The Sun.
London, England, 1867-10-14 00:00:00

THE REVALENTA ARABICA

saves fifty times its cost in other remedies. and restores per-
fect digestion. strong nerves, sound lungs, healthy liver, re-
freshing sleep, functional regularity, and energy, to the
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complaints.
IMPORTANT CAIITION,—Beware of the many Unsavoury
and more than sloppy imitations to which, without autho-
rity, Baron Liebig's name is most audaciously attached.
Henceforh no one will doubt the valuable properties of
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and Infants' Food, since to the thousands of blessings it has
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Pope. whose health has been perfectly restored by it after
thirty leers of unsuccessful medical treatment. We quote
f orn the Gazette du Midi, July 25th (Cure No. 68,413): _
"Rome, July 21st, 1865.—The health of the Holy Father is
excellent, especially since, abandoning all other remedies
he has confined himself entirely to Du Barry's Revalenta
Arabica Food, of which heconsumes a plateful at every meal.
Ir has produced a surprisingly beneficial effect on his hea th,
and His Holiness cann t praise this excellent food too
highly."
Cure No. 58,215, of the Marchioness de Brdhan, of seven
years' 1 ver complaint, wasting away, debility, nervousness,
irritability, with a nervous palpitai ioa all over, bad diges-
tion constant sleeplessness, and the most intolerable nervous
agitation.
Cure No. 7,, of dyspepsia, from the Right Hon. the Lord
Stuart de Decies, Lord Lieutenant of the County of Water-
V.rd :—" I have de-ived much benefit from your excellent
Food.—STUART DE DEM& Dromana, Cappoquin, County
Waterford."

Cure No. 49,832.-0 f fifty years' indescribable agony from
dyspeplia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatu-
lency, spasms, sickness, and vomiting. Maria Joly, of LynD,
Norfolk.

Cure No. 47J21.—Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of extreme
nervousness. indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, atd
nervous fancies.
Cure No. 56,814.-31 r. Samuel Laxton, Leicester, of two
years'

The Food is sold in Canisters, at Is. I id. ; lib.. 2s. Od ;
21b., 4s. 64. ; 121 b., as. ; 241 b , 40s. The 121 b. and 241 b canis-
ters, carriage-free on receipt of Post-Office Order, by
BARRY DU BARRY and Co., 77, Regent-street, London ;
also at Fortnum and Mason's and sold by all respectable
Orcare and Chenalste.4

THE "TIMES" ON TIM NEW YORK STAGE.

The Times continues its interesting articles on the stage
of New York by an English playgoer. No. IV. opens
with an account of the Now York Theatre, which stands
on the east side of the Broadway, a little below Wallack's.
Formerly a church, it retains its original ecclesiastical
aspect, the old square Kentish steeple, and shocks Eng-
lish feeling by the showy letters around the parapet,
announcing the New York Theatre. It chiefly depends on
pieces called " Transpontine." The melo-drama, at pro-
sent attracting a largo audience, is entaled " Under the
Gas-light." The "Sensation" is a horrible villain, who binds
a poor wretch across the rails, and the noise of the coming

,rain excites tho greatest anguish, when a woman appears as

the deliverer. The house in which Madame Ristoripeiformed
is the French Theatre, in a fashionable district out of the
Broadway line. Madame Ristori created a furore in New
York, and her return is eagerly awaited. Mr. J. Jefferson,
whose Rip Van Winkle, at the Adelphi, was considered
one of the finest delineations ever seen in London, is now
at the New York Olympic, where he draws crowded
houses. A like good fortune attends Mr. Forrest at the
Broadway Theatre. In New York his best parts are con-
sidered to be Virginius, Richelieu, and Damon. Long-for-
gotten in England, "Damon and Pythias" remains an ever-
green in America. Tho Astor Place Opera House, now
converted into the mercantile library, is still pointed out
as the scene of the Macready riot, said to have emanated
from the cool reception the American star met at the
Princess's in Oxford-street. The writer doubts whether,
with the exception of Mr. Charles Kean, then
is now upon the English stage a tragedian
worthy to hold a candle to Mr. Forrest. "He is not over-
refined, and he rather makes points than grasps entire
characters. But his power is great, he is a conscientious
artist, and in the New World he stands as almost the last
representative of that old English school which was re-
garded as perfect before the age of ultra-realism began,
and miniature accuracy on a miniature scale was regarded
as the ultima Mule of histrionic art." Although little of the
antique enters into the American element the writer ob-
serves :—" But English history is more loved here than it
is among the most patriotic Britishers, especially that por-
' tion which precedes the quarrel between the mother coun-
try and the colonies. To the American Queen Elizabeth
and Mary Stuart are classical figures, ryresentatives
of his own ancestry; and when the former brandishes
the sword of Enrico Ottavo' to confront Philip 11.,
the claptrap is more telling in New York than it would be
in London. It is the cause of the Anglo-Saxon against the
Spaniard, contested before the time when the Atiglo-Saxon
split up into two factions. "Richard III.," once so popular
in England, has altogether dropped there, and it is pleasant
to observe the zeal with which New Yorkers flock to wit-
ness and applaud Mr. Edwin Forrest's impersonation of
the crook-backed tyrant at the Broadway Theatre. " There
is all the old traditional business, executed with unfading
energy and power, and the accessories are all in that old-
fashioned style in which every illusion, save that produced
by the principal actors, is eschewed altogether. Those
devices by which Mr. Charles Kean contrived to make
the boards look as if they were trodden by real armies
are wholly unknown, and half a dozen men-at-
arms, intended to represent hundreds, appeal to the
imagination only, without any attempt to appear more
numerous to the physical eye. As far as decorations are
concerned, things are in that palmy' state of which so
much is talked by veteran legitimists, but which always
fails miserably when its restoration is effected."
According to the writer, the adequate performance of
subordinate parts is not to be found on the New York
stage whore the "star" system prevails. " People go to
see one principal actor, and nothing more. That the
Americans love good acting there is no doubt, but they
are content to find it in the one particular artist who holds
the highest place. I am told, however, that my opinion
on this subject would bo modified if I witnessed the per-
formance of a legitimate comedy by the regular company
at Wallack's, whose activity will not commence till
towards the end of this month. I deem it but fair to state
this fact, as I fear I shall not stay long enough to ascertain
whether my present impression is correct or not."

"Gorgeous decorations, though not found necessary for
the enjoyment of the poetical drama, are, nevertheless,
highly reliehod by the Antericane; and i have already ram.

tioned the instance of the fantastic drama " Black Crook,"
which, on the strength of scenery and dancing alone, has
attracted crowds to Niblo's for more than 100 nights, and
even now gives no signs of mortality. But the best scones
of "Black Crook" carno from England, and generally the
scenic artists of America aro not even remotely comparable
to those of London. The drop scones for the most part
are very crude specimens of art, nor do I anywhere find a
trace of thetalent which is so conspicuous in our Boverley,
Telbin, Calcott, and Fenton."
The houses in New York look largo to the Londoner
accustomed to those pretty little band-boxes which afford
such delight in the old country, and who no longer takes
for his standard the dimensions of Drury-lane. Notwith-
standing the success of Mr. Robertson's " Caste," the
writer considers that Americans do not like the represen-
tations of the short comedies prevailing in the smaller
London theatres ; the habits of the people oven present a
serious impediment to the formation of a programme com-
posed of several small pieces. None of the theatres open
before 8 o'clock, and they all close at 11, which would not
give time for three pieces to come within the prescribed
limits unless too short to be of value. At almost all the
theatres on Saturday morning, performances called Ma-
tinees, commence at half-past two, and in Barnum's Museum
there are two performances every day. " 1 may
here mention," concludes the writer, in allusion to
the liquor laws of the United States, a droll instaace
of a dramatic joke answering a purpose which the author
never intended. In Mr. Robertson's "Caste" the drunken old
plebeian is advised to retire to Jersey, and there drink
himself to death, reference being, of course, to the absence
of Customs laws in the Channel Islands. As the privileges
of these islands do not greatly occupy the mind of the
Britishers, the wholesonii-counsel did not produce much
effect at the Prince of Wales's ; but when the piece was
brought out at the Broadway the smart American instantly
applied the passage to New Jersey, and the roar was louder
than at any other line of the comedy

TIIE GREAT REPUBLIC GOLD AND SILVER
XINING COMPANY.

The bonds offered by the Great Republic Gold
and Silver Mining Company have some points worth
the careful attention of investors. They combine a
good solid security for a high interest, with a pleas-
ing prospective or speculative gain, which men
generally can only procure by risking the total loss
of the money invested. If bonds for £lOO be given
for £6O, on which 7 per cent. is payable in London,
half-yearly, such an investment, if the security be
good, is sufficiently attractive. But the real in-
ducement to take up these bonds does not lie in this.
We have no hesitation in asserting that the most
splendid prizes offered to the world are in the mines
of Nevada. Scores of then are yielding fabulous
returns for the capital employed. Whatever may
be the merits of the Great Republic, it is situated
in the very core of this wealthy mineral country.
A celebrated mining engineer asserts that the geolo-
gical formation is far in favour of the Manhattan and
the Peak, and the result shows that the capital ex-
pended, has in the space of three months given a
dividend which excels the Comstock in its palmiest
days. Our readers know what that dividend is. If
the Great Republic can approach the mines of the
Comstock—for every £lOO the investor should re-
ceive £5OO a year. There is no reason why this com-
pany should not return as good dividends. Thus
the bondholders may eventually secure an
enormous prize, for them is a clause in the
contract offered by which they may convert
their bonds into shares at any time within
three years upon application to the trustees, re-
ceiving the shares at par. By taking up the
bonds they incur no risks, but if the mine turns
out to be as rich as reported the holders may drop
into a prize they little anticipated. Our sources
of information show it to be beyond question that
the State of Nevada is WI richest silver country
of the world. The Reese River district is among
the most famous, and the Smoky Valley is now
exciting great interest in the mining regions from
its enormous wealth. Austin, the second city of
the State, stands to the east of Reese River Valley,
and is the rapidly4rczw.,ing..9,etrnpolia..zf the rich ,
mining country where it is so well placed. The
direction of the hills is in parallel lines, running
north and south, and the roads trending through
the vallies join at Austin. The Reese River Valley,
for instance, maintains a generally parallel direc-
tion with the Smoky Valley and that with the Ral-
ston Valley. The Manhattan district is situated on
the eastern range of the Smoky Valley, about 75
, miles south of Austin. The road runs up the valley,
passing by several mines, till it reaches Manhattan
District, when a branch road joins through the
Asteroid " Canon," as the vales are termed in
Nevada, which road penetrates the Great Republic
Gold and Silver Mining property. The whole State
is healthy, the Indians few in number and quite
harmless. They belong to the Shoshone tribe, and
do not exceed 800, scattered over a wide area, of
which Austin is the centre. Most of the ore in the
country round Austin is reduced in the quartz mills
of that city, of which there are seven constantly at
work. As the ore increases in quantity and
the more distant mines are developed mills
have been erected over the district, several
are in course of construction, and some completed
in the Smoky Valley. The yield of silver per ton
from the Austin quartz mills is from $lOO to $6OO,
the average being at least, according to the last
accounts, $2OO. The cost of extracting ores in that
region varies widely, being dependent on the body
contained in the mine and the facilities for reaching
it. Ore is delivered at Austin as low as $8 to $lO
per ton, and as high as $25 to $3O, averaging about
$l5. From 43 ledges in the immediate neighbour-
hood 1,451 tons of ore were reduced during the
first quarter of the present year, from which the
lowest yield was $36 44c., and the highest
$520 05c. per ton, the average being $170; a con-
siderable increase on the yield given by the ores
during the preceding quarter, and showing a ten-
dency to increase in richness in proportion to the
depth. The shipment of bullion for the first quarter
of the year from Austin through public channels
amounted to $389,307, which would be very largely
increased if the sums conveyed through private
hands were added. Labour throughout the States
commands from $4 to $6 a day without board, and
in the Reese River district., where the demand is
large, to develops the vast mineral wealth, it ranges
even higher. The country is volcanic, hot springs
abounding, emitting steam and sulphurous vapour.
The plains stretch in monotonous, dry, and sage-
covered valleys, with parallel mountains covered with
the same vegetation, and differing only in their
rock formation. This changes from the strata of
slate, granite, syenite, and marble, to the volcanic
rocks of scoria and trachyte. The whole country
through the Smoky Valley and Cbarnock's Pass,
and to Hot Creek mining district, 100 miles south
east from Austin, is fabulously rich in silver ore ;
even the surface yield, in some instances, ranging
fram $3,000 to $12,000 per ton. As far as explored
Horn silver or native chloride of silver is the predo-
minating ore at the surface. The country round
is the core of the very richest silver region ever dis-
covered. The famous mines of South America and
Mexico sink into insignificance when brought into
comparison.

The e Mining Journal of Saturday last has the fol-
lowing remarks on this property :—" As observed
in last week's Journal, the Great Republic Gold and
Silver Mining Company have some of the most
valuable mines in Nevada, and it is fully antici-
pated that their mines will pay dividends equal to
the best in that country. That silver mines are
paying, that legitimate investments may be made in
them, there is no question, and the bonds of this
company are offered as a safe and profitable invest-
ment. The arrangements for the payment of the
interest upon the issue of £lOO,OOO 7 per cent. bonds
is such as to secure their prompt payment ; there is
also the option to the holders of converting their
bonds into fully paid-up shares, at $5 to the pound,
while the bonds are issued at 60 per cent., equivalent
to the fully paid-up shares, costing but $3 per
pound upon their value. The bondholders not only
hold the entire mining property of the company,
but all the machinery, reduction works, and deve-
lopments which are to be made from the sale of the
bonds as a security for the loan."
In speaking of the security, the Morning Post

observes :—" The payment of each bona =s amply
secured by a deed of trust, or mortgage from the
company, conveying all the property the 3 r now own,
or may hereafter acquire, including all 'Ole machi-
nery, fixtures, land, and property of eve-. 7 kind and
description, which fact is fully set forth in the body
of the bonds, and endorsed thereon by the trustee.
There can be no risk to the investor, as the property
now owned by the company free and unencumbered
by any other debt is more than sufficient to pay the
entire loan."

The Standard says, " The company, knowing the
advantage of working all their mines at the same
time, have issued bonds payable in six years from
their date, and drawing 7 per cent. interest, payable
semi-annually, for the purpose of meeting the
necessary large expense in procuring machinery and
transporting the same to the mines."

The following summary of the report on the lodes
is given by the Mining fournal:—" The mines
have been inspected and reported upon by Mr. W.
M. Murray, mining engineer, and by Professor J.
E. Clayton, the report of each of these gentlemen
being appended to the prospectus. Mr. Murray re-
ports Manhattan to contain a vein of black an-
timonial ore five feet thick, assaying from
$53.69 to $270 ; Cherokee, a vein seven feet
thick, ore sulphuret of copper holding gold, assay-
ing $45.23 to $308.63; Choctaw, a vein 6' feet
thick, sulphoid of silver, assaying $29.63 to
$196.23; Seneca, a vein 15 ft. wide, ore sulphuret
of silver (this vein is described as well defined, and
cropping out for 1,000 feet), assaying from $63 to
$372 ; and Wyoming, a vein 5 ft. thick, showing
free gold, and assaying from $94.13 to $516. Mr.
Murray considers that " this district when deve-
loped will far exceed Silver Peak, in the said county.
My reasons for making this statement will be plain
to all who may visit either—the geological forma-
tion is far in favour of the Manhattan, and the
Peak, considering the capital expended, has in the
space of three months given a dividend which ex-
cels the Comstock in its palmiest days." Professor
J. E. Clayton reports that he has traced one vein
that is from 6 to 15 feet thick, well defined, good
true walls, and crops out boldly for about 1,000
feet in length ; he made some tests of the ore that
yielded over $2OO per ton. This is a good silver-
bearing district, the veins contain a great deal of
horn silver, and compact chloride ore in great quan-
tity, which can be easily extracted from these mines.
The supply of wood and water is convenient, and
sufficient for all practical purposes. The district is
easily accessible by a good road."
Our work as American journalists throws in our
way information in advance of the English public
on these subjects, and we are satisfied that the
wealth of Nevada and some of the adjoin ing States
and territories is so • enormous, the facilities by
which it can be reached are so rapidly completing,
that the drift of British capital cannot fail to
tend soon in that direction, and those who are early
in the field will, we feel sure, reap the reward of
their enterprise.—Anglo-American Times.

STARTLING DISCOVERY IN STAFFORD-

SHIRE.

An extraordinary discovery has just been made in
a remote part of Staffordshire. That county at its
west-south-west extremity projects out, thrusts
itself by a narrow neck some half dozen miles in
length by two miles in breadth at its widest part
between Shropshire on the north-west and Worces-
tershire on the south-east, and at its west-south-
west it is crossed by the Severn, which at that
point only touches Staffordshire on its way from
Shropshire into Worcestershire. The extremity of
this tract of land is a wild territory, composed chiefly
of two rude coppices, belonging the one to Mr.
Woodward, a Liverpool merchant, but a magistrate
o€--Staffordshire, who resides at Areley Castle; nob
far off, and the other to the Earl of Dudley, and
Bewdley Forest joins up to the coppices.
At a remote period mining was carried on
throughout the tract of land now used for the growth
of underwood, but so little ar3 the traces of mining
operations visible that neither Mr. Woodward nor his
steward knew that there were any pit shafts in their
coppice. There are, however, several there, though
they are scarcely visible by reason of the thickness
of the underwood, by which they are alike over-
grown and surrounded. One of these shafts, situate
so near to the extreme west-south-west point as to
be within 20 yards of the parish of Stottesden, in
Shropshire, is now revealing dark deeds years ago
committed.

Some charcoal burners were at work there, and,
wanting water, obtained it from this pit shaft,
which, however, they conceived was the evidence
merely of scale open workings that had once been
used in the getting of coal, for they did not think
that it was more than Gft. deep. The land had
drained into it, and for some time thPy obtained an
abundant supply. Presently, getting near to what
they thought was the bottom, they brought up in
their bucket a portion of the sleeve of a woman's
nightdress. Searching further they brought up a
guano bag, and in it the corpse of an infant, which
fell to pieces when the bag was opened. The body
had been wrapped in the nightgown, and to the bag
a brick bad been tied. The brick also was recovered,
but not the string which had tied it by which there
is evidence it had been tied to the bag.
The police were communicated with and an in-
quest opened before Mr. W. H. Philips, Deputy
Coroner for that part of Staffordshire. The re-
mains had been submitted to Dr. Holyoake, of
Kinver, and he pronounced them those of a full
grown child, which had been in the water perhaps
18 months. More than this he could not say. The
state of decomposition in which the body was found
precluded all possibility of arriving at the cause of
death. The Deputy Coroner adjourned the inquest,
and ordered a further search of the pit to be made,
and if necessary, the pit to be drained. Mr. Wood-
ward lent men to carry out the coroner's instruc-
tions. They had scarcely set to work before they
found that their task was not only laborious, but
also a most offensive one. The water was shock-
ingly polluted, and stimulants had to be served out
frequently to keep the searchers at work. That it
was so polluted they soon ascertained there was no
great cause for surprise. Among a quantity of
filthy animal and earthly matter in which were
many branches of trees that appeared to form the
bottom of the pit they raked the bones of a second
infant, some of them blackened and othersblanched.
This body had evidently been there a much longer '
time than the one first discovered, for not only were
there no traces of flesh, but also no clothing in
which the body might have been wrapped could be
traced.

Still prosecuting their search, portions of a third
body were found deeper in the apparent bottom of
the pit before described. These remains, too, were
fleshless ; and they were those, Dr. Holyoake pro-
nounces, of a boy quite six years old. He poor
fellow, there can be very little doubt, was foully
murdered. His legs had been tied together about
the ankles so tightly that the cord remained fast
even after the flesh had all wasted away. So
tightly, indeed, was the cord still fast to the bones
that when the cord was held up in the middle the
bones dangled securely at either end. Excepting
the skull, nearly all the bones of this body were
found, and they are now in the possession of Dr.
Holyoake.
The searchers had scarcely made the discovery of
the third body Lefore they found that there were at
least 14 feet of water below the apparent bottom
upon which the remains described had long lain
buried. Branches of trees had fallen into the pit,
so large in size •and in so much profusion, that
coupled with the silting of the surface drainage,
and combined with the decayed animal miter--
for, in addition to the human remains described,
the searchers found also the skull of a dog- —had
gone to make up what at one time appeared to be a
solid bottom.

Effort 3 have been made to drain the tslaaft,

they have been unsuccessful, and it is believed that
this will not be accomplished without the help of a
steam pump. That even when the 14ft., now risen
to 20ft. by reason of the surface drainage having
continued to pour in, has been emptied the real
bottom of the shaft will be reached is open to
doubt, for the- old inhabitants of Upper Areley,
which is the nearest village, and is a mile and a
half away, talk of the pit as having in their-child-
hood the reputation of being 100 yards deep. No
one, however, has any recollection of the pit being
in work, and the only record of mining haling been
practised there is to be found in the parish books,
where there is an entry of certain mines in the
parish of Areley, in which the coppice is situated,
being rated.

The locality has always borne a bad name, be-
cause of the alleged lawlessness of the people who
used to inhabit it either as fixed residents or as
squatters; and strange tales are told of dark deeds
whispered to have been done both in the coppices
and in the adjoining wood. So far as the revela-
tions already made by the searching of this pit
shaft go they would seem to be not altogether
groundless. The nearest plate of abode is the
Holmes Farm, about 100 yards away ; the next
nearest place where people live is 300 yards off,
where there are three cottages, near to the Bewdley
and Cleobury Mortimer road.

THE APPROACHING PRESIDENTIAL

ELECTION.

The following letter has been addressed to the
Editor of the Anglo-American Times :
SIR, —ln the United States all parties are ROW
looking forward to the Presidential election. Can-
didates are being placed in the balances. The state
of public sentiment and the popularity of men and
measures are being discussed. Movements, now
deliberate and slow, will gradually increase in
power, directness, and rapidity. When the smith
commences heating his iron he takes time. He
thrusts it into the forge, works a little at the bellows,
sprinkles a little water on the ashes, works again at
the bellows, and again, as the blue flame ascends,
stirs the ashes. But how changed is his course
when the iron is at a white heat ! How quickly
does he seize it and fling it on the anvil ! With
what force, directness, and rapidity his blows
descend When the iron is hot, time is power.
The public mind in America is becoming warm
on the Presidential question. The white heat state
will be when the Conventions meet to nominate
candidates for the office. Their every nerve will be
strained and every effort put forth.

The earlier American Presidents were chosen
because they stood by the people in their struggle
for independence—because they had evinced the
qualifications of leaders in the day " that tried
men's souls," and because they " made a nation."
The non-existing party machinery of County, State,
and National Conventions had not then been
framed. John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, after
filling respectively the office of Vice-Presidents,
were chosen Presidents; while Madison, Monroe,
and John Quincy Adams were respectively ap-
pointed to the office of Secretary of State, and then
elected to the highest office in the gift of the people.
So that to be appointed Secretary of State then was
equivalent to a nomination for the President's office
at the next election. Previous to 1824 the members of
Congress usually consulted together and recom-
mended a suitable candidate for President. This for a
time was successful; but in 1824 the members of Con-
gress were divided. One party recommended Mr.
Crawford, the other party opposed his nomination,
and, owing to this division, the plan was abandoned
of Congress recommending candidates.
Then came the period of conventions. Party
,nominations_were made by conventions of delegates
from all the States. At first they w,prked well, re-
flecting the will of the people. But a rule was in-
vented that no one should be nominated unless two-
thirds of the members of the convention approved
of him. This enabled the minority to control the
majority, and proved of immense service to the
slave party. To manage the convention was to
rule the country, for so strong was party discipline
that whoever was nominated was certain to receive
the votes of the party represented.
The adoption of the two-thirds rule changed the
current of events. The majority of the Democrat
Convention that assembled in 1844 was pledged to
support Van Buren for President. Yet by the
working of the aboVe rule Polk received the nomi-
nation. The war with Mexico followed, and all the
other evils arising from the attempt to extend
slavery, including the secession and the rebellion.
The rule enabled a minority to accomplish its pur-
pose by intrigue and indirection. Men distin-
guished for their ability, such as Van Buren, Cass,
Wright, and Douglas, were superseded by men dis-
tinguished for their inability, such as Pierce and
Buchanan. The rule was a weapon with which the
ambitious but unsuccessful politician could strike
down his more successful competitor. Strong-
minded men could obtain a vote of the majority,
but not two-thirds of a convention, and when a
division took place political nobodies were brought
forward professedly to make peace and secure unity,
but really to serve the slaveholders.
The election of Mr. Lincoln was the result of a
division in the Democratic convention in 1860.
Had the convention been united and nominated
Senator Douglass, the numbers and discipline of
the party would have secured bis election as
President.

Treaties and laws are affected by the popular
sentiment of the place where they are made, and
this is equally true of nominating conventions.
With but few exceptions the pro-slavery and slave-
holding Presidents were nominated by conventions
meeting in the Slave States, while the anti-slavery
candidates for President were, without exception,
nominated in the Free States, and never by a two-
thirds rule, but always by a inajority vote.
It may be observed that a Convention assembling
in the West would be more likely to select a
Western than an Eastern man as candidate, and an
Eastern Convention would prefer an Eastern man.
My own impressions are that if in 1860 the Repub-
lican Convention had met in New York instead of
Illinois, Mr. Seward, an Eastern man, would have
been nominated instead of Mr. Lincoln.
That the people at the approaching elections will
make a wise choice I fully believe. The earlier
Presidents were distinguished men, but when the
electors trusted to slaveholders and party machinery
they were rewarded with weak Presidents. The
power, however, of the next President will mate-
rially depend on the state of the public mind, and I
think the tendency of the discussions preparatory to
the election will spread knowledge, remove preju-
dice, promote justice, and bring all parties nearer
together.
At no period did the anti-slavery cause make
such progress as on the eve of a Presidential election.
Anti-slavery nominations were made, and the ablest
speakers travelled through the North, and in their
addresses reviewed the whole history of the Govern-
ment, and the whole influence of slavery. On such
an occasion I once heard ex-Governor Slade speak
five hours. It was in Vermont. There was a short
intermission during the period. The people followed
him in his facts and arguments with the keenest
interest, and by his appeals were aroused against
slavery. There are now four parties--two in the
North and two in the South. In the former the
Republicans and the Democrats ; in the latter
the White Man's party and the Justice-to-
All Party. The Republicans have a strong
case ; the Democrats a weak one. The for-
mer will bo able to show that they are
reducing to practice the principles announced
in the Declaration of Independence. What
can the Democrat say in opposition to this ?
lie
will be twice beaten, first in discussion, and then at
the ballot-box.
In the South, too, now, there is happily an in-