The Sun.
London, England, 1850-09-11 00:00:00

TURKEY.

A litter from Constantinople, of the 25th ult., sta'es
that g: eat sensation bad b 'en caused by the wife of
Mehemet Pacha having s rungled one of her eunuchs,
a silted by a groom and some other servants. She
has been arrested. She pretended that by law she
bad a right to kill him if she pleased. She was for.
merly the wife of an English phytician named Mel
lingen, but was divorced from him. It was believed
that, in spite of her high rink, she would be con-
demned.

STAIE OF TRADE.
(From tho Manclester Guardian of this day.)
MANCUESTER, "L'IMSDAY.—We have had another
in..nimate day. Tne merchants connec!ed with those
markets which are the mo,t open to our productions,
are still keeping aloof from business,, in that
state of perplexity as to the probable course tf
prices which the last uafavourahle change Ins
n aural] t, produced. The Greeks and Italians have
done a more in rims, at d printing
cloths, in some instances, on rather easier t:rnos ;
and s i
rurther concession has also led to ncreased,.
yet limi ed purchases of shirtings. In the price! of
yarns thei e is but slight variation from the quotations
of lest wt ek ; partially, the buyers have a trifling ad-
vantage, but the diverse views and positions of spin-
ners occasion much irregularity in the rates de-
manded. To some extent, however, the home, and,
ierhap9, also, the foreign, buyers, would have
found sellers rather more manageable yesterday
than they have done to-day. As regards warps and
cops, which have declined in a much greater pro-
portion than any other articles, there is observable
a rising impression that they are on the point of
thowieg a firmness which has not latterly belonged
to th m. And the smallness of the transactions,
wl et ler for shipment or for home consumption, du-
ring tbe„l,st four weeks, is leading people to expect
th it reenc d stocks in second and tiara hands must
shortly bring on a renewed demand ; especially as all
accounts agree in stating that the German manufac-
titers continue to be fully employed. A tendency
to firmness has also been imparted by the Niagara's
advices, showing an advance in the price of cotton in
all the ports or the States, in the face of accounts of a
giving way in England

pro luction lately, so that Accks are reported but
light. For thrown Bilks there is more inquiry, but
irices are much below the standard of raw material;
we, however, anticipate an advance, as old stocks are
generally worked off. In the raw Bilk market prices
are quoted firm.

HUDDEILSFIELD, TUESDAY.--We have had a good
active market to-day ; a large amount of business has
been done. Goods have changed hands freely, espe-
cially cheques and fancies, they being chiefly inquired
for. Stocks begin to look low, the manufacturers
being principally working to order. The business of
the week has been very brisk.
Ilmarax, SATURDAY.—The demand for some de-
scriptions of worsted is scarcely so good as it was,
but there is no alteration in prices. The German
houses are rather more rhy of giving out orders for
yarns, but the Russian houses order freely, and the
quotations are unchanged. There is not a great deal
doing in wool. The staplers are asking higher rates,
which are not readily acquiesced in.
LEFns, TUESDAY.—There is no change to note in
the woo len cloth trade since last week. The mills
continue to be fully employed, and stocks on all hands
are very low. There is a good business doing in the
warehouse by large buyers, and the shipping houses
are buisy for thii season of the year.

the time of his death. Was present when Dr. Braddel
made a post mortem examination of the child. There
appeared to be some watery fluid in the ventricles of
the brain, and the membranes covering it were of a
bad colour. There were also minute tubercles formed
near the base of the brain. The substance of the
brain was remarkably soft.
CORONER—Can you say what is the cause of the
child's death ? Witness—Yes ; the child died from
water on the brain, which appeared to follow an attack
of fever.

The witness continued to depose that the chest of
the child was also examined, and one of the lungs
was found diseased. There were other manifestations
of disease, which must have existed prior to the child's
last illness.

CORONER—WouId the blow of a whip cause the
injuries you describe ? Witness—Certainly not.
However, let me qualify it by saying that a blow of
a whip, if severe enough, would predispose the child
to fever, or, if given on the head, to water on the brain.

_ .
To a juror—The disease in the lungs had nothing
to do with the child's death.

Cross-examined by Mr. Jones—Examined the
child two days after the alleged injury, and found no
marks whatever on his body. It is quite possible
that giving the child fruit or treating it improperly
would produce convulsions. If there was a welt on
the cheek of the child on Wednesday, it certainly
must have left some traces on Friday, when witness
saw the deceased.

Dr. Braddel deposed to having made a post mortem
examination of the deceased. The vessels of the brain
and its membranes wt re much distended, and filled
with blond. Toinks this state of the brain arose from
inflammation, and that the watery fluid discovered in
the brain itself arose from the same cause. Had heard
that the child was injured in the head, and therefore
made a very minute examination, but could discover
no traces of any injury on that organ. A small lump
might have exisrel on the head a fornight ago. There
was nothing material in the cross-examination of this
witness.

In reply to the CORONER,
Dr. Berry, the former physician, stated that it had
gone abroad that as he was the medical nalatniing
the military, he ought not to make a post mortem
examination of this child, and therefore had Dr. Brad-
del called in.

The CORONER addressed the jury, who retired,
and, after some deliberation, returned with a verdict
of " Manslaughter against Capt. Bushes"
The crowd that thronged the outer part of the
court seemed overjoyed at the result of the inquest,
and some of them left the place crying "Bravo."

CERTIFICATES GRANTED.
T. J. Edward, King-street, S'. Georg::'s Bloontibary,
dressing case maker, certificate of the fiat class—W. H.
Griffiths, Newtown, Montgomeryshire, ironmonger, cer-
tificate of the second class, after 21 days from Sept. 5
W.syhurst, Liverpool, coach proprietor, certificate of
the first class, after twenty-one days from Sept. 4—M.
Colledge, Brinklow, Warwickshire, coal merchant.
PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED.
G. 'linings and F. Hinings, Pudsey, Yorkshire, dra•
pers—J. Clough and G. Clough, Bradftrd, Yorkshire,
ale and porter merchants—E Scott and W. Ezell, Dean-
street, Soho, timber merchants—Ann Ilickinbottom and
T. Hick inbottom, Aldgste High•street,•retail butchers—
J. Walker and W. Jones, Liverpool, ale and porter
dealers—W. Bryden and T. Porter, Liverpool, drapers
—T. Hawksley and R. Jalland, Nottingham, civil en.
gineers—W. Cox and IL W. Barnes, Manchester, t ;bac-
conists —J. Carr, G. Carr, M. L. Jobling, H. Lambert,
and N. G. Lambert, Seaton Sluic-, Northumberland, and
Cousin-lane, City, bottle. tnanufactur•rs (so far as re-
gards J. Carr. G. Carr, and R. Lambert)— G. Wild and
J. Nield, Stockport and Msnehester, cotton spinners—A.
Melross a.td J. Roberts, Northampton, curriers—J.
Hannaford and S. Giles, Plymou.h, ironfounders—J.
James and W. Nevison, Penrith —J. 11. Barnard, D.
Barnard, and IV. S. B 'ilium, Norwich, ironfounders—L.
H. Davy and IV. Wilkins, South Brent cod Ashburton,
Devonshire—J. Riley, J. S. Riley, and J. Russell, Liver-
pool and Carlow, provision merchants—M. S,eltax and
W. Gorst, Liverpool, coal deal- rs—F. Herbert, IV. H.
W. Burnett, and H. Lang, Sergeant's Inn, Fleet-street,
solicitors (so far as regards F. Herbert)—R. A. I'earre
and J. Pca-ce, Worsop, Nottinghamshire, saddlers—T.
Clarke, J. Armstrong, J. Clarke, and P. Hodgson, Car-
lisle, timber merchants.
INSOLVENT PETITIONERS.
William Thomas Wise, Oxford, bootmaker.
Robert Roberts, Dolgelly, Merionethshire, mine agent.
Ferdinand Rowohl, Manchester.

John Wright, Springfield, near Manchester, book keeper,
John Cameron, Manchester, cabinet maker.
James Hyde, Bickford, Staff,rdshire.
Francis Moreton, Staff ,rd, gardener.
Christopher Dodsley, Swinnertot , Staffordshire, clerk.
John Pring, Swilscombe. Devonshire, general dealer.
John Booth, Bradford, Yorkshire.
Henry Cook, East Donyland, Essex, master mariner.
George L-a, Liverpool, saddler.
Edward Kirby, Liverpool, anetione9r.
Joseph Unsworth, Liverpool, butcher.
Thomas Godfrey, Liverpool, shipbroker.
James Clarke, Liverpool, pork butcher.
John Williams, Liverpool, book keeper.
SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS.
_ _

J. P. Millar, Edinburgh, commi,sion agent, to meet
Sept. 18 and Oct. 9, at one, within Dowell's-rooms,
Edinburgh.

J. Lillie and IV. Lillie, Glasgow, drapers, to meet
Sept. 16 and Oct. 7, at two, within the S.ar llotel,
Glasgow.

G. Clark; -Edinburgh, innkeeper, to meet Sept. 16
and Oct. 7, at three, within Doweled- rooms, Edinburgh.
J. Douglas. Edinburgh, fishing tackle maker, to meet
Sept. 17 antfoa. 8, at two, within the writing cham-
bers of R. W. Jamieson, Edinburgh.
A. Cheyne, 011aberry, Z Aland, to meet Sept. 12 and
Oct. 3, at twelve, within the Sheriff-Clerk's office,
Ler wick.

G. Bridges, Ayr, hotel keeper, to meet Sept. 13 and
Oot. 4, at twelve, within the King's Arms note), Ayr.

LAW INTELLIGENCE.
COURT OF BANKRUPTCY, Sept. 10.
Mr. Commissioner HOLROYD sat alone. The cases
disposed of were few and uninteresting. In the mat-
ter of General de Rumigny, formerly aide-de-camp
to the late Louis Philippe, an application was made
for an extension of the period. of surrender. In sup-
port of the application an affidavit from the General
was produced, setting forth his inability to attend in
consequence of the refu-al of the Prefect of Police to
grant him a passport. Rumigny was partner with
one Lakeman, and they carried on business as com-
mission agents, in St. Mildred's-court. The case has
been reported on several previous occasions. The ap-
plication was acceded to, and the meeting for the
choice of assignees was held to-day. Lakeman has
also been made a bankrupt.
In the matter of James Bohn, of St. James's-
street, bookseller, the meeting for last examination
was again adjourned. • •

POLICE IN'T'ELLIGENCE.
MANSION-HOUSE. •
Atkinson, Conolly, Coucher, Nulvany, and Turner,
enginemen belonging to the Director steam• vessel, to
and from Guernsey and Jersey and London, were
charged before Aldermen Gibbs and Wilson with
having hi en concerned in a smuggling transaction.
Turner pleaded "guilty" by some mistake, as seemed
to be generally supposed.
Mr. Beverley, from the office of the Solicitor to the
Customs, appeared for the prosecution, and the
penalties sought for amounted to 1001. upon each of
the defendants.
Mr. T. Hayward, officer of the Customs, said he
boarded the Director at Brewer's- wharf. Upon
examining the department of the engine-room he
found secreted under the flooring, at the foot of the
ladder, 2.51 b. of tobacco, in several small paper
packages. It was evident the tobacco could not have
been thus placed and concealed without the knowledge
of every person whose duty it was to attend in that
part of the vessel. Atkinson, Coucher, and Conolly
were in the engine-room at the time the witness
proceeded to the examination of the vessel, and very
soon afterwards Mulvany came on board. As all the
defendants were enginemen witness considered it to
be his duty to report the matter to Mr. Potter, his
superior officer, and they were taken into custody.
The vessel was liable to seizure on the part of the
Crown, upon the 531 section, which also enacted
that all persons found on board vessels in which
contraband goods were detected were liable to be
detained.
Atkinson said he was persuaded that nobody
connected with the engine-room knew anything
whatever about the tobacco.
Mulvany said he was just as positive as Atkinson
that the smuggling was quite a secret at the place in
which he worked. The strongest proof that could be
was, he said, the fact that while he was on shore the
steward told him that if he got on board he would be
taken into custody. 'Notwithstanding which, he had
acted in opposition to that advice, convinced that no-
thing could happen to a person in total ignorance of
the commission of any offence.
Conolly said it could not be expected that he who
worked with the rest should know anything abut
smugglel goods.
Turner, who had pleaded guilty, said that he was a
complete invalid ; that he had been ill during the time
the vessel had remained at Guernsey and Jersey, and
that the smuggling was accomplished while he was
lying in a helpless condition. He said that while he
was lying in the vessel he heard trampling up and
down, which convinced him that all was not right,
but he was wholly unable from debility to interfere,
and that he had cautioned one of the other defendants
to take care how they got him into trouble.
Alderman GIBBS, having conferred with Alderman
Wilson, said, that Turner must make his representa-
tion to the Bard of Customs, who would no doubt
give him the benefit of the investigation which would
be instituted into all the palliating circumstances
which presented themselves ; but it was the duty of
the magistrates to inflict the penalty of 100/. upon
each of the defendants without exception.
The defendants were accordingly committed in
default of the payment of the penalties. We were
given to understand that the four first defendants ex-
pressed willingness to give evidence that Turner was
wholly innocent of the smuggling transaction, but the
Alderman had, under all the circumstances, no alter-
native but the committal of all the men ; which leaves
them at the'disposal of the Board of Customs.
Mr. Beverley said the whole 'Case should be repre-
sented at once to the Commissioners.
BO IV-STREET.
Robert Butler, a respectable looking man, who
stated that he was a commercial traveller, was
charged with stealing six bagatelle balls from the
Turk's Head public-house, in Ring-street, Holborn.
The prisoner had been alone in the room, and the
balls were missed immediately after his departure. He
was pursued and overtaken by the landlord, though
not until he had been in communication with others. He
was brought back to the prosecutor's house, where he
took a number of pawnbrokers' duplicates from his
shoe, and asked one of his companions to take care of
them. The landlord prevented the transfer, and gave
the prisoner into custody, having first refused the re-
quest of the latter "to have the matter compromised."
The duplicates were found to relate to watches,
some jewellery, &c. The balls were worth 31., and
the prisoner offered to defray the cost, in preference
to being locked up.
Mr. Hughes, barrister, cross-examined the prose-
cutor, with the view of showing that others might
have had access to • the room • but it was stated that
the property was seen just before, and missed imme-
diately after the prisoner left the house.
The prisoner denied all knowledge of the balls, said
he was employed by a respectable mercantile firm at
Birmingham, and complained of the sufferings to
which he had been exposed by the damp condition
and ill-ventilation of the cells, which had compelled
his removal to the hospital.
Mr. JARDINE remanded him for a week, consenting
to take moderate bail, owing to the delicate state of
his health.

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 11, 1850.

the last examination, upon which occasion his im-
pression upon the law of the case was in favour of the
accused. He begged to remind the magistrate that
although Mrs. Allen was the first to speak to the pri-
soner with respect to obtaining change for the 16
sovereigns, his offer was to obtain it from the City,
whither he stated he was going ; but he (Mr. Childe)
was in a position to show that; instead of making any
progress in that direction, he obtained change in the
imme.liate vicinity directly afterwards, and it cer-
tainly suggested itself that the accused's reason for
promising to be back at two o'clock was to keep Mrs.
Allen quiet until he got clearly out of the way,which
he did, and atasc )nded from his employment. Under
these circumstances, it was his impression that it was
fur a jury to determine whether he did not contem-
plate the felonious act at the moment he undertook
to get the change. Supposing that position not to be
tenable, he (Mr. Childe) submitted that he was en-
titled to treat the accused as a servant for the time,
as he had taken upon himself the office, and was act-
ing in that capacity.
Mr. 13uartELL thought that the fact of the accused's
getting the change might be considered rather in his
favour than otherwise, as showing he did not then
contemplate the act. In the absence of an original
felonious intention, it was his opinion that it could
only be construed into a breach of trust. With re-
spect to the second position taken by Mr. Childe, he
was clearly of opinion that the accused could not he
deemed a servant within the meaning of the statute.
Mr. Childe observed, that looking at the dishonest
character of the transaction, it was one that would in •
duce an advocate to travel through the.intricate mazss
of the law to find some means of meeting the offence.
It would be a reproach to the law if such offences
could be committed with impunity.
Mr. BURRELL, after adverting to the technicalities
of law in the prisoner's favour, said he would take time
to consider the matter fully, and remanded the pri-
soner until Thursday.

THAMES.
Stephen Sly, a tall youth, about 17 years of age,
was brought before the Hon. G. C. Norton, charged
with setting fire to a haystack.
It appeared that the prisoner addressed himself to a
police-constable named Cockerel), No. 266 K, on
Monday night about nine o'clock, and said he had set
fire to a haystack in Bromley-marshes. The prisoner
had no shoes on, and was without coat and waistcoat,
in which state he appeared in the dock. On being
asked the reason for committing the crime, he said he
wanted to go out of the country.
Mr. Joseph Roberts, of the firm of Radford and
Roberta, market gardeners of Bromley, stated that on
Monday night, about eight o'clock, he received in-
formation that a stack of hay' was on fire on his farm.
He went to the place, and when he arrived there the
stack was in a blaze.

A labourer in the employ of Radford and Roberts
stated that he saw the prisoner going towards the hay-
stack on Monday evening, and in consequence of his
deplorable condition he questioned him, and asked
him if he wanted any work, to which he made a vague
answer. About a quarter before seven he saw the
prisoner again, and he was then going towards the
haystack.
In answer to questions by Mr. NORTON, th• wit-
ness said that he spoke to the prisoner very kindly in
consequence of his apparently deplorable condition, and
said he was looking out for a ship.
The prisoner, in answer to questions by Mr. NOR-
TON, said he had no relations living except an uncle;
he.had been at sea for some time, but he did not like
the service. •
Mr. NORTONIS it true you set fire to the bay ?
Prisoner—Yes, Sir. I want to be transported.
Mr. Roberts said he had no doubt the crime was
premeditated, and that the pri,..oner told the sergeant
at the station-house that he had made up his mind to
set fire to two other stacks of hay in an orchard at
Bow.

Cockerel], the policeman, stated that on asking the
prisoner what he had done with his clothes, he said
he Ind disposed of them to obtain bread.
➢lr. NORTON said this was a very serious case, and
he had no alternative but to commit the prisoner for
trial.

SOUTHWARK.
Richard Collins, a journeyman furrier, was brought
before Mr. Seeker, charged with having caused the
death of his wife, Catherine Collins, by knocking her
down and kicking her in the abdomen while far ad-
vanced in pregnancy.
The circumstances were reported in this paper yes-
terday as they appeared in evidence before Mr. Payne,
the coroner.

After the witnesses had been examined,
Mr. SECKEE asked the prisoner whether he wished
to ask them any questions ? Prisoner replied in the
negative. lie had nothing to say.
Mr. SECKER—Then you are committed for trial for
the manslaughter of your wife.
The witnesses were bound over to prosecute, and
the prisoner was removed to Newgate to await his
trial.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.
TIMES.—A naval review on a grand scale is a
sight not often witnessed even in our own waters, and
the spectacle acquires extraordinary interest when ex-
hibited by a rival power. Cherbourg has been the
scene of a most imaosing display. Eight line-of-
battle ships, including two of enormous size and
power, a proportionate fleet of steamers and frigates
for discharging the light duties of the squadron, have
been manoeuvred with admirable skill and effect
almost within sight of our own harbours, and within
gun shot of our Channel possessions. A crowd of
titled and professional excursionists betook themselves
from these shores to criticise, marvel, or applaud,
and their less fortunate countrymen have been intro-
duced to the realities of the scene through the faith-
ful pictures of our reporter. Timid imaginations
may now feed upon the destructive capacities of the
majestic Yalmy, pierced for 140 guns, each gun being
half as large again as those of a British broadside, and
so ingeniously mounted that the hand of a cabin hoy
is competent to direct the ponderous machine. The
Friedland makes a worthy second, with its frowning
battery of wide-mouthed cannon and "all the gun
gear in its proper place." Even the two- deckers
carry upwards of 100 guns, and the Jemappes and
the Hercule are evidently more than matches for
any three-deckers of ancient measurement. In
this magnificent array 90's take the place of common
rank and file ;—there are the Jena, the Henri IV., the
Inflaxible, and the Jupiter, each and all as good as
100-gun ships ; while in their wake followed a squad-
ron of powerful steamers—those locomotive plants of
the ocean, which supply the floating batteries of the
line with the only aid needed to make them irre-
sistible. The very names of the vessels recall volumes
of history. The victories and conquests of the French
are illustrated from the last days of the old Monarchy
to the first days of the Empire, while more peaceful
triumphs find their commemoration on the sterns of
the steam-frigates. Oar Admiralty might certainly
take a lesson at this point. While we have been
ransacking the rolls of infernal mythology to find
names for our steamers, a more appropriate nomencla-
ture was adopted by our neighbours, who made each
self-propelling vessel perpetuate by its designation as
well as its performances the wonderful conquests of
science. Nor have they been exclusive in their
recognitions, for by the side of Descartes
and Magellan we observe a name not dis-
coverable, we believe, at Sheerness or Ports-
mouth—that of the English Newton. There is
no reason why a naval review at Cherbourg
should be more particularly suggestive than
a military review in Hyde Park, nor do we suppose
that Parisian visitors connect our small parades be-
hind the Horse Guards with any inseparable anticipa-
tions of what may come to pass another day. Yet
so peculiar are the pretensions of this country to ma-
ritime power, that it is perhaps practically impossible
for Englishmen to witness without some anxious spe-
culation such a spectacle as that which our columns
of this morning record. Nor can our neighbours be
insensible to the same impression, and we may safely
presume that the very best display which national
emulation could effect was exhibited on Saturday at
Cherbourg. The French are evidently on their met-
tle, and not only as respects seamanship, but good
breeding too. The order of their ships is perfect ; the
carriage of their officers unimpeachable. Every ves-
sel is thrown open to the admiring visitor, and as the
tri-colour is lowered in acknowledgment of the Bra
tish salute the band: of the French flag-ship plays
" God save the Queen." The exposition of profes-
sional science on board is described as unimpeachable
—everything ship-shape and serviceable, with the
utmost cleanliness, effectiveness, and order. As
to sailing qualities, the palm of naval architectnre
has long pertained to the French. Even such inci-
dents as this review, with its interchanges of civilities
and compliments, must aid in promoting the good un-
derstan ling between our neighbours and ourselves.
The more: we are brought into contact, the less we
are likely to be brought into collision. A respectful
appreciaion of each other's strength may supply no
unlikely motive for general good behaviour. This is
not the kind of familiarity which breeds contempt.
We see the latent forces of the French people, and
can be in no way disposed to summon them into ac-
tion. No particular comparisons are necessary to
this deduction. They are reasons enough for peace
of all kinds, but a salutary conception of the perils
of war, though less honourable than some motives,
may perhaps be not lees influential in the end. By
and by, perhaps, we. may come to the point of re-
versing these expositions,, and • showing each other
with what scanty defences we can manage to get
along. After the general disarmament France may
exhibit her single guardship, or England carry off the
palm of confidence by reducing the royal navy to
a
revenue cutter. But is there not a wonderful
change to be wrought in the human mind be-
fore these metamorphoses can come to pass!
It is impossible to forget—perhaps, without the
slightest imputation on our neighbour's good-will,

we may say it was not intended we should forget—
that the fleet which issued in such magnificent style
from behind the Cherbourg breakwater might some
day, sail straight across the Channel; that those
heavy guns might all be pointed in anger, and that
each of the black rakish-looking steamers might
throw a thousand men on a hostile shore without
warning given or suspicion raised. Such a sugges-
tion cannot be thought out of place or ill-timed,
for doings of this kind are the very vocation of the
vessels paraded before us. If guns were not meant
to be fired or steamers to he employed for transport,
there would be no use in msnu:acturing either one or
the other. From the erent of our liabilities we may
measure our precautions, and it is undoubtedly nut
advisable that we should be without the wherewithal
to receive such visitors as might possibly be son e
day dispatched from Cherbourg. The point is cer-
tainly a brave one for eccnomists, who will appeal to
the folly thus palpably exemplified of nations urg-
ing each other forward in the ruinous race of public
expenditure-. The argument seunds very plau-
sibly, hut it is in plain truth impractical. To fix a
ineximue: in national demonstrations is just as im-
possible as to fix a maximum in market prices. The
old French Republicans tried by overwhelming ter-
rorism to establish a point beyond which competition
should not go, and M. Louis Blanc and his friends
have endeavoured by organization and arbitration to
arrive at the same result in the present day. Neither
the one party nor the other succeeded in its efforts
against the laws of nature, nor will any efforts succeed
better as long as these laws remain the a ime.
National, like individual, passions will work them-
selves out as long as they subsist in force and vigour,
and mortals must suffer till penalties have taught
them wisdom. After all, it is a fact beyond dispute
that since we have maintained such respectable de-
fences we have had much more peace than before.
When the navy estimates were under two millions
we were at war every ten years. It is to be regretted,
no doubt, that we should be under the necessity cf
supporting expensive armaments either for no purpose
at all or a very sad one, and the capacity of a fleet
must needs be equivocal when our first hopes are that
it may never be brought into use. But the same argu-
ment will apply to garde; police establishment% and
all the machinery of justice and its penalties. All
the expenses thus entailed are alike burdensome, un-
satisfactory, and unproductive. War is a contingency
to which every nation under the sun has been liable
since the occupation of the globe by the human race,
and the general history of Europe during the last
two years is certainly not suggestive of the idea that
the hazard has suddenly ceased. We must meet the
risk as best we can with all precautions of wisdom
and forbeerance, but likewise with some provision
agaicat less forbearance or wisdom on the part of
others. Nations will-some day leave off equipping
fleets as gentlemen left off wearing swords, but it
must be in obedience to conviction and civilization
alone, for there is no higher power existing to enact
or enforce a law. Tne duty of every state and
people is to promote this civilization by mutual ac-
quaintanceship and good-will, and we may hope it is
a step gained in the work when the appliances of
strength and power are made, as at Cherbourg, to
serve the purpose of hospitable entertainment and
festive display:
HERALD.—We are not of the number of those
who look on the demonstrations and pees of Cher-
bourg with any feeling of jealousy, much less of
alarm. In 1840 or 1841 such a demonstration in the
then excited temper of the French nation might
have been disagreeable, if not dangerous. But ten
years have not passed over the heals of great num-
bers of our neighbours without bringing', we would
fain hopeein their train a more correct appreciation
of English opinions, English feelings, and, we will
add, English interests. We desire no new conquests,
no new accessions of territory. Our motto is, to use
the epigra.ph of M. Dupin, cited eight or nine years
ago in the Chamber of Deputies, " chacun pour soi,
chacun chez soi." So long as the rest of the world
observes this golden rule, we are too glad to repose
in that strength which is our security and safeguard.
It is only when by writings, and by speeches, wild
passions, vain hopes, and chimerical desires are encou-
raged in the breasts of other nations, that it behoves
Great B. itain to look on with a scrutinising, a jealous,
and a mistrustful eye. In 1840 and 1841, the greatest
and most mischievous pains were taken by some
leading public men, and some influential journalists
in France, to malign and calumniate England. Our
country was called an oppressor and a monopoliser.
We were designated as perfidious and faithless—as
desirous to extend everywhere our influence with a
view to material and mercantile advantages. Our
navy was pointed at as an engine equally powerful
and piratical ; and the worst passions of man's nature
were evoked for the purpose of setting John Bull and
Jacques Bonhomme by the ears. These efforts
failed—happily failed of their effect at the time, and
every successive year has diminished the probability
of such ignorant and infuriate outbursts. English-
men and Frenchmen have become better known to
each other. Railroads and steamers—monster
trains and weekly excursions, have m :de them
better acquainted, more especially since 1847
and 1848. Unless, therefore, in the very remotest
districts, or among the most ignorant and besotted of
the population, there is no Frenchman who believes
that Jehn Bull has any designs on Calais or Dunkirk
—that he covets Touraine or Armories, or desires
again to rule in Normandy or Picardy. Why, in
Heaven's name, should be desire to rule there, where,
be it said without offence, it is no such easy thing to
rule ? tie has duties at home and abroad that occupy
his full time and tax his b-st energies, and lands and
colonies thrust upon him which, could he exerci-e a
volition, he had rather nut have. To think, then, that
England, so encumbered with territory, is desirous of
adding to her stock by spoliating her neighbours, is
not merely preposteroue, hut unjust. There is not a
national guard who visited our shores in November,
1848—there is scarcely a Frenchman of sane mind
si ho has since atrived here by an excursion train, who
does not feel and know that this is the truth. Thus
is a vast stride made since 1841, when even in Havre,
Ingouville, Caen, Cherbourg, and Valogues there were
hundreds and thousands of Frenchmen who believed
that England was then the bitterest sworn enemy
of France—an enemy malevolently bent on ruining
French commerce and crippling French resources.
Such nonsensical notions are in a great degree dissi-
pated now, unless in particular coteries, and even in
such coteries the events of the past week must do
much to destroy them. Did it show any envy, j.a-
lousy, or hatred, for example, that so many of our
admirals and post captains—that so many distingu:shed
membsre of our It qal Yacht Club—so many English
of all classes and conditions—viewed with feelings of
delight the aspect and trim of the French fleet in the
roadstead of Cherbourg ? The salutes and cheers
given to the Vaisseau Amiral, to the Jemappes, the
Friedlnd, and the Henri IV., by British ships ani
British voices, were not the least vigorous and eineu-
siastic. There was not an Englishman present at the
interesting spectacle of which we speak who felt one
particle of jealousy or of alarm, or who desired to st e
France otherwise than great, powerful, and prosperous.
But every Engl:shman of sense—whether present at,
or absent from, the fete at Cherbourg—feels that
France can only be great, powerful, and prosperous in
securing peace at home—in developing and in extend
ing the great resources of the fertile and beautiful
country, whose soil is washed by the North Sea, the
ocean, and the Meditterranean—and in religiously re-
specting abroad the faith of treaties and the indepen-
dence of other and rival nations. Maintaining ever in
view these objects, and accomplishing them to the
best of her ability, France has no interests opposed
to, or in conflict with, those of England. We
view her progress in the mental and mechanical

sciences—in the fields of literature and art—in the
crafts of shipbuilding and navigation—in preparations
for defensive or offensive war—with anxious interest;
but we view them also without dread. We feel and
know, that if the efforts of our nearest neighbour be
well and properly directed, they must be in complete
harmony with our own, and must ultimately
tend to the freedom, civilization, and happiness,
not merely of Europe, but of the whole human
race. We feel and know, that if they be impro-
perly directed, it will be not only the jive-
rest, but the duty, not alone of England, but of
united Europe, to interpose. As, however, in the
present exceptional position of affairs—notwithstand-
ing the wonderful efforts of Herr Cobby (as the
German papers call him), and his hobby, the Peace
Congress of Frankfurt—everything in Europe is un-
certain, transitory, and fluctuating—as there is little
stability anywhere out of England, it behoves us to
be prepared for every emergency, and to be girt up
alike for the service of friend or foe. Above all, thu
praiseworthy efforts bestowed on the French navy by
the people in authority on the other side of the Chat -
nel, ought to convince our F,rat Lord of the neces-ity
of renewed exertion in his peculiar department. Tt e
progress of our neighbours should be to us new in-
cen•ives to maintain that naval preponderance we
have so long enjoyed. It is not because the navy of
our country has been aggressive and piratical, that it
has thus become, and ought to continue, preponderant
Our navy his fl iurishi-d and waxed strong because it
has been the w4is of Great Britain. And the safety
and strength of Great Britain are, it is admitted by
sane men of all countri-s, necessary elements in
the repose of the world.

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Ro 44, 1:,,,..c- se,—We have had another brisk
marlV6-Ir 'Kraig-vv. -1., but little or no change in
prie-... . Pl-1 •• <llPt), .t has been heavy, and the
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