The Sun.
London, England, 1868-06-09 00:00:00

for the future this obligation is likely to
degenerate into a mere form. As it is, we must
look to the House of Lords—never more useful
than when it repairs the too hasty legislation of
the Commons—to rescue us from the awkward
consequences likely to ensue from the amalgama-
tion of some of our leading railways. The junction
of the chief southern lines of railway was thought
to be a prudent and profitable proceeding, and
many mistaken mortals were deluded into the be-
lief that the interests of the public as well as of
the shareholders would be favourably affected
by it. But, on the contrary, we are imme-
diately threatened with all the evils attendant
upon a wholesale and irresponsible monopoly. The
fares are to be raised, the express trains put alto-
gether out of the ordinary tariff ; and, above all,
every one who enters the doors of a station is to
pay for the use of it Sixpence may appear to be a
trifle, but it is no trifle to many third-class passen-
gers, and the principle is 53 extravagant that it de-
serves instant denunciation. Mr. WATKIN's defence
is no defence at all, and has certainly failed to re-
assure the public. He appears to think that the rail-
ways are public benefactors, and so in so me sense
they may be, but they are also public servants,
We can hardly be quixotic enough to suppose that
the shareholders of any railway sanctioned the erec-
tion of costly stations, the construction of new lines,
or any other of the extravagant outlay which has
impovishered them, with the sole view of pleasing
the company. Very certainly their own profits
were immediately concerned, if not in the shape of
direct returns, at least in the indirect form of at-
tracting business to themselves from their competi
tors. And now we are told that the
public must pay for all this ; that the
landowners, whose property has been so
greatly benefited by the increase of suburban
residents, ought to take shares in the railways, &c.
But a very large proportion of passengers are not
landowners. How is it that they are to pay so much
more when the expenses are naturally diminished ?
The uninitiated might even have supposed that the
fare, instead of increasing, should have diminished
with the amalgamation, since it needs no
elaborate calculation to tell us that the
expenses must be reduced. The matter is
really a very serious one, because it tends
to check that wholesome outpouring of the London
working population which is so
important for the
health of the metropolis. If third-class passengers
are to pay lid. a mile instead of ld., many will be
deterred from living out of London, and must take
their families back to crowded courts and lanes.
Bat unless the House of Lords comes to the rescue
the more independent portion of suburban residents
have the cure in their own bands, and forsaking
surrey and Kent they must look to Hampstead or
Acton for their dwelling places, where competition
still keeps down monopoly.

LATEST INTELL MENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

AMERICA.

IVASHINGTON7 June 8.

The Secretary of the Treasury has issued the
usual monthly statement of the public debt of the
United States.

The total amount of the debt on the Ist June
was $2,643,500,000, against $2,639,500,000 on the
Ist of May last, being an increase of $4,000,000.
The cash in the Treasury on the Ist inst. was
$133,500,000, against $139,000,000 on the Ist ult.,
being a decrease of $5,500,000.

HALIFAX, June 8.

The Inman Royal Mail steamer City of New
York, from Liverpool, arrived here to-day. All
well.

NEW YORK, May 30.
President Johnson has reappointed Mr. Stan
berry to the post of Attorney-General.

Mr. Wade has appointed a Senate committee,
composed of one Democrat and four Republicans
to investigate the alleged corruption at the Impeach-

ment trial.

The New York papers publish intelligence from
Hayti announcing that the foreign consuls have re-
fused General Salnave's demand for the extradition

of refugees.

QUEBEC, May 30.

British gunboats are patrolling along the St.
Lawrence from Kingston to Prescott to watch the

Fenians.

The Allan Company's steamer Nestorian, from
Quebec on the 30th ult., arrived at Greencastle at
midnight on the Bth inst. She landed mails, pas-
sengers, and despatches, and proceeded to Liver-
pool. Wind, N.W. ; weather fine.

HUNGARY,

PESTH, June 8 (Evening.)

The municipalities of several large communes
have protested against their names being affixed
without their consent to the petition presented by
Herr Madarasz, in the name of 121 communes,
asking for the repeal of the laws of 1867 relative to
a compromise between Hungary and Austria.
Prince Napoleon is expected here on Saturday.
FRANCE.

PARIS, June 9.

In presenting his credentials to the Emperor
yesterday, Count Starkelberg, the newly-appointed
Russian Ambassador, said :—"I shall be only
obeying the express wish of my Sovereign in de-
voting all my solicitude towards maintaining the
relations of friendship existing between France and
Russia, based as they are upon the mutual inte-
rests both nations have at heart to see developed."
The Emperor replied :—" The Ambassadors of
the Emperor Alexander are always sure to find a
-hearty welcome from me. I congratulate myself
up& the selection made by the Emperor of a per-
, son with whom I have long been acquainted, and
who has left the most favourable reminiscences
amongst us. I have no doubt that you will con-
tribute to maintain the present friendly relations
existing between Russia and France, to which I
attach the highest value."
BOURSE, June B.—Three o'clock.—The market
closed as follows :

41 per Cent.
End of month... Itsl'an Loan
3 per Cent
End of month 7O 80 Mexican Loan ...
Credit Mobilier
End of month 3OO Spanish Threes ... 38
Credit Foncier 1540 Rome Debt —
End of month... Deferred —.--,
RAILWAYS. Cash
Orleans ... 8831
Northern
Lyons and Mediterranean
Southern.....
Western
Eastern
90321.
Sardinian
Austrian 555
Lombard 377+
North of Spain
Saragossa
Roman 43+

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