The Sun.
London, England, 1850-09-02 00:00:00

" REVISED SENTENCE.

" The Court having carefully considered the remarks
by his Excellency the Commander-i❑-Chief on the sen-
tence passed on the prisoner, private John M'Lean, No.
756, of her Majesty's 14th Light Dragoons, beg respect-
fully to adhere to that sentence.
Head-quarters, July 1, 1850.
" I am sorry that the Court felt itself called upon to
adhere to a sentence which I have no power to com-
mute, and cannot, in the extraordinary circumstances
of the case, execute. I have, therefore, no alternative
but to pardon the prisoner; nut excu,ed by his drunken-
ness, but by facts stated in my remarks to the Court on
its proctcdings being revised. I assure the Court that
great severity, without a duo consideration being given
to circumstances, is not justice, not conducive to dis-

cipline.
" The prisoner is to return to his troop.
" C. J. NAPIER, General,
" Commander•in-Chief, East Indies."

• The Affreedees have again closed the pass to Ko-
llar, and seem inclined to be as troublesome as ever.
A man of the Horse Artillery has been shot by one
of them close to bis quarter guard. A plot has been
discovered for effecting the release of the 10 Seikh
State prisoners confined at Allahabad.
General Campbell has returned to the Punjaub, but
a large party of officers still remain in Cashmere,
where they are treated by Ghoolab Singh with the
utmost kindness amd attention.
The south-west monsoon, so long delayed, has at
last sot in in earnest, and all apprehensions of famine
in Western India were at an end. In Bengal the
rains were injuriously heavy for the indigo cultiva-
tion, and there were great floods in the neighbour-
hood of Calcutta—the course of the intended railway
to Budram being described as at present a " sea of
inundation better adapted to the operation ofsteam-
boats than steam-carriages."
The Lahore Chronicle says, that "the order re-
taining Sinde allowances for the troops beyond the
Indus, at the time the Governor-General had ex-
pressed his anxious desire to assimilate the pay, is the
real ground of the feud known to exist between his
Lordship and Sir Charles Napier."
The same journal states that a " singular communi-
cation has been received at Lahore from the Gover-
nor-General, intimating his Lordship's surprise that
the executive officers should have taken upon them-
selves to disburse sums of money for carrying on
public building on the order of the Commander-in-
Chief, when the instructions limiting their discretion
are so very precise, and intimating his Lordship's in-
tention to hold the Engineer officers personally re-
sponsible for all sums expended without his sanction
previously obtained." This must have reference to
Sir Charles Napier's orders respecting barrack space
and ventilation, enacting that there should be at least
100 cubic feet of space per man, and that barracks
deficient in such respect should be enlarged to the re-
quired standard.
The Seikh prisoners at Allahabad still keep the
authorities there in a state of disquiet. They have
been detected in communication with the ex-Ranee
(now in Nepaul). On the 26th of June a Cawnpore
Brahmin, named Seetaram, was found inside the
quarters inhabited by the prisoners, ten in number,
notwithstanding all the precautions and vigilance
used to prevent every species of intercourse. No-
thing was found on the man, though he acknowledged
being in Seikh pay. The next day a court of inquiry
was assembled, and sufficient was elicited to prove
that a deep. laid plot had been organized. Several
letters were found addressed to the friends of the pri-
soners, and one document, containing the names of
the different officers in command of corps and the sta-
tions where their regiments were located. Information
was likewise obtained of two Seikhs, who were con-
cealed in a Ghcssain's house in the city, having in
their possession a sum of 20,000 r., dedicated to pur-
poses of bribery. Upon the person of one of the
prisoners a file was found. The Jemedar and sentries
in charge of the guard have been placed in arrest on
a suspicion of collusion.
A tragical event has occurred on board the Hon.
Company's cargo boat Kaleegunga, in tow of the
steamer Berhsmpooter, at Patna. It appears that she
left Allahabad with 39 Seikh convicts with a very
weak guard. The arms of the guard were piled be-
tween them and the convicts when at Patna ; the
latter having seized the firearms, which were loaded,
rose upon the guard, and a desperate conflict ensued.
Two of the guard and two of the convicts were killed,
and the convicts succeeded in running the boat ashore
and escaping. It appeared that the affair took place
in the day time, which renders it still more extra-
ordinary.
The following casualties by death in the armies of
India are reported since the departure of the mail on
the 25th of June
IIER MAJESTY'S TROOPS.—Lieutenant J. F. Wood-
house, 61st Foot, at. Peshaaur, en the 24th of June;
Lieutenant 11. A. Malony, 60th R fles, at Meerut, on the
3d (1 July; Lieutenant-Colonel J. W. King, C. 13., 14:11
Light Dragons, at Lahore' on the 6th of July.
" MADRAS.—Lieutenant F. Keiglily, 24th Native In-
fantry, at Kamptee, on the 6th of June; Lieutenant J.
Knowles, 32J Native lattintry, at Kamptee, on the 17th
of June; Ensign U. St. A. Burdett, 2d European Light
Infantry, at Maauldooroo, en route to Madras, on the
20th of June; Major H. N. Noble, 401 h Native Infantry,
at Jaulnah, on the 14th of July.
" BEDlGAL.—Captain R. Stein, 49th Native Infantry,
Phillour, on the 10th of June; Assistant-Surgeon D.

AUSTRALIA.

tions :
" Ist. To unite in one grand political league for mu-
tual protection and defence, and for general advance-
ment, the five Australian colonies of New South Wales,
Van Diemen's Land, South Australia, Port Philip, and
Cooksland, or the Moreton Bay country; that the inha-
bitants of these colonies mey henceforth feel and know
that they are no longer iaelated and detached communi-
ties—to be governed and oppressed separately and inde-
pendently by ukases from Downing-street, with none to
interfere for them from without—but one people, having
common interests and common objects, the nucleus and
elements of one great Australian nation.
2. To prevent the degradation of any one of these
colonies into a mere receptacle for the convicted felons of
Great Britain and Ireland; and to remedy, as far as may
be practicable, the enormous evils that have already re-
sulted from the prevalence and abuse of the transporta-
tion system in certain of these colonies.
" 3. To encourage and promote, by every legitimate
means, the influx of an industrious, virtuous, and
thoroughly British population into these colonies, that
their vast and inexhaustible resources may be duly and
fully developed, and that they•reay be fitted ag speedily
as possible fur taking the high and influential place
which they are evidently destined to hold in the ci-
vilized world, as the great leading power of the southern
hemisphere.
"4. To achieve, by moral means exclusively, and with
the full approbatio❑ and concurrence of Great Britain,
the entire freedom and independence of these colonies,
and their erection into sovereign and independent states;
to be incorporated into one great political federation,
like the Swiss cantons of Europe or the United States of
America, under the style and title of • The United Pro-
vinces of Australia.'"

Assuming that England will agree to the erection
of the proposed republic, Dr. Lang's scheme descends
to the minor arrangements for its government, which
be would commit to the hands of a president, with a

salary of 3,0001. per annum. A general Legislature
would assist and control the president, with functions
it is designed to assimilate to those of the American
chief magistrate.
On all matters of internal legislation, education, re-
ligion, police, public works, and so forth, Dr. Lang
recommends that the respective states of the federation
should be left perfectly free. Dr. Lang entered into
the details of the scheme at great length, and every

_
word was applauded to the echo.
Dr. Lang appears to have been subsequently cast
into prison arbitrarily for some matter of debt, to the
great displeasure of the Melbourne public, who were
raising a subscription to procure his release. The
particulars of the affair are not given in any of the
papers that have reached India.
The mining interest at Adelaide is in a flourishing
state, and the total proceeds of copper-mines during
the last 41 years are estimated at 592,252/. Gold-

washing has commenced with sufficient prospect o

.
success to stop emigration to California. Experi

merits have been made on the sand, from the bZ,d o

he Unkaparinga, a stream south of Adelaide, with a

newly-invented machine, capable of washicg from 25
to 30 tons per day. Two ounces of gold were ob-

.ain6d from 1601 b. of sAnd. Very promising indica

[one of coal have been met with on the south side o

Kangaroo Island. A newspaper in the German lan-
guage, called the Sued-Austratische Zeitung, has been
established in Adelaide, and appears to be conducted
with great ability. I; circulates chiefly among tl.e
Germa❑ immigrants, whose numbers are increasing
fast.

Morgan, medical establishment, at \aiuee Tal, on the orarge yarn Ha arwas per lb. have been obtained for a
21st of Jane; Lieutenant. T. S. Irwin, E.:pueers, at small lot of seveci i al= s. Sales:—
Hazaree'aaugi), on the IC:h of ,Ju:l,-; ptaiu IL 11, arty, 60 bales water twist, 300ib. each, No. 30, at nas. per lb.
62d Native In'aotrj, at sea, on bosrd the Bucaphalms, on 60 ha'cs wa for t wilt, :WO. each, No. 30, at Bas. per lb.
the 2d of February." t 36 hales water twis', 40016. each, No. 30, at Bigs. per lb.
100 bales mule twist. 3001 b. each, Nos. 20, 20 bales, at
annas 61; 30, 30 bales, at annas 811,-; 40, 40 bales, at as.
91, 30, 10 bales, at annas 11 per Ili.
95 bales mule twist, 3001bs. each, Nos. 18, 20, 22, at
auras 6 per lb.
50 bales mule twist, 300Ib. each, Nos. 40, at as. 10
per lb.
7 bales orange yarn, 400:b. each, Nos. 30, 40, 50, at
annas l2il per lb.
Metals.—Copper—An improvement has taken place in
the price of bottoms, sheathing, and brsz.ers. Australian
is in moderate demand, while sales in South American
are with difficulty effected. Iron—Hoop, abet t, and
square nail rod remain as Lefare, while round nail rod
and English bar have slightly advanced in demand and
value since our last. SieZl—Swedish in bar and tubs is
mly and firm; in faggots dull of sale. Lead—Sheet
has somewhat improved, and pig is in rather Letter de-
mand than formerly, though no advance in price has
taken place. _ Spelter has slightly improved in demand
and value during the month.
Cochineal —No transactions reported.
Saffron—Prices la main as before; stocks continue
large, and demand axtremely dull.
Baer—ln Hodg,son's we h :ye not heard of any trans.
actions. The market has bean stripped of Allsop's, 560
hogsheads having been disposed of at 65r. per hogshead,
and sales of 27€ hogsheads "to arrive" have berg
effected at the price paid for what was in the market.
Bass's has also sold to some extent at 65r. per hogshead.
Marine Stores—Oil of linseed and spirits cf turpen-
tine are the only articles under this heed at atl in de-
mand. 200 bolts bleached canvas have been sold at
174 rs. per belt. Cordage and sewing twine are dull. A
sate of 300 cwt. red lead is also reported.
Bottles-100 gross Liverpool, and 200 crates other
kinds, quarts, have been sold at 15a. and 18a. per dozen
respectively.
Corks—A sale of 900 gross, at qrs. per gross, is re.
ported.

Melbourne papers to the 16th of May have been
received in India. They bring intelligence of the
, commencement of an open and determined agitation
of the question of the severance of the Australian
colonies from the mother country. The agitation has
been originated by the Rev. Dr. Lang, a Presbyte-
rian minister and old colonist, who, it will be remem-
bered, published lately in the English papers a
strongly written letter to the Colonial Secretary re-
garding the misusage of their colonies by the Colo-
nial office. Dr. Lang has delivered a long lecture on
the subject at Melbourne, breathing respect for the
(been, and general good-will to England, yet
strongly advocating separation end indepvdence.
Ho recapitulates the leading instances of alleged
mis-usage under which the colonies have
suffered, and like wise puts forward other reasons
of a cogent description for the adoption of that
step, to which he believes Great Britain will
assent, " on a proper representation of the case."
While in England he had comulted men of em-
r.ence in the political world, and received from them
assurances to that effect. His idea of forming a great
political league, in order to bring about the desired
release, was cordially approved by the colonists, and
they informed him that England was now fully pre-
pared for such a movement on the part of her colo-
nies generally, those of them especially that were
able and willing to govern themselves, and to offer
proper terms for the future, and the day for sending
forth British troops to put down insurgent colonies,
and to hold them against their will, was past for ever.
Dr. Lang goes on to recommend the immediate for-
mation of an "Australian League," to consist of all
colonists who pay an entrance fee of 5e., with a
yearly subscription of not less than 10s. The exe-
cutive powers of this body, he proposes, shall be in-
trusted to a president, a vice-president, one or more
secretaries, and a council of fifteen, who will pursue I
the objects set forth in the four following resolu-

EXPORTS.
Opium—The price of best quality Malvva has risen
considerably since our last, and may now be quoted at
1,385r5. to 1,390r5. per chest, at which a large quantity
has been purchased. Stock being low, and good opium
scarce, this rate is likely to continue for some time. The
following is the result of the last Calcutta sale, as re-
ported by the Bengal Hurkaru of the Bth instant:—
We give the results of the ninth opium sale of the
season, which took place at the Exchange this morning:—
Chests. Highest. Lowest. Average. Proceeds.
Behar ... 2,085 1,025 1,015 1,021,3-11 21,29,300
Benares.., 865 1,035 1,025 1,029,4-10 8,90,350
This exhibits another rise in the averages of 20-2-3 r.
for Patna, and 27-7-3 r. for Benares.
Cotton Woel—The purchases during the month
amount to 11,850 bales and 3,325 candles, almost entirely
for the English market. The great demand and high
prices ruling at home have caused the value of all
descriptions at market to ad►ance considerably-7r.
and Br. per candy higher rates having been paid during
the month than were obtainable at the date of our last.
The latest advices from China for the staple were unfa-
vourable, and scarcely any purchases have been made for
that market.
EXCHANGE.—We quote six months' sight bank and
first-class credit bills on London at 2s. Oid., and docu-
ment bills at 2s. Old. On Calcutta, 60 days' sight, par.;
and on China 215 r. per 100 dolls.
FREIGHTS —To London and Liverpool the rate of the
day is 31. per ton; to Cork one vessel has been taken up
at 31. 2s. 6d. per ton; and to China 7ir. to Br. per
candy. The departures of vessels during the month
have been numerous, and the arrivals comparatively
few. There are now in the harbour 30 English vessels,
of which there are on the berth f, r London 4, for Liver-
pool 11, for Cork 3, for Hull 1, and for China 4.
(From the Calcutta Englishman, July 13.)

We have since our last issue to notice an increased
activity in our export market, which has, however,
within the last eight days again received some check by
the aJvanced position taken by exchange, and slightly
increased requirements in freights.
Indigo, of which none is offering, without a trans-
action.

Sugar has continued in extending general inquiry at
the extreme rates ruling on the departure of last mail,
which have in some instances been slightly exceeded.
Saltpetre has commanded a steady share of attention
at firm previous value.
Rice in but partial demand, and former rates main-
tained.
Raw silk less active, buyers being reluctant to accom-
modate themselves to the higher range of requirements
ruling towards the close of last mail.

CoiCabs meet with inquiry for the better kinds only,
which are held for higher prices on the score of the
limited supply.
Oil seeds continue in unabated extensive demand, both
for American and home shipments.
Shellac more inquired after, and prices rather stiffer.
Lac-dye quiet, and the ordinary native sorts obtain-
able at a further small concession in prices.
Safflower, of which the supply is now sensibly falling
off, held to extreme former value.

Jute continues in active inquiry, at extreme pre►ious
rates.

Opium bv, since the sale, slightly declined in Patna,
this sort being sold at 1,015 to 1,017 rs.; but Benares
commands 1,030 rs.
In our import market we have experienced but little
desirable change since cur List, unaltered low prices
ruling without proving any incitement to rouse our na-
tive purchasers from their apathy, the less since our
abundant stocks increase the efforts for realization,

which remain steadily resisted, the large home shipments
during the month of April furnishing buyers with addi-
tional lessons for a determined reserve to go into stocks.
Gray shirtings have, by dint of their depressed prices, met
with tolerably current sales in the ;40-inch kinds, others
being as neglr cted as ever. Gray jacor ets are at the lowest
previous prices in somewhat better demand, v. hick
also applies to madapollams in an improved degree. All
sorts of bleached goods remain dull, and without the
slightest improvement. Dlule twist has continued in
good demand at the full rates prevailing at the close of
last mail. Metals continue neglected, except copper,
which has commanded an improvement of 8 annas,
but within the last few days buyers refuse to meet these
terms.

The money•market in general is unaltered, but the
pressure in the bazaar continues unabated. The Bank
of Bengal has declared a dividend for the past hall-year
of 8 8 per cent. per annum on stock, and shares are in
demand, without sellers.

In Exchange an unusually small amount has been
done, for the want of takers, and rates ruled from 2s. Old.
to 2s. O'd. for six months' sight, credit, and first-class
documeut bills, till within the last week, when the rate
was pushed to 2s. Id., at which some document draughts
were negotiated. Freights have for London further
slightly improved, but rates to Liverpool remain much
the same.

IRELAND.
NEW LAW APPOINTRENTS.—Mr, Baldwin, Q.C., ad-
vising counsel to the Government, has been appointed
one of the judges of the Insolvent,Debtors' Court, in the
room of the later Mr. R. Farrell. Mr. J. Gibson, for-
merly Member for Belfast, is appointed assistant bar-
rister for the Queen's County, in the room of the late
Mr. Schoales.
COLLECToR-GENERAL OP TAXES.—The Lord-Lieu-
tenant has appointed Alderman Staunton, for many
years proprietor of the Dublin weekly Register, to the
office of collector-general of taxes in Dublin, an office
created by the New Municipal Act, and for the
arduous duties of which that gentlemen is eminently
qualified.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SIR,—A paragraph having
Evening's paper, to the effect that a box, containing
contributions to the Peel Fund, had been stolen from my
shall
mfeleglh.mt udeoh appeared in your Friday
obliged by your contradicting
serious injury to me in my
busice3s. The fact i the box in question was concealed
"or up the chimney,
fort a lark." The mountain, there-
fe, has brought
..h a mouse, for the magnified
amount of a few shillings in the box it really no more
than a few pence. And, believe me, with respect, yours,
pthaerlsoaumr,el,
most obediently, J. STURUH,
Acting Manager for Mr. Watson.
Warwick Arms, Pimlico, Sept. 2.

respectable parties
ehFrniasrotyld:
sr!) itnhge,
noseat t the
of sameone
otfi muei
DARING ATTEMPT AT RODBERY.-- Last
about half-past nine o'clock, while three night,
were leisurely walking along London-street, the
hating I y
rather solicitedp
nedheanrtiitT
proached by a man in the guise of a mendicant, who wehaih'
The other two were not so confounded by the fellow's
dence, however, but what they detected the dodge that NPvuft.
being practised on their companion. The apparent beggar,8
u
while holding with one hand his hat immediately before the
npdue
eyes of the party in question, had dexterously contrived to
carry the other, under cover of the hat, to the waistcoat of
the latter, whose watch-chain was dangling conspicuously
there. The scoundrel had got the guard within his hand at
the instant that he was detected; but, on observing the
game to be up, he struck one of the party who attempted to
collar him a violent blow on the face, and, before he could be
stopped, made his escape at full speed by way of the Green.
Two men, who appeared to be acting in concert with him,
though keeping at a small distance, were, however, appre-
hended. One of them is a flesher by trade, and neither are
known to the police.—North lii itish Mail.
Mr. Carlyle, in his last pamphlet, makes two ima-
ginary personages carry on the following dialogue : - " ' What
are bishops?' Overseers of souls.—' What is the soul?' The
thing that keeps the body alive. - How do they oversee
that?' They tie oa a kind of apron, publish charges: I be-
lieve they pray dreadfully, macerate themselves nearly dead
with continual grief that they cannot in the least oversee it."
LINCOLNSHIRE.—An extensive farmer, writing to
a friend in Leeds, says:- "We are now very busy with the
harvest. Wheat has received great damage from mildew,
which I think extends throughout this county, a great part
of it having milling but bran. Barley and oats are also
much lodged from the heavy rains, and I fear will be gene-
rally of inferior quality." - Leeds Mercury.
ACCIDENT ON BEs-Navis.—On Monday last a
young gentleman named Henry Grant, son of Duncan Grant,
Esq., of Newhall, Glasgow, had started with a party of friends
from the Caledonian Hotel to ascend Ben-Nevis, and on the
way down, regardless of their remonstrances, preceded them
by some distance. They followed more leisurely, and on
arriving at the glen, were much surprised at not tindinc, him
there before them. A search was at once instituted, and
about seven o'clock on Tuesday morning, his body was found
lying at the foot of a precipice at the turn of the glen. From
the injuries received the unfortunate gentleman must have
expired instantaneously. He was of most exemplary conduct
and character.— Scotsman,.

EXHIBITION OF 1851.—We understand that the
organisation of local committees throughout the United
Kingdom is now considered to be complete. Eighteen have
been appointed for the metropolis, and 321 for the remainder
of the kingdom.