The Sun.
London, England, 1868-10-26 00:00:00

THE RESCUE SOCIETY'S HOMES
we as follows:
For Fallen Women.
28, Church-row, Hamp- 150, New Kent-road.
stead. 48, Church-street, Stoke
13, Camden-street, Camden- Newington. •
town. Maize-hill Cottage, Green-
-205, Great Portland- street. with.
For Young Girls in Danger.
27, Church-row, Hampstead.
9, Henstridge-villas, St. John s-wood.
St. Mary's Lodge, Buckhurst-hill.
Country Home—St. James's-street, Dover.
Temporary Homo-85, Queen-street, Cheapsido.
In addition to the above-named homes, the Committee
have under U. oir charge three homes for servants of good
character, in which aro admitted about 1,000 friendless
servants annu ally.
The home at Great Portland-street is for young fallen
girls from 10 t z 16. The committee ate deeply anxious to
open another • house for this pitiable class.
The Society admitted to its homes last year 687 young
women and 'girls. It was compelled to refuse 524 appli-
cants, whose histories are recorded in the applicant's book.
The Society's Baport (of which a contributor writes, "I
never road a repot-t of any charitable institution which so
entirely comment led itself to my mind and awoke my
sympathy") may :be had on application.
The Society is under the presidency of the Earl of
Shaftesbury. Its bankers are Messrs. Barclay and Co.
The Committee ve, ry earnestly commend its work to the
benevolent. DANL. CO DPER, Sec.
85, Queen-street, c 4 teapside.

(From the Anglo-American 2 lines.)
The Daily News points out the errors of the Pall
Mall Gazette, which undertook, with the aid of some
correspondents and of a new magazine called St.
Paul's, to enlighten the English on American
opinion. Mr. Anthony Trollope, the editor of St.
Paul's, by way of setting the world right, gave a
full, true, and particular account of reconstruction
in the Southern States ; and this remarkable article,
as the Pcel Mall calls it, and remarkable it certainly
is, furnished our evening contemporary with most
of the points the morning daily exposed. The
error of English comment on reconstruction lies in
a nutshell, for it condemns political power being
entrusted t 3 uneducated negroes, while many of the
leading Southern whites are disfranchised. This
is generally conceded in the United States, but
when those who censure like Mr. Trollope are
asked what else could be done under the circum-
stances they have nothing to say. We repeat the
question—What is the North to do to secure the
objects striven for in the war ? Any one who
directed his attention to this point and could coun-
sel wisely might be listened to, but when English
periodicals condemn a course freely condemned by
its authors, without explaining the necessity, but
merely representing it as the result of malignity,
they wilfully mislead public opinion to the
national injury hereafter, just as they mis-
led it during the Civil. War to the damage
not only of America, but of England herself. As
we have again and again stated the problem placed
before American statesmen by the condition and the
peculiar institutions of the South is one of over-
whelming difficulty, a difficulty only to be compre-
hended by those intimately acquainted with Ame-
rica, both Nortb and South, and who can accurately
measure not merely what is advisable, but what is
practicable. What can Americans think when men
who have failed for eight centuries in conciliating
their little Emerald Isle hold forth in condemning
the failure within three years, in mixing in har-
mony the fire and the water which make up the
society, spread over the vast Southern States. It is
a subject over which English writers ought to glide
lightly, for if they know anything of it they are
aware that even the most acute American statesmen
not only differ widely, but are utterly at a loss to
discover a remedy, and are anxiously groping in
the dark, earnestly asking Divine light for their
guidance. It is the old story of " fools rushing
in," &c. On Wednesday, the Pall Mall having en-
lightened England on reconstruction, undertook to
correct the ridiculous English idea which so absurdly
underrated the strength of the D ern ocratic party. The
Gazette frequently attributes to the nation a belief
not held by it, which it then sets to work to disprove.
Who underrated ;the strength of the Democratic
party? for those who did must have kept silent on
the subject, as we have not heard them. The able
correspondent of the Spectator, though a Repub-
lican, boldly predicted Republican defeat. We
know the opinion of the 7 biles' " careful surveyor ;"
the Standard's correspondent was some weeks ago
very confident of Democratic victory; those of the
Post and Morning Advertiser were then equally
secure, so that if England absurdly underrated
Denlocratic strength, it was through some medium
not supplied by the correspondents. The fact is,
that England quickly picked up the American
opinion that the famous soldier under whose com-
mand the armies of the North crushed those of the
South must, whether the people's nominee, or that
of a party, be the next President of the United
States ; and, when nominated by the Republicans,
the feeling was alike on both sides the Atlantic, that
he would be elected; Grant, however, was not
then associated in the minds of these prophets with
any party. What puzzled England some six weeks
ago was the strong probability that he might be
defeated by the strength of the Democratic
party, which, instead of being underrated, was
greatly exaggerated. The Gazette betrays its
ignorance of the value of the October elec-
tions by speaking of them as making Grant's
success additionally probable—adding " that the
influence of the Democrats upon the affairs of the
United States may be considerably increased, even
though they f,lil, as they probably will fail to re-
turn Mr. Seymour." Supposing that the result of
these elections had been different they would by
no means have assured Seymour's success, for,
notwithstanding a Democratic reaction no man can
have felt certain in the moment of the election that
Americans would not have thrown aside party pro-
clivities in such vast numbers as to send Grant
flying over the course. As it is, if the Pall Mall
knew anything of the subject, it would be aware
that Grant's election is not only now probable, but
there is every chance that he ,will be carried into
the White House with acclamation. In alluding
to the Democratic gain of seven Congressional
members that paper hits on the idea we had pre-
viously fully discussed in an article our readers will
find in this issue, but it seems strangely to over-
rate the value of these seven. In the present Con-
gress the Opposition is virtually nothing, and
therefore such a gain will prove of little value, which
will readily be seen when the members returned for
the next Congress by the four States which voted on
the 13th inst. are analysed, 40 of the 55 representa-
tives being Republicans. Is this the gain which is
considerably to increase the influence of the Opposi-
tion on the affairs of the United States? Why, the
very essence of the subject has been overlooked by
the Pall Mall Gazette, and launched it into a
blunder which can scarcely fail to be seen by those
who know anything of the United States. At this
moment a Democrat obstinately holding to his
opinions sits iu the Presidential chair and presides
at Cabinet Councils over Democratic Secretaries.
Did not our contemporary perceive that this Cabi-
net would be entirely changed by the election of
Grant ? that Stanton would probably resume his
place in the War-office—perhaps Sumner taking the
post of Secretary of State, M'Culloch and the others
giving way to Republicans ? What influence is to
counteract this in producing a greater effect on the
future of the United States ? The errors of the
Pall Mall Gazette, however, do not proceed from
the ignorance which marks many leading papers in
London. We can understand the Post in an article
writing of Mr. Vallandigham as one of thb eminent
Democrats, who, by the late elections, had lost his
seat in Congress. He was certainly defeated
for the Third Ohio District by the Hon. R. C.
Schenck, who could have lost his seat as he hap-
pened to be re-elected to that he then held, while
Vallandigham could not, as he had no seat to lose,
while his very nomination was among the causes
which helped to defeat some of the more moderate
Democrats. Here is an extract from a leading
London weekly on these elections :
"In Pennsylvania eighteen out of the twenty-
four members of Congress have been returned by a
majority of ten thousand, which, in so large a con-
stituency, indicates how close must have been the
competition. In Ohio all the Republican candi-
dates have been carried by a majority of twenty
thousand ; while in Indiana and Nebraska similar
results have been obtrined."
The writer evidently thought that each State voted
en masse for the whole number of Congressional
representatives—executive officers and all. He had
no knowledge of State tickets, Congressmenr at
large, and district nominations. This is a fair
sample of English comment on American affairs ;
even the limes, when the Senate delivered its ver-
dict on Impeachment, mistook the almost two-thirds
majority to be for acquittal. We are all liable to
blunder, but we are sure to go wrong when we
freely comment on subjects of which we know
nothing. Then amusement may be extracted from
the mistakes ; but the case differs when the writers
wilfully falsify the facts, and make their own errors
the subject of disparaging comment on American
affairs.

It is rich to read the following, which appeared in the
City article of the Times on Thursday, as it furnishes the
best possible commentary ou the late "dismal " predic-
tions anda,nnouncementsof the Philadelphia correspondent
of that paper:—" The advices from F.rankfort state that
tie Bourso of that City continues active. The circulation
of political rumours concocted by the Democratic party,
being no longer practicable, transactions are effected to a
large extent, particularly in United States Securities, for
which the old predilections have revived since the election
of General Grant has become more certain, the expectation
being that he will act as moderator between the extremists
on both sides. Within the past day or two many thou-
sands of bonds have changed hands, capitalists and firms
having branch establishments at New York being buyers
at rising prices." In the same issue the correspondent an-
aanounced by telegram from America that " the Democrats
are somewhat demoralized. General Grant's election is
considered certain."
DUNVILLE and CO., Belfast, are the largest
holders of Whisky in the world. Their Old Irish Whisky is re
commended by the medical profession in preference to French
Brandy. Supplied in casks and cases for home use or exporta-
tion. Quotations on application to Messrs. Danville and Co.,
Belfast; or 4, Beaufort-buildings, Strand, London, W.O ---[Ad-
Terldsementa

The Times says that Mr. Gladstone has been speaking'
lately with the consciousness that he has been expressing
the national will, and that the experience of the last three
years sufficiently exposed the folly of denying a reason-
W)le demand because its concession may be made the
foundation of demands which cannot be justified ! Lord
Stanley said before last session commenced that the Irish
question was the question of the hour. It was difficult,
butr,it was imminent—it was pressing. When Mr. Disraeli
succeeded to the post of First Minister he acknowledged
the necessity of action, and declared hewas prepared with a
"truly liberal" policy. What Mr. Disraeli and Lord Stanley
then contemplated we know, although it is and will
Probably remain for some years uncertain how far it
had been confided to the rest of the Cabinet.
There was to be a change in the status of the parish
priests, an adoption of the " pantheistic principle" de.
flounced by Mr. Disraeli in his days of freedom such an
endowment of the Roman priesthood as earned for him
directly it was hinted the cordial approbation of the Osstr•
vatore Romano, It was a " truly liberal " policy, for it was
so repugnant to the feelings of the staunchest Conservatives
that it could be carried only with Liberal support ; but it
was at least a quarter of a century too late for such
assistance. The Times notes that the members of the
Government say nothing and that no one's moral sense
would be shocked if Mr. Disraeli *ere to meet his sup.
porters at the opening, of the new Parliament with the
suggestion that as the destruction' of the Irish Beta.
blishment was determined on, he and they had better,
perhaps, undertake it ; nor can we think this an unfitting
sequel to the course hitherto pursued by the new Pro.
testant hero.

The Herald ridicules -Mr. Gladstone's theory of the
duties of the Conservative party. This theory never has
been, nor is it likely to be, accepted by the Conservatives
themselves. It is in flat contradiction to the witness of
history. It is opposed, moreover, to the essential theory of
the Constitution, which knows nothing of one party gifted
with a monopoly of Liberalism, and the other condemned
to perpetual obstructiveness. Party government would be
a mere name in this country if Mr. Gladstone's theory were
accepted, and the parliamentary system itself an empty
form. There is no law which hasziven to oneorganisation
in this country the right of assuming a monopoly of
Liberal opinions. The Liberal designation itself is a
mere assumption, which may mean anything or nothing,
which is assented to by the other side merely because of
its insignificance. To suppose that a number of persons
subscribing themselves Liberals, and upon the mere fact
of their nomenclature have a right to assume that they
only are the heirs of the true faith, and the sole deposita-
ries of political wisdom, is absurd. There is nopossibility
in such a country as England of establishing those sharp
distinctions between Liberal and Conservative which Mr.
Gladstone has calmly assumed for the sake of his argu-
ment. Mr. Gladstone is reminded that he was once him-
self a member of the Conservative party, and the Herald
asks with reference to his charge against themof demorali-
sation, At what particular period did the party become
" demoralised "by his change of opinions ? He certainly
did not cease to belong to the organisation until after he
had entered upon the first of his metamorphoses— even if
he has formally quitted the camp now. Was it the party
or himself that was " demoralised " during this period ?
To suppose that it was the party is to believe that
every party is responsible for the acts of its individual
members.

The Poet does not wish to say a word in disparagement
of Mr. Mowbray, but while he belongs to the rather
numerous class of politicians described by Mr. Disraeli
as respectable Mediocrities, Sir Roundell Palmer is
distinguished as a scholar, as a lawyer, and as a states-
man ; and, what is more to our present purpose, he is
well known to be sincerely attached to the Church, and
wedded, for better for worse, to the convictions which
he has thoughtfully formed on ecclesiastical subjects.
In short, if the vote of Oxford is intended
to express steadfast and instructed fidelity to the Church of
England, no member of the university legally able to
undertake its representation in the House of Commons
can be mentioned in rivalry with Sir Roundell Palmer. It
is hardly matter of opinion. Still, there is no other ques-
tion to be argued, for, given that Sir Roundell Palmer is
not less loyal to the Church than Mr. Mowbray is, and it
follows that he is as superior to the Ministerial
candidate as, at Cambridge, Mr. Beresford-Hope was
to Mr. Cleasby. The Conservatives are adjured
to consider seriously the influence which a man like Sir
Itoundell exercises on the House of Commons. If still,
as was thought at the close of the last century, the Irish
Church might, without any strong perceptible change, be
rendered much more useful, it can only, under existing
circumstances, be saved for a better future by drawing
the line which Sir Roundell Palmer has indi-
cated, and pursuing the policy which; as the represen-
tative of the University of Oxford, be could vindicate
with authority.

The Daily Ncws remarks that for a great many years
the acquisition of one of the four seats for the City by the
Conservative party has been a cherished but almost hope-
less object of ambition. Mr. Masterman was, we believe,
the last Tory who sat for London, and he sat less as a
Tory than as Mr. Masterman. Under cover of the mino-
rity clause, three Conservatives are advancing anew to the
attack, in the hope of winning at least one vote from a
party artificially disabled from putting forth its whole
strength. Whatever the issue of the struggle in constituen-
cies to which this three-cornered scheme applies, it will
probably be fatal to Lord Cairns's clause. The defeat of a
popular candidate by this device would probably cause it
to be swept away. Its failure would of course condemn
it yet more decisively, as shewing that its only effect is to
put the majority to an intolerable inconvenience, and to
deprive individual electors of all freedom of preference
among the several candidates of their own party, without
securing the representative to the minority. In the City of
London there is every reason to think that this ground of
condemnation will be the real one. Every one of the four
sitting members for the City of London may reasonably
look forward to occupying in the new Parliament the
position which he held in the expiring House of Commons.
The Conservatives, though they indulge very freely in the
parrot phrases of disparagement in which it is the fashion
to speak of metropolitan members, never lose even the
faintest chance of winning a metropolitan seat ; and it is
quite obvious that it is the moral triumph rather than the
mere vote which they covet.
The Star thinks the citizens of London have taken the
loss of their fourth vote so much to heart that the minority
scheme is likely to work out its own defeat and the full
ratification of the parliamentary prerogatives which it was
designed to curtail. The irritation which set in when the
dilemma began to be appreciated, and when voters began
to see that with four seats to fill, and four popular mem-
bers to fill them, only three could be voted for by each
elector, has seconded very greatly the efforts of those who
by organisation hope to prevent the return of any minority'
candidate whatever. The Liberals have enough votes to
return each of their four men, by voting for three mem-
bers out of four with such variations of selection as the
circumstances may suggest, and as the managers of the
election may prompt. And though the plan upon which
this achievement is to be won will necessarily be not less
intricate than the minority scheme itself, which is far from
popularly comprehensible, the resolution to sink all per-
sonal preferences seems to have been so widely and enthu-
siastically taken, that a little alertness and much faithful-
ness as the election approaches will, in all probability,
suffice to carry the Liberal members back to the
places in which they have done so much good service.
The Standard devotes a leader to Mr. Stansfeld, and
remarks that his " Independent Liberalism" was discarded
long ago. Whenever there was a party fight he was to
the fore, and on every party division his vote was safe.
Since Earl Russell went out he has evinced quite an
average amount of anxiety to get in, and the degree of his
docility has amply atoned for his whilom leanings towards
Red Republicanism. We do not know, however, that we
should be very hard upon Mr. Stansfeld for these infideli-
ties to his early democratic prepossessions. If he likes to
accept the rule of a party hack, that is entirely his own
affair ; and if he thinks he can utilise his brief official expe-
rience in the past, so as to harry his antagonists in the
the present and promote his own interests in the future,
why by all means let him make the most of his political
stock-in-trade, and carry it to that side of the House where
it is most in demand. We object, however, to those whole-
sale manifestations of the marvellous in which he has
recently been indulging. In Mr. Stansfeld's latest
speech he assailed Lord Henry Lennox with per-
sonal remarks and carping criticisms of an order which
would hardly pass muster amongst a club of pothotum
politicians. Over these his lordship, when addressing his
constituents at Chichester, passed as contemptuously as
they deserved ; but the statements of the honourable
member for Halifax he "cut up" so mercilessly, that we
think it will be some time before his antagonist provokes
another encounter. After pulling his adversary to pieces,
demolishing his hypotheses, disproving his facts, and shew-
ing
said the
l fall
aa cclyd of
eh withis
figAufrre.s,SLt aonr sdf eilide.n"rY 'ThoseLennox
read and analysed the two speeches wi.l be disposed
to go somewhat farther, and to say that he has done for
him.

ANOTHER, RAILWAY ACCIDENT. A serioth
collision took place at the Workenden Junction on the
Gr; at Northern Railway. The lines there cross each
°VI er, and a passenger train at full speed struck a goods
train which was going over the cross line at the moment.
Several of the goods carriages were shattered to pieces,
and others with the engine were toppled over the embank.
ment. A number of passengers were seriously hurt, but
no deaths have been reported.