The Sun.
London, England, 1844-11-25 00:00:00

TB SUN, LONDON, MONDAY MORNING, NOTEMBRA 25 1344.

VAN DIEMEN'S LAND.

26,196 23,334
" Here is a difference, in the deaths, of 2,862 indi-
viduals in one year, in nine districts only of the one
hundred and fifteen comprised in the return. What
can be the cause of this ? A sufficient answer to us
may be found in the words of the worthy registrar
for Little Bolton—' that it is chiefly owing to the im-
proved condition of the working classes.' It is a
great and convincing fact of the murderous effect of
the famine laws, and restrictions upon trade." But
this involves a consideration of much higher import-
ance than whether manufacturers get little or great
profit. Who are the individuals, those 1;662 indivi-
duals, whom this return proves to have fallen victims
to these laws P—(Hear, hear.) Not the indivi-
duals who passed the law; not lords, not rich men,
not people in comfortable circumstances; they are of
a different order altogether—men whose only inhe-
ritance is the strength of their arm and the intelli-
gence of their head—the working class of this coun-
try.—(Loud applause.) Old men and old women,
who might have lived years longer to watch the pro-
gress of their families, are cut off and hurried to the
grave by this law.—(Hear, hear.) Aye, and many a
poor unfortunate child, who came into existence
during that disastrous period, which might otherwise
have lived to have blessed its parents, has been taken
to its grave, even those parents blessing God that he
had removed it from the misery it was likely to
share. And these men, who talk about State policy,
and about expediency, and about the burdens upon
land, and mortgages to be paid, and marriage
settlements upon daughters—(Applause)—if it could
ever enter into their minds that horrors like these
were being perpetrated in every district of this
country, their inhuman law doing its working, and
doing it most faithfully, I ask you what must be the
character of those men if they could resist the fer-
vent call made upon them, by the united working
people of this country, for the abandonment of this
system, and the liberation of the industry of this
trampled and insulted nation ?—(Loud applause.)
13ut there is another point to which I would refer
you. The people of this country are of an order who
will not sink down and die without making an effort
to save themselves. It is said " the mighty camel
dies 'neath heaviest load ;" but man was not made
for an end so ignominious and contemptible as that.
—(Applause.) The people of this country will
travel all earth before they will die of starvation in
their own country; and, driven by excessive penury
to seek a refuge in foreign lands, they find that bread
under the Republican Government of America, which
their own paternal Government denies them at home.
—(Applause.) I have here a return of the number
of persons who have emigrated from this country
since 1838:-
1838
1839 .
1840 .
1841 .
1842 .
1843

33,222
65,207
90,743
118,502
128,344
57,212

Total
How does it happen that all these facts come together
and corroborate each other ? They are not picked
out of returns prepared and got up by the members of
the Anti-Corn-law League, but from returns fur-
nished by Government.—(Applause.) Arguments
are as plentiful as blackberries in the season ; you may
go to any district, agricultural or manufacturing, and
I declare it is impossible to fix on any point, or get
boll of any statistics but what will conduct to
the same conclusion; they all condemn this infamous
law.—(Applause.) The Hon. Gentleman referred to
the circumstances under which these emigrants left,
and observed that it was not like the sons of aristocrats
going to make the grand tour ; they tore themselves
away from associations as strong as any men felt, and
for why ? That themselves and their chi!dren might
obtain a maintenance. He had seen an emigrant ship
leaving the dock at Liverpool, all weeping on board,
and the-ir friends on shore equally weeping, at taking
their last leave of them. It was often remarked that
Englishmen who had gone to America spoke bitterly
of their own country ; but when it was remembered
that they had been forced away by the Government,
an I saw the, very wheat for which they pined
locked up in bond in Liverpool, could it be won-
dered at that they left this land with a malediction
in their mouths, to seek a living under a more just
Government ? With respect to crime, in 1836-7,
• and 1838, the commitments in England and Wales
averaged about 22,000; in 1839, 24,000; in 1840,
27,487; in 1841, 27,760; in 1842, 31,309; and 1843,
29,501 ; thus rising so long as the pressure existed,
and then diminishing; so that we were now becoming
a people among whom less crime was committed.
With these facts before them, how could any man
withstand this evidence, brought forward by persons
totally disinterested ? But beyond the preservation
of life, the diminution of crime, and the checking of
forced emigration, whence eame the great effort now
making throughout the manufacturing districts to
ameliorate the phy,ical condition of the working
chases—an effort which would have been altogether
impossible three years ago, when bankruptcy stared
almost every one in the face? These facts only
proved that they had been right in the beginning,
right all along, and right in the end, and that conse-
quently they were sure to triumph.—(Applause.)
But it should be remembered how many had been
swept away by the storm of destitution which had
passel over them, how many children have been
doomed to ignorance by the necessities of their
parents at that period, how many men had been
driven into unwilling pauperism, broken down in
spirit, thus inflicting a wide-spreading evil on so-
ciety, as it infected their children and their chil-
dren's children.—(liear.) The past five years heing
thus full of instruction—perhaps more so than any
five years heretofore—he thought the public of Roch-
dale would be readily persuaded to give their cordial
co-operation to all that the League might do. The
chairman had complimented, not flattered the inha-
bitants, and he hoped they would still go with the
League in future. Great *ealth existed in this town :
they were much of one opinion as to free trade; and
under these circumstances he could not but hope that
what they might do in future would eclipse the past.
--(Applause.) The woollen trade was once the chief
trade of this town, employing thousands, and yielding
great wealth to the manufacturers. How was it that j
that trade had not extended, that no more flannels i
were made here than were made twenty-five years
ego, and that the workmen in that trade were the
worst paid? Assuredly from no other cause but our
blind restrictive legislation, by which our woollens
had been shut out of the American market. Had it
not been that another
was tra
fde, cotton, had been intro-
duced here, which
almost entirely an export
trade, the town and districtanucaalotne had been saved from
m
decay. The woollenmanufactures were now almost
all going into the cotton d
because • they liked it better, eb.ut Vhdi ? Not
no field for them in their ow' trade, one-half
of which had been cut off by the A
tariff. And yet there were Teen in this town whno
would not lift a finger to remove that tariff, and the
corn-law which caused it.--(Applause.) Contemptible

" The estimates are now in preparation, and when
I am about to present them to you, I shall enter upon
the financial condition of the colony, especially as
bearing on the revenue.
" E. EARDLEY-WILMOTT."

ADVERTISEMENT. ANOTHER EXTRAORDINARY
CURE OF ASTHMA BY HOLLOWAY'S PILLS !—Patrick
Casey, residing at No. I, Compton-place, Brunswick.
square, had suffered from a chronic asthma for more than
three years. This poor man was so great a sufferer that
he did not dare go to bed for fear of the phlegm choking
him ; indeed, he could not even lay his head upon a
table for half an hour lest be should be suffocated ;
nevertheless, this person is now labouring from morning
to night, sleeps as well as ever he did in his life, and, in
fact,
Sold is completely cured by the use of Holloway's Pills.
(also Holloway's Ointment) at 244, Strand (where
advice may be had gratis), and by almost all respectable
vendors of aledieine throughout the civilised world.

fellows! Were all such as them the country would
soon he in a state of anarchy, were it not for those
who sought to lead the people into the right paths.
They had heard the direction about to be taken by
' the League. They had been charged with sedition,
and with stimulating insurrection. Abandoning
everything which could countenance such a charge,
they would lay hold of that truly constitutional
weapon—the electoral franchise, and would lay claim
to the county representation—(Hear, hear)—and if
there were any truth in the opinion they had formed
as to the prevalence of free-trade principle; the bulk
of the middle and working classes would unite with
them.—(Applause.) He was delighted to hear what
an outcry there would be in a few months when
they found the West Riding of Yorkshire and
North Cheshire were wrested from the monopolists.
Squire after squire, noodle after noodle—(Laughter)
—would rise to protest against the unconstitutional
proceedings of the League, and would call on the
Secretary of State to interfere.—(Hear, hear.) But
when those counties, the seats of the manufacturers,
were secured, and the system was extending to War-
wickshire and other large midland and southern
counties, the monopolists would take alarm, and
would surrender the question of free trade, in the
hope of preventing further progress in that direction;
but he hoped that, having once obtained possession
of a weapon so powerful, they would continue to use
it, and that if there were any other right on which
the working classes had set their minds, they would
not rest satisfied till they obtained it by the sure con-
stitutional means.—(Cheers.)
W. S. CRAWFORD, Esq., M.P. for the borough,
next addressed the meeting, and was received with
great and prolonged cheering.
GEORGE ASHWORTH, Esq., moved a vote of thanks
to the gentlemen who had addressed them ; which
was seconded by Mr. JOHN PETRIE, and carried by
acclamation.

The CHAIRMAN acknowledged the compliment; and
Mr. BRIGHT having explained some arrangements
for enabling parties in Rochdale, so inclined, to be-
come purchasers of qualifications to vote for the
county, the meeting separated.

(From Sydney Papers of July 30.)
The Lady Grey, from Hobart Town the 25th inst.,
has brought our files of papers to the 19th, inclusive.
Intelligence had been received of the safe arrival of
Sir John Franklin and lady at St. Helena, on the
28th of last March.
His Excellency Sir Eardley Eardley-Wilmott
opened the Legislative Council on the 17th instant;
which, from a few remarks made by the Colonial
Secretary at the close of his Excellency's speech, was
expected would be again adjourned sine die in the
course of a fortnight.
The following is the opening speech :
" Gentlemen,—l have the pleasure of meeting you
earlier in this year than in the last, owing to the late
period of the year in which I then arrived in this
colony ; and I hope it will not be necessary to detain
you long from your domestic avocations.
" The interval since we last met has been one of
trial and of gloom ; but I believe a brighter day is
now breaking upon us.
" The time for forming accurate conclusions, as to
all the causes which have mainly contributed to pro-
duce the present state of the colony, has not yet ar-
rived. Much less are we in a position to pronounce
with confidence what their permanent results will
be. Still there may be an advantage of no trifling
amount in endeavouring to survey, even at the
present time, the condition at which we are arrived,
and the prospects which appear to be opening upon
us ; and the more particularly do I wish to do so,
because, distressing as these reverses have been, they
have always appeared to me to have been regarded
too gloomily ; owing greatly, I believe, to the present
state of the colony having been referred, by a false
standard of comparison, to a former period of prospe-
rity, created by fictitious causes, and to an unex-
pected concurrence of events which are not again
likely to happen.
" The two great staple productions of this colony
are its wool and its wheat; and in proportion as these
are encouraged, and bear a remunerating price, will
the bonds which have fettered the energy and the in-
dustry of the colony be loosened, and the weight
which has pressed down to insolvency many deserving
persons be ultimately removed.
" The fleeces of Van Diemen's Land were never in
greater repute than they are at this moment; and
though they may not realise so high a price as they
did in former years, yet it is certain that the latest
accounts from hngland are most encouraging as re-
spects this important branch of our trade.
" The price of wheat has been for some time un-
deniably low—so low, indeed, as not to pay the cost
of production ; but severe as the misfortunes are
whieh have in consequence befallen so many settlers,
yet I cannot regard the prospects of the agriculturists
as dark and forbidding, so long as the merchants can
make shipments to England, and so long as the ad-
vance on Van Diemen's Land wheat in the market of
that country continues.
" The real and inexhaustible mine of wealth in such
a colony as this, is its agriculture; and it is to this
and an improved system- of cultivation, assisted by
extensive irrigation (which alone is requisite to give
to our alluvial soils their full measure of fertility),
that we must look for permanent prosperity; and it
is on steady remunerating prices we must depend, and
not on temporary though immoderate profits, for.
merly derived from the fitful demands occasioned
from time to time in New South Wales by unpro-
ductive harvests. We must look to the dawning
prospect, now before us, of becoming producers of
grain for the consumption of the mother country, in-
stead of being dependent on markets never opened to
us by our neighbours, except by the inclemency of
seasons, or by their own misfortunes.
" To hazard the opinion, that under the circum-
stances which I have mentioned, prosperity will im-
mediately visit the colony, I am far from wishing to
be understood. But to affirm, that, in a time of uni-
versal peace, with every advantage of soil and cli-
mate, with labour at command available during the
whole year—in winter as in summer, and when
freight to any reasonable extent may be obtained
at a moderate rate, a British colony, capable of pro-
ducing wheat and wool of the finest quality to an un-
limited amount, does not possess within itself the ele-
ments of prosperity, as well as inducements for the
investment of capital, is an assertion which no one
versed in the history of nations will venture to make,
and no one with a knowledge of this colony can suc-
cessfully maintain.
" Causes unforeseen and accidental may retard this
advance indeed; and causes of depression affecting
individuals may offer temporary obstacles; but they
cannot ultimately prevent a development of success,
which is as inevitable as it is desirable.
" I have mentioned the two great productions of
our agricultural industry as relating to our exports ;
but I cannot emit also the many means we have
of supplying our own consumption with the neces-
saries of life. The cultivation of barley—even
now sufficient to supersede the use of sugar in
an Englishman's beverage—and the growth of grasses
and green food, to supply our markets with native
meat and cheese, are open to us ; and there only
want energy and example to bring the riches of our
soil into the coffers of the industrious. I cannot ex-
pect to witness this country's united enterprise ; all
I can do is, to awaken science from her sleep, and
lead her to the threshold of industry. I must leave it
to another generation to enthrone her in the temple.
" The true solution, gentlemen, of the present
state of the colony, seems to be this : the temporary
occasions of unnatural prosperity have passed away,
and the degree of its future condition must depend
upon the premature relations which it can establish
with the English market, where I think it will be
able to secure regular but moderate profits, sufficient
to reward the industrious, though not perhaps to
satisfy the desire of those who wish to be immediately
wealthy.
" In connexion with the well-being of the colony, I
feel one duty to be especially incumbent on me ;
namely, the protection of life and property ; and as
some misapprehension still appears to exist on this
point, I wish it to be distinctly understood, that when-
ever any criminal shall be sentenced to death for
having broken into a house and used actual violence
towards its inmates, I never shall interfere with the
due execution of the law, unless some legal doubt shall
be brought under my notice.
"I am happy to say that criminal offences are at
the present time few ; and though, in such an im-
mense convict population, occasional outbreaks and
violation of the laws must be expected, yet I think
that far fewer crimes are committed than could be an-
ticipated.
" It is not my intention to lay before you many
Bills during the present session, for I am averse to le-
gislature on paroxysms of national difficulty, finding
by experience that partial tamperings with such mat•
ters aggravate the disease instead of remedying it, and
frequently create relief in one quarter while they in-
crease distress in another.

MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS.
CITY, FRIDAY EVENING.
POST.—It is stated in well informed circles that Mr
Cubitt has bad a misunderstanding with the South-
Eastern and Dover Company, and that he is surveying
a line from Croydon to Maidstone and Ashford, in oppo-
sition to the South-Eastern, a line which he has himself
executed. The county of Kent will give ample occupa-
tion to the Board of Trade, independently of all the
other counties, and there it would appear to be this. the
national utility of railways will have to be tested in con-
junction with the district between Rugby and Man-
chester by the Churnet Valley. We were quite right in
stating that Mr. Robert Stevenson, of the London and
Birmingham Company was appointed engineer of the
Churnet Valley line, only that it is, as it turns out, with
Mr. Cubitt also. This combination of scientific ability
in its behalf is alone sufficient to show the im-
portance of the undertaking, for, were it regarded
as an ordinary line, two such eminent men would
not be found acting together in it. It is, in
reality, the key-stone to the national principle, and it is
imperative on the London and Birmingham Company to
deal with it openly, so as to satisfy the public that they
look to the general interest--short, direct, cheap,
and
quick communication being deemed the life and
soul of
our commerce, and as indispensable to the extension of
our manufacturing system. The published correspon-
dence between the Grand Junction and London and Bir-
mingham
.Companies only goes more strongly to prove
the necessity of the latter following the plan we have
felt it our duty repeatedly to point out and to recommend.
In the struggle for agricultural improvement and the
maintenance of our landed interest, cheap and rapid
transit is surely essential, as much so, perhaps, as it is
to our manufacturers, for there is, in fact, an evident
identity of views and requirements. The construction
of such cheap and direct roads as will give effect to the
objects, both of the one and the other, may, therefore,
always be safely urged a; the only ones that will, in
these days of progress, be tolerated.
The following correspondence on Spanish finance has
been sent to us from the office of Mr. R. Thornton, as
chairman of the committee of Spanish bondholders, and
which is recognised by that gentleman as " establishing
the exact amount of Three per Cent. Spanish stock at
present in circulation."

THIS COMMITTEE OF BONDHOLDERS TO THE LOWPOW
AGENTS OF THE SPANISH GOVERNMENT.

" Committee of Spanish Bondholders,
Old Swan Wharf, Nov. 21.
" Gentlemen—The attention of the Cominittee of
Spanish bondholders having been called to sundry re-
marks from anonymous correspondents ',Web 44.vp ap
peered in the daily papers, charging the Spanish
yerninent with couTerting coupons into Three per Cent. I

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.
ROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF SATURDAY.'
GLOBE.—Mr. O'Connell has returned to his first
love. If we may judge from the warm reception he
received at Limerick on Wednesday last, his " in-
fidelity" to " Simple Repeal" has been pardoned. His
philandering with federalism, and 'his coquetting
with rotatory Parliaments have ceased. Henceforth
repeal is to be the mistress of his undivided
affections, and to promote and further its attain-
ment, the one engrossing business of his life.
Whatever the great Agitator may have lost in cha-
racter among thinking men in this country by his re-
cent inexplicable tactics—which involve inconsistency,
and, for a time, evinced vacillation—he has lost little,
if any, of that mighty influence over the mass of his
countrymen by which he holds them captive, and
moves them, hither and thither, at his will. The
" great Munster meeting"—a procession and a ban-
quet on a grand scale, to celebrate his liberation,
and that of his companions, will recal the
scenes of Mullaghmast and Tara, and the other
"monster meetings" of last year. As an exhibition of
public feeling, the affair seems to have been impres-
sive. The experiment of getting up a public demon-
stration—somewhat hazardous, with O'Connell's
speeches in praise of federalism still ringing in the
ears of his followers—has succeeded. It will, doubt-
less, tend to recover whatever of public confidence
O'Connell might have lost, and to re-animate
the apparently abated fervour of the Irish people
in their pursuit of the repeal project, which he
now affirms is essential to the peace and prosperity
of the country—the one panacea for the evils which
press upon the great mass of its inhabitants. Mr.
O'Connell's speech to the assembled multitudes was
signally bold—we had almost said, daring. The
passages from his speeches at the " monster meet-
ings," which were adduced on the recent. trial, as
calculated to excite the passions 'of the assembled mul-
titudes, and thus endanger the public peace, were re-
produced, as though he courted the attention and
invoked the vengeance of the Government. We now
repeat, what we have said on former similar occa-
sions, that to set forth in the hearing of a pro-
miscuous multitude of partisans—and these of the
lowest class—the numbers that are ready to employ
physical force—to fight, to die, for a given object,
has a direct tendency to endanger the public peace.
Exhortations to refrain from violence—while the ex-
horter is sedulously impressing upon them their power
of achieving the object which is set before them as
franght with personal and patriotic advantages—may
succeed for a time ; but it will, sooner or later, be in-
effectual. We can hardly concede to the individual
who adopts such a mode of address the claim of
sincerity. We deprecate—deplore—denounce—the
employment of such appeals. To scatter com-
bustibles, which a spark may ignite, among
materials such as those by which O'Connell is
surrounded, is dangerous, and may be destruc-
tive. It is no excuse for Mr. O'Connell that he
can refer to forty-one occasions on which he used
similar language, and no breach of the peace ensued.
If any outrage result, on any occasion, after such
language has been addressed by him to the multi-
tude, it would be difficult for him to persuade an im-
partial jury that his speech was not an incentive to
the act. Nor would his exhortation to abstain from
using the invincible power they possessed, be consi-
dered as anything better than a subterfug4 to pro-
tect himself from the personal consequences of
preaching sedition, and exciting the multitude to
violence.
STANDARD.—The Morning Chronicle has to-
day an article of some length upon what it is pleased
to call Sir Robert Peel's anti-Brazilian policy. Now
the policy in question is anti-Brazilian only in this,
that it gives first a preference to our own colonial
sugar, next in order a preference to sugar the
product of free labour, in whatever country grown.
A British and anti-slavery policy (be they always
united) it certainly is ; but in no respect is it anti-
Brazilian more than it is anti-Cuban, or anti anything
else. It is the Morning Chronicle that compli-
ments the Brazils by representing those countries
as the embodied type of the accursed slave trade, the
Brazils being also the special clients of "the League."
The question of slavery apart, however, we have suf-
ficient proof that nothing less than the sacrifice of our
colonies will satisfy the rapacity of the Brazilian Go-
vernment. Baron Langsdorff, the Envoy of the
French Government, sent with a proposition for the
renewal of the expiring commercial treaty be-
tween France and the Brazils—without any sti-
pulation in favour of free labour produce—has
fared no better than Mr. Ellis. The Brazilian
Government will listen to nothing less than an
absolute monopoly of the sugar trade ; and
this monopoly M. Guizot is as little dis-
posed to grant, to the destruction of the French colo-
nies and to the ruin of the home manufacture from
beetroot, as Sir Robert Peel to concede the sacrifice
of all our tropical dependencies. The Brazils, there-
fore bid fair for a condition of commercial " isolation."
This seems foolish on the part of the Government
of Rio ; but, after all, that Government is, perhaps,
not so much to blame for the folly. The free-
traders of this country have been for years exag-
gerating the importance of the Brazil trade
to our manufactures, and the power of
the Brazilian Government to exclude our
produce to a degree to persuade the Brazi-
lians that they may dictate what terms they please to
England, and as, it is plain from Baron Langsdorff's
failure, to France also. The folly, however pro-
duced, of Brazilian isolation, can be cured only by a
sharp lesson, and that lesson is in preparation. The
schoolmaster will be soon abroad in the unwel-
come garb of a smuggler, unwelcome we mean to
the Government, but always too welcome to the
people, and he will not be long in teaching the utter
impossibility of withholding from the people what
they want or desire, along a frontier of 7,000 or 8,000
miles at the very least. The Brazilians have the
best imaginable means of knowing the impossi-
bility of guarding, by any expense of money, skill,
and zeal, a coast of half the extent of their frontier;
for they pursue their murderous trade of man-smug-
gling along the whole coast of western Africa, almost
unmolested, notwithstanding all that England and
France can do to interrupt it. If, under the advice of
our " Leaguers," they persist in their ridiculous
scheme of isolation, they will soon have their practices
retorted upon them, though in an infinitely hu-
manized form. In the article to which we refer,
the Morning Chronicle modestly claims for the
Whigs the credit of the success of the British arms
in China, and the acquisition of the China trade.
This is somewhat more than commonly audacious.
What was the state of affairs in China when the
Whigs were dismissed ? They had undoubtedly
created a quarrel with that country, in which, with
their usual ingenuity and good fortune, they managed
to place England in the wrong in the first instance,
and having got the country into this quarrel, they,
after their fashion, secured a sufficient quantity of
reverses and disgrace. They were dismissed just
at the moment when China threatened to
repeat the tragedy of Affghanistan, and in
China as in Central Asia, the Conservative
Government just reversed their measures, and
the condition of our affairs, substituting honour
and firmness for trickery and cowardice—vic-
tories for retreats or defeats—peace and an
assured hope of its continuance, for disastrous
war and black despair. It is too early for the
Chronicle to call upon the people to forget these
things.

" Total issued in London and Paris £6,458,063 0 11
" 3d. The amount deposited by the Spanish Govern-
ment with the contractors for the capitalisation was, we
believe, 7,272,100 reels, or about 72,791 Z sterling, and
that the guarantee which was delivered to us at the time in
sealed packages still remains in our possession.
"4th. We have received no intimation yet from the
Spanish Government of the amount intended to be re-
mitted in anticipation of the next dividend, and we can-
not therefore say whether it will exceed the sum actu-
ally required for the bonds in circulation, but we may
mention that on former occasions the Government has
remitted beyond, those wants, and has applied the sur-
plus to the payment of the dividends on the Spanish
Indemnity bonds.
"We decidedly bear testimony with you to the cour-
tesy and uprightness of M. Borajo, the Spanish financial
commissioner here, and we may add that, both on the
part of that gentleman and the Spanish Government,
we have remarked the strictest regard to integrity and
good faith as to the public in the present capitalization.
We have the honour to be, Sir, your most obedient
servants, "REID, IRVING, and CO."

EXPERIMENTS IN WARFARE.
A second series of experiments in warfare was exhi-
bited on Tuesday at Mulgrave House, Fulham, for the
purpose of bringing into notice the inventions of the
Duke of Normandy. A considerable number of gentle-
men assembled in the grounds, among whom were Lord
Ranelagh, Sir John Hare, and many naval and military
officers and men of science. The experiments com-
menced with the almost simultaneous explosion of a
ofbomb a
similar shell s
placedhell
buriedeight
feeutnudrgnederrouthnd, the water
of a rocket
of the lake,
fired against a bulk •head. The rocket was first fired,
and as soon as it struck the bulk-head it exploded, and
appeared to ignite two other rockets conducted by wires
to the invisible shells, which both exploded with loud
reports. The one underground threw up the earth to a
great height and made a large excavation ; the water
shell carried a mass of water into the air resembling an
immense fountain. Two rockets without sticks were
then fired at the bulk-head cased with iron, being
directed to the mark by wires stretched horizontally
for a distance of about two hundred yards. The in-
stant they struck the object the rockets exploded,
tore away the iron casing, and carried off portions
of the thick plank behind. A bomb shell was next
allowed to drop into a hole within " a strongly con-
structed hut put together as firmly as possible. The im-
mense force exerted by the composition employed was
evident from the complete destruction of the structure,
pieces of which were carried to a great height, and one
of the timbers was actually driven through the brick
wall of a building about one hundred feet distant, and
was left sticking in it. For the purpose of showing the
safety with which these shells may be used, one of them,
to which a percussion cap was fisted, was made to fall
into a hole dug in the ground, when the caps exploded,
and a quantity of gunpowder was ignited without ex-
ploding the shell. An alteration having been then made
in the cap, by removing the guard, the shell exploded
with terrific effect. Rockets on a similar principle were
afterwards fired by throwing them on the ground,
though when protected they might be knocked about
without danger. One object for which these rockets
are intended is to protect merchant ships from the
attacks of pirates, for by throwing the rockets from
the mast of one ship on to the deck of another
it would be directly cleared, An exemplification
of the force of the explosive compound was given
during the explosion of one of these rockets
that rather alarmed a portion of the company
A part of the wooden rocket case was propelled with
great velocity into the air towards the spot where many
gentlemen were standing, and it struck the ground be-
hind them. Some bombarding rockets, without sticks,
were also fired from a rocket case, which was pointed to
an angle of seventy degrees, to prevent the rockets from
going across the Thames. The first rocket took a very
steady flight, and fell in the middle of the river, where it
exploded on coming in contact with the water. Two
others did not fly so steadily ; they fell within the
grounds, and exploded on touching the earth. The ex-
periments concluded with the firing of the non-recoil
cannon, which was fired by several gentlemen whilst
holdingpafeoidv
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rh
The
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et vi
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osurunn
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a
ex-
periments there were no trials of the facility with which
prevent
e force
ee vl
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rockets
be d
eknet
st directed
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eed
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inventor
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place his shells either under ground or in the sea with
the certainty of their exploding the instant an advancing
ip passes over them.
army or a pursuing sh

MARYLEBONE VESTRY.
Thevestry met on Saturday at the usual hour, eleven,
and several letters having been read, the clerk called the
attention of the vestry to a letter from the auditors, in
answer to a communication made by the vestry on
Saturday, Nov. 9. It will be rembered that on the day in
question, the clerk read a letter which had been inserted in
on
ne
th7e.impeasrtnoefwstphaePleter;tarr
toounacbirnigdgaesuapnpdosmedutiinlatte theention
accounts of the auditors before their publication ;
and also a letter, in answer to that which he the clerk
had sent to the Times, and which stated that the vestry
had not made any such resolution as that which the
auditors complained of, and on the same day the vestry
sent a letter to the auditors disclaiming any such inten-
tion, and expressing their (the vestry's) entire approba-
tion of the conduct of the clerk.
In the letters which the clerk read to the vestry to-
day, the auditors expressed great • pleasure at finding
that the opinions of the vestry were so entirely in ac-
cordance with their own (the auditors). The auditors
also expressed great regret for the mistake they had
fallen into, and fur the publicity which had been given to
it in consequence.
Mr. RIDGWAY said that, in his opinion, the conduct of
the auditors had been very imprudent, that having
heard that the vestry had such an intention as to mutilate
their accounts, they ought, instead of writing to a news-
paper to have written to the clerk of the vestry,
for by the manner in which they had acted they bad
caused a great public feeling of indignation against the
vestry. He thought, too, that certain members of the
vestry were much too willing to bring its affairs before
the public, and some influential person connected with
the Times newspaper was very much in the habit of in-
serting articles in that paper which would be much better
left out.

Mr. JOSEPH suddenly rose and siiid that the affairs of
the vestry had been very much before the public for the
last ten years, and, that it could not but be expected that
they would remain so.
After some further conversation, the clerk read a letter
respecting a nuisance in the neighbourhood of All Saints
Church, which had been received from the churchwardens
this day. It appeared that for some time a certain house
adjoining the Church had been inhabited by persons of
a most dissolute and abandoned character, who had been
frequently driven away, but as soon as one set of them
had been compelled to leave the house they sent another 1
to take possession in their place. Lately a new door had
been made leading to the gallery of the Church, which
would prove a great convenience to the parishioners, but 1
that this very door was exactly opposite to the house in
question, and no one could pass it without being shocked at the obscene conduct carried on there.
After much discussion it was decided that the vestry-
olerk be desired to write to the rate-payers of the said
house, and report thereon on next Saturday,

stock (which coupons ought to have been cancelled) and
the consequent creation of stock that should not exist ;
and the letters from Senor Borajo, the Finance Com-
missioner of the Spanish Government, having failed to
satisfy the parties making such charge, I take the
liberty of addressing you, as agents for the conversion,
to request the favour of your furnishing me with the ne-
cessary information in elucidation of the matter by an-
swering the following questions :
" Ist. What amount of Three per Cent. stook has
been issued in lieu of a corresponding amount of coupons
due on the Active Bonds up to the end of 1840 ?
"2d. What amount of Three per Cent. stock has
been issued as an equivalent for Treasury bonds ex-
changed on terms agreed upon ?
" 3d. What amount (if any) of coupons were deposited
by the Government as a collateral security in the hands
of the agents or contractors ; and if such securities re-
main intact and inviolate ? and
"4th. As anonymous writers attempt to establish this
charge against the Spanish Government by adducing, as
a fact, that the amount to meet the dividends on the
Three per Cent. Stock at present in circulation consider-
ably exceeds the amount previously required, it is of the
greatest importance that this point should be satisfac-
torily explained.

" in conclusion, I feel it my duty, in soliciting this in-
formation at your hands, to state that the contradiction
given by M. Borajo to the charges referred to, and his
voluntary offer personally to explain to and satisfy the
most incredulous on the subject, is, to my mind at least,
perfectly satisfactory, and I feel it only due to that gen-
tleman to state that the Committee havo on all occasions
received the greatest courtesy and attention from him,
and I place the most implicit confidence in his character
for strict integrity and honour. Begging the favour of
an early reply, I remain, with respect, gentlemen,
your most obedient servant,
"RICHARD THORNTON, Chairman of the
Committee of Spanish Bondholders.
" Messrs. Reid, Irving, and Co."
REPLY OF THE ♦CENTS.
"16, Tokenhouse-yard, Nov. 21.
" Sir,—We have the honour to acknowledge the
receipt of your letter of this date, referring to certain
charges that have, from time to time, appeared in the
public journals, respecting a supposed improper issue of
Spanish Three per Cent. Bonds, and inviting our reply
to questions, which we have now the pleasure to answer
in the order in which you have placed them.
"Ist. The amount of Three per
Cent. Bonds and Provisional Certifi-
cates issued by us to this date, in
exchange for the Five per Cent. cou-
pons to 1840, is
" 2d. The amount of the same Stock
issued in exchange for the Spanish
Treasury Bonds, under the agreement
of February last, is 366,136 8 5

Mr. Sergeant TALFOURD rose to reply, but was in-
terrupted by
Lord DENMAN, who said, I am disposed to think that
there has been no case made out which requires the
Court to do anything. If the medical men had made an
affidavit, that possibly might have afforded some ground
for asking for delay ; but they have abstained from
doing so. I wish that medical men should know that
their certificate is really nothing. If they wish to come
before the Court, they must come before it as other per-
sons do, on affidavit, and this they have not done in the
present case. What appears to me might be a satisfac-
tory arrangement, Brother Talfourd, if you are inclined
to accede to it, is, that the trial should be post-
poned, but that the judgment should not be postponed.
If persons conduct themselves in the manner in which
this defendant has conducted himself they cannot get rid
of the corvequences of their conduct in this manner, but
must suffer the punishment which they have brought
upon themselves.
Mr. Sergeant TALFOURD—The prosecutor in this
case leaves himself entirely in the hands of the Court.
It was then arranged that the defendant should be
brought up for judgment on Monday on the indictment
to which he had pleaded guilty, and that the trial of the
other indictment should be postponed until the sitting
after next term.
Tbe Duke of Brunswick was in Court, and sat in the
Queen's Counsel seat, next to Mr. Sergeant Talfourd.

BAIL COURT, Nov 23.
(Sittings in Banco.)
TEE QUEEN V. THE MAYOR, &C., OF DOVER.
Mr. Witsrm.!. applied for a mandamus directed to the
Mayor and Corporation of Dover commanding them to
insert the name of John Mills :on the burgess list of
the borough, he having been rejected on the ground
that he had not paid certain poor rates. There were
several objections to the validity of these rates, though
if even the rates were good, he would contend that the
non-payment of them did not operate as a disqualifica-
tion. The first objection to the rates was that the Town
Council did not order the overseer to make the rates.
The second objection was that the rate of 1842 was re-
trospective. There were various other objections be-
sides against the validity of the rate.—Rule granted.
The Learned Gentleman then said that there were
24 other cases of a similar description in which he was
instructed to move for rules.—Application granted.
Mr. PEACOCK said he was instructed to move for
SEASONABLE REPAST FOR THE POOR.—After the 15 rules of a similar nature.—Application granted.
ceremony of the consecration of the new church at Cam- THE UEEN V. WHITAKER.
berwell, the poor in the workhouse were provided with
Mr. COWLINGmoQ
ved for a certiorari to remove the
411 coat:lu and ample dinner of roast beef and plum- judgment against the defendant, This was an indiot-
pudding, and a pint of porcer. The children belonging went for a violation of a local Act of Parliament, the
to the charity schools had also a dinner provided for 11th of Geo. the 4th sec. 39, which required that no
them, at the Grove-house Tavern, Camberwell-grove, of street should be made in Manchester of less width than
which 300 partook. The Bishop of Winchester, the dis- eight yards. It appeared that the defendant in this
trict clergy, the churchwardens, and other parish officers, ' ago made a court of only six yards in width, and fur this
had 4 splendid entertainment provided for them in a ; he was indicted, but he stated in his affidavit that it was
handsome marquee, erected An the lawn in fcont of the ' private property and was not a public thoroughfare. It
SIM Uf Storers (tip Vim) Iwo sko stated that in order IQ bive an impartial trial it

LAW INTELLIGENCE.
COURT OF QUEEN"S BENCH, Nov. 23.
(Sittings in Banco.)
THE QUEEN V. JENKIN JONES.
The defendant in this case was brought up for judg-
ment. He bad been a clerk in the Poor-law Commis-
sioners' office for several years. About twelve mouths
since he procured the appointment of secretary to an
insurance company, and through his recommendation a
person named Charles Buisson was taken upon trial at
the Poor-law Office, Boisson having given defendant 1501
for the situation. After the period of his trial was ex-
pired, the appointment of Charles Boisson was not
confirmed, whereupon he complained that he had been
defrauded by defendant. An investigation took place ;
a prosecution was ordered by the Government, and the
defendant pleaded guilty, and was now brought up for
judgment.

Several affidavits were put in and read, both on the
part of the prosecution and on the part of defendaat.
The SOLICITOR-GENERAL then rose to speak in aggra-
vation of punishment. The offence with which the de-
fendant was oharged was one of very grave importance.
This case was considered of such mischievous con-
sequence to the public that the late Attorney-General,
who had exercised his powers at least as mildly as any
of his predecessors, felt it his duty to file an ex officio
information, to which defendant had pleaded guilty.
There were no circumstances of mitigation in the case.
The defendant was in communication with a person
named Marshall, who was now dead. A person named
Boisson was anxious to get a Government situation of 801.
a-year. Marshall offered to procure it for him for 2001.
Boisson, who was a needy man, offered 1001, and it was
eventually agreed that he should give 150/. Marshall
then directed him to go to the Poor-law Commissioners'
office, and ask for Mr. Jones, and say he had been sent
by Mr. Angus, Who was connected with a morning
Paper. He did so—the defendant took him into the
oor-law office, and there could be no doubt but that
Jones thought he had interest sufficient to procure him
then a permanent appointment. Jones still continued a
short time in the office. Boisson had not been there a
fortnight before he was pressed for the money, and told
that he should lose his situation unless the money was
paid. Boisson, who was in great poverty, was com-
pelled to raise the money by borrowing it of a Mr.
Hutton, and paid that money over to Jones.
Shortly after Jones left, and on an account
being called for of the names of the clerks to be returned
to the Treasury, the name of Boisson was found there.
The Commissioners inquired into the circumstances of
his appointment ; Boisson was dismissed. He insisted
that the money should be returned, and the law officers
of the Crown ordered a prosecution. At that time Mar-
shall, who was included in the prosecution, was living,
and the defendant pleaded guilty ; and now that Mar-
shall was dead, the defendant, who, in Marshall's life-
time, had pleaded guilty, now came forward and in his
affidavit stated that Marshall alone had made the bar-
gain—that Marshall alone had received the benefit of the
money—and that Marshall had lent him.(Jones) 100/.
This statement was clearly contrary to his plea of
guilty, and he called upon the Court to pass an exem-
plary sentence upon him.
Mr. JERVIS then addressed the Court in mitigation of
punishment, :and regretted that the Solicitor-General
should have thought it necessary to impute falsehood to
Jones. He had pleaded guilty, as he had stated, to the
Commissioners in the lifetime of Marshall, for the pur-
pose ;of avoiding spublicity, and he had during the
lifetime of Marshall made to the Commissioners an
ample statement of all the circumstances of the case.
He had repaid the money ; and he produced affi-
davits from persons high in authority in the office,
from which it appeared that during seven years he had
been a most useful servant to the public, and that his
quitting the office was considered a serious loss. That
publicity which he so much dreaded had taken place.
Re would lose the confidential situation he now held, and
he trusted the Court would consider that a sufficient
punishment for his offence.
Their Lordships having consulted together,
Mr. Justice WILLIAMS proceeded to pass the judg-
ment of the Court upon the defendant. The Court had
heard the arguments urged in mitigation, and they
would have been very glad if they could have con-
sidered this case as any other but of a very
serious nature. If he really had authority to
recommend, he abused the trust reposed in him,
and deprived the public of the benefit of compe-
tition, fur his own personal advantage. If he had not
authority, and it appeared that he had not, then the
fraud was quite as great. If Marshall alone had been
the person who had made the corrupt bargain, and if
the defendant had nothing to do with it, then that
would have been an ample answer to the indictment.
But the fact of his pleading guilty during the life-
time of Marshall proved that Marshal was act-
ing merely as his agent. The Court regretted
to hear that there was a family and an aged
relative dependent upon his exertions, but it could be
matter of regret only. Under the circumstances, the
Court felt bound to pass a severe sentence upon him.
The sentence of the Court was, that he should be im-
prisoned in the Queen's Prison for one year.
The defendant was then removed in custody.
THE QUEEN V. BARNARD GREGORY.
Mr. Serjeant TALFOURD said that in this case his
Learned Friend who appeared for the defendant had
handed to him certain affidavits, which were anything
but satisfactory, and that therefore he should wish to
have them read.
The affidavits, having been handed in, were read by
the officer, The first was the affidavit of Mr. Lewis, the
attorney for the defendant, in which was set forth a
medical certificate as to the unsatisfactory state of the
defendant's health, signed by Dr. Ayre, Dr. Hume
Wetherhead, and Sir Ames Anderson. That cer-
tificate had been signed in the deponent's pre-
sence, but the physician had refused to make
an affidavit, 'as being contrary to the usual custom
of the profession. The deponent stated that he held an
office on the Midland Circuit, to the duties of which he
should have to attend at the approaching assizes, and
that, therefore, he should not be enabled to prepare de-
ponent's defence to go to trial on the 29th. The affi-
davit of deponent himself was then read as to the state
of his health. He also prayed that judgment might be
postponed on the indictment to which he had pleaded
guilty, because on the trial of the other indictments facts
would come out which might materially influence the
judgment of the Court. In opposition to the application
there were read the affidavits of the Duke of Brunswick,
the prosecutor, and his attorney. The affidavit of the
latter stated that he had inquired of various medical men
who had visited defendant in Newgate, more particularly
of Mr. M`Murdo, the surgeon to the gaol, as to the state
of defendant's health, and that the reply was, that
although he was thinner, he was in as good a state of
health as when he was first committed to prison.
Mr. PLATT submitted to the Court that this was not
a case of conflicting testimony. On the one hand, they
had only the loose affidavit of an attorney, setting forth
that he had made inquiries of different persons ; while,
on the other, they had the formal certificate of
the medical men who had examined the defend-
ant. He took it that their Lordships would not
try an issue upon minute points as to the
state of this man's health, when he pleaded want of
health as a ground for postponement of the trial. If
there were any doubt upon the subject they would give
him the benefit of that doubt. It also appeared that by
the rules of the prison he was not permitted to have ac-
cess to his private papers, which were necessary for him
to prepare his defence, and that he was anxious to dis-
cover the address of persons who were material wit-
nesses. His attorney also, to whom he entrusted the
whole conduct of his defence, was an officer of the Mid-
land Circuit, and must depart to attend to the duties of
that circuit. He thought, therefore, that he had made
out a case which would induce their Lordships to post-
pone both the trial and its judgment. He was under
recognisances to appear to receive the judgment of the
Court, so that the only effect of granting the application
would be to postpone the trial so as to give him a fair
and legitimate opportunity for preparing his defence.
He, therefore, applied for the postponement of the judg-
ment until next term, and also for the postponement of
the trial.

ACCIDENTS.—The following accidents occurred, one of
which terminated fatally. Shortly after seven o'clock,
an old lady named Watkins, whilst crossing Kenniagton-
common, missed her footing and fell into a deep ditch,
near the vitriol works. Her screams brought several
persons to her assistance, who with considerable difficulty
succeeded in rescuing her from her perilous situation.—
A second accident occurred on Blackheath, to a young
man who was coming to town. It appears that he, by
some means, lost his road, and fell into a deep hole called
" The Devil's Dyke." He was released and conveyed to
a surgeon's, and from thence to the hospital, he having
received several contusions about the body, of a very
serious nature.—A lad employed on one of the fishing-
boats moored off Wandsworth, fell overboard and was
drowned. The body has not been found.—Another ac-
cident took place in the Old Kent-road, which was
almost attended with the loss of human life. An om-
nibus came in collision with a town cart with powerful
violence. The driver of the latter vehicle was thrown
off his seat, and, on being raised from the ground, he had
received a severe injury of the skull. lie was conveyed
to the hospital, where he was placed in the accident
ward, and promptly attended to. He is in a very pre-
carious state.

THE RlVER.—Owing to the dense fogs which have
prevailed on the river during part of W. dnesday night
and on Thursday and yesterday, most of the steamers
from the continent have either been considerably behind
their usual time, or have been detained in various parts
of the river, and prevented from reaching their destina-
tions. The Antwerpen steam ship, which was due at
the St. Katharine Steam Wharf on Thursday morning►,
from Antwerp, got as far as Blackwall, having run from
Antwerp to that place, notwithstanding the weather, in
the remarkably short space of nineteen hours; but it
was found quite impracticable to venture with safety any
further up the river, owing to the fog which prevailed at
the time, and the vessel did not arrive at the wharf
until yesterday morning, when her passengers were
landed, and released with all possible dispatch. The
Batavier Dutch steam ship from Rotterdam was more
fortunate, having arrived at the wharf on Wednesday
afternoon before the fog had set in. She had a large
cargo of Dutch produce, including upwards of 50 head of
horned cattle on board, which were landed immediately,
and cleared for the London markets. Several steam
ships which were overdue had not arrived at their va-
rious destinations yesterday evening, and it is feared
that we shall hear of collisions havinc, taken place. The
fog appears to have been very general, having extended
down the whole length of the river and out to sea.

THE YARMOUTH MURDER.
APPREHENSION OF THE SUPPOSED MUR

DEREK;,.
Mr. J. B. Bales, the Sergeant-at-Mace at Yarmouth,
having received directions from the Mayor of Yar-
mouth, arrived in Norwich on Thursday, accom-
panied by an assistant, with a warrant for the appre-
hension of a person named Frederic Boatright, sus-
pected to be either a principal or an accomplice in
the above horrible transaction. It appears there was
a very strong suspicion prevailing in Yarmouth in con-
sequence of Boatright's dissipated habits and previous
character, that he was in some way connected with
this horrible tragedy. From information Bales re-
ceived, he proceeded immediately to the vicinity of
St. Lawrence, and met the man of whom he was
in quest coming out of the Lord Howe public-house,
at the top of St. Lawrence steps. On being in-
terrogated as to his name, and what he had been
doing with himself for the last three or four days,
he replied that his name was Nicholls, and that
he could not say where he had been since Sunday
night, except that he had not been in a bed. Mr.
Bales then told him that he would be obliged to
take him into custody on suspicion of being con-
cerned in the murder of Mrs. Candler, at Yarmouth,
lon last Monday night. The prisoner on receiving
this intimation appeared much agitated. and changed
colour. He was immediately conveyed to the station-
house and given into the custody of Mr. Yarrngton,
where he remained until a few minutes before seven
o'clock, when he was conveyed privately to Yarmouth
by the seven o'clock train to undergo an examination be-
fore the magistrates of the borough. The prisoner, who
has returned from sea within the last eighteen months,
is a man of between twenty-three and twenty- four years
of age, and was considered a very bad character.—
Norwich Mercury.

We are sorry to learn that, in some parishes in
Wilts, the current rate of wages has been reduced to 7s.
per week.—Somerset County Gazette.
FATAL RAILWAY ACCIDENT.—On Thursday night
a fireman named May wood was killed within four miles
of Birmingham, on the Birmingham and Gloucester
Railway. The train was passing under Cleeve-bridge
and the unfortunate man not being sufficiently on his,
guard, his head came in contact with one of the iron
pipaM.rs which support the bridge, and he was instantly