The Sun.
London, England, 1850-10-24 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVE'NING, OCTOBER, 24, 1850.

the amount of crime, and afford additional security
to property.
Mr. HILL, to whose excellent intentions and ex•
emplary motives we bear willing testimony, is him-
self fully aware of the danger of legislating to meet
a pressing emergency. "I have no confidence," said
the Learned Gentleman, "in the wisdom of laws
which are prompted by exigencies. I have ever
found that the eyes of the legislator, and of
those who call upon him to get, are fixed at
such junctures exclusively on the particular mis-
chief against which he is urged to provide; and
that he and they are prone to neglect the danger of
letting in unconsidered evils, in their ardour to keep
out the one which by the force of circumstances has
obtained a great and undue hold over their minds."
So far as Mr. HILL is concerned this peril will not be
encountered, for he declares that "the question is
one which for years has engaged no small portion of
hia thoughts ;" but with the public generally, with
even the representatives of the people, the matter is
otherwise. Few, indeed, had until recently taken the
subject into consideration ; and any decision at the
present moment would necessarily be influenced by
" the excitement and anxiety created by the difficul-
ties into which we are so unexpectedly plunged,"
and should, therefore, be carefully weighed, and even
distrusted, before it could be acted on with any degree
of safety.
Mr. HILL declares, and unfortunately his state-
ment is too well founded to admit of contradiction,
that " it is notorious to all the world that a numer-
ous class exists among us, known individually to the
officers of justice, as persons who followed crime as a
calling, and who have no other means of subsistence
than the remuneration which belongs to their nefari-
ous course of life. Fora time, not unfrequently, ex-
tending over several years, they follow this calling
with impunity, because no opportunity has
been found to bring home to them any
particular act of crime." It is known that
they must necessarily commit almost daily
offences, that they must plunder in order that they
may live. The Learned Recorder speaks of this un-
toward state of affairs with the indignation it, so
justly merits :—" That bands of enemies, to whom
even the laws of war are unknown, or by whom they
are disregarded, should be permitted to wander from
town to town, making no secret of their contempt for
justice and its guardians, braving the opprobrium of
their calling, and only refraining from the most ap-
palling violence when they can secure their plunder
without its aid, and while such bands are indivi-
dually as well known to the police as to each other, is
a state of things which would disgrace an age of
barbarism, and which nothing but long familiarity
could enable us to contemplate without horror and
astonishment !" These are sentiments in which all
right-minded persons must concur. But what re-
medy can be adopted for the acknowledged evil which
may not be even worse than the disease it is at-
tempted to cure ? That is the question—the im-
portant problem—the judicious solution of which is to
be anxiously looked for. •

In order to meet the rapidly increasing evil, Mr.
HILL proposes that " when, by the evidence of two or
more credible witnesses, a jury has been satisfied that
there is good ground for believing, and that the wit-
nesses do actually believe, that the accused party is ad-
dicted to robbery or theft, so as to deserve the,appellation
of thief, he should be called upon in defence to prove
himself in the pcssessicn of means of subsistence
lawfully obtained, either from his property, his la-
bour, or the assistance of his friends. On the failure
of such proof, let him be adjudged a reputed thief,
and put under high recognizances to be of good con-
duct for some limited period, or, default of responsible
bail, let him suffer imprisonment for the same term ;

ana until the experiment had been tried and found
successful he would confine the operation of the law
to persons who had already been convicted of felony,
or of such a misdemeanor as necessarily implies dis-
honesty in the guilty party, as fur instance obtaining
money or goods under false pretences."

The adoption of such a law would undoubtedly in-
flict a heavy blow and great discouragement upon the
criminal population. The police could easily get rid
of obnoxious individuals ; but it would do more—it
would prevent the possibility of reformation by any
who had once unfortunately fallen. The first con-

victionld seal their doom. They would infallibly
be folldWd with a keen and persevering animcsity
that vvou!d banish hope and drive them into renewed

crime. They would practically be outlAwF, ai.d far
better that they should he sent into perpetual
banishment for the first offence thin that the

sword should be p-rpetually suspended over their
heads. On this point, Mr. DAvis, in his admirable
report to the Lord Mayor and Aldermen on the

state of Newgate, says—';l have known some very
cruel cases, where information has been given that
has thrown persons out of their honest livelihoods'
and plunged them into fresh trials, which some have

successfully resisted, and others have, by the over-
cfficiousness of officers, been driven into their old

courses by despair of ever doing well, and transporta-
tion has been the consequence."

An attractive and anecdotal paper on "The Last
Days of Louts PHILIPPE" lends a peculiar interest
to the current number of the Quarterly. Not-the
least surprising among the changes effected by recent
occurrences is the circumstance that we should peruse
in the English organ of Conservatism a memorial no-
tice of his late Majesty the ex-King of the Barricades
couchei in language su singularly generous and
beneficent. It would be a violation of all sincerity
to deny that we have reed this tribute of admiration
to the memory of Louis PHILIPPE with a very pro-
found gratification. The heinous guilt of the departed
as a Sovereign, the many criminal acts of his political
life, the execrable policy which led first to
the estrangement of the French multitude,
and ultimately to the annihilation of his go-
vernment, have never blinded us at any period
of his career to those extraordinary qualities
which illustra'ed the brighter phases of his character,
and imparted a beautiful fascination to the marvels of
his vicissitudes. His domestic merits, throughout
the whole of his long and chequered history, were ever
conspicuous. His munificent patronage of genius and
virtue was only surpassed in modern times by that of
the Emperor NAPOLEON. His simplicity of habits,
even during the days of his greatest pomp, when
seated on the throne of Louis the Magnificent, in-
vested his presence with a dignity beyond that of any
ordinary potentate. His ripened scholarship, his
eclectic tastes, above all the wonderful and yet unos-
tentatious versatility of his accomplishments, added
tl-e loftier charms of intellect to the animated
mannerisms of his conversation. At all times,
durirg the latter portion of his existence,
upon all occasions without distinction, under every
possible variety of circumstances, whether he received
his visitors in the galleries of the Tuileries or in the
saloons of Claremont, in the drawing-rooms of St.
Cloud or in a bed-chamber of the Star and Garter at
Richmond, Louts PHILIPPE displayed those qualities,
sometimes brithent, sometimes serene, which are the
characteristics of a certain order of greatness. Men,
however prejudiced, never failed to admire that Prince
of an ancient and decaying race, who as far as his
individual powers were concerned had drawn the
gold of experience, thrice purified, out of the fires of
misfortune, and who, in spite of all the mutations
of a revolutionary epoch, had, nevertheless, found
leisure to cultivate to the very highest point
of development those large and various talents with
which his nature had been unquestionably invested.
,Estimating thus impartially the merits as well as the

"t,Liemerits of the deceased Monarch, it has been only a
s,,urce of pleasure to ourselves to find "his many
great qualities, his varied talents, his vast public ser-
vices, and the unblemished virtues of his private life',
the subject of commemoration in the pages of the Tory
Quarterly.
Perhaps no Sovereign since the days of his proto-
type Thyisss was ever afforded such repeated and in-
e)tunable opportunities of learning wisdom by his
wanderings, or of deriving the loftiest truths from
the depth and singularity of his vicissitudes. LOUIS
PHILIPPE, while yet a stripling, had tasted
the sweets of knowledge from the tuition of Madame
DE GENUS, and the bitterness of glory under
the banners of DUMOUBIEZ. lie had,:as it were, wit-
nessed the decapitation of an infamous parent by the
blede of that avenging guillotine to which he had de-
dicated the purest and the best o' Kings, out of a
miserable truckling to Democracy. Driven from his
native country by these events, he bad found the ,

r wholoof his vast patrimonial estwes confiscated to
that Liberty which, in rising from its long attitude of
prostration, had shakers down the pomps and the in-
• stitutions the weight of whose very gorgeousness had
hitherto kept it in a state of abasement. Exiled
from France, and beggared in his fortunes, the young
Prince acquired for an interval a mean but honour-
able subsistence, by performing the duties of a school.
master in one of the mathematical academies
of Switzerland. It cannot be forgotten that
but very recently, on the occasion of his demise in his
second banishment, we traced in these columns the
line of his protracted peregrinations. We followed
him from country to country, from continent to con-
tinent, from the rivers of Germany to the forests of
Canada, from the Arctic regions, already trodden by
the foot of his countryman, CuATEAUBRIAND, to that
palatial residence in Italy, where he claimed the
hand of the Neapolitan Princess. Almost every one
of the principal countries of Europe were traversed in
this manner by the man whose ambition was destined
to affect the interests of the world in 1830, to reign over
the French kingdom for upwards of seventeen years,
and ultimately, in 1848, to be crushed by an over-
whelming retribution. During his travels it: is not
surpri,ing to find that the Due D'ORLEANS
acquired a multiplicity of accomplishments—speak-
ing with the fluency of a native, besides his mother
tongue, the German, English, Spanish, and Italian
languages. Insomuch was the ex-King remark-
able for this skill as a linguist, that the Quar-
terly Reviewer observes, as it were in illustra-
tive corroboration, " We have heard that last
year, at a private concert, he (LOUIS PHILIPPE)
surprised Mademoiselle JENN Y LIND, by making her
a compliment in very good Swedish" (p. 567).
While thus sedulous in developing his intellectual
faculties during the period of his wanderings, Louis
PHILIPPE was careful in like manner to use those fa-
culties in one respect, at any rate, to the advantage of
France during the period of his seventeen
years sovereignty. We allude to his adornment
of that country with superb monuments and national
edifices, the most splendid fruits of a glorious and
prolonged tranquillity. In as far as he completed
many of the sumptuous public works began
either by King Louis XIV. or by the Emperor
NAPOLEON, the departed Monarch has conferred
inestimable advantages on France by the judicious
employment of his regal and cultivated magnificence.
The palace of Versailles alone would be a sufficient
attestation of this, were no other proof in existence
—that gorgeous palace, which may be called the un-
written history of France, or a history written only,
so to speak, by the brush and the chisel.
The eulogiums pronounced over the tomb of Louis
PHILIPPE by the English Quarterly have no reference,
however, to this, being restricted principally to those
more domestic excellences which reflected honour
upon the deceased as a man. His equanimity under
the pressure of misfortune is especially parti-
cularised, and is described as having been con-
spicuous during the days immediately following
his expulsion from France in February. In illus
tration of this admirable amenity of temperamen
says the reviewer—

"We have heard a curious anecdote which was
brought to light by a gentleman's jocularly calling him
Mr. William Smith, in allusion to his having made his
escape from France in that character which his know-
ledge of English enabled him to support so well. Oh!'
said the King, gaily, have another and earlier
English name; I am also Mr. George White, at
your service.' How so, Sir?' ' Why, after the
Hundred Days I drew up a relation of my own
share in the transactions of that time, and I wished
to have it printed for a very limited and confiden-
tial circulation to a few friends. So I had a press
set up in my house at Twickenham, and hired a couple
of journeymen printers, who worked it under lock and
key ; but after all these precautions, I was taken quite
aback by being told that if any single copy should get,
either by treachery or negligence, into strange hands,
the voitivae might be reprinted and published with im-
punity; and that the only remedy for this was to enter
the bo)k at Stationers' Hall. So I lost no time in
hastening to Stationers' Hall, where for, I think, the fee
of two shillings, I entered my work as the property of
George White, of Twickenham."

The anecdote is interesting, for inasmuch as it be-
tokens an agreeable suavity of disposition and a homely
regard for the practices of English life. The whole paper,
from which this account of the incident is extracted,
will be found equally pleasant in perusal, and we
can direct the attention of our readers the more
readily and the more earnestly to its perusal from
our appreciation of its pervading magnanimity. Both
for its generous feeling and its ability the article is
honourable to the Quarterly.

I We direct attention to a communication in another
part of The Sun respecting an Irish racket Station
for the arrival and departure of packet-vessels to the
West and East Indies, America, Spain, Portugal,
the Mediterranean, &c. &c. Let Government
throw all local and party considerations overboard
in selecting the most eligible situation, and if they
have the courage and the honesty to do so, we think
they will fix on Berehaven, in the noble bay of Bantry,
on the western coast of Ireland, as the very best for
safety as well as the nearest for distance.

['HE FRENCH REPUBLIC

We have received the French journals of yesterday,
but at a very late hour.

The Moniteur announces the appointment of Gene-
ral D'HAUTPOUL to the Government of Algeria, and of
General SCHRAMM to the War Ministry. It remains
to be seen whether the new Minister-at-War will be
more yielding to the exigencies of General CHANGAR
mut than his predecessor has been.
The Bourse was agitated in consequence of these
Ministerial changes, and the price of Government
Securities declined.

The cholera has disappeared from Marseilles.
PARIS BOURSE, OCT. 23.—Latest Prices.—Five per
Cents., 92f. 00c. ; Three per Cents , 57f. 50c. ; Bank
Actions, 2,300 f.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXOHANGE, Ocr. 23.
Boulogne and Amiens, B%—East Indian, 9A —Namur
and Liege, 7%—Paris and Roues, 24LA—Paris and Stras-
bourg, 7fi —Sambre and Meuse, 3

ITALY.
THE PAPAL BULL.
APOSTOLIC LETTER OF HIS HOLIN E. SS POPE PIUS Ix.,
ESTABLISHING AN EPISCOPAL HIERARCHY IN ENG-
LAND.

"AD I'ERPETUAM AEI MEMORIAM."
The power of governing the universal church en-
trusted by our Lord Jesus Christ to the Roman Pon-
tiff, in the person of St. Peter, Prince of the Apostles,
has maintained for centuries in the apostolic see the
admirable solicitude with which it watches over the
welfare of the Catholic religion in ell the earth, and
provides with zeal for its progress. Thus has been
accomplished the design of its Divine Founder, who, by
establishing a chief, has in his profound wisdom en-
sured the safety of the church unto the uttermost time.
The effect of this solicitude has been felt in most na-
tions, and amongst these is the noble kingdom of Eng-
land. History proves that since the first ages of the
church, the Christian religion was carried into Great
Britain, where it flourished until towards the
middle of the fifth century. After the invasion
of the Angles and Saxons in that island, government
as well as religion fell into a most deplorable
state. At once our most holy predecessor Gre-
gory the Great sent the monk Augustine and his fol-
lowers ; then he created a great number of bishops,
joined to them a multitude of monks and priests,
brought the Anglo-Saxons to religion, and succeeded
by his influence in re establishing and extending the
Catholic faith in all that country, which then began
to assume the name of England. But to recall more
recent facts, nothing seems more evident to us in the
history of the Anglican schism of the sixteenth cen-
tury than the solicitude with which the Roman pon-
tiffs, our predecessors, succoured and supported, by
all the means in their power, the Catholic religion,
then exposed in that kingdom to the greatest dangers
and reduced to the last extremities. It is with this
object, apart from other means, that so many efforts
have been made by the Sovereign Pontiffs, either by
their orders or with their approbation, to keep in
England men ready and devoted to the support of
Catholicism; and in order that young Catholics en-
dowed by npture might be enabled to come on to the
continent, there to receive an education, and be
formed with care in the study of ecclesiastical science,
especially in order that, being in sacred orders, they
may on their return to their country be able to sup-
port their countrymen by the ministry of their word
and by the sacraments, and that they may defend and
propagate true faith.
But the zeal of our predecessors will perhaps be
more clearly admitted as regards what they have done
to give the Catholics of England pastors clothed in an
episcopal character at a time when a furious and im-
placable tempest had deprived them of the presence of
bishops and their pastoral care. First, the apostolic
letter of Gregory XV., commencing with these words,
"Ecclesia Romana," and dated the 233 of March,
1623, shows that the Sovereign Pontiff as soon as
possible deputed to the Government of English and
Scotch Catholic bishops, William Bishop, consecrated
Bishop of Chalcis, with ample faculties and powers.
After the death of Bishop, Urban VIII. renewed this
mission in his apostolic letter, dated January 4, 1625,
addressed to Richard Smith, and conferring on him
the bishopric of Chalcis, and all the powers previe
ously resting on Bishop. It seems subsequently, at
the commencement of the reign of James 11., that
more favourable days were about to dawn upon the
Catholic religion. Innocent XI. profited at once by
the circumstance, and in 1685, he deputed Juhn Ley-
burn, Bishop of Adrumede, as vicar apostolic for all
the kingdom of England. Subsequently, by another
apostolic letter, dated the 30th of January, 1688, and
commencing as follows " Super cathedram," he
joined with Leyburn three other vicars apostolic,
bishops in partibus, so that all England,
by the care of the apostolic nuncio in this
country, Ferdinand, Archbishop of Amosia, was
divided by that Pontiff into four districts;
that of London, the west, the centre, and the north,
which at first were governed by apostolic vicars, fur-
nished with proper faculties and powers. In the ac-
complishment of so grave a charge they received
rules and succour either by the decisions of Benoit
XIV., in his Constitution of May 30, 1753, which
commences with the words " Apostolicum minis-
terium," or by those of other Pontiffs, our predeces-
sors and our congregation for the propagation of the
faith. This division of all England into four apos-
tolic vicarages lasted till the time of Gregory XVI.,
who, in his apostolic letter, " Aluneris apostolici,"
dated July 3, 1840, considering the increase of the
Catholic religion in'England, and making a new ec-
clesiastical division of the country, doubled the num-
ber of vicarages, and confided the spiriturl govern-
ment of England to the vicars apostolic in London, of
the west, the east, the centre, of Lancaster, York, and
the north. The little we have just said proves
clearly that our predecessors applied themselves
strongly to use all the means their authority gave
them to console the Church of England for its
immense disgraces, and to work for its resurrection.
Having before its eyes, therefore, the good ex
ample of our predecessors, and desirous, by imitating
them, of fulfilling the duties of the supreme apostolate ;
pressed, besides, to follow the movements of our heart
for that portion of the Lord's vineyard, we proposed
to ourselves, from the commencement of our pontifi-
cate, to pursue a work that was so well begun, and to
apply ourselves in the most serious manner to favour
every day the development of the church in this king-
dom. For this reason, considering as a whole the
state of Catholicism in England, reflecting on the
considerable number of Catholics which keep still in-
creasing, remarking that every thy the obstacles are
falling off which stood in the way of the extension of
the Catholic religion, we have thought that the time
was come when the form of ecclesiastical government
should be resumed in England, such as it exists, freely
exists, in other nations, where no particular cause ne-
cessitates the ministry of vicars-apostolic. IVe have
thought that by the progress of time and things it was
no longer necessary to have the English Catholics
governed by vicars-apostolic, but, on the contrary,
that the changes which had already been made neces-
sitated the ordinary form of episcopal government.
We have been confirmed in these thoughts by the
desires expressed to us by the vicars-apostolic in
England, as well as by numbers of the clergy and
laity distinguished by virtue and rank, and by the
wishes of the great majority of English Catholics.
In maturing this design we have not failed to implore
the aid of the Almighty and Most Gracious God,
and that he would grant us grace in this weighty
affair to resolve upon that which should be most suit-
able to augment the prosperity of the Church. We
have further besought the assistance of the blessed
Virgin Mary, Mother of God, and of the saints,
whose virtues have made England illustricus, that
they would deign to obtain by their intercession with
God the happy success of this enterprise. We have
since commended the whole business to the grave and
serious consideration of our venerable brothers the
Cardinals of the holy Roman Church forming our
congregation for propagating the faith. These senti-
ments having been found completely conformable to
our own, we have resolved to sanction them, and carry
them into execution. It is for this reason, after hav•
ing weighed the whole matter most scrupulously, that
of our own proper motion, in our certain knowledge,
and in the plenitude of our apostolic power, we have
resolved and do hereby decree the re-establishment in
the kingdom of England, and according to the com-
mon laws of the Church, of a hierarchy of bishops
deriving their titles from their own sees, which we
constitute by the present letter in the various aposto-
lie districts. To commence with the district of Lon-
don, it will form two sees—to wit, that of Westminster,
which we hereby elevate to the metropolitan of archi-
episcopal dignity, and that of Southvvark, which we
assign to it as suffragan, together with those which we
proceed to indicate. The diocese of Westminster
will include that portion of the aforesaid district
which extends to the banks of the Thames, and com-
prehends the counties of Middlesex, Essex, and Hert-
fordshire ; that of Southwark, on the south of the
Thames, will include the counties of Beds, South-
ampton, Surrey, Sussex, and Kent, with the Isles of
Wight, Jersey, Guernsey, and others adjacent. In
the northern district there will be but one episcopal
see, which will take its name from the town of Hag-
glestown, and have for its circumscription that of the
existing district. The district of York will also be a
diocese whose capital will be the town of Beverley.
In the district of Lancashire there will be two bishops,
of whom one, the Bishop of Liverpool, will have for
his diocese the Isle of Mona, the districts of Lone-

dale, Amouuderness, and West Derby; and the other,
the Bishop of Salford, will extend his jurisdiction
over Salford, Blackburn, and Leyland. The county
of Chester, though belonging to this district, win
be united to another diocese. In the district of
Wales two episcopal sees will be established, that
of Salop and that of Merioneth and Newport
united. The diocese of Salop will contain the coun-
ties of Anglesea, Carnarvon, Denbigh, Flint, Merio-
neth, and Montgomery, to which we join the county
of Chester, detached from the district of Lancaster,
and that of Salop from the centre. To the diocesp of
the Bishop of Merioneth and Newport are assigned
the counties of Brecknock, Glamorgan, Carmarthen,
Peml/4roke, and Radnor, also the English counties of
Hereford and Monmouth. In the western district we
create two sees, Clifton and Plymouth ; the first com-
prehending the counties of Gloucester, Somerset, and
Wilts ; the second those of Devon, Dorset, and Corn-
wall. The central district, from which we have de-
tached the county of Salop, will have two episcopal
sees, Nottingham and Birmingham ; to the first we
assign the counties of Notts, Derby, Leicester, Lin-
coln, and Rutland ; to the second the counties of
Stafford, Bucks, Oxford, and Warwick. In the
eastern district there will be one see, which will take
its name from the town of Northampton, and retain
the present circumspection of the district, except the
counties of Lincoln and Rutland, which we have as-
signed to the diocese of Nottingham.
Thus, in the very flourishing kingdom of England there will be one single ecclesiastical province, with i

one archbishop and twelve suffragans, whose zeal and
pastoral labours will, we hope, by the grace of God,
bring new and daily increase to the power of Catho-
licism. For this reason we reserve to ourselves and
successors the right to divide this province into seve-
ral, and to increase the number of its bishoprics as
new ones may be required, and in general to settle
their boundaries as it may appear meet before the
Lord.

Meanwhile, we enjoin the archbishop and bishops
to furnish at sated seasons reports of the state of
their churches to our congregation of the Propaganda,
and not to omit informing us on all points concerning
the spiritual good of their flocks. We shall continue
to avail ourselves of the aid of the congregation of
the Propaganda in all that concerns the affairs of the
Church in England. But in the sacred government
of the clergy and people, end all which concerns the
pastoral office, the archbishop and bishops of England
will enjoy all the rights and faculties which bishops
and archbishops can use, according to the disposition
of the sacred canons and the apostolic constitutions,
and they will likewise be squally bound by all the
obligations to which other bishops and archbishops
are held by the ccmmon discipline of the Catholic
Church.

Their rights and duties will not be in any case im-
paired by anything that is at present in vigour,
whether originating in the former form of the Eng-
lish Church, or in the subsequent missions instituted
in virtue of special constitutions, privileges or customs,
now that the same state of things no longer exists. And
in order that no doubt may remain, we suppress, in the
plenitude of our apostolic power, and entirely abrogate
all the obligatory and juridical force of the said spe-
cial constitutions, privileges, and customs, however
ancient their date. The archbishop and bishops of
England will thus have the integral power to re-
gulate all that belongs to the execution of the com-
mon law, or which are left to the authority of the
bishops by the general discipline of the Church. As
for us, most assuredly they shall never have to com-
plain that we do not sustain them by our apostolical
authority, and we shall always be happy to second
their demands in all which appears calculated to pro-
mote the glory of God and the good of souls. In
decreeing this restoration of the ordinary hierarchy of
bishops in England, and the enjoyment of the common
law of the Church, we have had principally in view
the prosperity and increase of the Catholic religion in
the kingdom of England but we have also desired
to gratify the desires of so many of our reverend
brethren governing in England, under the style of
vicars-apostolic, and also of a great number of our
dear children of the Catholic clergy and people.
Many of their ancestors presented the same prayer to
our predecessors, who had begun to send vicars-
apostolic to England, where no Catholic bishop
could exercise the common ecclesiastical law in his
own church, and who afterwards multiplied the num-
ber of vicars-apostolic, and of districts, not because
religion was submitted in this country to one excep,
tional rule, but rather because they would prepare
the foundation for the future rebuilding of the ordi-
nary hierarchy.
This is why we, to whom it has been given by the
grace of God to accomplish this great work, declare here
that it is not in any manner in our thoughts or in-
tentions that the bishops of England, provided with
the name and rights of ordinary bishops, should be
destitute of any advantages, of whatever nature they
may be, which they formerly enjoyed under the title
of vicars-apostolic. It would be contrary to reason to
allow any acts of ours performed at the earnest prayer
of the English Catholics, and for the benefit of reli-
gion, to turn to their damage. Rather we cherish the
firm hope that our dear children in Christ, whose alms
and largesses have never been wanting to sustain in
England religion, and the prelates who govern there
as vicars, will exercise a still larger liberality to the
bishops who are now attached by permanent bonds
to the English Church, in order that they may not
be deprived of temporal aid, which they will require
to ornament their temples and adorn the Divine
service, to support the clergy and the poor, and for
other ecclesiastical services. Finally, lifting the eyes
to the Almighty and Gracious God, from whom comes
our help, we supplicate him with all instance, obsecra-
tion, and action of grace, to confirm by Divine grace
all that we have decreed for the good of the Church,
and to give of his grace to those whose it is to execute
these decrees, that they may feed the flock
of God committed to their care, and that their
zeal may be applied to spread the glory of his
name. And, in order to obtain the most abundant
succovr of celestial grace, we finally invoke, as inter-
cessors with God, the holy Mother of God, the
blessed apostles St. Peter and St. Paul, with the
blessed pa•rons of England, and especially St. Gre-
gory the Great, in order that the solicitude we have
displayed, notwithstanding the insufficiency of our
merit, to restore the episcopal sees of England, which
he founded in his days with so much advantage to
the Church, may likewise redound to the good of the
Catholic Church. We decree that this apostolic
letter shall never be taxed with subreptice or obrep-
tice, nor be protested for default either of intention
or any defect whatever, but always be valid and firm,
and hold good to all intents and purposes, notwith-
standing the general apostolic edicts which have ema-
nated from synodal provincial or universal councils,
the special sanctions, as well as the rights of former
sees in England, missions apostolic, vicarages consti-
tuted in the progress of time, notwithstanding, in one
word, all things contrary whatsoever. We likewise
decree that all which may be done to the contrary by
any one, whoever he may be, knowing or ignorant,
in the name of any authority whatever, shall be with-
out force. We decree that copies of this letter,
signed by a notary public, and sealed with the seal of
an ecclesiastic, shall be everywhere received at the
expression of our will.

Given at St. Peter's, at Rome, under the seal of
he fisherman, the 24th of September, 1850, and in
;he fifth year of our pontificate. _

A. CARDINAL LAMBRUSCRINL

AMERICAN NEWS.

(BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.)
LIVERPOOL, THURSDAY MORNING.
By the American mail steamer Atlantic, Captain
West, we have advices from New York to the l2th
instant. The Europa had arrived out. Exchange
was quoted at 109 f. Cotton holders were very firm,
in consequence of unfavourable advices from the
South.
Breadstuffs—Flour market dull and heavy, corn
meal inactive. Indian Corn in demand at lower
prices.

Freights—To Liverpool inactive, to London it
regular.

ADDiscomnt.--The Governorship of the East
India Company's Military College at Addiscombe, near
Croydcn, - has become vacant by the decease of Major-
General Sir Ephraim Stannus, C.B. The appointment
which is one of considerable value, is in the gift of the
chairman and directors of the company. Sir Ephraim
Statutes was a most efficient Governor, and his death is
deeply lamented by the whole body of gentlemen cadets and
other students.
Tun NEw STAMP ACT.—It has been already stated
that great activity has prevailed at the office of Stamps and
Taxes, at Somerset-house, for the last month, in preparing
to meet the demands that were expected from the alteration
under the new Stamp Act for deeds, leases, transfers, agree-
ments, and other stamps, reduced under the new scheme of
the Chancellor of the Exchequer, which has given so great
an impetus to legal business throughout the United King-
dom. The demands for stamps under the new Act have been
so great for the country districts that the Commissioners are
still obliged to keep the employes in full work from nine A.m.
till nine r as. in what is called the " dry department," in
stamping the numerous parchments sent in. It will be at
least another month before the quantity required to be com-
pleted can be transmitted to the parties. In London there
have been upwards of 1,000,003 stamps already delivered to
the different solicitors, law agents, &c. The average num-
ber of postage stamps sent to the Post-office is 12,0001. per
week, besides those for the country.

THE FREEHOLD LAND MOVEMENT.—MEETING AT
NORWICH.—On Tuesday evening last the Norwich Reform
Committee commenced their operations for the coming year,
by a public meeting in St. Andrew's Hall, at which Wm.
Scholefield, Eeq., M.P., for Birmingham, and Mr. James
Taylor, the secretary of the Freeholders' Union, were invited
to attend, for the purpose of explaining the principles of the
freehold movement. James Coleman, Esq., the sheriff, pre-
sided. The following resolution was put to the meeting, and
unanimously passed :—" That the meeting has heard with
the utmost interest of the great success which has attended
the efforts to extend the freehold franchise in the northern,
midland, and metropolitan counties, and believes that by the
adoption of the same system in this district of the kingdom,
a not less triumphant instance might be furnished to the
country of its adaptation to advance the popular cause; and
that it be referred to the executive committee to take im-
mediate measures for giving effect to this resolution." The
meeting then seperated.

Two PIGEONS ARRIVED FROM SIR JOHN Ross.—.
We have learned from a private source, that on Friday last,
two of the carrier pigeons taken with him when he left the
Port of Ayr, and some of which were to be dispatched home
in the event of his either finding Sir John Franklin or being
frozen in, arrived at Ayr, finding their way at once to the
dove-cot which they occupied previous to their being taken
away. The birds, we understand, arrived within a short
time of each other, but neither of them, we regret to be in-
formed, conveyed anything in the shape of letter or note of
any. kind. One of them, indeed, had had some document
attached, and was found to be considerably mutilated—it
.having apparently been shot away. The time they were
liberated by Sir John Ross is, of course, uncertain, but
taking into consideration the well-known powers of flight
possessed by the carrier pigeon, it cannot have been very
long s'nce they left our gallant countryman. The arrival of
authentic news from the Arctic regions will be looked forward
to with additional anxiety, from the probability which has
now arisen that some tidings may have been heard of Sir
John Franklin. Independca, however, of the interest which
otherwise attaches to the extraordinary flight of the pigeons,
it will be regarded by naturalists as a most remarkable inci-
dent. We do not recollect cf any parallel to it. The dis-
tance the creatures must have traversed cannot be far short
of 2,000 miles, and as they travel by sight, and no by scent,
the fact is the more extraordinary. Sir John Ross, we be-
lieve, took five pigeons with him, which, it may be remem-
bered, were stated, in the last accounts received of him, to
have been at that time all alive, so that there are still three
to be accounted for.—North British Mail.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.
The CITY, TWO O'CLOCK.
lifito3 of Cotton at L'velpool yesterday were
estimated av 6,000 bales, of which 1,000 American were
taken on i.peculaion. The market closed firm at a
shade higher for American sorts. The sales com-
prised 5,000 American, 300 Penam and Maranhao) at
lid to Bid; 150 Bahia at 8/(1 to &id; 400. Surat at sfd
to kid; and 80 Sea bland at is lid to is 10d per lb.
—ln Railway Shares a fair business was done, but
prices had a downward tendency.
The stock of sugar in the principal ports of Great
Britain, Hamburgh, Holland, and Antwerp was on the
Ist inst. about 132,054 tons,-,of which 115,054 tons were
here. At the corresponding date of 1849 the total
stock was 167,956 tons; and of 1848, 162,176, tons. Of
coffee the stock on the Ist inst. in the same places was,
35.880 tons, against-39,232 tons at the like date of 1849,
and 58,814 tons in October 1848. In the instances of
both these important staples, therefore, the decline is
important.

The steamer Atlantic is telegraphed, but her letters
will not be received here until to-morrow.
The heavy weather has again occasioned a delay in
the arrival of the mails, and there is consequently not
much commercial information from abroad.
At Amsterdam on the 22d inst., Dutch Stock was
rather better, the Two-and-a-Half per Cents. being 56g.
A fair business was done. Spanish Bonds were higher,
and Mexican were in request. The rate of exchange
on London for bills at short date was 11 90. Gold in
bars of 1,442 f. GO per Netherlands pound was at 12 to
13 per cent., a•id silver was at 104 to 104 60. English
sovereigns were 11 93 to 12.
At Frankfort on:the 21st inst. Austrian Metallics were
78-4, and Spanish Three per Cents. 33 15-16 to 34 3-16.
The Honourable East India Company has drawn
bills upon its possessions, during the sixteen days ending
the 23d inst., to ,the following amount, the rate of ex-
change being 2s. on Bengal and Madras, and 2s. Old. on
Bombay :—Bengal 383,928/. ; Madras 17,6864 and
Bombay 4,1401.

According :to official returns the note circulation of
England during the month ending the sth instant was
25,345,3611., a decrease compared with the previous
month, of 330,8231. ; and the total for the United
Kingdom was 33,082,4152, an increase of 78,6061.
Compared with 1849 there is an increase 0(1,954,932/.
The English Funds have been depressed, an article in
the Times representing that France and Russia proposed
to act aggressively against Prussia, having led to specu-
lative sales. There is really no particular apprehension
felt, however, that the interference or connivance of
Prussia in:the Holstein war, in violation of its late treaty,
will be kept up contrary to the energetic remonstrance
of t,the :allied powers; but such a piece of informa-
tion coming upon the heels of money sales,
opens a field for the Bears, and is " good" with them
fur or 1 per cent. The public have probably bought
for the present as much as they intend to take, or will
be checked by this reaction; but should any material
decline occur, without sufficient cause, investments fur
money would doubtless be re-commenced. Consols have
been 97 to 978 for Transfer, and 97* to for Account,
being now only 97 to *. Bank Stock has risen to 211
and 212. Exchequer-bills ,are 66s to 675, and India
Bonds 86s premium. The New Three-and-a• Quarter
per Cents have been 984 to
Foreign Stocks arc affected by the decline in
Consols. Sf anish Five per Cents. have. been
18it, *, and the Three per Cents, are nominally.
.381 to 2. Portuguese Four per Cents, are about 334 to
344. Peruvian Stock has been quoted 802 to 814 for
the Four-and-a-Half per Cents., and the Deferred
Bonds have receded to 368 and 36. Chilian Six per
Cents. have been 1024. Danish Five per Cents. have
been 992 to 101, and Russia❑ 109 to 1092, being a shade
lower. Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents. have
realised 578 to ZB. Greek Bonds have been done at 4
without the coupons.
Railway Shares are flatter, and lower quotations have
been accepted for North-Western, Midland, York, and
North Midland, Eastern Counties, Great Western,
South-Western, and Brighton. Caledonian and Aber-
deen have been firm. The Foreign lines are a little
weaker.

Mining Shares are steady, and Joint Stock Banks
end upwards.

The last week's railway receipt•, ascertained up to
day, are in round figures as under:--

1850. 1849
Great Western £18,293 .. £17,313
North-Western
South-Western 11,423 ... 10,471
Brighton
Midland
South-Eastern
North Staflord
Caledonian
QU4RTER TO THREE.
... 971
... 97i

Consols ...
Ditto Account

BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK.
( From the Official List.)
Bank Stock 212 211
3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities.... 96%
3 per Cent. Consols Anns
New 316 per Cent. Anna. 58%14
Long Annuities. Exp. Jan. sth, 1860
Do. 30 Years, Expire Oct. 10, 1859 7 9-16 11-16
India Bonds under 1,0001 B6 p
consols for Account
Exchequer Bills. I%d. za.
March. June.
1,00n1... — 67 66 p
5001
11
Small — 70 p
PRICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCK.
Chilian Bonds, 6 per Cent ...... -. .. 102%
Danish Bonds 1825, 3 per Cent....
Ditto, 5 per Cent
Greek Bonds, 1824 and 1825 —
Ditto Ex Over-due Coupons 4
Mexican 80ni5,1846,5 per Cent., coupons
Ditto Ex Jan. Coupons
Ditto for the Account
Peruvian Bonds, 41/2 per Cent Bl 81% 803/
Ditto Deferred
Russian Bonds, 1822, 5 per Cent lO9 109%
Ditto 41,4 per Cent ii7l4
Spanish Bonds, 5 per Cent. ......
Ditto Account ... .. lBl,a
Ditto Passive Bonds 334
Dividends on the above payable in London
Dutch 2% per Cent., 12 Guild
Ditto 4 Der Cent. Certificates
BUSINESS DONE IN RAILWAY SHARES AT ONE O'CLOCK
RAILWAYS. PAID. PER SHAWL
berdsen
Ditto, Preference Bi .ll/ chs.... to
1/2. tuber., Notting., Boston, &c. 81,E —
kyrshire and Gallaway
9gifast and County Down .. 32 .. .. --,
3erks and Hants Extension
tGt. West. Perpet.s per ct.) 6
iirmingham & On.-fordJ unct.,
calls duly pd, or with guar. 20 -
Do., withouta guarantee... 20
Birmingham,Wol.,& Dudley,
calls duly pd, or wit h guar. 15 .....
Do., without a guarantee... 15
3irroing., Wol., & Stour Val. 131.14 e —
irhenhead, Lancashire, and
Cheshire Junction 26
iristol and Exeter lOO ...... ...... to
iiickinghamshire
aledonian - 5 O 5O ..... 8%%... to
Ditto, New 10/. Preference 10 ......
Ditto. Clydesdale Junction 50 -
hester and Holyhead.... 5O ..... 10% to 1
Ditto, Preference
larence ... _ 78i .....

)irect London & Portsmouth 61,..i —
)ablin andlle, stJunction.. 45
Dundalk and Enniskillen ... 30
East Anglia, 251. L..& E.,
and L. &
Ditto, 181., E. & H lB ... ..
Do, 31. 135.,6 p. Ct. Pref.... 3% — ..... to
Do., do. (51.) 7 per Cent.
Preference ...
Do, 71. 175., 7 per Ct. Pref
&astern Counties
Do. Exten., 5 per ct. No. 1,61.13 e. 4d — p to
Do.. do N0.2,61. 138.4 d.. lig p x.d. to
Do. New Pref., 6 pQr Cent.. 10
Do.,
Northern & Eastern... 50
to

Do., 5 per cont. 5O , —
Ditto, New . «43 . .••• 56 ....••• to
'astern Union, Class A (late
E. U. Shares) ...... ... .. 25 - •••••• to ....11
Ditto, ditto, Class A, ditto 6 . --
Ditto, ditto, B & C .. ...• • 25
Ditto Scrip (gua. 6 per ct.) 20 . 2O ... to
east Lancashire ... .
Do., New Quarters
Do., 6 per Cent. Preference
Quarter Shares
mast Lincolnshire, guar. 6 per
__

. _
Cent. ... . .. .:.. 25
Edinburgh and Glasgow 5O 251/2 ...... to 26
Edinburgh, Perth, & Dundee 25
Ditto, New port.. ... ..... .. 15 - ...... to
Exeter, Yeovil, & Dorchester 2% — ...... to
Exeter and Exmouth... 2ls — ... .. to
Glasg., Dumfries, & Carlisle-8/. 63.8 d — .. -. to
Glasgow, Kilmarnock, & Ayr 50 — to
Do. Preference Consolidated
...... to --
Gloucester and Dean Forest.. 16
Grreat Northern .
Do./ A Deferred ...-
Do. 1/2 B 6 per Cent....... 121/2 lO to
Do., 5 per Cent. Pref. ...... 121/2 l2 111 to 12
Gt. South. & West. (Ireland) 50 - ..." to
Ditto, Eighths 2l/2 to --
Great North of England 100 -
Dittos New 40/..... ..... .. .. 40 ......
Ditto, New 301. BO ... .. -
Ditto, New 151...... ... ...... 15 ---
Great Western ........ .. - —lo° -

Do. New 17/ ........ 15 .. ... -
Hull and Selby
Ditto, Half Shares .. ...... 25
Ditto,Quarter Shares ... 12% 22 ...... to --
Lancaster and Car1i51e........ 50
Do., Thirds
Lancashire and Yorkshire ...100
Ditto Quarters 23%...... ...... to
Ditto Fifths
Ditto. Thirds lB ......
Do., New Guar. 6 per cent. 10
Do. (Rudders. and Sheff.) 50
Do.. West Riding Union... 1114. • •••••• te --
Leeds and Bradford
Leeds and Thirsk 5O — -.• • to --
Do. , do., Prefer., 6 per Cent. 6 . — ..... .to -..
Ditto, ditto... -
Ditto, ditto ..... ... No. 3 5
Do. Pref. Quarters. 1848... 9
Liverpool, Crosby, and South-
port..
London & 81ackwa11......11/. 6s. 3d 7%%% to
London, Bright on ,Sz S. Coastloo
Do. Guarnteed 5 per Cent. 9 ......
De., Prefeential, 5 per Ct., 50 ....., ..... .to „-
Ditto, dito 1852 50 ..... ...... to
Do., New, gua. 6pr Ct.... 100 .....137 ...... to
London and Greenwich... 12!. 15s. 4d... ...... to
Ditto Preference
London & North Westem.....loo llB
Do. New Quarters..
Dv. Fifths
12 •••- ' to ...-•