The Sun.
London, England, 1868-08-15 00:00:00

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LOi\'DO.N, SA.7 URDAY, AUGUST 15, 1868.:

Mr. GLADSTONE has forwarded a communication
to the electors who signed the requisition asking
him to become a candidate for South-West Lan-
cashire, and announces that he has much pleasure
in acceding to their request. It is not likely that
any letter or speech of the right hon. gentleman
could be complete without his making some
suggestion, or finding some flaw in the
existing arrangements. In this document
referred to, we find that he mentions the omission
of Mr GRENFELL'S name in the requisition, and sug-
gests the propriety of that gentleman's claims to
their support being considered. It will be remem-
bered that, in his speech at St. Helen's, Mr. GLAD-
STONE laid great stress upon the superior manage-
ment of finance which distinguished his party in
opposition to that of the Conservatives. I.:, has
been found upou exatnina•ion that the right hon.
gentleman's wishes were more expre sed in this than

any accuracy of statement. A few facts and figures
show that Lord Derby, in 1859, left the Income-
tax at fivepence in the pound, and that Mr. GLAD.
STONE raised it to teunence, and that the only time
when the tax was fivepence, before 18G5, was
under the opponents of Mr GLADSTONE, that
gentleman never having unposed it as that sum
during any year of his long financial supremacy.
It is also noticeable that in 1858-59 we had a
smaller expenditure than at any time when Mr.
GLADSTONE was Chancellor of the Exchequer, and
therefore the flourishes of rhetoric he indulges in
are not exactly founded on plain and sober fact.
Sir R. J. CLINTON has made a speech at Not-
tingham, which is a relief to peruse, in consequence
of its independence of tone and public spirit. The
hon. baronet declined to pledge himself to any
party, and had he been in the House of Commons
he would have voted for the Reform Bill, by
which means he would have supported the Tories,
but he had always voted independently of
ally party. 6 He believed, he added in
conclusion, that a member who pledged himself
to any party in the House of Commons would get
out of the difficulty which would otherwise attend
him of discriminating between good and bad. If
some candidates for election and members of Par-
liament acted in the spirit of the straightforward and
independent course here indicated, we should have
a better illustration of the saying, " Measures, not
men," and the country would reap the advantage
of remedial changes being brought about without
the vexatious party fights and factious manoeuvres
taking place, which waste time and compro-
mise the dignity of Parliament so greatly.
Mr. NEATE has issued his farewell address to the
electors of Oxford city, and gives a brief ac-
count of his reasons for supporting Mr. GLAD-
STONE'S resolutions on the Irish Church. Many
other addresses are also met with, and considerable
activity prevails, so that the electors will have
plenty of time and opportunity afforded them of
considering the pros and cons of the matter before
the momentous occasion of deciding arrives. With
one thing and another several changes will take
place in the representation of the new c)ustitu-
encies.

The good people of Paris are again on the alert,
after their long respite from excitement. The
EMPEROR'S fete is always more or less looked for-
ward to as an epoch of rare importance, and if a
political crisis does not take place, the eager and
expectant think that it might, and all are on the
watch accordingly. Contrary to the advice of some
the EMPEROR was yesterday present at a review,
and the EMPRESS alio appeared. No incident of
note occurred in the affair, which passed off very
well, and gave great satisfaction to a large crowd
assembled to witness the proceedings. The cheer-
ng, it is s lid, was considerable, and altogether the
lay could not have passed off more successfully
than it did. A lditional interest was im-
parted to the review in consequence of
the presence of Lord NAriEn of :111.4.GDA LA.
He will leave to-clay for the camp at Chalons.
We may regard this circumstance of a successful
service as all the more significant when we remember
that the EMPEROR was informed by those well quali-
fied to know that to hold a review in Paris just now
might bring about a manifestation. The total
number of troops reviewed has been roughly esti-
mated at sixty thousand, comprising some squadrons
of the Garde Nationale, the Garde Imperiale, and

of the Line. The EMPEISOR made no speech, which
has disappointed some ; so that, unless he does so
to-day, there will be nothing for it but to fall back
on the speech he made at Troyes, and comment
upon that at leisure. The Emperor NAPOLEON is
in this position, that when he declares for war he
is implicitly believed, but when he speaks in
favour of peace he is not credited by those who in-
sist upon knowing his intentions. Thus the Opposi-
tion journals go on criticising the few remarks made
at Troyes, and find out very ingeniously that more
is meant than meets the eye, that some explanation
should be given of its context ; and, finally, that
war is very probable, though it is the fashion to cry

peace.
The news from Cochin-China is not satis-
factory, and it is confidently affirmed that the
state of affairs in the colony is much more
serious than the M'oniteur would have the
public believe it to be. It is said that all the
victims perished in fighting to the last. A strange
incident occurred at the Sorbonne, when
young CAVAIGNAC refused to take the prize which
was his due. This misguided course of action
on the part of the young man has given rise to
much comment, but nothing has been elicited
that can at all account for or justify the
strange proceeding. If he be deemed unfitting
to receive the prize he should not have contended
for it at all, and a little reflection will show him
that he has made a great mistake, while he doubtless
imagined that ho was performing a' grand action.
The unfortunate attack of th 3 Lanterne still en-
gages public attention, and it is much to be de-
plored that tho Government should have acted so
harshly in this respect. Far better would it have
been to treat the matter with indifference, and
allovt it to pass as a joke, than to have considered it
in a serious light and pushed matters to extremity.
The imprisonment of the editor is a great mistake,
and so it will be found out in the long run. The
continued system of press surveillance which
has been kept up by the Imperial Govern-
ment may be regarded as its weak point; its
failure so far as consistency is concerned, and its
condemnation in the sight of all who value the
independence of States. Promises and professions
have been made so often without advancing
any nearer to the desired end that we are quite
justified in putting no faith in any intimation of an
improved policy iu this direction until some per-
formance has taken place that will compel doubt
to resolve itself into certainty.

The intelligence which reaches us from Brazil is
of the highest imprtance. As was suspected for
some time past by those conversant with the state
of affairs the Brazilians have grown tired of their
burdens. The war has been prolonged indefinitely,
notwithstanding the confident predictions of speedy
success made by the Allies after the attack o❑
Humaita, and the popular discontent has been grow-
ing formidable. The issue of the struggle is a mat-
ter of vital moment to the Paraguayans, but it is
no slight thing to the aggressors, who see their re-
sources wasted, their country impoverished, and the
lives of their soldiers thrown away in a protracted
and unnecessary struggle. In the Argentine Re-
public, too, the dissatisfaction was increasing some
time since, and though it is very difficult
to ascertain the truth from the partial and
incomplete accounts which are transmitted
through Brazil, we may easily believe that
the population are not growing more warlike
with time. In Brazil itself, however, there can no
longer be any doubt that the crisis has assumed a
serious aspect. A. Ministerial crisis took place at
Rio de Janeiro last month, and a new Government,
professing to be Conservative, came into power on
the 13th July, the Premier and Minister of Finance
being Senhor YTABORIIY. Five days later the Cham-
ber of Deputies was dissolved, having refused the
supplies, and carried a vote of want of conflience,
and the new Chamber is ordered to meet on MLy
3rd. Meanwhile the Paraguayans were not idle,
but were, it would be seen, gaining in confi lence.
They had made a boat attack upon two of the Allied
iron-clads at Tayi,on the 9 th of July,but were, accord-
ing to the Brazilian account, defeated with loss. This
item of news, we must remember, comes through
the enemy, and therefore we must accept the assur-
ance of their defeat and loss with reserve. The
admission, on the part of the Brazilians, that the
Paraguayans were in a position to make an attack is
inconsistent with the accounts which they have been
lately forwarding to Europe. They told us that
LorEz and his followers were reduced to the last
straits ; that they were arming the women, because
their forces were reduced and the men of the coun-
try exhausted ; that destruction was inevitable, and
the triumphant success of the Allies only a question
of time. The facts which they are now forced to
acknowledge, the crisis in Rio, the attack at
Tayi certainly do not confirm these assertions,
while all we learn from Buenos Ayres is that SAR-
311ENTO has been elected President of the Argentine
Confederation. If the Alliance breaks up, as it
probably will do, the treaty with Brazils having
been already condemned by the Buenos Ayreans,
the war must come to a speedy conclu-
sion. The Brazilians already chafe under
the pressure, and they will hardly submit to bear
the whole outlay and harass of the struggle. The
Paraguayans have only to prolong their gallant
resistance to obtain their reward, and if they suc-
ceed in defeating so formidable an opponent,
Brazil will
.not soon forget the lesson.
Some short time since Lord STANLEY stated,
in answer to an inquiry in the House
of Commons, that neither of the belligerents
had accepted his proffered mediation. Brazil was
probably too confident of success to do so, and be-
sides had no specific ground of complaint against
Paraguay except the never-failing quarrel of the
wolf against the lamb. Paraguay, on the other hand,
might very well decline any interference, however
well meant. Time fights her battles, and if she can
hold out long enough to force the Brazilians to
give up the struggle and retreat of their own ac-
cord, she will gain far more than she could win
from the mediation or assistance of the best of
friends. Such, we may hope, will be the result of
the protracted struggle, and before the new Cham-
ber meets at Rio it is probable that the drama will
be played out, and that peace will be restored to
the exhausted but invincible little State of
Paraguay.

Judging from present appearances in the United
S ates the success of the Radical candidates at the
forthcoming Presidential election is more than
doubtful. The Radical party has lost one of its
foremost men in Mr. THADDEUS STEVENS, and
though eventually the loss may be lessened by the
fact that the party will be less likely to be driven
to violent and unpopular extremes, yet during
the crisis they will miss his indomitable energy and
his influence. The change in popular feeling
throughout the country has been very marked of
late months. Almost every election of note in the
Northern States has, shown increasing favour
towards the Democrats; while the only elections
at which the Radicals have obtained decisive
majorities have been those of the reconstructed
States, where the voters have been picked Rad:-
cals ! We learn by the arrival of the Austrad'asian,
from New York, on the sth, that the Demvcrats