The Sun.
London, England, 1844-08-24 00:00:00

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gentleman residing in Lambeth. Mr. Traill, after se-
verely commenting on the defendant's conduct, inflicted
the full penalty of 5/.
John Carpenter, ostler at the Boileau Arms, Barnes,
Was brought up on a warrant, before Mr. Clive, atWands-
worth, charged with a most outrageous assault upon Mr.
John Swaim!, the landlord of that inn. He was com-
mitted for a month in default of paying a fine of 40s.

CIOTIET-FALSIXX 0 bi'11.233613.
The Court is still in mourning for the late Reigning
Duke of Saxe Coburg and Gotha, and it is not expected
to expire until a twervemonth from the date of his High-
ness's demise.
Viscount Castlereagh is spending the grouse shooting
Season with Sir Benjamin Hall, on his moors in Aber-
deenshire. The Noble Lord and the Hon. Barone t
bagged above six hundred brace of grouse, besides hares,
dunng the first four days.
~ Lady Brougham has arrived at the Clarendon Hotel,
•Learnington Spa, for the benefit of her health. It is ex-
pected that Lord Brougham will also arrive at Leaming-
ton within the course of a few days.
The Marquis and Marchioness of Westminster are ex-
pected to remain at Muor Park until the end of the
month, and then return to Eaton Hall for the winter.
Lordship is in improved health, and almost daily
.!'i.ows the numerous cricket matches which take place by
Ms Lordship's permission in the park.
The Duchess of Cleveland has left town for Raby
Castle. Her Grace is, we regret to learn, suffering from
slight indisposition.
The Earl and Countess of Warwick are making a tour
in Scotland, and will shortly join Lord Brooke at his
shooting quarters in the Highlands.
The Earl and Countess of Hillsborough are at present
upon a visit to Viscount and Viscountess Combermere,
at Combermere Abbey.
Viscount Lewisham, eldest son of the Earl of Dart-
Mouth, whose coming of age was celebrated last week
at Castle Bromwich, has left England on a continental
tour, and will remain abroad, it is said, until next spring.
Mr. Emerson Tennent, M.P., and family left London
aa Thursday the 22d, for Athens and Egypt.
The Earl of Stradbroke has been paying a visit to his
4ixtensive estates in Waterford since the close of the ses-
sion of Parliament. His Lordship will entertain a select
Party iu the ensuing month with the sport of partridge
shooting, at Henham Hall, Suffolk.
Lord and Lady Seymour and family intend to paws
the autumn and winter on the continent. They proceed
to Paris at the end of the next month.

His Grace the Duke (;iiGliinitoiOn Friday honoured
141. B. Barnett, picture-dealer, of 84, Quadrant, with a
Ynnt, to inspect his extensive collection of pictures by the
old masters.

On Thursdaybtiscmi,LeNrnotts.
night, about eleven o'clock, considerable
alarm was created in London-street, Ratcliff, in conse-
quence of a fire, by which an old lady, 72 years of age,
was burnt to death, taking place in the prenaises belong.
upcortuer, of
inagf to
Mr. William Argent, wholesale hearth-rug ma-
No. 16, in that street.
attractnveral days past thousands of persons have been
rasp `-`4 to the river frontage of the Tower to inspect a
brill'nBter" gun, which was taken during one of the
Some Wit victories in India in 1841.
diabolical fellow put a quantity of arsenic into
the baker's well, at Castleton, Isle of Man, a few days
LP. A. reward of 1001. has been offered by the Lieu-
neat-Governor for the discovery of the person who
committed the infernal act.
...Yesterday, at a wardmote holden in the ward of
Allersgate, after a severe contest between Mr. Sherwood
re
Mr. Smith (two very respectable inhabitants) for
office of common councilman, the former was de-
clared to be the successful candidate.
In the past week, the arrivals in the port of Liver-
tool of guano are estimated to be of the value of at least
45,000/.
His Grace the Duke of Wellington yesterday honoured
„r
'F. Barnett, picture dealer, of the Quadrant, with a
visit to inspect his extensive collection of pictures by the
old masters.
~Glierrier, Due de Christophe, the new black general of
'lll3li, is perfectly unique in his appearance ; he is one
1,2,, the poor planters of the country, dresses in coarse
usnaburg jacket and pants, with an old straw hat, and
neither stockings or shoes ; buckles his spurs to his
:naked
1 heels, carrying, when mounted, a large blunder-
buss, large large enough for a two-pound ball, and a belt full
St
tistols. His chiefs are habited mostly after the same
yle., throwing aside with disdain the usual military dress
and badges.
ReThe rector of Kilrush is vacant by the death of the
ileory Vhitty, after a few days' illness of fever,
contracted in the discharge of his ministerial duties.
Miss Cassen, of Limerick, whose abduction we lately
reported, has been restored to her friends. She was
trlic„ed by a constable to a hotel at Gort, where she her-
le" had taken occasion to reveal the facts to the inn-
-IPer. The abductor has absconded.
Itn„n consequence, of the continued indisposition of the
3n,"""lutts of Sligo, Lieutenant of Mayo, the Earl of Alta-
please ults been appointed Vice-Lieutenant, until it shall
Providence to restore his noble (parent to his
former health.

RAILWAY RETURNS.
We extract from the Railway Record the sums
Ireeeivea
the ~,l," the principal Railways of Great Britain for
'eachlv. - -7-mending on the day of the month prefixed to
passenEe;"e return includes the money received for
eh A.- s, Parcels, carriages, horses, mails, and mer-
-...„anutse:
Week
Aug.nded Name of Railway. Total.
d
£. s. .
' 17 Arbroath and Forfar 179 1 8
16 Birmingham and Gloucester 3,107 15 7
17 Brandling Junction 1,242 3 4
17 Bristol and Gloucester
16 Chester and Birkenhead 613 8 9
15 Dublin and Drogheda. 743 14 6
20 Dublin and Kingstown 1,325 0 11
18 Dundee and Arbroath 375 9 1
17 Durham and Sunderland 586 1 2
17 Edinburgh and Glasgow 2,739 8 9
18 Eastern Counties and North Eastern 4,378 15 3
17 Glasgow, Kilmarnock, and Ayr 1,689 4 10
17 Glasgow and Greenock 1,127 15 0
17 Grand Junction 10,223 11 1
17 Great North of England 1,978 15 0
18 Great Western
16 Liverpool and Manchester
17 London and Birmingham
18 London and Blackwall 1,263 10 1
„17 London and Brighton
-In London and Croydon
-,. London and Greenwich 907 19 0
'n London and South Western .......
15 Manchester, Bolton and Bury 922 4 8
17 Manchester and Birmingham 3,531 15 3
17 Manchester, Leeds, and Hull Assoc. 8,705 4 0
17 Midland Counties
17 Newcastle and Darlington 914 4 0
17 Newcastle and Carlisle 2,157 7 5
18 Newcastle and North Shields 427 3 4
16 North Union and Bolton and Preston 1,835 13 11
19 Paris, Corbeil, and Orleans
19 Paris and Rouen 6,235 0 0
17 Preston and Wyre 653 7 6
17 Sheffield and Manchester Bl4 5 10
."2 South Eastern
17 Taff Vale
18 Ulster 532 4 7
18 Yarmouth and Norwich ... ........... ... 366 17 6
17 York and North Midland

NAVAL STEAM HAMMER, &c.

those of Russia and the United States, have introduced
it, and in those countries it is making the most rapid
progress.
At present Mr. Nasmytl,'s steam hammer is in use at
the Low Moor Iron Company's works, Bradford ; at the
works of Messrs. Rushton and Eccersby, and Messrs. B.
Hick End Co., Bolton ; Messrs. Haw kes, Crawshay, and
Co., Newcastle-upon-Tyne ; Messrs. Penn and Co.,
Greenwich ; as well as in twenty other establishments
in Europe and America, and doubtless ere long it will
be exerting its energetic and docile power in every im-
portant establishment in the world.

er
of
ok
iti

There has lately been introduced into the naval ser.
"lee as invention of first-rate importance in this era o
'team machinery, brought under the notice of the Go
verntnent by Captain Burgman, R.E., director of works
;t Devonport Dockyard, who became acquainted with its
on an official tour last year to the machine-manu-
teturing districts. It is that of an immense steam
hammer, which has been fitted in a building prepared
x
it in Devonport dockyard, and commenced its opera-
day or two since in the presence of the Port
'lra!, Sir David, and Lady Milne ; the Admiral
superintendent, Sir S. Pym, and several ladies ; Captain
uronan, RE., the store-keeper, store-receiver, the
nuister shipwright, and many other officers of the dock-
Plll, who did not hesitate to unite in one opinion of its
advantage in every respect for which it is adapted, and
iv,.. 40 were highly delighted with the novelty of the mov-
g parts of its machinery.
Of late years, such has been the vast increase in the
%it
and magnitude of steam machinery, that the
.440
st powerful forge hammers, some of eight tons
„_Weight, and put into motion by engines of 50-horse
power and upwards, were found inadequate to the exe-
eu, tien, with due solidity, of the enormous cranks, pad-
dle-wheel shafts, &c., required for engines of such in-
creased size. The very limits of the capabilities of the
!Mist enormous forge hammers had been reached, and
but for the introduction of the above entire novel system
rhammering wch we are about to escribe, w must
e paused in thihe magnificent course of extension of
'ine steam machinery, by reason of our insufficient
nlk'lLus of forging the vast masses of wrought iron neces-
intr for their construction.
the year 1839 the subject of steam hammers drew
the attenton of Mr. James Nasmyth, engineer, of Man-
chester—the inadequacy of the then-existing apparatus
4:,l
• ken) pace wl`.th the extensive machinery daily pro-
tectert induced the consideration, when that gentleman
fl,the most simple 50t1 direct application of the elastic
—ce of steam produced a forge hammer of such vast
I'Mver and docility, that by means of the same apparatus
4e paddle-shaft for engines of 1,000-horse power, or a
eo nlteon nail, may be forged with a degree of rapidity,
rre, and perfection, as to leave the efforts of all other
le hammers far in the distance.
The arrangement of the apparatus by which such im-
portant results are obtained, simply consists in placing
an inverted cylinder, whose piston-rod comes out through
the bottom, and is at once attached to a large block of
cast iron, which slides between two upright guides. This
block is the hammer, and its rising and falling motion is
"4,s.?flee obtained by the alternate admission and escape
nigh-pressure steam under the piston, the admission
said escape of the steam being caused by the up and
ewn motion of the hammer. Thus, by a simple cylin-
der, piston-rod, and block of iron, we have the most
Powerful steam forge hammer; and as the force of the
blow can be varied at will, by regulating the quantity of
tteram admitted under the piston, the blows may be al-
tered
in an instant from the most tremendous " smash"
the gentlest "tap." Hence we have obtained a com-
pletecommand over power in tie form of percussion
liirtr!, and a new era in the working of wrought iron
ndneed which will in due time produce the most '
line. Portant results in extending the application of this
iC estimable
.material.
eprinciple of Mr. Nasmyth's patent direct action
steam
.‘xatumer is confined by no limitation. A forge
hammer Of 20 tons weight, with a clear fall of 10 feet, is
Its attainable, and as easy to manage as the smallest he
hasa constructed, which vary in size and power from one
"I:, striking 220 blows per minute, to those of five tons.
x'ew inventions have made more rapid progress in the
ini?2,e period than this, the merits of which are so self-
evidentrogreia as to be at once appreciated by practical men.
Governments, among whom we may mention

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, AUGUST 24, 1844.