The Sun.
London, England, 1850-01-10 00:00:00

Anglo-Saxon name, by extending the best interests of
civilization through two great divisions of the world.
" I have an entire confidence, Sir, that our two Go-
vernments will act with the most perfect concord in
carrying ont this great design, and, for my own pa-r, I
unfeignedly assure you that I could not have a duty
more congenial to my feelings than that of cultivating
the most intimate and friendly relations between the
Queen, my Sovereign, and that great Republic, of which
you are the worthy and distinguished President."
To these observations the President replied in the
following terms :
" Sir,-1 am much pleased to receive from your hands
the letter of her Majesty, your Sovereign, which ac-
credits you as the Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary of Great Britain near the Government
of the United States, and I cordially welcome you in that
high character as a friend.
" Beyond the identity of origin, language, and duties,
so appropriately alluded to by you, as connecting our
respective countries, there is much, Sir, too in their
present relations calculated to impart unusual interest to
your mission. That the best plan for extending the
blessings of peace, commerce, and civilization may be
executed by our perfect concord is my most earnest wish;
and the confidence jou have expressed that the two
nations will act in concert and harmony in all wise and
well-directed efforts for the accomplishment cf such
obj?cts, is accepted by me in the cordial and sincere spirit
in which it has been proposed by you.
I hope, Sir, that your residence in this country may
prove as agreeable to you personally as you have given
me good reason for believing that it will be honourable
and advantageous both to Great Britain and America."
The Legislature of Indiana has unanimously
passed a law authorizing the Governor to make tem-
porary loans to supply any deficiency there may be
in the Treasury for the payment of the January and
July interest on the public debt. These loans are
not made necessary by actual deficiency in the
revenues of the State, but because the heavy pay-
ments into the Treasury are not usually made until
about March and September. As soon as the scrip
of the State, which is redeemable for taxes, shall
have been all subscribed, say 18 months hence, the
necessity for any loan for the purpose of paying in•
terest will no longer exist. The State Bank of
Indiana, upon the passage of the above law, imme-
diately
tendered to the Governor the amount needed.
Indiana has acted nobly in the matter of her public
debt. She has persevered through many discourage-
ments in perfecting the arrangement, and has
exhibited a determination to do everything in her
power for her creditors.
Mr. Edward J. Morris, of Philadelphia, had been
appointed Chargé d'Affaires to the kingdom of Naples.
The New York papers announce that Mr. Powell,
the author of the " Living Authors of England," has
been arrested upon a charge of forging a draft,
purporting to be drawn by a London house on
M'Laughlin and Bell, of this city, for 1001.
Large quantities of Canadian produce were being
received at New York, for shipment to England.
From California our advices extend to the 16th of
November. An election was held in California on the
10th of November, to decide on the adoption of the
new Constitution proposed for the State, and also to
vote for a Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, two repre-
sentatives to Congress, and members of the California
Legislature. The Constitution has been adopted
almost unanimously. Great activity was prevailing
at San Francisco. Buildings were going up with
great rapidity; carpenters' wages, 16 dolls. a day.
The Pacific News (San Franciso) of the 15th of
November says—
" We have bad the pleasure of conversing with a
very intelligent gentleman who has just returned from
a long tour of observation through the mining district.
His investigations have led him to the conclusion that
its greatest riches have not yet been reached, but still
await the labours of miners more experienced anC.
skilful than those engaged in the work. He saw per-
sonally several diggings richer far than those in relation
to which our credulity has already been severely taxed.
At the same time he places the average gain of the
whole body of miners now employed at a considerably
lower figure than is usually given. He thinks that
mining, having been, as heretofore conducted, a game of
chance and uncertain as a lottery or faro bank, is now
about to become a less hazardous game of skid and
scientific calculation, at which pod and experienced
players, and they only, will be sure largely to win.
The observation of our informant fully confirms the
general impression that there is to be a serious defi-
cieccy in the winter stock of provisions in the mining
region, without allowing anything for the consumptim
of the overland emigration now on its way thither."
The Alta California states that—
" The setting in of winter had caused an increased
demand for all kinds and quantities of provisions. A
great rise in prices had, consequently, been the result.
Pork and flour had sold at very high rates."
The following items are of much interest :
The rainy season had commenced in California; the
streams in the mining country were beginning to swell,
and the miners would soon be compelled to betake them-

selves to winter quarters.
The yield of gold this year is not expected greatly to
exceed that of the last, which was estimated at about
8,000,000 dollars.
The overland train, which left the United States last
spring and summer, across the mountains, had all arrived
safe in California. They were subjected to many pri
vations and hardships, but met their fate with heroic
fortitude.
Colonel Russell, of Missouri, who headed the van-
guard, left Independence on the 24th of April, and
arrived at Sutter's Fort on the Bth of August.
Apprehensions are expreescd of f4mino in the inte-
rior, if the state of the roads should interrupt the com-
munication between the river towns and the mines.
Provisions and clothirg had greatly advanced in price.
Pork was selling at 65 dolls., and flour at 40 d o.ls per
barrel, at San Francisco. Dysentery and fever prevailed
to some extent on the coast and in the interior; and at
Mazatlan the cholera had been somewhat fatal, though
on the 231 of November it was declining, there having
been only four cases on that day.
The papers contain numerous accounts of labourer's
meetings, and strikes for higher wages —those who had
received seven or eight dolls. per day demanding ten
dolls., en account of the great advance which had taken
place in the price of provisions.
From Mexico we have detailed advicea to the 29th
November. The Congress would separate on the
14th ult. The reforms in the tariff proposed by the
Chamber of Deputies had passed both Houses, and
the Bill was communicated to the President on the
20th ult. The Minister of Finance bas been in-
structed to obtain a discount of the United State
indemnity of 1,500,000 dolls. due at the end of Maya
The rate of discount will be not less than two per.
cent.

MONEY MARKET.
TUESDAY, DEC. 25, Six p.m.—This being Chris!mas
there was no meeting of the board of brokers, and we,
consequently, have no quotations for stocks. Business,
generally, was suspended, and the stores in the lower
part of the city were closed. The arrival of the steam-
ship Empire City, from Chagres, gives us two weeks'
later intelligence from California, a remittance of gold
dust valued at half a million of dollars, and a great
number of passengers from the mining districts. The
accounts received by this arrival are interesting, and, as
regards the production of gold, full as favourable as those
received by previous steamers.
The Bank of the State of North Caroline has declared
a semi annual dividend of four per cent.
The Stockbridge and Pittsfield Railroad is done, and
regular trains have commenced running, connecting with
those of tha Housatonic road. _

The annexed statement exhibits the quotations for
foreign and domestic exchanges for specie, and for un-
current money :
Foreign Exchanges—On London, 1081; on Paris,
sf. 30c. to sf. 284 c,; on Bremen, 781 I; on Amsterdam,
39 40 ; on Hamburgh, 351.
in consequence of the suspension of business to-day,
the market for sterling exchange remains without altera-
tion. Yesterday the demand was active, and our quota-
tions above were current at the close. We have no
change to report on other points. Domestic exchanges
continue quiet, and our quotations cannot be considered
otherwise than nominal. Ten and twelve years ago the
domestic exchange business in this city was immense,
and the rates, compared with those now ruling, were
enormous, notwithstanding the great number of regula-
tors then in existence. Now it is a mere bagatelle, and
the rates or even the most extreme points are very much
reduced. Specie is quiet. The demand for silver for
shipment to France has nearly ceased. California gold
dust is plenty enough in the market, but it must pass
through the mint before it becomes a part of the cur-
rency. Uncurrent money is exceeding scarce, even for
this season. The circulation of all the banks in this part
of the country is large, full up to the usual average, and
a large amount of this must have been employed in the
Western States in the purchase of produce, and still
continues in circulation among the people of that section
of the Union.

DIAMOND DUST.
(From Eliza Cook's Journal.)
How large a portion of our happiness in this world
arises from its vicissitudes? The truth is become a
maxim continually proposed and immediately assented
to, but who considers it? They are the changes of daily
life which stimulate hope, regulate business, propose rest,
and reward labour. Like our daily bread they must be
looked for and prepared for. June and beauty are of
little value unless marked. Our actions must be num-
bered like our milestones, and stand as they do at their
appropriate siVs, if we would rej 'ice in our progress.
Brave actions are the substance of life, and good say-
ings the ornament of it.
Reserve is no more essentialy connected with under-
standing, than a church organ with devotion, or wine
with good-nature.
In the music of silence there are a thousand varia-
tions, not in the knowledge of things without, but in the
perfection of the soul within, lies the empire of man.

ANALYTICAL VIEW OF THE NEWSPAPER PRESS
OF THE UNITED KINGDOM. - London : Conservative,
19; Liberal, 35 ; Neutral, 59—Total, 113. England :
Conservative, 88; Liberal, 99; Neutral, 36—Total, 223.
Wales: Conservative, 5; Liberal. 5; Neutral, I—Total,
11. Scotland: Conservative, 20; Liberal, 34; Neutral,
31—Total, 85. Ireland: Conservative, 37; Liberal, 37;
Neutral, 27—Total, 101. British Islands: Conservative,
5; Liberal, 8; Neutral, I—Total, 14. General Summary
of the United Kingdom :—Conservative, 174 ; Liberal,
218; Neutral, 155—Total, 547.—From Hantmon's News-
paper List for 1850.