The Sun.
London, England, 1857-02-10 00:00:00

LONDON GAZETTE—(This Evening.)

DOWNING-STREET, FEE. 9.
The Queen has been pleased to appoint Charles Henry
Darling, Esq., now Governor and Commander-in-Chief in
and over the Island of Newfoundland and its dependen-
cieg, to be Captain-General and Governor-in-Chief in and
over the Island of Jamaica and the territories depending
thereon ; Sir Alexander Bannerman, lint. now
Governor and Commander-in-Chief in and over
the Bahama Islands, to be Governor and Com-
mander-in-Chief in and over the Island of New-
foundland and its dependencies ; Sir Carlo Arthur Henry
Rumbold, Bart., to be President and Senior Member of
the Council of the Island of Nevis; and Thomas Price,
Esq., now Treasurer for the Island of Antigua, to be
President and Senior Member of the Executive Council of
the Virgin Islands.
Her Majesty has also been pleased to appoint Edward
W. Alexander, Esq., to be Colonial Surgeon for the Island
of St. Helena; Thomas Havers, Esq., to be a Member of
the Executive Council of the Falkland Islands, daring the
absence of J. R. Longden, Esq. ; John J. Robinson, Esq.,
to be a Member of the Legislative Council of the Province
of New Brunswick; William Forgan and John Aldons,
Esc's., to be Members of the Legislative Council of the
Island of Prince Edward; and Sholto Thomas Pemberton,
Esq., to be a Member of the Council of Nevis. I

WHITEHALL, FEB. 9.
The Queen has been pleased to appoint the Right Hon.
Win. Monsell to be President of the General Board of
Health. - _ _

CROWN-OFFICE, FEB. 10.
MEMBERS RETURNED TO SERVE IN THE. PRESENT
PARLIAMENT.
Borough of Aylesbury—Sir Richard Bethcll, Knt., her
Majesty's Attorney-General.
Borough of Hertford—The Right Hon. Wm. Francis
Cowper, Vice-Preadult of the Committee of Privy Coun-
cil for Education.
WAR OFFICE, PALL-MALL, FEB. 10.
Royal Artillery—Lient,-Colonel Henry Joseph Morrif

to be Colonel, vice Higgins, removed as a General Officer ;
Captain John Travers to be Lieutenant-Colonel, vice
Morris; Second Cgptain William Boyd Saunders to be
Captain, vice Trevors ; Lieutenant Cecil Brooke Le Mean-
rier to be Second C.,ptain, vice Saunders.
Royal Engineers—The second Christian name of the
Lieutenant appointed on 20th Dec., 1356, in the Gazette of
the 23,1 ult., is barley, and not Darby, as previously
t ated.

90th Foot—The Christian name of Major Batnston is
Rogor, and not Robert, as stated in the Gazette of the 6th
instant.

BREVET.
Colonel Thomas Gordon Higgins, of the Royal Artillery,
to be Major-General, vice Bastard, retired upon full-pay. 3
In con-equence of the promotion of Colonel Morris, the
undermentioned officers on the retired fall-pay list of the
Royal Artillery, to be Colonels, in accordance with the
Royal Warrant of 3d November, 1854; Colonel Morris
having stood next below them on the Effective Establish-
ment of the Regiment when they retired, viz :
Lieutenant-Colonel Charles Herrick Burnaby.
Lieutenant-Colonel John Geddes Walker.
ADMIRALTY, FEB. 2.
- BREVET.
CORPS OF ROYAL MARINES.

With reference to her Majesty's Order in Council of the
13th Sept.' 18 i 4,
Colonel Second Commandant Samuel Hawkins, on re-
tired full pay, to be Major-General, the rank being hono-
rary only.
Lieut.-Colonel Peter Brames Nolloth, on retired full pay,
to be Colonel, the rank being honorary only.
Captain William Lawrence Sayer, on retired fall pay, to
be Major, the rank being honorary only.
ADMIRALTY, FEB. 6.
Corps of Royal Marines.—The following promotions have
taken place, under her Majesty's Order in Council of the
13th Sept., 1854, in consequence of the death of Gen. Geo.
Jones, on the Fixed Establishment of General Officers of
the Royal Marines, viz. :—Lieut.-General Thos. Adams
Parke, C.B. to be General ; Major-General John Rawlins
Coryton to be Lieut.-General, vice Parke, promoted ; Col.-
Commandant John Alexander Philips to be Major-General,
vice Coryton, promoted.

BREVET.
Major-General William Fergusson, on retired full pay,
to be Lieutenant-General, in consequence of the promo-
tion of Major-General John Rawlins Cory ton, the officer
who stood next below him on the Effective Establishment
at the time of his retirement.
ADMIRALTY, FEB. C.
Corps of Royal Marines.—The following promotions
have taken place under her Majesty's order in Council of
the 2d Feb., 1857 : Lieutenant-Colonel Henry William
Parke to be Colonel Second Commandant ; Captain John
Hawkins Gascoigne to be Lieutenant-Colonel, vice Parke,
promoted.

ADMIRALTY, FEB. 6.
Corps of Royal Marines—Lieutenant-Colonel Anthony
Blaxland Stransham to be Colonel Second Commandant,
vice Hawkins, retired on full pay ; Captain Robert John
WlCillop to be Lieutenant-Colonel, vice Stransham, pro-
moted ; Captain and Brevet-Lieutenant-Colonel William
Friend Hopkins, C. 8., to be Lieutenant-Colonel, vice
Nollotb, retired on full pay.

ADMI.RALTY, FEB. 6.
Corps of Royal Marines—Colonel Second Commandant
Fdward Augustus Parker to be Colonel Commandant,
vice Philips, promoted ; Lieutenant-Colonel Edward Rea
to be Colonel Second Commandant, vice Parker, promoted;
Captain Henry Carr Tate to ba Lieutenant-Colonel, vice
Rea, promoted.
COMMISSIONS SIGNED BY LORD-LIEUTENANT

County of Dumfries—The Right Hon. John Rogerson
Rollo, Baron Rollo, to be Deputy-Lieutenant.

BANKRUPTCY ANNULLED.
Henry John Girdlestone, Berlin wool dealer, Brighton.

BANKRUPTS.

William Edwards, ale and porter merchant, 325, High-
street, Wapping, to surrender, Feb. 19, at eleven, and
Itarch 19, r.t twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. John-
son, official assignee, Basinghall-street ; Brown.
Thomas Skinner, engraver, Sheffield, Feb. 21, and
March 21, at ten, at the Leeds District Court. Brewin,
official assignee, Sheffield ; Hoole and Yeomans, Sheffield.
Hyam Levi, clothier, Liverpool, Feb. 20 and March 12,
at eleven, at the Liverpool District Court. Bird, official
assignee, Liverpool; Woodburn, Liverpool.

SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS.
Alexander Muirbead, Glasgow.
Robert Govan, atone merchant, Glasgow.
William Gardner and Company, builders, Glasgow.
James Miller, farmer, Glaggo*.

COURSE OF EXCHANGE.- THIS DAY.
tha5terdam............ 11 15 ] Gibraltar .... —•••••• ••
Ditto, three months .. 11 18 ;Leghorn .............. 29 45
Rotterdam .• •• •• •• •• •• 11 184 Genoa `. ..... •• •• •• .• ... :5 67%
Brussels •• •••••••• •• •• 25 35 i Venice ••••••.••• •• ••
Untaburgh ••••.• •• • • • • 13 7IA Naples ••••••••e• •• •• •• 43%
&Rona —••••••..•• •• •• i Palermo •• •• • .•••• i 29%
Pari5.............•• .. .. 25 22% Messina ... ... 130
Ditto, three months .. 25 62% Lisbon .. 51%
Marseilles .............. 25 6254 Oporto ..............•• 51%
Bourdeaux ........ _.. fßio Janeiro ..... .•••• ..
Frankfort-on-Maine .• .. 119!4 Buenos Ayres.. ,• •• .... -
Berlin ........ ~....... New York,6o days' sight
Vienna .......... .... 10 30 Philadelphia ... —
irkste ••••••.••• • • .• •. 10 32 ?WOES OF VIILLION, F;iF oz.
Petersburg ............ 37% Foreign Gold in Bars £3.17 9
Madrid .........., .. ~ 49!„i Portugal Gold Ccin .. 0' 0 0
Cadiz ......... •• .... 49% Mexican Dollars .... 0 0 0
New Dollars ...... 0 0 0
.skville •• .......... --I Silver in bars .. —•• 0 0 0

GREENWICH ELECTION—(This Day.)

STATE OF THE POLL.
ONE O'CLOCK.

Cod rington
Sleigh

2,298
. 1,158

HEREFORD.

A second candidate has appeared in the person of Mr
W. T. Kevill Davie,, a county magistrate and land-
owner, residing. at Croft-eastl,,, near Leominster. The
nomination will take place on Thursday.

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.

HOUSE OF COMMONS.-(YESTERDAY.)

SECONDARY PUNISHMENTS AND TICKETS

OF LEKVE.

Sir G. GRE Ir—l rise, in pursuance of the notice I
have given, to move for leave to bring in a bill to amend
the act 13'1 and 17th of Victoria, chap. 99, entitled
" An act to substitute in certain cases other punishment
in lieu of transportation. " I am wall aware of the deep
interest felt in this subject thrJughlut the country,and
I thr,refore think it my duty to avail myself of the
earliest opportunity of submitting to the house the views
entertained by the Government respecting it, and of
stating the course they think it expedient to adopt. In
considering this question, as I have done very carefully,
during the recess, I have derived great and valuable as-
sistance from the inquiries of the committees of list ses-
sion. One of those committees was appointed by this
house to inquire into the operation of the act of 1853,
and was presided over by my right hon. friend the Chan-
cellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. Tho other was a
committee of the House of Lords, and was appointed
for the same purpose. These committees, follow-
ing rather different lines of inquiry, collected a vast mass
of vaivable evidence, and made recommendations which
the Government thought were entitled to very great
weight. Before I consider the resolutions and recom-
mendations of either of these committees, I think it de
sirable that I should shortly recall to the recollection of
the house the nature of the provisions of the act which I
propose to amend. The circumstances under which the
act was passed are too fresh in the recollection of hon.
members to render it necessary for me to dwell upon
them. It trill be recollected that transportation as a
secondary punishment was long in use in this country.
After being resorted to for a great many years as the
highest secondary punishment it had become almost inn-
po7sible to carry it into effect, owing to the closing of
those avenues of transportation which bad been open to
this country in New South Wales and Van Diemen's
Land, though in the earlier stages of the formation of
those colonies transportation had been of advantage to
both of them. I believe that the great and growing pros-
perity of those large colonial communities was in a great
measure owing to the introduction of convicts into them
in their earlier stages of existence. Those convicts by
supplying labour laid the foundation of the prosperity of
the colonies I have referred to; but, as in course of time
the colonies received a very large number of free settlers,
as wealth and capital increased, and as free labour found
its way into and was capable of supplying the market,
and of rendering capital available in the cultivation d
the land, it became ;subject first of doubt and dispute
and contention in the colonies themselves whether it
was desirable that transportation should be continued ;
and ultimately there grew up a settled and decided feel-
ing in New South Wales and Tan Diemen's Land that
it was inexpedient that convicts should be transported
to either of those colonies. Under these circumstances
the Government came to the wise; and, indeed, neces-
sary decision, that transportation should be altogether
waddiscontinued,rsin
van
fiDrsitemofeanlls
Land. New Southsuch Wrraalsesthaendstaatfetenr
of
things when in 1853 a bill was
te submittedtime,
and this
to Parliament
adapted to meet the exigencies of the
passed into an act, which I now propose to ask permis-
sion of the House to amend. The provisions of the act
are shortly these :—After reciting that it had become
expedient to substitute some other punishment for the
transportation of offenders beyond the sea, it abolished
sentences of transportation for less than 14 years, and
substituted terms of penal servitude. The terms of penal
servitude to be awarded were not co extensive with the
terms of transportation, as, for instance, 'instead of
transportation for seven years' penal servitude for four
years was awarded, and so in proportion ; and it was
only in the case of transportation for life that Parliament
authorised a sentence of penal servitude of like duration
to be passed. There was engrafted on that act of Par-
liament, in the course of the discussion, a provision under
which what is popularly called the system of tickets-of-
leave has arisen, and the act accordingly contains a pro-
vision rendering it lawful to grant to any convict a licence
revocable at pleasure to be at large within the United
Kingdom or Channel Islands during any period
of his sentence. Having shortly stated the main provi-
sions of the act of 1853, and the circumstances under
which it was passed, I will now proceed to describe what
1 conceive to be the effect of that act, and in doing so I