The Sun.
London, England, 1868-09-14 00:00:00

and private debts, in conformity with which he paid been repulsed, by their enemy evacuating thefortreo,
the full sum of twenty thousand dollars. If the while in its ditches liy the bodies of thousands
Court decides against the Legal-Tender Act the of the Allies who had just met their final signal
ground of the purchaser is cut from under him, as defeat. Lord NAPIER, on the other hand, made
the judgment will assert that the Act is not in ac- one of the most notable marches on record, skil-
cordance with the Constitution, and therefore is no fully overcoming the extraordinary difficulties in-
-1 tw. The Nation says :—" The cases likely to come terposed by nature; In a few hours when on the
before the Supreme Court under the Legal-Tender scene he captured the Abyssinian fortress, and he
Act may be* placed in four different groups : Ist. slew the Abyssinian' King—his loss two non-cotn-
Cl dins for payment in coin of engagements entered batant mules. Every object contended for in
in'o prior to the passage of the Legal-Tender Act, Abyssinia was at once achieved i)y the English Gene-
in cases where the original contract simply calls for cal, while not one striven for in Paraguay has been
the payment of dollars. 21 Miens for payment in attained by Brazil, except the fall of Humaita.
coin of engagements entered into subsequent to the I'his is the campaign Cie Standard s •leczs fur a
passage of the Act, where the contract speciti- comparison with that of the Allies against Para-
cally states or clearly implies that payment is guay. After these Nappy and truthful statements
to be made in coin. 31. Claims for pay- it proceeds to glorify Brazil, and to sing a imin
ment in coin of engagements entered into over her great trium?h, and for this purpose it as-
either prior or subsequent to the passage of the sociates the wretched Slave E aspire and the failure
Act, in cases between foreigners and American of her dastarlly attack, with the great military
citizens, where the contract was made abroad, and nations whose exploits " have required the highest
does not specify the nature of the currency ; 4th, qualities of the mind and the highest development
claims for payment in coin of engagements entered of the social and political attributes of the people.
into subsequent to the passage of the Act, in cases Brazil has won her spurs. She may now take her
where the contract does not specify the nature of place in the knighthoo lof nations." If Brazil, con-
the currency. It will be seen that almost every tent with having reduce I Hain aita by starva-
case likely to arise can be placed in one or other of tion, ceases to prosecute the war, she must con-
these groups, and that at least four decisions on fess to defeat. There is no evading the Secret
four different cases will be necessary to enable the Treaty, but one condition of which has yet been
general public to understand how its interests are to accomplished. The moderation claimed for the
be affected by the opinion of the Supreme Court on Allies is the moderation of a bully in the presence
the constitutionality of the Legal-Tender Act." It of one he has good cause to fear. The Secret
considers that the Court will decide in all the cases Treaty proves what the slave empire's moderation
belonging to the three first groups, that payment is was when she thought the little Republic of Para-
due, and must be made in United States gold coin ; guay was at her mercy—when three months were
but that the decision in the fourth case will be to take General MITRE to Ascunciou, and the resist-
against the claimants, on the ground that at the aim of LOPEZ was with the Allies the subject of
time of the contract greenbacks were notoriously banter. Now Brazil,on the eve of a revolution,
thee' undisputed- universal and accepted- eurrency-, •in debt, disgraced by defeat, may hold.very different
which signified money unless gold was specified. language and call it moderation. . The Standard
The majority of wrongs perpetrated under the may be assured that such articles will do the cause
of Brazil no good. They only lead to. an exposure,
Nation's Act cannot be repaired, nor, in thesteeped
Nation's opinion, can they be repeated, for the and teach its own readers how unreliable are its
history of the world has shown that while wholesale statements. We gee by the American papers that
injustice to creditors is possible, against debtors it General M‘MitloN, the newly-appointed Minister
is impossible, and when attenip:ed, results in revolu- to Paraguay, has been ordered to delay his de-
tion and social anarchy. Its opinion, then is, that parturein view of the recent news.—Anglo- American
the anticipated judgment will not practically in- Tinies,
volve the compulsory payment in coin of all Legal-
Tender engagements now outstanding. Further,
that as the Legal-Tender Act did not suspend sr ecie
payment, which was accomplished before it was
dreamed of, but only rendered resumption more
difficult, its abolition cannot restore specie payments,
merely rendering resumption no longer impossible.
It is very evident that no decision of the Supreme
Court can replace the coin which has been exported
from the United States owing to the false policy of
its financiers, who by cheapening gold hastened
its export. But the decision will reverse this
policy, and by bringing gold again into circulation
add to its value and in checking its. export check
at the same time the undue import of luxuries into
the United States. It will then be the first step in
the right direction, and although it will requite
years to r. pair the waste of war and the effects of
ignorant financial legislation, so elastic are the re-
sources of the United States that only time and
common sense in the Government are necessary for
the nation to pull up every foot of leeway.

GENERAL GRANT AT 110 ME.—The President of
the Galena Bank writes as follows, in a private letter, of
the appearance of the General of the Army and the go
publican candidate for President among his old friends add
neighbours :—General Grant is here, quietly vending a'
fortnight in his home. I sent you a paper containing ail
account of his reception. The reception was spuutaueoo
and informal, bui genuine and hearty. At the serenade at
his house it was nut ex.i.ected that there would be an/
speaking; but the crowd called some of us out. I W3S
taken entirely by surprise, but could nut back OA at
was staniiiug on the porch near the General, and
had to say a few words. lie is in line health and spirits'
tin walks about town every day iu plain citizen's dress'
the must unpretending man in the place. Ile spouds 1111
lit the foiCllOUil sitting wilt us in the bank. lie is 00, "'
our stockuulders. lu vrivato he is very social, dile°
joke, and enjoys company. lie reads the papers oiligento
Keeps himself posted, and has a pretty good idea oftilde
situation. On 6uuday he and his family Wall° f
to tue Methodist Church, about halt a mile, instead
riding in a carriage, as the must of great men wc'tliA
have dune; and this, too, when his friends have plarx"
nurses and carriages at his disposal whenever ble
chooses to call tor them. But he is a Radical Democrat 111
the true sense. If the good people who aro distressed bid
the stories told by his enemies in regard to his habits col'i
only look MO that clear, calm, serene, and candid fact) fvrt
a few moments, they would say that its wearer could
be a luau of bad passionS or vicious habits. It is astonish-
iugly how such slanders of public men, if persisteutill
repeated, will conic to be believed by their 13;
opponents, -and by—and -by evini -perplex and distre.4
their friends. Th.) only really bad thing that his 000 •'
664
say of Gen. Grant is—that he drinks. This would be bor
enough, indeed, if true, but nothing could be more falgdaiie
malicious. During all the time he lived in Galena, I have
never hearalif his drinking ardent spirits, and I frla,4o
never been able to find any man, friend or foe, living 110.,
and who knew his habits, who could say that be Niro
temperate. In fact, there was no more temperate tilaa_l,
the city. That his habits in this respect are the saute ar
none who know him and meet him can for a moment douse
But I have dwelt too long on this, for I know YOl mad
uu doubts on this point. We are going to have it bigfoo
meeting here ou Friday next, and expect a crowd t..
the general. lie will take no part in ally political 11-te.eid
ins, but will be at house to see his friends. ri fig
Republican.
Work has commenced on the fishery at lioli°le
under the direction of A. li. Field of Greenfield, one ei 43

BRAZILI,V 110DEIZ1710N.

Those who have read the Secret Treaty of A'

Hance, concluded on the Ist May, 1865, by the
Plenipotentiaries of Brazil, the Argentine Republic,
and Uruguay are aware that the fall of Ilumaita,
if it be-not the fall of Paraguay, does not-terminate.
the war, in as far as all the objects set forth except
that one are as yet unattained. The best historical
parallel to this treaty is the shameful conspiracy
by which Poland was partitioned. It professes to
preserve intact the Republic of Paraguay ; its
territorial integrity being guaranteed collectively
by the contracting parties for the term of five
years. The value of this Article may be gathered
from the others, together with what history

teaches of the fate of countries which fall beneath

the arms of a conqueror. These parties, after an-
nouncing their object to be the destruction of the Go-
vernment, begin by a compact that the exemptions,

privileges, or concessions obtained from Paraguay
shall be common to all of them—the free naviga-
tion of the rivers Parana and Paraguay, so far as

Paraguay is concerned, being 'opened to the wrlr
and merchant vessels of the Allies—the rig!rt of
concertiug the most suitable measures to guarantee
peace with Paraguay, the Allies reserve till after its
overthrow. The war expenses, indemnification for the
injuries done to public and private property, to the

commissioners.
The first bale of new cotton received in Bostl3l
the product of free labour, was sold on Saturday, AeS* *
to the Llallowell Mailufactuciug Company fur .1:3 cant 3
pound.
has been given to B. N.
A contract Toro', 0
!
the Iluosac Tunnel, to build the foundajou w 311411
feet lung and 2U wet high, of the new cutlery viQt-li;
Tu aei's Falls, and also to dig a canal 1,000 toot 106'
will put 150 man to work on the canal at once.
Sixteen kinds of fossil horses have been di ere
re
in North America, and yet there wore no horses
when the white men came.
.A. list of benefactions, exclusive of State per°,,,-,
recently °;;,i
priations to American literary institutions,
piled, shows that during the last tivo years they aulllooo
to $15,212,000, distributed as toil() ws : CO'lleges 00;
theolo,sical s. minaries, 61,3..,9,500 ; academies, sl,uh'4)ooP,
societies, $510,000 ; education, $2,22000 ; ,sc,4; the
$385,000.
manypeopl e rrtrhl hoeiesa highla rgaep donations,psura appreciation they thsh et dhyueei asa
lue: itf
11:17:ci 11;ft
irt°ilia.6.
It is proposed to bras', horses by Inachiab:r of
The saving in time and labour when there are a owl' 0
horses to bo brushed would bo very great, as teucil*
per cent. ;II OCCI/-
It is said that an eclipse of the -sun
in the forenoon of May 23, 1900. It Will be totalityl
giuia and North Carolina, but the duration of f the
hardly exceed a minut.,, as the apparent diantooLif colt
secouTso, it
moon will be greater than the sun's by a few is
Indeed, at the return of this eclipse of April 26' de
was total only where the moon had a great altita
was low. (Bas
the Island of Cuba), but annular where it
eclipse, although not total in the Atlantic citiesteL very
more, Philadelphia, Now York, BOStOD, &C.), Willoc
esrly
Uret
large, and eleven-twelfths of the sun will be °8
At Norfolk, Virginia, the eclipse will be Pt „,.
total. pap
A WOMAN MOVEMENT.—An At:aerie-1i trogea
states : —The pedestrian and boating mania d sal'
out among the women at Mount Desert, gable, 6:6 4
races and walking matches are common. ~,,clll5- ate It 11:
from New York took the first prize at a late
gate., and another did her 23 miles in time thal'A-tb that -0
Weston to the blush. In England, it is reporte' 11.4 °-
ladies' school at Frome, in Somorsetshire, pupils
allowed to play at cricket. They have a sPecisliniest
the purpose, and the best crickets are said to be
sotO
variably the best scholars.
l 11i1
The Spiritualists were to holds hr atnilla,. la
ptember 4-et
convention at Danby, Vermont, on eei
1413/
sive. The railroads return them free.
monolith
hasAbemenoehruecniteedntin(Caognriaaecntiitceut to the
Fitz-Greene Halleck. It will be
next month. norti°ll
New Bedford, Massachusetts, prO, co
of
7coioty inOOL'f°6ll
population, claims to be the wealthiest
try. One of its churches represents $.7-
property. ra108r)'7100f t,.t11;e1:::01
appropriately tie
le

persons of citizens previous to the Declaration of
War, as well as after, in the violation of the laws of
civilised war, are to be paid by Paraguay. That there
might not be au after fight between the Allies over
the conquered territory, a special treaty is then

made cleaning the boundaries. Now, these boun-
daries, except towards Brazil, are such as no Go-
vernment can wipe out or ignore, consisting of the
two stupendous rivers Paragu ty and Parana ; there-
fore Brazil only was able to encroach upon the Re-
public, which we believe she does with no niggard
hand. After guaranteeing to each other the fulfil-
ment of the agreements, and rendering their future
combination imperative, should Paraguay eventually
attempt to avoid the terms on which peace only would
be made, a proctocol is adde 1, c insisting of three
clauses; the first being the demolition of the
forires's "of Fluinaita and the prohibition of any
future erection of such forts ; the second provides
that neither arms nor munitions of war be left in
Paraguay ; and the third declares an equal distri-

bution of the plunder taken. Notwithstanding
the proposed annihilation of the Republic, an
article is introduced providing for the admission of

a Paraguayan legion into the Allied army, as the
[Ugh Commissioners consider that the straits to
which the people will be driven by the invasion will
oblige same to turn traitors. We are led to give
an outline of this Treaty, as the Standard last
Wednesday asserted, in one of the most unfair
articles even that paper has ever published, that
" it was partly to maintain the right, guaranteed
by treaty, of free passage up and down the
great streams of the Paraguay and the Parana,
partly to avenge for the past, and repress for
the future, the piratical incursions of the troops
of LOPEZ into the Brazilian privince of Matto
Grosso and the Argentine States of Entrerios
and Corrientes, that Brazil and the Argentine
Republic entered into a league nearly three years
ago with the common purpose of bringiag.Paraguay
to reason." The only excuse we can make for the
writer is that he was grossly ignorant of his sub-
ject. Both the Paraguay an l the Parana have
their origin in Brazil, and both these rivers are
among those closed in that empire against the com-
merce of the world. A nation that only a year and a
half after this secret treaty had been 'concluded, and
eight mouths of ter, to its great disgust, it had become
public, opened the main stream of the Amazon and
the mouths of the two rivers, Tocanting and San
Francisco—could scarcely be said to be fighting for
the freedom of La Plata and its branches, every
one of which that flowed through Brazil was a
barred water. The Standard then proceeds to
liken the Brazilian campaign ou the Plate to
the British operations in Abyssinia ! What surprises
us is that we find ourselves answering such rubbish,
and it is a striking instance of the stuff which
even a widely circulated paper like the St inticzed
can publish. In every point the two expedidons
form an antithesis, not a parallA. Brazil borders
on the country that is invaded, which is further
open to attack by the third great water she I of the
world, one branch of which actually flo,vs past the
capital—therefore the Brazilians could either march
their army ag tiust Paraguay without sending a
man to sea, or conduct the operations through
the nav3. Great Britain, on the contrary, was not
only operating in a country iu a distant part of the
world, but far in the interior, not to be approached
by any river, and liemined in by chains of mouc-
tains and deserts. The Brazilians and their Allies
landed at the confluence of the Parana and the
Paraguay, and never advanced beyond the sound
of the guns of their fleet. To maintain their posi-
tion they fought a series of desperate battles. Every
advance they attempted was checked by disastrous
defeats, and after three years of fighting for the pos-
, session of Ilumaita they got it when every attack had

Jorr—On the 11th inst.,Bairt 3111,13C:anowgate, Abe- ~ tb°
cif op,
wife of Wm. Jopp, Esq., wine merchant, °I ii 0:1'30,. ST;
Os
mcdßliiaTrzuoitEgnilLhtoeNr.Y—. On the i Oth inst., at St• Anall3art" O
the wife of Sir Charles M. Ochterlooft
A IV°
;Zan,' thethe
wlilitohcfinitst..,l3.ast
with,
teriulli.,ayorlAV'terf
stillborn.

ff rrettee
Marriages. -t, $t J,,:54,1;;t,
CitossTilwarrE—BAlDwiN—On the lOth ir (sross' 010 je
ham Church, Maidstone, Robert JosePa„,aucesi ry,
Esq., Bengal Civil Service, to Charlotto x,,,,ci., o
tV
daughter of the late Wm. W. T• ldw►°' ''''
J.obo.oe
DA IIviIILS
goKeNel—instti: Efs It 9
D—uOis v
in .
et
ihi
,e
Jlltnh
3L)ativslsoll
~toot iv ;e-
-: t at 6t.'lB,f‘liffith
el i,
road, Peckham, to liarriette J and tiel''
of Peckham-rye.

tlO
Dorrien, Deaths. te,•
B:DGeonw.a.
OOMFIELD 0 Eutlio-51,.1e°
nonifitheald2,tohitisi3t..,,
aagt
e4do9,
,t 2. toe
olet:avorto,
fornimo
Lady Bloomfield, widow 0,. • Plj°
DORRIEs—On the 10th iust., at 13rightoet 10,0 J,
bourne-grove, aged
etdhBeol.lranch 13aul of Elig weiV
mouth, aged 66. of ,
PococK -On the 6th ingt., gr, Jag. POCOOm Or
1- 1031
WARREN—OnMiddlesex,
WALKER —On the 13th July last, at 31.elboareA Ator'4
Cz,pt. Joseph Walker, 11.1.0. S formerly 0'
~ 0611
~,,11
agthede 713.0 th inst., at GI avow:old' Dilry'
cock, wife of IL Warren, Esq., aged 88*

London : Printed and Published by Wt
utirlad,
dalesex.--31onday,
141,9•11 A': go of 44
SI No, 112, Strand, Printer, at Tao SOS Ojic,o3oo
the Precinct of the tie vu).,111
in
Seil,erabor 14, 16E6.