The Sun.
London, England, 1850-08-19 00:00:00

It is said that on the assembly of these tailors an alarm
of fire was raised, and a large body of firemen entered
a " factory" shop and rook out the 250 coats to be
made at low wages, which was the cause of the dis-
pute.
T ne tailors are going to demand a strict investiga-
tion of this matter from the authorities as early as
possible, and both the American and German so-
cieties adjourned early, to meet at an early hour this
monaing.
As ulna], there are hundreds of statements about
this matter, and the truth can only be known after
the trial. The tailors were not armed, which explains,
as t.'ney say, for the few police hurt, to whom they in-
tendfd to do no violence. The clothes were taken to
the Tomb:.—New York Paper.

HERRING FISHING.
(From the Scotsman.)
DUNBAR.—The fishing for some days back has
been particularly good. Some of the boats have had
very large shots, even to the lernth of 70 crans, and
the take was generally good. The quantity sent by
rail is immense. Oa Tuesday 70 trucks left, con-
taining about 250 tons of green fish, which would
yield a return to the North British of fully 100/.
All the English inland counties are in this way sup-
plied.
BERWICIL—The fishing has been good throughout
the past week. The return for yesterday morning
was from 2 to 30 crans each boat, several of wklich
have now secured 100 crans for the seven. The
average is about 70—a higher average at this period
of the season than of any during the last ten sears.
The prices have declined, and have been thin week
75., Bs., and 9s. the cran. _ _

rain has fallen. which will freshen up the pasture won-
derfully. While we write the glass is rising, and the
sun shining out magnificently.—Caledonian Mercury.

TATTERSALL'S—THIS EVENING.
Six o'CLocs.

EBOR HANDICAP,
4 to 1 agst CaLt3l3
9 to 2 agst Canez ,t 1
10 to 1 agst Dillingwood
10 t 9 1 agst Mark Tapley
10 to 1 agst Clothworker
10 to 1 agst Elcho
GREAT YORKSHIRE STAKES.
6 to 5 on Pitsford
PRINCE OF WALES'S STAKES.
Even en England's Glory
4 to 1 agst Storm

THE ROUTE TO CALIFORNIA BY
THE TEHUANTEPEC ISTHMUS.
(From the New York Herald.)
Mr. Letcher, the American Minister at Mexico, it
has been announced, has succeeded in effecting a
treaty with the Government of that country with
respect to the Tehuantepec route across the Isthmus.
It is understood than this treaty is similar in its cha-
racter and conditions to that recently made by our
Efficient Charge d'Affaires. Mr. Squiers, between our
Government and that of Nicaragua. The documents
connected with the affair will soon be placed before
the Senate of the United States. The presumption
is, that the stipulations do not vary widely from
those incorporated in Santa Anna's decree of the Ist
of March, 1842 ; and in that of Mariano de Sales,
dated the sth of November, 1846. The former de-
cree contained 11 articles, and the third of the
series declared that the passage across the Isthmus
should be neutral and common to all nations at
peace with Mexico. The Government generally
made this whole decree, upon certain terms,
with Don Jose de Garay, who it appears, has sur-
rendered in some way all the concessions originally
made to him to certain citizens of the United States
residing at New Orleans. By way of distinction,
therefore, this may be termed a New Orleans enter-
prise, though the results may be of national impor-
tance. The treaty was made on the 24th of last
month, and it is calculated to call forth much discus-
sion, as well as to excite great interest in every part
of the country.
For many years the idea of making an easy route,
either by railroad or canal, between the Pacific and
Atlantic Oceans, has not only arrested the attention of
our countrymen, but the serious inquiry of several
European Governments. A ship railroad, with a capital
of 10,000,0001. sterling, was proposed at one time in
London, with a view of levying tolls upon all the
nations.uf the earth. This was a gigantic scheme. When
the mind contemplates the po,sibility of taking a ship
into a dry dock on the Atlantic shore, of cradling it
upon a car with 48 wheels, running upon eight
rails, of seeing it transported across the country,
and deposited in a dock upon the Pacific, the inge-
nuity of man becomes an object of admiration. We are
startled with the boldness, though we can scarce doubt
the rationality of its resources. Vast capital can ac-
complish vast results. However, the English plan will
not be carried into effect in the present century. The
French and the Germans have made several surveys
of different routes, as well as the English and Ame-
ricans. That by Tehuantepec may or may not be
practicable. Senor Gaetano Moro's survey gives a
highly favourable picture of the country fur the pro-
posed road. From his surveys, it seems that the en-
tire distance from sea to sea is 135 miles in a right
line; . Is presents a wide plain from the mouth of the
Coataacoalcos to the foot of the Mesa de Tarifa, which
is a tableland rising to 650 feet above the level of the
sea, and at five miles distance descends again to
the. plain which reaches the Pacific. Near Tehuan-
tepec, Moro found two extensive lakes, the outer se-
parated by a narrow sandbank from the ocean; and the
inner and larger communicating with it by a channel
between high banks. Light rivers flow into them,
.
and, with some improving, ships may find harbours in
these waters. From the inner lake the land rises very
gradually to the Vents de Chicapa, thence with a
steeper acclivity ppen Tarifa—and there is a slight de-_
cliVity to a river, which is navigable for ships for the
d:§tsoce of 34 miles from its mouth on the Gulf of
Mexico. Such are the rude outlines of Muro's survey.
The resources of the country are immense for tim-
ber of the best quality for building a road. The fa-
cilities for cattle-feeding are complete. The soil
is prolific, and salt mines are abundant. The cli-
mete is agreeable and mild, and usually salubrious.
The advantages, therefore, for constructing a road
cannot be overlooked. In a commercial and political
point of view, however, such a road would be very de-
sirable.; and, could it be made, would add largely to the
prosperity of our country. From the mouth of the
Mississippi to San Francisco, by Tehuantepec, is
1,525 miles nearer than by Panama. From New
-York 1,400 miles of sea navigation would be saved,
were this route opened.
Such are the most obvious advantages of this
route. Others, though not so superficially apparent,
will readily rise, upon investigation. the Gulf of
Mexico lies chiefly within the jurisdiction of those
who would be interested in this route, and, in a
time of war, our commerce could be curried on without
any serious apprehension of disturbance from foreign
1 osver. This alone is not an unimportant considera-
tion, and will, we doubt not, be amply reflected upon
by our senatorial body when they take the whole subject
into consideration. With the' details of the treaty we
are not acquainted, but we are well satisfied that ex-
Governor Letcher, our Minister, who has arranged
the treaty, has too closely studied his subject to make
any mistake as to what is desirable for the present, or
possible in the future. In this belief, therefore, we
tru.t that the treaty will he ratified and confirmed
without delay. It will in no way interfere with that
of Nicaragua, and both routes across the Isthmus are
required. Panama, thcugh short, is unhealthy, and
will be abandoned.

A DERDEEN, AUG. 13.—The average per boat for
he season may, on a rough calculation, be stated at
rom 18 to 20 cram.

ST. LEGER.
6 to 5 agst Voltigeur
6 to 1 agst Winclischgra'z
9 to 1 agst Clincher,

PETERHEAD,
.AUG. 13.—The average take of the
270 boats fishing here, to this date, amounts to 3Gi
crane per boat.
FRASERBURGIT, AUG. 12.—The average take of
herrings here to this date is 57 crans per boat.
MACDUFF, AUG. 12.—The average of the herring
fishing, to this date, as near as can be ascertained, is
about 45 crans per boat. The highest fished boat has
got 110 crans.
NORTH SUNDERLAND, AUG. 15.—Since last report
large quantities of herrings have been caught, but the
price bas been so low for the last few days that the
fishermen have been very little benefitted thereby,
and they are now so much down-hearted, as to be
thinking of giving over at the end of this week for the
season. This morning (Thursday) the boats are
coming in with large quantities, many , seem to have
from 40 to 50 barrels, and eight, ten, and twenty ap-
pear to be common, though several have come in
nearly clean. Price, ss. per cran.

LEAMINGTON STAKES.
10 to 1 egst Priestess
12 to 1 agsit Tophaaa

IMPORTATION OF BRAND Y.-A ship which has
just arrived in the docks from Charente has brought the
large quantity of 57 pipe, 579 hogsheads, 515 quarter casks,
and 319 cases of brandy.

CHINESE CARPETS.—An importation of some bales
of carpeting hasjust taken place, as a portion of a large cargo
of Chinese productions, by a vessel arrived from Canton.

PRISON DISCIPLINE.
The Select Committee appointed to inquire into the
rules and discipline established with i egard to the
treatment of prisoners in gaols and houses of correc-
tion in England and Wales, and into any improve-
ment which can be made therein, and who were em-
powered to report their observations and opinion
thereupon, together with the minutes of the evidence
taken before them, to the House—have examined the
matters to them referred, and have agreed to the fol-
lowing report and reiolutions:—

Th't the resolutions adopted by Committees of
both Houses of Parliament, appointed in 1822 and
1835, to inquire into the state of prions and prison
discipline, and the several gaol Acts which have been
passed since 1822, clearly show that Parliament has
long been anxious to see established such an uniform
sysiem of prison discipline as would ensure the sen-
tences of courts of justice being strictly carried into
effect, and which would at the same time tend to im-
prove the morals of convicted offenders.
In 1823, the 4th George W., c. 64, was brought
into Parliament by Sir Robert Peel, when Secretary
of State for the Home Department. By that Act it
was declared that " due classification, inspection,
separation, regular labour and employment, religious
and moral instruction, are essential to the discipline
of a prison, and for the reformation of offenders ; and
that the laws ought to be so amended as would uni-
formly and strictly carry into effect such a system."
By the same Act all the previous laws relating to
prisons were consolidated or amended ; and it may be
considered as the basis of all the existing gaol Acts.
In 1835 a report upon prison discipline was made
by a Committee of the House of Lords. "I hat
report took a comprehensive view of the subject,
and, amongst many other recommendations, it
strongly insisted upon the necessity of hard labour,
religious instruction, and separation, with a view to
prevent contamination. In that year the 5 and 6 Will.
IV., c. 36, was passed, giving. power to the Secretary
of State to lay down rules for the management of prisons,
and to Appoint inspectors. But although the Secre-
tary of State has the power to lay down rules, be has
no direct means of enforcing them. If the plans for
the construction or alteration of a prison do not obtain
his approbation, he may express his dissent, but he
has no power to order his own views or alterations to
be adopted ; nor can the justices after such dissent has
been expressed proceed with their own plans.
By the 2d and 3d Vict., c. 56 (1839), individual
separation is permitted in prisons, when a certificate
of the general fitness of the cells shall have been
obtained from the Secretary of State.
In accordance with the orders of the House your
Committee have inquired into the existing rules and
regulations of prisons, and have examined several
witnesses. Froth their evidence it appears that in
several counties considerable sums of money have
been expended in rebuilding or, altering prisons.
The visiting justices are evidently most anxious to
adopt the best system for the proper treatment of
prisoners, and your Committee are of opinion that
their services are of the greatest value in connexion
with the subject of prison discipline.

Your Committee, however, deem it their duty to
state that several prisons are still in a very unsatis-
factory condition, and that proper punishment, se-
parstion, or reformation in them is nearly impossible.
In the coarse of the inquiry a proposal was brought
under the consideration of the Committee by the
Honourable Member for Lambeth, for the erection
of a large prison or prisons in the centre of some
hundreds of acres of land; which it was stated might
be profitably cultivated by the prisoners, without in-
terfering with their discipline or reformation ; while
it would secure for them constant hard work, which
would materially reduce the cost of thei: main-
tenance.

The Fy s tem of prison labour upon a large scale is
already in operation at the Island of Portland, whEre
800 transports are daily employed in getting stone for
the new Breakwater. Captain Whitty, the governor,
says he does not think that the discipline of these
prisoners suffers from their working in association ;
but by the regulations all such prisoners are required
to be from seven to twelve months in separate confine-
ment in Government prisons, before they are placed
under his charge, and he doubts whether he could
other% ise keep them under control.

—"Your Committee are not disposed to offer any
strong opinion in favour of or against Mr. Pearson 'a
plan, for many difficulties would probably arise under
fully
uc
oughtl s discus=
acu
tn,
omsd
bopt
enhe
et
submittedoe
nf
ti t s detailst
to
te
stto ; b
probabilities
tthhoeefuatictcs
consideration
consider
ef thatt
ei
st
cccyesost, witht e
aview calcula-
tionsto its being adopted for prisoners sentenced to long
terms of imprisonment, or to those sentenced to
transportation, who must spend several months in a
prison in Great Britain before they embark fur a
foreign country.
Your Committee having maturely considered the
evidence of the various witnesses, have finally agreed
to the following resolutions
Resolved,—That it is
the opinion of this Com-
mittee,—
1. That many prisons have been rebuilt or mate-
rially 'Altered since 1835, by which uniformity of
construction has been extensively promoted, and that
the internatdiscipline of prisons has been materially
improved, but that great variety of construction and
discipline still exists.
2. That this Committee concurs in the opinion ex-
pressed by former Committees of both Houses of Par-
liament, that such variety is a
great evil; and con-
siders it desirable that that the Legislature should
entrust increased powers to some central authority
of enforcing uniform adherence to rules laid down
from time to time by Parliament in these respects.
3. That such increased powers would be best exer-
cised by a board subject to the authority of the Se-
cretary of State.
4. That this Committee also concurs in the opiniOn
expressed by a Committee of the House of Lords in
1834, that entire separation, except during the hours
of labour and of religious worship and instruction, is
absolutely necessary for preventing contamination and
for securing a
this Committee is of opinion that with this view every
proper system of prison discipline ; and
prison ought to contain such a number of cells as
would enable each prisoner to be kept separate, by
day as well as by night, both before and after trial.
5. That where it may be necessary to bring pri-
soners together during the hours of labour, instruc-
tion, and divine worship, effectual means ought to be
taken to prevent any intercourse between such pri-
soners.
of imprisonment, contemplated
in the 2d and 3d Vie.,
6. That individual separation of prisoners, termed
" the separate system"
c. 56, has been adopted in
Pentonville prison, and in many county and borough
prisons.
7.• That this Committee has received much evidence
both as to the mode of applying this system, and as to
its results.
8. That this Committee regrets to have found a
want of uniformity in some important particulars in
the mode of applying this system in different prisons,
which they think ought to be remedied.
9. That, while the evidence as to the results of the
system is in some respects conflicting, the great pre-
ponderance of evidence, iocluding that of almost all
the visiting justices and officers of the prisons in
which it has been in operation, and who have been
examined by this Committees is highly favourable to
it, and this Committee is of opinion that if conducted
under proper regulations and control separate cot
finement is more efficient than any other system
which bas been yet tried, both in deterring from crime
and in promoting reformation.
10. That individual separation ought to be applied
to all prisoners before trial, as it is essential in an
especial degree that such prisoners should be secured
from all intercourse with other prisoners, and the
only mode by which this object can be properly at
tained is by their individual separation, under such
modifications as are consistent with due consideration
of the fact, that they are committed for safe custody
and not for punishment.
11. That individual separation ought to be con-
tinuously applied to all prisoners under, all sentences
of imprisonment, not exceeding three months, and not
being subject to physical or mental disqualification.
12, That it ought also to be applied to labours

THE SUN, LONDON,. MONDAY EVENING, AUGUST 19, 1850.

under long sentences, during the earlier period of
their imprisonment, but this Committee does not
recommend that it should in ordinary cases be
enforced for a longer period than twelve months.
13. That hard labour is not incompatible with in-
dividual separation, and that where they have been
tried in combination, as in the county prison at Lei-
ctster, the effect has been remarkable in the decrease
of the number of committals, especially under the
Vagrant and Malicious Trespass Acts.
14. That after prisoners under long sentences have
undergone a period of separate confinement, the re-
mainder of their sentences ought to be passed under a
system of combined labour, with effectual precau-
tions egainst intercourse.
15. That this object would be greatly facilitated
by the erectiun ut district prisons, at the national
cost, for the reception of prisoners under long sen-
tences, after they have undergone such previous sepa-
rate confinement.

16. That such district prisons should be maintained
at the national cost, and the government of such pri-
sons, and all appointments and salaries of officers,
ought to be under the control of her Majesty's Go-
vernment.

17. That if this plan were adopted an alteration of
the law might, in the opinion of this Committee, be
usefully made, in order to substitute, in many cases,
for short terms of transportation, longer terms of im-
prisonment than are now sanctioned by law.
18 That this Committee does not feel justified,
without longer time fur the consideration of such ex-
tensive details, in attempting to pronounce a definite
(pinion upon the plan which has been submitted to
them, with much ability and laudable exertion, by
Mr. Pearson ; but they consider that plan to be en-
titled to serious consideration by any department of
her Majesty's Government to which the regulation of
prisons may be entrusted, and especially in connexion
with the recommendation fur the establishment of dis-
trict prisons.
19. That the Committee concurs with some of the
most experienced witnesses they have examined, in
the opinion that a great majority of convicted pri-
soners are open to the same good motives and good
impulses winch influence other human beings, and
therefore that a system of encouragement to good con-
duct, and endeavours to inspire feelings of self-respect,
self-reliance, and hopefulness for the future, which
have been tried in some of our largest establishments,
ought to be adopted, so far as it is practicable, with.
out impairing the penal and deterring character
essential to any system of imprisonment.
20. That in regard to some of the details of dis-,
cipline which have been brought before them, this
Committee recommends that the means of lighting
every cell, except cells for an infraction of prison
rules, ought to be provided in every prison, and that
no prisoner ought to be left in darkness for more than
a maximum time which can be required for rest, viz.,
eight hours.
21. That the diet should invariably be kept as low
as is consistent with the health of the prisoners.

22. That no more artificial warmth should be in-
troduced in prison cells than is absolutely requisite
fur the preservation of health.
23. That while it is desirable to prevent the con-
sequences arising from the mutual recognition of
prisoners, this Committee does not think it expe-
dient to recommend the adoption of any general rule
in that regard.

24. That under any system of discipline the bet
practicable arrangements should be made for the in.
struction of all prisoners in their religious and mt,rd
duties.

25. That provision ought to be made in every pri-
son for enforcing sentences of imprisonment with
hard labour.

26. That the discipline in respect of prisoners con-
fined for debt requires amendment.
27. That on the interesting question of what system
of prison discipline is best adapted to juvenile
offenders, this Committee has not received sufficient
evidence to enable them to offer distinct recommenda-
tion;; but they are of opinion that a larger amount
of industrial training and reformatory discipline may
advantageously be adopted in their case than in that
of ordinary criminals.—July 29, 1840.

TRAGICAL EVENT.
On the 6th inst. Mr. J. W. Dutton, the eldest son
of the Hon. J. W. Dutton, of Bibury•house near
Fairford, Gloucestershire, and grandson of Lord Sher-
borne, with three other gentlemen and some guides
(headed by the enterprising Johann Lauerier, of Lau-
terbrunnen), left Interlachen to hunt chamois amongst
the mountains of the Bernese Oberland in the neigh-
bourhood of the Blumlis Alp and Jungfrau. The
day succeeding their departure they were detained by
inclement weather at some chalets, only inhabited by
cowherds in the height of summer. On the Bth they
proceeded to range a district between the Schilthorn
and the Tachingelhen for chamois. During the day
two of the party left and returned to Interlachen,
being tired of the sport, leaving Mr. Dutton and Mr.
Robert Ward Jackson, a gentleman from Cleveland
in Yorkshire, who alone were anxious to pursue it.
On the morning of Friday the 4th they left at 4 A
a chalet, where they had slept, in the Seefinenthal,
end proceeded over the Furke, a pass separating the
Kienthal from the Seefinenthal ; thence they went
a'ong over a large tract of snow, the extreme head o
the Kienthal, and crossed an intermediate ridge of
steep rocks into the Gatnschithal, which is a tributary
to the Kienthal. Some chamois being descried at a
great distance the party remained at a certain
point, whilst Lauener took a long circuit, hoping to
drive them in the direction of the rifles. Upwards of
an hour and a half was required to accomplish this,
which was an unsuccessful attempt, on account of
the chamois having scented him. Upon the occasion
of tl-e party leaving their point of view to join Laue-
ner the following sad accident occurred :—Mr.
Dutton, being slightly cold, gave his, rifle to
a guide to carry that he might more effectually use
his Alpine staff in descending diagonally the steep
incline of the mountain, covered with loose slaty
deposit upon its rocky face. Mr. Dutton having
slipped whilst placing his foot upon a piece of rock,
fell upon his left thigh and hip, and at the same mo-
ment the guide, who was immediately behind him,
carrying his rifle, stooped to break his fall and pre-
vent his sliding down the slope. The fastening by
which the leather sling was attached to the rifle was
not strong, and slightly out of repair. Mr. Dutton
was seen endeavouring to improve it upon two occa-
sions—one, the day before ; the other on the fatal
morning. The movement of the guide in order to
save Mr. Dutton had the effect of causing a strain
upon the sling more than it could bear. It accord-
ingly gave way; the rifle fell from him and dropped
down the slope, pointing straight up it. All the party
viz.,;Mr. Dutton, Mr. Jackson, and the three guides,
were then close together. Scarcely a moment
had elapsed when one barrel went off, and the
ball must have passed amongst them ; scarcely
another moment passed ere the second barrel
went off (the rifle not being at more than a distance
of about five yards). This second explosion was with
more deadly effect, for poor Mr. Dutton was shot
through the stomach. His first request was to be
carried down to the snow, and to the edge of it, there-
fore, he was taken. Mr. Jackson having endeavoured
to stanch the wound as best he might with few ma-
terials, immediately dispatched one of the guides to
Interlachen, to Mr. Dutton's travelling companion,
the Hon. J. C. Murray, with a request to proceed
with medical aid to the village of Kien, the first place
down the Kienthal where any, even rude, accommo-
dation was to be obtained. Mr. Jackson being in-
formed by the guides that some materials might be
obtained from some chalets at a moderate distance
sent another guide off for the purpose of regaining it.
After waiting above an hour one man arrived with
two poles and a sheet, bringing word that it might be
some hours before further assistance could be got.
This being the case, Mr. Jackson deemed it better to
commence transporting his companion with the four
individuals the party then consisted of. They had
first to ascend 1,000 or more feet (this being about
7,000 feet above.the sea) to repass the before -mentioned
ridge of rocks, and then to descend for nearly two miles
diagonally over snow, which towards the bottom was
extremely slippery. Whilst passing over it the cow-
herd saw at a distance one of his cows in rather a
dangerous position, and in spite of bribery, entreaties,
and threats, left the party to continue, as best they
might, their difficult route, rendered much more so
by their being so greatly overweighted. Further de•
tails would only prove, that after passing the snow,
their route was still steep and fatiguing, so much so,
that it occupied, from first to last, nearly eleven hours
to convey the wounded man to Kien. He bore the
whole journey with the most patient and determined
resignation, being from the first convinced that his
wound was mortal. It was, indeed, always too evi-
dent. Mr. Murray, with two medical men, bad ar-
rived shortly after the party reached Kien, when their
united opinion was, that nothing could save him, and
that had the accident occurred where medical aid was
close at hand, life could not have been prolonged more
than one hour. The ball had entered the under part
of the right thigh, and proceeding through the intes •
tines and bladder, bad come out under the left rib, near
the hip. Mr. Dutton expired, after continuing to
bear up with the most admirable fortitude, at 9 A.m.
on Saturday, the 10th. His remains were conveyed
to Interlachen the same day, and were interred in the
beautiful little Protestant churchyard of Stieg, one
mile distance, being followed to the grave by the
English visitors, among whom he had during his stay
excited a lively interest.

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PRICES OF SHARES

IN BANKS', ASSURANCE, AND OTHER COM

PANIES' STOCK.
From the Official List.

PUBLISHED EVERY TUESDAY AND FRIDAY EVENING
LONDON, FRIDAY, AUGUST 16.

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