The Sun.
London, England, 1850-06-01 00:00:00

'te li
H
tpu, t'ssY with the en. Gentleman on the division
11141',h 111.1
at question, found that the Emperor f
ro~ti carefully watching over the interests of
Nit;sultiects, had said in his speech from the throne,
he
turn hez would adopt ix eisures for su.pp )1%,
diii tierieuts,eith labour, the want of whihch lavve
14,,I,IsIbreasing." Now, to what labour could h
Iling?clearly to slave labyur, eand to
ar• It appeared that in the year 184 r there had
147,44P0rted into the Brazils 73,000 slaves, and that.
44°1:lunation had since that time been constantly ire):
suit;,g; and yet it was not sufficient to meet the
ode.
tielTr slave lahotar in that country. The same m
itii4CileY prevailed in the United States which pr.T-
lei;sib England upon that subjsct ; and the question with
ttshrentries seemed to be, not whether slaveryshoul I
40011,11 not exist, but how it could be turned to the most
ltat ttsii-le account. Nothing could be more inconsis-
tilse lab the whole policy of her Majesty's Government
eat, ph*t. question. He found, that notwithstanding.
tipa-4tlY attempts to suppress the slave trade, they
ltin-rlsented to enter into communications and to ex-
eni,te presents with the King of Dahomey, who was
&rieengaged in the capture and the sale ohf. I
gepoet eaY, that petty sovereign carried on fletT.
eihkacticeg by mixes of as army of 8.000 women;.
'the: having at one time applied to the representeativ,e)s.
ket;trajesty for 2,000 caps for the use
.of ihoNsowwho
(11s, et demand had been complied with.
tf the Be et
felt curious to know what was the nature
ittim- cps so supplied, and whether or not they we
tiit-eu ior defeisive military purposes? Ile. foun(
tisrea.nether of these barbarian kings decorated his war-
Ittighiji the cast-off wigs of gentlemen of the bar—(A
els-isislarld he (Mr. G. Berkeley) should be glTadresto-
key bNlether the gentlemen sitting on the
drat be ether
had supplied any portion of those
.hea.cl,-
G '8? It
'NI would certainly appear as if her Majesty s
tR the Tit had no very earnest desire of supp-ess-
-81" e trade, while they exchanged presents
eitrimartuirians who derived their revenues from t a
'le traffic
tott C. Our West India colonies did not fear.
?rads_ Petition of' any foreign country which raised its
Jtct,d" by free labour. But that to which they. b..
itbstl,was the admission into our markets of slave
ttlist,.Pr?duce. Ile would tell them that if they should
ttonr'ego on much longer as they went on at pree-
tols,jar colonial empire would be lost.—(Hear.) Th
14:1a. e4taiba,!uie, instances were almost ripe for revolt;
,kted t any of the colonies the people wished they be•
,kind
is.° any other country rather than to England.
,ittissi ;as Much injustice in their mode of trea.ting. thed
'"oled/s• Berbice, for instance, they had maintained
71.,-,,titeh law, and had compelled the colonists to
Loss% `ue Maintenance of canals and roads which.. they.
6,NliseB„ed• He was glad to find that some intimation
‘,41, e -,"kebren of an intention to relieve them from that
;44 he said they ought to have been long ago
te-hlotli it. Her Majesty's Government hadl pizaro-
'lolloeu the same course towards our West
crudolui.
llit,t-ta Which the • had pursued towards. the a„ri
of
N, kit,°l this country. They had deprived them d
t‘,its•-tt:s had ruined their labour market—an
til;er(tteaer, haeatrer)agTaiheitrman, and man against miss-
policy had cast a gloom
I.httenr, it extended; and their law-making had, like
s'l,4l''sts'es of old, stained everything that it touched.
ed ,ILSON said the Hon. Baronet who had
b.`q js,lue dis and the Hon. Gentleman who
doewunsahl°ad placed the issue of the debate
1"„tt ae-,7(1 grounds. They said that the British colo-
slithe'pe cot indisposed to compete with free labour
5',43 s_,;e• The only thing to which they objected was
40 s• 'z'Pelled
htoeomplettewawsith the produce of slave
just two years since the
Hear,ttts hef eeart.)he House. The discussion which
then w°ra?
.preceded by a long and important
liss,'Y int
?Elrod° the position of the British colonies and the
OM • "acing countries of the world; and. his Hon.
isa.s4.lll order to justify himself for bringings_tohweoqtuheas-t
kik, lard again at this time, ought to have h
to two ears of experience he had some
.1!(1r(1 811°W why the policy then adhered to by the
ti.b'f.tertlioeothadnot scc-eeded, and why these colonies
threatened with more danger than they were at
th.the episeril would b necessary for him shortly to refer
Tice taken before the Committee in 1548, to
.1 suettons
as to what would be the result of
Zrke ~D4ronaent policy, and then to shot! how far
'l.bppl'redietions had been fulfilled. It was impossible
I,6\4raell this as exclusively a West Indian question.
rllikrliiri'ar.) It was impossible to exclude the large
itlttltalPlyrDisUctog countries in the East Indies, exporting
I_94st 0.000 tons, and producing four times that
e'lti'„asc,d the Mauritius, exporting 68,000 tons; and
"eSserst go.still furthe;.east, and include those new
name As which were rkaopsdl becoming sugar•growing
ayrapid glance at the pro-
liitleolts .toeerwould
kt,t, %"Tont h great take
of the British empire—
P-tius, and the West Indies. With
te44tealtet,:st3 detyleo9lVitahueryt had before them Mr. Anstru-
foreeiedu.Y.eXtensive planter, Mr. Christian, and others
tAllt with the island, by whom they were distinctly
si'l.etitrtlll,l they did not retrace their steps with regard
Ott "e, and raise the duty on coffee from 2d. to
Lkt. we's than three years the island would be a barren
;hat had the result? The importation
.s,"24,OffPo,,,the.lsadssinbgeeotif the measure from 20,000,0001bs
to
49uuulhs. in the next year, and in the following
1 'rely tooo,ooolbs , being thus doubled instead of
ts,:tr,'oihilated; and they were now told by Cey-
k l'as'sebants that protection had become a dead•
Itill4ls;',‘ entirely unimportint because, notwith-
10q,napetition, they had 'managed so far to
es"ool,.;_neteir cultivation and the qusntity supplied to
, that now the importation from the British
st;zeeeded the entire consumption of this country, '
:rs th Plus remained for exportation to the continent,
Vs4l. ;cr wer had to contend with the ma,kets of the
sh s told the quantity would he
kik No Is Year the were
Th,- Let it not be supposed that thistwa.esaor,wibne4_
Vt it ,14 prices ranging during the presen
IN 'tin have been the result of the prices) of the
411 1114 Year, when they were the lowest ever known.
4tl 'raj
loriNlorinee to the East Indies, they had before them
k;t4 most able directors and officers of the East {
(4'1)4.11r, and amongst others Mr. Tucker,_ Mr...a I
14-4711411 d Colonel Sykes, who. stated that unless lath
4,1144 sugar it would be impossible for us to find a
on °or manufactures there, and the whole evi-
th:istmil the subjeet was most discouraging. Mr.
a very eminent merchant, told them that if
I:sl(t‘i sii/illsrt "- not a protective duty of 103. per cwt. the I-
itkrttst ss
ns
slim from the East Indies would fall in
iltst'iSst Year from 60,000 to 40,000 tons ; and that
4in(btheu'r four years the importation would cease
Van 1%., They had also witnesses from Madera%
top parse in the same strain. Well, two y
1001) to "; and instead of the production. falling from
Itt'abi 'O,OOO tons, it was a great consolation to him
Isibititt.t° aay that the imports had steadily increased
lipesth Present time, and during the last year were
any preceding year. They were also well
tofriviOso qt.' in the present year there would be 75.000
Etto?.lls. He next came to the Mauritius. That
lib,' ue time when this evidence was given pre-
tply Picture of gloom, perhaps unequalled in the
set)iit,ithe British 'colonies. All the British mar-
, very few exceplioas, hod become bankrupt,
Vis`a.aonnected with the trade of the Mauritius
11:1•4t4 3._t4te of insolvency. They we're told by Mr.
(tlh' ttu ensinent merchant, that withou
t a duty of
iltikti,ths"itZalnst foreign sugar, it would be imosseil:le.
i'll-ii,etlitiVatioll could be maintained; and ith was i
th'44 cultivator in the island must e ruined.
til'rZattb the same effect was. given by Mr.
...Hunter,
ttc~rcultivator of estates in the island, by Sir G.
teihrtit„ii.,crl Mr. Chapman. It was
powerfulnotsurpmrispirnegsstiohnat;
ist`-'lee should have made a i
4th the result ?In the three years pre-
-114; period of 1846, when slave-grown sugar was
144'. kale-the production was 34,000 tons; but in the
years, including last year, the average
ItT' ;,iit'ilwaS 50,000 tons; and this year, it was confi-
ttse'%Vcilinted that the production would be not less
lii7el° tons. Next came the West Indies. The
trilinselicinortation for the three years preceding the
cilit's;bll of slave-grown sugar from the West India
ltle Is„a' 127,000 tons per annum, while the average
115,111,..t1iree years was 148,000 tons; and the impor
ki'''ooDii; the present year would probably be fromom
b-140,000 tons. After sitting upon the C -
bet
e• to which h© had re-
-13. e Welch the evidence as as • from
1))alti. given, and after deriving information
dis.
TA to to which he had access, he was not
,lf,"tlih'ilestion the distress and suffering which
shad
be he West Indian and all the sugar ctottohniineg.
to
tlit-tqr.) But it was a totally different
11'11:-„t Slid say that it was to be cured arisen.ro-
;t:L' ..I,ellbelieved the distress to havethe.
withdrawal of protection, but from the
ttff iix'Jttetti of years gone by, by which property had
t'.„*the' 11tted in some instances and burdened in t
s'ag.eraf weight of which had been thrown on the
tt'laZilaitsh!„,o,l proprietors. They had before them the
'tl fr
aletober for South Cheshire, who had just
74.1,‘ al-bl. a visit to his own property in the Westh
kitt,ectiit said that he had been told that
res
lii:;tlY happy in having one of the best manage.
4t 91 to When he went there, however, his
tl hew he h *ever received anything from
thel'e-",se eoransoneast agricultural implements we.reehi.
14, moused, and the manure was often. carried
tit'slits:e°, to Place by handsful. He insisted on
vs,: all shii
and what was the result ? By the
,44t111),t the the Hen. Gentleman he had seen the account,
24k r,'lestilt of one year's experiment, which showedhe
3;0061. out of 9,000/.—(Hear, hear.) They' t
joy.
t4;a; fort eea told that the cry of "cheap sugar"
'ive,„ lit the result of their legislation, iwnaa slioort.
i4sthtisZl, he to throw our own lands entirely out f
Il:sand When that was achteved rices would
thZultitted that a very large increapse had taken
Prolof ghat slave-growing countries, bat the chief pos-
te fee ceetirred between 1828 and 1840, when the
jlelte de .'lave labour was practically excluded.
is "'lied that a greater increase
lqi111)4 attlhate countries than in our ownhacolonies.
,rorta Rico, in the three years preceding
est-'iining the year 1845, when . the crops
sr as sbsY„" by a hurricane, the entire roduc•
'st,„ 1t- u,OOO tons, while during theP three
last
in
Tis`ttbl'esltatClounted to i 300,000 tons. In Brazil,
t
phs (Mon tre Precedir's 1846, the average production
e Itt tbbB, and in the three last years 108,000
he British West Indies in the three years
Isik,tlB46 the amount was 127,000 tons, and in theh
c'itles6 _33 ears 148,000 tons ; in the Mauritius, e
Lls„. I'l%l "4„'°oo tons, and of sir 50,000 tons; in the
' th." q4si "ei.ore 184'6, 64,000 tons, after 72,000 tons.
bhp
_g the quantities shipped. From the whole
ieej,,hu Possessions the average quantity for three
0 tons, 1836 was 225,900 tons; after that period,
tistbl)s. 4"u; or rather more; thus showing an increase
(e Tit:; Porto Rico of 20 per cent.; in Brazil of 11
!te.‘,l,l:4,attxti in the British possessions of 20 per cent.
N-Lob, -r*) But there was another important consi-
l'es. •Flom 1810 to 1840 the consumption of sugar
I sear al •
ti
le bkf almost stationary; at all events,
.. for about
Ea's 45 thereD 1844 there had been no visible increase.
tittl. first alteration in the sugar duties took
141846 w change glse took pliwo in the law.