The Sun.
London, England, 1850-11-11 00:00:00

LONDON, MONDAY EVENING,

if they were not accompanied by such strong marks
of authenticity.

Tho immense productiveness of the Irish Fisheries;
the large profits which might be realized from them
at a comparatively small expense ; the immense
benefit which would be conferred on Ireland by giving
constant employment to the starving poor along the
coast; the advantages which must result to the whole
empire from an abundant and unfailing supply of so
wholesome and nutritious an article of food, have
supplied a fruitful theme to writers both in England
and Ireland. The public press of both countries has
pointed to the Irish fishing-grounds as to mines of
wealth. Books have been published on the subject
by gentlemen of great intelligence--indeed, all com-
petent authorities agree that, as a source of industrial
employment, it is one of the most important in the
three kingdoms.
Yet, within view, even within reach of such rich
resources, the most abject poverty is known to prevail.
Frequently the listless fisherman will see shoals upon
shoals of the most exquisite fish so close to shore that,
even with his crazy boat and ill-appointed tackle, he
could secure a large quantity. A few he will procure,
to supply the necessities of the day, but more than
this would be useless waste. He has no market to
send it to while fresh, and no salt or means of curing
it. In utter hopelessness he must turn away, bitterly
feeling his inability, from his poverty and isolated posi-
tion, to render subservient to his uses the goods placed
within his reach by an all-bountiful PROVIDENCE.

We remember with what universal approbation the
press of both countries hailed the formation of
the " Great Western Fisheries Company," and
all the happy consequences that were anticipated.
Wealth and plenty were to be introduced into
the dreary abodes of the Irish fishermen ; all
was to be bustle and trade. From Bantry to
Donegal Bay, from famine-stricken Skull to wild
Connemara there was not to be a hand unemployed.
Large vessels were to be supplied ; the best tackle
was to be provided, curing stations and marts were to
be established at convenient points and distances
along the shore. In short, a new El Dorado was dis-
covered which would yield a golden harvest to Ireland
and the empire.

But, alas! these dreams have not been realized.
We believe this company is still in existence ; but
from Irish apathy and want of English enterprise they
have been unable to carry out their benevolent inten-
tions. It is to be lamented that gentlemen of wealth,
spirit, and philanthropy, such as Mr. OWEN, are so
rare. His experiment on Irish peat, we have seen,
has realized more than one hundred per cent. We
have little doubt a fishing company would realize a
still larger profit, while the advantages to the empire
would be incalculably greater from the improved social
and physical condition of Ireland.

CABINET COUNCIL.—(Tnxs DAY.)—A Cabinet
Council was held at the Foreign Office to-day, at one
o'clock, at which were present the Marquis of Lans-
downe, Lord John Russell, the Lord Chancellor (who
came from his Court at Lincoln's Inn), the Marquis of
Clanricarde, Earl Grey, the Earl of Carlisle, the Earl
of Minto, Viscount Palmerston,' the Chancellor of
the Exchequer, Sir George Grey, Sir John C. Hob-
house, Sir Francis T. Baring, the Right Hon. Fox
Maule, and the Right Hon. H. Labouchere. The
Ministers were in deliberation when we went to
press. Some of the Ministers are expected to leave
town to-morrow to attend a Privy Council at Windsor
for the further prorogation of Parliament.

OXYGEN, MAGNECTIC.—Mr. Faraday, at the last
monthly meeting of the Royal Institution, announced to the
members present his discovery (the subject of a paper sent
in to the Royal Society) that oxygen is magnectic, that this
property of the gas is affected by heat, and that he believes
the diurnal variation of the magnectic needle to be due to the
action of solar heat on this newly-discovered characteristic of
oxygen—the important constituent of the atmosphere. We
do not mean to give the above as the terms of Faraday's an-
nouncement, or as the exact facts of the conclusions drawn
from his last experimental researches, but only as a foresha-
dowini of the new results and views of one of our most emi-
nent British philosophers. We must add, however, that
Bequerel also has recently directed attention to a somewhat
similar conclusion; he communicated to the Academy of
Sciences at Paris, that oxygen is magnectic in relation to the
other gases, as iron is to the rest of the metals, and inferred
that it is probable or possible (we have not the paper by us
to refer to) that diurnal variation may be connected with
this property of oxygen.—Literary Gazette.

SINGULAR COINCIDENCR.—Last week a boy, named
William Shakspear, was charged before Mr. Lucy, magistrate
of Birmingham, with pocket picking. The incident caused
some amusement in the police-court.

DOCK YARD.—William Edye, Esq., has taken the
direction and superintendence of the works of the new basin
at this yard.— Devonport Independent.
LORD MAYOR'S DAY AND DINNER.—The Ob-
server of Sunday, Nov. 10, gave five of their folio columns
of the City dinner, and all matters connected therewith. The
Observer of Sunday, Nov. 3, gave the fullest report (upwards
of five of the Observer columns) of the Bishop of London's
charge at St. Paul's, on the previous Saturday. The exten-
sive publication of the Observer commences on Sunday morn-
ings at four o'clock, in time for all the early railways. Mon-
day's edition best for the country and abroad, Monday
afternoons at four o'clock, Price of the Observer, sixpence.
Office, 170, Strand.
DEPARTURE OF THE NIAGARA.—The British and
North American Royal Mail steamer Niagara, Captaiu Stone,
sailed on Saturday from Liverpool to New York direct. She
carried out 70 passengers, a good freight, and the usual
mails. The in-coming steamer, the America, from Boston
and Halifax, was expected at Liverpool on Saturday.

We have great pleasure in stating that her Majesty
has been pleased to grant a pension of 1001. a year to Mr.
John Payne Collier, the editor of Shakspeare, and author of
" The History of the English Stage." The warrant is dated
the 30th of last month, and expressly mentions that the
pension is given "in consideration of his literary merits."
Few men have done more than Mr. Collier for the illustra-
tion of our Elizabethan literature, and of the lives of the
many worthies of the great period of English poetry.
OXFORD, Nov. B.—This morning Mr. Harrison,
from Merchant Tailors' School, was elected a scholar; and
Mr. James Price Beck (late of Rui,by School) and Mr. Chas.
Alford Cookson, commoners, were elected Dean Ireland's
exhibitioners.

Mr. Edward O'Connor, who for the last 15 years
had been editor of the Dublin Evening Packet, expired sud-
denly at his residence on Wednesday last.
_ _ _

BALLOON ACCIDENT.—MADRID, Nov. 2.—A Mr.
Orlandi made a balloon ascension at Barcelona on the 27th
ult. As no news was obtained of him for two days, great
uneasiness was felt lest he should have met with the same
unhappy fate as Monsieur Arban. He had, however, a very
narrow escape of his life. The balloon was wafted over the
snow-covered mountains of Vallvidrera, where it was cove.
loped in a thick mist, now and then pierced by lightning.
The intrepid aeronaut was covered with a thick coating of
hail, that fell incessantly. The wind drove the balloon
with terrible velocity, and at last it fell into the sea, where
M. Orlandi, holding fast by the ropes, managed to keep him-
self above water during three hours, when he was washed on
shore at ten at night, his balloon being carried out to sea
again. After two hours spent on the sold sand he recovered
his strength sufficiently to get up and look out for shelter.
He was stopped by one of the coast-guard, who had like to
have shot him as a smuggler or a bandit, but who recognising
him as the man of the balloon (et hombre del globo) took him
to a village and put him to bed. A subscription has been set
on foot for him, as, with the loss orhis balloon, he has been
deprived of his only resource.

TOTAL DESTRUCTION OF A COTTON-MILL By FIRE.
—We regret to state that a fire occurred yesterday morning,
which resulted in the total destruction of one of the largest
cotton-mills in the neighbourhood of Glasgow, the property
of Messrs. Cooper, Walker, and Co., situated at Mile-ead,
Calton. Tht premises in question were of great extent, and
covered a large area, being, moreover, in the immediate
vicinity of two cotton-mills almost equally large. We be-
lieve the probable loss in buildings, machinery, &c., will not
be short of 34,0001. or 35,00.1., which is only partially met
by insurance—the amount covered, we have been informed,
being not more than 22,000/.—North British Mail.

His Grace the Duke of Wellington, accompanied
by the Marquis and Marchioness of Douro, drove into Dover
on Thursday afternoon, and paid a visit to the establishment
of Mr. John Haseldine. After making several purchases,
the Noble Duke left for Walmer Castle. We are happy to
say his Grace appeared in excellent health.—Dover Chronicle.
THEATRICALS AT WINDSOR CASTLE.—It is under-
stood that the annual dramatic representations before the
Queen, Prince Albert, and the royal family, and a brilliant
circle of distinguished visitors at Windsor Castle, will com-
mence to-morrow (Monday) fortnight. The performances,
as on former occasions, will be under the immediate direction
of Mr. Charles Kean. The first piece selected by her Ma-
jesty and her Royal Consort is that fine production of the
immortal bard—The First Part of Henry the Fourth.— Weekly
Chronicle.

AN INVISIBLE SELF-ACTING CARRIAGE STEP.--
The numerous fashionable visitors who have, during the past
few days, inspected the elegant state equipage of the Lord
Mayor elect, at the establishment. of Messrs. Laurie and
Muller, have been further gratified with a view of a novel
and interesting invention which the firm have recently pro -
duced, bearing the above appellation. It presents the advan-
tage of having steps of a light and.elegant
.character attached
to a carriage without the beauty or uniformity of its design
being destroyed by that unsightly excrescence exhibi ed
when steps are affixed externally, or causing that discomfort
and inconvenience occasioned by the loss of space when fitful
internally. The invention would not be inaptly termed the
" Magic Step," for while the doors of such carriages remain
closed not a vestige of such an adjunct can be detected, but
no sooner is a door opened than, simultaneously and noi,:e-
lessly, that convenient appendage, a light and tastefully-
formed step, presents itself without any apparent agency,
whatever returning to its place with the same facility on the
door being re-closed.

The Earl of Carlisle, accompanied by the Hon. C.
Howard, dined with his tenantry at Brampton on Wednes-
day. His Lordship had arrived somewhat unexpectedly,
just as they were about to sit down to the court dinner, and
at once joined them at the social board without ceremony.
George Cotter, Elq., is appointed Puisne Judge of
the Supreme Court at St. Lucia, in the room of M. Lafitte,
deceased.

ELECTION OF MAYDR OF LIVERPOOL. - LIVER-
rooL, SATuan.,tv, Nov. D.—The election of mayor of this
town took place to-day. The two candidates were Mr.
Councillor Littledale, the representative of the, merchant
princes, an exceedingly wealthy and liberal gentleman ; rnd
Mr. Alderman Bent, the representative of the tradesmen,
also enormously rich, and of high standing in the town.
Mr. Bent was elected by a majority of 36 to 26.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Pais journals of Saturday
and of yesterday.

M. CARLlEtt,the Prefect of Police, has published
an official denial of the trul of the report made to the
Committee of Permanence that the members of the
Society of the Tenth Dumber had conspired to as-
sassinate General CHANGARNIEr, and M. Dun N. On
this subject we find the following in the Constitu-
tionnel

" The recital of what passed in the Permanent Com-
mittee was exact, but is it necessary to say that the facts
relative to which this strange scene took place were not
only completely false, but without any kind of serious
foundation ? The following is a faithful account of this
astonishing matter. A member of the Committee cer-
tainly came, and declared to his colleagues that on the
night of October 29 twenty-six persons, belonging to the
Society of the I)ix D6.embre had met at a grocer's.in the
Rue des Saussaies, to deliberate on the question if
General Changarnier and M. Dupin were to be assassi-
nated. The General's death was first put to the vote,
, and decided on unanimously; on that of M. Dupin there
were 22 votes in its favour, and four against it. The
grocer, who preAdel over the meeting, seeing this un-
expected difference of opinion energetically declaimed
against the traitors, and then the vote was again com-
menced. Twenty-three votes were given in favour of
death. The grocer again broke out against such conduct.
A third vote took place, and at last M. Dcpin had the
whole of the votes against him. Lots were then drawn
to designate those who were to strike the blow. Two
pieces of raper, cue marked with a C, for Changarnier,
and the other with a D, for Dupin, were thrown into a
hat. The man who drew out the first returned thanks
to Heaven for having been selected as the avenger of
his country. The other who drew out the second had a
less firm mind, and ho nearly fainted. It was necessary
to give him several glasses of burnt brandy to recover
him. Such was the account given to the Committee.
It thrilled with horror, as may well be imagined. The
members asked each other how it happened that the per-
sonages menaced with death had not been informed of
the matter by the Minister of the Interior and the Pre-
fect of Police; there was in that either a strange inca-
pacity or went of information, perhaps were something
worse. The Committee appointed a sub-committee of
three delegates, MM. Leon Faucher, Baze, and Monnet,
to go and ask explanations from M. Baroche respecting
his strange silence. They did so, and explained the
matter to him with all the gravity which the circum-
stances required. M. Baroche was at first seized with
a singular perplexity, not kaowing exactly whether he
ought to look on the matter as serious, or laugh at ie.
He saw, however, that the gentlemen who had called
on him were perfectly serious, particularly as one of
them informed him that M. Dupin bad left the rue du
Bac, and taken up his residence at the hotel of the
President of the Assembly, in order to piece his life
in greater surety. M. Baroche assured the three mem-
bers of the Committee that he would at once set about
obtaining ,information, and forthwith he prcceeded to
the hotel of the President of the Assembly. M. Dupin
had not removed there; the members of the Committee
had been deceived. M. Baroche then went to M. Dupin's
private residence, and had little difficulty in persuading
his old colleague at the bar, that he would not have
shown any negligence in watching over his safety, bed
he known that his life was in peril. M. Baroche then
returned home, and did all he could to find out the real
bearings of this strange matter, and at last he sifted the
circumstances to the bottom. What he discovered was
as follows :—There exists at the National Assembly a
special functionary charged with the duty of making
reports to the President of the Assembly on the political
situation of Paris. That functionary is appointed by
the executive power, and has no relations with that
' power; he receives his salary from the city of Paris, and
has no relations with the superior authorities f the
city. He is accountable only to the President of the
Assembly. Such a situation is, as will be at once per-
ceived, altogether anornaaL This functionary has not
under his hand the means of obtaining information which
the police have at their disposal; he is informed simply
by one or two agents which depend on him. But this
functionary was deceived by false information, which to
all :appearance these men were only too ready to give
him. Consequently, when the Minister commenced his
inquiries, every one replied, that there was not a word
of truth in ell that had been related to him. The
Procureur of the Republic wrote to the Prefect of
Police, and the latter replied—' The whole matter is
a wineshop story, reported by a drunkard, and
to which the functionary attached to the Na-
tional Assembly has assigned an importance quite
deplorable for the public, and ridiculous for himself.'
Consequently, what is found at the bottom of the pre-
tended plot which so wonderfully disturbed the Com-
mittee? A foolish piece of pleasantry—a hoax, passed
off on a drunken agent by the frequenters of wineshops.
If, before bringing the matter to the knowledge of the
Permanent Committee, he had asked for information
from the Minister of the Interior, this wretched mysti-
fication would have been avoided. This silly story may,
however, servo to enlighten the public as to the source
of the reports which have so often disturbed the Com-
mittee. The functionary, from whom it receives re-
ports, in order to justify his exceptional position, consi-
ders himself particularly charged to protect the Assem-
bly against the evil designs of the Executive Power, and,
in consequence, the surveillance which he exercises is
directed in that spirit. From that have arisen those
absurd rumours, those ridiculous alarms, which so often
penetrated into the Permanent Committee. And it is
with those histories of coups-d'itat, of plots, of drawir g
lots to designate the persons who are to assassinate,
that disquietude has been so ofen excited, and interests
alarmed! The Permanent Committee must permit us
to tell it that in all this it has manifested a credulity,
much to be regretted."

General PIAT has addressed the following letter to
the members of the Council General of the Society of
the Dix Decembre :

"A decree, dated the 7th of this month, dissolves the
So2iety of Mutual Assistance, the Dix Decembre. Men of
order before all, we must submit to this dissolution. In
consequence the meeting of to-morrow, Saturday, cannot
take place. You will be hereafter convoked for the
liquidation.ot the accounts of the society. Receive, &c.,
" GENERAL PIAT.
" Paris, Eth Nov."

N. CARLIER, the Prefect of the Police, has sus-
pended the salary of AL YON, the Commissary of the
Police attached to the Legislative Assembly, and
published a letter, in which he gives as his reasons
for this measure that "on a recent occasion M. YON
thought fit to address inexact reports to members of
the Assembly respecting a pretended conspiracy
against General CUANGARNIEN and the President of
the Chamber, without having at the same time trans-
mitted these reports to the Prefecture of Police."
The National says that N. DUPIN is determined to
propose to the Assembly a special vote for the purpose
of making good to N. YON the salary of which he is
thus deprived.

The Jesuit Univers publishes a furious attack on
Lord Joan RUSSELL'S letter to the Bishop of Durham.
The Journal des _Wats, in speaking of that impor-
tant document, says---,1
This letter is very sharp in
terms, but at bottom it is moderate, and is certainly
not unworthy of the liberalism of which the Minister
has so often given proofs during the long course of his
political life.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, Nov. 9.
Boulogne and Amiens, 73%—Central of France (Orleans
and Vierzon), 141/B—Namur and Liege, 71—Northern of
France, 111/6—Paris and Rouen, 21—Rouen and Havre, 9%.

GERMANY.
ENTRY OF AUSTRIAN TROOPS INTO COBURG
THE PRUSSIAN LANDWHER CALLED OUT.
The Cologne Gazette of yesterday contains the
following telegraphic dispatches :
" BERLIN, FRIDAY AFTERNOON.
" If.; is said that a body of Austrian troops, marching
from Bamberg:, have entered Coburg, on their way, as it
is supposed, to Schleswig-Holstein. The Duke of Co-
burg is reported to have arrived in Berlin."
" BERLIN, FRIDAY EVENING.
"The Deutsche Reform, which has just appeared,
contains an article in which it is; asserted that the Go-
vernment has not Tot abandoned the hope of tecuring rn
honourable peace oy means of its Energetic military de-
monstrations."
" An answer from
,Vienna has arrived in the course
of the morning, and tue Ministry, under temporary pre-
sidency cf Colonel Ladenberg, is already deliberating
ou its contents. A definitive resolution will, however,
only be arrived at after a deliberation in which the Kieg
will act as President, and which will take place after
the arrival of Count Bernstorff, who has been delayed
on his journey by indisposition."
The Prussian Ilionzteur publishes the following
order :
" On the proposition of the Ministry, I approve of ti
immediate calling out of the army, and authorize the
Minister of War to take the necessary steps for that pur-
pose.

(Signed) "FREDERICK WILLIAM.
"VON LADENBER, VON MANTEUFFEL, VON DER
HEYDT, VON RABB, SIMONS, VON STOCR-
IIAUSEN.
"Berlin, Nov. 6, 1850."
A telegraphic dispatch, dated Berlin, evening of
.he 7th, says :
"Her Von Ladenborg will take the presidential chair
of the
issuedministry,hem v adii:n itnerao
Counti4siOrder itch
sheave it is reported,
been b,
erg,
the civil
commissary of the Diet, to delay as much possible, in
his p,--rations in the Electorate of Hesse, an attack upon
the Prussians."
The Berlin Bourse is in a panic in consequence of
the order for the mobilization of the Landwher ; the
public received the intelligence with rejoicing. The
order was given in consequence of the rejection by
Austria of the terms offered by Prussia, and the de-
mand made by the former for the immediate evacua-
tion of Hesse by the Prussian troops.
The following is from the Deutsche Reform :
" God command the blessing! With these words his
Maksty is said to have completed the important order,
by which the entire Prussian army is called to uphold
the honour and dignity of Prussia. God command his
blessing' will be the reply of tie whole Prussian people
to the inspiring call of its noble prince.
" Flow may we not hope that the blessing of God will
attend the earnest measures o' the Prussian Govern-
ment, after that this has hithert) studiously avoided ail
that did not strictly harmonize with its duties and rights,
end after haring erred, if at all from too great confi-
dence. in the sincerity of others, and too large a measure
of the spirit of self-abnegation, but, certainly, not
through haughtiness or to gratify a love of arbitrary
authority. Even to the twelfth hour was the dear de-