The Sun.
London, England, 1844-12-30 00:00:00

STATE OF TRADE.

FOREIGN WOOL TRAD,E, LEEDS, DEC. Tr.—Owing
to the majority of merchants and manufacturers being
now engaged in taking stock, transactions in Foreign.
Wools during the past week have been only incon-
siderable in amount, but the prices realised exhibit
somewhat of a rising tendency, especially these sorts
of which the market has recently become very bare.
ENGLISH WOOL MARKET, LEEDS, DEC. 27.—The
manufacturers. of both combing and clothing wools
purchase more :freely than a few weeks ago, and prices
have an upward tendency.
W.AKEFIELx• Woor. MARKET, DEC. 27.—We have
again to report extensive operations, and a little
further improvement in the value of deep combing
warp wools, with more firmness in wool of all other
descriptions, both long and short.
LEEDS.—The transactions at our cloth halls this
week have be en to a greater extent in balk goods than
in any week dluring the last six or seven. Prices
continue steady, but the manufacturers complain
heavily of the rate of profit. As usual, so near the
close of the year, there is little doing in finished
goods. The foreign houses are doing little, and few
buyers are now visiting the market; and business,
therefore, is dull in the warehouses.
BRADFORD MARKET, THURSDAY.—•The closing
market with the year, which formerly was not kept,
has been fully as animated as for some time past, and
a general feeling prevailing that the worst is past, and
that piece goods have seen their lowest point, gives a
tone of firmness, and will probably induce the manu-
facturers to change their recent policy, which is now
keenly felt by the operatives. The advanced price of
wool has made the spinners worse off, and they are
seeking improved prices for yarns, which on the
opening of the year it is generally expected will be
given, as the contracts for January will not be made
at December prices. There has throughout the week
been a toles sbly active demand for both combing and
clothing wools, and on all kinds an advance has been
fully establi shed.
MANCHESTER, THURSDAY EVENING.—We have a
decidedly better feeling in our cloth market this week,
though the week preceding the new year is invari-
ably a duller time than any other. Shirtings for the
Chinese market are in great demand, and the turn
dearer ; other goods are quite firm, and even buoyant.
Yarns continue much the same in demand, and prices
though, if anything, rather better to sell.—Leeds
Mercury.

THE RECENT FEVER IN LIVERPOOL.—Now tha,
this alarming disease, which raged so extensively in this
own in the month of November, has passed away, it
may be interesting to state a few facts connected with
its origin and progress. Comparatively few cases oc-
curred in the months of September and October, though
the whole number of cases of fever was a little above
the averav, but not to such an extent as to excite
suspicion. It was in the early part of November
that the disease became so prevalent, a very large
portion of the cases having commenced between
the 7th and 12th. There were some pecu-
liarities in. the general character of the epidemic,
but they would not be interesting, and scarcely intelli-
gible to the general reader. It may be stated that it
possessed all the essential characteristic features of the
ordinary low typhoid fever of the country. There were
a considerable number of deaths, but still the rate of
mortality was not great. The disease was, in a remark-
able degree, most prevalent in, if not actually
confined to one part of the town—that situated
to the north of Lord-street, Church-street, and
Mount-pleasant. To the south of this line there
were very few cases—not more than one in ten or
fifteen. Evertoa and Edge-hill were its two favourite
abodes, in which it was most extraordinarily prevalent.
Another great and inexplicable peculiarity of the disease,
was that it prevailed chiefly amongst the more affluent
classes; it entered the mansion but passed by the cot-
tage. It was in those families that have all the means
and appliances of health at their command that it chiefly,
though, of course, not exclusively, prevailed. To account
for this is impossible ; and although there is 110 doubt
that the causes of disease are regulated by general laws,
this may serve to show us that circumstances are still
occurring in the history of disease which set all our
philosophy at defiance.—Liverpool Times.
CONFESSION OF WM. KENDREW, THE MURDERER.
—Wm. Kendrew, the murderer of Mr. Wm. Inchbald, of
Low Dunsforth, near Boroughbridge, on Thursday last
made a verbal confession to Mr. Sutton, of which the
following is the purport :—IIe stated that a fortnight
before the murder Mr. Inchbald had threatened to have
him transported for poaching before the expiration of
three months, in consequence of which he (Kendrew),
on the 28th of September, laid in wait for Mr. Inchbald,
and having arrived at the place described at the trial, he
fired and hit him in the back. Mr. Inchbald then turned
round, when Kendrew discharged the second barrel, and
wounded him in the left arm. Not being satisfied with
this, he went up to the unfortunate man whilst he was
lying on the ground, and struck him on the head with
the butt end of the gun. Mr. Inchbald then, although
so seriously wounded, got up and followed Kendrew,
who immediately went into the fields and saw no more
of the deceased. The culprit asserted that he had no
intention of robbing Mr. Inchbald, but that he had com-
mitted the deed entirely out of revenge for the threat
which had been used towards him. At the time Ken-
drew made this confession, he acknowledged the just-
ness of his sentence, and appeared very penitent. He
was executed on Saturday.
PROBABLE ELECTION AT BRADFORD.—It i 9 inti-
mated by our Bradford Contemporary that Mr. Hardy
is likely to resign his seat, owing to his late serious
attack of illness, and that his sou, Mr. Gathorn Hardy,
will probably be a candidate for the vacant seat. Should
a resignation take place, we hope the constituency of
Bradford will return a good free trader. If the Liberals
should be united, we believe they may do this.—Leeds
Mercury.

ABUSED PORTUGAL.
TO THE _EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SlR,—Although an Englishman, conceding to no
one a greater love of his country than I am proud to
cherish, I have resided oue half of my life in Portu-

gal, from whence I hav e bet lately returned ; and I
have been much surpred to observe how much of
fallacy and misrepresentation, in respect of the affairs
of Portugal, finds its way into the newspapers, which
I ascribe to the proneness of correspondents to disre-
gard the golden rule of " the Duke," which enjoins
that no one meddle with subjects that he doss not
understand.

Considering that long experience of the commerce
of Portugal may exempt me from the danger of any
undue meddling, I venture to address you on the sub-
ject of that trade, in respect of which, above all other
trades, it appears to me that the British public has
been most grossly abused; and lam induced so to
address you by the strange assertions of the City
Article of The Sun of Tuesday last.
That article complains that the Queen of Portugal,
in the recent speech closing the Fortes at Lisbon, said
not one word on the subject of any alteration in the
tariff duties, as affectiug: British manufactures ; and

further pretends that " Great Britain has made con-
cessions in favour of the wines and other produce of
Portugal, whose Government seems doggedly disposed
to make no return."
As to concessions in favour of the wines of Portu-
gal, the only one ever made was in the year 1703,
when in return for the admission to consumption in
Portugal of British wc.ollens, the wines of Portugal
were favoured by a reduction of one third from the
rate of duty paid on the wines of France.
But no further cohcQssion was made in favour of
Portugal wines by the treaty of 1810, which opened
the vast market of Brt.z:l to British commerce at a
time that the " Continental system" gave a tenfold
• value to any new market for our manufactures, which
were admitted then, for the first time, into Brazil at
the low duty of 13 per cent. ad valorem, while 30 per
cent. was levied on the manufactures of all other
countries.

By that treaty Great Britain enjoyed for a con-
siderable number of years a monopoly of the Portugal
and Brazilian markets, which she knew not how to
appreciate, but became enamoured of a restless theory,
professing, and only professing, the principles of free
trade, which her practice broadly contradicts, from a
want of courage to follow out those great principles.
In 1831 the partial advantage formerly conceded
to Portugal wines was wholly rescinded, when those
of France were allowed to enter at nominally the
same rate of duty ; but this apparent equalisation of
the duty has the effect of a most onerous differential
duty on the wines of Portugal.
The pre: it impost of ss. 9d. per gallon is only
45 per cent. on the value of the wines :of France, the
consumption of which is confined to the rich and the
luxurious ; while it amounts to 150 per cent. on the
value of Portugal wines, which are chiefly consumed
by the industrious middling classes, who appreciate
the invigorating quality of the generous wines of
Oporto, which in spite of all the caprice of fashion,
and the suggestions of prejudice, are still acknow-
ledged to be the best tonic and restorative for the sick.
Thus it will be seen that Portugal wines, so far
from enjoying any favour, are actually charged with
inure than treble the amount of duty paid on the
wines of France, on a comparison of their respective
market value ! Notwithstanding this crying injus-
tice, Portugal still admits at feasible rates of duty
not only the produce of the British fisheries, of which
she imports 12,000 tons annually from Newfoundland,
but almost every article, from the rudest to the most
finished of our manufactures ; while France, on the
contrary, almost confines her importations to the
very first conversions of our industry, such as linen,
yarns, cotton-twist, pig-iron, cake-copper, and coals,
so indispensable to her own manufactures, and klarge
amount of our invaluable machinery.

The great increase of our exporis to France, con-
sisting chiefly of such articles as I have enumerated, so
far from being a subject of gratulation, only proves
her gigantic progress in the march of competition,
which in competition with the Zollverein threatens to
exclude us from the markets of Europe ; while the
growing industry of the United States is already un-
tiermining our commerce in the Pacific and Eastern
Oceans.

After this statement, the accuracy of which I am
prepared to demonstrate, I would ask, where is the
justice or the policy of these unceasing attempts to
excite in the public mind a prejudice against Por-
tugal, whose trade with us is pining for want of
those reciprocal modifications of tariffs which were
stipulated for by the treaty of 1842 ?
Do the markets of Portugal become less important
to us, in proportion as hostile competition is extending
itself on every hand ; or, will her harbours be less
valuable to our naval interests and security, when
prostrate Spain shall have closed her ports, zoid the
Mediterranean be converted into a French lake ?
I would desire to meddle with nothing beyond my
province, and to confine myself to the mere question
of trade ; but the correspondent of The Sun has
made a sickly appeal to the " sympathy due to an
Old Ally, who at a vast expense of I)lood'and treasure
defended the interests of Portugal."
I shall only reply to such puling remarks by re-
ferring to the Treaty of Alliance, offensive and defen-
sive, which still subsists between England and Por-
tugal ; and without ascribing the magnitude of our
efforts in Portugal to the obligations of that treaty,
I would ask, whether any other theatre could have
been found, more favourable than the Peninsula,
whereon to enact at a distance from our own shores,
the horrors of war, in defence of British interests,
against the overwhelming influence of Napoleon ?
would presume to ask " the Duke," whose love
of manly truth is ao well known, and who can best
answer whether our allies of Portugal then proved
faithless ; or, whether the generous bands that tra-
versed her mountains to co-operate in the rescue of
the Peninsula failed to contribute to his triumphs on
the plains of Salamanca and Vittoria ?
Let him say, who so long suffering under every
privation as the Portuguese soldier ; who so docile
under foreign command, and so enduring under the
rigour of an unwonted discipline, which might have
been considered the more intolerable as being foreign ;
who braver than they whose generous emulation so
largely contributed to that devotion and efficiency of
the allied army, which enabled the Duke to say " he
could go anywhere and do anything with such an
army," with which at length he dissipated the op-
pressors of the Peninsula!
Finally, I would presume to ask his Grace calmly
to reconsider the claims of Portugal to a more
equitable regulation of her commerce with England,
and to inspire his colleagues with the desire to do
justice to such claims, with more of generosity rather
than of neglect, in proportion as the claimant is
thought to be weak and powerless.
The Government of Portugal has made every effort
to meet the claims of her foreign creditors, while her
domestic creditors, the unhappy holders of the Go-
vernment paper-money, which formerly constituted
one-half of the circulation of Portugal, receive neither
principal nor interest upon an enormous amount of
that paper-money, which was withdrawn from circu-
lation in 11133, upon a promise of redemption which
has never been fulfilled.
It requires only better information, and a more
dispassionate consideration of the conduct and affairs
of Portugal, to ,arrive at a conviction of her good
faith towards England, as evinced by the preceding
statement, which should he viewed in contrast with
the conduct of the repudiating States, before we exact
from suffering and abused Portugal the full penalty
of our bond. MERCATOR.
London, Dec. 26, 1844.

QUESTION OF PRIVILEGE.
IMPORTANT DECISION RELATING TO THE
ROYAL RESIDENCE AT WINDSOR.
WINDSOR, FRIDAY EVENING.—For a period of up-
wards of four hundred 3 ears, persons residing within the
precincts of Windsor Castle have not only been consi-
dered to be privileged from arrest • for debt, but their
goods and chattels have also been considered quite as
secure as their persons from civil process. From a
knowledge of this fact. many "gentlemea in difficulties,"
and ladies too, are constantly in the habit of taking
houses or securing lodgings within the privileged circle.
A short time since, however, a gentleman who resided
in the Regent's Park took up his abode at one of the
military knight's houses, and about a fortnight ago he
was visited by one of the officers of the Sheriff of Berks,
and arrested (notwithstanding the privilege he claimed
as a resident within the Royal precincts) for a judgment
debt amounting to between 3,0001. and 4,0001. The
officer immediately conveyed his prisoner to the county
gaol at Reading. This wEs considered to be an ex-
ceedingly bold step on the part of the officer, and in the
very teeth, too, of a rule which had been observed in
similar cases for ceeturies before. We understand,
however, that the sheriff was indemnified from all
consequences might result from it. The
defendant, immediately tei.er his arrest, acting upon
the advice of his :,olicitor, took out a summons calling
upon the plaintiff and the sheriff to show cause,
before one of the Barons of the Exchequer, in which
Court the proceedings were taken, why he should not,
be discharged out of custody, upon the ground of the
arrest having been the defendant having been
captured within the (privileged) precincts of a royal pa-
lace. The case was tit and by Mr. Baron Rolfe, in cham-
bers, on Friday, the 20th inst., Mr. Carrington and Mr.
J. J. Williams appearing as counsel for the defendant,
in support of the summons, and Mr. Taprel as counsel
for the plaintiff. The sheriff (appeared by his attorney.
An immense number of authorities were cited by coun-
sel on both sides, in support of the cases of their respec-
tive clients. The arguments lasted nearly the whole day.
At their conclusion, the Learned Baron desired to have
handed to him the authorities referred to and affidavits
sworn on both sides, and also the summons, stating that
he should deliver his judgment on the following Monday.
On Monday last the whole of the parties attended at
Mr. Baron Rolle's chambers, when the Learned Baron
stated thnt he had examined all the authorities which
had been referred to by the Learned Counsel for the
plaintiff and defendant, and also the affidavits which
have been put in, and that his decision was that the sum-
mons be discharged.

LICENSED VICTUALLERS' PRO-
POSED CONFERENCE AT NOTTINGHAM.
(From the Birmingham. Advertiser.)
An important meeting of delegates, appointed by
the licensed victuallers throughout the kingdom, at
the suggestion of the Licensed Victuallers' Protection
Society of Birmingham, and other societies of many
large boroughs, will assemble at the central town of
Nottingham, on Tuesday, the Bth January next, for
the purpose of determining on an address to both
Houses of Parliament, and of adopting such mea-
sures as may fully expose the monstrous injustice
certain contemplated changes in the laws relating to
their trade would inflict upon them, and of organis-
ing such plans as may tend best to preserve their
interests.
It appears that two most important innovations (for
such they are) are sought to be effected with respect
to matters of vital consequence to this great branch
of trade, and we feel called upon to make a few re-
marks thereon. In the first place, then, it is an-
nounced " that it is in contemplation to apply the
clauses of the Metropolitan Police Act to large
towns." The effect which the extension of this Act
to all large boroughs will produce, has been thus
briefly, and, in our opinion, correctly described:—
The peculiarity of the Metropolitan Act, y R affect-
ing the interests of the trade in country towns, is this
—that all houses within the boroughs proposed to be
included, must be shut up at twelve o'clock on Satur-
day night, and not to be opened until one on Sunday
afternoon ; thus driving persons requiring accommo-
dation during that period to coffee-houses, or others
of a disreputable character, or to such as are situated
without the borough, and not within the jurisdiction
of the magistrate. The effect of this must be obvious
—it will deprive the established trade of a consider-
able portion of its fair and legitimate business, and
have no other result to any party than the injury
of the present proprietor of houses situated within
boroughs.
We give place to no public journalist in our advo-
cacy of the proper observance of the Sabbath, and, if
we thought this measure likely to do away with any
portion of its desecration, it should have our warm
support. But to us it appears but a choice of evils;
travellers and others (a numerous class, it is to b
feared) make this day too often subservient to worldly
cares and worldly business, and, unless a general law
be passed prohibiting Sunday travelling and Sunday
trading in toto, it is idle and worse than useless to at-
tempt these partial forbiddings. Driven from decent
and respectable inns and taverns, the keepers of which
are well known, responsible, and oftentimes most
worthy and conscientious persons—the traveller, the
wayfarer, the hungry, and the thirsty, must resort to
ome coffee-house, or perhaps low place of light and
disgraceful character, for the necessary rest or the in-
dispensable refreshment. Besides, by the law now in
force, all licensed places of public entertainment, such
as hotels, taverns, &c., are closed during the hours of
Divine service. But, as in immediate connexion
with this branch of our argument, and most intimately
connected with the working of the prohibitory part
to which we have just alluded, what, we ask, will be
thought of the following clause, which is also to form
a part of the new measure?—
It is proposed to empower whosesale dealers, or
any persons taking from the Excise the requisite
licenses, to sell wines and spirits in so small quan-
tities as a reputed quart bottle (actually less than
three half-pints).
Shut out, as would be the case by such an enact-
ment, from inns and taverns, on the Saturday
night and the Sunday morning, the traveller or
the public-house visitor, at the very next door
could and would be received as a guest,
a friend, or relation, and there might legally
obtain wines and spirits sufficient to satisfy the wants
of nature, or administer to intoxication. Let us here
remark, however, that beyond the abuse of the pro-
posed privilege, the advantage (?) goes not a step
further. At these new " wine and spirit vaults,"
which would abundantly start into legal existence in
all the squares, streets, and alleys, hamlets, and vil-
lages in the empire, where would the occasional fre-
quenters find either proper security or necessary
accommodation ? We ask, is the publican, with
these fearful odds against him, still to be expected to
furnish extra accommodation at all hours ? Is no
reduction contemplated in the amount at present paid
for his licenses ? Are all his burdens to remain ?
Are soldiers still to be billetted upon him ? and is he
to fight against a host of fresh opponents and enemies,
shackled as before ?
Leaving out of the question the moral effect of
opening a multitude of new gin-shops in every quar-
ter, without requiring the sanction of the local ma-
gistrates, it is a fact well known that, from the arti-
cles -wines and spirits (both, let it be remembered, in
a cold, wet, and uncertain climate like ours, in con-
stant requisition) :is derived a very considerable por-
tion of the profits of the licensed victuallers. To re-
duce these without a manifest and imperative public
want as regards their supply, would be such a wanton
exercise of legislative power as ought not, and must
not, be tamely submitted to. We are gratified, then, to
find that, sufficiently alive to this wholesale jeopardis-
ing of their interests, and determined respectfully,
yet firmly, to resist this attempted inroad upon their
first sources of legitimate profit, the licensed vic-
tuallers of England are about to respond to the call
of their brethren in Birmingham, Liverpool, Leeds,
Sheffield, and other large towns, and send delegates
to join them in conference, on Tuesday week, at Not.
tinigham—then and there to discuss calmly and dis
passionately the proposed new enactments.

The defendant (who, it is stated, intends to bring the the labour, his duties knew no relaxation. Mr. Taylor,
whole matter before the full Court, next term) conse- one of the Dublin agents, was also down, and he
quently still remains in Reading gaol. spared no pains on his own part to get the Vanguard
Mr. Baron Rolfe's decision of Monday last has caused great consternation on the minds of those persons who to rights. Captain Hirst also deserves the greatest
had previously fondly imagined that they were living in credit for his exertions ; nothing that could be done
a state of privileged security. The royal residence at did he neglect, while the men under his command
Windsor is no longer privileged from the intrusion of an showed themselves ready and willing to lend every
officer of the Sheriff of the county. assistance. almost forgotten We had
Captain M‘Kinnon exerted himself very laudably in
endeavouring to get the Vanguard off. The exact
amount of the damage sustained by the Vanguard has
not yet transpired.

IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ATMO-
SPHERIC RAILWAY.
(From the Leeds Mercury.)
M. Hallette, an experienced engineer and maker
of steam-engines, at Arras, near Calais, in France,
has patented an invention, which he regards as an
important improvement on the atmospheric railway
of Messrs. Clegg and Samuda, and likely so far to
perfect that principle of railway construction as to
give it an unquestionable and great superiority over
the present methods of constructing an 4 working
railways. The subject is of sufficient interest, in
these days of railway enterprise, to justify us in en-
tering somewhat into particulars.
The means contrived by Clegg and Samuda for
attaching the carriages to the piston, was to make a
groove along the tube, covered with a leathern flap,
which being weighted and covered with wax, allows
a cable or bar, connecting the piston with the car-
riages, to traverse—opening with ease to admit the
passage of the cable, and closing after it, so as almost,
but not entirely, to prevent the admission of air. The
apparatus is extremely ingenious, but complicated ;
it requires the application of a heated iron in
advance of the piston, to melt the wax, and a
roller following the piston to re-seal it; and it
allows of a leakage which the patentees calculate
as equal to fifteen per cent. of the power em-
ployed to exhaust the air, but which Mr.
Robert Stephenson believes to amount to 36 per
cent., and even at the higher velocities to 74 per cent.
Several of the most eminent engineers, both English
and French, have examined the operation of the at-
mospheric railway, and hare reported most favour-
ably amongst them may be named Messrs. Brunell,
Cubitt, and Gibbons, and also Messrs. Teisserenc and
Mallet.

THE CHURCH.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SlR,—Thanks are due to you for keeping the
Church question constantly before the public, and for
the zeal and moderation with which you have
written. The intense interest I take in the subject
forces me to write to you, although I am aware that
the reading of past years has faded from my memory,
and that I have not at my command any leisure for
research. Longing as I do, not for the destruction
of the Church, but for its thorough reform and con-
sequent extension, I cannot keep silence at a time
when the imbecility of some, and the tyranny of
others are encouraging the enemies of the Church to
raise the cry " Delenda est Carthago."
The controversy which now agitates t'ie country,
and which must before long rend the Church, is not
a mere rag question, it is not a contest for black or
white gowns, otherwise it might easily be settled by
one of two compromises—the grey or the magpie. it
is not a question of candles nor candlesticks. The
question does not concern the points of the compass,
nor is it one that can be solved by the nautical skill
of Blomfield. The question is " What is the Rule
of Faith ?" and before this question is answered it
will become plain to all men that what we at present
in courtesy call the Church of England is not in any
intelligible sense an Ecclesia. Should the bishops
meet, summoned by the Archbishop of Canterbury,
any decision of theirs will be no more binding upon
us laymen than one made by the assembled sextons.
The Church at present has neither head, hand, or
voice, to think, to act, or even to speak.
Each of the two contending parties can prove that
their views are those of the Church by print, either
red or black. History would explain this, and show
that the unamalgamating materials of the unfinished
work were derived from places which yield only arti-
cles of antagonistic qualities. We have taken the
right of private judgment from Geneva, and the au-
therity of the priests from Rome. You, Sir, cannot
I deny that the Evangelical party are sustained by the
Thirty-nine Articles. Lord Chatham long since de-
clared what was nearly tantamount in the House of
Lords. It cannot be necessary to write a line in
proof of the fact, that the Thirty-nine Articles are in
favour of the views of the Evangelical and popular
party.
But it is of great importance to show that the
Church of England supports the claims of those who
would lord it over us as priests. It i , essential to
every one who would judge correctly on this point
to pay attention to this mischievous and ambiguous
word, whereby they tamper with us in a double sense.
Priest is our translation of "hiereus" and of presbyter.
Heathenism had its hiereus—Judaism had its hiereus;
but no Protestant Church can allow that any of its
ministers are hiereus.* It is not justice to the igno-
rant to call them priests, although this word is often
taken as a translation of "presbyteri." I will now add
a few remarks to show that those clergymen who call
upon us to obey them as hiereus are justified by the
Church of England.
In confirmation of the assertion, let me call your
attention to the absolutions which cannot be given by
any clergyman who is not a priest. In unison with
the claims of priestly power are the views of the
Lord's supper taught by the Church, that' "the body
and blood of Christ are verily and indeed taken and
received by the faithful." In unison with the claims
of the hiereus is the whole of the rubric in the Com-
munion service. Duport, in his Greek translation of
the Prayer-book published in 1665, translates the
word priest by hiereus. The hiereus consecrates the
elements, lays his hand upon all the bread to be used,
and upon the vessels containing the wine to be used.
If more is required a new consecration. If any con-
secrated bread or wine is left it must not be taken
away, but reverently consumed by the hiereus and
the communicants. No wonder the communicants
kneel at such a supper.
To multiply proofs that the Church of England
presents to the people all her clergymen -rho are in
full orders, not only as presbyteri, but also as hiereus,
is surely needless ; but it is very painful to dwell on
matters where we are tempted by frauds and decep-
tions to speak with levity on topics associated with
the memory of Jesus, and with " the glad tidings for
the poor."
There has too long existed in our Established
Church a compromise between two great but opposite
principles, and I will conclude what I have to say on
the subject, by expressing a wish that issue may be
joined, and that the year 1845 may witness the down-
fall of priestly power in our establishment, and that
the Church may become a Church not in name, but
in reality—not as some would have it the clergy
solely, but the people also united in faith and love,
and zealous for good works.
There are two other questions connected with the
Church on which I should be glad to write to you,
but I must delay until the present controversy has
prepared the minds of men for Church Reform.
In the mean time, I beg you, Sir, to call upon
Lord John Russell. We have not in this country
what is so much needed, a minister for the affairs of
instruction. His Lordship is now out of office, but
enjoys the confidence of moderate men of all parties.
He would earn the gratitude of his countrymen
throughout all generations, and bless our vast colo
nies as well as our native land, if, without party poli
tics, he would devote himself to the infinitely im
portant questions of the Church and the school.
Sir, your obedient servant,
AN ENGLISH MECHANIC.

The improvement made by M. Hallette is in pro-
viding a means of opening and closing the longitudinal
groove, so as to prevent the loss of power by leakage.
He has endeavoured to imitate nature, by providing a
pair of flexible lips to the groove, which allow of the
passage of the piston-bar or cable without admitting
the air. It is possible, as every one may find on trial, to
pass a quill or pencil between the lips from one side
of the mouth to the other, without admitting the
least air into the mouth or out of it. M. Hallette
has made artificial lips, by disposing along the parallel
edges of the longitudinal groove two little cylinders,
cut laterally, so that the concave of the one cylinder
is opposite to the concave of the other; and, filling
each cylinder with a kind of hollow gut or tube, of
leather or other material impermeable to air, which
tubes, being filled with compressed air, and lying in
close contact with each other, form a kind of elastic
lips, that open like the lips of man, and allow a bar or
cable to pass along them without admitting any air
into the large tube.
Such is the method ; and we have seen a letter
from M. Hallette to a French gentleman in this town,
who acts as his representative, stating that, after ex-
periments made publicly on a short railway at Arras,
he has proved that the artificial lips placed along the
groove of the tube hermetically close it, and effec
tually prevent the admission of air into the exhausted
portion of the tube as the piston passes. His in-
vention also affords the means of bringing the piston
and train to a stand much more quickly than any
other system, and of course it is better adapted than
any other to the descent of considerable inclinations.
M. Arago and other distinguished men of science
in France have declared their approbation of M.
Hallette's invention ; and a Commission, composed of
Messrs. Charles Dupin, Arago, Seguier, Morin, and
Piobert, has been appointed to report upon it to the
Academie des Sciences.
If the plan should succeed, it will so cheapen the
atmospheric principle of railway as to remove all
doubt of its superiority to the use of locomotive
engines. M. Hallette expects that a stationary
engine every five and a quarter miles will suf-
fice to exhaust the tube, instead of (as by Clegg
and Samuda's plan) an engine every two and a
third miles. If the invention should realise the
expectations formed of it, all the advantages of
the present atmospheric railway will be realised in a
higher degree. Railways might be carried over ele-
vations of more than 400 yards; and of course the
necessity for tunnels, embankments, and cuttings
would be nearly done away, and the expense of the
construction of railways would be exceedingly dimi-
nished. Much lighter rails might be used, as the
enormous locomotives (which chiefly require the rails
to be so strong and heavy) would be done away ;
and much lighter carriages would also suffice, be-
cause collisions would be impossible. The risk of
accidents would be reduced to the smallest possible
amount. The trains would pass without noise,
and with very little vibration. The expense of work-
ing the trains would be exceedingly diminished
there would be no need for the large workshops and
the great numbers of first-rate mechanics on rail-
ways.
Should the invention succeed, it will furnish a
means of cheap and rapid traction on canals and
rivers, and may be applied to many other purposes of
great utility.
We understand that patents have been taken out
for M. Hallette's invention in England; Scotland, and
Ireland. If any of our readers should wish further
information on the subject, we have no doubt that M
Chevalier, of this town, who acts for M. Hallette
would immediately supply it.

THE VANGUARD STLAMER
AFLOAT.

(From the Cork Southern Reporter of Tuesday.)
We are happy in being able to announce to our
readers that the Vanguard steamer has at length
been got off. At about four o'clock this morning
she was got off the rock amid a hearty cheer, from
all whom curiosity or duty had drawn to the spot,
which was oft and heartily repeated. A detail of the
operation to get off the Vanguard may be interesting.
On Monday, the Victory steamer left the Quay at
three o'clock, and proceeded down the river, for the
purpose of taking a warp from the Vanguard, anti
to assist in towing her off. The Eagle also left the
Quay at five o'clock, with a large number of empty
casks, but, as the sequel will show, the Vanguard
needed not the assistance of them. Captain White,
who, from the commencement showed an
activity and diligence in managing the vessel
which entitle him to the highest commendation, made
a minute examination of the hull of the Vanguard,
and having- discovered the apertures through which
the water gained ingress, succeeded in stopping them,
by which means, joined to the assistance afforded by
the pumps of the 'vessel, which, by the bye, were
effectively worked by her own engines, she was very
soon got off. Another impediment had also to be
removed, which was the rocks, that not only sur-
rounded the vessel, but had actually broken through
her bottom ; this was, however, easily effected by
means of chisels, hammers,- and pickaxes. A tank
was then constructed in the vessel, and every other
preparation having been completed, four o'clock this
morning, owing to the flood tide, was the time ap-
pointed to make the attempt to bring her away. The
Victory having sent out a hawser, it was made fast to
the Vanguard, when, as the rope was drawn to a strain,
the vessel floated off without the least difficulty.
This is important to observe, that the Vanguard had
her own engines at work at the time, and by their
means solely was she backed off the rock. The vesst 1
being got out into deep water she floated right well
for some time, say about an hour, when the leak be-
gan to spring again, but not to a great extent. She
was towed by the Victory towards Spike Island, but,
when opposite the Buoy it was found necessary to cut
her loose, as she would not steer well, by reason of
her being attached to the other vessel. This being
done, she then made the rest of her way unassisted,
and ran in upon the mud bank at Spike, where
she now is, waiting for the ensuing tide to bring
her up to Passage, where it is said she will be re-
paired. Of this, however, we cannot speak with cer-
tainty. The Vanguard is not much injured, in
fact, the hull is nearly as sound as when she
was turned off the stocks, and her engines also are in
complete working condition, which was shown to a
nicety in her passage this morning across the Bay to
Spike Island. There are some remains of the cargo
still on board the vessel, but they are not worth
noticing. The surprise is general that a vessel which
had suffered so much, and into which the water or
every tide had found an extensive entrance, should
yet have come off in so comparatively uninjured a
condition. When the Vanguard was being backed
off this morning, the hawser which had attached her
to the Victory was snapped asunder, though nine
inches thick, so suddenly did the former vessel glide
out into the water from her position on the rock.
We understand the Victory was anchored at
the time, which was the cause of the occurrence.
'here was also an accident happened to one of the
seamen of the Victory ; when they were taking in
the slack of the hawser, it struck the poor fellow in
the head, and cut him most severely. That was the
only accident which was reported, and is certainly
rather singular, considering the number of men em-
ployed on the occasion, and the unseasonable hour at
which they laboured. We cannot close this state-
ment without offering one or twolines on the
parties who were more immediately interestedexertd in the
fate of the Vanguard, and who had
them-
selves to get her off. We have already alluded to White's activity and efforts, but we niusot
add, in justice to him, that both were indefatigable
Ever since the vessel had met with the ac-
cident, Captain White was on the spot, and
no matter how inclement the weather, or how arduous

* The word " hiereus" does not occur in any one of
St. Paul's Epistles.

DARTMOUTH ELECTION.
DARTMOUTH, FRIDAY, FIVE O'CLOCK.—This election
has terminated in the return of Mr. Somes. The re-
turning officer made the official declaration immediately
after the close of the poll, when the numbers were—
Mr. Somes 125
Mr. Moffatt

THE SON, LONDON, MONDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 301 1844.

ford, proved that, in consequence of what he heard
from the last witness and other persons, he went to
the cottage of the deceased, and found the man alive,
and the woman apparently quite dead. The deceased
man breathed very hard, but was quite unconscious,
and the foam came out of his mouth "like yeast out
of a barrel" (the witness's own words). At first wit•
ness had an impression that it was possible the deaths
had been occasioned by destitution, but he afterwards
felt satisfied that they were the result of poison. '.l he
little girl had been vomiting a great deal during the
night, and was in a wretched plight. The boy told
him that he had some bread and butter for supper, and
that his little sister was very ill during the night, and
he tried to awaken his mother to assist her, but was
Unable to do so.
Mr. T. M'Keron, the assistant to Mr. Curtis, the
medical officer of the union, deposed that he went to
the cottage of the deceased, and found them in the
state described by the last witnesses. The counte-
nance of the man was very livid, and his extremities
were quite cold, and he was unconscious. Witness
looked round the room, but did not see a trace of any
vessel having contained poison.
The CORONER —Has any poison been discovered ?
Witness—l believe not.
CORONER—The case was quite hopeless when you
saw it ? 'Witness—Certainly.
CORONER—Did you at thetime suspect the deceased
had taken poison ? Witness—l did not.
William Oliver, the son of the deceased, was then
summoned. He deposed as follows :—I was at home
all Monday last; all the evening. My mother was
with me, and she appeared very well. My father
came home between eight and nine o'clock. They
were both sober. When my father came home he
kicked up a row about some money, and swore at my
mother and scolded her a good deal, but he did not
strike her then. My mother wanted to buy firing,
and my father said he had no money. We all had
some bread and butter and bacon for supper, and they
drank tea with what they ate. I went to bed directly
after I had had my supper. It was after supper that
they quarrelled. I did not see my father put any
powder in the teapot, but he made the tea that night,
which my mother was in the habit of doing. He took
the tea out of a paper, and then threw the paper on the
fire. When my mother tasted the tea she said it was
very nasty. My mother generally poured us out a
small pot full of tea, but on this night my father
poured me and my sister a basin full. My father used
to knock my mother about and beat her frequently,
but I have never heard him threaten to kill her. On
Sunday morning week he threw the stool at her,
when my mother cried a good deal.
By the Coaomta--I never heard my father say
anything about poison, or about getting poison to kill
rats or mice with. My father was very often tipsy.
A gentleman belonging to the parish used to give him
two shillings and four loaves of bread every week. I
used to go about begging with my father.
CORONER—When did your father beat you last ?
Boy—On the night he died.
In answer to further questions, the boy said that
he heard no sound of struggling or blows during the
night, but he heard his mother and father "blowing"
very hard. His father awoke him in the night and
told him that there was a basin of tea and some bread
and bacon in the cupboard, and he might have it, but
he did not drink any. The coke fire went out about
the time it got pitch dark, and they had frequently
burnt it in the same way on cold nights.
Mr. C. B. Emmott, a surgeon at Hounslow, de-
posed that, in consequence of an order he received
from the Coroner, he examined the bodies of the de-
ceased persons. Ipon an external examination, he
found that the body of the woman appeared to have
been forcibly compressed against the bed ; the nose
was flattened, the lips were swollen, and the head
had evidently been forced with great violence upon
the pillow. Upon an internal examination of the
woman he found the lungs very much congested,
the right cavities of the heart full of liquid blood,
and the vessels of the head also very much con-
gested. The stomach contained food—apparently
bread and egg—but it exhibited no appearanc- of
disease, and the mucous membrane was p,rfectly
healthy. There was no trace of poison, and he had
no doubt she died of suffocation from external forc,-..
The inside of the mouth %YR:, cut by the force of the
pressure on the teeth. On examining the body of
the deceased man he found the lungs perfectly
healthy. The stomach was congeged. He sub-
mitted the contents of both the stomachs to the sum',
tests. There was no poison in that of the wotnan,
but he detected arsenic to a considerable extent in
that of the man, and he had no doubt his death was
occasioned by that ingredient.
CORONER—Have you any doubt of that fact ?
Witness—Not the slightest. Every test that was
applied showed the presence of arsenic in the stomach.
The Coroner here made some inquiries relative to
the state of mind of the deceased, but all that could
be clearly ascertained was, that the man was a very
violent, idle pera on, and one witness, a neighbour,
said that his conduct was most brutal to his wife,
and she had often stated that she dreaded to go to bed
with him, and that on Monday night she heard him
say that he would settle her, either that night or some
other time.
Some other confirmatory testimony having been
adduced,

The CORONER said he apprehended there could be
very little doubt tipon the evidence that the unhappy
man had destroyed his wife by suffocating her, and
that he afterwards killed himself.

The jury said ti ley were quite satisfied, and they at
once returned a lin ardict that the woman was wilfully
murdered by her husband, and with regard to the
deceased William Oliver, they returned a verdict of
felo de se.

COMMISSION OF LUNACY.

Yesterday, a commission de lunatics, inquirendo was
held at the Croirn Inn, Twickenham, by Francis
Barlow, Esq., to i nvestigate as to the sanity of Miss
Barbara White, a. maiden lady, 55 years of age, the
sister of Lieutemnt-Colenel White, and neice to the
late Sir John St. ..A.ubin, residing at Selina Cottage,
Twickenham. It r. W. James attended as counsel to
prosecute the ing airy on the part of the immediate
relations of the la dy, and from his statement it ap-
peared that man y years ago symptoms of insanity
began to exhibit t hemselves in the acts of Miss -White,
which had becoen e more decided on the decease of her
mother, who was. burnt to death some years ago. At
her mother's dealt h, Miss White became entitled to
the third part of 6,5001. and an annuity of 1001. a
year, payable ou t of the St. Aubin estates, and sub-
sequently to two small legacies in addition. A pre.
vious commissio: n had been issued in March, 1841,
without the C011543nt of the immediate relatives of the
lady, and on thatt occasion the jury had found tha.
Miss White WitEi of sound mind. The circumstances
of the case had since that time materially changed,
particularly in et egard to the property to which the
unfortunate lady was entitled, and which formed her
only source of hi come; and the mental delusion which
had previously a !Listed had now become so strongly
developed as to r e nder her perfectly incapable of taking
care of herself as her property, and unless some means
were taken for Is er protection, it was possibleshemight
be made the CI upe of some designing individual.
With respect ts her income, the charge to which
he alluded was t his, that she now refused to give any
receipts or vouc b ers for the money paid to her by her
cousin, Mr. St. Aubin, who was the receiver to the
estates out of %xi hich the annuity was payable ; the
consequence of • which was that that gentleman re-
mained liable t a the Court of Chancery for money
which he had le s tually paid, and acting under advice,
he had since de lined to pay over to Miss White any
more money. 'The 6,5001. had been paid into the
Court of Chanc .ry, and the lady's share invested in
Consols and tr. a nsferred to her separate account, and
the result of ,la •er refusing to give any receipts or
vouchers was th a it she was was without money, and
subjected to ver 3 great inconveniences. Under these
circumstances t. h e present writ was issued by Mr.
Little, of the fil• mof Little, Rickards, and Co., of
London, as the e a ecutor of one of the two brothers of
the lady, and as I nolding a power of attorney from the
other; and the F n esent proceedings were taken at the
instance of her 11 earest relatives for the purpose of
throwing round lh er the protection of the Lord Chan-
cellor, who had, ( the report of physicians sent to
examine her, dins ;fed this inquiry to be instituted,
notwithstanding 1 he result of the previous investiga-
tion. The eviid ence which he should submit
to the jury won) 'd show that Miss White lived
alone in a man 3, which she had inhabited ever
since her mother' a death, having a servant, who
did not sleep in the house, to wait on her in the
day time. That si he occupied one room only, keeping
the other apartm nts locked up. That she laboured
under various della sions, one of which was, that seve-
ral persons designa ed to poison her, and mixed poison
with her food; anal )then, that she was subject to what
she termed the Jel ,rish ordeal, a society or club formed
to persecute her. Then she fancied she heard voices
in her room whew she was alone, and that there were
certain subterranet us passages leading from her house
to the Archdeaco a 's, and to the river, which were
used by her eneitt ies to annoy her; and that persons
who were inclined. to befriend her were, on leaving
her house, inveigh% 1 into a room in which was a chair
called a detaining chair, from which they could not
rise until they pro.t nised to abandon her cause, and to
accuse her of haviii mg occasioned her mother's death.
To show that she w as perfectly incapable of managing
her affairs, he sh 1:1* ald prove that on one occasion an
action had been b r ought against her; upon another,
that a distress had been put into her house for rent ;
and on a third, an -execution had been threatened by
the King's tax co' tie atom, and that she had been quite
unable, such was . the state of her mind, to give the
necessary instruc lions for her own protection. As
there had been no disposition of property, the date
from which she might be declared to have been of
unsound mind 1 was immaterial ; any date the jury
might fix upon 'would answer the purpose of her

friends,"viz., to place her under the protection of the
Lord Chancellor.
Elizabeth Hurrell, who had been for the last
twenty months servant to Miss White, gave evidence
as to the various mental delusions mentioned by the
Learned Counsel and many others, of the same cha-
racter; and Dr. Southey, M.D., who had examined
the lady by order of the Lord Chancellor, and Dr.
M. Bury, her own medical attendant, both gave it as
their opinion that she was insane, and perfectly in-
competent to manage herself or her affairs. Some
other evidence having been gone into to show various
acts of insanity, Miss 'White herself was introduced
and examined. She described the various modes of
persecution to which she supposed she was subjected,
by means of the Jewish ordeal; the detaining chair;
the fatuous instrument which she said was used by

LA W INTELLIGENCE,
COURT OF BANKRUPTCY, Dec. 28
(Before Mr. Commissioner GOULB URN.)
THE ROMFORD BANK—JOHNSON AND MANN'S BANK.

RUPTCY—IMPORTANT APPLICATION. _—
Mr. WILKINSON, the solicitor to the assignees in the
bankruptcy of Johnson and Mann, bankers of lionaford,
applied to the Court to name an early day for the pay-
ment of a first and final dividend of 20s. in the pound
on the separate estate of Mann. Mr. Wilkinson said
many of the creditors were for small amounts, and it was
very desirable that they should receive their money with
as little delay as possible. A question had arisen as to
whether a certain portion of Mann's estate belonged to
the joint estate, but after payment of 20s. in the pound
there would be a large surplus remaining.
Mr. Commissioner GOULBURN inquired whether any
of the creditors would be shut out by naming an early
day, some of thorn might reside abroad.
Mr. WILKINSON replied that none of the creditors
under the separate estate resided abroad, and he would
take care the dividend was sufficiently advertised.
The COURT then named the 22d of January for the
declaration of a first and final dividend of 20s. in the
pound on Mann's estate, and the 2d of February for the
first dividend on the general estate, which is expected to
be is. or Bs. in the pound.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.
(SATURDAY.)
GUILDHALL.
James Discery, a cashier in the employ of Messrs.
Meeking and Co., woollen-drapers, on Holborn-hill,
was charged with having embezzled certain moneys,
to the extent of 401., the property of his employers.
The evidence adduced went to show that the pri-
soner was in the habit of receiving all the money
that was taken in the warehouse during the day, and
handing it over to one of the firm at night. His duty
was also to see that parcels were sent home by the
porters, and for those which were not paid for at the
shop, his more especial duty was to see that the por-
ters brought back the amount of the goods, and duly
paid it to On the 19th inst. the porters neglected
to take two packages to the parties who had ordered
them, and the prisoner left the warehouse with them
for the purpose, as was supposed, of taking them
home, and receiving the money due for them. He
did not return, and shortly afterwards it was ascer-
tained that he had delivered the goods, and had ab-
sconded with the amount of their cost, 51., which had
been paid him.
Mr. Humphery, who appeared for the prosecution.
begged that the prisoner might be remanded, as he
was informed that upwards of 301. which had beer:
paid to him by the porters'on account of their em-
ploysrs, had not been accounted for.
The prisoner's solicitor, Mr. Justings, not olfering
any opposition, Alderman Hooper remanded the pri-
soner until Wednesday.
WORSHIP-STREET.
Benjamin Isaacs, a respectable-looking Jew, land-
lord of the Blue Anchor public-house, in Petticoat-
lane, and Elsey Isaacs, his brother's wife, living at a
marine-store-shop in the same neighbourhood, were
brought up for 1.:-examination, upon a charge oe re-
ceiving a piece of new carpet (36 yards), stolen from
Mr. Shepherd, a pawnbroker and salesman in the
City-road, and upon another charge of having felo-
nious possession of a quantity of leather (about 401.
worth), now proved to be the property of Messrs.
Hockbut and Co., of St. Paul's Churchyard.
Mr. Shepherd, it appeared, had been repeatedly,
missing goods from his sale- shop, and at length en-
gaged a policeman, in plain clothes, to watch his
place; but on the very first evening, just after the
policeman had stationed himself in his hiding place,
to watch the premises, the entire piece of carpet in
question was stolen from the front. In the course of
that evening another constable (Conway, of the H
division) went to the house of the prisoner (Mrs.
Isaacs) to search for a coat, said to have been stolen.
The coat was not found, but Conway, seeing the
piece of carpet and a large quantity of new loather,
inquired where they came from. Mrs. Isaacs said
they had been bought at a sale, and left there by two
young men. This account was, of course, deemed
unsatisfactory, and the police took possession of the
property and detained Mrs. Isaacs, whose husband
absconded, and has not since been forthcoming. Ben-
jamin Isaacs, the publican, who was there at the
time, was also detained with her, but subsequently
admitted to bail.
The piece of carpet had already been identified as
the property of Mr. Shepherd. The leather was now
ascertained to be the property of the other prosecu-
tors, and had been stolen from a cart on the way from
St. Paul's to a railway station, for transmission to
the country. That robbery had been committed only
an hour and a half, and the piece of carpet stolen
only two hours before the officers found the property
as above-mentioned.
The MAGISTRATE, after hearing Mr. Vann on the
part of the prisoners, now discharged Benjamin
Isaacs, and liberated the female also upon bail (two
responsible sureties in 50/. each), for her appearance
a week hence.

LAMBETH-STREET.

CLOSING OF THE COURT.—THE COURT POOR-BOX,
AND THE POOR OF THE DISTRICT.—Mr. Norton and
Mr. Henry being both present, the former magis-
trate rose and said that as the public business of that
court was about finally to terminate, he wished to
say a few words with respect to the funds which had
been so kindly forwarded to himself and his respected
colleague, Mr. Henry, for the use of the poor, and to
enable them to alleviate the sufferings of those un-
fortunate beings who were frequently brought before
them. It must be in the recollection of all who heard
him that in every instance where applications were
made for relief this season, that pains had been taken
to ascertain the truth of the represeritatian.i, as well
as the characters of those making them, so that
no impositions should he and he,
Mr. Norton, was happy to sty that he did not
recollect a single instance in which he had to
regret the application of the funds, while on the
other hand he felt that the hi,:nefits conferred by
this mode of administering season, bie assistance
most gratifying,. It was at this court that the
graceful system of giving out work by larue slop
warehouses to one individual at a certain price, and
that person giving it out to others, and each deriving
a profit, so that the poor creatures who had to make
up the work could not obtain a mere subsistence by
their labour, was first expressed. It was at this
court, and in the case of the Misses Reynolds, the
daughters of a distinguished officer, persons brought
up as gentlewomen, that the disgraceful system of re-
quiring persons to make a shirt for three halfpence,
had been exposed as it so justly deserved. In attend-
ing to this case, he was happy to say that with the
kind assistance of the public press, no less a sum than
4001. had been subscribed for the Misses Reynolds,
and these ladies were raised from a state of poverty,
which the wretched pittance allowed them for their
exertions must necessarily entail, to one of, he hoped,
to say, lasting comfort. Having said thus much
as to individual cases, he observed it was
the wish of himself and his colleague, Mr.
Henry, to tender to those benevolent individuals
who had supplied them with the means of doing so
much good an account of their stewardship ; and they
could not do this better than by courting an inspec-
tion of the "poor-box book" which was kept by the
chief clerk, and which could be always seen at the
New Court, Lambeth, by any of the subscribers.
By this book it would be seen that from Christmas,
1843, to the present period, a sum of 2461. 13s. 3d.
had been distributed, and that every entry (which
gave a sufficient account of the manner in which the
money was given as to call the attention of the ma-
gistrates to every case) bore the signature of the ma-
gistrate by whom it was ordered to be given. A
balance, he was happy to say, remained in favour of
the poor-box, and it being the opinion of Mr. Henry
and himself that they should distribute a portion of
this balance amongst the numerous poor of the district,
they had directed that a sum of 501. should be expended
in the purchase of bread, blankets, and coals, and that
these should be distributed by ballot to the deserving
poor, under the superintendence of their own officers.
In conclusion, Mr. Norton said that the management
and distribution of the articles issued had imposed a
new, onerous, and arduous—though he should add
pleasing—duty. The summoning officers had much
additional trouble in making the necessary inquiries
about applicants, and for this additional duty Mr.
Henry and himself had arranged to pay two of the
three summoning-officers a gratuity out of their own
pockets, so that no portion of the past levies should be
touched. Both the magistrates sub,,,equently ex-
pressed their admiration to Mr. Young 'and Mr.
Pierce, superintendents of the K.and_ll divisions of
police, of the manner in which all the officers under

them had invariably discharged their duty, and at the
final closing of the court most of the respected parish
officers, &c., were present.
GLERKEA WELL.
A cabman, named Vaughan, was charged with having
been drunk whilst drivin., his cab on the previous night.
The poor fellow, who has been twelve years a driver,
and never once fined, entreated of the magistrate not to
indorse his licence. He showed the licence, which was,
perhaps what no other cabman could show, without a
speck.
Mr. COMBE generously forgave him, and declined to
indorse his licence.
Poor " cabby" left the court with " flying colours."
Hannah Evans was charged with stealing from her
master 01. in gold, on the 21st of November.
The prisoner was in the employ of a gentleman named
Mills, residing in Aldworth, Staffordsh'

MARKET NE WS.-(SA TURDA.Y.)

COVENT-GARDEN. W arti6
We had only moderate supplies of most (00
while the demand was steady, at very
prices. Potatoes from 3s 6d to 5s 3d per cwt; Tub
2s 6d to 4s ; Carrots, 6s to 7a ; Coleworts,
Greens, 3s to 4s ; and Leeks, Is to 2s per ild;
hunches ; Apples and Pears, 2s to 4s ; Spinach, 2s
,;fie
and Onions, is 9d to 2s 9d per half sieve; 'anj
;
Apples, 82 to lOs Foreign Grapes, 8d to is ;
Filberts and Cobb Nuts, 10d to Is 3d per lb ; n
Is 3d to 2s per dozen ; Horse Radish, 3s to 58 ; Divije ;
2s 3d to 4s ; and Celery, Is to 2s 9d per ban
Oranges and Lemons, 8s to lOs per 100.
NEWGATE AND LELO.DENRAZZ'
We had a very large quantity of both Gaule
Poultry, while the demand sta.'lp

_........tn. Le, btatfort lire, an. great 1 , , •
- - _and was in a sluggish , ifeg
I very irregular prices. Prime Beef, Mutton, so°,lo.
governments for secret purposes ; voices in her room, confidence was reposed in her. On the night of the 21st '
were in steady request, but in all other kinds of me' 0
and monkeys coming down her chimney and stealing ult., she broke open a box in which the money was, and
ceedingle little was Massing. Beef, from 2s 8d to 35_4
her food. She said the reason she had refused to decamped. She managed her flight sohearrtdfiuslly that fcifiat
Mutton. 2. 8d to 3s 8d ; •Veal, 3s 4d to 4s 4d ; an
give receipts for the money which had been paid her longl t timeit wnaos couldtcoluends h e
hbaed
comead t o
Pork, 2s 8d to 3s 10d per Blbs by the carcase.
was, that Mr. St. Aubin wanted her to sign an ac-to Loudon, and es-
uarrested" h house f yl
- ' EIINGERP ORD. rticle9'
knowledgment for 8001., whereas she had only re- terdayeng evening she was in t a o a gent e
There was only a moderate supply of' most
rajas.
man in Frederick-street, Gray's Inn-road, where she had
ceived 460/.
while the general demand ruled steady, at full p
been engaged as servant.
NEWPORT.
The lady having retired, the jury immeliately Mr. COMBE sent her off to Staffordshire in charge of Ver little b • doing,yet the quotation
Very business was
found that "Miss Barbara White was of unsound the police.
were supported. Beef from 2s 6d to 3s 8d ; -''' tyl
mind, and incapable of managing her own affairs, MARLBOROUGH-STREET. 2s 8d to 3s 8d ; Veal, 3s 6d to 4s 4d; and Pork, 25
and had been so since January 1, 1844." 1 Mary Johnson was charged, by Police-contable, No. 57 to 3s 10d per Sibs.
of the C division, with being drunk and disorderly. at a
RILL INGSGATE. whiell
late hour last night, in Regent-street.
The supply of Fish was very small, owing to ~.,;,k,
Mr. HARDWICK asked if the prisoner was known to the quotations, though the trade was by no means ul-
the police ? The constable said she was a common pros- had an upvi and tendency.
titute.
, f
WRITECRALPBX.. 0
Prisoner (very indignantly)—l declare lam not such There was only a moderate quantity dead' s ste,
a character.
; h s Meat offering, yet the demand was in a slugg.tattoa,
Constable—l am certain you are, you walk Lower at our quotations. Beef, from 2s 8d to 3s 8d ; 2'. d
Pork,
218
Regent-street.
2s 8d to 3s 8d ; Veal, 3s 6d to 4s 4d'; and For-, Mr. HARDWICK—I shall commit the defendant to the to 3s 10d per Sibs.
House of Correction, to hard labour, for one week.
Prisoner (bursting into a passionate flood of tears)—
Oh, my God, this is false ! My father is a respectable
tradesman, living in this neighbourhood ; I am residing
with him, and can send for him in a few minutes. The
neighbours will all come forward, and prove that I am a
respectable female.
The prisoner was however removed by the gaolor to
the lock-up cells, with her assertions unheeded.
UNION HALL.
john Mahoney, an apprentice to Mr. Dunkin, the ex-
tensive engineer, of the Blue Anchor-road, Bermondsey,
was charged with robbing his employer of a consider-
able quantity of brass-work.
The discovery of the prisoner's dishonesty arose from
the circumstance of his jacket being found in the engine-
room, with several brass articles of considerable value,
which were broken for the purpose of being made port-
able, so as to carry off the premises without observation.
When he was called into the counting-house to explain
the matter, it was then found that he had several other
brass articles concealed in his trousers and beneath his
waistcoat.
The foreman said, that it was incalculable the losses
sustained by the complainant, owing to the destruction
of the brass-work, all of which belonged to steam-
engine apparatus.
Mr. TRAILL said he should commit the prisoner for
trial, but that he should be brought up again on Monday

MARYLEBONE VESTRY.

- - •- - The Clerk of the Vestry was not present on= Saturday
when the chair was taken at eleven o'clock, the usual
hour of meeting, but Mr. Watts explained to the Vestry
rthat he had received a note from the clerk, stating that
I he could not attend in consequence of a sudden indispo-
siG •n, and requesting him, Mr. Watts, to act in his place.
After reading the report of last week; Mr. WATTS
stated that he had in the course of the morning received
the news of the death of the rate-collector, and that a
sum of money had been transmitted to him, Mr. Watts,
by that gentleman's daughter, which had been collected
by him during the week.
A VESTRYMAN proposed the formation of a Commit-
tee to examine the candidates for the now vacant office
of rate-collector, and to recommend to the Vestry those
whom they thought best fitted for that office, t!lat the
Vestry might elect one from amongst them.
Another GENTLF.MAN thought that this motion ought
not to be made until the off ee Way: officially declared tc
be vacant.

BREAD. litsN
The prices of wheaten Bread in the Metropo
from 7d to lid ; of household ditto, 54d to so per'
lb
loaf.

Mr. k'S-0A MES thought that the statement made by Mr.
Watt,.l was an official declaration that the office- ~;as
vacant.

A VESTRYMAN moved that the office be declared to he
vacant, and thi.:t a Committee be appointed to Cxamini,
the candidates fur the office.—The motion was cal tied.
Mr. WATTS then r, ,d the report of t-!: ColniCittet'
pointed on the 24th of December, 1844. to inquile into
the necessity for causing t new curtain to be placed k
the organ-loft of All Souls Church, vnd also of Tow rods
for another curtain in the same church. The Conimittte
were of opinion that these article,; Were necessary. And
that the cost would be about 501.

BIDE WZAZIEET. A hirer°
Rawhides at per stone of 141bs.—Best steers gnu-J-lin.
5s 6d to 5s 10d ; middling hides, 4s 6d to 56 4" at
terior hides, 4s 2d to 4s 4d. Sheep and calf skinsio
per skin—Market calf, 6s 6d to 8s ; long "Q
sheep, 2s 9d to 3s 9d ; short ditto, 2s 3d to 3s 3d.
HILT 71411.37ULETS 7
SmirnfiELD.—Coarse Meadow Hay, 31 lOs to to
161
Useful ditto, 4117 s to 51 4s ; fine Upland ditto, 5157
Si 103 ; Clover Hay, 4/ lOs to 61; Oat Straw, 11140
I/ 163 ; Wheat Straw, 1/ 16s to 1/ 18s per load. SilP
tolerably good, and trade rather dull. 155;
CCUMBERLAND.—Coarse Meadow Hay, 3/ 123 to 411
Useful ditto, 4/ 16s to 5/ 5s ; fine Upland ditto, 515157
51 12s ; Clover Hay, 4/10s to 5/18s ; Oat StraW,l'oni
to 1/ IBs ; Wheat Straw, 1118 s to 0/ per load. 13°1"
and Straw were in fair request, at full prices. diBSl
WRITECHAPEU—Coarse Meadow Hay, 31143 to "I', p
Useful ditto, 5/ Os to Si 4s ; fine Upland ditto, 5,1: to
51 lOs ; Clover Hay, 41107 to 6/ Os; Oat Straw,l
1117 s; Wheat Straw, 1/ 18s to 1/ 19s per load.
average supply, and a steady demand.

eet'
THE NEW MEDICAL BILL.—On Friday In, nci
g of the Associated Aooi.i.ecaries' Society of En, g`lac-
and Wales, formed in the year 1814, and medical pr's"
tilioner,i generally, was held at the Crown and All s
Tavern, rand, to take into eonsiderati,‘n the provisionk of
of Sir Jani,. Graham's Medical ; Mr. morra.
they
Chelsea, in the chair. The chairman remarked that the'
had been called together to take measures for 0111 the
Bill which, if passed into a law, would utterly lir.) ID.
class of practitioners to which he belonged•—(Eles d •
to founsent
order to meet this evil, it had been advinable
the present
college which would embrace the whole of
legally
.qualified practitioners, and in which they sh
be their own governors. Mr. Fuller, of Piccadli
moved a resolution affirming the necessity of opposing
the re-introduction of Sir James Graham's Bill, sr
repudiating any legislation that did not ensure to We
medical profession a sound education to the practitioner.
and adequte protection to the public. The fact, 111,
thought, of Sir James Graham having brought his Bi°
in Parliament, and of having withdrawn it before ths
close of the session, was an evidence of his earnest de-
sire to do good by allowing adequate discussion. Bid
uniting sauveter en modo with the fodder in re the;
would certainly defeat the BilL Mr. Wooley, of Brolor
ton, seconded the resolution, and spoke in highly ealo'
gistic terms of the Act of 1815. The effect, however'
of Sir James Graham's Bill would be quite the revery''
as it would tend to lower the education of the generf
practitioner, and to put him on the same fooungr,
the druggist. Even Sir James Graham's footman
might, after the passing of this Bill, set up
essi';
a surgeon, and thus a vast amount of
upon the public, The proper object of
profesain
should be to eevate, not to- degrade,the
found a.
and the best plan they could adopt would be to or
motion
college such as that adverted to ; and on the
Mr. Semple, seconded by Dr. Warnsburgh, it was gglretey,
that measures should be forthwith taken by the sonleti.,
in combination with other branches of medical Pritte...
tioners, for the establishment of a new college.
Warnsburgh thought that the old proverb -would no/
realised, and that medical men might congratulate tip,
selves on the fact that, e.r malo bonum dares.-0490
leingiisserY'attoben no:
hear.) This resolution being carried, it was suggee
that the society should unite with the recently torS2_,.
National Society of General Practitioners of Medic;
Surgery, and Midwifery, and a special meeting is to s
called to take the subject into consideration. Aftec
vote of thanks to the chairman the meeting separated'
' an
THE WEATHER.—The frost has given way
ced
been succeeded by a thaw. The fog, which conno,en
on Thursday afternoon, has continued, with little alters"
is
tion, ever since ; and on Friday evening it was so
that travelling was rendered both difficult and danger'i,..
Although the frost has relaxed, the temperature is un.
sually cold, owing, doubtless, to the prevailing 11°.,r`dr,,..
easterly winds. At six o'clock in the evening the the
meter at the dockmaster's office, St. Katherine's, stood se
86 degrees. The barometer is falling to
river on Friday afternoon became so dense as wholii -
suspend the navigation, and last night several stet d,
packets from the Continent, as well- a. s 'PfirhoemfoSeeg
Ilan
were overdue. In the forenoon the Greenwi::h.
wich, and Gravesend steamers were runnin s
g—
g. a
hat only at Glimmer speed, to guard againstat!e'delits.
They appeared to he 1401 MIA with holvdav passeagers;
The Duke and Duchess of Buceleitch and rud.th";
I'd family are passing Christioasat Dulk, iii: Palace.
N.ble Duke provided the indigent in the neighbourh
of his princely domain with the
wear.s of enjoYiegof
',;•ippy Christmas, A petition, signed by about 1,1'40
reifilisibitunt• of Yarrow, dear Selkirk, to grant
to build a free church, has been refused III"

WAKEFIELD CORN MARKET.—FREDIISote
The millers purchase Wheat only for their inunte Eo
d
wants, as more extensive supplies are daily exPee, rgel
arrive, consequently the business done has not beell;La,
and barely as good prices as last week have been ren-os
The Barley trade is very heavy, and a small recl°,,eibet
in price has been submitted to, to effect sales..
articles of the trade are slow sale, without material
ration in value.

bl4O
Per qr. of 601 b. to thel,4,
ExTILL 45 $011.4
Wheat Suablk, Essex, and Kent..„ Red-. -to 48 0
~, 49
Ditto ditto White.: - oh 41 ie
N0rf01k.......... .......... ........ Red 40 - .'
Ditto ditto . „ White... - 5L2 4.‘ a
Lincolnshire and Cambridge Red - 4°.„ 47 'a
Ditto ditt0........„.. White...-. ow I '-
Yorkshire Red 45 4 I
Ditto ditto White... --, 51 41 .e-
Fore.gti ft, - a av
4f__o,
Ditto ditto White... - 52
Per quar,r iP.lc-35
Barley: Norfolk anil Soffolt ...... . .... - 27 31 ;-.0
Yorksh,,.... a'.d I.ifico,D*,,,, ..... .....
- ......
- ""-
__ 0 .-1
a.
Grinding
- ft,- ) ri.
ForeigE... ..... ..................... .......... • - -h' bi}'l47
Per qr .• 1631 b. t'l '-'s4 il
3esnl, Small r,ri 2 ... . 43 -
Tici,s .....» ........................... ... ........ "..............." - 41 il,cl 41)
F0reign............... ..... : ..... --........-" ...... - 42 .."' ,
(14t6, 1',4..t0 a fl Pola:.ci .... ...„....„,
M- .lion. lnd to 12d,, Ferciti, 101 to 121. Pei :::.4.,d,
S9!iirtc .............. ......... '5 - •2`' Od. per ''' a
. ........ .......,... ~ :;,.. i , ,
Jr L,•
Malt
.... ..... .... •.1- firtc 13' p'.. Lot-
11''''',,ce...,-. ...... ,.....,.. ,e31.0i ..!:-,(.t1t,., -1. 0:4- :'''

Mr. Gomm rose and said, I should very much wish to
ask some gentleman of the Committee, or some person
connected with All Souls Church, whether there is any-
thing more required there ?—(A laugh.)
A MEMBER of the Committee said that there was, that
when then the Committee were examining the organ-
loft, they were told by the clergyman, that there was
another curtain which was in a very bad state. The
expense of placing a new curtain there would be much
more than the expense of those repairs into the neces-
sity of which the Committee had been appointed to
inquire •

Mr. Gomm proposed that the report be returned to
the Committee, in order that they might state the nature
and expense of all the repairs required in the church.
Mr. SOANES said that in his opinion this was a ques-
tion of pound shillings and pence. If the draught,
owing to the imperfect state of these curtains, rendered
the pews uncomfortable, no one would be willing to rent
those pews, so that if the Vestry would aot cause the
repairs to be made, they must part with their pew-
renters.

After much discussion, Mr. Gomm's motion was car•
tied by a show of hands.

The Earl and Countess of Gainsborough have re-
cently sent 20L to the Oakham and Barleythorpe clothing
club, and last week 201. to the poor of those places, as
well as 201. to the Uppingham poor.
A SAPIENT JURYMAN.-011 Friday, Mr. Baker
held an inquest at the Horn of Plenty, Globe-road,
Mile-end-road, on the body of John Giles, aged thirty-
eight years. An inmate of the Stepney union work-
house, Mary Ann Howard, one of the nurses, deposed
that in the month of October last deceased, who was an
agricultural labourer, was admitted to the house as a
casual pauper. Being afflicted with ulcers in his legs,
Mr. Simon, the master of the workhouse, kindly retained
him in the house, and he was placed under the care of
Mr. Storey, the parochial surgeon. Deceased was not
placed to any work, but assistance being required
in the fever ward, he voluntarily became the at-
tendant upon the sick. On Christmas-day last he was
himself seized with sickness. He complained of being
cold. Mr. Storey ordered him some gin and water.
Deceased had subsequently some tea given to him. A
Juror—Can you tell met whether it was " Souchong" or
" Bohea?"—(Loud laughter, in which the Court joined.)
Another Juror—l think it is of very little consequence
whether it was souchong or bohea. Witnoss--I know
it was tea, but of what quality I know not. Deceased
soon afterwards died. Mr. Storey, surgeon, said that he
attributed death to fever. Mr. Simon, the master of the
workhouse, said tfe-re were at pre.ent fourteen cases of
typhus and scarlet fever in the house. The house was
the receptacle of all infectious cases of the parish. The
juror above referred to made so many ohsPrvations upon
th, evidence that his brother j-ryineli w. re convulsed
with haiehtc.e. rdict—" Natural death from fever."
FATAL ACCIDENT AT THE ROYAL STANDARD.—
_ __ _

On Friday afier;ooa Mr. Paywe the, Coroner for the
City, held an inquost itt St. Bartholomew'. Ilespital, 411
the bodv of Henry Marsden Miller, aged 20. son of Mr.
Miller, hnilder, of rho Kings:and-read. who inifortu-
eately caree by his death from t4ecidentaily falliotr froni
the inside of the root' of the Royal Standard Theatre
into Bic; pit, a di,fanee of sixty feet, by which he met
with fa compound fr,clure of tin' left thigh, and oth,r
injuries, which eau'-,d hizt death. From the evidence
!aidueeki before the Coroner, it appear..,4l that the de-
ceased wit!, an apprentice to Sfr< Johnson, builder, of
'fooley-street, Borough, ,e1:0 is engaged in rebuilding
the Royal Standard Theatre, in Norton Folgafe. On
the 10th inst. the deceased was eccupied in ornamenting
the ceiling, and was assisting in erecting scaffolding for
that purpose. In order to let himself down from the
ceiling with greater facility, the deceased had taken up a
strap and cord for that purpose, and was endeavouring
to hook the strap to a fastening in the scaffolding, which
he unfortunately missed. The deceased was then ob-
served to be hanging on with his hands by a pole, and
was calling out for help. s[n this frightful position he re-
mained about a minute and a half, when he let go his
hold ; in his fall his right foot came in contact with a
stove ; he then rebounded from the stove and fell heavily
into the pit on some mortar. The deceased was imme-
diately placed on a shutter and taken to the hospital.
Mr. Reid, one of the house surgeons, stated that it was
necessary that amputation of the thigh should take place
immediately the deceased was brought to the hospital,
which was accordingly performed by Mr. Lawrence. So
small a part of the stump was left, that great haemorrhage
took place,
' and the deceased never rallied after the ope-
ration, which was most skilfully performed. The father
of the deceased said he was in the theatre at the time,
and was satisfied that the unfortunate circumstance was
purely accidental, and no blame attached to any person.
Verdict—" Accidental death."

SUDDEN DEATH OF A FEMALE.—On boxing night
a young woman named Mary Wilkinson, who resided at
No. 4, Fashion-street, Dockhead, left her home about
half-past five o'clock, with the intention of going to
the Victoria Theatre, where she had appointed to
meet two young men of her acquaintance. On her
way she met a young woman whom she knew, who re-
quested to be allowed to accompany her, to which the
deceased complied, and as they went along she purchased
some pears, of which deceased ate one. She soon after

• t
The Earl of Aberdeen has been elected presule;
,and the Duke of Richmond, the Duke of Sutherland, Iv,
EArl o, Errol, the Earl of Seafield, and Viscount Arb,l,ltfor
not, vire-presidents, 41 f the Aberdeen Spalding Club
he ensuing year.
• Between eight and nine o'clock on Monday Ing t
a stack of wood, of very large dimensions, contail.
several thousand faggots, situate by the road-side ne
Saw bridgeworth, in Hera, was discovered to be on Ain:
and after a short time it was completely destrolt;
The stack was the property of Mr. Barnard, rnalts,rtle:
and there is little doubt it was wilfully set on are. Le
conflagration was distinctly observed here.— Chelos.l'
Chronicle.

BIRTHS. On Thursday morning, the 26th inst., at her resider,ost
04
Holton, of a daughter still-born, the wife of Mr.
W. Burgess, Secretary to the Lansdown Statistical Society'
of
On the 21st inst., at Clifden-park, Hampshire, the 101 l
R. P. Chapman, Esq., of a son and heir. On the 23d inst., at Ince Blundell Hall, Lancashire, the
lady of T. W. Blundell, of a son and heir.
On the 24th inst., Mr. William Ridge, of Crossrstre
Islington, of a daughter.
On the 25th inst., at Lincoln, the lady of F. Suttfont Fj44
(late Captain 11th Hussars), of twins, a son and daughter' of
On the 26th inst., at Brighton, Mrs. C. P. BautleYf
Westbourne-terrace, Hyde Park-gardens, of a son.
On the 26th inst., in Harley-street, Mrs. Henry Hancpekr
of a son, still-born.
On the 27th inst., in the Strand, Mrs. Charles Farloirt - ti
daughter.

MARRIED.
On the 19th inst., in the Cathedral Churcl7"-grlisburT,l"
J. Phillitnore, Esq.' D.C.L., to Charlotte Anne, youag
daughter of the late John Denison, Esq., Ossington, Nott s•
On the 26th inst., at St. George's Church, Hanover-floitlAr*
Mr. William Hurry, jun., of lianelagh-street, Pinl.l-e°' to
Diana Jane Taylor of George-street, Portman-sr aare.

complained of great pain in her stomach and bowels, and
vomitted freely. After which she crawled homewards,
as far as Rowland Hill's Chapel, where, according to
the statement of her companion, she lay, for at least
three-quarters of an hour, in the greatest agony. Some
humane persons carried her to the surgery of Messrs.
Brady, Blsckfriars-road, who paid every attention that
skill could suggest. After remaining there for two
hours, at her own request she was removed to her own
home, where during the night she died, and her body
awaits a Coroner's inquest.
EFFECTS OF PUSEYIS➢I.—As a proof of the state to
hieh Mr. Blunt has brought matters at He:Bton, on

DIED.
On the 4th inst., Mary Ann, the wife. of Mr. Thomas Shy'
of Tibberton-square, Islington. On the 14th inst., at Rose-hill, near Oxford, the only 542 tit
.
of Major and Mrs. Mahon, of Strokestown Hout3e, Ruw-
.
common, aged 13.
On the 19th inst., Mr. Henry M. Wood, second s()n of tr.•
late Mr. Thomas Wood, of Portugal-street, Lincohes ItsP
fields.

On the 20th inst., Mr. Thomas Townes, of Manar
street, Gray's Inn. road.
On the 21st inst., Mr. J. Jeffery, of College-greer4, 4toi•
On the 22c1 inst., Mr. Henry Coleman, late of Uollovri of
On the 23d inst., at Camberwell, Emma Hiscox,
John Tanner, Esq., aged 84.
On the 23d inst., in Windsor-terrace, Clifton, Mazy, dal 411-
ter of the late Captain Young, R.N., aged 65.

Sunday morning last the three galleries of the church
contained but one adult person besides the organist,
although capable of containing two hundred and fifty ;
and yet the Bishop says that such men as the curate of
lleiston are not thw least stiecesful of the lalr.ourers
Christ's vineyard 1— Weet Briton.

London ; Printed and Pablisted by MURDO YOUNG
No. 112, Strand, Printer, at T/ Sun (Mice, No. 1 91
Str4,l,i, in th# Precinct. the Savoy, in the Cessty
Middlesex, Monday, December 30, 1844.