The Sun.
London, England, 1868-01-27 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, JANUARY 27, 1868.

benefit- of being connected with a richer people.
" She l las brought into our laws and literature, into
our habits Aof thought and feelings of society every-
thing that could honour, distinguish, and heighten
a nation." Why should not the result be the same
with Reim id? She has eloquence to adorn our laws, '
she has genius to enrich our literature, she has '
fervent feelings, keen wit, ready humour, and her
own special light-heartedness to bring into our social
and intellectual circles. If Scotland has felt the
benefit of connection with a richer people, why
should not Ireland be equally susceptible of the ad-
vantages to be derived from her union with Eng-
land ? Mr. ROEBUCK did not, however, examine
the case in this aspect. He denounced, as all
rational politicians do denounce, the idea of a
separation between the two countries, and pointed
out that under the law there was no recognised
inequality. Trial by jury and all other vital mat-
ters were identical in both, and there was no law
in England to compel landlords to grant leases to
their tenants. There was something more than law
wanted to improve the condition of the sister coun-
try. " Depend upon it," he exclaims," it is not law
that will make Ireland what it ought to be. It is
the teaching of her teachers ; it is the reception of
that teaching by her people ; it is a determination
on the part of everybody to do his duty in that
state of life in which it has pleased GOD to call
him, and not to turn round to talk nonsense about
" Erin-go-bragh or Bryan Born." But we have for
centuries done mischief, as Mr. ROEBUCK said later
on, and the mischief of centuries cunot be
undone in one generation. Fenianism, though a
great evil, may be ultimately productive of good if
it eliminates the professed agitators and noisy
riorters from the real and earnest reformers of Ire-
land. England has often shown her anxiety
to remove the grievances of her sister coun-
try, and strong as is the indignation against
Fenianism, Englishmen are magnanimous enough to
distinguish between the crimes of a few conspirators
and the mistakes of their dupes, still more between
the reckless agitator, whose hand is against every
man, and the loyal and conscientious Irishman, who
feels that his country is unjustly burdened. As for
the American Irish element, Mr. ROEBUCK spoke the
truth when he said the Irish emigrant who arrived in
America with his feelings embittered against England
found two parties fighting against each other, be-
tween which he held the balance. Both parties
courted him, and Democrats and Republicans alike
talked nonsense to obtain his vote. Without doubt
this fact introduces an awkward element into the
question, but the greater the difficulty, the more
need for patience, promptitude, and resolution in
dealing with it.

general
NewlV We by
tobyththee
lasrtrhivajlaonfuatrhye, Caeudba
thneewsfrom
in a manner
embroglio at the War-office continues
aspect of affairs is anything but encouraging. The
which we should in this country imagine to be in-
On the 14th, the day prior to the departure of
compatible with the discharge of public business.
the Cuba, Mr. STANTON' resumed possession of
the War Department. General GRANT volun-
tarily gave up the keys so soon as he re-
ceived the resolution of the Senate, and notified
the PRESIDENT that under the Tenure of Office Bill
his functions of Secretary of War ad interim
ceased the moment be received notice of the
action of the Senate. The General is evidently
very apprehensive of assuming too much, and car-
ries the reticence which distinguishes his speech
into action, lie is apparently fearful of identifying
himself with either party, and now that the elec-
tions are drawing nearer and nearer, he shrinks
from giving offence to the Republicans. He leaves
the battle between the Legislature and the Executive
to be fought out by other parties, and will await
the issue before he takes independent action. He
cannot, indeed, refuse to obey the orders of the
PRESIDENT as his military comma.uder, and it now
seems that he is equally reluctant to disregard the
commands of Congress. The bill reinstating Mr.
STANTON was passed in the Senate by thirty-
five votes to six. Mr. JOHNSON, however, is
not inclined to submit to dictation, and has an-
nounced that he will issue all militay
STANTON.orders
through GRANT instead of through g
GRANT'S military position woald enable him to do
this ; but whatever course Mr. JOHNSON resolves
upon, it is certain that he will not allow his au-
thority to be so completely set aside as the Radicals
desire. They are scheming now to remove all the
prominent men who oppose them in their headlong
course. General HANCOCK has become remarkable
for his temperate and constitutional administration
of his district, and the PRESIDENT, it will be re-
membered, expressly recomtnended him for approval

to the Senate. That august body has shown their
sense of his services by the introduction of a reso-
lution to reduce the quota of major-generals in the
army, the resolution being so framed as to cause
the discharge of HANCOCK and ROUSSEAU.
Another resolution adopted by the Senate recom-
mends the consideration of a law for the suspension
of officials from office pending impeachment and trial.
This is no doubt aimed at the PRESIDENT, though
his wildest antagonists one would imagine could
hardly dream of reopening the Impeachment ques-
tion. The Houle of Representatives, it is true, is
ready for a good deal. No hesitation or misgiving
interferes with the vigour of their resolutions. The
bill denying the validity of the civil Governments
of the South, which we learned by the cable last
week, had passed the Lower House, makes it a

high misdemeanour for the PRESIDENT to employ
the army or navy to enforce the authority of the
present civil governments in the rebellious States.
This is evidently intended to prevent the action of
the troops in repressieg the riots in the South. It
would seem that the !louse of Representatives is
really in earnest in endeavouring to rekindle the
flames of civil war and rebellion in those
distracted and desolated provinces. Whether
they seriously desire the confiscation of
the planters' lands, hoping .for personal en-
riching of the members, or whether they are
carried away by their dislike to the PRESIDENT, it
is certain that the system which they are delibe-
rately pursuing in the South would be intolerable to
any but the most degraded people. To set aside all
civil law, and to know that the military law is ad-
ministered by men of known partiality and harsh-
ness, is simply to provoke a fresh revolt against the
arbitrary power that is so unworthily employed. The
condition of the Southern States has excited the
commiseration of Europe, but it is powerless to
awaken the sympathies or moderate the political
rancour of their own countrymen. How can it be

supposed that capital will flow into a country so
harassed and so persecuted? in which the most or-
dinary guarantees of popular freedom and indivi-
dual rights are completely set aside, and the old
traditions of civil law and liberty are overriden
without scruple? Under the existing rule, while
senators and representatives are quarrelling about
the rival claims of white and black, both negroes
and planters are in danger of starvation. But who
will invest money in the cultivation of land that
may any day be taken from him? Who will till
the ground when he is uncertain of his wages?
who will speculate, who will'advance money or give
Lcredit to men in such t condition? Even the Radi-

cals must allow that the Southern States, as they
are at present, are a source of national weakness,
and they may thank the breadth of the Atlantic
rather than their own administrative powers, that
no foreigner has yet availed himself of the ready
opportunity which they offer to the enemies of the
once United States.

LATEST INTELL MENGE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

FRANCE.
M. MAGNES' FINANCIAL STATEMENT.

PARIS, Jan. 27.

The Moniteur of this morning publishes M.
Magne's report upon the financial condition of
France. According to this statement, on the Ist
December, 1867, the floating debt amounted to 936
million francs. In consequence of events beyond
control, the receipts of the Bu3get of 1867 show a
deficit of 26 millions as compared with the esti-
mates. Adding to this the extraordinary credit
voted by the Corps Legislatiff on the 31st May,
1867, of 158 millions, and the cost of the
expedition to Rome, there is a total of
189 millions of francs necessary to cover
the outlay occasioned by the events of 1867.
The report denotes various augmentations of ex-
pense which will be felt by the budgets of 1868
and 1869, and concludes that supplementary re-
sources to the amount of 82 millions of francs
will be required to be shared between those two
years. The report calls to mind that it is neces-
sary to reform the war materials and the fleet, in
the interest of the defence of the country and of
the national honour. From reports submitted to
the Ministries of War and Marine, a sum of 187
millions ought to be devoted to that object.
It would, however, be illusory to suppose
that these resources would suffice to cover
every requirement, but relative to the
war material every essential would be therewith
met. The details of his urgent importance would
be completed in proportion to the annual resources.
The report concludes by proposing a loan of 440
millions of francs, which would meet all exigencies.
The funds in the army dotation chest are not dis-
posable. The loan will be negotiated by public
subscription. The report proposes to divide the
monthly payments of the loan into twenty instal-
ments.

THE SWISS CONSTITUTION.
BERNE, Jan. 27.

A popular vote was taken yesterday in the
Canton of Zurich upon the question of revision of
the Constitution. The revision by the constitutional
council was decided upon by 47,776 votes to 10,057.

AMERICA.
ARRIVAL OF THE AMERICA.
(Via Southampton.)

(Noon.)
Mr. Stanton has nNoEtwpaYsseßdKn Jan.nyofie 15
official orders.

OUTWARD CALCUTTA, CHINA, AND
AUSTRALIAN MAILS.

GIBRALTAR, Jan. 26.

The Ceylon, from Southampton 25th inst., ar-
rived at 10 p.m. yesterday.
She experienced ter-
rific weather in the Bay of Biscay, lost three boats,
decks swept, bulwarks, bridge,
and Post-offs; in-
jured ; ship's galley sma3hod, and figure-head
carried away. Damage being repaired here.
Otherwise, everything all right and well. Ship
leaves at 4 p.m. to-day for Alexandria.

THE BOMBAY MAIL.
SuEz, Jan. 26.
The Baroda, from Bombay on the 14th inst., ar-
rived at 4 p.m. to-day.

FRA.N

main feature is a
very moderate,
yetß pOrUißceSsE,wJeAllNs.up2pso._
rtedl' r, aannsda c tt ihoen s
—'
slight increase of confidence.
Three o'clock. --The market closed as follows :-
41 per Cent. ...... 99 90 Bank Shares 3203
End of month... —•— Italian Loan 42 85
3 per Cent
on.
h.. 68 35 End of mouth_ 42 821
End of month... 68 30 Mexican Loan l7 _
Credit Mobilier ... 167 50 Do. Bonds
End of month... 167 50 Spanish Threes
Credit Foncier ...1387 50 Home Debt 33 75
End of m0uth...1385 Deferred
___

Account
Orleans 875
Northern 1153f
Lyons and I\lediterranean n_,
Southern..... Z3‘7Bl
Western 565
Eastern ............
Sardinian
Austrian
Lombard
North of Spain
Saragossa
Roman

BAIL'

MARK.E7S.-:(This Day.)

CORN.

With some improvement in the Nveasttheeard,iltyhodeaviclooupnedts.
arbeslep.oeting farming operations are rather more favour-
there was a fair attendance, with
come is to 2s higher, and of other grain the turn against
From T hemfiorsmt lolstshienptrhoevitnrcaidel quotationsmisarbkeoitns6Y
tuterofeondition, but the
buyers.
r odescriptionsporbtibetter
seocfondaly qualid-
pro nee, and
an generally.
,mst
inquiryunoAEprupetqp;M,evi
stzats
rrehdko u bvll ahipanfresoieasrit to-day
eaa
sl a
severalirno e
ratherp
ties. For all good samples there was a steady sale, at is
advance.
Foreign wheat was more firmly held, and purchases
could only be effected on advanced terms, say is more than
on this day week.
both Flour was in moderate demand, and bo,,
English and
foreign the turn dearer. Grinding barley sold steadily at
slightly higher rates, and inaltinc,
0 was also the turn
higher. Beans realised full prices. Peas fully as dear.
Malt sustains its value fully, but meets only a quiet sale.
Oats sold on terms favouring the importer.
NEWGATE AND LEADENUALL.
MEAT,—The dead meat markets have been quiet but
spcliAesT.;ToLurEpi:lvAionu:EqTuo.tations
The supply of live stock to-day was moderate and the
trade brisk. Of beasts there wore 2,775 English, 50
Scotch, 390 Irish, and 715 foreign, making 3,930 in all.
striteitaydby(3ttMETßOPOLlTANh e
repeated. moderate
The Beef trade was brisk, and prices rather higher.
Of sheep there wore 16,880, including 1,010 foreign.
The demand was steady, and quotations unaltered.
Of calves there were 102, the proportion of foreign be-
ing 48.

' A fair demand prevailed for veal, at higher prices.
Pork sold slowly, at previous rates ; 310 pigs at market.
Quotations :—Beef, 3s
5s 6d to 6s ; pork, 3s to 4s.
to 58; mutton, 3s 4d to 5s ; veal,

PROVISIONS.
The butter trade was here generally brisk, and fine
makes hava supported their value, secondary sorts selling
unevenly. Fine Friesland, this morning, quoted 1245.
COLONIALAND FOREIGN PRODUCE.
SUGAR.—There is not much inquiry, and the market is
without appreciable alteration.
COFFEE remains steady in value, with a moderate in-
quiry.
RICE is inactive, but not lower.
COTTON meets a good demand, and maintains an upward
tendency.

OlLS.—Linseed is firmer at 34s 9d; rape steady at 35s
for brown English.

-
TURPENTINE quoted 28s Gd.
METALS much lower.

COTTON.
LIVERPOOL, Jan.
27.—Tire market opened steadily at
Saturday's rates. Sales probably 12,000 bales.

STEAM SHIPBUILDING ON THE CLYDE.—Messrs.
Henderson, Coulburn, and Co., of Renfrew, have launched
a composite screw of 850 tons, built for the East India
trade. This vessel has boon named the Sakura, and she is
now being fitted by the builders with a pair of compound
engines of 110 horse power, nominal. Messrs. R. Duncan
and Co., of Port Glasgow, have contracted to build a
paddle for Messrs. J. Brynsner and Co,, of Greenock.
Messrs. Robertson aud Co. have contracted with Mr. J.
Kincaid, of Glasgow, to build and engine a saloon steamer
for the South American river trade. This will make tne
sixth Yessol 11011, on hand by Zoom liobertson, anti Co,

CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS.

(FRODI OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.

PARIS, SUNDAY, Jan. 24.

Dumas has presented to the Senate the report of the
cemmission on the new Army Bill. It is a curious docu-
ment, made up of excuses, first addressed to those who
deem it an addition to the burdens of the country, and
second, to those who supposed the power of substitution, of
re-enlistment, and whatever other concessions to popular
feeling the bill contains, needed apology. This kind of
apology is a recognition of the alarm and disgust which
the Army Bill has unmistakeibly created throughout the
nation. We learn from the International one of those
facts which you often need to go abroad to learn, that the
prefects of eighty-seven out of eighty-nine departments
have reported that the bill is regarded by the
populations under them with undisguised dislike.
To efface this feeling the Emperor himself wrote the
pamphlet referred to by the Patrie. That they will not
succeed I feel certain. But there is a curiosity about the
way in which the justification is being attempted. As
your readers are aware, political publications require a
stamp. Yet the numerous brochures that are in circula-
tion M. Paris in defence of the Army Law bear no stamp.
The question is, first, is that a political subject? second,
how would the Government treat the publishers
and editors of similar brochures to the Exposé
Succinct if they resort to the same method to
attack the law? As to the merits of the scheme,
the public do not take the same -view of the four
years in the reserve which the Government wish them to
take. They look at the fact that nine years of service
will be required, and though the term of active service is
reduced from seven to five years, they cannot be persuaded
that the reduction in one direction compensates for the
aggravation in the other. Then, again, there is no dis-
guising the fact that the yearly contingent " has increased,
' is increasing, and ought to be diminished." Under the
Royalty, after the fall of Bonaparte, there were seven
contingents of 60,000 men, and an army of 420,000 men ;
under the Republic of 1848, seven contingents of 80,000
men ; under the Empire of 1852, seven contingents of
100,000 men; now there are to be nine contingents and a
total army of 1,250,000 men. The chances of the French-
man's escaping the military net arc therefore growing less
and less.

The frienis of Count Montalembert—and there are
many in England—will be glad to hear that he has so far
recovered his health as to resume his pen. It is in
the old cause—Poland. The death at Paris of Ladislas
Zamoyski, the Polish patriot and exile, furnished
the occasion. It is unnecessary to say that Mon-
talembert's biographical sketch is brillant : and it
reads like an eloquent speech. I must give one short
passage to illustrate its force :—" The 19th century,
which already inclines towards its close, will have in the
course of its history nothing more grand, more touching,
or more impressed with moral beauty to shew than Poland,
vanquished, proscribed, and abandoned by the world
What a spectacle and what a lesson—a nation in mourning
and in blood that will not die—a race of unconquerable
men and women surviving all species of torture, of treason,
and of calamity. Its :existence is at once a defiance and
an appeal—a defiance flung at the insolence of fortune—an
appeal to the slow justice of an avenging God ! Forgotten,
disdained, calumniated by triumphant iniquity, by selfish
opulence, by sycophants of the successful, insupportable
to the vanquishers and the prosperous of this world, it
stands, like Mordecai before Hainan, immovably resolved
never to forget, never to despair, never to capitulate—an
incomparable type of suffering, of sacrifice, of untiring
patience, of indignant patriotism ; martyrs and invincible
confessors not only of the faith that is in them, but of
right, of country, and of liberty."
The press prosecution has passed through the first act.
A fine of I,ooof. (E4O) and the costs has been inflicted on
each of the ten journals. This is the penalty for publish-
ing a summary of the debates in the Legislative Chambers
for the sake of discussion merely, instead of the official

reports given to the press. It is regarded as the most
vexatious prosecution to which the Parisian press has yet
had to submit. The decision just given renders it all but
an impossibility for the French press to discuss the
debates at all. Everybody now feels that the law
must be altered. The discussion on the new press
law, which should begin next Thursday, is looked
forward to rectify a state of the law which virtually
annihilates free discussion. It is stated that an amend-
ment is in contemplation to give the papers liberty
to discuss the sittings of the Chambers with or without
the official compte-renia. The present decision condemns
the journalists without enlightening them. It leaves un-
certain how much of speeches they may quote in the ar-
ticles in which they are discussed, or whether they may
discuss at all speeches which they do not report in full from
the official account. Under the new law editors will not
be liable to imprisonment, but they will still be subject to
heavy fines. One of the most striking instances of the
severity of the present discipline is the case of the Franche
Comte, the editor of which dared to dispute the correct-
ness of a communique by a provincial prefect, and has been
sent to prison for twenty-four days, without the power of
A good story is told of a poor man who fell among
thieves recently, and who adopted a novel and successful
way of bringing the police to his assistance. He set up
the cry lustily " Vive la Republique." The sergents de
tille were there in an instant. Seditious cries gave wings
to their heels. A man in one of the departments, by a
similar expedient, got a night's lodgings a few days ago.
Refused admittance at the office of the commissaire, he
began to sing the " Marseillaise." That was enough, he
was soon lodged by the police. The poor fellow was ac-
quitted on consideration of the facts of the grave charge
of seditious cries, but for vagahondage he was incarcerated
a whole month.