The Sun.
London, England, 1867-08-28 00:00:00

ME SUN, LONuON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 28 1867.

the Christian nations, the day, instead of being near,
is far distant when these Powers will act in enmity
instesid of in concord. The true policy of both is
not to clash, but if they do clash, the danger to
Russia would be greater than to England.—Anglo-
Amer; can 7 iines.

public expense, we have no hesitation in saying
that the system which makes such an arrange-
ment possible among honourable men is simply
scandalous. It is of course perfectly fair that
every architect should send out designs pre-
pared in his own office, and under his own
superintendence, without specifying the amount
of assistance he may have derived from those
who work under him. But this is something
totally different. We are now told that one of
the most eminent architects of the time, wishing
to enter into the public competition for rebuilding
the Houses of Parliament, and conscious of his
own incapacity for designing a Gothic building
made a private arrangement with the best Gothic
architect alive to supply him with designs, which
he then passed off as his own. As it is, the matter
cannot rest here, and there must surely be some
way of getting at a definite proof of the correctness
of Mr. E. W. Pugin's statements. We venture to
remind the architectural profession in general that
their own honour is concerned both in ascertaining
the truth and in putting a stop to all such arrange-
ments, as are alleged to have been made in this
case, for the future.—Pall Mall Gazette.

Mr. Welby Pugin has brought a very serious
charge against the late Sir C. Barry. He says
that the Houses of Parliament, which made Sir
Charles's fortune, were not designed by him, but
by the late Mr. Pugin, who sold his plans to the
rival architect for £4OO. He would have com-
peted himself, but was under the impression—quite
correct, we suspect—that as a Catholic he would
have no chance whatever of success. The draw-
ings covered nearly every portion of the building.
Sir Charles was unable, when he got them, to
carry them out without further assistance, and
yet for twenty years he lived on the credit of
another man's work. Mr. Barry, Sir Charles's
son, will, of course, reply to this statement, which
appeared in the Pall Mall Gazette of Thursday,
under Mr. Pugin's signature, and which is sup-
ported by some memoranda of the late Mr. Pugin ;
but meanwhile the story looks decidedly an ugly
one. Cannot Mr. Pugin recover the cheque by
which his father was probably paid ?—Spectator.

A controversy has sprung up in the papers as to
the share Welby Pugin had in producing the de-
signs for the Houses of Parliament. There has long
been a doubt as to the real authorship of these
designs. It is high time that the mystery should
be cleared up. From the correspondence which
has appeared there seems to be a fair chance that
the public at last will learn the truth. We are
accustomed to see the genuineness of an ancient
MS. disputed, or the authenticity of an old picture,
and are often compelled to remain in doubt; but
it is rather too much to expect the same equani-
mity as to a building of our own generation. In
another column we give a letter from Mr. E.
Welby Pugin, which appeared in the Pall Mall of
last week, and the remarks which it has elicited
in some of the papers. In the comments of the
Spectator—so just and so much to the purpose—
we fully concur.. To the statements of Mr. E.
Welby Pugin Mr. Edward Barry opposes simply a
denial. In the Pall Mall Gazette of Thursday Mr.
Barry confesses, however, that he has no personal
knowledge of the matter, being, as he says, a mere
baby at the time that the designs of the Houses
of Parliament were prepared, but he relies on the
recollections of a Mr. Wolff and of an assistant of
fifteen years' standing in his father's office. Of
the value of such testimony as against the letters
of Sir Charles Barry and the diary of Pugin the
public will have no difficulty of judging. We shall
await with curiosity to see a real attempt on the
part of Mr. Barry to produce corroboration of his
.
aemat.— v estimnster Gazette.

to oppose their policy by every legitimate means.
If such a system as that adopted by 11.. STAN-
TON were tolerated there would be an end of
Government—there would be an end of responsi-
bility of the chief of the Executive, and a Cabinet
meeting would resolve itself into a debating society,
or a bear garden, with the members growling at
each other, instead of working harmoniously to a
clear, well-defined end. This results from the ex-
traordinary spectacle presented by the United
States. The party of Freedom and Progress, are
placed in the unnatural position of forcing the prin-
ciples of Republicanism on a number of the States by
means of a military despotism. It is almost im-
possible to conceive anything more contradictory
in appearance, than the most advanced party
of the universal rights of man, forcing their
doctrines on,unwilling millions, by means of an
absolute military despotism. It makes them
attempt to carry out their views by the very
measures most opposed to those views, and while
urging the first doctrine of the Constitution—that
all men are born equal, and with a right to the
pursuit of happiness, they deprive whole States of
all civil rights, and place them absolutely at the
will of a military dictator. They use the despot's
weapon to enforce the most noble doctrines of
liberty, under a pressure which leaves no
other course. The task undertaken by the
great Republican party has been one of
overwhelming difficulty, increased vastly by the
strong opposition of the chief of the Executive,
through whom they were compelled to carry out
their policy. That they should thus far have
succeeded is matter for congratulation, and,
although a dead-lock has arisen in this instance, it
is no small surprise that much greater and graver
complications have not resulted. Very few people
sympathise with Mr. STANTON, as he has manifestly
placed himself in the wrong ; but the sympathy
with the PRESIDENT would have been general had
he not drawn ou himself the dislike of the great
body of the American people.—Anglo-American
Times.

THE PUBLIC HEALTH.

(From the Registrar-General's Return.)

In the week that ended on Saturday, August 24,
4,597 births and 2,837 deaths were registered in
London and 12 other large towns of the United
Kingdom. The annual rate of mortality was 24
per 1,000 persons living.
The annual rate of mortality last week was 21 per
1,000 in London, 19 in Edinburgh, and 26 in Dub-

lin ; 23 in Bristol, 27 in Birmingham, 30 in
Liverpool, 29 in Manchester, 26 in Salford, 22 in
Sheffield, 33 in Leeds, 22 in Hull, 33 in Newcastle-
upon-Tyne, and 24 in Glasgow. The rate in
Vienna was 22 per 1,000 during the week ending

the 17th inst., when the mean temperature was 2.4
deg. Fahrenheit higher than in the same week in
London, where the rate was 24.
The following proportions of the above rates were
referred to diarrhoea in the different towns :—ln
London, 3.3 per 1,000 ; in Sheffield, 4.6 ; in New-
castle, 6.3 ; in Liverpool, 7.0 ; in Birmingham,
8.8; in Leeds, 9.0 ; and, the highest, 10.3 in Man-
chester and Salford.

In London the births of 1,154 boys and 1,101
girls, in all 2,255 children, were registered in the
week. In the corresponding weeks of the ten years
1857-66 the average number, corrected for increase
of population, is 1,972.
The deaths registered in London during the week
were 1,247. It was the 34th week of the year, and
the average number of deaths for that week is, with
a correction for increase of population, 1,312. The
deaths in the present return are less by 65 than
the estimated number.

The mortality exhibits a considerable decrease
when compared with the number of deaths (1,391)
in the preceding week. The more favourable re-
turn is not owing to a decline in the number of
deaths from diarrhea, as last week the disease proved
fatal to 188 children and S adults. In the six pre-
vious weeks the numbers were 115, 170, 196, 217,
189, 200. Last week 43 cases occurred in the west,
50 in the north, 13 in the central, ~39 in the east,
and 51 in the south districts. Ten deaths from
diarrheea were registered in the sub-district of St.
Mary, Paddington, 8 in Kensington Town, 10
in Islington West, and 6 in Lambeth Church,
second part. In the other sub-districts the malady
was not so fatal. The deaths of 13 children and 5
adults from cholera were registered. In the corre-
sponding week of last year the deaths from diarrhoea
were 129, and from cholera 265. A plumber, aged
71, died Aug. 23, at 1, St. Ann's-road, Kensington,
of coup de soleil, cerebral effusions. A journeyman
gilder, aged 27 years, died Aug. 23, in the Middle-
sex Hospital, of acute glanders. Two females, aged
78 and 54 years respectively, died last week from
shock caused by fright at the severe thunderstorm
which occurred during the early morn of Tuesday,
Aug. 20. Kensington, Town.—At 11, King-street,
on Aug. 20, a porter, aged 43 years, cholera (9
hours). St. George, Hanover-square.—At 268
B, Oxford-street, on the 23d of August, the
son of a harmonium maker, aged 2 years, cholera
(English). Belgrave.—At 12, Belgrave-mansions,
on Aug. 21, the daughter of a coachmaker, aged 6
months, infantile cholera (36 hours). Westminster,
Golden-square.—At 2, Golden-square, on Aug. 17,
the son of a singer, aged two months, choleraic diar-

rho3a. Marylebone, Rectory.—At 10, David-street,
on Aug. 17, the daughter of a cabman, aged 8
months, choleraic diarrhoea (24 hours). Pancras,
Regent's-park.—At 55, Stanhope-street, on Aug.
21, the daughter of a licensed victualler, aged 9
months, choleraic diarrhoea (7 days). Hackney,
South.—At 7, Exmouth-place, on Aug. 15, the
daughter of a pianoforte maker, aged eight months,
choleraic diarrhoea (three days). Strand, St. Anne.
—At 19, Frith-street, on Aug. 22, a target maker,
aged 55 years, choleraic diarrhoea (seven days.)
East London, St. Botolph.—At 78, Minories, on Aug.
18, the daughter of a carpenter and ship joiner, aged
53 years, cholera (16 hours). East London, Crip-
plegate.—At 35, Edmund-place, on Aug. 20, a com-
positor, aged 27 years, choleraic diarrhoea (9 days).
Mile-end Old-town, Western.—At 4, Bromhead-
road, on Aug. 18, the son of a surgeon, 8 months,
choleraic diarrhoea (7 days), convulsions (12 hours).
Bermondsey, Leather-market,.—At 50, Page's-walk,
on Ang. 10, the daughter of a portmanteau-maker,
aged 10 months, cholerainfantum (one week), con-
vulsions (24 hours.) Wandsworth ; Battersea.—At
8, Grove-terrace, on Aug. 18, the son of a labourer,
aged one year, choleraic diarrhoea, exhaustion.
Camberwell ; Peckham.—At 12, Bell's-gardens, on
Aug. 21, the daughter of an engraver on wood, aged
25 weeks, choleraic diarrhoea (two days.) tlreen-
wich ; St. Paul, Deptford.—At 26, Manor-road, on
Aug. 17, the son of an assistant manager of a bank,
aged four months, choleraic diarrhoea. (24 hours.)
Greenwich ; East.—At 5, Lizba.n-street, on Aug.
15, the son of a coachman, aged six months, cholera
iufantum (three days.) I❑ same sub-district, at the
Union workhouse, on Aug. 18, a male aged 4 years,
choleraic diarrhoea (three days), collapse (10 hours.)
Greenwich ; Woolwich Dockyard.—At 14, Eliza-
beth-place, on Aug. 17, a shipwright, aged 65
years, diarrhoea (three days), English cholera.
The deaths of seven persons who were killed by
horses or carriages in the streets were registered.
One of these unfortunate persons was an old woman,
whose age is said to be 110 years.
At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean
height of the barometer in the week was 29.871 in.
The barometrical reading decreased from 29.97 in.
on Sunday, Aug. 18, to 29.73 in. on Thursday, Aug.
20. The mean temperature of the air in the week
was 63.7 deg., which is 2.9 deg. above the average
of the same week in 50 years (as determined by
Mr. Glaisher.) The highest day temperature, was
79.6 deg. on Monday, Aug. 19. The lowest night
temperature was 49.5 deg., on Friday, Aug. 23.
The entire range of temperature in the week
was, therefore, 30.1 deg. The mean of the

highest temperatures of the water of the Thames
was 66.5 deg. ; that of the lowest was 61.5 deg.

The difference between the mean-dew point tem-
perature and air temperature was 64 deg. The
mean degree of humidity of the air was 80,
complete saturation being represented by 100.
Rain fell to the amount of 0.59 in., of which
0.58 in. fell during the early morning of Tuesday,
August 20, when violent thunder storms occurred,
chivily about 211. a.m. and 411. a.m. 02one was