The Sun.
London, England, 1868-07-06 00:00:00

IRELAND.

Cardinal Cullen delivered a double lecture on
Friday night in the Catholic University. Part of
it was addressed to the students, but the more im-
portant part of it to the Government. His Eminence
embraced the opportunity presented at the close of
the session of the Historical Society connected with
the institution to refer to the recent negotiations
on the subject of a charter. He observed that since
they met at the beginning of the session hopes had
been entertained of a change in the existing
state of things which would put the Catholics
of Ireland upon a footing of equality with
their Protestant fellow-countrymen. The bishops
proposed that a charter and endowment should
be given to that University, but that fair and
moderate demand was refused. They next pro-
posed that the college authorities should be allowed
sufficient power to prevent the use of dangerous
books and secure the removal from the chairs of the
University of any persons who might inculcate doc-
trines dangerous to morals. He justified this de-
mind 1 y reference to the circumstances of the pre-
sent times, when the source of instruction is replete,
as he said, with doctrines dangerous to truth and
faith, when indifferentism and pernicious maxims
are publicly proclaimed in Universities from the
Professors' chairs. As an instance of the effect of
such teaching he mentioned that one hundred
students at Paris lately called out in favour of
Atheism. He also referred to the writings
of Dr. Colenso and the principle of the
" Godless Colleges, " to illustrate the cha-
racter of the war against truth, and the duty of
defending themselves against " prowling wolves."
He observed that Protestants took precautions
against the introduction of Catholic doctrines in
their Universities, although they inconsistently pro-
claimed the right of private judgment. He com-
plained of the manner in which the prelates had
been treated in reference to the correspondence, but
said it was not a matter of surprise, for the same
spirit had been shown for 300 years. At the Refor-
mation the educational resources of the country had
been seized and appropriated for Protestant schools,
colleges, and Universities, and so ignorance was pro-
moted, while the talent and genius of our noble Celtic
race were smothered. If it had not been for this per-
secution Ireland might have produced her Dante,
her Shakspere, her Raphael, and her Michael An-
gelo. It might be said that Protestants had gained
what they had lost, but Trinity College had not
produced any great Church historians, any great
theologians or commentators on the Scriptures. Ile
condemned the Queen's Colleges and the national
system as most prejudicial to religion. He com-
plained that the National School books were with-
out life or patriotism, that they had been compiled
by Scotchmen and Englishmen, and he contrasted
this " system of monopoly and insulting ascend-
ancy" with the growth of educational liberty in
Spain, France, and Prussia. The events of the
last few weeks, he said, gave hopes of a better
future.

CAST-STEEL AND WROUGHT-IRON

BOILERS.

Some interesting practical experiments, for ascer-
taining the relative merits of cast-steel and wrought-
iron for boiler-plates, have recently been made at
Messrs. F. Harkort and Sons', Ilarkorter Iron-
works, at Schonthal, near Wetter, 11restphalia, and
the results obtained were decidedly in favour of
steel. The two boilers employed were used in con-
nection with the puddling and rolling-mills, and
were both of the same form and size, being cylin-
drical, 30 ft. long, 4ft. diameter, with dome 2ft.
high by 2 ft. wide ; the thickness of the iron plates
was a little over 4-10ths of an inch, and that of the
steel plates inch, and the respective weights
8,975 lbs. for the iron, and 5,842 lbs. for the steel.
It was found whilst a pound of coal evaporated
3.20 lbs. of water in the steel boiler, it evaporated
only 2.51 lbs. in the iron ore. To perform the same
amount of work it required in the wrought-iron
boiler 28 per cent. more fuel and 30 per cent. more
time. The coal used was that from Ruhrort. At
the Ilarkorter Work they have now 15 steel boilers
in use, and one of them, which is made of soft Bes-
semer steel, has been found to give quite as good
results as the others. There was, likewise, a
marked diminution in the amount of incrustation
in the steel boilers, owing probably to the extreme
smoothness of the surface ; water which gave an
incrustation of k inch in two years in the wrought-
iron boilers, gave in the steel boilers an incrusta-
tion scarcely perceptible,-21/ining Journal.

A case was tried on Saturday in the Court of
Exchequer in which the responsibility of police-
officers for transgressing the strict limits of their
authority was vindicated by a jury. It arose out of
the trial of " Captain " Mackay at Cork. Among
the spectators in the gallery were the captain's
sister-in-law, Miss Mary O'Connell, and two other
ladies. In the evening they were about to leave
the court when a constable informed them that
Captain Barry, the county inspector, required them
to be searched. They were brought into the court-
keeper's room, where Miss O'Connell was obliged
to undress, and was subjected by the women who
perform such duties to a very minute, and, as she
complained, a scandalous search. She asked to
have the blinds of a window which was overlooked
by others pulled down, but the searcher refused her
request. One of her companions was similarly
treated, but the third would not submit to be
searched, and became very excited. A constable
threatened to arrest them, and they were detained
for about 20 minutes and then released. Three ac-
tions were immediately instituted against the in-
spector and the constables, and Miss Mahony's was
disposed of on Friday. The defence was that she
was suspected of having revolvers about her, and
the police were empowered under the Peace Pre-
servation Act to examine persons who were open to
the suspicion of carrying arms in a proclaimed dis-
trict. She admitted that Mackay was in the habit
of going openly to her father's house at a time when
there was an offer of a reward for his apprehension.
Ile carried a revolver. Robberies of arms had oc-
curred in the city, and her father's house had been
searched about three weeks before the trial. The
jury, however, did not hold the defendants justified,
but found a verdict for the plaintiff with £5O da-
mages and 6d. costs.

The United States war steamer Canandaigua,
7 guns, Captain Strong, from Lisbon, arrived at South-
ampton on Thursday morning, and anchored near the
Franklin and Ticonc/erogq.