The Sun.
London, England, 1850-09-04 00:00:00

ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GAR-
DENS.

The lovers of instrumental mttsic
thrlinrelly'ywitnessed. The
Iverageognreeraotulys
mdae--
lighted at these pleasant
the 2d Life Guardspleasant gardens on Monday last, when
of the it
t,
and
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Coldstream
ttaprhi
erne:m.
:Bee
onnuytt,
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permission
respective colonels, added to the well-known band of the
establishment; and the whole conducted by Godfrey.
The effect was really magnificent. We have rarely
heard so perfect a combination of wind instruments, and
the precision and force with which some of the pieces
were rendered was indeed p!,riect. The " Battle S 3 in-
phony," accompanied by oischurges of musketry, was
grand dahlia show, which
very grind. The display of . fireworks was gorgeous,
and, added to thefoittheewr.iallttbraectir:pnesa,
trecd,ndoenremd
othnedaeenneixngt
remarkable in the brilliant annals of these gardens. We
understand the
when 130 doubt this popular place of amusement will be,
--------.
cro
millwbdce dye ryTaot-tdratiye ti there
is
a

Yesterday morning our friends of the barrel, im-
patient of the additional day thrown between them and their
of the dead.
game, were up early, and eagerly pursuing their way to the
fields, which, in this district generally cleared of the sheaf
and the swarth, rregent a clear stage for their sport. The
birds, we believe, are an average number—in some dis-
_tarbi
I;lcet
,sobneuxt ot
lir :,,etriahl aiadn,.,
eu sue:: I3y. pet lreenctei
ifNuy
el
a; tilti:ydar3e-t,utr(l)3(L)s, was favour-

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.

FROM THE MuENING PAPERS OF TEM DAY.

CIiRON ICLE.—There are some points of strong
and very singular resemblance between the coalition
which closed the Post-office fer seven or eight suc-
cessive Sundays, and the alliance recently in session
at Frankfort, for the promotion of universal peace.
One or two people might perhaps be found who would
offer an easy explanation of the odd analogies we
descry, and who would tell us that the more active of
the Sabbatarian agitators are, as a matter of fact,
precisely the same persons with the more enthusiastic
devotees of peace ; nor can we ourselves deny a strong
suspicion that, although the tenets of the Quakers
may have excluded the drab element from the S.4b-
bath propaganda, and although the decent fervour of
English noblemen and clergymen was certainly not
represented at Frankfort, nevertheless very many of
the same hands which worked the Sunday Screw
have been lately applauding AL de Girardin, or
holding shaking sides wLen it pleased Air. Cobden to
joke. Whether, however, it be true or not that
Exeter-hall emptied itLelf into St. Paul's, we may be
permitted to wonder at the coincidences exhibited
in the easy-going pace of the slip shod argument—
in the mild inanity of some speakers, and the
pompous commonplaces of others—in the mutual
encouragement and glorification—in the freemasonry
and camaraderie of the leaders—and in the quiet belie f
of all parties in the omnipotence of the platform. A
deeper analogy is perhaps involved in the inferences
so coolly drawn both by the Sabbath Observance As-
sociation and by the Peace Congress from the almost
universal concurrence of men in the worthiness of

their respective objects. The repose of the seventh
day—and the repose of the human race—one of these
has been called the type of the other, and no rational
being will deny either of them to be an end worth
seeking, and worth keeping when attained. But
were we to follow up these admissions by giving all
our reasons for not incontinently mingling in the
agitations which appeal to them as their justification,
we should find ourselves engaged in discussing the
great radical source of human error—the confusion
between a principle and its application. On one
delusion, pervading the whole visible theory
of the Peace Congress, we shall offer a few re-
marks, because it is the exact counterpart of the capi-
tal mistake into which the clients of Lord Ashley
fell. The Post-office is a great labouring ma-
chine—a standing army is a great killing machine—
and it is argued that, if you suppress these mighty
engines or intermit their action, labour will be saved_
pro Canto in the one case, and slaughter in the other.
I'he argument would be perfect if it did not omit
all consideration of the propensities which lead men
to write letters and to kill. So long as people cor-
respond, the Post-office transmits their correspon-
dence with the least possible expenditure of labour.
So long as people vindicate their supposed • rights
by force of arms, an organized military force trans-
acts the murderous business with the least possible
expenditure of blood. The proper definition of the
Post-office would be, a great contrivance for econo-
mising work—that of a standing army would be, a
great invention for the preservation of human life.
On the assumption that Sunday labour ceases in
the Post-office on one given day in the week, it
has been calculated that the amount of toil actually
bestowed in the conveyance of letters throughout the
country would be immensely augmented, although nine
hundred and ninety-nine thousandths of the popula-
tion should absolutely forego the receipt and dis-
patch of correspondence. Should the remaining
thousandth be compelled, by perversity, or by the
press of business, to re-establish the broken commu-
nication on their private account, their clumsy and
inartificial contrivances would set a greater number
of hands to work, and for a longer time, than the
whole facilities of St. Martin's-le-Grand when in full
and unrestrained operation. The data for effecting
the analogous calculation in the case of armaments
are more widely dispersed and less easily seized, but
they tell their own story to any one possessed of
the feeblest historical aptitudes. Hardly a single
reason can be given why the English Civil Wars
of the seventeenth century should have caused in-
comparably less of slaughter and devastation than the
Wars of the Roses, except the difference, in point of
military organization, between the combatants of
Marston and Worcester and the tumultuary levies
which fought at Towton and Hexham. The example
is the more applicable, because, undoubtedly the Pu-
ritans of the Cromwellian era were infinitely less
averse to bloodshed speculatively than the men of the
15th century. It belongs, however, to the common-
places of history ; and, indeed, we should insult the
intelligence of our readers, if we set forth one-half
of the proofs at hand that improvements in the eco-
nomy of armaments and in the art of managing
them constitute the true explanation why Charles
Albert shed less blood than Sforza—why the soldiers
of the first French revolution, who cannot be ac-
cused of any theoretical tenderness for human life,
conducted themselves mercifully, even in La Vends
compared with the lluguenots and Catholics, with
the Armagnacs and Burgundians—why the Seven
Years' War was less murderous than the Thirty
Years' War, and the late campaign in Hungary than
either of them—why the scenes of Magdeburg are
not repeated at Ilendsburg—and why Idstadt is not
followed by the horrible results of Lutzen. We are,
of course, well aware that the Peace Congress num-
bers many who, bewildered by a shallow philosophy,
will ascribe the diversities which we have indicated to
the progress of the species, the development of
morality, and the force of public opinion. Those
who remember what sort of deeds were applauded by
the popular voice in 1848, in that very city of Frank-
fort—those who recollect that, when the bonds of dis-
cipline have been momentarily relaxed, the soldiers of
Wellington and Napoleon have rivalled in savage
ferocity those of Count Tilly—will be slow to yield
their concurrence. For ourselves, we did not believe
in 1747 that moral forces had generally subdued brute
impulses, and we need hardly say that we are equally
sceptical in 1850. We should be sorry to think that
Mr. Cobden does not share our doubts ; and, sooner
than cast such an imputation on his perceptive
faculties, we should prefer passing to the other
horn of the dilemma on which he has im-
paled himself, and bewailing the feebleness
of his logical powers. Doubtless he sees
what is going on around him, if he reasons upon it
imperfectly. Yet it is passing strange that he should
fell into precisely the same way of thinking with Mr.
Ferrand. The hero of the Wool-League holds that
spinning-jennies are the efficient cause of all the over-
work in the manufacturing districts. The captain of
the Anti-Corn-law League proclaims that standing
armies are guilty of all the bloodshed in the world.
Mr. Ferrand, indeed, seems to discern that somebody
must toil, though every boiler in Manchester be
empty. He, therefore, proposes that old women ex-
clusively should spin. But Mr. Cobden appears to
believe that, if there is an end of the machine, there
will be an end of the labour. If war and tumults are
really to cease through the agency of the Peace Con-
gress, it should negotiate a fusion with the Evangeli
cal Alliance, and employ itself in purifying the pas-
sions and exalting the aspirations of humanity. Its
time is lost and its funds are wasted so long
as it simply denounces the great organization
in which the evil instincts of an animal na-
ture exhaust themselves. To ascribe war to
standing armies, leaving the pugnacity of man
out of account, is to make the wildest confusion be-
tween cause and effect. To say that if armaments
were disbanded the results of human pugnacity would
be mitigated, is to proclaim a downright falsehood.
Mr. Cobden, it is well known, makes occasional ef-
forts to right himself with his argument by thrusting
his proposal for arbitration clauses and arbitration
courts into conspicuous prominence, as though he
meant to imply that they are " the only perfect sub-
stitute" for military force. We have uniformly
maintained that, if Mr. Cobden wishes to introduce a
new step into the formalities of international proce-
dure, he is entitled to be heard, albeit we can't quite
see why a Congress should be needed to receive his
proposition. Some good may come of it, although
the reform he proposes, if taken in any intelligible
sense, is an excessively small one, and its results
at first must be quite infinitesimal. As to the
exorbitant importance which its author sometimes
sets upon it, it deserves nothing of the sort, and so
Mr. Cobden might have learned from the proceedings
which we reported on Monday last. The represen-
tatives of the principal European States, by their
meeting and protocol on the affairs of Denmark,. have
scinocnetratvheeniEngdicthteesohfqapt Nantes,uurceinsodtcmi
just imitated, as closely as possible, the operatious. of
Mr. Cobden's hypothetical tribunal. At the late sitting
of the Peace Congress, a Dr. Bodeustedt braved the
orpmzelt es of
rebukes of the President and won the applause of the
audience by vituperating this protocol as the most
atrocious infringement of the righte of man which
respect
pwt committee
the Congress—not be.
.11e.merely wished to give
rheays beenked. perpetratedi e w as
not
unitedine gswr e sgs
. inos
it
Germanytt
eu institute them their natural application. and their legitimate
t,otai expansion.lr(biiptrraoneliois'ene
tttihltaehteSCci
its decision, provided it were against the London
protocol, and unfavourable to the Danish claims.
Much to the same effect, the English newspaper
which is supposed to have intimate sympathies with
Mr. Cobden assured him the other day that he would
succeedof he would proclaim the principles of Peace
and Liberty together. Just so, gentlemen. Trans-
form your selves into a democratic propaganda—pre-
pare for subservience to any popular cry which the
hour and the place may produce—and the world may
then retract the conclusion to which it is fast coming,
that your Congress is little better than a purposeless
i mposture. The recommendations of German Uni-
tarianism and English Radicalism embody the only
true significanc'e of your crowds, your harangues,
your itineracy, your correspondences, your political
orators, and your pledges of universal brotherhood.
As for the Peace you promise, it is repudiated and
outraged by every incident of your debates—by

every feature of your organinti( n. Solitudinem
fact. bnt—paccm appePont, exclaimed the earliest Ger-
man orator of wnose eloquence we Lave any record.
Now-r...-days they collect a niob, and they call it
Peace.

DAILY NEWS.—When the Times was abetting
with might and main the restoration of the despotic
power of the Kirg of Naples over the Sicilians, the
burden of its cry was, that General Filangieri was a
humane and liberal, as well as an enlightened man,
the King himself placable, and when the King and
his General triumphed, they would grant institutions
to Sicily far more consonant with its welfare and
constitutional development than the insurgents could
create. Well, the King of Naples and Filangieri
were victorious, since which time not a single insti-
tution has been granted to the Sicilians. Far from
it, even the Neapolitans were deprived of the last
vestige of freedom and even justice. The same was
the else when the French strove to burst their way
into Rime : they would see the Romans in possession
of rational liberty, we were told, and the rigour of
priestly rule would he moderated. Has any one of
these things been done, or one promise fulfilled
When Hungary was sought to be crushed under the
feet of Austria, and when, after Austrian discomfi-
ture, Russia was called in to effect the work of
suljugation, and protect the Austrians in the use of
the executioner's axe and whip, the Times was equally
bold in in its promises that liberal institutions and laws
would be granted to Hungary. Bow or when has
this been accomplished ? llungary is at this moment
as nakedly exposed to the rod and the sabre as in
the first days of Russian victory. Witness the num-
bers of the Peith population driven into the barracks
and flogged the other day, merely because they re-
fused to cry "Long live the Emperor." A sear has
now elapsed since the Austrian Ministry completely
put down insurrection. Yet, what has it dune ?
what founded ? Has it kept any one of its promises
of constitutional organization? It sent a civil go-
vernor to Lombardy ; but the military commander
has kept him a nullity. He has done nothing. The
other provinces are left at the mercy of whoever
chances to command the army ; and he is maintained
at his post as long as he is sanguinary and rigid.
The moment he tries conciliation, and grants a
few pardons, he is recalled, like Haynau. Yet
this is the Government that the Times, considered
on the Continent to represent English opinion, lauds
as its model Government. It actually spent a
column yesterday in laudation of it. Even Bach the
renegade, once a member of the liberal cause, and
since his accession to the Cabinet the upholder of
every act of proscription and murder, down even to
that of Bathyany, he is one of the especial favourites
and proteges of the Times. We must protest against
these ravings of insanity, not because any of our
English readers could be perverted by them, but be-
cause they go forth to Germany and to the wide con-
tinent as the expression of the feelings of Englishmen.
Were they really so, Englishmen would deserve to be
kicked and scouted from the face of the earth as the
most servile and the most selfish betrayers of hu-
manity, and as men who, having gained freedom for
themselves, were ready to help despots to fetter the
rest of mankind in order to procure the English the
monopoly of all moral and material advantages.
It is in truth most disgraceful to the English cha-
racter to behold one of its leading organs thus sup-
port the most infamous and retrograde of European
Governments and causes, and not only uphold it in
its power at home, but aid it in the subjugation of
more enlightened and more liberal Germany. For
our part, we care no more for a Prussian dynasty
than for an Austrian one, fir an empire in the north
more than fur one in the south. But when we see
the Prussian Monarch grant a constitution, and up-
hold representative government and municipal insti-
tutions, and at the same time recommend and strive
to obtain the same advantages for Germany as a
whole,----when, on the other hand, we see Austria
abolishing every shred of constitutional government
at home, and insisting that Germany shall have no
federal assembly save one composed of the delegates
of its courts and princes,—when we see religious
tolerance and freedom of religious opinion and
worship maintained and extended in Prussia, whilst
Austria relapses from lay Catholic rule back into all
the night of priestly domination,— when we
see education in Prussia conducted by the
most enlightened and liberal men in Europe,
while in Austria it is prohibited or en-
trusted to the Jesuits,—when we see in Prussia a
national army, raised from all the citizens, high and
low, rich and poor, a body incapable of being the in-
strument of oppression, when, on the contrary, we see
an Austrian Government support itself solely by the
jealousy of races, making use of the Croat soldiers to
crush the Germans, the Germans to oppress the Ita-
lian, and the Italians again to keep down the Bohe-
mian,—when we see in Prussia the most eminent, the
most instructed, the most wealthy men associated
together to form a constitutional party, and when
in Austria we see not a vestige of mind or man,
who seems to have an idea, or to cherish a
principle of constitutional government :—when we
look upon this picture and on that, we must
own, that with every Englishman who is above
the polities of a tuft-hunter, we prefer the indepen-
dence and ascendancy of North Germany to the
military and despotic predominance aan empire
which is one quarter German in tongue, and which is
whole Cossack in policy and civilization. Prussia may
succumb in the struggle of light against darkness, and
freedom against despotism ; hut, if so, it is the fault
of her Government and of her King. By Prussia's
succumbing, the North German cause may be for a
moment eclipsed. But as intelligence, and wealth,
and courage must in the end predominate over the
brute qualities contrasted with them, Is e have no fear
of North Germany finally emerging from any politi-
cal extinguisher that Austria and Russia may frame
at Frankfort, or that the Times may lacquer for them.
The fault of the King of Prussia is, that he puts
his trust in princes, when he ought to have put trust
in peoples. He did so because the majority of
princes seemed favourable to his liberal views. But
it was mere hypocrisy on their part. They prefer
the more despotic to the more enlightened powers. In
an assembly of elected Germans, of men chosen by
all interests fairly, there could be no fear of either
the absence of intelligence or of freedom. But in a
diet of princes, that kind of constitutional assembly
which the Times evidently prefers to all others, it is
plain that popular rights or representative government
could never be entertained or discussed, save to he
interred. And this is what the Times prefers. In
order to be in the least consistent, it ought to propose
the abolition of the House of Commons in this country
or at least the repeal of the Reform Bill.

THE DUTCH NEW NAVIGATION

LAWS.
The following is an abstract of the Dutch row navi
gation laws:—

" 1. Unconditional repeal of discriminating fsvours
granted to the Dutch flag, by suppression cf the rules
allowirg to this flag preferences above foreign flags.
2. Conditional similarity of flag in the navigation to
and from the Netherlands colonies.
" 3. Stipulations by law, concerning the trade and na-
vigation in the colonies and possessions cf this realds in
other parts of the world.
" 4. Repeal of the interdiction to grant Netherlands
registers to foreign-built vessels, by admittance of such
vessels at a small duty on their value for registry.
"5. Diminishing of import duties on head materials
for ship building.
" 6. Suspension of the shipping duties on the Rhine
and Wesel.
"7. Total abolition of transit duties."

A correspondent informs us that a member of the
Peace Congress has returned to England. minus a portion of
his wardrobe, and that dark suspicions cloud his. mind as to
the integrity of his fellow-peace makers. This is distressing,
but let the forlorn philanthropist. console himselfb, by reflect-
ing that he has nobly vindicatedhh
instanceprinciples
fa sacrificing
no3t
a breeches.to philanthropy.. .T ewithout a
parallel. An enthusiastic patriot once poured out a strain of
impassioned eloquence upon a crowd of eager listeners; he
told them of their wrongs, of the glories of freedom, and of
the beauty of patriot martyrdom. TEe audience shouted, the
.
orator grew warm ; order to cool his heated brow, he un-
covered his head, and pla9ng his hat in a convenient spot, re-
commenced his eloquent discourse. As everything comes to an
end at last, his oration closed, and the orator sought to depart,
when lo ! he discovered that his confidence had been abused,
and; turning to his audience, he addressed them in tones of
touching remonstrance, "I came to emancipate you," said the
indignant patriot, " I came to emancipate you, and you stole
my bat." We have seen a great deal written about the
great German mind, and its efforts to expand itself; let the
discontented philanthropist console himself by the reflection
that his missing garments are comforting that portion of the
German frame which a learned professor has proved to de-
monstration is the seat of the German mind. The theory is
rendered a probable one by the appropriateness of such a re-
sidence for such a guest in weight, symmetry, and other par-
ticulars unnecessary to mention. Who would not lose a
breeches to be the benefactor of the great German mind? If
we lived in mythological times, the garment would be trans-
ferred to the skies, and be reckoned with Orion's belt and
Berenice's hair.

DAMASHEENINGe—This term, derived from the
Syrian Damascus, so renowned in art, designates the diffe-
rent kinds of steel ornamentation. The first is the many-
coloured watered Damascus blades; the second kind consists
in etching slight ornaments on polished steclwares ; the third
is the inlaying of steel or iron with gold or silver, as was
done with sabres, armour, pistol-locks. and gun-barrels. The
designs were deeply engraved, or chased in the metal, and
the lines filled with gold or silver wire, driven in by the ham-
mer, and fastened firmly. This art was brought to great per-
fection by -the French artist Corsinet, in the reign of Henry
IV.—Art Journal.

Tua Hors.—The accounts from the hop districts
in Kent are satisfactory. About Maidstone they have a most
luxuriant appearance; in many other districts they are re-
ported as doing well, and likely to exceed the general ave-
rage ; but from some quarters there are complaints of the
effect produced by the cold nights.—Essex Herald.

We learn that, should tie Bishop of Exeter persist
in his alleged intention further to disturb the peace of the
Church by prosecuting his charge of heresy against Mr.
Gorham, there is every probability of steps being taken in
eprisal against Dr. •Pusey, Archdeacon Wilberforce, and
others, on account of various alleged errors of doctrine con-
tained'in the acknowledged writings and sermons of those
divines.— Gloucester Journal.

STRANGE HISTORY OF A
SMUG GLER.
(From the Dumfries Couricr.)
We are indebted for the following extraordinary
story to our respected friend Mr. Joseph Train, of
Castle Douglas :
Although the contraband trade from the Isle of
Man was nearly suppressed before I was stationed as
an excise officer in Galloway, my duty occasionally
brought me into contact with some of the remaining
landloupers of the free trade, a term by which the
Manx smugglers were known in the south of Scot-
land. Many of the heroic achievements of these en-
terprising individuals are yet remembered in Galloway
and Ayrshire. The personal histories of many of
them are known to me; but I will here relate only a
few incidents of the last of these adventurers with
whom I was acquainted, merely to show the bad re-
sult of such a hazardous course of life.
"Myles Crowe was for many years a schoolmaster
in the Isle of Man, but he was at length induced to
embark his little capital in the free trade, at that time
carried on to a great extent by the islanders. For
some time he conducted a profitable business between
the Isle of Man and the shores of the Sol way, but
having a Judas in his emplyment his cog-hole at Rae-
berry was discovered by the Custom-house officers of
Kirkcudbright; and having lost by his information
all the contraband goods of which he was possessed,
he was reduced to the necessity of becoming an agent
for more fortunate traders. From this time Myles
resided permanently at Kirkcudbright, but he visited
the Isle of Man annually to receive the rent of a
small patrimony which he held there, and generally
laid out the sum received in the purchase of some
contraband commodity. Whilst he dealt in spirits he
was successful, but in other branches of the trade he
was less fortunate.

"At the time to which I here allude it was the
fashion for gentlemen to wear very wide small clothes,
buckled immediately below the knee, and Myles
Crowe being then a gay fellow, that part of his dress
was smuggled nankeen. He had an idea that the
most convenient mode of smuggling a few pounds
of tea out of the island was by filling the vacuum of
his small clothes when on his person with that arti.
cle. lle accordingly filled them up to the waistband;
but, unfortunately, just as he was about to embark,
having made a long stride from the quay to the
vessel, his nankeen dress was thereby rent from side
to side, and instantly bis whole cargo of fine congou
showered into the water, to the no small amusement
of a large assemblage of fashionable spectators, with
whom the quay of Douglas happened to be at that
time crowded.

"Finding the tea trade to be rather a precarious
business when carried on in such a small way,
Myles engaged next in the tobacco line, and, with a
view to elude the vigilance of the Custom-
house harpies, he rolled his person up like
an Egyptian mummy, from neck to heel, in spun to-
bacco ; and, being a tall, raw-boned, gaunt-looking
person, he concealed a large quantity in that manner,
without increasing his size so as to occasion even the
suspicion of the officers stationed on the quay that he
carried any contraband commodity on his person.
An experienced smuggler of tobacco in a small
way generally rolls it immediately over his
under garment, but poor Myles fell into the
mistake of placing the twist under it. He had
scarcely reached what sailors call his berth in the
vessel that was to convey him to the shores of Gallo-
way when he was thrown into a hectic fever by the
tobacco in which he was enrolled, which soon rose to
such a height that he seemed to be just on the eve of
passing from time to eternity. A sailor, who came
to his assistance with a view of allowing him to
breathe more freely, opened the collar of his shirt,
when, lo ! the tobacco appeared, and the cause of his
indisposition was consequently ascertained. The
skipper, in wrath at his vessel being subjected to the
risk of seizure by such a paltry stratagem, instantly
banded the unfortunate .Myles over to the tide-
waiter on duty, who immediately carried his seizure
away to the Custom-house. My informant, Mr.
Ryall, of Douglas, happened accidentally to peep into
the king's warehouse just as the revenue officers were
employed in separating the vegetable from the animal
part of the mighty roll of which Myles Crowe formed
the centre. His head only was seen above the tobacco
when the operation of unrolling commenced. Though
he seemed almost unable to stand, one party of the
kingsmen drove him round like a whirligig, whilst
another coiled the tobacco, of which they disengaged
him with surprising rapidity.
" Old age and poverty having at last overtaken
the unfortunate Myles Crowe, he became an occa-
sional assistant to a ferryman, who plied on the Dee
between Kircudbright and Castlesod, in whose em-
ployment he died suddenly, as was supposed, from
having drank immoderately of ardent spirits. Soon
after his interment in the old churchyard of Kircud-
bright, it was rumoured that his corpse had been
carried away by resurrection men ; but no person
having taken the trouble to ascertain the fact, the re-
port died away, till the miscreant Stewart, who wa
hanged in Glasgow in August, 1829, voluntarily ad-
mitted, just before his execution, that, among many
other persona whose death he had occasioned by giving
them deleterious drugs in liquor, and whose bodies he
had raised from the grave and sold for dissection, was
the old assistant boatman at Kirkcudbright. This
declaration was confirmed by the grave of Myles
Crowe being then examined and found empty ; which
leaves no doubt of the mortal re mains of this once re-
spectable individual having bten ultimately mangled
on a dissecting table."

THE HASTINGS 11111,KMAN.—Jinks, the Hastings
milkman, one mornirg forgot to water his milk. In the hall
of the first customer in his round the sad omission flashed
upon Jinks' wounded feelings. A large tub of fine clear
water stood on the floor by his side, no eye was upon him,
and thrice did Jinks dilute his milk with a large measure
filled from the tub, before the maid brought up her jugs.
Jinks served her and went on. 'While he was bellowing
down the next area his first customer's footman beckoned to
him from the door. Jinks returned, and was immediately
ushered into the library. There sat my Lord, who had just
tasted the milk. , Juiks," said his Lordship. "My Lord,"
replied Jinks. "Jinks," continued his Lordship, " I shall
feel particularly obliged if you would henceforth bring me
the milk and water separately, and allow me the favour of
mixing them myself." " Well, my Lord, it's useless to deny
the thing, for I suppose ytur Lordship watched me while—"
" No," interrupted the nobleman, "the fact is that my child-
ren bathe at home, Jinks, and the tub in the hall was full of
sea water, Jinks."—Companion to a Cigar.
' • •

Ambition is to the mind what the cap is to the
falcon ; it blinds us first, and then compels us to tower, by
reason of our blindness.— Aliza Cook's Journal.

SUICIDE FROM JEALOUSY.-011 Sunday William
Coates, an innkeeper at Darlington, committed a most de-
termined act of suicide by placing the muzzle of a double-
barrelled gun in bis mouth, and discharging the contents,
causing immediate death. The coroner's inquest was held
on Monday, when it appeared that deceased had for some
time entertained suspicions of the virtue of his wife, who had
lately been addicted to drinking. Some circumstances
having occurred on Monday week to confirm his suspicions,
he turned his wife out of doors, and remained during the
rest of the week in a stet, of great nervous excitement and
despondency. On Sunday night he closed his house and put
an end to his existence as described. A letter was found in
the pocket of deceased, addressed to the coroner, in which he
stated his intention and the cause of it, and requested that
the little property he possessed might be divided equally
between his two children. The jury returned a verdict of
" Temporary insanity."

MANCHESTER TRADE REPORT, SEPT. 3. —The

intelligence of the Cambria has had some effect in steadying
the market, which for a week or ten days has been in a
very fluctuating condition. Cotton has advanced something
like id., and this has necessarily made our market more firm,
though prices are not quotably higher for any kinds of yarns.
The lower qualities of mule twist keep firm compared with
the fine counts of mule and water twist, which are flat and
slow of sale. There is a very slight improvement in the de-
mand for grey goods, principally 40-in. shirtings; Madapol-
lams and T cloths aro quiet and unsaleable. On the whole
buyers remain cautious • little business bas been ventured
upon ; and until some definite accounts of the crops are re-
ceived from across the Atlantic, it is not expected that large
transactions will be entered into.

SITTINGS 01' THE HOUSE.OF COMMORS.—Accord-
ing to a return issued yesterday the number of days on
wnich the House of Commons sat during the last session was
129. The greatest number of sittings in any month oc-
curred in July, when the House sat 23 days. The total
number of hours occupied by the sittings was 1,104 1,4 mi-
nutes, of which 108 were after midnight. The average
time of sitting per diem was 8 hours 33 minutes and 35 se-
conds. The total number of entries in the votes during the
session was 8, 57 1 .
If every one will but do his duty as an individual,
and will be but courageous and sufficient in the sphere of
his immediate calling, there need be no fear for the weal of
the whole.—Eliza Cook's Journal.
A. Tows WITHOUT CABs.—On Saturday evening
the town of Liierpool was surprised by the following notice:
—"Notice to the Public—The coach and car proprietors beg
most respectfully to acquant the inhabitants of Liverpool,
and the public, that in consequence of the unjustifiably low
rate of fares winch the town council 'have fixed to be
charged for hackney coaches within .the. borough and its
vicinity, to the extent of live miles from, the General Post-
office, fares utterly inadequate to admit of the proprietors
being ever remunerated, and which are on a much lower
scale than in any town in England (London not excepted),
they have unanimously concluded to discontinue plying for
hire from and atter Monday next,' Sept. 2, believing it to be
better to make this very serious sacrifice than to work at
rates which will eventually lead to ruinous consequences.'
Accordingly the various stands were deserted during the day.
Strangers coining to town by the railways and steamers
are said to have felt it most acutely, inasmuch as,
their arrival at the statitns and the pier-head, they
were unable to proceed to their destination unless they would
submit to the circuitous route taken by omnibuses. The
affair caused much excitement during the day.
MARTINET..--There is no doubt the term martinet
is derived from the general cfliavcsee,dra,s Dt
Voltairehl.etldei Iciapsrtltiainnt
eees
a,
eniedni
edtbiacreaatitieecii
hin°pltro'
tho3r- 11h larv. iOn
g. seosi t boor t
la
an
ndd
of the French army, whence very strict officers came to be
called martinets; but it is also from the restorer of discipline
that the name of what we call cat•o'-nine-tails is in French
martinet ? This is rather an interesting query, considering
how severely our neighbours censure our use of that auxiliary
to discipline.—Notes and Queries.
IMPORTS OF PRODUCE INTO LIVERPOOL.—In the
two weeks ended the 28th ult., there were imported into
Liverpool, 225,856 bushels wheat, barrels flour, 10,700
tacks flour, 45,640 bushels Indian corn, 208 bags Indian corn,
5,480 bushels barley, 26,096 bushels oats, and 7,456 bushels
beans.

FRANCE.
A. member of the Council-General of the depart-
ment of the Oise has proposed the following reso-
lution :—" The undersigned, considering that the
stability of the GJvernment is indispensable to the
consolidation of order—without which no true liberty,
no security for families, no guarantees for property,
can exist—has the honour to pray the Council-General
to adopt a resolution for the abrogation of the 45th
article of the Constitution, when its revision shall be
demanded." The 45th article refers to the non-re-
eligibitity of the President of the Republic.
At Orleans white wine has risen from lf. to 2r. the
hectolitre. At Migllol3 the wines of the department
of the Rhone have risen from 4f. to 51. The accounts
from Burgundy are bad.. The. grapes are not increas-
ing in size, and it. will require constant fine weather
to produce an ordinary crop. There has been no rise
of price in Paris, but sales are more easily effected
than they were last week.

SUPPRESSION OF THE AFRICAN
SLAVE TRADE.
(Fcom tho London New Price Currant of yesterday.)
It affords us great pleasure to announce that our
Government has at last come to the determination of
using the most energetic means to pat a complete
and final stop to the African slave tr sde ; and that
they have the power of accomplishing tl its object, does
not admit of any question. First, either by com-
pelling the Governments of Spain an d the Brazils
faithfully to carry into effect their treaties with this
country for the abolition of the trade ; or, secondly,
by directing a more efficient force than they have
hitherto done against the slavers themselves.
The evidence taken before a Committee of the
House of Lords for the suppression of the slave trade,
with the report of that Committee, which was pub-
lished last month, throws more light on the subject
than any previous publication; moreover, it shows
that the accomplishment of the final abolition of the
trade is an object of much easier attainment than has
hitherto been supposed.
It becomes, therefore, a matter of much importance
to consider, what effect a complete suppression, or
even a further limitation, will havo upon our colonial
interests.
The importance of this question will at once be seen
by a reference to the amount of sugar and coffee pro-
duced in the Spanish slave colonies, and in the Bra-
zils, which would be more or less affected by the
complete or partial abolition of the slave trade, viz. :
Sugar. Coffee.
In Cuba .......220,000 tons ... 8,000 tons.
„ Porto Rico.. 50,000 ... 10,000
„ Brazils ....100,000 ... 85,000

THE LEGITIMIST CONGRESS AT
WIESBADEN.
The proceedings of the Legitimists at Wiesbaden
and elsewhere continue to attract a great deal of at-
tention in Paris. Oa Saturday M. I3erryer arrived
from his visit to the Count de Chambord at Wies•
baden, and in the course of the day attended a meet-
ing of the committee of permanence, which was held
in one of the committee-rooms of the Assembly.
The following letter, which appeared in the Siacle,
gives some details of the intrigues going on, which
will be found worthy of perusal :
"TO THE EDITOR OF TEIE "SIECLE."
" Wiesbaden, Aug. 27.
" M. Salvandy was presented on Sunday night to the
Count de Chambord ; the assembly was numerous.
Among the new arrivals we observed Marechal de Ra-
gusa and M. Valmy. M. Salvandy had a private con-
versation of some minutes' duration with the Prince in
the recess of a window, and afterwards he mixed with the
general company, He was very fluent and very agree-
able. The next morning M. Salvandy was received at
a private audience, and in the afternoon he accompanied
the Pretender to Bieberich, who that day dined with
the Duke of Nassau.
" M. de Salvandy was not a mere visitor; he repre-
sented at the little Court of Wiesbaden Orleanism and M.
Guizot. Each distinguished man among the old monar-
chical parties had hero his ambassador: M. Mole was re-
presented by his son-in-law M. de Champlatreux; M.
Guizot by M. de Salvandy; and M. Thiers corresponded
with M. Berryer.
" ' Our part, as of Orleans, has terminated,' as King
Louis Philippe cften observed; ' we, for the future, can
only be Bourbons.' This tardy conversion was not
adopted by every one. The Queen of the Belgians,
the Duchess d'Orleans, and the Prince do Joinville
are, above all, much opposed to every attempt
at reconciliation. On the occasion of his last voyage to
St. Leonard's, M. Guizot was desired by the ex-King to
see the Duchess d'Orleans, and endeavour to make her
understand that taking the more enlarged view of the
interests of the Count de Paris they ought to bring about
a union with the Count do Chambord. M. Guizot as-
sented to the suggestion, and demanded an audience of
the Duchess d'Orleane. The Duchess instantly re-
ceived him, but five minutes had not elapsed after M.
Guizot had fulfillei his commission when Mme. de Lobau
suddenly entered the room, and thus broke up the con-
ference. M. Guizot wished again to take up his subject,
boe the Duchess suddenly stopped the Ambassador, ex-
clais-ning Mine. la Mare :hale does not like to listen to
political conversation. If you wish it, we can renew the
interview' at another time.' M. Guizot, having been so
sadly receiN-ed, did not think of asking for a second
audience, but returned to Paris.
"In the same journey, M. Guizot was entrusted by
Louis Philippe with a note, which, in case of the death
of the latter, would pre hably be regarded as his political
testament. In this document were laid down the bases
and the conditions of the fes:on between the two fami-
lies; and I am enabled to assure-, you in the most posi-
tive manner that M. do Salvandy arrived at Wiesbaden
with this note of M. Guiz )t in his pecket. What were
• the conditions laid down by Louis Philippe and M.
Guizot, I am ignorant at present; but it is very probable
that I shall obtain a knowledge of them at this place
within a few days.
" The council of the Count de Chambord required,
above all, on the part of the Orleans family, the formal
recognition of the Pretender as the legitimate head of
the House of Bourbon. This recognition was to be
effected by means of a collective letter, or by individual
letters, addressed to the Count de Chambord, in
which he assumes the name of Henry V., as the
Count de Provence assumed the name of Louis
XVIII. during the period of his emigration. Louis
Philippe, the Duke do Nemours, the Duke d'Aumale, and
the Duke de Montpenaier were disposed to subscribe to
these conditions, provided that on the other side of the
Rhine they would accept the bases of the document of
M. Guizot. But, as I observed just now, the Prince de
Joinville and the Duchess d'Orleans, encouraged by the
Queen of the Belgians, obstinately refused any compro-
mise, and thus held in check the party of the fusionists.
" But whether the fusion takes place or does not take
place—whether M. Salvandy succeeds or fails in his
embassy—the council of the Count de Chambord is de-
termined for action. I know, from an undoubted source,
that a sum of two millions is disposable for the wants of
the party.
" There exists at this moment at Wiesbaden, besides
the colony of French Legitimists, a battalion of persons
decorated with crosses and ribbons of all colours, who
come cue knows not whence, and who, under the ap-
pearance of indifference, as drinkers of the warm tsa•ers
or as players fur amusement, hare the eyes of eagles,
and their ears stretched out to every keyhole. These
are the characters which we want fur carrying out
intrigues and fur playing a secret game ; this
hybrid class bslong to secret bodies?, and are
half diplomatists and half spies. They are at
all the flees, all the subscription balls, and all the con-
certs. They speak French, English, and German, and
always find an ingenious mode of addressing observa-
tions to you without knowing you, and cf talking with
everybody. They are great distributors of cigars to the
men, and passers of elegant compliments to the women.
They are Legitimists here, Orleanists there, and even
occasionally Republicans. They affect a sort of lite-
rary and political dilettantism, which can hardly deceive
the least clear-sighted. They begin with speaking to
you on the war of the Duchies, or on the differences
between Prussia and Austria. so as to lead you to con-
verse on the affairs of the Count de Chambord, on M.
Berryer, or on the mission of M. Salvandy. You
need not know anything respecting the curious and
sha lowy policy of the small German courts to compre-
hend that all these unknown personages are the secret
ambassadors of these courts at the Legitimist Congress.
They register the names of those who arrive and those
who depart, and they endeavour to learn what has
been said respecting the presentations in the morn-
ing and at the levee in the evening, and they have
their confidants in the Hotel Deranger when they
cannot go there themselves. On Sunday last all this
excitable body were in the clouds on the feet becoming
known of the arrival of M. de Salvandy. They rushed,
one after the other, to the Post-office Hotel, to learn
whether it was true that the old Minister of the Govern-
ment of July had arrived, and on being assured in the
affirmative by the master of the hotel, they with huste
prepared and deposited notes in the letter-box. Nothing
can be more curious than the appearance of these ex-
citable people, who are rendered attentive by a name,
and who are tot a dr_tionieg by a word pronounced at
hazard.
" Last night I went to Cursaal, with a Prussian whom
I had formerly known at Paris, and whom I recently
met at Mayence, where he is in garrison. Would you
like me to introduce you to one of the important person-
ages of the principality?' Who is this person?' I re-
plied. is the Minister of Police. It is that brave
man you see walking tranquilly, with his fiends behind
him, under the arcades of the colocuad".' I ac-
cepted the oft r of my friend, and we aproached
the good-humoured looking Fouch‘ of the Duke
Adolphus. After having couversed for a few minutes
on indifferent matters, the conversation turned en
the manifestations of the French Ithinegraves, in the air
of ' Vivo Henri Qiatre,' sung in their drunken orgies,
and in the cries of Vive le Rei,' put forward every day
at the tables d'hote. 'ls there no fear,' I asked of the
bead of the police, of embroiling yourselves with the
French Republic by such proceedings?' Abe he an-
swered, smiling,' we pre so insignificant; besides, we are
• not politicians, we are only cooks.' The Minister of the
Pollee of Nassau thus made intelligible to me in a word
the diplomacy of his august Sovereign.
" The other small Governments of Germany, and not
merely those who are only cooks, are much engaged in
discussing the route which the Count de Chambord will
take on quitting Wiesbaden. It was said he would return
to Frohsdorff, by Munich and Stutgardt, as the King
of Wurtemburg was disposed to receive the Prince
favourably; but it was decided at the same time not
to allow him to reside in these states if he took
with him a numerous suit. The King of Wurtem.
burg is a prudent prince, who, without liking overmuch
the French Republic, does not wish, however, to place
himself on ill terms wit it, and desires as much as
possible to be in friendly relations with all the world.
In France are publicists and statesmen who are always
in some fear for the peace of Europe, and they, as it
were, point their finger to the horizon, as to a menacing
phantom. In foreign countries, however, we are all sur-
prised to find that, on the contrary, Europe is in fear from
France.
" I have also met with another fact during my resi-
dence in Germany—it is that, in spite of songs, odes, and
German epopees upon The Free German Rhine,' the
two banks of the Rhine are not only separated by the
river, but the people by their different ideas. In
vain Prussia and Austria may exert themselves to
Germanize the left bank of the Rhine. They
never can succeed. Austria and Prussia send upon
left bank soldiers from the right bank, and thc eat wo Go-
vernments place in this country, which border on the
frontier of France, Prussian and Austrian douaniers and
functionaries far the government of these parts; but
neither these functionaries, nor the soldiers, nor the
deueni€ re can ever extirpate from the hearts of the popu-
lation of these provinces French ideas and the hatred of
Austrian and Prussian domination.
From Aix-la-Chapelle to Mayence French sympa-
thies are alone met with. When you visit the Cathedral
at Cologne the guides say, with true effuiion, on press-
ing your hand, We speak not the same language, but
we have the same hearts. Viva la France.' One of
our following-countrymen not readily comprehending
a hat they said, believed they only intended it as a simple
mark of politeness, and responded to it by the cry of
Vise Germany !' But the guides, who were mixed with
a number or the inhabitants of the town, instantly ex-
claimed, ' No, not—not Germany; France, France.'
This scene excited in us a lively emotion, and it was re-
newed on several occasions when we weto On the left
bank of the lthine."

370,000 tons 103,000 tons
As some of our readers- may not have an opportu-
nity of perusing the evidence taken before the Com•
mittee, we shall here notice some of the more im.
portant parts upon which the witnesses were
examined, premising that we believe a very erroneous
impression is prevalent throughout the country. Ist.
As to the power of the British cruisers to put down
the slave traders; and, 2317—As to the expense it
is said to cost the country to keep the squadron upon
the coast of Africa.
With regard to the first point, it appears that since
this country embarked in the suppression of the slave
trade, they have succeeded in accomplishing that
object upon the whole coast of Africa, north of the
equator (except in the Bight of Benin), extending to
about 1,500 miles.
Further, that our cruisers have succeeded in cap-
turing no fewer than 637 slave vessels within the last
ten years.
Various suggestions have been made for the com-
plete suppression of the slave- trade—among others
that of using screw. steamers; and all the witnesses
concur in stating that, with little or no additional ex-
pense, but with a different distribution of the crews
and vessels to be employed, the slave-trade could be
completely and finally put down.
And, 2dly.—With regard to the expense of keeping
up the African squadron, it has been erroneously
supposed to cost annually about 500,000/., whereas
last year it was only 166,8841. (See page 147 of the
Report). Moreover the expenditure of this sum is
the means of protecting a legitimate trade along the
coast of Africa of great value to this country, and
which could not exist were the slave-trade carried on
in the same localities.
Both the Spanish and Brazilian Governments are
bound by express treaty with the British Govern-
ment to put down the slave-trade, but in
place of doing so, their officials have been actually
conniving at its being carried on, many of the Go-
vernors of Havannah having exacted a certain sum
per head for every slave that has been landed in Cuba.
Under these treaties it has been suggested by Mr.
Turnbull, who was Commissioner for some time in
Havannab, in the mixed courts for the liberation of
captured slaves, that power should be given to that
Commission to declare all slaves free that might be
landed after a certain specified period.
It is quite out of the question to suppose that this
country will longer tolerate the infraction of such im-
portant treaties by the Governments of Spain and the
Brazils, when it is fraught with such dreadful re-
sults to so vast an amount of the coloured population
of Africa, and attended with such destructive conse-
quences to our colonial possessions, by forcing the
alternative upon our planters, either to abandon the
cultivation of their estates, or to compete with the
forced labour of the slave owner.
We may here mention that we have good authority
for stating, that the United States Government is
about to adopt very energetic measures for putting
down the slave trade, as it finds the competition in
their own markets, of Cuban and Brazilian sugars,
most injuriously interfering with the profitable cul-
tivation of sugar in Louisiana ; although protected
by a duty of 3 cents per lb., or upwards
of SO per cent. upon the value of the sugar imported.
When the American planters, therefore, find it a dif-
ficult matter, with an abundance of cheap slave la-
bour, to compete with the sugars of Cuba and the
Brazils, it is no wonder that so many of our West
Indian plantations should have been abandoned, with
the certainty of others sharing the same fate, unless
freed from the unequal contest with slave labour.
Cheap sugar, however, is the watchword of the
economists, no matter at what cost of human life this
is attained. The destruction of 100,000 human
beings in the interior of Africa, on the passage to and
in Cuba and the Brazils—all this is fully compensated
for, in their estimation, by having their tea sweetened
at a farthing a pound cheaper than could be done by

free labour.
We believe there can be little doubt that the
French Government will also join in putting down
this inhuman traffic • their colonies being now free,
they find it impossible to compete with the slave pro-
ductions of Spain and the'Brazils.
It has been estimated that the average annual
mortality of the slave population in Cubs is from 5
to if per cent., so that the whole number would be-
come extinct in the course of fifteen to twenty years,
except what is supplied from the natural increase
from births ; but, as the inequality of the sexes is
known to be very great, but little increase can pos-
sibly take place from this source.
Finally.—As already noticed, the quantity of sugar
produced in the Spanish colonies and in the Brazils
being about 370,000 tons, and 103,000 tons of coffee,
these quantities will necessarily become diminished,
as the slave trade is gradually suppressed; prices will
consequently advance, and thus give a stimulus to in-
creased production in all our colonial possessions.

SIR J. FRANKLIN'S EXPEDITION.
The United States brig Advance, belonging to the
American expedition in search of Sir John Franklin,
reached IN'halefi,h Nand, on the west coast of Green-
land, on the 24th of June, in 32 days from New
York. The Rescue arrived on the 27th. A letter
from a gentleman on board, published in the New
York Herald, says :
" On our arrival here we found an English barque at
anchor; she is a store-ship, having brought stores and
coal out for the squadron, which, by the way, saile€l
from here yesterday, consisting of two barques of about
300 tons each, carrying sixty men, and steamers of about
100 tons each, with from forty to fifty men; they are all
bound in search of Sir John Franklin. The barque tails
in about a week fur England, which will give us all a
fine cpportunity to write, the only one I am afraid we
shall have for some time to clam. We have been very
fortunate in sending letters thus far, for I boarded a
vessel off Newfoundland, bound in to St John's, about
the Ist of this month. We all sent letters by her. They
went from St. John's by steamer to Halifax, and from
thence to the United States.
" After leaving New York, we kept company with the
Rescue, by keeping under short sail, until the 19th ult.,
when, finding it impossible for her to keep up, we made
sail and lost sight of her in a few hours. The days after
leaving New York gradually grew longer until the 16th
of this month (in 60 deg. 50 min. N. lat.), when we could
really say we had constant day, so much so that we
were able to steer without lighting the binnacle lamp, a
thing I never saw before; but now we have sunshine
the whole twenty-four hours. We have not got used to
it yet, and hardly know when turning in time comes.
You have no idea bow strange it appears to come on
deck at midnight (or rather what ought to be midnight)
and find it broad daylight, with the sun up. We still
discriminate one twelve hours from the other, by calling
them night and day, and appropriate the part we call
night far sleeping, or rather a portion of it.
" After leaving the coast of Newfoundland, we fell in
with no ice until we were about tq make the coast of
Greenland, when we found the icebergs in great numbers.
I We made Greenland on the 21st; it certainly is the most
dismal, rocky, barren country I ever saw or ever expect
to see. . .

" Wo expect to get to a placehre called Uppermarik,
;from thence we go
to Melville Bay, thence across to e
Lancastere Sound to
about two hundred miles from
Cape Walker; from Cape Walker we e
np to Melville Island, and as much further as try to get
aswe can.
We expect to winter at Melville Isle, but that, of
course,
will depend on circumstances. This is the last
opportu-
nity we shall have of writing for a long time, unless
have the good luck to fall in with a whaler bound
either
home or to England."
_.-.........-..-•.•-••"--"'"'
we

HUNGERFO RD MARKET
COMPANY.
A special general meeting of the company of proprie-
tors of this undertaking was advertised to be. held yester-
day at the company's offices, in Villiers-street, for the'
purpose of electing a director, in the room of James W.ll-
- Esq., deceased. The tiara appointed for holding
th« meeting was three o'clock, but at that hour there
not being a sufficient number of shareholders present to
constitute a meeting, it was adjourned till a future day.

CAUTION TO BARBERS.—At the Plymouth Police-
court, on Thursday last, a barber, named Isaac, of Frank-
fort-street, against whom a complaint had been made for
mutilating a little girl's hair, by cutting off several long
ringlets, when he was only requested to thin out the hair,
was summoned before the Bench to explain the matter of
of complaint. He made a story, but of a most lame descrip-
tion ; and themagistrates, believing he had been guilty of
an offence which justifiei them in inflicting a penalty; tined
him 4s. and costs, and ordered him to return the ringlets he
had ao roguishly cut oy,-..Dacmport Independent.

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVEN

LINCOLN COUNTY COURT, Aug. 22.

HA.WSON (MISS V. PICKERING (NY )-INCONSTANCY

Defendant (as if ashamed) remained silent, and
then went on to say—l neglected my business and
spent all my time with the plaintiff. I was often
there very early in the morning.—(Laughter.) I
never made any promise of marriage. During the
year, for eight months, I took rzy meals with Miss
Hawson. Since the intimacy has been broken off
plaintiff has sent back to me a watch, a time-piece, a
handsome canterbury, and some other things which I
left at her house.
Mr. Toynbee—Now I do not wish any secrets to
be violated, but what was the reason the intimacy was
broken off? Defendant—We had a bit of a quarrel.
Miss Hawson took offence. She was often jealous,
and when we quarrelled I went to Boston to get out
of the way. When I came back, at her own expense
she used to make me presents in little things, such as
tarts, pies, and so forth, and said it was in return for
my kindness to her whilst she was ill. She knew and
acknowledged that I was a very kind man.—(Laugh-
ter.) At that time I was-never asked for any one of
the articles now demanded of me. It is thr, e months
since I was first asked to return them. A short time
since plaintiff took me before the magistrates, and I
was fined for what she called "an assault." The
writing in the note I will swear is not mine. Plain-
tiff cannot produce a single " scrat" of a pen by me.
My name is Pickering, and not Picking.
Cross-examined by Mr. Quilter—Plaintiff sent a

PUNISHED.
This was an action of trover, to recover a certain
number of articles, said to be in the possession of the
plaintiff. The circumstances are curious.
bfr. Quilter opened the case for the plaintiff, by
stating that both plaintiff sad defendant lived in the
Strait, Lincoln. Defendant was a native of Lincoln,
and some few years ago he went abroad, and remained
for a considerable time. In December, 1848, he
formed an attachment to Miss Hawson, the plaintiff,
or rather to her property. This attachment continued
in existence for about a year, and during that time
defendant obtained from plaintiff, at various times,
goods, moneys,and articles,amounting in value to 131. or
141. After a while the attachment was broken off, and
then the plaintiff claimed, and had a right to have back,
the articles obtained by Pickering ; and as they had not
been restored, the present action was brought to re-
cover either the property itself or its value. It was
supposed that as Pickering kept a broker's shop,
many of the articles obtained had been disposed of,
and some of the property was known to have been
sold ; therefore it was deemed advisable to bring an
action of trover against the defendant, to recover
either the property or its value. The list of articles
had been presented to the defendant, and he had been
asked to deliver them up, when he answered, " I
have got the goods, and will keep them." If neces-
sary, he could call Miss liewson to prove that defen-
dant took the property, and the person who demanded
the goods could speak most particularly as to the an-
swer received from Pickering. After Pickering received
the summons he took it to Miss Hawson himself, and said
it would be desirable that the matter should be arranged
between them, for he regretted that things could not
be kept secret, and it would be better not to make the
matter public again. Afterwards the defendant in-
duced the plaintiff to make some endorsement on the
summons, but what was written he (Mr. Quilter)
could not tell. Prior to this endorsement being made
plaintiff received the following letter from defendant :
" Now, Harriet, I will give up your things and
money, provided you will do as Mr. Toynbee and
Mr. Andrew say. They say, sign the two sum-
monses, and it will be decidedly best to settle all dis-
putes on both sides, and will put an end to the dis-
turbances."
Mr. Toynbee, for the defendant, put in the endorse-
ment ; it was as follows :
" Harriet Hawson is happy to say that her affair
with Mr. William Pickering is amicably settled.
August 15, 1850,"—(Laughter.)
Mr. Andrew would beg to say that it never was by
his authority that such a note was sent. He had
never seen either of the parties about the affair.
Mr. Toynbee also denied having given any authority.
Mr. Quilter—No matter, the defendant has not
given up the things, and we now sue him either for
the property or for its value. There is a second
action to recover 61. lent money, but that must be
heard afterwards.
Miss Hawson was then called, and produced a list
of the articles she sought to recover from the defen-
dant. Amongst them we noticed a gold ring, 11. 103.;
toothpick, 2.i. ; black silk handkerchief, ss. ; silver
snuffbox, 11. 10s. ; gold watch ring, ss. ; two gold
seals, 11. 16s. 6d. ; purple checked waistcoat, 75.; (a
variety of other waistcoats); a geld key, 7s ; silk um-
brella, 1 la. 6d. ; three pairs of white stockings,
ss. 61; carpet bag, ls. 6d. ; pair of gold spectacles,
141. 6d. ; bird cave, 7s. 6d. ; gloves and baby basket,
25.; ostrich shell,e'sa. ; a flute, a variety of linen, can-
dlesticks, snuffers, &c. Plaintiff said—These articles
I saw either taken be, or delivered to, the defendant,
during the year 1848. Pickering had, or feigned, an
attachment to me during that year.—(Laughter.)
The defendant lives about '2OO yards from my house.
The gold ring I recollect he took from out of my
dressing. case the first time he was in my house. The
total amount which the articles are worth is 13/. The
note (before given) I will swear is in Pickering's
handwriting, and I will swear I received it from him.
By the JUDGE—The gold ring Pickering obtained
the first time he came into my house.
Cross-examined by Mr. Toynbee—The gold ring
was taken out of my dressing-case, and not out of my
dressing-table. I do not know what conversation
passed when these things were taken, though the
words were not too tender to repeat in court to•day.
—(Laughter.) The waistcoats and some other things
I saw the defendant take. We were at the time on
friendly terms. He was a good deal at my house.
There was a strong attachment between us at one
time, and it might have been stronger. I made no
objection to' his taking the things. The note I will
swear is in Pickering's handwriting (reference was
made to the note said to be from Pickering, and it
was found to be signed "Picking"). I cannot account
for the wrong spelling, without it is done on purpose.
The following note was then put in and read :
" Lincoln, August 15, 1850.
"My dear Mrs. Dawson,—Your son William wishes
me to write a few lines to you to tell you the affair is
settled amicably between ourselves; a little spite was
shown on both sides, and all we both could do, Wye
would bo the strongest.—(Laughter.) What is there to
«pal it when it's sincere ?—(L iughter.) For all things
went so far as they did, I would rather have suffered in
any way myself than him; that's my feelings towards
him, and that he knT.vs. Will you be kind enough to
tell his brother Samuel, that he may not have the trouble
on Saturday to come, and to the newly-married couple
I beg to offer my sincere congratulations acd best wishes
on the late present happy occasion. So with kind re-
gards to yourself and Mr. Dawson, believe me to remain
yours respectfully, " HARRIET HA.WS ,N."
Plaintiff then said, I allowed defendant to take the
things, but they were not presents.
Mr. Toynbee—Then you made him the loan of a
baby-basket—was there any reason to suppose that ha
might require it ?—(Laughter.)
Plaintiff remained silent.
Mr. Toynbee—l know these questions are un-
pleasant.
Plaintiff—You can ask just what questions you
please, and I shall answer if they, are respectful.
Mr. Toynbee—That will do. Then I suppose ycu
are disengaged now ?—(Laughter.) Plaintiff con-
tinued—l purchased the japan coal-pan at Mr. Web-
ster's. Pickering did not give it me, and I never said
that he had. He never made me any present at all.
I did sign the summonses, and agreed not to bring
on the case. Pickering agreed to return the things if
I would sign the summonses. I am not in the habit
of going to his house. The baby-basket was my
poor mother's.
Mr. 'Toynbee—l am instructed to say that you
gave the defendant the baby-basket to keep his shirts
in ;is that so ? Plaintiff—l am not at liberty to an-
swer that question. Defendant got a good deal of
my linen. Ile is a broker, and I sin a pawnbroker.
I should not like to explain all that took place between
defendant and myself. Ido not know anything about
a report that I was going to be married, but I now
know that we are not going to be married. his
false tongue over-persuaded me to think that we
should be married at the time he was taking all my
goods away, or else he would not have had them.
The JUDGE—Did he propose marriage ? Plaintiff
—Yes, your Honour, he did.
By Mr. Quilter—l am a lone woman, and had every
advantage taken of me by the fellow, [even to the last
extremity.
Mr. John Mason, superintendent of police, was
called, and said—l waited upon the defendant with a
list of the various articles, and read it over to him.
I then made a claim for the articles on the part of
Miss Hawson. Pickering replied that they were pre-
sents to him, and he should not give them up.
Mr. Toynbee ad tressed the jury on behalf of the
defendant. The case for the plaintiff was, that the
goods had been taken without any kind of authority
whatever. The jury were asked to believe that the
plaintiff gave no consent at all, and yet in her exami-
nation she admitted that she had sent a variety of ar-
ticles by the servant to the defendant's house. lie would
fearlessly assert that the articles were made presents of
to Pickering in the course of his frequent visits to plain-
tiff's house, and this would be proved in evidence. It
was not until the connexion was broken off, not
until of er some street rows had taken place, that
plaintiff demanded back the articles and money given
to the defendant. He should prove an interchange of
presents between plaintiff and defendant. He should
prove that they were living together ; and he could
prove the closest intimacy between them. Whether
or not the goods were given to Pickering under the
impression that, by marriage, possession of them
would again be obtained, he could not tell. All they
knew was, that the articles were given. He could not
tell whether the gold spectacles, the baby-basket, and
similar things were given or no with an eye to the
future, in the hope that some of them might be re•
quired. He conceived it to be very wrong for Miss
Hawson to make presents of this kind, buoying her-
self up with hopes that were of an illusive nature, and
never destined to be fulfilled. Miss Hawson, in the
fulness and abundance of her affection, made presents,
and now, in the spirit of revenge, he feared, demanded
them back again. With regard to the letter said to
be written by Pickering, he (Mr. Toynbee) was in-
structed to deny the authorship—the whole of it was
a forgery—and this assertion was supported by the
fact that Pickering's nama was not attached to it, but
it was signed " Will. Picking."
William Pickering was called, and said—l admit I
received articles as presents from Miss Hawson, but
I made her presents to three times the amount. I
isFent 5/. in wine and porter sent to her house.
The JUDGE—That is, I suppose, you paid for the
wine, and then drank it.
Defendant—She was ill for a long time, and fifteen
dozen of porter was ordered at the request of Mr.
Snow, her surgeon. Our acquaintanCe commenced
last January twelve months. The first time I went
into her house she sent for me, and requested to
look at one of my parrots. Tea was on the table
at the time, and she asked me to join at tea ; I did
so, and since that time we were very intimate.
Mr. Toynbee—Were there any other results from
that intimacy that you have spoken of ?

little girl to my house, and that was the reason why
I went to her to settle the affair. I thought it dis-
graceful on Mi,s Hawson's part to bring the action.
When I went into her house I arid, " What have you
sent for me for ?" She smiled, and said, "I have not
sent for you." I was going away when she looked at
me—(Laughter)—and then she said, " Well, I do not
know ; I shall not like to carry this into court, and I
do not think you will." I replied, "I do not know
what you want to take it into court for." She then
talked about love and such like things, and other
affairs, and agreed to settle the matter. She then
said, " William, the ring you have was one John
Young gave me, and I should never have given it to
you if I had not thought you were going to marry
me." I said, " Harriet, I shall not give it up ; you
know I respect you, and do what you will I shall
keep the ring. Afterwards I went to my attorney
and fetched the summonses, and she signed the memo-
randum read to-day. There was no understanding
" whatsomdever" that I should give up the goods
which I had ; but plaintiff said, "Lo! what will a
woman not do for love," and she also said I might
have all the little presents she had given me. lam
sure lam not a married man. I have been twenty-
nine years abroad. I lived at l'ort Philip before re-
siding in Lincoln. I came from London.
Mr. Quilter was about to ask some questions rela-
tive to defendant going abroad, when Mr. Toynbee
made an objection.
The JUDGE decided that such questions could
legally be asked.
Mr. Quilter—Did you pay your own expenses
when you went abroad ? Defendant—Many persons
go abroad who do not pay their own expenses ; and I
do not know what other answer I need give. I was
fourteen years of age when I went abroad.
Mr. Quilter—Well, was it for seven, fourteen, or
twenty-one years, or what, eh ? Defend'ant—Well,
if you must have it, I was sentenced to fourteen years'
transportation for dining upon a fowl. It was a very
hard case. I was fourteen years of age, unprotected
by a father, and hardly had a mother, when I was
drawn in and asked to dine at a certain house. In
consequence of this dinner I was tried and trans•
ported. A witness took a false oath, and there are
witnesses to prove it.
After some further evidence the JUDGE summed up.
The jury consulted for a minute or two, and then
returned a verdict for the plaintiff for the amount

claimed.
This verdict was hailed with loud applause.
The second action, to recover 61. lent money, was
decided by the first. Datendant submitted to judg-
ment forthwith in both cases.

Augustus Robinson,G t GUILDHALL.
Iw.i
was brought
POLICE INTELLIGENCE.
up on Mon
day on the charge of embezzling 95/., and uttering
forged cheques to obtain the same, was again placed
at the bar before Mr. Alderman Finals for further
examination relative to the charge of embezzling, the
charge of forgery having fallen to the ground in
consequence of the destruction of the forged cheques.
Mr. Charles Keyser, the prosecutor in this case,
stated that he had been unable to obtain any evidence
relative to the forgeries ; but with regard to the em-
bezzlement, the clerk from Sir John Win. Lubbock
and Co. was in attendance, who would prove the pay-
ment of the cheques alleged to have been forged by
the prisoner.
George Smith Anstey, clerk to Sir John William
Lubbock and Co., said that on the 17th of August
last he paid a cheque for 10/ , signed "C. Keyser." It
was paid in gold, bnt he did not recollect to whom he
paid it, or for what purpose it was drawn.
Charles Chatham Lawrence, also a clerk to Sir
John William Lubbock and Co., produced a waste-
book containing an entry in the handwriting of a
clerk of the name of Briggs, who was absent from the
bank on particular business, and consequently unable
to appear. The entry was dated the 30th of July
last, and was as follows :
" Paid Charles Keyser's clerk 201."
There was also a tnetnorandu'n sho Ning that the
amount was paid in two 51. Bank of England notes,
Nos. 78,407-8, and 10!. in gold.
Prosecutor stated that 1-,e had but one clerk, and,
therefore, prisoner must have been the party who
received that amount of money, and more particularly
so, as that was one of the cheques that was missing.
Alderman FINNIS said that having the numbers of
the notes, he (prosecutor) might, probably, be able
to trace them to the prisoner, if they had been paid
into the Bank of England; at any rate there was
sufficient evidence to induce him to grant a remand
should the prosecutor require it.
The prosecutor appeared very indifferent whether
the prosecution was proceeded with or not, and the
only reply that could be got from him for some time
was that "he would leave it in the hands of the Al-
derman to do just as he pleased with it."
Alderman FINNIS said that if the prosecutor wished
to press the case be could not refuse to assist him
after hearing the evidence that had already appeared;
but if he declined to prosecute, why then he must
discharge the prisoner.
After much difficulty the Court succeeded in get-
ting a definite answer from the prosecutor, and the
prisoner was accordingly remanded until iriday.
The prisoner made application that the money
found on him, amounting to between Si. and Cl., and
which was at present in the hands of the officer who
took him into custody, might be given up to him.
Al Lerman FINN'S refused the application on the
ground that the money in all probability was a part
of the proceeds of the embezzlement.
MARLBOROUGH-STREET.
George Gabriel Leehy, a man of respectable ap-
pearance, was brought before Mr. Bingham for final
examination, charged with embezzling several sums
of money, amounting to nearly 1,0001., received for
and on account of his employer Air. Samuel Adding-
ton, woollen draper, No. 105, St. Martin's-lane.
Samuel Appleton said—l am clerk to Messrs.
Brice, Pearce, and Co., of No. 8, Craig's-court,
Charing-cross, army clothiers. On the 12th of Fe-
bruary, 1848, I paid the prisoner a cheque for 20/.
ls. on Messrs. Roberts, Curtis, and Co. On the 6th
of 'May, in the same year, I paid him 59/. 17s. 101
On the 6th of September following, I paid him 201.
7s. 63. On the 17th of February, 1849, I paid hi
491. 93. On the sth of May, in the same year, I
paid him the sum of 351. 14s. 10d. On the Bth of
September I paid him 161. ls. Bd., and on the 4th of
November I paid him a cheque for 291. 83., for all of
which the prisoner gave me the receipts now produced.
The payments were all made on account of moneys
due from my employers to the prosecutor.
Edwin Ingle Dixey said—l am cashier to Stephen
Winckworth, Silan, and Co., 66 and 77, Cornhill,
elothiers and outfitters. On the 3d of June last I
paid to the prisoner, on account of Mr. Addington, a
cheque for the sum of 551. 16s. on Messrs. Barclay,
Bevan, and Co.
William Hurstfield said
—I Bra clerk to Messrs.
Brown and Co., No. 11, Princes-street, Hanover-
of February last I paid
square, tailors. On the 19th
to the prisoner 401. 195., and on the 6th of Jul
the Lonydon
I
paid him a cheque fur 211. 165., both on
account of his
and Westminster Bank, for and on
employers.
--The prisoner was in
Mr. Samuel Addington said
last three years. He
my employ as clerk during the
was authorised by me to receive money on my
account, and it was his duty to account to
Mr.
' ht for all moneys he
Everett, my cashier, every night —
. ne has not
had received in the course of tinnedy
by the three last
paid me any of the sums men
witnesses. k to the prosecutor
Edward Jackson Everett, cler
t paid or accounted to me
said—The prisoner had no tioned, which it was
for any of the sums before -men
his duty to do. should reserve his de-
The prisoner, who said he
fence, was fully committed for trial..,n.
iVESTMIN
SbT Waller, driver of
CHARGE OF ROBBERY.
11°ert
for re examination,
a mail cart, was brought IT
from Mrs. Allen,
charged stealing 16 sovereigns',
e Bel
grave-
of the Grosvenor Arms Tavern, .dowr Bit
pla
Mr. PChild of the firm of Wire
mlico. • and Child, solicitors
,
on faciety,
to the Licensed Victuallers' Protect.
attended for the prosecution.
e former occasion,
The depositions taken upon th
1 ead detailed,
the particulars of which have been already
laced in the dock,
were, upon the accused being
rile) Inhered that the
then read over. It will be re-
for
the City,
it, upon
money was given to him to obtain silver.
t n o
his representation that he was going
in the course of
and would bring the required chAnge