The Sun.
London, England, 1850-04-30 00:00:00

T 11

14,1
pot,ePr,chated altegether an annuity of 301. A further
ee,aill to be given under the Act would be that of per-
cltefF4a..!lica to be paid to a party at the leur-
-100..s sdl• The Government would no doubt have
etite;'acantainst the risk of bad lives, which, in the caseau_
hone, fee ".seotnpanies, notwithstanding all their
pert)
ahc:piie,ntly caused a loss; but he proposed tPhraPtethe.
beity. ~,11,n at the same time purchase a deferred an
prof+ at proposed, therefore, that if a party wished
should
hoe ti:e'l,ltohuity for his widow or children he shou,
of
144. Pulver to convert the payment upon ' death into,
0 . IV, He _
any ii,f would be very happy to avail. hiine.o
tiers`
he ?relation that could be furnished He be-
blin,
been
eseNve, !ad acted On the suggestions that had
The que,t(ef:_to hitnfrora various parts of the country. i
cster;
ails',l? one into which no party feeling ccrald
stithee„o4". !timbers were actuated by one
.feelingw;io
was teeJeet--that which would be best for thos. -
esiis 11 deeply intereetei. He should be ready to re-
11111'ae4:144dszi'lgs'egions, therefore, which would tend to
soetie tot of the measure. For the interest o.f th._e
.
ktistuf beluftBBes sa. vings banks Acre roost valuab.e ins2i
14
tao 'llllll3 opieion the establishment of annuities
tt% (lifer° valuable still. He had d.ne his hest to meet
el hceiv'uthilies of the case; and ho was sincerely anxious,
thetefri_s silte was every Member in the House, to meet
kr, irate of those concerned —(Hear.)
'het 'edetiMihtl, said he had directed his attention to the
ltli for t, 0 rettee of the House for the last 30 years,
qthe oboe last 12 years he had directed the.at • ti,
/`/4•1 est ancellor of the Exchequer to the subject.
_ll.O 414 be shrprited at the amouut of the loss stated .
tttbllloebegiiataedrtetshde; but he vet. • much regretted to sty
eoti e to
ear 0 Right tII Geatlernan would not
~attltrx,h_ , ,
e•-7 u. )12 p an. .
Hon-
The 44 ttire
,41 h ee deludtd by the Savings
.Banks Act;,
people of the
%NI, .otltr pledged to the safe keeping
4Y of the depot
4 qo,e. s. -Dee Act of . of the
Oefer4., Qteent answerable for the sum invested in
ksbese'seet a ecatities. This left the depositors, liable
e
htletester „,414 robberies of all kinds. At Tralee,
'", hi% r-,,,'' at for years the dune of one of the trustees;
;05.,?,...0,:rt• J.luya. a'-9 opinion' the Government shout
iikj.r alone ",-; 131Pga—either leave the esoio ,ot O3ura to the depositors the w•Ltui
ravings of the
Ih4t lli ii"Y* /10 (Mr Hum-) had always rt gretfed cipio ",ktosteninent, *had delta; ed from the prltiln-
11°410tic:t :filo first savings bank established
cola
elle ,44 11813—the We tern Provident Institution
111 tt4Y * ' ' "
, tee 1). ,very pound deposited
ern-
into
Zt,,41511r t'latieSto::kl; itself lhi.tsheoptiwansaikosno'cfo Inhveer
Gt
buyingeody into
41111"..11‘45 or ken
dts'l;ol .tDit eand save him the expense
1:1t. ipalf°:tfi,el:- whicti hesl Zni would incur' if he did so him-
,"44 to th r',4e.y had not done so long since a great
was
the de-
''itois- es‘l4rrnment while it was no gain to
;°t°o„oool.'lti,lirty yeia.rs the Government. had paid
,•tIY • 14,0 than it had received, which was ce-
ll,. Win, t •
i.„.11 IN hii...,0 the mismanagement of the savings banks.
i"`l'oti- al it :!ortied from the difference in the rate of
I.j"4lietep'ctuletl;,:s.was certain that if the. Government had
:-*1 to "iolf the responsibility, it would not have
4 telllll,l 11' llf so much. •The Act of 1844 had taken
10;•..er:al?.(moiliility on the part
tle,„ lie If, 'a therefore, no security f
of. the_or Government.
tette 4(153 `sorry that the Right Honourable Gen-
the doposi-
;',.ics b., ta nothing about ra,:lting the losses
good .
,___.
IN 4,11 s ,ti B • i b depositors, because neoal-T,_
IL itaf - ustoane . y
„.4Pti io the" Tn'y penny so lost was lost through c
rill-
Nt alfs, liove ament. In his opinion, the .
111141 "li'd I cake th • Iresponsible for these losses,
Nth sec„.. em 4e ITS resp
17f ;,"I all future depo•its• but he doubted. very
!tel:its"t'l-dd not be better' to adopt the Scotch
//,‘'rest from4l ration since 1818, whereby banks allowed.
sill ea , the day ' which money was deposited.
ailltilie'sl,s!lcreat command tf means to the commerce
e
i4tito'citfl",(tures of the country, while it secured t .
etjte th rltll'l Poor To adopt this system would re
It;l3(esiebirit(rerernent from all' interference, and remove
t,_l Ai, Y' of loss to the State. He (Mr. Hume) ob-
•'itleis" t,) the State becoming an insuring body,
14 el that tli, .
ti entelie .re were sufficient
oar° %do et.: Ind also that it was quite unnecessatrye. In
444111,11; would be tar better to take. off 11
thel
et"Qt,tharistY tip to 100/, and thus afford facilities for .
b,`149. Ile to
1' overt the,/ State into an insurance COM_
~,,"41)., '',Jlteite agreed however, with the limits pro
Rt4l.Plic.atele fight lion'. Gentleman.' The, plan was too
'llt is ,$) in his opinion, and he considered it was
la Sit ti ,„"'0 Government to adopt it.
r tile ' vtILLOUGI-11Y said the question to decide
nkticseba„t!'leas this—who were to be the responsible.
t'ketlaq,;"`Atr the 13111? It was not the fact of geettianTgi
li'eceit 4 number of high names that made
thiti'llless4l,llll3'ion. The Commissioners for the
'r rs —en': - were all high persons, but they had
cos efsPeatuble duties to perform. cos b.t1143/ th Ms
4,,,,, .4ti , 0 blaster o thewsapseakanerothwears,
fßollsThe
th-e`vatit,tats,3etton of the Exchequer was another, the
ithr,stid ti. yreneral of the Court of Chancery was ano-
t,,' lees 'el Ohaneellor of the Exchequer was another.
(..-4 time': °Ms the only working man of the Commission; -Add
1;44e, dg ht arise invvhichthat public functionary.
!,,l)ers i'",, he trusted.—(Laughter.) It appeareci
theby
4N° r° the House that the Commissioners of
Pelt 41,1 Debt had power to sell ail the savings bank
44,44 t,':pthayert it into Exohequer-bills, and vice versa,
e ye, - atioes of this character which took place in
I1,114°,001.;1832 and 1833, 1833 and 1836, and 1840,
Rotet4'ell I* of Three-and-a-Quarter per Coat. stock had
saction
t,,iTe ;,„44d 7.500 000/. bought. This tra°
tsPe: se/ not for sa'vings bank purposes, but for some 7,
li:eheal cinlY known to the Governruent:4
'Jell '''-bills t extent of 19,000,000/. were
In 1836-
t 4
~taa,otir.._ ), the
tzAtziBtc, „it
ortat,,osf the
Isavinsgs banks, and stock to
This involved
sold.
-o shy
tli31•118 iol the- 01900 was
the number of 2,120
-11 latter t
fetll.) Ile f),„,
C the number tinleber of 1,300 or 1,400.
Sir H. Willoughby)
lit)o'ti),(1:-te:4t4eZulati on
lit th()„.1)Ilet transactions(
of interest. That
involved a loss of
'itt-'„,liee t-gilsie of the includingdeficit,teanid the question that raised
1ter5,11,1414 t1:11,°„t Only what right had the Government to
telti!te fhemer interest, but also what right it had to
thtZ•they Lanegs.banks deposits in the manner in
(Sir H. Willoughby)
s," es e47,"41 been handled. I e
),0,,t%acl "
R,. ed on the Noble Lord at the head of the
bt‘sine.. --e• to consider whether some real, efficient,
that
s.°l'o ' sYstom could not be established instead of
s". It tv
till
tali-141114
dee clear thatldthhee mishandling of the
prevented by law;
ttiletisC'leet this etr.sits should
13 William IV.,
_ section should be
Nor ed. To th , or tk of, 415 .L.,... 0
flight Hon. Gentleman the late Chan-
=eh cessation
itt ps,,,,e7.4oefhtquer was. due and owing
savings-bank stock into
kid r*ll'4-bills converting
bh Aktia,„ •t. and vice versa. To. release. trustees
tim Pre4l. banks
Pa
4 "1.3
of savings from liability
n of
was to set
elegy'het , lhol upon carelessness; and the reduction
it4erl-,(,:;ll,tts°!_ interest upon deposits would be, he felt
many parties. If the
114,!_octioo
of
sty disagreeable
ot
de
;a 9th Geo. IV htoad not been repealed,
k'be d " have been no loss-at all to the Government
ePooltors.
k % 5 ol,p
%11 64,-"AMFORD expressed the great disappoint-
''' 11 - 4eit that the Chancellor of the Exchequer ;gave.
b445Pe °I the coal depositor of the deposits to those unfortu
t.ttil
7e40 in who beent.tho victims of misplaced
In Rochdale no less
11;111., :11,Par?...1...,wits abstracted; though through the exete:
tha' 'q.l23'!`"ees of the trustees,
• bility of
the depositors would.
losses 14 the pound. The moral responsibility kti„, rested • hthe Government, because the dee
%eta, ?ra htli, . with
had Government as
141, ity for .r!cl that they the
There was
ref et the
.'_ueir money behind the trustee;.there
was none in
44,,ty. ,tlerablance of security, but
f re not from
"1' els The
Dour people euffered,. there e /
h G 9.
41 4l fault b ' f the law; and t o
1p Alei,l
..._ , butt from tl.at o
it
~,_. waifs' consequently
d to mike good the
's 4 which as bound
act of cruelty
ow it the ad bees sustained. It was an
hard-earned
11,1' Iroi in se Poor people to invest their
security.
IDe allY.wa that did not afford . perfect Rath 6 i orer cies Y i urged by persons . i
ikk, lirlY
to ityve stesh 11'
td
13'
een
in these banks—he him-
, 144. a o_. ,s t ea: s,sving!
h recommendation, and
eeet, l_sett 11;4..._e4
to part, in
k the Isinvesto:s ought to be.
Qol,lllrtired
aiThavin,thti t
placede under the prctsction of
' 1414' T 'e• been
between rich and poor.
41,, 'tins) f re case was one
tOasesef:::t %%43 most important to teach the labour-
cared for by
tiea''tats, u,st their interests were equally
let,a am,
_.; teat, ill fact, there was butlass for the
one
could not
tlsie
nwhother for the poor.--(Hear.) He
of the in-
-I,,_'°*te otitartunity pass of speaking
.in behalf
pia
44 Is Pr •
Ni •
.ik un,ering constittuents.
told
115 414 sti'dthe Right Hon. Gentleman '4oteel obse the a i
prospective Bill, and depre•
fight
4114
. 11l
was
a thought it would not
nt,t io Jos to the past. lie
been deluded into
elloitsstiteg irrst, to thew who had
that no allusion
40 14 ti
_att,avings banks, to agree. 0.. t
it
would be
eititot tfof'st de to the past. He thought
had
been dis-
til... (k tot
°, allude to those cases which. ,4% - kiread • He did not
fthe public.
pso,riceeitif the ?" were be. /re
fr
Montrose that no
hat I'''" whet on. Member 0
de to protect the
to 4ss4. , eye:. in the Bill was ma
aprovision
1 l!le oe• ne believed, on the contrary, that.
the tsetse.tw Bill was inserted which would protect
to
d in-
toTo-
et‘tilt, e he believed no provision was introduecrcest
oughtP
15 the alterllosent. The system of paying interest
accounts ought
4.41 e revi:sui and the system of keeping
em.
er
of
a!,:! Dear Re .Re thought, OR the 20th November 0
f every
111)14gal:44'i:it a stated hour, the accounts
be added
Nr4l4l,theel 11.ould be closed, and the balancelf
attention
et: terned checked by the general balance.
ht
was certain
!its' Rrekf te this part of the subject,e
He would
b„t ttilltd,. good would be derived from
.
fthe Govern-
int %,,e.! to the past, and would show-ible, the Chief
b",14.18_1," hot strictly legally responsi
National Debt
11'111,4 ft:eoner fur the Reductton of the
Still
I!: keiof .ehancellor of the Exchequer
himself.n
Member
0 t ItooOlned, as had been stated by the Ha •
be-
motef,"ftle/ Government were morally responsible,de deposited,
4t 11 "Y depositor believed, at the time he P
ken he
Gov
safety of his
ese st rtt Government security for the
Po • -.° show ere fairly
til, limbic, how far the Government w. _ s
• Isp., , he would state what he conceived wa
(bit cl t IV., c. 92,
re-
„, ed , he ease. The 9 Geo.
should be
""kia. that savings bank accounts
414 a °P •to
and if not
4, up, th , a particular period,
Reduction of the
ji 441 b e Commissioners for the
of that
:,111t. And S•bt were required to close the accounts
, 're r ,II the 3 Will. IV., e. 12, the Commissioners
Gazette the
,git,ee,
oerc.i:itre.d to
publish in the London
their accounts.
plot qtie set
blinks which had not close
panted
ot
the °t
„ those wise laws was obvious,
namely, to
the
of e gepositorsagainst wilful negligence on
h.. 0 trus,__ a
and 8 Viet., removed.
f,li4 Sal rt,s7soe •. Another Act, 7
4,1 hegiir,e___eensibillty from trustees onaccount
s which made
4the es•te`lews., These were the three law
Government.
14_5 404_
the' the depositors against the
to the
, us, of Learned Member then referredlB2B
. anti
qee n,, eude-street Savings Bank. In
, ~ IteCOU
in these
Zito ye 41.4 Eta were published; and it was
had
hs•atio, that
the defalcations took place.
Now
the
n,ate---,rt. as required by law, been published,
'4%11,1.e:4°44 of 30,0001. could not have occurred. b
ert 'sensors theueht hright • stating,
as tho Go-
-15„, eo„,, . . e was in
with the
)4 /shat , eirressioners had refused to comply .
kitsid not were responsible to the depositors.
by "osi°t3t 4" how Government could refute to take
y tilt, 1 eration the case of depositors who had lost
1114°thit geiles of their own authorities such a large
All • Islie
1831, w .
Q 4 i the subsequent depositors were the

sufferers, and made so because their deposits were
taken to pay off claims of the old depositors
which had occurred before 1831. The trustees wished
the accounts of the bank to be closed about the year
1831, as would be proved by documentary evidence from
the trustees themselves. In consequence of the commu-
nication of the trustees to Government, Mr. T. Pratt
went to Dublin, but, instead of closing the bank, he in-
duced the trustees to continue the business. He main-
tained that the Cuffs-street Tank from 1831 became vir-
tually a new bank, and this went to strengthen the
charge of injustice, by making the deposit, of the new
depositors available for the claims of the old depositors.
Though there was only a surplus of 27,0001. in 1831,
they paid in 1836 claims arising previous to 1831 to the
amount of 50,000/., and this too with the full cognizance
of Government. He would ask whether this was not a
case which ought to have the attention of Government,
awl he hoped when the Committee met again
that the case of the depositors would be taker. into
consideration. It was on grounds of public policy
only that Government allowed the erroneous ac-
counts to pass in 1831, and the money of the
new depositors to be made use of in payment of the
claims of the old depositors. He would now refer to
the Killarney Savings Bank, as here again he thought
the Government had acted with great injustice. The
l:gal opinion of Sergeant Green was that the Commis-
sioners, when apprised of the neglect or refusal of the
trustees to furnish accounts, ought to have taken pos-
session of the balance, which amounted to 16,600/.,
which balance ought to have been appropriated t o the
p symerat of depositors before 1844. It was wrong on
the part of the Government to part with that sum; and,
therefore, Government, in this view of the case, were re-
sponsible f r that amount. In the case of the Tralee
Savings Bank the accounts had not been furnished
fora euunbsr of years. Here was another case which
clearly entit'ed the depositors to the favourable consi-
deration of The Government. He trusted that on some
future occasion Government would announce their de-
termination to do something in favour of these unfurtu-
nate depositors.
Mr. GROGAN would express his regret that the
Right Hon. Gentleman had omitted ail allusion to the
gross injustice committed under the late Act by what he
must call the public officers of the various sayings banks
in those cases which had been ieferred to. He would
first call attention to one or two points in the Bill which
required some explanation. The Right Hon. Gentleman
did not state whether the present annual limit of 301.
was to be interfered with?
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER replied,
it was not to be interfered with.
Mr. GROjAN wished to know who was to pay the
rensurer's salary ?
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER replied,

"

TirVst)A.it

APRIL

301

..
1~~0,

be sn a Lord of the Treasury, he was a disappointed man i dirt, darkness, and defective ventilation, was incurring a
—and in that feeling had brought foreasrd this subject— ' heavy responsibility ; he was in fact making bimselt the
accountable agent, in the case of some thousands of the
that was a vulgar taunt—(Cheors)—and did not become
ulation, forhealth and sickness, life and death.
the Right Hoe. t:s' entleman, who hung like a tin kettle to Popr N. B. WARD repeated the evidence he luta given on a
the tail of the Member for Tamworth.—(Laughter.)
former occasion to the Health of Towns Commissioners on
Whenever the Bight Hon. Baronet moved from one side
athneumplhaysicacil influencesiub of. light bothl upon plants and
of the House to the other the movement was sure to be
noted by the tin kettle clinking behind his heels.— shrivelle'danand"witheredhpeac.pmpaeunrsanocfais aun,tisileflprelledntilbsgeena
(Laughter.) On the part of his constituency, he thanked grown without light, under circumstances otherwise favour-
his Hon. Friend for brirging forward this motion. ab 1,... With regard to the effect of a. want of light on the
Although the Eight Hon. Gentleman ran through the human constitution, he had frequently traced some of the
gamut in praise of the bisheps, nothing would have been most laineutable instances of disease that he had ever met
done but for the exertions of laymen hke his Honourable with in sis.profession as a surgeon to the living in dark-
Friend, either in the promotion of education or the abo- ened roOms; that is to say, in rooms of-which one or more
lition of slavery, which had been effected by the exer- hifb.the i windows- - had been.. closed to avoid the duties.
Lions of a layman, Mr. Wilberforce; and he hoped his H olusny'dleli *especially , the , case in the neighbourhood of
Hon. Friend would pereeecre in his praiseworthy exer quarters of the
generally in the Jewish
tions, uninfluenced by the taunts of the ecclesiastical tax had been ;oln-
dii metropolis.i,tibTlheeatueamuptfatLn of' saving the'
Member, the Member for the University of Cambridge. among them it might trilly•be said, in the Scripture,wordpsnonle classes
Sir R. INGLIS said, the fundamental error of the that ° there'was no light in their dwellings." A
tax upon
pon
Member for Cockermouth was that his confounded prin- light could only have originated in the most profound igno-
ciples. He regarded the bishops as stieeediaries, to ranee of physical laws. '
Experiments had shown that
.the
whom he might dole out. what he pleased, whereas they tadpole, if kept in' he dark, would live and die a tadpole, in-
held their properties by as good a title as any private
int its' organization;
becoming a frog, light being essential to this change
gentleman did his estates. The property of the Bishop children wereana and the affects of want of light upon
of London was attached to the sea tor twelve hundred if brought up in roogmosn'
ea.butHouwuteef:er well supplied with food,
years.—[An lion. Member exclaimed—Since the Refor- sun, they became pale and sickly,roaasutdhetbdeiirect rays of the
motion.] That observation, no doubt, emanated from one stunted. Upon this head some striking facts their growthbee wasb
of those members who had sworn to defend the property lished by physicians employed in the hospitalsg of St. Petear pub-
of Peters'
the Church, and who would have never been per- burgh. . .......
mitted to enter that House hut for the easy credulity Colonel SYKES was desirous of expressing JAis strong- con:-
of Members of that Hour. He had always received the viction that tire evil now in operation was SQ serious tinitit
greatest attention in that House, and could not complain was hardly possible to exaggerate its baneful influence 1
of interruption. but he felt convinced that the facts already stated must-have
Sir BENJAMIN HALL then moved the adjourn- weight with the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and that the • -
system would be abandoned. 1 t was not a Merely finan-
meat of the debate.
Mr. SIDNEY HERBERT said he hoped the Hon. both a sanitary and a mortalquestion;
sial queztion, it tree
And the arguments in favour of a change were of the graveat,
Baronet would not persevere with his motion. He
importance.
thought the Bill could be better discussed in Committee, Lord ROBERT GROSVENOR observed that all meet ,vrere
and he was prepared to move some amendments when h now so fully agreed upon the magnitude of the Porestehoetii
arrived at that stage, which he would to•morrow lay On that he must really put it to the Chancellor ofettisi;Eekehea
the table of the House. The purport of one of them quer as a great public scandal that the resistanc WO Go.
t,
would be to extend the proposal as to deans and chap- vernment to a simple measure of sanitary preaucitt
iA6id,
ters, that no dean or Canon should be allowed to have have been prolonged up to the present moment( • t rust be
out of the precincts of th
cure of souls e cathedral towns. obvious to every one that the window duties could not-be
defended upon financial grounds. If the money were re-
Sir B. TIALL said that heeler lion was a further in-
quired, it could be raises by a moderate and equitable houze-
ducement for him to persevere in his motion, tax, which he (Lord R. Grosvenor) should be quite willing to
Lord JOHN RUSSELL said, if the Hon. Baronet support, as a direct tax, preferable in many respects to other
persevered, he would have to postpone many Bills fiscal burdens affecting trade and industry. Were it not for
which he was anxious to send to the Lords for early con- the fact that, in the midst of all our boasted civilisation, we
sideration, which would also have the effect of delaying were taxing light and air, the existence of window duties
this Bill. might be taken as
.evidence of a state of barbarism greater
Mr. P. WOOD deprecated the tone which character- than had prevailed in the middle ages, or at any period of
ised the debate, and thought an error bad been cote- the world's history. The advent of Lord John Russell to
mitted in not bringing it forward at an earlier hour in power had been hailed by many persons in the belief that
all objects connected with the moral and physical improve-
' the evening. ment of the population would be actively promoted, and it
Mr. COCKBURN strongly recommended the Hon. was to them a source of grief and disappointment
that the
Baronet to withdraw his motion, as his persevering Government, instead of taking the lead upon these questions,
might endanger the Bill altogether. should have unnecessarily thrust itself into a false position.
Mr. HORSMAN said. if they agreed to take the fur- Public opinion was turning against Ministers,-and the recut
ther discussion of the Bill on going into Committee, he of the window duties, it was now not itnprobable, might be
had no doubt his Hon. Friend would withdraw his mc- forced upon them by a hostile vote of the House of Corn-
tion. He would now call upon the Right HOD. Gentle- mono. He (Lord R. Grosvenor) should take a part in such
man the Member for Cambridge to state the office fur a vote with the greatest pain, and he implored the Chancel-
which he had been a candidate. From his experience for of the Exchequer to put himself right Ivith his friends
and right with the country, in gracefully and generously con-
cand standing in the House he should not make estate-
ment he had not grounds for, and in that view import- t.cli‘ilorg.h;measurefof reliefi. now solicited.
C. It and his brethren of the archi
ance would be attached to what he said. 'No man who tectu i: a 1 i-
profession,°w a'
would
arllateeitify to the grand fact -
had held office, and aft-awards took an independent window duties were objectionable, not oly Ou that the
course, would be exposed to the same imputation. He grounds, but also as occasioning much structural deformity,iary
asked whether he would withdraw the insinuation or and as imposing an insuperable barrier to the progress of
do-
state the ground upon which it was founded. rnestic architecture. He felt anxious that there should be no
Lord J. RUSSELL said filet he would fix an early attemot made to modify the present system, in order merely
day for the discussion in Committee if the motion for to palliate the evil, but that it should be wholly abolished.
the adjournment was withdrawn.—(llear.) He had The great point to contend for was perfect liberty in works of
heard with pain the course the debate had taken, and coonstsetrruouctsioton
minaktehethdeitrueextiountb
g oefr eri ma
pereonvseomr eot ari,th7" pre-
with regard to the insinuation that the Hon. Member for Pdesigns and to allow him to blot out ad libitum the architectural
Cockermouth was seeking for office, or disappointed in of a building most essential to its health aud cheerfulness as
not obtaining it, he thought there was not the slightest a human habitation. Taxes should have reference solely to
foundation for it. At the same time he would observe, the value of the property taxed, and he, both as a private
in reference to the Eight Hon. Gentleman opposite individual and as a member of the vestry of St. Pancras, was
(Mr. Goulburn), that there was as little foundation fur quite willing to agree to a moderate house tax as a substitute
any attack on his integrity and public character. for the window duties; and he thought that such a proposi-
Mr. GOULBURN explained, but in a tone inaudible tion would be generally received by the public with favour.
in the gallery; but he was understood to withdraw the The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said that the depu-
tation would not of course expect him to reply then specifi-
insinuations rrspecting the motives to which the course
cally to the different points on which. he had been addressed.
of the Hon. Member for Cockermouth (Hr. Horsman) It had been his duty to listen to their representations, and it
was attributed. would also be his duty to receive several other deputations
Sir B. HALL withdrew his motion. that had written to request an interview upon the same sub-
The Bill was then read a second time. ject. The question of the window duties would receive the
REFORM IN THE COURT OF CHANCERY. fullest consideration of her Majesty's Government. -
Mr. TURNER moved for leave to bring in a Bill 10 The deputation then withdrew.
diminish the delay and expense of proceedings in the - • -- ----- - -
High Court of Chancery.. The Hon. and Learned
Member said he would merely explain that his Bill
would not interfere with the valuable orders recently
issued by the Lord Chancellor.
Leave was . given, and the Bill 'was brought in and
'Tat a first time. The Bill was ordered to be read a lit -
cond time on Wednesday, May 22.
The Savings Bank Bill was brought in, read a first
time, and ordered to be read a second time on Monday
next.
The House adjourned at a Quarter *past One.

PARLIAMENTARY OATHS.
A very interesting report has been published by the
Select Committee appointed to make inquiries into the
oaths of Members upon being admitted to take their
seats in the House of Commons. In a report of twenty-
seven pages of the ordinary Parliamentary size will be
found the entire history of the swearing in of Members
down to our own time, and counting from the Act cf
Elizabeth, which directs that Members shall take the
oath of Supremacy "corporally upon the Evangelists."
Previous to this date it does not appear that any trace
exists of the exaction of an oath from Members on tak-
ing their seats. Early in the reign of Jame I. we find
an oath directed against the Popish recusants, which ap-
pears to be nearly similar to the present oaths of alle-
giance and abjuration. During the Protectorate the
form of swearing becomes modified to the following
effect :—" T, A. 8., do, in the presence and by the
name of God Almighty, promise and swear that to
the uttermost of my power, in my place, I will up-
hold and maintain the true reformed Protestant Christian
religion in .the purity thereof, as It is centained in the
Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testament, &c."
The earliest enactments of Charles 11. are directed
against the Quakers, his latest against the Papists—then
it is we meet with the declaration against Transubstan-
tiation, tee. It is in the Act of Ist William and Mary,
commonly called the Toleration Act, that we find the
first trace of the resolution to exclude all persons not
professing the Christian religion from the walls of Par-
liament. It is therein recited that there are certain
persons, dissenters from the Church of England, who
scruple at the taking of any oath, and as a measure of
relief to them it is enacted that they may avoid taking
the oaths exacted at the time from other Members of
Parliament, upon their subscribing P. declaration against
the Pope's supremacy as also the following profession
of faith:—" I, A. 8., do profess faith in God the
Father, suet in Jesus Christ his eternal Son, the true
God, and in the Holy Spirit, one God and blessed for
evermore, and do acknowledge the Holy Scriptures of
the Old and New Testament to be given by divine in-
spiration." Such was the state of things in the days of
William and Mary. A wicket of admission was opened
for Christian Dissenters. Papists, and all persons not
Christians, were still jealously excluded from en active
share in the legislation and government of the country.
In the eighth year of the reign of William 111. it was
decided that by law a Quaker was admitted to make his
or her solemn affirmation, in place of an oath, in all
courts of justice and other places where by law an oath
was required.
Ueder these clrcumstances John Archdale, a Quaker,
was elected for Chipping Wycombe, in Buckinghsanshire,
in the year 1698. He refused to take the oaths, but de-
manded that his declaration of fidelity, &c., should be ac-
opt( d as it would in other cases where an oath was re-
quired. The House, however, refuted to listen to his
aerated, and he we, rejected. We e met pass over the
Abjuration oath, ending, as it does, with the words,
" upon the true faith of a Christian"—as also that of
Anne—that we may arrive at the permission granted by
the statutes of George 1. to the Quakers to subscribe
declaration of fidelity, instead of the oaths in question.
in all courts of justice and elsewhere, &c. We next
come to the Jews. As we are now upon the very ground
et es ah!ch there has been so much skirmishing, we
must here be a little more exact. By the 10th George 1.,
cap. 24,—it is enacted, " that whenever any of his
Majesty's subjects professing the Jewish religion shall
present himself to take the Oath of AbiUrntioll
ruein
pursuance of, •Sec., the words, • upon the t
faith of a Christian,' shall be • omitted out of
the said oath in administering the same to such person;
s
and the taking the said oath by such person professing
tshheallehweisdheermelem i
chieenvetortadksianfgoreosfaitdhe
A*
bjura:
tion Oath." This statute was followed up three years
gd-ton wbeita lic
.)suutff l
i
afterwards by another one to the same effect. Other
Acts there are set out in the report of the Select Com-
mittee bearing upon the forms of oath taken by Members
prior' to Mr. Pease's case; but for these we must refer
our readers to the report itself.
That case is too fresh in the public recollection, and
has been so often and so fully discussed, that we need
not here again enter into particulars. Suffice
it 'to say • that, after due consultation, Mr.
Pease was admitted to take his seat in the House
upon making his solemn affirmation and declaration. to
the effect of the oaths directed to be taken at the table
of the House. Mr. Pease himself was called as a wit-
ness before the Select Committee, and stated most clearly,
and expressly, that in the declaration made by hinted's,
words " upon the true faith of a Christian" were omitted.
Quakers, Moravians, Separatists have betel now expressly
relieved by statute. The Queen's subjects who profess'
the Jewish religion are, therefore, alone excluded from a
seat in Parliament in consequence of the preliminary
ceremonials.
At the commencement of the report the member iof
the Select Cenuaittee favour us with a short synopss! of
the position of the Tews in England. They were .Pa-
nibbed from the realm in the 18th year of the reign.
eghand
of King EdWard 111., and did not return to this.countiriya
until, the days of Oliver Creimwell. DurEing t
Protectorate some Dutch Jews tame over to
and prayed the Protector that he would let them
..
.ave
Wished his Sher
Upon this occasion it was that Bynnepu
their synagogues and the free exercise of their religion.
d barred R • t
Demurrer to the Jews' long di
into Enylanel. It seems that no sconsderab e
.number of
discontinued
imutter
i
have
them came over to England uutil the
been Resallowedtoration.
to live From
that date to the present they
amongst us in peace—diseharging faithfully the obliga-
tions of good citizens and good subjects of the Crown.
One by one the restrictions have fallen away which
Impediment exists to their complete emanci-
pprevented their admission into offices of public trust, &o.
the cone! declaration, which
One only
only
concluding words of a
have been dispensed with in the case of others, and may
therefore Without impropriety cease to be required from
Jews. who may henceforward be returned to serve as
Members of Parliament —Tin".

Authorship is, according to the spirit in which it
is pursued, an infamy, a pastime, a handicraft, an art, a
science, a virtue.—Eliza Cook's journal.
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