The Sun.
London, England, 1844-01-25 00:00:00

SHIPWRECK ON THE GOODWIN

SANDS.
On Saturday night a most distressing shipwreck took
place on the Goodwin Sands, in the total loss of a fine
brig, called the Shephardess, of 200 tons burthen, Mr.
Turner, master, belonging to Bideford, whilst on her
passage from Newcastle to Plymouth, laden with coals.
When off the north sand head of the Goodwin, there
came on a tremendous gale of wind, which almost im-
mediately drove the vessel on the sands, and she in-
stantly fell over on her beam ends. The occurrence
being perceived by the crews of several luggers belong-
ing to heal, Ramsgate, and Broadstairs, who are gene-
rally cruising about that dangerous part of the coast in
order to render immediate assistance to vessels in dis-
tress, they quickly bore down towards her, but the gale
still increasing, accompanied by a heavy fall of hail and
snow, made it utterly impossible for thew to go al-ngsitle'
-the wreck ; in fact, it was anticipated 'that their taints
c uld not outlive the storm ; she sea running so treteicn-
dously high. The crew of the ill-fated brig were at this
.period in a truly appalling condition, no sooner had she
struck, than the surf made a complete breach over her,
and several of the poor fellows were nearly washed over-
, board. It was only by maintaining a firm hold that they
were prevented from being swept away, and they after-
wards more firmly secured themselves by lashing each
other in the rigging, where they were not so exposed to
the full fury of the boisterous element, the sea contin-
ually rolling over the mast-head. In this situation did
the unfortunate creatures, who consisted of Captain Tur-
ner, eight seamen, and an apprentice, remain for seven
hours, and conceiving that it was next to an impossibi-
lity of being saved, shook hands fervently with each other,
and resigned themselves to that fate which apparently
awaited them, as the vessel then was fast sinking into the
body of the sand. The conduct pursued by the crews
of the huggers, who are better known as " Peal boat-
men," was of such a character as deserves the highest
commendation. They continued cruising übout the wreck,
waiting for an apportunitv to run alongside of her, and
in doing which their craft often appeared us if buried
amidst the boiling so tempestuous was the state of
the ocean. The cries of the unfortunate fellows, who were
still in the rigging, are describes! to have been of the
most heart-rending description, imploring for assistance
in the most piteous manner. At last, about four o'clock
in the morning, one of the loggers succeeded in running
so close alongside the brig as to enable Captain Turner
to jump from the rigging on board of her ; but in the
next moment the lugger was carried away from the
wreck, and thereby prevented the same means of escape
to the remaining nine poor creatures in the rigging. It
wasl/4then determined upon to throw ropes from the lug.
ger, and bid the sutiCring crew to tie the end round their
bodies, whereby they might be hauled on board. For
tunately they acted as desired; and, having thrown them-
selves overboard, they were eventually dragged into the
lugger, although in a most deplorable state of exhaus-
tion. One of them, however, had a most remarkable
escape ; the rope broke, and he was carried a consider-
able distance ere he could be recovered. The loggers
then returned to their respective stations with the unfor-
tunate sufferers, and landed them in perfect safety, when
every attention was atil)rded them that their destitute
condition required. The loss of the brig is stated to be
upwards of 2,0001. The last accounts received yester-
day, states that the wreck had entirely disappeared.

THE TEMPERANCE REFORMATION IN IRRLAND.--.
Many persons are of opinion that the change will not
last, and that a re-action against the temperance move-
ment may soon be expected. For ourselves, we have
great confidence in the permanency of the benefits pro-
duced. There may, perhaps, after a time, be more oc-
casional instances of drunkenness, and less of total ab-
stinence, than at present; but the harm has been broken;
the same talisman will never regain its lost influence.
The habit of drinking is rarely acquired from the mere
gratification afforded by it to the palate, or the plea-
sures of intoxication. It is the creature of conventional
usages. Working men invited each other to drink at
markets and fairs, as the higher classes of England
formerly did at their tables, because it was the custom;
and a sign of 11,,spitality and good fellowship. The cus-
tom is now destroyed ; intoaieation no longer receives
the countenance of opinion ; drinking most henceforth
be individual, it cannot be national.— Westminster Review.

PRICE OF BEER AT BOTANY BAY.--The author of
" Tales of the Colonies" gives the following amusing sketch of
a Botany Bay Boniface :—" Glass of beer," said I. Nothing
under a bottle," said the landlord. " How much does your
bottle hold ?" said I, fur I knew it was necessary to be cautious
in dealing with these town chaps. " Just the same uin
England," said he. showing the bottle, with Barclay's double
stout marked on the label. It's true, my heart did warm to
the beer, and quite forgetting to ask the price, I said with st
sort of glee, "nut with the cork." It was out in a twiinavlcelins
that drink was a prime one, I must say, if "I__lnv7.. With
an-
other. " Take a glass yourself, landlord,"t;ei'Lio,
pleasure," said he, and filling
titimmee,towirthuon"tlawiftait-i;
said he. " Never
fivllriyugg°2:lothhecarl.th,"Hs said
d filledhe thoi s nateiu.tt
teer
ing to be invited. "1.1",7, said I, wine, to pay?" $ Half
drunk better in my lafe,
a guinea." said he. " Half a guinea r' said I, " for a bottle
said he, " and cheap WO; there's only
two bedeoree ?" s
n left Yesinti:e colony, and you have just drunk one a-
them:"

Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols.,
H E SECRET PASSION.
1.. By the Author of
" SHAKSPEARE AND HIS FRIENDS," " THE
YOUTH OF SHAKSPEARE," &e.
Henry Colburn, Publish( r, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

CLE AV E' S GAZETTE OF -VARIETY.
NEW SERIES.

No. 1., now publishing (price One Penny), of the NEW
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literature, including an article on " The Late Hour System "
—La Grande Breteche; a Tale—Memoir of Mozart—Story of
Ahull C Issim's Shoes—British Captives in China—New Eng-
land Supernaturalism—" Young England." By Laman
Blanchard, Esq.—Death of Da Vinci—Poetry—Weekly Gossip
—Address to Headers, &c.

Lon 'on : Cleave, Shoe-lane, Fleet-street; and all B inksellers.

COTTON TWIST REDIVIVUS !
THE WEEKLY CHRONICLE, of SATUR-
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rontain No. 1 of a New Series of the LETTERS of COT-
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FREE TRADE! PLENTY TO DO! HIGH PROFITS!
GOOD WAGES I and CHEAP BREAD!
Also, No. 20 of the celebrated Articles on IRISH HIS-
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tant crisis.—Otfiee, 337, Strand.

11-1 E NEXT DISTRIBL i lON of MONEY
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THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE.
THIS EVENING. JANUARY 25,
Will be repeated a New Grand pera, m 1 hree Acts. calledTHE
BOHEMIAN GIRL. Count Arnheim, Mr. Borrani ; 1 haddeus,
Mr. W. Harrison; Arline, Miss Raintorth; Queen of the Gipsies,
Miss Betts.
After which, will be repeated a New Grand Comic Christmas
Pantomime. entitled HARLEQUIN AND KING PEPIN ; or,
VALENTINE AND ORSON. Harlequin, ,Ir. Howell; Colum-
bine, Mis, Casson; Clown, Mr. T. Ridgway ; Pantaloon, Mr.
Blanchard:
'Upper Circles of Boxes Is.,
Dress Boxes 75., Second Price 3s. 6d. ;
Second Price 3s. • Pit 3s_, Second Price Mhidle t'aliery 25..
Second Price Is. ;' Upper Gallery Is., Second Price (M.
-
THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT-GARDEN.
M. JULLIEN'S CONCERTS.
M. Julliel regrets that he is unable to give a Concert
FHIS
EVENING, Jan. 25, the Theatre having been let previous to his
occupation.
P itOGRASIIII F. FOR TO-MORROW EVENING, JAN. C. 6.
Locke 's celebrated Music to Macbeth, with Solos for Ophicleide,
Bassoon, and Oboe, by Messrs. Prospere, Baumann, and Barret—
Locke.
First Movement of the Grand Symphony—Roth Albert.
Overture, Oberon—Weber.
Solo. Bassoon, M. Baumann.
Solo, Violin, Master Thirlwall.
New Quadrille, entitled the Toy Quadrille, with „Solo by Master
Thirlwall—Jullien.
The English Quadrille—Jullien.
Burletta Quadrille, entitled Dancing for the Million—Julllen.
flew Quadrille, The Irish Echos—Jullien.
Doors Open at Halt past Seven, commence at Eight o•Clock.
Promenade, Is , Upper Boxes, Is.; Dress Circle, •2s. dd. ; Private
Boxes, 11. Is. Tickets to be obtained at the Box-office of the
Theatre; of Mr. Mitchell, Old Bond-street; Mr. Andrews, New
B Jud-stteet ; Mr. Sams, St. James's-street; and M. Jullien's Office,
s, Maddox-street, Bond-street. •

not take his seat; his absence is much regretted, as
he is respected by all parties.
One of our Dublin correspondents makes the fol-
lowing remarks on the proceedings : _

" The trial progresses, marked with its usual cha-
racteristics of bitterness and asperity on the part of
the Crown lawyer. Indeed, with this exception,
counsel on both sides, and the judges themselves, are
well enough disposed to relax into a smile when occasion
offers. During the very amusing cross-examination
of one of the police-constables, by Messrs. HATCIIELL
and WHITESIDE, the ATTORNEY-GENERAL was the
only person whose countenance was unvisited by a
smile. One saw by him that it had no business there.
I do not believe the trials will continue so long as
was at first supposed. It is rumoured that the Crown
will close on Wednesday. The traversers' counsel will
occupy four days in addressing the jury. The examina-
tion of witnesses for the defence, the reply of the SOLI-
CITOR-GrENERAL, and the summing up of the Judge,
will occupy till about the end of the third week. It
is conjectured the jury will be very brief in perform-
ing their portion of the act. Of course this can be
only conjecture; but there are those who know
the men who say it is certain. lam very
much disposed to doubt it myself, judging,
of course, from the nature of the evidence. lam
certain the case would not stand a moment before
English judges, and an English jury."

THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
M•t. BENJAMIN WEBSTER, LESSEE.
RE-ENGAGEMENT OF PROFESSOR RISLEY
AND HIS INFANT SON.
THIS EVENING, JANUARY 25,
Will be repeated the Comedy of THE MERRY WIVES OF
WINDSOR. Sir John Falstaff, Mr. Strickland; Master Slender,
Mr. C. Mathews ; Mr. Ford, Mr. Stuart ; Mr. Page, Mr. Howe;
Fenton, Sir. Caulfield; Sir Hugh Evans, Mr. Webster; Mrs. Page,
M.:clame Vestris ; Mrs. Ford, Mrs. Nisbett ; Mrs, Quickly, Mrs.
Glover; Anne Page, Miss Mattley.
Atter which, the Unparalleled Performances of Professor RISLEY
and his SONS.
To conclude with a New Fairy Extravaganza, entitled THE FAIR
ONE WITH THE GOLDEN LOCKS! King Lachrymose, Mr.
J. Bland; Prince Graceful, Miss P. Horton; Queen Lucidora,
Miss Julia Bennett.
Orchestra Stalls ss. ; Boxes, ss. ; Pit, ;Gallery, 25.; Upper
Gallery, Is, Half-price—Boxes es. ; Gallery, Is. ; Upper
Gallery, Gd. Doors opener at Half-past Six, and the Performances
commence at Seven.
'Pickets and Places to be had of Mr I. T. Archer, at the Box-
oftice, from Ten till Five.

THEAII RE ROYAL HAYMARKET.
POSITIVELY THE LAST NIGHT BUTdT WO OF PRO-
FESSOR RISLEY AND HIS INFANT SONS.
Unprecedented success attending the revival of " The Merry
Wives of Windsor," which will b., acted every evening till further
notice, thus ca t :—Sir John Falstaff. Mr Strickland ' • Slender, Mr.
Charles Mathews; Evans, Mr. Webster; Ford, Mr. Stuart ; Page,
Mr. Howe; Caius, Mr. J. Bland; Pistol, Mr. Brindal; Mrs. Page,
Madame Vestris; Mrs. Ford, Mrs. Nisbett; Dame Quickly, Mrs.
Glover. .-y special request of mans families of distinction, and in
consequence cf the numerous clisappintments, arising from the
nightly overflows, of witnessing the extraordinary and unique Per.
formances of Professor Risky and his Infiait Son, Mater John
Risley, " The little Wonder," they have been induced to forego
their Provincial Engagements, and r main for positively 'three Nights
only, appearing every evening this week. Master H. Risley (only tour
years old) will make his fir.t and only appearances ro.night,
Friday, and Saturday, and go through a Series of Performances, in
conjunction with his Father and Brother, unparalleled for elegance
and fearless daring

L T. ARCHER, Box-book Keeper.

Whether conviction or acquittal be the result of
the now pending, trial, one thing is quite certain that
no Government ever stood in so strange a position,
in relation to the proceedings it has thought proper to
institute—to the mode in which it prepared to com-
mence them—to the manner in which it has carried
them on, before a jury chosen fr.om a fraudulent list—
or to the effect now produced upon the public mind—
or to be produced hereafter, than the Government, par
excellence, which now rules Ireland. Not a man in
this country cares what verdict that jury may pro-
nounce, as to its influence upon the country; the
sentiment is universal, that the decision of the jury
is prejudged, pre-determined, and that no evidence
for the prosecution, nor any testimony for the de-
fence, can alter the conclusion to which it is intended
to come. This is entirely owing to the conduct of
the Government, and no blame can attach to any
person, save the Officers of the Crown, for the crea-
tion of the present state of public feeling in relation
to this trial. The jury cannot be blamed for the po-
sition in which they are placed ! it may prove a most
unfounded, a most calumnious, anticipation of their
own intentions—they may be as honest and inde-
pendent a jury as ever stepped into a jury-box, but
they are an unfairly selected and a concocted jury
for all that. The Government, again, has contrived
to place themselves in the character of persecutors, not
prosecutors, and the accused are looked upon as perse-
cuted, more than legally prosecuted. Can it be won-
dered at, that all Englishmen (saving always the hangers-
on of Government, and the ultra-Tories, who thirst
for the very blood of O'CONNELL), look with disgust
at the trial, and value the result not a rush ? Con-
viction will bring no disgrace to the traversers, no
triumph to the Crown Officers, and law is bringing
itself into disgrace, because there is no connection
between it and justice.
Such is the feeling as to the operation of the ver-
dict upon the public, and it is shown by the almost
indifference with which the trial is viewed, and
which has been on the increase, ever since the AT-
TORNEY-GENERAL closed his opening speech. The
evidence has hitherto disclosed nothing, and this
abortion of an Attorney-General's brain, of a Home
Secretary of State's labour, conceived in malice,
ushered into the world by trickery and espionage,
realises the very worst specimen of a State prosecu-
tion that even the annals of Toryism afford.
" pontes parturiunt, nascitur ridiculus mus."

THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI.
The Best Pantomime of the Seasen—Gorgeous Scenery.
THIS EVENING, JANUARY 25,
The New Drama, embracing Extrao'dinary Effects, Powerful Cast,
and Novel Scenic Display, called
THE BOHEMIANS; or, The Rogues of Paris. Principal
Cnaracters by Messrs. Lyon, O. Smith, Wright, Wieland, Maynard,
Mrs. Yates, Miss E. Stanley, Mrs. F. Matthews.
After which, a New Grand Christmas Pantomime, called HAIL.
LEQUIN BLUE BEARD, or, The Fairy of the Silver Crescent.
Produced with Enormous Splendour and Woralerfut Eflects
Columbine, Miss Batten ; Harlequin Quicksilver, by the inimitable
Wieland; Clown, by the Grimaldi of the day, Mr. T. Matthews,
from the Theatres Royal, Covent-garden and Drury-lane; Panta.
loon, Mr. Johnstone.
Boxes, 4s. ; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, Is. ; Second price at Nine. Doors
open at Six, commences at a Quarter before Seven o'Clock.

PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD.STREET.
LESSEE, Mr. J. M. MADDOX.
'THIS EVENING, JANUARY 25,
Will be performed LUCREZIA BORGIA. Don Alphoiso, Mr.
Burdini ; Gennarro, Mr. Allen ; Mattio Orsini, Mrs. H. P. Grattan ;
Gubetta, Mr. Walton ; Lucrezia Borgia, Madame Eugenia Garcia.
After which, A DAY WELL SPENT.
To conclude with the New Musical Burlesque .spectacle, entitled
THE MAGIC MIRROR. Sing Song, Mrs. H. P. tirattan ; Poo.
Poo, Mr. Paul Bedford ; Sloe-Leaf, Miss R. Isaacs.

ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE OF ARTS.
Under the Management of Mr. Batty, Proprietor.
Triumphant Success of the Equestrian Novelties and Pantomime.
THREE GRAND NATIONAL HOLIDAY CLOSING FETES.
The succession of crowded houses and increased demands for
Places at the Box-o t ce, compels the Proprietor to announce that
this Popular Establishment will remain Open a few Nights longer;
and, by special desire, and in concurrence with the wi,hes of
Astley's Patrons, according to annual custom, for a series of British
National Fetes, pourtraying the Victoties of England's Hero
Wellington, with all its Military Effects, New Dresses Scenery, and
Appointments,
THIS EVENING, JANUARY 25,
Will be performed the Grand National Spectacle of THE BATTLE
OF WATERLOO. Napoleon Buonairirte, Mr. Gomersal, his ori-
ginal character

New Scenes in the Circle.
To conclude with the Pantomime cf HARLEQUIN TAM
O•SHANTER.
Acting and Stage Manager, Mr. W. D. Broadfoot. Stalls. ss. ;
Boxes, 45.; Upper Boxes, 3s. ; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, Is.; Upper Gallery,
rid. Box-office open daily from "I en till Four. Stage Uoxes, One
Gain, a ; Half-price to Ditto, Halt-a-Guinea. Private Boxes, Two
iiimas; Hall-price to Ditto, One Guinea. Half-price, Half-past
Eight.

DAVIDOE'S ROYAL SURREY THEAII RE.
As usual, the funniest and most successful Pantomime.
THIS, EVENING, JANUARY 25,
Will be -repeated a Neiv Drama, '
entitled STELLA RITTER&
DORF. Supi.orted by Messrs. Saville, Hughes, Hicks, R. Hower.
Neville, Vale; Smith, Johnson, Lewis' eslop, Mrs. R. Horner, Mrs.
Daly. Mrs. Hughes, Miss Terrey, and Mrs. H. Vining.
After which an' entirely new Grand Comic" Pantomime, with
Splendid Scenery, Superb Dresses, Inimitable Properties and Tricks,
every thing • new and of the most costly description, HARLEQUIN
GRAM M AR, or, Lindley Murray,and A EIO U. Harleluin, Mr.
W. H. Harvey ; Grotesque, Mr. Stilt; Clown, Mr. Puller; Panta-
loon, Mr. Hawis ins ; Columbines (alternately) Miss M. R. hair_
brattier and Miss Sharpe.
Places and Private Boxes to be had of Mr. Kerschner, at the Box.
office, from Eleven .o Four.

But though the effect of a conviction or an ac-
quittal, be nothing on the public mind, for the sake
of justice, for the good of humanity, and for the
vindication of the institutions of our country, it is to
be hoped that the jury may show their total want of
participation in the feelings of those who have chosen
them to be the instruments of legal vengeance, not of
legal judgment and deliberation. It is to be hoped
that the jury will decide upon the evidence, and upon
that alone ; and we know nothing, save common

rumour, and general impression, to which the
indecent boasting of one Tory journal that
a conviction was certain; of another, that
the place of O'CoNNELL's imprisonment was already
in preparation; and of a third that Carrickfergus was
to be the prison of Ireland's greatest patriot, to in-
duce us as yet to believe the contrary. Common
rumour is not noted for general truth, and in this
instance both rumour and Tory journalism may
prove to be only the expression of a wish, " the father
to the thought."
The meeting of Parliament on Thursday next, will
happen before this trial can by possibility have
ended, and it will be no extraordinary occurrence, if,
at the very moment that the traversers are standing
at the Dublin bar, charged with agitating for the
Repeal of the Union, the policy or impolicy of that
Repeal should be the subject of discussion in the
Houses of Parliament. If illegal in Ireland, is the
subject to be illegal in England? If not to be named
there, is it to be proscribed here ? We do not think
that even Sir JAMES GRAHAM will dare to attempt
so to muzzle public opinion here. But time will
show ; and we hardly know any proposition too mon-
strous for an English Secretary of State, such as Sir
JAMES GRAHAM, to put forth, if, instead of POLLOCK
and FOLLETT, be had two Such laW-officers in Eng-
land as Mr. Attorney-General SMITH, to attempt its
establishment.

We are glad to find that the attention of the public
has been challenged by a•Morning Contemporary to
the valuable evidence delivered by his Grace the
Duke of WELLINGTON, before the Select Committee
of the House of Commons on " Shipwrecks," in the
month of July last. We specially adverted to his
Grace's answers, in an article which appeared in The
Sun, about two or three months since, on the First
Report of that Committee. But our observations
were then limited to the necessity for the establish-
ment of "harbours of refuge." On that point (one of
the main objects of the Committee's inquiries) the
Duke's opinions were distinct and decisive. He was
for the immediate construction of at least two such
harbours between the Downs and Portsmouth ; the
one, probably at Dungeness, the other at Dover; but
in answer to a question from Admiral Sir CHARLES
NAPIER, he allowed that it might be expedient to
establish one nearer Beachy Head, if the scientific
men, of whose opinions and advice the Committee
had the benefit, concurred in such recommendation.
Ills Grace's mention of Dungeness was founded on
his better knowledge of that locality, and its obvious
capabilities for such a purpose. But the Duke, in
several parts of his evidence on the same occasion,
fully admitted, and powerfully described, the pressing
want of forts and batteries on the coasts of the Chan-
nel, for the protection more especially of the mighty
trade of the port of London.
Nothing can be more clear than the mode in which
he demonstrates the liability of our commerce, coming
up Channel, to the depredations of any active marl-
time enemy, in the event of war,—but more espe-
The examination of witnesses in the Irish State
daily with France. The Duke shows that the appli-
trials was resumed on Tuesday at 10 o'clock.
cation of steam to armed sailing vessels as a locomo-
They were all members of the constabulary force—
either officers or privates. Their testimony went tive power, added to the little draught of war steamers,
to prove the utterance of certain phrases and renders it impossible that in time of war fleets of 400
expressions,' to which the law-officers of the Crown or 500 merchantmen can ever again venture to lie in the
attached importance, by the traversers and others Downs, at one time, awaiting convoy for example ;
who spoke at the several "monster meetings ', whilst single vessels will no longer be able to creep
The meetings to which the evidence applied e. alon the southern coast of Britain to the entrance of
were those held at Longford, Mallow, Ti, the Thames, with impunity. We subjoin a few of the
more interesting passages of his Grace's depositien
more, Baltinglass, Clontibret, and Tara. The police-a-
I should say that, considering the want ofprotec-
men founded their testimony upon notes which theytion‘ from the weather, and from military attacks, in the
took of whatever appeared to them to be inflamma Channel, the trade of the port of London will be in
tory language, used by the speakers. On their a very precarious situation, and will be a very losing
cross-examination it very frequently came out that one, in a variety of ways, in time of war, if some-
those " recording angels" in black belts were not the thing is not done beforehand—if some precautions are
most accurate note-takers in the reporting world. not taken. Steam-power in woving ships has made
Their notes appeared to such progress at present, a' that it must have a most
be rather free translations of
the speeches of the Repealers. In one instance a por-
material effect in maritime warfare—l use the word
tion of a speech which was delivered at Baltinglass
maritime warfare in contradistinction to naval warfare
of tenure" notoriety, —in all future times.
by Mr. CONNER, of " fixitylf anybody will just consider
who, it may be in the recollection of the public, was the advantage the French coast enjoys over the coast
/ of this country, in observation of what is passing at
expelled, some time ago, from the Repeal Association
for persisting in a motion of an unjust and illegal na- sea, that is, to the southward, they have the sun• in II
ture, relative to the tenure of land—a portion of his their hacks,—they see everything quite clear; and it 1
speech one of those armed reporters swore was deli- is possible, from the coast of France, to calculate to a
vered by Mr. O'CONNELL. The Court rose at half- moment at k‘ hat period a vessel coming up Channel
past four. I will arrive at particular points, and they may be in
Judge BURTON still continues indisposed, and does 1 readiness to seize her, at any point which may happen

ROYAL. VICTORIA THEATRE.
THIS EVENING, JANUARY 25,
Will be performed an entirely New Domestic Drama, entitle.
POVERTY; or. Mary. Graham. Leonard, Mr. Freer; Jessamy
Tacit, Mr. Nants • Squire Graham, Dale; Patty Parrot, Miss
Arden ; Mary Graham, Miss Vincent.
After which NATURE AN i) AR r. In which Miss Vincent
Will sustain her Five Original Characters.
To conclude with HA lt LEQU I N LINCOLN LUCKY OF LA M.
HETI' ; or, The Three Sisters of Witch Willow Dell. Harlequin,
Mr. Chapino ; Clown, Mr. Scatbrow ; Pantaloon, Mr. Morelli;
Columbine, Miss M. Schmidt

THE WEATHER.-Stm OFFICE, JAN. 25.

rumwomETl n, Lowest, 31; Highest, 42 ; Noon, 40.
BA ROM V.TER, 30.35.—W1ND, S.W.

NOTE.—The nu,sber 32 on the Thermometer denotes
the freezing point, and 55 temperate. In Barometers
&ix is usually placed opposite 30, and rain at 29.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON-BRIDGE THIS DAY.
*ming ... 20 minutes after 5. I Evening ... 38 minutes after 5.

SECOND EDITION.

to be unguarded, supposing the vessel to be without
convoy, and supposing there should be no naval means
at that point to take care of her. I should say that
the trade of the port of London would labour under a
great disadvantage, if it were found that every vessel
coming up from Portsmouth was obliged to come up
in a convoy ; that she should be shut up unless there
were a convoy. I have given a good deal of reflec-
tion to it, and have thought of it a long while, and
that is the conclusion to which I have come ; and it
is a rational conclusion, for it is founded on what the
state of the commerce of this port, which is the great
port of the country, will be by-and-bye, if something
is not done."

His Grace contemplates the possibility, even on the
Goodwin Sands, if we rightly construe his evidence,
of constructing such formidable defences, by means
of batteries, as efficiently to protect our commercial
marine in making for the Thames.

"I am not able to judge of the maritime capacity
of the Downs; but I should suppose, from what I
see, that the Downs is safe—not very comfortable,
but safe as a port; and I believe the holding ground
is good. I think it would not be at all difficult to
secure it, in a military point of view, for vessels run-
ning in there. Ido not mean to say that it is im-
possible to do anything in Trinity Bay. I think it is
wonderful what Captain BULLOCK has done upon the
Goodwin Sands; and I will not pretend to say how
far those measures might be carried out, and how far
they might give further security in the Downs.
There is no doubt whatever, that a port in the Downs,
to give to vessels lying in the Downs perfect security,
would bit a very desirable object; but I cannot say
how far that system of Captain BULLOCK'S can be
carried out."

" 5,267. In time of war your Grace is aware that
it will be impossible, with steam, for the trade to lie
at anchor safely in the Downs ?—There have been in-
stances of privateers coming into the Downs and
taking out vessels; but now that there is steam, it
would be perfectly impossible for 400 or 500 vessels
to lie in the Do'wns. I should say it would be pos-
sible to give an increase of military security so as to
give complete security. I should say that it is a se-
cure place in the main, but I doubt if it is a very
comfortable place."
How the sea batteries requisite to give effect to
these salutary plans for protecting the commerce of
the port of London might be provided, Mr. MITCHELL
has recently shown, in a pamphlet, to which we shall
hereafter recur more at length.
In the mean time we cannot too strongly express
our hope that the Legislature will take into its very
earliest consideration the measures,—and at the ear-
liest possible period provide the means,—for remedy-
ing a deficiency of coast defence, which, in reference
to the interests to be guarded, will strike with as-
tonishment every reader who has not previously ac-
quainted himself with the facts. Yet, if no other re-
cord existed of the disgrace which has been inflicted
upon our national reputation, in times past, by the
same infatuated neglect of such primary precautions
as were thus authoritatively urged on Parliament in
1843, the lively narrative bequeathed to us by
SAMUEL PEPYS in his " Diary" might have illus-
trated to the existing generation of his countrymen,
the reality of the peril they are now incurring, and
have so wilfully incurred—and the facility with which
an enterprising enemy may take advantage of such a
state of things to lay waste our greatest naval arsenals,
and threaten London itself. It is not above some hun-
dred and sixty years ago, since the Dutch burned
Chatham to the ground, forcing the passage of the
Medway, and afterwards sailing far up the Thames.
It is not more than fifteen years since that the late
lamented Sir JOSEPH YORKE wrung from the re-
luctant representative of the Admiralty in Parlia-
ment, the confession that he was justified in having
described the position of Sheerness, one of our most
important and best supplied dockyards, as so ex-
posed and defenceless, that it would be possible for a
foreign fleet to sail up one arm of the Swale, under
favour of a foggy morning, destroy all the works and
shipping, and capture and sail away with the com-
missioners, the dockmaster, the pay-clerks, and all
other officials doing penance in that muddy and pro-
fligate locality.

Since we noticed the evidence of his Grace the
Duke of WELLINGTON to the urgent importance of
providing not only " Harbours of Refuge " between
Portsmouth and the Downs, but also of erecting, at or
near the stations to be selected for such harbours,—
forts to protect the trade of London, entering or de-
parting from the mouth of the Thames ; we
have carefully perused Messrs. MITCHELL and
SON'S " Description and Sketch of a Pa-
tent Screw-pile Battery and Lighthouse."
Having already demonstrated that the prodigious
commerce of the port of London must, in the event
of a "maritime" war—(to preserve the distinction
so justly enforced by the Duke in the evidence
alluded to)—and the continued deficiency of such
protection along the coasts,--of that portion, more
especially—of the Channel, be always liable to incal-
culable injury from the armed steamers of any naval
enemy (for this species of force can readily navigate
in those shallows which, as to other craft, are among
the natural defences of our shores) ; we need not
further insist upon the vital policy involved in the
speediest possible reparation of our long-enduring
negligence. _ _

The sort of .serew.pile battery,- and lighthouse
which Mesirs. MlTCtiati,l and SON mostly but
powerfully recommend, has the invaluable advantage
of being easily•erected on sea banks—on banks even
of loose sand, " at, a distance of many miles from the
nearest coast ;"—of being inconceivably strong to
resist the action of high winds, tempestuous, seas,
and the rolling swells which break outside so
many of our great estuaries ; and of being very
economical in its construction. These admirable
properties have been excellently tested, and we may
add, triumphantly confirmed. The pamphlet before
us is illustrated by two sketches—the one representing,
in perspective, such a battery and lighthouse " con-
structed entirely of malleable iron, and having its
screw-pile foundation firmly planted on a bank beneath
the sea." The other, showing an elevation view of a
screw-pile battery of twenty-eight guns, with a
vertical section of the bank, in which the screw-piles
are fixed. Now, as to " the principle of such founda-
tions," it is gratifying to know that it has been
" well tested both on the east and west coasts of Eng-
land, off the shores of which have been erected
screw-pile lighthouses, that have now withstood the
storms of several winters without exhibiting the
slightest symptom of insecurity or decay."—" That
the first of such foundations was fixed on the Maplin
Sands" by these engineers (Messrs. MITCHELL and
SoN), in the summer of 1838, by order of the Corp°•
ration of the Trinity House, at the recommendation
of their engineer, JAMES WALKER, Esq., F.R.S.,
&c. &c., " who has since erected on it the Maplin
lighthouse; and though it stands upon a bank of
loose sand, many miles from the nearest coast, and
" exposed to the swell from the German Ocean, yet
it is as stable and as likely to endure as if based upon
a rock."—" But the first lighthouse of this, or indeed
of any description, that has ever been based upon
a submarine sand-bank was erected entirely by Messrs.
MITCHELL and SON, after their own designs, in the
winter of 1839, at the entrance of the sea reach lead-
ing to the town of Fleetwood-on-Wyre. It has now
been standing nearly four years, having been first
lighted on the 6th of June, 1840 ; and, though the
material is principally wood, a little paint is all that
has been requisite to keep it in perfect condition,
since its erection, though exposed on the north and
west to the swell of the open sea ; the tide rising on
the columns upwards of thirty feet."
The stability of these screw pile structures is stated
by these engineers to depend—first, on the firm hold
which the broad screw takes of the ground, by being
forced far beneath its surface ; secondly, on the solid
part of the building being placed above the reach of
the no broad surface is opposed to the free
passagehighestof theea w,
ayes, which consequently do not affect
s
the structure. It is necessary to bear these two
causes of stability in mind, when contemplating the
engraved view of the battery and light house, in order
to overcome the distrust which one would otherwise
naturally entertain of a surbase represented only by
one and forty narrow pole-like stems of iron, severally
insulated, and at first sight seeming to mock the
volume and the velocity of a tempestuous sea by a
frame-work .of such contrasted apparent fragility and
inadequacy. But this inadequacy and fragility are
only apparent. There can be no sort, of doubt, upon
the result of the most severe experiments, that the I

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