The Sun.
London, England, 1868-09-09 00:00:00

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"71
(.0 Aillt
>

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, SEPT. 9, 18G8.

Mr. ScuItEIBER, the member for Cheltenham, has
signified his intention to retire from the representa-
tion, and accordingly candidates are ready to take
his place. A large meeeting of Conservatives took
place in the town-hall, for the purpose of hearing
the opinions of Mr. GARDNER; and Sir M. HICKS
BEACH presided, and made an interesting speech,
briefly summing up the most important topics ef the
day. As he said, they were about to open the con-
stitutional campaign under the changed conditions
of the new Reform Act, and, like many others of the
Conservatives, he expressed the greatest confi•
deuce in the result of the experiment of lower-
ing the franchise. It is curious to notice that
not only was the most comprehensive measure of
Reform passed by the Conservatives, but by far the
most confidence has been put in the people by their
party, which has ben vilified and abused as the
enemies of the people and the sworn foes of all
progress. It is therefore quite idle for the Radicals
to go on abusing them after the fashion they do,
and declaring that the Opposition really gained the
country the Act of 186. It did nothing of the
sort, and the truth is what should be spoken of
even at election times if public men wish to secure
the respect of the community. To the really inde-
pendent members of the Liberal ranks the faithful
few who put principle before party, and wisely
think that measures must be sometimes considered
before men, great thanks are due, and they were
tenderLd ungrudgingly by the Government and by
those best informed of the affair; but it is too bad
for those who put every obstacle in the way of the
measure to talk as if they carried it by their un-
aided exertions, when the contrary was the case.
Sir M. BEACH said that the addresses of the Liberal
candidates frequently blamed the Ministry for
what they had done, but did not promise any-
thing better themselves. As for foreign policy
the present Government bears the palm be-
yond all doubt, and Lord STANLEY has

conducted affairs with firmness and mode-
ration, so as to draw down the praises of his
opponents themselves. The predecessor of the noble
lord was so complete a failure that his success is
rendered more apparent, though it needs nothing to
make it conspicuous. Mr. GARDNER'S speech gave
great satisfaction, and he spoke in a spirited
style concerning-public affairs. lle had been told
that he was too young, but, as he appropriately
said, that was a fault which remedied itself more
speedily than was often agreeable to those con-
cerned. In coming before them as a member of the
Constitutional party, he took care to say that
this did not mean standing still, as some
in the town • kindly interpreted it for
him, and he did not wish to see things
nowadays put exactly in the same state that they
were a hundred years ago. In enumerating the
qualities of the various members of the Administra-
tion, Mr. GAP,DNER alluded to the Secretary for
India, whose distinguished services should not be
forgotten at the forthcoming election season. In
conjunction with the General and the army, the
right hon. gentleman achieved a splendid success,
which N.% i'l live iu the page of history, and mark a
new epoch in the world of science—the Abyssinian
Expedition. Mr. GATIIORNE HARDY has earned
the confidence of the public through the skilful
suppression of Fenianism in this country, and the
judicious steps he took with respect to Messrs.
BEALES and others.

The expenditure " dodge" of Mr. GLADSTONE, as
it may truly be called, was well exposed by Mr.
GARDNER, and he showed the fallacies of those
statements which were called emphatically the
" Result of Tory misrule." It is very forcibly put
in his speech that Mr. GLADSTONE has been de-
claring in all places that he has been the real leader
of the House of Commons this session, and with
his wonderful majority has carried all things before
him ; then why did he do nothing to stop the waste
of public money that now disturbs his equanimity
so much. Mr. GARDNER is, however, sharp enough
to see that Mr. GLADSTONE dare not say what
change should have been made in the expenditure,
but he indulges in sweeping censure of the most
vague kind. Did he want the seventy-thousand
left out for the forts? did he wish them left
without any " artillery ?" or did he think that
private subscriptions would complete them ? Did
he wish the increase of pay to the army and militia
let alone ? Or what did he want ? for he leaves us
to indulge in speculations at our leisure. In re-
ferring to the Poor-laws Mr. GARDNER said that
there were many anomalies, and added that it " was
a cruel anomaly that in a country like England,
so wealthy and so philanthropic also, the place
which should be regarded as a home for its incapa-
citated poor should be looked upon by many of the
most respectable of that class as more in the liht
of a national gaol." This is very true, and great
as are the difficulties in the way, the new Parlia-
ment must turn its attention to the subject without
delay, in order to meet the evils of the case. Our
workhouse system has never really answered the
ends which the founders had in view, and
never will so long as the under officials
are so little supervised by their supe-
riors. To wait until a case of hardship
takes place, and then to institute an inquiry, is not
the way to mend matters. The best and most
effectual check would be for the heads of the de-
partment to pay unexpected visits, and take things
as they find them for an illustration of general ma-
nagement. At any rate there is enough, and more
than enough, to engage the earnest attention of the
new House, and the Irish Church question will
only be the precursor of other work which is alike
important and interesting.

The arrival of the City of Antwerp, from New
York on the `27th ult., brings us the news that
General GRANT has found it advisable to interfere
in some degree with the Southern States. The
General has issued au order authorising the com-
manders of the forces in the South to use the troops
in aid of the civil authorities at their disposal, but
their action is limited to affording assistance iu the
enforcement of some lawful process. This precau-
tion is no doubt intended as a protection against
reckless oppression by the military, but unless
the order is a little less vaguely worded than the
summary which reaches us, the commanders, if so
disposed, can employ the troops at the elections.
Many well-wishers to the Southern States have
shrunk from the employment of the soldiers in the
repression of the disturbances or in the preserva-
tion of social order, from fear that. when once the
necessary permission is given the Radicals will seize
the opportunity of keeping the Democrats from the
polling booths. At the same time it would be idle
to decline the assistance of the troops on these
grounds, since nothing can be more likely to inter-
fere with the freedom of the elections than the dis-
turbances promoted by the negroes. It is evident
that a good deal of uneasiness does exist on this
subject in the Southern States, for we find that
Senator CAMPBELL arrived at Washington with a
petition from Charleston, signed by the Conserva-
tive citizens, asking the PRESIDENT for military
protection against the negroes, who, as they believe,
are incited to outrage by the Southern Radicals.
The Secretary of War replied that General GRANT'S
orders, which we have already referred to, would
meet the requirements of the case. Meanwhile
the Tennessee Legislature has increased the
State militia; and empowered the Governor
to use the force at his discretion. It is
very much to be regretted that this
alarm should exist respecting the negroes, since
nothing could be more fatal to the interests of the
country than a war of races. The great object of
all should be to secure internal tranquillity ; with-
out that it is impossible for the finances to recover,
for trade and commerce to flourish, and the South
to become as of old, the source of national wealth
and prosperity. If a fresh element of discord and
uneasiness is to be introduced, the consequences will
be most disastrous to both North and South. There
seems unfortunately to be some ground for this
prevailing apprehension, for we find the negroes in
several places putting themselves actively forward,
and in Missouri they have forme] a negro State
Convention, and have passed a resolution demand-
ing equal political and social rights.
The negroes must not be classed with the Indians,
but a fresh source of danger and disturbance has of
late arisen in the border states from the conduct of
some of the hostile tribes. In Kansas, Montana,
and Colorado it is reported that their outrages have
increased, and a general Indian war is regarded as
imminent. Only a few days since we received in-
telligence that a waggon train had been interrupted
by the Indians, and that sixteen guards had been
scalped. It is impossible that matters can remain
in such a state, and it will be necessary for the
Americans to take active measures for the protec-
tion of their citizens and subjects.
The elements of mischief appear to be peculiarly
Life in the great Western continent just now, for
not only are the negroes threatening an armed out-
break in the South, and the Indians using their
scalping knives, but the Fenians have come to life
again in the great cities, and are holding conven-
tions in Washington and New York to reorganise
the order. It is a pity that the American Govern-

ment cannot turn some of these superfluous energies
to account, and set one party of mischief makers to
reduce the others to order.

The cab-drivers and cab owners are still actively
engaged in their mistaken endeavours to improve
their position by putting the public to as much in-
convenience as possible. An incident which led
yesterday to the increase of this inconvenience
served to prove how shortsighted and foolish is the
whole affair, and how unlikely to benefit the cab-
drivers should the strike even be successful. The
masters of the privileged cabs finding that their
men were earning a good deal of extra money in
consequence of the strike endeavoured to make
them pay more for the hire of the cabs. This the men
refused, and being partly afraid of giving offence
to the rest of the trade a number of them joined the
strike, so that about 150 additional cabs were yes-
terday withdrawn from the streets. 'We have thus
pretty clear evidence that the cab-drivers themselves,
of whose wrongs we hear so much, would gain very
little if the wishes of the trade were carried out•
The masters would take care to charge them more
than they have done heretofore, and as they would
raise the daily rate of charge, and every cab could
not get work at the stations, the men would, on
the whole, be very probably the losers. Moreover,
the railways are too rich and too powerful
to submit to the dictation of the cab-owners
or drivers, and, as Sir DANIEL Goom the other
day intimated to the deputation which waited on
him they will probably provide conveyances of
their own should the pressure go on. The cabmen
cannot afford to do without the public, and they
will very shortly find that they are not strong
enough to rule the community in their own fashion.
The enormous extension of railways during the last
few years has rendered the public more indepen-
dent than heretofore of casual means of convey-
ance. A great meeting of the trade was held yester-
day at the Cambridge Hall, when a good deal was
said on the subject, though nothing very new. One
speaker suggested that they had done wrong in not
" striking" in the height of the season ; but he for-
got that, if Parliament had been sitting, they might
soon have had reason to repent.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

SERVIA.

BELGRADE, Sept. 8.

The journal Vidordat of to-day states, on reliable
authority, that a Bulgarian National Provisional
Government has been formed, the seat of which is
said to be in the Balkan.

INDIA.

BOMBAY, Sept. 8 (Evening).
The Indian press unanimously condemn the
appointment of Lord Mayo to the Viceroyalty.
The Dutch ship Ilollanisrew, from Shields for
Batavia, was totally destroyed by fire at sea on the
26th of July. Ten lives were lost.