The Sun.
London, England, 1850-09-07 00:00:00

Obet dna 01,111".

LONDON, SATURDAY, bEPTEMBER 7, 1850.

Notwithstanding the recent prohibition of intra
mural interment s by Act of Parliament, the metro
poiii is still rendered the receptacle for human de
composition. The fact is such as to yield serious
cause for dejection ; and, considering the course lately
adopted by the Legislature, affords considerable
reason for remonstrance. Either the evil referred to
must be at once and indignantly prevented, or a great
measure like the one just passed through both Houses,
and sanctioned by the voice of the SOVEIZEIGX, dwindles
into a mere scroll of parchment, w ithuut merit or
authority. The dignity of the Senate, violated by
this open defiance of its jurisdiction, demands
some movement on the part c f the Government so
stringent and decisive, that the obedience of parochia►
officials shall no longer be optional on a matter of
such immense importance to the community, but
shall be henceforth and for ever in the fullest accepta-
tion of the term compulsory.
The innovations mapped out in this particular by
the recently created law requiring the adoption, as
far as the capital is concerned, of the system of extra-
mural sepulture, are of enormous multiplicity and of
s'artling magnitude. It becomes consequently requi-
site to adventure forthwith upon their realization,
otherwise, without evincing something like enterprize
at the very beginning of the improvement, hut little
chance remains of the desired change being secured
within any reasonable interval. To be plain—is
must be obvious that the effec's of the Bill passed
through the Intq:erial Parlament abolishing the system
of parochial burials, renders it imperatively neces-
sary to make immediate provision for the extramural
interment of from 60,000 to 70 000 bodies per an-
num. It cannot be objected that our estimate is in
any degree exaggerated when it is borne in recollec-
tion that the mortality for the year last past has been
calculated at no less enormous an amount than
68,432 —a number yielding a weekly average of
1,316 and a daily average of 187 ! To provide for
the decent interment of this immense accumulation
of bodies, in accordance with the principle laid down
in the new Act of Parliament, it becomes essentially
advisable fur the Government to make such provi-
sion far the carrying out of the intentions of the Le-
gislature as shall deprive those who are ready to
evade its authority of the shadow of an
opportunity. NON, without further hesitatior, we
must at once avow that this provision,
to our mind, is in no direction discoverable. We
mean, of course, alequately. For the purpose of
illustrating this, it is only necessary to direct atter'
tion to the favourite project with, the Administration
for the opening of a large extramural cemetery.
According to statistics defying all contradiction
whatever as to their accuracy, it appears that
this scheme is in the highest degree objec-
tionable in regard to its deficiency both in area and
access, i❑ locality and principle, as well as in a va,
riety of ether minor but still enormously important
particulars. We allude to the pet scheme of the Erith
Cemetery. As to area, it must be acknowledged
at the very outset to be most objectionable, notwith-
standing the earnest encomiums passed upon it by
the Board of Health. It is true, that with 90 acres
of Belvidere, 232 acres of the Abbey Wood, and 70
acres inclosed from lauds in the immediate vicinity, it
would spread over an extent of no less than 400 acres.
Yet, instead of being land otherwise useless, the pro-
posed cemetery will occupy ground of perpetually
increasing value for all building purposes. Besides
which, it is based altogether upon a plan which,
while it has never yet been submitted to the
inhabitants of the locality for approval, has
excited throughout the north-west district cf
the count/ the strongest and sternest opposition.
In addition to which. it must be allowed that with a
mortality of 187 per day, of 1;316 per week, of 68,432
per annum, even 400 acres of ground will go but a
little way in sffording the desired space for interment.
Again, as to access, the situation of the spot is any-
thing but satisfactory. It requires a horrible accu-
mulation of difficulties and inconveniences—it la quires
a miserable voyage of upwards of an hour through the
most crowded and difficult part of the Thames
navigation—it requires the perpetual embarka-
tion and disembarkation of the quick and the
dead promiscuously—it requires the jumbling to-
gether of coffins and mourners on board these ghastly
Tassels of lamentation in the most horrible and dis-
tracting confusion. Yielding, moreover, a novel

fetor to the already disgusting exhalations of the
river—as if that stream was not sufficiently polluted I
by being rendered the drain or sewer of a capital so
vast and densely populated ! Aa to locality, we can-
not but think, with all possible deference to the Board
of Health, that a spot situated at so
short a distance from the Standard on Cornhill,
scarcely removed from the atmosphere of the metro-
polis, contiguous to the banks of the Thames, and
surrounded by such multitudes of villas, squares,
terraces, and other habitations, is of all places one of
the least eligible f)r employment as an extramural
cemetery. It would only tend to mar the beauties of
the Garden of England without materially improv-
ing the salubrity of the Capital of England. Then
as to the principle—we cannot but think that a
huge monopoly like this, a monopoly which will
inevitably originate a general Undertaking depart-
ment in the Government, and which must likewise
interfere directly with the interests of the eight sub-
urban cemeteries now in existence, is a project of a
kind very little indeed to be desiderated. We might
carry out the argument with similar force in refe-
rence to the number of reception-houses, the extent
of exudations and exhalations, the amount of saving
and of outlay, and the exorbitant charges to
ba demanded for interm-nt ; but from what
has already been above remarked we conjec-
ture sufficient to have been said to prevent the public
generally from being enamoured of that scheme
which has been regarded with so much favour by her
MAJESTY'S Government. It must be obvious, more-
over, that these particulars are eminently entitled to
consideration, some such gigantic innovations being
absolutely requisite for the purpose of carrying out
`he beneficent intentions of the Legislature.

MY. JONES LOYD, now Lord OVEESTONE, was one
of the few witnesses examined on the inquiry into
the causes of the commercial distress, whose faith in
the Act of 1844 remained perfectly unshaken, who
clung to it with a desperate fidelity, "through
I good report and through bad report," and
could discern none of the evils that were
so clearly perceptible to other witnesses. He ad-
mitted that he " thought it was right, under all the
circumstances then existing, to issue the letter,"
and that "the effect of the letter was precisely what
was contemplated, and wished for," but he contended
that, " although the letter was a departure from the
positive provisihs of the Act, it was not a departure
from the principle of the Act." We confess that, with
the Lords' Committee, we are unable " to recognize
this distinction." There was a clear and positive
enactment forbidding the issue of notes beyond a
certain amount, except upon an equal amount
of bullion stored up in the Bank cellars.
The Bank itself was in the greatest danger in
consequence of that restriction. The Governor and
Deputy-Governor thought they could have weathered
the storm, but it could only have been by an extensive
sale of Consols, and a great limitation of discounts.
The Premier and the Chancellor of the Exchequer
recommended that they should " enlarge the amount
of their discounts and advances upon approved se-
curity," and as this course was clearly incompatible
with their position, it the provisions of the Act were
to be maintained, the Treasury letter declared that
"if this course should lead to any infringement of
the existing law, her MAJESTY'S Government
will be prepared to propose to Parliament, on
its meeting, a Bill of Indemnity." Tt.is was
a distinct authority to the parties concerned to
" depart from the principle" of the measure, which
was considered of such vital importance, that the re-
laxing power, so urgently asked for by the London
bankers in their memorial of the 11th June, 1844
was positively refused by the Legislature under any
possible circumstances. The sanction of the Govern-
ment was thus deliberately given to a course unwar-
ranted by law, and which might bo attended with
very serious consequences to the Bank if Par-
liament refused to pass the suggested indemnity,
but Mr. LOYD thought that "no departure
from principle," and evidently considered the
events which rendered the letter justifiable as
likely to be " of occasional recurrence," while the
Governor of the Bank, also a supporter of the Act,
expressed even a more distinct opinion that such con-
tingencies may not be very unfrequent, evidently point-
ing to once in " five or six years" as the periods
when they may be looked fur; and yet these very
parties desire the caitinuance of the Act, which will
render her MAJESTY'S Ministers the habitual violators
of the law, or rather the authorisers of its violation,
and the protectors of those who legally must be con-
si lered as wilful and deliberate offenders.

Again, Mr. LOYD totally denied the fact that the
Bank were constrained to put a heavy pressure on com-
mercial accommodation. The lion. Gentleman looked
merely to the amount of notes issued by the Bank,
and - measured the public accommodation by that
amount, as,uming that one fixed amount of notes
out of the custody of the Bank, and in the hands
of the public, will at all times produce the same effect,
and will be governed by the same laws. This
glaring fallacy was completely overturned by the
other testimony, particularly by that of Messrs.
HORSLEY PALMER, NORMAN, and S. GURNEY, who
pointed out the "hoarding" of notes occasioned by
the fear that the requisite supply could not be ob-
tained, and the consequent diminution of the cir-
culation, by four or five millions of pounds
sterling, and also the diminution of the
activity and efficiency of that circulation. The last-
named gentleman, Mr. S. GURNEY, clearly proved
that the same amount of notes in the hands of the
public would act very differently according to dif-
ferent circumstances. That in many cases the amount
out would " no longer be currency," and even the
Governor of the Bank declared that "in times or
panic the money market will bear the issue of tt
greater quantity of notes than it will in ordinary'
times, for the ordinary purposes of trade, without
affecting the exchanges." On this point, then, Mr.
LOYD stands wholly alone. lie has no supporter,
and yet the " well selected" majority of the Commit-
tee of the Commons rely implicitly on his evidence
ire favour of the Act, evidence which is so completely
overset by the truly noble Committee of the heredi-
tary branch of the Legislature.
The Honourable Gentleman also, although ac-
knowledging to a certain extent that an internal drain
and a foreign tfflux depend upon totally different
principles, stating that under "an adverse exchange
the circulation ought to be contracted, but no such
necessity exists under a favourable exchange," still
thought that " the Banking department should net
look to the causes of a drain of bullion, but simply
look to the state of the btnking reserve." He is
thus not merely opposed to the other testimony in
this respect, but even inconsistent with himself.
It NN as, how ever, necessary to go to this extent if he
would vindicate the Act, which applies one invariable
rule to every case, and which requires a contraction

of the circulation when the bullion has decreased

from internal causes, although there is at the moment
a flow of bullion into the country. The Hon. Gen-
tleman was, indeed, what an Old Bailey advocate
would term "an admirable witness," sticking at
nothing to support his " bantling," which was cer-
tainly, if not his actual offspring, at least " the
child of his adoption." He, however, proved rather too
much. His evidence might have been more valuable
if it bad be( n less decisive—if it bad admitted some
slight defects, and not claimed absolute perfection for
the culprit on trial. To borrow an illustration from
proceedings before the criminal tribunals, we may
sugg( atthat an alibi is not always the best defence
that can be set up when the complicity of the pri-
soner is established beyond any possibility of doubt
by the evidence of unimpeachable witnesses.

TRINITY I.IOI:SF.—It is not true that tie First
Lord of the Admiralty has been elected an elder brother d
this corporation in the room of the late Sir R. Peel. 'He
Right lion. Henry Labouchere, the President of the Board of
Trade, has succeeded to that vacancy.
RAPREsENTATION OF lILREFOFDSIIIRE —The re•
mains of the late J. Bail( v, F.. 1., arrived at Glanusk, near
Clichhowel, on Thursday. Mr. Booker, of Yelindra House,
rear Cardiff, is spoken a as a candidate in the Conservative
interest. A brother of the deceated Member is also spoken
of as likely to come forward.

A vacancy 11,1 s teen caused in the Customs De-
partment in the situation of landing surveyor, I,y the death
of Mr. M. Sturt, who for some time tilled the important post
of president of landing-surveyors.
A POTBECARIES' HALL.—Names of gentlemen a ho
passed their examination in the science and practice of me-
dicine, and received certificates to practise, on Thursday,
Sep. 5, 1850:—John Lee Jardine, Jt lan White Keywor,h,
Axton Tirrold, Berks; Walter Monday, Olveston, Glouces-
tershire ; John Forness Mice, Pontefract, Yorkshire.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris journals of yesterday.
The PRESIDENT of the Republic med- Lis entry
into Caen at a quarter to seven o'clock on Wednesday
evening. lie was received by the prefect and the
author ties at the Demilune, the junction of the three

roads leading to Lisieux, Pont lcEveque, and Trou-
vine, and which forms a crescent. At that spot a
magnificent triumphal arch was erected, with banners
and suitable inscriptions. The PREUDENT was re-
ceived with cries of " Vive le P. esidentr " Vive
Napoleon !"
There were rumours of an intended Bonapartist
coup d'etat circulated in Paris yesterday, which at one
time obtained such credit as to seriously affect the

Funds. These rumours are thus noticed in the Siècle :
" Hardly has the President of the R-public quitted
Paris for Cherbourg, btfore disquieting rumours begin
to circulate: there are those who undertake to name the

appointed day for an emeute to be undertaken by the
most ardent members cf an Imperialist Association. Some
%retches are to be hired to carry a red fl inscribed

with the Democratic and Socialist Republic, adsantage will
then be taken cf this wicked and easily-repressed manifur.-
tation, and a pretext put forward in favour of the proloL-
gation of the powers of Louis Napoleon Bonaparte. When
bad passions, aided by public credulity,serve to gs t up such
bubbles, the beat way is to cause them to be t ded
beforehand. We could not, without ralecting on the
good sense of the population, give credit for a moment
to these odious rumours, which are propagated for some
purpose which it is not easy to comprehend. To little
purpose has our country suffered so many painful trials
within the last two years, if it only needs the machina-
tious of a portion of the dregs of society, worked
through detestable intrigues, to compromise our institu-
tions, public security, the repose of families, and the
well-being of all."
After some further remarks this journal pro-
ceeds :

" We trust in the honesty cf M. Louis Napoleon Bo-
naparte; we believe that he will never consent to did-
honour himself by an act of perjury. His character, we
verily believe, affords a serious guarantee, upon which
we confidently reckon. Everything, therefore, concurs
to reassure us against the rumours which have been put
into circulation. If we are well informed, some mem-

berg of the permanent commission have been so struck
by these rumours that they have engaged represents-
ti' es of the extreme Left, to warn the working classes
against surprise."
The Evenement states that General CHANGARNIER
has announced to the members of the Society, of the
10th December, that he " will oppose with all his
might any renewal of such manifestations as that
which lately failed upon the return of the PRESIDENT
from Lyons and Strasbourg." The manifestation in
question had for its object to take the horses from the
PRESIDENT'S carriage and draw him home in
triumph ; but the scheme was prevented, by orders to
the soldiery. General CHANGARNIER has remained
in Paris during both the journies of the PRESIDENT,
and it is said that there does not exist that entente
cordiale between them which existed heretofore ; in-

deei, it was currently reported on Thursday that a
telegraphic dispatch, had been received from the PRE-
SIDENT of the Republic, dismissing General CHAN-.
GARNIER from the command of the troops of the first
military division, that is to say from the command of
the garrison of Paris. This report caused the price
of Funds to fall per cent.
The Pays has the following :
" There has been a talk since yesterday of an order
of the day of General Changarnier, superior commander
of the army of Paris, forbidding officers anti sub-officers
of the corps ut.der his command from taking part in a
subscription intended to offer, in the name of the army,
a banquet to the President of the Republ c. We have
made iuquirit s respecting this order of the day, and all the
sold:era of the garrison of Paris whom we have consulted
have stated to us that they know nothing ab,ut it. Now,
as it is known that the orders of the day of the General-
in-Chief are always communicated to all the corp, it is
more than probable that that about which so much noiso
is made does not exist."
The latest intelligence in relation to these rumours
is contained in the following postscript to the
Slide :

" Ten o'clock, Night—Rumours of various kinds, and
which will be found described in our Bourse article,
were in circulation to-day. At the hour at which we
write all our information leads us to believe that these
rumours have either been exaggerated ur without serious
foundation."

M. DE PERSIGEY arrived in Paris from Berlin on
Thursday.
Count DS MOSTALIVET, formerly Intendent of the
Civil List of the ex-King Louis Ptimirre, has writ-
ten to the Patrie, to deny the statement of certain
journals, of his having visited the Count DE CIIAK•

BORD at Wiesbaden ; and stating that if he had not
been confined to big house for more than five months,

by revere indisposition, it was to Claremont that he
would have gone to pay his respects to the King,
" whose loss he weeps as a faithful and devoted
friend."
The Councils- General of the Departments continue
to t dopt resolutions in favour of the " legal" revision
of the Constitution ; the majority of them have pro-
nounced in this manner. On this subject we find the
following in the Journal des Dobati.
" The Councils-General have only made a very mo-
derate use of the exceptional right, which in some re-
spects is conferred on them by circumstances, of discus-
sing political questions. We cannot blame the reserve
of which they have given proof; it i 3 explained by an
honourable sentiment which has caused then, to fear that

they might exceed their constitutional authority, and
encroach on the prerogatives of the great public powers.
We live at a time in which the scruples of legality are
too rsre not to be cited in honour of the constituted
corps which gave an example of them. Still we cannot
disguise from ourselves that the iniiitVive of the Coun-
cils. General, in the limits to which they have con-
sider( d themselves obliged to restrict it, loses
much of the importance and efficacy it might
have had; we may even say that it no longer re-
sponds to the public solicitude, impatience, and anxiety.
The Constitution must be revised, and rt vised legally,'
such is the formula adopted by most of the Coun-
cils-General. But in the Expression of this modest
wish the Councils-General have been forestalled by
public opinion. The cries of the Constitution are so
well recognised that the necessity of revising it is not
contested even by the great number of those who drew
it up. This necessity has just been proclaimed once
more by the man whom we will call as much as he
pleases the founder of the Republic, for we do not pre-
tend to flatter him in giving him the title—by M. de
Lamartine himself. This wish for the revision, which
is in every mind and every mouth, had almost nothing
to gain being expressed by the Councils-General. But
what are the means of revising the Constitution in ob-
serving the forms and conditions hid down by the Con-
stitution itself? Such is the important, the delicate,
the true question in the order of the day. Article
111 of too Constitution is thus conceived: When
in the last year of the legislation, the National Assembly
shall Istria- eXpresste the wish that the Conetitution
shall be modified wholly or in part; 'the re-
vision shall be proceeded to in the following manner.
The wish expressed by the Assembly shall only
become a definitive resolu'ion after three cons' cu:ive de-
liberations, taken each at a month's interval, and by
three-fourths of the suffrages expressed. The number
of voters must be five hundred at least.' Can such a
majority as this article requires—a majority uniting
three-fourths of the votes expressed—be obtained in the
present Assembly ? Can Viis majority be formed, not
once by chance, but three times following, and with a
mon h's interval ? Such are the two questions raised by
Article 111 of the Constitutions, which now occupy pub-
lic opinion. We quote these two difficulties ; we might
indicate many others. In not touching on these deli-
cate questions, in passing them over in silence, appa•
rent)y because they believed that they were not with n
the limits of their powers, the Councils- General have
merited the honourable mention which we have just ac-
corded to their modesty and prudence, but they have re-
mained beneath the expectation which they had excited
in FAH,: opinion. The country would probably have
absolved them had they been less prudent.
It is evident from the above that the state of public
opinion in the departments as indicated by the deli-
berations in the Councils General, is by no means such
as to please those who are endeavouring to promote a
reaction in favour of monarchy.
General NARVAEZ has sent to the PRESIDENT of
the Republic the sword of CORTEZ, the conqueror of
Mexico, from whom NARVAEZ is descended. This
is in return for the sword of the EDIPEROR, presented
to NARVAEZ by the PRESIDENT.
The Tunis steamer Minos, a present from the
Turkish Government to the BEY, arrived at Toulon
on the Ist inst. Admiral DELASSAUX reviewed on
the same day the 3d Regiment of Marines. Three
private soldiers of the corps who recently returned
from Senegal, where they had been severely wounded,
were decorated with the cross of the Legion of
Honour.
The Envoy Extraordinary of the BEY of Tunis
left Paris for Toulon on Thursday.
The following are the chief items of the weekly
Bank returns :

Francs.
Specie ... 339,019,143
Ditto in the Departopel'a ... 117,578,574
BBDDiiiillttilttssooilniiynniPnbbgorrrauat
nfnuocepl
hhinocei
sds 49,35 6 , 01
Bills in branches ... 77,140,345
4 71271:,68139470905.:.249402660581
Bank notes in circulat'on
7698:259708:035907
Credit to Treasury... ..
Private credits
Ditto in Branches ... 24,574,773
The only notable differences from the previous
week are an increase of discounts in the country
branches by nearly 3 millions. About 4f millions
of notes have been withdrawn from the city circu-
lation. The Credit to the Treasury has increased 4
millions.
PARIS PounsE, SEPT. 6.—Five per Cents., 96f.
30c.; Three per Centa., 57f. 90c.; Bank of France,
2,3101.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, SEPT. 6.
Boulogne and Amiens, 715—East Indian, 91,4—Namur
and Liege, 6X—Orleans and Bordeaux, 2,t—Bouen and
Havre, 8 3/i.