The Sun.
London, England, 1850-04-02 00:00:00

N1%17,947.]
4 e 4.
LONDON TUESDAY 74"
5 7
,
-
S ' APRIL 2, 1850.

PUBLICATIONS.

NEW WORK BY MR. W. C. TOWNSEND, Q.C.
On Friday, April 12th, will bo published, In '2 vols. svo.,
MODERN STATE TRIALS REVISED and
ILLUSTRATED. with Essays and Notes. lii- WILLIAM
CHARLES TOWNSEND, Esq., M.A., Q.C., Recorder of 3lac-
clestleld.

By the same Author, In 2 vols. Svo. price 285..
LIN ES of TWELVE EMINENT JUIMES of the Last and oi
the Present Century.
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ALET,HEIA ;
On Wednesday, April 10, will be published, in 1 vol. 16aao ,
or, The Drom of Mythology,
With other Paems. By WILLIAM C. 31. KENT.
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MR. MERIVALE'S HISTORY OF ROME.
In April will Do published, Vols. I. and 11. Svo.
tp-roKY of ROME under the EMPIRE.
By the Rev. CHARLES MERIVALE, late Fellow and
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NEW EDITION OF DR. Rb:EC E'S MEDI, 'AL, GUIDE
Centainin,g a full Accoint of Chloroform, and all the latest Di,coTe•
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In April will he published. in Bvo., a New Edition of
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LOUDON'S ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF sIARDENING,
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On Friday, April 12, will be published, an entirely New Edition, In
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ARGYLE SUBSCRIPTION ROOMS, Great
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FINE HEAD OF HAIR.
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The extraordinary efficacy, and happy amalgamation of its
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wherein other remedies have been tried in vain, ROWLANDS'
MACASSAR OIL has superseded the ornaments of art, by re-in-
stating, in full plenitude, the permanent gifts and graces of
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comb unnecessary.
Price 3s. 9d. and 75.; or Family Bottles (equal to four small) at
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THIRTY-FIRST EDITION.
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_ .
ON PHYSICAL DISQUALIFICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCA-
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THE SILENT FRIEND, a Medical Work on
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with remarks on Marriage, and the means of obviating certain dis-
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PART I. treats of the anatomy and physiology of the re-productive
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mental and bodily weakness, nervous excitement, and generative
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PART 111, treats of the diseases resulting from infection, either in
the primary or secondary form, and contains explicit directions for
their treatment. This section is illustrated by Seventeen Coloured
Engravings.

PART I. contains a Remedy for the Prevention of Disease by a
simple application, by which tho danger of infection is obviated.
This important part of the Work Ehould not escape the reader's
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Pear V. is devoted to the eonsideration of marriage, and its du-
ties. The causes of unproductive union are also considered, and the
whole subject critically and philosophically inquired into.
THE CORDIAL BALM OF SYRIACUM is exclusively employed in
treating nervous and sexual debility, impotence, &c., Its. and 335,
per bottle. The Concentrated Detersive Essence, an anti-syphilitic
remedy, for purifying the blood in cases of infection, secondary
symptoms, eruptions, and the abuse of mercury, I Is. and 335. per
bottle. Perry's Purifying Specific Pills, 2s. 9d., 4s. 6d., and I is.
per box, a certain remedy for gonorrhoea, gleet, stricture, and
chronio inflammation of the bladder. Consultation fee, If by letter,
11. A minute detail of the case is required: age, habits, and posi-
tion, in society. 11. Packets, with advice, to be had at the Y.ta-
blishment only, by which the fee, 11., Is saved. Messre. Perry,
Surgeons, are in s itendance daily at 19, Iterners-stress:, Oxford-
street, London, from Eleven till Two and /IT/. to Eight ; on Sun-
days from Eleven to One.

THE COUNTRY MARKETS.

The following is the official statement of the quantiti
corn, &c., received in the port of London from the poi
Essex, from the 25th March, 1850, to the 31st March,
both inclusive :

lee of
.ts in

..;
..,c.
'F- 1 4
.:4 6° 4 4 'pr,
Colchester — 1 200 :300 100
Harwich ••• • 357 -- 201
Leigh 4901 9S —•—• 53 33
Maldon lOl2 42 353 326 82 1039
CHELMSFORD, MARCH 28.—Prices to-day were as follow:
Wheat, white, old 35s to 445; new 364 to 458; red, old

CHELMSFORD, MARCH 28.—Prices to-day were as follow:
Wheat, white, old 35s to 445; new 364 to 455; red, old
33a to 395; new, 34s to 40s; barley, 24s to 27s ; chevalier
25s to 28s ; grinding 21s to 23e ; oats 16s to 22s ; malt 54s
to 565; chevalier 64s to 58s; peas, partridge, new 26s to
27s ; old, —s to ---s ; white, new, 2is to 28s ; old, —s to —s ;
dun, new, 24s to 26s ; beans, tick, new 24s to 26s ; old, 27s
to 29s ; harrow ticks, new 25s to 27s ; old 28s to 303; ma-
zagan, new 23s to 25s ; old 24s to '27s per qr.
COLCHESTER, Mlncit 30.—Wheat, white 42s to 465; red 368
to 403 ; barley 24s to 28s ; beans, mazagan 22s to 26s ; middle
and small 24s to 23s ; peas 24s to 28s per qr.

COAL MARIE
Carr's Hartley
Davison's West Hartley 15s Od
New Tanfield l3s tid
Old Tanfield l2s Od
Havensworth'sW.Hart 15s Od
ranfield Moor
%V,

TasTsaDAT.

Russell's Hetton ...... 17s 3d
Scarborough l6s Od
Stewart's
Whitwell
Caradoc ....
Cassop. .... ...
I Hese(den
Hartlepool l7s 6d
Kelloe . l7s Od
South Hartlepool
Whitworth l4s Od
Birchg. Graigola
Cowpen Hartley
Hartley
Howard's W. H. Neth l5B Od
Llangennech 2ls Od
Newport Steam
Resolven Steam 2ls Od
Sidney's Hartley
Ships at market, 111.

'est Wylam
Wylam
Wall's End, &c.
Bewicke and Co.
Clarke.
Elm Park
Morrison l6s Od
Northumberland
Washington
Eden Main.
Braddyll

Iletton
Haswell l7s 9d

Lambton
Lumley l6s Os

THE MURDER AND ATTEMPTED

SUICIDE AT HOXTON.

Yesterday forenoon a lengthened investigation was
entered into before Mr. W. Baker. the coroner, and
a highly respectable jury, at the Shaftesbury Arms,
Shaftesbury- street, New North-road, Hoxton, con.
cerning the death of Matthew Sanderson, aged six
weeks, who was murdered by his mother, Emma
Sanderson. The culprit was examined before Mr.
Hammill, at Worship-street Police-court, on Saturday,
and remanded to await the result of the coroner's in-
quest.
The first witness examined was Mary Fuller, ser
rant to the parents of the deceased, whose evidence
was to the same effect as that she gave at Worship-
street.

Mary Ann Potterton, 3, Boundary-row, Hoxton,
deposed that she had attended the mother of the de-
ceased in her confinement, and that she had been in a
low and desponding state of mind ever since. Her
lowness was caused by marks on the deceased's face
at its birth, and she was constantly harping upon the
disfigurement it caused for the last fortnight. Wit-
ness noticed a great change in the mother's appear-
ance, which caused her to tell the servant to keep a
atch upon her actions. On Thursday afternoon last
she called on witness on her road from the City. She
appeared in a very melancholy state, and asked wit-
ness to come to her in the evening ; and on her going to
the house shortly after five o'clock, she was informed of
the attempt Mrs. Sanderson had made on her life, and
found the deceased lying on the bed quite dead and cold.
On seeing her the mother exclaimed " I have killed
my baby, and if Mary (meaning the servant) had not
come in, I should have killed myself too, and we
should then have been happy together." Afterwards
she put her hand into her pocket, and produced a
piece of tape (shown to the jury), saying to witness,
" Take this, it's what I have done the deed with; rub
it against the marks on the necks of the other chil-
dren, and it will cure them, as it is now charmed."
By a Juror—The other children were born with
some marks upon them, but very slight, and they are
now scarcely observable.
By the CORONER—Mrs. Sanderson's father and
sister had died while labouring under an attack of
mental derangement, and I have not the least doubt
that her mind was deranged at the time she killed the
deceased, and made an attempt on her own life.

The medical evidence was also to the same purport
as that which has already appeared.
The CORONER summed up, and the jury returned a
verdict of " Wilful Murder against Emma Sander-
son," and the witnesses were hound over to prosecute.
Ipon the unfortunate woman being removed to the
Shoreditch workhouse shortly after her apprehension,
and during the momentary absence of the police-con.
stable who had her in custody, she succeeded in ob-
taining possession of a table knife, with which she
was about to cut her throat, when the constable ar-

rived and prevented her. On afterwards searching
her another knife was found secreted on her person.

THE WRECK OF THE ROYAL

ADELAIDE STEAMER,.

L 4TEST PARTICULARS.

The City of Dublin Steam-packet Company's ship
Royal Adelaide, Captain John Batty, plying between
the ports of Cork and London, left the former city on
Wednesday afternoon with a full cargo of goods and,
it is said, about 250 passengers,ltouched off Plymouth
on Thursday evening, left that port fur London on
Friday morning at three o'clock, and was totally lost
on the Tongue Sand, off Margate, at eleven o'clock
on Saturday night, when there is too much reason
to fear every soul on board perished.
The Royal Adelaide was due at the Dublin, Bel-
fast, and Cork steam-wharf, Lower East Smithfield,
on Saturday evening, but, as a strong head wind
prevailed against all vessels coming up Channel, her
absence, up to midnight, caused very little anxiety.
When morning carne, and there were still no tidings
of the missing vessel, Mr. Davidson, the com-
pany's manager at the wharf, felt some uneasiness,
but, as it was supposed that an accident to her
machinery might have partly disabled•' her, and
thus caused the delay, she was confidently
looked for every hour during the day up to four
o'clock, when the first intimation of the terrible
catastrophe reached London. The bearer of the
melancholy intelligence was William Coe, a river
pilot, in the service of the company, who 'was in
waiting at Gravesend to take charge of the Royal
Adelaide from that place to the Pool. About two
o'clock on Sunday, one Charles Gillman, a Deal pilot,
who had that morning brought a large barque up
Channel, which was then lying at anchor off Graves-
end, saw Coe on the pier.head, and asked him what
ship he was waiting for. Coe replied that he had
been expecting the Royal Adela'tie since the previous
evening, and was very anxious on the subject of her
non-arrival. Gillman then informed him that on
Saturday evening, shortly after he had taken charge
of the barque, a large black steamer, without
figurehead, and having a great many passengers on
deck, passed his ship steaming up Channel. The
sea was running very high, and he could not
make out the name of the steamer, but
she bore every resemblance to the boats of the
Dublin Company. At 11 o'clock the same night,
shortly after having passed the Tongue lightship,
when about 15 miles from the coast of Margate, as
Gillman informed Coe, his barque passed a large
steamer about three-quarters of a mile distant, from
which signals of distress were fired in rapid succes-
sion. The steamer, from her position, was evidently
on the sand, but as the wind blew a perfect gale,
Gillman said it was quite impossible to render any
assistance. They threw up rockets in reply to the
signals, in the hope that they might be observed
from the shore, but as the night was very dark and
hazy, he believed there was too much reason to fear
they had never been seen. The description of the
vessel given by Gillman corresponding exactly with
that of the Royal Adelaide, especially the absence of
of any figurehead to the ship, a peculiarity which
marks nearly the whole fleet of steamers belonging
to this company, Coe felt satisfied that his worst an-
ticipations were realised, and that the unfortunate
ship wrecked on the sand was no other than that for
which he had been so anxiously looking. He imme-
diately came on to London with Gillman, and com-
municated the sad intelligence to the company's
manager, Mr. Davidson.
Yesterday morning the company received corrobo-
rative intelligence from Captain Manning, master of
the Malcolm Brown, screw-steamer, which arrived
off the Tower on Sunday evening from Guernsey
and Jersey. •Captain Manning reports, that about
half-past nine o'clock on Sunday morning, when off
the North Foreland, about 12 miles from shore and
between two and three from the Tongue lightship,
he observed the wreck of a large steamer on the
Tongue Sand. The weather was very stormy, the
wind blowing almost a gale from S.S.R., so that they
could only approach within three-quarters of a mile
of the spot where the wreck lay. From this point,
they perceived that the masts and funnel were gone,
and everything upon deck swept clean away. Not a
soul could he seen on board. The stern of the vessel
was apparently gone, and it was evident she was fast
breaking up. The framework of both paddle-boxes
was standing, and the stanchions of the bulwarks, but
the boards were gone. They endeavoured to discover
the name of the vessel, but could not. They, how-
ever, observed that she was painted black, and had no
figurehead. Captain Manning further stated that the
-wreck bore all the appearance of having taken place a
very few hours previously.
The Duke of Cornwall, Captain Higgins, another
steamer belonging to the same company, and plying
between London and Dublin, arrived in the River at
2 o'clock yesterday, and reports having passed the
wreck at 8 o'clock yesterday morning. The vessel
had then entirely broken up, and the framework of
her machinery was the only portion visible above
water.

The Roscommon screw-steamer, cattle-laden, from
Holland, also arrived in the River yesterday after-
noon; and reports having passed the wreck, and ob-
served several articles bearing the private mark of the
London and Dublin Steam-packet Company floating
over the Tongue Sand.
The latest intelligence on the subject of the wreck
reached the company's offices by electric telegraph at
4 o'clock yesterday. It comes from Lloyd's agent at
Margate, who states that the wreck is now covered at
high water. Two bodies, supposed to be those of
dispatchp
ashorea sTs passengers on
(cnhitas
precise
splboardpra- osattn the
half-an-hour
rel-
o'clock).
previousf
tathee d shi pt ,0 had been
date washed
hhe (51
aa
nbdout
Lower Queen's two
Tongueor
hrnaeunennyceal
nearbs
.les'Atl length nefga
at erss sanscnneactl
eh, w-obwafe set
ascertainedhs wrecked r
from
Prince'se cke dt
hi es
entrance
from a comparison of the spot where the wreck lies
and the Channel chart, it appears that had the Royal
Adelaide been about a vessel's length from the place
where she struck she would have been in deep water.
The Tongue sands are several miles long, running E.
by S. and W.N.W. A very heavy sea always exists
times
c;
eoe
sr tiwi
so na was between
exceedinglyetthw eeeC nh ad4ni
inc
l! and
Channel,
ntoh s()
navigation
olyeasat
Royal Adelaide
these
eheis p
nre gr
sai.nlleHs4eo7rf
fbler4eeota:dhwt ohirt snhef
apmol
onwfi
nteyr.
tons burden,swnapspl2i
8e da
feet,
e)dye
th,t had dar
ne tedwboonv
ieel
paddle-wheels were 24 feet in
poop on on deck. Her
diameter. She had a "gammon and knee stem" (no
figurehead), and was rigged as a first-class steamer,
at which rate she was ranked at Lloyd's. She was
built about fourteen years ago by Messrs. Thomas
and William 'Wilson, of Liverpool.
The Royal Adelaide was commanded by Captain
John Batty, of Cork, who has been in the service of
the Dublin Steam-packet Company upwards of
twenty years, during a great portion of which time
he has commanded ships on the London and Dublin
and London and Cork stations. lie was considered
one of the most experienced sailors in the service, and
was besides a man of no ordinary attainments. The
sole command of his ship devolved upon him until he
arrived off Gravesend, when the river pilot took
charge. Captain Batty was universally beloved and
respected, and his fate is deeply regretted. He has left
a family of young children. His wife died suddenly
about six months ago.
six men before the mast, a
ipnteaeinrs,,cotwnsoistceodaol-f
threo
ea
mates,
hecrew
carpenter,ninneaddition
the first engineer was William Reilly. He was the
steward
trimmers,
a nadi xs
t fie
wr earmen,d e; s ,
son of an engineer of some celebrity, formerly attached
to the firm of Messrs. Fawcett and Co., of Liverpool.
He was himself an exceedingly ingenious and clever
man, in proof of which it may be mentioned that he
himself constructed a diving-bell, which he always
carried on board his ship, and made use of as occasion
required. The name of the carpenter was Handy
Turner. The names of the rest of the crew are not
known, no record of them being kept in London.
As to the number of passengers on board at the
time of the wreck no certain clue can be obtained
until intelligence reaches London from the company's
agent at Plymouth, where a great many of the deck
passengers frequently land. By the advices which
have been received from Cork there appears to have
been a greater number than usual shipped in Ireland,
but until it is known how many landed at Plymouth
on Thursday evening no correct estimate of the num-
ber lost can be formed. The majority of the passen-
gers brought by this route are of the poorest class,
and in some voyages nearly 300 are brought over.
The Dublin Steam-packet Company own a fleet of
about 25 ships. Mr. Charles Wye Williams, of Dub-
lin, is the managing director, and the chief business
ef the company is carried on in Ireland, the offices
in London having only the character of agencies
The Royal Adelaide is said to be fully underwritten
at Lloyd's.
The melancholy event caused much excitement in
the city yesterday afternoon, and the greatest anxiety
was manifested to obtain authentic information on
the subject. _ _ _

Our: reporter has to acknowledge the courtesy of
Mr. Davidson and the other officiali of the company,
tor-the readiness with which they furnished him with
every information in their power relative to the me-
lancholy catastrophe.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.
TIMES.—In another portion of our columns will
be found a letter from a correspondent upon the oft-
mooted question of Chancery reform. The contents
of this letter are substantially identical with the
statements made by Lord Brougham the other night
in the House of Lords, on introducing his Bill for a
partial reform of the Court of Chancery. The same
facts and the same deductions are contained in the
letter as in the speech ; but we publish it in the hope
that many persons who have not looked through the
speech may take the trouble to peruse the letter. It
would hare been strange indeed had a strong move-
ment for the reform of equity practice been in course
of progress without the apparition of Lord Brougham
upon the scene. However much at times we may be
disposed to smile at the readiness with which he
thrusts himself forward upon questions entirely re.
moved from his experience, or at the pertinacity
with which he defends his random impressions, on
I the subject of law reform at least he is entitled to
be heard with attention and respect. We will not
say that the propositions he has made have always
been the best planned and best digested that might
have been devised; but throughout his devious ca-
reer, at least this praise cannot be denied to Lord
Brougham, that he has set more brains to work upon
the propriety of reforming our system of legal ad-
ministration than any other man of his period. 1%
can scarcely look for a union of the conveyancer's
cautious foresight with the backwoodsman's buoyant
energy--and Lord Brougham is an adept in the art
of " clearing." A mass of legal rubbish, now hap-
pily obsolete through his strenuous exertions, rise
gratefully to our recollection in connexion with his
name. The hope of obtaining complete and entire
satisfaction upon the question of Chancery reform by
a coop de main would be a mere delusion. All that
we can reasonably expect is to assist from time to
time those amongst the numerous assailants of the
Chancery who are pointing their attacks against seri-
ous and substantial grievances. It was but the other
day that Sir John Romilly, feeling, no doubt, the
difficulty of grappling with the phalanx of Rog-
lish practitioners by a straitforward attack,
endeavoured, by executing a flank movement
in Ireland, to take them in the rear, and we most
earnestly and sincerely trust that his manoeuvre
may be crowned with complete success. As we
dealt with the subject at length when the Learned
Solicitor-General brought forward his propositions, it
mould be needless to recapitulate here the abuses and
errors of equity practice, common to the two divisions
of the empire, against which his proposals were
directed. But it will be remembered that one of the
most vigorous attacks made against his measure con-
sisted in the suggestion that even if soma trivial
defects did exist in the administration of our equity
system, the proper remedy was by order of the
Court, rather than by Act of Parliament. Lord
Brougham's new Bill, it now appears, is to be met by
the same kind of objection. There is to be a re-
commendation that all intermeddling in the matter be
postponed until the Chancellor himself mero motu
shall take order with the abuses of adminisration
suits, against which the reformatory measure is di-
rected. Neither in this instance, nor in any other
where there exists any anxiety to serve the cause of
progress, is such a proposition admissible. Once
and again the task of reform has been intrusted to the
hands of the Chancellor, and the experiment
has turned out a complete failure. Ten years
ago, five years were given to that great dignitary to
set his court in order; not only was power given,
but he was authoritatively and in terms required to
exercise it for the benefit of the suitors, but all in
vain. At the expiration of the first term, yet another
term of, five years was given to the reluctant judge,
but the second term has expired as the first expired
before it ; and nothing has been done. What, then,
can we say to a recommendation for a third extension
of the period of grace, but to meet it with the too
famous formula " Clest trop lard." And, after all,
why this irrational desire to postpone useful changes,
and to paralyse the hands of their proposers ? Let
any one read either in Lord Brougham's speech, or
in the letter of our correspondent, a succinct account
of the evils against which the Bill for simplifying ad-
ministration suits in Chancery by extending the
powers of the Makers is directed, and judge for him-
self not only of the extent of the evil, but of the ab-
solute absence of any well•grounded motive even for
interested opposition. If the subjects of a country
cannot obtain cheap justice before its tribunals
their course is obvious enough. They either set their
brains to work to discover methods of evading the
law, or they do without it altogether. In the case of
administrations, executors who hare the slightest re-
gard for the interests of those beneficially interested
in the contents of a will prefer the latter alternative.
It appears, on comparing the figures obtained from
the probate returns with the number of administra-
tion suits actually instituted in the Court of Chan-
cery, that nine-tenths of the cases are kept out of the
court by the delays and enormous and intolerable
expense of its proceedings. In our correspondent's
letter will be seen set out at length the several steps
of an administration suit, upon which the judge,
when it comes before him, makes an order as of
course. It must be remembered that from the first
there is no real litigation. The parties interested are
not at issue as to any simple question of law or fact ;
they are made to pay 2001. or 3001. for the observance
of a parcel of trumpery and irrelevant forms. There
are office copies of the bill ; then close copies ; an-
swers in draught; the engrossments ; a special com-
mission to swear; a special messenger to take the an-
swer to London—for it is not allowed to send it by
post ; more office copies; more close copies; coun-
sel's opinion on evidence ; interrogatories to prove
wills, if any real property be involved ; more special
commissions to examine more witnesses; more evi-
dence taken in secret; more special messengers to
London ; more office copies, and so on, through inter-
minable rounds of delay, vexation, and easpense. And
all these are mere questions of the most idle and un-
necessary form. It would be equally rational to corn
pel the British subject who desired to pass from
Upper Baker-street to Hampstead-hill to walk
seventy-one times round the outer circle, and one
hundred and seventy-three times round the inner eis
cle of the Regent's-park, and to call these enforced
perambulations— necessary solemnities. There are
few men so completely isolated from commerce or
connexion with their fellow-creatures that they are
not called upon at one period or other of their lives
to discharge the office of executor or trustee. What
case more common than to find a widow with a
family of young children thrown upon the world
with no support or protection but that of
the one or two *lends whom her husband
may have named executors of his will ?
Not many instances, we believe, exist in such cases of
persons either refusing or renouncing the trust, but
yet, owing to the preposterous system of our law, an
executor finds himself exposed to one or other of two
very painful alternatives. If he should make up his
mind to pull through with the estate as he best can
without seeking for protection in the proper quarter,
he may in his person, or in his heirs and representa-
tives, become almost at any indefinite time the victim
of his disinterestedness, and be required to satisfy a
debt of his testator's of the very existence of which
he had no conception, notwithstanding that he had
used his best efforts to discover the liabilities of the
estate. If he be not sufficiently interested in the
legatees and heirs to take such a course, he has no
alternative but to apply to the Court of Chancery, at
an expense which, if the estate be a small one, will
go far to swallow up its value. It is against this
evil that Lord Brougham's Bill is directed. Ile pro-
poses to commence consent administration suits in
the Master's-office, and to give an immediate and
cheap appeal to the Court, should any party be
dissatisfied.
TIMES.—The elaborate report on the public health
of the metropolis submitted by Mr. Simon to the City
Commissioners of Sewers has received the formal
consideration of a select committee of that body, and
the two documents, taken in conjunction, present a
very fair synopsis of the works comprehended under
the general description of sanitary improvements.
Speaking broadly, we may resolve all the nine heads
specially reported on into the one single condition of
the removal of all offensive matters from the dwelling-
places of the living. The absolute execution of this
provision would render the sanitary state of a city
almost unexceptionable in so far as it depended upon
human agencies. Two great branches of the subject
are obviously distinguishable—one referring to the
effectual abstraction of the necessary refuse of a city,
and the other to the Prevention of all such practices
as are plainly offensive to public health. Under the
lust is included a scientific system of sewerage ;
under the second, the regulations pertaining to the in-
tertnent of the dead, and to various pursuits and trades
involving consequences unwholesome to the population
at large. To some extent, perhaps, we may separate
from the former of these conditions the necessity
of a copious water supply, and consider it as a
distinct requirement ; but when we have done
so, and stipulated for esystematic superversion on
the part of the municipal authorities, we shall have
ennumerated all the points to which Mr. Simon and
the sanitary committee have found it needful: to
attend. Good sewerage includes both house drin-
age and street drainage, although until the com-
mencement of the present year the former portion of
the arrangements was wholly withdrawn from the

control of public officers, whose authority terminated
at the door of private dwelling-houses. The conse-
quence has been that communication with the main
sewers have been made without any regularity or com-
pleteness, and that although the city of London passes
for one of the best-drained cities of Europe as tar as
street sewerage is concerned, one-third at least et its
houses, according to the most favourable computation,
remain still undrained. In these cases the refuse is
left to accumulate
.in cesspools which are, or should
be, periodically emptied, and the demand for reform
in this respect may be inferred from the fact that
5,414 of these sinks are estimated to exist within the
limits of the City, though the total number of houses
is only set at 16,300. Fortunately it is
now competent to tile authorities to enforce
house drainage in connexion with street sewerage,
and we may therefore anticipate that a
remedy will be soon applied to an evil which bears
with peculiar hardship on the poorer classes of the
population. After these preliminary arrangements
the great question of outfall is that on which every.
thing depends. Next to relieving the dwellings of
individuals comes the duty of cleansing the town at
large. :Somewhere or other the main sewers must
discharge themselves, and the method or direction of
this outfall has been the principal object of recent
sanitary researches. In common with many other
simple-minded people, the committee which has been
considering Mr. Simon's report conceived that there
was a certain body of men highly qualified by talent
and education, and invested with extensive command
over the purses of their fellow- citizens, whose express
and particular commission it was to determine this
all-important question, and, accordingly, in the inno-
cency of their hearts, while acknowledging the urgency
of some measure for the purification of the Thames,
they propose to await the result of the pending
inquiry respecting the "system of drainage for the
whole metropolis and the question of outfall for
the same"—little thinking that the said " question
of outran" would be quietly shelved, and that
the great Metropolitan Sewers Commission would
come to no ether conclusion than a confession of
their own impotence or perversity. Meantime one
of the 170 gentlemen whose suggestions were dis-
missed in a lump by the Greek-street Commissioners,
as deficient, inadequate, and impracticable, has
modestly gone to work on his account, at the mouth
of the Puddle-dock sewer, and is bidding fair to
solve the problem which Lord Ebrington and his col-
leagues are spending 100,0001. a year to prove impos-
sible. " The Thames can never be cleansed," says
Sir John Burgoyne. "Water can never be forced up to
the tops of houses," said his prototypes in the days
of Elizabeth. The Dutchman, however, soon settled
the doubts of his generation; and as much will in-
fallibly be done for ours before the Metropolitan
Commissioners can spend another quarter of a mil-
lion. The passage of the Atlantic by steam was
proved to be impracticable in the very month in which
the Great Western entered New York harbour. As
regards avocations and practices prejudicial to public
health, the difficulties are, of course confined to the
suggestions of interested opposition. There is a pretty
general consent about facts. Intramural slaughtering
receives the unequivocal condemnation of the commit-
tee, nor can we doubt that the particular pursuits
carried on in Smithfield upon cattle days are included
in the " other offensive trades" by which the clause
is rendered duly comprehensive. It was, perhaps, no
more than was decorous, considering the present
stage of the question, to leave the subject of parochial
interments,without any further allusion than a casual
approval of the proposed reform. Evidence has
already been given that the City authorities are in
this respect fully awake to their duties, and the inter-
ference of the Legislature will shortly bring the ques-
tion to a conclusive issue. As the law stands at pre
sent, even the utmost exertions of the sanitary officers
backed by the general consent of the population and
the terrors of a pestilence, were found inadequate to
prevail against the obstinacy or interests of individuals.
All these are matters of general expediency. But
Mr. Simon's commission extended beyond the esta-
blishment of mere sanitary principles, and his ap-
pointment was, in fact, a testimony to the anxiety
felt by the inhabitants of London to bring their city
under such practical order as should secure pure air
and wholesome lodging to all classes of the population,
and thus diminish those causes which aggravate so
seriously the mortality of the whole. With this view
an examination was instituted into the dwellings of
the poor, and it was opposed even to maintain
a staff of officers for the permanent exercise of this
supervision. Sufficient attention has not been paid
to the fact that until proper lodging-houses have been
extensively constructed every metropolitan " im-
provement" adds to the misery and discomfort of
those classes who are thus driven within a circle
growing narrower and narrower day after city.
People must lodge somewhere, even if they can pay
but eighteenpence a week rent, and, in proportion as the
courts and alleys where this accommodation was pro-
vided are destroyed to make room for another class of
habitations, the state of those which remain becomes
worse and worse. The committee have admitted the
principle of Mr. Simon's recommendations on this
head, and have so far acceded to his suggestions as to
advise an outlay of 2501. per annum upon the acqui-
sition of proper and continuous information respecting
the localities in question, so that the first appearance
of infectious diseases may be instantly noted, and
means promptly adopted to encounter the enemy.
On the whole, the City Commissioners have substan -
tially concurred with all the recommendations of
their officer of health, and it is to be hoped
that this co-operation may develope itself in some
visible results before another hour of peril comes
upon us.

ENTERTAINMENT AT THE
MANSION-HOUSE.
The customary Easter Entertainment at the Man-
sion-house took place last night, when the Right
Honourable the Lord Mayor entertained to dinner
the Aldermen and Common Councilmen and their
families. There were also present the French Am-
bassador, the American Minister, the Bolivian Mi-
nister, the Bishop of St.:Aaaph, Lord Dudley Stuart,
M.P., Sir William Molesworth, M.P., Mr. Curteis,
M.P., Mr. Mitchell, M.P., Mr. F. French, M.P., the
Chairman and Deputy-Chairman of the East India
Company, the Deputy-Governor of the Bank of
England, Major-General Delamotte, Lieutenant-
Colonel Williams, the Venerable Archdeacon Wil-
liams, Sir Hamilton Seymour, &c. The Aldermen
of the City were also present, in their robes of office,
and a great number of the members of the Common
Council.
The Egyptian Hall was decorated as on the former
memorable occasion, when the heads of the various
municipalities of the empire were entertained by the
Lord Mayor with his characteristic hospitality.
After the usual loyal and constitutional toasts had
been given.
The LORD MAYOR proposed " his Excellency the
French Ambassador and the Foreign Ministers."
The FRENCH AMBASSADOR returned thanks on be-
half of himself and his colleagues. He had already
been such a frequent guest at this festive board, that
he considered himself almost at home in the civic
hall where they were now assembled.—(Great ap-
plause.) He was proud of the welcome they had
given him, not from any feeling of selfish vanity, not
even from a sense of personal gratification, fur he was
sensible that these kindnesses bad a view towards the
country he had the honour to represent—(Applau3e)—
and he was fully convinced that nothing could be
more conducive to the welfare both of France and
England than the continuance of a friendly under-
standing:between the respective countries.—(Cheers )
The AMERICAN MINISTER said he hardly knew
bow to express his gratitude to the Lord Mayor for
the frequent opportunities he had afforded him of par-
r taking of his splendid hospitality. He was there as
representing a nation speaking the same language,
governed by the same laws, and having the same re-
ligion with themselves.—(Applause). He was there
as a cousin of their own—(Loud applause)—and he
had now to return thanks on the part of the country
he represented. He was present in the largest, the
richest, the mightiest, city on the face of the earth—
(Applause)—and this mighty city had been created
through the instrumentality of commerce—commerce,
the greatest pioneer of civilization all over the world.
—(Great applause.) He was present in this groat
city, renowned in history, renowned for its charitable
institutions—renowned for its commerce—rtnowned
in literature, science, and arts—renowned, too, in war,
and be hoped it would hereafter be as greatly reuowiird
in peace. Ile had partaken to. night of the loving
,imp, which he understood to pledge those who
drank it to friendship, and a determination
to stand by each other. He had sipped of that Cup in
the name of twenty-two millions of people—(Cheers)
—and if he had the power, he would bring them
here and make them sipEof it too.—(Loud cheers.)
lie begged to conclude by proposing, as a toast, the
''City of London, renowned in the annals of history
for its commerce, hospitality, and charity—renowned
Above all for its devotion to the cause of civil and re-
ligious liberty."—(Loud cheers.)
The LORD MAYOR then proposed the " Lord
Bishop of St. A saph and the Clergy."
The Bishop of ST. Asaen returned thanks, and
pressed his cordial concurrence in the sentiments so
eloquently expressed by the French and American
ministers. lie recollected hAviog been brought up