The Sun.
London, England, 1844-06-24 00:00:00

MEDICAL REFORM. rant, to combat error, to dispute with the subtle and
(From the Lancet, June 22, 1844.) fluent Dissenter, and, in a word, to fill an office in which,
of others, a knowledge of language and a command
To the Master, Wardens, and Court of Assistants
of idiom and phraseology are indispensable. Well then,
of the Worshipful Society of Apothecaries of
England and Wales.
the newly-appointed minister commences his labours.
His first essay excites derision ; his next creates dis-
Gentlemen,—Under the impression that one faculty i gust ; his third or fourth begins to empty hischurch • and
of medicine, with equality of rank and title, is a con- before his half-dozenth is finished, preparations are making
dition unattainable under existing circumstances, for erecting a new dissenting chapel in his parish. And
and equally impossible to retain, if chance for the how can we expect that it should be otherwise ? The
moment annihilated all existing grades, and afforded Welsh are, of all people on earth, the least likely to be
an opportunity for trying the experiment; and be- satisfied with mediocrity in the addresses they hear from
lieving also (admitting such a chimera to be prat- the pulpit. They are accustomed to a style of oratory
ticable) that neither the public nor the profession of the most stirring character. When the London re-
would be benefited by such an arrangement, I porters visited the Principality during the late disturb-
ances, though by no means. disposed to speak favourably take the liberty of offering for your consideration the of the Welsh, yet in this respect they were constrained
following suggestions, with the sincere hope that by a to acknowledge a degree of excellence of no ordinary
free and unreserved interchange of opinion, some plan occurrence. After having attended the public meetings
or other may be devised for harmonising the three on the mountains, and the religious assemblies in the
branches of the profession, so that they might work chapels, and listened to the various speakers addressing
honourably and satisfactorily together. As a pre.. the people in their native language, and thus feeling
liminary step, however, I must premise that the i themselves competent to form a correct opinion on the
Apothecaries' Society should immediately take the subject, these men have told us distinctly, that they-have
lead, and detach their scientific and professional beard the most eloquent and distinguished speakers in
department from that which properly should never Britain, in the church, the senate, and at the bar, and
yet for action, delivery, fluency of language, and effect have been combined with it, namely, their trail-
upon the hearers, they never saw the amour till
ing establishment at Apothecaries' Hall. The
• rile in they came amongst what they designate•
should, in point of fact, never have held spired peasantry of \Vales." And it is to this people
their examinations for licenses to practise medicine at that the English bishops of Wales send men to preach
their shop in the City ! It detracted from the credit who, till within a few months of undertaking that office,
and dignity of the profession, and has constituted, at have never pronounced one word of the language !
all times, the most fertile source of opprobrium and When, therefore, the people contrast the freedom of
dissatisfaction. This separation is, f conceive, the
utterance of their native preachers, with the stammer-
first step that the Society should take, for by this ing, hesitating, and blundering of their new preceptors,
means the title of apothecary, which has become so and the manner in which the latter endeavour to squeeze
Bthrei
tisbholidn t scdtilinevintonations of the ancient
ever, designate themselves by it, might altogether
objectionable to professional men, that they seldom, if and:
ehs
is
er, • rawn accents of modern
tea-table Ennglis ,itto he wondered at that they tarn
cease as an appellation for them, and be retained only away with contempt and disgust, and seek some other
to describe the members of the trading Society of instructors ? But what cares the new incumbent for all
Apothecaries—one of the City corporations. this? He has got his "piece of silver " and" morsel of
The Council should then invite the profession to bread?" What cares the patron? He has provided for
unite with them in a petition to the Legislature for a his friend. What cares the bishop? He looks forward
charter of incorporation, as a College of General to be translated to a more lucrative see.
Practitioners ; the whole medical body now practising
under the license of the Apothecaries' Company being
considered members of the proposed college, and the
present list of the Corporation of Apothecaries, as
well as all existing or future licentiates of ten years'
standing, being constituted into a constituency with
the title of fellows, and who shall be eligible for, and
privileged to vote for, the Council, Court of Examiners,
and governing bOdy of the college.
That the college have the power of framing its
own curriculum ; that the education and examination
for its diploma be under the control of its .own
governing body, and. that it should confer the right
to practice as a general practitioner in all parts of her
Majesty's dominions. That the education of the
genteral practitioner should be, in every respect,
sufficient for all ordinary practice, and should be in
no 'degree inferior to that required by the Society of
Apothecaries as at present constituted. To avoid in-
terfering with existing institutions, and to afford the
means for those who desire to cultivate a more ex-
tended knowledge of any particular branch of medical
science, the diplomas of the Colleges of Physicians and
Surgeons respectively may be required of all candi-
dates for army, navy, Indian, hospital, or parochial
appointments. The College of' Surgeons requiring
a knowledge of morbid, microscopic, and comparative
anatomy, as well as greater practical skill in surgical
operations. The College of Physicians conferring
degrees of bachelor and doctor of medicine only,
granting no licences to practise whatever, and requirs
ing ample testimony that all on whom the honour of a
degree is conferred are by education fitted to uphold
its dignity and ensure its respect.
By these means the three great subdivisions of the
medical profession may be made to work harmo-
niously together; each gradation having its own
college, with the arrangement of its curriculum, and
the management of its affairs, under the control and
regulation of its own governing body.
To these suggestions, it may be replied that, on
the passing of the Apothecaries' Act, in 1815,
an application was made to the Legislature for
a charter of incorporation, and refused, on the
round that it was inexpedient to grant such
charter: without some experience of the work-
ing of the new Act of Parliament, a plea which,
however reasonable at the time, is now clearly in-
admissible after nearly thirty years' experience, and
with a retrospect so highly creditable to the
parties to whom the administration of the Apothe-
caries' Act was deputed. Surely a refusal under
such circumstances should in no degree intimidate
or dismay the Society of Apothecaries at the pre-
sent moment. What was then a matter of doubt,
namely, the effect of their administration of the
rules and regulations for c onducting the education
of the apothecary on the acquirements of the future
practitioner, is now a matter of triumphant con-
gratulation. The rank, talents, and professional re-
putation, with the hold they have on society, fully
entitle the present body of general practitioners
to this mark of consideration. I have been in-
duced to address these observations to the Court
of Assistants of the Society of Apothecaries, be-
cause I consider both the public and the profession as
deeply indebted to them for the great benefits con-
ferred on the former, and for the honourable position
into which they have elevated the latter, and still
mate from an 'anxious desire to identify more com-
pletely the interests of the Society and its licentiates.
have the honour to remain, Gentlemen, your
very obedient servant, JAMES BIRD.
16, Orchard-street, June 11, 1844.

INCENDIARISM.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SlR,—lncendiarism exists in the county of Suffolk
to an alarming extent. This we learn from the local
papers; and from Mr. Gibson, the Earl of Stradbroke,
and other gentlemen residing in that county. Being
a Suffolk' man, I have been very anxious to learn the
cause of this horrid practice of burning food to make
it cheap. All I can learn is, that no satisfactory
cause can be given. Low wages, I know, many per-
sons think is the cause ; and, if I mistake not, it has
been stated that wages are lower in the immediate
neighbourhood where the fires have occurred than they
are in other parts of the county. This statement is
entirely without foundation; and I will add, that
wages in Suffblk are not lower than they are in other
counties. In some parts' of the county I hope a good
feeling exists between the labourer and his master;
but I doubt this good feeling does not extend far.
We may sometimes look back to see what is before us.
There can be no question that for some months a war
has been going on between the manufacturing and
agriculturing interest. Now, what is the general
feeling of the landowners and tenant-farmers in Suf-
folk towards the manufacturers ? Why, they say we will
prove to you that we cannot spare a protective duty
upon corn, and that we can barely keep our labourers
from starving with the protection we now have; and
they go on to argue that we only follow your exam-
ple by turning our men upon the roads when we have
no profitable work for them; and this we show you
to prove that our situation is not a very enviable one,
and indeed that we have nothing to spare. The men,
with few exceptions, who labour upon the soil in Suf-
folk are an honest, patient, hard-working people, but
let us not forget that these people have connections
working at various trades, and some of them living
they cannot tell how.
If discontent is stirred up amongst the agricul-
tural labourers depend upon it that it extends much
further. Master and man do not pull in the same
boat as I should wish to see them. The high bearing
of the masters to the men is not palatable to them, and
no kindly feeling exists. In my opinion this incen-
diarism may be traced to three causes, viz.—the want
of a better understanding between master and man,
increase of population, and the harshness of some of
the clauses in the new Poor-law Bill.—l am, Sir, &c.
Warwick. J. F.

CRUELTY TO ANIMALS .AT
WOLVERHAMPTON.
On the 19th instant. Edward Cadd, the driver and
proprietor of the Birmingham stage coach, appeared be-
fore Dr. Dehane fur having wantonly ill-treated one of
his horses, an', on the evidence of John Smith, one of
the officers of the Royal Society for the Prevention of
Cruelty to Animals, he was convicted, and fined in a pe-
nalty of 205., and I Is. Gd. costs.
James Moore, a pig driver, was convicted on the evi-
dence of the same officer, and fined 10s., and Bs. 6d. costs,
for cruelly beating one of the pigs which he was driving.
Jeremiah Leadbetter, for ill-treating a horse, was fined
205., and 66. 611. costs. •
George Taylor, for the same effence, the same fine and
cost.

John Mottisham, for the same offence, the same fir e
and costs.

Benjamin Russell and Sarah Brown, for cruely to
donkeys, were fined, the former 10s., and 6s. fid. costs,
the latter 55., end 4s. 6d. costs.

SPIRIT of th,

LAW INTELLIGENCE.
COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH, June 22.
THE BARON DE BODE 1/.ITIE QUEEN 'ON •A
PETITION OF
RIGHT. • .
The examination of witnesses in support of the Baron de
Bode's claim was resumed this morning. The case of the
claimant was not concluded when th 6 Court adjourned.

BA IL . COURT, Jeine-.22.
KENDAL V. CLAIiKS.
Mr. COCKBURN conducted the case on the part of the
plaintiff, whom he described as a Solicitor, and the de-
fendant as the proprietor of one •of the Pimlico
o:nnibuses. The action was brought to recover com-
pensation in damages for the injury which the plaintiff
had sustained in consequence of thelegligent driving of
the defendant's servant: The facts. of the case, as he
should be enabled to prove by theplaintiff's witnesses,
Were these :—About eleven o'clock on the morning of
Friday, the 10th of November, the, plaintiff was driving
his gig along Piccadilly; and coining in a direction to-
wards the City ; when he came nearly-opposite to Park-
trine he met two omnibuses racing against each other,
and both of them proceeding at a' most furious rate ;
they were rival omnibuses, one of,lhem belonging to
the defendant, and the other ,to a person named
Glov.er. At this. ,tine the
..plaintiff's gig was
behind a cart, ani te defendantla,.:oninibue was en-
deavouring to overtake that belonging to Glover ; but
having been hailed •to f..eke up a passenger, at the cor- 1
narof Park-lane, the dekridant's driver suddenly crossed
the road f,r that. purme, and in so doing drove the
forewheel of his ouniihnsagainst the wheel of the plain-
tiff's gig, with such fisreev as to upseiVie gig. The plain-
tiff was thrown out vviih.. considerto violence, and the
consequence of his fall was a severe-dislocation of his
ankle. He was im nediately co:iveyed to the house of
Mr. Goring, a surgeon, in.the neighbourhood, who did
what he considered necessary to plaintiff's ankle. Plain-
tiff *as afterwards taken home ta.his chambers, where
he was confined to a cOeeli for six weeks, and for the two
following months remaia'd under the care of a surgeon,
unable to walk, and suffering very great pain. In con-
sequence of his compie e inability -attend to his busi-
ness, and he having at the time `several suits pending,
he ,was compelled to- envie), another attorney, to
act 'as his agent and 4attend to. - his business for
him whose charges for that eervice amounted to
50/. He had also to employ Ail' extra clerk, at
a Very considerable expense, and in addition to all this,
to pay. the-amount of his surgeon's bill; which amounted
to 101., and 'to recover those expenses, and also such
damages as the jury might think he was entitled to for
the bodily injury which he had sustained, he had brought
the present action. The Learned Counsel then made
sonic remarks upon the reckless conduct of omnibus
drivers in general, Which he said rendered it absolutely
dangerous for any person driving through the streets of
Lyndon 63 nieet one of those vehicles; and afterwards
called witnesses, who confirmed his statement.
.Among them was a clerk of the plaintiff, who swore
thel he sat up with him, twenty nights after the occur-
rence, and for which he charged 10s. a night.
On his cross-examination he admitted that the salary
the plaintiff paid him was only 125.-13,,Week, an admission
which caused a roar of laughter. '
IMr. HUMPHREY, in addressing the jury for the de-
fehdant, said that, unfortunately, in all cases of this kind,
jui-ies were invariably -prejudiced in favour of the plain-
till; and, in proof of it, mentioned it case in which cross
aetions had been brought by two parties, one after the
other. for injuries sustained by negligent driving, in
each of which the jury returned a verdict for the plain-
tiff: After remarking upon the evidence of the plaintiff's
witness, who was employed in the double 'c parity of
clerk and nurse, and making a comparison between him
and Mrs. Gamp, which caused continued roars of laugh-
tei, the Learned Coinesel remarked' upen the prejudice
which the plaintiff's Counsel had endeavoured to create
apinst omnibus drivers in general, by 'stating that it was
dangerous to meet one of those vehicles in the streets.
lie (Mr. Humphrey) feared it was much more dangerous
f.oi an omnibus driver to meet an attorney.—(Laughter.)
T, e Learned Counsel,. after some further humerous
o o .ervations, said that the facts of the case, as he should
be enabled to prove by the defendant's witnesses, were
th •se :—The defendant's driver was not racing with
another omnibus, as had been stated ; on the contrary,
he was driving at a very steady pace. The plaintiff's
gi. was behind a cart, which was laden with bars of iron,
th . jingling noise of which caused plaintiff's horse to
ih , and the animal suddenly sprang across the road, and
th plaintiff's gig consequently came with such violence
tg inst the step of the defendant's omnibus as to force
it ito the side of the vehicle. The plaintiff's gig was
us -et by the collision, and that was the way in which the
ac ident occurred. The plaintiff made no complaint at
Lb time of the conduct of the defendant's driver, but,
in he following January commenced the present action,
wi hout giving the defendant any notice of his intention
ao o o so. The Learned Counsel, after some further ob-
oe ations, called Ray, the driver, Wilson, the conductor
)f defendant's omnibus, and several other witnesses,
v swore the occurrence was such as he had described.
r. COCKBURN, on the part of the plaintiff, after the
le •ndant'i witnesses had been examined, agreed to
u mit to a nonsuit, and a verdict was returned
is ordingly.
T•I GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY V. THE EARL OF
LONSDALE.
in this case- Mr. Butt appeared for the plaintiff, and
Mi. Sheppard for the defendant.
It was an action brought by the Great Western Rail-
wa Company against the Postmaster-General, to
m-
en er the sum of 48,305/. lls. 10d., for carrying the
m le on their railway from July, 1841, to the time of
(th present year at which the action was commenced.
T e question in dispute A asthe amount of the remunera-
tion to which the plaintiffs were entitled for the services
they had performed. The matter was originally re-
ferred to arbitration, under the powers given by the Act
of parliament, and the arbitrators appointed as their um-
htire Mr. Pusey, MP. for Berkshire. The arbitrators
a 0 several meetings afterwards, but could not agree
upyn their award, and they left the whole question to be
decided by Mr. Pusey, who made his award,' directing
thei defendant to pay to the plaintiffs a certain
suln per day for, carrying the mails, and also one year's
intrest' on the amount which the plaintiffs claimed,
an. which amounted altogether to the sum which the
plaptiffs now claimed.
Mr. Justice WIGHTMAN inquired if there was any fact
in dispute between the parties?
Mr. SIIEPPARD replied in the negative, and said the
Go'ernment would willingly pay whatever sum was
justly due to the plaintiffs, but a difficulty had arisen in
co equence of Mr. Pusey having unfortunately made
twd awards. The Post-office authorities had no objec-
tion to the appointment of fresh arbitrators, and the
whole question being submitted to their decision.
.4. ft er a very
partypaytheirdiscussion
whole
question again referred to arbitration.

i COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, June 22.
FORTH V. LAWSON.
I It this case, which is an action against " The Times" for
libe , and a full report of which appeared in Saturday's paper,
upia,pophr,atllrieerdjitcitry
At the sitting of the Court this morning, the jury came were locked up all night, not having agreed
into` Court, and the foreman addressing ;the Chief Justice
stated there was no probabilily of their agreeing to a verdict.
The CHIEF JUSTICE 'said, in that case he should discharga
theM, having done all he considered he was bound to do in
all night without food.
The gju hyen 1 them
up
re then discharged, the effect of which, will be
locking
that the cause will again • have to be tried by another jury,
if the plaintiff intends to proceed.

• MAYOR V. FARQCRAR.--CRIM. CON.
At the meeting of .the Court this morning a number of
witnesses were -called to prove the statements made by Ser-
geant Talfourd; and after couusel had been heard for the de-
fence, the Judge summed up, and the jury returned a verdict
for the plaintiff—Damages 750/.

'SUMMER CIRCUITS.
NORTH WALES.
(Judge, Mr. Justice COLERIDGE. )
Montgomeryshire—At Newtown, July 13.
Merionethshire—At Dolgelly, July 17.
Caruarvonshire—At Carnarvon, July 20.
Anglesey—At Anglesey, July 24.
Denbighshire—At Ruthin, July 27.
Flintshire—At Mold, August 1.
Cheshire—At Chester, August 3.
SOUTH WALES.
Glamorganshire--At Cardiff, July 8.
Carmarthenshire--At Carmarthen, July 13.
Pembrokeshire—At Haverfordwest, July 20.
Cardiganshire—At Cardigan, July 24.
Brecknockshire—At Brecon, July 27.
Radnorshire—At Presteign, July 31.
Mr. Justice Coleridge and Mr. Baron Rolfe will meet at
Chester on the 3d, and hold the Assizes for the county and
city.
The Midland and Oxford Circuits have not yet been ap-
pointed.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.
(SATURDAY.) •
CITY POLICE COMMITTEE.
A journeyman tailor, of the name of Burns, living in
Greyhound-alley, appeared to answer a summons taken
out against him by the relieving officers of the parish of
St. Andrew-under-Shaft, to show cause why he refused
to maintain his daughter in the workhouse. The case
was partially gone into before Mr. Alderman Copeland
at the former sitting of the Court, when it appeared that
in consequence of the girl not being in a fit state to be
allowed at large, the parents got her admitted to the
workhouse, and were willing to pay ls. 6d. a week to-
wards her maintenance, but this the parish officers re-
fused, and insisted on the sum of ss. 6d., for which they
had summoned him to pay.
Alderman COPELAND expressed some surprise at the
amount demanded by the parish. The relieving officer'
said that 55. 6d. was the price of a pauper's maintenance
per week. That was the sum the parish contracted for.
Alderman COPELAND—The sum is enormous. All
we pay for the support of a prisoner in Newgate is 2s.
per week, yet, he would be bound, the poor in the work-
houses were not so well fed as those confined within the
walls of that prison. He believed the boys in Christ's
Hospital only cost 20/. per annum, and they were well
fed and clothed.
After some further observations he postponed the case
till Saturday, in order that some arrangement might be
come to. However, on the case being called, the parish
officers still held out for ss. 6d. The father, it appeared,
was wily in the receipt of 12s. 6d. per week, out of which
he had to pay 48. a week rent, leaving very little to sup-
pert his wfe and family. He wished to keep his child
virtuous, and the only way he could effect this was by
keeping her in the workhouse, where, he said, she was
evidently improving, and there was every appearance of
her recovery.
The parish officers said the father had no settlement
in the parish, and it was an injustice to them that they
should be burdened with a pauper who had no claims
upon them. They saw no reason why she should nut
be passed to Ireland, where she had a settlement.
Alderman KELLY thought the idea of parting the
child from her parents, for the purpose of sending her to
her settlement in Ireland, was monstrous, and ought not
for a moment 'co be entertained.
The MAGISTRATES then consulted, and, after some
deliberation, declined to make any order, or decide one
way or the other.
The unfortunate girl, who was present during the
proceedings, was then taken back to the workhouse.
The poor creature is a decided lunatic.
Mr. Richard Shilloto, landlord of the Swan and Hooper
public-house, Finsbury-pavement, was charged with
harbouring prostitutes in his house on the morning of
the 10th inst. The case was proved by police-sergeant
Saunderson, 106, of the City police, who stated that he,
hearing a noise in the defendant's house at two o'clock
in the morning above stated, listened and heard parties
tossing over the counter for bottles of wine, and obscene
language going on among some women. When the door
was opened, he saw three prostitutes of the worst descrip-
tion standing drinking.
Mr. Shilloto said it was impossible for him to discover
who were prostitutes and who were not. He was not in
the bar at the time the officer entered, therefore was un-
conscious who the characters were. He charged the po
lice with intimidation, and was unable to support the ac-
cusation.
The defendant was convicted in the penalty of 60s.
and 3s. costs.
The next case was against William Medby, the re-
puted landlord of the Three Tuns Tavern in Fetter-lane,
Fleet-street, for serving spirits on Sunday morning last.
The case being proved, and Mr. Inspector Fosbrook re-
porting the house to be indifferently conducted, the
Court inflicted the penalty of 20s. and the amount of
costs.
Mr. Croker, of the George Inn, Aldermenbury, was
summoned for permitting drinking in his house on
Sunday morning last. The case was dismissed with
payment of the costs.
BOW-STREET.
Mr. William Kemmis, the Crown Solicitor for Ireland,
was brought before Mr. Twyford, the sitting Magistrate,
in the custody of an officer of the A division of police,
charged under the 9th George IV., ch. 55, sec. 56, with
having stolen a letter from the Castle of Dublin, ad-
dressed by Mr. Robert Johnson; of Kinlouth , late as-
sistant-barrister of the county of Mayo, to the Right
Hon. John Littleton, now Lord Hatherton, in the month
of October, 1834. The defendant was not placed in the
dock, but was'allowed to take his seat at the table ap-
propriated to solicitors. The particulars of this extra-
ordinary case were as follows :
In the year 1834 Mr. Robert Johnson filled the situa-
tion of assistant barrister for the county of Mayo, having
as his depnty Mr. George O'Malley Irwin. On the 7th
of October of that year, a letter, purporting to be signed
by Mr. Irwin, was received at the Castle ofDublin, inti-
mating that Mr. Johnson had resigned his situation, to
which an answer was returned by Mr. Littleton, accept-
ing the resignation, and at the same time expressing
regret on the part of the Government that such a deter-
mination had been come to by Mr. Johnson, who imme-
diately wrote to the Lord Lieutenant, expressing his
thanks to his Exci llency for the kind expressions con-
tained in his letter. Mr. Irwin subsequently applied
for the vacant situation, and his application was backed
by testimonials from he Marquis of Clanricarde and
others, but it was not successful. In the following year
two indictments were preferred against Mr. Irwin, in the
Court. of Queen's Bench, Dublin, charging him with
having forged the resignation of Mr. Johnson, for the
purpose of clandestinely obtaining his situation, on
which occasion Mr. Irwin demanded that the letters of
Mr. Littleton and Mr. Johnson should be produced to
prove the mark. Johnson had himself admitted having
resigned the situation, but those letters were not
forthcoming, as Mr. Kemmis declared that he knew
nothing about theirs, and the only letter produced
on the trial was the letter of Mr. Irwin containing
the resignation of Mr. Johnson. Mr. Irwin then ap-
plied for leave to communicate with Mr. Johnson on
the subject, and the answer received from him was that
he had told Mr. Irwin that, as the Government intended
to remove him, he should submit to their decision, but
that it was utterly untrue that he was satisfied with Mr.
Irwin having sent in the resignation, of which ha was
totally ignorant until he received a communication to
that, effect from the Irish Government. Mr.. Irwin was
consequently convicted, but afterwards obtained a testi-
monial from Chief Justice Pennefather to the elfict that
his cause had been lost in consequence of the non-pro-
duction of the two letters in question. Mr. Irwin now
produced copies of those letters, which he said he had
obtained from Mr. Armstrong, who was at the time se-
cretary to Mr. Kemmis, the originals of which he charged
Mr. Kemmis with having stolen, in order to prevent their
being produced on the trial.
In answer to the charge, Mr. Kemmis said that in the
year 1835, he, being Solicitor to the Crown in Ireland,
was directed to prosecute Mr. Irwin on the charge of
forging the name of Mr. Johnson to a resignation of his
office as assistant barrister, and he was convicted upon
two indictmente.
Mr. Irwin here declared that the jury who tried him
was a packed one, and that seven out of the twelve were
taletnen instead of special jurymen.
Mr. Kemmis said that the letters which were produced
on the trial were given to him by Lord Hatherton.
Upon those letters Mr. Johnson was examined upon
oath, and he proved, to the satisfaction of the jury, that
he gave no directions for his resignation to be sent in.
Mr. Irwin here said that Mr. Johnson, was not exa-
mined at all.
Mr. Kemmis said he was, and it was proved to de-
menstration that a forgery had been committed.
Mr. TWYFORD asked the complainant how he could,
under the circumstances, venture to charge Mr. Kemmis
with the offence he had done ?—Mr. Irwin, in reply,
said, because he was able to give the statements of Mr.
Kemmis the flattest contradiction, and he could bring
Lord Hatherton forward to prove that Mr. Johnson's
letter, containing an acknowledgment of his resignation,
and the acceptance of it by Government, was in the
Castle of Dublin, with the post-mark upon it, from
whence it had been abstracted by Mr. Kemmis, lie
had subpoenaed his Lordjhip to attend the trial at Dublin,
but ,A hi eh he failed to do.
After a very long discussion Mr. TWYFORD said that
if it could be shown that there was any foundation for
the charge against-Mr. Kemmis he would detain him.
Mr. Kemmis said the complainant evidently laboured
under some delusion on the subject, fi,r he had already
summoned , the Marquis of Normanby on a similar
charge.
Mr. TWYFORD said he was very sorry Mr. Kemmis
had been put to so much inconvenience, and as there
were no just grounds for the accusation against him he
should forthwith dismiss the complaint.
Mr. Irwin then applied for summonses against Lord
Hatherton and Mr. Armstrong to prove that the letters
in question were, at the time he alleged, in the Castle of
Dublin. The application was, however, refused, and the
parties left the Court, the complainant vehemently dew
claring that justice had not been done him.
MA RLB O.R 0 GII-S TREE T.
Harvie Farquhar, Esq., of the banking firm of Farqu-
har and Co., St. James's-street, summoned before Mr.
Hardwick a pawnbroker living in Gilbert-street, named
Dobree, to show cause why lie detained several saddles
and bridles, and other artie!e;, his property, which had
been stolen and unlawfully pawned.
It appeared that- the property in question had been
pawned at different times by Mr. Farquhar's groom, who
had absconded as soon as his delinquencies came to light.
The duplicates
patersisroenlaetri,svebtoox,thaendmaissssinogmepro.fiptehre tywer
4 pawn-
brokers when applied to refused to give up the property,
a summons was taken out in order to ascertain whether,
under the provisions of the new Police Act, the Magis-
trate could not enforce the resti,ration of the articles to
the lawful owner.
Mr. Humphries attended on the part of the defendant.
In the course of the inquiry it came out in evidence
that Mr. Earquhar had not used all the diligence in his
power to procure the apprehension of the prisoner after
the felOny was discovered. He had suffered some time

'I
n reply to Mr. CorrusanAlr, the unfortunate girl said she
was a flower maker, but that being out of employ, she was
reduced to great distress, and had not tasted food for the last
two days, and had not slept in a bed for five nights ; that she
had no relations in London, and that it was the dreadful
state of destitution she was in that instigated her to commit
suicide.

The policeman said that since she bad recovered from her
insensibility, she had expressed a determination to put her
threat into execution.
The MAGISTRATE directed the unfortunate girl to be pro-
vided with food, and said that lie should remand her until
Wednesday; in the meantime inquiry should be made re-
specting her.

EXPERIMENTS in the MARSHES
WOOINICH, JUNE 21.—Colonel Paterson, Colonel Lacy,
Lieutenant-Colonel Dansey, C. 8., Lieutenant-Colonel Dun-
das, C. 8., Lieutenant- Colonel Chalmer, Lieutenant-Colonel
Sweeting, and Captain Palliser attended at two`o'clock P.M.
to-day in the marshes, to witness experiments with an in-
vention, submitted to the members of the Select Committee
by Mr. Marsh, the celebrated chemist, connected with the
Royal Arsenal, whose name has been so often before the
public in connection with simple tests for detecting the pre-
sence of mineral poison. The invention experimented with
to-day consisted of three different kinds of applications of
simple substances to the common fusee used for igniting
the powder contained in shells, intended to burst when fired
from large pieces of ordnance. The description used on this
occasion being one 68-pOunder and two 32-pounder guns. Mr.
Marsh, unlike many other inventors, makes no secret of the
means by which he expects to regulate the bursting of the
shells when they strike the object aimed t.t, and one of the
modifications of his principle was very effective, one only
out of nine shells fired with meal powder caps bursting at
about 150 yards from the mouth of the gun, the other eight
entering the butt, and exploding immediately on passing
through, tearing the massive timbers in their progress into
hundreds of fragments, some of them very large pieces.
The success of Mr. Marsh's discovery is entirely owing
to the application of Jeffery's marine glue to attach the
caps filled with meal powder to the fusee, the whole opera-
tion being very simple and easily understood, without the
slightest risk being apprehended when moving the shells
about, or loading, as was shown to be the case with shells
made to explode on the percussion principle. The whole of
the shells fired, with the two other mddifications of Mr.
Marsh's discovery, burst, but were not so regular or cer-
tain in exploding at the requisite period as those used with
caps filled with meal powder, as stated in the following
detail :
Three fusees filled with the usual composition for bursting
shells were cut about two inches from the top into the form
of the letter IT, of sufficient depth to come into contact
with the composition, and a piece of copper inserted and
secured with the marine glue, that substance, in Mr.
Marsh's opinion, being most eligible for the purpose, in
consequence of its tenacity and expanding principle, at the
same time that it possesses the power of preventing injury
by the admission of moisture or the destruction to
which fusees are liable by the ravages of the white ant
in tropical climates. First shell fired from 32-pounder burst
at the mouth of the gun ; second, from 68-pounder, entered
the butt, and exploded instantaneously, with good effect ;
third, from 32-pounder, burst at 200 yards from the mouth
of the gun.
Three fusees, with four meal-powder caps in each, attached,
and outside covered with marine glue. First shell, fired
from 32-pounder, burst at 150 yards from the mouth of the
gun ; second, from 68-pounder, entered the butt with instan-
taneous effect ; third, from 32-pounder, entered the butt with
equally good effect, in proportion to the size of the shell.
Three fusees, with pieces of wood in the form of letter V,
With thin leaf copper betwixt, joined with marine glue. First
shell,'from 32-pounder, entered butt, and exploded, in pass-
ing through. Second, from 68-pounder, burst 200 yards
from the mouth of the gun. Third, from 32- pounder, en-
tered butt, and equally effective as the previous 32-pounder
shell.
Three fusees, with pieces of copper in the form of the let-
ter V, attached with marine glue. FirSt shell, from 32-
pounder, burst at about 150 yards from the mouth of the
gun. Second, from 68-pounder, burst about the same dis-
tance. Third, from 32-pounder, entered the butt with good
effect.
Three fusees with caps containing meal-powder. One shell
from 68-pounder, and two from the 32-pounders, all entered
the butt with instantaneous effect.
Three fusees, with pieces, of wood and copper leaf, one
shell from 68-pounder entered the butt, and one from 32-
pounder • the other 32-pounder shell entered the mound,
but all burst on striking the latter, at the moment it entered
the ground.
Three fusees with caps filled with meal powder. One shel
from 68-pounder, and two from the 32-pounders, all en•
tered the butt, and exploded instantaneously with powerfu
effect.

Three fusee 3, with pieces of wood arid copper leaf, the whole
joined with marine glue, as previously describol. First shell
from 32-pounder burst, at about 100 yards from the mouth of
the gun. Second from 68-pounder at about 150 yards. Third
from 32-pounder at about 100 yards, none of these having
been carried a great distance. The range of the guns was 400
yards during the whole of the experiments.
The number of shells fired was 24, eight 68-pounders and
sixteen 32-pounders, and only one failed to enter the butt
when carried the length of the range, and it was not above
one foot east of the object aimed at. The river was also very
clear of shipping, and the practice was carried on with only
a few minutes' interruption.

AJEATH THROUGH EXCESSIVE DRINKING. —On
Thurday, Mr. Baker held an inquest at the Beehive,
George-street, Bromley, Middlesex, on the body of Mrs.
Sarah Wybrow, aged fifty years. It appeared by the
evidence that the dceased was the wife of a respectable
gentleman, holding a responsible Government office, but
in consequence of her habits of intemperance, he had
been compelled to separate from her, since which time
she has resided at No. 23, George-street, Bromley ; and
when she received her monthly allowance would indulge
to great excess in ardent spirits. She kept no servant,
but relied upon her poorer neighbours to perform the
necessary domestic offices of her house. On Friday last
she drank upwards of a pint of brandy, and continued in
a state of intoxication until the following night, i hen she
went to bed, but before doing so she gave the key of her
house to a woman named Ryley, desiring her to come in
again before she went home, and get her some toast and
water. About one o'clock on Sunday morning that
person did so, and on going into her bed-room ler the
purpose she found her lying on the bed quite dead. .11r.
Smythe, a surgeon, said ho merle a post mortem exami-
nation of the body, and found the brain in a highly con-
gested state. He had known the deceased for upwards
of two years, and, from her known habits inebriety,
had no doubt death had been caused by apoplexy, pro.
duced by a continued indulgence in ardent spirits. lie
,jury returned a verdict in accordence with the medical
testimony.
DREADFUL DEATH.-::Late on Wednesday evening
Mr. Payne held an inquest, at Guy's hospital, on the
body of Sarah Elizabeth Tharme, a married woman,
aged twenty-eight. Mary Ann Easton, of No. 2, Suf-
folk-place, Snow's-fields, said that about eight o'clock
in the evening of last Saturday three weeks deceased
received a visit from a re4tive, a yotirg man n tined
Copeland, the captain of a vessel trading to Stockton.
He had been drinking rather freely during the after-
noon, and was frolicking aeoitt the room with deceased.
Deceased • made some joetear remark to him, in
reply to which he exclaimed, " Oh, then, get away
with you, do; and at the same time. gave deceased a
push, that caused her to stagger towards the fireplace.
She was instantly tripped up, 'in 'consequence of one
of her feet coming in contact with the rug, and
as
she was in the act of endeaveuring 'to save herself from
falling, her left arm struck against the handle of a
saucepan full of boiling water, that happened to be
standing on the hob by the fire. As she came to the
ground, the saucepan and its contents fell upon her,
and she was scalded over the arms and neck, and even:
through her 'clothes, in a most dreadful manner. A stir-
geon was instantly sent for, and by his advice deceased
*as taken immediately to St. Bartholomele's Hospital.
Mr. Ash, house-surgeon, said that the injuries deceased
had received were so severe as to preclude even the possi-
bility of her recovery. In spite of every means that could
be resorted to, she continued to sink under the acuteness
of her sufferings, and the violent shock the system had
received, and she died on Monday lest. The deceased
was a young woman of remarkable personal attractions,
and had not been married more than a few.weeks.—Ver-
dict, " Accidental death."

to elapse before he gave information to the police, and
this circumstance was made use of by Mr. Humphries
for the advantage of his client.
Mr. Humphries contended that had Mr. Farquhar
taken immediate steps against his groom, the probability
was that the man would have been in custody, and then
there would have been no difficulty in securing to Mr.
Farquhar the return of any property he might prove to
have been stolen from him. As it was, he was of opinion
that the Magistrate had no power to award the relief
prayed by Mr. Farquhar, namely, that the pawnbroker
should give up the property, for, as there was a charge
of felony to be made out, it was necessary that the pro-
perty should remain in its present hands in order to be
produced against the culprit when taken into custody.
Mr. Farquhar complained of the hardship of having
his stables phindered, and although he had clear proof
the property had been illegally pawned, that he could
not be put in possession of it.
Mr. HARDWIC4 said the Act was defective in one im-
portant respect ; it gave power to a Magistrate to adju-
dicate in cases where property had been stolen and
pawned, or where illegal possession of property was
proved, this property being afterwards pawned ; but the
Act made no mention of property pawned which
.a party
had legal possession of ; now, the delinquent groom had
legal possession of the property, inasmuch as it had been
entrusted to his care by his master.
Mr. Humphries contended that the complainant could
receive no relief under the trover clause in the Police
Act.

Mr. ITARDwicK said he could not understand what
was meant by the term trover clause; the clause in ques-
tion appeared to him to be a police clause, intended to
operate as a check on pawnbrokers against taking goods
in pledge without due caution.
Mr. Humphries said the complainant was in the situa-
tion of prosecutor in a case of felony, and as he, there-
fore, could not legally give evidence in his own case, he
could not be examined in support of the information
against the pawnbroker.
Mr. Farquhar thought that due caution had not been
used by the pawnbroker in,taking in such a number of
articles from a livery servant.
On the part of the pawnbroker it was declared that the
grooni had been in the habit of pawning property at the
same shop for f ,urteen years, and that he was always I.e-
-, lieved to be a horse dealer in a small way.
Mr. ifARDWICK said the best way waa to allow a rea-
sonable time for the apprehensuin of the culprit, and if
the police did not succeed in finding him, then to hritg
the case before him again, and he would decide in s% hat
way the property wa; to be disposed of.
UNION-HALL.
Elizabeth Hart, a girl of 17, was charged with attempting
to commit suicide by suspending herself to the iron hand-rail
of Westminster Bridge.
Policeman 32 L, stated that between four and five o'clock
that morning, while on duty on the Surrey side of West-
Minster Bridge, he went to the steps leading to the river, and
saw the defendant with a strap buckled round her neck,
and the other end of it made fast to the iron hand-rail,
He immediately ran down the steps, and holding up the
girl's body, unbuckled the strap from her neck, and finding
she was in, a state of insensibility, he conveyed her to the
.station-house, and some restoratives having been adminis-
tered, she recovered sufficiently to be enabled to be brought
up to this Court.