The Sun.
London, England, 1858-01-01 00:00:00

IRE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, JANUARY 1, 1858.

tionod- in our last Overland issue, the Chapman
and Veloz were in the berth for London, and the
Banes, was loading for the colonies, and the Wy.
naud for Cowes for orders. The authorities, in
answer to a petition regarding the currency from
the native bankers, had forbidden any difference
being made between the two dollars. This de-
cision had met some opposition, but at the latest
date had every prospect of being successful.
The principal incident in the north has been a
notification at Skaughae from the Chinese Govern-
ment, prohibiting foreigners from going beyond
treaty limits in their excursions into the interior.
Tne Peking Gazette of October Ist contains
a memorial from Yeh praying the Em-
peror to allow the usual inspection of the
Kwangtung troops to be postponed until a
more seasonable time. A letter has been received
by the Shanghae Chamber of Commerce from Lord
Palmerston, conveying his thanka to that body,
for their approval, expressed at the public meet-
ing held at Shanghae on the 26th May, of the
Government measures in the Canton affairs.
Yeh's memorial, which we take from the North
China Herald of Nov. 7, is as follows :
" The Peking Gazette, dated Oct. 1, 1857, gives
the following memorial from Yehaming-chin, Mini-
ster of State, and Governor-General of the Two

Kwang :
"I, Yeh-ming-chin, humbly memorialise your
Majesty, respecting the impracticability of inspect-
ing, as established by law, the military of Kwang-
tang during the current year ; and request that
your Majesty will grant permission to defer the in-
spection till the military are less actively employed,
when I will examine them as to their abilities, and
then act in obedience to your Majesty's commands;
I therefore pray your Majesty to cast your august
glance on this my respectful memorial."
I received a despatch from the military board,
forwarded by the Privy Council, informing me
that on the 19th Feb., 1857, it had received an
Imperial edict as follows :
" The period has again arrived when it has be-
come necessary the Fuhkeen, Chekeang, Kwang-
tung, and Kwangse military should be examined
and inspected. We have, therefore, appointed
Yeh-ming-chin to inspect the military of Kwantung,
ant select those soldiers who are fit for duty, and
discharge those who are unfit. If men are found
in the ranks who are unable to perform their ex-
ercises, and incapable for military use, then the
officers in charge of them must be degraded and.
reported. Do not view this matter as of no im-
portance. Respect this.
" It is accordingly my duty to examine into the
state of the Kwangtung military, and take steps
accordingly ; but I find on examination that, dur-
ing the last few years, the military of Kwangtung
have been actively employed ; and that several
of the regiments were sent to ether provinces,
where they have been since employed on active
service.
" Since the autumn of last year, when the British
barbarians first commenced to create trouble at
Canton city, the Manchoo and Chinese troops,
together with the river and sea forces, have been
still more moved from one spot to another, and
although at present the barbarians are a little
quieter than before, still it would be in the present
state of affairs wrong to recal the troops from de-
fending Canton. I find that there are in the whole
province of Kwangtung 31 military cantonments,
the troops of which are being every now and then
removed from one station to another, as there is
fighting going on everywhere. Hence I cannot re-
cal the troops frcm the stations ; and consequently
cannot now exercise and inspect them.
" May I therefore pray your Majesty to be
pleased, in consequence of the troops being at pre-
sent actively engaged in defending the city of Can-
ton, and in destroying the barbarians, to allow that
the usual inspection of the Kwangtung military be
put off till the times are quieter, when I will exa-
mine and see them perform their exercises. Should
there be any useless soldiers, men who cannot de-
fend the nation nor destroy the barbarians—l shall,
when I inspect them, de_rade the officers or dis-
miss them from the service. I shall not dare to
show them any protection."
Considerable anxiety hasbeen caused at Shanghae
by the appearance of a proclamation by the chief
magistrate Hwang, forbidding foreigners to go
farther into the interior than the distance stipulated
by ti eaty. Of course the Chinese have a right to
insist on the exact terms of the treaty, but in this
proclamation they have broken it themselves by
the frequent use of the obnoxious term " Bar-
barian ;, and moreover there has been for so long
a time permission given to go further than the
prescribed limits, that this sudden pull on the
check-string created no small astonishment and
some uneasiness. The following is the preclam-
lon P-»
Hwang, Chief Magistrate of the district of Shang-
hae, in the prefecture of Sangkeang, in the pro-
vince of Feeangsoo, issues the following perspi-
cuous proclamation :
I have had the honour to receive a despatch from
his Excellency See, the Superintendent of Customs,
informing me thit he has had the honour to receive
a despatch, together with copy of a memorial to his
Imperial Majesty, from his Excellency the Gover-
nor, as follows :
" With respect to foreign merchants purchasing
and transporting cocoons out of the country, I for-
merly took the matter under consideration, and
decided that a duty, in accordance with the spirit
of the treaties, should be levied on cocoons ; and
explained distinctly that the laws prohibited, and
did not allow foreigners to secretly proceed into the
interior. On the 16th September, 1857, I, in con-
cert with the Governor- General, respectfully memo-
rialised his imperial Majesty, for the second time,
on the subject. Besides waiting till I have received
his Majesty's commands, when I will respectfully
make a copy of them for transmission to my subor-
dinates for their guidance, it is proper that I should
now, however, make a copy of my memorial and
send it to you, the superintendent of customs, for
your information and guidance. I have, therefore,
now to explain to you the prohibitory laws, that
you may continually bear them in mind and take
heed that they are strictly carried out ; at the same
time you will rigor( usly order the prefects to
transmit your instructions to the several magi,-
trates to is.u.e proclamations to the people of their
dis acts, that should any evil-disposed Chinese
league themselvts with barbarians and together
dare to proceed into the interior, no mayter whet her
they have caused any disturbance or not, they will
be immediately arrested and punish-•d with the ut-
mo-t rigorousness, while the barbarians will be
taken into custody and handed over to their consuls
to be kept under rigorous control and be punished
as laid down by the treaties.
" I, the Superintendent of Customs, find on exa-
mination of this case that it is on record that an
Imperial Edict was formerly received respecting
foreigners proceeding into the interior ; and that
his Excellency Lan, the late Superintendent of
Customs, respectfully caused copies of it to be made,
and transmitted to his subordinates, ordering them
to act in accordance thereto. As I, the Superin-
tendent of Customs, have now received the above-
mentioned despatch and memorial from his Excel-
lency the Governor, it is my duty, besides writing
to my other subordinates, to now write to you, the
Shanghae magistrate, and enclose a copy of the
memorial in question, that you may take measures
accordingly."
Having received his Excellency the Superinten-
• , dent of Customs' despatch, together with a copy of
the memorial, it is now my duty to issue the fol-
Ic;wieg proclamation :
I, the magistrate, have therefore now to inform
Sou the military and people of the Shanghae dis-
trict that, from the issuing of this proclamation,
you must examine, and act in accordance with, the
foreign treaties ; that f •
oreign merchants are not
permitted secretly to Proceedninttoi the interior ;
that evil-disposed Chinese are
interior
to guide
foreigners secretly into the
.that,
vitlate
should any persons dare intentionally
this prohibition, no matter whetherYee
caused a disturbance or not, they will assurYedlvaiv):
arrested and rigorously dealt with ; and tiL,-
foreigners will be handed over to their commis tea
be rigorously controlled and punished, as laid-down
by the treaties. No indulgence will be' shown.
Let all yield a reverential obedience. Do not dis-
obey. A special proclamation.
Shanghae, Oct. 21, 1857.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
DIPOUTS.

COTTONS.—Shirtings : In the early part of last month,
sales to a moderate extent were effected at prices
quoted in our last report, but the demand soon
subsided, and latterly the market has been quite at a
stand. Advicee of large transhipments from Calcutta
Jiave made the principal holders eager to sell, but at
present there are no buyers even at our quotations which
are to' 20 candareens lower than last month's, and
as considerable supplies must be close at hand we look
for a further decline. The arrivals from Great Britain
are the Isabella Hercus and the Abdul Medjid, which
have brought about 77,000 pieces. The deliveries from
sth to 31st tilt, amount to 51,000 pieces of gray and
11,000 pieces white, and the stock in foreign warehouses
may be estimated at 315,000 pieces grey and white.
OPIUM- - Mal wa, 590 t. a 575 t. Shanghae silver; Patna,
535% a 530 t., do onward tendency. Stec: on 2 I Oct.
3;080 eliq. Mal ,va, 900 cha, Patna. Agri alp since
then are-1,665 Malwa, 1,312 che. Patna, Total-
-4,745 ch.. Malwa, 2,212 ohs. Patna. Deliveries since
ditto-515 che. M:ilwa, 408 Patna. Present- stock-
-4,230 che. Malwa, 1,894 Patßna.
TS
EXPO.
TaAs—The past month has been one of the dullest

ever known for this article at the present season of the
year—the natives preferring to await the arrival of the
English mail before submitting
_to a reduction in
price, and foreigners not being at all anxious to settle
at the late high rate ; the amount of business done in
congon has therefore been extremely small, Now
that the Chinese have learnt Wit the English market
had not improved so much as they expected up to the
advices to 9th September to hand on 3d instant, and
that the stocks here are accumulating fast, are now
showing some anxiety to settle, and we look for further
decline before another month has passed. The small
settlements of tea both here and at Foochow are
beginning to affect the export, which now shows a defi-
ciency of 3,461,413 lb. as compared with that to the
same period of last year.
SILL—The advices from Europe continue adverse—
the latest dates convey the impression that the market
was unduly depressed by random statements of an ex-
cessive import from China—such is not the case ; the
export already shows the large deficiency of 10,000 bales,
and the arrival of silk from the interior exhibits still more
unfavourably, being 48,000 against 61,000 at same period
last season. There seems to be great probability that
theseimportant features will be maintained. Buyers have
shown more caution of late, the favourable position of the
export and settlement as compared with the impression
in London has only led to a fair average business of
6,000 bales for the month, making a total of 40,000 set-
tled to present date against 57,000 last season. Prices
are easier ; at the present low rate of Exchange silk
lays down in Europe.from 5 to:10 per cent. cheaper than
advisod in oar last. The stock numbers 6,000 bales
chief medium to common sorts; good of any description
is now scarce.
EXCIIANGIC..—Bank Bills, 6s. 7d. to 6s. 7id. Credits,
6s. Bd. to 64. 81d. Documentary, 6e. 9d. On Bombay,
300 r. On Calcutta, 295 r. nominal. On Hong Kong, 25
to 25i per cent, discount.
MILLION-740 Shanghaetaels 100') clean Mexican dole.
105 to 115 Chopped dole, per 100 Shanghae taels. Pe-
king gold, 158 Shanghae taels per bar of 9t. 7m. 3c.
Soochow gold, 156 Shanghae taels per bar of 9t. 7m. 3e.
FREIGHTB.—Rates continue without any alteration,
and there is abundance of tonnage. To London, 31. for
tea, and 61. for silk. To America, 10 dole. per 40 feet.

1858 -Fail not to begin the NEW YEAR
• with a DIARY. LETTS'S are kept
by every bookseller in the kingdom. Catalogues gratis. Those
generally adopted ky
LADIES are Nos. 10, 12, 18, 20, ARMY and NAVY, 8,9, 10, 11
22. plain or elegantly bound. in perpetual sprg. lock cases,
GENTLEMEN, 8,9, 10, 11, etc. MERCHANTS, BANKERS,
in perpetual sprg- leek cases. ENGINEERS, etc. 51, 52, 53,
CLERGYMEN, 9, 10, 12, 12 enl. 1,2, 3,6, 8,9, 11, with Dr. and
Tablet, Sermon books, etc. Cr. forms, 3s, 4s, 115, etc.
MEDICAL MEN, 1,2, 8,9, 10, TRADESMEN, 4,5, 11, 13, 15,
Medical, Professional, etc. Dr. and Cr. forms, 33,115, etc.
LAWYERS, 51, 52, 1,2, 8,9, the FARMERS, 4, 5,6, 7, 11, 13, etc.
Scribbling, plain or interivd. MECHANICS, Is. 6d ~ is 9d., 6d.
LETTS, SON, and Co., Stationers 8s Mapsellers,B, Royal Exchange.

HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE.
LUCIA. DI LAMMERMOOR.
Piccolomini, Spezia, Giuglini, Belletti, Rossi, Vialetti,
and Aldighieri.
TO-MORROIN EVENING (Saturday, Jan. 2),
LUCIA DI LAMMERMOOR.
Prices :—Pit Stalls, 12s 6d; boxes (to hold four persons)
pit and one pair, 2/. 2s; grand tier, 31. 3s ; two pair, 1/. ss.
three pair, 15s ; gallery boxes, 103; gallery stalls, 3s 6d
pit, 3s 6d; gallery, 2s,

rIIUEATRE ROYAL, HA.YMA.RKET.
Lessee—Mr. J. B. Buckstone.
THIS EVENING, to commence at Seven o'clock. with
SPEED THE PLOUGH. Characters by Messrs. W. Farren,
Compton, Chippendale, Mrs. Poynter, Mrs. E. Fitzwilliam,
and Miss E. Ternan.
After which, a new comic Christmas Pantomime, entitled
THE SLEEPING BEAUTY IN THE WOOD ; or, Harle-
quin and the Spiteful Fairy. Harlequin, Mr. A. Leclercq ;
Columbine, Miss Fanny Wright ; Pantaloon, Mr. Mackay ;
Clown, Mr. Charles Leclercq.
Orchestra Stalls (which may be retained the whole of the
evening) 6s. each. (No charge for booking.)
First Ince. s. d. Second price. s. d
Dress Boxes 5 0 Dress Boxes
Upper Boxes 3 0 Upper Boxes 2 0
Pit 2 0 Pit. 1 0
Gallery

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.—LAST
NIGHT OF KING RICHARD THE
SECOND, THIS EVENING.
On Saturday, THE CORSICAN BROTHERS.
On Monday next Mr. Charles Kean will make his first ap-
pearance these two years in the character of Hamlet.

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.
Proprietor, Mr. Charles Kean.
THIS EVENING, will be performed -Shakspere's Tragedy
of KING RICHARD 11. King Richard 11., by Mr. Chas.
Kean ; Queen, by Mrs. C. Kean.
After which, a new grand comic Christmas Pantomime,
entitled HARLEQUIN WHITE CAT ; or, The Princess
Blanche Flower and her Fairy Godmothers. The Princess
Blanche (White Cat), Miss Kato Terry ; Harlequin, Mr. Cor-
mack ; Clown, Mr. linline; Pantaloon, Mr. Paul*: and
Columbine, Miss C. Adams.

THEATRE ROYAL, A.DELPHI.
Lessee—Mr. Ben. Webster.
THIS EVENING, THE 'WEPT OF THE WISH-TON.
WISH. Mr. Wright anti Madame Celeste.
After which, a Mythological Extravaganza, entitled
HARLEQUIN, OR THE LOVES OF CUPID AND
PSYCHE. Jupiter, Mr. Paul Bedford ; Mars, Mr. Frank
Hall ; Venus, Mrs. Billingtou ; Cupid, Miss Mario Wilton ;
Psyche, Miss Mary Keeley.

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE.—SoIe Lessee
and Manager, Mr. C. Dillon.
THIS EVENING, will be presented Sir E. L. Bulwer's
play of RICHELIEU. Richelieu, Mr. Charles Dillon; Ba-
radas, Mr. Stuart ; De Mausprat, Mr. J. G. Shore ; Joseph,
Mr. Barrett ; Julie, Mrs. Charles Dillon ; Francois, Miss
Woolgar.
To conclude with the Burlesque and Pantomime, LA LLAH
ROOKH, and the PRINCESS, the PERI, and the TROU-
BADOUR ; or, Harlequin awl the Ghebers of the Desort.
Supported by Mesdames Charles Dillon, Buckingham White
Eliza Webb, Maria Ternan, Esther Jacobs, and Woolgar ;
Messrs. Barrett, Calhaem, Holston, Fitzhenry, Poynter, and
J. L. Toole. Clowns, Messrs. T. Matthews and R. Stilt ;
Harlequin, Mr. J. Ricketts; Pantaloon. Mr. A. Stilt ; Sprites,
Herr Zeleski and 4ons ; Columbines, Misses A. Malcolm and
Lees. Gorgeous Feast of Lanterns.—Fcnton's Grand Trans-
formation Scene.
Doers open at half-past 6, to commence at 7.
Morning Performance on Saturday (Te-morrow), on which
occasion the Boys of the Licensed Victuallers' School will
attend. —Doors open at 2, commence at half-past 2.
3ox-office open from II to 5 daily.

11()YAL SURREY THEATRE.
.1. Lessees, Messrs. Shepherd and Crsswick.
THIS EVENING, will be performed BROKEN FAITH.
After which, QUEEN MAB ; or Harlequin Romeo and
Jolliet. Clown, by the Surrey Buck ; Pantaloon, Mr. Brad-
bury.

TRA ND THEATRE.—Lessee, Mr. T. Payne.
►"' —THIS EVENING, will be performed
H A.RLEQUIN NOVELTY AND THE PRINCESS WHO
LOST HER HEART. Harlequin, Miss Craven ; Columbine,
Deulin ; Sprite, Herr Kirt The Lampert Family
and the Red Man of Agar in their wonderful performance,
&c.

Como:Iowa at Seven. Stalls, 3s. ; Boxes, 25.; Pit,
Gallery 6d.

CANTERBURY HALL, Westminster-road.—
OPEN EVERY EVENING.—The follow-
+g company of Vocalists are engaged for the performance of
S dections from all the popular OPERAS, MADRIGALS,
CHORUSES, GLEES, DUETS, dre., viz.:—Miss Russell,
Sirs. Badzey, Madlle. Marietta, Miss Bruaell, Miss Ray,
Madame Bartoletti, Miss Montague, and Madame Marietta ;
110/T F. Jonghmans, Mr. Renshaw, R. Grover, T. Farcant,
S. Loner:, J. Barker, W. Melling, Senor Antonio, E. L.
Rime, Mr. Badgoy, Mr. Idwards, Mr. Bell, and Mr. Ber-
nard; Messrs. S. Collins, W. 1. Critchfield, and E. Mack-
ney. Pianoforte, Mr. Cecil Hicks; harmonium, Master
Williams ; Director, Herr F. Jonghmans. Commence at
Seven o'elock precisely. Suppers, dro., until twelve o'clock.
Mr. AUGUSTUS BRARAM will make his first appearance on
Monday, the 25th inst.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Cats DAY—Morn., 41 min. aft. 2 —Even., 10 tan aft. 3
To-Monnow—Morn., 35 min. aft. 3—Even., 0 min. aft. 4

THE WEATHER—SUN OFFICE, JANVAET 1
lIIRRATOMETER, IN THE SNADE.
45—highest sines noon yesterday.
40—lowest this morning and during the night.
44 —this day at noon.
BAROMETER, 30.5?.
WIND, Westerly ; light, with very fine weather.

• 'Ol .-qu • el"
.1..
ATM
,-

tamed it the Bank of England at 8 per cent,
while only 6 per omit. is charged in Paris, and it
needs na..elaborate arguments to prove that,
tinder such_ circumstances, and the general col-
lapse of credit, trades, commerce, and manufac-
tures must be paralysed, and that business which

we might obtain wilt be transferred to the other

side of the Channel.

We fear that the opening

of the budget will disclose a very untoward state
of affairs, and that am excuse will be sought by

the CHANCEL LOR of the EXCHEQUER tO impose

additional imposts om the already overburdened
tax-payer. It is, however, but right to add that
a portion of the present deficiency may be ascribed
to the reduction thai took place in the beginning
of the year in the litcome-tax, and the duties on

tea, coffee, and sugar.
With respect to the particular items, we find in
the Customs that the decrease of the year, half-
year, and quarter, amount respectively to
1,154,0231., 857,41/., and 642,1571. This
last item is partly from the reduction of duties,
but still more from a general diminution of con-
sumption of articles of comfort or luxury. The
Customs revenue is generally regarded as indicat-
ing the state of commercial activity, and of course
a considerable deficiency must have been looked
for. But, as we have stated, next quarter will
tell a still more pitiable tale than that which
has just closed. MEI it not been for the dearth
of money, and the mercantile difficulties, we be-
lieve that the proved elasticity of our resources
would have more than obviated the losses, sus-
tained by the reduction of duties.
The Excise, which is considered the index of
the prosperity of the -working classes, also shows a
great falling off in every period of comparison—
that on the year Lboing 601,7784, for the nine
months 693,0001., and for the quarter 47,0001.
This last is not as great as might have appeared
probable ; but stocka had been suffered to get
rather low, and hence larger returns were obtained
than might otherwise have come to hand.
In the Stamps there is a small increase on the
year of 9511. ; btrt the decrease on the nine
months is 102,986/., and on the quarter 77,0001.
The monetary difficutties, which so greatly affected
transactions that would have been settled by bills
of exchange, produced this inauspicious result.
In taxes there was a small decrease on the
year of 1,0061., on the nine months of 12,0261.,
but an increase on the quarter of 5,000/. These
charges generally remain almost stationary, and
the latter may be ascribed rather to greater strin-
gency on the part of the collectors, than to any
decided improvement in the amount to be col-
lected.
In the Property Tax the falling off is very
heavy, that for the year being 890,4251., for the
nine months 951,93 V., and for the quarter
615,0271. The reduction of the war 9d., as it
was termed, must, to a certain extent, be taken
into account. But as yet the relief has only been
partial. It is only by fundholders and Go-
vernment officials, where the amount due is de-
ducted from dividends or salaries, that the change
is as yet felt. Few if any of those paying under
the more important and productive schedules
have as yet paid their contributions to the ex-
chequer under this head. The 31st of March
will tell a more serious tale, which will go on
quarter after quarter for another year. We shall
not before the end of September ascertain the
full extent of the loss to the revenue.
The Post-office constitutes an exception to the
general rule. There we find an increase of
122,8481. on the year, of 106,0001. on the nine
months, and of 62,0001. on the quarter. This is
satisfactory, although probably there has been a
corresponding increase in the expenditure by
which it was produced. Pesides, a period of
commercial difficulty naturally leads to an addi-
tional number of deceiving letters and apologetic
answers ; so that the deficiencies in other depart-
ments is not shared by the department at St.
Martin's-le-Grand.
In Crown Lands there is a decrease on the year
of 11,203/., on the nine months exactly the same
deficiency, and on the quarter of 4,0001.
In Miscellaneous there is a considerable in-
crease. On the year, 705,990/. ;on the three
quarters, 578,923/. ; and on the quarter,
529,8651. These results have, however, been
mainly produced by the sales of stores, and other
supplies, that cost very much more to the nation
than the sums for which they were disposed of.
If the difference could be ascertained it would
astonish the tax-paying community, and lead
them to doubt the prudence of the management
that occasioned such heavy losses.
On the whole, the general deficiencies, which
would be much greater but for the last-mentioned
exceptional item, are—for the year, 1,828,6461. ;
for the three quarters, 1,943,720/. ; and for the
quarter, 788,3191., which constitute very un-
pleasant facts for the consideration of the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer. As we have stated, it is
as well as could have been expected under the
circumstances of the country, but that was very
bad indeed.

As might have been expected, we now begin to
hear objections whispered against the transfer of
the Government of India to the QuEEN and Parlia-
ment. What reform ever wanted objectors and
objections? Old Sarum and Castle Rising had their
defenders, and so has the East India Company,
and so would Naples or Pandemonium, if these
places could come within the range of an Act of
the British Parliament. Advocates for vested
wrongs can always find some beauty or utility in a
wrong which has existed for a century or centuries
and which furnishes fees or salaries, or jobs for
persons who do not like to lose them. And double
government or quadruple government, will assu-
redly not want counsel who will try to impose on
the people and mislead them, much as the Chartists
misled the working people of England, when the
Freetraders demanded the repeal of the Bread
Tax.

The grand argueventuna ad poptaum is of course
the old one, in the case of the abolition of the
East India Company. We are told that it will
immensely increase the patronage of the Crown,
and thereby render it far too powerful. We are
told also that it will place in the hands of an ar-
bitrary monarch, whenever such an one may arise;
an immense standing army in India such as he
would never venture to keep for purely home ob-
jects ; an army which in perhaps forty days (when
Sir CHARLES WOOD has ceased to preside at the
Admiralty) may be transported from India to the
shores of England, and enable another CHARLES
STUART to carry by some determined Minister his
system of " Thorough."
Do the objectors believe in their own argu-
ments ? Do they really think that such repre-
sentations have the same force now as they had
before the Reform Bill? Do they really think
that there is no available counterpoise to any dan-
gerous patronage which may accrue to the Crown ?
Arbitrary as were the tempers of the first three
GEORGES, their despotism was obliged to work as
best it
might, through the instrumentality of the
great English parties ; and Tories, as well as
Whigs, to do them justice, were never willing
that the Monarch
of England should be an auto-
crat. Still less could he be so now. Notwith-

standing oa4elierliiiilitiOn to be ruf ed by a pure
bred German family, notwithstanding our per-
verse refusal to let a drop of Britishr blood conta-

minate the veins of the heirs to►Gu throne, we
contrive to cure the defect of race by an English

education, and our Gorman-bred Sovereigns, for
the last reign or two at least, have shown not the
slightest inclination to trench on popular rights

and liberties. If there is any suspicion of our
Germanised Sovereigns acquiring German tastes,
then let them intermarry with thoroughly Eng-
lish families, and let us have not only natives of
England, but natives of free English blood for our

kings and queens.
The danger from a standing army in India we
certainly regard as chimerical. Centuries must
elapse ere all the soldiers we can send there will
not be wanted there. We could. never denude
India without danger of losing it, and this would
be the case almost equally, whether we raised
and equipped another native army or not. If we
had no native army we could not of course with-
draw the troops ; and if we created one, we should
—as we now know—need a strong British force to
prevent another insurrection. Besides how could
the movements of so many soldiers in India
be bidden from the British public and
British press in India itself ? and the very
suspicion of such a conspiracy, backed by some
corroborative circumstances at home, would cost
any Monarch his throne, perhaps his life, before
it could be completed. Can we, moreover, place
no reliance on the stuff which British soldiers and
officers are made of ? Could they be purchased by
sandwiches and sherry ? Could they be ever
trusted by any Monarch to plot against, and seize
in their lieds, the leaders of the Opposition, and
all the EYANSES and NAPIRRE who sympathised
with the popular cause ? There is not a Tory at
the Horse Guards who would not consider that
such an order cancelled his oath, for he would
know that it could only be issued in violation of
a Coronation oath. Our standing armies are, and
always will be, armies of Englishmen, officered by
Englishmen ; and woe to the Monarch who should
attempt to make them the instruments of a coup
d'etat. A despot first must place at their head
all the penniless gamblers who had nothing to
risk, which would create a mutiny amongst the
officers, and next corrupt the privates themselves,
no easy task at auy time, especially when the
nation was ringing with complaints of the officers
placed over them.
Not to dwell on such answers, for they are
plentiful enough to the apparently liberal objeo-
tions to placing the Government of India directly
in the hands of the Crown, we have one answer
which, to us, is perfectly satisfactory, and that is,
that it is easy if the people so will it, to increase
their own power proportionately to any increase
of that of the Crown. Hitherto the East India
Company's civil service has been as close a job as
any in the realm ; and, to us, it is no excuse that
it is a middle•class job. Jobs are equally de-
testable under any Government. Transferring
these appointments to the Crown will make them
leas of a job than now, for they will come more
under the notice of Parliament, and the appointers
will be continually liable to questions about the
character and deeds of their appointees. They
will be nominated at least under responsibility,
and combining this with the previous examina-
tion of candidates, there will be less jobbing than
ever. If Army Reform be honestly carried out—
and it is the country's fault if it be not—the pa-
tronage in the army must also become less a mat-
ter of personal- interest.
Some considerable additional patronage, how-
ever, the Crown or its responsible Ministers will
certainly gain. To meet this we demand an
HONEST REPORM Bari. A real Reform Bill will
answer all the objections which can be alleged
against the most essential of Indian Reforms, on
the score of increasing the power of the Crown.
Singularly enough, the session which has to legis-
late for India, is the session in which a Reform
Bill must also be brought forward. Now, then,
is the time to demand that the people shall be
really represented. Firsi let us have an extended
franchise, such a one that every decent man
in town and country shall have a vote. We are
not nice about mode. Household or rate-book
suffrage, or some which include the steady. part of
the nation. Second—Let us have Free Toting,
for which, as Lord PALMERSTON well knows, there
is but ono mode. Let every man be trusted to
give his vote, unbribed and unintimidated, by
placing it in the custody of the Ballot Box.
Lastly, let us have Parliaments of shorter dura-
tion, and therefore more directly responsible to
the people. As to a property qualification,
we suppose no one will now defend such a rem-
nant of landlordism.
Let then, our Reformers open their eyes, and
prepare to be firm in their demands.
The safety
of India and good government there imperatively
demand that the obstruction of a double govern-
ment be removed, and that the power of the
Crown be thereby increased. The liberties of Eng-

LATEST NEWS

THE BOUNDARY COMMISSION.

Yesterday, at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
in Paris, the Plenipotentaries proceeded to th•
ratifications of the treaty relating to the new
frontier of Bessarabia.