighty-five in num-
ber; together with a body of forms, and
directions for " facilitating proceedings under the
statute," the whole forming a complete and well..
considered code of procedure under the new tribunal,
was submitted to the Irish Privy Council for appro-
bation. The members of this body did not exhibit
quite as much activity as the Commissioners. They
took a full month to consider what had been pre-
pared in less than three weeks, and their final sanction
was not given to the general rules until the 17th of
October.

On the 25th October the Court was first opened
for the dispatch of public business, and during the re-
mainder of that month 17 petitions were filed. From
that time to the • ) 31st July 1,085 petitions have
been presented, of which no less than 997 were ad-
judicated on, 105 being dismissed ; so that on the
31st July there only remained standing over 83 cases,
of which 82 were filed within that very month.
Tne petitions in 177 cases had been presented by
the owners for the sale of estates producing a gross
rental of 189,944/. ss. 2J., and encumbered to the
extent of 3,023,556/. 13s. 41d., or rather more than
one quarter of the gross rental, and less that one
quarter of the encumbrances brought under
the; jurisdiction of the Court. This fact of the
owners taking the initiative in so many cases
sufficiently proves that so great a terror is not enter-
tained by the landlord class of the " confiscation" and
"sacrifices" that were said to be of daily occurrence,
as asserted by some of the opponents of the new law.
The total number of orders made was 2,789, of
which 938 were conditional orders for sale, 666 abso-
lute orders for sale, and 1,135 miscellaneous orders.
This was " independently of numerous orders daily
made by the Commissioners in chambers." The annual
rental of all the properties comprised in the petitions is
665,470/. 18s. 71., and the gross total of encumbrances
as specified in the petitions is 12,400,3431. 6s. 114. It
will therefore be seen, that if even the very moderate
sum of 1 per cent. be set aside for the costs of the
sale and of the entire proceedings, it will require the
property to bring on an average from 18 to 19 years'
purchase to pay the encumbrances without leaving a
shilling for the former proprietors. As many, how-
ever, will exhibit considerable deficiencies, it is to be
hoped that there will be numerous cases in which
handsome balances will remain for the use of the
inheritors.

There have been already 87 different estates
sold in 257 lots. Receivers had been appointed over
fifty-four of these estates, so that they had passed
from the control of the inheritor to the hands of the
worst possible landlords—the Court of Chancery or
Equity Exchequer; and in twelve cases only were
proceedings not pending for a sale in one or other of
these courts. There were altogether 64,8021. 3a.
15r. sold, of which 50,793 A. Oa. 12r. were held in
fee simple or fee farm, 12,420 A. 3a. 35r. for lives re-
newable for ever, and 1,585 A. 2a. sr. for other leases
for long terms. The total produce of the sales was,
as we have already stated, 541,2531. 16s. 6d., of
which 22,805/. was obtained for house property in
Dublin, Cork, Limerick, or Belfast, and the re-
mainder by the average aforesaid, or on the average
of rather less than 81. per acre for the lands.: Already
the distribution of the proceeds has been commenced,
and it was anticipated that nearly 200,0001. would
have been allocated by the 20:1 of this month, and
200,0001. more in November. This is, indeed,
astonishing progress, and shows how greatly the nation
is indebted to Sir JOHN ROMILLY fur his bold and
vigorous attempt to overcome the monster grievance
of the 19. h century.

THE PARLIAMENTARY SUNDAY.—DUBLIN
DAY.—Official orders arrived yesterday rescinding o
e the' '
foolßisih.
Ivr
take
e
and mischievous rule for suspending postal
during two days in the week. The delivery
as formerly from Sunday next. The reverting to the
system has created nu dissatisfaction among the empioy'e',olodf
the Post-office, to whom the " boon" was little better than
sheer humbug.
APOTHECARIES' HALL.—The following are the
names of the gentlemen who passed their examination in the
science and practice of medicine, and received certificates to
practise, on Thursday, August 29 : —Robert Turner Bywater,
Leeds; Thomas Evans Evershed, Billinghurst, Surrey;
Thomas Roberts, Hitchen, fleas ' • Charles Harriott Roper,
Alountradford douse, Exeter; Robert Harrison Wilson,
Howdon Pans, NewCastle-on-Tyne. ,
THE TRINITY-LlOU3E.—Captain Picket has been
elected an Elder Brother in the room of Captain Reeve, de-
ceased, We understand that the Right Hon. Sir Francis
Thornhill Baring, Bart., M.P. (the First Lord of the Admi-
ralty), is to be proposed as one of the Elder Brethren in the
place of the late Right Hon. Sir R. Peel, Bart.

LORD LYNDHURST.—We are happy to learn that
the operation the Noble and Learned Lord found it necessary
to undergo for the recovery of Lis sight has proved most
successful.

The Wesleyan Conference is to be held next year
at Newcastle-upon-Tyne.

F.-Air mr,r-e. English fishing-smacks, the Navarir,
the Five Brothers, the St. Croix; and the Oyster, have been
seized and sent into Havre for violating the fishery laws.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris journals of yesterday.
The accounts of the reception of the PRESIDENT on
his arrival in Paris are contradictory; we subjoin
two • the first is from the officially recognised organ
of the Elysee, the Constitutionnel, the other from the
Republique :
The Constitutionnel gives the following account of
the reception of the President of the Republic on his
return to Paris :—" Louis Napoleon returned to Paris
last evening. He left Epernay at a quarter past six, and
at a quarter past eight was at the station of the Stras-
burg Railway. The Minister of the Interior, the Mini-
ster of Justice, the Minister of Public InstructioN and
General Changarnier waited for him at the station from '
seven o'clock. General Changarnier and the Ministers
warmly embraced the President when he alighted from
the carriage. Some detachments of infantry were
placed at the corners of the streets which lead
to the station to prevent the crowd from invading it.
When the President appeared on the square the troops
uttered energetically the cry of Vive Napoleon!' in
which the greater part of the population took part.
Along the Boulevards from seven o'clock in the
evening unusual agitation and a constantly increasing
crowd were observed. Although the circulation of
vehicles was not interrupted, a mass of curious
stood in the roadway. The arrival of the Prince
was announced in advance. The crowd was very
considerable. The demagogues took some measures
to trouble the reception which awaited Louis Napo-
leon on his return from his journey. On some points,
and especially before the Passage Jouffroy, hostile
groups were carefully stationed. From these groups
were heard all the declamations which are familiar to
the democratic socialists. In the ranks of the
veritable population the conversation, on the con-
trary, was on the excellent effect of the ex-
cursion in the departments, which was repre •
sented to be devoted to the doctrines of disorder,
on the firmness, the presence of mind, the good sense,
and the patriotism which had inspired the acts and
words of the chief of the state. The cortege of the
President rapidly descended the Boulevards. His
carriage was preceded by a piquet of chasseurs a
cheval, surrounded by carabiniers, and fol-
lowed by half a squadron of hussars. On the
passage of the Prince, the cries of Viva Napo-
leon!' Viva le President !' did not cease to be,
uttered. It is needless to say that the demagogic
groups did their best to cause to be heard the cry
which, since the departure of the Prince, has become
the nwt dordre of socialist monarchy. In despite of
their efforts, however, acclamations continued on all
the line of the Boulevard. At a quarter past nine
o'clock, Louis Napoleon arrived at the Elpee. Not-
withstanding the fatigues of this long journey, 14.1
health 'is perfectly good."—The Republique gives
the following :-2-" The rumour of the arrival or M.
Lours Napoleon Bonaparte at Paris attracted last
evening an unaccustomed crowd of promenaders
on the Boulevards, amongst whom at each step
were officiers-de-paix and sergens-de-ville. Com-
pact groups occupied the entrance of the Rues
Hauteville and the Faubourg Poissoniere, the cortege
having to come from the Strasburg Railway station.
The Society of the Dix Decembre tea its measures
well ; for more than an hour before the arrival of the
['resident its members filled the Rue Chabrol, and
uttered unconstitutional cries. Lost trouble, how-
ever ! At half-post eight, as soon as the first dra-
goons of the escort appeared, Carlier, Prefect of
Police, on horseback at their head, an immense cry of
"Viva la Republique"was heard on the Boulevard, and
went from distance to distance in formidable echoes.
Some men who had climbed to the top of cabs cried
" Vive Napoleon 1" but this cry was immediately
covered by a democratic acclamation which lasted
for more than a quarter of an hour. And let the
journals of the Elyiee not say that last evening the
men who uttered enthusiastic shouts for the Republic
were paid—the crowd was too numerous, the cries too
unanimous. At the doors of the public establishments
and the principal cafes, there was not an habitat-I who
did not shout Vive la Republique.' "
The meetings of the Councils-General of the depart-
ments are looked forward to with great interest. The
Bonapartists have been making strenuous endeavours
to induce them to pass resolutions for a revision of the
Constitution, and for a prolongation of the powers of
the PRESIDENT. The Legitimatists will, it is said,
join with the Republicans of all shades in opposing
such propositions, and in several of the Councils
lively debates have taken place on the subject. The
Council-General of Aube agreed to a resolution pray-
ing fora revision of the Constitution, without alluding
to the PRESIDENT ; that of the Pyrenees Orientales
expressed a wish for the proloagation of the Presi-
dency for ten years. The Councils-General, how-
ever, can scarcely be considered as the representatives
of popular opinions. They resemble, in their consti-
tution, the Irish grand juries, and are, moreover, ex-
pressly forbidden by law to take part in political
discussions.

Several arrests have been made of persons charged
with uttering seditious cries.
___

The PRESIDENT leaves Paris for Cherbourg on
Monday; he proceeds by railway to Havre, where a
steamer will be in waiting to convey him tiT.Cher-
bourg. It is said that a change of Ministry isynnmi-
tient, and that.the new Ministry will be comitosed of
men of the DUFAuaE party.
The Prince DE JoiNvir,LE has, it is said, signified
his willingness to become a candidate for the office of
PRESIDENT of the Republic in 1852.
PARIS BOURSE, AUGUST 30.—Latest Prices.—Five
per Cents., 96f. 65c. ; Three per Cents., 58f. 20e.;
Bank Actions, 2,290 f.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK-EXCLIA.NGE, Aua. 30.
East Indian, 91i—Orleans and Bordeaux, 2%—Paris and
Strasburg, 7% —West Flanders,

SPAIN.
Madrid journals of the 25th have arrived.
They contain no intelligence of interest.
The Bolsa was closed on the 25th.,

GE RMAN Y.

The Kohler Zeitung has a telegraphic dispatch
from Vienna of the 27;:h inst., stating thAt the official
Weiner Zeitung of that day publishes a note, pro-
testing that Austria (in her quarrel with Prussia on
the dislocation of the Baden troops) accepts the pro-
posed Court of Arbitration with a view to have the
regulations of the fortress of Mentz interpreted by
the said Court. In the same dispatch it is asserted
that the journey of Prince Sch wartzenberg to Ischl
is in connexion with the arrival at Lintz of the Count
Nesselrode, and with the final settlement of the Ger-
man question.
The following decree of the Grand Duke of Meck-
lenburg-Schwerin has just appeared
" Whereas the arbitral decision concerning the legal
validity of the constitution promulgated on the 10th of
October last year will be shortly given, bat as under
these circumstances it does not appear opportune to pro-
ceed to the elections prescribed by our ordonnance of Ist
July last, we order as follow;;:-1. The elections fixed
for the 26th inst., to form a new Chamber of Deputies,
shall not take place. 2. A decision will be hereafter
come to on this subject after the arbitral decision shall
have been pronounced."

• . .
The Allgemezne Zeitung 'publishes the following
from Munich of the 25th:—

"The arrival of his Majesty, King. Otho, from Greece
at Trieste yesterday was received here by telegraphic
dispatch last night. He was to continue his journey by
way of Sabzberg, and is expected to arrive here on the
29th. He will proceed from the capital of Hohen
Schwangau, and subsequently to Ayschaffenburg. His
Majesty's stay is at present fixed or two menthe."
'Jibe Cologne Gazette, of the 25tb, gives the follow-
ing from Hesse Cassel, of the 26th :
" To-day the Minister of Finances, M. Lametsch,
opened the Assembly of the States. In his opening
speech the Minister said the finances had not recovered
from the distressed state in which they were when the
Assembly separated, and urged it to grant the means to
meet the public expenses. A project of law would be
presented to the Assembly giving authorisation to the
Government to collect the taxes to the 30th September.
After the vote it will be prorogued until a new budget is
prepared. After the Minister's speech all the Members
were sworn.. A Committee was then appointed to draw
up an address in reply to the speech."

DENMARK AND THE DUCHIES.
A telegraphic dispatch from Hamburgh in the
Kolner Zeitung states that in the evening of the 26th
inst. five Danish vessels approached the Holstein
coast near Noer, and that they effected a landing at
GI-fine:veld. The garrison of Kiel was sent out to
drive them hick to their ships.
General WILLISEN, the Cummandvr-in-Chief of
the Schleswig-Holstein army, has published the fol-
lowing notice:—

" Rend burg, Aug. 20.

providedll
wou hnn`
got lam t has occurred that the former notice 0- I the general
commanding relative to the r.dmission of foreign (that
is, non-Schleswig-Holstein) officers in the army has
been frequently misinterpreted. The General com-
manding, therefore, cannot omit to repeat that not all
those who may be, or who have been, officers can be
admitted,oryut.th
the
nf
ab with
b service,ufaot
nvgoteoruoyl
mdy
pt ha
po
es er sw,
andho a
wr eh
oy oh ua nv ge ,
not ac t i
by
eye, n
tooand
ottaffinycelbe:;s (phaopse resignation has been vo-
flicGa
belrem, a nmac o nsttiinilg
fie nntdf ,emto-
ployment in the Schleswig-Holstein armyy according to
their seniority. (Signed)
" THECoGntEaNinEsRALthCe
fo omilw uiANnz ."
The Weser Zeitung
an-
nouncement connected with the subject of German
recruiting :
" The thy before yesterday (rays this journal) Major
Klaproth, of Carlstuhe, arrived here, with the intui-
tion of proposing to the general commanding to lead a
body of from 800 to 1.000 volunteers, as a reinforcement
for the Schleswig-Holstein army. He will collect them
Mayencc, Moan, and Frank-
fort,i.l andtil3va erimnil ndt°,3 ti3ch!laeodt:h:o'n'
era
commanding themselves
p.:risr, bet leave er, . .
The only condition. which these young and
oinnetchoerpir
s,faavnudure,leicsi thattheir theyown
respectable dispositions.
'shall remaiinteongedthenler irld