The Sun.
London, England, 1868-10-20 00:00:00

RUSSIA.

The Russian Government has published a ukase which
it is feared will give rise to international difficulties. For
the purpose of preventing smuggling the Russian cruisers are
empowered to board and examine any vessel which may
be suspected of carrying contraband goods. This authority
is available for a certain distance beyond the Russian
coast ; but if a cruiser has given chase to a vessel, it is
stipulated that she may continue it in neutral waters to
any distance. The commercial societies of Prussia are
endeavouring to get this decree repealed.

(From the Anglo-American 2 Imes.)

The United States have recognized the successful
revolutionary Government at Madrid, having con-
firmed the action of the American Minister, who
was the,first publicly to acknowledge the Junta ;
and in a sort of semi-official way the Government of
Crete, which is now represented at Washington by
an authorized agent, who is working hard to secure
an actual recognition of the independence of that
island. The agent, Mr. Julius Bing, was formerly
connected with the Greek Legation at Washington,
and has long worked in the interests of Candia.

The question whether General Grant is hostile
to England has assumed additional importance by
the elections of this week. Not only has it been
often asserted that he is so, but yesterday the
Standard, in a leading article, stated that he " had
made no secret of his hostility to this country,
and that a large numbar of Fenians have
supported him in his candidature on that ground
alone." We have often put this question to inti-
mate friends of the General, always eliciting the
same reply, "Itis a great mistake. General Grant
means what he says, let us have peace ; and although
in couarnon with the Northern Army during the
war he viewed England with hostility as the main
support of the Lost Cause,' that feeling has died
out." It is improbable that a man of Scotch
descent should be s mitten with Anglophobia ; and
as far as the best tes simony goes, we can assert that
it is not the case with Grant. As regards the Irish
support it is confined to the ratting of the New
York Irish People, which the Democrat says, on the
authority of Nagle, went over for $5,000.

General M'Clellan is noticed as having grown
stout, and looking rem arkabli well. Although he
desired to avoid public displays, yet no sooner had
he landed than he became the object of marked at-
tention. On a serenade, a procession of soldiers, who
had served under him, passed in review, and dense
crowds gathered before his hotel, welcoming him
with the warmest salutations. Three cheers were
proposed for Senaour, but not well received, as the
meeting was -wholly intended to do honour to
APClellan. Ge neral J. Hobart Ward introduced
M'Clellan as the great commander of the army of the
Potomac, when he said—" I know, my friends, you
will not expect a speech from me; I am sure you
will be cont,ent wi4h the expression of my most sin-

cere and heartfelt thanks for this kind and cordial
welcome ou my return home—more, a thousand
times, than I had any right to expect. You will, I
know, excuse me from making any speech."
Ritualism is exciting some attention in America,
both north and south of the St. Lawrence. The
Canadian Provincial Synod not only condemned by
unanimous resolution the elevation of the elements,
the use of incense, mixing of water, the wafer-
bread, and vestments other than surplice, stole, or
scarf, but the Synod would not even hear the com-
munion table called "an altar." In Memphis, Mr.
Rogers, the pastor of the church " Blessed Virgin,"
has received an admonition from his bishop, but
not in the meek spirit of the dove. St. Alban's,
New York, continues its ritualistic practices
to the great annoyance of many. The General
Convention was about to hold its triennial session
in New York, and Bishop Potter had already de-
livered his charge to the Convention of the dioces.!.
At the general Convention of the Episcopalian
Church the subject of Church Reform in Italy will
probably be brought forward, and a reunion of the
churches discussed. In San Francisco the mem-
bers of the Greek Church have become so numer-
ous that the Bishop of Sitka has sent a priest to
organise a congregation, who now regularly per-
forms services there according to the rites of his
Church.

THE SUPPRESSED SEX.

(From the Anglo-American Times.)

Such is the title of an article in this month's
number of the Westnzinster Review, which pro-
pounds a theory regarding 'Women somewhat simi-
lar to that of HEPWORTH DIXON regarding Manners.
Yet on examination, in points, they are almost
contradictory, though both have a strong colouring
of truth. The Reviewer traces the condition of
women from its lowest stage in the Asiatic cradle
of the race, rising with the march of emigration
westward till it reaches its highest elevation in
America. Mr. HEPWORTH DIXON in the same way
traces gentle manners westward from the original
home of mankind, declining at every stage till the
contrast is reached between the soft, courteous,
polite Hindoo, and the roughness of Denver. Both
acknowledge the refining influence of woman. Yet
we have the sex in her lo west degradation
in the country of gentle manners, and the sex in
the highest estimation in such a State as Kansas.
There is something contradictory in this, although
susceptible of an easy explanation. The reviewer
regards war as the first cause of the degradation of
the sex, as men who made it almost their only busi-
ness learned to regard strength and animal courage
as the highest attributes. As in both, women were
deficient, they fell into contempt, which the neces-
sities as well as the effects of war increased. The
necessities which compelled the males to be under
arms forced the females to be not only domestic, but
agricultural drudges, and the effects in destroying
men brought about a disproportion of the sexes, by
which many women fell to the lot of one master
or husband. It is an economic law that things
become cheap in proportion to their abundance, an
in a community where women were in excess they
ceased to have much value beyond their pro luctive
power as slaves. The march of etnigration west-
wards, changed the proportion of the sexes. The
emigrants mostly were males of the more enter-
prising portion of the community, and where the
women were few the economic law which told
against their sisters in the old country, told in
their favour in the new, for when three or four
men strove for the band of one woman she
naturally rose in estimation, and was able to
assert an individual opinion. With the steady west-
ward progress was the rise, until at a certain period
of European history it was in the power of the
female sex to achieve the position to which they
now hope to attain, but they then lost their oppor-
tunity by that bane of womankind--vanity—and
the mere personal desire to shine in society. They
became the toys of Courts, where they might have
been the rulers and guides ; and it was not
till the still onward marsh westward brought
the race into America that the chance again offers
itself. The councils of the Puritan settlers of Mas-
sachusetts were deeply influenced by women, and
the records of the New England States show what
part the Goodys took in public affairs. Unfortu-
nately for them, an l for the sex generally, St. PAUL
had written the alth and 35th verses 14th chapter
Ist Corinthians, and this was a stumbling-block
which no Puritan of that day could get over. The
earnest desire, however, that all should read the
Word of GOD led to the general education of the
people without regard to sex ; and where the girls
had an equal chance with the boys, they quickly
asserted their equality, aye, even their superiority,
in intellect. Men maintain their inferiority, and
appeal to the history of the world for its confirma-
tion. The reply is, that they are inferior in
physical strength, and that that inferiority degraded
them in the minds of our savage forefathers, a
remnant of barbarism which still exists, having pro-
duced a system of education and society, suppressive
of their intellectual equality. A nation whose corner-
stone is slavery quickly resolved itself into two
classes—the haughty aristocrat and the degraded
serf. The aristocrat points to the degradation he has
himself caused, as the reason for the position of the
slave. He makes the class by his tyranny and
selfishness manifestly his inferior, and then declares
that inferiority to be the work of the ALMIGHTY,
and a full excuse, for his using the creature whose
humanity almost he denies, as a beast of burden.
Though woman was created to be the helpmate of
man, and though so intimately associated with
him as the mother of his children, such is the
innate selfishness of the lords of creation that
wherever their intelligence rose but little above
a state of war, they degraded the secompanions into
a condition little superior to that of slaves. Of
course, this was accompanied with the declaration
that the animal was inferior, and therefore was in
her proper place. We go on accepting these tradi-
tionary statements as truths, without inquiry, and
it shocks all our notions of propriety when they are
called in question. So completely are we the crea-
tures of habit and of early training that women are
the first to oppose the new notions regarding them-
selves. They scouted the idea of employing a female
doctor, and the ladies who have risen superior to all
opposition in qualifying themselves for this profes-
sion have found no small portion of their trials to etna-
nate from their own sex. The question which really
concerns mankind is, whether it would be beneficial
to the race that women should be granted terms of
full equality, which means, that the law recognizes
no difference, that education be alike, schools and
colleges being open, as well as the professions.
They would then take the place in the world, from
day labourers to seats in the Cabinet, to which
they could attain, and why should they not ? We
very well know that their place will be no higher
than that for which they are qualified, and if it be
lower, not only is an injustice done to them, but
also to the human race. It is manifestly so when
a lady who might aspire to eminence in a profes-
sion becomes " a girl of the period," and developes
to the " Fashionable woman." If these descrip-
tions approximate even distantly to the truth,
it is clear that our system has been a false
one which permits a fertility of intellect to
run into such a wild waste of weeds. We have
the fact demonstrated beyond contradiction, both
in England and America, that if there be any dif-
ference in the mental capacity of girls and boys, it
is in favour of the former, the test having been tried
again and again in the schools and colleges of both
countries. But beyond this we have not advanced,
and the opponents of change are enabled to assert
that women are physically incapacitated from pur-
suing the professions and handicraft labour of men
although as children their intellectual capacity may
be even superior to that of their brothers. Were it
not that this question had been tried, it, also, would
be denied. Would it not be better to test the after
result likewise, and see whether women could
develope useful faculties in medicine, in law, in
divinity, in journalism, as well as in the skilled
labour of the compositor, the watchmaker, and
the like ? If they could, and the worn does not
utilize the power, so much the worse for the world.
A man having an orchard might with as much wis-
dom enforce the barrenness of half his trees to en-
hance the value of the fruit of the other half ; or,

to take steps, if he had a dairy, to keep most of hIS
cows dry, while they eat as much as those that gave
milk. The reviewer says :—" We believe that mail
is only half living in so much of his world as
woman is excluded from ; that he is only half
seeing truth, only half discovering the laws and the
beauty surrounding him, because one of his eyes
with a subtle light of its own is closed, in the
ignorance of woman." We go on from cen-
tury to century, blind to a fact which nature
has made as plain as sunlight, and after adopt;
ing it marvel greatly at the dense stupidity of
generations. We then find that it was what natura
intended, and that we have been neutralizing her
benefits through a system as artificial as that which
produces the feet of the Chinese women. Tha.t;
we behold with pity, indignation, contempt, Yet 1
prevails among a large portion of the human race'
Is it not possible that our own conventionalities
have something of the mental narrowness which
5
we there see physically illustrated? " WWl°
home duties employ their time" is the ready reply if
those who urge a broader field for the sex, as
most of the ladies of the upper classes in Englaad
had any home duties, or any object except the half
hopeless one of getting married. Many of them are far
superior in intellect to the brothers who are earnlal
their livelihood in professions, and why should net
the positions be changed, the mentally gifted sote
being in the profession, and the handsome brother
looking out for a wife ! Clearly this would be til°
natural arrangement ; nor would the circumstanee'
be altered by marriage, when both the woman and
the man earned money by professions. Indeed the
t,
security would then be nearly double, and the
means of living more ample, while we grant that,:
family would lessen but not destroy the haclY•
opportunity of earning money. Doubtless,
radical change would be effected in society,
women would lose much of that feeling of del
pendence and with it a portion of the char;
conveys, but many false theories would be dpi
sipated, such for instance as the notion dells'
from Eastern countries that the free intercourse of
the sexes, although bred and educated to that In
t,,r.lourse, would increase immorality. That itinigbi't
under present circumstances, we do not deny, ba,the
has been proved in America that it does not under 0
altered conditions of the training, while it has ale 0
been demonstrated that woman retains and e%ercla:
a beneficial, refining influence on men, in all t"0
seminaries into which she has yet been admitted.

Miss Burdett Coutts has kindly consents 1 t°
open on Saturday, the 24. h the new wing3l3tellt
added to the Commercial Travellers' Schools, building
Pinner.
The council of the Manchester Chamber of CIS/;
merce resolved on Thursday to invite the Hon. Boceuri
Johnson, the United States MinisOr, to a banquet wfof
is to be given on tho 27th instant to the Diare"
Salisbury.
We li we an amusing instance of " What's in a 13319,,t
Captain Parr, a delegate from Nausemond to the rec;t-of

Constitutional Convention in Virginia, was the invenn;e,
of the now well-known epithet, "Carpet-bagger." In cf
queue() of this term, carpet-bags have fallen into suceos
repute that not one can be sold iu the South ; and t fora
have suffered who had a stock on hand of an article be
readily saleable. As usual men have run into the °O0a
site extreme, and although the habits of tho carpet-14;5,
have changed as little as his wardrobe has inere3ol
yet nothing but trunks the size of a Newfoundland's Ice a 0
will now suffice, and the railway officials are disguste
the change. An expostulation lately elicited the f°l 'fort
port
ing reply from a genuine specimen of the tribe . s
suppose," said he „that the trunk, big as it is, contslfiper
wardrobe ; there is in it a shirt front and a dozen Pie'
collars." We may ,here mention that "
is given by Bartlett, in his vocabulary of -14"-the
canis:ns, as something especially vulgar, and ft' .511
illustrated edition of "Webster's Dictionary," J3'',„l.op,
is quoted, and the word is defined as a miserable
a scapegrace. Wade Hampton defined it to be the 111;rat
the most degenerate, and ill-conditioned cattle a 5
and it has long been known in the South as a term °f lied
vilest reproach. Indeed, those to whom it was alliso,
merited there the most opprobrious epithet in the flo
guage—a man of Southern birth, who has deserted
side for a political reward.
The New York Times gives an interestin:gotl
count of the settlement of the Dutch in the ,uisiit
States :—" Twenty-one years ago, in the winter of
rcsJO
33 Netherlands arrived in the United States and svlial,
their way to a tract of land which tney purchased more
was then an unbroken wilderness, on the eastern siaef
Lake Michigan, six miles from where the Black„ log
empties itself into the lake. Here they erected t",
"or
cabins, large enough to furnish all with temporar,Y,Z tlO
tars. Plain rugged men, they set to work to subu"-fort:
stubborn ground and frowning forest and make Ire
able homes for themselves and their families. ors'
arrivals from the fatherland added to their nur°o:l,l'
in due time log houses gave place to substantial cot'
inns; mills for sawing and grinding, furnaces for 05119
ing farming implements, shops and stores gra„lati'l
arose. At this day the city of Holland has a porocil
of throe thousand, with its mayor and common °°,o3oo`
its three Dutch journals, four churches, union
with four hvudred and fifty scholars, grammar Serlo
college, and theological seminary, the first profeS'-001'
theology being installed last month. The entire pr
land colony proper is 20 miles by 16 in extent, thor
lation some 15,000. Fine crops of grass and graidap,
ward their toil, the magnificent forests supply abut' • 6F"
Cble
of fuel and timber, fruit thrives admirably, and „vp.,:,
and Milwaukee across the lake are markets for the s:ijci
Four-fifths of the population are pure Hollanders,
three of the four churches the services are stilly wil°ool,
Dutch, the congregations singing every Sunday th,eoora
psalms to the same tunes that in the 17th century e'ci
the souls of their persecuted forefathers. liollanboreei
hitherto sent comparatively few emigrants to our ~0100,'
the plenty and content of its population precluding tb
tary expatriation on any large scale ; the success °rt 0
experiment may invite more ventures on the
those who desire a wider scope for their energies /001_,
their circumscribed country affords. In whateYer abet
hers they come, their character and habits will mall tileP
an element of strength and prosperity to the land 0
adoption. l5
The Worcester County, Massachusetts, re,;er
stitute of Industrial Science will be opened Novera:Tio,l!,;
examinations for admission being held the week 1,140 1"
tuition is free to residents of the county and
others.
00.
[ADyFRTISEMENT.] Holloway's Pills. w
Maladies.—ln our variable climate bronchitis, coughs, ce-,:iteP,
many other chest and throat complaints, mark with re'S-bot
regularLy the change of seasons, and we are all aWsOiatgeo °de
certain times disease runs through the people like the
old; under such critical circumstances we all should 100
know that Holloway's Pills can check and arrest these 041
ties. This purifying medicine e'apcls from the blood snLy
tie'l
all obnoxious matters which breed both contagion and 1010 1115
aoD
maladies. It institutes a radically curative rather that;
tive treatment. Holloway's Pills should be taken vidtll%;leer
moment's delay when disordered stomach, headache, of re"
dO.
ness betokens derangement of the frame. boio-04
(ADVERTISEMENT j— Consumption, and all nervous, rafaid
stomach,and liver complaints in every stage are only agg;rfee`ti,
and accelerated by drugs of every description, but Ps" vooj
curable by Du Barry's health-restoring Revalenta Aralotc!idete
as proved by thousands of cases which had been cons „,"
hopeless; such as indigestion (dyspepsia), cough, astha7o,od;
sumption, habitual constipation, diarrhoea, all gastric d„e000,,,:
ments, haemorrhoids, liver complaints, flatulency, ner°,-00,
biliousness, fevers, sore throats, diphtheria, catarrhs, 044
flueuza, noises in the head and ears, rheumatism, g0i1,'",09e:,-,
rities, eruptions, hysteria, neuralgia, irritability, sleeps glop
acidity, palpitation, heartburn, headache, debilitY, or
cramps, spasms, nausea and sickness, even in pregnag,c„' clOb
sea, sinking fits, bronchitis, scrofula, tightness of rs,l
pains at the pit of the stomach, and between the 811,911'411.W
We quote a few.—The Pope's health restored by 1"„pelt11.11
Food. Cure No 68,413.—" Rome, July 21, 1366.—The -.0
the Holy Father is excellent, especially since, abatlo.-prefol
other remedies, he has confined himself entirely to Du Aateol
Revalenta. Arabica Food, of which he consumes s„eroeftc„io
at every meal. It has proluced a surprisingly The
effect on his health, and his Holiness cannot Prt
excellent food too highly." From the "Gazette s,r 010,
July 25. Cure No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, tinlilelo,
chant, of Frimley, Surrey, of thirty years' diseased niese.of
spitting of blood, liver derangement, and partial d0,41;1
Cure No. 1,771. Lord Stuart de Decies, Lord Lieute-,.
00,
Waterford, of many years' dyspepsia.—No. 49,932%,„005ed
years' indescribable igony from dyspepsia, no,r.,'"os !of
asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sios",eol'ss
vomiting.—MariaJoly." Important Caution.—Eo ware of tswitilo
unsavoury and more than sloppy imitations to which„,' ;
authority, Baron Liebig's name is most audaciously s"-
lbs, llpl
to,
In tins, at ls. lid.; 1 lb., 2s. 9d.; 2 lbs., 4s. 6d. ; AO'
12 lbs , 22s ; 241bs ,40s, —Also Du BARRY'S REVALENTA '-copeno,,
CHOCOLATE PoWDBR is packed in tin canisters; For 11. 00#
25., for 24 cups at 3s. 6d., for 48 cups at 65., for 288 cuPloo,,ipi
for 576 cups at 555. Being about ono penny per cup- racy,
and 555. tins are sent free of carriage in England 00 so-
of Post Office Orden—BAßßY DU BARRY and CO.
Regent-street, London and all Grocers and Chemists.

Births.
olet"
MTGEEs—On the 15th inst' at 70, South Audlor
Mrs. R. W. Hughes, of a son. s
OMMANNEY —On the 16th inst., at The Planes, P°-
the wife of Montagu F. Olmanney, Esq., It°34-
neers, of a son. t
WAKE—On the 3d ult., at Simla, the wife of Cap
Wake, 21st Hussars, of a daughter.
Marriages. C re,l'
BODDA—P YNE—On the 12th iust , Trinity t (11!‘"to
Marylebono, Frank H. bodda, of 2. NottinghanlA-evc,':4'
York-gate, Regent's-park, to Louisa, youngosto-n-rtP"
of George Pyne, Esq., 28, Devonshire-street,
place. fir gilt°
THOMSON—HEIDEMAN —On the 19th inst., at "--vsi .4., is,
David Lionel, eldest son of David Thomson, 'pogo,
Eastbourne-terrace, London. to Antoniue, 001110°
ter of W. F. Ileidman, Esq., of Holland-road,
Deaths. tb
ATT WOOD -On the 18th inst., at Hoxton-square,
Ray. E. W. Attwood, 8.A., Oxon, aged 54.
Foxe—On the 17th inst., at Stamboul House, AlleJ
Norwood, Captain John Ford, 0.N., aged 63. 0,
GOWERS —On the 17th inst, Mr. Samuel GowerS,
ford-gardens, Kensington. ple'A
NOYES—On the 17th inst , at Chelsea, Charles
Esq., late of the Board of Trade, aged 78.

:114
101'11)1q1
London : Printed and Published by WLLLI&'d •-40 0
of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Thtli SUN 0101'02001
Strand, in the Precinct of the Se roy, in tb
Middlesex.—Tuesday, October 20, 1803.

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