The Sun.
London, England, 1850-02-27 00:00:00

MERCHANT SEAMEN'S FUND.

In replytoaqaestiOrTfComMr. CARDWELL
Mr. LABOUCHERE replied that it was not the in-
tention of Government to take the division on the second
readings of this and the other similar Bills ou thy days

for which they were fixed, and hoped therefore that the
Hon. Gentleman would not, oppose his postponing them to
a future day, in order that they might be rendered as per-
fect as possible.
THE FRANCHISE IN THE COLONIES.
Mr. AGLIONBY gave notice that on the discussion
of the Australian Representation Bill he should move
that the elective system be extended to New Zealand,
and, if there was no clause for it, that it should be ex-
tended especially to the suutbern provinces of that island.
THE BLOCKADE OF ATHENS.
Mr. ANSTEY wished to ask the Secretary of State
for Foreign Affairs whether he would lay on the table of
the House copios of the instructions to Admilar Sir
William Parker, meationed at p. 316 of the " Corre-
spondence respecting the Demands made upon the Greek
Government," and particularly any order of her Majesty
in Council authorising that officer to blockade the ports
of Greece, and take and detain vessels belonging to
Greek subjects or their Government?
Lord PALMERSTON said Sir W. Parker had re-
ceived orders from the Board of Admiralty, and that
it was not generally the custom to make these orders
the subject of an order in Council.
Mr. ANSTEY wished to know if the Noble Lord
would state whether it was necessary, in order to justify
such reprisals, far an order in Council to be issued.
Lord PALMERSTON was understood to say it
was not.
Mr. ADDERLEY wished to ask whether's late Secre-
taryship in the colonies had not been offered to Mr.
Dominick Bailley, formerly Secretary to the Canadas,
who assigned as a reason for refusing the appointment
that he did not think a stranger to the colonies could
discharge the office.
Mr. HAWES could not answer the question.
REPAYMENT OF IRISH ADVANCES.

Mr. MONSELL said, as warreint;h.atiWe;—issued
against the persons in Ireland to whom advances had
been made by the Government, under the Labour Rate
Act, he wished to know whether, in consequence of the in-
tention of the Government to extend the period for the
repayment of the advances they were prepared to stay
those warrants until the decision of the House was
known ?

Sir W. SOMERVILLE said, it was necessary under
the Act to issue the warrants, but it was not the inten-
tion of the Government to force their execution.
SURVEY OF THE IRISH COAST.
In reply to Mr. ANSTEY,
Mr. PARKER said, the survey of the Admiralty
from Waterford to Dungarvon had been completed, and in
all probability the survey would be continued to Youghal.
TIPPERARY UNION.
In reply to Mr. SCULLY;
Sir W. SOMERVILLE said there appeared to have
been considerable mortality in the Tipperary Union, but
the last accounts he had received did not bear out the
statement that 40 or 50 had died in a week.
EXPLANATION OF MR. BRIGHT.

Mr. BRIGHT asked the indulgence of the House
with reference to a personal matter affecting himself and
another Member of the House. It would be in their re-
collection that on the debate respecting the advances to
distressed unions in Ireland he made a statement as to the
difficulty of collecting the poor•rate in certain districts.
Amongst other statements that he made was, that a
large landed proprietor in the west of Ireland, and an
Hon. Member of this House representing an Irish
county, had made over to a near relative certain goods
and chattels, the furniture of a house, for the purpose
of saving them from being seized for the payment of
poor-rates. At the time he made that statement he had
every reason to believe that the information was founded
in truth, but he had since had an opportunity of seeing
the Honourable Member on the subject, who had laid
before him papers and documents from which
he was bound to believe that the parties
who had furnished him with the information
were mistaken in their view of the purpose for which the
property was made over. He had not had time to com-
municate with them on the matter, but nevertheles he
thought it right to accept the statement of the Hon.
Gentleman, and retract that which must have been
calculated to cast an imputation upon his character.
Mr. H. HERBERT acknowledged the candour with
which the Hon. Member had made this retractation, but
had he been aware of the intention of the Hon. Member
to make such a statement as they had just heard, he
should have availed himself of the opportunity of reading
a letter which he had received from a large landed pro-
prietor in Ireland, controverting other portions of the
Hon. Gentleman's statement.—(Hear, hear.)
The subject then dropped.
ATTORNEYS AND SOLICITORS' CERTIFICATE
DUTY.

Sir D. Norreys, Mr. Henry Herbert, Col. Chatterton,
Mr. V. Smith, and Mr. Henley presented petitions pray-
ing for the repeal of the attorneys and solicitors' annual
certificate duty.
Sir JAMES DUKE also presented a petition from cer-
tain respectable attorneys practising in the city of London
praying for a remission of the duty on attorneys' annual
certificates.
Mr. AGLIONBY presented a similar petition from
the Law Society of Staple's Inn.
Mr. CARDWELL presented a similar petition from
Liverpool.
Lord ROBERT GROSVENOR presented similar
petitions from the Incorporated Law Sec'ety of Great
Britain, and from the counties of Bedford, Hereford,
Cambridge, Chester, Cumberland, Durhsm, Hants,
Huntingdon, and others, there being 178 petitions in
the whole.
The NOBLE LORD again rose, and said that it bad been
his duty, before the termination of last session, to bring
under the consideration of the House the case of the
journeymen bakers of the metropolis, with a view to re-
lieve them from the hardships by which they were op-
pressed.—(Hear, hear.) The journeymen bakers formed
but a small portion of the community, yet the House
bad given a fair consideration to their claims.—(Hear,
hear.) It was now his duty to bring before the House
the claims of another portion—a still smaller, and, in
point of numbers, a more insignitimant portion—of the
community, but a portion whose power was acknow-
ledgedly great, and of whom it had been justly said that the
confessions made in all the confessionals in the world were
not, put together, half so important in their consequences
as those made to the attorneys of this country. How
great, then, might be the injury, were they to publish
the communications which had been made to them; and
yet how few had been the instances of 'any breach of
trust which the members of this body bad committed.
Th• tax was so contrived as to press with all its
rigour upon the poor man, while it left the
wealthy man entirely free. But, notwithstanding
this, should the Noble Lord below him, as be
hoped he would not oppose, his motion, he should trust
to the good feelings of the House to carry it out.
The origin of this tax was when Mr. Pitt
was at his wit's end tor an impost, and had tried several
others in vain. Upon the discussion of this Bill several
very facetious and sensible remarks had been made.
It would be much fairer to tax the practitioner
according to the. amount of business which he
did and to his gain, and on the same
principle as that on which the income-tax was imposed
This certificate duty at present realised an annual sum f
120,0001., but the injustice did not end here, for eanh attor-
ney had to pay 1201. for stamps to his articles before he
could be allowed to practise, and the annual
receipts to the Government from this source
amounted, according to the last return, to 68,000/.
The injustice of the tax would be apparent when he
mentioned that while the rich practitioner paid
a tax of only a half per cent., his less fortunate brother
in the profession actually paid 12 per cent. on his income.
It might to urged against this motion that attorneys
levied larga contributions upon the public, and that
other trades and professions were taxed according to the
same principle. He, however, disputed the truth of the
latter objection, since that was a profession similarly
taxed and circumstanced as that of an attorney, while, if
they wished to decrease the gains of the attorney or the
costs of the solicitor, nothing was more calculated
to accomplish that object than this very motion.
The time was when attorneys made grf at profits, but
these times were gone. The House had, within the last
year, taken away from the attorneys a sum of 45,0001.
in hard cash by refusing to allow them any
discount upon stamps, of upwards of 101. This duty
operated in a most injurious manner towards
managing clerks in attorneys' offices, affecting
their morality and their independence.—(Hear, hear.)
What the attorneys complained of was, that the odious
tax was still continued upon them, while
every day they were injured by the Legislature
rendering them unable to pay it. He had
already shown the House that the tax was not
general, that it was partial and unjust; and having done
so, he would leave the matter to the decision of the
House. The Noble Lord concluded by moving for leave
to bring in the Bill.
Sir DE LACY EVANS seconded the motion.
Mr. HAYTER must oppose the motion, as its effect
would be to reduce the revenue to the extent of upwards
of 120,000/. The Hon. Gentleman concluded by moving
that the further consideration of the motion should be
postponed to the 22d March.

Sir F. TFIESIGERT:tipPorted the motion.
Mr. COCKBURN hoped the Government would
consider the proposition of the Noble Lord.
After a few observations from Colonel CHATTERTON
and Sir DE LACY EvArts, the motion was postponed
to the 22d March.
SECULAR EDUCATION.

Mr. W. J. FOX said that in rising to move for leave
to bring in a Bill to promote secular education in Eng-
land and Wales, he was deeply sensible of the difficul-
ties cf the question. There were those who thought that
it was not the duty of Government to educate the
people, and there were those who thought such a duty
peculiarly belonged to them. Between these extremes
there was a large number of persons who held that
though Government should educate the people, it might
yet see that the people educated themselves. It was
upon this view that he had constructed the measure
which he hoped to be allowed to submit to the House.
He thought the difficulties on the subject of educating
the people arose now not from indifferenee, as formerly,
but from the machinery to be employed. The efforts
made for the promotion of education were honourable to '
all. Of late years the Church had made magnificent
efforts, and so also had the Dissenters to spread educa-
tion among the poorer classes. He believed also that the
Committee of Privy Council had sincerely endeeroured
to combine the agencies they found existing, and to pro-
mote the education of the people. And yet this result
was that these great bodies were in collision one with
another; that the minutes of Council were received
almost always with angry discussion; that large num-
bers of the National Society repudiated the grants, and
that largo numbers of Dissenters connected with the
British and Foreign School Society also repudiated the
grants. The Committee of the Privy Council had tried
to bring into harmony the jarring elements, but is vain,
and the result was that the progress of education' lad
been stayed, and in some respects the movement had
been retrograde. Such a state of things was earnestly
to be deplored. A few years ago the Congregational
Dissenters 124c1 declored their iutentiwa of raising

290,000/. for educational purposes, but hartfa-ea Pet
more than 8,0001. having found its way into the hs!'_,
of their committee. In consequence of this they as'
announced that their grants to their small and
00°r
schools were suspended. From a report of the Natio soli
Society, it appeared they found the annual suPP°rt
some ~f theit- schools a matter of greater difficulti
than the building of them. In one of the reports of
the inspector of the southern district, it was 5--hed,
that not only was the building of schooli wretched,
it
but that the attendance of scholars was such thaotm.
could not he contemplated without regret. Ace but
modation was provided for 130,000 scholars,
reared
by more than 14,0C0 attended. From a parer —area
by the National Society this year, it ePP:i sole
that their finances were so inadequate that they
pended the building of schools, and had placed hrile!trinic:
Lions on St. Mark's, Chelsea, and Battersea
schools. There were other grounds than these for,call-
.. c.
ing the attention of the House to the question. Dl'
the last discussion on the subject, three years ag'ou
ri
large body of evidence had been collected from var.
sources as to the quality of the education in thiesoehr
cosoltsuaei
try, and showing that there existed a strong r
for a careful consideration of the question. An ious
reason was the movements that had arisen is °rThe
parts of the country on the subject of educatiou• r
people of Lancashire had formed an association foianwd,
education of the population of that county. Seet her
which had always maintained a proud position &riot
of
educational system, now came forward with a cladiej.
more extensive secular education, in order that:. aer
ous education might not fail of its efficiency.
na« tropolis the working people had taken a dee?: 0. by
rest in the question, and had manifested this falini at
establishing a number of self-supporting seb°° at
which hundreds of their children were educate
girls.
the rate of 61 per week for boys, and 4d. for g
There were still stronger reasons for making s°ll3B fate
vance in this matter. No person could consider the Lout
of education in this and in foreign countries wiihuigh
feeling that this nation was not supporting her,
cb•
character and ancient prerogative. From return°
or
tained by the Government, it appeared that the V oPsin
tion to the population of persons educated was iP ',fiche%
1 in 6, in Bavaria 1 in 7 at day schools, and I°°'.'", of
Sunday schools 1 in 4, in Holland 1 in 8 exclasrso.
those privately educated, in Belgium lin 9, I%t esti•
chusetts lin 6i, while in this country the highest pi
mate, that of Mr. Baine, gave the proportion of °bnelfieeed
8/, including all kinds Of schools, although , the
lin 13 would be nearer the mark. Not onlY
of it to
smallness of the proportion, but the irregularitY ° in
be lamented. It was not the same in two countiToissses
different parishes in the same town, or in differenuiti,
of the working people. In Liverpool it was lin je 11,
Salford 1 in 36, in Chester 1 in 20, in Sheffield „icor
in Manchester 1 in 14. In Middlesex, Sussex+ awbile is
berland, the proportion was above the average', 7. War-
Bedford and several other counties it was below I"„rdiog
wick and Chester were above the average.
..„nb-etter
to recent returns from 407 cotton mills in ala"-,. on%
and the surrounding districts, no less than 82i nog
of the factory operatives could read. This cusris is
extended to the sexes. In the National sebos
ecia,
London and its neighbourhood three boys wiervnreig°,
rated to two girls; while in the British and ',ln-atea
Schools of the metropolis only one girl was e-,,t a 0
to two boys. Another ground for inquiry ,:ssio
to the efficiency of the education given, and its go
raising barriers against criminality.—(Hear, ass
knew that those who were disposed to make a I(4'e:by in
of the argument he meant to use on this point origo.ool
appearance make it recoil against education itself a test
returns on the table he found results which shoedfelf
education as now administered had had cot:opal r so
1 little effect in preventing crime. He should rueritei.
years from 1837 to 1843, and should classify the e", 00'
pals, as had been done, under four heads—l. Th°so,- rile
able to read or write; 2. Those able to read sir wall;
imperfectly; 3. Those able to read and write
and 4. Those whose education had been of 6 e"'s be
kind. During those years the gross amount of crirsi.
undergone great fluctuation; but the prof:loo°,ll,y°
spinals classified as above showed no such diversite: bad
per-tentage of criminals unable to read and wrhis-ct re'
decreased; the per-centage of criminals who the
ceived a superior education had also decreased;
per-tentage of criminals of the intermediate clad,, of
those who could read and write well—in other rierilbe
those who had received the usual instruction °
poorer classes, had increased.—(Hear, hear.) 11rwilsr
appear from the reports of Mr. Fletcher that 'iota,
results had taken place in other respects. For inss43,
in the whole number of commitments for 1842, bile
and 1844, the decrease had been 13 per ten!"„rsst
the decrease in the number of the wholly lg"tbare-
criminals had been 15 6.10 per cent. There bad ' fib°
fore been an advance of the criminality of theset ofs'
enjoyed the instruction of schools under the Prete"n esS
teen. Although he felt that religious instructiea that
most important to children, yet he was convioceciresolo
that instruction would only produce its genuine 'l,,agee
when given with a.clue admixture of secular Wl' bill%
—(Hear.) It was to the want of that secular te4eivell
that he ascribed the failure of the efforts so elttelliecie:
made to benefit the rising generation by means thipo
cation. Without this teaching the child learned 11,efiesro
but words f which he did not feel the meaning.--, d pot
hear.) The child might repeat them, but they
isc it~
sink into his mind, and an atmosphere Of seetitietiee
struction was necessary, as a stimulus to his rie 006
faculties.—(th a.-.) He would refer to the ge.°L.,"e fora
of 1848, aril takP the test generally applied vilwe .3
_As'
liana to ascertain the state in which the criminal
respects • &cation—viz., whe'her the party c°`",choe-
could repeat the Lord's Pra) or. Children hiiclre°
paren,s Lad taught them were not generally the caclfe/1
found in gaols—alear.) It was the abandoned C.d.- tbs',
of reprobate parents who were unable to Olio sr,
symbol of devotion so dear to all Christians. 'does'
sumed, therefore, though there might be o°eFi,otfl‘
cases, that if a child was found able to repeat the d the
Prayer, that child must have been at one or other w, be
:chows for educating the poor. Bearing that in Vgeoliog
would apply the test. Out of 631 prisoners in
gaol there were only 204 who could not repeat toe noliea"
Prayer, leaving 427 who had received onlY a !1; 001
education. Of 229 in Cambridge prison onlY °11,201i
unable to repeat the prayer. In that of Corri,n,
is
139 out of 684. In Dorset gaol only 57 out 0, u'o6ol
of
Lancaster prison 115 out f 603; and in the pp
Sussex 80 out of 522. He might follow thoh`o ell;
other returns from governors of gaols, shovving,tb- OA.
of a total of 6,000 prisoners, 3,000 at least had "ewhlc"
Sunday or some other schools. The impressiTic
these facts had made upon him, that, to rell), Id 11.
gious education valuable it was necessary it s—° bee-
combined with secular knowledge, seems to ba/Ae, 1°
made upon the minds of almost all who had atten"ja(l
his
the subject. The chaplain of Peetonville prisored roes
last report, stated that the proportion of edueathe leg
victs to the uneducated was fully as high as Vsooi
portion between those classes in the general P°P,--that er
The same, in a report before the House, stated sort
500 prisoners he found 178 bad attended some h feet
a school upwards of four years, and 193 less in`lasrec;
years. Similar testimony was borne by Prise; ceeel
tors. In the fourteenth report on the Exeter
gaol, it was stated that of 120 prisoners e/t
4;" sos'
21 could not repeat the Lord's Prayer, Cote;
repeat it, 51 could repeat parts of ttroiee
chism, 5 the whole, giving 99 nominally 'nth Ili:.
and 21 altogether untrained. In the fourteerios7;
port on Bodwin gaol, it was stated that 465 cram,
out of 684 could not repeat the Lord's .°
ea other
could repeat it and had a general knowledge. 0684 bse
parts of Scripture, showing that 545 out °I., to OD
gone through training-schools. In an apPeii,"l-13riti6fe
of the reports, Mr. Fletcher, an inspector of toe .tion „
and Foreign Schools, stated that the school edenecristriciv
the poor was still in infancy, and that in rate igose/neY'
it was little more than nominal. The Rev. •Tnttent7nrlt;
whose reports merited a great deeree
stated that his experience led hinito the oeewtedge
that there was a greater amount of religious itrript°lo.
in those schools where the reading of the. S oe110:'
was blended with a just proportion of secular lls-rpletr
Another inspector, the Rev. T. Cooke, of t?O1oUa
ay
politan district, stated in his report that rocAlci•r,
struction was advanced in proportion to the lief. 'Ted
of the children in other studies. Tbe •!;t, Os; r,
Blandford, an inspector for the eastern distr,!ble fe;o..
his opinion to the effect that it was iropelod 'op
teacher, however intelligent, to raise the sta),,oolto „on
struction without an ads quate supply er ;
rent
secular subject, and that out of 12,78"•te g,„si,
examined, 2,891 read the Scripture; Ivifornia4-v
ease, on account of their general in form
The Committee of the Privy Council oil :00gh t
stated, in one of their reports, that Wailen;tret °leo
efforts of religious societies there was a 8"-h-els ^theise
of Bibles and other religious books in the se,„,-As° i°Bn
had been visited by their inspectors, there -holt& tilt
schools a deficiency of other elementarY there°
intelligent American traveller laid it doll°, fisd
5°411110
of careful observation, that in England „.9n.lotis er
the meesia
the pupils in those schools in which re,'"ate
ade
were taught, were much less acquainted 1," 003,,0 date
portions (.1" the Gospel than the pupils of 0- at OD is
in the United State. Then again, an intellig. :0 his
traveller in America, S. C. Len, had tate" 00
n -
recent work that the clergy were bee°sl.the o°'
li lac
more convinced that where the education 01 cot reg° its
had been carried farthest, the people were 1:t seolol
in their attendance at Divine worshiP,,lrienst liber'ned
defence of their theological opinion', and astora "oe
contributing funds fur the support of tbeir,Po jafere.ooo
for the building of churches. His (Mr. r.",bat relifi.t it
from those different testimonies was, ii°l' 5 but tip—teir
education should be checked or restricte
wool
would well become theta to take the best Car%companzovo
could that that education should alwayssb°4 furc°ool
by such
midland`rainng as would give it it '"
; the 13°6116 eit,i
the elicit its best results ,nne
filiotql °op
characters of children.— Bear, bear.) .
endeavour briefly to exlain the t 0 sure
which he should move for leave to lay on tr_t
eP
House, and in which he had ,endeavoured "'
but,° 911 e tbe
provision
table t:bf ieje,
cede any existing education of children
relies' tbgi-_sv
the deficiencies of that education. Prd%Pcatioa
deficiencies in the means of supplyinguled be 35°0113 es
-
parish °lwo
or combination of parishes,
by her Majesty's inspectors; and in e _ toes
v„,
tireetl those deficiencies he would havo...it"..e_Fur„theld
account every item of educational in?(nl lue -7
achools' a.tienci
tionel sehools, the British and Forel&
of
the
deb' see,-
public or private schools. The utnoubristv.ng been. good
in the means f affording education 1
tt tepdp,
supply
yei
tproposedand
that thatthe the
inb localitybitti
tg sthso°,lll/0111cliedboernflainariottth.ef;.;
purpose be summoned to elect an educael ea
d to rate th
which committee would be empower
ine
, they
Too,
habitants for the expenses necessarily. t they sm.
_co
rying out their views. lie proposed til,i3for the 01°01
at the same time, have a continued regal" de, in wit t;
already in existence. There were two I
or disc!
es
they could meet the wants of their parishAtiotione
jar .
the first was, assuming that sect, attittoo „les,
their peculiar province, the Presevers,
remuneration t) the teacher in et OOP"
school for so many Oupils as the

Ei

Should '—
, find that be had efficiently
instructed in theitems.
° Sr'h(.°l'dUCatiOrl ; and the other weos the formation Of
:wsohools;
. and these he (Mr. Fox) propose : should
~ r.rce sohools—schools to which any inhabitant of tltle
rrnsil or distrct would have the ri to send his ci -
'hretreebstweee the eges of seven and thirteen, without
Cpviarge, without any distinction of treatir etit or training'
th ne religious pLcrilierittes iecule tto I, but leaving to
:thlsis the right—the inalienable right—to have their
rea instrueted at fixed p?riods, in whatever religion
0t 'Y tato t thiek proper.--(Hear.) IL) proposed that,
icsving the school, each child who had conducted
;ruself to his master's satisfaction should have a pre-
kiint of books. made to him, and that the duly Scriptures
8-osla • those books. He pro-
p,,,,_, was form a portion of
D, u that the tcacher should be made as independent as
i)ldsrible; that he should' be appointed, and that he should
til:''alisNible, by the local education committee, but
;e4,,,t, in ease or diunibsal, he should have a right of ap-.
sal!? the E location Committee of the Privy Counci,
,0 1 instances should occur in which a district would be
t(l(e,'.4l`'''s or so iseglectfol of its duty as not to under-
n,' to p-evid f •the dti .' •• in the supply of educe-
te , • e for e seem.)
4 - " " Would give the Committee of the Prtvy Council
1:1Slit to step in and remedy the evil. To masters
‘ivr,,)ll rive reasonable saleries • he would fix the
akEitl-'lllll o'-', those salo ..' at an amount' which would
lived
to
,them a res.preucstabl:‘ social position. He be-
(lll°Autl that to he a ins.ttsr of the utmost possible cense-
lantl'u. lie relied on the sshoolma,sters for the ad -
;11;')Illent of (due ition. He believed that it was only
lurceutgell. their instrumentality that the House could oa-
ths pep 'ter and brighter rerei•ts among the children of
11, lle than those which they at present witnessed.
ttaidtritl'ted there was nothing in that scheme. which
hag UP offensive to those various religious bodies which
lion "doubted! done so much for the cause of educa-
Woud He proposed no restraint upon them. His plan
shil-,P,11t an end to that interference which the trustees
lh I's; nail occasioned so much vexation. If members of
tinetitablihhed Church were to erect a school placed
l'tie,„llle direction of a clergyman of the parish, and
/ar ,""e bishop as a visitor, but which sent out f
thri to bishop
a certain number of pupils qualified to taker
l!ir tdPls as members of a civilized state, his scheme
oped.}tilre'carcl them for the work they had done. He
bt ntilat bissenters also would find the measure un-
Ntetiir,-,nable- Their schools, also, would be free from
'0 (rhlt''''' In fast, he was inclined to adept., ionnreeeferbeenecne
4;1,4 subject, a distinction which had
Nisi drawn
by the Hon. Member for Surrey.
I,4's fa,. brurnmond) between education and in-
-10:i'.41. 13y education he understood a completel
t1;1"-sa drawing out of the mind, which couldaoffneey.
rate work of a highly-gifted teacher, or of
the
411i1,sPQ'rellt or master. By instruction, on other
she t„''' understood the communication of knowledge—
thel
kill 1-"it'ing of the faculties. That was a.low.er tass -.11
Dtnw" Unfortunately the only one which it wa
the
l'''etiCy-7.r of legislationu to accomplish through
'110,,, 0 schoolmasters. There was another class to
'le -a"er could not hel looking, and whose co-operation
Ne:44,°' the utmost !ilisportance that they
.should en-
-I%se-Ltit t b he meant the working people,
hrr -ier,arenraleattert—o be trained ; for without that co-
anon
40 efforetsreof the Legislature, or of any. other
Nis' -I'll thatsubject could lead to the beneficial ye-
ii ehi, . .
ltteir4 It was so desirable that they should produce.
h'ulete r. 41gnee of that class was, he feared, very.
.mucohf
Ar,..r°041-e' by those who had not had opportunities
Rl,-.4°ll:o,corumunication with them.—(Hear, head r.)
e sal-what class there was a sturdy intelligence ana
"cues "actise which recoiled from charity which
t:rY at,9' ' not unwarranted, sometimes
il'tiefitilphillehltaitirnordaruinesttalbruleesd
tshuesmpicions of their superiors,
to read books which had
11114,,t'esetitten I)37Pu:heir betters in society for the
1,11111, seta , they believed, of producing a par-
et-zt s.in on their minds. Now, he thouhtthat
sesto4,--1111sss of intellect, which was the unavoidable
That c:lllituent of self-culture, without the possession of
tab e -steresl advantages, was entitled to respect.t
,711cisth,'"Ple were indisposed to send their children
ho.
'tit' - wblch thee l oked upon as charitable este is
tla)8 °l' which "'the° thou ht were founded for the ltli . e of,
lAi vreselytisinyte their children to some. particular
paint''intlSL(l'nonainationa. A society of working men in
2; " put forth a manifesto which contained a
PittsitUPoathat subject, which was, he thought, well
p'l4) rgkof the attention of the House. (The. Hon...
It,' estere read the passage, in which the writers ex
1,5-2s:aciol:_irndnetermination not to allow their children
Q. eqe„r'l ed among religious sects, and strongly d.e-
-elltrt,'lOse dissensions amongst the members of dif•
tht 'lglous denominations which had deprived. them
Illf' tealls of saving their children from ignorance,
Ill,t
tr°,_i
were,p degradation.) He believed
rya h4:c, the opinions of the real workine• men,
.'4414: incalculable advantage would
.be derived' from
:1444' t4' co-operation of. that class in a more ex-
,Ps„b!Ystens of education. It was expected, per-
i lis 'at he should say something of the cost
I,l`.kfs,„l),l_a,a, which he. proposed. Now it would be
'''hlt '''elon upon his part to produce figures upon
",41tsi hallbiect. But he would remark that the first im-
r,s'ha?,"t2,ll the mind was very likely to lead to a highly
OttirCA estimate of the outlay which the plan would
i'l%s The association for education in. the county of
tili4s,s,-t,:r„lial made their calculations with great care,
tt tie "ad found that they couldsupply schools for
laest ,re 0 .
rate of 4,id. in
utl,,. education of the country bya
they
('',llal„ "s, They had further foundh that could es-
education of adults as
itia''ul. Crliailstlrof schools
ti-oroft heti. in the pound. That
ILmliirte hcl._everen by a rate ._,
poi„ ~y.. , was or a complete provision of schools,
'i,' oil.r. Fox's) plan was merely proposed to sup-
sl,,qlf,,,ting deficiency. Then, again, he would reen-
4"it. '' 'lnns° that, after education should have be
41 t„i'illor 'general d effective, they might reason-
":l4setil7ll4t:o7). a graeant diminution of the expense of
414 e I!:g.lltuperism, of punishingcriminals, as well as
o'itp• '...53es of property by theft—and further, the
liNltt„'cPaYers would receive in the education of their
1,".t,,,, ennipensati,n for their contributions to the
pt'4l. 4,11" of such a system as that which he pro-
fit,
fete " he had said before, he should rely mainly
1:11101:1.ilers for the success of any scheme of that de-
etten',ubli in that reliance he felt warranted _ beyadtheef
I,t Grave observation cf the Noble Lord at the h
'!ititl,allcuellt' made in that House three years ago,
1 Air,„' topic of' education had been under ohs-
'ith The Noble Lord said upon that occasion—
Vtloll 45 always been my opinion that you could never
t°(l+LY raise education in this country until you
i!ll,i.tN`:", condition and the prospects of the school-
it;Lls.i, IC'olv that was the object he (Mr. Fox) had
VA bi-. row
the salaries which he proposed
*tri,f)tltila-ttalare- If any person doubted the importau
'.p —'tors in schools, he would direct the attentton
14,'Llsleet,sun to the state of education in the Isle of plan.
ta;l'itsr,:,,Man was perhaps the most perfect. specimend .
Pa„s% -f.'" of a community universally and highly e u
till'411111." as regarded the use of ink and
.paper. Every
in
Sititittere had its school; and the inhabitants we.re.
11111. (,` c'it. society in which the power of public opinion
S.:itAl>at to bear upon individuals. Parents in the
I.‘l' th',:a'ri were even subject to a penalty if they did not
„ 1,, is nee
which would not
NOlt, '4ldrerl to school—a thing .
t'ol,l IV'ta;tti in this country—and yet the children
,41 I'., .lel in the most deplorable condition which..
,NCclt.' b 0 conceived. The Bishop, in writing
Vils h,-culreittee of the Privy Council, said that
'lt,7,ll'lZu Plan for raising the condition of the s.chotohle-
t7N,',lvolra adopted, the education granted
01:Id
he
4t:11 -,i'l be useless and the children t ere w
1'11154 in useful knowledge by those of every oth.er
;tr ;,,, the country. It was not on the pupils
,1aY414. 4a.,''utr, colleges that he (Nit.. Fox) would merelyo
„'''tr,'NuitkrYing out that measure. The professtiotnhadf
'lV.troi's,ter had sunk in this country because d
in
tk'seLls, t'ttllLe encouragement which was require
t,181,."A' th;,tiule people to devote themselves heart
welland
~Nt h'si C. occupation. He believed that persons
l'icjilli „-',4. that work existed in considerable numbers
I,lNt;:t. 11°;',,t11,,e country; and he thought of the school-
„l,rr, ,ur the poet—nascilur non
.fit. There was a
rstt.tUls ts`;e4(leticy in some minds which enabled them
„\l'ihr%-,`" With children and to accelerate their prod-
tYp,,lisktrt-gu want of which no amount of learning could
j,V,litio-,, Wear, hear.) He wouldthrowope h
Ni.llN.,,''')r masters; he would
..make aptitude for
i,';,,- utile' great test in that competition; an then he
(ils,illisti'' reward good teachers. Their function was
s'N,',thetn,ight well be deemed. sacred, and they de-
lttO IT 'lest honours which society could bestow.—
tlZll:tiby i't:
own
that the House would judge that
414 ttl ita,s7l.l. importance and interest, and not by the
kt Iv si,
iiverteect manner in which he had brought it
014,4 tiliutle . He merely. wished at that moment
•fl'lllii that l, should be laid upon the table of the
ti;kl -it should be printed; and that the House
'll(tktio eel
shouldtake the measure into their con-
e-tiSitilth* ~_e payed the House to think of the con-
ppq,,,to.nlitis on thousands o. f children in this
cAItYNA }I think of the crime which had thriven in a
trntiCb.theh-,e hoped to see bring forth better fruits.. He
tt'i'leiklly.' to think of those localities which were
:4 l-1,1 I'l :"th forth hordes of untutored savages in
tthit?lte kr 44477117 d to de.rive from civilization only
Iqhk ,rcue,l,_ for becomingt themselves a more un-
Pq.,ttitilt°l4 o";latice to society. He would have them
klip`s. n let,
gaols and hulks, and of our
Vlailttlet a 1.!s; he would have them. think of the
00144,1114_44r, and security which might be spread
N Isitlpi4 the homes of the well-disposed by the ge-
-1 ti4,,tr''',,zl,4 the nd the moral conduct of the people ; he
,P 4103, 411
til IC_ ehttrnil_ look to higher motives—to motives of
le I'l4 cues,' ',Acter—and to consider that the intellec-
•)'o4; litterior lustre of our country had ever been a
ial,ctta Waiar en to that of its supremacy in art! and
t' •:,% -„wh• I,—, have them look to those still higher
4,451.1,,,U1ttee-e'oWoll.ll the purposes of civil society should
tit h,tilvici4;oPlished, would yet remain to be realised
t.;11k13.141 we'll,' who by the means which they could
Otel fos o_1,1_1(1 be better qualified to fulfil te good
eici,"t-e.Zolch he had been formed by his beneficent
tlfustatieZ!,em) The Hon. Gentleman concluded
"kls Dratoo-.' cheers by moving for leave to bringleinina
11,11 t., am ,:tig the secular education ot the peop
, ,r) L A
_A...ye tiles.
h`t(i44 1iq„4,..,igEny,...5 anxious to render his testimony to
Vas, d brou'u,l. ability with which the Hon. Gentle-
4`,'Nt lie b,Plt that subject under the notice of the
'l)tiltN obeyed that the Hon. Member had rather
yktttlyttlistir overstated the deficiencies in our
il,llll,:iihcift:f(itrlt.nrto° education. The plans which hadL
1,1.'0'1 01 heth the extreme parties upon that cile--
failed; and he did not see why they
L'it P,l. the length leave it to parishes to tax them-
11‘it tht3sis iNuTT!cotaution of that object.
liil ti,lelsi, :i'tS.arid Lord J. RUSSELL rise together;
1.144`1ef,
otter-.eons having
given
way,
the Hon. Baronet
04, te.,,th the speech of the Hon. Member for
~ttll' tlVlltdgE"d to he
and ability of which he readily
N.), PinionJ
41, Prs • ---he had waited in respectful silence to
'tit of
1(1(otsi
„time th souse Member of her Majesty's Go-
-147p1, u• hil„,,'' Proposed measure.
~n4te,e_etidd,'?ift-,-;IL again rose, amid some laughter,
the permission of the Hon.
C 1 Qv 5,;',1%,..1 ress the House. The Noble Lord said
ON 4;cul• Friend the Member for the University
ctried 10 have expected that some Member
A