The Sun.
London, England, 1850-12-12 00:00:00

AMERJU±

E WS.

ARRIVAL OF THE CAMBRIA..
L ERCOOL, WEDNESDAY EVENING.
The Royal Mail steam-ship Cambria, Captain
Leitch, whose arrival has been expected during the
past few days, has arrived, and brings 32 passengers,
and the usual mails from the United States and the
several provinces of British North America.
The Cambria reports a succession of very severe
gales, which was the cause of her protracted run. She
reports the arrival cf the Niagara at New York on the
223, and the Europa at Halifax on the 27th.
The dates by this arrival are New York, Nov. 263
Boston 27, and Halifax '29.
We are without any telegraphic dispatch by this
arrival.
The news, although interesting, is not important.
At Washington a rumour prevailed that the Pre-
sident had ordered a marshal to proceed to Missis-
sippi, and arrest Governor Quitman on a charge of
procuring arms for General Lopez. A great Union
meeting had been called at Nashville to denounce
the proceedings of the southern convention, and sup •
port the Union. The resolutions of Nashville as
passed are the same as the Mississippi resolutions,
except the one recommending non-intercourse.
Msjor Donaldson is reported to have denounced the
unhallowed purposes of the convention, and was
loudly cheered. The Augusta Chronicle pronounces
the resolutions passed as treasonable.
Seine dissatisfaction had been expressed with re-
gard to the conduct of Secretary Cousin, for having
decided against allowing more than one member of a
family to hold office in the department over which he
presided. A Washington paper of the 21st, the Re-
public, declares that however much the President
would deplore the necessity of employing the troops
of the United States against insurgent citizens, he
would not for a moment hesitate or falter in his
course, but would bring all the force at his command,
the militia, army, and navy, if necessary, to see that
the law be faithfully executed. A cing Cabinet
meeting was held at Washington, at which Mr.
Webster gave his views on the several stirring topics
of the day.
In the Massachusetts elections to fill vacancies, the
Democratic and Free Soil Coalition is still prospe-
rous. In Michigan they joined with the Whigs.
The present arrival brings a variety of late intelli-
gence from California, which had arrived at New
York by the steamers Crescent City and Ohio.
These ships brought specie and gold dust to a large
amount—upwards of 2,000,000 dollars. The news
is interesting and satisfactory. The intelligence of
the admission of California as a state was well re-
ceived by the inhabitants of San Francisco, where it
reached on the 18th of October. As soon as it be-
came publicly known there was a general outburst
of satisfaction—bonfires and ether demonstrations of
joy were called into requisition. A state election
commenced at California on the 7th of October, but
at the date of the last dispatch the returns were not
completed. Neither party are reported to have gained
much on the other. The news from the mining
districts was of the usual character—quietness and
order are reported to prevail in that quarter of the
state. Those engaged in collecting the precious me-
tal were making a living and nothing more. Except
in a few instances, the miners were directing their
attention to turning the course of the rivers and
streams, which so far had been attended with success,
and a great many were determined to winter in the
gold regions, in preference to going to the cities as
they did last year. Notwithstanding these rather
unsatisfactory accounts, it is reported that gold-
dust continued to pour into San Francisco in large
quantities, and business there and throughout the
State was represented as being in a very prosperous
condition.
The intelligence from Mexico states that no doubt
was entertained that General Arista was elected Pre-
sident of the Mexican Republic. Riva Palacio had
been elected Governor of the State of Mexico.
The state of Durango was suffering severely from
the ravages of the Indians. Juan Gangora had ob-
tained from Congress the privilege of establishin.b an
electric telegraph between Vera Cruz and the city of
Mexico. There was a proposition pending to light
the capital by means of an electric light, of great
brilliancy and effect.
The Committees of Finance had presented the fol-
lowing project of law to the Chamber :
a Art. 1. There shall be establiathed a consumption
duty of 8 per cent. on all foreign merchandise intro•
duce,' into the interior of the country, proceeding from
the Maritime or Frontier Custom-houses.
"2. This duty shall only be collected once, in what-
ever place the goods way be destined.
" 3. One-half of the net product of this duty shall be
destined to the respective States, which may name over-
seers at their own costs; the other half shall be for the
general Government.
4. To collect this duty the officers shall subject
themselves to the rules observed by Maritime and Fron-
tier Custom-houses in the collection of internal duties
created by the law of the 24th day of August, 1830 ;
which shall continue to be collected.
5. Toe Maritime and Frontier Customhouses can-
not issue permits except for towns that contain 4,000 in-
habitants. The Government will give the officers the
necessary information in order that this disposition shall
be complied with.
"6. The Government, on putting this law in force,
shall subject itself to the law of the 24th of February
and Sth of April, 1837, establishing temporarily the
offices which must substitute those treated of in those
laws.

" 7. Four months after the publication of this law the
collection of the 3 and 2 per cent. of consumption duty
imposed by the States, by virtue of the laws of the Ge-
neral Congress of the 22d of December, 1824, and 22d
of January, 1829, shall cease. The said States, without
h,iog authorised by Congress, cannot alter the present
law, nor the others existing, nor dictate any measures
relating to the commerce of foreign merchandise.
"8. The decree of the 6th of October, 1848, which
doubled in the Federal district the direct contribution,
and established 11 per cent. on sales by wholesale, is
repealed.
" 9. The collection of the duty established by Article
1 shall take effect four months after the first publication
of this law in the capital of Mexico. The committee is
composed of Eheverria, Alaman, Ileino, Prieto, Pimen-
tel, and Baistegin."
A person named Juan Granja had obtained from
Congress the privilege of establishing the electric
telegraph between Vera Cruz and the city of Mexico.
Mr. Banithead, the English Minister, departed
from Mexico on the 3d of October, in a greatly im-
paired state of health, leaving Mr. Dodge in charge
of the Legation.
The United States mail steamer Pacific arrived at
New Orleans on the 22d from Chagres, with specie
in gold dust to the amcuot of 250,000 dolls. The
steam• ship Ohio, from Havannah, with late advices,
was at New York with 800,000 dolls. in gold-dust,
and the Crescent City was at the same port with
1,100,000 dolls, in gold-dust on freight, besides a
large amount in the hands of passengers. By the
latter vessel we have advices from San Francisco to
the 15th of October. The United States steamer
C,,rolina left San Francisco on the 15th of October,
and arrived at Panama ou the, 3d ult., having on
freight 1,500,000 in gold-dust. The steam-ship
Columbus, from the same port, had arrived at Panama
with 300,000 dolls. on freight. The reported loss of
the screw-steamer Sarah Sands is untrue. Her Ma-
jesty's steamer Gorgon was spoken 'on the 2d of
November, surveying.
The last advices from Havannah mention that the
Captain General Cuta had arrived at that city. lie
reached Havannah by the Caledonia, lately one of the
Cunard line of mail steamers sailing from this port to
Boston, after a run of 24 days from Cadiz, including
stoppages of 5 days at the Canaries, St. Thomas, and
Porto Rico.