The Sun.
London, England, 1867-10-07 00:00:00

Miscellaneous Foreign News.

A letter from Rome, dated Sept. 27, says :
Since my last communication very important
events have occurred here. On the 20th inst. the
Pope held a Consistory, as you are aware. The
Allocution was not published till the 25th inst., but
without the letter of Maximilian, which the Pope,
however, read to the assembled cardinals. This
letter will probably never be published. It will be
kept in the office of the Secret Archives, as was
the case with the letter of the Czar Paul informing
the Pope that he had embraced Catholicism. This
office contains also very many other remarkable
State papers. It is said that in his letter the Em-
peror Maximilian asks pardon of the Pope for
having followed the counsels of the Emperor
Napoleon in preference to those of the Holy See,
in the regulation of the religious affairs of
Mexico.

The Cardinal de Angelis, the new Camerlingo of
the Church, has just been installed. The office
and duties of the Cardinal Camerlingo, while the
See is occupied, retain but a shadow of their
former importance, the institution of the various
Ministries having in many ways modified them.
This dignitary, however, still presides over the
Tribunal of the Apostolic Chamber (camera is low
Latin for treasury), which has jurisdiction in all
matters concerning the Treasury. When the See
is vacant the Camerlingo becomes the most im-
portant State functionary. He has to certify the
death of the Pope, striking him gently on the
head with a silver mace. He then takes possession
of the Fisherman's Ring, which is different for each
Pope, and gives an order for its being broken.
Finally, he notifies the death of the Pope to the
Senator of Rome, who announces it to the city by
tolling the great bell of the Capitol. He convokes
and presides at the Conclave. During the whole
time the See is vacant, the coins are struck
bearing the arms of the Camerlingo, the Swiss
Guards providing the sentinels at the gates of his
own palace.
His Eminence the Cardinal di Pietro will be
installed next week in the See of Albano.
Missionaries from the far East have recently had
an audience, and conferred with the Holy Father
on the state of Catholicism in these distant
regions.

On the same day the Consistory was held ;the
cab-drivers of the city struck work, the new fares
which had recently been fixed not satisfying them.
It is, however, a very fair scale. There are at
Rome about 1,200 public carriages, belonging
almost entirely to masters who give to the drivers
10 per cent. on the netreceipts. Some few are
owned by the drivers themselves. About 800 of
the 1,200 drivers refused to harness, and threatened
to kill those who did so ; and, further, they cut the
traces of the omnibus that the public might be
forced to go on foot. Hereupon the patrols of the
gendarmes and of the troops gave protection to
omnibus and cabs which defied the threats of the
rioters, and arrested about 200 of them. One
hundred and forty have been sent to prison for
two months, and are kept every two days on bread
and water. Sixty more, all Neapolitan refugees,
have been expelled from the Papal States.
But matters of a much more important character
have since happened. It had been said on the 22d
instant that the attack of the Garibaldians on the
Papal territory was, probably, fixed to begin on the
29th, but as this had so often been asserted, no one
put any faith in the rumours. However, on the
22nd instant it was well known that the Italian
troops were constantly on the move, and that they
had arrested and sent to their respective homes a
quantity of young men whom they had come up
with near the Papal frontiers. Previous to this
the Italian Government, menaced by the Emperor
Napoleon with another French intervention in the
Papal States, had promised, at all hazards, to arrest
Garibaldi. Hence the article published on the 21st
in the Gazetta Officials as a warning to the Gari-
baldians. In the evening of the 22d the arrest of
Garibaldi was determined on at Florence, and this
fact was known both at Paris and at Rome, for
Mgr. Chigi had telegraphed to Cardinal Antonelli,
"If Garibaldi advances to the Papal frontiers, he
will be arrested by the Italian troops, or 15,000
French troops will be embarked at Toulon for
Civita Vecchia. In the Vatican no alarm was
entertained.

On the 23rd the Italian troops continued making
arrests; all persons they found with arms were
delivered over to the gendarmerie ; the rest, all
whom they judged to be volunteers in the pay of
Garibaldi, were ordered to return to their respective
countries. Having surprised twenty- seven Roman
" emigres" near Orbetello, and not knowing how
to dispose of them, they handed them over on the
frontiers to the Papal gendarmes, who escorted
them immediately to Rome, where they are now
confined. The same day the police announced
from Viterbo and Venetia the arrival of Garibal-
dian agents, both foreigners and Roman subjects,
whom the police had discovered engaged in prepa-
rations for an insurrection on the 25th instant.
They also are in prison. You will very easily
understand that neither the volunteers, whom the
Italians arrested, nor the Garibaldian agents the
Papal troops carried off within the frontiers, had
any serious chance of success. The former were
neither in sufficient force nor well trained enough
to defeat the Papal troops (even supposing the
Italian troops did not do their duty). The latter
would never have succeeded in causing the peace-
loving population of the Papal States to revolt.
It is said that Garibaldi had collected a force of
3,000 volunteers. One band was to have landed
on the coast near Corne to, a second was to hale
entered by way of Acquapendente, and a third
near Subiaco. But these 3,000 men would not be
any match for a force of 1,000 well-armed and
well-drilled soldiers. In short, the whole thing was
a ridiculous undertaking—so much so that the
Giornale di Roma has not taken any notice of it.
I am of opinion that the Italian troops would
have done their duty if theyhfauidl
ecfomaredueupr,wbiutht
Garibaldi and his volunteers. But, as it is, not a
shot was fired. Our troops were
calm. General Kanzler had made his dispositions
so as to be able to concentrate in a few hours on

'the points menaced. Orders had been given to
the outlying posts not to await the attack of the
Garibaldians on the frontiers, but to fall back on
the principal towns, and to show front to the
invaders before the walls of these towns. The
population of Rome did not manifest any sym-
pathy; but our Zouaves are furious at thus losing
the opportunity of being pitted against the Gari-
baldians.
The cholera continues to abate.

The Round Table says " Mr. John F. Maguire,
M.P., has in the press ' The Irish in America.'
" Mr. Edmund Yates, the Flaneur' of the
Morning Star, resigns that positiun in consequence of 'the
pressure of work of a different kind.'
" Baltimore is to give us, from the Ist October,
'Southern Society: a Weekly Journal of Literature,
Society, and Art.' Tho field for a journal of this
character in the South is a large ono, and one which we
should be glad to see creditably occupied. The promises
made by the projectors of the now enterprise are ample.
Messrs. 'William Gilmore Simms and John Mitchel aro to
bo among the editorial writers; among the definitely an-
nounced contributors are John Esten Cooke, Paul H.
Hayne, John R. Thompson, and of ladies, the authors of
' Emily Chester' and of 'Somebody's Darling' (?), Miss
Emily V. Mason, Mrs. Fanny Downing, together with
some whose names are less known to us ; while contribu-
tions are 'expected' from, among others, Miss Augusta
J. Evans, Albert Taylor Bledsoe, LL.D., Mrs. Margaret J.
Preston, Henry Timrod, Hon. A. J. Requier, Mrs. Anna
Cora Ritchie, George Frederick Holmes, LL.D., Henry L.
Flash, Mrs. George H. Calvert, Sidney Lanier, J. Wood
Davidson, and James Barron Hope. The list of "fea-
tures" promised, althfugh politics arc, perhaps prudently,
excluded, is dangerously large, and, we regret to see, includes
what is apt to be an element of weakness and degeneracy,
thus set forth :—"The story, the essay, the poem, the
Criticism, the sketch, the anecdote—these are what people