The Sun.
London, England, 1850-04-26 00:00:00

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N'.l7 968,] - LONDON FRIDAY
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ICK CALLS: from the DIARY of a
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By the Rev. EDWARD PRICE, M.A. -
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NEW VOL. OF SOUTHEY'S LIFE AND LETTER.i.
THE FOURTH VOLUME of the LIFE and
CORRESPONDENCE of the late ROBERT SOUTH EY,
edited by his Son, the Rev. C. C. SOUTHEY, 31. A., will be published
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WITH ADDITIONAL CORRECTIONS,—THE RED BOOK
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•-

The 'valuable FREEHOLD FARM of OADBY, 'within three or four
miles of Leicester, on the high road to Market Harborough ; also

the Advowson.
MESSRS. DANIEL SMITH and SON will
SELL by AUCTION, in July or August next (unless an
acceptable offer should be previously made by Private Treaty),
This capital FREEHOLD and nearly Tithe-free ESTATE, offer-
ing a most safe and superior property for investment ; comprising, ill
a ring fence, about 164 acres of first-rate land, with good fam,
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spectable tenant, under a lease, at a low rent.
Also, in a separate lot, the Advowson of the Vicarage of Oadby, of
which the income Is about 2701. a year.

Further particulars will be shortly putdished, and in the mean•
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DR. C ULVERWELL'S NEW WORKS.
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price One Shilling each; by post, Is. 6d.

ENJOYMENT OF LIFE.
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Corrgrrs:—Early Rising—Spring and Summer Mornings—Ex-
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—Music—The Drama— On Eating, Drinking, Sleeping, Bathing, Air,
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A VISIT TO THE LAKES; SKETCI OF EDINZURGII,

Vol.

THE LAKES OF KILLARNEY; REMINISCENCES OF
DUBLIN, &c.
111.
WHAT TO EAT, DRINK, AND AVOID.
" That three score years and ten our course may run."
A popular review of almost every form (cause and cure) of ner-
vously-debilitated health and enfeebled constitution, that harasses
the yonng, besets the man of pleasure, business, or study, and em-
bitters old age, with tables and rules for the diet and physical regu-
lation of every-day life.
IV.
THE PASSIONS.
•
" What passions hurt the body—what improve,
Truths as reined as Athens ever heard." _

SUBJECT :—Lite's pilgrimage, from infancy to old age. The advent
of the passions. Chastity and its infringements. Tho casualties of
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and remediative. Advocacy of early marriages.

THE MARRIAGE STATE.
" To be or not to be, that is the question."

rItOGRAMMII :—Laws and obligations of nature, society, and re-
ligion regarding marriage, to be observed by either sex. Time and
choice, on both sides, as to age, temperament, complexion, and
figure, to secure healthy offspring, with the art of rearing tkem.
Physical defectiveness and its removal. Sterility and its conversion.
Cases, &c.
By R. J. CIILVEEWELL, M.D. (1841), M.R.C.S. (1827), L.S.A.
(1824). Twenty-five years Medical and Forensic Referee in these
matters. IZeception hours daily till five. Evenings, sevea till nine.
10 Argyll. place. Regent-street

TPIIRTY-FIRST EDITION.
Il nstrated by 26 Anatomical Coloured Engravinm on Steel.
ON PHYSICAL DISQUALIFICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCA-
PACITY, AND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE.
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by post, direct from the Establ' shment, Ys. 6d. in postage stamps,
THE SILENT FRIEND, a Medical Work on
IL the infirmities and decay of the generative system, from ex-
cessive indulgence, infection, and the inordinate us* of mercury,
with remarks on Marriage, and the means of obviating certain dis-
qualifications. Illustrated by 26 Coloured Eniravings. By R. and
L. PERRY and CO., Consulting Surg,ons, 19, Berners-street, Ox-
ford-street, London. I'ublished by the Authors : sold by Strange,
11, Paternoster-row ; Hannay, 63, and Sanger. 150, Oxford-street ;
storie, 23, Titchborne-street, Haymarket; and Gordon, 146, Leaden-
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PART I. treats of the anatomy and physiology of the re-productive
organs,rAuT and.
ti
rs ltus sot rf a ttehde bey.
nSsiexq
uCeonl
co
eusr edr gurnagy ifigms .
excessive in-
dulgence, and their lamentable effects on the system, producing
mental and bodily weakness, nervous excitement, and generative
incapacity. Illustrated by Three Explanatory Engravings.
Year iii. treats of the diseases resulting from infection, either in
the primary or secondary form, and contains explicit directions fur
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Engravings.
I'ART Iv. contains a Remedy for the Prevention of Disease by a
simple application, by which the danger of infection is obviated.
This important part of the Work should not escape the reader's
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PART T. is devoted to the consideration of marriage, and its du-
ties. The causes of unproductive union are also considered, and the
whole subject critically and philosophically inquired into.
Time CORDIAL BALM OF STRIACUM is exclusively employed in
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' 4 mys frOXI2 Xllferell to Ono

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Musical Director and Conductor, M. LAURENT, jun.
This ACADEMY, for Tuition and Practice of DANCING, is
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• •
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and GOs_ per 112 lbs. ; yel ow, 445., 504., and 565. ; Windsor son ,
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Tb'o.iubsCription-room will be opened cn Saturday, the
,Ith of May, fir comparing books on the Chester Cup.

,BATH STEEPLE CIIASES.—THURSDAY.
A Free Handicap of 5 sovs. each, and 40 added; the
s,,eond to save his st lex. 4 miles. (19 Subs.)
Mr. Vevor's Vengeance, lOst
Mr. Her hPS'i Tipperary Iloy, last
Mr. Cooke's Verax, lOst 31b
The:following also run;--Lord .Lurgan's Fugif ye,
list 51b, (Baidley)—M,. Cartweight's Thulgarton,
lOst 61b (Daveni or!) Mr. O'Key's Maurice Ddey,
(Arclabold)—Mr. Hughes's Miss Collingwood,
(Tasker)—Mr. Holroes's Vixen, 94, 10ib (011iver)—Mr.
Elmore's Agitator, 9st 101 b (Areber)— W. A. Sait's
Alexander, 9st 71b (0 wner)— Mr. AJ.4.(tici's Sarah Sykes,
9;t 71b (Higgins)—Captain Greenii Treasurer, 9st 7113
(Boyce) —Mr. Routle's Recruit, 9st 41b (12,e(1)—Capt.
West's L'ttle Nun, 9st 41b (Vivian)—Mr. Evans's Tam-
worth, 9st 41b (Burrows)—Mr. Chilingwortb's Fowick,
8s; 101 b (Tweedy)—Captain Barnett's India Rubber,
Bst 101 b (James)—and Mr. Brick's Fairy, Bst lib
(Rolph). Won by half a neck.
The Bath Hunt Steeplechase Stakes of 5 sovs. each, 2
fc, and 25 added, the second to save his stake. Four'
miles. (5 Subs.)
Mr. Lansley's Gentleman (G-. Lansley) 1
Mr. G. Gambrell's Lottery (Owner) 2
The Scurry Stakes of 2 sovs. each, 1 fc, and 10 added.
Heats. Two Miles.; (4 Subs.)
Mr. Taylor's bay gelding, list
Mr: Bryant's Dolphin, list -
Mr. 'Johnson's Vivandiere, list 71b
CURRAGH APRIL MEETENG.—WEDNESDAY.

The attendance this day
was miserablei
not more than twenty persons haying come down bmiserable in the extreme,
y the
train from Dublin. The great event of the meetinc, (the
Wellingtons) brought only five, out of fourteen that no
cepted, to the post, and wee won after a magnificent race
between Dough and BalHosted by the latter by a neck.
-Bullion won the Free Handicap Sweepstakes of 10 sovs.,
25 added, by a doz.n lengths. The Corinthian Stakes,
with which the day's amusement concluded, was a capi-
tal race, and won on the post by only halt a length, well
and steadily piloted by Mr. W. Poulett, of the 2d, or
Queen's.
The winner of the Madrids, Captain Grant,, has been
challenged by Brother to Johnny and St. John; it will
be run off this day, when fine sport may be expected.
Wellington Stakes, 20 sovs., h tt. Thre years old Course.
Mr. Irwin's ch f Ballinsfad, 6 yrs, Bst 91b...(Wynne) 1
Mr. Murphy's eh c Dough, 5 yrs, Sat 101b...(Magee) 2
Mr. Disney's b c Victory, 3 yrs, 6st 91b (Jones) 3
Lord Waterford's f Queen Margaret, 3 yrs, Est 101 b 0
Free Handicap of 10 sous., h It, with 25 sovs.. added.
Mr. E. Power's Bullion, Bst 111 b ... (Dawson) 1
Mr. Foster's oh g Lord G. Bentinck, Bst 61b (Kenny) 2
Mr. Irwin's Se eet Norah, Bst 51b
Sweekstakes, 10 sovs., h ft, fir hunters, racers admit-
ted, 20 soya. added. One mile and a half on the Pe,l
Course.

Lord Waterford's Duc•an•Durras, 5 yrs (Mr. Poulett) 1
Mr. Quin's ch c Farewell, 5 yrs (Mr. Kennedy) 2
Mr. Williamson's ch g Poor Yorick, 5 yrs (Mr. Peel) 3

AMERICA AND AUSTRALIA.

The Jutland and Sleswick pirates, who fourteen
centuries ago performed the great achievement of
conquering and colonising Britain, have since,
in the parsons of their descendants, achieved the
still greater feat of colonising and settling, while
they are in a fair way of conquering and occupying, a
whole continent, to the destruction or absorption of
every other race. The Anglo-Saxon population of
America, in fact, constitutes, at this moment, a people
more numerous and mighty than any European nation
of the period when their emigration commenced. The
very same people is now engaged in achieving ano- 1
they great, although not equally great enterprise, the
colonisation of another continent, Australia; and the
Australian colonies, within sixty years of their first
foundation, are already calling loudly for self and
responsible government, which is, by more than a
century, sooner thanithe American colonies made a
similar claim. We have not the least doubt but that
it will be to the mutual and permanent advantage of
both parties, that these demands of the colonists,
which are in no respect unreasonable, should be
liberally and readily granted.
The better to understand our position in relation
to them, let us compare the two continents alluded to.
America has a greater extent of territory, and there-
fore more room for expansion than Australia. Its
natural products are more valuable, its soil is more fer-
tile, and its climates more varied and propitious to ve-
getation. Its greatest superiority over Australia, how-
ever, consists in its magnificent water communication,
—its great rivers, its splendid lakes, its navigable es-
tuaries, and its commodious harbours. Finally, it
possesses the vast advantage of being only one-sixth
part of the distance that Australia is from the civili-
sation and markets of Europe.
Let us now see what Australia is. It is said to
contain three millions of square miles. But of this
we take it that about one-half, or all of it that lies
north of the twenty-fif,h degree of south latitude,
is unfit for our use as Europeans, and, ince. pro-
bably, for the profitable use of any people, on
account of the comparative sterility of the land,
or what in such a situation is equivalent to sterility,
the drought of the climate. But for these great and,
we fear, insuperable disadvantages, the tropical
portion of Australia might have been peopled
from industrious and teeming China, which,
with the help of steam navigation, is at an easy dis-
tance. Notwithstanding this serious deduction from
its available area, Australia has extent enough for the
abode of a great people, as what remains is equal to
near twenty Britains, or above seven countries as
large as France.
The absence of good water communication is the
greatest defect of Australia. It has not one great
river which at once penetrates deeply into the coun-
try and communicates by a navigable course with
the sea. The best of its rivers are not equal to
those of the fourth or fifth order in America, and it
has no lake at all of commercial value. Another
almost equally great disadvantage is frequent and
long-continued droughts, even of its southern parts,
which, however, as strength and wealth increase, may
in time be at least mitigated by the erection of great
works of irrigation, such as those on which the exist-
ence of whole populations depend in the warmer re-
gions of Asia.
In salubrity of climate Australia has a great su-
periority, not only over America, but over every
other country. For the rearing of sheep and the
production of fine wool, it may be said to possess
almost a natural monopoly ; and in this respect,
it will soon become as necessary to us, and pro-
bably
as important, as America is for the growth of
cotton. Its adaptation of pastoral husbandry is such,
indeed, that we have often thought, had it been set-
tled by 'Tartars or Arabs, or even by Anglo-Saxons
of the time of Hengist and Horse, that it would have
been now thinly inhabited, by pomade hordes, mere
shepherds and robbers, if there was any one
i
to rob. One mmense advantage Australia possesses
over America, which must not be omitted—the total
absence of a servile population and an alien race. In
America the bondsmen form a fourth part of the
i
whole population, and n Australia little more than one
sixtieth, speedily to vanish altogether.
If the comparison between America and Australia
have reference to the facility of achieving and main-
taining independence, all the advantages are unques-
tionably on the side of Australia. It is at least six
times as far away from Europe; and a military force
sufficient to have even a chance of coercing the colo-
nists could not get at them in less than four months,
while the voyage would force it to run the gauntlet
of the equator and both tropics. When it
reached its destination, supposing its landing to be
unopposed, it would have to march every step to
seek the insurgents, for there is neither river nor
estuary to transport it into the interior of the country.
The colonists, rifle in hand, and driving their flocks
and herds before them to the privation of the invader,
would of course take to the bush, and do so with im-

punity, being without tents or equipage, or risk of
starvation, having a wholesome sky over their heads,
and abundant food in their cattle. With a thorough
knowledge of localities, the colonial riflemen, under
such circumstances, would be more than a match for
regular troops, and could pick off soldiers with more
ease than they bring down the kangaroo or opossum.
We should look, however, to the number and cha-
racter of the Australian population. In 1828 the
total colonial population of Australia was 53,000, of
whom a large proportion were convicts. In 1843 it
was 300,000, of which the convicts were but 6,000.
In the two years since, 37,000 emigrants have pro-
ceeded thither, and the total population at this mo-
ment cannot be less than 350,000. It has, there-
fore, been multiplied in twenty-two years' time by
near seven-fold ; and if it should go on at this rate
of increase, in the year 1872 it will amount to close
on two millions and a-half, which is a greater popu-
lation than that of the old American colonies at the
declaration of independence, and after an existence of
175 years. Such a population, or the one half of it,
would, from numbers, position, and resources, be un-
conquerable.
Such is a true picture, we conceive, of the position
in which we stand in relation to our Australian colo-
nies. Meanwhile the colonists are loyal, affectionate,
and devoted, and (the result of absence and distance)
with really warmer feelings towards the mother
country than those they left behind them. It will be
the part of wisdom on our side to keep them in this
temper. They demand nothing that is unreasonable,
—nothing that it is not equally for their advantage
and ours that we should promptly and freely concede.
They ask for responsible government, and doing so
1 they ask for no more than what is possessed by