The Sun.
London, England, 1844-03-29 00:00:00

ADVERTISEMENTS INSERTED in ALL THE THREE PAPERS, Morning, Noon, and Night, thereby insuring a TOWN and COUNTRY CIRCULATION, at ONE CHARGE.

4RTISTS' GENERAL BENEVOLENT
INSTITUTION.

For the Relief of Decayed Artists, their Widows and Orphans.
Instituted 1814. Incorporated by Royal Charter 1842.
Under the Immediate Protection of her Most Excellent Majesty

THE QUEEN.
PATRON—His Royal Highness PRINCE ALBERT, K.G.
VICE-PATRONS.
HIS Grace the Duke of Buccleuch, K.G.
His Grace the Duke of Devonshire, K.G.
His Grace the Duke of Sutherland, K.G.
Most Noble the Marquis of Lansdowne, K.G.
Most Noble the Marquis of Westminster, K.G.
Right Hon. the Earl of Shrewsbury.
Right lion. the Earl of Dartmouth.
Right lion. Earl De Grey.
Right lion. Lord Lyndhurst.
Sir John Swinburne, Bart.
Sir Thomas Baring, Bart.
Sir George Philips, Bart.
Wm. J. Denison, Esq., M.P.
Joseph Neeld, Esq., M.P.
Jesse Watts Russell.
PIREDENT--Sir MARTIN ARCHER SHEE, P.R.A.
VICE-PRESIDENTS.
Thomas Phillips, Esq., R.A. Thomas Uwins, Esq., R.A.
Sir Robert Smirke, R.A. B. Bond Cabbell, Esq.
Sir Richard Westmacott, R.A. William l3rockeudon, Esq.
C. E. Cockerel], Esq., R.A. J. H. Mann, Esq,
George Jones, Esq., R.A. Andrew Robertson, Esq.
J. P. Deering, Esq., R.I. Sir William C. Ross, R.A.
The Nobility, Friends, and Subscribers are respectfully informed
that the TWENTY-NINTH ANNIVERSARY FESTIVAL will be
celebrated in FREEMASONS' HALL, on SATURDAY, the 30th
instant.

Sir ROBERT HARRY INGLIS, Bart., M.P., in the Chair.
STEWARDS.

John Armstrong, Esq.
George W. Baker, Esq.
Charles Barry, Esq., R.A.
J. C: Broder, Esq.
John Burrell, Esq.
F. S. Cary, Eaq.
William Day, Eaq.
John Diekenso.n, Esq.
James Dorington, Esq.
William Fisher, Esq.
Thomas H. Midge, Eeq.

Joseph Jennings, Esq.
Charles Knight, Esq..
Henry Mesely, Esq.
Henry O'Neil, Esq.
Charles Runciman, Esq.
Edwin D. smith, Esq.
Joseph Severn, Esq.
W. B. Ss.rstield Taylor, Esq.
Richard Twentyman, Esq.
Henry Weekes, Esq.
George Woolcott, Esq.
at Six precisely.
'the Stewards ; of Charles Fowler,
don-square ; and of the Assistant-
!gent's-park.
ROPER, Assistant-Secretary.

Dthiler o-a
Table

Tlekets, 1/. is. each, to be had of
Esq., Honorary Secretary, 1, Ger(
Secretary, 14, Osnaburgh-street, Re
WILLIAM JOHN

THE NEXT DISTRIBUTION OF MONEY
DIVIDENDS AUTHORISED and GUARANTEED by HIS
MAJESTY the EMPEROR of AUSTRIA contains Money Dividends
of— £6B £7O £72 £BO £9O

£llO £llO £l2O £l5O £2OO
£251 £3OO £5OO £606 £750
£l,OOO £1,206 £1,750 £4,000 & £21,000
Amounting together to £154,300 sterllng. _

This Distribution contains as =sty Dividends as Bonds. Every
Bond a Dividend!
Smallest Dividend - - £6l
Largest Dividend - - £21,000
Direct for Prospectus, wits fall particular., without delay to
HEINS BROTHERS, at Hamburgh.
Or to HEINE BROTHERS, at Lubeck.

LINCOLN AND WAKEFIELD RAILWAY.
The PROVISIONAL COMMITTEE beg to announce that the
WHOLE of the SHARES in this UNDERTAKING have been ap-
plied for, and will be allotted after the sth of April, with due consi-
deration to local and other interests involved.
The Committee have also the satisfaction of stating that they have
made arrangements for investing the amount of deposit at an interest
of 3 per Cent. per annum, until it is lodged with the Accountant-
General next year, in accordance with the Ctauding Orders of Par-
lament.

WM. ENTWISLE,
Chairman of the Provisional Committee, pro. tem.

PROVIDENT LIFE OFFICE, 50, REGENT-
STREET, FEB. 15, 1844.

BONUSES DECLARED, b 29,3061. 17s. 7d.

Notice is hereby given, that all persons who hold Policies in this
Office, bearing date prior to the year 1834, may receive the present
value of the Bonuses which have been added to their Policies, upon
application at the Head Office, or to the Agents through whore the
Policies were issued. GEORGB BEAUMONT, Actuary

NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUR-
ANCE SOCIETY,
26, CORNIIILL, LONDON.
Capital .£500,000.
Empowered by Act of Parliament.

The many novel and varied advantages bestowed by this Institu-
tion, botk in its life assurance and deferred annuity departments, par-
ticularly the power te borrow two-thirds of premiums without ex-
pense or korfeitere—the great reduction of rates en short policies—
the option of selecting benefits and converting policies so as best to
suit the interest or necessity of the policy-holder during life, as well
as te afford the fall benefit to his family at death, and annual division
of profits, have already been so well appreciated by the public, that
the Society's great success and growing prosperity, enabled tho Di-
rectors, at their General Meeting in May last, to add to each volley
on the profit scale a bonus averaging fifty-five per cent. on the
amount already invested; and this berms, according te an equitable
scale, may either be paid in cash, or applied in reduction of future
premiums

Another Bonito will be declared le the present year.

DLFERRY) AtiNIIITIBB.

The best and most varied provision for after-life hitherto offered—
every 21. 12s. per annum, paid from the age of twenty, will, at sixty-
/lye, give the ➢olicy-holder the choice of an annuity of 471. 16s. id.,
or 3491. I Is. cash, or policy at death of 4661. Similar advantages at
fifty, fifty-five, and sixty, through an increased annual payment—
two-thirds payments lent at any time, and two-thirds retorned to re-
preseatatiyes in cases of premature deatk.
F. FERGUMON CAMEOUX, Sea.

DISEASED AND IIEALTLIT LIVES ASSURED.
MEDICAL, INVALID, AND GENERAL
LIFE OFFICE.

25, PALL-MALL, LONDON.
Capital, £500,000.
This Office is provided with very accurately constructed Tables, by
which it can ASSURE DISEASED LITES on Equitable Terms.
The Extra Premium discontinued on restoration of the Assured to
permanent health.

INCREASED ANNUITIES granted on unsound Lives, the amount
varying with the particular disease.

Members of CONSUMPTIVE FAMILIES assured at Equitable
Rates.

/IF:ALTRI LIVES are Assured at Lower Rates than at most
otker offices.

Policies of twel're months' standing are not affected by Suicides,
Duelling, &c. ; and Assigned Policies are valid from the date of the
Policy should death ensue from any of these causes.
F. G. P. NELSON, Actuary.

AUSTRALASIAN, COLONIAL, and GENE-
RAL LIFE ASSURANCID and ANNUITY COMPANY,
126, Biskopiegate-street, collier of Cornhill.
Capital 200,0001., in 2,000 Shares.
DIRECTORS.

Edward Barnard, Esq., F.R.S. Gideon Colquhoun, Esq.
Robert Brooks, Esq. Charles E. Mangles, Esq.
rlenry Buckle, Esq. Richard Onslow, Esq.
Jelin Henry Capper, Esq. William Walker, Esq.
BANKERS-13uIon Bank of London.
COLONIAL BANES/CS—The Bank of Australasia (Incorporated bylltoyal
Charter, 1833), No. 2, Moorgate-street.
Sommoas—Messrs. Maples, Name, Stevens, and Co.
PUTSICIAN—Dr. Fraser, 62, Guildford-street, Russell-square.
SECRETART—Edward Ityley, Esq.
ASSURANCES may be effected with this Company at unusually
favourable rates, affording every variety of accommodation to the
assured. Participation in profits, ascending and descending scales of
premium, permission to retain one-third of the premium, which is
charged as a debt against the policy, tables for the assurance of a
sum payable In the event of death to the executors of the assured, or
to himself upon the attainment of the ages of 45, 50, or 60.
TO EMIGRANTS, TO THIA AUSTRALASIAN COLONIES in
particular, who are assured for the whole term Of life, tkis Company
offers the advantages of permission to proceed to, to reside in, and to
return from those colonies without extra premium ; and to pay their
premiums there.

LONDON ON A SPRING DAY
Spring ! spring I beautiful spring!
Welcome, thrice welcome to thee,
For thou bringest a sunshine to every young heart,
And all hail thy presence with glee.
The flow'rets peep up as to kiss thy young face,
And nature smiles sweetly on thee,
For thou bringest a sunshine to every young heart,
And all hail thy presence with glee.
There is no place in England where the sprang is hailed with greater
signs of satisfaction than in London, and after the inclemency of a
dark, dreary, miserable winter, it has a thrice happier effect, for then
every one welcomes it as the harbinger of joy, gladness, hope, and
sunshine, and, in the language of the poet—
There is not a bosom but offerings will bring,
And welcome with gladness the bright rosy spring.
Now is promenading the streets of London, it is a most delightful
feature to witness so many happy faces, and to see the ladies adorned,
not only with the smile of loveliness, but likewise with all the novel.
ties which this season produces; the gentlemen likewise promenade
ita all the newest fashions which are out, and to them it must be a
source of the highest gratification to find that L. HY AM, :in, Grace-
chureh-street, London, has provided the most magnificent displarof
fashions ever yet introduced to the connoisseurs in dress. Ever
anxious to prove himself worthy of the splendid support tendered to
elm at the loe-eot aospieioua season of the yen. ' has increased
every arrangement so as to meet with tae uo,toienous approval of an
enlightened and liberal public ; in fact, tio one can gaze on his mag-
nificent stock witnout exclaiming—
All hail to such n'ivelties, bright their success,
As gems of great beauty they're foremost iii dress :
Such colours, such elegance, taste too combine.
That Fashion holds Court at Hymn's famed shrine.
Branch Establishments—Market-street, Manchester; 2.1, New.
street, Birmingham • f 3, and 65, Lo-d
-street, Liverpool; 9, Briggate,
Leeds; 42, Wine-street, Bristol; 120, Argyll.street, A book, con-
taining lists of prices, can be had on application at the Pantech-
netheca, 36, Oracechurch.street,

THE MARCH OF IMPROVEMENT.
Whatever we look on—wherever we turn,
" The March of Improvement" we daily discern.
Through the mighty advances of Science and Art,
New inventions are seen, while the old ones depart ;
But " the March of Improvement" is chiefly display'd,
By MOSES and SON in their movements in trade.
Their mighty achievements assume such a cast,
As completely outrivals the present and past.
There are many surprising improvements—but none
To equal the wonders of MOSES and SON.
The flag of their glory is daily unfimPe,
And the trump of their fame is arousing the world.
If any should doubt what these verses express,
Let them think of their warehouse—their offers in dress—.
Let them look at the fashions their show-rooms unfold—
Let them think of the prices for which they are sold,
Let them think of the thousands at home and abroad,
Who share in the good which the MOSES' afford—
And then they'll acknowledge (as millions have done),
That the rival improvements are " MOSES and SON."
READY MADE. X S. d.
Taglionls, velvet collar and culls, lined throughout from 09 0
Heaver Chesterfield, velvet collars and cuffs, litto ...from 010 6
Codringtens, Peltos, York Wrappers, &c., handsomely
trimmed rrom 0 15
Warm Winter Trousers, linen frogs I 4 6
Any pattern, Doeskin, ditto from 0 9
Double-breasted Winter Vests from (1 3 6
Dress Coals edged ........... from 1 • 0
ditto ..... ........ from I 4 0

Ae in na
lc e and material,
MAD
mostE I
approved
rat. sry - -
Winter Coats of the
trimmed in the most fashionable style
Doubled Milled Tweed Wrappers, lined ..... from 1 5 o
from
Trousers of the newest fabric
.
Or Tnree Pairs from u 10 6
for
Winter Waistcoats, in endless variety
of material and 1 ii
o
pattern ...............
Dress Coats ................. .. ................. from 1 12 i 1
The beat manufacture ....... .. .fro:r 2 15
Mourning to any extent can be had at five minutes' notice,o
following prices :__ at the
Men's Suits, dress coat, vest, and trousers from 1 16 0
Boys' ditto, jacket, vest, and trousers . from 0 18 e
N.B. Any article purchased or ordered, if not approved of, -,, ex.
changed, or the money returned.
Carrtex.—E. Moses and Son regret being obliged to guard the
public against imposition, as they learn that the untradesmanlike
falsehood of being connected with them, or it's the same siteern,
has been resorted to tit many instances,
.and for obvious reasons.
Tney have no connexion whatever with any etherld cal l estalish
end ment,
and those wko desire genuine Cheap Clothing shou bor sto
154, Minories, to guard against disappointment, &c.
Observe--E. MOSES and SON,Tailors, Wholesale Woolen Drapers,
and Outfitters, IU, 2dinories, and SO, Aldgate,

WILSO N'S SCOTTISH ENTERTAIN-
MENTS,
MUSIC-HALL, STORE-STREET, BEDFORD-SQUARE.
On MONDAY EVENING, APRIL 1, at Eight o'clock,
MR. WILSON will give his SECOND SELECTED ENTERTAIN-
MENT ON THE SONGS OF SCOTLAND.
Part I.—" 0 weel may tile Boatie row."—" Logic a' Buchan."—
"An thou wert my sin thing."—" Bide ye yet."—" What ails this
heart o' mine ?"—" Woo'd and married and a'."—" My bonny Lizzie
Baillie."—Old Ballad, " Muirland Willie."
Part II.—" The Flowers o' the Forest."—" We're a' noddin."—
" Come under my plaidie."—" My Mither's aye glowrin' o'er me."—
" Moly and fairly."—Old Ballad, " Get up, and bar the door."
Pianoforte, Mr. LAND.
Fr•nt Seats, 2s. Gd. ; Back Seats, 25.; Private Boxes for Six, 155.;
for Eight, 11. Programmes and Tickets may be had at the Music-
shops, and at the Music-hall.
• On Easter Monday, " THE HIGHLAND ENTERTAINMENT."
In the Press, the MUSIC in MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS.
Mr. WILSON will, in tha course of the season, produce the follow-
ing, which he has had some time in preparation :—Jacobite Relics—
Wandering Willie's Wallet—The Jameses of Scotland—The Wallace
and the Bruce—A Haiver wi' Jamie Hogg.

ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
The various ARTIFICIAL LIGHTS in Ancient and Modem
Use are familiarly explained by Dr. Ryan, at Two o'clock daily ,
illustrated by the LAMP of the ANCIENTS. the FIRST IMPROVE-
MENT by ARGAND, the BUDE, the DRUMMOND, the BOCCIUS,
PBOFESSOR FARADAY'S, the PELLETAN, the CAMPHINE
LIGHTS, New FRENCH LAMP, BEALE'S LAMP, &c., &c.
ARMSTRONG'S HYDRO-ELECTRIC MACHINE at Three o'clock
and at Eight in the Evenings. NEW DISSOLVING VIEWS,
DIVER and DIVING BELL. Various NOVELTIES, which are
in preparation for the EASTER HOLIDAYS, will be announced in a
few days. . _ _

LAVATER'S PHYSIOGNOMY ABRIDGED,

In a handsome Volume, duodecimo, embellished with several Engrave

ings, price 45., bound in cloth,
PHYSIOGNOMY ; or, the Corresponding Ana-
logy between the Conformation of the Features and the Ruling
Passions of the Mind. Translated from the original work of J. C.
LAVATER. The Twentieth Edition, embellished with Seven En-
gravings.

_ ..
" Physiognomy is reading the hand-writing of nature upon the
human countenance."
London : printed for Thomas Tegg, 73, Cheapside.

BUTLER'S ANALOGY OF RELIGION, WITH INDEX.
In a handsome Volume, Bvo., with large Type, price 6s. in cloth,
THI. ANALOGY of RELIGION, NATURAL
and REVEALED, to the CONSTITUTION and COURSE of
NATURE. By JOSEPH BUTLER, D.C.L., late Lord Bishop of
Durham. With a Preface, giving some Account of the Character
and Writings of the Author, by SAMUEL HALIFAX, D.D., late
Lord Bishop of Gloucester. A New and Revised Edition, with an
Index (now for the first time) added, from a MS. Copy extant in the
Bodleian Library, which underwent the revision of the Bishop
himself.

Oxford : printed by J. Vincent, for Thomas Tegg, 73, Cheapside,
London.

FINDLAY'S GENERAL SCHOOL ATLAS.

In Imperial Octavo, with the Maps guarded, half-bound in roan
price Twelve Shillings, coloured,

ANEW, COPIOUS, and ACCURATE MO-
DERN ATLAS ; exhibiting, in Thirty entirely new Maps,
the Extent, Divisions, physical and political Arrangements of every
Country in the known world ; also the latest Discoveries in the Polar
Regions, Africa, Polynesia, Sec., with an Introduction, explanatory of
the construction and use of Maps, and a copious Index for reference,
so as to form a complete Compendium of Geography.
By ALEXANDER G. FINDLAY.

London published by Thomas Tegg, 73, Cheapside, where may be
had, for the use of Schools, a Series of Outline Maps, corresponding
with the above. Price ss. Pull allowance to Schools or Merchants
for exportation.

KOHL'S IRELAND.

On Saturday, will be published, price Sixpence, the Fret Part of
TRAVELS IN JRBLAND. By J. G. KOHL
Translated from the German.

The work will be comprised in Seven Parts, at Sixpence each, and
a Part will be published every Saturday, until the whole is completed.
Each Part will contain 64 pages, printed on fine paper, with a clear
type. This edition will not (like one that has already appeared) be
a mere abridgment, but a full and faithful translation of Mr. Kohl's
valuable and interesting work, which has thrown so much additional
light upon the state of Ireland, and is recognised as an authority by
men of all political opinions.
Published by N. Bruce, Novel Newspaper-office, 84, Farringdon-
street, and sold by all Booksellers.

Second Edition, Price Bs. boards.
LIFE IN THE SICK ROOM ; ESSAYS.
By AN INVALID.

" The character of the book is of the loftiest kind. The reader will
not often find more variety of topic in the same space, more purity
of sentiment, more elevation of thought, than in this little volume.
The book should be purchased by all who are sick for itg congeniality
with their state, and by all who are well, that when they become
otherwise the remembrance of it may cheer them in their altered
condition."—Athenaeum.
• Edward Moxon, 44, Dover-street.

FREEMASON'S QUARTERLY REVIEW.
Just published, price 3s.
NEW SERIES.
THE FREEMASON'S QUARTERLY RE--
VIEW, for APRIL, contains :
The Election of the Grand Master—Papers by the Rev. Dr. Slade
and the late henry O'Brien—Rejected Letters (by the Tablet) of a
Roman Catholic Freemason—Freemasonry in Europe—Freemason's
Lexicon—Short Tale with Long Moral—Lord Combermere at Chester
—The Royal Order—Knights Ten:Oars—Poetry—Obituary—Masonic
Intelligence : England, Scotland, Ireland, Germany, East and West
Indies, and America—Review of Literature, &c.
London : Sherwood, Gilbert, and Piper, 23, Paternoster-row.

TUE ONLY MAGAZINE ILLUSTRATED BY GEORGE
CRITIKSHANK.
Price Ilalf-a-Crown.

AINSWORTH'S MAGAZINE.
The APRIL NUMBER contains

SAINT JAMES'S : or the COURT of QUEEN ANNE.
By W. HARRISON AINSWORTII, Esq.

Book the First—Chap. XVI. Marley discovers that certain impor-
tant documents have been abstracted from his escritoire by Greg ; his
uneasiness Increased by a message from the Marquis de Guiscard.—
XVII. The price paid for the letters.—XVlll. In which Masham is
banished from Court for three months.—XlX. The Sergeant's
" Drum."—XX. A love-scene in the Queen's ante-chamber.—XXl.
Wherein Marlborough and Godolphin demand Ilarley's dismissal of
the Queen.—XXll. Showing how the tables were turned upon the
secretary.

A JAR OF HONEY FROM MOUNT IIYBLA.
By LEIGH HUNT.

Mythic Stories of ancient Sicily.—Alpheus and Arethusa.—Acis and

Galatea.—Rape of Proserpine.

Henry Welby ; or, the Hermit of Cripplegate. By Charles 011ier.
—Oriana and Vesperella ; or, the City of Pearls. Chapter 111. By
John Hamilton.—Exploits and Character of Sir Francis Drake.—The
Sea Voyage. By W. Francis Ainsworth.

THE LANCET, greatly Enlarged.—Price
changed from El2,thtpence to SIXPENCE._

Stamped for Post, Sevenpence.. No. I. of the New Size. Second
Edition, now on Sale.
Contents :—Licbig's First Lecture to a Course on Organic Chemis-
try, prepared expressly for publication in The Lancet, and sent front
Giessen to the Editor, by Professor Liebig himself. The Uses-of Che-
mistry to Man forms the subject of this profound and admirable Lec-
ture. The same Number of the Lancet contains an Essay on the
Causes and Treatment of Sterility In Women, being a new Application
of Physiology to Medical Practice, by Dr. Marshall Hall. Also, a
valuable Paper on the True Character of Idiopathic Erysipelas, by
Dr. James Arthur Wilson, Physician to St. George's Hospital. With
numerous Medical Communications, Papers, Cases, and Remarks,
from the Clinical Society of Guy's Hospital, Correspondents at the
London and University College Hospitals, Dr. John Davy, John Dal-
rymple, Esq., Henry Bateman, Esq., T. W. King, Dr. Willshire, Dr.
Gilbert, Professor Simpson, M. Lassere, M. Lemoine, M. Gerold, M.
Ammon, Dr. Stokes, and other Writers. And Editorial Articles en
the Interference of certain Attorneys in Medical Affairs at Birming-
ham ; on the Vacant Chair of Chemistry at Edinbergh ; on the re-
cent important Researches of M. Aubert into the Plague Laws ; and
on the New, Enlarged, and Post-free Form of the Lancet. With all
the News of the Week, &c.
Lancet Office, 46, Princes-street, Leicester-square.
Prise Sixpence; or Stamped for Free-postage, Sevenpence.

LAME riT ON DEntLITY, NERVOUSNESB, AND ALL
DISORDERS ARISING FROM EXCESS, &c.
He who ih pleasure's downy arms
Ne'er lost his health or youthfulcharms,
A hero lives, and justly can
Exclaim, in me beho'd a man !"
Just published (in a sealed envelope), Tenth Edition, price 2s. fid.,
or sent by post, free, to any address, Si. 6c1..
ELF-PRESERVATION : a Popular Essay on
1,7 those concealed disorders originating in youthful excesses,
and terminating In Nervous Debility, Local and Constitutional
Weakness, Indigestion, Insanity, and Consumption. With Practical
Observations on Marriage, and on the Anatomy, Physiology, and
Diseases of the Reproductive Organs, with plain Directions for
their perfect Restoration
By SAMUEL LAMERT, Consulting Surgeon,
Bedford street, Bedford-square, London, Matriculated Member of
the University of Edinburgh, Honorary Member of the London
Hospital Medical Society, Licentiate of Apothecary's Hall, Lon-
don, &c.
" The various positions of Lover, Husband, and Parent, the in-
herent privileges of mankind, ate frequently marred and prevented
through the follies and frailties of early indiscretions. To such,
among others, this Essay addresses itself ; and by its perusal many
questions may be satisfactorily adjusted that admit of no appeal even
to the most confidential friend."—Stafford Gazette.
"The design of this work will be tolerably obvious from its title,
and we cordially recommend the author and his book to all who are
suftbring from nervous debility and general weakness."—Wakefield
Journal.
Published by the Author, and sold in London by S. Gilbert, 51 and
52, Paternoster-row; Starie, QS, Tichborne-street, Quadrant, Regent-
street; Gordon, 148, Leadenhall-street ; and by all Booksellers.
At home every day till Three, and from Five till Eight.

DR. CULVERIVELL'S MEDICO-PHYSIO-
LOGICAL PUBLICATIONS.
" Hail wedded love! Mysterious law !—true source
Of human efflprlng. e * • By thee
Relations dear, and all the charities
Of Father, son, and Brother, fit st were known."—MtLTow.
NEW SERIES. Price together 65., by post, 9s. 6d.

The PHYSIOLOGY of the PASSIONS:their Manifestation and
Purpose. On Chastity, its influence en health, morals, and progeny;
its maintenance and neglect. On sound health, long life, and happy
feelings. On morbid derangements, nervous prostations, and despair.
On tho casualties of incontinence. An admonitory yet consolatory
address to those needing such counsel, entitled," Lecture to Young
Mess." Price Is, by post, ls. Od.
The INSTITUTES of 51 ARM AG F: ; a Medical Brochure for the
closet perusal of those denied or diffident, yet desirous of scouring
marital attributes, domestie happiness, and healthy perpetuity.
Price 2s , by post, iii

PORNEIAPATHOLOGY ; a comprehensive Vade-mecum on
the concealed infirmities of human life (11-0 Engravings). "The
Modern Aristotle," " The most extraordinary work ever published.'
Price 35., by post, 51.
Those publications combine rationality, explicitness, and integrity
of purpose. Their perusal will enlighten and protect the invalid
from the empyricism so fearfully exercis,l in the infirmities they re.
late to. The author is a Doctor of Medicine a member of the Col.
lege of Surgeons, and a Licentiate of Apotfiesaries' Hall, and his
writings are tounded upon the experience of 20 years' exclusive devo.
tion to the subjects they treat upon.
To be had of Sherwood, 21, Paternoster-row ; Carvalho, 147, Fleet-
street; Hannay, tia, Oxford-street' Mann, 59, Cornhill ; and the
author, 21, Arundel-street, Strand, At home daily till two—evenings,
skven to nine.

WATCHES, by WEBSTER, and SON, Chro-
nometer Makers to tile Lords of the Admiralty, established
134 years.

WEBSTER and SON have REMOVED te 74, CORNHILL,
here the advantages of the premises will en able them to biOng the
workmen under their immediate inspection hi the manufacturing
department. An extensive Stock, finished with the utmost care,
and at lower prices, considering the quality, than can elsewhere be
obtained, consisting of Compensated Duplex and Lever Watches,
adjusted to the variations of temperature, on the principle of their
Chronometers, to which Government awarded the prizes three years
in succession ; the Detached Lever and Horizontal Watches for
Ladles, of the smallest and most elegant patterns ; Marine and
Pocket Chronometers, with long and accurate rates ; also a large se-
lection of Second-hand Chronometers and Watchee, by the most
eminent makers, at half their original cost. Saperior workmen are
employed en the premises hi tha repairing department,, both for
watches and clocks. Foreign work of every i.escription carefully
repaired by workmen engaged elzpressly for the purpose. Watehes
taken in exchange. Post letters will meet with immediate attention.

W. and Son's publication, with the Equation of Time for 1844,
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WHEREAS, a PETITION of JOHN JONES,
V of3o,Devonshire-street,Queen-square,in the parish ofSt. George
the Martyr, in the county of Middlesex, shoe maker, having been
filed in the Court of Bankruptcy, and the interim order fOr protection
from process having been given to the said John Jones, under the pro-
visions of an Act of Parliament passed in the Parliament holden
in the fifth and sixth years or the 'NW of her present Majesty, in-
Waled "An Act for the Relief of Insolvent Debtors," the said
John Jones is hereby required to appear in Court, before
J. S. M. Fonblanque, Esq., the Commissioner acting in tho matter
of the said petition, on the 4th day of April next, at half-
past one o'clock in the afternoon precisely, at the Court of Bank-
ruptcy, Basingliall-street, London, for the purpose of being then and
there examined touching his debts, estate, and effects, and to be fur-
ther dealt with according to the provisions of the said Act. All per-
sons indebted to the said John Jones, or that have any of Isis
effects, are not to pay or deliver the same but to Mr. A. B. Belcher,
the official assignee, nominated in that behalf by the Commissioner
acting in the matter of the said petition.

THE FACTORIES BILL.
FROM THE COUNTRY PAPERS.)

The debate on the hours of work clauses in the
Factory Bill came to a most singular issue on Friday.
The Government were then beat by Lord Ashley, and
Lord Ashley was then and there vanquished in turn
by the Government, on the same subject, in the space
of a few minutes, and without the change, addition,
or substraction of a single man among the voting
parties. Of 369 Members present, 186 voted against
the twelve hours' clause, and 183 for it, leaving an
adverse majority of 3. When the ten hours' pro-
position of Lord Ashley, immediately afterwards, was
put before the same 369 senators, 181 voted for it,
and 188 against it, thus throwing it out by a majority
of 7. What is the meaning of this ? Is it a
clear and simple case of self-stultification on the part
of the House ? Or are we to suppose some Members
to have been present who opposed both propositions
because they disapproved altogether of legislative in-
terference? Though the latter ground has by no
means been taken up openly and strongly, it affords
the only rational mode of explaining these two suc-
cessive divisions. Certainly the motives of Members
on both sides must be heterogeneous. The same rea-
soning, we imagine, could scarcely ever bring SirJas.
Graham, Mr. Labouchere, and Mr. Bright to join
issue on the one hand, and unite on the other Lord
Ashley, Lord John Russell, and Mr. Thomas Dun-
combe. Whatever be the causes of the late extraor-
dinary votes, we heartily wish that the House
would take warning by the unwonted discre-
pancy of opinion among all parties, and leave
the matter where it was left by chance or fortune.
on Friday night—that is to say, adopt no hour-de-
termining legislative proposition whatever, but endea-
vour to improve the condition of the manufacturing
operatives by measures of less doubtful propriety.
Where, we may ask, should interference stop, if so
unequivocally entered upon ? Has Lord Ashley no
sympathy for the multitudes of poor women in Lon-
don, and all our large cities, who " stitch, stitch,
stitch" from dawn to midnight, and sometimes from
midnight to dawn again, for a pittance far smaller
even than that earned in factories ? To be consistent,
he ought to interfere for their relief no less warmly
than for that of factory inmates,. In a thousand
other cases, also, the same plea exists for intermed-
dling. It would be dangerous to establish the pre-
cedent, or at least to carry it beyond a mere protec-
tion for the very young wilco cannot judge for them-
selves.—Scotsman.

We regret deeply the decision pf the Government
with regard to Lord Ashley's motion. However
" inextricable" the "confusion" caused by the two
divisions of Friday last, it is Abundantly clear that
the voice of Parliament has decisively pronounced
against the proposition of twelve hours as the limit
for the labour of females and young persons ; and the
responsibility resting thus upon Parliament, it would.
he a gracious act on the part of the Ministers to,
accede to the opinion so clearly expressed. It must
he quite unnecessary for ourselves to repudiate any
participation in the unfair and unjust censures, which
some even of our Conservative Contemporaries have
cast upon the Government in respect of the course! I
which in this matter they have felt it their duty to I
pursue ; but it is notwithstanding most unfortunate
that last year, when on the educational clauses off
the then Factories Bill the pressure on the Govern-•
ment proceeded from the opposite direction, thej
should have been induced to gave way, and that thi s
year, when the pressure is from their own friendF:,
they should persevere unshrinkingly and with so mud i
determination as to produce from the mild and ami.7
able Lord Ashley a complaint that they "added insulVE
to injustice." We are sure that Lord Ashley wri.3
mistaken in this idea ; but that such a man—one
their own firm supporters, one too who by his r(
fusal of office for the sake of this very question
had proved indisputably his earnestness and si a-
cerity, should think himself, owing to the inca'
i-
tious language of the Home Secretary, exposed to
such treatment, is, we repeat, a great misfortun e ;
and we fervently hope that the Government may n. of
hereafter have cause to rue the course which they
have taken. That they themselves believe the in-
terests of the country require them to resist the
proposition of Lord Ashley, we are willing to admi t ;
but we believe at the same time with equal sinceri tty
that they, and not Lord Ashley, are wrong ; and
seeing, as Sir Robert Inglis reminded them, that th ev
are on this occasion supported by their habit 'sal
opponents and opposed by their habitual supporter a—
(no less than ninety-three Conservative Meml )ers
voted against Ministers last Friday), it ought at
least to awaken so much doubt in the mind of Sir
James Graham as to preserve Lord Ashley and th ose
Conservatives who act with him from the imputat ion
of pursuing a " Jack Cade " line of action. But
)b-
-serve, moreover, the inconsistency of those who I xe-
fer such a charge. The Government themselves I )ro-
pose to limit the hours of labour to twelve : L ord
Ashley seeks a further restriction to ten. Manifes, I,ly,
therefore, the question at issue between the two p
ties is one of degree, not of principle ; and corn. 4
quently, if the " Jack Cade" accusation have an y
applicability at all, it must apply to the Goverr
ment measure equally with that of Lord Ashle y.
llow dangerous, then, is it for those who live in gla, ss
houses to cast stones thus around them I—Brightc
Gazette.

As usual, we find the moat outrageous mis-state
naents passing current in Parliament, and through tb e
press, in reference to this measure ; and, unfortu-
nately, nobody seems able and willing to disabuse
the public mind on the subject. What, indeed, can
be more glaring than the repeated assertions of the
Standard, that many mills are now working only ten
hours a day, and that factory labour is at present ex-
ceedingly irregular? That journal, on Monday last,
says:--
•` We remember to have heard, and not very long
since, of forty or fifty mills idle in a single town, end of
the rest of the mills in that town working but half time
We know that at present many mills work but ten hours;
and from all we have been able to collect upon the sub-
ject, we are convinced, that instead of working 3,110
hours a year, or ten hours a day for the 311 working
days of the year, the sum total of the mills do not work
two-thirds, or 2,000 hours, if indeed they work quite
half the time, taking the average of periods of five
years."
We wish the Standard would tell us where the
mills working only ten hours a day are to be forma.
Except in a period of excessive depression of trade,
such a.s the one to which allusion is made at the com-
mencement of the preceding extracts, there neither
are nor have been any in this district ; and we feel.
confident that there are none elsewhere. It is true",
that Mr. John Fielden tried an experiment of the
kind a few years ago—an experiment which, if 1 ve
mistake not, lasted exactly three days !—the honou c-
able gentleman having been fully convinced, even
that short time, that it would be attended with a me, it
serious loss to himself. The other assertion of th e
Standard, that the workpeople employed in facto-•
ries do not, on an average of five years, i
labour more than half or two-thirds of ten
hours (that is, from five to six-and-a-half
hours) per day, is as monstrous a falsehood as we
recollect to have met with ; and its absurdity is quite
as conspicuous as 'its want of truth. If the people

employed in factories work so little as the Standard
asserts, it is idle to legislate for the purpose of giving
them additional leisure ; for they must have more than
enough of it. But everybody conversant with factory
labour knows that it is the most regular and constant
employment in existence, and that the Standard's al-
legations are mere inventions. Yet upon these and
similar inventions are the votes of Members of Par-
liament mainly founded; and honourable gentlemen
set about endangering the prosperity, and almost the
existence, of most important branches of national in-
dustry, in the most complete ignorance ad the facts
with respect to which they are legislating. What
will be the result of these things time only can deter
mine.-21Ianchester Guardian.
The Ministry having sustained mere than one ie-
feat in Committee on the Factories Regulation Bill,
have, it seems, made up their minds to abandon it,
a course they have been compelled to adapt by the
heterogeneous and successful opposition which has
encountered them. In the propriety of that course,
though widely differing from them on most other
matters, we entirely concur. Holding the opinions
they so well expressed in the course of the debate,
Sir James Graham and Sir Robert Peel would have
been traitors to their Sovereign and to the nation
had they consented further to pursue a measure,
into which a regulation had been introduced,
which they considered would he productive of
disaster, if not ruin, to the greatest manufacturing
interests of the country. We are fully aware that
we are about to take up the unpopular side of the
question, but no consideration of that kind ought to
deter us, or shall deter us, from pointing out what
we consider to be an error, and an error fraught with
fatal consequences to the very class which Lord
Ashley, by his short-sighted legislation, hopes to
benefit. We are aware that the limitation to ten
hours' has the support of large bodies of the opera-
tives employed in the manufactures to which it would
apply, but upon what ground and in what expecta-
tion ? A placard posted at Manchester by torch-
light, and alluded to by Mr. Cardwell in his
pithy and well-reasoned speech on Friday,
will serve for answer to the question. " Less work,
—more wages,—sign for the Ten Hours' Bill 2" It is
against this expectation, as dangerous as it is delusive,
that we feel called upon to warn the operative classes.
Would the manufacturers, who have the labour
market at command, owing to the redundancy of
supply, pay the same wages for ten hours' work as
for twelve ? We will leave more wages out of the
question, and ask could they afford to pay an equal
amount of wages ? If they did pay the same wages
for less labour, or its equivalent, a less amount of
production, they must be content with less profit, or
they must increase the price of their goods ' • and then,
closely pressed as they are on all sides, how could
they compete with the foreigner ? And if they cannot
compete with foreign manufacturers, what is to become
of the trade by which the operatives have been accus-
tomed to get their living ? It is worthy of notice,
that 35,000,0001. of our whole exports belong to the
manufactures which would be affected by Lord
Ashley's amendment. Reduce the demand for goods,
by impeding the power of the manufacturers to com-
pete with foreign rivals, and you reduce the demand
for labour, and, by a natural consequence, wages;
thus inflicting injury on the very persons you desire
to benefit. The evidence given before the Import
Duties Committee clearly proved the intense com-
petition which the English manufacturer had to
encounter from foreign rivals. It showed
that he had been entirely driven out of many
markets, and partially excluded from others,
by the force of that competitisn. The danger,
therefore, of placing him at further disad-
-vantage, or, as one of the speakers in the late debate
expressed it, of giving him more weight to carry in
the hard race he has to run, must be too apparent to
need further exposition. And if circumstances will
riot permit the manufacturers to increase the price of
ttheir goods, so as to enable them to pay the same
'o ages for a less quantity produced, can they afford
b) pay increased wages by a corresponding diminution
a i their profits ? Not, if we may judge from the case
o f Messrs. Fielden, which has recently been before
t' he public. This firm, one of the most important in
Lancashire, when required to return their profits on an
•aversge of three years, for the income-tax, returnee
—nothing ! and so firmly did they adhere to this
declaration, that they submitted to have a portion of
their effects seized and sold by auction, to defray the
surcharge imposed on them by the Commissioners,
rather than give the slightest ground for suspicion,
..1-)y voluntary payment, that they had stated what
was untrue. The Messrs. Fielden then, have no
profits out of which to pay an increase of wages, and
if their case bears any affinity to that of others,
which we may reasonably suppose it does, the manu-
facturers in the North generally, are not in a
condition to submit to any reduction of their profits.
Even supposing that they were, is it likely,
in the present state of the labour market,
where the difficulty is not to procure hands
but to obtain employment, that the manu-
re facturers, who by this circumstance have all the
power on their side, would consent to suffer any such
, deduction for the purpose of paying the same wages
for less work, or, which is the same thing, an advance
of wages. Would not the workmen be the first to
suffer ? Would not the loss first fall upon them ? Do
we not always find it thus in the social scale, that the
burden is shifted from those above to those below, so
long as it can be shifted; that distress always begins
at the bottom and makes its way upward, or that, in
familiar phrase the weakest goes to the wall ? As-
suming that it were possible by legislation to reduce the
hours of labour, and yet keep wages at their present
rate, it follows as a natural corollary, that it is
equally within the power of legislation to raise wages
without increasing the hours of labour, or the quan-
tity to be performed. The very belief in such a
power is fraught with infinite mischief. It must lead
to expectations never destined to be realised, create
dissatisfaction at an assumed preference shown to
particular classes of workmen, and lead to Parlia-
ment being perpetually called upon to legislate for
the regulation of matters, that are in reality governed
by laws which it may thwart but cannot control. If
Lord Ashley believes that Parliament can curtail
the hours of labour without effecting a corresponding
diminution of wages, he must believe that it can
increase wages without a corresponding increase of
labour. Why not turn his attention then to procuring
this much-wanted increase for the wretched agricul-
tural population in his own county of Dorset, where one-
seventh of the labourers are paupers, and the rest even
worse off than they? What need for him to look far
away to find objects on which to expend the fulness
of his benevolent heart, when they are thronging al-
most around his own door? Lord Ashley knows that
it is not in the power of Parliament to raise wages by
direct legislation, and therefore he attempts nothing
so Quixotic. But his legislation can only benefit the
operatives by a similar process, by giving them the
same amount of wages for a less quantity of work.
If it reduce their wages, as it assuredly would do, so
far from being a benefit, it would be a hardship to
them. On this account we regard his efforts as the
offspring of a partial and mistaken humanity which
overlooks consequences, pays no attention to results,
and might produce transient good at the cost of wide-
spread and lasting evil.—Worcestershire Chronicle.
Since our hurried remarks were written last week,
we have seen no argument to induce us to alter our
opinion ; we do not deny for a moment the desirable-
ness of a lower rate of labour being accorded to the
operatives of all classes, but we are convinced that the
1 compulsion to this by legislative enactment will only
4 defeat its own purpose by forcing the master to lower
the rate of wages. Perhaps the simplest way to put
' the effect produced by this diminution of labour would
be the following :—A manufacturer, employing 600
hands, is enabled to make a certain quantity of goods in
a week, which he sells in the market for such a price
as will barely enable him to pay his workmen and
get a living profit. Under the operation of Lord
Ashley's clause, the hours of labour would be reduced
one-sixth; his 600 men would only now do the work
of 500 before ; they would take seven days now to do
what would have been a week's work formerly ; in
fact, the productiveness of his factory is reduced one-
sixth, and his returns are diminished in proportion ;
'and as of course it is impossible to get the same
amount of profit out of five-sixths in amount of work,
it is evident that some one must suffer, and it is also
evident that that some one will be the workman him-
self, for the master must either reduce the gross
total of his wages, or increase the gross number
of his hands, and in either case at a reduction of
the wages of his individual workmen. As we said
before, the question is one of A B C; the conse-
quence must follow, despite of all legislative interfe-
rence, without indeed the Legislature is prepared, not
only to adopt a standard of labour, but a standard of
wages with it. The question is one over and beside
• all considerations of philanthropy; there are tens of
thousands of persons who must work or starve ; they
can only get work at such prices as the master can
afford to give, and if those who are in work at pre-
sent are dissatisfied at any reduction of wages, so
that it does not reach the bare starvation point, there

are plenty of others who will be willing to step in
and take their places; the remedy is not by
ten hours' clauses in Factory Bills, but by widen-
ing the field of labour—by increasing the demand for
labour ; and then, when the whole working popu-
lation is employed, the hours of labour, and the
wages of labour, may be safely left to adjust them-
selves. As a proof of the questionable results of this
interference with labour, our readers will remember
that, some time since, an Act was passed, forbidding
the employment of females in mines and collieries.
We own it is a disgrace to a Christian country that
women should be so employed; but we objected to
the measure at the time, and our reason was that
women would not work in collieries if they could get
any more pleasant and profitable employment, and
that, therefore, the best preventative would be to find
them that better employment. Well, the result of
that enactment has been, that the condition of' the
women has been made worse, and they are now
petitioning Parliament that they may be allowed to
resume their underground labours to save themselves
from starvation. We instanced, last week, the case
of the London setnpstresses ; no one will deny that
their case is equally deplorable with the females of the
mines and factories, and yet no one talks of legis-
lating for them ; and why ? Why, simply because
the only alternative is between a life of intense appli-
cation, and the workhouse, or prostitution. If the
Legislature could indeed find a remedy for the dis-
tresses and privation of the labouring classes—if they
could at any sacrifice of individual injury, or class in-
jury, ensure the permanent improvement of the
moral and social condition of the hard-toiling mil-
lions, we should be disposed to consent to a partial
evil for a general good ; but when well-intentioned
but meddling philanthropy attempts by bit-by-bit
legislation to allot one set of hours to one class, leav-
ing others equally suffering, untouched, and doing
but a doubtful good, nay, a positive injury, to those
whom it professes to assist—we repeat, it is far better
to let the whole social machine go on as it does, until
from its very excess of disorganisation it commands
relief—Cheltenham Examiner.

Ministers might, no doubt, by exercising their
official influence, beat dawn the small majority of
three by which they were outvoted; but this would
assuredly not be advisable on a question affecting I
labour—nor indeed upon any other, regarding which
Members have recorded their opinion so indepen-
dently. It is at all times bad policy to ina'st on the
House rescinding its resolutions. Such a course
tends greatly to lower the Government as well
as the Legislature, in the estimation of the coun-
try. The subject involved in Lord Ashley's
amendment is altogether a difficult one for
a Ministry to grapple with. On the one
hand the arguments of the philanthropist
are overwhelming; nor was the picture of the utter
wreck of society, occasioned by the employment of
women and children in factories, at all overdrawn.
Something, unquestionably, should be done to 4top
the current of debasement which, by destroying the
physical as well as moral stamina of the female sex,
is rapidly undermining the strength and worth of the
population. But what that something to be
done is what will best counteract the
evil—that is the difficulty. Ministers were
of opinion that the restriction of labour from
twelve to ten hours would have the effect of
increasing it : wages would be lowered—Machinery
multiplied—and consequently the sufferings of the
labouring poor augmented. It was upon this
practical view of the subject that they took their
stand: and, filling the responsible offices which they
hold, we are not surprised that they should have re-
sisted the amendment ; though we do think that
now, after the Hons.: has so plainly expressed its
judgment, they should not farther oppose it, especially
in the modified form to which Lord Ashley signified
his willingness to agree. Interference with the
labour market, it may be true, is abstractly improper;
and the principle, once adopted, leads to a wide field of
operation. But the principle, it should be remem-
bered, was not propounded for the first time ; it formed
the very basis of the Bill. The difference between the
original clause and Lord Ashley's amendment amounted
simply to a question of time, not to the principle of
restriction itself. And considerino% that tin 4t.l.th of
society in tins country is altogether artificial, we
really do not see why the Legislature should boggle
at the use of artificial means in endeavouring to pre-
vent, if possible, the downward progess of the masses.
True, the Factories Bill embraced only a particular
range of industry, when, in justice, the same law
should extend to all branches. But it must, at the
same time, be admitted, that, in proposing to experi-
ment upon the factories the worst description of
labour was selected. If the experiment proved suc-
cessful, then might the provisions of the Bill be ren-
dered general.--Ayr Observer.
Upon what a miserably low footing does her Ma-
jesty's Home Secretary place our manufacturing
ascendancy ! Is it really a fact, that we cannot allow
our operatives the needful time for rest and recrea-
tion without causing " the downfal of our domestic
manufactures ?" Can it be that all our manil-
facturing greatness is the product of two addi-
tional hours in the day of infantile labour?
Who is there, with any spark of generosity in
his breast, who would not say, perish the great-
ness that can only be so preserved ? But
it is a complete hallucination, and the argu-
ment refutes itself. For by the law as it now
stands, infantile labour is limited to twelve hours 'a
day. Why, then, do not foreigners, who work their
children fourteen hours a day, now undersell and ruin
us ? If there be anything in the argument, it ought
to he carried further, and we should go back to four-
teen hours, as in Austria, or to an unlimited number
of hours, a.s in America. Could it be clearly shown,
indeed, that our manufactures stand upon so preca-
rious a foundation that they are liable to be under-
mined by any nation that shall choose to work longer
time than ourselves, it would behove even those who
are most clamorous for the repeal of the corn-laws to
beware how, by curtailing the ability of the English
farmer to buy, they injure that which may so speedily
become the only market for their goods. Sir James
Graham's speech, though a lame defence for the ma-
nufacturers, is an able one for the corn-laws. And
could we be so far charitable as to suppose them sin-
cere, we should still believe them in error. How is
a shortening of the time of labour to bring about a
reduction of wages ? All our notions of political
economy would lead us to anticipate precisely
an opposite effect. For how is the rate of wages
mainly affected? At the extreme point, doubtless,
by the cost of subsistence ; but at every part of the
scale above the extreme point, by the proportion
between the supply of labour and the demand for it.
Curtail the hours of labour, and it must require more
hands to do the same work. Nor do we suspect that
profits would suffer more than wages. On the con-
trary we believe that profit and humanity are here
quite identified. Who should be the best judges upon
this point, but the manufacturers themselves ? And
what is the testimony of two of their body who went
up to London as a deputation on this very Bill? " That
they could
13:' This
more work performed in 11 hours
than in 13: This we have on the authority of
Mr. Beckett, one of the Members for Leeds, who,
tells us, moreover, that " he had consulted seventy-
eight manufacturing firms in Leeds, and that, out of
these, forty-seven were in favour of a Ten Hours'
Bill, and thirty-one were divided between a Ten and
Eleven Hours' Bill; but not one was in favour of
twelve hours." Surely this should go for something
against the merely interested dogmatisings or feverish
forebodings of those who have instructed Sir James
Graham to say, that unless they are allowed to treat
her Majesty's subjects as if they had neither souls
nor senses, personal responsibilities nor domestic
duties, the manufacturers of England must be (as
Thomas Moore, we believe, has it)
"Clean done up and spifflicated."
—Liverpool Courier.
The merits of the short-hour question are so appa-
rent that it requires a considerable stretch of charity
to suppose any one capable of the error of mistaking
them. It is proposed, that one-sixth of the present
working hours in factories shall be cut off—that work
shall be done during only ten hours, instead of twelve,
each day, as at present. This amounts to a proposal,
that during seven weeks, and upwards, of the year, all
the mills in the United Kingdom shall stand
still, and become unproductive—that, during that
time, industry shall be paralysed, and the mighty
capital embarked remain barren and useless. Now,
if any one be prepared, seriously and soberly, to stand
by this, for the sake of the toiling operatives of the na-
tion (and would that we could, consistently with their
benefit and the public good, send those operatives to
indulge in freedom from labour for double or treble
the time !) let him come forward and propose
that one sixth of the land throughout the United
Kingdom shall be taken out of the hands of the great
landed proprietors, and applied to the benefit of the
poorer classes. To stop the factories for two hours
out of twelve, is practically to alienate or destroy
one-sixth of the capital of the manufacturers ; and,
upon the same principle, we would be justified in lay-
ing our hands upon one-sixth of the capital of the