The Sun.
London, England, 1850-07-12 00:00:00

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.

HOUSE OF LORDS, July 11.
ENCUMBERED ESTATES.
The Earl of GLENGALL presented a petition from
an individual whote estate had been brought under the
jurisdiction of the Cemmissioners of Encumbered E.-
tates, complaining of the sate of his property to pay off
the encumbrances. It was a disgraceful and scandalous
system to sell these estates in this mamer, to pay off
cucumbraneei.

The Marquis of WESTMEATII said be held in his
hand a paper containing twenty-one columns, and twelve
of them were appropriated to conflication, being adver-
tisements ftr tho sales of encumhetel estates. The
Government had brought upon their heads the im-
prec.-dions of the higher classes of Ireland for having.
educed them to a state of Nary and destitution. If
Ireland was reduced lower than she was this magnaieent
country weu'd go along with It was must unac-
countable that Entind should rt fuse to assist them.
The Bishop of OXFORD presented a poi!ion from
the Church Union against the opening of the Post office
on Sunday; also scve:al petitions from the clergy of
various places against the appropriation of the educa-
tion grant.
The Marquis of BREADALBANE presented several
LFy1Ct:1:::017,
petitions aviinst a Pust-otliee Sunday delivery.
mPoLveUdittLtirrYd readingi3lLli. of the
The Earl of L'OW'S, in the abset.ce of his Noble
Ben; flees in Plurality 13d1.
The Earl
Friend (BLEoNrdE
Of ELLENBOROUGII said h 3 entertained
considcrab!e objection to the Bill. He believed it would
leave to clergymen nothing more than a bare compe-
tence; and the effect of that would be to bring into the

Church an inferior class of personr, just as such persons
were at ):resent introduced into the Church of Ireland.
The Arehtishop of CANTERBURY dcfendttd the
Bill, the principle of which was, that wherever the in-
eorrie.! of a clergyman wai sufficient to support him, the
ravisbioners were entitled t 3 have the benefit of his
vices. The measure would, he thought, be productive of
mach god by enabling th, ra ultitnataly to increase the
ine•mcc, of the h9iders of small benefices.
Afttr a few words from Lord REDESDALE,

The E•A of PO WIS. said the Bill proceeded on the
very fair and intelligible principle thlt no two livings
which were not contiguous should be held by the same
person.
The Bill was then rcad a third time and passed, with
same yetbal amendments.
Ou the unction of the Marquis of LANSDOWNE the
Elections (Ireland) Bill Trlssed through Committee.
INSPECTION OF COAL MINES BILL.

The Earl of CARLISLE then rote to move the order
of the day fur the II use resolving itself into a Commit-
tee upon the Ins' estien of Coal Mines Bill. In doing
so he ssid to theught it was hardly necessary for him
to do more than remind their Lordships f the appalling
necidents which had taken 1,1,ce from time to tune for
many years I.a•t, attended at they were with so many
conssquences cf penury, misery, and ruin, in the coal-
mines of the country. Io 1835 a report had been mate
to Parliament no that suhject, by which it appeared that
for the teerity-fieeyeer; presiouc no less than 2,015 per-
sons hod rished trent explosions in collieries. In the
year 1845, the number of victim; had been 100;
in 1846, 35 had been sacrificed ; in 1847,
seventy three t.ersens had loot their lives in a similar
m -.neer; and in 1849, no less than seventy- fire had
; e.-ished !row the same cause. But even these reports
d d not convey an ash Tante idea of the misehit f done
in this way. There were many pi rsons not menti,4led
in these reports who were maimed for life, sod many who
died in a few bears afterwards from the result of those
iaoentable accidents. He thought those were
sufficie..st reasons for some juilicisnis and moral interfer-
ence on the part of the Legislature on that subject. And
the attention of the Legislature and the Government
had not been withheld from the question; but they had,
for a long series of years, instituted inquiries into the
matter, and made various suggestions on the point. In
1835 a Committee of the louse of Commons had sat to
investigate that subject, and had endeavoured to explain
the nature and extent of those explosions. In 1843 va-
Hoes individus is had formed themselves into a committee
on this question, which had ecdeavoured to impress on
the public mind the necessity of making further ar-
rangements to try and put a stop to the evil. Several
distressing explosions had taken place in 1814 and 1845,
and a report on the subject had then been laid on the
table cf the House. Sir 11. de la Beetle and Dr. Lyon
Pla)fair had made a comprehensive report on the same
question in 1846. They had stated that the evil prin-
cipally arose from a want of proper inspection, and a
vicious system of ventilation in mines. In 1847 another
report had been made in consequence of a fearful
explosion which had taken place in the neigh-
bourhood of Bath (as the Noble Earl was
understood). Now, all the reports made in this matter
concurred in the view of the Government, and recom-
mended that inspectors should be empowered to con-
stitute an investigation, and hold communication with
proprietors, with a view to carry cut essential improve-
ments for the management of collieries in the best pos-
sible manner. In addition to till the other information
which they had on the subject in the way of repotte,
there had been two from Messrs. Blackwell and Phillips,
who had been appointed by the Secretary of State to-
investigate that matter. In Profsssor Phillips's report
it had been said that immediate measures ought to be
taken to examine into and obviate, if possible, the sources
of danger in every colliery; that Commissioners should
have the power of examining the various mines, or
deputing others to do so. The mess sure they proposed
was, that authorised persons should be appointed, not
to interfere with the maesgement, but to look into and
examine and report upon this condition of these mines,
and see that proper designs should be furnished
for the working of the mines, in order that all those
engaged in the collieries should know what they were
about. The Bill which they had laid upon the table of
the House proposed nothing more than what had been
recommended in all the atiou3 reports. What the in-
spectors were to do was to point out what was defective
or dangerous in the mines, and if not remedied they
were to report the same to the Government. A map of
the various nines was also required to be furnished.
But the Bill proposed to inflict no expense whatever up-
on the owners of mines; neitter did they attempt to im-
pose any restrictions nor dictation wish respect to the
management. They only asked for the right of inspe
Lion, and the production of papers, maps, and plans,
showing the position and locality of the mines. There
might be cases where the working was carried on in a
Bangs rous manner. In such it was to be hoped the Go-
vernment would be allowed to interfere by having the
power of in- pection, end the right to ask fer the maps
and plans alluded to. In conclusion, ho would only ex-
press a hope that their Lordships would not oppose that
endeavour to provide for the welfare, comfort, and safety
of so many of their poor fallow-countrymen.—(Hear.)
The Earl of LONSDALE (who was very indistinctly
heard) was uriders.tsod to say that he could not see how
the interference of Government in that matter could have
the effect of presenting those melancholy accidents. They
might take what powers of in.pection they pleased, and
what measures they could devise to prevent them, and
yet accidents of that kind would occur. Could the Bill
of the Government prevent those tteicumulations of gas
which sometimes took place? He should say not. The
Noble Earl here referred to, and read extracts from, one
or two of the reports pr. sented on the sue jr In Bel-
gium, where a system of Government inspection pre-
vailed, the ntheber of deaths front explosions from 1844
, 1818 had bet n 533. In the district of Newcastle for

- - -
six years, according to the return?, he number of deaths
(as the Nolie Earl was under,tood) was 562. Some time
ago certain parties were called upon to make a recom •
mendation with respect to the miens to be adopted
where Crteie was an accumulation if mill air; and what
they had suggested was the formation of linen pipes.
One professor in his report had stated that he found
no colliery well ventilated, and that all were in a bad
state; while another had asserted that the cases in which
bad ventilation existed were exceptional ones. It would
be said hereafter that they had admitted the principle of
the present Bill, and it the power it sought fur was con-
ceded, it might be contended that more power was ne-
cessary to carry it out.—(Hear, hear.) To show that
the agitation which had exited in some parts of the
north of England on this question had not extended to
Wales, where collieries were extensively worked, he had
to remind their Lordships that he had that day pre-
sented a petition from persons engaged in the collieries of
Wales praying that they might not be subjected to any
interference of the kind proposed. It was the interest
of the coal owners to have their p:ts well ventilated, and
to adopt every precaution against accidents, because the
loss entailed upon them by the stoppage of the works,
and by pensions to widows and children in cases where
the accident was attended with loss of life, was very
considerabb.. Obj. cting ther. fore to the Bill, he had to
move that it be committed that day three months.

The Marquis of LONDONDERRY complained that
a Bill of this important nature should be introduced at
so late a period of the sotsioa, when there W2S scarcely
time to give a full and fair discussion to the Bill itself,
much less to the numerous amendments which the Noble
Earl opposite proposed to make in it. What they bad
to consider was, whether the Bill would remedy the
evils complained of. In the first place he had to remark
that though many new collieries had been opened of late
years, the number of residents had by no means in-
creased in proportion to the number c f persons em-
ployed. It was proposed to give to the Secretary of
State a power of appointing an inspector of mines,
who should examine them and make his report to the
Secretary of [State. lie wished to know what course
the Secretary of State would pursue in cases in which
a difference of opinion existed between the inspectors
and the managers of coal mines. It was only fair, if
Government took upon them the duty of inspecting
and providing for the security of coal mines, that they
should bear the expenses of any loss arising from acci-
dents in thou mines. He strongly objected to the
powers proposed to be given to the inspector, more
especially to that power which would authorise his call-

ing.' for Maps and documents cone ected with the col-
Eerie?, and, if he thought fit, publishing them in his re-
port. He also objected to making the coal mines liable
for the expeniel of the inspection. It was highly objec-
tionable to create an impression in the minds of the per-
sons employed in collieries that the proprietors were not
so anxious as they ought to be to adopt all precautions
necessary for the safety of the persons so employed. He
much doubted whether any good had arisen from the
agitation of this question. It would be impossible for
the Secretary of State to appoint any person as an in-
spector who could know as much of the state and work-
ing of the collieries as the managers of the collieries.
Objecting strongly, to the power proposed to be given to
the inspector of calling fur documents he hoped some
limitation would be made in that respect. He trusted
the Noble Earl would postpone the further consideration
of the Bill.

Lord WHARNCLIFFE said the objections to the
Bill mere founded entirely on misconception, and he be-
lieved the northern and midland districts to be (pit('
friendly to the measure.
The Bill then passed through Committee with amend-
ments, which were ordered to be reprinted.
On the motion of the Earl of CHICHESTER, the
Larceny Summary Jurisdiction Bill passed through
Committee.

On the motion of Earl GRANVILLE, the Sheep and
Cattle Contagious Disorders Prevention Continuance Bill
was read a second time.

On the motion of Lord LANGDALE, the Court of
Chancery Bill passed through Committee.
Their Lordships then adjourned.

HOUSE OF COMMONS, July 11.
PUNISHMENT OF DEATH.

Mr. EWART, a'ter protecting petitions in favour of
the abolition of the iunishineut of death from
Liverpool, Brighton, Shrewsbury, Sunderland, Glas-
gow, Colchester, Edinburgh, King's Lynn, the
Liverpool Peace Society, and other places, proceeded to
bring on his motion for leave to abolish the
punishment of deat,b. Ile said he assuredly should
nit again have brought forward that motion, if it were
not for the increa•ing conviction in his own mind of
the justice and expediency of the measure he advo-
cated, and unless he bad been convinced that there wus
an increasing public opinion ou this subject through-
out the country, and that a n; public opinion con-
tinued to receive secessions from day to day.
Oa former cccasioos this qu,stion had beet
argued by figures, which had been triumphantly ap-
puled to on both sides. lie bell:end that on both sides of
this question it was a drawn battle; but be thought,
on the whole, the v e'ght of statistics was on the side
of the abolitionists, arid that the mitigation of the
punishment of death, wherever it had taken place, had

been attended not only without danger, hut alse.h"oui.
security to eociety.ay
this occasion l, j
take no statistical view Al the subject. He shoo he-
la.',eoe.
your to show that the presents ystem of retainig:"oo`ol
uishment of death was incurniistent ith that gretistbtit.',o,
of all punishment—namely, the cer:aietY of Phhi proper
which was laid down by Blackstone as 1;614 tbeuoi,h.
pcinuiple of ail punishment, and with whichno E..vect,
went could be said to be effeetual for
He believed if any gentleman would conwlt tlh°u~e be
he
which were laid upon the telde of the
would find many cases of murder ia which Ord e
had been acquitted, not because juries entertsla:
doubt of the crime, but a dread of the punisheienftied
at
siould refer to the cases of Jen° /slitebelL ,tef rbe.
Newenale on the 20. h of February, 1819; 11134. a,, i 0
bocce. Smith, tried at Devizes on tee 911 of .Ati ogu',
the same year; a: d Sarah a%. bite, tried at the
"'s 00
Ca icuieal Court on the 10th of January, 1850.
r`isoot
tau first cases the jury recommended the ,_ Pto the
to mercy in consequence their atitiOat'?"
,eue is-
punishment. Ia the last case the 'lane le
e not -
deiced the jury to return a verdict emit
wee
When we have such cases of the law becoleibg po
coo
through its own severity, be thought the time *.itue
for some interference,. They had the cis inionY'. 'e their
tices Coltmen and Ahlereon that juries often enb",,,eel
verdicts in the Lech of law nod evident' ill COO
,e';l 30
of their greet nisi:lce to the pueishtnirout
beyond the prisoners were oftentiines ulo.lo...`opet
of beieg tried for murder rather than fir a isniebe' it tiale
tiseacse they had a feeling that juries would a' ClUj j3cel
They had the opinion of Chi, I Justice Wilde. sof
Wiehtman and Coltman, besides several mernbcr I.
Irish bar, against the pueisbusent o_oo,iiese
If there was one thing on which he was more. u,,3 wbiCh
the
for
anothea it was the purity cf
ietleenct d the Right Hon. Gent 4 man the Sect.'nibli°
the Home Detairtineta, but it did heppen thetiorn: reels!
were very machperplexed to know
reason one criminal was reprieved knob
to bill
another criminal puniehed. He was at a loss,sentietel
on what, ground the Right Honourable “ 0000;
would oppose the motion which he now P. ,liorto
On a former occasion the Right 110
O. dof a f lb°
Barontt burr,rio
capital punishment ought on the groun o
feet° ides, which he supposed existed ia the not now.
theulat:on on the subject. Tied, however. ws_:, 0,30';
case. Another opinion which he forased "t'hug bd
public were in favour ef capital paaishrhen 'welt /In
wore to call public meetings all over the c.O 0110
take the it opinion on the subject,
here decidedly opposed to retai►ning wont
r;o•
otili
punishment. The Hon. Member concluded 11.170,0
of
thus lines ot Dr. Johnson, fsvourable to the anu
capital punishment:— he would ti4odr,nei
" Shall then these fears await, no wishes ris.e.
No prayers assail the justice of the skies?
Enquirer cease—petitions still remain, is
Which He acen may hear, but speak to to
sboligoa
He moved for leave to bring in a Bill for the
of the punishmet cf ah. ie tbe'r for
Mr. HUME senconded thet motion. It well.' flioted OD s
collection that punishment of c'e..th was 3./; -ores
trifling offences, and so the conued until.-ore
„leis
oaths retused to find verdicts sanctioning, snags or( titer;
meats. They saw the same occurring in cabers 05c;
cabers 0
tier. For five years ending in 1844 the nti ,
f forti
of murder and acquitted on the ground 0- hiwere sof
tNet.ty-three, sn,l from 1845 to 1849 there
ocose%,
eight so acquitted; uhilst last year sixtee!,b,pooll4
murder were permitted on that plea to eseaP.wh'sd
wises!h
went of death. Look what improvement they had th i
by abolishing the punishment of flogging . broeet the
and the "v?, and yet that mode of Punls a
r_re dousetbet
been strongly advocated in that House. es- 3 sur
efficacy of the capital punishment, and hiving*ra an essol
might do far more good to society byerne'
he Gov ,
pie of a merciful spirit on the part of t"- opio
itself. That would tend to humanise the
the crest,og
All should be taught that life was given bY jeelleoot
and that no man had a right to take it 5 Wald• frolOwo
that revenge ought to be altogether exelhought t`
the
legislation, and that the safety of society to oee
to be the rule and guide, he should be haPPY
1, Ise
punishment of death abolished. tse- ef
Sir G. GREY conceived it te be his anti „op Ile
same course upon that which he had taken nrerto (.3
occasions when the Hon. Member for Pulu'4,,, tOl, I
Ewart) had brought forward his motion, nstit7iolo of
ode
;he house not to entertain a Bill for the Ab9i.`ch he 0
punishment of death. The grounds upon" "'I% eiSitinoi
this request were these : that he believe the of "io,
nance of that punishment as a Ptirtar the, re
penal law was indispsnsably necessaria-bittA"bieb
terests of society, and imperatively domande" file
gard to the protestion and security of hum the
Gees')
the community had a right to expect frolll4oo, no'
ment and Legislature of this country.-- tiered, dos ir
They-were not now, it should Le remern,..po for
with those cases iu which capital punibut.th'rseleri 011
hinted for crimes of a comparatively 'jell; cllered,yedell'
since the sear 1841, not ono person had !,"6,1 gnu , fir
in this country, except for the crime of "'";selebe' his
berate murder.—(Eli ar, hear.) The nOn• bei
Montrose said we had no right to take un,0051,400.
which God had given; but upon that point
.`1" the Ps
Gentleman
express a totally different opinion. Diu., lo
Gentleman mean to say that if a person eat,":ael .00
away his life he would not be justified b? !Pa; t era if
of God and man in takin away_ the life of
in order to preserve his own? —(faear, eil) IOP
so, did it not necessarily follow that the stet° or,o'
il (el iu imposing capital punishment for the Pre: rag ilia
of innumerable tires; for he believed that th°rial‘,.dl4
tion of intiurnerab!e lives was the result of contr: "‘a-.01
punishment of death. The abolition of this 1b0,,t0
have the effect of increasing the destruction ~,0117ilf
We, and he contended that human life t °`„,-111
sacred by the maintenance of this law as Pii-pridwer
criecinal code.— (Hoar.) It was said that 11115 of toe
had tei terrors ; but, judging from the oPie";,-0 er°,,,01;
sons who were the most, nom greet to fir the "00
he believed that it was the most terribly, 11i,,treci; thol,
dreaded, of all punishments that could be il)%1: ful.'ool
I.e thought, th. redone it should be re;ertlee
crime for which alone it was now ii:flicteo-Th'ibea-
wilful and deliberate inurder.—(llear, isb",ecor
Gentleman said that it was a most uncertautfrri°oB;,
but test it as he might, he would find any►c.
certain in its application and ieflictien tbe-pe esti)l3ll,
penalty on the statute book. Oct of ninete:cl,
wreigthardthetoparttht
capital conviction last year fifteen were Ote(3)orot rerslo
cuularsnuatolwerX
re be fhtb
gplafoinurt,he :010
6109ri0..„;ir;
not being carried into effect. He colt," - ofbe
Housewa that the duty of the Secretor}
t 0 tb~
His
inot that which it was suP°9e,bin)‘
Ills lonourable Friend seemed to, sea',
it was a mere lottery whether the etiPit, dercele'
was carried into execution or not; that 1", of
upon the indvidual character of the Secoeturitet,°;ol
who, if he were a person of benevolent cbareesitee;
supersede the law altogether and refuse t°oortlif°,ol'
capital. puni,hm, nt to be enforced. But ail er tb
hhis (Sir G. Grey's) view of the duty he be".;t eititlbee lee
conci.ived that he should be grosslY „,:s ofy
trust reposed in him if he allowed the feer"Zlo*,'oll
volence to interfere with the execution of ;:-„,3111.,,/"001:
less after fall consideration and communiclaa-h eokrele
judge he was satisfied that the case was etioh tsar/
justify, justify, according to the principles upon w"or tir
ought to be. xecuted, either a commutatiou bee
sion of the sentence.—(Cheers.) bet we
result if this punishment were abolishel, et,e feejoil
Gentleman said that' revengeful and vindietif ;bed,
ought not to enter into the execution e•ipfroy
but vindictive feelings formed an ciente° orepolP,
nature, and the lion. Gentleman must be /Vbe eV°
vindictive passions existed in humannature• ‘,oos:ieff
nr - ~po
Gentleman said that a murder was canna
without
calling forth expressions of abbe
of
r
oration against its
;f justice towards theperpetrator
ot:f e.
nd er nTi
They
eeyp,asr
n"t :I:lllo,,ite:jte:
But what was the effect now? The public sew:, 01,0
that thekneovl
It was nenteheerefowrouthldebe a- public. asod-for.pes;
fence would be brought befoPrrec'savjeaurtylo,nan:
tosis,
oder,ltidf
viction took place the law would iotuc' tisbe"fete.
punishment. But suppose this law were BP holtdeold
t tit was generally known that a Intlderstllo
atrocious or revolting the circumatances t'f,i4eeflJititol‘3lll
be followed by the capital conviction tutu e-sWiri
the criminal, then private revenge would bei,loltiee',ool:
for that legal adjudication which now tou'flie,
personal. violence, as the result of that reve7,llo'd'lrt;
follow. Having quoted an extract frons them- etif
Committee,:i of the House of Ccrnmons ia r,notae,d,
Right Hon.
punishment for the crime 0i —00'00:
elnla ungmni
net ,nidtahnanete.
pressed opinion w
Gentlemanhoeft
denied
thpartopcueebellieciattiohslisiy,r; was e;,,
punishment. True, 11l iti013.0011.1
abolitiond_
to_uthtint woafstheeater to get up a meeting in, ,;:rejelCiiiie
as in favour of its au°,,ooar. ;
Punishment of death—an° ffe
bet
it
Secretarytug
th e it
17
ofl Statel'as tnio egne:h. u pNae
vmere e tiinng ni s agp"..;,:000?;01
had any individual, Ot „f . g:
of individuals, asked that the sentence of
passed upon a person convicted of till 13• .!
murder should be carried into execitit`tr.ef°,'l;oll6
a thing hai never been he- of. Anal:ice s
asked the House not to be led by the Petir,,liot
had been presented, by applications in partie"e tbs"ooo'
or by public meetings on the subject, to beitelabe ad/ •
general feeling of the country was in favour °a 0'011;
tion of the punishment of death. He had ate°7ol Vt.
fur believing that such was not the aal'avollag„
very greet terror would be spread abroad Pier,
the country it the crime of' murder were o°.p. r tfr
lowed by the punishment of death. :o°l
reasons he trusted the House would not 85- (Y.
motion. hi Ct 11°03 ji°
Mr. BRIGHT said, that though the sure if/don
discussion might not have made much progre-003 Phri
House, yet that out of the House intelligent tit/0 efl
men in vast numbers were c f opinion that thenfet? f Ord
come when capital punishment might with 'eke eoo{
propriety propriety he abolished. Admitting, fur tbe.,s-„y 11";0'
ghtiiecn, ehneewtahnaltdsaosciiie,ty had the right to take 1).-ttOti3/
punishmenta ofdeath should emit nue? The Ptgoolf was it politic and expedietii.;. tit 096
cllronet had told the House that there was 11°r 11°0!
"imcc puni,hable with death in this countre
must be aware that within the last 90 y care, AS of 0/
accession of George 111., the criminal Of iltob,e'tliii
country had excluded capital off' es to the oc,
not less than 240. It °IC t, h 0- j )
nurin4 was found that the " and' hi
tbb,ccriratiainlgainyd, eru,-1 system was an entire feilltre,e' net; dfi
the last 90 years capital o'ii-5450";01
a been reduced from 240 to one. But sie,c we -'ac°ll.lgi'ljr'
007 than we were 50 or 60 years ago 013 lip Lei
t mildness of the criminal code?— (Cries °a soy ,'br
!.ear.") The Reeht Hon. Baronet had clra`Bll,oo,-tlie
cure of what would happen if the puri.chnivnt Ce'"o
tishe d. Let him remind the Right- honourable elfele
Old boll°
man that the same arguments were used, of 0,,011Ae
more fearful picture still oi the consequenc°e4o toov,
keg it was exhibited by the Right Hononra" 60J,i0/
tuna who filled the office of Hume Secretor? dottbr
ago ; but there was no reason whatever I.°

iia

1'

.
net person and property were more secures how t.e.ann
.
al
flier n,this senile:in' e y punishwent was so reercilessly ih. 0
,e.'u• %Then .111:11..sti eh t Honoureble Berms( t rued i:, t
he
shee'3 speech next •3-ea: that he hel merle t s,r.le.h,
and
_
hoped lie would add another branch to the suoicee d
/ttr the Rouge some particulers relative to the een.ets of
titreabolition of capital punishment in other c untricr, in
erder to i
ruow that human lif • and property had been
etr'eered less secure in those countries than they vv: re
th° gene that capital punishment eas i
/ogee - ' - .
LA L..; In Tuscany, in Belgium, in Prussia, t
wanids
);7„riered in Rude also, capital punishmee
Lare-;7;eallY abolished, and it would in all pro-
--ty be soon put an end to in the Ameri-
can States of Michigan, Ohio, New York, and Massa-
°,l4tiestts. Tlae Hon Member then proceed to argue thats.
6, a Practice of hanging did not deter from the commi ;lee a
p• 'oi the crime of murder. &son after the spring tas-
;lrv! i n the year 1844, four men were hanged for reorder
tiss"enagh, Tipperary; but within one week fromthat
ice 4 MUrder was perpetrated on the high road close to
that ,
'll "ewn, and in the course of six months of the f.,1,,1,0i w•r;
Itligarniiren and winter 16 murders were corn n,,t,,,, c
5i,)
ease sitttle neighbourhood. 16 attempts at rahrde e . 1
es of firing into dwelling-houses. Again,
iteY rewas there
in in t ason to suppose that the hanging of the
rho
of ifs'land had in any degree deterred from „l, , 1 i
Peuris"ing? For his part, looking at the cha.rec er o,
the P".801:15 by whom this crime was commit t ,d, he
elettett. they might fairly come to the conclusio a that
hs_ eantetion of capital punishment was not likely to
br the effect which it was desirable that it sh 'Wel
Nye' bput there was one view of the q tes-
of tithew,..i.ch was altogether fatal to the argument
site .9'eht Honourable Gentleman, and that was tee
and
the 4in°d!earY incepiality of the punishment,
the eritable injustice which arose from that i.rinenci4eea;
st Cop' 1849 a woman named Mary Ball was h
.. a
spee_lentry for poisoning her hu*band, and au.o.her
chi dap %rat banged at Devizes for..i
eon,: A third woman, named Charlotte h
Harris, was
poisoning her in-ant
be „leete_o of murder and not hanged; she appened to
ohiregnalat, and was resited until the birth. of her
ti d, but to have hanged her then the Right Hon.
4,riepene! thought would rail in produing the good results
sen;" a• seemed to anticipate from hanging other per-
Whe. 4gaie, there was the case of Mary Ann Hunt,
100, was convicted of the murder of her mistress. She,
eee Wtta Pregnant, though an unmarried woman, and the
"oe-ealltimi of the sentence was respited and subsequently
iseeiree e.
sties a.`,.". Rut a practice like this was not in accord-
'
bel: rite the the Principle upon which punishment should
"'lttfZetee.
It was playing fast and loose. with the law
aith• wit d'
the lives of the uncortur ale criminals who camease
IN irithe operation of the law. Mary Ann H ecnft'aCrah
Th0471:4 st an exactly parallel one to that
tdateal I, who murdered her mistress and was hanged at
stsn - under the most awful and appalling cirdcum-
gdhee:Celtib7 Ann Thomas was tried to be coaxed outi,..
the clergyman, and failing that was. re:,
a state t: of it by a policeman, carried to the scsil Ad in
vie,,,-",, of screaming, and there executed before the
Woman°l Many thousands of persons. The ether,.
feeen was nut haneed at all. There wls no nif-
direeree between their'ciimes, but there was the utmosten
eeeveettlFe possible between their punishments.
eliti,heicieef,:nthg:33.aerntlemde ego with a learned judge on the
functionary told him never to take
that ages opinion on the abolition of capital punishment,
lahleineth,Y had done so they would have been still
ee4.l's for sheep-stealing and forgery. Having for
epees see
the system in operation, they believed it to be
'Jr Sary,
1, and defended it accordingly. Let them not
Wasgeth- ' t the, innocent were sometimes hanged. There
titn ,e ease ef Michael Howard, who was hanged in
„ trice ; ..,
"asses ,'n oeptember, 1847, on the evidence of wit.-
eoesi- tvuo, On the trial of another Michael Howard, his
veili,;) in the following spring, also gave testimony on
he e,o„;ehe latter was likewise sentenced to death; and
the ~,,,.4", have been executed but that it was proved that
ss*liieeltaesses had perjured themselves on the first trial,
rioee, leMited in the execution of the first Michael
befetr". The respite fir the other only arrived two days
Nal.: titer time fixed for his execution. The uncertain
*ere °` the evidence on which capital convictions
oe Ann obtained, as shown in the recent case
44 "ye Merritt, charged with poisoning her husband,
ehild°' the L,,,,
Denny, charged with murdering his
f,er e4,was (mother element of wrong. It would be
flow ar, to adopt the system of uaishineet which
44 pltee-in ''';
.1783 mentioned as being more etf.etual
tisheee are in the repression of crimethan capital p.u-
iieenai" had been—viz imprisonment fo• life, with
lash, h whiPPine; and te.:oueNts he was no advocate of the
tet, e. Still thobught that that system was preferable to
that ditiTng in this countr • It would be easy t , show
lltneeeeulea of deterring from 3. the commission of crime
Possibec aof capital punishment was the most untenable
Prevent tit© he execution of Rush, at Norwich, did not
,ars et ~, Man Gleeson from murdering several mem-
teligie - '!trilY in Liverpool. While the country was
Itieetlg with tl,rtt affair, and in a very short time subse-
PablieY„,'.while Gleesou's uffsir was still fresh in the
,tleiiee'renr,d• the lannings were not deterred from mar-
to tee,C'olirlor. What they were bound to do was,
!No le the People that human life was sacred—that
to 01,1„4s
snot to raise his arm against his fallow man; but
tee 0 order odo
ee they must withdraw from men's eyes
life ttesrantten of a law which prorei to them that human
Sir G Asnerrd.
ioealseet io-rel.Berl7.expl,,ined that what he bad stated eith
tee ' ring to the judges is as, that he referred"
tit Jedges
at au on doubtful points, but he never itnelleo
t°ith res" uegtee ef responsibility rest A upon the judge
11Pers thr,Pe,,et to the execution cf the seutonce, but solely
Me S. 'E'eretary of State.
atirel
~.. ADAIR believed that human lire might be se-
tteealie_theet having recourse to taking away the lives
medivals, Experieece proved that neither amengst
eet ora,ted or tee unedueated clesses did the punieh-
thsereeo;:o"atilia,iperate, as 'a
provpnlive to crime. He
: 'Melee. ts on the House to assent to the motion for
'a ee dogged,'on feeling assured that by so doing they would
• erentid feeling
the security which the law threw
Ste lire of the but-jeer
The W Alt ' -
et_ . ep led.
.:t.unse divided, when there appeared—
eor the motion : - . 40
Against it
MajoritY..agal .•• -
, 46
1.1 nst the motion ..... 6
r• F rye TUE CHARTER.
trPre efr ' ONNOR moved a resolution to the follow-
ecipie:t'or'' That; this House, recognising the great
a pew at labour is the source of all wealth; that
iee I tee are tee 1 . .
his aeoueer
eh_ -,,i,?ti y legitimate source of power; that
tat:)wri i4dOStruUjet be the first partaker of the fruits of
tii,?ttritly,
..._ .3. ; that taxation without representation.
hit:reseette:neufshould be resisted; and believing that
Oa I Made country would be best developed by
sseain by. retphreesentatives chosen by the labo ing tililtlir,se_iti;°O7aJiltn,c,atiorne with.those who livehbyother industrial
tee:plate adokl eogni.tiop of the above great truths)
el entitled eta
the principles embodied in the deco-
the
annual
People's Charter--namely,
orei ea. Universal
kt.,_ 14triets,
COsuffrage, vote by ballot, sepal elect-
as7ulberser ,e,eproperty qualifications, and payment of
eneee,
the °s an Ile
,regretted to see the Ministerial
at
stthat if ilk Pie!, and he begeed to remind
Dee *ue ' PeoP'e were tranquil on the sub eec .. _ens Present. moment, while trail) was pros-
)4
a' i a 5 by Co meens certain that they would re-
litliie":4 When
a tim f depression arrived. It was Pretter;".to point to the o
Pre,e-illve, for En relative proportions of the re
Proheetiheineeessit
he
4i-I ce directedY glend, Ireland, a,d Scotland, to
that to might
of a change. Their attention
lish pittedthe example of France,
.where
let'smwhee t a complete despotism had been estsb-
lee eh e the house ofthe President and the Leeis-
- ~ _
friteed hayanitinebtcBr. were alike protected by soldiers with
tialitild granting the o such results need be apprelieed,
he
el.. a charter in England, where the public
~,,tow his
~.._eeohtened aed ripe for free institutions. He
aliirta. fro7tthl-en would fail, as it had failed in former
the "8, eVer rcaiopposition of a Ministry backed by capi-
selsWe elleing ei,s), tu °PPose any meaeuro antagonistic to
r,4.ct to
which He
.He knew that, interesting as the
40,:e, and "Le" his motion referred WII3 to the
aucr_ortprobably be
he Ilse would every class
out of doors, the
rotor au probably
of counted .nut b,fore
ssete,A Use concluding, and he could
bleu' respire no try and the House that the people
iv.. tire which he anger proof of the necessity for the
richer, and the
,q.a,
..t 0 make "
theu rtitshthere to advocate. his only object
esuelel./.4, tlot nnderstende
bi,r4;lllg their „p the poor rich. H.e
conduct of the Protectionists in
the:l.:West Sugort to the motion of the Hon. Mem-
t_
owesricultural fraLthile other night for the extension of
ot. in the hands of 1".
that They were for placing all
teree.tt against it. Look ass, e!ass, and yet to a man they
and ~The West Ridio;" the result of the present se s-
whir3ath, for instance, e' .Yorkshire, Dublin, Cork,
egairfa,4eld they Would lichaeturned one Tory and one
nay,
.e itself could not spa that a house thus divided
t:tlioitit,t the land should 'bnd' What he desired to see
pier
requirements e cultivated according to the
,wtre to bete
and he w.' and not according to political
"1113Ort- core thQ IftW" convinced that if the Charter
Portion -e'eultural of the land they would cease to
trldre 4 "entry. TKroducc, and, in face, become an ex-
AnZhe Rouse, wi; Ihn• Member was continuing to
tie un- Meet, en
o 1 'Alger Meet,
moved that the House be counted.
44 tW 4 were or
et eutysni„_ dared to withdraw, and there being
alfpest -a"? Members present, the House adj -urned
'4'grit 'clock till to-morrow (diis day).

~, SUNDAY POST'
gir '0 TUE EDITOR OF THE TIME&
I IA v '''''Aly residence being 120 miles from Dublin,alm
torree "t only the mortification of having
daysi and
frqtnstndence detained from England two
14 botk!lblin One by the new Post-office rcgulatitona:l,
Letor:lniltances Placing me in a worse position h
kradi- railways were in operation—in short, retr6oci
3easle eivilizition to the state of things existing
Ilittil 1/4130311% in addition, I have to witness the
ttvice.cl; travelling by my gate on every Sunday
11Ni:1,41'441 era Ploying men and horses without anyd
iillvantage, as the mail-bags are not "elle the
tiffkir°B ;ave exercised a great influence over
c.ll e °-
tbil "happy kingdom, and in this instance
if 2nnot but confer a benefit on it by replacing tp,
esirlilt,lsihles at least in the same osition July 7. Your constant reader,as in the last
GALVAENSIS.

TO A.
Flies ,t
ninsoll.—The following
tli lon tipon the stone recently placed by the Earl or
is: the
1) e pere over the grave of Addison in Westminster Abbey
Qaarielfit:ef are by Tickell. The Montague alluded to was
'St Earl of lialifax :.
t 4 vr_ ier
" ADlnsOrr.
ne to these chambers, where the mighty rest,
~Qlrice their foundation, came.a n. obler gue.st.;
4Nor 'er was to the bowers of bliss conve3ed
Ar,,f,airer spirit. or more welcome shade.
Y!? And for ever, take this long adieu,
`xllol sleep in peace neat thy 1 'd lit tague.
ov on
I y
! 16
—Died, 1719.
' tertOn) Earl of Ellesraere:PitTaii97•.'