The Sun.
London, England, 1850-05-27 00:00:00

ITALY.

The King -and Royal Family of Sardinia set out
for Savoy on the 20th, from their villa of Moncalieri.
On entering that province, the King issued the fol-
lowing proclamation :
"Inhabitants at Savoy!—ln coming among yon, I
realise one cf the fondest wishes of my heart. There
exists between us an ancient covenant, sealed by
eight c.:nturies of honour, loyalty, and reciprocal love.
Neither tune, nor revolutions, nor disasters have
been powerful enough to shake it. We have a right
to be proud of it, and I must declare to you it
does ni,tke m,4 proud and happy. As a witness of the
brilliant valour of our soldiers on the battle fields of
Tvlonzimbano Pastreego, tit. Justire, St. Lucia, and
,

Volta,l have renewed this covenant under the fire o:

the enemy, with your children, my brethern in arms.
now come to renew it with their ftthers, with you,
who, menaced in your very homes by a seweless at-
tack, at a moment when the call of honour had
deprived you of defence, made the aggressor pay
dearly for his foolish pr2sumption. Inhabitants of Sa-
voy 4 I bring you my son, that he may learn from such
noble examples, and that he may be early aware that
the devotedutos of the people i 3 the reward of the juatic,.!
and loyalty of -kings. Penetrated as I myself am with
this great truth, I shall listen to your applications, and
examine your wantr, with the desire that the interest of
the state may oppose no obstacle to the accomplish-
ment of your wishes. When I shall again leave this
ancient cradle of my family, to return to my royal
dutwa, I shall carry with me the certainty that I can rely
upon you; as for you, you may rely upon me. Our in-
. atituti‘.e.s, our independence, our rights protected by the
faith of my oath, as well as by the wisdom and valour
of my peoples. are :,afo from all danger. Let us by our
virtue, our devotedness to the religion of our lathers,
and our love fur our country, deserve the highest, the
most powerful of protections, that of .Divine Providence.
" VICTOR EM MANUEL."
Letters from Turin of the 22d inst. state that the
Chamber of Deputies was still engaged in discussing
the estimates of the Foreign Department, all the re-
ductions in which had hitherto been rejected. The
PiedmonteBe Gazette announces that the Governor of
the island hod given t brilliant entertainment to Aly
Bey, captsin of the Turkish frigate that conveyed to
Sardinis the Italian refugees, who escaped from Hun-
gary into Turkey.
The Concordia of the 22i contains the following,
under the head Venice
" Public; attention is entirely directed towards France
and the mi.:ha:dog pciwde of Russia. Everybody is
anxious to see that agitation which now pervades Eu-
rope promptly al-pi:wed, and we have just heard it re-
Pogttd that an urt-anw,nant h:is been concluded which
would satisfy the Legiimist, Orlianist, end Bonapartist
psi-tits. According :o that rumour the Duke of Bor-
deaux is t., bec:ne of the Count de Psiis
will oacci,ed hiw, and Lo vii Napoleon Bonaparte is to
be appokred Grand Ma-,1:al of tile Kingdom!"
The. Risorgimento of the 221 inst.- anneuncf,s,
under date Piorence the 18th, that the Nazionale,
tvi.,ich had been su?pended at the requeA of the
NePrilitan Government for libelling the King of
IV'tfAe3! was -1 to its
resume publication on
the 17th.
IMPE
RIAL PARLIME.NT
(THIS EVENIA G.)

HO
U S-E OF LORDS.
Their Lordsf.ips met at Five o'cl,ck.
Lord. C,‘MpBELL prPsented a pe' Woe from the tn...
dical men of File, praying fur better acummod.tion fur
the surgeons
in the navy ; als, a4alust. priaoliers being
called on t.) plead guilt ,nor,guilty,
The Earl of EGLINTOg presented a petitio
against the Removal o' Districts (Sc kt.ll -
BIRTH OF A PRINCE. .
The Ma;quiS
of WES MINSTER announced that
the address of congratu'ajon to her M-j-sty on ttie birth
of a Prince had b,en preseered to her Ala)esty, and th't
she had been graciously pleased to receive the
and that she had c.mdescend ed "to return the
loyal and
and affemionate
address with much flutist-120p
: My Lords
following most gracious
"
I have received your. nl.
o:.httio/hint you
of
I thank you most co,
& ally for your congratulations on the
Prince, and fur the assurancetheintbeirrethst
take in my domestic happiness.
On the motion of Lord CAMPBELL, the gracious
answer of her Majesty was ordered to be entered on the
journals of the House.
ARREARS OF APPEALS IN CHANCERY.
Lord BROUGHAM took the opportunity of deny-
ing the statement which had been aide, that in conse-
quence of the illness of the Lord Chancellor there had
been an arrear in the appeals of that House. Vim ap-
peals in arrear in that House were, he contended, none.
The same could not be said with regard to appeals in
the Court of Chancery, but they were much less than they
were on the 22d Nov., 1830, when he (Lord Brougham)
took the seals, and that would be proved by the r, turns
of appf•als for which he moved. He deeply regretted
that his Noble and Learned Friend would not be soon able
to resume the public performance of his duty. He be-
lieved that some temporary arrangeny.ntwouid be rettqe,,
sod he hoped this opportunity would be taken of the
forced absence of this most able, upright, and learned,
judge, to make a permanent arrangement for the exe-
cution of the functions of this the highest judicial Officer
of the country.
•
The motion for returns were agreed to. •
ECCLESIASTICAL APPEALS BILL.-
The Bishop of LONDON moved that the second read.
lag of _the Appeals to the Privy Council for the &vie_
imactidAl'Sotirts (in matters of doctrine) Bill, be post-
, •,4clited to Xpoday next.—Agreed to. •
'AGRICULTURAL DISTRESS.
The Ativilia of SALISBURY in pursuance of the

-r,
e-

notice which he had given, presented several petitions
complaining of agricultural distress, and praying for a
return to a system of protection. He wished to ask
the Noble Earl opposite how long he would consider
it before the present system had .had a fair trial?
Earl GREY was not aware that the law of 1846 con-
tained any clause limiting the time during which it was
to be continued in operation, and he was not aware of
any intention to introduce any measure for repealing or
altering it.—(Hear, hear.)
The Earl of MALMESBURY rose and was
(LEFT !WEANING.)

HOUSE OF COMMONS.
The SPEAKER took the chair at Four o'clock.
MESSAGE FROM HER MAJESTY.

Mr. LASCELLES, Comptroller of her Majesty's
Household, appeared at the bar of the House, and an-
nounced that Ile had presented the humble address of
the Commons, congratulating her Majesty upon the
birth of a Prince, to which her Majesty had been
pleased to return a most gracious answer, thanking her
faithful Common!, and acknowledging their congratu•
lations.
VESTRY-CLERKS' BILL

The Sheriffs of London appeared at the bar of the House
to present a petition from the Lord Mayor, Aldermen,
and Common Council, against the Vestry Clerks' Bill.
CHESTER AND HOLYHEAD RAILWAY BILL.
On the motion for the third reading of this Bill,
Mr. 0. GORE proposed the insertion of two new
clauses, which he contended were absolutely necessary
for the advantage of the whole tract of country through
which the line passed. Without these clauses the
traffic would be stopped at Chester. The Hon. Gentle-
man characterised the conduct of the London and North-
Western Company in this matter as most unfair and un-
just. There were two points to be considered—the
traffic in goods and the traffic in passengers; and in both
of these departments the public would suffer, unless these
clauses were inserted.
Mr. C. GLYN defended the conduct of the London
and North-Western Railway Company. That company
never' had appeared in the least degree as supporters of
that Bill, and for his part, if he were to speak only as
the representative of the London and North-Western
Railway Company, he should say that he would wish
that the Bill bad never been introduced. He
believed that this Bill had been promoted solely
by the Chester 'and Holyhead Railway Company,
who, 'Unless they received some aid from Govern-
ment, could never carry out their great object.
He hoped a principle would not be introduced into the
Chester and Holyhead Bill which had, in point of fact,
been already rejected by the House on several former
occasions.
Mr. SLANEY said the question laid within a very
small compass. The Committee, he was informed, had
agreed to insert the clause, but it had been left out by
accident, and all the parties wished him to reinstate the
clause. He had no doubt that by some modification
of the clause the views of both parties might be met.
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL thought it would only
be justice to the promoters to insert the clause, as the
Committee, after a discussion of 'several days, had
unanimously agreed to it, and as the Hon. Member had
stated it had been omitted entirely by accident.' It was
of the utmost importance that the Chester and Holy-
head Railway, which forthed the most direct communi-
cation with Ireland, should be freely used by all parties.
Mr. MANGLES said the Committee had, in fact,
contravened the decision of two other Committees on
the general question, as well as the Railway Clauses
Consolidation Act. This clause would. compel the
Chester and Holyhead Railway Company to stop every
train at a station only two miles out of Chester, and
there could be no doubt whatever that if it were carried
it yvould prove seriously inconvenient to the public.
Mr. GLADSTONE said the qUestion involved in this
clause was one of great difficulty. It proposed to give
the Railway Commissioners power to regulate the traffic
of these two railway companies, but he warned the
House against applying a principle to an
_individual case
which, it sound, ought to be extended to all railways.
Mr. SHEIL supported the clause, belieiing that it
was for the interest of Ireland that the wrong which the
clause contemplated should be averted.
After a few remarks from Mr. Villiers, Lord Robert
Grosvenor, Mr. Charteris, Captain Duncombe, and Mr.
E. B. Roche,
Mr. TATTON EGERTON thought that the point
to be considered was the benefit of the public, and it
certainly would not be fur the interest of the public to
allow great companies to crush small ones.
Mr. CAVENDISH would recommend a compromise.
that the Chester and Holyhead Railway Company should
give up their leasing powers, and that the House should
accede to the clause.
Mr. JACKSON said if the House passed the Bill with
the clause in it, it would be impossible for the company
to carry on their line, as they had not at the presen
moment a single carriage or locomotive ready.
The House then divided, when there appeared—
For the insertion of the clause ... 118
Against it ... - 137
Majority ...
The clause was consequently lost.
Mr. J. WILLIAMS proposed the insertion of another
clause, and after a short discussion the gallery was
cleared, but no division took place, the clause having been
negatived without a division.

•••-19

HEADLAM proposed the insertion of an amend-
ment with the view of retaining the priority already
possessed by the present preference shareholders of the
Chester and Holyhead Company, instead of giving it to
the London and North Western Company.
After some discussion, the gallery was cleared for a
division, but none took place, Mr. Headlam having
withdrawn his amendment.
The following Bills, as amended, were then consi-
dered:—
Birkenhead Dock Trustees.

Bradford Improvement, Police, and Purchase and Closing
of Bradford Canal.
Railway Companies Clearing Association.
Victoria (Loudon) Dock.

RIVER LEA TRUST BILL.
On the motion that this Bill be read a second time,
Mr. MOWATT moved that the Bill be•read a second
time this day six months. He contended that it would
be extremely unfair if the House, after it had rejected a
batch of similar Bills the other day, on the plea of wait-
ing for a report, should place this company in a more
advantageous position than the other companies, who
had a similar object in view.
Major BERESFORD supported the Bill. He con-
tended that it was not a Bill fur supplying the metro.
polis with water, but for the improvement of 'the river
navigation.
Mr. MOWATT said if the supporter of the Bill
would abandon the 30th clause, which related to the
supply or water, he would withdraw his opposition.
Mr. COWPER denied that this Bill was a water Bill,
it was simply a navigation Bill.
Sir W. MOLES WORTH supported the Bill.
Mr. BRIGHT said the Bill came before the House
under false pretences, because it was not in reality to
improve the navigation of the river, but to enable the
trustees to sell thq water of the river to certain metro-
politan waterworks companies. He should support the
amendment i f the Hon. Member.
Sir JAMES DUKE supported the Bill, thinking that
if passed, it would tend to the improvement of the river
navigation.

No division however took place, and the Bill was
read a second time and ordered to be committed.
BOARD OF TRADE.
Mr. DISRAELI said that it bad been his in-
tntion in 'Supply to night to call the attention of the
House to the constitution of the Board of Trade; but in
oonvsquence of an event that they must all deplore.
which caused the absence of the President of the Board of
Trade, he must beeline doing so, and he trusted therefore
th',t the Government would not proceed to-night with
the v t upon which he in:ended to found his motion.
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said
that, under the distressing circumstances that had taken
the Government would not proceed with that vote
to-nigh t.

(LEFT SITTING.)

THE LORI) CHANCELLOR.

After a prolonged contest with an enfeebling disease
and increasing yews, Lord Cottenham, it is positively
stated, is about to follow the example of Lord Den-
man, and resign an office the high responsibilities of
which he can no longer discharge. The resignation
of a judge is a rare event, and. the resignation of a
Lord Chancellor is a very great event, for, in nine
cases out of ten, a political reverse anticipates both
death and decay. The disease most fatal to a Lord
Chancellor is an adverse majority in the Commons;
and the same calamity that suddenly extinguishes the
highest officer of the State in the full vigour of his
faculties, and in the very midst cf his duties, invari-
ably finds another man ready for the place, and in a
condition to demand it from the chief of his party.
Hence there is no opportunity or interval for any
other purpose than to fill up the vacancy. The case
is now altogether different. Lord Cottenham has
graduslly found himself unequal to the overpowering
resepnonsibilities of his office, and although there are
men not unworthy to succeed him, there is neither
P
so remarkable a re-eminence of talent ner so deep a
politih
cat obligationae
lo
to any one Man as to compel a
certain choice.
An oppov unity, therefore, presents
itself
which been wished for in vain,—an
opportunity for
cis not
onsnig deiing, not the successor, but the
office itself. It
very long since that office was
put in commission,
when
ple object was to get over
some political and
person difficulties.h Should any
change in its constitution
mission would give time for the contemplated,'n com-
eof so important 'a measure. necessary discussion
The idea which has floated in the mind of succes-
sive law reformers has been a separation
Chancellor's judicial and political functions.
of the Lord
s:imethieg revolting to the feelings andrus. There is
of an Englishman in a political judge—amman common sense
essen-
tially a partisan, ascending and descendingthe
tri-
bunal at the beck of a popular assembly, and selecte
fur his partialities as well as for his legal acumen. So
the first end most popular notion of the thing to be
(lona is to have an irremovable judge in the Court of
Chancery, and a removable Speaker in the House of
Lords. This idea, which finds favour with many who
are fortunately ignorant of the Chancery, is founded
on a very imperfect appreciation of the evils to be re-
moved; and it is only by reviewing the manifold
duties of 'the Lord Chancellor; and by remembering
what take:e place 'at every change of office, that is,
once every three or four year', that we see the
strength of the reasons for a fundamental alteration.
The Lord Chancellor may be said to preside over
the two highest courts.nf justice in this country, and
one Legislative Assembly. The Court of Cbancery

is so far sufficient for one man, that the arrears have
now accumulated beyond the probability of their
being discharged, by any one Chancellor, be he ever
so able, energetic, and young. Of course during
Lord Cottenham's illness those arrears have increased,
and the only symptom of their ever being cleared in
his Lordship's time was the recent announcement that
he had just given a remarkably able judgment in
chambers. The number of suitors, and the amount of
property at stake, are beyond belief. We will not
venture to say how many millions the Suitors' Fund,
or the money actually in the hands of the Court, is
estimated at. The -difficulties, the delays, and the
consequent expenses, are not only so great, but so
inevitable, that it is a common saying, that no pro-
perty less than 1,0001. is worth fighting for in Chan-
cery against a long purse, even with the best possible
opinions on your side. Notwithstanding the un-
doubted ability and character of the present Lord
Chancellor and his immediate predecessors, there has
been no very material improvement of late years, in
the progress of suits and the state of business, and
the ill-fame of the Court is at this moment almost as
flagrant as ever.
Without referring more particularly to the vast
amount of business devolving on the Lord Chancellor
in the care of wards and other matters of delicacy, or
matters of detail, we will pass on to the other Court
over which he presides—the House of Lords, as the
highest judicial tribunal of this country. But few peo-
ple—few even of the wretched suitors themselves, know
the thorough farce of an appeal to the House of
Lords. Every Tuesday and Thursday, the Lord
Chancellor's own court is closed, and proceedings
there suspended. On those days he sits in the Lords
to hear appeals from his own judgments in his own
court. He sits there alone, yet not quite alone, for the
court must not sit unless two other Peers are present.
Those twoother Peers so necessary to the adminis-
tration of justice, are ;here by virtue of a rota. Two
Peers are summoned for one day, and the two Peers
next in the list for the next day, and so forth. If a
trial lasts several days two Peers attend at the open-
ing, and then retire ; two others attend at the next
stage, and then give place to others, till the judgment
is delivered, with the assistance of two Peers who
have not heard one syllable of the trial, and need not
have the least conception of what it is about. Be-
sides these two lay Peers, there is also a gratuitous
and occasional attendance of legal Peers, who are not
necessary to the constitution of the court, and who,
except in one memorable instance, have seldom put
the Lord Chancellor in a minority. In fact, there-
fore, the Lord Chancellor, really alone, hears the trial
over again, and sits in judgment on his own decision.
The presidency of this court takes from the Lord
Chancellor two days out of six in the spring and
summer terms. The enormous expense, delay, and
other inconvenience it inflicts on the suitors, it is need-
less to describe, for they are doomed men and have
prepared for the worst.

Besides these two judicial offices,for we must
assign a plurality to offices when there is an appeal
from one to the other,—the Lord Chancellor presides
over the House of Lords in its legislative capacity. ;
and, if his time and strength are not so severely taxed
as the, Speaker's of the House of Commons, he bas
often to spend on the woolsack many hours which he
might otherwise employ in rest, or in preparation.
In addition to the above three important functions,
the Lord Chancellor is also a member of the Cabinet,
and, as such, is required to assist at councils, and
give advice, at times possibly very inconvenient to the
Court which claims his first attentions.
In the event of a change of Ministry; or, as now, in
the event of resignation through illness, the Lord
Chancellor, after holding his office three or four
years, and after having acquainted himself with
a number of complicated causes in progress, is
suddenly lost to the Court and the suitors, and
his place is taken by a man who has all to begin over
again. Every suitor who now has some hopes of a
judgment, and who has reason to believe that matters
are really in train for a conclusion, finds himself
suddenly thrown back, and his hopes nipped in the
bud, by the advent of a man to whom he and his cause
are utterly unknown. In the rare case of a vacancy
through death or illness, of course this is inevitable,
and can only be met with patience ; but the state of
things which creates a new Lord Chancellor every
change of Ministers is not inevitable, and may excuse
some impatience in 'persons who have seen perhap%
more than one Lord Chancellor in court since the
commencement of their suits.

The remedy is obvious, and has great names
to recommend it, though there may be some ques-
tion as to the details. A Lord Chancellor
with no othei duties than those of his own
Court, irremovable like the rest of the judges,
and with 8,0001. or 9,0001. per annum, would be in
a most honourable and enviable position, and cer-
tainly with less anxiety than the holder of the offic.t
in its present multifarious form. On the other hand,
a judicial Speaker of the House of Lords, authorised,
with assistance, to hear appeals from the Lord Chan-
cellor, a Cabinet Minister' and therefore sharing
political vicissitudes, with 5,000/. or 6,0001. per
annum, arid with the immense patronage of the office,
would be also an office of great importance and honour.
Whether with such an arrangement it would be ne-
cessary to have three Vice-Chancellors would be a
matter for discussion, but the appeals from the judg-
ment of these functionaries are so frequent as to justif3
the belief that much labour is lost under the present
arrangement. Whatever the necessity of a change,
or the merits of this or that plan, now, at all events,
is the time for thinking about it.—Times.

CORONERS' INQUESTS.
Borg AND SUICIDE.—On Saturday evening, at
six o'clock, Mr. William Carter, the coroner for
Surrey, opened a long inquiry at the Old Mitre
Tavern, Broad-wall, Blackfriars-road, respecting the
death of Thomas Hunt Cooper, aged 29 years, lately
residing at No. 5, Knight Ryder-court, Doctors -
commons, who committed the following dreadful act
of self-destruction under the circumstances briefly
detailed in the subjoined evidence of the principal
witness :---

Elizabeth Straker, of No.l, Thomas-place, Gravel-
lane, Blackfriars-road, stated that she had known the
deceased for many years. Witness had been fre-
quently annoyed by the deceased, who followed
,her
about daily from place to place, more particularly
during the last 14 weeks, and occasionally he would
threaten to take her life. Witness at one time went
in bodily fear, and told him if he persisted in
continuing his annoyance she would seek assist-
ance by application to a magistrate. The deceased
for a short time desisted, but again resumed his
visits, when she was about to go to a police-court,
when the deceased begged so earnestly that she
would not, that she again declined, on his promising
not to annoy her again. The deceased still continued
to follow her, and on Thursday morning last witness
heard a knock at the street door, and upon opening it
witness saw the deceased, who exclaimed in a load
voice, "I will blow your brains out;" at the same
moment deceased presented a pistol towards witness,
who called for the landlord in the front parlour, who
came out and stepped, between them. The deceased
rushed up stairs, and the next moment the report of a
pistol was heard, and when the witness and the land-
lord reached the second-floor back room, they dis-
covered the deceased lying a corpse on the floor, with
the upper portion of his head blown to pieces. De-
ceased seemed lifeless, and by his side lay a pistol.
The room was subsequently searched, and a bullet
was found on the floor. The police arrived soon af-
terwards, and when the pockets of the deceased were
examined, a letter was found, directed to his father,
which was proved to be in the deceased's handwriting.
The letter was as follows :
" Dear Father,—When you receive this I shall be no
more, for I' have-niade up my mind not to live any,
longer without Miss Straker.. Her shadow is always
following me-by night and day, and my thoughts are
constantly with her.

" Your affectionate son,
" Tuostis HUNT COOPER."
Witness added, that she fully believed if the landlord
had not come so providentially to her aid the deceased
would have shot her.
Mr. Robert Tibbetts, surgeon, of Blackfriars-road,
was next examined. lie proved the frightful nature
of the injuries the deceased had received, which must
have caused instant death.

Other witnesses were examined, who clearly proved
inoftetellmecptoforarrsyomine yearssan:ty
past.
.
William Payne, the
the deceased bad been of weak
DThaeß juryA DF u returnedLsuwa verdict
w m—mr.
wroner for London and Southwark, was engaged for
several hours on Friday night, at the Harrow public-
house, Borough-market, inquiring into the death of a
female, apparently about tbirty years of age, at pre-
sent unknown, who committed self-destruction at the
London-bridge:Railway Tavern.
Mrs. Sarah Wallis, the landlady of the Railway
Tavern, on the Surrey side of London-bridge, stated
that on Wednesday evening last the deceased came to
the bar, and asked if' she could be accommodated
with a bed. She had a small basket in her hand, and
said she expected a letter from some one that evening,
and added that when it arrived would I forward it to
her apartment ? Deceased went out two or three
times during the evening. On the following day,
about four o'clock, a letter came, directed to " Mrs.
Lloyd, at the Railway Tavern, London-bridge." At
seven o'clock the deceased went out, and soon after-
wards came in with a female, who went up-stairs with
thhee
eor .esaasmed same
remained
g deceased
viitwitness
en
sos her
wed
reerrneotdomt tea and toast for two.
The female referred to left in about an hour, and the
d
the door of the deceased's bed- cla upstairs
At
b andarlf butpas knockedt
not re
eleven
-t
ceiving any answer 'opened the door and walked in,
when witness discovered the deceased
thb sitting on a chair,
features were dreadfully disfigured, with her head reclining
who feundetliadjt? *.
ded. The deceased's
and witness, be-
ottnbiendgeersooasemd
wasand
be-
ing alarmed, ran out to
called a gentleman,
insensible. She bad a small phial -gin
'firmly clasped