The Sun.
London, England, 1850-06-10 00:00:00

EVENING, JUNE to, 1850.

id! tance:—Lieutenant-Com. E. J. De Haven,
Philadelphia, commander of the expedition ; Acting
Mast .er, William H. Murdaugh, Norfolk; Midship-
man', William S. Lovell, New York ; Dr , Kane.
Re scue :—Master-Com. Passed Midshipman S. P.
Grill' in, Savannah ; Acting Master, R. R. Carter,
Virginia ; Dr., Vreeland, New York ; Midship-
man, Brooks.

_le he crew of the Advance consists of fifteen men ;
the Rescue having a crew of thirteen men. The
vess Os are lying at the Brooklyn nary yard, and all
who feel an interest in the subject we would advise
to gc ► and see them.
As, respects the route to be pursued by the vessels
of tl 3e exploring expedition, we understand that the
inst: ;nations received by Lieutenant-Com. E. J. de
Hal ,en from the United States Naval De-
part 'went are to the following effect :—That
on it! eying New York he shall make the best of
his •n •ay to Lancaster Sound. Having passed Barrow
Strai t safely, he will proceed northward to Welling-
ton ( Thannel, and westward to Cape Walker, after
whicl 1, the state of the ice and other circumstances
will influence him in deciding the course he will
pursu e. Supposing he should be unable to proceed
throui ;h Barrow Strait, he would then sail to Jones'
Sounc I and Smith's Sound. Finding these closed or
imprei cticable, and not having succeeded in getting a
clue •to the lost expedition, it is presumed the season
woad be too far advanced to make an attempt in any
fresh direction, and the vessels are instructed to re-
turn to New York. Under any circumstances, Lieu-
tentuat-Commander De Haven is strongly urged not
to remain more than one winter in the ice. The
general directions are, that the search should
be solely confined to those portions of the
Arctic regions that have been as yet unex-
plored. For the safety of the expedition, it is ad-
vised that a place of rendezvous be always ap-
pointed, so that in the case of a separation they might
be enabled more easily to meet. The expedition is
furnished with a large supply of books, and a number
of charts, &c., forwarded by Lady Franklin, together
with a form of prayer appointed to be used in Ross's
expedition. We are informed that Mr. Grinnell has
ireceived a most interesting autograph latter from Lady
Franklin, in which she expresses her gratitude to him
for his disinterested exertions in search of her lost
husband. In the same packet she has enclosed a
packet to Sir John Franklin, to be handed to him in
the event of his being found. It is Mr. Grinnell's
intention, we understand, to proceed two or three
hundred miles to sea with the expedition, returning
in the pilot boat. In concluding our notice of this
noble enterprise, we would only express the hope
that so many laudable exertions may not go unre-
warded.

THE HIPPOPOTAMUS AT THE
ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS.
The following letter has been sent by Professor
Owen to the editor of the " Annals of Natural
History" :
" I send you a few notes on the newly arrived
hippopotamus, whilst the impressions of the survey
of this truly extraordinary quadruped are fresh in the
mind, and thinking they may interest our zoological
friends in the country who have not yet had the op-
portunity of inspecting this great rarity.
"'The young hippopotamus was safely housed in the
comfortable quarters prepared for it at the Zoological-
gardens about 10 o'clock on Saturday night (May
25th), having arrived by special train from South-
ampton, where it was landed from the Ripon steamer,
which reached that port early in the morning. The
strong attachment of the animal to its keeper removed
every difficulty in its various transfers from ship
to train, and from waggon to its actual abode.
" On arriving at the gardens the Arab who has had
the charge of it walked first out of the transport van,
with a bag of dates over his shoulder, and the beast
trotted after him, now and then lifting up its huge
grotesque muzzle, and sniffing at its favourite dain-
ties, with which it was duly rewarded on entering
its apartment. When I saw the hippopotamus the
next morning it was lying on its side in the straw
with its head resting against the chair on which its
swarthy attendant sat. It now and then uttered a
soft complacent grunt, and, lazily opening its thick
smooth eylids, leered at its keeper with a einglar
protruding movement of the eyeball from the pro-
minent socket, showing an unusual proportion of the
white, over which large conjunctive vessels converged
to the margin of the cornea. The retraction of the
eyeball is accompanied by a protrusion of a large and
thick palpebra nictitans, and by a simultaneous
rolling of the ball obliquely downwards or inwards or
forwards.
"The young animal was captured at the beginning
of August, 1849, on the island of Fobaysch, in the
White Nile, about 2,000 miles above Cairo; it was
supposed to have been recently brought forth, being
not much bigger than a new-burn calf, but much
stouter and lower. The attention of the hunters was
attracted to the thick bushes on the river's bank, in
which the young animal was concealed, by the at-
tempt of its mortally wounded mother to return to the
spot. When discovered, the calf made a rush to the
river, and had nearly escaped, owing to the slipperi-
ness of its naked lubricous skin, and was only secured
by one of the men striking the boat-hook into its
flank ; it was then lifted by one of the men into the
boat. The cicatrix of the wound is still visible on
the middle of its left side ; the attendant informed me
that the scar was much nearer the haunch when
the animal first arrived at Cairo; its relative position
has changed with the growth of the body.
" The young animal, which we may reckon to be
10 months old, is now 7 feet long and 6 feet in girth
at the middle of the barrel-shaped trunk, which is
supported, clear of the ground, on very short and thick
legs, each terminated by four spreading hoofs ; the in-
nermost is the smallest on the fore foot; the two middle
ones, answering to those which are principally deve-
loped in the hog, are the largest in both feet. The hind
limb is buried in the skin of the flank nearly to the
prominence of the heel. Thick flakes of cuticle are in
process of detachment from the sole. There is a well
defined white patch behind each foot, but I looked in
vain for any indications of the glandular orifice
which exists in the same part of the rhinoceros. The
naked hide covering the broad back and sides 13 of a
dark indiarubber colour, impressed by numerous fine
wrinkles crossing each other, but disposed almost
transversely. When I first saw the beast it had
just left its bath, and a minute drop of a glisten-
ing secretion was exuding from each of the con-
spicuous muco-sebaceous pores which are dis-
persed over the whole integument, at intervals
of from eight lines to an inch. This gave the hide,
as it glistened in the sunshine, a very peculiar aspect.
When the animal was younger the secretion had a
reddish colour, and, being poured out more abundantly
the whole surface became painted over with it every
time he quitted his bath. The integument is im-
pressed by a groove which passes transversely from
shoulder to shoulder ; and there are two transverse
nuchal folds, crossed by a median longitudinal fur-
row, the lateral moieties of the strong ligamentum
nuclue forming a pair of well marked prominences
behind the occiput. The ears are very short, conical,
fringed with short scattered hairs along the lower
half of their thick borders, and beset with a few
clumps of short hairs upon the middle of their inner
surface. It moves them about with much vivacity.
The dark colour of the body extends forwards along
the middle of the upper part of the head and
more faintly along the cheeks. The skin
around the ears is of a light reddish
brown colour and almost flesh coloured round
the eyelids, which defend the peculiarly situated and
prominent eyes. There is a single groove or fold
above the upper eyelid, and two curved grooves
below the lower one. At first sight they seem to be
devoid of eyelashes, but on a close inspection a few
very short hairs may be seen on the thick rounded
margin of the upper lid. There is a caruncle or
protuberance on the middle of the outer surface of
the nictitating lid. The colour of the iris is a
dark brown ; the pupil is a small transversely
oblong aperture. The eyeball is relatively small,
and is remarkable for the extent of the
movements of protraction and retraction. The nos-
trils, situated on prominences, which the animal has
the power of raising, on the upper part of the broad
and massive muzzle, are short oblique slits, guarded
by two valves, which can be opened and closed spon-
taneously, like the eyelids. The movements of
these apertures are . moat conspicuous when the
beast is in his favourite element. The wide mouth is
chiefly remarkable for the upward curve of its angles
towards the eyes, which gives a quaintly comic ex-
pression to the massive countenance. The short and
small milk tusks project a little, and the minute deci-
duous incisors appear to be sunk in grooves or pita of
the thick gums; but the animal would not permit any
close examination of his teeth ; withdrawing his head
from the attempt, and then threatening to bite. The
muzzle is beset with short bristles projecting at
pretty regular distances ; several of them appearing
to be split into tufts or pencils of short hairs. Ex-
tremely fine and short hairs are scattered all over the
back and sides, which are not very obvious, except
upon a close inspection. The tail is short, rather
flattened, and generally tapering to an obtuse point.
"After lying quietly about an hour, now and then
raising its head and swivelling its eyeballs towards
the keeper, or playfully opening its huge mouth and
threatening to bite the leg of the chair on which his
keeper sat, the hippopotamus rose and walked slowly
aboutits room, and then uttered a loud and short
harsh snort four or five times in quick succession,
reminding one of the snort of a horse, and ending
with an explosive sound like a bark. The keeper
understood the language, and told us that the animal
was expressing its desire to return to its bath. The
beast at this time was in one of the compartments of
thewing of the giraffe house, on the opposite side to
that in which its bath is prepared. It carries its head
rather depressed, and reminded me of a huge prize hog,
but with a breadth of muzzle and other features
peculiarly its own. The keeper opened the door
leading into the giraffe's paddock and walked through
that to the new wing containing the bath, the hippo-
potamus following like a dog, close to his heels. On
arriving at the bath-room the animal descended with
some deliberation the flight of low steps leading into
the water, stooped and drank a little, dipped his
head under, and then plunged forwards. It was
no sooner in its favourite element than its whole as-
pect changed, and it seemed inspired with new life
and activity ; sinking down to the bottom and
moving about submerged for a while, it would sud-
denly rise with a bound, almost bodily out of the
water, and splashing back commenced swimming and
plunging about with a cetaceous, or por-
poise-like, rolling from side to side, taking in
mouthfuls of water, and spurting them out again,
raising every now and then its huge gro-
tesque head, and biting the woodwork at
the margin of the bath. The broad rounded back of
the animal being now chiefly in view, it looks a much
larger animal than when out of the water. After
half an hour spent in this amusement, it quitted
the water at the call of its keeper and
followed him back to the sleeping room, which
is well bedded with straw, and where a stuffed
sack is provided for its pillow, of which the animal,
having a very short neck, thicker than the head, duly
avails itself when it sleeps. When awake it is very
impatient of any absence of its favourite attendant,
rises on its hind legs, and threatens to break down
the wooden fence, by butting and pushing against it in
a way strongly significative of its great muscular force.
The animal appears to be in perfect health, and breathes
when at rest, slowly and regularly, from three
to four times in a minute. Its food is now a kind of
porridge of milk and maize meal. Its appetite has
been in no respect diminished by the confinement
and inconveniences of the sea voyage, or by change
of climate. It is more than half-weaned from the
milk-diet, which, it is said, created a scarcity of
that article at Cairo, owing to the enormous supply
which the cravings of the young animal required
whilst under the fostering care of our excellent
Char d'Affaires, the Hon. Mr. Murray ;to whom,
after the Princely donor, Abbas Paella, zoologists at
home are chiefly indebted for the present opportunity
of studying this most remarkahle and interesting
African mammal, of which no living specimen has
been seen in Europe since the period when they were
last exhibited by the third Gordian in the Amphi•
theatre of Imperial Rome."

Sr. Jows DEL REY MININte COMPANT.—At the
annual meeting of the St. John del Rey Mining Company,
held on Friday, a half-yearly dividend of 1/. 10s. per share
was declared, and 10 per cent. was carried to the reserve fund.
The net profit on the working of the mines for the year was
38,135/. 175., and the amount of gold extracted was 270,458
oitaTio. After Z9lllO dicCll4.li9l3 the report was Adopted.

LAW INTELLIGENCE.
COURT OF EXCHEQUER, June 8.
(Sittings in Banco.)
F. O'CONNOR, 31 P., V. BRADSHAW.
Mr. ROEBUCK (with whom was Mr. Bagley), at the
sitting of the Court, begged leave to inquire the ground
on which the rule nisi for a new trial had been granted.
The application had been made on several grounds, and,
as the language of the Court in granting the rule was
somewhat general, it was very desirable that those on
whom would devolve the duty of opposing the rule
should know the exact ground.
Mr. Baron ROLFE intimated that the only ground on
which the Court wished the rule to be argued was whe-
ther the Chief Baron had misdirected the jury in telling
them that the Land Scheme was illegal within the opera-
tion of the Lottery Acts.
Mr. ATHERTON, who was counsel for the plaintiff at
the trial (together with Mr. Sergeant Wilkins), re-
minded the Court that the rule had been moved on
another most important point, namely the rejection of
those numbers of the Aortherit Star in which the ac-
counts of the scheme had been primed under the direc-
tion of Mr. O'Connor,', and in which it had been ex-
pressly made known to the subscribers and the public
at large that the estates were brought in that.gentle-
man's name as a trustee for the members.
The COURT, however, said that the rule had not been
granted on that ground.
It was then fixed that the argument should tak place
on Monday next, but afterwards, Mr. Sergeant Wilkins
applied to the Court to postpone the hearing to the sit-
tings in banco after term, and it:was underetood that this
application was ultimately exceed to.

COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEAL, June 8.
(In the Excheqt.er Chamber, before the Lord Chief Ju'-
tice WILDE, Mr. Baron ALDERSON, Mr. JUStiev
PATTES,.N, Mr. JUitiCo COLERIDGE, and Mr. Justice
CRRISWELL.

THE QUEEN v. WATTS.
It will be recollected that this case was tried at the
last sittings of the Central Criminal Court, before Mr.
Justice Cresswell, when the prisoner, who was the lessee
of the Olympic Theatre, was found guilty of larceny, for
having abstracted and destroyed a cheque or voucher,
the property of the Globe Insurance Company.
The case now came before this Court in the shape of
an appeal on certain points reserved by the Learned
Judge.

Mr. Cockburn appeared on behalf of the appellant,
and the Attorney-General in support of the conviction.
The facts proved at the trial were simply these :—Tlw
prisoner had been in the employ of the Globe Insurance
Company for many years, and in that capacity
he had the charge and custody of certain
books and papers, which he was to deliver up
to the company whenever required so to de.
Ho was also a shareholder in the company.
It appeared further that a drawing account was kept by
the company with Messrs. Glyn, the bankers, and
that a messenger was in the habit of going to the bank
every Tuesday for the pais-book and return cheques
and bills paid during the week, and it was his duty to
deliver these to the prisoner. On the 26th of February
last a cheque for 1,4004, which was supposed to belong
to the company, was paid by the prisoner into the Lon-
don and Westminster Bank on his own account, and
some suspicion having subsequently fallen on him, a
search was made for this cheque, but it was nowhere to be
found. It was not shown that the cheque had been
drawn by any one legally authorised ou the part of the
company. On this state of facts it was contended by
the prisoner's counsel that there was no evidence 'of the
prisoner having taken any property except that in which
he had an interest as a shareholder, and that be could
not be indicted for stealing anything in respect of which
he was a joint owner. Mr. Justice Cressvvell told the
jury, that if they thought the cancelled cheque was
received by the messenger and ,by him delivered to
the prisoner in the usual way, to be kept for the
use of the directors, and that afterwards the prisoner
abstracted or destroyed it, they would find him guilty cf
larceny. The jury, accordingly, found a verdict to that
effect, and the only question now was whether that di-
rection of the Learned Judge was a proper one under
the circumstances.

Mr. COCKBURN submitted that the above facts did not
go to prove a larceny, and that if they amounted to any-
thing at all, it was simply to a case of embezzlement.
In support of this argument he said the cheque in gees-
tion never came into the possession of the prisoner's
masters. The messenger, on receiving it from the bank,
placed it in the bands of the prisoner, so that the act
only amounted to a delivery of the cheque to one servant
by the bank, and by him to another servant.
Mr. Justice COLERlDGE—Supposing a footman was
sent to a silversmith to get a goblet or some other ar-
ticle, and he brought it back and gave it to the butler,
who locked it up in the plate chest, but afterwards ab-
stracted it, would that not amount to a larceny, al-
though the matter might never have seen it?
Mr. COCKBURN submitted that it would be an em-
bezzlement, and not a larceny. if the master was not
aware of his possession of the article, it would be a
question whether the mere putting into the plate-chest,
made it the poperty of the master. The case for the
prosecution only showed that the document was placed
in the hands of the prisoner, and there was no proof of
its having been abstracted or destro3 ed by him, and
that was a matter of considerable importance, as the
office in which it was deposited was open to the access
of many other persons besides the prisoner. The text
point in which he submitted the conviction was bad was
that the prisoner could not be found guilty of stealing
property in which he had a personal and joint interest,
he being a partner or shareholder in the company. The
company consisted of a vast number of shares, but was
not incorporated, and though the Act under which h
was established enabled it to sue or be sued, or to pro-
secute, in the name of the treasurer, yet the Act pro-
vided that all the common incidents of partnership
should continue. The Learned Counsel referred to
several authorities in which the view he contended for
had been taken, and submitted that the Court ought to
quash the conviction.
The ATTORNEY- GENERAL addressed the Court for the
Crown, and contended that when the defendant received
the cheque it was his duty to deposit it in some parti-
cular place of safety for the directors; that he received
this cancelled cheque in the usual course of business,
and was bound to hold it as the property of the directors,
who were elected from the whole body to manage the
finances of the company, and who had a property in that
cheque. The property was all along theirs, and even
the delivery to the messenger was, in fact, a delivery to
them. " Supposing," said the Learned Attorney, "I
send my. clerk to Messrs. Butterworth, the law book-
sellers, for a book, and he brings it back to my cham-
bers and he gives it to the laundress who stole it, would
it be denied that shecould be convicted for larceny?" The
cases were parallel. It was the defendant's duty to pre-
serve this cheque for his 'employers. He destroyed or
appropriated it, and therefore he was clearly guilty, not
of embezzlement, but larceny. It was argued that as a
shareholder himself, he could not be guilty of stealing
from himself. This was a fallacy. He chose to become
a servant of the company. 'Then, as it was his own
voluntary act, he must be bound by all the incidents of
that position. He took the cancelled cheque in that
capacity, and that capacity only, and not as a partner.
If, therefore, he appropriated or withheld it, animo
jurando, he was as guilty as if ho had not been a share-
holder. The jury had found him guilty "as a servant,"
therefore the capacity in which he took the cheque was
no longer one of law but of fact.
Mr. COCKBURN replied. •
The Conier intimated, as we understood, that they
would give their judgment on Saturday, the 22d inst.
No other case was heard in the Exchequer Chamber.

COURT OF BANKRUPTCY, June 8.
(Before Mr. Commissioner FINE.)
IN RE MARTIN LUTHER PRITCHARD.
This bankrupt was a share-broker of Liverpool, and
deputy-chairmen of the South-Eastern Railway Corn.
pany. He had also been in partnership with Mr. Dale,
who obtained his certificate some time since. The
bankrupt now applied for his certificate.
Mr. James Horatio Morgan, a member of the Stock
Exchange, and a stock and share dealer, examined, said
he had purchased shares to the amount of several thou-.
sand pounds on account of the bankrupt, but at length
was obliged to close the account. He lost about 1,3501,
for which he sacrificed property to the value of 3,0001.
Cross-examined by Mr. LAWRANCE—I was one of
others in removing this fiat from Liverpool to London,
for which I subscribed 101. or 121. I remember Dale
obtaining his certificate, and Pritchard passing his ex-
amination and subsequent application for his certificate
on the 9th of November. I was present on each occa•
sion, but gave no notice of my intention to oppose.
About the time of the bankruptcy I had an interview
with Pritchard, who asked me to go to Liverpool, and
look at his accounts. Ho said Mr. Mac Gregor owed
hire 7,000/. or 8.0001., and there were other assets to the
extent of 30,0001. and 40,000/. He told me to hold still
and in a short period I should get 20s. in the pound, and
he would be a comparatively rich man, with 20,000/. or
25,0001. in his pocket. That induced me not to oppose.
The extent of ,the transactions between us must have
amounted to between 50,0001. and 60,0004, and upon this
I received half commission.
Mr. LawaaNex—How long did these transactions
occupy? Witness—From January to March.
His HONOUR—Out of that 60,0001. worth hoW many
shares sh(add you say were delivered? Witness—
About five or ten thousand. As to the remainder
they were Pritchard's speculations, and none were de-
livered.
After bearing further evidence, and an address from
Mr. Lawrence,
His HoNotra must make a remark as to fraud to-
wards Morgan. Ho could see no ground for it. Mor.
gun had his 2s. 6d. in the 1001., the broker charging five
per cent.
Mr. Linklater said Mr. Pritchard, the bankrupt, owed
in May, 1849, 30,0004, without a farthing to pay it.
Taking all the circumstances of the case into considera-
tion, he (Mr. Linklater) called upon the Court to say
that the bankrupt was not to be trusted in legitimate
trade, and Vat the certificate be refused.
Mr. LAWRANCE said their had been no misrepresenta-
tion on the part of Mr. Pritchard ; his private debts
were only 300/. or 4001., his expenditure was of the
most limited kind. The case had occupied a Consider-
able portion of time, and, having regard to all the cir-
cualstanees connected with it, he (Mr. Lawrence), ea-
surnit•g that the bankrupt's character had been marked
by a want cf prudence, would ask had it not been
purged by the loss of time and expense incurred by Mr.
Pritchard in this inquiry ? He stood well with the
public, and biking at the lapse of time that had passed,
the Court must be asked to put the bankrupt in such a
position that hereafter no man meld say that he (Prit-
chard) had been unfortunate, and that there was nothing
against him, He (Mr. Lowrance) must ask for an mte-
diet() certificate ; and as to the question of class he
would leave that with his Honour.
give judgment,
IwloouNlodudnelwivaesr nuti
t i4rawwpereekp aorrodt
wtoo.
butn he
Judgminit clefarred.