The Sun.
London, England, 1858-11-19 00:00:00

IMPROVEMENTS IN NEWG.,ITE.

The public is aware, that the corporation of the
city of London some time back voted a considerable
sum of money for the purpose of remodelling a por-
tion of the gaol of Newgate, and carrying out the
separate system of confinement, with a view to
remedy the dreadful evils that resulted from the
prisoners associating with each other in the dif-
ferent wards, and thus enabling old and hardened
offenders too frequently to contaminate those with
whom they . came into contact who were as yet
young in crime. Under the old system, forgers,
burglars, highway robbers and, indeed, all classes
of offenders, were associated together • and, accord-
ing to the evidence of the officers of the prison, their
principal amusement was in narrating to each other
the crimes they had committed and devising fresh
schemes of plunder ; and, from the nature of the
building, it was absolutely impossible for the offi-
cials of the gaol effectually to put a stop to those
proceedings. A shortdescription of the alterations
that have been made in the prison and which have j ust
been completed, willnofperhaps be uninteresting to
the public. The part of the prison that has been
operated upon is what was originally called the
old north side, extending from the Old Bailey to
the east, and within the two external walls 132
cells have been constructed for the reception of
prisoners before and after trial, and two which are
called condemned cells. The entrance in the Old
Bailey just above the governor's residence was made
under the authority of. Captain Williams, the late
assistant-inspector of prisons, the object being to
enable the van containing prisoners that were
brought to the gaol to be drawn inside the building.
This was very much objected to by the gaol officials,
as it was considered that it would have the effect
of exposing the entire interior of the prison, and
was objectionable in many respects, and particu-
larly with regard to the safety of the prisoners,
and this entrance consequently has never been
made use of. The new cells are erected upon five
different corridors, known as A, B, C, D, and E,
which are built one over another, and extend down
each side of the building. A long row of neat and
strong iron railings extends the whole length of
each corridor, and the whole are connected by
flights of.irate steps. This work was delivered up
in what is called " a rough state" by the contractors;
and the tivhole of the cells, staircases, and walls
have since been painted and whitewashed by the
prisoneit 'the flooring of the corridors and the
cells is of asphalte, and the whole building presents
a most beautifully clean appearance. On the base-
ment floor there are six reception cells, in which
every prisoner brought to the gaol is placed until he
is seen and examined by the surgeon, and he is not
allowed to be placed in his class until it is ascertained
that he is in a state of health and cleanliness to allow
of this being done with safety. On this floor there are
also bath-rooms amply supplied with hot and cold
water, and also a steam apprratus for supply-
ing the whole of this portion of the prison
with hot air. There are also some " punishment
cells," as they are termed, but they are made upon
exactly the same principle as the others, with this
difference, that they are dark. It apperrs, however,
that since the alteration that has been made in the
prison, and the prisoners no longer having :an
opportunity of contaminating each other, their con-
duct has so much improved that it has only been
found necessary to make use of the punishment cell
upon one occasion, and that was in the case of a
very notorious thief and bad character, who, after
repeated acts of insubordination, was placed in the
cell for a short time, and this had the desired effect.
The prisoners are classed in the following manner :
—The A corridor is appropriated to the reception of
boys and remanded prisoners, the B corridor to
convicts under sentence and awaiting the orders of
the Government for their removal, the C corridor
to prisoners who are known thieves, the D corridor
to prisoners who are not known to have been in
prison before, and the E corridor to prisoners
charged with misdemeanour. Every cell is 12ft.
long, 7ft. wide, and about 9ft. high. The prisoners
sleep in hammocks which at night arc strapped
across the cell, and during the day are neatly folded
up with the bedding, which consists of a mattress,
two 'sheets, two blankets, and a rug, and placed
upon shelves appropriated to their reception. Each
cell also contains a water-closet, and every conve-
nience for washing and cleanliness. Warm air is
forced in from the steam apparatus through a grat-
ing on the top of the cell, and there is another grat-
ing on the opposite side, by which the external air
is admitted, and the prisoner has the. power of regu-
lating the temperature -of his cell by closing or
opening this grating at his pleasure. Each pri-
soner is allowed upwards of 12 gallons of water per
day. This is supplied from large tanks placed at the
top of the prison, which are divided into separate
compartments, each holding that quantity of water,
and which has a separate connexion with every cell.
The prisoners in the different classes are visited
every morning, and also at intervals during the day
by Mr. Weatherhead, the Governor of the gaol; the
Rev. Mr. Davis, the Ordinary ; and the surgeon
or his assistant, and also by the principal warders;
and if a prisoner has a necessity for assistance of
any kind, he has only to turn a handle in his cell,
which strikes a gong, and at the same instant a
ticket with the name of the corridor and the num-
ber of the cell flies out, and the officer on duty sees
at once where his attention is required, the whole
of the corridors and the exterior of all the cells
being, from the formition of the building, within
his view. The usual employment of the prisoners
is that of picking oakum, but they are also required
to clean their several corridors and cells. A great
many of them, however, at their own request, have
been employed in working at painting, whitewash-
ing, &c, and for this they receive an additional
allowance of food. The operations of the prison
are conducted in perfect silence, and the change
appears hitherto to have been attended with the
most beneficial results, old thieves, it is stated, in
particular, appearing to have a great dread of being
shut up by themselves, and they express them-
selves ready, to perform any kind of labour that
may be required of them rather than endure the
monotony of separate confinement. The cost of
the alterations that have been made is about
£15,000.

GOVERNMENT EMrGRATION.--The Government
Emigrant, ship Vocalist, 1,001 tons, Captain fFlett, sailed
from Liverpool, on Tuesday, the'l6th inst., for Algoa Bay,
Cape of Good Hope, in charge of Surgeon-Superintendent
Patrick Culbane, with 59 married couples, 92 single men,
81 single women, 49 boys between the ages of 1 and 12, 58
girls between the same ages, 6 male infants, and 6 female,
making a total of 413 souls, equal to 347} statute adults.
The emigrants who embarked in this vessel were selected
by the Hon. William Field, the Emigration Commissioner
for the Cape of Good Hope. Her Majesty's Emigration
Commissioners have given notice of their intention to re-
ceive tenders next Thursday, the 25th inst., for ships to
proceed'to Melbourne, Victoria, and to Sydney, New South
Wales, to be ready for the reception of passengers on such
days as the commissioners may appoint between the Ist and
15th of January.
ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS.—The following
members of the college having undergone the necessary v.-
aminationP. were admitted licentiates in midwifery at a
meeting of the board on the 17th inst. :—Messi a. William
Edwin Grindley Pearse, Marsham-street, Westminster;
Frederick Dumaresque Ross, G uildford, Surrey; 'George
Frederick Spry, Cheltenham ; Frederick John Mason,
Wisbeach, Cambridgeshire ; Henry James Lloyd,
IT?"
ington-place ; Matthew Blackman, Ramsgate;
_ C es.
Wortham Pearce, Peterborough ; George Cowell,
.Ipswicli
William Paul Swain, Devonport ; Thomas Bowling, B.r
Vilson
mingham ; William Freeman, New York ;
Simcoe, Canada West ; Henry Debord Wjoard, Nsßly.th;
Northumberland ; Alexander John Bama.nno_ quire,
York-gate, Reg( n' ..ark; and Charles Richard Cutmc •
St. Mary's Hospital.
[AnvEurrisrmENT.lb— Holloway's Ointment and Pills
have been used freely y millions of human beings of both
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ordinary cures, in a vast variety of diseases (such as indi-
gestion, scorbutic eruptions, and liver complaints), there is
not on public record a single case in which their use has
been attended with bad effect. None, when using Hollo-
way's Ointment and Pills, need suffer the hope of cure to be
counterbalanced by the fear of injury. They are peculiarly
mild in their operation, and yet they never fail to give
im-
mediate
relief, and sooner er later to effect a complete and
peru swat cure, .

MIDDLESEX SESSIONS, Nov. 18.

The Court sat to-day at Westminster to hear an
apprentice appeal. 11r. Pownall presided, and. Mr.
Simpson, Mr. H. Wyatt, and Mr. H. Maude were
on the bench.

In the Second Court, before Mr. Payne, on Weil.-
nesday, Alfred Robert Baddeley surrendered, and
was tried on a charge of assaulting Thos. Morgan .
Mr. Sleigh and Mr. F. H. Lewis were for the
prosecution; Mr. Horry for the defendant.
This case arose out of a distraint. The prosecutor
was the agent of a Mr. Gower, and distrained upon
one Walsh, who lived in Rotherfield-street, New
North-road. The defendant, it was alleged, went
to the house on the 30th Sept., with three or four
men hired for the purpose, to take possession, but
the men were induced to leave. Subsequently the
defendant returned with more men, entered the
house, and turned out the prosecutor and the broker.
A great crowd assembled, and while the prosecutor
was standing outside his own door, 14, Rotherfield-
street, the defendant caught him round the neck,
kicked him about the legs and other parts of the
body, declaring he would strangle him. A police-
sergeant, 11 N, who was there, on seeing this, di-
rected two constables to take the defendant, who
was the worse for liquor, into custody. Witnesses
were called for the defence, to show that the assault
complained of occurred while the defendant was
being turned out.

Ultimately the jury found the defendant guilty
of an assault, and he was ordered to enter into a re-
cognisance to appear next sessions.
Catherine Lynch, 28, was indicted for unlawfully
and maliciously cutting and wounding Catherine
Lynch the elder and Kate Lynch, with intent to do
them grievous bodily harm.
Kate Lynch deposed—l live at 22, New-end,
Hampstead, mill am a dressmaker. The prisoner
lives in the same house. She is my sister-in-law.
On the 6th inst. I went up to her room, on the first
floor, and asked her for a petticoat of mine, which
I thought she had taken, and she gave me no an-
swer, and seeing a' dress on the bed, I took that,
and said I would keep it until she gave me my pet-
ticoat. Henrietta Donnelly was in the room, and
she struggled with me for the dress, and while that
was going on the prisoner came up to me and hit
me on the head with a hammer. She struck me
three times so violently that the blood spirted to
the bottom of my dress. I bled a good deal, arid
went to a doctor and had my head dressed. I then
gave the prisoner into custody.
Catherine Lynch, prisoner's mother-in-law—l am
the wife of John Lynch, coaldealer, 22, New-end,
Hampstead. On the 6th I was downstairs, and
hearing my daughter upstairs asking the prisoner
for her petticoat, I went up and found my daughter
and Mrs. Donnelly struggling for the gown. I said
it should not be taken out of the room. The pri-
soner took up a hammer and struck my daughter
on the hea'd with it, and she then struck me with
it, also on the head. I bled a good deal.
K. Lynch, son of last witness—l was standing
outside the room, and saw the struggle for the
gown. I saw prisoner go to a cupboard and pick up
a hammer, with which she struck my sister three
times on the head. My sister ran out of the room
covered with blood. I followed her down stairs a
little way and went back, when I saw my mother
come out of the room bleeding from the head.
The policeman stated that after the prisoner was
sent to the station he looked for the hammer, and
found it in the cupboard. The head of it was
smeared with blood.

The defence was, that Kate Lynch and her
mother were the aggressors, and were very violent,
and illused the prisoner a good deal. The dress
which Kate Lynch took off the bed was Mrs. Don-
nelly's, who fought for her own property, and had
her head struck with such violence that she was
" unsen sei." Prisoner said she was beaten very much
on the Wednesday before ; and on Saturday night
Kate came into the room and called her some "fine
names," which a decent and a modest woman would
not like to be called, and slid she would have her
petticoat. She took Mrs. Donnelly's gown, and
said she would keep it until her petticoat was given
up. Mrs. Donnelly struggled for it, and both hair
mother-in-law and sister-in-law took hold of her
(the prisoner) by the hair of the head, and dragged
her about and ill-used her. She denied having used
the hammer, and declared she did not know how
the bloodshed was caused.

- -
The jury found her guilty of a common assault,
and recommended her to mercy.
Mr. Payne told the prisoner that though she
denied having used the hammer with such perti-
nacity, it was quite clear that she did so. For that
he should sentence her to be imprisoned for one
month. Had she not used the hammer the case
would probably have ended very differently. They
were all of a family, and had better endeavour to
live in peace and quietness.
Prisoner's husband (clapping his hands)—Thank
you, sir, for your leniency ; it was not her fault.
Thos. Edwards, 20, and Joseph Percival, 18, were
convicted of robbing Daniel Stammens of a watch
in the Strand, as the procession was passing on
Lord Mayor's-day.. Edwards took the watch and
passed it to Percival. They were both known.
The Court sentenced each of them to 15 months'
hard labour.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.—Nov. 18.

GUILDHALL.—Two men named Howse and
Payne were charged with disorderly conduct in
Bride-Imm, Fleet-street.
Police•constable 335 said—About half-past 2 yes-
terday afternoon I saw a mob of from 30 to 40
betting men in Bride-lane, and among them were
the two prisoners, fighting. I did not see them
strike each other, but Payne's nose was bleeding.
As soon as Howse saw me he dropped his hands,
and would not have any more of it, but Payne
wished to continue the fight, as he did not see me.
Mr. Martin (chief clerk)—Have you seen these
men before ?

Officer—Oh, yes, sir ; they are there every day.
Mr. Cooke, a freeholder and inhabitant of Bride-
lane, said,—l appear here, sir, not to punish these
men in particular, but to complain of the nuisance
which arises from the congregation of betting men
in such a narrow thoroughfare. Bride-lane is only
about 15ft. wide, and for the last 12 months the in-
habitants have been annoyed by the street rows
got up by these betting men. As long as they
merely walked up and down we thought it hardly
worth while to take notice of it, particularly as the
magistrates have decided upon permitting it.
r. Jewell, one of the churchwardens, made a
similar complaint. " This morning," ;he said, " I
counted as many as 105 men in Bride-lane, which
will give you some idea of the extent of the annoy-
ance."

Alderman Lawrence—lt is fortunate, prisoners,
for ycu that the charge is not pressed against you.
I shall require you to enter into your own recog-
'litanies in 1.:1u to keep the peace.

CLERKENWELL.—John H. Jones, of Brewer's-
' yard, Islington, the owner of the new Bunhill-fields
Burial-ground, Church-street, Islington ; Edward
Freesdale, a master carman, and William Chinnery,
a driver in his employ, were summoned by Mr. Jos.
Warr, the sanitary inspector for and on behalf of
the vestry of St. Mary, Islington, "for that they
did at the New Bunhill-fields Burial-ground,
Church-street, St. Mary's, Islington, unlawfully and
injuriously commit a (public annoyance within the
said parish by placing, or causing or allowing to be
placed, a quantity of rubbish in the said burial-
ground."
Mr. Layton, the vestry clerk of Islington, at-
tended for the prosecution.
The defendant Jones did not appear; the others
pleaded guilty, and oue of them stated that Jones
had called upon him and asked him not to attend,
as he said it was his own ground and he should do
as he plea sad with it.
Mr. Layton said the present summonses were taken
out under the provisions of the sth Geo. IV., cap.
125, sec. 105, a local Act, for causing an annoyance.
The burial-ground in question, which vas better
known as Jones's Burial-ground was, he was certain,
very familiar to the parties at this court, as ti •
owner had been summoned here for causing a nuis
ance in removing the bodies, and the scenes that
then occurred were the cause of much excitement
in the public mind. The owner of the ground had
mortgaged it, and the mortgagees had foreclosed.
The mortgagees were a public body, and he was
surprif ed at their allowing such disgraceful scenes
to be carried on, but, although they had been re-
monstrated with, they took no notice, but said the
parish could have the ground by paying the exor-
bitant sum of £2,000. By an order in Council it
was directed that the burial-ground should be
closed, and that it should be coveted with two feet
of ground and with vegetation, or sown with grass
seed, except that portion which was intended for
walks, which portion it was directed should be
covered with asphalte. Instead of doing this, the
grave-stones had been taken up and sold, and the
ground covered with rubbish of every kind ; in
fact, made a scavenger's yard of. Scenes of the
most disgraceful nature had been carried on there,
but it was not the wish of the parish to punish the
workpeople, although it was supposed that all
should be acquainted with the provisions of an Act
of Parliament, but only to let. them know they
Were doing wrong, and thus prevent their doing so
for the future. • -Dirt had been heaped up as high
as tile' houses round.
Mr. Tyrwhitt—Upon whom do you say the. order
in Council is made imperative ?
Mr. Layton—l take it to be the owner or tenant.
He then called -

---
Mr. Joseph Warr, who said he was sanitary- in-

spector to the. vestry of Islington. He was at
Jones's Btu
lal-ground (the New Bunhill-fields
Burial-ground, Church-street) on the 10th of this
month. He saw the defendant Chinnery there
with a horse and cart and a load of rubbish, which
he shot there.. He (witness) knew the ground in
question well. It was about 60 yards square, and
there were from 6,000 to 10,0001otcis of rubbish on
it, and it was still. being deposited on it.
Mr. W. H. Butterfield, registrar of births and
deaths, said he was much inconvenienced by the
carts continually passing to and fro. It was a
great nuisance, for the carts stood in front of his
house, and the carters made use of disgusting
language, and often fought.. He was greatly in-
convenienced. by it, and stones were being con-
tinually thrown.
__ _

Mr. -Tyrwhitt—The heaping up of this stuff there
can be no doubt is an annoyance.
Mr. Layton—There are loads upon loads of
stones and pieces of bottles, and the filth and dirt
are much higher than the surrounding houses.
Mr. Tyrwhitt--I can hardly say that this is a
_public nuisance.
Mr. Layton—l take it under the word " annoy-
ance."

Mr. Tyrwhitt—The word " annoyance" is much
larger than the word " nuisance." It seems to me,
strictly speaking, that in point of law the defendants
pret.ent have not been guilty of a public nuisance.
Mx. Layton—We do not complain of " taking"
up, but of " covering" up. He thought in the case
of thke defendants present, if they were fined ls.
and paid the costs, that would meet the justice of
the call e. He should take out another summons
against. Mr Jones, who always gave a great deal of
trouble.

Mr. It 'yrwhitt said it was very fair of the parish
to act int the matter as they had done, and fined the
defendants ls. and costs.

FATA4.I AFFRAY WITH POACHERS.

On We inesday morning at two o'clock a terrible
encounter took place between gamekeepers and
poachers o 4 the estate of Mr. Richard Watt, of
Bishop Buiton, a small village about three miles
from Beverlf y. A gamekeeper named Jacques was
killed by g;finshot; a watcher named Barrow so
seriously I rounded on the head and face that he was
declared. IT the medical men to be rapidly sinking ;
and a thi-A received so much shot in his abdomen
as to rend r impossible his removal to give evi-
dence ; cs case is one of danger. Ten or twelve
poachers :were engaged in the affray.
By ab out five o'clock intelligence of the event was
received by the chief constable of Hull, who imme-
diately caused all the approaches to the town to be
watched. About seven o'clock. five men wei e met
enterin.g. the town from Beverley-road. Two of
these luau, named Charles Franklin and Thomas
Johnson, one of whom is a Lincolnshire man, while
thd otl ter belongs to Hull, had upon them two nets,
with s ticks and other implements of poaching, and
were carrying three hares ; and they also had with
them t, wo dogs. They were taken into custody.
The ot her three were allowed to depart. •
In -Ole course of the day Superintendent Ward
state& at the police-court that-he had received in-
form ation that Barrow, the watcher, was dying,
and that it was necessary to take the prisoners at
once'ito Bishop Burton, in order that Barrow might,
if ho were able to do so, identify them before he
died. Police-constable Johnson accompanied him
with 'the two prisoners, and they proceeded by
the 4.15 train from Hull to Beverley. The nets,
bag:B, hares, and one of the dogs, were • also for-
warded, as well as some guns, which have been
traced to the possession of the prisoners.
is stated that considerable ill-feeling had been
prov oked by Jacques having shot the dogs of some
poue.hers about three weeks ago.

COUNTRY MARKETS.

BOSTON—Nov. 17.

The weather has been cold, with keen winds from the
north-east, and grain comes to hand in better condition,
and in less superabundant supply than of late. To-day
there was a fair show of wheat, with a ready sale. Oats
come sparingly to hand, and made rather more money
Beans .and peas scarce, and the blue sorts of the latter made
as much as 60s per qr.
Wheat.. .... 38s to 40s Oats.... 2os to 25s
White . ..44s to 46s Beans 42s to 50s
Barley ..28s to 34s Peas • ..40s to 603

• Averages for the week :
Wheat 3,841 qrs., at 40s 2d
8ar1ey......... 484 „ 3os 5d
Oats 357 )1 2ls 10d
Rye — If -s Od
Beans 321 „ 46s Oct
Peas .... 216 „ sos 3d