The Sun.
London, England, 1844-07-18 00:00:00

GrILAVEBRND -STAR PACKETS
FURTHER hEntrc, riox OF FARES.
SIXPENCE AND NINCF)f.).:CE,
Boat and Illackwall Railway Included.
''runt the Brunswick Wharf, Blackwall,
'""40,131 included 'at Ten, Eleven - Twelve, Thr,e, Four,
Six, and Half-past Seven
At Nu,. From the 'Terrace tier, Gravesend,
""..,,If-past Nine, Half-past Twelve, Two,* Four, Six, Seven,
and Eight.
• On Sundays at Five instead of Two.
=ere cab!, and Secorl-class Ca*riage, Sixpence; Saloon and
Star First-chess Carriage, Ninepence.
tat-ice, Gravesend, July 10, 1844*
IttulNG HABlTS.—Ladies are invited to in-
o„.*_ "Peet tho'.ie made by Messrs. NICOLL, Habit-makers to the
s",l and remit of the Ladies of the Court.
Are.. ,trils may be had at 111, Regent-street, London.
terre °". e
-Nicoll offer moderate prices, as a further inducement to a
et atting hatdt,

NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUR

• ANC E SOCIETY,
24, CORNIIILL, LONDON.
Capital £500,000.
Empowered by Act of Parliament.
DIVISION OF PROFITS.
succeeo and increasing prosperity of the Society has
I,ll:4l34l„e_DB,L"aoveters, at the last annual investigation, to declare a
erit; eraaiug GO per cent. on the amounts invested 01 each
*cl d on tke Profit scale.

a
tlI
EXAMPLES.
~.. ^ t a- 5
i w z. -
-, 4
~ y Premium.. il Bonus Bonus ii g. Et. O:,.
added. Cask. :.- F ? .: • -. a
. , ::: a •i- ,'"::: 4 :.-.;
... . ? s "4 - m
.....„ i •'-
I 4 4 s. 4. X s. 4. X s. 4. X s. 4. X s. da
111001 1837 170 9 3 77 b 1 12 3 9 346 9 3
14 3 - 4 1838 114 2 1 64 b 6 9 16 4 296 13 4
.-------._ 1839 116 16 0 51 ill 7 11 9 247 4 i

kit%
tie at
eftbe vision of profits is annual, and the next will be nada in De-
.:4 the present year.
V.:4 institution offers many important and substantial :Orlin-
N7:1% respect both to Life Assurances and Deferred Annuities.
144, „Ured has, on all occasions, the power to borrow, without ex-
(see Al forfeiture of the Policy, two-thirds of the premium paid,
stm..7"le): also the option of selecting benefits, and the conversion
haLliterests to meet other conveniences or necessity. Assurances
—"ni of years are granted on the lowest possible rates.
F. FERGUSON CAMROUX, Soc.

"EASED AND HEALTHY LIVES
ASSURED.
kEDICAL,INVALID, and GENERAL LIFE
OFFICE, 25, PALL-MALL, LONDON.
TRUSTEES.
Charles Hopkinson, Esq., Regent-street.
Sir Thomas Phillips, Temple.
Alfred Waddilove, D.C.L, Doctors' Commons.
Idward DteecToas.
oeo°rre; Spurort'ebyl.7dstareey't. Esq.'
249, C. Richardson, Esq.e, 19, Bru-
ton-street, Berkley.square.
tom" Gun Hay, Esq., 127, Thomas Stevenson,Esq., F.S. A.,
.7.
1, 7 street. 37, Upper Grosvenor-street.
Cannsen, Esq., F R.S., 80, Robert Bentley Todd, M.D.,
kenia,rldge-terrace, Hyde-park. F.R.S., 26.Parliamentstreet.
17" n Phillips, Esq., F.R.S., Alfred Waddilove,
s WiroPole-street. I Doctors' Commons.
Jlb AUDITORS.
Pursord, Esq., 7, York- J. Stirling Taylor, Esq
Neaaee, Regent's-park. I 14, Upper Gloucester-place,
Radford, Esq., 27, I Dorset-square.
sarnbridge terrace, Hyde- ( Martial L. Welch, Esq.. Wynd-
Plok.
I ham-place Bryanston-square.
STANDING CouNsEL—John Shapter, Esq., Lincoln's Inn.
an,,l3analsas—Messrs. C. Hopkinson and Co., Regent-street.
"ielToas M s Richardson and Smith, Golden-square.
b • -- eSlir .
'WAITER/IT or MEDICAL STATISTICS—WiIIiam Farr, Esq.,
General Register Office.
ACTUARY—F. G. P. Nelson, Esq.
by'rlfit Office is provided with very accurately constructed tables,
*inch it can assure unsound lives on equitable terms.
-r tables enable the Society to grant increased annuities on
Zuritl lives, the amount varying with the particular disease.
;raisers of consumptive families assured at equitable rates.
eZahlry lives are assured on lower terns than at most ether
ape rat Life Assutance Society commenced business in. 1705,
the principles of life contingencies, understood at that time to
Thy litaited extent only, have repeatedly undergone important
..
titt4el;" and improvementstill the establishment of this So
psfs'e.!n 1841 no attempt had ever been made to assure the lives of
Thus who suffer from disease.
: science of statistics has only within a recent period been
hen".sibilY applied to the duration and mortality of disease, and
forkitables on the probability ef these results could not have been
Sirens"; and it would evidently have been unsafe and hazardous
liaise society to have undertaken the risk of assuring the lives of
%tie"' afflicted with any particular malady. The stati,tical in.
l s 1 ;ton. however, now collected, and in possession of this office,
%%es° great an exteat as fully to warrant the extension of life
asitirsanFe to such cases, and, in fact, to place the application of life
h 0" on diseased lives on a more secure basis than even that
It h ealth
Y lees.
ealas"°Ped that while kept clearly in view that this Society, in
;t Is n*ith ether offices, will assure the lives of healthy persons, „ -
'Mout'," Yet the only one established to assure the lives of, ersons
NI 4.1 Under disease ; and to this latter feature particular wen-
In ected,
111 otk."enrst place, because it opens a larger field for business than
Sec, Laihces can have unitedly ; and in the
s
"trtl.nat.-- Place, because that branch of assurance must, from its
perms Sere, be less hazardous, and its principles rest on a more
The,:n foundation.
ellilat..are two highly important facts and we shall enter into an
The °n of each ; and first, as to the prevalence of disease.
Nee, ;cried of life most important to an assurance office is that be-
atcle,i, 00 years of age, and in the tillowing remarks we refer
/t ..-7eY to this period of life.
)s,e"ill be found that the deaths In the metropolis for the two
Nut, Preceding 1842 were, from all causes, 30,518 ; and
.from
the t 'ant
it 1•11 alone 10,688 ; showing that more than one-third of
..4nceot- deaths in that period of life takes place from th e preva-
"ith a single disease • and if the same inquiry were instituted
.
ill 'I.-Peet to other disease*, such as asthma, dropsy, diseases) f
ofuead, heart, arc. it would be found that morn than one-half
ins acs;:a whole populalion would, on medical eamination, he refused
his into an assurance office. If thex inquiry be carried to
%Veinal towns in England, like facts are elicited—in Bir-
k e'tt"aro, Liverpool and Manchester, the deaths from all causes,
I,pB. uM. are about 5,023, while those from consumption are
etre °, forming
considerably more than one-third of the whole. The
ISt: will be found to hold good in the large towns In Scot-
' six of which the deaths in a given period, from all causes,
ft -tinted to 23,078, those from consumption alone to 6,359, and
thlt4important diseases, 9,754; in the latter case forming more
th'n 42per cent of the deaths from all causes. On reference to
Foe retu-rns from. the city of Glasgow for 1836-1840 It will be
bosh that the deaths in that period, from all causes, were 14,107,
--e e than 15 t'muumpper centtion 4,480 f the 7, and
deaths from all a list of five dcauses iseases, 6,423, being
xhe di " -
theonie
form,
here alluded to are such as exist in general in a
An a "frna frequently for many years prior to death, but which,
Denton, soe- medical examination, would effectually exclude the
eittiorhstfilurtilerpafesetthedatfront the benefits of life assurance ; and since
The majority elf the population is included in this
to be value
and importance of the new feature of' this society
Cannot fail
Astaly appreciated.
Meth iese°nd Point to be explained is the fact that there is
Aar risk risk in assuring diseased lives. This is a feature of
deger, nt And vital importance to the interests of this society, and
Th_caeto he carefully considered.
the ral risk incurred in all assurance transactions consists in
deti...af e to which an office is liable of experiencing a different
aellitryeez:loatrtrttbrntyo,rtality from that expected by the tabjes on which its
_nil are founded. This difference is termed the fluctuation
and will be found to be much less among diseased
b,_nan over the general population, and among selected lives.
1447_ deaths , from consumption in the metropolis per annum are
fra% "II near the annual number which takes place in Glasgow,
rileits„ll causes, to admit of a comparison, and by reducing the
in th-,14 figures it is found that while the fluctuation per annum
sot; 'atter case is as high as 45 per cent., In the former it is only
tallse tent, or, in other words, the fluctuation of mortality in
tis,troPtion was only one-fifth of the other ; and in Manchester,
amallett and Birmingham, even with the disadvantage of
thowil numbers, the fluctuation does not exceed 3 per cent.,
Aloft a remarkable uniformity in the law which determines the
is °f this disease, and that it is more positive and absolute
~oneuresults than that which regulates the general population.
dered InPtion has here beets selected, not because it was consi-
Itaterin°re favourable in its results, but simply on account of the
aeder „,,"nThers affording a more satisfactory proof of the question
ttntq nsideration ; but the same test has been applied to a great
'144, ?f other diseases, and like results obtained. Among nine
attess 'nth* metropolis, including asthma, dropsy, rheumatism,
liletueetni_f the liver, of the heart, of the nervous system, &c.. the
I,ltskt "" was only 71 per cei.t., and in five diseases in a different
anwtlie fluctuation was about 7 per cent., while Amon eleven
t,-Zer locality, and even with small numbers, the fluctuation
Nis"' sicced 6.2 per cent. ; and taking the principal towns in
41teral including Manchester, Liverpool, Birmingham, Leeds.
‘litee47' 4,C., the fluctuation over eleven of the more important
The was 6'4 per cent.
!lice
dill remarkable uniformity in these results cannot fail to pro.
'ac.nairiction of the positive character of the law of mortality
taateindeed, there setae' to I,e nothieg within the whole
kttlit;„ ...07 the doctrine of probabilities so well defined as the mor.
at rs,„: diseased lives. The mortality of the general population
taint "sully been referred to by writers as an example of the cer-
:se ,;°' eornmon events, but the preceding remarks must show with
niend'achlreater certainty the mortality of diseased lives can be
"i" on,
!,4tttl;,`, perhaps right to state, that, in applying the test of
b'''.4l Jan to disease, it has not been confined to one place or
Znelni,,liTelt but has been extended to the principal towns in
;a4, ;." and Scotland, as well as t- •nany rural districts in Eng-
41teti."d included the experience er one or two large societies of
!Itser,"'". This has afforded an opportunity of judging of the
11,4 locality and its sanatory condition on the duraticn of
i"St th" 4 a remarkable fact has thus been developed, viz.,
value of life generally is much greater in the coun-
whn -‘ricts in cities; but that of those persons
sno, than large
from disease the value of life Is nearly the same. As
tints of this—the expectation at the age of 30 in the country
„tante ;6.7 years; ir, cities (viz., Glasgow) 27.6 years—diffe-
:ll neirly; but take the case of persons of that
te-'lltaafe"l:°M the consumptive tendency is de eloped, and who will
ant' (ne of consumption, and their expect ate at of life in the
'es of
%„t‘t• -.sex Suffolk, and Norfolk, will be found to be 14'5,
th"nghtakulasliovi;) 14'4, and in the metrepolie, Manchester, Bir-
t.ltt 13'; difference 017 per cent. (or 1.57 per cent.) It
enst`acee iii
%the nearl .
111°.;" aPPears that while the difference between country and
the former case is
. about 33. per cent., that in the latter
tnts (consumption) the difference is almost nothing, and the
rdist Y uniform.
The
same thing holds good with some
4.kt. h me,. which have been investigated in this manner. This
te-s:1 to-Zgh not enerally understood, is only what might have
b g careful consideration of the conclusion formerly
-04,,,-tilatltahecaflreuctuation of the law of mortality in disease
"a•rieed"7. Within • a very narrow limit, and consequently little in-
k Ithett ekternal circumstances.
N I alVears that the fluctuation in the mortality of diseased
sal q, trillch
d less than among select lives and the population gene-
"rak L therefore the risk of assuring diseased lives must also be
To . •
i"laf ki)PIY this conclusion to the affairs of an assurance 'Ace, it
stated • h umber of lives in a society,
14 nett , that supposing t e n
i 4."1 select lives, was such that the table of mortality would
16,41,- 00 deaths per annum, it would be necessary to have
s'o th.attcient funds at immediate command to meet 145 deaths;
rito.,i; other hand, an office assuring only diseased lives need not
; °' rnOttl tht
an 109 deaths per annum ; that is to say, the
anis klanring diseased lives is to that of average lives as 9 to 45,
'Ws one fin,
af't-.asie,
Dire! This fact is highly important to the interests.of
n Y. and establishes beyond doubt the safety and correctness
For psi
on which it is founded.
and ettliurthee information, reference is made to the prospectuses
talent
,4aa Published docurirsnts of the Society, which may be oh.
akiPtleation at the Society's offices.
F. ff. P. WEISON. Actuary.

Alit
aEsT. APERIENT AND ANTIBILIOUS MEDICINE
It ANr FOR OCCASIONAL USE.
„ -''t P TON'S PILL OF HEALTH
);:p,,,,itZettually relieves the stomach and bowels by gentle relaxa.
In!, .it_kniie3t Piping or prostration of strength. They r emove head-
s,,lne tto,.. s, Jizzittess, pain. in the chest, &c.,
.are highly grateful
11;. depe'Zeh, promote digestion, create appetite, relieve langour
et htl.,, who " of spirits ; while re those of a full habit and free
t .F_lriß in t,!!e. continually suffering Prow drowsiness, heavine• s, and.
by %-, 41,N._,.., nead and ears, they offer advantages that will not fai
14, ,-,-,t.. ted.
,the.„',._• Vrnut,2%, Strand. London, Price Is. I;id._iser box i and
It.^4lt ti';'''s of Medicinee generally throughout the Wogdom.
44kattiZABIPTON'S PILL of HEA LTH. and observe the
tem
t Ituip
ot Thezurroul,229, stxant6 London," en goo