The Sun.
London, England, 1867-09-17 00:00:00

At the same time that he urges conciliation and
harmony between the races he says :
"1 deprecate universal suffrage, not only on general
principles, but especially in tho case before us, because I
deny the right of Congress to prescribe the rules of
citizenship in the States. The Supremo Court has decided
that a negro is not a citizen of the United States, and
Congress cannot reverse that decision by an Act. The
States, however, are competent to confer citizenship on
the negro, and I think it is the part of wisdom that such
action should be taken by the Southern States. We have
recognised the freedom of the blacks, and have placed this
fact beyond all probability of doubt, denial, or recall. Let
us recognise in the same frank manner, and as fully, their
political rights also. For myself, I confess that lam per-
fectly willing to see a constitution adopted by our State,
conferring the elective franchise on the negro, on precisely
the same terms as it is to be exercised by the white man,
guarding against the abuse of this privilege by establish-
ing a slight educational and property qualification for all
classes."

The Protectionist League established in New
York, as a counterpoise to the Free-Trade League,
proposed to publish jointly a paper containing
arguments and replies. Both sides were freely to
ventilate their opinions in the same journal, the
readers seeing the doctrines advanced and the ref u-
tation side by side. We regret that the latter League
declined the proposal, as such a paper, so original in
conception, would have been a curiosity in practice.
We have some knowledge here of the heat to which
Protection versus Free Trade leads when the con-
troversy is likely to end in practical legislation, for
the subject involves material interests of great scope.
The editor would have had a delightful task when
the quarrel' began to wax fierce, and communications
to be showered in. Who would have undertaken
to hold the balance, to stand the central figure
between the ferocious combatants fiercely hitting
at each other in their blind prejudice?
By the cable we learn that the Democratic party
have carried the elections in California, and the
Republican party those in Maine, but by a decreased
majority.

The controversy which took place in May between
the Cunard and Inman companies on Rapid Steam-
ing, has been followed during the last month by
some extraordinarypassages of vessels of the Cunard
line. The mails were brought last week by the
steamship Java, Capt. Moodie, which left Halifax
on the 30th of August, at HO p.m. For the first
four days the wind was scant, and the ship received
no material assistance from her canvas. The weather
was fine and the water smooth. After this a fresh
W.S.W. gale helped her along, and the result was
an average speed to the entrance of Queenstown of
14 knots. If this is not the greatest speed ever
attained by any ocean steamer, it is, nevertheless, a
most wonderful run across the Atlantic, and accom-
plished without the slightest discomfort to the pas-
sengers, the ship carrying topgallant sails during the
whole of the time she was. under canvas, and never
rolling sufficiently to cause any inconvenience even
to the passengers. This ship ran a distance of
2,184 knots—viz., from the wharf at Halifax to the
Fastnet light—in 156 hours 18 minutes. This week
the Scotia has outdone herself, having brought the
mails of the 4th September from New York in eight
days seven hours. We presume these figures are
round numbers, but if the time there given be exact
the last passage of the Scotia is the fastest on
record. That vessel once made the run home in
eight days seven hours and ten minutes, and out, in
eight days four hours and 34 minutes.
The Nation may well say that the accounts of
the Indian war continue to be conflicting, incom-
prehensible, and unsatisfactory. Major Womb-
well, on the 2d of May, is reported, it says, to
have fought 3,000 Indians for three hours with 29
men, and killed 2,000 Indians, with the loss of six
men to himself, thus giving to each man an
Indian slain every two minutes and a half. Santanta,
the most formidable chief of the Cheyennes, has, ac-
cording to another account, defeated a considerable
party of Federal soldiers. The fight took place at a
point on the Republican river, and lasted three days.
Three Federal soldiers were killed, 25 wounded ; the
Federal dead being left upon the field. The Indians
captured 30 horses. From St. Louis the news is to
Aug. 30. The Montana Rangers, under General
Beem, expected to move against the Indians in a
short time. Five hundred dollars have been paid
for three Indian scalps. No tidings of the expedition
which left Fort Hays, Kansas, a short time since,
have yet been received. The Postmaster, at Pres-
cott, Arizona, in a letter dated July 21, says:—
" There are probably ten Indian massacres to
to every one reported. The military force here is
not half equal to the demands, and unless some
suitable commander is appointed and can compre-
hend the true condition of the country, it is feared
many years will elapse before we will be relieved of
Indian troubles and personal danger. The country
is, however, constantly increasing in white popula-
tion "

Mr. Dunbar, not content with his two issues of
the Globe attributing to the Treasury most outra-
geous frauds, has come out in a third number,
making further exposures and reiterating former
charges. But Mr. Dunbar's little game has been
played out. The newspapers of New York took
no notice of his allegations, and they scarcely at-
tracted the most passin,i, attention, from any one in
that city.

After Garibaldi's arrival on Sunday evening at
Geneva the Peace Congress was opened on the fol-
lowing day. The great Italian patriot who had
spent his life in arms appeared in the singularly in-
appropriate head dress worn by Quakers, the booted
and spurred man-of-war crowned with the emblem
of peace. The Congress has not been a success, Jules
Favre and Louis Blanc failing to appear, and Mon-
sieur Fazy resigning his post. Monsieur Simon
invited France and Germany to come to a good
understanding on the question of obtaining internal
liberty, with what success may be readily autici.,

covered to exiit, and a negro insurrection in some
sections of the South was considered so probable
that families were moving to St. Louis for protec-
tion. Nor are such reports without events proving
them not wholly untrue, for a desperate fight be-
tween the whites and blacks occurred on Thursday,
the 29th ult., at Washington, Tennessee, when the
negroes were aided by white loyal leaguers. On the
same day, at Richmond, the police were assailed
by some negroes, and the troops ordered to be
in readiness to suppress an outbreak The regis-
tration returns give as yet the following results :
In Mississippi the negroes have 12,000 majo-
rity ; iir Louisiana, over 38,000 majority ; in
Alabama over 17,000 majority ; in the city of
Charleston, South Carolina, they have 2,000 majo-
rity, while the total registry for South Carolina
gives them 13,000 majority. Virginia is the only
State that shows a white ascendancy, and this has
a white majority of about 18,000, which is owing to
the mild policy of General Schofield having induced
the Southern whites of Virginia to take part in re-
construction.
General Wade Hampton published a letter in a
Georgia paper on the 28th of August, having been
solicited by prominent citizens to express his views
as to the duty of the people of South Carolina in
reference to its reorganisation under the military
bills. He argues in a long letter, against the injus-
tice and illegality of the proposed measures, dis-
tinctly stating that the people prefer to be governed
by military rule rather than be reconstructed in the
way at present in vogue. He denies the right of
Congress to interfere with the suffrage of the State ;
at the same time he counsels justice to the negroes
and a withdrawal of obstruction to impartial suf-
frage. His words are :
"It is scarcely necessary for me to say that, entertain-
ing the views I have expressed, I think it far preferable
the State should remain in its present condition, under
military rule, than it should give its sanction to measures
which we believe to be illegal, unconstitutional, and
ruinous. It is my honest and firm belief that the volun-
tary acceptance of these measures by our people would
surely bring not only to the South, but to the whole coun-
try, evils far greater than any we have yet suffered. The
North flushed with success, and drunk with power, may
not be able to realise this fact ; but as surely as the South
falls a victim to irresponsible and unlicensed power, so
surely will the Nerth lose its liberties. Ruin to the South
will react on the North, and if we are crushed into the dust
the Northern people will see but the foreshadowing of
their own certain doom. Recognise, as an established
principle, the right of any political party that may be in
the ascendancy to fix upon all who differ with them laws
unauthorised by the Constitution of the United States, and
we shalt begin
.that downward career which will lead us
steadily threw confusion, anarchy, and blood, to the cer-
tain overthrow of republican institutions and free govern-
ment."