The Sun.
London, England, 1850-03-22 00:00:00

FRIDAY EVENING, MARCH 22, 1850

gentleman had been called, who had attended the plaintiff
some time before, and who expressed an opinion that she
was not suffering from the disease, yet, when they heard
that Dr. Joy, and Messrs. Williams, Watson, and Taylor,
all men of eminence, and some of whom had con-
stantly attended upon the plaintiff, were in court,
and were not called as witnesse., he asked them
whether they could entertain any reasonable doubt
of the fact? If this were so, the question for
them to decide was, whether, under such circum-
stances, the defendant was not justified in breaking his
promise. It was evident that his intention was to marry
the plaintiff up to the very last moment; but when he
became aware of the dreadful truth, he did not know
how to act. It was said that he ought to have made a
communication either to the plaintiff or to her friends,
and have stated the reasons which induced him to de-
cline to perforra the promise he had made; but he asked
the jury to place themselves for one moment in his posi-
tion, and see how it was possible he could have done so.
Was it possible for a man to go to the woman whom he
loved, and who was in expectation of being united to
him, and say that their union could not take place be-
cause it was more proier that she !bottle' put on funeral
habiliments than those of rejoicing; and that the time
was fast approaching when she must be placed in the
same tuff where her sisters were reposing? Was is
possible that such a thing could be said? lie was
sure they would ammo with him that it was not;
and the aefendant,atength driven to desperation by his
position, and nolhavieg the fortitude to meet the diffi-
culty in which he was placed, had adopted the only ex-
pedient that remained to him of flying from his friends
and exiling himself from his country. The Learned
Segeant then proceeded to state that it appeared to him
that the plaintiff had been save I from a great deal of
anguish and misery by the course that had been pursued
by the defendant, and that she had been shared the agony
of seeing her offspring go prematurely to the grave, and
upon all the facts he urged upon the jury that she had
not sustained any real damage by the defendant failing
to fulfil his promise. He concluded by stating that, if
they should, in the result, be of opinion that the plaintiff
was entitled to a verdict, he reminded them that there
was no evidence to show that the defendant was in a
condition to enable him to pay excessive damages, and
he trusted they would consider that a very moderate sum
would amply satisfy the justice of the case.
Chief Justice WILDE very briefly summed up ; the
jury retired, and after a short deliberation they gave a
verdict for the plaintiff—Damages 8001.

PARLIAMENTARY DIVISIONS.

(From the Votes and Proceedings of the House of Conan °Juj

THURSDAY, MARCH 21.
TRANSFER OF LANDED PROPERTY.

Motion made, and Question proposed, " That, considering
the complaints which in many parts of the Kingdom have
proceeded from the owners and occupiers of land, and con-
sidering also the benefits which have arisen to all other
classes from recent legislation promoting free trade; it is
expedient now to adopt measures for d'minithing the exist-
ing restrictions on the free transfer of landed property, and
for distributing such property, in cases of intestacy, accord-
ing to the same rules as prevail in respect of personal pro-
perty." The House divided :
MINORITY—AYES, 52.
Alcock, Thomas Headlam, Thomas Romilly, Colonel
Bass, M. T. Heatlicoat, John Baiwey, Colonel
Bouverie, E. P. Henry, Alexander Smith, John B.
Bright, John Heywood, James Stanton, W. H.
Brockman, E. D. lleyworth, L. Thompson, Colonel
Brotherton, J. Kershaw, James Thornely, Thomas
Brown, W. Lacy, 11. C. Tollemache, F. J.
Clifford, H. M. Lushington, Charles Vyse, R. II.:
Colebrooke, Sir T. Meagher, Thomas 'Villiers, Charles
Duncan, George Mangles, R. 1). Wahnsley, Sir J.
Ellis, John Weigand, Viscount Wawn, J. T.
Ewart,,William Mines, It. M. Williams, John
Fergus, John Nugent, Lord Willyams, H.
Gibson, T. M. O'Brien, Sir Timothy Wilson, Matthew
Greene, John Pechell, Sir G.
Hall, Sir B. Piikington, James TELLERS.
Hardeastie, J. A. Pinney, William Hume, Joseph
Harris, Richard Power, Nicholas King, P. J.
Hastie, Alexander ltobartes, T. J. A.

MAJORITY-NOES, 110.
Abdy, SI r Thomas Goddard, A. L. Milner, W. M.
Arbutintott, Hugh Goulbarn, Henry Mostyn, E. M. L.
Armstrong, Sir A. Grace, 0. D. Mulgrave, Earl
Bankes, George Greene Thomas Newry,--Viscount
Baring, Sir F. T. G:ey, R. W. Owen, Sir John
Barnard, E. G. Gwyn, Howel Packe, C. W.
Bellew, K. M. Hamner, Sir John. Paget,:Lord A.
Beresford, William Harris, Captain Paget, Lord,George
Blackall, S. W. liatchell, John Paklngton, Sir J.
Bolden), 11. G. Heneage, G. H. Palmer, Roundel!
Brisco, M. Henley, J. W. Parker, John
Banbury, E. H. Herbert, IL A. Pigott, Francis
Busfeild, W. Hildyard, T. B. T. Plowden, W. 11.
Carew, W. P. Ilobliouse, Sir J. Plumptre, J. P.
Charteris, Francis Hodgson, W.:N. Portal, Melville
Chatterton, Colonel Hogg, Sir J. W. Richards. Richard
Childers, J. W. llornby, John Russell, F. C.

Christopher, H. Hothain, Lord ieynser, H. K.
Coke, E. K. Howard, Lord E. Seymour, Lord
Cole, IL.A. Howard, P. H. Sheridan, H. B.
Coles, 11. B.• Hudson, George Smyth, J. G.

Compton, li. C. Johnstone, Sit J. iimitenrille. Sir W.
Craig, Sir W. G. dolliffe, Sir W. G. Spooner, Richard
Deedes, W. Lew,
C. E. Stanley, B. H.

Denison, J. E. Lennard, T. B. Townshend, Capt.
Divett, E. Lennox, Lord A. Tufnell. 11.

Dodd, G. Lewis, G. C. Tyrell, Sir J.
Duncombe, A. Lindsay, Colonel Vane, Lord H.
Dundas, Sir DaYid Littleton, E. R. Verner, Sir W.
Dunne, Colonel Lockhart; A. E. Vesey, Thomas
Ebrington, Viscount Lockhart, W. Watkins, Colonel
Edwards, H. Lopes, Sir Ralph Willoughby, Sir H.
Elliot, John Lowther, Colonel Wilson, James
Emlyn, Viscount Lygon, General Wood, Sir Charles
Ferrer, James 31ackie, John
Forbes, Wm. Maule, Fox TILLERS.
Fuller, A. E. Maxwell, J. P. 11111, Lord Marcus
Gaskell, J. M. Miles, William Newdegate, C. N.

GORHAMv. THE BISHOP of EXETER.

The subscribers to the enclosed re-solutions present
their compliments to the editor of The Sum, and will be
obliged by his publishing them as soon as possible.
London, March 19.
RESOLUTIONS.
_

1. That whatever at the present time be the force of
the sentence delivered on appeal in the case of" Gorham
v. the Bishop of Exeter," the Church of England will
eventually be bound by the said sentence, unless it shall
openly end expressly reject the erroneous doctrine sanc-
tioned thereby.
2. That the remission of original sin to all infants in,
and by the grace of, baptises is an essential part of the
article, " One baptism for the remission of sins."
3. That—to omit other questions raised by the said
sentence—such sentence, while it does not deny the
liberty of holding that article in the tense heretofore
received, does equally sanction the assertion that original
sin is a bar to the right reception of baptism, and is not
remitted except when God bestows regeneration before-
hand by an act of prevenient grace (whereof Holy Scrip-
ture and the Church are wholly silent), thereby render-
ing the benefits of holy baptism altogether uncertain and
precarious.

4. That to admit the lawfulness of holding an exposi-
tion of an article of the creed contradictory of the essen-
tial meaning of that article is, in truth and in fact, to
abandon that article.

5. That, inasmuch as the faith is one, and rests upon
one principle of authority, the conscious, deliberate, and
wilful abandonment of the essential meaning of an arti-
cle of the creed destroys the divine foundation upon
which alone the entire faith is propounded by the
Church.

6. That any portion of the Church which does so
abandon the essential meaning of an article of the creed
forfeits not only the Catholic doctrine in that article, but
also the office and authority to witness and teach as a
member of the universal Church.

7. That by such conscious, wilful, and deliberate act
such portion of the Church becomes formally separated
from the Catholic body, and can no longer assure to its
members the grace of the sacraments and the remission
of sins.

8. That all measures consistent with the present legal
position of the Church ought to be taken without delay
to obtain an authoritative declaration by the Church of
the doctrine of holy baptism impugned by the recent
sentence; as, for instance, by praying license for the
Church in Convocation to declare that doctrine, or by
obtaining au Act of Parliament to give legal effect to
the decisions of the collective Episcopate on this and all
other matters purely spiritual.
9. That, failing such measures, all efforts must be
made to obtain from the said Episcopate, acting only its
spiritual character, a re-affirmation of the doctrine of
holy baptism impugned by the said sentence.
H. E. MANNING, M.A., Archdeacon of Chi-
chester.
ROBERT J. WILBERFORCE, M.A , Archdeacon
of the East Riding.
THOMAS THORP, 8.D., Archdeacon of Bristol.
W. H. MILL, D.D., Regius Professor of Hebrew,
Cambridge.
E. B. PUSEY, D.D., Regius Professor of He-
brew, Oxford.
JOHN KEBLE, M.A., Vicar of Huraley.
W. DODSWORTII, M.A., Perpetual Curate of
Christ Church, St. Pancras.
WILLIAM J. E. BENNETT, M.A., Perpetual
Curate of St. Paul's, Knightsbridge.
HENRY WILLIAM WILBERFORCE, M.A., Vicar
of East Farleigh.
RICHARD CAVENDISH, M.A.
EDWARD BADELEY, M.A., Barrister-at-Law.
JAMES R. flora:, D.C.L., Barrister-at-Law.

The Bishop of Exeter has returned the following an-
swer to an address presented to him by a large numbsr
of the most influential clergymen and laymen in the dio-
cese of London:—.. _ _

dear Dr. Spry,—The address which you and
other eminent clergymen and laymen of the Church
have had the goodness to present to me fills me with
feelings of a very mixed character. I cannot but be
supported and strengthened by the sympathy of such
men, but I am far more humbled by the terms of eulogy
in which that sympathy is expressed. May He who is
sight to the blind, and strength to the weakest, grant to
me, and to all that we may, in this our day of trial, act
with faithfulness, with firmness, with singleness of heart,
seeking only to serve Him, and to guard the sacred de-
posit of truth which he has entrusted to us!
It seems but too likely that we are as yet only in
the commencement of the fight of faith appointed to us.
Let us strive, by prayer, and in humble reliance on the
grace of GO, to attain to a right judgment in all things
connected with cur several duties in all that may befall
us. Let us be sober, vigilant, and more especially let us
use our utmost endeavours to stay the impetuous spirit
of those who may be tempted in this new need to de-
sert the Church in which they were in baptism made
members of Christ, and in which that Holy Spirit of
whom we were then born still dv. ells, and we cannot
doubt will continue to dwell so long as that Church shall
not by some act of her own, which, thanks be to God,
bath not yet happened, only a torpid indifference more
fatal and more hopeless than any air, accept the unhal-
lots cd judgment of men, be they who they may, in con-
tradiction to God's truth, and so cut herself off from
that Holy Catholic and Apostolic Church, of which she
is still a pure and sound, hobs ever wounded, member.
" In conclusion, accept my h( arty congratulation on
the Christian firmness of your own bishop.
" I am, my dear Dr. Spry, with the warmest thankful-
' 11659 to yourself and to the churchmen who have acted

w:th you on this cccasion, your and their ft:ithfui a:id
affectionate brcther in Christ,
"Th© Rev. Dr. Spry."

" H. EXETER.

WHOLESALE FISHMARKETS, AND A
BATH FOR BILLINGSGATE AGAIN.

TO THE _EDITOR OF THE SUN.
Sut,—lt may perhaps be necessary to employ
some philosophy, reason, logic, and patience, to in-
quire into, to examine, and arrange a machine that
will point out the easiest, the most direct, and most
unobstructed method for improving all fisheries and
fishmarketing systems ; whatever trouble, however,
may be required, all will agree that it is a subject
that claims public consideration.
As a means of assisting the promotion of fishery
improvements throughout Great Britain, it has
been suggested in The Sun that were there whole-
sale fishmarkets established at all large cities
and towns, with factors and salesmen transacting
their duties according to the spirit of their
calling; standing in a position betwixt the fishermen
and the public to see that justice is done to both parties ;
selling the fish for the highest price bid, that the fisher-
men might be advantaged; and seeing that the fish are
in prime condition before disposing of them to the
public. The factors and salesmen being paid by
commission, upon the amount received from quantity
and quality disposed of, have a direct interest in
looking into fishery improvements, and stimulating
fishermen to industrial pursuits.
The longer I think over a wholesale fishmarketing
system, particularly if the regulations are to be
abided by as they once were at Billingsgate :—"That
all fish brought to the city must be taken to Billings-
gate market and sold by wholesale to retail dealers,
and that the market must be clean-scrubbed and
washed out every day at one I.M."—the more I
am satisfied that the wholesale marketing system adds
to the value and respectability of the trade.
Fish in its uncured state is an article of food that soon
perishes. Arriving in market early in the morning,
the sooner it is all disposed of by wholesale, the sooner
retail dealers have it in their power to supply their cus-
tomers with the fish in an entirely fresh state; and for
this reason I believe the regulation was framed, " that
the market must be clean scrubbed and washed out
every day at one P.M."

into the highest state of rebellion if a rotten borough
existed amongst them ; and yet it was under such a
system that England reached her highest pinnacle of
glory ; and without meaning any disrespect to them,
whose duty it is to mend or make the constitutions
for the present age, I cannot do otherwise here than
remind the Canadians cf the lines of Pope—
" For forms of government let fools contest,
That which is best administered is beat."
Let the Canadians pause, then, before they attempt
to throw themselves out of the arms of a kind parent,
thinking to better themselves by annexation to the
United States. " Sure enough, America is a great,
and in many respects, a blessed and hopeful pheno-
menon, but as a model republic, or a model anything,
the wise among themselves know too well that there
is nothing to be said. Cease to brag of America and
its model institutions and constitutions."
Canadians,—Many men are at work in this country
to assist you, but your dissensions and your annexa-
tion question alarm the capitalists of this country,
and enable other colonies to get the start of you;
wherehs, placed as you are, within a few days' sail of
England, the development of the immense resources
of your country would be certain if you would only be
united to assist in that measure; by a contrary pro-
c, e3ing you arm your encodes, and the enemies of
England, with weapons they know well how to use.
But I trust now, Sir, conclude for the present, as I
find that I have already trespassed too largely on
your time and space. _

I Am, Sir, &c.,
ROBERT CARAHCHAEL SMYTEI.,
15, Charles street, Haymarket,
March 15, 1850.

When large quantities of fish arrive at a market
where there is no restriction as regards time for sales
(or if there be restrictions, but they are not attended
to), the fishermen and salesmen stickling about prices,
anxious of course to keep them up as long as possible,
allow time to pass ; all that while, the dead fish are
not improving in quality, and as I have oftentimes
before stated, "stale fish are dear as a gift." The
problem to be solved, will be found simply to resolve
itself into these few words :—" Ought the fishermen
be allowed to dispose of their own catchings ? or
ought that duty be left to men independent of the
trade, beyond the commission they receive for sales
effected, and who have a name to uphold for probity
and equity ?"
The plan suggested in a former letter for the erec-
tion of a bath at Billingsgate, I have been happy to
find is much approved of. It is supposed, were baths
erected in the neighbourhood of Billingsgate, not only
the fishermen and hawkers would be accommodated
thereby, but many of the sailors from colliers, coal-
heavers and bargemen would avail themselves of a
wash at Billingsgate Baths.
I have been told latterly that the model bath-
house for the working classes at Goulston-square,
which contains 94 baths, is so well attended during
summer, that although the price for the first class is
only sixpence for a warm and threepence fur a cold
bath, and for the second class, twopence for a warm
and a penny for a cold one, they have actually col-
lected nineteen pounds sterling on a summer day.
From this it may be supposed that a bath at Bil-
lingsgate would ultimately pay for its erection.
I am, Sir, &c.,
H. DEMPSTER.

THE CANADA QUESTION.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
Six,—ln the letter you were kind enough to in-
sert in your paper, on the 11th March, headed as
above, several errors were made, arising, no doubt,
from my hurried way of writing and careless way
of correcting the manuscript. I shall endeavour,
therefore, on this occasion, to be more particular.
With your permission, I will now continue my
remarks upon tie " Montreal Annexation Circular,"
for we ought to kill and not merely scotch so fatal an
enemy to the progress of Canada, and to the security
of the empire.
This annexation document complains of Canada
Railway Stock being at a " depreciation of 50 to 80
per cent." Alas ! have we no complaints from rail-
way shareholders in England ? Are there no com•
plaints in France or elsewhere ?—and is it not just
possible that the fault may have been with the
speculators in Canada themselves, and not with the
people of England, that these colonial railways are
at a depreciated value ? May it not have been a
mistake to have attempted a railway from Montreal
to Portland—an American port, be it remembered,
and not one with the best approach, in the western
world ?
It is the opinion of many men, no doubt with
all due submission to that of Mr. Arthur Wel-
lington Hart, that the whole of the available
capital, and all the energies of the people of
the North American provinces, should have been
brought to bear, in the first instance, upon the Mon-
treal, Quebec, and Halifax line of railway, Mr. Hart
is pleased to call the Quebec and Halifax Railway a
visionary scheme of Lord Grey. Unfortunately for
Lord Grey he does not, in this instance, deserve the
blame of Mr. Hart, for " the establishment of a steam-
packet communication between Halifax and England
was strongly advocated by the Governor-General
(Lord Durham) ; and also the formation of a rail-
road from Halifax to Quebec." Had Lord Grey,
upon his own responsibility (strengthened as he was
by Lord Durham's well-known opinion), and upon
the receipt of Major Henderson's very favour-
able report on the Quebec and Halifax proposed
railway, boldly encouraged that undertaking,
he could well have afforded to have borne all the blame
that could have been attached to him for such a mea-
sure. A railway to Montreal would soon have fol-
lowed, and Canada would thus have had an outlet
from her capital to the ocean at all times of the
year. The great terminus for all the North Ameri-
can continental railways will, there can be no manner
of doubt, be at the port nearest Europe that can be ap-
proached at all seasons. It will be the great object of the
American people both of the United States and of the
North American provinces, to make the ocean passage
as short as possible, and the people of Canada may
depend upon it that any general plan of railways
must always have in view the shortest possible sea
voyage. Halifax appears to be the port to which they
will all bend their course, at all events it will, for
many reasons, certainly not be Portland, and this
railway, therefore, as a general North American or
imperial project, must fail.
Most sincerely, however, do I hope that the specu-
lation of the Montreal and Portland Rail way may answer
the original expectations of those who engaged in it,
and I have no doubt that it will ultimately do so,
particularly if Mr. Hart's suggestions regarding the
eastern townships are carried into effect, for the funds
arising from the sale of the lands, if properly ma-
naged, will become highly valuable. (Here follow
some remarks showing the importance and value of
the eastern townships.)
Well indeed, Sir, may Lord Durham have said,
" I see no reason for doubting that by good govern-
ment and the adoption of a sound system of coloniza-
tion the British possessions in North America may
be made the means of conferring on the suffering
classes of the mother country many of the blessings
which have hitherto been supposed to be peculiar to
the social state of the new world," and well indeed
might Charles Buller urge upon Government the de-
velopment of such resources.
To continue my remarks on the " Annex-
ation Circular," which further complains that
" the Provincial Government is cumbrous and
expensive." This I am not prepared to deny,
but it does not follow, I think, as a matter
of course, that annexation to the United States would
remedy any such evils. Few people have not in former
times made this complaint, and certainly there are
hardly any in the present time who do not find fault
with the form and expense of their various Govern-
ments, and I would ask the people of Canada whether
they consider those of the United States as perfectly
satisfied ? Is there no native party ; no anti-slave
party ? At all events " their constitution, such as
it may be, was made here, not there;" and even
here since these days Englishmen have thought
that they could improve the noble fabric of their far
famed glorious Constitution. The immortal Junius
told the people that he questioned "the power de
jure of the Legislature to disfranchise a number of
boroughs, upon the general ground of improving the
Constitution," and when such a proceeding was in
later days contemplated, the Duke of Wellington de-
clared that "if he were to invent a constitution for
Parliament over again, he would not say that he
would adopt the same as it now existed, because
the invention of man could not accomplish
it." In spite, however, of the opinion of Junius,
away went the rotten boroughs, and, in spite of the
opinion of the Duke of Wellington, on came the
change, at the bidding of the Genius of R4orm,
whether for good or for evil, has yet to be proved ;
but surely the people of Canada, or those of any of
the British colonies, cannot for an instant suppose
that Great Britain would wish for a moment to with-
hold from them any of those rights or privileges, to
enjoy which she herself has made so many sacri-
fices ; let the Canadians, however, :beware of that
fatal malady, a restless spirit of innovation. Have
they as yet had sufficient experience of the form of
government they now enjoy to be able to say exactly
what change will be of "advantage to them. Would
they not, let me ask, be thrown at the present time