The Sun.
London, England, 1850-01-23 00:00:00

A'
' _
N° 17 886.] LONDON, WEDNESDAY .
A. • JANUARY 23 1850,
N°. , -3. 4, •
- - - - - -

UNITED STATES EMIGRATION-
SOCIETY.
TRUST ES AND DIRECTORS.
T. LAMEE MURRAY, Esq., Chairman.
Wallop Brabason, Esq. Maurice O'Connell, Esq.. M.P.
Charles George Fairfield, Esq. M. Charles Maher, Esq.
Anthony O'Flalie,ty, Faq., M.P. Edmond S. Symes. Esq.
T. Colley Grattan, Esq. Col. C. C. Ketnys Tynte, M.P.
N. Valentine Maher, Hsq., M.P. Clement Tabor, ES'.
MEDICAL BOARD.
R. S. Symes, Esq., R. F. Power, Esq.
" The Association agrees beforehand to sell at cosi' PRICE, adding
mereTy thereto a commission." —(See Prospe'dtt-,.)
NORTH-EASTERN TAIXAS lIOPKINS COUNTY, consisting of
160,000 acres, in one block, for the most part prairie, abounding
In riven an springs.
Recent and authentic informAtion received from the Society's
funds, proves th,t no other state offers such decided advantages to
the Emigrant, with a small or large ea; i,al, either in respect to the
salubrity of climate, health, and temperature, soil, growth and
variety of produce and markets (see, Dr. Smith's recent tr.vels and
work on North-Eastern T0X314, price 2g.)
The Society contrasts with the Emigrant to defray. for a fixed
sum (as below, varying with the number of acres and the number in
one tautly) the oost of a free passage to their lands ; stock, seed, and
mplements ; six mouths' provision after arrival, a house, and
freehold of eighty aches of the finest land.
The above for the sum of - - - - £6l 8 9
For each additional male, with implements, &c. 13 10 0
For each editional female - - - II 0
For each additional child under 12 years - 0
If less land is !veered the cost proportionally reduced.
The Society is in a position, from its extended connexions, to
offer lands and farms in nearly all the other states of the Ur
Every information, with map and pl.n of settlement, description
of North-Eastern Texas, See., may be obtained (gratis) from the '
Agents of the Society, or on application to the Secretary.
The first ship with emigrants will sail about the middle of Feb-
ruary, and every succeeding 'eolith. Mach application registered
according to priority.
Applications for Agents to the Society must be accompanied by
eferemes.

D. BYRNE, Secretary.

2, Reptl Exchouge-buildings.

BOULOGNE from LONDON DIRECT, every
Thursday.—Great Saying to Travellers.
Fares by Railway and Vessel, Tin Folkestone .£1 8 0
Fares from London to Boulogne direct.— 0 12 0

Saving to each First-Class Passenger.... 016 0

By Railway and Vessel, via Folkestone.. :... 1 0 0
Fare from London direct .. • ......... •..... 0 0

Saving to each Second-Class Passenger.. 0 13 0
The COMMERCIAL COMPANY'S superior Steam-ships CITY
of BOULOGNE and EMERALD, will leave LONDON-BRIDGE
WHARF as under :
Thursday, January 24, at 8, Morning.
Thursday, January 31, at 1, Morning.
Thursday, February 7, at 8, Morning.
Thursday, February 14, at 10, Morning.
And every Thursday according to tide.
For particulars of freight, apply is Mr. James Whisson, 5, Arthur-
street East ; or at the Company's Ofllces, 4, Arthur-street East ; and
Chaplin's Universal Office, Regent-circus.

THE FOUNDING of a COLONY in NEW
ZEALAND by the CANTERBURY ASSOCIA_TION'.
Ample information about the principles, objects, and plan of thi.
New Colony, torther with the mie‘ complete historical and topo-
graphical account of the "Britain of the South," will be found in
" The Handbook for New Zealai.d."
Published by John W. Parker, West Strand.

NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSU-
RA.NCE SOCIETT.
26, Cornhtll, London.
Capital £500,000.
Empowered by Act of Parliament. .

This Institution embraces important and substantial advantages
with respect to Life Assurances and Deferred Annuties.
Policies issued by this Society have a twofold advantage :—provi-
,ion for the family of the Assured, and an augmenting pecuniary
available resource to himself, if needful, whilel lying. Tke Assured
has, on all occasions, the power to borrow, without expense, or for-
eiture of the Policy, two-thirds of the Premiums paid.
DIVISION OF PROFITS.
The continued prosperity of the Society has enables the Directors
tt the Annual Meeting, hell on the 10th of May, 1848, to declare a
,ixtli bonus, varying from 27 to 65 per cent. on the rremiums paid
on each Policy effected on the profit scale.

74.
c Annuity.

X B. d.
47 16
24 15 IP,
13 19 9

Cash. I Policy.

r£ s. d a. d.
394 11 0 466 0 0
221 0 0 261 0 0
115 01136 6 0

•••••••••••
:7,
4-.1
20
30
40

Payable Payable
Anna- in one
ally. eum.

payable
for Dis-
parity.

£ s. d.'£ s. d.rX s. d.
0 10 1110 0 10 0 0 0
0 19 616 7 1 7 3 11
1 17 327 3 11 19 4 10

Immediate Annuities are also granted by the Society on liberal
terms, as will be seen by the following extracts from the Tables,
showing the annual amount of annuity upon every 1001. deposited:—
Age 50, £7 Ss. I Age 60, £9 14s. 3d. I Age 70, £l4 2s. 2d.
The Annual Report, with Tables of Rates, &c.. may be had at the
Office, or any of its Branches in the Country; or, on application, will
be forwarded post free.

W. S. B. WOOLIIMISE, Actuary.

LONDON" and NORTII-WESTERN
RAILWAY COMPANY.
NOTICE of ELEVENTH and FINAL CALL on GRAND
JUNCTION 407. SHARES.
Notice is hereby Given, that the Directors, in execution (f the
Acts of Parliament relating to the said Company, have, pursuant
to the provisions thereof, made a CALL of 5/. in respect of each of
the 407. Shares which were created by the Grand Jun lion Railway
Company on the 24th of July, 1844, and have ordered that such Call
be paid to one of the undermentioned bankers, namely—
London—Messrs. Glyn, Hallifax, Mills, and Co.
Birmingham—The Birmingham Banking Coe-many.
Liverpool—Messrs. Moss and Co., or the Bank of Liverpool.
Manchester—Sir Benjamin Heywood and Co., or the Manchester
and Liverpool District Bank,
On or before the 25th February next; and the several proprietors
of such 407. shares are required to pay such Call accordingly.
By order, GEO. CARR GLYN, Chairman.
CIIAS. LANSTENCE, Deputy Chairman.
HENRY BOOTH Secretaries.
CHARLES E STEWART, I
Easton station, London, Jan. 21, 1850.

THE POET'S PROPHECY.

I do not wont to imitate old Moore,
who often tried the future to expl,re.
I never handle matters of chronology
By means of signs connected with astrology.
Far more I know of waistcoats, coats, and breeches,
Than fortune-tellers, almanacks, and witches.
Yet, notwithstanding this, my humble muse
Is half-inclined to tread in Murphy's shoes,
By telling you the reasons she has got
For thinking winter will be hard er not.
Judging from signs, I do not think I'm wrong
In saying winter will be hard and long.
I fancy that the snowdrop's slender leaf .
Shows certain signs that winter won't be brief;
The crocus and the hyacinth as well
The self-same story of the winter tell ;
And there is something in the robin's note
Which indicates that warmth is far remote.
Now, it you think I'm right in such a guess,
A warning take, and look to winter dress.
Moses and Son's warm coats you must regard,
If winter's season's to be long and hard.
No opportunity have Moses' lost
In waking preparation for the frost.
The trading bard's prediction, kindly meant,
Should lead to Moses' famed establishment,
Where winter dress for moderate price is sold,
Adapted to the bard's predicted cold.
LIST OR PRICEA-
READY MADE.
Autumn and Winter Over Coats, in every
style .... • • ..
The Balwer,handsomely and warmly trimmed 0 18 0
The Paletot, ditto .• • • ...• ••.. • • 0 18 0
Chesterfield, ditto. ..... • • 1 0 0
The Alpert Wrapper, a very handsome style
of Over Coat .. • •
Shooting Coats • •
Lounging or Morning Coats .. •• • • a 4 6
Autumn and Winter Trousers, in Tweed .. • • 0 4 6
Ditto ditto Doeskin .. 0 7 6
Ditto Vests • • ..... •• • • 0 2 6
Black Silk Velvet Vests..... ........ ••• • • • 0 12 6
Dress Coats • • .........• .. •• . ....... •• •• • • 0 17 0
Frock Ditto •••••• • • • • "•••••••• • • • • • • • • • 0 19 0
Youths and Boys' Over Coats, in every style,
from .• •• ..... ••••••••••••• • • • • •• • • • • • • 0 7 o
Hossar and Tunic Snits ..................0 14 6
Boys' Autumn and Winter Vests 0 0
MADE TO MEASURE.
Men's Autumn and Winter Over Coats ••frorri 1 1 0
The Chesterfield Wrapper, in a warm ma-
terial, lined •••••• •• • • • ..... "••••• • • • • • 1 8 0
The l'aletot, handsomely and warmly trimmed 1 16 0
The Eglinton Wrapper, a very elogant style of
•
2 e 0
The Strathmore Witney Over Coat, newest
style. lined throughout .... . . •• •• •• • • '2 10 0
Autumn and Winter Trowscrs, in Tweed and
Doeskin.... ...... ..................
Best Black Cassimere ditto .• ••••••• • • • • • • • 1 6 0
Autumn and Winter Vests •• ... ..• •• • • 0 8 6
Best Black Cloth ditto •••••••••••• • • •• •• • • 0 13 6
Black Silk Velvet ditto •••••••••• • • • • " • • • • 0 18 6
•. Dress Coats.. ••• • • from 325. to 2 15 0
Frock ..................from 355. to 3 3 0
hussar and Tunic Saits...... • from 1 6 0
Superfine ••......
Men's Shooting Coat .. • • ••• • • .. 015 0
Elegant Dressing Robes, in great variety,
from ..... ..........• ..IGs. to 5 0 0
A Medal, containing an Almanac for the year 1850, wil be pre-
ented every customer.
A Large Stock if Fur Coats, in every shape, from 60s. to 201.
Naval and Military llnifosins, Liveries, &C.
Mourning to any extent at Five Minutes' notice.
A Suit of Mourning complete for 11. 10s.
The new book, entitled "The Minion of the Million," with full
directions for Self-measurement, can be had en application, or for-
warded, post free, to any part of the kingdom.
Notice—The Fur Department is now replete with every novelty
of the season.

Observe—Any article purchased, either ready made, or made to
measure, if not approved of will be exchanged, or the money returned.
E. mosita and I(SN, Tailors, Vroalicncirepers, Clothiers, flatters,
Hosiers, Furriers, Boot and Shoemakers, and General Outfitters, 154,
155, 156, and 157 Minorier, and 83, 84, 85, and 86 Aligate, City,
London; all comraanicating with each other, and forming one vast
EStablishment.

Caution.—E. Moses and Son regret having to guard the public
against imposition ; but raving heard that the untradesmanlike
falsehood of being connected with them, or " It is the same concern,"
has been resorted to in many instance; and for obvious reasons,
hey beg to state that they have iso cenn,xion sviib any other bony.
In cr out of London, except their Branch Establishments, 3t, Far-
gate, Sheffield ; and 19, Thorntcu's-buildings, Bradford, Yorkshire;
a vi taoso who require cheap and genuine elething, 840,, should eau
at or scud to tbr; Tdinories and Aidgate, City, London; or either of
the Branch Establishments, as above.
Tate Notice,--This Establisument is alosed frem sunset Friday,
to sunset Saturday, when Inirness is resumed till twelve o,ewsk.

NOTICE!
Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols., post Bvo.,
THE COUNTESS OF BLESSINGTON'S
NOVEL, "COUNTRY QUARTERS."
With Portrait, and Memoir of her Ladyship, by her Niece,

Miss POWER.
"A Tale of light-hearted Irish girls and light-heeled red-coats
full of incleut."-,--Atlientetun.

"'this novel is one of the most lively awl life-like of the Author's
pro uctions."—Literary Gazette.
illiam Shoborl, rub'isher, 20, Great 3farlborou:h-street.

This day is published, in Bvo., price Gs. ; by post 15s, Gd., with Map

of Ireland, and flan of Fliral nuildiogs.
THE PLANTATION SCHEME
Or, the WEST of IRELAND as a FIELD fur INVE:;T.

3IENT.

By JAMES CAM), Farmer, Balloon.
Author of " Iligh Farming under Liberal Covenant's."
William Blackwood and Sons, 45, George-street, Edinburgh; and
17, Paternoster-row, London.

ARGYLE SUBSCRIPTION ROOMS, Great
Windmill-street, M. J.tnies's.

3fusical Director and Concisetor, M. LAURENT, Jun

This ACADEMY, for Tuitiou and Practice of DANCING, is
NOW OPEN for the Season. Te.lehing by Professors Calkins,
Mosey, and Franconi.
For Terms of Private Tuition apply at the ofllce.—Terms of Sub-
scription, for morning and evening practice :—Six months, M. as.;
one month, I/. Is.; one evening, Is. Subscribers' tickets not.
transferable.

The Academy will open for evening practice at a Quarter to Eight
o'clock, and terminate at Half-past Eleven precisely.
The BENEFIT ef M. LAURENT, jun., is fixed for MONDAY
EVENING, the 4th ef February.

ROIAL POLYTECHNIC
INSTITUTION, REGENT-STREET.

The First of a Series of Illustrated Leltures, by Dr. Backhoffner,
7,11 the Philosophy of Scientific Recreation, daily at TWO o'clock, and
in the Evenings, at Eight.—An entirely new Set of Dissolving
Views of London in the Sixteenth Century, and as it now is, With
a Descriptive Lecture, daily, at Half-past Fonr, and in the Even-
ings at a Quarter to Ten.—The Views of /tome. including new
Views of the Interior and Exterior of St. Peter's, with Dioramic ef-
fects, are shown daily, at One o'clock.—Lectures on Chemistry, with
brilliant experiments, by Mr. Ashley.--Experiments with the Diver
and Diving-bell.—New Exhibition of Chromatropes.—The Ma-
chinery, Models, &c., explained.
Admission. ti.—. Schools, Half-price,

KEATING'S COUGII LOZENGES.-
A certain remedy for disorders of the Pulmonary Organs—
in Difficulty of Breathing—in Redundancy of Phlegm—in Incipient
Consumption (of which Cough to the most positive indication) they
are of_unerring efficacy. In Asthma and in Winter Cough they hare
never been known to fail. KEATLNG'S COUGH LOZENGES are
free from every de'eterious ingredient ; they may, therefore, be
taken at all times by the most delicate female and by the youngest
child ; while the Public Speaker and the Professional Singer will
find them invaluable in allaying the hoarseness and irritation incL
dental to vocal exertion, and consequently a powerful auxiliary in
the production of melodious enunciation.

Pre: ared and sold in Boxes, Is. I VI., and Tins 2s. 94., is. 6d.,
and lOs. 6,1. each, by Thomas Keating, Chemist, &c., No. 79, St
Paul's Church-yard, London; retail by all Druggists and Patent
Medicine Vende-s in the kingdom.

NORTO.I'S CAMOMILE PILLS are confi-
dently- recommended as a simple but certain remedy to all
who snffer from indigestion, sick headache, bilious and liver com-
plaints, heartburn, and acidity of the stomach, depressed spirits, dis-
turbed sleep, ♦iolent palpitations, spasms, general debility, costive-
ness, &c. They act as a powerful tonic and gentle aperient ; are
mild in their operation, safe under any circumstances, and thousands
of perm ins can now bear testimony to the benefits to be derived from
their use.

Sold In Bottles at Is. 2s. 9d., and Ils. each, in every Town
in the Kingtion%

CAUTION—Be sure to ask for " NORTON'S riu,s," and do not
be persuaded to purchase an imitation.

?R. LA'MERT ON THE SECRET INFIRMITIES OF YOUTH
ANI) MATURITY.-WITH 40 COLOURED ENGRAVINGS ON
STEEL.

rtud published, and may be had in French or English, in a Sealed
EnTclopc, 2s. 6d., or post-free, from the Author, for forty-two
Clomps,

ELF-PRESERVATION; a
I,Y Medical Treatise on the Physiology of Marriage, and on
the Secret Infirmities and Disorders of Youth and Maturity,
usually acquired at an early period of life, which enervate
he physical and ;rental powers, diminish and enfeeble the natural
and exhaust the vital energies of Manhood ; with Practical
Observations on the Treatment of Nervous Debility And Indigestion,
whether arising from these causes, close study, or the influence of
tropical climates: Local and Constitutional Weakness, Syphilis,
Stricture, and all Diseases and Derangements resulting from Indis-
cretion. With Forty coloured Engravings, Illustrating the
Anatomy, Physiology, and Diseases of the Reproductive Organs,
explaining their stractuies, uses, and functions, and the various
Injuries that are produced in them by solitary habits, excesses, and
infection. BY SAMUEL LA'MERT, M.D.,
37, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON.

Doctor of Medicine. Matriculated Member of the University of Edin-
burgh, Licentiate of Apothecaries' Hall, London, Honorary Member

of the London Hospital Medical Society, &c.
This work contains an accurate and complete account of the
Anatomy and Physiology of the Reproductive Organs. It un-
fortunately happens that the unhappy victim of excessive indul-
gence and vicious habits, while suffering from their invariable con-
sequences, unwisely entertains a fear of ap:slying to a qualified physi-
cian for relief. Shame and the dread so frequently,s but erro-
neously entertained that these complaints are beyond the reach of
art, alike restrict him and prevent his seeking for assistance where
alone it can be procured. Dr. LVMERT has taken the highest
medical honours, as his diplomas testify, and the great extent of his
practice far many years is a fretarantee for his professional experi-
ence, which has reference almost solely to the treatment of these
diseases.

Published by the Author, and may be had of Kent and Richards,
52, Paternoster -row; Hannay, 63, Oxford-street; Starie, Tichborne-
street, Ilay-market ; 11a_vn, 39, Combat ; Gordon, 146, Leaden-
hall-street, London; or, free by post for forty-two stamps, froze
the At.ther's Residence. 37. Bedford-square London.

Ptigt A 3 1 I A Gr E.
11 Ono half the world are desolately single, and the other
teppeslng them married, questionably contented. Diendence, or a
sznee of right determine the former, and miscalculated hopes em-
*Ater the latter. The solitary one may shield himself wider the plea
o: caution and worldly prudence, and the indissoluble, regret lut-
a wirrosieg harry ; but the truth lies deeper. Physical incapacity,
and broken beelth, aro the great hindrances to domestic happiness
Ind rods,' content. The dowry should not be the only marriage set-
Consent. Honour and justice demand that health should forte as item
In the convect; it alone dignifies the allience. Blighted hopes or
neglect wetted mere sorely than poverty or misfortune. Reader, if
those surmises concern you, procure Dr. CIILVERWELL'S little
VISMOIRS "On Single and Married Life," pub. in 2 vols., Is.
each (by rest, in stamps, Ir. 6d. cacti). Let no imaginatively
net red, er prudish feeling deter you, by their titles, nor be hindered
s misinterpretatior of their supposed contents, from obtaining
azem. They ere nut intended certainly for more idle ceriesity, tint
fir tee eleset perusal or those mere deeply interested, to whom
they ere offered as antagonistic to the empyrical trash put forth on
the ebeve sublecte, by unqualited authors, wbleh alone er
Le:ether, ere a disgrace to the age. Furthermore, two other
etle enelications claim your attention (same price Is. cacti,
cat le. 6th) called " Whet to sat, Drink, and
evotd," end " Bow to be Happy." They are not merely
padep-lete, but equal In quantity a library volume, nor are they the
nacre erhemeral scribblings of the hour, but the study of the author's
life wile owes ibis present existeece, health, and position to this ob-
servance of the maxims be would inculcate—to do unto others as he
workie ee done ante—to lice alter nature's laws—and to keep always
on the "ninny silo of the way." The above works may bo bad of
Sherwood, 23. l'aternester-raw ; Carvelho, 147, Flectestreet • Mann,
89, Corn,.lll; Spokes, 5, Holborn bill ; or direct (by pelt or other-
wiee) ,eeet the mlittmr ~wee may be conferred with. personally,
mornings Ive. Arg7n-plaxt Await-street: Ara ail
Booksellers
-

THIRTY-FIRST EDITION.
Illustrated by 26 Anatomical Coloured Engravings on Steel.
taliYalC AL DIaIQUALTCATIONS, GENERATIVE INCAPA •
CITY, ANTI IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE.
%ew l'aition, enlarged to )P pages. Just published, price 2s. 6d., or
by post, direct from the Establishment, 3s. 6d. in postage stamps,
THE SILENT FRIEND, a Medical Work on
the than:titles and decay of the generative system, from ea-
essiye indulgence, infection, and the inordinate use of mercury,
vith remarks on Marriage, and the means of obviating cert sin d:a-
-inaliflcations. Illastrated by 26 Coloured Engravings. By R. and
L. PERRY and CO., Consulting Surgeons, lb, Berners-street, Ox-
ard-etrect, London. Published by the Authors : cold by Strange,
21, Paternoster-row; Hannay, 63, and Sanger, 150, Oxford-street;
Starie,23, Titaba.lllo- street, Ilayroarket ; axd Gordon, 146, Leaden-
hell-.treat.
PART I. treats of the anatomy and physiology of the re-productiao
organs, and is illustrated by Six Coloured Engravings.
Liar If. treats of the consequences resulting from excessiveineltd-
gene°, and their lanicataide effects on the system, producing mental
and bodily weakness, nervous excitement, and generative neapacity.
illustrated bY Three Explanatory Engravings.
PATIT 111. treats of the diseases resulting from infection, either in
she primary or secondary form, and cantabile explicit directions fir
their treatmist. This section is illustrated ay Seventeen Coloured
langraaisgs.:
PAST IV. contains a Prescription for the Prevention of Disease
by a simple applicatlen, by which the danger of infection as ()r-
-elated. This important part of the Work should no escr2e the
reader's notice.
Feax Y. is devoted to the consideiation of marlage, and its
autos. The causes of anprodactive union are also considered, and
the whole sabieet critically and philosophicall7 inqaired into.
TITECORDIAL BALM OF Symacum is exclusively employed in treat-
lat nervous and sexual debility, impotence, azc., lls. and 335. per
tatio. The Concentrated Detersfac Fssence, an anti-syphilitic
remedy, for purifying the blood i- enact of infection, secondary F7rop-
toms, eruptions, and the abuse of mercury, l Is. and 335. per bottle.
Perry's Turitying Specific 'R. Pd., 4s. 6d., and I is. per box, a
certain remedy for gonorrhoea, Fleet, stricture, and chromic infiamm a-
lon of the bleddor. "aonsaltation fee, if by letter, IL A minute
detail of the case is iequhod : age, habitt, and position in society.
vackett, staaa advice, to be had at the Establishment only, by
which ,he ft-cll., is saved, Messrs. Perry, Surgeons, are in atten-
lanae also,' at IS, siert:en-street Oxford-street, London, from ylO-
- till Tara ala PT's to Trittlit, or Ponds,* from iglown $o (Pre

KENT COUNTY MEETING.—The following circular
has been sent, vie believe, to nearly every farmer in
West Kent:--" The West Kent Committee most
earnestly- solicit your early attendance at the county
meeting on Thursday next. The several committees
are summoned to meet at the Bull Inn, Penenden-heath,
at t-n o'clock in the morning, when they hope to have
the support of every yeoman and friend to British in-
dustry and capital. Provision will be made against un-
favourable weather. It has teen threatened that Mr.
Cobden and his free-trade party are to oppose us. Give
them a meeting, and let them see that the yeomen of
Kent will not submit to be robbed any longer by such a
selfish and un•English faction. Consider that the issue
of this great struggle der ends on yourself, and the result
cannot be doubted.--West Kent Committee, 17th Jan.,
1850." It is observable that nobody signs this circular.
That fact is easily explained; the statement about Mr.
Cobden's attendance, and any efforts to get Free-traders
present, being without one single particle of truth. It
is whispered in Maidstone that a certain nut:tater of
" bullies," who sometimes officiate for the Conserva-
tives at our borough elections, are to be hired to hoot
don n the free-trade speakers, should there be any. This
is a dangerous course. We hope the report may not be
true. The people of Maidstone, at the last Stanhope
met ting here, were shut out of their own Town-hall by
their own police (by order of somebody). They will not
suffer themselves to be "gagged" a second time.—Maid-
stone Gazette.
[ADVERTISEMENT.]—Holloway's Pills, a sure Re-
medy for Coughs, Colds, and Oppression of the Chest.—
These complaints being accompanied, more or less, by fever, the
most prompt measures should be adopted to reduce the febrile
action of the system, and allay the irritation of the affected
parts, for which purpose nothing surpasses Holloway's Pills.
Let the sufferer then have immediate recourse to a few doses of
this inestimable medicine, which will speedily remove all weight
or pain in the head, pains in the chest, or a troublesome cough,
and thereby promote an easy respiration, and effect a certain
cure. For asthma and all affections of the lungs they are
equally efficacious.— Sold by all druggists, and at Professor
Holloway's Establishment, 244, Stratid, London.

THE COUNTRY MARKET.
IPSWIOII, JAN. 22.
Wheats were in lare supply at our market this day,
but the drelinc in price was not equal to that repoltad
in Lend n yesterday, and the growers were unwilling to
sub nit to but a trifling abutAuent. Barley in middlicg
qua'ity; it met a heavy sale at a shilling per quart©r ro-
duet on, as did beans, peas, and all other atticl9v.

PER QUARTER.I • PEP. QUARTER.
Wheat, red 39s to 40s.lhans, old
Do., white
(2120:
toto
2030b.1
44i to 46, Peas 26s to 00s
Barley, malting 263 to 27., Oats. oos to 00s
D.)., 6el,et
Beaus 2ss to 265; Flour, per sack.. ON to 00k
DJ., grindingl%ll'lY:it ''''''' •.... Ogss toto 0000:
AVERAGES FOR TUE WEEK ENDING JAN. 19.
Wheat 1.408 quarters at 42s Id.
Barley
vat'
,f 19s 6d.
Beans 96 ff 27s 3d.
Yeas..... 56 „
Rye 00
-.11 ULLO,. 22. 26s 7.1.
005 Od.
•

Messrs. Taylor and Brig1;i;; circular states:—The
frost still continuos, with m ire or less of severity, and
the inland navigation remains closed. Business is quite
contracted in consequence, and sales are in the tnerett
retail. A good attendance of frirm,-rs to-day, and a large
show of wheat; the trade was dull at is under last week's
prices. Maley maintains its value for both sorts:
Nothing doing in other kinds of spring corn. The lin
seed market quiet, with dulness in oil, and a little more
doing in cakes. We note no alteration in .either tape
cakes or bones.

The following are the present prices of grain:—
S. • '
Wheat, English, red 38 to 40
Do. white ...... . 4O" 4:2
Dantzic and Ko-
nigsberg
... 46 481
Pomeranian and

Hamburgh . 3B 401
Danish, Holstein, &
Friesland 3l 36
kuysian and Odessa 32 36
Oats, English
Do. Vanish , 10 12
Do. Friesland l5 16
Do. Russ. & Odessa 12 14
Barley,maltiug 22 24
Do. 19 21
Beans
Do. foreign .. 25 301

S. fi •
Peas, white and yel. 25 28
Do. grey
Linseed, Black Sea 44 46
i Do. Petersburgh
Do. Riga & Arciangl 3B 40

ay
Do• Konigsberg.... 36 30
Par ton.
Linseed cakes, Hull ...6117s 61
1110. fine foreign ..... 61 5s
Do. inf erior foreign 5l Os
Rapeseed • 601 to 30/
Rape cakes ..80s Od to 82s 6d
Tares, English ooa —00 s
Do. foreign 2os —35 s
Guano 6l to 91.10 s
Bones, do ()Os Od to 90* Od
Rye meal ............... 6/0s

Lime,aPooL, JAN. 22. At this day's market there was
a limited attendance of the town and country trade, who
evinced but little disposition to make purchases. Avery
small business was transacted in wheat at a reduction of
fully 2d per 70Ibs on Iristunew, and Id to 2d on f reign.
Oats declined id per 451bs. iti,the few salty made, and
oatmeal was quite reglected. Barley, beaus, and peas
met with the usual retail demand at luty rates. Ordinary
descriptions of flour were exceedingly difficult to dispose
of, and 6il per sack and barrel lower. Some parcels of
fine French, however, realised extreme prices, bringing
from 37s to 40e per sack. Indian corn was in good re-
quest; prime yellow brought 29s 6d to 30s, and a small
parcel of fine white sold as high as 32s per quarter.
CORK, JA N. 21.—Flour—First 12s Gd to 13s Gd; extra 15s;
seconds, 11s to 12s 6d ; households Os to lOs Gd; thirds, 6s to 8s
per cwt. Oatmeal 101 to 1056 d; Indian meal7s to is 8d ; wheat-
meal, 10s to 10s Gd per cwt. Indian corn 130 s to 137 s 6d per ton.
Bran 3/7s 6d to 3/10sper ton. Hay—Farmers 29, to 365; average
32s ; dealers 32s to 40s Od; average 36s per ton. Straw— Farmers
12s Od to 30s Od ; average 225; dealers 323 Od to 005 Od;
average 00s Od per ton. Bread—Wheaten loaf Gd to 6id;
household loaf 5d to siel per 41b. Fresh butter, 8d to
10d per lb Eggs —53 2d to 55 4d per hundred. Coals—
Newport 15s; Lydney 17s ; Landore 158; Best Neath
Cohn 14s per ton. Tallow 398 Od to 00s per cwt.
Whisky, 25 o. p., 5s 9d per imperial gallon. Meat
—Beef 3id to sd; mutton 3d to sd; veal 4d to
Od ; pork 34d to 4d ; bacon 6d to 7hel ; sausages 5d per
lb. Hops 131 Os per cwt. Bangor slates 3/ 2s 6d to 315 s pet
ton. Bark—Barbary 7158 to 8/ 5s ; Valonia 141 to 0/; French
71 ss; English 01 per ton. Fleece Wool 10, to 12a per stone.
Hemp 32/ to 001 per ton. Fish— Scotch herrings 185 to 19s ; red
t oto l
ditto 24s to 26s per barrel ; Newfoundland 9' Os to 11/ pet
ton. Timber—Memel, 85/ per ton; deals, first quality, lBs,
second quality, 16s per 100. Hides—Market 13s to 208;
salted 13s to 205 per cwt ; calf skins 2d to 3d per lb.
PPeortautvoieans,, wlhlittelBocli; tiocb9adb;oel‘,li9nl pionesr
n 12d
; Ta
;ArGehuaane ngo-1,
19s per barrel.

BIRTHS AND DEATHS IN LONDON.
(From the Registrar-General's Return.)
In the week ending last Saturday, 1,156 deaths
were registered in the metropolitan districts; the
average for ten corresponding weeks of previousyears
(1840-49) is 1,125, which, if a correction be made
for increase of population, becomes 1,227. The
luwest number in the ten weeks was 916 in 1840;
the highest was 1,401 in 1848. Though the rate of
mortality has much increased since December, and
the present return shows an increase. of nearly an
hundred on the previous week, the deaths are still less
than the average by 71. To the coldness of the wea-
ther may be ascribed the increase of mortality which
recent returns have exhibited. In the last three weeks
the deaths from phthisis or consumption have been re-
spectively 129, 140, and 157 (the corrected average
for last week being 146); from bronchitis 103, 120,
and 131 (the average being 73) ; from asthma 19,
35, 27 (the average being 52) ; and from pneumonia,
95, 83, and 85, whilst the average is 117. Of the 85
persons (comparatively few) who died last week from
pneumonia, 60 were children; but of the 131 who
died from bronchitis, which much exceeds the average,
by far the larger proportion were persons of advanced
age. Seven men and 14 women died last week
at 85 years of age and upwards; one of the latter in
Bishopsgate Workhouse, had reached the age of 99.
Epidemic diseases continue to be less fatal than usual,
except measles, which carried off 37 children, or
rather more than the average. This disease ranged
in the corresponding week of ten previous years from
Bto 51. Only 10 deaths occurred from diarrhoea ;
and no deaths are ascribed to cholera in the returns of
the week; but a man who had cholera in August,
and never wholly recovered from the effects of it, died
in St. Thomas's Hospital, where he had been for nine
weeks. During the last seven weeks only two deaths
from cholera have appeared in the bills of mortality.
A few cases are selected from the Registrars' re-
port :
In Camden Town (sub-district), at 30, Cambridge-
street, the son of a navigator, aged 1 year, died of
" acute hydrocephalus (congenital), slight fever (1
week), convulsions.
At 19, Cambridge-street (same as above), the
daughter of a whitesmith, aged 16 months, of " per-
tussis (10 days), pneumonia (3 days)." Mr. Holl
describes Agar Town, where this street is situated,
as damp, badly drained, and unhealthy."
At St. Clement Danes, in Nag's Head-court, the
daughter of a hawker, 11 months, of " convulsions."
Mr. Jones states, that
owing to the bad drainage
the filth runs out beneath the water sink, and creates
so intolerable a smell that one cannot enter the yard
for it."

At Hackney-road, in Turville-buildings, a wadding
dealer died of " chronic asthma (5 years)." Mr.
Murray states that the court is crowded, close, and ill
ventilated, and that the water not being laid on, it
must be begged from neighbouring places.
Kent-road (sub-district), in Ann-street, the son
of a hawker, lo weeks, of " herpes and debility."
Mr. Fitch states that " the parents and other inha-
bitants of the street are for the most part hawkers of
vegetables, &c., and have suffered severely from want
during the late inclement weather."
Upper Clapton, Caroline-street, is described by
Mr. Montaigne as
seldom cleaned." " very filthy,
•
over-crowded, and

Births in the week 1,383.
The mean daily reading of the barometer at Green-
wich Observatory was 29.57'4 in. The mean daily
temperature ranged from 25.5 on Tuesday to 40.6 on
Saturday. The mean of the week was 31.1, which is
5.5 less than the average of the same week in seven
years. On Tuesday the mean temperature was
nearly 11. less than the average•

iOI.ORTALITY in the METROPOLIS.
NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES REGISTERED IN
THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, JA N. 19, 1850.
Epidemic, Endemic, and Contagious Diseases ... 4193
Diseases of Uncertain Seat ... 46
Tubercular Diseases ... .•• ••• ••• ... 207
Diseases of the Brain, Nerves, and Senses... ... 129
Diseases of the Heart and Blood-vessels ... 51
Diseases of the Lungs, and other Orgtitis of
Respiration •••
... X 63
Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other brans
of Digestion... ... ••• ... ... 58
Diseases of the Kidneys, &e. r ~„ 9
Childbirth, Diseases of the Uterus, 8, ' „, 13
Diseases of the Joints, Bones, and Muscles ... 7
Diseases of the Skin, &c. .•• ••• ...
Malformations... •••
Premature Birth ... ••• •• •••
Atrophy
Old Age
Sudden ..• •••
Violence, Privation, Cold, and Intemperance
Causes not specified ...

... 36
... 21
... 73
... 7
... 27

DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES ... ••• 1,156
Males ••• ••• ••• ••• 546
Females ... —, ••• ••• ••• 610

FROM THE LONDON GAZETTE
OF TUESDAY.
DOWNING-STREET, Jett. 22, 1850.
The Queen has been pleased to appoint Thomas
' Horne, Esq., to be Puisn© Judge of the Supreme Court
of the colony of Van Diemen's Land.
Her Majesty has also been pleased to appoint Valen-
tine Fleming, Esq., to be her Majesty's Attorney-Gene-
ral for the colony of Van Diemen's Land.
Her Majesty has also been pleased to appoint Alban
Charles Stonor, Esq., to be her bl ,jeety's Solicitor-Ge-
neral for the colony of Van Diemen's Land.
Her Majesty has further been pleased to appoint
Francis Smith, Esc; , to be Crown-Solicitor Mai Clerk of
the Peace for the colony cf Van Diertasin's Land.
COURT Olt' QUEEN'S BENCH.
HILARY TERM, 13TH VICTORIA.
January 22, 1850.
This Court will hold sittings, and will proceed in die-
posing of the business now pending in the New Trial,
Special, and Crown Papers in the fallowing order :
On Friday the lit, and Mondsy the 4th drys of February
net, the Country New Trials. Tuesday the sth, Wed-
. day the 6th, Monday the 11th, Tuesday the 12th, and
We lnesday the 13th days f February, the Special
Paper. Thursday the 14th, Friday the 15th, and Sa-
turday the 16th days of February, the Crown Paper;
and will also hold a Sitting on Tuesday the 26th day
of February, and give judgment in cases previously
argued. BY THE COURT.
WHITEHALL, JAN. 16.
The Lord Chancellor has appointed James Wood, of
the town of Nottingham, Gent., to be a Master Extraor-
dinary in the High Court of Chancery.
BANKRUPTS.
George Hammond, wharfinger, Mill Wail, Poplar,
to surrender, Feb. 5, at two, and March 5, at twelve, at
the Coutt cf Bankruptcy. Edwards, official assignee,
Frederick's-place, Old Jewry; Wilkinson, Gurney, and
Steens, Nicholas-lane; Lombard-shut.
It.bert Fulford, builder, Fulf Southgate-
road, Jac. 28, at two, and March 18, at eleven, at the
Court of Bankruptcy. Graham, official assignee, Cole-
man-street; Overton and Hughes, Old Jewry.
Daniel Bishop, wine merchant, St. James's-square,
Middlesex, Feb. 4, at two, and March 11, at twelve, at
the Court t.f. Bankruptcy. Graham, official assignee,
Coleman-street; Tilson and Co., Coleman-street.
John Oliver, plumber, Bayswater, Feb. 4, at half-past
one, arid March 11, at half•past eleven, at the Court of
Bankruptcy. Graham, official assignee; Bicknell and
Bicknell, Edgwue-road.
Robert Kennet, licensed victualler, Broadway, West-
minster, Jar. 29, at one, and March 18, et half-past
eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Graham, official
assignee, Coleman-street; Low, Lawrence-lane, Chcap•
bide.

Jesse Hilton and Jonathan Fisher, silk manufacturers,
Foleshill, 'Warwickshire, Jan. 29 and Feb 26, at twelve,
at the Birmingham District Court. Valpy, official as-
signee, Birmingham ; Jackson, Coventry; Motteram,
Knight, and Emmet, Birmingham.
James Bannehr, law stationer, Exete-, ,Tan. 31, at one,
and March 6, at eleven, at the Exeter District Court.
[Jim 1, official assignee, Exeter; Gray, Exeter.
John Dignett, shoemaker, Weaverham, Cheshire, Feb.
1 and 28, it eleven, at the Liverpool District Court.
Turner, official aseigr ee Liverpool; Dodge, Liverpool.
William Shaw and gamuel Shaw, timber merchant.,
Saddlevi orth, Yorkshire, Feb. 5 and 26, at eleven, at the
Manchester District Court. Fraser, official assignee,
Manchester; Buckley, Ashton-under-Lyne.
DIVIDENDS.
At the Court, Basinghall •street.
T. Pye, King's-road, Chelsea, limiter merchant, Fels.
14, at eleven—R. R. Chubb, Newgate-street, City, seeds-
man and florist, Feb. 14, at one—H. C. Brown, Win-
chester, builder and surveyor, Feb. 1, at twelve.
In the Country.
B. Smith, Droitwich, Worcestershire, corn dealer, at
the Court, Birmingham, Jan. 11, at eleven—H. L. Or-
ton awl Paxton, Box, Wiltshire, builders, at the
Court. Bristol. Feb. 11, at eleven—Hannah Maria New-
ion, Foubit )r. e, Yorkshire, victualler, at the Court, Leeds,
Feb. 14, at &even—G. HinchelifTe, Leeds, cloth manu-
facturer, at the Court, Leeds, Fets. 14, at eleven.
PAYMENT OF DIVIDENDS.
W. Potter, Birkenhead, Cheshire, and Liverpool, mer-
chant, 5d., on Thursday, Jan. 24, or any subsequent
Tom arlay, between eleven and two, at the office of Mr.
Cazer.ove, Liverpool.
J. Higginson and R. Deane, Liverpool and Barbadoes,
merchants, 2s. 3d., and a second dividend of 94., on
Thursday, Jan. 24, or any subsequent Thursday, be•
teen eleven and two, at the office of Mr. Turner,
Liverpool.
NOTICES OF CERTIFICATES.
At the Court, Basinghall-street.
W. Bird, Greet Yarmouth, Norfolk, hotel keeper, Feb.
14, at two—S. H. Leah, jun., Romford, Essex, auc-
tioneer, Feb. 14, at ha f past eleven—C. S. Smith, Louth,
Lincolnshire, draper, Ft b. 13, at twelve—R. Michael,
Boulogne-sur•Mer, France, general merchant, Fen. 13,
at twelve—C. Wetherilt, Down-street, Piccadilly, iron-
monger, Feb. 13, at eleven—Elizabeth Rust, Good
Easter, Essex, brickmaker, Feb. 15 at eleven—J. Ro-
binson, Maldon-road, Haverstock-hill, Feb. 12, at half-
part twelve—J. Adderson, West Dereham, Norfolk,
butcher, farmer, and cattle dealer, Feb. 14, at half-past
eleven—T. Richbell, Cold Harbour-lane, Brixton, and
Woolrich; rocket and shell manufacturer, Feb. 14, at
two—W. H. Colyer and F. Webst-r, Wood-street, Mill-
hank, Westminster, brewers, Feb. 14, at one.
In the Country.
R. Kidd, Tynemouth, Northumberland, brewer and
spirit merchant, Feb. 12, at one, at the Court, New-
castle-upon-Tyne—J. Yeoman, Sheffield, merchant and
table-blade manufacturer, Feb. 16, at twelve, at the
Council-hall, Sheffield—C. Curti*, Nottingham, corn
factor, March 1, at ten, at the Court, Nottiog-
ham—S. Hipkins, Sedgley, Staffordshire, grocer and
provision dealer, Feb. 14, at twelve, at the Court, Bir-
mingham.

CERTIFICATES GRANTED.
J. Turner, Newmarket, saddler and harnessmaker,
Jan. 18—T. Ilebbard, Water-lane, Tower-street, mer-
chant, Jan. 17—F. E. Ball, Downton, Wiltshire, gro-
cer, Jan. 18 —H. Harris, Northampton, carpenter and
builder, Jan. 19, certificate of the second clam—H. G.
Astle, Margate, t )yman and tobacconist, Jan. 11, cer-
tificate cf the first class—Eliza Neuene, Bread-street,
City, watch and clock maker, Jan. 11, certificate of the
third class—C. W. Da Bernardy, Salisbury-square, Fleet-
rtrect, money scrivener andicommission agent, Jan. '2l,
certificate of the third class—J. Birley, Doncaster, gro-
cer and corn dealer, Jan. 19, certificate of the first class,
after 21 days—R. Taylerson, Felling Store, Durham,
iron manufacturer, Jan. 10, certificate of the third class
—T. Fox, West Comforth and Thrislington, Durham,

limeburner and coal mtrchant, Jan. 9, certificate of the
third class —T. Coates, Sunderland, wine and spirit
merchant, Jan. 17, certificate of the third class—J.
Jackman, Taiwan, Esclasham Above, Denbighshire,
farmer, Feb. 12—G. Steadman, Castle Church, Stafford-
shire, currier, Feb. 12.
PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED.
R. Howarth and S. Ayland, Manchester and Preston,
fustian shearers—W. Shield and R. Turner, Newcastle-
upon• Tyr,o, printsellers, booksellers, and stationers—
W. Birkby and J. Birkby, Birstal, Yorkshire, card-
rnakera—W. Walker, and J. A. Bird, Liverpool, sue-
tioncers—D. Aitken and C. P. Pepper, Boston, drapers
—J. Bailey and J. Ball, Longton, Staffordshire, china
manufacturers—G. Hutt•as arid J. Smith, Sheffield,
millers—W. H. Peace, E. Peace and J. Kirby, Sheffield,
steel manufacturers—E. Barrow and J. Barrow, Roch-
dale, dyers—C. Barns and B. Barns, Ipswich, coopers—
J. Chappell and G. Williamson, Rochdale, cotton spinners
—R. Day, J. S. Robson, and T. D. Green, Saffron Wal-
den, Essex, grocers ar/c1 drapers (so far as regards R.
Day)—V. Hellicar and J. Hallicar, Bristol, and New-
port, Monmouthshire—J. Naylor and H. Naylor, Win-
tertoe, Lincolnshire, drapers—S. Deutshman and S.
Davidion, Newcastle, capreakers—J. Burnley, G. Scot-
son, W. Nichols, W. Westerman, S. Siddall, and G.
Richardson, Leeds, machine-makers (so far as regards
G. Seutsoa)—R. Hutchinson and J. Parkin, Sunderland,
browera—J. Bright, T. • Bright, J. Bright, jun., and S.
Lucas, Collyhurr, near Manchester, cotton-spinners (so
far as regards S. Lucas)—P. P. Bouvcrie, H. Norman,
and J. G. Murdoch (so far as regards H. Norman)—
Ann Atherton, H. Atherton, and S. Dean, Oldham, cot-
ton-spinners—J. Johnson, W. Worthington, J. Worth-
ington, T..Firthi, R.Y.Jltclfield, and %V. Johnson, Parr,
..Lancaahire, goal-proprietors, and Newbridge, Cheshire,
satrlet-ept,i6aprtidieittorll Lo
obft_siree e and
tv,liile
-W. e
nd H.
timber ove,
miteirchchaarndtsso. n-
INSOLVENT PETI noNlills.
John Davison, Barnard Castle, Durham, beer-house-

keepee.
Thomai,Hopkinson, Ironville, Derbyshire, builder.
Isaac Morris, Broadway, Worcestershire.
William Daunton, Burnham, Somersetshire, painter.
John Rosicilly, jun.,- Pelynt, Cornwall, farmer.
Henry Weston, Wildsley, Kent.
Benjamin Allport, Tushingbam Hall, Cheshire, salt
manidactirier. •
Jar) Salvidge, Cardiff, Glamorganshiro, butcher.
Robtrt Stringer, Liverpool, salt manufacturer.
William Pearce, St. Mt lions, Monmouthshire, grocer.
- SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS.

A. Rankin and A. Brown, Glasgow, merchants, to
meet within the Star Hotel, Glasgow, Jan. 26 and Feb.
19, at two.
T. Puma, W. Henderson, and G. Swan, Glasgow,
silk-mercers and drapers, to meet within the Globe
Hotel, Glasgow, Jan. 29 and Feb. 18, at two.
J. Spence, sen., Glasgow, mason, to meet within the
Globe Hotel, Glasgow, Jan. 25 and Feb. 20, at eleven.
D. M'Naughton, merchant and dealer in furniture,
Edinburgh, to meet within Canon's Temperance Hotel,
Edinburgh, Jan. 26 and Feb. 18, at .two.
W. Morrison, D. Ferrier, and G. Wesley, Aberdeen
and Finga4k, Aberdeenshire, woolspinners, to meet
withi❑ the Royal Hotel, Aberdeen, Jan. 29 and Feb.
19, at twelve.
J. Ramsay, Edinburgh, wright, to meet within Dawell's
Rooms, Edinburgh, Jan. 28 and Feb. 18, at two.

The Electric Telegraph Company has now laid
down wires by which the transmission of messages from
the branch office at Charing-cross direct to all pArts of
the 14 ingdem can be effected at any hour during the day
or night. This arrangement, from the proximity of
the office to the houses of Parliament, law courts, &c.,
will increase the rapidity of telegraphic communications,
both public and private, from the west-end of the me-
tropolis.

TIIE RELATIONS OF LANDLORD
AND TENANT.
The following letter has been addressed by Lord
Lyttelton to his chief tenants, and is worthy of more
extended circulation :

" llagley, Jan., 1850.
" Dear Sir,—You have been informed that I have
directed the payment of your rent to be deferred
from the end of the present month till Lady-day.
This I have done chiefly, as I did once before, in
order that you may be enabled to avail yourself of
improvement in the markets for the produce of
your farm, should such occur, in the course of that
time. But irmsmuch as this will deprive me of the
opportunity of addressing you together with my
other tenants, which I usually have about this time
of the year, I take this method of communicating to
you a few remarks which I might otherwise have
made in another manner.
" At times of low prices, like the present, it is
usual with many excellent landlords to make a tem-
porary abatement, a return of part of the rent, gene-
rally 10 per cent., to their tenants on the rent-day.
I am bound to state distinctly that this is a practice
which I never shall adopt in any circumstances, as it
seems to me to proceed upon very objectionable prin.
ciple. It is usually done, as it has been re-
cently, after the said low prices have prevailed for
not more than a year or a year and a half. If it
means anything, therefore, it means that the agreement
between landlord and tenant for a fixed rent was made
on an implied understanding that if prices were not
every year to be up to a given amount, fairness, or at
least liberality, required -that, in any year in which
they were materially below that amount, the agree-
ment should be departed from. Now, in the first
place, if such were the case, the result ought not to be
all on one side ; the landlord ought to be considered
as well as the tenant ; when the prices for the year
exceeded the supposed amount, the landlord ought to
receive an increase of rent, as the tenant receives an
abatement when they fall below. Did any one ever
hear of such a thing being done, or does any one
conceive that it could by any possibility be done ?
" But I entirely deny that rents are, or ought to
be, fixed on any arch understanding, and I consider
that if they were it would be fatal to the interests of
anriculture. A tenant ought to calculate what he can
afford to pay, according to the average of a long
course of years. Leases are, of course, founded upon
this principle, and are utterly unmeaning on any other;
and it is denied by no one that for a proper system of
cultivation a tenant must either have the security of
a lease or some practical equivalent to it. Where-
fore, not the fluctuations from year to year, but the
average of 20 or 21 years ought to govern the agree-
ment by which both landlord and tenant shall be
bound. The good years are to make up for the bad.
No doubt this requires that a tenant shall be a man
with resources which he can lay by and fall back upon ;
and I know some persons say that this is all very
well, but that it cannot lip expected that farmers shall
have such resources, and that they must needs live
from hand to mouth. To this I can only say that I
have never found this to be the case with my tenants
—that I do not believe it is the case with them ; and
that if I did believe it, I never would do anything
that should tend to perpetuate so rotten and ruinous a
system.

"It follows that if there is a reasonable prospect
of a permanent reduction in the prices of whatever
articles enter into the calculation of the letting value
of land, the reduction of rents must be permanent
also. Any one can see that this is a mere truism ;
but yet it is by no means consistent with much
of the language which is heard on this subject.
Landlords are entreated and advised to lower their
rents, as if it was a matter of kindness or of moral
obligation. But it is no such thing. Rent is value,
and must be regulated, like any other value, by the
market for the article to which it refers. Now, I
know perfectly well that there is not one of my farms
which, if it were vacant, I could not let in a fortnight
at its present rent. As long as this is the case there is
no reasonableness in the suggestion that I, or any one
in a similar case, should lower our rents. Of course
it is not necessary, in order to ascertain this, that any
farm should be actually vacant. I should be sorry to
have any of my farms thrown up, but there is no diffi-
culty in any neighbourhood in knowing how any part
of the land would let.

" I do not mean to represent the relation of land-
lord and tenant as simply that of a shopkeeper and
customer, but as regards the mere price of land it is
so. The difference is in the general intercourse, and
willingness on the part of the landlord to do all he
can to promote and assist in the good cultivation of
the land, which applies to the former, and has no
parallel in the latter, relation.
"I am not, therefore, prepared to make either of
the above offers ; but I repeat the offer which I have
so often made, and which seems to me better than any
other to realise the hackneyed phrase of the landlord
getting into the same boat with the tenant, viz., that
my present rents should be commuted into rents cal-
culated according to the value of the produce of
land. lam quite aware that there are objections to
this kind of rent ; but, on the whole, I consider
that it is better fitted than any other for times like
these, in which tenants are apprehensive of ruinously
low prices, and have a consequent difficulty in esti-
mating the money-rent which they can afford to pay.
It is said to be difficult to fix the starting point for
such an arrangement. I will, therefore, endeavour
to state more in detail what I would propose ; only
observing that I should be willing to vary it in any
particular, the general principle remaining the same.
" I suppose the case of a given tenant. I take
the year in which he agreed to take his farm at the
actual rent. He did it deliberately, and with his eyes
open, and I assume that it was a fair agreement. I
then calculate, on the average of the seven years pre-
ceding that date, the amount of produce which that
amount of rent represented, and proceed precisely on the
principle of the Tithe Commutation Act ; only that
instead of meaning by produce' corn alone, I take it to
mean corn and live stock ; so that in each year the
rent would he the value in money, according to the
average of the seven years preceding such year, of
as much produce as was worth the first named sum,
according to the average of the seven years preceding
the letting. This calculation may seem complicated,
but I have no doubt it will be readily understood, as
it is only that with which you are well acquainted in
the Tithe Act just referred to.
" Of course there aro many details which would
have to be settled beyond what I have stated. But
I am persuaded that if the principle of such a plan
were heartily agreed upon the arrangement of it
would be attended with no serious difficulty. I will
only observe, what I think will not be denied, that
in this neighbourhood, at least, a plan so con-
structed is in one important respect clearly favourable
to the tenant. Land in this district will always let
at a somewhat higher rate than would be represented
by a general average price of corn and stock Many
of my tenants also deal in valuable commodities
(such as butter), which I have not proposed to in-
clude. But for Abe sake of simplicity and other rea-
sons I am content to take it so.

" I add that such an arrangement should be open
,o all tenants, whether under lease or not ; and that
t should also be open to all of them at any time to
terminate it, and to revert to a fixed money rent at
the then market value of land.

" The real reason why some persons would hesi-
tate to agree to such a plan, is just one of those
which commend it to me, as may be inferred from
what I said in the early part of this letter—that it
tells both ways, instead of only one. Undoubtedly
under it the landlord would have the benefit of a rise
in price, while the tenant is protected against a fall.
But this seems to me quite fair. And at all events
the plan ought to be satisfactory to those who are so
loudly and confidently proclaiming that very low
prices must inevitably now prevail.
" I have very little faith in those positive prognos-
tications ; but neither do I pretend to be positive on
the other side. I admit there is uncertainty ; and I,
therefore, suggest what seems reasonably well fitted
to such a period of uncertainty.
" Into more general topics I shall not now enter.
Leases many of you have—any of you can have, as
you know, on application ; and I have recently pro-
vided, for covenants on my estate, a clause for Com-
pensation for unexhausted improvements to the .
td
e tenant,
naa,
only
as far as the existing law will admit.
in hopes that the law might be made
for the purpose than it is.
" I am, dear Sir, yours truly,
, more effective
effective
LYTTELTON."

Colonel Mason, High Sheriff of Norfolk, and a
stanch Protectionist, has returned the following an-
swer to an application made by his tenantry for a
reduction, of rent, in consequence of the low price of
farming produce :

" Necton-hall, Nov. 25, l 849.
"TO TIIE TENANTS ON MT PROPERTY.

"My good PriendF,—By free trade the Government
of the country has put the landed interest of the
United Kingdom under a different position than that
in which it has been placed.
" It becomes necessary, therefore, for those who
possess landed property, and for those who hire it, to
come to a right adjustment of terms between them,
as the circumstances of the case may require.
"In my own occupation of about 580 acres (of
which 100 acres, as my steward testifies, yield no