The Sun.
London, England, 1868-04-13 00:00:00

JOURNALS SUDDBN DEATH OF THE MARQUIS OF
SALISBURY.

.T GP

The Times asks, now that Italy has come by ner own, if
the would be so kind as to take back her organ-grinders.
It is by this time little less than half a century since our
streets and those of other European cities were first
infested by what, owing to a moat unwarrantable stretch
of euphemism, were called " itinerant musicians." They
jaegan as a droll curiosity, but soon grew into an arrant
nuisance. The housemaid on the door-steps, and cook
from the depths of the area, might be caught by the
jet-black eyes and matted hair of these outlandish
minstrels, by their quaint gibberish, by their broad grin,
not unlike that of the monkeys frequently perched on
*heir shoulders ; but to nerves of gentler texture the
inexorable strain of those set note* was raking to dis-
traction ; while to the sage in his brown study the first
squeak of the hurdy-gurdy caused such a paroxysm
of rage as sometimes gave " twice two is five " as the
result of his calculations. By the time, however, that
these noivy strangers were becoming an intolerable annoy-
ance, enough was known about them to make them objects
of evwpathy. It was not by any means their fault, people
said, if they so cruelly abused our hospitality. Indeed, it
was not from choice that they were our guests. They had
been inveigled hither by false pretences. A kind of white
slave trade was going on in the mountains of which they
Svere natives. A ret of scamps of their own country, but
having their headquarters in the dingiest purlieus of Hol-
born, farmed these poor wretches out of their parents'
hands, held them under a specious bond of apprentice-
ship, sent them forth to their begging trade, starved
them, thrashed them, used them with every kind of bar-
barous treatment. Long and loud was, years ago, the
lament over the poor Italian organ boy's grievances. As
the organ boy could not be got rid of, he began to be made
much of. He was petted and pampered ; he was plied
with crusts and scraps instead of halfpence. Old Pistrucci
opened a school for him ; Mazzini affiliated him to his
Young-Italian association. The organ boy had his own
day; in short, he was the beat abused and the best cared
for of ear street vagrants, till people got tired of this as of
all other subjects, and he was set down as one of those
social sores which cannot be cured, and which can best be
endued the less thought and speech are wasted upon them.
Now, again, comes the news of kidnapping the poor boys
from the home across the mountains. This white slave
trade, in the opinion of the leading journal, like brigan-
dage, is only the result of the intellectual and moral state
of degradation into which the Italian population, especially
in rural and mountain districts, are sunk, and that the
evil can only ultimately give way before the steady pro-
gress of civilisation and instruction. Mendicancy and
vagrancy, it must be avowed, come amazingly natural to
Italians of all classes. Few men, however, who ever
looked at the organ boys in our streets would dream of
calling them an idle set, or of describing their life as one
of leisure and indulgence. Few men who ever looked at
►heir stunted and shrunken frames, almost bent double
under the crushing weight of their Areste, or trade, as they
can their huge organ, when they return late in the evening
after trudging some scores of riles in the suburbs,
at all seasons and in all weathers, would deem them.
unfit for any employment requiring either strength
or endurance. But the freedom and variety, the
very precariousness of their begging life, seem to
have charms for them. They see the world ; they bask
in the smiles or grin under the frowns of fortune, and so
familiarise themselves with the ups and downs of vaga-
bond life. Should these wretched Italian outcasts be
capable of it, there would be no lack of profitable employ.
merit in their native land ; no lack of bread and meat and
raiment for three times the population of the peninsula.
The whole difficulty consists in creating the wish even for
daily bread among a people who can live on prickly pears
or water melons. " You are a gentleman ; why need you
work ?" is the saying among the members of Parliament
and their constituents. And " why should you toil and
moil when there are London and Paris, and all Europe
and America, to go begging through with your hurdy-
gurdy. ? " is the philosophy upon which organ boys practi-
cally shape their existence.

Apropos of the visit of the Prince and Princess of Wales
to Ireland, the Post remarks that if there be a tide in Irish
affairs, the Royal visit will take it at the flood. Time
and opportunity are the waves on which the Enchantress
is about to cross the Channel. The Christian world are
commemorating the "pledge of a new and nobler
covenant ;" for Ireland the last hour of a long night has
sounded, and the idea of a happy national rapproche-
ment may be realised. Now, if ever, the touch of
human nature which makes people feel that they
were not born to live alone, and without sympathy,
will rouse hopes that have overslept themselves
and call back thoughts that have gone astray.
Only in the presence of Royalty are religious differences
composed. In St. Patrick's Cathedral Protestants and
Catholics will, for once, meet as Christians. But, what is
more, the visit will prove to any one who may have
doubted the fact, that if the Irish Church was established
"as the fort of the Throne," the imperial sovereignty is
no longer dependent on such security. In Ireland, as in
England, the Crown is guarded by the loyalty and the
love of the nation. If the Irish will not allow that they
have been reconquered by the Prince of Wales, they may
surrender to the Princess, under whose feet they have
resolved that flowers shall grow up, and read in her smiles
the sympathy which still, as in bygone times, may be com-
petent to determine, by very gentle pressure, an issue that
perplexes the minds of statesmen, and searches the wisdom
of the Legislature.

The Daily News draws attention to the evident determi-
nation of shareholders to rebel against the despotism of
directors in joint-stock companies. The various stages
have been passed through of, first, enthusiastic approval ;
then, pensive submission ; next, feeble and modest in-
quiry ; but culminating at last into sharp cross-question-
ings, which it was equally useless to
.ignore or to answer.
A further step was the appointment of committees of in-
vestigation. A further stage is found in the, virtually if
not actually, compulsory resignation of the directory under
whose rule the mischief had been done. But the matter
has not closed here. Suits in civil and equity courts have
not merely been threatened, but begun. What remedy
there for this state of affairs ? The surest preventive lie
in the enforcement of the principle that if a duty is under
taken, its performance is not a question of convenience,
but of honour. One of the most grievous scandals of our
age consists in the almost deliberate abnegation of this
simple rule. Nine-tenths of the men who have supervise('
the companies that failed within the last two
years have clone next to nothing but allow, by
their culpable neglect, their shareholders to be ruined.
The world, at least the financial world, moves on. The
joint-stock principle has passed through many phases : the
first, one of greater or less responsibility on the part of
directors ; the second, a period of transition, when inquiries
were made necessitating an answer ; and the third (per-
haps not the final one), when shareholders are not content
with demanding explanations of previous management,
but will pursue their investigations still further. In all
probability they will not be satisfied with the revelations
of previous affairs as they stand now, but will exact a
pretty competent account of the entire results of all the
affairs in which their companions have been engaged. It
is needless to add, that where profits have been gained by
individuals from their official position, the sum must be r
turned for the benefit of the general body.
Dealing with the rumours of war between France and
Prussia, the Herald remarks that the common-sense view
of the matter taken in England is, in the first place, that
if the Emperor Napoleon wishes to go to war with
Prussia, he will have to do so on his own account, am'
that this will be playing a somewhat desperate game. Ir
the second place, it appears that there is no adequat•'
ground of war. France would not go to war to save Den
mark from being rent in twain ; why, then, should she do i
for a few square miles of Northern Schleswig claimed 14
Denmark, or for an article in a treaty concluded between
Austria and Prussia? The difficulty about Luxembourg can-
not be made into an occasion of war. France expressed
herself satisfied with the settlement of the question at the
time, and there was an end of it. It is never very safe to
predict even the event of a month ; but, taking into
account the asseverations of the French Government, and
the probabilities of the case, it seems to us that it is un-
reasonable to expect war. As to the view of the matter
taken by the French press in considering its attitude, we
nrdst take into account the fact, that it is so much •
debarred from occupying- itself with matters of domestic
interest that to fill its columns, and rivet the attention of
its readers, it is forced to occupy itself ranch with foreign
affairs, a circumstance not often adverted to, but which in
no small degree contributes to the perpetuation of dis-
quietude in Europe.

The S'tanclarcl comments 1-pon an article in the
Tortn Witty Revie?o, by Mr. Yredcrick Harrison who
unfolds to the vulgar gaze the heaven which Radicals
hope to gain. Of this school of Radicalism we ought not,
then, in future to profess any ignorance. Its nature and
its alms have been revealed to us with a singular candour,
and we doubt not with full anthority. All government in
:England is to be a trade union. Parliament is to he put
(lown, or permitted to deliberate only at the pleasure of
the " capable ruler." Capable ruler is to undertake the
root-awl-branch rceonntruction of society. The time and
the man have tonic to Mr. Harrison also. A despotism,
tra,l4 anions for its base, and Beaks for its apex;
,cst ideni (la true, Government for England.
'7',1e9r0.r,71 en."

itch

untler-,141118 the anxiety of railway
companie,, iu these bad times, to increase their revenues
by all (‘-rie,ivable bodes ; 1)11'; their rights have obvious
v;e:1 th0,,,,e limits are unrolcstionably pa,ised by the
Sinah i'aree'* (11:use in the Iteg,ulation 'Bill now before
companies wish to put an end to the
Practivc! of sending small parcels dose lip in '.urger ones
een:age the carriage of twenty separate articles, each
tlinaged at an arbitrary figure, will yield much more than
ins carriage of the same things do when they are made up
under one cover, and are paid for by the ton. The City
houses are in arms against the pro oral, and hope to get
it modified or withdrawn. The plain course for the com-
panies, if they find the present system unprofitable, is to
economise their own arrangements as much as possible,
and to modify their carrying rates by charging sq ;nub ;pore per ton 411 round,- •

We regret to announce the unexpected death of the
Marquis of Salisbury, K.G., which took place shortly
after six o'clock on Sunday evening, at Hatfield House,
the ancient family seat in Hertford. The Marquis of
Salisbury left town on Saturday for Pfatfield in apparent
health. On his valet going into his room on Sunday
morning he found his master evidently labouring under
very severe illness, and, in consequence, the Marceiouess
of Salisbury, who had gone on Saturday last be Knole,
near Sevenoaks, to visit the Earl and Countess De la
Warr, was sent for. Her ladyship arrived at Hatfield
about a quarter of an hour before her husband expired.
The late James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cell,
Marquis and Earl of Salisbury, Viscount Cranborne,
county Doseet, and Baron Cecil of Esseadine, county
Rutland, in the peerage of Great Britain, was the only
son of James, filet Marquis of Salisbury, by his wife,
Lady Mary Emily Flit, second daughter of Wills, first
Marquis of Downshire. He was born 17th April, 1791 ;
consequently, had he lived a few days longer, he would
have attained his 77th year. He succeeded to the family
honours on the death of his father, 13th June, 1823. The
deceased marquis was twice married—first, '2.nd February,
1821, to Frances Mary, only daughter and heir of Mr.
Bamber Gascoyne, which lady died 15th 0ct.,1839 ; and
secondly, he married, 29th April, 1847, Lady Mary
Catherine Sackville-West, second daughter of the Earl
De la Warr. By his first marriage he leaves surviving
issue Lady Mildred, married to Mr. Alexander J. Beres-
ford Hope, M.P.; Lady Blanche, widow of Mr. James
Maitland Balfour, of Whittinghame ; Viscount Cranborne,
M.P. for Stamford ; and Lord Enstace Cecil, M.P. for
South Essex. By his second marriage his lordship leaves
issue three sons, viz., Lord Sackville, Lord Arthur, and
Lord Lionel Cecil ; and Ladies Mary Arabella and Mar-
garet Elizabeth Cecil. The Marquis of Salisbury was
appointed lord-lieutenant of the county of Middlesex on
the resignation of the late Duke of Portland, was made a
D.C.L. at Oxford in 1834, and was created a Knight of
the Garter in 1842. He had been colonel of the Herts
Militia since 1851, and was major of the South Herts
Yeomary Cavalry from 1847 to 1854. He was appointed
a deputy-lieutenant of Argyllshire in 1859; and on
the resignation of the late Lord Dacre was unani-
mously elected chairman of the Herts quarter sessions.
The late Marquis of Salisbury accepted office in the
Earl of Derby's first Administration, in 1852, as Lord
Privy Seal, and again in Lord Derby's Government, from
February 1858 to June 1859, was Lord President of the
Council. The deceased nobleman, it is almost unneces-
sary to say, was a staunch and consistent Conservative in
politics, and a supporter of the agricultural interest. He
supported the late Sir Robert Peel's Government up to
the proposition to repeal the corn laws.

Viscount Cranborne, M.P., by the lamented death of
his father, succeeds to the ancestral honours and large
landed property. The present peer was born Feb. 3,
1830, and married July 11,1857, Georgina Caroline, eldest
daughter of the late Sir E. H. Alderson, one of the Barons
of the Exchequer. He was educated at Eton and Christ
Church, Oxford, and obtained a fellowship at All Souls
in 1853. His lordship has been member for Stamford
since 1853.

The families of the Earl and Countess Cowley, Colonel
and Lady R 033 Greville-Nugent, the Marquis and Mar-
chioness of Downshire, the Marquis of Westmeath, Lord
and Lady Dangan, Mr. and Lady Mildred B. Hope, and
others are placed in mourning by the death of his lord-
ship,

THE MYSTERIOUS DISCOVERY AT

HACKNEY

Since the particulars of the facts attending the disce"ery
of the dead body in the unfinished house, No. 21, Elgin-
place, have been made known, considerable advance has
been made towards a solution of the mystery. Constable
Nixon, of the N division, having beard that an inmate
of St. Luke's Lunatic Asylum bad been missing
for some time, communicated particulars of the dis-
covery of the body to the authorities. Dr. Ellis,
of the asylum, informed the police, that during the
night of February 11 a patient named Heasman con-
trived to effect his escape in a very mysterious man-
ner. He was confined in the centre ward of the
asylum, and although there were six doors, all locked,
separating him from the exterior, yet he managed to pass
through them all. During his passage through the
several wards he helped himself to articles of clothing
belonging to other patients. The police chewed the body
to Dr. Ellis, and he at once identified it as that of his
missing patient. In the blucher boot is marked " Har-
nett, C.W.," the name being that of a patient at present
in the hospital, and " C.W." signifying " central wing."
As soon as the body was deposited in the mortuary,
Sergeant Foden, 23 N, was instructed to make a thorough
examination of the house and its immediate vicinity.
The doors at the hack were found screwed up, as well as
1 eAted, just as they were left by the landlord's workmen
about Christmas. There was one window at the rear,
which was closed 1-ut not fastened ; but it was several
feet from the grcuad. The deceased must, then, either
have been in his concealment before the doors were screwed
up, or obtained access by the window. There were no
traces discoverable, outside the house, of any entrance
having been effected by the window. Mention has also
been made of an old black frockeoat, which was on the
floor of the cupboard, and which was said to have been
stained with blood ; in one pocket there has been found
a copy of a London paper, dated January 31, 1863.
From the creases in the paper, it is conjectured that
it must have been used as a fold for some letters, or
small books. In the farthest corner of the cupboard
Sergeant. Foden found a small empty phial, labelled
" Laudanum—Poison." At present two statements
Lave been published with respect to the position in
which the body was found : one account stating. that the
head was close to the door, and another that the head was
in the further corner of the cupboard. In the latter case
the head must have lain close to the empty phial. Many
applization.s have been made by both gentleinen and
ladies at the police-office for the most minute descriptions
of the body; and, as is very often the case in discoveries
of this character, the body is stated to correspond exactly
with the descriptions given by all who have instituted in-
quiries concerning some missing relative. The police, how-
ever, believe that Dr. Ellis has solved the mystery. One
couple who thought they identified- the photograph of the
corpse stated that it resembled their son, who eighteen
months ago ran away from his wife and family, and took
with him £2,000 in money ; no traces of him had been
discovered. The most satisfactory evidence with regard
to the deceased after his escape from the asylum has been
furnished by a carpenter named Henry i He states
that one day in the first week of Febeuary he was
working on the roof of a house near Elgin-place when
his attention was drawn to a man sitting on a heap
of sand in the rear. Some labourers at work in a
brickfield were also attracted by this person's conduct.
In the course of the afternoon Price passed the sand-
heap, and then saw that the man, who was of gentle-
manly appearance, was whittling a piece of wood into the
shape of a boat. The day was bitterly cold, and Price,
accosting the man, said, " You have got a cold seat there,
sir." To this he replied, "You are the civillest man I
have spoken to to-day. My God keeps me warm. Friend,
do you attend church or chapel ?" Price said in reply
that he had been brought up a Churchman, and attended
church, whereupon the stranger responded, " I always
pray to God in my own room. I have got a nice
one at my sister's, at Poplar." Price then said, " It's
a cold job you have got, anyhow." To which he replied,
" 1 do it for my amusement. There is a river near
my sister's, where I swim my boats ; and now, my friend,
you go and mind your business, and I will mind mine."
During this singular conversation Price noticed that
the stranger was using a buckhorn-handled knife,
that he had an awl to bore holes with, a piece of
leather on his trousers to prevent cutting them, and a
piece of linen cloth. When Price and the labourers in
the field left work, the man was still whittling away at
the boat. None of the articles that Price saw the stranger
using had been found ; but he most positively identifies the
body as that of the person with whom he held this conver-
sation. After the body had been identified by Dr. Ellis,
a lady made application to see the corpse, and positively
stated it was that of her husband, who had been missing
for some time. She particularly described an injury to
one finger, which corresponded with one of the deceased's.
There can be little doubt that the lady is mistaken. Two
young ladies also believed that the corpse was that of their
brother, who bad been missing from St. John's College,
Cambridge, for four months.

Between forty and fifty gentlemen met at Nock's
Hotel, Birmingham, on Saturday evening, and presented
£lOO and a copy of the " Cambridge Shakespeare" to Mr.
John Lovell, one of the oldest and most valued members
of the newspaper press in Birmingham.

I A noted sporting authority in London is said to
have been paced in a curious difficulty after the Univer-
sity boat race last week. Two carrier pigeons were taken
down to Mortlake, each with a slip of paper tied to it,
Oxford, the winner, being written on one, and Cambridge
on the other. Unfortunately, in the bustle of the
moment after the race, as the Oxford pigeon was being
taken out of the basket, the Cambridge bird struggled and
managed also to get free, the two birds coming swiftly
home in company, and driving their owner to despair by
the contradictory intelligence,