The Sun.
London, England, 1844-09-17 00:00:00

AMERICAN NEWS.

(Further extracts from the American Papers brought
by the Acadia.)
FROM NICARAGUA.—By the schooner May, Capt.
Knapp, at this port from San Blas, whence she sailed
2d instant, we learn that the port of San Juan was
still blockaded. There was an American brig (name
not recollected) from New York, James Roberts,
master, lying at Blewfield, which Capt. Knapp thinks
will have to return without discharging her cargo.
All the vessels from the straits of Gibraltar and Italy
have been obliged to land their cargoes at Salt Creek.
The British have appointed a Minister and Consul for
the Musquito Shore, who had arrived and taken
charge of the port cf Blewfield, in the name of the
Musquito King's son, and had commenced making
new laws.

A tonnage duty of SO cents per ton will be levied
on all vessels arriving at Blewfield, Penil Key, or
Corn Islands, during the present month of August.
Bocaton and Salt Creek were the only ports of entry
held by the Colombians, and it was generally under-
stood that the English would soon take them in charge
as belonging to the dominions of the Musquito King.
NEW INVENTION.—Mr. James B. Lipp advertises
through the Cincinnatti Gazette, that he has invented
an improvement on the steam-engine--changing its
whole features, simplifying its construction, and ad-
ding a large per cent. to mechanical efficacy.
The officers and crew of the British sloop-of-war
Rose, at New Orleans, rescued eleven gentlemen from
a boat which had capsized in the harbour on Sunday
week. The Rose is said to be the first vessel of war
that has visited the harbour of New Orleans since 1817.

FIREMEN'S RIOTS.—The Philadelphia papers state
that on Saturday evening, about nine o'clock, in con-
sequence of the ringing of an alarm bell in the
southern part of the city, a general alarm of fire was
raised, which drew the Fairmount Engine Company
in the district of Southwark. Great excitement pre-
vailed, as a conflict between the VVeccaco Hose and
Fairmount Engine Companies was feared. At the
corner of Second and Catherine-streets a fight en-
sued between two or three persons, in which the
Fairmount took part. For a time dreadful conse-
quences were threatened ; the residents in the neigh-
bourhood became alarmed and closed their houses.
Finally, however, without any serious results, the
Fairmount proceeded out of the district, when the
excitement subsided. These difficulties, in part, grow
out of a single city being divided into several muni-
cipal governments. Fire-engines belonging to one
district create jealousy in coming into another, and
riots ensue. Nothing but the most thorough reform
on every exciting topic and subject which legal mea-
sures can reach can save that city from such out-
breaks.

HAITI.--By the brig Republic, Captain Smith,
which arrived here last night, eleven days from Port-
au-Prince, we have papers and letters to her day of
sailing. Although the island was tranquil, yet serious
fears of further disturbances were entertained by those
acquainted with the movements going on among the
people.
LATE FROM MEXICO.—The New Orleans Pica-
yune of 18th instant records the arrival there of the
British sloop-of-war Rose from Vera Cruz, whence
she sailed on the Bth instant, bringing papers from
the city of Mexico to 25th July only. The Rose
was dispatched to New Orleans with the English
mails which were intended for the steamer 'fay,
which ran aground on the Collorados on her way to
Havannah. The officers of the Rose reported that the
health of Vera Cruz had much improved, the fever
having materially abated. Santa Anna has placed
the remains of the brave and ill-fated Gen. Sentma-
nat at the disposition of his friends in the United
States. This is but an act of proper respect to the
memory of the dead and to the feelings of the living.
Gen. Ampudia sailed from Tobasco on the 14th of
July, and on the 16th arrived at Vera Cruz. It ap-
pears that both the French and Spanish Ministers at
Mexico addressed the liveliest protestations against
the summary execution of the subjects of their
.re-
spective nations at Tobasco. The President shows
himself resolutely bent on enforcing the law against
the exportation of specie, whether gold or silver, which
shall not have paid the duty imposed by law, and he
calls upon his custom-house officers to exercise the
utmost vigilance in the premises. Nothing about the
designs of Mexico towards Texas.
Tam WAR ON TEXAS.—In less than three months

the Mu' can army in three divisions will invade
'texas. The Indian warriors on our borders and in
our south-western territories will naturally desire te
take part in this contest, and will light up the torch
of a fierce and savage war, unless prevented by the
timely interposition of our Government. United
States troops should be stationed all along our
southern frontier, with instructions to prevent the
savages of Western Texas, Santa Fe, and Mexico
from committing depredations upon our citizens.
The election for President of Texas takes place on
the first Monday in September. Burleson and Jones
are the candidates. The first is in favour of annexa-
tion, the latter against it. Jones is supported by the
influence of Houston, now President; but it is be-
lieved the popularity of Burleson will elect him.
Jones is openly in favour of an alliance with Eng-
land, and the establishment of a policy unfavourable
to the interests of the United States.
MEXICO AND TEXAS.—It was stated in our paper
of yesterday, that a messenger had passed through
Corpus Christi with dispatches from the Mexican
Government to that of Texas. The dispatches, it is
. .

to be presumed, consist of papers already published
in this country, announcing the revival of a state of
hostilities between Mexico and Texas, and particu-
larly the proclamation of General Woll, addressed
specially to President Houston, a translation of which
appeared in the papers of this city. It is reported,
however, in the Galveston Civilian, that " a renewal
of negotiations is also invited under good auspices ;"
and we shall not be surprised if this prove to be a
fact. We have no belief in the sincerity of Santa
Anna's pretended preparations for an invasion of Texas, '
and think it quite possible that while he is amusing
his countrymen with formidable preparations for war,
he is seeking elsewhere an apology for delaying active
hostilities.—N. 0. Bulletin, Aug. 16.
MEXICO AND TEXAS.—The New Orleans Re-
publican says :—" We learn verbally that 4,000 troops
stationed at the city of Mexico have received march-
ing orders to form part of the army for the Texas in-
vasion, as well as 3,000 from Jalapa, and the various
contingents from the departments are rapidly arriving.
We are also authentically informed that a merchant of
Vera Cruz has contracted with the Mexican Govern-
ment to build eight gun-boats, of 80 tons each, to
be employed in transporting troops and operating
against Galveston and other portions of the sea board
of Texas."

FROM TEXAS.—SICKNESS.—An arrival at New
Orleans brings dates to the 7th instant from Galves-
ton, the 6th from Houston, and 28th ultimo from Ma-
tagorda. The only news is that the yellow fever has
been prevailing to a considerable extent in Galveston
for some time past, being principally confined to the
German emigrants.
ENGLAND, TEXAS, AND MEXICO.—The Houston
(Texas) Telepraph of Wednesday, July 31, contains
the following paragraph :
" We now learn upon the authority of Captain
Elliott himself that England had advised Mexico
under no circumstances to acknowledge the indepen-
dence of Texas, but to keep up an armistice with her
as long as possible ; and in case a successful attempt
at annexation between the United States and Texas
took place, then to go to war, and England would back
her in the contest.' This confirms us in the opinion
we have long entertained, that our independence will
never be acknowledged by Mexico while there is a
prospect of annexation. England will resist this mea-
sure as long as it can be resisted by diplomacy. And
our Government journal admits that the influence
of England over Mexico is almost, if not entirely un-
bounded.' "

Mexico is believed to be on the verge of another re-
volution. A letter from the city of Mexico, dated 31st
July, contains the extraordinary announcement that
Santa Anna and the officers of the army have agreed
to suspend the functions of the Constitutional Go-
vernment during the war on Texas, leaving the supreme
control of the Republic in the hands of General
Santa Anna, with power to force contributions of men
and money to sustain the war. It was considered pro-
bable that the National Congress would be summarily
dismissed by the President.
LATER FROM ST. KITT'S.—We learn from Cap-
tain Babbage, of the barque Tiede, 12 days from
St. Kitt's, that the day previous to his leaving, there
was a very heavy hurricane there. Two British
brigs were in port at the time, one of which parted
both chains, put to sea, and arrived at St. Thomas,
leaving her captain on shore. The other parted one
chain cable, but brought up by the other anchor
within cable length of the shore. When Captain B.
came out, the schooner Laura had dragged her
anchors till she was near the shore ; but succeeded
in getting them, and proceeded to sea.
FROM MATANZAS.—Capt. Lawless, of the schooner
Robert Mills, at this port, from Matanzas 18th inst.,
reports that on the morning of his leaving Matanzas,
Vargas, the intended mulatta General-in-Chief of the
contemplated insurrection, was shot with another of
his accomplices. Capt. Lawless reports very bad
prospects for the coming crop, which will be at least
from one third to one half short.—Providence Journal.

Extract of a letter of Captain J. L. Loberts, of the
brig Ursula, at Bluefields, Musquito shore, South
America :—" This port is now in possession of the
English, and a British flag flying here. A tonnage
duty of 50 cents per ton on all vessels trading here or
any part of the Musquito shore, is to go in force on
the 31st of August of the present year. An English
man-of-war has been here and landed a Governor and
some arms. It appears they are going to take pos-
session of the coast as far down as .Boco del Toro.
The report here is, that the man-of-war has gone
down to blockade Salt Creek."
Lirsxi.—Advices to the Bth of June have been re-
ceived at Baltimore. General Vivanco had retreated
to Arequipa, pursued by General Castilla. It was
feared that Vivanco would embark for the North and
not give battle, which would prolong the war for
several months. Business dull at Lima.

MONTEVIDEO, JULY I.—This city is still be-
sieged by land and water, by the combined forces of
the Argentine Republic, under the command of Ad-
miral Brown and General Oribe. The city is aiostly
defended by French volunteers numbering but little
over three thousand ; and the besiegers are not nume-
rous enough to dispossess them ; but having entire
possession of the surrounding country, they are able to
cut off supplies of fresh beef, &c., and occasionally are
fortunate enough to capture a straggler, who, if he
happens to be a Frenchman, is sure to lose his head
soon after.

The English and French have hero very respectable
squadrons, watching the movements of both parties—
the commander of the latter has by proclamation with
drawn his protection from all Frenchmen who have
taken up arms in this war and refused to lay them
down again.
The Matagorda Dispatch states that from all por-
tions of the country borderivg on the Colorado and
Caney rivers, and most of Western Texas the ac-
counts of the crops are most flattering, and cotton
picking has commenced under most promising pros-
pects of quantity and quality„ and no sickness existed
there up to that date.
We do not find a word about the annexation ques-
tion or the relations with Mexico.

LATE FROM THE BAHAMAS.—We have a file of
the .Nassau (New Providence) Gazette of the 14th
inst. There is no news. The Royal Mail Company's
steam-packet Tay, Hayden, with mails for Bermuda
and England, left Nassau on the 10th. She brought
to Nassau some passengers from Hnvannah, who were
compelled to leave Cuba in consequence of suspected
participation in the late insurrectionary movements.—
New York paper.
FROM RIO GRANDE.—The brig Nimble, Ferrell,
arrived this morning from Rio Grande, which place
she left on the 2d July. The rebels were not quiet,
but still strong and numerous in arms, and often cap-
turing villages and considerable towns.—Baltimore
Patriot.

The Mexican authorities are teurulting sailors for
their navy very rapidly in all the Mexican ports on
the Gulf. With these it is intended to act against
Texas. The rate of wages paid is said to be so high
as to tempt the cupidity of English and even American
sailors, from whom thus far almost all the recruits
have been made.

FROM Nauvoo.—We have intelligence from Nau-
voo to the sth instant. All was quiet. It appears
that the reports of the appearance of Joe Smith and
the appointment of his son as prophet are false, and
originated in a desire to injure the Mormons abroad.
Sidney Rigdon had returned to Nauvoo from Pitts-
burg, and preached to the people on the 4th instant.
In consequence of the death of Samuel Smith, Joe's
brother, since the death of the prophet, Sidney Rigdon
will be chosen Patriarch of the Mormon flock. Ile
is their master spirit, and will make a shrewd and
energetic leader. There are five widows of the Smith
family now living in Nauvoo; the mother of all, and
the late wives of Joe, Hiram, and their two brothers
Accessions to the Mormon strength continue to be
quite large. In Nauvoo the usual activity is apparent,
and the temple is steadily going up in its unique
form and shape. Its style of architecture is of the
pure Mormon order.

THE HARVEST IN ScomAND.—The weather is so
dry, and so admirably adapted for carrying on and com-
pleting the labours of the harvest, that we have nothing
in the shape of complaint to make, and can only repeat
what is now pretty well known—that the crop is not
more satisfactory in respect of bulk than in yield and
quality. Every variety of grain, upon every variety (
soil, has been successful; and although an occasional
thin field may be seen, they form the exception to the
general rule. In this neighbourhood, reaping is all but at
an end ; and in the latter districts, in the neighbourhood
of Linlithgow, it is fully half over. Much is already
in the stack-yard in the finest condition, and a week or
ten days of such weather as we have enjoyed for some
days past, will secure the whole crop in all the earlier
districts of Scotland.—Scotsman.
BELFAST AND BALLYMENA RAILWAY.--We are
gratified in learning that, of the 7,500 shares to be
issued for this undertaking, more than one-half have
already been taken—a considerable number of them by
English capitalists. It is scarcely a fortnight since the
prospectus fiat appeared.--Banner Ulster.