The Sun.
London, England, 1844-10-03 00:00:00

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.

PORTS3IOUTII, OCT. I.—The Mayor of this borough,
Mr. E. Casher, having written to Sir Robert Peel upon
the subject of the visit of the King of the French to this
port, en route to Windsor, and to know if his Majesty
would receive an address from the Corporation and in-
habitants of the borough upon his arrival, his Worship
received a reply yesterday under Sir Robert's own hand,
stating, that he had referred the letter of his Worship
to the Comte de Jarnac, who had communicated with his
Majesty Louis Philippe upon the subject of the con-
tents, and, on the receipt of the Comte's reply, he (Sir
Robert) would communicate with his Worship the
Mayor immediately, and state the result. A similar
reply to a like application from the Mayor has also been
received from Sir James Graham. Should the answer
prove favourable, a meeting of the Town Council will
be instantly convened to resolve upon the best measures
to be adopted in furtherance of the object contemplated.
The Waterwitch, 10, Commander T. F. Birch, was
towed out of the harbour by the Echo steam-tug this
morning to Spithead, where she is now anchored.
The Pantaloon, 10, Commander (acting) Edmund
Wilson, seized the opportunity a favourable breeze af-
forded soon after the Waterwitch had anchored of
leaving her moorings in the harbour under canvass,
which she accomplished in the most gallant style, for the
breeze meanwhile freshened, and she passed out to Spit-
head at a spanking rate, creating a most favourable im-
pression of her sailing qualities. She now forms the
seventh of the experimental squadron at Spithead.
The Osprey, 12, Commander Patten, and the Fire-
brand steam-frigate, Captain Corry, remain in the har-
bour. The former is expected to leave for Spithead to-
morrow, and the latter in a few days—still short
handed (!), as also are three brigs from Chatham—the
Mutine, Cruiser, and Espiegle.

THE SCOTTISH HOSPlTAL.—Yesterday, at one
o'clock, a court of the governors and subscribers to the
Scottish Hospital was held at the hall of the Scottish
Hospital, Crane-court, Fleet-street, to receive the report
of the Committee on the bye-laws, Sce.—Mr. Nisbett, in
the chair. A preposition, moved at the previous court
to insure the picture of King William IV. (by Wilkie),
for 3001, another of Mary Queen of Scots for 200/, and
the whole of them for 6001., was agreed to. Professor
Donaldson moved that at a future court they should in-
sure the pictures for seven years, which will effect a
great saving to the hospital. A letter was read which
had been forwarded from the secretary of the Caledonian
Asylum, thanking the hospital for the donation of two-
thirds of the proceeds of the Caledonian ball. The amount
of 5401. Is. 6d. had been distributed in relief to 277 ap-
plicants in July, 289 in August, and 289 in September ;
and it was stated that about 2,000 Scottish poor residing
in the metropolitan districts in the course of the year
received the bounty of the Scottish Hospital. To the
credit side of the accounts there was the sum of
9501. Bs. 7d., and to the debit side 6751. 14s. 7d., being
2741. 14s. in favour of the hospital. The report on the
bye-laws was confirmed and adopted, when a suggestion
was made in reference to the removal of the hospital to a
site in the new line of street from Oxford-street to Hol-
born, it being stated that an eligible plot of ground for
their institution would be shortly offered. It was agreed
to refer the subject to the Committee. The court was
then dissolved.

SINGULAR INSTANCE OF CREDULITY.—On Tues-
day week, Mr. Irwin, the special high constable for the
hundred of Bucklow, appeared before the magistrates at
the Daresbury Petty Sessions, for power to pursue and
apprehend a gang of gypsies, who had obtained upwards
of 601. from a farmer of the name of Firth, residing at
Whitley, under the following circumstances:—lt ap-
peared that Mr. Firth had had a fork and several other
articles stolen from his premises, all in a very short
time; and being quite unable to discover the thief in
the ordinary course of things, he sagely resolved to
counsel some gypsies who were encamped in the neigh-
bourhood, as " they would be sure to know;" accord-
ingly he went, and succeeded in enlisting their services
in his behalf; finally, they agreed to " rule his planets"
for him, and by so doing would bo able to impart such
information to him as would at once afford a clue to the
guilty parties, and would furthermore cause them on the
third day after the commencement of the spell to stand
at his door with the missing articles, and a bag of money
in the bargain. Ono preliminary, however, would be
necessary, namely, he must deposit with them all the
money he had in the house, which they must wrap up in
his presence, in three folds of paper, and then retain for
the space of three days, after which time it would be re-
turned to him: he accordingly gave them all the money
he had, about 601. in gold. and with a light heart went
his way for three days, nothing doubting he would re-
ceive a manifold return, besides his money and goods
again. On the morning of the third day he rose up
early, expecting to find the depredators standing at his
door, as predicted ; but they did not make their ap-
pearance : after some time spent in suspense, he went
to his friends the gypsies ; but what was his astonish-
ment to find them flown, without leaving a trace of their
footsteps, or sending his money back according to pro-
mise ?

DEATH OTLIEUTBNANT•GENERAL COUNT BRAHE.—
Intelligence has been received of the demise of this much
respected Nobleman, a descendant of one of the most
noble Swedish families, who expired at Stockholm, on
the 16th ultimo, aged fifty-four years. Count Brahe
was for above thirty years the confidential friend and
councillor of the late King of Sweden, who, in 1810, when
Prince Royal, made him his Aid-de-camp, and since that
period a most devoted friendship existed between them.
The Count fulfilled many high offices in the Government
and army, and at his demise was Grand Marshal of the
kingdom. During the six weeks the late King was ill,
Count Brahe did not quit his Majesty's bedside, and his
grief was most poignant. Since the funeral of the King
he never went out, excepting to visit the grave of his
departed friend, whom, he said, it was his wish to follow.
On the 20th of July, at the opening of the Diet, Count
Brahe officiated for the last time in his functions of Grand
Marshal. his generosity was unbounded—born with an
ample fortune, ho hardly leaves any. His death occa-
sions a deep regret among all classes of society in Sweden,
who always found in this departed
_Nobleman a warm
supporter of their interests.
GALASIHELS AND EDINBURGH RAILWAY.—A nu-
merous and influential meeting of the inhabitants was
held on Friday night in the Assembly-room of the
Bridge Inn, to.hear the report of the Committee, and to
learn the nature of the proceedings in which they
had been engaged, which the Committee an •
pounced were of a highly satisfactory nature. Wil-
liam Hastie, Esq., banker, was unanimously called
to the chair, who read a report of all the proceed-
ings of the Committee connected with the projected
undertaking ; and from it., it appears that an agreement
has been entered into between the original projectors
and the Chairman and Directors of the North British
Railway Company, the latter having agreed to pay all
the expenses already incurred, to obtain a Bill from Par-
liament, to take all the necessary steps, with the least
possible delay, to complete the undertaking. Great
credit is duo to the Sub-Committee for bringing the
arrangements to such a successful termination.—Kelso
Chronicle.
CROYDON FAIR.—Yesterday the above fair, the
most favourite of all the suburban fairs (excepting
Greenwich), commenced, and from an early hour the
trains convoyed great numbers of persons from London
to it. The fair itself was of the usual character, there
being amusements to suit all tastes. The t)olice arrange-
ments were under the direction cf Superintendent
M'Lean and Inspector Collier, of the P division, who
rigidly prevented gambling of every description taking
place. The fair will be continued this day (Thursday)
and to-morrow.

HAYMARKET THEATRE.

Sir John Vanbrugh's comedy of the Confederacy
was revived at this theatre last evening with the most
complete success. We were rather curious to see this
revival, inasmuch as we doubted whether it would be
possible any alterations or omissions could make this
comedy presentable before a modern audience.
The adapter, however, has done his part most judi-
ciously. Ile has managed to cut out all the non-
presentable matter without interfering in the least
with the development of the plot, leaving zit the same
time all the brilliant smartness of the dialogue unin-
jured. The cast was immensely strong. Farren
was Money trap, the miserable mean• spirited old Owl":
and Strickland was the vulgar choleric old 131:11Y
Gripe. Mr. C. Mathews was quite at home in Bras,
as was his fair lady in the character of Flippanta ; and
Miss P. Horton and Mrs. E. Yarnold did full
justice to the characters of Clarissa and Ar-
minta. Miss Julia Bennett appeared as Co •
rinna, and has added greatly to her already
high fame by her admirable performance of last even-
ing. Never has the character of the hoyden been
more gracefully represented. She was arch, lively,
and vivacious, yet simple, graceful, and maiden-like
withal. If Miss Julia Bennett acts always in this
manner, we shall not have so much reason to regret
the secession fr6m the stage of Mrs. Nisbett as we had
anticipated. With such a cast full justice was done
to the comedy. Every point told, every witty sally
(and the comedy is replete with such) elicited a smile
of approbation; every shaft of satire aimed at the
follies and vices of mankind struck home. The cos-
tumes were rich and appropriate, and the anise en scene
beyond all praise.

OURT CIRCULAR. 1 AMENITIES of the MAX iISTERIA:
C
WiNDS Olt, WAIDNESDA Y.—Their Royal BENCH. Highness( .!s 1
! The Cork Examiner publishes fee following hi
the Prince of Wales, Prince Alfred, and the Prince is
Alice, accompanied by the Dowager Lady Lytteltel ), 'it calls " the latest exhibition. of a TO agiaterig Cwhecs
and attended by Lieut.-Colonel the lion. Marl% '.,s terflelel." The scene in Court took place at Kantur
Cast' ,e Petty Sessions on Saturda -
fle against Mr
Grey, Equerry to her Majesty, arrived at the ;
" The . esese of Honoray ..M‘Auli
at half-past five o'clock this afternoon, from tl le Pa; ✓si-
Patrick Savage. was oneeof ale first called when Mr
lion at Brighton.
The royal party travelled from Brighton 1 y a spe- T. O'Callaghan sail he up peered for the defendant
his client.
and requested the &net to leo' stpone the case for a fee
cial train to the New-cross station this aftern eon, and
minutes until he could send f e
from the station proceeded in three carriages and four
" Shortly afterwards, Mr.°. savage came on thc
to the Paddhigtvn terminus of the Great r'. hirestern
table, and Air. O'Callagan appHeehave the wages
Railway, where the eoyal party arrived at ee ,enty-
'to five minutes before five o'clock, leaving b 7 a s, Deceit' case, remaining open, gone into
"Air, ALLEN (magistrate)—..lndeee ' I will not ; you
train for Slough, and from Slcrngh proceeding in three
carriages and four to the Castle. must appeal.
" Mr. O'Callaghan—l respectfully request, sir,
Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent i ; ex•
pected to arrive at her residence; Frogmore Le
,dge, that you will take the sense of the bench' pn my ape
near Windaor this evening, from thct residence 01 her plication.
Majesty the Queen Dowager, Witley Court, Wm ces- " Blr. ALLEN—I will not, .
tershire. " Mr. O'Callaghan—May I beg, Mr. A ilen, to
s nsife tie
A deputation on the Cornwail Railway, ce g know whether, in refusing to go into this ease,, you
of the Earl of Falmouth ; Mr. Turner, Mire. for are influenced by any pique towards myself?
Truro; Captain Moorsom, Engineer; and Mr. NV:- - " Mr. ALLEN—I'II not tell you.
Bond, Secretary to the Company, transacted busie`e,s " Mr. O'Callaghan—lt appears, then, you are in-
yesterday, at the Admiralty. The members of ti.'€* tlueneed by a feeling towards me, when you refuse to
deputation had also an interview with the Bari en disavow it.
Dalhousie, at the office of the Board of Trade. .1\
s it
Mr. ALLEN—It is a falsehood.
Captain Fitzgerald had an interview with Loyd ,ceMr. O'Callaghan—These who know us both,
~, -ell who is most capable of falsehood. I have
Stanley yesterday, at the Colonial-office. know
A deputation, including Mr. W. Ormsby Gore, not a character for lies, whatever you may haves and
M.P., the Hon. R. 11. Clive, M.P., Mr. W. R. Col- I call upon
~eou to retract your words.
lett, M.P., and several other gentlemen, accompanied e me.
eseeeeeN (to a policeman, and pointing to air.
by Sir John Rennie, Capt. Moorsom, and Mr. Ray, O'Callaghan)—i'ett that man out t)f court.
had an interview with the Earl of Dalhousie yes- •
1 ' The policeman did net stir from his position, and
terday, at the Board of Trade, upon the plan for Mr. O'Callaghan slid (turning to Mr. Allen)—
making a railway from Shrewsbury to Birmingham, Neither he nor you dares do it; and I again call on
by Wellington, Shiffnal, Wolverhampton,, and Dudley. you to retract the words you have applied to me.
Dispatches were sent ofl" yesterday evening, front e Mr. ALLEN (at the same time putting out his
the Colonial-office, for the Governor of South Aus- tongue at Mr. O'Callaghanl will not.
tralia. Dispatches were also sent off for the Governor " Mr. O'Callaghan—Tha)—t's e very judicial and
of Gibraltar. dignified act, indeed, putting out your tongue.
1
" Mr. ALLEN—You are a liar, I did not.
" Mr. O'Callaghan--I call on ycu to retract those
words.
o Mee. ALLEN—No, I will not.
" Mr. O'Callaghan—Then you shall quit that
bench, to which you are a disgrace.
" None of the other Magistrates on the bench said
a word while this extraordinary scene lasted, in pre.
sence of a crowded court. Mr. O'Callaghan imire-
diately after retired, when Mr. Gilkrest addressed the
Lena, and said that he was employed in several cas es
remaining to be heard in court on that day, but that
he should retire from the court, and return the
fees to the parties who had employed him. He
should feel himself degraded if he practised there
while Mr. Allen sat on the bench, unless he
publicly retracted the improper expressions and
bin-
conduct he had used towards Mr. O'Callaghan.
. jilting
AVLen one professional man was told from the bench
that bk. was a liar, and that what he stated was a,
falsehooti, it was an insult to the whole of the profes-
sion, and inlould be resented by every member /slit.
Mr. Gilkrest, therefore, called on Mr Allen to re-
tract the lang:tage used towards Mr. O'Callaghan.
" Mr. Allen tesfused to retract, and said he was
justified in using theA languese, as he was goaded to
it ; and it was contrary eo custom to rehear any case.
"Mr. Daly—lt has been etenstantly done here;
and the very last case tried ibis ;lay, of Doolin, of
the Pawn-office, you let stand for' the defendant for
over two hours.
" Mr. Gilkrest, and the other proises .
sonal gentle-
men, then retired from the court, Mr. ,911:rest say-
ing, that he doubted if Mr. Allen would Pot offer to
retract when it would be too late.
" Mr. ALLEN, with his hat on in the chair; find
whilst the oaths were administering, then proceeptal
to hear and decide on several cases, occasionally wfie-
pering to Mr. Warren, and apparently without notic-
ing or consulting the other members of the bench.
" Mr. Leahy stood up, a little excited, and said,—
this is most monstrous and outrageous. Nobody ever
witnessed such conduct in a petty sessions court,
There is not such another petty sessions in Ireland as
this is. It is truly disgraceful. There is Alr. Allen,
one magistrate, whispering to another, and monopoliz-
ing the decisions of the Court, and treating the other
magistrates as if they had no voices in any of the de-
cisions, when the full Court should be consulted. If
another case be decided without consulting the rest of
the bench, I shall this night represent the matter to
the Lord-Lieutenant.
" Whilst Mr. Leahy was using these observations,
Mr. Allen continued calling the witnesses with the
greatest nonchalance."

A GANG OF THIEVES BROKEN UP.
(From the Cambridge Advertiser.)
Inspectors Barnes and Good, of the Herts rural
police, have recently succeeded in breaking up a gang
of notorious thieves, who have for years infested the
counties of Rutland and Lincoln, and who at last set up
a depOt in this county for the proceeds of their rob-
beries. The place selected for this purpose was in the
neighbourhood of I'uckeridge, and lately came under
the notice of the police, whose attention being drawn to
it by some suspicious appearances, laid a plan for the
purpose of ascertaining who the occupiers were, and the
nature of their pursuits. About this time an advertise-
ment appeared in the Police Gazette' offering a reward
for a large quantity of wool, stolen from Lincolnshire,
and from information obtained, it was found that the
party who had so recently taken up their abode in this
county had, until lately, been living near the place from
whence the wool was stolen. Messrs. Barnes and
Good, in consequence, resolved upon watching the
movements of the party, and, for that purpose planted
themselves upon the road, where early one morning a
loaded cart was observed to leave the premises. The offi-
cers being also provided with a horse, determined upon
following, and kept in the rear of the suspicious cart
all the way to London, a distance of nearly thirty miles,
but previously to arriving in the metropolis the in-
mates began to have some misgivings relative to the
purpose of their pursuers, and the inspectors found it
necessary to keep close to them, lest in the crowded
streets of London they might be lost sight of, and the
officer's horse was actually kept with his head over the
tail-board of the suspected cart, up one street and down
another until both were worn out with fatigue. At
length the " hunted" party was so tired that they sought
cover in the yard of the King's Arms Inn, Leadenball.
street, where one of the prisoners, named Robert Sharp,
alias Robert Logden, was observed to throw away the
plate from his cart, which bore his name and address ;
in this attempt he was, however, thwarted by Inspector
Barnes, who followed him, and picked up the plate from
some rubbish in a stable. By this time another occupant
of the cart, a female, began to throw out a large quan-
tity of pigeons and fowls ' • in doing which she was ob-
served and intercepted by Inspector Good. The officers
having observed so much, at once took the whole party
to the Bishopsgate police-station, where they were
searched. It turned out that the cart contained a large
quantity of wool, pigeons, and fowls ; and the prisoners
had in their possession a quantity of Bank of England
notes, and gold and silver come, besides some memoranda.
affording information relative to their original
abode. From the Bishopsgate station the prisoners
were taken down to Ware, and secured, whilst the
officers, by the direction of the chief constable,
proceeded to Lincolnshire, to make inquiry into the case.
Upon visiting Mr. Webster, of Nunton, the person who
had advertised his loss in the flue and Cry, he at once
identified a sample of wool produced by the officers, and
it appeared that he had suspected the very persons in
custody, whose names are Jeremiah Logden, the chief
of the gang, and Robert Sharp, alias Logden, the
adopted son of the former. The other parties concerned
are not yet apprehended. The officers then busied them-
selves iu what is technically termed " getting up the
case," searching out corroborative and connecting cir-
cumstances, in which they were completely successful.
They then returned to Hertfordshire, and from thence
took the prisoners and the property down into Lincoln-
shire, where the parties underwent an examination before
Sir J. Trollope, Bart., M.P., and were committed fur
trial to the next Peterborough Quarter Sessions.
At the close of the examination, Sir John Trollope
spoke of the conduct of the Hereford inspectors in the
highest terms of commendation, complimenting them
both on their zeal and activity, and for the manner in
which the case had been conducted.

It appears that the transactions of the prisoners hare
been most extensive, and one of them, named Jerry
Logden has actually a banking account at Stamford.

MELANCHOLY ACCIDENT.—PLYNOUTH, OCT. I.;
A melancholy and fatal accident occurred in Plymouth
Sound, under the Mount Edgecumbe shore, last swtith
the
children have
about a quarter before seven o'clock, attended
loss of five lives, and by which eight
ssmthall
at the five been rendered orphans. It appe_ark__,n,,, a friend on
per-
sons, three women and twouemenetn
4..7):
the Sound,
in the sound.
board her Majesty's ship, (2
proceeded to Cowsend, where
hired a boat at lleveontipitiojr:t and rowed alongside of that
vessel, from whence
refreshment, and took the boat
they partook ofh
half-
ast six o'clock in the evening to re-
again at about,
Plymouth, the weather at that time being
quite smooth. About a quarter of an.
hour after quitting Cowsend, they were proceeding alunw
ftauirrnalillodmtieletowater
vear the Mount Edgecumbe shore, in consequence, it is,
supposed, of the timidity of the females and of the dark.,
ness of the night, when the boat struck on a rock, an
the whole party were capsized, and before assistanc
could be rendered they had perished. The bodies we'
immediately afterwards picked up by some Cowset
boatmen, four near the spot where the boat sunk, a
the other on the Mount Edgecumbe shore, and in tl
course of the evening they were recognised by th.
friends. An inquest will be held before A. B. Bone, Esc t
county coroner, on the bodies, at Cowsend, this dad
The names of the deceased parties were Mr. and Mr.
Fowler, Mrs.. Morgan, Miss Ryder, and Mr. Knowle..
They all resided in William-street, in this town. Th
person they had gone to see on beard the Queen was
brother to Mrs. Morgan, a sweetheart to Miss Ryder
and friend to the other parties. There was no watermr
in the boat at the time the accident occurred.
INIPROVEMENT IN THE TOWER.—The wooden la) •
rier on the parade, in front of the late small armouri.
in the Tower, has been completed; but the exhumatit
of the remains of those interred beneath the stone pay,
ment on the east side of the Royal Chapel of St. Yet,
has not yet commenced, in consequence of the new vat t
built at the rear of the chard not being consecrate
The Bishop of London is expected to perform the nen
mony in a few days.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.
FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF YESTERDAY.
STANDARD.—The measures of the present
Government suffer much injustice when compared
with those of almost any other Government within
memery. They are distinguished from the different
systems of Government measures with which we
ave been made familiar in this—their not being
introduced for any merely party purpose ; they
are constructed for endurance. That the measures
of Sir Robert Peel's Cabinet are not directed
to gratify the wishes, or to promote the present
interest of any party, is abundantly proved,
on one side, by the resentment with which these
ensures are pretty generally received by all short-
sighted and self-seeking Conservatives ; on the other,
by the obvious fact, that the non-Conservative
p arty is too weak to render the conciliation of
that party an object of importance in party war-
fare. This process of government, with regard
principally to the future, involves a consider-
able sacrifice of party support on the part of
those who use it ; but it is the best for the
country, and the most faithful even in respect to
party principles. The defect in free governments—
a defect which goes far to balance the great advan-
tages possessed by such governments in intelligence,
energy, and public spirit—is the instability ofinsti-
tutions and the variety to which, from the nature of
the democratic spirit, the policy of such governments
is subject. Were it not for this defect, the
free governments of the earth would have
long since left despotically governed states much
'arther behind them, than they have done,
in the career of civilisation and social pros-
erity. The first consideration with the wise states-
men of a free country, therefore, will be to remedy
this defect as far as it is capable of being reme-
died, by placing all the valuable institutions of
the nation, and all its important interests, in a
position to protect and to perpetuate themselves,
and to insure that into whatever hands the
administration of affairs may fall, by the caprice
of Prince or people, the policy to be pursued
shall be that which wisdom and patriotism approve.
These provisions for the future can, however,
hardly be made with the entire concurrence of any
tarty—for party rarely looks beyond the present
moment, and almost as rarely is party perfectly rea-
sonable. Institutions and interests, therefore, mo-
dified and protected exactly in the spirit of party, will
not be modified and protected so as to remain perfectly
reasonable for the future, if they are so at the time
when the arrangements are made ; then will come
excuses for further changes, to which party interest
will have supplied motives, and the work effected
with too much heat en one side, will be destroyed
by an opposite zeal on the other. It i 3 an error very
prevalent with -common reasoners in politics, to sup-
pose that a people constant in principles, as the people
cf England we believe are, must be so constant in a
vigilant and jealous care for those principles as to re-
move them from all danger. We have had proof, in
eleven years of Whig government, that this is very far
from being the case. The people of England were
as deeply devoted to the Protestant religion at that
time when their Government was dealing to it
" heavy blows and great discouragement," as when
they dismissed the Stuarts or dismissed Lord Mel-
bourne, but they had rashly confided power to a bad
Parliament and a bad Government, while they were
led astray in pursuit of another object. What has
happened before may happen again. Indeed, we have
lately seen an attempt made by the same Whigs to
steal again into office by a side door (an Euro-
pean war), and if they had succeeded in ex-
citing the people to the desired madness upon
the particular point which they pressed, they would
have come into power little obstructed by their noto-
rious disregard of the religious and all the other
r.ost important interests of the country ; as the
people, when highly excited, rarely think of anything
but that which excites them. 'The Whigs, how-
var, in power as a popular war Ministry, would
soon avail themselves of anything anomalous,
cr in appearance (though in appearance only)
II- reasonable, to gratify their adherents by
t a sacrifice of the institution or interest
is which it should be found. There is, it is
true, happily, no present appearance of such a
calamity as a Whig Government, hut the visitation
s emed almost as distant in 1828, and statesmen
said be without excuse if they did not profit
1.2,- the experience of the last sixteen years.
'i hat the statesmen who occupy the seat of
Government are resolved to profit by that expe-
rience, and to leave the country safe, even
in the hands of a Whig Administration, is manifest
from their exertions to settle every great institution
and interest in the country, upon a footing to
rotect and perpetuate itself—because on a footing
so manifestly just and reasonable, and even mode-
1-at', that any attack upon it must appear a de-
claration of war on principle against the object
;wicked, a declaration which, when the object
of the attack is prized by the people, will
al ways recoil fatally upon him who makes it.
In one word, the policy of the reforms of the last
three years has been devoted to place for ever in the
wrong the assailants of all the great institutions and
im.tcrests of the country, to bring these institutions
l'irectly and constantly under the protection of the
public opinion ; and thus to make the personnel of
t I e Government a matter almost of indifference. We
a I see that these reforms are effected at some cost of
party support; and otherwise it is impossible to deny
t. at they are disinterested and patriotic.
GLOBE.—The Game-laws continue to find em-
Voyment for the Buckinghamshire magistrates. Not
a session of the Ashenden Bench is holden but there
are cases brought before this Petty Sessions of of-
ft nces against the statutes " made and provided" for
the preservation of game. The clergy who are in the
commission of the peace seem to be the most regular
ia their attendance, and most zealous in the discharge
of their magisterial functions, and most severe in
t! eir sentences upon the poverty-stricken creatures
u ha are convicted bef .re them of poaching—that
" high crime and misdemeanour" in the eyes of a game-
preserving 'squire, and more especially so, of a
game-preserving clergyman. The cherished indig-
nation of the latter against the crime is sharpened by
his charitable desire to reclaim the criminal. If the
salutary pains and penalties of the law can stop the
it rpetration of the offence, it is obvious that it be-
comes a special duty in the clerical magistrate to
t ke care that the discipline do not fail of producing
is effect, through any lack of the quantity admi-
m.i-tered to the offenders. This may account for
the proverbial severity of clerical magistrates. It is,
possibly, for this, also, among other reasons, that der-
vv men are selected for the office. Tne functions of the
Bench, whence the law deals forth its terrors, may
appear, at first sight, somewhat detrimental to the in-
fluence of the parish priest : it may appear incon-
gruous that God's messenger of mercy to sinful men
should on the Sabbath preach forgiveness of sins, on
the terms of forgiving the trespasses committed
against them ; and, on the following day, doom to the
contamination and punishment of a gaol, and their
wives and children to the privations of a workhouse,
a number of their erring fellow-men, who
have " trespassed " on the lands of some richl man
—perhaps on their own land—" in pursuit of
wnne." We have often thought the two functions
sally at variance with each other—that the higher
and holier was in danger of being neutralised by
the secular. We have wondered that clergymen
will consent to compromise their sacred voca-
tion by holding both. The consideration we have
suggested may account for their doing so—al-
though we are not quite sure that even this is
a sufficient justification for the injury which their
clerical character and influence must sustain by
the association. We, however, leave the vain and
unsatisfactory speculation, as to the propriety of a
junction of the two apparently antagonistical
offices of clergyman and magistrate, to adduce fur-
ther instances of the working of the Game-laws in
the county which gives a ducal title to the " farmer's
friend," and agricultural labourers' benefactor.
We are indebted for these further instances to the
vigilance of the same correspondent from whom
we received those kindred statements to which
we last week drew attention in an article on the same
subject :—" At the Ashendon Petty Sessions yester-
day (Monday), before T. T. Bernard, Esq., and the
Revs. George Chetwode, Thomas Martyn, and J. S.
Baron—Thomas Botley, a young man, of Greed=
Underwood, was brought up in custody, handcuffed,
having been apprehended under a warrant
on the preceding day (Sunday), charged, on
the information of Thomas Plested, one of
the Rev. G. Chetwode's gamekeepers, with
having on the 18th October, 1843, used a gun for the
destruction of game, in the parish of Boarstall.
Thomas Hoperaft, one of Mr. Chetwode's lookers
out,' deposed that he saw the prisoner on the day in
question shoot a hare, which was picked up by a com-
panion of the prisoner. The complainants had been
unable to eatch' defendant for this offence before.—
Fined 51. ; costs, 10s. 6d.; to be paid forthwith ; in
default, to be imprisoned in Aylesbury gaol for three ca-
lendar months, with hard labour.—Committed." There
are several circumstances in this short narra-
tive which deserve to be specially noticed. The ma-
gistrates present were three clergymen arid one
layman ; the offender was "handcuffed •, ".
28
though charged with one of the most heinous crimes
known to the law; to secure whom from the possi-
bility of escape, the most stringent precautions
were necessary. The sanctity of the Sabbath had
been violated by the constables; who, doubtless, held
themselves fully justified in neglecting their re-
li duties to apprehend and secure so great a
criminal. The Rev. Mr. Chetwode and the
other clerical magistrates who were associated with
him on Monday in convicting this poacher, do not
seem to have reproved the constables for neglecting
their church on the preceding day; they probably,
when enforcing the observance of the fourth com-
mandment, make a special exception in favour of

luirwal
.4k
persons to whom the apprehension of poachers
is entrusted by warrants issued by themselves.
The lapse of time since the commission of the
offence does not seem to have been considered by
these magistrates. The man might have obtained
work, and by plying his powers of labour be now
able to maintain his family. This seems to have
had no effect in obtaining for him the favourable
consideration of the Bench. The mag trates sent
him to the county prison for three months. The
abolition of the Game-laws must form a part of any
comprehensive and efficient series of legislative mea-
sures for the improvement of the social condition
of the people. We feel persuaded that the temptations
which they offer to the labouring part of the agri-
cultural population to the commission of offences which
will never be regarded by them as breaches of the law
of property ; and the estrangement of affection from
the landlords which the punishments inflicted upon
the poor half-starved labourers produce, and the
indignation to revenge which they supply, are at the
root of many of the crimes against property that
have prevailed of late in the agricultural districts.
While these crimes, when their perpetrators are de-
tected and convicted, must call forth severe punish-
ment, it is the duty of the Legislature to place as
many obstructions as possible in the way of their
commission, and especially to see that the poor are
not driven, by desperation, to seek what has been de-
signated, " the wild justice of revenge."

STATE OF TRADE.
(From the Manchester Guardian of yesterday.)

A fair amount of business was done in the yarn
market yesterday; the buyers, who had been pre-
viously holding off in the hope of obtaining a conces-
sion on account of the recent decline in the price of
the raw material, having come pretty freely into
the market at previous rates ; and prices are
very firm. The goods market presents no change
from last week. The demand for printing cloth
is still moderate ; but nearly all other fabrics are
in fair request, and firm in price. We are glad
to learn, also, that the country trade is
exceedingly brisk for the season. No doubt
the good harvest, which has just been secured,
and the moderate prices of the leading neces-
saries of life, exercise now, as, indeed, they invariably
do, a very favourable influence upon this market.
The drapers, from all parts of the country, agricultural
or manufacturing, buy more largely than they have
been accustomed to do for some years past, a pretty
sure proof that the condition of the labouring classes
has been materially improved by the decline in prices.

ROCHDALE FLANNEL MARKET, SEPT. 3O.—The
market to-day has been flat, and the demand for
flannels very limited, but without any material change
in prices. In the wool market there is no variation to
report.

LLOYD'S SHIPPING.
EAST INDIA SHIPPING.

Arrivals—Carnatic, Soames, from Madras, in the
Downs, sailed May 2, St. Helena Aug. 1 ; Penyard
Park, Weller, from New South Wales, off Dartmouth,
sailed from Sydney May 20 ; Prince of Waterloo, Elder,
from Bengal, at Liverpool, sailed March 22, Algoa Bay
June 27, St. Helena July 31 ; Courier, Burke, from
Bengal, at Liverpool, sailed April 25, St. Helena July 30;
Corea, Kerr, from Bombay, at Liverpool, sailed May 17,
St. Helena July 29.
Arrivals at St. Helena—Ophelie and Amor, Barker,
July 28, from Ceylon, and sailed 29th to London • Numa,
Tullock, from coast of Africa ; Clarendon, Stoddart,
from China ; Recherché, from Bourbon ; Gambia, from
coast of Africa ; Maid of Mona, from the Cape, and
sailed 29th to Rio ; Cleofrid, 29th, from coast of Africa,
and sailed 31st to Liverpool ; Velox, 29th, from the
Cape ; Brahmin, from China, and sailed Aug. 6, to
Liverpool ; Warlock and Pearl, from Bengal.
Arrivals at Sydney—Governor Philip, May 12, from
Norfolk Island ; Sir A. Campbell, from Port Nicholson ;
Clarence, 14th, from the South Seas ; Ariadne, 15th,
from Newcastle ; William, 16th, from Launceston ;
Caroline, from the South Seas ; Johnstone, 17th, from
Port Philip ; Velocity, 18th, from Swan River and Ade-
laide ; her Majesty's ship Hazard, from Oahu and Ota-
heite ; Equestrian, from Hobart Town.
Departures from Sydney—Navigator, May 11, to
Guam ; John and Charlotte, and Louisa, to Hobart
Town ; Christina to Port Philip ; L'Grange, 13th, to
South Seas ; Lady Leigh, 16th, to Port Nicholson.
Arrivals at Hobart Town—Tuscan, April 30th, from
London, and sailed, May 6, to New Zealand ; Caroline,
May 5, from Sydney ; Comet, Bth, from New Zealand ;
Bella Marina, 11th, from London.

Departure from Hobart Town—Emma Eugenia, May
9, to Lombock.

NOTICE TO MARINERS.

ERECTION OF A BEACON ON BAINES ISLET,
NEW SOUTH WALES, AND SAILING DIREC-

TIONS FOR TORRES .STR A ITS.

" Admiralty, Sept. 30, 1844.
" Sir,—l am commanded by my Lords Commissioners
of the Admiralty to transmit to you herewith, for the
information of the Committee for managing the affairs
of Lloyd's, an extract of a letter from the Governor of
New South Wales, relative to the erection of a beacon
on Baines Islet, and also copy of a notice respecting the
passage through Torres Straits.-1 am, Sir, your most
obedient servant, " JOIIN BARROW.
" W. Dobson, .E,!5 , Lloyd's."

The communications referred to above can be seen
by those interested in the navigation of that part of the
world, on application at Lloyd's Subscriber's-room,
South Sea-house, Threadneedle-street.

LAW INTELLIGENCE.
JUDGES' CHAMBERS, Oct. 2.

(Before the Lord Chief Baron POI.LOCK.)
Yesterday morning William Nash, an omnibus
proprietor, whose omnibuses run between Bayswater
and the City, was brought up on habeas from the
New Westminster Bridewell, to which prison he had
been committed by Mr. Jardine, one of the magis-
trates of Bow-street, for the period of one calendar
month, on a charge of furious driving, opposite St.
Clement's Church, in the Strand, in the custody of
William M'Ken, one of the warders of the prison.
William Ramsden, a conductor of one of the Shep-
herd's-hush omnibuses, was also brought up before
the same Learned Judge on habeas, from the City
Compter, in order to be discharged, from a conviction
of Mr. Alderman Farebrother, charging him with
wilful misbehaviour in having deceived a passenger
relative to his destination.

Mr. Lewis, of Ely-place, attended on behalf of the
prisoners, and the magistrates' clerk of Bow-street,
and Mr. Martin, from the office of the City Solicitor,
appeared to support the convictions.
It appears that the magistrates of the different
police-offices throughout the metropolis have come to
a resolution, in consequence of the numerous cases of
complaints of furious driving, as well as misbehaviour
of omnibus drivers and conductors, in order to pro-
tect the public from danger, imposition, or incivility,
that in every instance where the offence is fully made
out to their satisfaction that they will commit the
parties complained against to prison, for the period of
one or two months, instead of inflicting a fine, which
the magistrates maintain is not an adequate punish-
ment, as the fines, however heavy, are invariably paid
out of a fund established for that purpose. The City
magistrates have also come to a similar resolution, and
during the last two days, the two prisoners having
been convicted, were accordingly committed for the
above term.

Mr. Lawns, on behalf of the prisoner Nash, now
argued at some length that the conviction was lost on
the face of it, and that the complaint should have
been made, in accordance with the terms of the Act
of Parliament, within seven days after the offence had
been committed. In this instance the cause of com-
plaint arose on the 20th ult., and that therefore, tak-
ing the following seven days, the complaint should
have been made before the 27th, instead of which it
had been made eight days after, and the magistrate
had no jurisdiction. Mr. Lewis cited a great number
of cases in:support of his argument, independent of
which he said he had two other objections to the con-
viction, which conviction he was inclined to think
that his Lordship would at once say was bad in law.
The commitment did not describe the description of
vehicle that he was furiously driving ; and the
complaint alleged to be on the oath of Mr. Bain-
bridge and others, and the commitment did not specify
that the oath was administered in the presence of the
magistrate, or by him, and therefore he contended
that the magistrate had not shown that he had any
jurisdiction. In the case of "Regina v. King," Mr.
Justice Patteson had clearly laid it down that the
jurisdiction must be distinctly shown, and in that
case, where the want of jurisdiction was apparent on
the face of it, the Learned Judge said that he could
not assume that the magistrate had jurisdiction, and
it was a defect which rendered the conviction bad in
law, and his Lordship consequently discharged the
prisoner.

The Lord Chief BARON intimated that it would be
the more convenient course to hear Mr. Lewis in
Ramsden's case before he gave his decision.
Mr. LEWIS informed his Lordship that some of the
points were the same, which he would not again
argue ; but he would principally rely, that the com-
plaint was made after eight days, and also that the
party alleged to have been deceived with respect to
the route of the omnibus was not the complaining
party, and consequently it was not an offence under
the 28th section of the Metropolitan Carriage Act.
His LORDSHIP overruled most of the objections, but
said that as there were one or two very important
points for consideration, he would not at present pro-
nounce on the legality of the conviction, but would
take a day or two to consider, and should, therefore,
adjourn the case till Saturday, when the prisoners
could again be brought up. The prisoners were then
removed in custody.

A few days since a pike was caught in the moat
of Leeds Castle, Kent, by the son of its:respected owner,
C. W. Martin, Esq., M.P., measuring three feet seven
inches and a half long, 20k inches round, and weighing
25 pounds.
A Board of Admiralty will leave town for Ports-
mouth, on the occasion of the visit of the King of the
French tc Olio country, to receive lga Idageaty..

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.
(YESTERDAY.)
MANSION-HOUSE.
Mr. Frederick Salmon, the superintending surgeon
to the Charter House-square Infirmary, appeared be-
fore Sir Peter Laurie, to answer the complaint of
Miss Rosetta Philadelphia Tapley, and (according
to the wording of the summons) to show cause why
he detained certain papers and other property, being the
property of William Tapley, M.D., of whom the com-
plainant is the daughter and legal personal repre-
sentative.
Mr. John Walmsley, of North-street, Westminster,
solicitor, stated that he appeared upon the part of the
complainant, and it became his duty to detail some
remarkable transactions in exhibiting the merits of
his client's case. Dr. Tapley, some time ago, went
down to Gravesend for the benefit of his health, and
until he repaired to that place he had exhibited no
aberration of intellect. Within the list few weeks,
however, he had not only been pronounced insane,
but been removed altogether, together with his
bonds, documents, and plate, from that place to
town by Mr. Salmon and Mr. Burford, the Doctor's
brother-in-law, as a person of disordered intellect, and
finally placed in Doctor Warburton's asylum upon the
strength of a certificate. Now, the object of the young
lady was to obtain possession of the papers, &c. &c.,
as next of kin to the Doctor.
Sir PETER LAURIE—I wish to state, before you
proceed further, that I granted this summons as the
subject matter is connected with a lunatic asylum,
and I knew that every case of alleged insanity ought
to undergo the most complete investigation. I feel the
more strongly on an occasion of the kind in conse-
quence of the recent exposure of the case of the son of
my old friend Campbell the poet, and I am convinced
that inquiry, as far as is practicable in cases of alleged
intellectual malady by every magistrate, is calculated
to effect great public good.
Mr. Salmon entirely agreed with Sir Peter Laurie
in the opinion as to the necessity for the most scru-
pulous investigation into all cases of insanity, but
could not refrain from expressing himself with the
utmost indignation at being summoned to answer
charges, the mere mention of which reflected a most
intolerable imputation upon his character. He trusted
that as the Alderman had granted a summons, the
whole of the circumstances would be most minutely
gone into. For his own part, he should waive all
technical objections and difficulties.
Sir P. LAURIE intimated that he should not swear
any witness, as, if it so happened that his interference
would prove ineffectual, the case must necessarily go
before a different sort of tribunal. He was led to
adopt such a course as the present, as he had often, by
seasonable interference, checked the fierce impulse of
an attorney's bill, for which those on both sides
thanked, and had good cause to thank him.
The summons having been read,
Sir P. LAURIE called upon Mr.Walmsley to produce
the authority upon which he appeared to act for
Miss Tapley.
Mr. Walmsley produced a letter, which he swore
was in the handwriting of Miss Tapley, and which
Mr. Goodman, the chief clerk, read, and stated it to
be a legal sanction.
Mr. Salmon wished the letter to be publicly read,
in order that everything connected with the charge,
absurd and contemptible as it was, might be as public
as the charge itself.
Mr. Walmsley said he would not, by any means,
allow the letter to be read.

Mr. Salmon—Here is Mr. Burford, the uncle of the
young lady. He wishes to say something in relation
to that letter.

Mr. Burford—l have seen my niece since she wrote
that letter, and she assured me that she exceedingly
regrets that such a course as this has been adopted.
Mr. Walmsley—l have reason to know that she
does not regret it ; and I have witnesses to prove that
Mr. Salmon has acknowledged that he was in posses.
sion of the property she seeks.
Mr. Salmon—Possession of property ! Produce
your witnesses.
Sir PETER LAURIE—I have before stated that I
shall not hear any witnesses upon oath. Mr. Salmon,
I collect from the statement made by Mr. Walmsley
that Miss Tapley accuses you, first, of having given a
certificate, by means of which her father is detained
in a lunatic asylum; and, secondly, of having in your
possession certain bonds, papers, plate, Sc.c., which she
claims as next of kin.

Mr. Salmon, whose appearance and demeanour
expressed the very highest point of indignation,
stated that the gross misrepresentations which had
been uttered were made against a person who had
acted from the purest and most humane motives, in a
painful extremity to which an old and valued friend
had been reduced. " I admit," said Mr. Salmon,
" that I went toseeDr. Tapley ; that I considered him
insane ; that I caused Doctor Sutherland and Doctor
Burroughs to examine him, and that, with the consent
and the certificate of these two eminent men, Mr.
Burford, his brother-in-law, and I caused him to be
placed in Dr. Warburton's asylum, where he now is,
but where we do not think he will be long, us he ap-
pears to be recovering from the melancholy condition
in which we saw him. I went to him at the
solicitation of Mr. Burford, who had reason
to apprehend that, if medical relief were not
afforded, the poor man would destroy himself
with prussic acid. Drs. Sutherland and Burroughs
were of opinion that it would be dangerous to leave
him to himself. It appears that he was afflicted with
the fancy that he was full from the bowels up to the
neck, and that his food must be stuffed down his
throat. Finding him in so deplorable a condition, I
resolved to do everything in my power to render ser-
vice. I made all the necessary arrangements, and I
put into the possession of Mr. Burford all the papers
and other property of which he seemed to be possessed
at Gravesend. I have done everything I could to al.
leviate the affliction of Dr. Tapley. I have written
everything about him to the members of his family,
and here I am foolishly and wickedly charged with
having committed acts of baseness."
Mr. Walmsley, in answer to Sir Peter Laurie, said
that no doubt Dr. Tapley might have been insane. He
did not dispute that, but had submitted that Miss
Tapley ought to be put in possession of the property
which had been taken when the Doctor had been con-
veyed from Gravesend.
After a considerable time occupied in the making
of statements which more strongly showed the neces-
sity of the course adopted towards Dr. Tapley as re-
garded the restraint put upon him,
Mr. Burford, who said that he had married Doctor
Tapley's sister, declared that he came to London from
a distance of upwards of 200 miles to do justice to
Mr. Salmon, whom an attempt was so foully made to
injure. Mr. Salmon had acted from the best motives,
had protected and served Dr. Tapley in every pos-
sible way, and had put into his (Mr. Burford's) pos-
session every paper and other property belonging to
the patient. All that had been taken away was in
his (Mr. Burford's) possession, and he held it for the
Doctor or his daughter, who was next of kin, be-
lieving that it would be much better under his care
than under the care of lawyers.
Sir P. LAURIE, after having heard all that is above
stated, and a great deal more, with much patience,
said that Mr. Salmon was certainly justified in acting
upon ,the certificate of Doctors Sutherland and
Boroughs, and that as for the papers and other pro-
perty which Mr. Salmon was alleged to have been
possessed of, it was evident that Mr. Burford had
taken possession of, and was responsible for, them.
Mr. Walmsley said it was satisfactory to know in
whose hands what was sought by Miss Tapley lay.
Mr. Salmon again reprobated the feeling which
could have dictated such an insult as had been offered
to him.

Sir PETER LAURIE, at the same time that he exone-
rated Mr. Salmon from the charge of any kind of
improriety, said he felt gratified with the public state-
ment of the case. He knew that it was the practice
of the owners of houses for insane people to keep their
guests as long as they could, in consequence of the
large profits arising from the business, and he hoped
soon to see the establishinent of a large institution, in
which there would be no temptation to detain patients
longer than was necessary.