The Sun.
London, England, 1850-11-20 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 2O, 1850.

duties will be what they have ever been, to promote the
morality of those committed to say charge, especially
the masses of our poor, and keep up those feelings of
good-will and friendly intercommunion between Catho-
lics awl their fellow-countrymen, which, I flatter my-
self, I have been the means of somewhat improvir g. I
am confident that time will soon show what a temporary
excitement may conceal, that social and public advan-
tages must result from taking the Catholics of England
out of that irregular and necessarily temporary sta e of
government in which they have been placed, and ex-
tending to them that ordinary and more definite form,
which is normal to their Church, and which has already
been so beneficially bestowed upon almost every colony
of the British Empire.
" 'I beg to apologise for intruding at such length
upon your Lordship's attention; but I have been en-
couraged to do so by the uniform kindness and courtesy
which I have always met with from every member of her
Majesty's Government with whom I have had occasion
to treat, and from your Lordship in particular, and by a
sincere desire that such friendly communication should
not be interrupted.
"' I have the honour to be, my Lord,
" 'Your Lordship's obedient servant,
(Signed) " N. Car). Wesemset.
" The Right Hon. the Lorel John Russell,
First Lord of the Treasury, &c., &e., Ste
"I give this letter, because it will show that there was
nothing in my mind to prepare me for that warm ex-
pression of feeling that was manifested in the Premier's
letter; which, though it appeared a day or two before
mine reached him. I mast consider as my only reply.
And I do not think that the tone of my letter will be
found to indicate the existence of any insolent or ineili-
ous design.
"It is my duty, therefore, now to show calmly and
dispassionately, and apart from any party feelings, the
reasons e hich led me and others to believe, that no rea-
sonable objection could exist to our obtaining the organi-
zation of our hierarchy in England.
" 1. It was notorious not only that in Ireland, the
Catholic hierarchy had been recognised and even royally
honoured, but that the same form of ecclesiastical go-
vernment had been gradually extended to the greater
part of our colonies. Australia was the first which ob-
tained this advantage, by the erection of the archiepisco-
pal see of Sydney, with suffragans at Maitland, Hobart
Town, Adelaide, Perth, Melbourne, and Port Victoria.
This was done openly, and was known publicly, and no
remonstrance was ever made. Those prelates in every
document take their titles, and they are acknowledged,
and salaried, as archbishop and bishops respectively, and
this not by one, but by successive Governments.
" Our North American possessions next received the
same boon. Kingston, Toronto, Bytown, Halifax, have
been erected into dioceses by the Holy See. Those titles
are acknowledged by the local Governments. In an Act
enacted by the Queen's excellent Mejesty, by and with
the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of
the province of Canada' (12 Vict., c. 136), the Right
Rev. J. E. Guignes is called Roman Catholic Bishop
of Bytown,' and is incorporated by the title of the
Roman Catholic Episcopal Corporation of Bytown.'*
" In an Act passed March 21, 1849 (12 Vict. c. 31),
the Right Rev. Dr. Walsh is styled Roman Catholic
Bishop of the Diocese of Halifax, Nova Scotia;' and
through the Act he is called 'the R. C. Bishop or the
said diocese.'t
" Lately again, after mature consideration, the Holy
See has formed a new ecclesiastical province in the
West Indies, by which several vicars-apostolic have been
appointed bishops in ordinary.
" But there has been a more remarkable instance of
the exercise of the Papal supremacy in the erection of
bishoprics nearer home. Galway was not an episcopal
see till a few years ago. It was governed by a warden,
elected periodically by what are called the Tribes of
Galway, that is, by families bearing certain names,
every member of whom had a vote. Serious inconveni-
ences resulted from this anomalous state of things, and
hence it was put an end to by the Holy See, which
changed the wardenship into a bishopric, and appointed
the Right Rev. Dr. Brown, since translated to Elphin,
first Bishop of that diocese. Bishop Brown was conse-
crated October 23, 1831. No remonstrance was made,
no outcry raised, at this exercise of Papal power.
" But to return to our colonies ; it had come to
pass that, with the exception of India, hardly a vicar-
epostolic was left in our foreign possessions. Far am
I from blaming the sound policy of successive Adminis-
trations, which had seen the practical inconveniences
of a half-toleration and semi-recognition, where
friendly official intercourse and co-operation were
necessary. But I may ask, is it anything unreason-
able, extravagant, still more, insolent and in-
sidious,' in the Catholics of England, to have sought and
obtained what insignificant dependencies had received?
Many of the bishops of the new dioceses bad scarcely a
dozen priests, and but scattered flocks, generally poor
emigrants. And could it be supposed that they intended
to remain for ever in a temporary or provisional state,
when they possessed not only stately churches, eight or
ten great and generally beautiful colleges, and many
extensive charitable institutions, but nearly 600 public
churches or chapels, and 800 clergy; and when they
reckoned in their body some of the must illustrious and
most distinguished men of the country? But, moreover,
the increase of bishops, from four to eight, was already
found to be insufficient, and it was become expedient to
increase it to twelve or thirteen. Now an episcopate of
thirteen vicars-apostolic, without of course a metropoli-
tan, would have been an anomaly, an irregularity, with-
out parallel, in the church. Was it thou something so
unnatural and monstrous in us to call for what our colo-
nies had received, or had we any reason to anticipate
that the act would have been characterised in the terms
vvieleli I do not love to repeat?
" 2. Bat further, cored tering the manner in which acts
of the royal supremacy hod been exercised abroad, and
taking it for granter] that it could not be greater when
exercised in foreign Catholic countries than the Pope's
in our regard, we could not suppose that his appointment
of Catholic bishops in ordinary in England would here
been considered as more inconsistent with the Qae en's
supremacy,' than that exercise was considered ' incon-
sistent with-the Pupe'ssuprernac)' acknowledged in those
countries. I will refer my readers to Mr. Bowyer's
pamphlet. published by Ridgway, for details of what I
will briefly state.

" In 1842 her Majesty was advice 1 to erect, and did
erect (5 Viet., cap. 6), a bishopric of Jerusalem, assigning
to it a diocese in which the three great patriarchates of
Antioch, Jerusalem, and Alexandria were mashed into
one see, having episcopal jurisdiction over Syria, Chal-
dea, Egypt, and Abyssinia, subject to further limitations
or alterations at the royal will. No one supposes that,
for instance, the King cf Abyssinia, in which there is not
a single Protestant congregation, was asked. Mr. Bow.

yer also shows that Bishop Alexander was not sent
merely to British subjects, but to others owing no alle-
giance to the Crown of England. Suppose his Majesty
of Abyssinia, or the Emir Beshir. had pronounced this
to be an intrusion ' inconsistent with the right of bishops
and clergy, and with the spiritual independence of the
nation,' how much would this country have eared?
" Under the same statute a Bishop of Gibraltar was
named. His see WAS in a British territory, but its ju-
risdiction extended over Malta—where there was a
Roman Catholic archbishop, formally recognised by our
Government as the Bishop of Malta—and over Italy.
" Under this commission Dr. Tomlinson officiated in
Rome, rind, I understand, had borne before him a cross,
the emblem of archiepiscopal jurisdiction, as if to ignore
in his very disocese the acknowledged Bishop of Rome.'
lie confirmed and preached there, without leave of the
lawful bishop; and yet the newspapers took no notice of
it, and the pulpits did not denounce him. But, in fact,
the statute under which these things were done is so
comprehensive, that it empowers the Archbishops of
Canterbury or York to consecrate not only British sub-
j,cis, hut subjects and cilia ns of any foreign state, to be
bishops in any foreign country. No consent of the re-
spective Governments is required; and they are sent not
only to British subjects, but to 'such other Protestant
congregations as may be desirous of placing themselves
under his or their authority.'
'• If, therefore, the royal supremacy of the English
Crown could thus lawfully exercise itself, where it never
has before exercised authority, and where it is not re-
cognizA, as in a Catholic country—if the Qaeen, as head
of the English Church, can send bishops into Abyssinia
and Italy, surely Catholics had good right to suppose
that, with the full toleration granted them, and the
permitted exercise of Papal supremacy in their behalf,
no less would be permitted to them without censure or
rebuke.

"3. But not only had Catholics every ground to feel
justified by what had been elsewhere done before, doing
the same when to themselves seemed expedient, without
their act, any more than preceding ones, being charac-
terised as we have seen, but positive declarations and
public assurances led them to the same conclusion.
"In 1841 or 1842, when, for the first time the Holy
See thought of erecting a hierarchy in North America,
I was commissioned to sound the feelings of Government
on the subject. I came up to London for the purpose,
and saw the Under-Secr?tary for the Colonies, of which
Lord Stanley was the Secretary. I shall not easily
forget the urbanity of my reception, or the interesting
conversation that took place, in which much was spoken
to me which has since come literally true. But, on the
subject of my mision, the answer "iven was somewhat
to this effect:—' What does it matter to us what you call
yourselves, whether Vicars-Apostolic, or Bishops, or
Muftis, or Imaums, so that you do not ask us to do any-
thing for you? We have no right to prevent you taking
any titles among yourselves' This, however, the
distinguished gentleman alluded to observed was his
private opinion, and he desired me to call in a few
days after. I did so, and he assured me that, having
laid the matter before the head of the department,
the answer was the same as be had before given me.
I wrote it to Rome„and it served, no doubt, as the
basis of the nomination of bishops in ordinary in North
America. I have no doubt the documents referring to
this transaction will b 3 found in tho Colonial-offic,.. In
the debate on the Catholic Relief Bill, July 9, 1845, Lord

John
:R2,s
lie,foreonnien,
was in opsri teipoanr,
espokegtoo
itnhteo foilmo vvr,.!
intg:
tee on those clauses of the Act of 1829. He did not say
that he was at once prepared to repeal all those clausys,
but he was willing to go into Committee to deliher,,te on
the subject. He believed that they might repel those
disallowing clauses which prevented a Rlmart
bishop assuming a title held by a bishop of the Estab-
lished Church. He could net conceive any go, id groun I
for the continuance of this restriction.' t It most be oh-
served that there is nothing in the context which limit,
these sensible and liberal words to Ireland. They apply
to the repeal of the whole clause, Which, as we have
seen, extends equally to both countries.
" Wnat his Lordship had said in 1845, be deliberately
and ever, inure strongly, confirmed the following year.
In the debate on the first reading of the Roman Catholic
Rdief Bill, February sth, 1846, he referred to his speech,

"* Rims+) Civil°lie Church (India, ltr. Ordered
by
the House of Commons :o be printed, Aug. 15, 1850
p. 10.
" t Ibid., p. 15.
" # Hansard, vol. Ixxaii. p, 290.

just quoted, of the preceding session, in the following
terms:—
`• Allusion having been made to him Coy Sir R.
legli-), he wished to say a few words as to his former
declaration, 'that he was not ready at once to repeal
these laws without consideration.' Last session he had
voted for the Committee, but had reserved to himself the
right of weighing the details. It, appeared to him that
there was one part of the question that had not been
sufficiently attended to: the ((leisure* of Government, as
far as it was stated last year, did not effect that relief to
the Roman Catholic from a law by which they were
punished, both for assuming episcopal titles in Ireland,
and for belonging to certain religious orders. That part
of the subject required interference by the Legislature.
As to preventing persons assuming particular titles,
nothing could be more absurd and puerile than to keep
up such a distinction. He had also the strongest ob-
jection to the law which made Jesuits in certain cases
subject to transportation; the enactment was intolerant
as it WAS inefficacious, and it was necessary that the
law should be put on an intelligible and rational foot-

"It would appear, therefore, that whatever hesitation
Lord John Russell hail about repealing other clauses in
the Emancipation Act, his mind was made up about the
restriction from Catholics assuming the very titles of
VW held by Anglican bishop,. Had he obtained his
wishes in 1846 the law would now have permitted us to
call ours-Ives Ilishops of London or Chester, and Arch-
bishop of Canterbury. I vote these pesseges, not for
the purpose of charging Lord John Russell with incon-
si=tency, but mere!), to justify ourselves, aid t) show
how little rear )n we could have had for believing that
our acting atricly within the law respecting episcopal
titles would have been described as it ha?. For it it
was peurile in 1846, to continue to prevent Catholics
even taking the prohibited titles, and no good reason
existed for the continuance of even that restriction, is it
manly in 1850 to denounce as insolent and insidious'
the assumptisn of titles different from those accorded to
us by the authority which Lord John acknowledges can
alone bestow episcopacy upon us.
"I have already alluded to Lord Minto's being shown
the brief for the hierarchy, printed, about two years
ago. The circumstance may have escaped his memory;
or he may not at the time have attended to it, having
more important matters in his mind, But as to the fact
that his attention was called to it, and he made no reply,
I can have no doubt.
" I trust, therefore, that I have said enough to prove
that Catholics have not acted in an unbecoming manner,
in claiming for themselves the same right of pwsessing
a hierarchy, as had been allowed to the colonies, and
clearly acknowledged, as no less applicable to them.
One more topic remains.
" SEC. VI.-THE TITLE OF WESTMINSTER.
" The selection of this title for the metropolitan see
of the new hierarchy has, I understand, given great
offence. lam sorry for it.t It was little less
than necessity which led to its adoption. I must
observe that, according to the discipline of the
Catholic Church, a bishop's title must be from a town
or city. Originally almost every village or small town
had its bishop, as appears from the history of the Afri-
can Church. But from a town or city a bishopric must
still be; a 'territorial' title is never given. Thus, in Van
Diemen's Land, while the Anglican bishop takes his
title of Tasmania from the territory, the Catholic derives
his of Hobart Town from the town. In re-establishing
a Catholic hierarchy in England, it was natural and de-
corous that its metropolitan should have his see at the
capital. This has been the rule at all times; though of
course those capitals may decay into provincial towns
without losing their privilege. The very term metropo-
litan signifies the bishop of the metropolis. This being
the principle or basis of every hierarchy, bow was it to
be acted on here? London was a title inhibited by law;
Southwark was to form a separate see. To have taken
the title of a subordinate portion of what forms the
great conglomerate of London. as Finsbury or Islington,
would have been to cast ridicule, and open the door for
jeers upon the new Episcopate. Besides, none of
these are towns or cities. Westminster naturally sug-
gested itself, as a city unoccupied by any Anglican see,
and giving an honourable and well-known metropolitan
title. It was consequently selected, and I can sincerely
say, that I bad no part whatever in the selection. But
I rejoice that it was chosen, not because it was the seat
of the courts of law, or of Parliament, or for any such
purpose, but because it brings the real point more clearly
and strikingly before our opponents; Have we in any-
thing acted contrary to law? And if not, why are we
to be blamed?'

" But I am glad also for another reason. The Chapter
of Westminster has been the first to protest against the
new archiepiscopal title, as though some practical attempt
at jurisdiction within the Abbey was intended. Then
let me give them assurance on that point, and let us
come to a fair division and a good understanding.
" The diocese, indeed, of Westminster, embraces a
large district, but Westminster proper consists of two
very different parts. One comprises the stately Abbey,
with its adjacent palaces and royal parks. To this pore
tion the duties and occupation of the Dean and Chapter
are mainly confined; and they shall range there undis-
turbed. To the venerable old church I may repair, as
I have been wont to do. But perhaps the Dea❑ and
Chapter are not aware that were I disposed to claim
more than the right to tread the Catholic pavement of
that noble building, and breathe its air of ancient conse•
oration, another might step in with a prior claim. For
successive generations there has existed ever, in the
Benedictine order, an Abbot of Westminster, the repre-
sentative, in religious dignity, of those who t rented, and
beautified, and governed that church and cloister. Have
they ever ty.sen disturbed by this titular?' Have they
heard cf any claim or protest on his part, touching their
temporalities? Then let them fear no greater aggre-
,ion now. Like him, I may visit, as I have sail, the old
Abbey. and sly my prayer by the shrine of good St.
Edward; and meditate on the olden times, when the
Church filled without a coronation, and multitudes hourly
worshipped without a service.

" 13,;Citi their temporal rights, or their quiet posses-
sion of any dignity and title, they will not suffer.
Whenever I go in, I will pay my entrance fee, like other
liege subjects, and resign myself msekly to the guidance
of the beadle, and listen, without rebuke, when he points
out to my admiration detestable monuments, or shows
me a hole in the wall fur a confessional.
" Yet this splendid monument, its treasures of art and
its fitting endowments, form not the part of Westmiester
which will concern me. For there is another part which
stands in frightful contrast, though in immediate con-
tact, with this magnificence. Ia ancient times, the ex-
istence of an abbey on any spot, with a large staff of
clergy and ample revenues, would have sufficed to create
around it a little paradise of comfort, cheerfulness, and
ease. This, however, is not now the case. Close under
the Abbey of Westminster there lie concealed labyrinths
of lanes and courts, and alleys and slums, nests of igno-
rance, vice, depravity, and crime, as well as of squalor,
wretchedness, and disease; whose atmosphere is typhus,
whose ventilation is cholera; in which swarms a huge
and almost countless population, in great measure, no-
minally at least, Catholic; haunts of filth, which no
sewage committee can reach—dark corners, which
no lighting-board can brighten. This is the part
of Westminster which alone I covet, and which
I shall be glad to claim and to visit, as a blessed pas-
ture in which sheep of Holy Church are to be tended,
in which a bishop's godly work has to be done, of con-
soling, converting, and preserving. And if, as I hum-
bly trust in God, it shall be ssen that tkis special culture,
arising from the establishment of our hierarchy, bears
fruits of order, peacefulness, decency, religion, and
virtue, it may be that the Holy See shall not be thought
to have acted unwisely whets it bound up the very soul
and salvation of a chief pastor with those of a city
where, the name indeed is glorious, but the purlieus in-
famous—in which the very grandeur of its public edifices
is as a shadow, to screen from the public eye sin and
misery the most appalling. If the wealth of the abbey
be stagnant and not diffasive, if it in nu way rescue the
neighbouring population from the depths in which it is
sunk, let there be no jealousy of any one who, by what-
ever name, is ready to make the latter his care, without
interfering with the former.
"I cannot conclude without one word, on the part
which the clergy of the Anglican Church have acted in
the late excitement. Catholics have been their principal
theological opponents, and we have carried on our
controversies with them temperately, and with
every personal consideration. We have had no re-
course to popular arts to debase them; we have never
attempted, even when the current of public feeling
has set against them, to turn it to advantage, by join-
ing in any outcry.: They are not our members who
yearly call for returns of sinecures, or episcopal in-
comes; they are not our people who form Anti-Church
and State Associations; it is not oar press which sends
f n•th caricatures of eccesiastical dignitaries, or throws
ridicule on clerical avocations. With us the cause of
truth and of faith has been held too sacred to be advo-
cated in any but honourable and religious modes. We
have avoided the tumult of public assemblies, and far-
thing appeals to the ignorance of the multitude. But
no sootier has an opportunity been given for awaken-
ing every lurking passion against us, than has been
easerly seized by the ministers of that establishment.
The pulpit and the platform, the church and the
town-hall, have been equally their field of labour ;
and speeches have been made, and untruths uttered,
and calumnies repeated, and flashing words of dis-
dain, and anger, and hate, and contempt, and of every
unpriestly, and unchristian, and unholy sentiment
have been spoken, that could be said against those
who almost alone have treated them with respect.
And little care was taken at what time, or in
what circumstances, these things were done. If the
spark had fallen upon the inflammable materials of a
gunpowder treason mob and made it explode, or, what
was worse, had ignited it, what cared they? If blood
had been inflamsd, and arms uplifted, and the torch in
their grasp, and flames had beet, enkindled, what heeded
they? If the persons of those whom consecration makes
holy, even necording to their own belief, had been seized,
like the Austrian genoral'r, and ill-treated, and perhaps
maimed or worse, what rocker] they? These very thine,:

Tne.lt,l:!;iuudOpinton3Bih, which the Livieratuebt
hal promistd.

‘. t liaa,ard, vol, Ixaxiii. p. 502.
‘• -it I havo beets told that great rdPmce has been taken
at the use of the word to govern,' found in my Pas-
coral, as though implying sorae temporal authority. I
find, how,ver, that in this apt cal I have again and again
used the word, he !tillSf, it is the usual, and almost only
word, applied amongst us to episcopal rule. It must be
remembered that the Pastoral was addressed, in the usual
form of such documents. ' to the clergy, secular and re-
gular, and to the fAithinl,' which showed it to be meant
fur Cathol.ics alone, who could understand the word. I
have bean in the habit of addressing several Pastorals a
year to the Cathoiics confined to ury charge, which have
always been read in our churches and chapels. But
this is, I believe, the first which the press has done me
the honour of transferring to its columns. It thus cadre
to be represented as addressed to all the inhabitants of
certain counties, a sort of edict or manifesto, instead of a
Pastoral, usually confined to Catholic hearing or perusal.'

were, one and all, pointed at es glorious signs, should
they take place, of high and noble Protestant feeling in
the land, as proofs of the prevalence of an unpersecuting,
a free inquiring, a tolerant gospel creed!
" Thanks to yen, brave, and generous, and noble-
hearted people of England! who would not be stirred
up by those whose duty it is to tecch you gentleness,
meekness, and forbearance, to support what they call a
religious cause, by irreligious means; and would not
hunt down, when bidden, your unoffending fellow-citi-
z,ms, to the hollow cry of ' No Popery,' and on the
pretence of a fabled aggression.
" Thanks to you, docile and obedient children of the
Catholic faith, many of you I know by nature fervid, but
by religion mildened, who have felt indeed—who could
help it ?—the indignities tnat have been cast upon your
religion, your pastors, and your highest chief, but have
borne them in the spirit of the great Head of your
Church, in silence and unretorting forbearance. But
whatever has been said in ignorance, or in malice,
against us, or against what is most dear to us, commend
with me to the forgiveness of a merciful God ; to the
retribution of His kindness, not to the award of His jus-
tice. May lie not r ender to others es they would have
d ,ne to us; but may El© shower down His kindness upon
them, in proportion as they would have dealt unkindly
in our regard. The storm is fast passing away; an hon-
est and upright people will soon see through the arts
that have been employed to deceive it, and the reaction
of generosity will soon set in. Inquiry is awakened, the
respective merits of Churches wilt be tried by fair tests
and not by worldly considerations; and Truth, for
which we contend, will calmly triumph. Let your
loyalty be unimpeachable, and your faithfulness to so-
cial duties shove reproach. Shut thus the mouths of
adversaries, and gain the higher good-will of your fel-
low-countrymen, who will defend in you, as for them-
selves, your constitutional rights, including full religious

MUSGROVE—MAroa.

THE FIRST COURT of Mayor and Aldermen
_IL held in the Inner Chamber of the Guildhall of the City of
London, on Tuesday, the 19th day of November, 1850, and in the 14th
year of the reign of Victoria, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland Queen, &c.
Resolved unanimously—That the best thanks of this Court be
given to the Right Honourable Thomas Farncomb, Alderman, late
Lord Mayor of this City, for his kindness, attention, and impar-
tiality when presiding over this Court, and in sustaining the high
office of chief magistrate ; for his generous support of the various
charitable institutions connected with this City ; and for his
splendid hospitality during a year when its exercise was not only
such as to conduce to the social enjoyment of his fellow•citizens,
but was made available for acknowledging the eminent services
rendered by our countrymen in India,' and for gathering together the
chief municipal authorities of the kingdom to meet his Royal
Highness Prince Albert on an occasion of high national interest.

MEREAVETHER.

THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI.
Under the direction of Maclaine Celeste.
THIS EVENING.

Will be performed a new and original Drama, entitled .TESSIE
GRAY. Characters by Messrs. Hughes, Boyce, 0. Smith, P. Bed-
ford, Madame Celeste, and Miss K. Fitzwilliam.
After which a new Farce called THE SCHOOL FOR TIGERS ;
or, The Shilling Hop. Captain Kiteflyer, Mr. Boyce ; Major Stiff,
Mr. Worrell; Mr. Panels, Mr. Wright; Alexander Panels, Miss
Chaplin.
To conclude wiih a Terpsichorian Burlesque called ESMERALDA.
Characters by Messsrs. 0. Smith, Wright, P. Bedford ; Madame
Celeste, Miss Woolgar, and Miss K. fitzwilliam.

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET.
Under the Management of Mr. C. Kean and Mr. Keeley.
THIS EVENING,

Will be performed an entirely new Play called TIIE TEMPLAR.
Characters by Messrs. Ryder, Fisher, Belton, Addison, Vining, Cath-
cart, Evere-t, C. Kean ; and Mrs. C. Keats.
After which BETSY BAKER; or, "Too Attentive by Half."
Characters by Messrs. J. Vining, Keeley, Mrs. Keeley, and Miss
Murray.

To conclude with TWICE KILLED.
Private Boxes, &c., to be had of all the Booksellers, and of Mr.
Massingham ; of whom also places may t,e taken at the Box-office,
Oxford-street, from Eleven till Four o'clock.

ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE.
THIS EVENING,

Will be performed a new Comedy,' entitled MY WIFE'
DAUGHTER, in which Messrs. 11. Farron, IV. Farren, Comptoi,
Norton, 'Mesdames Stirling, L. Murray, Louisa Howard, and Elle]
Turner will appear.
After which THE FARMER'S STIRY.
To ennelude with ALLOW ME TO APOLOGISE.

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE.
Under the Management of Maoame Vestris.
Sole Lessee, Mr. Charles Mathews.
THIS EVENING,
Will be performed SERVE HIM RIGII C.
To he followed by MY HEART'S IDOL ; or, A Desperate Remedy,
In which Messrs. C. Mathews, G. Vining, Bellingham ; Madame Yes-
Iris, Miss Kenworthy, and Miss I. Dickenson will appear.
To conclude with THE ROMANCE OF THE LOSE.

A_ST Y's ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.
Under the Patronage of her Majesty and his Royal Highness
Prince Albert.
Proprietor and Manager, Mr. W. Batty.
THIS EVENING, _ . .

The Entertainments will commence with a new and original
pectacle, entitled THE ENCHANTED PALFREY; or, The War•
rior of the Crescent.

De succeeded by an Inimitable Display of Batty's Feats o;
quitation in the Cirque Olympique, by the male and female Eques-
trians of the Establishment
To conclude with a favourite Farce.
Box-office open from Eleven till Four.
Stage Manager, Mr. T. Thompson.

TIIE WEATHER.—Stn OFFICE, NOVEMBER 20:
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
52—highest since noon yesterday.
42—lowest this morning and during the night.
48—this day, at noon.

BAROMETER, 28.78.
iITIND W.S.W. to W. smart breeze with rain, and dirty
weather. It blew a gale in the night.

DAILY WEATHER TABLE.

The State of the Wind and Weather at each of the following
places at Nine o'clock yesterday morning.—The stations
are arranged in order of latitude.
PLYMOUTH—Wind W., hard wind cloudy.
POOLE --Wind S.W., hard wind--:.partially cloudy.
PonTsmount—Wind W., bard wind —rain.
BRIGHTON—Wind S.W., strong breeze—partially cloudy.
HASTINGS—Wind S.W., strong breeze—scud.
•:touTtitmrrox— Wind W., strong breeze—partially cloudy.
FOLKESTONE—Wind S.W., strong breeze—rain.
TUNBRIDGE—Wind S.S.W., gentle breeze—cloudless.
BASINGSTOKE—Wind S.W., strong breeze—partially- cloudy.
BRISTOL—. Wind S.W., strong breeze—overcast.
READING—Wind S.W., strong breeze—overcast.
GREENWICH—Wind S.W., hard wind—partially cloudy.
SWINDON— Wind W., gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
OXFORD —Wind S.W., strong breeze—partially cloudy.
CAMBRIDGE—Wind S.W., strong breeze—partially cloudy.
YARMOUTH—Wind S.W., strong breeze—rain.
CONWAY—Wind W.S.W., storm—rain.
HOLYHEAD—Wind S.W., heavy gale—rain.
MANCHESTER—Wind S., strong breeze —principally clear.
WIIITBT—Wind S.S.W., strong breeze—partially cloudy.
DARLINGTON—Wind S.S.W., strong breeze—rain.
The returns from the following places indicate the state of
the wind and weather on Monday morning at nine
o'clock :
PooLE —Wind S., strong breeze—heavy rain.
CREWE— Calm—overcast.
LIVERPOOL—Wind S.E., gentle breeze—overcast.
MANCHESTER—Wind S.E., gentle breeze— overcast.
CAB.USLE —Wind S.W., gentle breeze—overcast.

The mean •.eading of the barometer at the Royal Ob-
servatory, Greenwich, was above 30 inches on Sunday,
Thursday, and Friday. The mean of the week was 30 inches.
The mean temperature of the week was 46.2°, which is
rather more than the average of the same week in seven
years. On Sunday, Monday, and 'Tuesday, it was from 6° to
8° above the averages of these days. On the next three
days the mean temperature was only about 39°, and was 49
and 5° below the average; but on Saturday it again rose to
489, which is 5° above it. The wind was for the most part
in the south-west; but in the middle of the week it blew
from the north.

4-1 T 17.6-7---c44 r
d" A
t.* _

and most adroitly gives the go-bye to the very
matter that is in dispute. Thus he says—
" While the State reserves for that Establishment,
e ithin the limits of which the royal supremacy is strictly
and fully exercised, all dignity, honour, pre-eminence,
and udowinent, it freely grants to ell who choose to
tve out of its d mlination, as their equivalent, perfect to-
leration, complete freedom to practise their religion,
whether new cr old, according to its principles, an) to
s perfect development, so long as the practice is within
the bounds of and trenches upon no other's rights."
And thereupon he, proceeds to argue that the new
territorial division of this island into bishoprics by
the Pors is perfectly justifiable ; thus assuming the
very matter in dispute, viz., that such division is
within the bounds of law and trenches on no other's
rights ; and so on throughout the whole of his mani-
festo the Cardinal takes for granted that which he
ought to prove and argues merely on assumptions.
The great question in dispute he has left absolutely
untouched, viz., the assumption of spiritual superiority
over all the inhabitants of these realms by
himself and his coadjutors ; he nowhere ventures
to deny that he claims absolute allegiance and obe-
dience to his commands of all baptized persons,
whether of the Rennet, Catholic faith or not, who
reside within his diocese ; that as being responsible
for their salvation, he claims a right to use force, when
necessary or expedient, to " compel them to come in."
This right has been claimed for him in express
terms by the Lamp, the organ of the Roman Catho-
lics in the north of England, and by the Tablet.
Does he distinctly repudiate it—Aye ! or No ! There
is no sign of any such repudiation in the manifesto.
A note on the word "govern," although a most artful
attempt at insinuating such repudiation, is so cautiously
worded as to be capable of any interpretation the
Cardinal may hereafter he pleased to put upon it. We
give it as a specimen of the Jesuitry of the whole
manifesto :

"I have also been told that great offence bas been
taken at the use of the word to ' govern,' found in my
Pastoral, as though implying some temporal authority. I
tine, however, that in thi, appeal I have again and again
used the word, because it is the usual, and almost only
word, applied amongst us to episcopal rule. It must be
remembered that the Pastoral was addressed, in the
usual form of such documents, to the clergy, secular
and regular, and to the faithful,' which showed it to
be meant for Catholics alone, who could understand the
word. I have been in the habit of addressing several
Pastorals a year to the Catholics confided to my charge.
which have always been read in our churches and
,hapels. But this is, I believe, the first which the press
has done me the honour of transferring to its columns.
It thus came to be repreSented as addressed to all the
inhabitants of certain counties, a sort of edict or maw-
ferto, instead of a Pastoral, usually confined to Catholic
hearing or perusa'."

It is clear that the object of this note is to induce
the unwary to believe that the Cardinal repudiates
the claim " to govern," at which great offence has
been taken, but does he repudiate the claim in reality ?
On the contrary, he re-affirms it; he says he has
used the word, because it is the only word applied
to episcopal rule. This is no repudiation of the
oMn,ive claim. Again, he says, " that the docu-
ment was meant for Catholics alone, who could under.
Aand the word." This, again, is no repudiation; on the
contrary, it is rather a confirmation of the truth of
the accusation, inasmuch as the Romanist writers in
the Lamp and Tablet, who, as Catholics, must, ac-
cording to Cardinal WIsEmAN, understand the word,
have attached to it precisely the meaning which the
Cardinal declares has given such great offence.
Could we forget the writings which have emanated
direct from Rome in relation 'to this matter ;
!mild we forget the preaching of Cardinal WISEMAN'S
)w n coadjutor, we might be inclined to place more
implicit reliance on the denial by Cardinal WISEMAN
tf any intention of aggression on the part of the
Romish Church. Thus, when the Cardinal, after de-
:ailing the negotiations with the POPE on the subject
,f the recent organization, says—

Such was the main and solid ground on which the
ierarchy was humbly solicited by Catholics from the
holy See. It was one that referred to their own internal
,r,,auization exclusively. Thoughts o aggression never
-ntered the heads of the petitioners or of the petitioned;
tor were the bishops moved by stupid ids as of rivalry
vith the Established Church;"

we should give credit to his assertion did it stand
done; but, unfortunately, we have the accredited organ
if the Roman Court, the Paris Univers, con-
tradicting Cardinal WISEMAN point blank, and
leclaring that " the Holy See has aimed a
sturdy blow at their (the Anglican) religious
establishments," and that, " since the promulgation
of the Papal brief the sees of Canterbury, of York,
Ind of London, have ceased to exist ;" and
uvo find Dr. DOYLE speculating on the time when
there shall b.; no Archbishop of Canterbury.
Under these circumstances, we ask to whom are we
to give credit—to C trdinalWnEmAN or to the avowed
organ of the Court of Rome, to Cardinal WISE-
MAN or to Dr. DOYLE ? or to neither ? Our
remarks have already extended to such a length that
we have barely time to refer to the address to the
QUEEN. We believe that the address faithfully ex-
presses the opinion of the great majority of the
-ducated Catholic laity of England towards the
QUEEN -- it would be unjust and ungracious
to utter a doubt on the subject ; but
when we find Cardinal WisEalAra, the writer of
the address, travelling out of the record and broadly
declaring that in the religion of the Catholics loyalty
is a sacred duty and obedience a Christian virtue,
we cannot refrain from expressing a desire to
hear what the King of SARDINIA has to say on that
subject.

The inhabitants of " the modern Tyre" are a
shrewd, intelligent, and clearheaded race. Devoted
chiefly, if not altogether, to commerce ; engaged in
transactions of enormous magnitude, they are able to
liscern the disadvantages to which they are exposed

ay the restrictions still affecting trade ; and still more
0, by the restrictions imposed on money under the

xisting monetary code. They are well aware that
when the representatives and measures of value are
wanting, the trade and commerce of the country can-
❑ot be in a sound and healthy state. They are a
Thinking and inquiring people, who, in the true spirit
it their Calling, will take nothing on trust, will not
he misled by high sounding expressions, or grandi-
loquent phrases. The " sesquipedalia verba" of the
bullionists have no charms for these practical men.
['hey take each transaction on its own merits, and de-
cide according to the plain and simple facts of the case,
If a project appears of a promising character, that it
will bear the test of the strictest examination in all

its details, if after a searching scrutiny there seems
every reason to anticipate an auspicious result, they
will not be deterred from embarking therein by the
fear of ridicule or the force of ancient prejudices.
Tney will not follow in the beaten track with a slavish
and unreasoning superstition, if a nearer, and in every
respect more eligible, pathway can be indicated, and
they can see their direction with sufficient accuracy
to be convinced that there are no insurmountable
impediments on the road. It is, therefore, by no
means surprising that they should have taken the
lead in demanding the fiscal and monetary reforms
so urgently required, and that they reject with dis-
dain the pompous platitudes which may serve as
bugbears to frighten children, but which cannot con-
vince the judgment or enforce the convictions of
thinking men.
Among other characteristics by which the men of
Liverpool are distinguished, are a just pride in their
native town, and a firm determination to develop to
the fullest extent all its natural capabilities. While
others are talking of the vast importance of an abun-
dant supply of pure and wholesome water, of the in-
jury inflicted upon the health and morals of a com-
munity by a deficiency of that great desideratum, and
pointing out how far we are behind the ancients in
this particular, the men of Liverpool are adopting
active measures to remove the reproach from their
town. Various plans have been brought forward
and fully and maturely considered, fur the pur-
pose of providing the town with water from
the Lilly district of Rivington, which, al-
though requiring a heavy outlay in the first in-
:lance, will be far more than compensated by the
incalculable advantages attending its completion. We
believe that what is locally known as "the Pike
Scheme" may now be considered as finally
decided on, and that all that is now want-
ing is the mode by which the funds neces-
sary for the efficient execution of this gigantic
undertaking are to be obtained. The "sinews of
war" are to be provided, but while the municipality
will not shrink from any necessary expenditure, they
are very properly desirous of proceeding in the most
economical manner, so as to entail the least possible
burden on their fellow-citizens. "The ways and
means" are therefore closely scrutinized.
Heretofore no great work of the kind could be car-

ried out without the moneyoeracy having a share—a
lion's share of the spoil. Where the parties requiring
funds were in good credit, and could offer amide and
❑nquestionable security, as the corporation of
Liverpool are enabled to do, loans would be effected,
debentures issued, bearing interest at four or five per
cent., and the debt so contracted would probably
remain a permanent charge upon the local
resources; or if, by extraordinary prudence, and
the judicious application of a sinking fund, the
liability should be removed, the claim liquidated in
some twenty or thirty years, the criginal outlay
would be far more than doubled, perhaps, we might
more truly say, quadrupled, by the payment of in-
terest. This is undoubtedly an evil of no ordinary
magnitude, and the question is whether it is really
inevitable ?—whether the corporatio❑ may not, by a
judicious use of their almost unbounded credit, dis-
pense altogether with this enormous item, and make
the waterworks pay their own expenses ? So that the
town would achieve a valuable propErty, without
being subjected to one shilling expenditure either
for principal or interest ? The very enunciation of
this startling interrogatory almost takes away our
breath. It is true that within the last few years we
have seen the old and tedious modes of locomotion
superseded by the establishment of an iron net-work
throughout the length and breadth of the land, and
the application of steam power as the means of
propulsion ; that messages can be communicated
and answers received from almost any distance within
a few minutes; nay, that a merchant may almost
hold a pen in his hand and affix his autograph to a
document hundreds, aye, thousands of miles away,
without the delay of a single second. The mere sug-
gestion of such things being possible would, half a
century since, have been treated as an extravagant
fable, qualifying the narrator for a place in the
nearest lunatic asylum. What would the man, whom
it took weeks to travel by the heavy waggon from
Liverpool to London, who made his will and arranged
his affairs before he entered upon the perilous journey,
think of the journey up and down being performed
with safety and economy in a single day, leaving his
own house in the morning and supping with his
family in the evening, and having had ample time to get
through his business in the interval ? What would
he say of receiving intelligence respecting an absent
friend, or transmitting an order and receiving back its
acceptance, completing his contract within a few
minutes, and that without leaving his counting-house ?
The wonders of the " Arabian Nights"—Prince Hus -
SEIM'S magic carpet and Prince Am's magic telescope
—are more than realized by the railway and the
electric telegraph, and now we have a simple ano
practical project brought forward by which the
miraculous achievements of the " Genii of the lamp"
may be rivalled by the simple application of credit,
and this, be' it remembered, is no crude expedient, no
untried experiment. It has already been tried with
extraordinary success in Guernsey, in Canada, and
in the United States. There are existing monuments
of its success. A single journey to the Channel
Islands, an inspection of the meat market at Guern-
sey, must convince the most sceptical of its feasibility,
and remove every objection to its adoption.
The gentleman by whom this proposition has been
brought forward—Mr. WILLIAM BAN cKs—has himself
witnessed the extraordinary and most auspicious re-
sults of " time currency" in Canada. He saw the
immense benefits conferred upon the population of
that young country by the adoption of the system ;
and he has, therefore, directed his attention to the
mode in which the plan can be made available in this
country ; and the " Pike scheme" affords a favourable
opportunity of bringing it into operation here. This
talented gentleman pertinently asks, if sufficient se
curity can be given for the loan required in the shape
of interest bearing bonds of 5001. or 1,0001. each, only
payable five years after date. Why not in one pound
notes, or even in notes of less amount, which
would pass current amongst the trademen of the
town, and be received in payment of all local
imposts ? He therefore proposes that the corporation
should issue notes of convenient amount (suppose 20s.
each), payable twelve months after date from the
period of issue, such notes to be paid to artizans and
labourers for wages, and to be received by the cor-
poration for all demands they may have upon the
public for rates, rents, dues, &c., thus making
the issue available to those who receive it for the pur-
chase of all they require from shopkeepers, who on
their part will take these notes for the payment of
their goods at exactly the «ame ratio as they would
gold. This is the main feature of the plan. Our
space this day will not allow us to enter into the
arguments by which it is sustained, but which, ie
our opinion, establish its practicability, if it does not
come within the restrictive provisions of our iniquitous
monetary code. This, however, we will assert, thst
it is eminently worthy of mature consideration, and
that if it can be carried out according to the inter.
tions of its propounder, it will speedily make Liver.
pool "a city of palaces, with well•ventilated streets

splendid public buildings and, docks," and this with
out its citizens feeling the burden of an interest.

___---
bearing bonded debt, or any drawback upon the local
income of the town, or the prosperity of its indus-
.

rious masses.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC

We have received the Paris journals of yesterday.
The Committee of the Assembly reported that
General LAHITTE had been duly elected fur
the Department of the North. The admis-
sion of the General, however, was opposed
by 111. AficuEL (de Bourges), on the ground that his
election hadi taken place in virtue of the Electoral
Law of 3.lst of May, which was contrary to the Con-
sitution ; he was replied to by M. BA,HocnE, anal on
a division the admission of General LAIIITTE was car-
ried by a majority of 460 to 173.

AliArs, the police agent who gave information to
M. YoN of the Bonapartist plot to assassinate M.
DUPIN and General CUANGARNIER, is in thejnospital
of the Hotel Dieu, confined to his bed ; he, still per-
sists in the truth of his story, and is protected by M.
DUPIN. There are two sets of police constantly
watching him and each other, the police of M. CAR-.
LIER and tha police of the Assembly.
M. NEFFIZER, the gerant of the Presse, has been
condemned to a year's imprisonment, and a fine of
2,000 francs, for publishing the celebrated " sham"
message of the PRESIDENT.

gUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE

LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, Nov. 19.
Boulogne and Amiens, 7% Dutch Rhenish, 234_
Namur and Liege, 7718—Northern of France, 14,A —Rouen
and Havre, 93/4.