The Sun.
London, England, 1850-10-22 00:00:00

AMERICAN NEWS.

Th:,>. accounts from New York by the Niagara are
four days later than those by the Franklin. A fur-
ther arrival of an amount Equal to 360,0001. sterling
from California had caused additional ease in the
money market, and the rate for the best paper was now
6to 7 per cent. In the prices of stocks there had
been no alteration. In cotton there had been large
sales at to i cent advance, and a frost having oc-
curred at New York on the nights of the 6th and the
7th of October, exaggerated reports were expected of
the extent to which it might have been felt towards
the south. Besides the failure of Messrs. Gannett,
Balch, and Co., dry goods jobbers at Boston, there had
also been that of M'Williams and Gregory, in the
same business at New York. The former house were
in ir.ood credit, and their debts are stated at 400,000
dollars, hut the liabilities of the latter are small.
There had been a good demand fir bills on England,
and the market at the close was firm ut 110 i.
The details of the mining operations in Cali-
fornia are all of the same character as those
received by the previous arrival. The dates
are seventeen days liter, namely, to Ist of Sep.
tember. The failure of the " banking- boas( s" of lien•
Al'lclight, and Co., and Webass and Co., of S
crarnenta), is mentioned. Large subscriptions were
being raised for the relief of the overland emigrants,
whose near approach had been ascertained. Almost
all the Peru% ians (generally spoken of as Cbilian,)
had left the country in fear, and with the most hostile
feeling to the Americans. Some of the miners are
s iid to be steadily realizing extraordinary sums, but
the chief feature of the present accounts is the descrip-
tion of the results obtained from the goldrbearing
quartz. The Sun Francisco Herald, in a notice of
some of the specimens, says :
" Several lumps were selected, in which no particle
of gold could be discovered even with a microscope.
These were pounded in a mortar, and when reduced
to a fineness somewhat less fine than common table
salt, were washed in a rude tin pan. Each piece,
notwithstanding its outside unpromising appearance,
yielded, when so reduced, several grains of gold. The
estimated product was 12 cents to the pound of rock;
although we had heard this fact stated, we had hitherto
hesitated to give it credence; but we have certainly
seen the proof, and we no longer doubt. We believe
that a vast quantity of gold is thrown away by
miners, because of the want of machinery with which
to crush the rock and extract the metal.
" The Stockton and Aspinwall mines, from which
this ore was extracted, are situated near to the Mari-
posa camp, and are mostly on the main fork of the
little Mariposa creek. The location selected for the
mill and operation of the steam•engine and stamps,
is at the base of the mountain through which the
quartz vein runs, giving sufficient elevation to the
works for carrying away the sands that shall be
washed off in the process of collecting the gold.
The vein now being worked by several men in get-
ting out the ore is so accessible, that four or five adits
may be driven on its course at the same time, and ore
taken out the whole of the time this work is being
prosecuted ; and also affording an opportunity to take
ore from the back of the vein by other hands, when
it can be broken down with the pick and gad, with an
occasional blast. It is estimated that 140 gallons of
water will be wanted each minute for the washing of
the ores that can be reduced to fine powder by the
machinery. The location selected is well situated to
have this supply by the erection of a small dam, and
by cutting a race to the mill, so that the water can
be conveyed directly to the machinery and avoid the
necessity of pumps, which work is now undertaken.
" The mountain in which the vein of ore is found,
and which belongs to the Stockton and Aspinwall
mines, will afford a back of more than 500 feet from
the lowest adit now being made in the course of the
vein. These mines embrace 1,100 or more feet in
the course of the vein, and ores can be raised from
them at a low cost in comparison with the expenses
attending the mining on veins to which cross tunnels
have to be run to cut them.

" The machinery to be placed at these mines will
reduce and wash full 10 tons of ore per day, and the
gold gathered from the operation is daily ascertained.
The machinery adopted for use at these mines is of the
most approved kind, and such as Commander Stock-
toa has used in the Virginia mines for the last two
years. It is worked under the superintendence of Mr.
Taylor, a gentleman until recently in charge of the
Virginia mines. Should the vein last, as there is
now every reason to believe probable, the quantity of
gold that will be extracted during the next ten years
is incalculable. Mr. Taylor estimates that tho vein
cannot be exhausted in fifty years."

JENNY LIND IN BOSTON.
" Bo:tun is a pretty place.
And so is Philadelphy."
So runs the songs, and so the reception given to
Jenny Lind by the Bostonians would most satisfac-
torily prove. The following account of the first
auction sale of tickets for her first concert will amuse
those who are not acquainted with the peculiarities of
the American people dwelling in the great Republic
known as the United States : _

" Long before the hour announced for the com-
mencement of the auction sale of choice seats toeTenny
Line's first concert this forenoon, the temple (Tre-
mont Tempe) was crowded.
"At precisely ten o'clock Colonel Newell A.
Thompson, the auctioneer, made his appearance on
the table adopted for the rostrum, saying that the
goods v. Web he was about to sell required but little
to be said in their praise from the auctioneer. He
then stilted what seats had been reserved fur the
press, and that he should put up iu the first place the
right of choice fui one ticket or seat only, and after
that had been disposed of he would sell the right of
choice from one seat to a whole slip, the amount bid
to be paid as premium for each and every seat taken.
He pledged his word, first as an auctioneer—
(Laughter)—and then as a citizen of Boston, that no
one was employed by Mr. Barnum, or any one else, to
hid exorbitant prices for tickets, but that the sale was
bona fide, and any one could bid as he pleased. He re-
gretted to be obliged to say that Tremont Temple
was the best hall in Boston for the concert to be given
in, and he hoped that this occasion would stir up the
people of Boston to erect a more spacious and suitable
hall, in which to hold concerts. He knew that it was
contrary to the wish of Miss Lind to have tickets for
her concerts sold at auction ; but without further
detaining the audience be would proceed to give those
gentlemen who were, desirous of having the first
choice, and the benefit of such a medium of adver-
tising, an opportunity to settle the question Who
shall he be ?" Now, gentlemen, how much for the
first ?" Two hundred and fifty dollars,' says Mr.
Hale. ' Pretty good for the first bid,' cries a spec-
tator—followed by applause. This was followed by,
a bid of 275 dollars, ' and my hat,' from Mr. Fetridge,
of 15, State-street; but the bid had hardly escaped
his lips when it was followed by another of 300 dol-
lars. 325 dollars; sang out Fetridge. • 360 dollars
and a guitar,' cried Dodge ; 400 dollars froth a stranger;
425 dollars by Mr. Allen ; 475 dollars,' chimes in
Fetrieg•r? ; 500 dollars from an unknown individual ;
,iollarr,',crks of The Flog 0 our
11 oimi I;(fhl.elfrr. 0,011,1 aipp)alize.) (jait,g,
going who says 6x-lifty ? going ! who says it
' 625 dollars,' says Dodge, in a clear and distinct
voice; w bich increased the applause. ' Six hundred
and twenty-five dollars, says the auctioneer; nothing
at all to pay for hearing Jenny Lind (Laughter)—
and sold to Osaka) E. Dodge, vocalist.' Mr. Dodge
selected seat No. 566, which is located nearly in the
centre orthe ball.
"'This announcement was followed by thunders of
applause, with cries of Show him up," Up with
Dodge,' ' A song, a song,' &c: Mr. Dodge
got upon a seat for a moment, and was greeted with
cheers. After the noise had subsided somewhat the
next ticket, with the right. of choice to a whole slip,
was put up, and sold to Mr. Hale, who selected but
•one, seat, for 24 dollars premium.
it The price now seemed to have become fixed at
d'ollars 50 cents premium, and there were sold at
that price almost all the remainder in the body of the
'Concert room.

--414 Seats in the gallery were then put up, and the
three directly in the centre, over the clock, were sold
to.Mr: Allen, machinist, for 7 dollars 50 cents pre-
mium on each seat. Three next adjoining were sold
to Mr. Ntright for 6 dollars premium, and the others
is .tte front gallery and on the sides were disposed of
at prices varying from 7 dollars 50 cents. to 1 dollar
50 cents. premium on each seat.
• " P.S. At two o'clock this morning it was pro-
poied to adjourn, but upon a vote being taken it sas
decided unanimously to proceed with the sale.
" All. the seats in the gallery having been disposed
of, those underneath in the side aisles were then sold
at prices ranging from 3 dollars to 5 dollars 50 cents
premium. It is estimated that the gross receipts from
this.sale will not be far from 25,000 dollars."

R A MSG AT E.—H is Grace the Duke of Wellington
has been pleased to appoint Henry Benson; Esq., one of the
Cinque Port magistrates of this town, and Captain James
Corbin as one of the commissioners of salvage at this port.
Captain Corbin has been many years in the employ of the
Getteral Steam Navigation Company, and at this time is
Master of the Little Western, that plies between Ramsgate
and London. A more efficient person could not have been
named to the important duties of this office.-Canterbury
Journal.

Hope is happier than fruition, because we have not
yet ascertained its limits, counted its gifts, or found time to
question and discredit its promises.--Eliza Cook's Journat.
IMPORTATION OF SENNA.—The revenue nuthori-
ties have granted permission for senna to be added to the list
otarticles alluwed to be LAnded at all the first class sufferanc
wharfs on the river side, in the port of London, on importa-
e
tion from foreign parts.
THE LONDON. AND NORTH-WESTERN RAILWAY.--
TESTIMONIAL TO B. S. NORRLS, ESQ.—On Thursday last the
officers of the northern division of the London and N orth-
Western Railway presented an elegant silver vase,
with a
purse, containing 100 sovereigns, contributed by 661 of the a
officers and servants of that company, to this gentleman, as
token of esteem. The presentation took place at the Queen's
Hotel, in Liverpool, at a dinner presided over by Captain
flui4h, their general manager.

NEW ROMAN CATHOLIC BISHOP

IN ENGLAND.

The Ami de la lieligion contains a bull cf the Pope,
re-establishing th-3 vscopal hierarchy in England.
The portion of the dLcument which refers to the dif-
ferent dioceses is as follows :

"Beginning with the London district, it will form
two sees, namely, that of Westminster, which we ele-
vate to the metropolitan or archiepiscopal dignity, and
that of Southwark, which we assign to it as a suffragan,
as well as the others hereafter mentioned. The diocese
of Westminster will include the portion of the said
district extending to the north of the Thames, and
comprise the counties of Middlesex, Essex, and Hert-
ford; that of Southwark, to the south of the Thames,
will comprise the counties of Berks, Southampton,
Surrey, Sussex, and Kent, with the Isle of Wight,
Jersey, Guernsey, and other adjacent islands.
" In the district of the north there will be but one
episcopal see, that of the district. The district of
York ,A 111 also form but one diocese, and the bishop
will reside at Beverly. The district of Lancaster
will be divided into two bishoprics, Liverpool and
Salford. The juri,diction of the former will extend
to the Isle of Alan. As regards the county of Chester,
although belonging to that district, we annex it to
another diocese.

" Iu Wales there will be two episcopal sees—namely,
Salop, and Merthyr-lidvil and Newport united. The
diocese of Salop will conpri,e, in its northern part, the
counties of Anglesey, Carnarvon, Denbigh, Flint, Me-
rioneth, and Montgomery, to which we annex the
county of Chester, detached front the district of Lan-
caster, and that of Salop, from the central district.
The diocese of the B!shop of Merthyr-Tidvil and
Newport will be formed of the southern counties of
the district, Brecknock, Glamorgan, Carmarthen,
Pembroke, and Radnor, as also the English counties
of .Monmouth and Heretbrd.

"In the western district we create two episcopal
sees, Clifton and Plymouth. The first will comprise
the counties of Gloucester, Somerset, and Wilts, and
the other those of Devon, Dorset, and Cornwall.
" The central district, from which we have already
detached the county of Salop, will include two epis-
copal sees, Nottingham and Birmingham. We as-
sign to the first the counties of Nottingham, Derby,
Leicester, and thine of Rutland and Lincoln, which
we separate from the eastern district ; and, to the se-
cond, the counties of Stafford, Warwick, Bucking-
ham, and Oxford.

" Finally, the eastern district will only contain one
episcopal see, which will assume the name of the town
of Northampton, and presrrve its present limits, with
the exception of the counties of Rutland and Lincoln,
which we have annexed to the diocese of Nottingham:

REFORMATION OF CRIMINALS.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Sts,—l omitted in my letter of yesterday to state,
that I hope Sir George Grey will carefully look to
the reformation of criminals generally, more particu-
larly to those of our convicts who I suggested should
be employed in the reclamation of waste lands. Con-
victs should work hard, but be entitled to the full
value of their labour beyond the cost of their keep and
educatiqn, so that on their return to society, they
should have sufficient funds (these to be retained of
course until their discharge and then seen to be pro-
perly applied) to enable them to commence in some
small trade or shop, or to emigrate, in order to pro-
cure their future subsistence honestly. .

To prevent the return of convict; to crime this is
imperatively necessary, as it is well known that it is
hopeless for those who have once been in prison to
prcure employment. For want of this provision and
precaution we have to thank ourselves in a great
measure (though the mal-administration of justice by
the unpaid magistracy has had much to do with it)
for the myriads of convicts we have made and who
are so constantly obliged to return to crime. In
what other way are they to exist ?
I am, Sir, yours, &c.,
ZEN-0.
Liverpool, Oat. 18, 1850.

FRIGHTFUL ACCIDENT.—On Saturday an accident
of a very alarming character took place at Rotherhithe to
a pleasure-party, whereby, it is feared, several persons were
fatally injured: -It appears that Mr. Hughes, the pro-
prietor of the extensive tar and varnish works, Plough-
Midge-road, Rotherhithe, had invited the workmen in his
employ to a dinner at his private residence at Sydenbam,
Kent, when the foreman (Joseph Madison) made arrange-
ments with Mr. Isaac Miss, of Bermondsey-wall, for the
conveyance of the party in a spring van. About twenty
persons got inside, and the others sat down on the top of
the vehicle. The foreman took the reins, and Mr. Bliss sat
by his side, when the party proceeded towards the Ueptford-
road, and, as the van neared the Red Lion Tavein, adjoin-
ing St. Helena Gardens, the near horse shied at something
passing. The horses became unmanageable and darted off,
dragging the van with its living freight on to the high
patl-
way, and before the horses could be stopped the vehicle
turned completely over, precipating those on the top with
fearful violence to the ground. The scene at this time was
mos- alarming; the Ito, .s were plunging and kicking, and
the ii .side passengers were to be seen in serious contusion
making their escape by the windows on the upper side,
whilst eight of those who were on the top were lying on the
ground shockingly injured. The foreman was carried to a
neighbouring surgeon's with a compound fracture of the left
leg, fractured &c. Mr. Mims, the proprietor of the van,
also sustained fractures of both bones of the right leg, with
contusions on various plr's of his body. The former was
conveyed in a cab to St. Thomas s Hospital, and the lager
to Guys. Another of tilt, party re,eived a concussion of
the brain and a lacerated wound of the scalp by falling on
his head, but he was taken home. Others who were very
seriously injured were likewise conveyed to their respective
residences. Most of them NV eie going on favourably, but
the reporter was-inforn ed that one of the men had expired
from the effects of the injury during Sunday.

- -
DEANS OF CATHEDRALS AND BEADS I`F COLLFGES.
—According to X recent Act if Parliament (13 and 14 Viet.,
chap. 98) it is provided that it shall not be lawful for ruy
person appointed after the passing, of the Act to the deanery
of any cathedral church to hold the office of head ruler of
any college or hall within either the Universities of Oxford
or Cambridge, or the office of provost of Eton College, or of
warden of Winchester College, or of master of the Chatter-
house, together with his deawry. This enactment is not to
apply to the Dean of tho Cathedral Cburch of Christ in Ox-
ford, as chief ruler of the c liege there maintained. Heads of
colleges in the Universities are not to hold cathedral prefer-
ment except in cases where benefices or cathedral prefer-
ments may be permanently attached to or Corm part of the
endowment of the office. The Act is entitled, "An Act to
amend the Law relating to the holding of Benefices in Phi •
rality."
THE ESSEX MURDER —An eye-witness states that
a more distressing group than the family presented on Sa-
turday, in Doddinghurst churchyard. at the funeral of Jael
Denny, it would certainly he difficult to conceive. he
Lather-ill-law is nearly seventy years of age and the mother
is more than sixty. All their means of living is derivable
from the scanty wages of the old man, as a labourer on the
farm of Mr. Cumbers, who took Last into his employ when
he was discharged a few weeks since by Mr. Drory, son.
Mrs. Last is a woman of tolerable education, and has
brought up a family of eight children, of whom the de-
ceased was the youngest. Last had also eight children
when he married Mrs. Denny, some years since, but both
families are now grown up, and the deceased was the only
child who resided with her parents. The poor old couple
are, in truth, very worthy otjects of sympathy, and if any
charitably-disposed p trues should feel inclined to ex-
tend to them a little temporal relief in the hour of their
affliction, Mr. Hammond has consented to receive subserip
tions,;addressed to him at the Brentwood Post-office, and to
Yec the fline.. Lentilt.
MAILs To 1 lir LNIT/ I) STIT.I3 01' AZ:ERICA,
1...•ie- 4•! l'• p',1,:'11111V a the I kneral
I.e IrLr:!; to the Vilited States of
America and the British North American colovies:
"Henceforward all letters and newspapers for the United
States, if not directed to he otherwise sent, will be trans-
mitted by the first packet, whether British or United States,
which is dispatched after they are posted. Letters specially
directed by British packet, or by United States' packet, or
by any particular vessel named, will be forwarded in accord-
ance with the desire thus expressed by the writers. The
postage on letters and newspapers is precisely the same—
letters, Is. per half ounce, optional, and newspapers lit. each
—the latter must be prepaid—whether they are conveyed by
the British or United States' packets."
SOUTH WALES lams-WORKS —lncreased activity
is apparent in portions of the great mineral field in South
Wales, particularly in the neighbourhood of Bridgend and
Itlaesteg. It is currently reported that the Maesteg Iron-
works, . which have been closed during the last four years,
will very shortly be re-opened under extremely favourable
circumstances. At the Garth works an increased number of
men have been employed, and in the underground works
greater activity is. visible. Surveys have been unde.taken
preparatory to the formation of new tramways, the opening
of fresh levels, and extension of air and ventilating pits.
The Llynvi works are likewise to be enlarged by the addition
of a new mill to the fiutshing departtnent.—lfcrefurd' Times.
PETERHEAD, .OeT. 17.—Passed by this afternoon
the vessel Horn, of Dundee, Sturrock master, from Davis's
Straits, and reports a• follows, viz.:—The Joseph Green, of
Peterhead, 1 whale; Pacific, of Aberdeen, 3 whales; St.
Andrew, of Aberdeen,'3 whales; Advice, of Dundee, 3
whales, 60 tuns of oil ; Alexander, of Dundee, 4 whales, 57
tuns of oil ; Horn, of Dundee, 7 whales, 86 tuns of oil ; Prin-
cess Charlotte, of Dundee, 5 whales, 63 tuns of oil; Chieftain,
of, liirkaldy, 3 whales, 30 tuns of oil ; Regalia, of Kirkaltly,
1 whale, 12 tuns of oil; Jane, of Bo'ness, 1 whale • Rose, of
Hull, clean; Abram, of Hull, 2 whales; Lord Gambier, of
Hull, clean; True Love, of Hull, 3 wbales • Ann, of Hull, 2
whales; Swan, of Hull, clean; and an American ship, 4
whales. The Joseph Green was spoken on the
.15th of Sep-
tember last, and all the other vessels on the ISt inst. The
vessels in search of Sir John Franklin were last seen by the
Horn on the 23d ofJuly last, and the master cannot, of course,
communicate anything respecting them that is not already
well known.
PWLHELT, OCT. 20.—A chronometer was picked up
on the beach, about tour miles from Port Dynllaen harbeur.
also the wreck of a large long boat; the chronometerhas
been identified as belonging to the Jemirna, which sailed
from Liverpool for Africa Ist October.
the pariah of Ardroitisan, were sold
Wetir'resdav last.
SALE or LANDS a of linoekewerßt, in
Exchange Sale Rooms, Glasgow, on
—The
lalnddfor 10 00Ci. in the eye!
The launch of this ship from Dept o
rwao.— • next month.
-rdraDmocAkT;arLdeholi-a
Ri
tbAci,4s:l7:fr's STEAMI
ISLES • INDEX..
BURNING OF THE LORD OF: THE
. the month
pcol e°dY u tEi
inhered at which times reward of
of July last will be retire
beeln'Aprosict
I the discover • of the
501. was offered by the company
which h y
wens STEAsrea.—The burning of this steamer moat
supposed incendiary-. From inquiries ace since
the fireman of the burnt vessel, and
been made, suspicion attached to two men employed by the
WilliamP a nT
James
n IlAirlacYher, fireman of the Lady of the Lake,
which resulted in their beiug taken before the Kendal bench
last week, when the magistrates considering that there was
sufficient ground of suspicion against the accused, they were
committed for trial at the assizes, but to be admitted to bail
if they could find the necessary sureties.

ALLEGED LUNATIC'S FRIEND
SOCIETY.
TO THE E'DITOR OF THE SUN.
St. ,L+rnes's, Jersey, Oct. 120850.

San —Having met on a casual visit to this island
with the account of a trial in the Royal Court, I have
sent you, the report, which I trust you will find to be
sufficiently interesting to give it a more extensive
circulation by transferring it to your columns as a
case involving the liberty of the subject under a form
of law superior to that of England, the result of which
most happily was that the lady was set at liberty.
I cannot help contrasting the laws and customs of
Jersey (the good old Norman laws of our ancestors),
where no person can be confined as a lunatic or he
deprived, of the administration of his property, with-
out six of the principal people of the same parish, and
competent to form a judgment, appearing in open
court to testify as to their derangement and inca-
pacity ; thus the liberty of the person and his pro-
perty is guarded with the utmost care and precaution.
I would contrast this with the practice in England,
where the certificate of two doctors consigns a man
or wornln to the most horrible of all confinements
(probably for his life, if in the hands of interested
parties), depriving him at the same time of all civil
rights, the certificate often concocted and signed in
secret, rendering the boasted liberty of the subject a
delusion and a snare.

The result or consequence of this open court prac-
tice in similar cases is, that with a population of more
than 40,000, which this island contains, there are not
forty persons in confinement on the ground of lunacy,
not one in a thousand ; while in England, according
to the report of the Commissioners in Lunacy, there
is more than one person in every two hundred confined
in public or private lunatic asylums.
I trust that another session of Parliament will not
be allowed to pass over without the laws of lunacy
(both as they affect the liberty of the subject and his
property) being placed on a more sure, rational, and
improved foundation ; so that for the future so many
persons will not have to complain of the misery and
ruin that has arisen from the present system, and to.
this very important object I very respectfully solicit
your aid.—l remain your very obedient servant,
WM. BAILEY,
Secretary to the Alleged Lunatic's Friend
Siciety, No. 44, Craven-street, Strand,
London.

(Extract from the British Press of Jersey.)
ROYAL COURT, Ocr. 2.

(Before Sir Tnomaa Le Breton, Knight, Bailiff, and
Judges Ph. Le Mlistre and E. L. Bisson.)
_ _

Six Principaux of the parish of St. Helier, con-
voked at the instance of the Attorney General, con.
formahly to the demand he made to the Court, pre-
sented themselves at the bar to give evidence before
justice as to the conduct and state of mind of Miss
Blizi Harriet Patrick, who had been shut up in the
General Hospital. •
Mr. Advocate Godiray opposed the interrogation
of the Principaur, as his client did not reside in the
pariah of St. Helier, but in that of St. Lawrence, the
constable of which alone had a right to lay the infer •
'nation. He aslcd also by virtue of what authoriry this
person had been placed in the cells among females of
deranged minds ; and as she had been left for several
days among lunatics, and losing her usual rest, was it
to he wondered at, if she appeired somewhat stupe.
fied to those persons who had been to interrogate her
at the hospital? It must also be noticed that of the six
Principiux summoned„ more than half were scri-

vi i)c rs.

The Attorney-General replied that when this
woman was placed in the hospital she resided in the
parish of St. Helier, and it was on the complaint of
Captain Reck, at whose house she lived, that the con-
stable of St. Helier had her taken to the hospital. If
she had been placed in the lunatic cells he could not
tell who hail given the order. This woman was of a
very violent dispiition, and Captain Rock had been
compelled to have recourse to these measures, as she
had riot only threatened to put an end to her own life,
but also to that of his children..

Mr. Advocate Godfray replied, that all the persons
in the hospital were :surprised to see this woman
among the lunaticsi, and they all agreed in saying that
she Was perfectly quiet, and of a very mild disposition.
Trcie Court, in adopting the principles advanced by
Mr. Advocate Godfray, was of opinion, that they had
no rig►ht to alter the practice, and that the informa-
tion should have been given by the constable of St.
Lawrence. The Court was furtiPr of opinion, that a
great illegality had been committed in placing Miss
Patrick in one of the lunatic cells without any autho-
rity, and ordered the said lady to be set at liberty.

PUBLIC DINNER at DEVONPORT.
Pi.vatotrre, OCT. 19.--I_,,st evening about 150 of
the electors of Devonport and tzltonehouse entertained
their repreientelves, the Right lion. Henry• Tufnell
and Sir John itotuiliy, at dinner at M orshead's
Royal Hotel, 71...voriport. Mr. Trips occupied the
and wcs supported by Mr. John Williams and
Mr. Moses ,L•trrey. The vice-chairmen were 'Jr.
Eve:lg and Mr. Oran), of Mvonport; and Messrs.
PoiLird and Pa“ie, of S':ocehouse.
Tie ball-room Wai decorated with fl igs, and each
toast w.aa grected by vocal and instrumental music.
After due honour had been ioyaily dime to the MIMe
of her 1,1 ,je:,ty,- th,, Royal Family, and the Navy and

Army, 36(;.,
Toe C11A1211.4.11 proposed the health of. the guests,
which were received with considerable enthusiasm. No
dou.b.-, their members did all they could for the‘in-
terests of the boroulz'n, but their el:Au-is-for public re-
spect stood on much higher grounds, as they were
constantly endc,vouring in the -House to advance the
social, moral, and intellectual condition of the nation,
or rather of the whole world, and the truth of this
encctnium could be best proved by a candid review of
their Parlisonentary conduct. Mr.Tufnell had first ap-
peared before Oe'constituelicy about eleven years since,
whet' after a contest, the canvas for which had lasted
three months; and every means, fair and unfair, bad
been exercised by their opponents, he was returned by
a very large majority. Two contests had subse-
quently occurred, and each time the majority had in-
creased. Sir John Romilly commanded also a majo-
rity of 200 ; ne -had been twice opposed, and twice
elected. From all ap7-earances there was not the
slightest chance hereafter for any opponent against.
either of them.

Mr. TUFFNELL, as the elder representative, took
pri airy in returning thanks. He held the same
opinions now as when in 1839 he first appeared, com-
paratively a stranger, before them. Those were no
eequsintances he sew around him, but the
same whom Admiral Codrington, had before he knew
them depicted as possessing sterling merit and unclevieting principle. He (ear. Tuinell) had made at
Devonport a thousand friends, and he hoped not one
enemy ; he had always been careful not to say one
word to dernage an opponent. Great changes had oc-
curred since he first hr.d the honour to express to them
his adherence to the principles of free trade ; those
principles were now in the ascendant, and it was appa-
rent even to our enemies that the prosperity of the coun-
try Was increased and increasing under them; neverthe-
less there was a strong and powerful party who would,
either by crooked or other means, attempt to subvert
the principles of free trade. To that party the in-
crease of our exports was very provoking, so was the
decrease of the number of able-bodied paupers, and
the augmentation of the public revenue. All this
struck di,rnay amongst them, and they pretended to
desire to make an appeal to the people, nod yet when
the constituency in Ireland amounted only to 2 per
cent. of the population they opposed an enlargement.
In England the constituency were only 8 per cent.,
and he hoped to see it increased. It would be as impose
sible to turn the sun from his course as to alter the
system of free trade. It had been alleged that last
session was bsrren of any useful measures. A free
constitution had been given to the colonies, and an
enlarged franchise to Ireland ; those were two good
measures at least; and it was hoped that the future
would progress in furtherance of reform. Ile trusted
that the Ministry, of which be was not now a mem-
ber, would look well to economy, not to dock off the
pay of the really working man, but to abolish every
unnecessary office. Those taxes which pressed
heavily on the industrious should be removed. Al-
though a r'eformer he was for gradual, not rash
measures. The great Jefferson had justly said that ,
liberty was a plant which ought to take root gra-
dual ly ; if snete.hed at suddenly a degeneracy into
tyreney of the worst kind would follow. Of this
sentiment he (Mr. Tufaell) had had ample proof
during a recent visit to the Continent, where, in some
of the petty states over which the tide of revolution
had passed, acts of the most tyrannical character had
follow?d ; even in France measures were now being
taken against the freedom of the press. It'was- by
the spread of education that these evils were to be
avoided; and he was happy to congratulate the inha-
bitants of Devonport and Stonehouse on their pro-
gress in that direction. Their mechanics' iustitute:'
and pre,,:ent lisp ley of art and manufacture at their
exo-eitien of arts were highly creditable: They should
rein r her that -ihe principles of civil and commercial
polity must either progress or retrograde; it would
--
not do to lay down their arms ; there were active par-.
ties now at work in favour of protection and reaction.
He hoped to be always found on the side of progress ;
the highest honour to which he aspired was that of
being the .faithful representative of the borough of
Devonport.
Sir J. Itommnr, in cordially thanking them, could
not look beck to so long a period of service as his
honourable colleague. During his connexion of three
years he had had, however, many opportunities of re-
alizing the truth of the statement which had been i
made previous to his first visit—viz , that he should
find the confidence of the constituency not easily ob-
tained, but when once pc;'essed a firm friendship
would follow. Like Mr. Tuffnel, he had not con-
fined his attention solely to the welfare' of edbo - ,
rough, hut had taken higher grounds
the s‘elfa7e of the" empire at large.' I' andVi looked
the
this view

his especial care had naturally been directed to that
department with which he was best acquaint d—he
meant the law. He had endeavoured to give every
men a full and entire control over his own property,
ithoee any unnecessary legal restrictions ; and this
endeavour he hoped was a means of advancing the
general prosperity of thy, nation. A sincere
friendship existed between himself and his honour-
able colleague, who, from circumstances, had greater
opportunities of effectually attending to those things
which were more essential to the borough itself.
He hoped the alterations lately made in the law
would not be found entirely useless; and that by the
countenance of her Majesty to the present Ministry
he should, as one of them, be hereafter enabled to
prosecute further beneficial measures of the same
class. Those healthful measures propounded and
enacted by Parliament were of little service unless
secured by a proper system of law. In calculating
the good or bad effects of any great public measure,
it was no use to look to the result of one year or two
to estimate its utility on a lengthened period of
time. He was old enough to recollect the feelings
of dejection which existed in England at the close of
the war; if it were possible for the spirits of that
time to arise from their graves, how pleasantly altered
would they find the state of the country when coin-
, pared with the picture of their forebodings. A fo-
reigner (M. Lamartine), who visited this country in
1822, described the squalid and miserable condition of
the people then, and the vile spirit of acrimony
.
wirch prevailed at all public meetings ; he possessed
a small property here, and sold it, apprehensive of
the consequences. That traveller had visited us
again recently, and given a very different description
of the country ; instead of squalid wretchedness, the
workmen and their children were well clad, and the
spirit of acrimony had vanished. The account might
be highly coloured, but it was in a great measure
true. Those gigantic fortunes which were made in
former times were not so easily realised now; the
middle classes were, however, more prosperous. Of
all modern changes, none was more important or
striking than that in the character of the Members of
the House of Commons. It was a complaint that
eloquence has disappeared, that there were not now
those displays of fervid oratory which formerly existed.
True, the House had become deliberate and business-
like. Young Members go in knowing comparatively
nothing, and they are shortly possessed of true know-
ledge ; formerly all attention was given to elcquence,
and none to business. Now Members, whether in
office or in opposition, devoted themselves most sedu-
lously to the improvement of those Acts of Parlia-
ment which were introduced, whether favourable or
not to their enactments, and useful suggestions met
attention coming from what quarter they might. He
looked forward under Providence to that day when
h; like his Hon. Colleague,and in his company, could
look back to a connexion of eleven years with the bo-
rough of DeVonport. lie hoped his Parliamentary
conduct would meet the approval of his countrymen,
and especially of his constituents.
Due honour having been done to her Majesty's Mi-
nisters, the Mayor and Corporation of Devonport, the
chairman, &c., the company separated, after an enter-
tainment which lasted five hours.

GOVERNMENT SCHOOL ofDESIGN
A lecture on characteristics of style in relation to
ornamental art was delivered on Friday night by Mr.
R. N. Wornurn, before a very numerous auditory,
consisting chiefly of the pupils of the school. The
styles selected for illustration were the first modern
styles, the Renaissance, the Cinquegento, and the
Louis Quatorze. Of the Renaissance there were four
different varieties, and of the Louis Quatorze two,
making in all seven. All of these were individual
enough, except the Renaissance, which was somewhat
of a chaos, as it was a combination of many. The
Renaissance might be termed in general the revival of
art, and especially of a peculiar style of art, namely,
that which was connected with revival of the ancient
style of ornament. Both the ancient and the modern
styles might be said to have commenced in symbolism
and ended in sensualism. The whole of the period he
was now about to address himself to spread over
about 500 years. The modern school was first deve-
loped in Italy. A new style of foliage and tracery,
owing to the exaggeration of the Saracenic style, was
the first characteristic, and it was known as the Tri-
gento. Having pointed out several illustrations of the
style, the lecturer observed that the activity and deve-
lopment of the new style was owing to the Latin Con-
gress at Verona,whileVenice,which was rich in Byzan-
tine models, took the lead in the revival of classic
art. By its introduction the prestige of a thousand
years was broken up, and the Quartogento, the first
great variety of the 11.maissance, was established. The
first of the modern styles was a transition style from
those preceding it, and embodied an intricate display
of delicate tracery and scroll-work, being a slieu
modification of the Byzantine and Saracenic. The
cathedral of Florence exhibited fine specimens of this
species of decoration. The Quartogento was a more
positive and distinct style, which was well developed
in the ornamentation of the brazen gates of the Bele-
tistry of San Giovanni. Specimens of these were ex.
hibited &playing exact models of fruit, flowers, and
ibliago, observing an ornamental arrangement of de-
tail. In that period was also found the first appear-
ence et he scroll shield work. The bast example was
one cowaining the lion of St. Mark, on the watergate
of the 1) seal Palace at Venice, while the tracery stilt
exhibited strong mark; of its Saracenic character
That. kind of decoration appeared to have had some
connexion with heraldry. Another feature of the
Quartogento was the introduction of the grotesqu,
arabesque decoration, in which figures of men, ani
male, were introduced into the arabesques. Ie
feet, the style was a very complicated one, although
it was not confused. Although from this styli
all religious symbolism was excluded, the reli-
gious sentiment was not absent; but it was trans •
terred from a secondary to a primary object in the
&sign, and the decorations were made auxiliary to
some religious design which occupied the prominere
place. Not so the Cinquegento style, in which orna-
mentation was the chief objeat. It was tong in much
favour with the jewellers, at it embraced a great vs-
ricty of decoration, and was rendered still more at-
tractive by the labours and ingenuity of ilobbime
and Benvenuto Celliva. It was so great a favourite
with the French that it was sometimes called the
French style ; so that the French and the Renais-
sance became convertible terms. The whole history
of art did not afford a parallel to the mixture of ele-
ments in the Cinquegento style, which included ara-
besque?, animals, scroll shield work, natural imita-
tations, antique forms, ornaments, &c. The best
samples of the style were to be seen at Fontainblean
and at Rouen. In the manufacture called Henry the
S!cond ware specimens of the Saracenic element were
mixed up with these combinations. Our own Eliza-
bethan wm, properly speaking, an elaboration of the
same style, with the exception of there being a strik-
ing preponderance of strap and shield work. That
style was not fully developed until the time of James
the First—the tracery and strap work without the
shield being indicative of the time of Elizabeth,
while the predominance of the shield-work denoted
the time of James the First. Crewe Hall and
Yarmouth House were referred to as displaying
the peculiar characteristics of the Elizabethan
style, and Canonbury House those of Jamcs the First.
Such were the four branches of the revival or renais-
sance, and designs containing all the elements her
indicatA were properly celled the Renaissance;
sometimes they were called French, and Henry IV.
In all these varieties the elements of the Byzantine
and Saracenic character and origin were distinctly
preserved. The Renaissance might he said to be an
approximation or combination of previous styles rather
than any peculiar style. Proceeding to the Cinque.
gento, which was the most perfect of all the modern
styles, and which, under the development of Raffael
and Julio Romano, formed the most splendid exam-
ples of Roman art, he observed that it was said to
have originated in the excavation of specimens of
ancient art, and that the principal monuments of that
style might be found in the Vatican Loggi, the Villa
Madonna, and the ducal palace at Mantua. The ara-
besques of Reffael were said to have been suggested
by the ornaments of the baths of Titus, and these
gave a striking impulse to this style. Some of
the designs of the Vatican were purely ludicrous,
while others might be termed merely fanciful.
The designer, like the poet, had his licence as to
possibilities, but mechanical impossibilities, and a vio-
lation of the laws of gravitation, were painful as
well as ludicrous, and could not be brought within
the range of good taste. For instance, the gro-
tesque arabesques of Michael Angelo might be gro-
tesque without being ludicrous and ridiculous. Spe-
cimers of these as well as of ornament, by Albert
Direr, were referred to in illustration of this. But
where an attempt was made to combine impossibili-
ties, such as placing animals on the slight stems of
I foliage or flowers, then the ornament became ridicu-
Inns, while it was easily seen that the gradual dimi-
Tition of the bulk of the stem, as the burden dimi-
ni.:bed,was orte.of,the greatest beauties of foliage, and
that-rafr.,he be obseeved in all the best 'examples of the
style. If tbat due, proportion was net observed, then
the design became rather painful and objectionable. ,
In a continuous scroll that diminution of hulk was i
not necessary, as it was merely a repetition of the
same ornament. The arabesque was the most promi-
neat feature of'the Cinquegento, and it included
every element of claAsical' form in its greatest propor-
tion, combined will conventional forms of animals,
fruit, flowers, &c., and an elaboration of the pure
acanthus scroll. Another chief feature was the ad-
mirable play of colour in its ershesques and scrolls;
indeed, the excellence' of the' best specimens of
the Cinquegento style was much indebted to co-
lour, and it might on the whole be considered the cul-
minating point in ornamental art, presenting the •
mast Perfect forms and the most elaborate ma-
Meat. It applied wholly to the sense of beauty, in
its most attentive feature, without leading the mind
to ultsrinr nnd., as in the Byzantine end cynahnlic