The Sun.
London, England, 1868-09-25 00:00:00

THE EFFECTS OF SMOKING ON BOYS.

The Standard remarks that Mr. Fortescue's colleagues
have very recently arrived at the conclusion that the Irish
Church " cry " is not altogether a success, and, following
the key-note of Mr. Gladstone, they have turned their
attention to finance. Delenda est has given place to the
exaltation of Liberal economy as contrasted with Tory
extravagance. There appeared to be something
tangible, something that would strike home to the heart
of the British taxpayer, in the fiction which represented
him as burdened with an extra three millions a year
solely because the Tories were in and the Liberals
out. It by no means detracts from the praise fairly due
to the energy and courage with which Mr. Gladstone's
"rising young men" sought to propagate this new
romance that it should have ended in a refutation as
disastrous as it was complete. The replies of
the Chancellor of the Exchequer and General
Peel were simply annihilating, and the eulogists of
Mr. Gladstone's finance and the denouncers of
Mr. Disraeli's profligacy found themselves hoist with
their own petards. The tables were turned upon them-
selves. Facts and figures were quoted to prove that
Liberalism meant increased expenditure, and thus the
ingredients of their poisoned chalice were commended to
their own lips. It is a mark, therefore, at once of defeat
and of acquiescence in defeat, that Mr. Fortescue should
manifest such eagerness to shift the quarrel to the old
battle-ground of the Irish Church. The most significant,
and indeed the only novel point in Mr. Fortescue's speech
is that in which he addresses himself to the argument that
the English Establishment is compromised by the policy
directed against the Irish Church. Like Mr. Gladstone,
the right honourable gentleman holds that the English
Church is secure, because it is " throned in the hearts
of millions ;" but when he is reminded that the
two Establishments are part and parcel of the same
" United Church of England and Ireland as by law esta-
blished," he assumes a very different tone. " If," he says,
" we are to reckon the Establishment of Ireland and the
'Establishment of England as 'one single Church "—and in
law and fact they undoubtedly are so—" then the mem-
bers of the Church in the two countries, reckoning on the
millions of the Irish Roman Catholics, are reduced to a
minority," and in that case the precedent of the Irish
Church must inevitably be applied to her English sister.
We have always said so; but this is the first time we have
found a responsible Liberal statesman admitting as much.
The Times says that even in private life the expression
of friendly sentiments is of much importance to the main-
tenance of friendship so is it with nations. If a man be
fighting for his life, his best friend meets with sorry treat-
ment if he interfere ; and the Americans must forgive us
for saying that they would not have been the great people
they are if they had been capable at such a time of taking
a calm and reasonable view of matters which were
affected by this struggle. Englishmen took sides in
the civil war, not because they were hostile to
the Americans, but because they were one with
them, and shared, in a remarkable degree, the
differences which prevailed in the United States them-
selves. If the Americans were themselves engaged in a
civil war, can they be surprised that there were differences
of opinion, and even warm differences, on the same sub-
jects among Englishmen? And while the excitement
lasted we could neither of us do justice to any other consi-
derations. But it has subsided, and the time has fully
come for restoring the balance of sentiment and re-
awakening the feelings which lie permanently at the
heart of both nations. The Times alludes to the friendly
correspondence between Generals Lee and Rosecranz.
If General Rosecranz and General Lee are resolved to
forget all past differences, can there be any difficulty in
removing all subjects of disagreement between England
and America ? Mr. Johnson's reception proves the
friendly state of feeling on our side, and he responds with
suitable warmth. In a word, the sum of his speech is, in the
first place, to remind us that our differences
ought to be settled, and, in the next place, to
assure us, on the authority of one who is thoroughly
acquainted with them, that there is no difficulty in obtain-
ing such a settlement. These receptions render it
evident that we both have the will, and it will now be
easy to find the way. We have .only to give one another
credit for good intentions, and to be prepared to make
allowances for the infirmities of human nature on an occa-
sion of extraordinary excitement. If we are ready to
recognise the possibility of errors on both sides, it will be
easy on recognised grounds of equitable compensation
to adjust the balance of mutual but unintentional injuries.
"The United States, which acts always as our pioneer
on the political highway "—from whom can this phrase
have proceeded ? From Mr. Bright, addressing a mass
meeting of Birmingham artisans ; from Mr. Goldwin
Smith, informing the youthful Radicalism of Oxford ;
from Mr. Mill,meditating in apocalyptic vi on at Asivignon
the future triumphs of democracy ; from Mr. Beales at
Adelphi-terrace ; or from Mr. Ernest Jones at Men-
chester ? The words are none of theirs. Truth is stranger
than fiction. The speaker, says the Daily News, was
Lord Robert Montagu, of old the henchman of Lord
Cranborne in the House of Commons, and now a member
of Mr. Disraeli's Government, and Vice-President
of the Committee of Council on Education. His
transition from the old Toryism of the handful of middle-
aged young gentlemen who used to cluster about Lord
Cranborne on the front bench below the gangway to the
new Tory-Radicalism of Mr. Disraeli was violent ; but
Lord Robert Montagu has gone yet further, and nulled
apparently into Radicalism without the Tory prefix and
qualificatnn, lie has waded so far in revolutionary
prinples that to return would be more laborious than
to go on. What particular part of our institutions,
we should like to ask Lord Robert Montagu are we first
to reconstruct on the American model? Is the Tory
mind, to be educated into the adoption of vote by
',allot, equal electoral districts, the voluntary
system in religion, and an elective Upper Cham-
ber? The particular point on which Lord Robert
Montagu, speaking to the farmers of Huntingdon, held imp
the United States as an example for English imitation
was in respect of their precautions against the c ittle
'plague. But his general principle went far beyond this
application of it. The abandonment of old prejudices is
laudable ; but there is such a thing as rushing with too
much eagerness from one extreme to another, and Lord
Robert Montagu, when he Americanise,;2 :a1_434
_t_44ll4Wa_i_

Dr. Decaisne (Bull. G6neral de Ther.) in the course of
investigations on the influence of tobacco on the circula-
tion, has been struck with the large number of boys,
aged from nine to fifteen years, who smoke, and has
been led to inquire into the connection of this habit
with impairment of the general health. He has observed
38 boys, aged from 9 to 15, who smoked more olless.
Of these, distinct symptoms were present in 27. 22
there were 'various disorders of the circulation—bruit de
souffle in the neck, palpitation, disorders of digestion,
slowness of intellect, and a more or less marked taste for
strong drinks. In three the pulse was intermittent. In
eight there was found on examination more or less
marked diminution of the red corpuscles ; in 12 there
was rather frequent epitaxis ; 10 had disturbed sleep;
and four had slight ulcerations of the mucous mem.
brane of the mouth, which disappeared on ceasing
from the use of tobacco for some days. In children who
were very well nourished the disorder was, in general, less
marked. As to the ages, eight of the boys were from
nine to 12 years old ; nineteen from 12 to 15. The duration of
the habit of smoking was, in eleven from six months to a
year, and in sixteen more than two years. The ordinary
treatment of anaemia in general produced no effect as long
as the smoking was continued ; but, when this was desisted
from, health was soon perfectly restored, if there were no
organic disease.—British Medical Journal.

LAW AND POLICE.

ALLEGED MANSLAUGHTER BY A POLICEMAN.—WiIIiam
Kerridge, a police-constable, has been indicted for felo-
niously killing and slaying Henry Frogmore, a pensioner.
The constable had questioned the deceased as to
his mode of living, and receiving abuse in reply,
he took him by the collar and threw him on
his back. Death resulted from concussion of the brain.
The jury, after deliberation, returned a verdict of guilty,
accompanied by a strong recommendation to mercy. Mr.
Justice Keating, in passing sentence, remarked that the
prisoner, in a moment of irritation, undoubtedly com-
mitted an act which was followed by the logs of life, but
the circumstances were of so mitigating a character as to
entirely warrant the strong recommendation of the jury,
and the sentence of the court was that the prisoner be im-
prisoned for one week.
LEAVING A TRAIN IN MOTION.—At the Hammersmith
Police-court two passengers have been summoned. at the
instance of the Great Western Railway Company, for
having left a train in motion on the platform of the Ken-
sington station. The defence was that the guard had
jumped from the train before it had stopped, and com-
menced unlocking the doors, and that the train moved on
after it had once pulled up. The magistrate did not believe
that there had been an intentional breach of the com-
pany's bye-laws, and dismissed both summonses.
CAB LAW.—During the late cab strike a hackney car-
riage proprietor arrived at the King's-cross station of the
Great Northern Railway, and told a privileged cabman
to drive him to the Camden-road. He had scarcely
entered the vehicle when he was recognised by several
cabmen, who called out to the driver not to take him.
The driver at once ordered his " fare " to get out, and on
his refusing to do so, the cab was driven into a remote
corner of the station, where it was suddenly over-
turned, and its occupant was injured. For this he
took out two summonses, one for refusing to take him to
his destination, and the other for misbehaviour. The case
has been heard at the Clerkenwell Police-court, and the
magistrate held that, as the railway station was private
pr-perty, the complainant could obtain no redress for the
refusal to convey him to his destination. The second sum-
mons was also dismissed, Mr. Cooke holding that the
charge could not be sustained under the provisions of the
Hackney Carriage Act. A summons was, however,
granted on a charge of common assault.
DISPUTED PROPERTY,—Mr. Edward George Barnard,
of Cox's Hotel, Jermyn-street, was summoned before Mr.
Tyrwhitt, at Marlborough-street Police-court, by Mr.
Samuel Courtauld, of Gosfield Hall, Essex, for detaining
a chair wrongfully taken from Mr. Courtauld's chapel or
pew in Gosfield Church. The real purport of these
proceedings was to try the right of Mr. Courtauld, as
owner of Gosfield Hall, to a certain aisle or chapel, called
Wentworth Chapel, in the parish church of Gosfield,
as
appurtenant to the mansion of Gosfield Hall. The tech-
nical point was the detention of a chair which used to be
a portion of the furniture of the pew. The real question
was whether the de facto ownership of an estate carried
the right to the possession of a pew. Mr. Tyrwhitt
gave judgment for the plaintiff—but the matter in no
way touches on the general question of pews and pew
;nts.

The Oswestry Advertiser states that at a dinner
which Sir Watkin W. Wynn gave ''q tenants at Llange-
dwyn on Thursday, ho announce the rabbits on his

estate wero to be destroy, d.

The members of the Leeds Chamber of Commerce,
at a meeting held yesterday, accepted a proposal to sub-
scribe for a testimonial to Air. Beccroft, M.P., in recognition
of his services as a representative of the borough. The
amount of the subscription is limited to one guinea.
.

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In England there are 103 constituencies, returning
174 members, which at present are without opposition can-
didates. Supposing that this state of things contiuue, these
lenstituencies will send to the Commons' House of Parlia-
ment 93 Liberals and 81 Conservatives.
The Archbishop of Canterbury has returned from
the Continent much relieved from rheumatism, and was
able to hold his ordination on Sunday in Addington Church,
though suffering somewhat from a bronchial attack. The
sermon was preachei by the Rev, A. P. Cust, of St.
Mary's, Reading.
In view of the approaching general election,
Thursday, October 1, is to be set apart by "Christians re-
siding in London and its neighbourhood " as a day of united
prayer. Lord Ebury is announced as president, and several
eminent leaders of the Evangelical party will take part in the

proceedings.
A gentleman at Glastonbury, in Some►setabire,
has an apple-tree growing in his garden which has blos-
somed twice this year, and is now producing the second
crop of apples. The lint crop was a very good one. Also
in a garden at Lewes, in Sussex, there aro apple and pear
trees now in full bloom for the second time this year.

----
A woman named Volans, who has been receiving
parish relief at Wakefield, hie, the g ;r.l diani Lave learnt,
the nice little sum of £4OO d p )sited in ti.e b if:. The
board, therefore, have resolved to demand th r..turn of the
money sho has received from them, and to take proceedings
to compel her to refund it should she refuse to do so.
The absurdities of the "pew system" have seldom
if ever been so aptly illustrated as by an advertisement in the
Staffordshire Sentinel. In this paper an announcement is
made that there is " to be let or sold," at Old Church, Hen-
ley, " a front pew under the organ gallery," -which, it is
specially declared, " will seat seven persons, and commands
a view of nearly the whole congregation."
On Wednesday, the marriage of Walter S. North-
, cote, Esq., eldest son of the Bight lion. Sir Stafford North-
I cote, Bart., her Majesty's Secretary of State for India, with
Elizabeth Lucy, eldest daughter of H. S. Thompson, Esq.,
of Kirby nail, Yorkshire, was celebrated, amid unusual
demonstrations of popular interest, at Cusenam Church,
Kirby.

Twenty women have been put on the register of
county voters at Todmorden. The conservative objections
to the £l2 occupiers were invalid, and among the claimants
having this qualification were twenty women. Mr. Cole,
the revising barrister, considering that he had no objection
before him, ruled that he had no discretion in the matter,
and allowed the ladies to remain on the list.

A certain number of the inhabitants of Hanover
have presented to tl:e Prince Royal Ernest, on the occasion
of his birthday, a sword of great value. The hilt is of gold,
ornamented with a large diamond surrounded by small bril-
liants, and the scabbard of silver. On one side of the blade
is the inscription :—" Dieu et mon droit, nunquam retror-
sum," awl towards the point :—" Lagenalza," with a quo-
tation from the sth verse of the 125th Psalm.
The Revising Barrister at Bury has "made an ex-
ample" of the assistant-overseer for Elton. That official had
placed on the register a large number of persons who had
received parish relief, and were, therefore, disqualified, and
had, besides, inserted his own name, although he bad only
occupied the house for six months. The Revising Barrister
regarded this conduct as dereliction of duty, aiul 4404 do
offePding 04040.4,