The Sun.
London, England, 1844-11-06 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVEN iN G NOVEMBER G 184

CELEBRATION of the ACQUITTAL
OF HARDY, TOOKE, THELWALL, &c.
The 50th anniversary of the acquittal of John
Horne Tooke, Therriai Hardy, John Thelwall, •and
the other persons who were tried with them on a
charge of high treason, was celebrated yesterday in a
public dinner, at Radley's Hotel, Bridge-street,
Blackfriars. About 150 persons were assembled on
the occasion, and amongst others we noticed the fol-
lowing individuals :—T. Browning, Alexander Gal-
loway, Richard Burnett, J. B. Burnard, James Cop-
pock, and Frank Tibbett, Esqrs.
Wm. Coates, Esq., was called to the chair.
After ample justice had been done to the excellent
dinner provided on the occasion, and after the cloth
was removed,
• The CHAIRMAN rose, and said that he looked fot-
ward with delight and pleasure to the celebntion of
the present day, though he regretted he was unex-
pectedly called on to perform the (Aka of Chairman
on the occasion. The first toast which he would pro-
pose—and, ind,ea,
he would not propose any toast,
11" :fewer 'by whom originated, which had not the
concurrence of his own conscientious convictions—
the first toast which he had to propose was, " The
People," from whom all power and authority flowed.
They were before Kings and Emperors, tyrants and
conquerors, for it was from them that they derived
all their power.—(Hear, hear.) A sovereign could
not exist without a people ; but he had some notion
that a people could exist without a sovereign.—
(Laughter and cheers.) They were a check upon the
sovereign when the sovereign was inclined to go
wrong; and when the people willed it, they could say
to the sovereign, "Thus far shalt thou go, and no
further." He would therefore, in the first instance,
propose the health of the people—the sovereign peo-
ple.—The toast was drank with enthusiasm.
The CHAIRMAN rose again, and said that if the
sovereign were a despot, and the people slaves, the
toast which he was about to propose would have little
value indeed ; but when the sovereign was the
freely chosen of the people, and conciliated the
affection of the people—when the sovereign
was one whose domestic virtues and public policy cast
as much value on the royal station as was derived
from it, and such a sovereign they had—(Cheers)
then, indeed, it became a pleasure and a value to pro-
pose the health of the sovereign.—(Cheers.) On a late
occasion, when the present Sovereign came to open the
proudest temple of commerce in the world, and to
mingle with her subjects, he had the honour of eating
salt with her, and most gracious and pleasant she was
—(Cheers)—and proud she ought to feel in ruling
over such a people.—(Cheers.) It was because they
were a free ceople, and a sovereign people, that the
health of the Queen at once derived its grace
and its value.—(Hear.) Bearing in mind such con-
siderations—that the Queen ruled by and for the people
—he would, in proposing the health of her present most
gracious Majesty, make use of the words of, her late
uncle—" May she ever bear in mind. that the sove-
reignty is a trust for the benefit or the people."
The toast was drank with the greatest enthusiasm.
The CHAIRMAN again rose, and said that the next
toast bore some reference to the subject which had
assembled them together on 'that occasion. There
were those who boasted of the wisdoth of their
ancestors--there were those who loved their ancient
institutions. He for one supported the wisdom of
their ancestors so long as they were wise, and would
maintain their ancient institutions so ong as they
were good.—(Cheers.) He was not for change for
the sake of doing mischief, but he had no objection to
change if it occasioned good.—(Hear, hear.) Nor did
he at all consider he was disparaging the talents of
their ancestors in exercising the same fair and inde-
pendent judgment which they did in order to obtain
institutions adapted to the nature of man and to the
necessities of the times.—(Hear, hear.) They had
transmitted to them one institution, which he trusted
would live for ever—trial by jury.—(Cheers.) As
long as men were men, differences must arise between
them from conflicting interests, and who better
fitted to settle those differences than those
who were free from the passions and prejudices
of the contending parties? To make a man the arbiter
in his own case was to take them back to barbarism
stheeekitnrgialthbey
rejucroym—because
lint
jduerpyrivaecdcoerdacinh
—the first triumph over which was the institution of
gmtoanthoe
dictates of his own angry passions and resentments,t
and left the arbitrations of his injuries, or supposed
injuries, to those who were supposed free from such
feelings.—(Hear, hear.) The institution of trial by
jury was founded on the best feelings of human na-
ture and the profoundest principles of philosophy ;
and however critics, whose business it was to deny
everything, might dilate on its imperfections—
and what human institution was not imperfect—he
trusted the day was distant when any new-fangled
philosophy would remove from the people of England
the trial by jury.—(Cheers.) The value of that in-
stitution was attested in every possible way. It was
attested in the names of those men whom, fifty years
ago—within his own recollection— it was sought to
place upon a gibbet, but whom a verdict of their
countrymen sent home to their wives and children.—
(Cheers.) Its value was proved by the very attempts
which were made to tamper with it.—(Loud cheers.)
All that occurred in Ireland lately was only an addi-
tional evidence of the importance of trial by jury.—
(Cheers.) Those who got up the charge of conspiracy
there knew the value of trial by jury, and that they
could not face an honest one, and hence they dropped
jury-lists—(Cheers)—hence the proscription of one
class of opinions, and the exclusion of persons on
account of their religion—(Hear)—hence the declara-
tion of the greatest judge in the land, that if such
things were allowed, " the trial by jury would become
a mockery, a delusion, and a snare. —(Here there
were " Three cheers for Lord Denman," which was
most enthusiastically responded to.) Vhy on that
occasion had they recourse to dropped jury-lists and
to the 'exclusion of Catholics ? Why, because they
knew full well that the trial by jury, in its purity,
was too august and too sacred for them to face, and
therefore they endeavoured to lower its standard, and
to bring it down to further their own corrupt purposes.
—(Hear.) But to show how good comes out of evil,
after the decision in this case had been pronounced,
and after everybody thought there was an end of
the case—for nobody could expect light out of darkness
—the House of Lords reversed that decision.—(Hear,
hear, and cheers.) If those who had been tried and
convicted in Ireland for the crime of constructed
treason, as were Hardy, Tooke, and Thelwall, in-
stead of that of constructive conspiracy, there would
be no appeal allowed, and a corrupt jury would have
decided their fate.—(Cheers.) But after they had
been found guilty, justice was done to them, and it
came from a quarter whence it could be least ex-
pected. Lord Denman, on that occasion, spoke
out in a manly and dignified manner.—(Cheers.)
And it was a proud consideration for the citizens
of London, that when he had been cast off
by the Court, he had been elevated to the Bench
by them, and had from thence risen to his present
eminent position. He was well supported on that oc-
casion by Lord Cottenham and Lord Campbell. And
here he begged to remind them that those individuals
would never have been in a position to do this act of
justice were it not for the Reform Bill.—(Cheers.)
They had defended the rights of the people, while
another, once the delight of the people of England,
now their scorn and contempt, and whose name
he would not mention, was found on the other
side.—(Hisses, and cries of " Don't mention him.")
This was a proof to the people of England how much
they had in their own hands. He had endeavoured
to show the value of the trial by jury. It was a dis-
advantage to nobody but the corrupt and dishonest,
and to them he might apply the language of Scrip-
ture, " That it was a terror to evil-doers, and for the
praise of those who do well."—(Cheers.) He would,
therefore, give the " Trial by Jury."—(Cheers.)
The CHAIRMAN, in proposing the next toast, said it
demanded serious consideration, for it was the toast of
the evening, and intended as an embalming of the me-
mory of those good and great men who, in
bad times, were tried for their lives fifty
years ago, and of whose acquittal this was the first
Jubilee.—(Hear, hear.) Their names were John Home
Tooke, Thomas Ihrdy, John Thelwall, Robert
Hodgson James Holcroft, Jeremiah Joyce, Kyd,
Wardle, Moore, Baxter, &c. They were now dust
and ashes, and some might grieve that they were no
more. He rejoiced that they once lived—(Hear,
hear)—because their independence and virtue had left
a legacy to British liberty which he hoped would de-
scend to their children to the remotest generation.—
(Cheers.) They were brought to trial on a charge of
high treason —for asking for that which Lord Grey
asked for, and which King William granted, and
which the House of Lords were forced to concede
to the British people. He had lately received
a letter from the widow of Thelwall, which was
cleverly and beautifully written, in which she com-
plained of some statements relative to her husband, I
made by Horace Twiss, in his life of Lord Eldon.
But they could afford to smile at the puny efforts of
Mr. Horace Twiss to cast reflections on the memory
of so good and extraordinary a man as Thelwall.—
(llear, hear.) Amongst the men who were tried on
that occasion were many who were an ornament to
their country by their private virtues, their learning,
and talents. There never lived a more pure, a more
moral, or a more religious man than Thomas Hardy.
—(Hear, hear.) Tooke wrote the celebrated " Di-
versions of Purley," and Joyce is the author of
the well-known " Scientific Dialogues." Yet such were
the men who were:tried on a charge of high treason,
for maintaining the principle that the people ought to
have conti,olover. those who proposed the laws and
imposed tax {r=' Oak, bear.) lie believed that they
were perfect t, honest, and -that when they said they
only wanted •a . e 'they did not want any more, and
there is norliafreifie -,the _ should not have a perfect
40
reform.—(Liio diets's.) e concluded .by proposing
the memory 'oftliose:Wivi ls,:,Th!itoast was drank
with the liveliest enthiisiapitg —E.,,,50; rae-
Mr. rem rose to propose-Me next toast, which

was the memory of the three juries who; in 1194, ac-
quitted Hardy; Tooke, and Thtlwall, and of Erskine
and Gibbs, their able and gratuitouS counsel oh that
occasion. In the course of his speech Mr. Parry
dwelt with much force op the difference between the
characters of Erskine and Eldon, the former suffering
an exclusion of fifteen years &in +Ake iii conse-
quence of his principles, the other ever opposed to the
rights of the people and the freedomof men's con-
science, than there was no man who oftener thanked
God that he had a conscience. Ile regretted to see
the life of such a man rceeived as it was by the prem.
The Learned Gentleman then alluded to the state of
the representation of the country, and observed that
it was not a 101. franchisean aristocrat )? of petty
wealth—that nahly, Tooke, iihd Thelwalr stroggled
kt, tut a full, and fair, and free representation of the
people.—(Loud cheers.)
The CHAIRMAN next proposed the health of the "Lon-
don Corresponding Society," and coupled therewith
the memory of Alexander Galloway, one of those
whom time had spared to them from those days of
persecution. His honoured friend was not a mere
lover of liberty, but had suffered in her cause, and
the principles with which he set out in life he main-
tained to the end —(Cheers.)
Mr. GALLOWAY returned thanks, and said that
though he was enfeebled in body, his soul was as
ardent as ever in the cause of freedom.—(Cheers.)
He admired the principles of the Corresponding
Society, because they were founded in truth, and
because they supported everything conducive to the
welfare of mankind. They would exclude no class,
but sought the rights of every class; and it was most
gratifying to him that, after fifty years, such an
assembly was met together to honour the memory of
those who had suffered for liberty in those days. He
had himself been imprisoned for forty months under
the suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act, without
knowing why or wherefore, but he was then young,
and he did not mind it.—(Shame, shame.) People
now would scarcely believe how much the people
suffered in those days. But they had patience and
perseverance, and their principles prevailed at last.—
(Cheers.) He thanked them for the compliment
which they had paid him in coupling his name with
that of the Corresponding Society.
The following toasts were then proposed and drank
with enthusiasm :—" A radical reform of all abuses,
and a true representation of the people of the British
empire in Parliament ;" " Lord Denman and Judicial
Independence;" " The Cause of Civil and Religious
Liberty the World Over."
The evening was enlivened by several excellent
songs, sung by Mr. Lucas, Mr. Burnard, &c.

R.AIL4VAY IN'fltiLtlGElKCti•

RAT NORTH Ot ENGLAND RAILWAY.
DA riLii4hfok, MdN Apt EiEgiN6.—A special general
meeting of the shareholders of this ritilnaiy was held this
afternoon in the offices of the Company in this town, for
the purpose of taking into consideration the propriety
tir atithotising the Directors to make application to Par-
liament., in the ensuing session, fur powers to contract a
branch line of railway from a point in their own line at
or near Cooper House, in the township of Dalton, to
Richmond; in the county of York.
S. H. WzmuNsok, Esq., chairman of the Directors,
took the thait, and in opening the business of the day
said that the Shareholders pteseht were all probably aware
that recently a meeting was held in Richttlundi which was
very largely attended, tne meeting having been held upon
the subjcet of extending the Great North of England
Railway to the town of Richmond, At that meeting
the subject was fully discussed, and the line propose:l
by this Company was unanimously approved of. So
fully was the subject then discussed that it was
hardly necessary for him to go into detail as to the
merits of the proposed scheme now. He felt it was
a scheme which would ultimately prove of great advan-
tage to the proprietors at large. The resolution which he
had to propose for the consideration of the meeting was—
" That it is expedient that this Company should under-
take the formation of a railway from a point in the new
line, near Cooper House, in the parish of Croft and
township of Dalton, to Richmond, in addition to the
Harrogate and Ripon Junction Railway, which, at a
special general meeting of this Company, held en the
15th ult., it was resolved should be undertaken ; that
the Directors be, and they are hereby authorised to order
the necessary surveys and to take all proceedings that
they may consider desirable, with a view of applying to
Parliament next session for an Act authorising the con-
struction of the above-mentioned line of railway ; that
provision be made in the Act of Parliament for the pay-
ment out of the additional capital (authorised at the last
special general meeting to be raised by the issuing of new
shares) of interest at the rate of five per cent. per annum,
to holders of such new shares for the amount of their
subscriptions till the works be completed, after which
the new shares shall form part of the capital stock of
this Company."
Mr. PLEWS, a Director,'said he had one or two remarks
to make upon the present position of this Company and
railways in general. He would remind the Shareholders
that this Company had lately increased its capital to the
extent of 300,000/., and sooner or later the whole of that
money would have to be paid up. He did not think that any
Company had had more difficulties to contend with since its
formation in 1836, than the present one. In the year
1836 there was a mania for railways, but compared to
the mania in that respect, which existed now, the one of
1836 was nothing. Soon after the formation of this
Great North of England Company the shares went down
to a very large discount, and the Directors were com-
pelled
to forfeit 3,500 shares, owing to persons who had
put their names down for shares having refused to go
on with them. These 3,500 Shareholders actually gave
up 20/. pg. share. This would show how common it
was, and especially at the present day, for persons to put
their names down for shares without considering how
they were ultimately to pay for them. The difficulties
with which this company, in consequence of this for-
feiture, had to contend were very great. On one
occasion the Directors amongst themselves had to
raise 70,000/. in the space of fourteen days, and if
they had not succeeded in raising that money in
time, out of their own resources, the railway
would have been stopped. These difficulties, however,
were now being overcome, and the line was one of the
most prosperous in the kingdom. He merely made
these remarks to show how necessary it was for persons
who put their names down for shares to con-
sider how they were ultimately to pay for them. The
difficulties that arose from this want of caution, he was
confident, would be very severely felt by many Directors
in the new companies which had lately sprung up all
over the country. With respect to competing lines, he
had only to say, that instead of the public benefiting
by them, the public would be the parties to suffer. In
the lase of two competing lines, a compromise was the
almost inevitable result, and then the fares which had for
a short time, perhaps, been reduced, would be largely
increased, and instead of one line, the public would have
to pay for the cost of two. By a late Act it was pro-
vided, that a railway company should not divide more
than ten per cent. profit. It would, therefore, be seen,
that the public would be the parties most to be benefited
by having but one line, because every year that the re-
turns exceeded ten per cent. profit, a reduction in the
fares must take place. The public, therefore, actually
participated in the profits of the line. He merely threw
out these remarks to guard the public against being led
away by shadows.
The resolutions were then unanimously adopted, and
thanks having, amidst applause, been voted to the
chairman, the meeting separated.

SHEFFIELD AND MANCHESTER RAILWAY.
MANCHESTER, MONDAY EVENING.—At one o'clock
this afternoon, a special meeting of the Shareholders in
the Sheffield, Ashton-under-Lyne, and Manchester Rail-
way, was held at the Company's offices, in this town,
" for the purpose of considering the expediency of, and
if so determined upon, of authorising a lease to be granted
to the Midland Railway Company, and the Northern
and Birmingham Railway Company, of the line and
works of the Sheffield, Ashton-under-Tyne, and Man-
chester Railway, with all the stations, tolls, emoluments,
and other property thereof, upon terms to be agreed to
at the meeting, or to be arranged by the Directors of this
Company, under powers to be deputed to them by such
meeting and for other special purposes. The lease to be
for a term of thirty years, determinable at the end of ten
or twenty years, upon the following terms, viz. :—the
lessees to pay all the interest to accrue on loans, also the
rents, rates, working expenses, and every other charge to
which the Company is liable, and to pay to the Sharehol -
ders ser cent per annum upon a share capital of 756,000/.,
and 7i per cent. on a share capital of 144,000/. When
the traffic amounts to 2,800/. per week, on the aver-
age of twelve months, the dividend to be increased
a half per cent. ; when it amounts to 3,0001. per
week, one per cent., with an additional increase of a half
per cent. fur every 2501 per week, until it reaches ten
per cent. The share and loan capital not to exceed
1,500,0001. The guarantees to the Barnsley and
Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railways to be adopted by
the lessees. The traffic of the Sheffield line to be
managed by a Committee, to be appointed by the three
Companies.
It having been publicly announced, both in Sheffield
and Manchester, that a counter proposition would be
submitted on behalf of the Manchester and Leeds Rail-
way Company, offering to lease the line on more favour-
able terms, the utmost interest was excited amongst the
Shareholders, and the result was perhaps one of the most
numerously attended railway meetings ever held, up-
wards of 200 gentlemen being present, a great portion
of whom had travelled from Sheffield and other distant
places purposely to attend the meeting.
The chair was taken a few minutes after one by
John Parker, Esq., M.P., Chairman of the Board of
Directors.

Mr. PLATFORD, the secretary, having read the adver.
tisement convening the meeting, which was dated Oc•
tuber 16th,

Mr. N. W. PARKER, of London, and Mr. ROBERTS, of
Chester, protested against the shortness of the notice,
and stated that they had only received their circulars
three or four days ago.
The CHAIRMAN said the notice for a special meeting
required by the Act was ten days, and the large attend-
ance proved that the notice had been sufficient. If any
gentleman thought otherwise, he had better move an
adjournment.
Mr. PARKER said he would do so, but the feeling of
the meeting being evidently against an adjournment, the
business was allowed to proceed.
The CHAIRMAN moved that the propositions of the
Midland and Manchester Companies be accepted.
Mr. ROBERTS, of Chester, supported the proposition
of the Leeds Company, principally on the ground of
their offering a greater per tentage to the Shareholders
in this line, namely, 6 per cent.
Mr. C. P. YOUNG, of Sheffield, seconded the amend-
ment.
A prolonged discussion followed, during which seve-
ral gentlemen supported the original proposition ; some
spoke in favour of the amendment, and two advocated
' the continuance of the Company on its present indepen-
dent footing.
At a few minutes before five the amendment was put
and negatived, only twenty-four hands being held up in
its favour, and nearly ten times that number against it.
The original motion was then put and carried amidst
loud cheers, as was another, authorising the Directors
to apply to Parliament next session for the necessary
powers to carry out the arrangements. Thanks were
then voted to the Chairman and Directors, and the pro-
ceedings terminated.

SOUTH WALES RAILWAY.—We understand that nearly
500 shares have been taken by persons in Cardiff in this
undertaking. During last week some gentlemen con-
nected with the Great Western Railway have been en-
gaged surveying the neighbourhood of 'Monmouth, Usk,
&c., with a view of determining the best hne of road for
the South Wales Railway.
THE NEWPORT AND NANT•Y*GLO RAILWAY. —The
surveyors are also busily engaged in surveying this line
of road, when they intend next session to apply to Par-
liament for a Bill.

CAPTURE OF A SHEEP-STEALER.—On Friday last
a man went to the shop of Mr. W. Rudge, candle manu-
facturer, at Pontnwyd, Newport. Monmouthshire, to sell
a quantity of mutton fat which he had in a wallet ; and
upon William Thayers, the foreman to Mr. nudge,
examining it, he perceived pieces of Test, when he began
,
to make inquiries, in answer to which the man said he
brrohuigshatnistw, the
er excitedsheep having died of water on the brain.
the foreman s suspicions, and he
sent for police-constable Roberts, who upon searching
the other end of the wallet found a sheep skin therein,
and several pieces of mutton, which appeared to have
been cut from the hind legs. The police-constable took
the man to the station-house, and delivered him into the
custody of superintendent Roberts, who ascertained the
next morning that a sheep, the property of Mr. John
Edmonds, farmer, Panteque, had been slaughtered, and
about 51bs. of the hind legs taken away, leaving the rest
of the carcase in the wood adjoining the meadow where
the sheep was killed. The prisoner was brought up the
same day before the Revs. J. Probert and David Jones,
when upon the application of superintendent Roberts he
was remanded until Monday, upon which day he was
brought before the same magistrates, and committed to
Usk for trial.
MILLERISM MAD.—Mr. Ducker, the lighterman of
one of the largest houses in Brooklyn, on Saturday last
discharged all his workmen, declaring the world would
not last beyond the 21st inst., and probably not beyond
the 16th.—American paper. Millerism is at this time
making considerable stir in some parts of the States, and
late papers give numerous instances similar in spirit to
the above.—Liverpool Albion.

TO YANGFANG.
(From the Times.)
Dear Yangfang.—ln case the great eye of the barba-
rian editor should be so bunged up with work that it I
cannot, until this moon is out, look at your pithy ques-
tions in his Gazette of this morning, let me reply to one
or two of them.
We are Christians in this country by religion, dear
Yangfang. We
,have no gilded idols here—no mumbo-
jumbos with long arms and square noses, which we fall
down and worship. We never go up into a temple to
pray to blocks of wood and stone. We are taught here,
Yangfang, that covetousness is idolatry. None of us are
covetous—it is against the tenth commandment—there-
fore, none of us are idolaters.
Again, in this country, we all like the poor to be fed.
We have three Mandarins (called, from their gracious
kindness to the poor, the three Graces), who are kept
in a great house, called Somerset-house. for the express
purpose of seeing, and who particularly like to tee, that
the poor are fed. No one can doubt, then, that we all
like to see the poor fed. The nation puts theg9 Zdanda-
rins in that house, and feeds them for no other purpose.
They are called indeed, by many, Poor•law Commis-
sioners, and this is a name by which they are very
commonly known, but that is because they take care of
the poor-law. They have been in this house nearly
' fourteen years now, but they have not even yet finished
with taking care of the law. When they have done with
' taking care of that, some of our poor folks hope that it
may be left to take care of itself, and that then these
throe men may look a little after the wealth of the
poor. In Cathay, I believe, you would call these three
men barbarian eyes. In England we are longing to have
them put out.
You seem to wonder at the condition of the poor
here, and you ask why they are not properly supplied
with work. But how little you cs have observed the
face of the country, Yangfang, if you wonder at this.
In England we have people that we call " Boards."
Now a board, as you well know, is a thick wooden
plank, which is sometimes thicker at the head than at
the opposite end. If it is soft or yielding, the board is
generally thought useless. The harder and denser a
board is, the better, generally speaking. If it splits, it is
done for, as we say. It is also a very common expres-
sion in this country (as you must have observed in your
travels) that a man is at the same time both boarded and
done for. Now these boards that I speak of are common
all over England. They it is who board up the wife
from the husband—the husband from the wife and chil-
dren. You ought not, therefore, to wonder that if Eng-
land is boarded all over, the poor should sometimes be
done for.
Our three Mandarins that I spoke of just now, are like
yours. They " grind the faces of the poor"—that is the
" real English honest word" which you ask for. And
there is a Great Book, Yangfang, which you may never
have heard of, but the words of which are true, that
says, in plainer English still, that men who do grind the
faces of the poor shall be accursed.
One answer more, and I have done. We do, as you
say, empty our native manure into our rivers, and send
to Ichaboe for birds'-dung. But the reason is very plain.
We like proverbs here i❑ England, and are believers in
them ; and we have an old one, that " the farthest way
round is the nearest way home." Now, we are mightily
fond of home, and not a little proud of it either, and
Ichaboe, as you know, is the farthest way round. Don't
you see ? We have also another saying in our homely
tongue, friend Yangfang, which we think something of—
that "cleanliness is next to godliness." You have been
into our churches, I know, and have noticed that, al-
though in England there are 100,000 very dirty men, a
very dirty man is never seen in them. Now, there is an
old-fashioned impression among some of our people,
that it is not a bad thing to worship our God; and I be-
lieve that it is this impression among others which in-
duces them to do (what at first sight may naturally
surprise you) something towards making them cleanly.
" Dirty ' with us is a term of reproach. For instance,
we call the American nation a dirty nation for filching
our money from us. Anything low and dishonourable
we call " dirty work." You have noticed the barnacles
on the bottoms of your junks at Wangfong. Immorality
sticks to a dirty man as close as those barnacles stick to
the junks' sides. Do you see why an Englishman should
be clean? But, perhaps, it is not the same with you in
your province of Quantang.
You must live a long time with us, my dear Yang-
fang, before you can quite understand us. There is
good as well as evil among us. We have Mandarins
who brighten, and who never grind the faces of the
poor. Your friend,
Saturday. JOHN BULL.

N AMINO OF STREETS.—At the Court of Commis-
sioners of Sewers, yesterday, Mr. Hickson, the principal
freeholder of the property situate in Water-lane, Fleet-
street, attended with a memorial signed by the other
freeholders of the remainder of the property, praying
that the Court would allow the name to be changed into
Whitefriars-street. The Court acceded to the applica-
tion, remarking that whenever the owners of property
applied for such an alteration, the application would be
attended to.

BIRTH IN A MAIL COACH.--On Saturday last a
young woman, a native of Swiubrook, near Burford,
Oxon, who for some time past has been living in service
at Oxford, was proceeding from that city to her home
as an inside passenger by the Oxford and Cheltenham
mail-coach, and when about thrce miles from Burford

she was suddenly seized with the pains of labour, and
safely delivered of a fine boy. On the arrival of the
coach, with this singular addition to its load, at the
Bird-in-Hand Hotel, Burford, the mother and child re-
ceived the kindest attention from Mrs. Humphries, the
worthy landlady, and are both doing well.
The South Wales Turnpike Trusts Commissioners
have concluded their circuit, and have examined into the
affairs of every trust in the southern division of the
principality. The monetary affairs of the different trusts
have been ascertained to be in a much more healthy state
than was supposed to be the case. We understand the
award of the creditors of the trusts will be given on the
Ist of January, 1845, and of course the necessary ar •
rangements for carrying the Act into effect by the ap-
pointment of county roads boards and district boards and
officers will be commenced at the quarter sessions, which
will take place in the week following the beginning of the
year.— Welshman.
We find the following in the Glaneur du Haut
Rhin of the 25th ult :—" Since the opening of this rail-
road through Alsace our physicians have been called to
render assistance to cure several diseases caused by tra-
velling in open carriages. Travellers run in all haste
in order to arrive at the station-house before the starting
of the train ; they enter the waggons in a state of per-
spiration, and are exposed to currents of cold air. Hence
we see neuralgias, pleurisies, and consumptions multi-
plied, and even acute opthalmia, caused by the ashes car •
ried into the eyes by the wind. Several physicians have
given the epithet railroad catarrh" to the cough now so
prevalent in our district."
LONGEVITY.—Three persons died in Stromness
within the last fortnight, whose united ages were 277
years—being, respectively, 94, 92, and 91 years—pre-
served their faculties to the last, although—what seems
very wonderful—the eldest had been deprived of sight
and hearing for some time before, but had them restored
in a great measure lately. Another person died a week
before, in the same small town, aged 80. There is a
woman living in Evie a hundred years old, said to be the
"oldest inhabitant' in Orkney. She, however, is not the
person alluded to often under that designation, as she is iu
her second childhood, and remembers little or nothing,
and cannot be taken as a general reference. —John
0' Groat Journal. _ _

CAUTION TO LICENSED VICTUALLERS.—Yesterday
a case was heard at the Clerkenwell Police•court, which

ought to be known throughout the trade. Mr. Sargent,
of the Kings and Key, Fleet-street, sent out, to order,
one pint less than two gallons of spirits. He did so
without a permit, under the impression, which we believe
to be generally prevalent, that licensed victuallers are
privileged to send out, without a permit, any quantity of
spirits under two gallons. While proceeding with the
order for delivery, the messenger was stopped by Excise
officers, taken into custody, and conveyed before the
magistrates at the Clerkenwell Police court. The case
having been set forth by such officers, the magistrates
declared that a penalty of 1001. had been incurred. Mr.
Sargent thereupon stepped forward, and stated that the
messenger had acted under his directions, and that he
had proceeded under the impression, general he believed,
that the law sanctioned his conduct. The magistrates
immediately said that under such circumstances they
should mitigate the penalty to 25L, repeating that the
law only allowed the sending out of quantities under one
gallon without a permit. Mr. Sargent immediately paid
the fine. It is to be hoped that there may be an appeal
to the Commissioners of Excise ; and that in a case of
such obvious correctness of intention, where no infraction
of the law was contemplated, Mr. Sargent, who has been
only six months in the trade, acting on a general (though
it now appears erroneous) impression, the penalty may
be entirely remitted.
DETERMINED SUICIDE.—On Saturday morning,
about five o'clock, as an engineer, named Henry White,
was proceeding by Westbourn-green, Paddington,
he beheld the dead body of a man suspended by
the neck with a cotton handkerchief, one end of
which he had fastened to the top of some
wooden paling on the premises of the Great
Western Railway Company. The deceased was im-
mediately cut down, and shortly afterwards removed to
the station-house, Paddington-green ; life had evidently
been extinct for some hours. The deceased, who ap-
peared to be about fifty years of age, was dressed in a
black coat, waistcoat, and trousers, and Wellington
boots ; a razor was found in one of his pockets, but
there were no papers of any description upon him by
which any clue could be obtained with regard to his
name or connexions.
THE TELEGRAPH AT. THE ROYAL MILITARY ASY-
LUM, CHELSEA.—It having been found that the steeple
of the church, in course of erection by the Marquis of
Westminster, on his Pimlico estate, at the corner of the
fine new square recently formed, called Chester- square,
and Elizabeth-street, Pimlico, will be exactly in the line
of view between the telegraphs at the Admiralty and
the Royal Military Asylum at Chelsea, which continues
to Wanstead-heath and Portsmouth, aiM will prevent
their working for the important purposes for which they
were erected, the authorities have given permission for
the telegraph to be removed from the Asylum to the
Royal Hospital, which will do away with the difficulty,
and answer the purpose equally well. The conditions
upon which the removal has been sanctioned by the Ad-
miralty are, that the Marquis is to be at the sole ex-
pense of removing the telegraph and the extensive
machinery, and re-erecting the same in the appointed
position.
THE FOG.—SO dense was the fog during a great
part of yesterday, throughout the metropolis, that
gas, oil, and candles were called into general requisi-
tion, not only in the public shops, but in private houses,
and the coach thoroughfares were so exceedingly dan-
gerous to travel, that it required the omnibus drivers,
&c., to exercise the utmost caution in the management of
, their vehicles, in order to avoid accidents.