The Sun.
London, England, 1857-08-28 00:00:00

AMERICA.

(BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.)

LivEßrcoL, Friday Morning. The United
States mail steamship Baltic, Comstockcommander,

has arrived with advices from New York to Sun-
day, the 16th inst.
She has brought 841,100 dols. specie on freight.
On the 16th inst., at 5 p.m., the Baltic passed
the packet ship Liverpool, bound in ; on the 16t1
►nd 18,h, passed two large screw steamers, both
bound west ; on the 23,1, in lat. 50.35, long 42.34,
passed the British ships John and Montreal, both
hound west ; and on the 27th, at 2.30 p.m., passed
he ships Valetta and Mitchell, outward hound.
The Belgian steam-ship Leopold 1., from Ant-
werp and Southampton, arrived at New York on
the 14th inst.

Fifteen laves bad been lost near Ne v York by a
steam-boat collision near that port.
A powder magazine had exploded at Halifax,
destroying a considerableatnount of property.
Lord Napier was said to be urging, the United
States Government to increase the naval force on
the African coast.

Advice from Nicaragua report that all was
quiet.
At Havannah a money panic had occurred, and
a run on the banks took place. The Spanish Bank
of Havannah suffered severely, but was promptly
aided by the Captain-General, who lent the sum of
2,000,000 dols. to its coffers. General Concha ad-
vised and empowered the Spanish Bank to issue
6,000,000 dols. of deposit certificates, is small and
large sums, to suit the general want, at interest, for
6,8, and 10 months; to be received at public offices
as gold.
It was rumoured that a Spanish cruiser had cap-
tured a slaver off Cuba. •

The Royal MAil steamship Trent was at Aspin
wall on the 3d inst.

An insurrection had broken out at Santiago, on
the south side of St. Domingo, and engagement•
had occurred with the troops.
It was reported that Cesta Rica and Nicaragua
had made a treaty, Nicaragua having, all her old
boundaries, except one side of San Juan River,
from Fort a-twill° down (92 miles) to the harbour
of San Juan del Norte, taking in Punta Arenas,
which included all the buildingsi of the CoMpany.
The New York commercial advices report that
there was a healthy feeling in mercantile circles,
and a good fall trade was confidently expected.
The crops bad come forward in abundance, and, if
not so cheap as at former periods, were made more
accessible to traders of limited means than they
had b.!en during late years.
The money market remained easy, with a fair de-
mand. First-clas, paper was quoted 9 to 10 pet
cent. and second-class ditto 101 to 12 and 15 per
Cent. The stock market for the week closed witli
much excitement and depreseiion.- The t •ndency
railroad shares was downward, and holders
felt compelled in some instances to sell at a
large sacrifice. State loans were quoted at
lower fignies than for some time pact, show-
ing a decline of 42 to 1 per cent. on the whole li,t,
compared with the close of the previous week. The
'market for exchange was firm, but the businCs3 was
only to a moderate extent. Rills on Loudon were
9i / prem.; on France, sf. 17Ac. to sf. 161 c.; and
on Hamburg, 361 ff. F!oui- continued du'l. Th
receiets were increasing, though quotations indicated
no i Illpiovetre'nt or t, hange. For Canadian flour a fair
demand prevailed, at $6 50c. to $8 75c for comm •n
to prime. In wheat there was little doing for ex-
port, and prices had slightly receded. The port;
market was firm, but beef, butter, and chee,e were
unchanged. The iron market was steady ; 300 tons
of Scotch pig had been sold at $29 to $3O, six
Months. Freight umtinued dull, though there was
11 0 material change in ra'es. Tobacco was quoted
but the feeling had improved, owing to advices
from New Orleans.
The Moneolia, hence, at New York ; and the
Pretecter, hence, at San Francisco.
The brig Roberts, of London, Captain Cowling,
from Cadiz for Now York, with a cargo of wine,
went ashore on Thursday, the 13th inst., two miles
east of South Hampton Village.

THE INDIAN MUTINIES.

(From the Times.)
We extracted at length in our impression of Wed-
nesday last a communication. made in the form of a
regular despatch to the .Nord of Brussels from its
" own correspondent" at Madras. The opinions
expressed by such a functionary and circulated in
such a journal respecting the position and prospects
of the British in India assume a greater interest
just now tletn might perhaps intrinsically pertain
to' them, and we are bound to say that, upon the
whole, the description and concluSions given in the
report are less perverted and more impartial than
night have been anticipated. India, it is true, is
not '• a theatre of the most horrible crimes and
atrocities from Cape Comorin to the foot of the
Elirnalayas." for over the larger portion of this ter-
gory the authority of the British Government has
tither remained unassailed or been successfully as-
erted ; but, though the c tse is so far exaegerated,
he procedings of the insurgents are justly charee-
erised, and not extravagantly considered. In an-
ouncing the result of his observations, the wteer
puts aside altocether the defects attributed to the
organisation of the Bengal army, and ascribes the
outbreak to causes which, with one exception—the
licentiousness of the native press—he derives from
:he systematic policy of the Indian Government.
He alleges, as a principal explanation of the Indian
rebellion, that we have treated native princes with, in-
ustice by annexiug their territory to our own and dis-
carding the claims of their widows and repressnta-
dyes, and that we have grasped with too unscru-
pulous an ardour at the hoards which these petty
chieftains occasionally accumulate. This, in point
of fact, forms the substance of his accusation ; for,
though he charges the authorities with bad faith
eewards the sepoys in two, and only two, instances,
he evidently relies ueon our acquisitive propensities,
as furnishing the gravamina required. •
We may be excused, under the circumstances,
for alluding, in the first place, to the charges which
this indictment does not contain. We are not ac-
cused of mill-administration, of oppre-sing the
people by taxation, of being indifferent to their
wants, or disregarding their welfare. Not a
syllable is said in disparagement of the general
relations maintained between the Indian Govern-
ment and its subjects, while it is freely admitted
;bat the native press abus,cl its privileges by'
traducing and reviling the au thorit ies of the country.
Although our rule is that of conquerors, we are
lot charged with any tyrannical use of our power,
excepting on the points referred to, nor ig it in
any way intimated that the hundred millions of
liindoos subject to the sceptre of Britain have
any reason to be discontented with the dominion
tiler which they live. These omissions in. the
mouth of a censor convey, we think, no faint
praise, and may serve to convince the world that
he onslaught we are now resisting, though it may'
have been facilitated by errors of policy, has not
been provoked by misrule.
On the subject ef our alleged encroachments, we
venture to say that the territorial distribution of
India still actually existing is sufficient to,rebut the
barge, at the same time that the known circum-
stances of the revolt imperatively forbid us to attri-
bute its outbreak in any degree to calist-ts deduced
(Tom
,such assumptions. For a whole century We
eave now been the strongest Power in a country
where Might has for aces been esteemed equivalent
to right, and where the t:oeure of all dominion was
so precarious that 50 years' possession was thought
to constitute a notable inheritance. For a long
•itne past we have been absolutely supreme--se
supreme that our will was law, while our acknow-
ledged position as Sovereigns paramount enti led
is to the rights of suer. many and reversion over
all the territories of India. Yet, with :hese chalices
in our favour, and with the stimulus incessantly
4risiug from the spectacle of misgoverned pre-
vinces, and the convictions of mis aken policy,
eve have not only tolerated but have even UN'
tected against the retributive wrath of their owe
subjects scores of Princes whose titles t., demi'
eion were founded in many instances either on
recent usurpation or violeet conquest. Until the
escheat of Nagpore, a short time time, the whole
centre of the Peninsula was absorbed by the
IVlahratta States and the dominiens of the Nine/.
The spacious districts of Rajpootna are still studded,
with Hindoo Principalities, and many a Rajah of
whose very name Englishmen are ignorant lives
under the aegis of British supremacy in a pomp and
affitieuce which might rank with these of Europeae
SoYereigettee. If at last we terminate misrule ill
Oude by the depes,tion of a Prince whose ancestor
we ourselves had crowned, we make b Id to
that under no Government but ours would a Slate
so situated and. so characterised have been tole-
rated so long. An Oriental Envoy once, on observ-
ing the riches of gold and jewelry displaee.i in ,the
shops of the metropolis, remarked to his attendant
that our Queen could have very little power, im-
plying that meter a Gtevernment of his own conch p=
tien such t mpting treasures would have been.
proMptly appropriated by the Menerch on the
throne. To Asiatic eyes our rule in India must
offer analogous teemples of forbearance, and the
very catalogue of 'Rajahs and millionaires for ',eh e'e
hoards we are said to be gaping ought to speak for
the justice of that Government under which, for
the first time in Indian history, such acquisitions
have been permanently secure.
In refutation of the statement that the rankling,"
of injustice in the breasts of deposed families hay°
created the insurrection now raging, we need 01111
point to the notorious fact that the great land-
holders and chieftains, as a b tdy, have stood aloof
from the rebellion. That Asiatics, whose very hie
s intrigue, and who revel with all the sensations(),
luxury in the turbid waters of a revoletiou, should
abstain, in every must once from,partic p t ion in the
troubles now pending was never to be imagined ;
' but the instances of def, ctien have been so few',
and the examples of fidelity—on whatever motives
grounded—so numerous, as to prove beyond tbe
possibility of doubt that the revolt neithsr
nated with this class of mer, nor meets with their
sum_ ort. Here and there, where the su,t,cessee of 3,
mutinous soldiery have destroyed for a motive"
the authority Of the Government, a native chief-
tain may eyed himself of the opportunity which
others have created for him , but that tires!
Princes, where they hate risen at all, have follows,"
the revolt, and not led it, is as plain a fact as eel'
dense can constitute. Little, indeed, would a
wealthy Rajah gain by the proclamation of 3
Mahowedan Emperor under the auspices of a
ra-
venous army !
When we turn to the remedial measures which
the correspondent, of the Nord conceives te be re'
quired for the settlement of India under that resto-
re ion of our supremacy which he pl-enty reg ads
as incontestable, we discern still more, distilictli
how little can really be alleged against us. W°
are not toll to reform our Administretien, to re-
model our Government, or reconsider our syserll
of taxation as affecting the natives at large.
We are not even advised to observe greater
m 'aeration in dealing wi:h the Princes of t'l°
country. We are simply told to maintain a some"
what larger European force, to clevelepe railleeYt'
arid other means of utter communication, and t°,
organi-e, both provincially and mtrnicieally, ago'
, body of police. It is not imprebahle teat the neer-
sures actually adopted ,may coincide with the
comm-relations here given, but to refer to them s'
indica ing the policy tequ red for tee future trail:
quility of India is equivalent to an adoission that
there fee no graver errors of Government to 10
rec:ified. We have kept too small a number ,
European troops in India, beyond a doubt ; we hav°,
not push! d on railway euterpzise with silt:Udell.'
vi our, and the police of litudostan might, be' assi-
milated with great advantage to the l o ice if the
Punjab ; but, if these are the on'y points on whiebl
of er a century's possession of Ada•ic empire,
are called upon to amend our ways, we do De"
think teat either England or her Indian aduriells"
tretors Lave much to be ashamed of.

EXPOSURE OF INCAJX-TAX PAPER —With reference
to ti.ie improper sale of iucome-tex schedules in Leede'
the foloA lug letter has been addressed to Mee,ri-
Beckett and Co., bankers, one of the firms whose scbt"
dule was thus exposed :—" R-venue, S ,merot•
r
papers
house, London, W.C., Aug. 24, 1857. —Gentlemen,'"
The Board of Inland Revenue direct me to thank yoll
for your communication of the 221 instant, encloAug a
copy
in regard to the disposal of income-tx schedule
°
to a shopkeeper at Leeds, and to interim, you that,
ofa letteriet, which has appeared 'Ere Leeds nesc
concurrently with your note, they received a report from
the surveyor of Leeds as to the cirournstanc, s. It ape
pears that the returns and papers alluded to were in
possession of Mr. Nichi,Loo, the c erk to the Distrin;
ClB on
that his widow gave directions that tuh"
im ionnistsliiso nt
ago r et; Taxes, at the time of his death, ab
cumulation of old papers relating to the taxes, which;
hal been in the office of her deceased hasband, should wi;
:estroyed, for that purpose superintended ie per'(-it
the removal of them from her house int.', the stone-.‘
of the cemetery at Woodhou,e, which yard immediate/5r
4dj gins her he use, tor the purpose of being burnt. I,lft
.stone-yard' is stated to he a place) suited for tufo
purpose, bug detached and surrounded by a wait of
te.,t in height. It appeared tha, dur;n the prog'o'
burning Mrs. Nicholson walked ba :kw ands and ft rvccr a
between her house and the yarn of the cemetery, ano
tt at in the Lit. real, of her aosence an opportunity las
aken by the Eoxkji of the c nut .ry, in conjunction Who
ihelnasons employed there, to remove a quantity °I; ea
gapers out of the stone-yard. The sexton acknowleogg.
t ist this was done without the knowl oge ut be
Nicholson. Toe sexton substcp_ently disposed of ..aa
papers about 12 months ago to three tradesmen ; and
they have d, livered up the p, rtion'of then: undisPo,bo9o
of, The
recovered are papers 0f tie year 1842. The 13'2_0
papers relating to the ine,,ro(-Ipx awoug Ward
understa.,d that the carnrnission'eta of the district !to
about to institute a fui thr investigation into the In°All3,,
I am, gentlemen, your obedient servant, Thos.
'3()14
Messrs. Beckett and Co., Old tank, Leeds."