The Sun.
London, England, 1868-06-27 00:00:00

;N ON, SATURDAY EVENING, JUNE 27, 1868.

THE- -.5111,-

ROMAN AFFAIRS.

(From the Rona' Correspondent of the Westminster Uazette.)
ROME, June 20 .

Wednesday was the anniversary of the ac-
cession of the Pope, on which occasion a (1
Papale is held in the Sistine Chapel.
Cardinal Reisach sang the Mass ; after it his
Holiness received the congratulations of the
Cardinals; for whom Cardinal Patrizi, Dean
of the S. College, was spokesman. The sense
of his address was, that after witnessing so
lately the signal proofs of guardianship which
God has thrown round His Church, it was im-
possible to donbt of the ultimate triumph of
the Holy Sec. The Pope received their good
wishes with undisguised emotion, bid them be
of good cheer, told them that the struggle be-
tween good and evil was no new thing—it dated
from the foundation of the world; neither was
it strange that it should make itself felt with
the most intense violence in Rome, where it
was but to be expected the enemy of the human
race should strive to make of the centre of
Catholic unity a centre of abomination. He
finally exhorted them to be fervent in prayer,
and abound in good works, and in all things
worthy of the Holy City.
The celebration of the anniversary of the
coronation is observed with greater ceremony
on the 21st, the senator, municipality, and
the corps diplomatique, attend to offer their
congratulations, and the town is illuminated
for two evenings. The Consistory will be
held the next day. In addition to the matter
of the Council, and the Austrian question, as
I have already stated, several bishops will be
nominated, including three or four for Mexico.

The sentences, not in themselves heavy,
lately passed by the Tribunal of the Consulta
on the persons variously implicated in the affair
of last autumn, will be many of them com-
muted on this occasion, among them being
Pagliano Sacchi, of Viterbo, whom the Flo-
rence papers falsely announced had been con-
demned to death. A merciful and liberal
arrangement maybe, but one which is likely
to make additional work for the army.

Already enlisting dep3ts are again in full
activity as last autumn at Orvieto, Terni,
Rieti, and all along the frontier, putting forth
every endeavour to lure the young and rest-
less into their snares. They afford a safe re-
treat, too, for the disbanded remnants left to
their own. resources by the rout at Mentana
and the brigands who are being vigorously
hunted out of the Papal territory. The popu-
lation looks on with a jealous eye, and there
are plenty who keep Government well informed
of all that is going on._

Our troops have had several smart encoun-
ters with the brigands lately, for this is the
season of the year most favourable to the mode
of life necessary to their career. The most
audacious band was that of one Bianchi, who
made Velletri its centre of operations. The
week before last he sent an order to the to-
bacconist of Lariana, a village in the neigh-
bourhood, to. send him a supply of tobacco and
ten scuds in money. The tobacconist, instead
of satisfying his demand, applied to the gen-
darmes for protection, and when the band
came to gather in the forced loan, they found
a party of soldiers ready to receive them.
The brigands were in stronger force than was
expected, and the major part contrived to
make good their escape, having killed the
brigadier of the troop. About the same time
they had kidnapped a lad, the son of a tailor,
at Velletri, and demanded a heavy ransom
for him of• his father, which the poor fellow
only met by the greatest privations. On Satur-
day, the band was known to be in the woods
of Caserta, on the borders of the Pontine
Marshes. While a detachment of Zouaves and
gendarmes was beating the wood, a shepherd,
from whom Bianchi had taken a little barrel of
wine, brought information of the position of
his party to the military, who came upon them
as they were drinking under the trees. The
brigands, ever on the alert, and moreover well
armed, and probably trained to some know-
ledge of fighting in the ranks of our invaders
last year, made a desperate resistance. Bianchi,
however, received his death-wound from the
musket-ball of a Belgian corporal of Zouaves.
Two others were killed and two wounded, the
rest being either taken or dispersed.

The dead bodies were carried into Velletri
in a buffalo cart, to be exposed in the public
piazza. The lad they had captured recognized
them at'once, and great was the rejcicmo• ° of
the people at the deliverance, and great the
popularity of the military.
Bianchi wore a dress which would not dis-
grace the wardrobe of a first-class theatre.
Round the crown of his high-pointed hat he
carried a twist of ribbons of many colours,
from the ends of which hung a number of
rings, the result of his depredations. In his
pockets were found between two and three
thousand scudi.
Another of the fellows who was wounded
slightly feigned his death agony so cleverly,
and prayed so earnestly to be left to breathe
his last as he lay on the ground, that a mer-
ciful gendarme did his best to compose him to
rest, and left him at peace. The troops were,
however, but a little distance on their way
when he was seen to start to his feet and make

good his escape with remarkable strength of
limb.

Eight or ten Garibaldian emissaries, de-
nounced by the men of the company of
Cacciatori, stationed at Civita Castellana, for
tampering with them, endeavouring to obtain
information from them, and induce them to
desert, were sent up last week to Castel S.
Angelo.
Twenty-seven Canadian volunteers for the
Zonaves arrived here on Wednesday.
The heavy rains on the mountains for more
than a week past have delayed the troops en-
tering into their camp at Rocca di Papa.
Some of the huts have been washed away, and
all the approaches rendered almost impractic-
able. We may expect a steady season of fine
weather after this, when the mischief will be
speedily repaired. The Roman Legion and the
Cacciatori will be the first to take up their
quarto: s there ; they will. be accompanied by
their excellent chaplain, Mgr. Bastide.
Cardinal Borromeo took possession on Mon-
clay, being S. Vito's day, of his titular Church
of SS. Vito e Modesto, near the arch of Gal-
lienus. It occupies the site of the 3iacellun2
Livianum, named after his consort by Augustus,
who founded it. Afterwards it was popularly-
called .21rlacellion, Martyrum, because it had be-
come the scene of many martyrdoms, and it
yet preserves among its treasures a pietra
scelerata, a stone on which many holy martyrs
were killed. Stephen 111. opened it for Chris-
tian worship in 768, and S. Gregory I. made
it a Cardinal-deacon's title. The last to bear
it was Cardinal Tosti, who died three or four
years ago. He did a good deal for the em-
bellishment of the place, but it is thought
Cardinal Borromeo will do more to develop
the interest of this most interesting relic of
antiquity. The precincts are very small, and
could scarcely contain the throng of attendant
clergy and people, though access was only
given sparingly and by tickets.

lADVEttrlsEmsx7.]—Avc.)iti Medicates: they al :vats aggravate
chronic c:implaAuts: but Da Barry's delicious health-restoring
Beva.enta Ar.thica Food, which yields three times the nour.sh-
mem of the bent moat, saves 50 times its cost in other retne,dies.
an 1 invariably restores perfect digestion, strong nerves, sound
lungs, healthy liver, pure blood, refreshing sleep, functional
regularity, an:' energy to the Most disordered or enfeebled. We
extract a few out of 63.000 cures;—"The Pope's health restored
by Do Barry's Food. Cure No. 63,413. " Borne, July 21, 1863.
—The health of the Holy Father is excellent, especially since,
abandoning all other men:' lies, he has contin2d himself entirely
to Do Barry's Rev:Ale:Mt Arable:l, Food of which he
aOa tend at every meal. It la,, cr,.4twed a surprisingly bene-
ficial effect on his health, and his tidiness cannot phase this excel
lent f, ,otl too highly." From the " Gazette du Midi, July 25 Cure
•.216, of the Marchioness de Brehan, of seven years' liver
complaint, wasting away, debility, nervousness, with a nervous
palpitation all over, bad digestion, constant sleeplessness, and
the most intolerable nervous agitation.." Cure No. 1,771; Lord
.•;tuar: de Decies, Lor,l Lieatenant of Waterford, of many years'
dyspepsia. No. 43,832: " Fifty years indescribable agop:, from
dyspepsia., nervousness, asthma., cough. constipation, flatulency.
spasm,:, sickness, roil vomiting.—Maria, July."—Cure No.
t 3,370: Mr. James It ;tens, of Frimley, Surrey, of 3) years'
11:4eased lungs, spitdug of blood, liver derangement, and
partial dealae•;s. Important Caution.—Beware of the many
unsavoury and more than sloppy imitations to which, without
authority, Baron Liebig's name is most audaciously attached
In tins, at Is. 1 d.;. 1 lb , 2s 9.1 ; 2 lbs., 4s. 6d. ' • 5 lbs ,
12 lbs , 22s ; 24 be , 40s —BAitRY no BARRY and CO., No. 77,
Regent-street, London; also Fortnum and Mason, 182, Picca-
dilly, and at 61, Graceehurch-street; 4, Cheapside; 63, 150, and
258, Oxford-street; 3t;o, Strand; and all grocers and chemists.--

iIERISTIC AL ESTABLISIIMENTS.

In the desire to effect the disestab!isliment
of the Protestant Church in Ireland, Cathelics,
before all things, ought to be on their guard
that Catholic principles on the relations be-
tween the Civil and the Supernatural Powers,
suffer no detriment. There is no small danger
lest in the coming contests the great maxims
sanctioned by the Church should, either
through ignorance be overlooked altogether,
or perverted out of party spirit. Catholics
cannot lawfully make such a sacrifice to please
either Whigs or Tories, to abolish or to pre-
serve the Irish Establishment. It is one of
our privileges as Catholics to be consistent,
not to have two weights and measures ; it is
one of our advantages to possess a chart to
guide us on questions of principle, when our
opponents are too often hopelessly at sea.
Nothing is more distressing, therefore, than
to see Catholics forego their advantages, and,
in imitation of their more luckless neigh-
bours, beat about for a view or a principle.
In the Tablet of last week, for instance, we see
statements put forward that there are a cer•
tain number of Catholics in Englan I and
Ireland who adopt the un-Catholic theory of
the Weekly Register, to which several weeks
ago we called attention, that the union between
the Catholic Church and the State is, except
in the Papal States, essentially evil. This
view the Tablet calls intelligible, and skil-
fully endeavours to contrast to its own ad-
vantage a theory condemned by the Church
with its own grotesque theory that the Ency-
clical and Syllabus forbid the destruction
of heretical Establishments. We believe in
truth that the Catholics of these kingdoms
repudiate alike the condemned theory put for-
ward by the Weekly Register as to the separa-
tion of Church and State, and the grotesque
absurdities about the Syllabus advanced by the
Tablet as an argument on behalf of the Irish
Establishment.

Putting aside the Whig pririciple and the
Tory plea, English and Irish Catholics, with
honest and intelligible straightforwardness,
will be found, we believe, to declare them-
selves against the maintenance of an unjust
and heretical Establishment in Ireland, and
in favour of the union and co-operation in
Catholic countries of the Civil and Spiritual
Powers. They do not cease to regard as
a crime the conduct of the revolutionary
State in Italy towards the Church, in casting
her out of the government of the country,
and delivering over the people to the guid-
ance of a godless rule. Such an act on the
part of those now in power in Italy is a vio-
lation of justice and of the principle that
the Civil Power is bound, out of regard
to the highest end for which it was insti-
tuted by God, to seek the aid and guidance,
and submit to the decrees of the Superna-
tural Power, in all matters affecting the moral
and spiritual interests of its subjects. Catho-
lics can never agree to the irreligious principle
that the Civil Power, caring only for the
material interests and the police government
of a nation, should forego all active co-opera-
tion with the Supernatural Order in the higher
aims of life. But such a co-operation can
only be fully and cordially effected by a close
and intimate alliance between the two powers.
It is no argument against this union that
abuses have too often crept in and injured
the end it was meant to serve. The union be-
tween Church and State has been likened to.
matrimony, but the abuses which have some-
times dishonoured matrimony are no argu-
ments against the institution. Of course,
where the- State apostatizes, there can be no
union between itself and the Church, but the
State is nevertheless bound, according to its
lights, to promote the spiritual welfare of its
subjects. But, on the other hand, there is no
obligation imposed upon subjects to accept a
creed or a church at the hands of the Civil
Power. Men are only bound to accept religi-
ous truth from the Supernatural Power imme-
diately ordained of God for the purpose of
teaching the nations, and hence it is, and
under a mistaken sense of duty, that conflict
may arise, and confusion in some minds, as is,
perhaps, the case now, in regard to the Irish
Establishment. But the State, an apostate
from the Supernatural Power, has no right to
enforce a false religion on a Catholic people.
To do so is a violation of justice, as well as
an act of direct rebellion against the Church
of God. Heretical establishments have no
right as against Catholics. If they be tolerated,
it is only out of expediency, or out of appre-
hension lest their removal should clearly lead
to worse results than their maintenance. To
appeal, in their behalf, to Catholic princi-
ples, to the teaching of the Encyclical and
Syllabus, is an absurd fiction, or a hollow
pretext. Even the religious principle, in
Government, which in some sort the Anglican
Establishment represents, may be too dearly
bought by impressing on the national mind a
false and degraded idea of religion. For the
religion which the Anglican Establishment now
presents as the ideal of perfection to the people,
a more and
humanmore
opinion ndo
g-
in
the place of Divine revelation. By aiding in
ism aatsiscueinhianrgacetveerr, yandday putting
the abolition of such an Establishment, Catho-
lics are not so much weakening a Catholic
principle as giving a blow to religious Liberal-
ism in its securest stronghold, and clearing the
way for the entrance of a higher idea of religion
into the national mind.

44 At any rate, in these discussions let us re-
sist the attempt to throw dust into the eyes
of Catholic electors, let the issues be clearly
and plainly put, and we have not the slightest
doubt that the Catholics of these kingdoms
will do their duty in the coming elections,
without in the least transgressing Catholic
principles. In aiding in the abolition, then, of
the Irish Establishment, Catholics are not, as
we have shown, giving support to the con-
demned theory of the separation of Church
and State. Neither in supporting Mr. Glad-
stone's Resolutions against the heretical estab-
lishment in Ireland, are they identifying them-
selves in principle or making common cause
with Garibaldi and the Italian revolution, in
the impious attempt against the civil rights
and status of the Catholic Church in Italy,
.or
acting in any manner, as is pretended, against
the teaching of the Syllabus. What they are
doing is simply to aid in removing an heretical
establishment, forced by violense on .a Catholic
nation, and maintained only by an act of flag-
rant injustice. Far from encouraging more-
over, religious liberalism by this act, the
abolition of such establishments will greatly
lessen its hold and influence on the country.
On every motive, then, Catholics, undeterred
by phantom objections evoked from the Syl-
labus; may act together, and combine with
others for the overthrow of the Irish Establish-
ment.—Westininster Gazette.

The pine apple crop in the West Indies has never
been finer than this year. Already 72,000 dozen have
been imported to New York, the value of which is stated
to be $138,210, and the aggregate retail value at $345,600,
including bananas and cocoa nuts. The whole value of
importation this season is estimated at about $1,000,000.
On the first of next month the disbursement of
geld by the United States Government will be unprece-
dentediy large. The total is stated at £7,800,000, and pro-
bably at least a fourth of this will be on European account.
The sum of .£1,700,000 is required to pay off G per Cent.
Stock now falling due, and which is largely held on this
side, and the balance is for the July coupons on various
other issues. The total shipments of specie from Now
York since the 14 of January have al •ea ly been heavier
this year than iu the corresponding period of any preced-
ing year. They have amounted to £3,150,0, t, whieh i.
almost exactly d,mble the total to the same date in 1d37.
The largest previous shipments were in 1860, when from
January to June they amounted to £7,509,000.
I ADVERTISEMENT.] —Tiol!oway's Pills. -Dismiss your
Doubts.—Let no one be-long-r oppress,ed with the notion
that his malady is incuralA till these purifying pills have
had a fair trial. Where ordinary preparations have failed
these pill; have been used with the most marked success.
A course of this admirable me liciue clears the blood from
all impurities and improves its quality. The whole eye
tent is thus benefited through the usual channels without
reduction'of strength, shock to the nerves, or any other
inconvenienee ; in fact, health is renewed by natural means.
For curi,tig diseases of the throat, windpipe, and chest,
these las have pre-eminently established a world-wide
fame ; and in complaints of the stomach, liver, and kidneys
they are equally efficacious.

MISCELLANEOUS NEWS.

(From the Anglo-America:l Tinrs)

Among the bills just passel by Congress is one
prolonging the existence of the Freedmen's Bureau
for another year. Another of interest has been
intro.luced to divi.le Texts into three S'ate.-3. On
this subject the Spring,i2lllZ-vublican thus writes :

" The division proposed in the bill will follow the gene-
ral line of the Trinity and Colorado rivers ; the eastern
section, bounded west by the former river; to be called
East Texas; the south-western, bounded north by the
Colorado, South Texas ; and the central, and much the
larger portion, retaining the name and present State Go-
vernment of Texas. The reasons and advantage
urged in favour of the p trtition at this-time are that the
people of the State desire it, and have petitioned for it,
and that the State Constitutional Convention is circa ly in
session and the preliminaries for the organisation of the
new States can be much more readily and satisfactorily
accomplished than at any other time. The bill provides
that the present delegates shall form the new constitu-
tions, which shall be ratified, and the States admitted in
the same general terms as the Reconstructing States.
.The
project of dividing Texas has long been ono of Thad.
Stevens's pets, and he has taken an opportunity favour-
able for its success."

Three revolutionary movements are progressing
in Mexico against Juarez, and gieretaro, strangely
enough, is the healqu irters of that in favour of
Santa Anna. The tern others who heal the more
extensive movements are Ortega and Porfirio Diaz,
but besides these there are numerous minor revolts.
Diaz has been removed from his divisional com-
mand, and Santa Anna was reported to be organiz-
ing an expedition at Brownsville in support of the
rising in his favour at Qaaretaro. A band of 700
Juarists were cut to pieces in Campeache by the
Indians. Juarez, besides the internal troubles, has
to meet urgent demands made by the United States
creditors of Mexico, an 1 the best way he can do
this is to adopt the spendthrift's system and ask fur
more; and for this purpose we venture to say he
has sent Romero to Washington.
General Buchanan announced on the 6th inst.
the result of the Municipal elections iu Louisiana,
and directed the installation of the New Orleans
officials on the 10th instant, and these of other
cities on the seventh day after the receipt of the
order. Bat Mayor Heath, who was appointed by
Sheridan, refused to give up the office to Conway,
the Mayor elect. Heath was arrested, but paroled
on Conway being put into possession. Ile affirms
the illegality of General Buchanan's, action as
Congress had confirmed his appointment. General
Buchanan has been flying at higher game in that
hotbed of political and municipal suabbles, New
Orleans. Ile is at open war with the Board of Re-
gistration, wh contrary t) his orders, notified to
the newly elected State officials that the new Con -
stitution requires them to take possession of their
offices on June 15, alel also directing the recently
elected Legislature to meet on the 221, without
waiting for Gen. Bishanan's promised order. The
Board Was arrested, bat released on orders
from Washington, and Congress will have to
settle the dispute. The Texas Constitutional
Convention has passed a resolution asking
Congress to allow it to appoint boards of registra-
tion, in order to avoid the interference of the
General,. whom 80:113 of the members denounce as a
" Copperhead." The full vote in the recent Florida.
election was 21,319 in a total registration of 31,498,
and the Republican majority was 4,026. The
Republican majority in: the Legislature on joint
ballot is 30. Democratic State Conventions
were held in New Jersey on the 10th
instant, as well as is Tennessee. The latter
declares for green-back redemption and for taxi,-
tion of the bonds, but the former denounces all
forms of repuliation, insisting upon the good faith
of the Government being maintained both at home
and abroad, and demands the gold pay neat of the
public debt. Delegates were chosen to the New York
National Convention, and a resolution passed that
New Jersey would feel honoured by the nomination
of Ju Igo Joel Parker for the Presidency. The
Democratic Conventions of Connecticut and New
Hampshire have also elected delegates. The Con-
necticut delegates are directed to vote for Ilancoek
or Chase, but not for Pendleton.
Tae Western Uaioa Telegr ipli Company sub-
mitted their case to Judge Porter, who, after a
thorough ex iminatioti of the law on the subject,
gives it as his opini )n that the powers of Congress
are supreme and indisputable, an 1 that, therefore,
leg illy, the Impeachment M viagers had the right
to seiz ; and tl3'3 private telegrams. Now, knowing
such to be the law, it is proposed to introduce a
system for the protection of cuito.ners from the
seizure of their priv ite messages. Tee plan is to
give receipts feoni the sender and receiver, to secure
the company against litigatiotat; the sender then
withdrawing the confidential message, instead of, as
before, leaving it in the company's possession, when
no evidence of the contents of the despatch wonl 1
remain in the office. It is strange to find private
corporations devising schemes to protect their clients
from the despotic.acts of Congress.
A dis;ussion has been carried on in America re-
garding the right of criticising the vote of the Senate
as.a Court of Impeachment. The constitution of the
Court is so unusual and exceptional that much might
be said on both sides, but we hold to the ruling of.
Chief Justice Cockburn in Risk Allah's case versus
the Daily Teleyrap7t, that the public are bound to
accept the verdict of a jury in a criminal case, as
people at a distance who do not see thee taiinatioa of
witnesses as well as hear, cannot be fully informed
by any report, and therefore, presuming the brains
to be qua', they cannot be so well qualified to
deliver an opinion. It is clear from this case that
a man whose in locence was conclusively proved
may be represented to all England as a murderer,
simply because a correspondent of a very powerful
organ conceived the idea that he was guilty. Now
this is manifestly unfair, for the man is then tried
by two tribunals. It is useless also to discuss the
verdicts of acquittal in criminal cases unless it be
susceptible of proof that the jury was bribed, and
we cannot see what good is likely to result from
abusing the Republican Senators who voted against
conviction. Until they are shown to have had cor-
rupt motives the presumption is that they had not
only pure motives, but were nicking a great sacri-
fice to conscience and duty, and for once we ap-
prove of the New York " m)b of roughs" who
compelled the gribsse to take down the list of
these SenatOrs' names which had been pasted up
under the head of " Traitors."
We have so often alluded to ;the Colorado River
that those who read this paper cannot fail to have
some knowle age of its hitherto- obscure course. The
citizens of California and. Nevada have lately been
working earnestly to utilize it for the development
of the Pacific States.. Steamers were placed on its
waters, and now a company has been formed with
a capital of $1,500,000 to construct a railway from a
point in Southern Nevada-where the Central Pacific
Railroad runs along the valley of the Humboldt
to the head of the river navigation. This will open

a Southern exit for Ora and bring rising localities
into comparatively easy communication with the
world. We regard the project as one of vast im-

portance, and as calculated to give a great spur to
the industrial progress of the mining States. The
rapid growth of that portion of the world may be
gathered from the fact that during May 6,000 pas-

sengers arrived at San Francisco from New York,
the largest number ever known during an equal

period.

Talking of Nevada, there is a pretty little propo

sition More Congress for a Glverament grant of
$5,000,000 for a s3ven•mle tunnel, the inue4-
tal.ked of Satro, to reach tha fa.UOll3 GYII3tOCk lode.
Massachusetts titni,—Take warning by tic
an 1 h3war3 of tannel3! Th 2 propos.d is
for tha Gove,rainmt to 133a3 b0n.:13 to the extent of

ii3OACUO, to bc p til at the rate of i;15,00) for
..3vvry litudred feet completed and accepte I. Every-

thing appertaining to the tunnel will be m3rtgage 1
for the relemption of these bonds, to be made pay-
able in twenty yews. It is calculate I that the
tunnel will be cn:npletel in four years, -when the
revenue will be so large that in less than anether
four years the whole can be refunded.
Secretary S;warl has returned to Sweet
_Auburn
after making as much capital as he could out of his
Chinese " lions." 113 is annoyed with Count Bis-
marck, who, acting on his suggestion to mark the

displeasure or his :11•ijesty at B3rlia, recalled Baron
Kusserow for fighting the duel, but promoted him

to be first Secretary of Legation to the Embassy at '
Lonclen. That there might be no mistake about
the intention, Count Lothun, who took the part o!
second in the affair, gets the post vacated by Kus-
serow. This is what the North Germanic Govern-
ment thinks of duelling. Baron Holstein was Baron
Kusserow's predecessor at Washington, and he
recalled on account of his intimacy with the family
of a leading Senator.
Cyrus W. Field dinel with the Cobden Club, as
a guest, at the Ship Hotel, Greenwich, last Wed-
nesday evening. The arrangements for the Grand
Banquet to this celebrated gentleman have pro-
4reased in a way highly satisfactory to his friends
tnd his a Imirers. Lard Russell, Sir Jelin Faking-
ton, and Sir Stafford Northcote, have signified their
intention of taking part in the proceedings. Tue
names give the best proof of the estimation in which
Mr. Field is held, embracing as they do not only
those renowned in every path of science and litera-
ture, but known to hold every shade of opinion.
The Banquet takes place next Wednesday at Willis's
Rooms, and for many days applications for places
have been refused for want of accommodation, some
330 having been taken.
The Commissioner of Internal Revenue, E. A.
Rollins, has written a letter to the Secret iry of the
Treasury, which shows a deplorable position of
affairs iu that Department. In resigning his office
he states as the reason, that while he remains he is
made responsible for the failures of revenue officers
whose incompetence and dishonesty he 1113 fully
shown, though he is powerless to remove them or to
check their acts. He intimates that after the Phila-
delphia Convention of 1866 there were numerous
removals of assessors an I collectors of internal re-
venue throtuliont the country for political con-
siderations, which struck a sad blow 0 the reputa-
tion andefficiency of theservice as commissioner. He,
.would have resigned long ago, but yielded to
the • judgment of friend; wh thought that
' the public interests would be prom )ted by
his remaining in office. All the nominations
since have been made without reference to
his opinion of their fitness, and his recommenda-
tions for removals, even for the grossest miscon-
duct, were almost universally disregarded. Assistant
assessors an:l inspectors were appointed in accord-
ance with usage by the Secretary upon nominations ;
assessors and collectors, either dishonest or incom-
petent, aid their removal he sees no hope of
securing. As he closes with an acknowledgment
of the personal and official kindness of the Secre-
tary, his remarks must point towards the Pre-
sident. It is dis:ressing to see what Mr. Schenck
terms " the soul of his bill" barked by Congress.
It has struck out the part erecting the Government
bureau into a Department, with the appointing power
in the Commissioners. No reform will be effective in
the United States that does not make perm tnent alt
the civil posts below the heals of Departments
conditional only on fitness 'and good behaviour.
Even since thesettlement of Impeachment many clerks
have been dismissed from some of the Departments,
and more are expecting to be discharged ; a low,
spiteful, mad system, retaliation being taken against
innocent Democratic clerks, on the inauguration of
a Republican President ; thus, to the injury of
the public service, this vile see-saw is kept up. It
clerks were discharged for having" anything to do
with politics there might be some sense in it, but to
make them active agents, and then to reward them
by promotion for success, and punish them by dis-
missal for failure, is to demoralize a service on
which must hinge the well-being of the nation.
Senator Grimes, not content with the letter
we last week published, though so complete an
answer to all the slanders circulated against him, .is
about to sue the New York Tribune for its libellous
charges of corruption_ on the Impeachment Vote ;
and the Cincinnati Gazette for similar libels relating
to acts during and since the war, alleged against
him as chairman on the Committee for Naval
Affairs. There are many who think it would be
more advisable to drop the subject, as no one for a
moment believed the insane allegations of the New
York Tribung, or the vicious ones of the Cincinnati
Gazette, or those of any the smaller fry who joined
in the howl. Boston, the city of literature, the
leader in the formation of American opinion, the
abode of science and art, of theology and of juris-
prudence, was about to mark its sense of the con-
duct of Senator Fessenden, by tendering to him
the compliment of a public dinner. Governor
Bullock, ex-Governor Washburne, Presilent Hill
of Harvard College, James Russell Lowell, Charles
E. Norton, Mr. Dana, Peleg W. Chandler, and

A. G. Browne, jun., are among his inten led hosts.
The Senator from Maine is held in high esteem
throughout New England, and it is the Republicans
who desire to pay this mark of respect, not because

.. .
they have arrived at the same conclusion—for most

of them deeply regret the vote he gave on Impeach-
ment—but to indicate their appreciation of his inde-
pendence, ability, and good intention, and to condemn
the attacks made on his character. Senator Henderson
boldly proclaims that he and his six associates are
in advance of their party, and, having saved it by
their judicious conduct, do not intend to leave it.
Putting judicial questions aside, and taking up the
political one, as so often insisted on by the as-
sailants, he squarely meets the charge on this issue,
using much the same argument as we have re-
peatedly done. He says had the President been
removed and Wade inaugurated, an attempt would
have been made to supplant Grant at Chicago, and
certainly Colfax's name would ,not have been on
the ticket. The " War-horses" would have been
installed in all the offices, and a control obtained
over Grant's administration to its detriment, and to
the ruin of the party. The ticket which has given
such satisfaction to the country could not have been
carried at Chicago had the Senate voted the other
way, and what has tended so materially to unite
the party would in that event not only have been
lost, but been a fertile means of division and discard,
ending in political defeat.
The Pall Mall Gazette yesterday published some
nonsense about a deputation of printers who waited
on the President with an address. It appears they
told Mr. Johnson that in America the highest office
is within the reach of the working man, a remark
he received in silence. The. Pall Mall says,—
"He knew the secrets of life a little better
than his visitors, but perhaps the thoughts
which must have arisen in his mind are not
inaptly expressed by the New York Times. Our
contemporary insists that no working man reaches