The Sun.
London, England, 1844-05-13 00:00:00

ADVERTISEMENTS INSERTED in ALL THE MAKE PAPERS, morning Noon, and Night, thereby insuring a TOWN and COUNTRY CIRCULATION, at ONE CHARGE.

WILSON'S SCOTTISH ENTERTAIN-
MENTS,
MUSIC-HALL, STORE-STREET, BEDFORD-SQUARE.
THIS EVENING, MAY 13, at Eight o'clock,
MR. WILSON will give (Second time) his Entertainment, entitled
JACOBITE RELICS,
In which he will sing some of the most popular Sengs
of the 'l5 and the '45.
PROGRAMME.
PAST I.—Clavers and his Highlandmen—Wharc hae ye been sae
brave, lad ?—When the King comes o'er the Water—Mother, Mother,
hear the News—The Chevalier's muster-roll—The Blackbird—
Donald M`Gillivray-0 cam ye here the fight to shun—The Piper o'
Dundee.
PART IL—Kenmure's on and awa, Willie—Lord Derwentwater's
Good Night—Awa, Whigs, awa—The sun rises bright in France—
Wha will ride wi' gallant Murray—Oh send Lewie Gordon hame—
He's coming again.

Pianoforte, Mr. LAND.
Front Seats, 2s. 6d. ; Back Seats, 2s. ; Private Boxes for Six, 155.;
or Eight, 11. Programmes and Tickets may be had at the Music-
skops, and at the Music-hall.
In the Press, the MUSIC in MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS.
Mr. Wilson's Morning Entertainments at Two o'clock, in the Ha-
nover-square Rooms, on Wednesdays.

CALEDONIAN ASYLUM.
The FOUNDATION STONE of the BUILDING for the Ex-
tension of the benefits of this Charity to Female Children will be
LAID by the Right Hon. the EARL OF ZETLAND, M.W.G.,
Master of the F. and A. Masons of England, attended by the Grand
and other Lodges of Freemasons, the Highland Society of London,
and other Friends of the Charity, on FRIDAY NEXT, the 17th instant.
at Half-past Three o'clock P.M.
Tickets to view the Ceremony may be had on application to the
Directors and Stewards.

On the Evening of the same day the Twenty-Seventh Anniversary
Festival will be held at the Freemasons' Tavern.
His Grace the DUKE of BUCCLEUCH and QUEENSBERRY, K.G.,
K.T., the President, in the Chair.
STEWARDS.
His Grace the Duke of Montrose, P.C.
His Grace the Duke of Roxburghe, K.T.
The Most Noble the Marquis of Huntly, K.T.
The Right Hon. the Earl of Dunmore,
The Right Hon. the Earl of Zetland.
The Right Hon. Lord Haddo.
The Hon. H. B. Johnstone.
Sir George Clerk, Bart., M.P., F.R.S.
Major-General Sir James Cockburn, Bart., G.C.H.
Sir John Kirkland.
Major-General Aitchison.
Major Anderson.
Arthur Anderson, Esq.
Benjamin Bond Cabbell, Esq., F.R.S., F.S.S.
Edward Calder, Esq.
David Dickman, M.D.
Thomas L. Donaldson, Esq., of Williarnshaw.
William Ewart, Esq., M.P.
Robert Ferguson, M.D.
George Forbes, Esq.
William Forbes, Esq., of Callender, M.P.
Alexander Gillespie, jun., Esq.
Alexander Grant, Esq., of Aberdour.
William Hamilton, Esq.
George Johnstone, Esq.
Robert Low, Esq.
A. H. Macdougall, Esq.
W. A. Mackinnon, Esq., of Mackinnon, M.P.
Neil Malcolm, Esq., of Foliation.
James Matheson, Esq., of Achany, M.P.
Eneas M`lntosh, Esq.
Charles M`Lachlan, Esq.
George Gordon M'Pherson, Esq.
James Nisbet, Esq.
William Rutherford, Esq., F.R.A.S.
Crawford Simpson, Esq.
Lieut.-Colonel W. H. Sykes, F.R.S., F.G.S.
Dinner on the Table at Six o'Clock.

Tickets 20s. each, to be had of the Stewards ; of the Directors ; at
the Bar of the Tavern ; and of the Secretary, at the Institution, Co-
penhagen-fields, Islington.
ALEXANDER 11PKENZIE, Acting Secretary.

NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUR-
ANCE SOCIETY,

26, CORNHILL, LONDON.
Capital £500,000.
Empowered by Act of Parliament.
The many novel and varied advantages bestowed by this Institu-
tion, both in its life assurance and deferred annuity departments, par-
ticularly the power to borrow two-thirds of premiums without ex-
pense or forfeiture—the great reduction of rates on short policies—
the option of selecting benefits and converting policies so as beet to
suit the interest or necessity of the policy-holder during life, as well
as to afford the full benefit to his family at death, and annual division
of profits, have already been so well appreciated by the public, that
the society's great success and growing prosperity enabled the Di-
rectors, at their General Meeting in May last, to add to each policy
on the profit scale a bonus averaging fifty-five per cent. on the
amount already invested ; and this bonus, aceording to an equitable
scale, may either be paid in cash, or applied in reduction of fhture
premiums

Policy.
Age. Sum.
No.
.E
59 1,000
56 3,000

[837! I 39
[B3B ll4

Cash I Prem.
Bonus. 'Reduced

£ 8.01 £ s. d.
58 19 9 819 4
123 0 6 16 9 7

LONDON, EDINBURGH, and DUBLIN
LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY,
%, Charlotte-row, Mansion-house, and 18, Chancery-lane, London.

DIRECTORS.

KE.NNETT KINGSFORD, Esq., Chairman.
BENJAMIN IFILL, Esq.. Deputy Chairman.
Alexander Anderson, Esq. James ilartley, Esq.
John Atkins, Esq. I John M'Cluffle, Esq.
James Bidden, Esq. John Maclean Lee, Esq.
Captain F. Brandreth. J. Marmaduke Rosseter, Esq.

_
AUDITORS.
H. H. Canaan, Esq. Robert E. Alison, Esq.
MEDICAL ADVlSER—Marshall Hall, M.D., F.R.S., L. and B.
SECRETARY—John Emerson, Esq.
SOLICITORS—Messrs. Palmer, France, and Palmer.
TIIIS IS THE ONLY COMPANY who are bound by their deed
of constitution not to dispute any policy, unless they can prove that
it was obtained by fraudulent misrepresentation ; the great aim and
object having been to render Life Policies COMPLETE SECURI-
TIES and NEGOTIABLE DOCUMENTS, which shall owe their
value to the certainty of the contracts upon which they are founded,
and be independent of the liberality or caprice of those who shall be
iii the management of the affairs of the Company when the claims
arise ; and for this purpose the Company have, by a clause in their
deed of constitution, unhesitatingly deprived themselves of the
power of objecting to any policy, unless they undertake to prove that
it was obtained from them by fraudulent misrepresentation. The
regulations common to all other Life Companies, which make the
validity of assurance contracts dependent upon the perfect correct-
ness of the many statements required from a proposer for a Life
Policy, and which have given rise to almost all the questions which
have been argued in the Courts, and to many extra-judicial com-
promises, are thus entirely abrogated ; and nothing but fraud, proved
to have been committed against them, can vitiate a pelicy granted by
this Company.
THIS IS THE ONLY COMPANY from whom the assured on the
mutual principle, receive the whole of the mutual aceamulations,
and also a guarantee from the Shareholders for the sums assured.
THIS IS THE ONLY COMPANY who bind themselves to pay
the sums in the policies, although the debts for which they were
effected shall have been liquidated before the claims arise. The
Company considering it only Just towards the assured that where
premiums have been paid for assuring a given amount, that amount
should be paid ; and they undertake to de so without reference to
the state of the accounting between the assured and his debtor.
THIS IS ALMOST THE ONLY COMPANY who grant in favour,
of creditors whole world policies, whereby the debt is secured,
although the debtor should go beyond the limits of Europe.
The premiums calculated according to the Carlisle Tables, are
lower than usual upon young lives, where participation in the profits
is not required ; and for short assurances, which, at the option of the
assured, may be continued for life, the rates are as low as a due re-
gard to complete security will permit.
TRIENNIAL ASCENDING SCALE TO ASSURE £lOO.

Age' First Second Third Fourth Remainder
Three Yrs.,Three YmiTkree Yrs. Three Yrs. of Life.
s. d. A s. d. s. d. I s. d. s. d.
25 . 1 2 7 1 9 9 1 16 11 2 4 1 2 11 3
35 ...... 1 9 9 1 19 6 2 9 3 2 19 0 3 8 9
45 ...... 2 1 0 2 14 10 3 8 8 4 2 6 4 16 4
55 3 11 1 4 10 9 5 10 5 6 10 1 7 9 9
60...... 4 8 11 5 17 4 7 5 9 8 14 2 10 2 7

ROYAL COMMISSION of FINE ARTS.
The EXHIBITION of DECORATIVE WORKS, at 20, King-
street, St. James's, is OPEN to the PUBLIC GRATIS, from Nine
o'clock till Seven, except on Saturdays, when it is open from Eleven
till Seven, to Visitors paying One Shilling. Catalogue 6d.
The Exhibition will be closed on Levee days.
C. L. EASTLAKE, Secretary.

PHILHARMONIC
The FOURTII CONCERT will take place on MONDAY EVEN-
ING NEXT, when will he performed Mozart's $3.-n). li E flat, Men-
delssohn Bartholday's in —, Beethoven's Overture,..Leouora Fidelio
(first time in these Concerts), and Spohr's Faust.
Solo Performers—Piano Forte, Mr. W. S. Bennett : Violin, M.
Auguste Pott. Vocalists--Mademoiselle Castellan and Herr Staudigl.
Single Tickets, One Guinea each, and Double Tickets 1/. 10s. To
be had of Messrs. Cramer and Co., 201, Regent-street.

• MUSIC• OF ITALY.
Without Extra Charge to the Public, at the
ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
The Directors have engaged Mr. C. E. HORN, to deliver
A SERIES of LECTURE% oil the MUSIC of EIGHT different
NATIONS. The MUSIC Of ITALY commences on the 13th
instant, and will be continued during the week, on Monday, Wednes-
day, and Friday Evenings, at Eight o'clock ; and on Tuesday, Thurs-
day, and Saturday, at Three o'clock, with VOCAL and INSTRU-
MENTAL ILLUSTRATIONS. All the other LECTURES and
EXHIBITIONS as usual. LONGIIOTTOM'S PHYSIOSCOPE and
OPAQUE MICROSCOPE. NEW DISSOLVING VIEWS, ARM-
STRONG'S HYDRO-ELECTRIC MACHINE, &e., &c.
Admission, Is.; Schools, Half-price.

Bvo. cloth, full gilt back, price 43-.
THE SISTERS; or, ENGLAND and FRANCE.
A ROMANCE of REAL LIFE. By H. COCKTON, Author
of " Valentine Vox," " Stanley Thorn," &c., illustrated with 70 En-
gravings, designed by Kenny Meadows and Alfred Crowquill.
12m0., complete in I vol. cloth, gilt edges, with numerous Wood
. _ _ _

Engraving; price 3s. 66.,
THE DRAMATIC WORKS of SHAKESPEARE. With Life,
by Chalmers.

Square 16m0., cloth extra, price 3s. 6d.,
THE MOTHER'S GIFT. Being a Selection of Scripture Stories, in
Prose and Verse, illustrated with 66 EngTavings on Steel.
London: G. Nodes, 331, Strand, opposite Somerset House.

Just published, price ss. 6d.,
IME VERSUS LIFE.
An Enigma; attempted to be solved by observation on the
three leading phases of human existence—
YOUTH—MANHOOD—AGE.
('he ill-concealed imprudence of Youth, the irresolution of Manhood
as prematurely heralding the advance of Age—on Indigestion and
Mental Irritation which too surely ripen the seeds of mortality ; also
on the moral command of the Passions, and on the probable result
when they shall have surrendered to the invasion of error and indis-
cretion, viz. :—Diseases of the Urethra, &c., and on other Disquali-
fications to Marriage.
By ROBERT THOMAS CRUCEFIX, M.D.,
Member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England.
Lancaster-place, Waterloo-bridge, London.
" Intus et in cute, novi hominem."—PEEsios.
EXTRACTS FROM THE PUBLIC PRESS.
SUN.—cliThe work before us gives in simple and perspicuous terms
such directions for the preservation of health as are most likely to be
serviceable to the community."
BELL'S MESSENGER.—" This is a useful medical work ; the best
portion appears to us to be that which treats of the obstruction to
natural functions in the later portion of life. We recommend the
wonk to our readers as at once scientific and practical."
SUNDAY TIMES.—" Dr. Crucefix has spoken in the language of a
scholar, a gentleman, and a friend. The following passage should
be remembered by all who wish for the general good of mankind :
Morality suffers sadly by concealment of what, if known and un-
derstood, would operate as a guard against crime.' "
SATIRIST.—" The large amount of useful information, devoid of
the incumbrance of pedantic mystification, favourably distinguishes
this work from most treatises of the same description."
AGE AND Arinirs.—. It is a work that must be read with intere't
by both sexes, and particularly those who are suffering from indi-
gestion and mental irritation. We can honestly recommend the
perusal of it to our readers."
ERA...-. It is written in a plain and easy style, from which may
be obtained many valuable hints on the method of retaining the in-
estimable blessing—Health."
MARX LANE EXPRESS.—" Whoso readeth this excellent work
let him ponder it welt"
To be had of Sherwood, Gilbert, and Piper, 13, paternoster-»w;
OLollnivdioenr,. sD,cePsa.ll-6d.mall ; Onwhyn, S, Catherine4treet, Strand,

REMOVED FROM BIRMINGHAM TO LONDON.
Just published, price 2s. 6d., and free by post (in a sealed envelope)
Price Is 6d
THE SILENT FRIEND;; a Medical Work on
Physical Decay, its causes, and the baneful effects of exces-
sive indulgence and infection, illustrated by engravings, with ob-
servations on Marriage, and directions for the removal of certain
disqualifications. By R. and L. PERRY and CO.
Published by the Authors, and sold at their Residence, 19, Berners.
street, Oxford-street • also by Strange, 21, Paternoster-row; turkis,
Compton-street, ; Noble, 109, Chancery lane; Crocker, I,
Milford-lane, Strand ; Ward, Strand (opposite Exeter.hall) ; Wil-
son, 359, Oxford street (two doors from Argyle-street); J. Gordon,
146, Leadenhall-street, London; Guest, 51, Bull.stteet, Birming.
ham ; and by all Booksellers in Town and Country.
The CORDIAL BALM of SYRI ACU NI is exclusively directed
for the cure of nervous and muscular debility, impuissance, &e.
Price lls. and 235. per bottle. Sold by all Medicine Vendors, of
whom may be had the " Silent Friend." The Five Pound Cases
may be 110 as usual.
_ _ _

PERRY'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS are the most effectua
cure for syphilis and secondary symptoms in both sexes, price 2s. 9d.
4s. Rd., and I Is. per box.
Consultation fee, if by letter, 11. A minute detail of cases is ne-
cessary. Messrs. Perry are in daily attendance, for Consultation, at
their residence, 19, Berners-street, Oxford-street, London, from
Eleven till Two, and Five till Eight, and on Sund 'ye from Tea til
Twelve. One personal visit only is necessary to effect a permanent cure

THE BANK OF ENGLAND.

" We propose," observed Sir Robert Peel, " that the secu-
rity of the Bank shall be fourteen millions; and that the
existing loan to the Government shall continue on the pre-
sent terms. We might pay off this loan ; but we deem it
better to leave the eleven millions due to the Bank as an as-
sessment in security for the amount of issue, leaving the other
three millions within the entire control of the Bank itself, to
limit or extend its issues as circumstances might arise."
What is the " general principle," which, in :.;ir Robert Peel's
opinion, justifies the exaction of security from the Bank for
any portion of its issues? We do not, be it observed, dis-
pute the soundness.of the." principle" in question. We only
desire, if there be such a " principle," to see it fairly "carried
out." If it be desirable that the Bank should give security
for its issues—and that the security provided should be in the
form of debt due by the Government to the Bank—then, it
would seem to follow, in the first place, that no banking
establishment ought to he allowed to issue paper money
without giving similar security—and it would seem to follow,
in the second place, that every creditor of the Government
is entitled to exercise that privilege of issuing paper
money, which Sir Robert Peel's devotion to "general prin-
ciples" induces him to concede to the Bank of England. If,
in short, Sir Robert Peel's "general principles," be sound, the
body which ought, above all others, to exercise the privilege
of issuing paper money, is the body of national creditors.
The owners of the funded debt ought, in conformity with Sir
Robert's assumptions, to be allowed to supply us with paper
money. "We owe the Bank of England, eleven millions of
money ; therefore," so argues Sir Robert Peel, " the Bank
ought to be allowed to issue promissory notes to that amount."
This reasoning may be perfectly irrefragable ; but if it be,
then, it would seem to follow, that as the country owes to a
certain class of persons eight hundred millions of money, that
class ought to be allowed to issue eight hundred millions of pro-
missory notes. It is. quite clear, besides, that Sir Robert Peel
treats this question of " security" in the most appropriate
fashion ? Ought " security" to determine simply the amount
of paper money—or ought it also to determine its character?
If paper money be " secured," ought it not also to be incon-
vertible, save in the general market ? If the country owes
eleven millions to the Bank, why should the Bank be com-
pelled to find gold at a fixed rate of value for the amount of a
debt due to itself? Many deep thinkers have weighed well
this question of " security" for paper money issues ; and,
generally speaking, their conclusion has been that Govern-
ment ought to issue paper money to the extent of the inte-
rest on the national debt, and to declare at the same time,
these issues to be inconvertible into the precious metals,
except at the risk of the holders. Such a paper currency
would, obviously, be perfectly " secure ;" nay, it would
possess precisely the same kind of " security" which Sir
Robert Peel requ►res in the case of eleven millions of Bank of
England paper; and as the Government paper would, at all
times, be in demand to meet the claims of the tax-gatherer,
it could never suffer depreciation. In the " Proposals for a
secure and adequate Currency," published some years ago,
by Earl Stanhope, this question of Government paper is treated
with the Noble Earl's characteristic ability, and in that spirit
of profound familiarity with the subject, which all his Lord-
ship's speculations on economical subjects exhibit. These
are Earl Stanhope's propositions :
" With respect to Government paper.
" 1. Gov3rnmerrt paper, when limited by Parliament in
the amount of its issue, and in due proportion to the sums
required for the public service, could not be subject to any
considerable or continued depreciation, inasmuch as any dis-
count, however small or transient, which it might bear, would
create an instant demand for it in the payment of taxes, in
which it would be a legal tender.
" 2. Government paper being not convertible into specie,
the amount of it in circulation could not be reduced by a de-
mand for coin which might be exported. _

"3. Government paper would very much facilitate the
execution of public works, which might produce great benefit
to the country, and increase the revenue, and it would extend
the circulation to such an amount as the exigencies of the
public might require, in the same manner as has on many
occasions been done by the issue of Exchequer-bills.
"It is therefore proposed that Government paper of 1/.
and upwards shall be a legal tender in the payment of taxes,
and that it shall be issued to such an amount, and for such
public purposes (including the payment of Exchequer-bills)
as Parliament shall direct."

We pass now to the consideration of Sir Robert Peel's
remarkable avowal on the subject of free-trade principles in
relation to the issues of money. Whenever the Right Hon.
Gentleman approaches the question of currency, he ceases
(of course he does !) to be a free-trader :
" I admit that competition is calculateed to give you the
article you require at the cheapest rate; but I say that a
paper currency is governed naturally by different principles
from those which regulate any other article. Ido not want
the greatest quantity of currency at the cheapest rate. What
I want is this, that I shall have an ample supply of that paper
currency, whose value shall be exactly conformable to gold,
and that such supply shall be given to me by parties in
whose honour, integrity, and solvency I can place the., great,tst
confidence. I don't want, therefore, the cheapest article. I want
the best article, and the quantity I want is governed by quite
another principle than that which regulates the competition
of other articles."

In the matter of currency, Sir Robert Peel "wants the
best article—not the cheapest." The best in relation to the
purposes of what sections of society? Of annuitants and
money-jobbers, on the one hand—or of all orders of producers,
on the other? Sir R. Peel, of course, assumes that system
of currency to be "the best" which bests suits—not the in-
dustrious classes—but the classes which prey on industry.
Sir Robert Peel has told his agricultural supporters
that the true rule of national policy is to "buy
cheap and to sell dear." As soon, however, as
there arises an occasion on which this, his pet
maxim, might be turned to account by agricultural produ-
cers, Sir Robert unhesitatingly repudiates it. If it be good to
" buy cheap and to sell dear," the agriculturist is, surely, en-
titled to demand the privilege of selling his produce " dear,"
and of buying the money in which the value of that pro-
duce is measured, " cheap." " No," interposes the con-
sistent Sir Robert, " I like corn cheap, but I like money
good; and, in proportion to its goodness, must be the dear-
ness of money. If, in fact, money were not dear,' corn
would not long continue cheap; therefore let us have none
but the best kind of money—that kind of money which
shall ' best' and most effectually extend the power of
capitalists, annuitants, and mortgagees, over all classes of
producers." Sir Robert Peel is, in fact, the true " farmer's
friend." He is never idle in their cause. He is always busied,
either in cheapening, directly, agricultural produce--er in
adding, directly, to the agriculturist's debts and burdens.
—Past.