The Sun.
London, England, 1850-12-23 00:00:00

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LONDON, MONDAY, DECEMBER 23, 1850.

The meeting of the Commissioners of Sewers on
Friday was rendered important by the announcement
of Sir DE is BECUE that the Commissioners had ac-
tually, in the construction of the Victoria- street
sewer, commenced carrying out a system which com-
prised the entire abstraction of the sewage from th•
Thames upon the northern side to at least a distance
equal to Galleon's Reach, coupled as it was with the
statement subsequently made by Mr. PLTO, that the
plan for the southern side of the river relieved the whole
of the southern district of the met ropolis with tw,
lifts only, and afforded the power of removing thf
whole of the sewage to any distance required or de-
sired, provided it should not be found that at the
point they proposed to stop the public had in the
meantime made such arrangements as should utilize
the whole of the sewage, and that, although the new
Victoria-street sewer must necessarily discharge
itself for the present at Scotland-yard, yet that ulti-
mately the whole of Westminster and the whole
of the City sewage would be discharged
at such a distance down as should be be-
yond the reach of London, and from which no
practical evil can ensue. We are rejoiced to receive
from a gentleman of such high character and such
extensive practical knowledge as the Hon. Member
for Norwich, this distinct pledge that the waters of
the Thames will be preserved pure ; for, be it ob
served that Mr. PETO has declared that the plan
proposed affords the power of removing the sewage te,
any distance required, and the required distance
he himself admits to be " such a distance down
as shall be beyond the reach of London," so that
we may now congratulate ourselves that there is "a
good time coming," when we may hope to be sup-
plied with pure water from the Thames itself.
Whether or not it would be more profitable to dis
infect the sewage, and extract from it all its fertilizing
qualities, suffering the clear and inodorous superna-
tant fluid alone to escape into the Thames, is a
matter which we will not now stop to discuss,
so satisfied are we with the promise of
Mr. PETO that the sewage shall be disposed of in
such a manner as to be beyond the reach of London.
We congratulate our fellow-denizens of the metropolis
on this most important decision—a decision for which,
we believe, they are solely indebted to the reconstitution
of the Commission on the Bth October, 1849, and the
substitution of practical men like Mr. PETO for mere
chattering amateurs. Mr. STEVENSON, and Mr. PETo,
and Mr. RENDEL were solicited on that occasion
to become members of the Sewage Commission as a
matter of great public duty, and as such they con-
sented. Since that period Mr. PETo has devoted
gratuitously to the service of the public, on this Com-
mission, a period of time equal to no less than seven
months, during which he and his brother Commis-
sioners have examined the reports on no less than
700 miles of main sewers, have examined the
whole of the plans submitted to their predeces-
sors in office, and have formed and mapped out a
plan for the whole southern side of the river. These
statement show that, at all events, Mr. PETO and his
coadjutors have not been idle, and he declares that he
is prepared to remain in London, and to follow up this
matter de die in diem, until the plan shall be com-
pleted. The constant presence at the Board of a
gentleman of Mr. PETO'S great experience must be
invaluable, and he is entitled to the grateful thanks
of every inhabitant of the metropolitan districts for
the manner in which he has devoted himself to their
service, by giving to them gratuitously the incalculable
advantage of his knowledge, experience, and energy.

In the arrogant aggression of the Roman PONTIFF
there is something amusing from its v€ry audacity.
The advisers of Pope Pius the NINTH, in this recent
freak of ultrainontaneism (for we acquit his HoLINEss
himself, a weak, well-meaning mar, of the possession
of sufficient " pluck " to originate a deed of such sin-
gular daring), hive reckoned in this instance without
their host. Vaulting ambition has o'erleaped itself.
It is true that as JOHN BULL was meditating peace-
ably upon things in general, on the state of the money
market, the glories to come of the Exhibition of '5l,
his winter's stock of coals, and Christmas cakes and
ale, all at once, without warning, provocation, or the
remotest inkling, he received a sudden slap in the face
that resounded throughout Europe. Little did the
honest man dream that after the late chapter of acci-
dents in the Ausonian land, St. Peter's had
such a shot in the locker reserved for his
especial Lehoof. It fell not within the com-
pass of his imagination to anticipate that
the Chapelgorries of the Vatican, who, but for " the
holy bayonets of France," would, long ere this, have
been sent skirring out of the gates of Rome, like a
flock of scared flamingoes, with their attendant

swarm,

"White, black, and grey, with all their trumpery,"
by the indignant people, who now unhappily
he panting beneath their suffocating oppression,
would dare to single him out for the butt
of their fantastic tricks. Would those dearly- beloved
sons of the Church, the Emperor of AUSTRIA, or the
PRESIDENT of the French Republic, who sent the other
day Lig )graph epistles of congratulation to his Emi-
nence the Cardinal of St.Pudentiana, permit the POPE
to nominate arbitrarily to a single episcopal appoint-
ment within their respective dominions ? Or would
the Bishop of ROME venture upon such an usurpa-
tion of prerogative in any one continental state, Pa-
pistical or Protestant, to say nothing of the schismatic
empire of the Czaa ? Unquestionably not, either the
one or the other ; and yet a country, the constitu-
tional Throne of which is based on Protestantism
—the headship of whose Church by law established is
solemnly vested in the SovimEiGN—which, even prior
to the Reformation, was ever vigilantly jealous of her
rights, religious as well as civil, and abhorrent of the
undue interference or the control of any foreign po-
tentate whatsoever—finds, in the middle of the nine-

teenth century—in the plenitude of her power—reposing
in the reasonably entertained security of her unstinted
toleration to all classes of her denizens—the very
existence of her National Church contemptuously
ignored, and her territory parcelled out among the
&tominees of an Italian priest. There are, thank GOD,
men—and we trust and believe many men—among
our Roman Catholic fellow•subjecte, who, like the
Premier Peer of England, loyal, religious, attached
to their ancestral faith, neither the slaves of super-
stitious dread or the tools of sacerdotal arrogance—
discountenance and deplore this rash escapade of
Papal extravagance. Whilst participating in our
regret at finding the dying embers of religious feud
temporarily rekindled by the application of a noxious
and untimely firebrand, they disdain to tarnish
the purity of their allegiance, to be either bul-
lied or cajoled into sanctioning what they know
within their hearts and consciences to be an unwar-
rantable invasion and encroachment on the principles
of the British Constitution and the sacred rights of
our constitutional QUEEN.
There was a straw thrown up a little time since in
Ireland, but the popular prescience was not suffi-
ciently sharpened to draw any conclusion therefrom
as to the way the wind was blowing. It has been
the immemorial custom to have the vacancies in the
Irish Roman Catholic hierarchy filled up as t hey
occur by means of diocesan election. The priests of
the diocese elect three names, which are submitted
to the Supreme PONTIFF of their Church, that he may
select one out of the three, no matter whether he fix
his choice on the Dignissimus, the Dignior, or the
Dignus in the list (so classified according to the pre-
ponderance of suffrages), and nominate him to the
vacant see. In the. instance referred to:the Primacy
had to be filled up. The three names were forwarded
in due course to Rome. But his HOLINESS thought fit
to travel out of the beaten track, and, scouting the
established privilege of the Irish priesthood, nomi-
nated to the high office the Reverend PAUL
CULLEN, an Irishman by the accident of birth, but
For a third of a century a resident within the walls of
Rome. This was a nomination ex mero motu, pre-
.airsory to that sweeping specimen of autocratism
,vhich has since inundated England with a batch of
eel disant bishops, but in which nomination, however,
-he Irish Roman Catholics seem meekly to have ac-
quiesced, and which has proved to be the first note of
the overture. Unless the junior be grievously belied,
4 charge similar to that advanced against the apostle
)f old cannot be alleged against his modern namesake.
roo much learning bath not made Primate PAUL
mad. It was pronounced by ANAXAGORAS that the
solar orb was of the same dimensions as the Pelopon-
❑esus, but our modern astronomer gravely and autho-
ritatively assigns to the sun a diameter of six feet !
If we err as to the exact quantity we are, of course,
Ten to correction. It has likewise been noted by
the curious that since his advent to the Irish shores
the taking the oath of allegiance has formed no part of
the proceedings of the imported Hierarch. This is,
we trust, an inaccurate observation. There can, how-
ever, be no offence in asking whether the Right Rev.
PAUL CULLEN has sworn allegiance to the SOVEREIGN
,f these realms, and if not, why not ?
The course of paternal love, emanating in this pre-
sent fashion from the Seven Hills, has not run alto-
;ether smoothly in another quarter of the globe. The
PRESIDENT of the Republic of New Granada has, in
s prompt and dignified manner, encountered the in-
troduction of certain Papal bulls recently addressed
to the clergy and people of that state, and certain
clauses of which the Government has conceived to be
an aggression on its prerogatives. Among other
grounds of complaint, are " the omission of a yawn-
Lion of the Government of the Republic," an the
omission of the oath of fidelity to the laws and
civil authorities (equivalent to the oath of
allegiance amongst us) in the formulary for the oath
,f fidelity and obedience to the Apostolic See." The
decree accordingly, protesting against the objection-
able clauses and omissions in the bulls, absolutely
prohibits all judicial or extrajudicial reference 'wha

4oever thereto, as sanctioned or tolerated by the Go-
vernment, and imposes a peremptory obligation on
;he new Bishop of CARTLIAGENA. of taking, previous
:o entering upon the exercise of his functions, and in
he presence of the Governor of the province, the oath
,f fidelity to the civil laws prescribed by the articles
,f the constitution. If these things be resented by
Catholic Grenada, are they not to be routed and
'touted by Protestant England ? Priestly tyranny
,hould be sternly checked, whether the would-

oe despot be a Pope in reality, or a
Pope in heart, whether he be MASTAI of Rome, or
BARRY of Exeter ! It is not to the man, but to the
,ystem, that we are sworn foes, and our Roman
catholic fellow-lieges should not be purblind to their
real interests. A sleepless lust of sway has reigned
on the banks of the Tiber for nearly three thousand
years, and we are now in the grapple of one of its
most desperate developments. It is not by parading
vlur FAWRESES, or by reviling the religion of our
Romish brethren, that we are to assert our abhorrence
)f " the arrogant and insidious" burglary upon the
krk of the Constitution. The question is one not of

mere theology, but of politics. The sentiments and
letermination of the free people of England have

seen pronounced in unmistakeable accents through-
'ut the length and breadth of the land,
Ind they confidently expect that they shall find

no hesitating or int fficient spirit in - the breasts
,f their leaders at the fitting season. Lord JOHN
tussELL, of his own free accord, took a bold and

nonourable position at the outset. Let him strive to
save the Protestant Church from foes without and

Eoes within ; from oppugnator3 and from traitors ;
From beasts of prey and from domestic vermin. He

tends in the gap, not inadequate, we willingly be-
,eve, to such a crisis. But woe to the Minister who

would dare to have recourse to dissimulation or
lelay, to tamper with the civil and religious liberties
if the empire, or to deal with this momentous matter

otherwise than in a fearless and straightforward
manner. Loss of place and power would be a trivial

calamity compared to the undying infamy which
would thicken round his head.

Mr. Arthur Russell has been appointed to succeed
Mr. Charles J. Grey as one of the private secretaries to Lord
John Russell.

ACCIDENT AT TUE LYCEUM THEATRE.—As Mr.
Morris, one of the eorps dramatique of the Lyceum, was pro-
ceeding towards the stage to act his part on Saturday night,
his foot slipped, and he fell with such violence that he severely
injured his leg, and had instantly to be removed to the King s
(Joliege Hospital, where, strange to say, he was, it is stated,
refused admission because he had not " a letter," as it is
termed. He was, therefore, conveyed to his lodgings in the
-reatest agony.
IMPROVEMENT AT THE GENERAL POST OFFICE.--

Workmen are busily engaged in a very extensive improve-
ment at the General Yost-office, in St. Martin's-•le-Grand,
the yard from the grand portico to the north entrance having
been excavated fur the purpose of forming a range of work-
shops (carpenters, plumbers, &c.), underground. The roof
will be of glass, and externally there will be no alteration in
the appearance of the edifice. The improvement has been
deemed necessary in consequence of the vast accumulation
t papers in the vaults. in some of which were the work-
shops. The new foundation will be carried out as far as the
outer railings in St. Martin's-le-Grand, and it is contemp-
lated to continue the works on the south side towards
Cheapside.

AYLESBURY ELECTION.—Mr. Sergeant Byles has
retired from the contest, the cause of which will be seen from
the following extract copied from his parting address : " I
have seen with regret some defections from .the ranks of the
old Conservative party in Aylesbury and the hundreds. For
those defections lam not responsible. I find they existed
before I came forward. Illiberal attacks have also been
made on me for private religious opinions, which I neither
obtrude nor conceal, which never have been a disqualification
for Parliament, nor any reason at all why a gentleman
should not be a friend and supporter of that Church which is,
and I trust ever will be, by law established. Under these
circumstances I can no longer, with advantage to you or sa-
tisfaction to myself, continue to be a candidate for the repre-
sentation of your borough."

SOUTH NOTTINGHAMSHIRE ELECTION.—There is a
strong probability that both the candidates in the field will
proceed to a poll. Lord Newark is relying upon the all but
omnipotent influence of the Dukes of Portland and New-
castlp Earl Manvers, and Lord Middleton. His opponent,
Mr. Barrow,i finds an arm of strength in the numerous small
f.eeholders and independent voters. He has, moreover, the
ecret sympathy and good wishes of the great mass of the
tenant farmers, who, if they dare, would support him openly.
Indeed it is highly probable that numbers of them will for
once risk the landlords' displeasure, and exercise their own
judgment in the use of their suffrage.—Notts Review.

THE GREAT BRITAIN.--This steam-ship has at
length been sold by the directors of the Great Western
Steam-ship Company, to Mr. Pa' erson, the eminent ship-
hier of Bristol, for the sum of 18,000/., being about the
seventh part of her original cost. Mr. Patterson is now
building in the dock in which the Great Britain was built a
for the Royal %Vest India Mail-packet Company,
and she will be six feet longer than the Great Britain.

THE BISHOP OF LONDON AND THE PUSEYITES.--
The Bishop of London on Saturday issued peremptory in-
: tructions to Archdeacon Sinclair ( Middlesex), and Arch..
deacon Hale (London), to institute inquiries into the manner
of conducting divine service in certain churches and chapels
iu his diocese. Rumours of his Lordship's intention have
been extensively circulated during the last few days, but the
commission was only ou Saturday definitively ordered.—•
ildvertiser.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris journals of Saturday
and yesterday.

The proceedings in the Assembly on Saturday
were of a most damaging character to the great
party of the reaction. Verily they have learned
nothing, they have forgotten nothing, and it would
seem as though, having taken M. GARNIER DR CAs-
SAGNAC as their writer of all-work, " the Minis-
terialisti" were anxious to revive the scandals of the
last days of LOUIS PHILIPPE in their entirety. It will
be recollected that lotteries in France are prohibited
by law, but that an exception is made in favour of
lotteries for small amounts, for the disposal of objects
of art for a charitable purpose. The brave, the self-
devoted garde Mobile, to whose fidelity in June,
1848, every individual member of " the great party
of order" owes not only his property, but his life,
have been treated by the clergy and aristocracy,
and beaurocracy, with characteristic ingratitude,
and turned adrift without a provision. It
struck M. CARLIER, the Prefect of Police,
that he might exploite these brave men, and accord-
ingly he proposed a lottery scheme for sending them
to California as a work of charity, the prizes to con-
sist of ingots of gold, which were the works of art.
M. BAROCHE, the Minister of the Interior, thereupon
gave the required authorization, and the lottery took
place. The ship was to have sailed in November, but
no departure took place, and the accommodation pro-
vided for the unfortunate emigrants was of so
insufficient a character, that two gentlemen, who
had been induced to become orginally members of the
committee, resigned in disgust. Under these circum-
stances M. PASCAL DUPRAT, on Saturday, interpo-
lated M. BAROCHE the Minister of the Interior, on
the subject. The Minister replied, and concluded by
moving the order of the day, pure and simple, which
is tantamount to a vote of confidence in the Ministry;
this was rejected by a majority of 426 to 192, and there-
upon M. BAROCHE declared he would resign. The great
party of order was immediately thrown into the
most admired disorder, and amidst the contemptuous
laughter of the Mountain, no less than forty orders of
the day motive were proposed by different Members, all
with a view of conciliating the protector of M. CARLIER
To add to the confusion, that imp of mischief, EMILE
DE GIRARDIN, ascended the tribune, and, when si-
lence was restored, read the following order of the
day
. .

The majority, satisfied, passes to the order of the
day."
This order of the day occasioned the greatest uproar
and loud cries of censure from the right.
The Presid& nt said that M. de Girardin had deposited
his order of the day on the table, but that he had re-
fused to accept it, and told him to reflect on its conse-
quences. lie persisted, and as it contained an insult to
the majority, be would consult the Assembly.
M. de Girardin said that his order cf the day was
perfectly serious; that a similar order of the day was
adopted in July, 1847, and that six months afterwards
a revolution took place.—(Loud murmurs, and cries of
" the forged message.") M. de Girardin, in reply, said
that the journal which had published the message had not
invented it, and that it was bon& fide a message of the
President of the Republic.—(Cries of " Shame, shame,"
on the Right )
The President then consulted the Assembly, and M.
de Girardin's exclusion during three days with censure
was pronounced by a considerable majority.
Much agitation ensued, and M. Emile de Girardin
left the hall.

Ultimately the following order of the day motive,
proposed by M. KEEDREL, was agreed to by a majo-
rity of 375 to 292 :

The National Assembly, confiding in the solici-
tude of the Government, passes to the order of the
day."

Count MOLE has of late been exhibiting Legitima-
tist propensities, and the rupture between him and M.
Times is complete.
The Three per Cents. were done at 95V. 75c.
BUSINESS DUNE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, DEC. 21.
Boulogne and Amiens, 9.1A1 —Central of France Orleans and
Vierzon), 16%—Dutch Rhenish, 31.4 East Indian, 12%
Luxembourg, 2% —Namur and Liege, B).4—Northern of
France, 15:%—Orleans and Bordeaux, 311 A —Paris and Rouen,
271/2—Rouen and Havre, 11—Sambre and Meuse, 31,4
Tours and Nantes, 5%.