The Sun.
London, England, 1844-02-12 00:00:00

NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS.

" An Old Reader of The Sun" is clearly entitled to place the profits
' and losses of his' two avocations against each other. He will be
chargeable with income-tax upon the net amount of his Income,
no matter from what source derived.

travene the simple, human; and beneficent views of
Parliament in the very process of carrying them into
effect—this result appears but too evidently, that,
hitherto!, these favourable dispositions on behalf of
factorylchildren have not been accomplished.
we are sensibly impressed with the fact by the
perusiell of the first of these nine "Reports," more
especially ; and the remaining eight do but confirm
HORNER
date,
atia
all
detail the general allegations of Mr. LEONARD
HR
"1
the
otManchester,her
October
Inspectors seem to be actuated by a very just sense,
NEkt
21, (Chief
8 4 1.3 n. is'pee mtorr.) 11, under
in the first place, of the object, scope, provisions, and
enactments of the Factory Act, and in the second, of
the powers confided to them thereby, and, of the
spirit lof fairness and discretion in which they
are to' be administered, as between masters and
operatives. We are, of course, entitled to as-
sume j that in the previous discussions of both
Houses upon the Act in question, and at the
time of finally passing it, all due care was taken to
secure' the interests anti proverty of the master-ma-
nufacturers and mill-owner, from being om unduly tam-
pered or intermeddled
. with. It is not necessary, there-
fore, here, to revel..
to the expediency or inexpediency
of 'such a measure. It is now law ; therefore it is
asserted that it should be strictly observed by all
who are r..;oncerned in the operation of its clauses.
These " Reports " demonstrate that its spirit,
in an enormous number of instances and
*its letter, in not a few—are habitually and
signally violated by the mill-owners, &c., or
their managers and overseers. Mr. HORNER,
in the course of the official tour of inspection to which
his first Report relates, found many instances, on the
part of these persons, of "carelessness as to certificates
of age and school attendance, of neglect in keeping
records, and fixing up the notices required by the rules
of the inspectors." He says he has "reason to fear
that there is a great deal of illegal over-working;
that many under eighteen years of age are worked
more than twelve hours a day." The difficulties in
guarding against such infractions of the statute,
arise, he says, from evasions easily practised,
"by alleging stoppages from accidents to the
machinery, time lost by this cause being allowed
to be made up ; and the dangers which
work-people run of losing their situations if they
give evidence against their employers." He thinks
that until the law is so altered as to take away this
power of making up time lost by accidents, and the
visiting officers be enabled to obtain evidence without
bringing forward the work-people, it will be impos-
sible to check fraudulent overworking. But, in the
mean time, he produces a variety ofcases to show how
destructive to the parties who suffer by these evasions
of the law are the illegal exactions practised on them.
" In Manchester there is a large mill where they are
now employing workers above eighteen years of age,
many of them young women just arrived at that
time of life, from half-past five in the morning until
eight at night, with no cessation from work, except
one quarter of an hour for breakfast, and three
quarters of an hour for dinner ; so that having to be
out of bed at five in the morning, and not getting
home till half-past eight at night, they may be fairly
said to labour fifteen hours and-a-half out of the
twenty-four.
Mr. SAUNDERS, writing from Leeds, and reporting
on the general external improvement of trade, espe-
cially the woollen and worsted trade, observes :
" One great drawback to the satisfaction arising from
the present active state of trade is, the encourage-
ment it affords to every kind of fraud, both in re-
spect to the ages of the persons employed and to the
hours of work." . . . . "In the worsted trade
I entertain a strong moral conviction that these
frauds prevail to a great extent. I have seen many
females, who have just completed the age of eighteen,
employed for thirteen, fourteen, •or fifteen hours a
day. In one mill, several who had been employed
for some weeks, with an interval only of a few days
(when, as one witness said, they found the weather
too hot'), from six ' o'clock in the morning
until twelve o'clock at night, less two hours for
meals, thus giving them, for five nights in the week,
only six hours out of the twenty-four to go to and
from their homes, and• to obtain rest in bed. Some of
these were employed in a room at a high tempera-
ture. What constitution can stand against such la-
bour ?" Mr. JAMES STUART bears a most honour-
able testimony to the factory masters in Ireland':—" I
feel myself quite at liberty to report that the provi-
sions of the Factory Regulation Act are in due ob-
servance in all the factories in Ireland, subject to the
law." Nor is this a less honourable or gratifying
eulogy on the parties employed by them. " The per-
sons employed in these factories, most especially all
employed in factories to the northward of Dublin,
adhere strictly to the temperance system of
Father MATREw." In his second Report,
dated the 23d of January, 1844, Mr. HORNER
again calls'Ahe attention of the Home Secretary to the
extent and variety of the evasions constantly
occurring, of the provisions of the Factories Act. In
the case of ECCLES and Co., proprietors of a spin-
ning mill at Blackburn, reported to him by Mr.
Ewmos, he shows by the account which his cor-
respondent gives of the result of certain proceedings
before the District Board against the house in ques-
tion, and in allusion to the penalty of 20s. (!) de-
creed against it, " how utterly useless it is for the
inspectors to attempt to carry out the provisions of
the Act with such support from the magistrates."
And we agree with Mr. HORNER; for, without
entering into the further corroborations to be de-
duced from the perpetual instances of wilful or de-
signed negligence on the part of surgeons, in certi-
fying to the ages of children found in factories at
regular work, of the forgeries of such certificates, in
some instances, by their employers, and occasionally
by their own parents,—we confess that the evils which
the Factories Act was passed to remedy, appear to
lie, for the most part, beyond the reach of legislation,
under existing circumstances. They are very often
the suggestions and the practices of cold, calculating
cupidity on the part of parents ; still oftener
of stern reckless avarice on the part of em-
ployers. The increased activity of trade,. it is
but too evident, has had little or no effect in rais-
ing the rate or accumulating the products of
the wages of labour. The unfortunate operatives
have had to part with so much larger a term of their
chances of physicial existence, by giving
more time
and labour for wages in no sense proportioned to
such additional sacrifice. Female labour has been,
•
and daily is, much more largely engaged and ,
in-
dependently of the moral abasement produced in them

• -
HE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, FEB. 1),.
THE MOMETER, Lowest, 31 ; Higllest, 38 ; Norc.B.
BAROMETER, 30.04.—W1ND, W.
/sl;9l4.—The number 32 on the Thermometer dt#APYrtlle
freezkig point, and 55 temperate. In Barometer 3
ustially 'placed opposite 30, and rain at 29. i c 7

111011 WATER AT LONDON-BRIDGE THIS DAY.
Mornbag 23 minutes after 7 J Evening •• 57 minutes after 7

SECOND EDITION..

HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE,
SEASON 1844.
The following outline of the arrangements for the ensuing season
is respectfully presented to the Nobility, Subscribers, and the Public.

Versailles, R. 8...
L. 8...

- _
—neglected homes and exiled comforts (the inevitable
consequences of their removal to the factory)—
have fearfully corrupted the habits of the
male adults of their families, whether as husbands
and fathers, or as brothers and sons. We rise
from the perusal of these Reports more than ever
solicitous to see these poor objects of well-intended
butinesffie
settled
in
t employment, legislative
more perma-
nentlyprotracted'as to be, as at present, absolutely destruc-
tive
to hum
of hu
manan subsistencelife;not
ts;not so des
so
underpaid
naos to be inade-
quatelate and hope-
less as to be, as now, incompatible with ordinary
enjoyment, health, or recreation. These desirable
consummations we are more disposed to hope for
fthroemEtmhane ecxipreattiioonnsooff
I stsnudcuharbyod/tao which as the " Society for
we have in
former papers earnestly directed attention, than from
the philosophy or binding force of any Act of
Parliament.

Madrid journals, of the 3d and 4th inst., have been
receive
received, from
at insurrectionrom which we
was made
vlearn that, on the 29th ult.,
an attempt at
Alcoz*, which
was suppreiSed by the troops and the National Guards.
A collision ensued, when some persons were killed,
and thirty of the insurgents captured. At Elcho,
of Murcia had
Cocentanyo, Orihuela, and Arturo, similar movements
ha.blockadedi boats. The
example, by shooting all those
been
A repressed.
ii
ean with
citadel of that place, had been which is strong,
de-
livered into the hands of the insurgents by a lieu-
tenant of the garrison. The Government, however, are
determined to make an
captured, as appears from an order of the Minister of
in the Madrid
the QUEEN, tO
WGaarzet*tte,Gdeinreeeratilnßg ohriimcs, Lin',
thpaubnlaismheedof
shoot the 30 insurgents taken prisoners at Alcoz. The
Minister requests him to forward to his department an
account of their execution for the information of her
MAJESTY, and enjoins him not " to' allow himself to
be stopped by thefear of any acts of retaliation which
the insurgents of A licant might threaten, for although
her MAJESTY should view with grief the victims that

THE SUN, LONDON, MONII)AY _EVENING, FEBRUARY 12, 1844

the fury of the rebels might sacrifice, yet the absolute
necessity that the law and public vengeance should
be a reality weighed still more in her Royal mind."
The Three per Cents, were done at 28i 304 31i 32
27i at different dates; the Five per Cents. at 201 at
60 days, 20 for cash.

On Saturday, the French Government received
the following intelligence from Spain :
TELEGRAPHIC DISPATCH.
" BAYONNE, FEB. B.—Carthagena followed on the 2d the
movement of Alicant.
" The Governor and some Chiefs were arrested by the fac-
tious. It is affirmed that the troops have pronounced for the
insurgents. This news has created the utmost enthusiasm
in Murcia in favour of the Government. A commission has
been appointed, to second the authorities. The troops of the
province are assembling at Orihuela.
" The National Guard of Burgos were disarmed on the 2d
without difficulty."
The events which have lately occurred in Spain
continue to occupy public attention at Paris, and
Queen CHRISTINA has had frequent interviews with
the leading men of the Government. On Wednesday
a long conference took place in the hotel where she
resides, at which SOULT and MARTINEZ DE LA ROSA
were present. On • the next morning her MA-
JESTY had an interview with the KING at the
Tuileries. According to the latest accounts
she still resolved to set out for Madrid
on the 15th instant. One of the Opposition
papers states that reports of a change of Ministry
were prevalent in the Hall of the Chamber of Con-
ference on Thursday. It was said that the GUIZOT
Cabinet would be modified, and that M. GUIZOT and
M. MARTIN would retire and be replaced by M.
PASST and M. DUJAURE. M. Griizor would, it
was said, return to London as Ambassador, and Al.
MARTIN (du Nord) would obtain the presidency of
one of the Chambers of the Court of Cassation. Th 6
Siecle and Patriot publish the same reports, but they
are entitled to little credit.

On Saturday the funds continued firm. The Three
per Cents. closing at 81f. 95c.; the Fives at 125 f.
20c.; Orleans shares at 856 E 25c. ; Rouen, 842 f. 50c. ;
Havre, 682 f. 50c.; Avignon, 768 f. 75c.
THE BOURSE—SATURDAY, FEB. 10.

First Highest Lowest Last
Price. Price. Price. Price.
French Five per Cents. • • 125 • • 125 25 • • 125 • • 125 20
Four-and-a-Half. • 112 50 • • 112 50 • • 112 50 • • 112 50
Four per Cents. • • 106 25 • • 106 25 • • 106 25 106 25
Three per Cents • 81 90 • • 81 90 • • 81 85 • • 81 85
Bank of France.. ....... 3280 3280 ..3280 • • 3280
Laffitte Bank, 5,000 f. Sharesso7o ..5070 • • 5070 • • 5070
Belgian Bank •••••• •• • .
1841 lOBO —lOBO —lOBO ..1080
Belgian Fives, 1840 •••• • • • 1091 • • 1091 .. 1091 • • 1091
1842 •••••••• 1101 .. 1101 •• 1101 .. 1101
Spanish Active
Passive 54 .. 51 .. 511 .. 511
Old Deferred.
Portuguese:Five per Cents— 471 • . 471 • • 471 • • 474
Neapolitan-- .• ••• • • • 106 45 .. 106 45 • • 106 • • 106
Roman lO6l .. 1061 .. 1061 .. 1061
RAILWAY SHARES.
• •• •• 352 50 .. 352 50 .. 352 50 .. 352 50
••• •• 187 50 .. 188 75 .. 187 50 .. 187 50
Rouen 842 50 . 842 50 •• 842 50 .. 842 50
Rouen to Havre...... ...• . 690 .. 690 • • 685 .. 685
Orleans 855 .. 857 50 .. 855 .. 857 50
Strasburg to Bale.. ••••• • . 250 .. 250 .. 248 75 248 75
Montpellier to Celle.. • ... 500 • . 500 .. 490 • • 490
Avignon to Marseilles.... • • 775 .. 775 .. 775 .. 775
RAILWAY SHARES, FOR THE ACCOUNT.
Versailles, R.B.
L. 8....... ••• • • • 187 50 • • 190 • • 185 • • 188 75
Rouen
Rouen to Havre...—. •• • . 685 • • 685 .. 685 .. 685
Orleans
Strasburg to Bale .
Avignon to Marseilles • • 770 • • 770 •• 768 75 .. 768 75

LAW INTELLIGENCE

QUEEN'S BENCH.-(THIS DAY.)
Mr. Justice Wightman sat at Nisi Prius to-day, with a
Middlesex common jury, and was occupied the whole morn-
ing in trying the cause of Duncan v. Louch, which related to
a disputed right of way at the bottom of Buckingham-street.
The case was not concluded when we went to press.

CRIMINAL COURT.--(THIS DAY.)
SPECIAL COMMISSION:
A Special Commission was opened this morning before the
Recorder, for the purpose of trying Charles ItPDonald, who
stands charged with the wilful murder of Thomas Green.
A grand jury having been summoned under the Special
Commission by the 9th of Geo. 4, c. 31, were charged by
the Recorder, who described the nature of the case. The
prisoner was the captain of a vessel trading to the coast of
Africa. Having gone to Africa, and entered one of the
rivers, he perceived one of the crew taking away a cask of
palm oil, and he immediately followed in pursuit in a boat.
A shot was fired from the boat which killed the deceased.
The Recorder went on to lay down the law on the subject,
and recommended the grand jury to find a true bill.
The grand jury then retired.
TILE LATE FATAL DUEL—TRIAL .OF CAPT. DUNCAN TREVOR
GRANT.
(Before Mr. Justice COLERIDGE and Mr. Justice CRESSWELL.)
When their Lordships entered the Court,
Mr. WHAuxs said that Capt. Grant was now in Court, and
ready to stand his trial.
Mr. Justice CRESSWELL said that when Capt. Grant had
surrendered they would notice it.
Captain Grant then rose, and having bowed to the Court,
entered the dock.
The Clerk then read the indictment, which charged the
defendant, Captain Duncan Trevor Grant, with aiding and
abetting Alexander Thompson Munro in the murder of
David Lynar Fawcett, who had been killed in a duel which
took place on the Ist of July,.: 1843, in the parish of St.
Mary,,, Islington. The defendant was charged in a second
count with aiding and abetting a, person unknown in the said
murder.
The defendant .ha+ing been ..celled on to plead, pleaded
" Not guilty":.iiVa 'firth-and decided voice. To the Coroner's
inquisition hea,a4,pleaded "got guilty."
.thoti*Ceeinzss,w.ELL aslged the Attorney-General
wheal*, he Was 46.pro4cute?
Tfre"AfronNEy-GENERAL replied in the affirmative.
Their l
NTEilimg said that
thefor some
Courtcould time,
eeu not try
JusticeMr
the case. till Wednesday. They would first try the case of
M'Donald under the Special Commission.
dsheittpEtt_ssh
Captain. Grant then -left the -ock in company with the
officer, who conveyed him to Newgate.

MONEY AND COMMERCIAL NEWS
CITY, QUARTER TO THREE.
A fair business was done in Cotton at Liverpool on Satur-
day, at previous rates. Sales about 7,000 bags, of which
speculators took 2,ooo.—Shares were quiet.; Grand Junction,
229 ; Birmingham, 245 ; Manchester and Leeds, Half, 51;
Paris and Orleans, 33k ; Paris and Lyons 3/. Os. 6d. ; Rouen
and Havre, 14i ; South-Eastern, 3511 ; ditto New, 354.
There are no arrivals to-day, nor have we any news of the
West India mail.
The Funds have to-day been very quiet, the proceedings
in the case of the Irish traversers having caused some sus-
pense. The Commissioners for the reduction of the debt, and
for the savings' banks, have taken 20,0001. Consols to-day at
97i ; Consols for transfer have realised 97} to #, and for the
Account about the same. Exchequer Bills have been 675. to
695. premium. The New Three-and-a-Half per Cents. are
102 to 6 ; the Reduced 103, and the Three per Cent. Annui-
ties, 98 to A. Bank Stock is firm at 193 ; and East India
Stock at 277.
The news from Spain is of a chequered character, and
there is some difficulty in judging whether the good or bad
predominates. The revolt at Alicant, it is supposed, will be
suppressed, but fears of a more matured rising elsewhere ap-
pear now to be entertained. The Five per Cent. Stock has
been at 23i to 23k, and the Three per Cent. at 32# to 32a,
which is an improvement of kto # per cent. Mexican are
steady at 34# to 34# ; Peruvian have risen to 28
for the Account. Colombian are marked 12# to l2lj ;
Buenos Ayres, 341 to 35, and Brazilian, 79 to 78k;
Belgian Bonds are worth 105#. Dutch Two-and-a-Half per
Cents. are supported at 55i ; and the Five per Cents. at 101#
to 1011. The French Four-and-a-Half per Cents. have been
at 11211 i and the Three per Cents. at 81f. 50c.
The Railway Shares are all rather drooping. Great
Western realise 36& to 36} ; Ditto New, 21 to 214 • Grand
Junction, 130; Birmingham, 142 to 143; South-Western
Eighths, 2i to 24 ; Manchester and Leeds, 4.3 i to 431 ;
Northern and Eastern, 9i to log ; Paris and Orleans, 13 ;
South-Eastern Scrip, 91 to 94 ; and Edinburgh and Glasgow,
8,1 to 8i premium. Eastern Counties are 124 ; Brighton, 5
to 5i ; 111idland Counties, 9 ; and North Midland, 4i to 51 dis.
BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK.
(From the Official List.)
Bank Stock 193
3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities
3 per Cent. Consols. Annuities 97N%
3 per Cent. Annuities, 1815. lO3
3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities
ew 3% per Cent. Annuities 102!4
Long Annuities, Expire sth Jan. 1860 12% 13-16
Bank Stock for Account
Exchequer Bills, 134 d. I M
1,0001.
5001.
Ditto Small 67 ... ...... ... 67 pm.
FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK.
Belgian Bonds, 5 per Cent 105%
Brazilian Bonds, 5 per Cent.
Columbian Bonds. 12%% I
Mexican Bonds, 1637, 5 per Cent.
Ditto for the Account 34%%
Peruvian Bonds, 6 per Cents —
Ditto for the Account 2.3
Spanish Bonds, Five per Cent 23 Vi ','a
Ditto for the Account
23'14
Ditto Passive Bonds
Ditto Three per Cent.
Ditto for the Account zik
Dutch 2% per Cents
Dutch 5 per Cents ioi g %
PRICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE.
RAILWA RS. PAID. PER SHARE

Eastern Counties
Ditto New 25 12% to —.
Ditto Extersion....... ..... ......... 13s 4d
Edinburgh and Glasgow 5O 5514% ... to
Ditto New
Great Western
Ditto 14, Shares 5O 71%
Grand Junction

2
Harwich Extension 0 to
London and Brighton
London and Birmingham Stock ..... . 243 to 242
Ditto 4 Shares
London and South Western 41% — ... . ..... to
Ditto Eighths
Manchester and Leeds 7O ll3 4 ... to
Manchester and Birmingham ... 40 ... 404 ...... to 40
Midland Counties
Northern and Eastern 45 b 5% 51% to 55
Noah Midland
Paris and Orleans
Paris and Rouen 2O 324 -
South Eastern and Dover 5O ...... ... 354 3314 to 344
Ditto Scrip -
MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, FEB. 10.—We have
considerable inquiry for several descriptions of stock, whilst
others may be quoted a shade lower :—Edinburgh and Glas-
gow, 594 ; Ditto Quarters, 141. 18s. 9d. ; Sheffield and
Blanchester, Quarter, 7i, 4, and 13-16 ; South-Eastern
Scrip., 36i ; Manchester and Salford Bank, 12 5-16, cum div.

A Cabinet Council was summoned to meet this after-
noon, at the Foreign-office, Downing-street. Soon after
one o'clock, the Cabinet Ministers began to arrive.
Sir Robert Peel, the Duke of Wellington, and nearly all
the members of the Cabinet, were present.
SALMON FistuNG.—Our fishing this season has
commenced pretty favourably. Twelve, good salmon have
been taken here, and at Dochfour no less than forty-five. In
the river Conan about twenty have been caught.—lnverness
Courier.

....,
, .-• cov 0.0 1.. , ~_..... A (
4' '' 'Z' '.
' *AIIIOI ,_ •
i'*ii- 1 --.:
• 3111*, 16 1 i., . EIS
.4
itti*:o; ,
.... .
- l• N 7- • ,
11 .^ 'Mk , .c..*..../..t., -
)
'l4laTifilitThnit(ll7' I ' '1 , "' • • —‘II.
. 'l° ,
,z 11.010; '''"'' k W