The Sun.
London, England, 1844-10-04 00:00:00

THE Strikl,_ LONDON, FRIDAY MORNiNG, OCTOBER 4, 1844.

- • -
some very attractive form. It is only by the
agency of letters that you can effectually and
permanently operate upon the minds of such persons,
even to the point of bringing them to listen to their
religious teachers ; and, therefore, a knowledge of
reading 'and writing is a necessary for a great por-
tion of our people, if they are to be preserved
from a state of utter corruption fatally infectious
to the whole community. With such a danger
threatening neither the Church nor Church
men would withhold the remedy on slight consi-
derations. They would leave it to the sectarian oppo-
nents of Sir J. Graham's Bill of last year, to oppose
the saving blessing upon selfish grounds—trusting
to him who inspired the wisdom of Solomon, to give
back the children, whom the dishonest claimants
would willing permit to perish, to the real parent,
who proved parental love by even the most painful
sacrifice. This, we are confident, is the almost uni-
versal feeling of Churchmen—we know that it has
always been ours. Let all the people be educated by
the Church by all means, if they will accept educa-
tion from the Church; but in any case let all the
people be educated.

as in cantonments and camps, and that he leaves
behind him in India no thing or person worthy
his regret, save the military ! What a member of a
British cabinet, or of the Senate of a constitutional
country ! We exclaim loudly against Frenchmen,
even against Napoleon, for his changing France into
a barrack. We denounce the present admirals and
generals of France, who sacrifice the peace and inde-
pendence of nations to the hoisting of a flag, to the
shade of conquest, or to a bulletin recording a feat of
military success. But our Lord Ellenborough out-
Frenchifies any Frenchman that ever wore sabre.
And, indeed, when we hear of his feats, read his pro-
clamations, and listen to his account of what he loves
best and alone, we cannot believe that he is an
Englishman; for sentiments and conduct so un-
English, so at variance with English reserve, English
taste, and English dignity, are not to be met with in
biography or history. It will be noted with pleasure
that Sir H. Hardinge declined attending the military
dinner at which his predecessor made such an unseemly
display. Not the most unseemly part of that display
was the assurance given that Sir Henry Hardinge,
under the advice of the Duke of Wellington, would
" take a correct view of the real interests ohndia."
This 'correct view his Lordship explained to be to
continue the system of liberality, kind consideration,
and favour towards the troops in India. High ex-
pectations'are accordingly formed of what the mili-
tary intimate of the Duke of Wellington will do,
when his civilian protegi ,'did so much. New regi-
ment: are spoken of as likely to be raised, one captain
to be added to each of the actual regiments. These,
and the re-establishment of military flogging for the
sepoys, are announced as Sir Henry Hardinge's acts
of inauguration. Were such rumours as these to be
realised, then, indeed, Lord Ellenborough's threat,
conveyed through his old organ, the Englishman,
may not prove idle,, via., that Sir Henry Hardinge's
sword,though more polished than Lord Ellenborough's,
would still cut as keenly against the policy and the
interest of the Indian Directors and of the civilian
service. We shall, however, not pass judgment on
Sir Henry Hardinge from hearsay.
GLOBE.—It was not without curiosity we waited
to see how Lord Ellenborough would complete his
cycle of contradictions in word and action ; and it is
not without amusement we read the last exertion of
his lungs military. Those who remember Lord Ellen-
borough's speech at the London Tavern, before leav-
ing England, and the extraordinary warmth of the
expressions it contained of sympathy with the people
of India—those who remember (and who can forget?)
his first proclamations of policy when arrived at
his seat of empire—may sigh or smile, according to
their respective temperaments, at the thorough and
total contrast of this last flourish of drums and trum-
pets. According to ',Lord Ellenborough's prologue,
his whole soul was turned to the arts of peace, and
his whole energies were to be devoted to pacific im-
provements ; according to his epilogue, his whols soul
is devoted to camps and cantonments, and his whole
regret in leaving India, is that of being separated
from the army. A French Jacobin exclaimed " Mon
ame est sans-culotte I" Lord Ellenborough's soul is
Sepoy. The hundred millions have vanished from
the view of the Brummagem Napoleon ; and all
that is not military is, in his estimate, merely Pekin.
By the way, talking of Pekin, is is a new light to
the British public, that it has to thank Lord Ellen-
borough for the conduct of the Chinese war, and the
peace of Nankin. We are bold to say, this was un-
known before. It was unknown that the Chinese war
was not that of the British arms and councils, but of
the Ex-Governor-General of India. If this had
sooner transpired, it might have spared Britain a
monster ingratii:ide. It was erroneously imagined
that Lord Ellenborouh's achievements were Sinde
and Gwalior—the former fertile of additional bur-
thens, and provoked mutinies of his dear Sepoys—the
latter where crudeness of conception was betrayed
by abortiveness of result. These are Lord Ellenbo-
rough's trophies : let him not clutch at those won for
us by the commenced operations of the late Govern-
ment, and their successful close under the present.
If it be pleaded that the total revolution in the tone of
this eccentric ex-functionary, who swaggered in all
civil, and swaggers out, as we have seen, all military
—is fairly chargeable only on his improved insight
into the attributes of our power ; we can only say, that
a sense of imperfect initiation should have made him
more modest at first ; that a sense of former miscon-
ception should have rendered him now more cautious.
But, if he was wrong before, he has now mistaken for
right merely the reverse of that wrong. If he was
wrong in his ostentatious announcement that swords
were to be turned into pruning-hooks, he is not
less wrong in his equally ostentatious announcement
that our main stay is the sword. A wise man would
have blurted out neither the one nor the other un-
called-for sentiment. If he must needs make the bases
of our power matter of speech, which belong better to
action—if he must needs favour our attentive enemies
with his fleeting and personal impressions of what we
might, would, should, or should not have done—and
what we may, can, or shall do—he should, at least,
have sought to embrace his whole subject better. If
the ruler of India was to put forth review articles on
our Indian policy, he should have tried to write
them like those ascribed to Mr. Macaulay. If he
was resolved to furnish food for Eastern fancy to
chew the cud upon, about the prestige of
our power, and so forth—his Lordship should
have given himself the trouble to present a
less crude and more complete idea of that great
moral ascendancy.
,Ile began by believing that the
" prestige" of Ellenborough and his fortunes was to
bear everything before it ; he ends with the mere
physical-force charter of Sepoy swords. And he is
the Governor, under whom these very Sepoys have
been made naturally mutinous by demands of uncon-
tracted-for servicebeyond that very Indus whose boun-
dary he had himself designated as our ne plus ultra.
Yes, we can well believe Lord Ellenborough now sees
reason to hold other views of the posture of civi-
lised powtsr, girt by semi-barbarians. Notwithstand-
ing this exclusively martial flourish of his—which
flows naturally from the smart which he feels from
the civilian rod which has beaten him out of India—
we will hope to see him come back among us a sad-
der and wiser man. Like Napoleon, after taking
farewell of his Old Guard, he seeks refuge in Eng-
land. The Brummagem Napoleon, however, is a
shade safer company than the actual one.
STANDARD.—The Morning Chronicle of this
day, in a long article replying to the observations of
the Times and Morning Post upon Lord Wham-
cliffe's speech, asserts that " the Standard shrinks
from either publishing or praising the speech."
Our answer to the first part of this charge is, that
we published the speech at length on Saturday
last ; and to the second part we reply, that in
defending the principle clearly enounced in Lord
Wharncliffe's address, we imagine we did more
to serve the speaker's purpose than we
could have done by applying the' commonplaces
of eulogy to what was plainly intended as a simple
unadorned statement of the view of the noble speaker
and his colleagues. We published the speech, we re-
peat it, on Saturday. The Morning Chronicle did not
publish it until Tuesday ; nor the Times until yester-
day. To which of us can the charge of shrinking be
most properly applied ? We gave the speech as soon
as we got it, and defended it as soon as it was at-
tacked. What more could we do ? But why should
we shrink from repeating our avowal of acquiescence
in principles which we have avowed since
the very first establishment of this journal, and which
the writer of these lines has always maintained ? We
have ever held that it is the duty of the State to
provide the means of education for all who are not
able to provide these means for themselves. For
the Church we claim this right, in common with
all other denominations of Christians ; and claim
also that whatever provision may be made for
Dissenters shall not be made in a manner insulting,
or otherwise derogatory, to the just social
claims of the Church, or in a manner to in-
jure the interests of that pure religion of which she is
the guardian. Subject to these qualifications, which
surely are not unreasonable, the most ample provi-
sions that can be made for the education of the people
will be the best for the Church and for the country.
We remember that when Lord Brougham first com-
menced his noble task of promoting the education of
the poor, many good but mistaken men expressed alarm
at the danger that, as the proposition came from a dis-
tinguished leader in the latitudinarian Whig party,
its effect must correspond with its suspected purpose
in undermining the religious principles of the humbler
classes. Lord Brougham has otherwise honourably
vindicated himself from these unjust suspicions; and the
result of his labours has been gloriously opposite to
that which was feared from them. In proportion
as education has extended, the religious feeling of
the populatiOn has advanced ; and not only have
the mass become better Christians, they have
become more attached Churchmen. It is quite true
that in the rural districts the people have always pre-
served their religious feeling, without the aid of read-
ing and writing, so long as they adhered to the do-
mestic hearth, and were provided with the teaching
of a faithful parish minister ; and it was this happy
view of rustic life which startled many at the pros-
pect of a change. But, in the rural districts, re-
ligious knowledge was, like much other useful
knowledge, traditional—derived from the oral com-
munication of beloved parents, and a respected
ministry. They know little of history who suppose
reading and writing the only means of instruction.
The analogy of the general rustic life of England is,
wholly !misapplied to the state of social
many, of
has grown up in the last fifty years in
however,lfe that
gourorwmaunpufaicatutroinogpermitted to
andour been
great
in some of our unprovided and neglected country
parishes. Men exposed to the corruptions and dis-
tractions and the gaol fever of the soul, that is sure
to be generated where multitudes are crowded to-
gether without any moral preservative, must become
kill Inn rtrta 171111•11 dionravg4l nit; 1 matt. tiennworl to the

ant's bill of costs, which included the following items :
—" Stamp and oath, 3s. Bd. ; sale, Bs."
Mr. GREENWOOD—Why, the Act of Parliament
allows but 25. Gd. for the stamp.
Defendant—That may be so.
Mr. GREENWOOD—Then how do you make out
Ss. Bd. ? Defendant-2s. Gd. for the stamp, 2d. for
the paper, and Is. for the oath.
Mr. GREENWOOD—The Act makes no allowance
for paper ; however, it may be customary ; but hew
about the oath ? Defendant—A shilling for the con-
stable before whom the appraisers were sworn.
Mr. GREENWOOD—The charge is illegal. The
constable has no right to receive a farthing for such a
purpose. Defendant—Butl always make this charge.
Mr. GREENWOOD-4 dare say you do ; but that
does not make the charge the more legal. Let that
item be struck off.
Complainant—On the day of condemnation (five
days after the seizure was made, and before the sale) I
offered Mr. Pullen the amount of his bill, as well as
the appraised value of the goods, but he refused to
receive it, but took them home, and told me
to call with the amount on the following day, and I
should have my goods back. I did call on that day
with the amount, but he refused to receive it, telling
me the goods had been sold.
Mr. GREENWOOD—Was there a sale ? Complainant
—None whatever.
Defendant—But I assert there was; and the two
appraisers are in court ready to swear they were
there.
Mr. GREENWOOD—And who bought the goods ?
Defendant—The landlord, Mr. Gunston.
Mr. GREEN woon—The landlord. Was there any
body but the landlord and the two appraisers at this
" sale ?" Defendant—No; but that makes no dif-
ference.
Complainant—But the landlord was not there.
Mr. GREENWOOD—Is that a fact? Defendant—
He was not there, but he was only a few doors away.
Mr. GREENWOOD—Then how can you have the
effrontery to say he bought the goods? Defendant
—They were bought for him. Nothing is more cus-
tomary.
Mr. GREENwoon—There has been no sale, let that
item be struck off. What did the goods cost you ?
Complainant—They stood me in 251. a very short
time ago, but they were valued at only 81.
Mr. GREENWOOD said this case was a fair specimen
of the system of brokerage practised in Clerkenwell.
Nothing could be more iniquitous or illegal. No sale,
but the goods of a poor family were swept away and
disposed of in some underhand manner tor less than a
third, frequently less than a fourth, of their value,
whilst the full charges of brokerage were made, and
sometimes much more than those allowed by Act of
Parliament. He would fine the defendant in three
Ines the amount of the overcharge—ll. 7s. and the

costs.
The money was paid, and the overcharge refunded
to the complainant, who thanked the magistrate hear
tily, and left the court.
Amongst the numerous objects of human infirmity
and wretchedness daily brought before this Court, is one
half-witted looking creature named Henry Wright. He
has only one eye, and there is a vacancy of expression in
his countenance, which, though it betokens nothing of
insanity, seems to border on fatuity. This man was one
of the principal witnesses at the trial of the miscreant
Gould, for •the murder of Mr. Templeman. He was
then barman in a public-house. During the last few
years he has been repeatedly brought before this Court
for sleeping in omnibuses, out-houses, and shutter-
boxes. The Magistrate has, upon, these occasions,
usually sent him to the workhouse, but he remains there
no longer than a few hours, and resumes his farmer wan-
dering. He has been found lying in the snow during
the night, and if he were not as hardy asa Kamschatkan,
he must long since have perished.
Last night Police-constable Wright, 304 N, found him
sleeping in a slaughter-house, and conveyed him to the
station-house.
Inspectors Thatcher and Penny said they considered
the prisocer was not right in his mind ; the former
added that he seemed to be almost starving. this morning,
and that he gave him some food in the station-house.
The MAGISTRATN directed that hi should be subjected
to the examination of the parish surgeon, so that, if he
were of unsound mind, he might be provided for in a
proper manner.

BOW-STREET.
Ellen Smith, an Irish woman, was brought before Mr.
dal!, charged with creating a disturbance in Stanhope-
street, Clare-market.•
The officer who took the prisoner into custody stated
that he saw the prisoner in Stanhope-street the previous
night, screaming and crying out that she was a true
Catholic, and that she would never be a member of the
infernal Bible religion. She also expressed her reverence
for his Holiness the Pope in very energetic terms, de-
claring that he was the father of all the world. She
was quite sober.
In her defence the prisoner said that she had been
married a short time since, and her husband was a Pro-
testant, but she was a Catholic. Her husband wished
her to conform with his religion ; but this, said she, I
will never do—no I would sooner lay my head on the
block than leave the blessed religion.
Mr. HALL—But you must not make a noise in the
street.
Prisoner—l will always support my religion, and I
am ready to lay my head on the block to do so.
Mr. HALL—WeII, if you are brought here again for
making a noise I shall fine you. You may go now.
The prisoner then left the Court protesting that she
would never be an apostate.
MAR YLEBONE.
Wednesday, Mr. John Goodwin Bamby, residing at
No. 4, Seymour-place North, Euston-square, and
who described himself as an " author," was charged
before Mr. Rawlinson on a warrant, with having
indecently assaulted Hannah Snelgrove, a pretty-
looking girl, his servant.
The appearance of defendant was singular in the
extreme. His•hair was of extraordinary length, and
from his chin a iandpeoloUred beard shot forth,
which reached nearly as low as the top button of his
waistcoat. He wore a white hat, and a shirt collar
a-la Byron. His wife was present during the " deli-
cate investigation."
Complainant stated that she entered upon her situa-
tion on the 12th of September, and that on the fol-
lowing day defendant laid hold of her, and asked her
to go up stalls with him. She refused, and threat-
ened to tell her mistress. In about a week afterwards,
as she was coining down stairs, he took liberties with
hei, and in ~consequence of his behaviour she had
quitted the house.
Mr. RAwuNsoN--What is your master ? Com-
plainant—He is what they call a Socialist, sir.
Defendant, in a written statement which he read,
denied the truth of what had been alleged against
him, and dwelt strongly upon the fact of complainant
not having mentioned a
m single
riot
syllable to his wife
with regard to any iprop of conduct
y
his part.
Neither of the parties had any witness to produce,
and,
Mr. RAIYLINSON ordered the defendant to enter
into his own recognisance in 201. to appear at the
sessions, in the event of complainant thinking fit to
indict him.
John Dwyer, a middle-aged man, having the appear-
ance of a groom or coachman, was charged with having
obtained four pair of trousers, a coat, a silk waistcoat,
and two cravats, by false pretences, from the valet of
Captain Williams, of 36, Connaught square. The
prisoner had been employed to remove the furniture of
Captain Williams from Connaught-square to another
house, which he had lately taken. lie came to the valet
on Tuesday morning last, and told him that the Captain
had given him the clothes, which were in a drawer
in one of the rooms. The valet remarked that the
Captain bad given him no instructions to do so, hut
believing his story he ultimately gave him the articles in
question.
Capt. Williams said he was unwilling to prosecute the
prisoner for the sake of his wife and family. He had
given him a quantity, of clothing, and that was the way
he repaid his generosity.
The prisoner, who said he understood that the c
tillp captain
intended to give him the things, was remanded Sa-
turday, to give the police time to search for them.
LAMBETH-STREET.
Wedneday William Sefton,
a powerful seaman, was
brought before Mr. Henry,
upon hiwn confession,
The prisoner, it appeared,
of being a deserter from the 66th Res o
giment of Foot
twenty years ago.
had given himself up to
the sentry on duty in front of the Royal Mint, Tower-
hill, as a deserter, at an early hour on Tuesday
morning, and was locked up- When brought before
Mr. Henry, the prisoner, who appeared perfectly col-
lected in his manner,
acknowledged that what was
said was perfectly true; that he had enlisted in the
66th Regiment at Hull about twenty years ago, and
after remaining three weeks with the regiment, had
deserted. In reply to Mr. Henry's questions, he said
that immediately after his desertion he went to sea,
giwing himself up was that
and from that time up to the present, had been
serving in her gpjesty's and the merchant service.
lie also said his reason tor
he had acknowledged being a deserter to Cue; 0r,,?%v he
had last sailed with, and being] on unfriendly terms
or the other of them would give him into custody as
with many of them, he strongy suspected that one
aldeserter, and he therefore thought his best course
was to give himself up.
Mr. HENRY said he thought the case a very un-
usual one, but still he felt bound to detain the prisoner
and report him as a deserter. lie added that from
his age (forty years) and the nature of his occupa-
tion for twenty years, he thought him of little use to
the army, particularly as he iou3t have entirely for.
gotten the slight exercise he acquired in three weeks
drill.
The prisoner vim here about to be removed from
the Court, when the sergeant, in reply to the latter
remark of Mr. Henry, observed that while in military
custody, the prisoner talked a good deal about
marching and countermarching, and endeavoured as
well as he was able to keep the step with the soldiers.
This circumstance struck Mr. Henry as indicative
of mental aberration, and he in consequence again
questioned the prisoner very closely. His replies to
many_ of the questions were perfectly rational, but,
his difference with his late

PARLIAMENTARY PAPER.

NEW ZEAL AND.—(CoNenunEn.)
"The error in policy which your Committee have
pointed out as having in our opinion been fallen into
by the officers who have held the government of New
Zealand, in not asserting the right of the Crown to
all the unoccupied soil of these islands, is very
closely connected with another, to which we also feel
it necessary to advert. It appears to us that there
has been a want of vigour and decision in the general
tone of the proceedings adopted towards the natives;
measures have not been taken, as we think they
ought, for making the original inhabitants under-
stand that they are now to be considered as British
subjects, and must therefore abstain from all conduct
inconsistent with that character. The local authori-
ties may have been guided by a desire to treat the
natives of the soil with the most scrupulous justice,
and with the greatest consideration ; but we are not
the less persuaded that, not only in what has been
done with regard to the ownership of land, but also in
showing too much respect for native customs, they
have been led to pursue a line of policy which in its
consequences must be injurious to the true interests
of those, out of consideration to whom it has been
adopted: We agree in the opinion expressed by
of the witnesses we have examined (Mr. Earp), that
the rude inhabitants of New Zealand ought to be
s
treated in many respects like children, and that in
dealing with them, firmness is no less necessary than
kindness. In the first instance there was on the part
of the natives a disposition to defer with almost super-
stitious reverence to the authority of the Govern-
ment; and had this authority been firmly and judi-
ciously exercised to suppress intestine war, and all ,
savage and barbarous customs, and to enforce between
different tribes and between individuals the great
principles of justice and respect for property, no
serious resistance would probably ever have been at-
tempted. But from an over-sensitive fear of in-
fringing upon native rights, the authority which, had
it bean decidedly assumed, would, there is every
reason to believe, have been willingly submitted to,
has been lost, and the consequence hss been, that
murder and cannibalism have been allowed to be com-
mitted unpunished, and that very serious hostilities
have broken out between different tribes, while the
right of the British Government to interfere has been
repudiated by the more powerful party, and the want
of the promised protection loudly complained of by the
weakest. Your Committee are persuaded that an en-
lightened humanity and a regard for the real welfare
of the native tribes require that British power and
authority should be resolutely exerted to put a stop
to such a state of things, to maintain internal peace,
and to prevent native customs and usages from being
acted upon in a manner inconsistent with good order
and morality, and with the progress of civilisation.
We would beg to refst to the report of Captain Grey,
the Governor of South Australia, on the best means
of promoting the civilisation of the aboriginal inhabi-
tants of Australia, which was transmitted by Lord J.
Russell to Captain Hobson, for his guidance, as con-
taining an able exposition of the policy which ought to ,
be pursued upon this important and difficult subject. '
" It is necessary to observe that the policy we
recommend requires for its safe adoption, in the pre-
sent state of affairs that the Governor of New Zea-
land should have at his disposal more power than he
now possesses of enforcing obedience to his authority.
We see no reason to apprehend a successful attempt
by the natives to overturn by force the power of the
Government; we concur with Major Bunbury, in
thinking that 'the jealousy and rivalry of different
tribes amongst themselves would prevent their acting
with any effect against the European population,' and
we have no doubt that civilisation and intelligence, in
the event of a struae, would maintain their ac-
customed superiority ; still we consider that it is of
the utmost importance, in order to avert the Calami-
ties which must ensue from even an attempt at resist-
ance to the authority of the Governor, that he should
be armed with so obviously superior a power as to
prevent any such attempt from being made. Addi-
tional means of enforcing obedience to lawful autho-
rity are required, not merely against the natives, but
against the lower clasi of emigrants, an account of
whose insubordinate proceedings at Nelson, which
from the want of force could not be properly put
down,- will be found in the Appendix.
" Adverting to the scattered situation of the settle-
nietais whip!: have been formed, and to the importance
of their all being not only promptly protected when-
ever an emergency may arise, but also frequently
visited by the Governor in person, we conceive that
by far the most useful addition which could be made
• to the force at his disposal would be that which would
' be afforded by placing an armed steamer of moderate
size under his orders. In addition to this, we think
that a militia composed of the settlers should be
organised, from which we v. ou'd by no means ex-
elude such of the natives as should so far have
adopted the habits of civilised life as to be fit to bear
arms in the same ranks with Europeans • we need
also hardly observe that such a three should always
be kept under the complete control of the Governor,
and that he should always have such a proportion of
regular troops under his. command as not to be en-
tirely dependent upon the militia for support. We
are further disposed to believe that advantage might
result from endeavouring to create a permanent
native force under European officers, but in which
their own chiefs might also, perhaps, hold; commands ;
suet a force would probably afford, not only a cheap
addition to the military power of the Governor, but

........: ba;nd nrp-ssed about

shipmates, he said he was in dread of their waylaying also a valuable instrument for gradually training- The
him, in company with persons they had employed for i natives to habits of order and subordination.
the purpose, and giving him a desperate thrashing. " Your Committee cannot offer these recomme
Mr. HENRY, satisfied from this that his mind was tions, tending to what may be thought a more severe
wandering, directed that he might be taken to the ; enforcement of authority over the natives, ritheut,
station-house for the night, and that the person at at the same time, expressing their strong sense of the
whose house he lodged, as well as anybody else know- ' duty incumbent upon the Government of adopting
ing anything about him, should be in attendance on the most effective measures for their welfare and im-
the following day. Iprovement. With this view, we conceive tTeat every
Wednesday Mrs. Conne, the prisoner's landlady, effort should be made to amalgamate the 'two races ;
attended, and said she had known the prisoner for more particularly, the utmost attention should be paid
many years, and that he had been in the habit while I to the education and training of the rising generation
in London of lodging at her house. lie had always of the aborigines; and whenever their improvement
been an exceedingly well conducted and sober man, lin intelligence will admit of it, the natives should be
and she had never observed any peculiarity in his placed in every respect on a footing of perfect
manner until Saturday night last. On that night he equality with their white fellow-subjects, and ai soon
had very much alarmed herself, husband, and family, as possible, they should be employed in the civil
by his extraordinary conduct, and they were corn- service of the Government in any situations in which
pelled to sit up with him all night. He kept scream- I they can make themselves useful. We also attach
ing out that a steam-frigate was coming over the much importance to the adoption of a good system of
houses for him, that in every moment he expected making reserves of land for their benefit. These re-
the Horse Guards, and was in the act of throwing serves ought, in our opinion, to be of moderate size,
himself out of the window, when her husband I and interspersed with the lands destined for the occu-
caught him. pation of settlers ; the natives should be encouraged,
Mr. HENRY, on hearing this, felt quite satisfied as themselves, to occupy and to cultivate the land thus
to the state of the poor man's mind, and ordered his reserved for their benefit, and only those parts of it
immediate removal to the parish workhouse, prepara- for which they might have no immediate occasion
tory to his being sent to a place of proper security. should be allowed to be let on lease to Europeans, the
GREENWICH. leases being restricted to a moderate term of years,
Wednesday Ann Smith alias Watson alias Mary Ann and the rents so obtained being considered as ap-
Stow, a dress-maker (of very respectable connec- plicable only for their advantage. By this arrange-
tions), carrying on business in Brand-street, Green- meat the natives established upon such reserves being
wich, was brought up for final examination, charged scattered, a few together, amongst the European
with stealing goods from the shops of numerous linen population, would be more likely than under any
drapers, silk-mercers, and other tradesmen in Green- other plan which has been suggested, gradually to
wich and Deptford, under the following circum- adopt the customs and way of life of their civilised
stances : neighbours ; whereas, if the land reserved for them
Charles Harris' haberdasher and linen-draper, were in large blocks, and they were collected together
Brunswick-place, Greenwich, identified two pieces of in considerable numbers, the probability is, that they
cotton print, consisting respectively of 14 yards and would cling far more pertinaciously to the habits of
171 yards, recently missed from his stock. These savage life, and if so, this interesting people would
articles had heen traced by the police to the shop of too surely melt away before the advancing tide of
Mr. Delany, a pawnbroker, in Church-street, Green- European settlement.
wich. Witness had no recollection of the prisoner "It is an evil of which the experience of other
coming to his shop. colonies affords frequent examples, that the progress
Daniel Riordan, shopman to Mr. Delany, said that of settlement is impeded by land coming into the
he took the articles produced in pledge from the pri- possession of persons who endeavour to derive a
soner. She had often brought piece goods to pawn, profit, not from its improvement, but by suffering it
I and gave the name of Smith, George-street. On the to lie waste until it acquires value from the labour
last occasion she gave the name of Watson. and capital expended in the surrounding district ; it,
William Hardman, linen and woolen-draper, therefore, appears to us, that means should be taken
Blisset-street, Greenwich, deposed that he had - lost to guard against this abuse in New Zealand. This
goods out of his stock. Knew prisoner, who was in will, we trust, be to a great extent effected by the
the habit of purchasing goods at his shop. This regulations which will prevent property in land from
witness identified
_a piece of unbleached calico, mea- being acquired otherwise than by purchase; but, as
suring 60 yards when in his stock, which had been a further security, we would recommend that some
pledged by the prisoner for five shillings. part of the colonial revenue should be raised by
Mr. D. Riordan, shopman to Mr. Delany, de- means of a tax upon land. On the North American
posed that he advanced money upon it on the 23d of continent, when a tax has been imposed upon land
September. The prisoner had since denied having with the view of checking its being held by persons
pawned it, or any knowledge whatever of the article. not really intending to make use of it, we believe the
Emily White, of No. 19, Blissett-street, wife of a tax has generally been laid upon wild land only.
carpenter, deposed that she saw the prisoner pass from Looking, however, to the difficulty of accurately de-
Mr. Hardman's, with a large roll of linen under her termining the degree of improvement which should
arm on the 21st ult. Witness lives opposite to Hard- exempt land from a tax applying only to that which
man's, and knew the prisoner for some time past, is designated as wild, and to the facility thus afforded
though not acquainted with her. She was surprised for evading the burden, it appears to us more ad-
at the moment at seeing her carry so large a parcel. visable that such a tax should be imposed on all
John Low, of the firm of Thomas Wilkinson, Ker- land, whether wild or otherwise. If the tax were
shaw, and Low, linen-drapers and silk-mercers, Lon- low (we think it ought not to exceed 2d. an acre) it
don-street, Greenwich, identified two pieces of Irish would be unfelt as a practical burden on land really
linen, 14 yards of gros de Naples, two mouselaine de turned to profitable account, while even this small
laine dresses, and two pieces of cashmere for dresses, payment recurring annually, would powerfully tend
comprising 22 yards. to discourage the retention of land by parties deriving
Mr. John Dawson, pawnbroker, Skelton-lane, no immediate advantage from it.
Greenwich, proved lending 15s. upon one of the pieces a" Such a tax ought not of course to apply to land
of Irish linen, on the 23d of September. The pri- now occupied by the natives, or to that held as re-
soner gave her name Watson, George-street, Green- serves for their benefit. The land granted to the
wich. He had also advanced money on a piece of New Zealand Company ought also to be regarded in
cotton on the 30th of August, on a piece of cashmere a different light from that held by private individuals;
Gs., on another piece of Irish linen 125., and a roll of they have obtained that land in the character of
silk 17s. agents for the public in carrying on the work of
Other cases having been adduced, colonisation ; so long, therefore, as they adequately
Sergeant Lovell said he had a vast number of du- discharge the duties belonging to that character, they
plicates in his possession still, which he had found ought not to be subjected to the tax in respect of land
about the prisoner's apartments, which she had hid they hold for this purpose ; at the same time, care
away. They consisted of books, scarfs, tea-kettles, should be taken that no privilege capable of being
fire-irons, brushes, flat irons, bedding, &c., nearly all abused should be given to them. We would, there-
new, and which he had very little doubt were also fore, suggest, that the lands remaining unsold in the
stolen property. hands of the Company, should be free from the tax, so
Mr. JEREMY asked the prisoner what she had to long as the extent of land so held should not exceed
say to the charge ? that which would remain to them supposing that
The prisoner declined to say anything. from the commencement of their operations they had
The witnesses were then bound over to prosecute, one year with another sold 1-25th part of the land
and the prisoner was fully committed for trial. assigned to them by the Crown. Should their sales
upon the whole fall short of this, they might fairly
he required to pay the tax upon the difference. It
might also be proper to insist, as a condition for
their enjoying the proposed exemption, that a fixed
proportion of the proceeds of their land sales should
be applied to the promotion of emigration.
" Your Committee have now stated very fully their
views upon those parts of the subject referred to them
which have the most important bearing upon the
practical measures which ought now to be adopted,
and having in their resolutions adverted to some of
those measures which do not seem to require any
particular explanation, had originally intended to
have offered some remarks upon the complaints which
the servants of the Crown in the colony, upon the
one side, and those employed by the New Zealand
Company on the other, have mutually made against
each other; but upon further deliberation, it has ap-
peared to us that the unhappy differences which have
prevailed are most likely to be allayed by our for-
bearing to pronounce an opinion which must of ne-
cessity involve an expression of blame on sonic, if not
all, of those who have taken part in these proceed-
ings ; we therefore have thought it most expedient to
abstain altogether from entering further into this
' part of the subject; even as to the unhappy affair at
Wairau, by which so many valuable lives were lost,
we will add nothing to the resolution which we have
unanimously adopted, and we will only express our
earnest hope that all classes of settlers, and more
especially those persons to whom important duties in
the newly-established colony have been entrusted,
either by her Majesty's Government or by the Com-
pany, will feel that the interest and welfare of all re-
quires that harmony should be re-established, and
that this can only be accomplished by mutual for-
bearance and moderation."

AGRICULTURAL REPORT FOR
SEPTEMBER.
(From the Farmer's Magazine.)
It is certainly a most pleasing task for us to have
to report, this month, most favourably of the weather
for harvest work. Notwithstanding some few showers
have fallen in most parts of England, the atmosphere
has proved, taken as a whole, as fine as could have
been desired. This fortunate circumstance has, as
our readers must be aware, produced benefits of no
ordinary nature to the British husbandman, whose
time, during the month, has been actively occupied in
the field. Such was the rapidity with which cutting
and carrying were carried on in its early part, that a
general conclusion of those' highly important opera-
tions, so far as regards wheat, barley, and oats, was
arrived at by or very shortly after the 15th, while by
the 20th the beans and peas had been all secured. In
those districts north of the Humber, though a few
patches of oats and beans are still out, the crops may
now be considered as safely stacked.
A difference of opinion, as is almost invariably the
case at this season, appears to have sprung up as to
the quality of the present year's produce ; but this, in
our opinion, is a question speedily set at rest. It is quite
evident that, at the commencement of cutting, a time
marked with considerable humidity in the southern
counties, large quantities of wheat and barley were
carried too hurriedly ; hence reached the stack-yard in
a condition alike unsatisfactory to the growers as well
as to the dealers. This, however, was an exception to
the general rule ; for general we may consider it when
the resplendent weather w.hich followed is taken into
consideration. As might be expected, the farmer's
care is that of wisely disposing, at the earliest possible
period, of his damp wheats, apprehensive as he may
be of their not improving in stack ; hence the primary
cause of so many out-of-condition parcels having been
brought forward in the different markets. Taking,
therefore, this year's produce of the grain crops from
one end of the country to the other, we maintain, and
we think, upon the very best authority, that it has
never been exceeded, though it might have been
equalled in quality, in any previous year. Thus much
as relates to quality, and we shall now briefly revert
to produce.
It is admitted on all hands, though, of course, partial
deficiencies are to be met with, that the yield of wheat
this year for England is a very large one—consider..
ably above an average of years. At to barley, there
is certainly a deficiency in it, and, to supply the fall-
ing off, a steady importation of foreign will, we think,
be required. Oats, again, are not to say abundant, yet
the produce is very nearly an average one. A slight
falling off is also observed in beans and peas. In con-
sequence of the want of moisture in the early part of
the season, the straw of all descriptions of-grain is
unusually short. That circumstance has continued to
operate mpst weindielally to the interests of the
graing community, whose supplies of pasture herbage
have been smaller than have been known for a series
of years past ; consequently very great exertions are
now being made, by sowing winter tares and vetches
to provide food for the stock.
For the time of year—arising chiefly from the
comparative sluggishness in the demand for wheat
here, and the low price at which that article has been
disposed of—the imports of foreign wheat have not
proved large, though they have quite equalled our
necessities. Of Canadian flour, however, from the
premium offered for its importation by the new Flour
Bill, the receipts have been large beyond all precedent,
quid no doubt will continue so while the present legis-
lative enactment continues in force. Our advices
from Quebec and Montreal inform us that not less
than 370,000 barrels of flour have been exported this
season against about 180,000 at the same time last

A new species of diser.se has now appeared amongst