The Sun.
London, England, 1868-10-21 00:00:00

ROYAL ALFRED THEATRE.

Lessee, Mr. H. R. Lace Directress, Miss Amy Sedgwick.
THIS E VENING, at a quarter to 8, PINDEE SINGH. Preeeded
by the fauce of THE GOOSE WITH Thu GOLDEN EGGS.

A,IRICITLTURAL HALL, laLiNGTON.—FAIRY PALACE
CONCERTS, Every Evening, at 8.

CHRISTY MINSTRELS, St. James's Hall, Every Night, at 8
Wednesdays and Saturdays, at 3 and 8 all the year round.

ROYAL ALHAMBRA PALACE. THREE BALLET,
Promenade Concert. Band of 80. Begin at 8. is. Box-office
open from 11 to 4.

ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS, Regent's-park, OPEN daily (ex-
cept Sundays). Admission, is.; on Mondays, 6d.; Children
under twelye, 6d.

A 410" 14.M1
Al, it 3
"

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, OCT. 21, 1868.

If Mr. GLADSTONE gains his election no one can
say that he has not worked for it, and if, on the
other hand, he should lose his seat, all must ad-
mit that the failure has resulted from :no want of
exertion. Indeed, so active and so energetic has
the right hon. gentleman's canvass been, that it
affords ground for invidious persons to declare that
he is not so sure of the result of the contest as he
r appears to be. At any rate the wizard is at his
work again in right earnest this week, and last
evening appeared at a meeting at Leigh. It was
most numerously attended, and Mr. GLADSTONE
spoke for an hour in rather a more lively strain
than usual, and seemed to give great satisfac-
tion to his auditory. To begin with, he devoted
a little consideration to a question of great interest
and importance just now, that of capital in connec-
tion with labour. It must be confessed that the
right hon. gentleman hardly recognises the mag-
nitude of this subject, and indeed he has always been
slow to acknowledge the errors that have super-
veAd upon the establishment of Trades' Unions.
It is no service to render to the working classes to
neglect to point out their faults and mistakes, and
the truer the friend the more readily will he in-
timate what is amiss in the proceedings of the
classes who co-operate against their employers.
"There are those," said Mr. GLADSTONE, " who
consider that this is among the great difficulties,
if it be not the greatest difficulty, that clouds
the future of the country." But he is not
of that opinion, believing that the good
sense of his countrymen will eventually triumph
over the obstacles and prevent the danger from
assuming the form some dread. In order to realise
this desirable end, it will be necessary above all
that the contending parties must exercise forbear-
ance, that the employers should show moderation in
their demands, and the employed exhibit more
willingness to comply with reasonable requests
instead of following the too prevailing practice of
making mountains of molehills. Mr. GLADSTONE
feels great doubts as to the success of Joint-Stock
Companies, and cannot put that faith in them
which some do so implicitly; but he is la favour of
those measures which give the labouring man some of
the interests of the capitalist without removing him
from his own class. Another mode has been tried in
some places which has been highly approved of by
the most intelligent in the district, which is that
private individuals contrive so to adjust their opera.
tions that they can give to workpeople an interest in
the proceeds. The right hon. gentleman very truly
said that this was very likely to solve the difficulty
where it could be put in practice, and to reconcile
some of the differences between labour and capital .
'The method of establishing boards of arbitration is
another effort to abolish the unhappy consequences
of the divisions between master and men ; and of
these it may be said that they have risen to such a
height and produced such mischievous consequences
that any change will be for the better in that
respect. At any rate, Mr. GLADSTONE is safe in
affirming that this difficulty of capital and labour
will be seriously aggravated by " narrow views
and angry passions ;" and that it is a matter which
requires the " closest and most careful attention
that can be given to it by the most competent per-

sons."

Passing on to other topics the right hon. gentle-
man referred to the overwhelming pressure of cor-
respondence which pressed in on him from all quar-
ters, and precluded all possibility of minute atten-
tion being given to it in the way of answers ; but
the reason he, however, gives for the apparent ne-
glect is, that 11,3 has weighty subjects of interest to
attend to. Lo)king at the election movement, so far
as it has gone in Lancashire, Mr. GLADSTONE thinks
that the greatestgood humour has prevaile 1, which is
certainly a fortunate thing, more especially if we can
rely upon its continuance when the tug of war b,3-
gins in reality. Considerable amusement was cre-
ated by his quoting some verses of a Conservative
working-man, in which the reason is certainly bet-
ter than the rhyme. The purport is that the Op-
position leader should not be so severe in his cen-
sures on the expenditure of the country when he
himself is partly responsible for it. Mr. GLAD-
STONE denies that he had a large majority, which is
a desperate way of trying to gain his point, because
as the numerical advantage was to the left of the
Speaker it shows that he did not possess the confi-
dence of the Liberal party so much as he ought to
have done from his position. It appears, ac-
cording to the revelations of the speech of
yesterday that the House of Commons and
the public had a narrow escape of another Parlia-
mentary coup d'etat, for Mr. GLADSTONE and his
friends discussed the advisability of asking the vote
of the thuse of Commons on the question of the
public expenditure, and they only refrained from
motives of expediency about Reform, and so on.
Still the lookers-on must judge by acts and not by
intentions. The fact still remains that there was
no decided disapproval manifested by the Opposi-
tion on the subject which now fills them with in-
dignation, and with which they are trying to fight
the electors in all directions. So much time did
this exciting topic take up, that there was only a
brief interval allowed to the Irish Church, and Mr.
GLADSTONE had to content himself with
some observations on the injustice with
which the Irish had been treated, and the folly of
saying that they could not be mollified if that in-
justice were done away with. lie considers such
sentiments unworthy of the glorious past to which
the Conservatives are so fond of referring, and
unscrutable glorious future which awaits the ex-
ponents of the Liberal policy, a complimentary and
ingenious way of disposing of his opponents, and
settling matters for himself and his friends.

The Provisional Government at Madrid published
its manifesto yesterday, and it is couched in a com-
prehensive strain. It calls upon the people to con-
form to its policy, and explains the reasons which
induced the Spaniards to throw off the yoke of the
BOURBONS, and it puts forth the principle of national
sovereignty, which, if exercised by the vote of all,
and afterwards by the decision of those elected by
the people, will complete the work on hand and
consolidate those liberties which it is the earnest
desire of all patriots to secure, and should be the
aim of a civilised country to uphold. The greatest
unanimity seems to prevail among those in
authority at Madrid just now, and their
proceedings are as far removed from the
ordinary strife and contention of a revolution
as can well be imagined. The Manifesto declares
that the Provisional Government has a right to
expect from foreign countries a respect for the state
of things which has been created, and they express
a hope that those Governments which are at the
head of civilization will not ref use to them that
friendship which they accorded to the Power which
crushed them. hopes are expressed that there will
be free exercise given to every form of public
worship, and that religion will be freed
from the fetters hitherto imposed upon it.
On the whole this manifesto breathes a spirit of in-

dependence that cannot but be approved of by all
lovers of progress, and if occasionally some extremes

are touched upon they are not more than must be
expec tted under the circumstances of the case, and
ther e is no reason to doubt that eventually Spain
will take her right place among the nations of
Europe, having left far behind her the prejudices
and follies that have so long impeded her course
a,ne.l marred her prosperity.

The intelligence from Calcutta to the 28th of
September is, on the whole, encouraging, though
in, parts of Central India there had been serious
uneasiness on account of apprehended scarcity.
}?amine is, unhappily, no new or strange visitor
in India, and the experience of Orissa has shown
the natives that all the appliances of modern civi-
lisation may fail in preserving them from its con-
sequences. Thus at the first rumour of a possible
scarcity of supplies a panic would be created, which
in some of the more remote districts might lead
to disturbances. Grain riots are said to have
actually occurred in some parts of Cen-
tral India, where the want of rain has
excited apprehensions of famine both in the
British territory and the native States. The
central authorities, however, are determined to
be on their guard in time, and have issued instruc-
tions to all the local officials as to the course which
they should pursue in case of the worst. Happily
rain had fallen in many places when the news left,
and the prospects were much better. Still the very
fact of any ground for alarm having existed, shows
how necessary it is to be vigilantly on the watch in
times of drought or scarcity. The extension of the
means of communication throughout the country
is one important method of diminishing the dan-
gers of famine, and almost beyond that in its
value is the increase of irrigation. Some experienced
Anglo-Indians have doubted whether the increase
of irrigation works would diminish the risk of fa -
mine ; but those who have studied the subject most
assiduously are confident of the good effects of our
improved water system. Since it is usually drought
that produces the Indian famines, it is evident that
a constant supply of water to the soil must be an
effectual means of preventing them, and we hope
that whatever changes may be introduced into the
administration of India, the importance of vigor-
ously pursuing the public works will not be under-
rated.

The public health in the capital has im-
proved, the cholera having disappeared. In the
Sholapore districts it has shown itself, and precau-
tionary measures have been taken with commend-
able promptitude.
The uncovenanted service rules, which are now
before the VICEROY, are reported to be very liberal,
so that we may hope a more enlightened and less
routine spirit is beginning to prevail in the direction
of our Anglo-Indian affairs.

LATEST INTELL MENGE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

THE REVOLUTION IN SPAIN.-

MADRID, Oct. 20, Evening.

The Central Junta has issued a proclamation to-
day, stating that, order and public security being
now firmly established, it is henceforth incumbent
upon the Government fearlessly to apply and put
into practice the principles of the Revolution. The
Junta declares itself, therefore, dissolved, and in-
vites the juntas in other towns to follow its
example.