The Sun.
London, England, 1868-03-14 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDDN, SATURDAY CVEN-ING, MARCH 14, 1868.

THE IRISH CHURCH.

Once more we must return to the past ; and,
loathsome and detestable as the picture is, we
must paint it in all its hideousness. Cham-
pions should know the precise character of
the cause they advocate ; and those who battle
for the cause of the Church by Law Estab-
lished in Ireland should have presented to them
in all its deformity, in the deepest depths of
its wickedness and injustice, the cause for
which they are ready to lay down their lives.
This is no metaphor—they have declared their
willingness to shed their blood, not as martyrs
but as soldiers, in defence of the Protestant
Establishment. Only a few days ago the matter
was brought before Parliament by an Irish
member, but, as yet, we have not received the
reply of the Government. At a Protestant
defence meeting, a Protestant clergyman
uttered the most seditious language, and de-
clared that those who were there assembled
would resist, even by rebellion, any act of the
British Parliament to disendow the Irish
Church. This is not the first specimen we
have had in recent times of the loyalty of the
Orangemen in Ireland. They are loyal so long
as they have their own way in all things, but
when they aro threatened in one single thing
they are greater rebels than the Fenians. " Sed
mi ignosco "—we are all partial and forgiving
to ourselves and to those who resemble us ;
and the English Government will punish a re-
bellion that is dictated by national feeling, and
condone sedition that is motived only by
hatred to Catholicity. We have already given
one sketch of the foul creation for which this
minister of the Protestant Church militant
exhorted his hearers to shed their blood as sol-

diers in open rebellion to the Queen of the
country, and the recognized head of the Pro-
testant Church established, without the grace,
and in opposition to the will of God, in the
kingdom of Ireland. But the tale is but half
told ; there is more of the past to be disclosed.
We have to draw, too, the picture of the pre-
sent, and then to speculate on the future.
We have given some insight into the admirably
Christian and saintly characters of the first
four archbishops of Dublin—the founders and
first apostles of this " fold of Christ in Ire-
land," as some would call the Establishment.
The last of them, Bulkeley, who was a re-
gular " priest-hunter " (and he hunted with
a pack of musketeers), lived to be deposed by
the Puritans, and tasted the sweets of im-
prisonment for reading the Book of Common
Prayer, and died at Tallaght, in 1650, " spent
with grief." In a word, the system of spiri-
tual persecution that has existed in Ireland was
formed, founded, organized, and carried into
execution, not by the Executive, but by the
first Protestant apostles, sent over to evangelize
the land. They carried no scrip with them ;
but, in order to fill their purses, they wielded
the staff without mercy. What was the result
alienated the Irish
ofrfonitheairnytpyrosasninbyili?ty
oTfhseyympathy with Eng-
land, and introduced a reign of terror, suc-
ceeded by a reign, for a time, of rebellion.
Then as now the Church question was the
great question of the day. The bishops had
their own way, and what was the consequence?
In the time of Charles 1., the " No Surrender"
of the Ascendancy party and the persistence
of the prelates in the demolition of the Catholic
altars had in time their natural results. The
Catholics of the Pale, resolved no longer to be
deprived of liberty of worship, confederated
with the Irish chieftains—assembled at Kil-
kenny—raised an army—held a Parliament—
established a mint—levied taxes—and " The
Confederation of Kilkenny " declared them-
selves a free nation, subject to the Crown of
England, loyal to their Sovereign, but deter-
mined to enjoy religious liberty. For a time
there was a National Government in Ireland
with all the accessories of nationhood, and the
Government located at Dublin Castle proceeded
to treat with the Government located in Kil-
kenny, through the then Viceroy, as to the
I terms on which complete unity and concord
could be restored, and the two nations made
one in sympathy, one in loyalty, and one in
prosperity. Intrigue and treachery, and divided
counsels on the one side, and bigotry on the
other, again marred the prospect of forming
a strong empire on the basis of equality of
rights. The prelatic party fancied they had
gained a victory for the King by creating
disunion amongst the Irish, and preventing the
final adjustment of terms. But the victory
they gained lost the King his throne, and
cost him his head, and the usurper Cromwell
treated them with as little ceremony as they
were disposed to treat the " Papists." But
there was no relief for the poor Papists.
;'t Although some conformed in Dublin, they
were " transplanted "—that is, sent to the
West, and in 1656, on the petition of Mr.
Hartley, " All Popish shoemakers were ordered
to be searched for by the Mayors and Sheriffs
of Dublin, and none allowed to inhabit in Dub-
lin or its suburbs, but to be ordered to with-
draw and conform to the proclamation." In
1657 " Popish coopers" were discovered and
ordered to withdraw from the city. And some
of the wealthier Conformists who had good
houses, but who declined to give them up to
the English imports, were returned on a list to
be tried by court-martial if they did not remove
within a stipulated number of hours. The
relaxation which allowed " forty-three Popish
artificers" to continue " to abide in Clonmel,"
and " necessary labourers and artificers, not
exceeding forty," to remain in Kilkenny—the
City of the Confederation—that city in which
the National Government of Ireland sat for
years—did not apply to Dublin ; for in the
metropolis the English had abundance of skilled
Protestant workmen, and could dispense with
" Popish " and unannealed Conformist labour,
while the Protestant trade guilds of the Dublin
iCont re pr
foerraetdi o hwiunted nt e
their
exclusivet he m uas t
privileges.
Need we say more ? Need we paint in fuller
detail this picture of the past ? There is
much more to be said—much more to be
written ; but time presses, and we must, per-
force, pass on to the present. For now-a-days
people are not so much affected by the recital
of past injustices as of present evils, and yet
the past is but the seed of the present, and
the better fruit that has been garnered in
Ireland in late years. The harvest which is
now giving its corn in abundance to Pro-
testantism, and its husks to Catholicity, is
but the result of the seed-sowing of Anglican
divines (?). For the present we will leave them
and theix works, and pass on to the results of
their nefarious schemes. "By their fruits you
shall know them ;" and we confidently assert
that, judged by its fruits in Ireland, the Pro-
testant Church Establishment is a " barren
fig tree." " Why cumbereth it the ground ?"
First, we must make manifest its barrenness,
and then ask every honest man why the sen-
tence " Cut it down " should not be passed
upon it P—Westininster Gazette.

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knots an hour, sailing close upon the wind, two points
nearer than a ship could be brought to it, and it is as-
serted that running two points free should have made
twenty knots.

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MISCELLANEOUS NEWS.

(From the Anglo-American Times.)
A writer in the Times objects to casual or una: ct-
thenticated telegrams from America on the cotto tt
market. We presume he alludes to the reports of
the Messrs. Neill, which, with another American
firm, dispatch messages to Europe, which cause the
violent fluctuations lately witnessed in Liverpool.
If the Liverpool Chamber of Commerce objects to
the messages of private firms producing results so
great, the simple remedy is in their hands, of
procuring returns from an official source. The
following message is dated New York, March 7 :---
" According to Messrs. Neill's report the week's re—
ceipts of cotton at all ports amount to 83,000 bales,.
against 52,000 last year, and the total since the Ist,
September to 1,733,000 against 1,425,000 last year..
Exports to Great Britain this week, 53,000 bales,.
and since Ist September 773,000 bales. Exports to,
France for the week, 10,000 bales, and since Ist of:
September, 166,000. To other foreign ports for-
the week, 12,000 bales ; and since Ist September,,
172,000. Total exports for the week, 75,000 bales.;
since lst September 111,000. Stock at all ports,
345,000 bales. Rivers rising. Gulf markets de-
pressed. The steamers sailing to-day for Europe
take out $250,000 in specie.
Mr. Adams, we believe, will not leave London
nor vacate his appointment so soon as was expected.
If our information be correct he has consented, at
least for the present, to remain at his post.
If the Hon. Ben. Wade succeeds to the Presi-
dency, vice Andrew Johnson removed, the Union
Pacific Railway, in all its branches, will have a
good friend in a high place. He takes the greatest
interest in everything connected with that grand
undertaking, and he will surely use the great power
and influence he will possess for its advantage.
The following telegram was received last Satur-
day morning, dated Washington, March 6 :--" Pre-
sident Johnson has been summoned to appear before
the Senate Court on the 13th instant. The Secre-
tary of the Treasury has issued the usual monthly
statement of the public debt of the United States.
The total amount of the debt on the Ist March was
$2,618,000,000, against $2,651,000,000 on the Ist
of February last, being a decrease of $3,000,000.
The cash in the Treasury on the Ist instant was
$128,000,000, against $124,000,000, being an in-
crease of $4,000,000." The Message, dated New
York, March 11, relating to the New Hampshire
elections, is embodied in our first leading article.
Last week we had an instance of the enterprise
of individual journals in New York, when Colonel
Anderson, the agent of the New York Herald gave
the latest intelligence to the people of England, of
their expedition in the wilds of Abyssinia. This
week we have a striking instance of the lavish ex-
penditure the American Press will incur to obtain
the fullest and earliest information. The whole
debate on the Alabama Claims was sent to New
York by the Cable. What a contrast to the pro-
ceedings of the London. Press. The dYew, York
Herald every morning contains columns 'of close
print, every word of which, has arrived by telegraph,
no small portion coming from _Europe. .In the
Empire City the inhabitants have earlier and fuller
news of events in Europe than- the citizens of Lon-
don—a strange fact, though undeniably true. For
a week there existed a not very improbable chance
of the United States being plunged into a civil war ;
yet the whole enterprise of the London Press was
confined to a five or ten pound message, which the
liberality of the Times induced it to give. We were
obliged to calculate the course of events arising
from the impeachment of the President by the price
of gold. We hope some day that we will be in a
position to obtain " special" telegrams on Friday
night for this newspaper.
The Committee appointed by the House to pre-
pare the Impeachment charges had agreed to five,
and were consulting as to the sixth. In Lorenzo
Thomas's appointment three violations of the
Tenure-of-Office Bill are charged. Two are based
on a law approved July 31, 1861, to define and
punish certain conspiracies—
That if two or more persons within any State or terri-
tory shall conspire together by force to prevent, hinder, or
delay the execution of any law of the United States, or by
force to seize, take, or possess any property of the United
States against the will or contrary to the authority of the
United States, or by force, or intimidation, or threat to
prevent any person from accepting or holding any office or
trust or place of confidence under the United States, each
and every person so offending shall bo guilty of a high
crime, Si c.
This is violated by the General's action on the Pre-
sident's order to take possession of the War De-
partment. These articles are susceptible of easy
proof, and can be quickly decided, and therefore
recommend themselves strongly to the House. The
other on which the Committee was doubtful
accuses the President of attempting to bribe by
promoting army officers. This would require time
to secure the proof and delay the trial. Mr. Sumner
proposed a resolution in the Senate, on the 28th
February, forbidding official intercourse between
that Chamber and the President, which was re-

j ected.
A profound sensation has been created at Flo-
rence by the report that Mr. Seward had included
the name of General Garibaldi among the secret
agents employed in Europe by the United States.
On the list sent by Mr. Seward to Washington, the
General was said to be the agent for Italy. The
discussion in Congress on the proposal to strike out
the appropriation for these agents called forth a
strong opposition from Mr. Seward. He defended
the system, maintaining its utility, and on occasions
its absolute necessity, while distinctly refusing to
give up the names of those employed. The report
is almost as insulting to the Secretary of State as
it is to the Italian patriot, for Mr. Seward is as
little likely to betray his agents as Garibaldi is to
act the spy.
If Royal ceremonials can do anything for pacify-
ing Ireland, which we believe they can, the Prince
of Wales is about to make a good beginning. He
proceeds to Ireland, accompanied by the Duke of
Cambridge, to be enrolled among the Knights of the
National Order of St. Patrick. This Order consists
of twenty Irish noblemen, the Sovereign being its
chief, and the Lord-Lieutenant for the time its
Grand Master. The Prelate is the Lord Primate,
and its Chancellor the Archbishop of Dublin. The
last ceremonial took place in 1821 when the Marquis
of Drogheda was installed, and George IV. presided.
This is to be the great feature of the intended visit,
though there will be many grand military displays,
the great race of Punchestown, and a series of
magnificent entertainments by Lord Abercorn.
Pat is very fond of glitter, and if he can thus easily
be pleased, it is, to say the least, a pity that such
efforts have been delayed so long.
The Democratic National Committee, which met
at Washington on the 22d February, decided on
New York as the place, and July 4 as the time for
holding the Democratic National Convention. The
Cleveland Johnson Soldiers and Sailors' organization
will also meetat the same time and place to strengthen
the above Convention. The committee seem to
favour Pendleton for President, and young John
Quincey Adams for Vice-President. Judge John
D. Caton, of
Ottawa, Illinois, when declining to
stand as Democratic candidate for Governor of the
State, declared it to be his opinion that Pendleton's
nomination for the Presidency will inevitably secure
the defeat of the party. Horatio Seymour and
others found supporters amcng the committee.
The Kentucky
Republican Convention nominated
General Grant for President, so also did those of
Wisconsin and Missouri. The Kentucky Demo-
cratic Convention nominated George HF. Pendleton,
and that of lowa went for the samecandidate.
An attempt has been made to assassinate Presi-
dent Juarez, in a theatre, and to rob the Treasury.
The advices are to the 19th February. Two Mexi-
cans returned from Havannah had induced the offi-
cers of the regiment guarding Juarez' palace to take
part in the plot, but it was exposed and defeated, the
officers being arrested, as well as many foreigners.
Romero, the new Secretary of the '1 reasury, esti-
mates the monthly revenue receipts at $300,000, of
which $50,000 is to be set aside for payment of the
legitimate foreign debt, in which is included that of
Great Britain and Spain. An order has been issued
by the Government to sell by auction confiscated
property, the proceeds to be used for extinguishing
the national debt ; and it is thought by this means
$lOO,OOO of the amount can be paid off monthly.
Juarez has obtained six months leave of absence to
Yisit Wallington, The. Government has granted

to the United States the right to establish coal
depots on either the island of Pichilinque or at
Lopez, a concession repeatedly refused the British
Government. A steamship company now run ves-
sels from San Francisco every 20 days to Mazatlan,
thence to Acapalco, carrying the Mexican mails,
-under a Government subsidy. A clause in the con-
tract stipulates for the company to present the
:Mexican Government with a steamer armed with
four 12 and two 24 pounder guns, and a full convic-
t rent of men. Heretofore the company was com-
pelled to place their vessels under Mexican colours, but
under the new arrangement steamers are permitted
to sail under the American flag.
Adjutant-General M'Dougall, of Montreal, pro-
poses to fortify the frontier of Canada, as a protec-
tion against the United States in the event of war,
by a series of detached forts of wide circumference.
Frank Leslie calls this the most stupid suggestion of
the year, and we heartily agree with our contempo-
rary. " Canada," it says, " would be crushed up
like an empty egg shell in the event of a war, and
as the Canadians flatter themselves if they think the
United States would take them as a gift, both sides
might spend their money in a more rational man-
ner." The debates in Parliament on the subject
represent so much time thrown away. Money ex-
pended in the way Adjutant-General M'Dougall
proposes is worse than sunk in the Atlantic. When
a weak General within the grasp of a strong enemy
can deceive his opponent by paper fortifications and
wooden guns, as the Chinese do, he may escape
under cover of the delusion. But a General who
deceives himself by such fortifications most surely
comes to grief. Nothing can be more mischievous
than a belief in one's own strength where there is
only a well-known weakness, and it provokes the
very danger that either strength would have pro-
vided against or a known weakness averted.
There is a sympathetic influence between the
English and Americans, notwithstanding the
breadth of the Atlantic. Even the Clerk enwell
explosion can find an echo at Washington. Mr.
Kennedy, the superintendent of the New York
police, discovered that 1651 b. of nitro-glycerine
had been obtained from the United States Blasting
Oil Company under a forged order, and as he could
not trace it, he informed Major Richards, superin-
tendent of the Washington police, of the fact, sup-
posing that it might be intended for blowing up
Congress. Major Richards forwarded the despatch
to Speaker Colfax, who communicated its contents
to the House. As Mr. Kennedy declared the quan-
tity sufficient to blow up St. Nicholas' Hotel in
New York many members became possessed with
the idea of a Guy Fawkes' plot, ani the House was
quickly and considerably reduced in number. At
least that is one statement. The other is, that the
Democratic side listened to the letter with shouts of
laughter, declaring that they could not believe any
rebel would blow them up merely to destroy the
Republicans. All idea of violence at Washington
arising from impeachment has evaporated.
Cyrus•W: Field, at his great dinner in the Palace
Hotel, exclaimed, with that energy that shows that
the sentiment is from the heart, " Cursed be the
man' who breeds strife between these kindred
nations." If we are to believe the Washington
correspondent of the Standard, the man is Andrew
Johnson ; the motive, a low selfish design for
diverting public attention from himself and sup-
porting the rotten political platform on which he
stands with a few fresh props. Not only does the
correspondent reiterate the truth of the information
contained in his letter of 31st January, asserting
that President Johnson had determined to bring
the Alabama claims to a direct issue, putting Mr.
Seward aside, and insisting upon the settlement
demanded by America, but he maintains that the
President is more than ever bent On this step, that
he regrets having delayed it so long, that he thinks
the opportunity now to be good, that impeachment
has strengthened rather than weakened his purpose,
and had he acted earlier, he believes he would have
disarmed his Radical enemies. Whatever might
have been the effect of earlier action, the time has
certainly now gone by. The correspondent writes
as if Andrew Johnson was somebody of importance
in the Union. It is not unlikely that the next de-
spatches sent by an European American Minister will
be submitted to the Hon. Ben. Wade, and if An-
drew Johnson be found guilty he will subside into
something less than ordinary American citizens, all
of whom, except criminals, can at least aspire to
office, whereas Andrew Johnson will be incapaci-
tated by law. We do not think that the intentions
of Andrew Johnson are worth considering.
The Bill passed by Congress declaring a ma-
jority of the votes cast to be sufficient does not
affect Alabama, as it is not retrospective. Definite
returns of the election had not been received. In
55 counties 78,095 votes were cast, of which
77,572 were in favour of the Constitution. Seven
counties remained to be heard from, but in three of
these there were no elections at all, and General
Hayden refuses to order others. The Republicans
relied upon the negro vote, yet only two-thirds of
those registered came to the polls. Congress is at
a loss how to deal with Alabama. At a Congres-
sional caucus it was proposed to declare the State
reconstructed by an Act of Congress, but this
was strongly opposed by many leading mem-
bers of the party. The Florida Convention has
adopted its Constitution. Harrison Reid was
named for Governor, William H. (;Masson for
Lieutenant-Governor, and C. H, Hamilton for
member of Congress. The five members who re-
fused to sign the Constitution had their pay and
mileage stopped by the forty who did sign it. North
Carolina has nominated ex-Governor Holden for
Governor under the new Constitution, and Colonel
Heaton for member of Congress. Georgia is discussing
the question whether railway companies and other
carriers should not be compelled to transport ne-
groes in equality with whites. Virginia has been
discussing suffrage, and two black delegates de-
fended with vigour and skill the capacity of negroes
to use the suffrage for good. A Tennessee Judge
recently refused negroes to serve on a jury. The
Louisiana Treasury is bankrupt, and in conse-
quence there is danger of the Government ma-
chinery stopping—the military aid in the col-
lection of taxes. Three thousand negroes ask
the aid of Congress to emigrate from Alis-
sissippi to Liberia. In Arkansas the Recon-
struction election is to commence on the 15th of
March, to remain open until more than half the
registered members have voted. General Grant has
directed General Hancock to countermand his order
removing seven members of the New Orleans Com-
mon Council, and if Hancock acts up to what he
threatened he will resign. The Mississippi Con-
vention passed a resolution thanking Congress for
Impeachment.
The Supreme Court has had before it several im-
portant cases, involving the power of a State to tax
Government Bonds held by savings banks and
corporations, though it has not yet reached a deci-
sion. Two of these cases are from Massachusetts,
Attorney-General Adams appearing for the State.
Mr. Dawes acted in one of them for the Corporation.
It was the opinion when the mail of 29th Feb-
ruary left that the Republicans would come off vic-
torious in the elections in New Hampshire. The
recent events at Washington, it was believed, had
strengthened the party, and it was thought they
would carry the State by a majority of 3,000.
Many of those interested in the cause had left for
Connecticut, where their services were more needed,
considering the result to be certain in New Hamp-
shire. General Sickles, on the 26th February,
addressed a large meeting at New Haven. The
election was watched with a keen interest, as indi-
cative of public opinion on Impeachment, and as
the Republicans have carried the State it may be
accepted on this side as the best proof of the na-
tional sentiment.
The best point made by Lord Mayo, in his reply
to Mr. Maguire on the Irish debate was that if
Ireland is crushed beneath a tyranny—that tyranny
is administered by Irishmen. The Lord-Lieute-
nant is an Irish nobleman, the Chief S.!cretary is an
Irish country gentleman, with less Saxon blood in his
veins than many of the patriots that spout Fe-
niauism in New York. The Lord Chancellor is an
Irish lawyer, the Judges are all Irishmen, nine out
of twelve being Roman Catholics. The police; to
which Mr. Maguire referred as of a purely military
character, intended to act in masses against the
people, were entirely Well, and MOfitly Roman