The Sun.
London, England, 1850-01-16 00:00:00

N°. 17)882•
..1 I LONDON, WEDNESDAY 41, 1 1
t), ag
/4 li. ~
I gia trl , .
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, 4
CV,f • JANUARY 16) 1850.
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TIGIITLY SHELTER for the HOUSELESS.
rRESIDEST—The Eight Hon. the LORD MATOR.
TREASURER-JOIN L A BOUCII E RE, Esq.
In consequence of the Inclement state of the weather, the Central
Asylum was opened on the Evening or the 81st of December. The
appliviuts have been :IS follows :

Men,

Women.

Chihlren

Total

Lodgings

Rations of Bread

1,364

4,899

12,445

Subscriptions since

At the Committee Itoom.
Jahez Jackson. EFq. ..£3 0 0
J. Bradbury, Esq. . . 1 1 Oi
3lcssrs. Jacob Wrench

those last reported.
,Frederick Squire, Esq. .f 3 3 0
Mrs. W. Archer . 1 1 3
At Sir J. IT. Lubbock and Co's.
Miss C. Wheler, per Glyn

and ions . . . 2 2 0
James Lyon, Esq. . 1 0 0
T. S. Seager, Esq. . . 1 0 0
William Drysdale, Esq. . 5 0 0
E. P. . . . . 0 10 0
J. L. If. 5 0 0
Humanitas . . 2 2 0
John 11opkMson, Esq. . 1 1 0
Joseph Gandar, Esq. . 2 2 0
Rev. Win. Deey . . 1 1 0

and Co. . . . 1 1 0
R. W. F. Stevenson, Esq. 5 b 0
Messrs. J. Watson, Sets
and Co. . , . 10 10 0
1).
J. 11. M. . .
Octavius Wigram, Esq 5 0 0
r. T., from Mrs. Isabella

Troyer
C. S. N.

Mrs. Elizabeth Taber . 1 0 0
Themes Hudson, Esq. . 1 1 0
The Rev. A. H. Douglas 5 0 0
Mrs. A. H. Dougl..s . 0 0
Thomas Ponton, Esq. . 3 0 0
.... 1 1 0

Thomas Ridgway. Esq. . 5 5 01

J. E.

. 2 2 01

The Bishop of Peterbo-

rough . . . . 5 0 0
T. P. Warren, Esq. . 2 2 0
Thos. Johnson, Esq. . 2 0 0
Ohm. Kelsall, Esq. . . 5 5 0
Jas. Strachan, Esq.. . 1 1 0
B. Oliveira, Esq. . . 3 3 0
J. J. S. . . . . 2 2 0
Bobt. Main, Esq , per
Wm. Edwards, Esq. . 5 0 0
Wm. Smith, Esq. . . 3 0 0
Miss Smith • . . 2 0 0
Brickwell, Esq. . . 1 1 0
Miss M. J. Player . . 1 1 0
Anthy. 3lottley, Esq. . 010 0

THE QUARTERLY REVIEW,
No. CLXXI., is published This Day.

CONTENTS:
I. Natural History of Mall.
11. Clergy Relief Bill.
111. Agriculture—Draining.
IV. Memoirs of Lord Cloncurry and Mr. John O'Connell.
T. Free Trade.
VI. Venice.
VII. Lord Clarendon and the Orange Institution.
John Murray, Albemarle-street.

Price One Shilling, bound,
OLIVER GOLDSMITH,
a Biography. .

By WASHINGTON IRVING.
Forming the First Volume of the POPULAR LIBRARY.
Also just ready (forming vol. 2), price One Shilling,

REPRESENTATIVE MEN. By R. W. EMERSON.
London : Geo. Routledge and Co., Soho-square ; and all Booksellers.

This day Is published, in Bvo., price 55.,
A LETTER to the QUEEN on a late
COURT-MARTIAL.
By SAMUEL WARREN, Esq., F.R.S., Barrister-at-Law.
Win. Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh and London ; and
Wm. Banning and Co., London.
Sold by all Booksellers.

11HE ROYAL POLYTECHNIC
INSTITUTION, REGENT-STEEET.
The First of a Series of Illustrated Lectures, by Dr. Bachhoffner,
on the Philosophy of Scientific Recreation, daily at Two o'clock, and
In the Evenings, at Eight.—Au entirely new SO of Dissolving
Views of London in the Sixteenth Century, and as it now is, with
a Descriptive Lecture, daily, at Ualf-past Four, and in the Even-
ings at a Quarter to Ten.—Tho Views of Rome, including new
Views of the Interior and Exterior of St Peter's, with Dioramic ef-
fects, are shown daily, at One o'clock.—Lectures on Chemistry, with
brilliant experiments, by Mr. Ashley.--Experiments with the Diver
and Diving-bell.—New Exhibition of ChrotnatroPes.—The Ma-
chinery, Models, &c., explained.
Admission. ts.—Sehools, Tlalf-price.

'NORTON'S CAMOMILE PILLS are confi-
dently recommended as a simple but certain remedy to all
who suffer from indigestion, sick headache, bilious and liver Com-
plaints, heartburn, and acidity or the stomach, depressed spirits, dis-
turbed sleep, violent palpitations, spasms, general debility, costive-
ness, &c. They act as a powerful tonic and gentle aperient ; aro
mild in their operation, safe under any dreumstauces, and thousands
of persons can now bear testimony to the benefits to be derived from
their use.

Sold hi Bottles at Is. l 3 d., 2s. 9d., and Ils. each, in every Town
In the Kingdom.

CAurtoai—Be sure to ask for " NORTON'S PILLS," and do not
be persuaded to purchase an imitation.

nREDGE'S HEAL-ALL ; or Celebrated Em-
is.brocation, has long been known throughout the West of Eng-
land, as the most efficacious Remedy for Rheumatism, Lumbago,
Paine in the Limbs and Numbness, Sciatic and Paralytic Affections,
Face-acb, Sprains and Bruises, Barns and Scalds, Spasms and
Cramp, Stiffness of the Joints or Neck, Frozen Limb., Chilblains be•
fore they are broken. It is likewise an infallible cure for that dan-
gerous disorder the Quinsey or Sore Throat, in whi:h it was never
known to fail after a few hours applicatian.
Observe—That none can be Genuine unless the Stamp affixed to
each bottle contains the name and address of Barclay and Sons, No.
95, Farringdon-street. who have purchased the property In this
valuable article from the executors of the inventor, William Dredge,
late of Wisbford. Wilts. Retail price, Is. 13441. and 2s. 9d. per bot-
tle; and sold retail by all respectable Medicine 'Vendors in Town and
Country.

A
I A G E.
1.4 One half the wend are desolately single, and the other
eitpposing them married, questionably contented. Diffidence, or a
sense of right determine the former, and miscalculated hopes em-
itter the latter. The solitary one may shield himself under the plea
of caution and worldly prudence, and the indissoluble, regret nn-
emprosieg harry ; but the truth lies deeper. Physical incapacity,
end broken health, are the great hindrances to domestic happiness
4nd social content. The dowry should not be the only marriage set-
dement. Honour and justicedensand that health shouldfbrm an item
m the compact; it alone dignifies the alliance. Blighted hopes er
meglect wound more sorely than poverty or misfortune. Reader, if
these surmises concern yea, procure Dr. CULVERWELL'S little
idEMOIRS On Single and Married Life, " pub. in 2 vols., Is.
each (by post, in stamps, Is. 6d. each). Let no imaginatively
refined, or prudish feeling deter you, by their titles, nor be hindered
oy misinterpretation of their supposed contents, from obtaining
these. They are not intended certainly for mere idle cariosity, but
far the closet perusal of those mere deeply interested, to whom
they are offered as antagonistic to the empyrical trash put forth on
the above subjects, by unqualified authors, which alone or
,ogether, are a disgrace to the ago. Furthermore, two other
tittle publications claim your attention (same price Is. each,
by cost Is. 6d.) called " What to Eat, Drink, and
Mretd," and " How to be Happy." They are not merely
pamphlets, but equal in quantity a library volume, nor are they the
mere Ephemeral scribblings of the hour, but the study of the author's
!ifs who owes his present existence, health, and position to this eb-
servAnce of the maxims ho would inculcate—to do unto others as ho
worts lee done unto--to live after nature's laws—and to keep always
on the "sunny side of the way." The above works may be had of
Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row; Carvalho, 147, Fleet-street • Mann,
89, Cornhill ; Spokes, 5, Holborn-hill ; or direct (by post or other-
wi.e) from the author (who may be conferred with personally,
mornings mid eveninetal. le. Are•vll-plaee Regent-street; and all
Booksellers

FROM THE LONDON GAZETTE
OF TUESDAY.
DOWNING-STREET, JAN. 15, 1850.

The Queen has been pleased to appoint Henry
Samuel Chapman and Sidney Stephen, Esq., to be
Judges of the Supreme Court of the colony of New
Zealand.
Her Majesty has also been pleased to appoint Joseph
Michael O'Neill, Esq., to be her Majesty's Advocate for
the colony of Sierra one.

Her Majesty has farther been pleased to appoint
Algernon Montagu, Esq., to be Stipendiary Magistrate
fur her Majesty's settlements in the Falkland Islands.

ADMIRALTY, JAN. 14.

The following promotions have this day taken place
consequent on the death of Admiral of the Blue, Alex-
ander Wilmot Schomberg:—
__.

Vice-Admiral of the Red, James Carthow, to be Admiral
of the Blue.
Vice-Admiral of the White, John Wight, to bo Vice-
Admiral of the Red.
Vice-Admiral of the Blue, Richard Thomas, to be Vice-
Admiral of the White.
Rear-Admiral of the Red, Sir Thomas John Cochrane,
K.C.8., to be Vice-Admiral of the Blue.
Rear-Admiral cf the White, James Siurray Gordon,
to be Rear-Admiral cf the Red.
Rear-Admiral of the Blue, Peter John Douglas, to be
Rear-Admiral of the White.
Captain Sir Edmund Lyons, Bart. G.C.8., K C.H., to be
Rear-Admiral of the Blue.
Retired Captai❑ the Right Hon. Kendal Lord Somer-
ville has olio been promoted to be a Retired Rear-Ad-
miral on the terms Etated in the London Gazette of the
lit of Sept., 1846, but without increase of pay.
Commission by the Lord-Lieutenant of Dorsetshire.
Francis Pitney Brouncker Martin, Esq., to be Deputy-
Liewenant, Jan. 9.

J. Williams, Hampstead-road, builder, Is. 4d., any
I Thursday, between eleven and two, at the office of Mr.
Pennell, Guildhall-chambers.
A. Aikins, Finsbury-square, merchant, a further divi-
dend of ed., towards the first and second dividend of 9d.
and 74, on any Thursday, between eleven and two, at
the office of Mr. Pennell, Guildhall-chambers.
J. G. Uffsrd, Islington, common-brewer, 114., on any
Thursday, between eleven and two, at the office of Mr
Pennell, Guildhall-chambers.
A. Whi.e Bishopwearmouth, Durham, shipowner and
merchant, 7d , on Saturday, Jar. 19, or any subsequent
Sa►u:day, between ten and three, at the office of Mr.
Wakley, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
T. Fenwick and B. Kydd, Tynemouth, common
brewers and spirit merchlnts, 2s. 7d., on Saturday,
Jar. 19, or any subsequent Saturday, between ten and
three, at the office of Mr. Wakley, Newcastle•upon-
Tyn,.
J. Clementson, Whitehaven, Cumberland, tobacconist,
75., on Saturday, Jar. 19, or any subsequent Saturday,
between tfn and three, at the office of Mr. Wakley,
Newcastl, -upon-Tyne.
A. Harrison, Friars Goose, Gateshead, Durham,
alkali manufacturer, 2e. in part of first and second divi-
dends of 8!. and 45., on Saturday, Jan. 19, or any sub-
sequent Saturday, between ten and three, at the office of
Mr. Wakley, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
P. W. Smiler, Blackburn, Lancashire, bookselle-,
4a. 110., on Tuesday, Jan. 15, or any subsequent Tues-
day, between ten and one, at the office of Mr. Hobson,
Manchester.
S. Dodd, Manchester, fustian manufacturer, 2s. 6,1 d.,
on Tuesday, Jan. 15, or any subsequent Tuesday, be-
tween tea and one, at the office tf Mr. Hobson, Man-
chester.

W. North, York, jeweller, 4s. 3d., on Tuesday,
Jar. 15, or any subsequent Tuesday, between eleven
and two, at the office of Mr. Rope, Leeds.
NOTICES OF CERTIFICATES.
At the Court, Basinghall-street.
J. Tuhey, willow-walk, Surrey, builder, Feb. 6, at
eleven—L. P. Capua, Duke's-place, Ahigate, fruit mer-
chant, Feb. 6, at twelve—C. Bray, Landpw t, South-
ampton, trader, Feb. 7, at half-past one.
In the Country.
P. Millard, Steeple Ashton, Wiltahire grocer, Feb.
7, at eleven, at the Court, Bristol—E. Tapson, Cardiff,
coal merchant, Feb. 6, at twelve, at the Court, Bristol—
R. J. Ricks, West Derby, paper manufacturer, Feb. 7,
at eleven, at the Court, Liverpool—G. Chapman, Liver-
pool, victualler, F, 13,7, at eleven, at the Court, Liverpool.

THE CHOLERA, AND THE TEMPERATURE or THE
THAMES.
A table on page 3 exhibits, in addition to the results
which were printed lest week, the proportion of deaths
from cholera in every district cf London under the
several water companies. It shows also for each dis-
trict the general mortality at other times, and the
principal circumstances v►hich affect the health of
the people. Thus, in all London, 66 in 10,000 in •
habitants died of cholera; the annual rate of mortality
from all causes is about 252 in 10,000 ; the aver-
age elevation of the dwellings above the Thames
high-water mark is estimate d at 39 feet ; the persons
to an acre, 30; the persons to each inhabited house,
7 or 8 (exactly 7.4) ; the.average annual value of the
houses assessed under the income-tax (1842-3) was
40/. ; and the average expense of house and shop room
to each person is 5.5.95/. annually (Si. 12s. nearly);
2s. 21. weekly ; 3 5-7 d., or somewhat less than 4i.
daily. The drainage, density, and poverty of the
districts, it will be seen, ha-ve all a certain influence
on the mortality; and the deaths from cholera vary
also with the water supplies. Of the inhabitants of
districts supplied with Thames water taken from the
river above Hammersmith, from 6 to 17 in 10,000
died; of the inhabitants of districts supplied with
water from the river below Battersea numbers vary-
ing from 31 to 111, 166, 194, and 268 in 10,000 lost
their lives. The sewerage of all these districts is bad.
The Thames, besides supplying water to a great
portion of the inhabitants for washing, cleansing, and
all domestic purposes, presents the large evaporating
surface of about 2,245 acres ; which must be taken
into account in estimating the causes of the great
fatality of cholera in London. The contents of the
sinks and drains and waterclosets are disgorged by
the great sewers into the waters; and are agitated
with the mud in dirty solution, from which vapours
are given off day and night in quantities which the
phenomena of a " London fog" reveal. The cold
still air then condenses, and arrests the matter which 1
at other times enters the atmosphere invisibly, and
escapes observation.. The mean night temperature of
the Thames from May 27th to September 15th, 1849,
was 64 deg. ; the mean lowest observed temperature
of the air was 52 deg. ; so that the wide simmering
waters were breathing into the vast sleeping city
tainted vapours which the temperature of the air
would not sustain.

Undoubtedly, vegetable and animal matters in
water or air, however noxious they may be, undergo
decomposition, and are ultimately converted into their
inorganic elements—water, carbonic acid, ammonia,
different salts and substances. It is chiefly a process
of oxidation, and the rapidity of the transformations
depends on the oxygen present, the temperature, and
other circumstances. With a view to assist in de-
termining the effects of the Thames on the health of
London, Captain Dawson, It E., of the Tithe-office,
estimated fir the Registrar-General the areas of the
several districts, as well as of the surface of the
Thames in London, and Captain Sanders, of the
Dreadnought Hospital, has since 1844 taken obser-
vations on the temperature of this body of water,
which have been sent to the Astronomer-Royal, and
inserted by him in the weekly meteorological table.
It is a fact well worthy of attention, that after the
temperature of the Thames has risen above 60 deg.,
diarrhoea, cholera, and dysentery become prevalent,
and disappear as the temperature subsides. The
cholera reached London in the new epidemic form
about October, 1848 ; it prevailed through the win-
ter, and destroyed 94 lives in the second week of
January, when the temperature of the Thames was
37 deg. • it declined rapidly through April and May;
the night temperature of the Thames then rose to
62 deg. in the week ending June 2 ; with some fluc-
tuations it went up to 68 deg. in July, and remained
above 60 deg, until the middle of September (Sep-
tember 15). The deaths from cholera during the 16
weeks were 9, 22, 42, 49, 124, 152, 339, 678, 783,
926, 823, 1,230, 1,272, 1,663, 2,026, 1,682. The
mean
eega..
the night
de a
th
stemperaturefrem
e of h
ole r the
at
o'lm
8' Thames es fell
n the
week t o 56
,

September 16-22 ; the temperature gradually fell to

38 deg. in the last week of November, when there
was only one death from cholera registered.
The seven districts of London in which the morta-

lity is highest from ordinary causes are the IVest
London District (between Smithfield and the
Thames), S. Saviour's, Whitechapel, St. George's-
in-the-East, Chelsea, St. Olave's, and It3therhithe.
They all adjoi❑ the Thames.

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.
PORTSMOUTH, JAN. 15.—Admiral of the Blue
Alexander Wilmot Schoenberg died at his residence,
Bognor, Sussex, near this pert, on Sunday, in the
76th year of his aga He was a lieutenant of the
Solebay, 32, and served on shore at the reduction of
the French West India islands in 1794; end was
second in the Glatton, 56, in action with five French
frigates, in 1796; captain of the Loire, 48, em-
ployed in co-operation with the patriots on the coast
of Galicia, and captured the French ship Hebe, of 34
guns, in 1807. He subsequently commanded the
Dictator, 64, the York, 74, on the home and North
American stations; the Melville, 74, for the Medi-
terranean station. Between 1810 and 1812 we fi
ad
him chiefly employed in command of light squadrons
in the Baltic., where he watched a Russian fleet
in the Gulf of Finland, afforded great security
to trade, and so completely blockaded the
Danish cruisers that a single sloop-of-war
was a sufficient protection for any fleet of mer-
chantmen crossing the North Sea. He continued on
the Mediterranean station in the Melville, 74, until
promoted to the rank of Rear-Admiral, on the
23d of July, 1830. On the termination of the war
Admiral Schoenberg suggested to Lord, Melville
(then First Lord of the Admiralty) a plen, much
approved at the time—although eight or nine years
elapsed before any of bis suggestions were adopted—
for victualling the seamen and marines of the fleet,
wherein he was the first to propose the substitution of
tea, sugar, &c., for half the usual allowance of spirits.
In 1818 he printed, for private circulation, a tract
entitled " Naval Suggestions," many of which have
been embraced ; and in 1832 he gave to the world
his "Practical Hints on Building, Rigging, Arming,
and Equipping his Majesty's Ships of War,
The commissions of the late Admiral bore date :
Lieutenant, July 26, 1793; Commander, July 24,
1725 ; Captain, Jan. 1, 1801 ; Rear-Admiral, July
22, 1830 ; Vice -Admiral, Nov-. 23, 1841 ; Admiral,
Oct. 9, 1849.
Retired Surgeon Guy Acheson (1804) died a few
days since in Dublin.
The Sidon steam-frigate bad her steam up in the
harbour to-day, but was not taken out, as it was
deemed there was too much wind to allow of a fair
result as to speed being arrived at.
Rio DE JANEIRO, OCT., 1849.—Commodore Sir
Thomas Herbert, K.C.8., has been to Buenos Ayres
in the Harpy iron steamer, to visit Roses, before sail-
ing to England in the Raleigh, 50, which visit was
returned by the Governor at the lodging-rooms of the
Commodore. Exchange was 62 to 62i ; the market
glutted with ships and goods.
The Hydra steam-sloop, Commander G. Skipwith,
sailed hence on the 11th instant, at 10 r.m., to cruise
to the northward. On the 15th, at 10.30 A.M., between
Manguinos and Pum, she sighted a. brig at the dis-
tance of ten miles running along the land in a north-
easterly direction. She immediately chased, and the
stranger altered her course to gain the laud ; the
Hydra having cut off her retreat, and no possible
means of escape being left to the brig, the latter run
shore in a high surf. The Hydra then anchored
about two miles off the brig and sent her boats to
board. She was found to be the Imogene, of about
200 tons, which had left Rio three months previously,
and had on board about 550 slaves from Benguela. An
hour elapsed before the Hydra's boats reached the brig,
during which time the crew of the brig landed, and suc-
ceeded in taking with them about 150 slaves, nearly
the whole having swam ashore, leaving, on the arrival
of the boats, about 400 black., of which numb_r 352
were taken on board the Hydra. It now getting
dark, the sea increasing, and the weather threatening,
Commander Skipwith recalled his boats, leaving still
about 50 of the slaves, who were most likely landed
next day. No papers were found on board. Several
shots were fired from the Hydra to bring the brig to,
but no notice was taken of them. On the Hydra's
boats boarding, and until they left, the crew of the
slaver, protected by a sand-bank, kept up an irregular
fire of musketry, wounding Mr. Crawford, the senior
lieutenant of the Hydra, three of her crew, and one
black, slightly. The slaves have since been put on
board her Majesty's ship Crescent, at this port, and
are soon to be sent to Demerara, in charge of Acting-
Lieutenant Ileweson and Assistant-Surgeon Patrick
of the Hydra.

The Southampton, 50, Rear-Admiral Reynolds,
sailed on the morning of the 13th, for the Plats, to
relieve the Rsleigh, Commodore Sir Thos. Herbert.
The Cormorant steam-sloop, Commander Schom-
berg, arrived here from England on the 20'h ult.
The Harpy iron steam-vessel is to be kept on the
station as a tender. Her officers and men are going
home, and she is to he attached to the flag-ship.
On the 30th the Kestrel packet, Lieutenant Biker,
sails for Monte Video; th? Spider packet, Lieutenant
flaydor, for Santa Catalena; and the Griffon, Lieut.
Thurburn, for Pernambuco.

Dr. Morgan, acting-surgeon of the Hydrs, his
been superseded, and goes to Demerara in one of the
slave transports.
Mr. Ryan, master's assistant of the Griffon, and
Mr. Wildman, naval cadet of the Hydra, join the
Dmialus, 20, Captain Wellesley.
The Raneira tender was sold out of her Majesty's
service at Buenos Ayres, a few days since, for 1,300
dolls., and next day was resold by the purchasers for
1,500 dolls.