The Sun.
London, England, 1858-10-22 00:00:00

POLICE INTELLIGENCE—Oct. 21.

MANSION-HOUSE.—Richard Gay, a well-
dressed, middle-aged man, in the employment of
Messrs. Henry, Edward, and Maurice Moses, of
Cannon-street-west, clothiers, was brought before
Alderman Rose upon the charge of having robbed
the firm of eight pieces of. cloth.
Robert Beales, foreman to the prosecutors, said,
—The prisoner has been employed at our house as
a cutter, and yesterday afternoon, in consequence
of instructions which I received, I watched the
prisoner down stairs from the cutting-room, and
when he arrived at the bottom of the stairs Mr.
Edward Moses expressed a wish to speak to him.
I followed the prisoner to the counting-house, and
on arriving at the door he took off his hat, and
took out of it a handkerchief containing two pieces
of cloth which had been cut out for trouser lengths.
He dropped the cloth out of the handkerchief on
the floor, and said, in reply to a question from Mr.
Moses, that he was going to take it home. He then
stated that "he was sorry for it," and the officer
was called in and directed to take him into custody.
I went to his address in Sun-street, Bishopsgate,
with the officer, and found there a quantity of
cloth and trimmings and linings which I believe to
be the property of my employers; but one small
portion, which is the cloth for a pair of trousers,
has our mark upon it.
The Prisoner—lt cannot be denied that when I
was apprehended I showed the greatest willingness
to give facilities to the officer.

The witness replied that such was certainly the
case.

Alderman Rose—What has the prisoner been
paid by his employers ?
Witness—His wages were 7s. a-day.
Alderman Rose—ls his placd one of trust ?
Witness—Certainly, very much so. He is a sort
of foreman.
Alderman Rose—And the defalcations might
have been attributed to other persons in the em-
ployment of the prosecutors ?
Witness—No doubt of it.

Russell (city detective)—l received the prisoner
into custody. He said he had taken the cloth pro-
duced, and he hoped Mr. Moses would be as lenient
as possible, and he would let him know all. I told
him Mr. Moses could hold out to him no inducement
whatever. He told me where he lived, and he
offered to go with me to search his house, and we
there found a quantity of cloth and other goods. I
also found 25 duplicates, which I produce.
The Alderman having proceeded to read the cau-
tion addressed to prisoners before committal.
The prisoner interrupted him, and said, " Then
you don't mean to deal summarily with this ? I
gave every facility, and that ought to be taken into
consideration."

Alderman Rose—l look upon the case as of too
serious a nature to be dealt with by this bench.
You have been most confidentially employed, and
innocent men might have been accused of that of
which you have been guilty.
The prisoner was then committed for trial.

GUILDHALL.—As some misapprehension is
likely to arise in the public mind with regard to
the treatment of the six lunatic women who were
brought from Paris, being British subjects, by di-
rection of the British ambassador, we beg to inform
our readers teat, although the lunatic ladies were
received, as a mere matter of form, as " casual pau-
pers" at-the City of London Union at Bow, every
arrangement was made, by the express direction of
Alderman Finnis, in order that they might be
treated, not as common paupers, but as paupers
entitled by their position and infirmities to more
than ordinary care and attention. They are there-
fore to be kept separate from the other inmates of
the union until they can be formally removed to
the proper asylum.
Henry Waters, a railway clerk, was placed at
the bar before Alderman Finnis charged with em-
bezzling the moneys of the Birkenhead, Chester,
and Holyhead Railway Company.
Sergeant Scott, of the detective force, said—
From information I received through the Gazette I
stopped the prisoner in Holborn, and asked him if
his name was Henry Waters, and if he had been a
clerk in the goods department of the Birkenhead
and Lancashire Railway Company. On receiving
his answer in the affirmative, I told him I was an
officer and should apprehend him on the charge of
embezzling the moneys of his employers. He said
he did not embezzle the money, he lost it.
Alderman Finnis—ls it a large sum ?
Scott—l have no informatiou beyond what the
prisoner has told me.
Alderman Finnis—ls there any one here on the.
part of the railway company ? •
Scott—No, sir ; but as soon as I apprehended
the prisoner I telegraphed to the company. and re-
ceived a replyintimatmg that an officer has started
and is now on his way with a warrant to take the
prisoner back.

Aldermaniinnis--Then I mill remand the pri-

soner till to-morrow, unless the officer arrive} with
the warrant before I leave the bench.

From the information in the Gazette it apps 3ared
although the exact amount was not specified , that'
the prisoner's defalcations amount to a v ery large
sum. The prisoner, however, denies that they are
so extensive.

WESTMINSTER.—AIfred Lowe, alias vSmith,
alias Cockett, alias King, a middle-aged,. well-
dressed man, about the middle height, of go god ap-
pearance and address, was brought up on a v rarrant
charged with unlawfully conspiring with t WO wo-
men, whose names are unknown, falsely an 0. frau-
dulently to obtain possession of a house, 100, Den-
bigh-street, which he took of Mr. Morx is, of
Charlwood-street. _ _

Mr. J. D. Weekes, of Wharton-street, iloyd-
square, solicitor, conducted the prosecution.
It appeared that the prisoner had assl allied a
variety of names. As Alfred Lowe he was IL com-
mercial traveller ; as Alfred Smith, plumber, pain-
ter, and builder ; and as Crockett and King, artist
and decorative painter.
Mr. Weekes said that there were many other
cases against the prisoner, which he shoula, pro-
bably, be able to proceed with on a future oct
Mr. Paynter asked the prisoner two or three
questions, in reply to which he said his nan le was
Alfred Smith Lowe; that he lived at 100, Den bigh-
street ; that he was a house agent (an annol ance-
ment which created much laughter among; the
auditory) •, and that he had formerly been in busi-
ness in that line at 122, Regent-street, Oxit'vd-
street. He admitted that he was both Lowe tind
Smith, as described in two cases proved against
him.
Mr. Paynter said he should respire two sureties
in £5O and prisoner's own recognisance in £lOO for
his future appearance, which he was unprovided
with.
Remanded for a week.

WORSHIP-STREET.—Mr. Hammill acknow-
ledges his receipt of the following donations :—For
a poor woman named Pearce, who was obliged to
prosecute her own boy a few weeks since for re-
peatedly robbing her, 10s. from "M. A. 8.," and
205., to be laid out in clothing at a linendraper's
whose name is specified, from " A Widow," who
wishes, as a co-signature, that the 25th chapter of
Matthew, verses 34 to 40, should be given as a text;
for Jane Chase, the wife of a tailor, who attempted
suicide by drowning, ss. in stamps ; and for a little
girl eight years old, the daughter of a drunken
Irishwoman named Dunleary, severely beaten and
kicked by her unnatural mother because she re-
sisted her robbing her of shoes which the work-
house had given her, and for which the mother was
sentenced to several months' imprisonment, £1 from
w.

CLERKENWELL.—Katharine Fay, a dirty-
looking prostitute, was charged with being con-
cerned with another not in custody in stealing
a gold watch and chain, of the value of £4O, and
about £lO in money, from the person of Mr. Bishop,
a wine merchant, residing at Melton Mowbray.
The prosecutor, an elderly man, picked up with
the prisoner and some other low prostitutes, and
went drinking with them at some publichouses. He
then accompanied them to a notorious brothel, and
when he awoke in the morning he found all his
property gone. He then gave information to the
police, and the prisoner was apprehended by Ser-
geant Hill, 39 S.
Mr. Tyrwhitt sentenced the prisoner to 6 months'
hard labour in the House of Correction.

THAMES.—Mr. Gill, clerk to Mr. Stone. solici-
tor to the East London Association, which has been
established to suppress as far as possible the awful
amount ofvice, drunkenness, and general immorality
in this district, came before Mr. Yardley to lodge a
eomklaint against a foreigner, named Christian
Engisch, a beershop keeper in Ratcliffe-highway,
and owner of two houses of ill fame. Mr. Gill was
accompanied by Mr. Howell, vestry-clerk of St,
George's-in-the-East, the overseer of that parish,
and several other gentlemen interested in the en-
forcement of decency in the public streets and the
suppression of infamous houses.
Mr. Gill said the East London Association had
taken the initiative in this case, as it had done in
some others lately disposed of at the Middlesex
Sessions. The association intend to proceed against
Christian Engisch, a foreigner, under the 2d section
of the Act of the 25th of Geo. 11., c. 36, and the
58th of Geo. 111., c. 70, for having public music and
dancing in his house without a licence, in St.
George's-street, better known as Ratcliffe-highway,
and for keeping two common brothels in another
part of the parish. Notices had been served on the
overseers by two inhabitants, Mr. Richardson and
Mr. Heinrichson, and it was for the magistrate to
say whether the constables of the parish or the
overseers were to prosecute.
Mr. Howell, on the part of the overseers, acknow-
ledged that the notices had been served on them,
and they now attended for the purpose of entering
into recognisances for the purpose of prosecuting at
the Sessions.

The overseers having entered into their recog•
nisances,
Mr. Yardley asked what was the next step pro-
posed to be adopted ?
Mr. Howell—l now apply for a warrant to
apprehend the defendant.
Mr. Yardley—What is the defendant and what
amount of bail will be required ?
Mr. Howell said Engisch kept a beershop, and
paid a rental of about £4O per annum.
Mr. Gill—Engisch's beerhouse is a perfect pande-
monium, and is frequented by the lowest characters.
Mr. Howell—Yes, his customers aro treated with
music and dancing in his beerhouse, and then re,
tire to his other houses, where the most abominable
scenes take place nightly.
Mr. Yardley, granted a warrant for the apprehen-
sion of Engisch, and said he would determine the
amount of bail when he was brought before him.

SOUTHWARK.—George Proud, a middle-aged
man, described on the charge sheet as a currier, was
brought before Mr. Seeker charged with intermar-
rying with Ellen Murphy, his former wife being
then and now living. He was also charged with
having since married Elizabeth Ann Packhurst.
Ellen Murphy, the second wife, was in attendance.
The witness, a very respectable looking young
woman, said she was married to the prisoner at the
parish Church, St. Mary, Newington, Feb. 12,1852.
She then believed him to be a single man. He soon
began to ill-use her, and left her five years ago.
Since then she discovered that he was previously
married, and that he had married another woman
subsequently to leaving her.
- Mr. Secker asked her if she had any evidence as
to his marriage before he married her, or whether
the first wife was living ?
Witness replied that she received a letter from
the first wife some time ago, and having communi-
cated with her she received a certificate of marriage
between the prisoner and thatperson at Newcastle-
on-Tyne, on Christmas-day, 1844. She produced
that for his worship's inspection, as well as a certi-
ficate of her own marriage at Newington Church,
on Feb. 12, 1852. _

Mr.:Seeker told her he could not take her evi-
dence, as at present the law presumed her to be the
first wife, and therefore she could not give testimony
against her husband.
She replied that she was sure the first wife was

living, as she had recently seen letters from
She had also received communications from the third
wife, with her certificates showing that on the 17th
of July, 1854, tteprisoner married Elizabeth Ann
Paekhurst at Frindsbury, in Kent.
Mr. Seeker inquired who took the prisoner into
custody ?
City police-constable 118 said the complainant
charged prisoner on the previous evening with
bigamy, and at the same time handed him the
three marriage certificates produced. She told him
she could produce evidence as to all three marriages.
Mr. Seeker asked him whether he had made any
inquiries about the marriages ?
He replied that he had not time to do so, as he
only took the prisoner into custody on the previous
evening, but if ke was remanded he should be able
to produce all the necessary evidence.
Mr. Seeker asked the prisoner if he had anything
onwerassaindo, that he alialo,hoe
ohnadcthorriestmmaarsk-dwayas,
to say why he should not be remanded ?
thaTthethpellsre
1844.

Mr. Seeker remanded him for a week, and di-
rected the police-constable to compare the certifi-
cates with the parish registers and obtain all fur-
ther evidence he might require.
Robert Garman, a conductor of one of Kite's
omnibuses, was summoned for committing an as-
sault on Edward George Sells, a conductor in the
employ of the General Omnibus Company.
It appeared that both omnibusses ran between
the Alfred's Head, Newington-causeway, and
Kingsland, and while passing along the Borough
the defendant jumped on the complainant's omni-
bus and struck him.

The defendant pleaded guilty and promised not
to offend again.
Mr. Beard said that as such was the case he
should not press for any punishment, but, at the
same time, the servants of the General Omnibus
Company must be
_protected from the violence of
those belonging to Kite's Association. He was in-
structed to say that the complainant would be satis-
fied by defendant entering into recognisances to
keep the peace for the future.
Mr. Seeker accordingly ordered the defendant
to enter into his recognagnces to keep the peace
for three months.

INFLUENCE OF MARRIAGE ON TILE
MORTALITY OF THE FRENCH.

The following paper was read at the meeting of
the Social Science, by Dr. W. Farr, F.R.S. :
The changes which age induces in life have been
calculated. The differences in the mortality of the
two sexes are known. Men have investigated the
effects of air, water, hills, plains, and marshes—of
the sun in various seasons and climates—of food,.
animal and vegetable—and of alcoholic drinks. The
fatality of foul exhalations of every kind has been
made manifest.

But the life of man is affected by still more subtle
agencies. The action of the various parts of the
body in industrial occupations produces specific
effects. Every science modifies its cultivators. The
play of the passions transfigures the human frame.
How do they influence its existence ?
There are some of the higher fields of speculation
which have not yet been explored by sanitary re-
search. I have now, however, to submit to the sec-
tion the results of an inquiry into intermediate
phenomena.
A remarkable series of observations, extending
over the whole of France, enables us to determine
for the first time the effect of the conjugal condition
on the life of a large population.
The French people may be classed in three great
groups, exclusive of minors under age :
I. The Married, consisting of two groups : (a)
Husbands, 6,986,223 ; and (b) Wives, 6,948,823,
making a total of 13,935,046.
11. The Celibate, who have never married, viz.,
(a) Bachelors, 4,014,105 ; and (b) Spinsters,
4,649,944 ; making a total of 8,564,049.
111. The Widowed, intwo groups : (a) Widowers,
836,509 ; and (b) Widows, 1,687,583 ; making a
total of 2,524,092.
Deparcieux, in the middle of the last century,
investigated the relative mortality of monks and
nuns in France ; and he compared their life with
`that of Tontine annuitants, consisting partly of
married and partly of unmarried persons. From
the age of 20 to 40 the mortality of the monks and
nuns living in " single blessednese" was lower, and
' after the age of 40 it was higher than the mortality
of the annuitants. The excess of mortality was
considerable in the monks. The condition of these
members of religious houses is at all times peculiar,
and besides their vows of chastity involved a pecu-
liar discipline likely to affect their lives. Many of
them lived in Paris. We can now deal with the
whole population of France—amounting to 1851 to
thirty-six millions of people, some dwelling against
our southern coast, in Flanders, Picardy, and Nor-
mandy some in Brittany,, around the rugged
shores of the Atlantic—some -in Orleans, Tours, and
Nantes, beside the " murmuring Loire ;" some on
the Garonne, wandering from Toulouse to Bor-
deaux, through that old Guienne, famous in our
history some climbing up the Pyrenees, or
seated in Languedoc or Marseilles, on the Mediter-
ranean Sea; some on the rapid Rhone, in Provence,
the seat of the old courts of love ; some in Lyons
and Avignon ; some extending from the Alps and
the mountains of Auvergne and the Vosges, over
Dauphiny, Lorraine, and Champagne ; and some
living in Paris, Rouen, Havre, and the region around
the Seine. The country, covered by its millions or
small proprietors living on. the parcels into whics
the soil was divided by the great revolution—by
cultivators of the vine and thou olive in the south, of
the apple and the cereal crops in the north—by
pastoral families on the land: and on the mountains

~ in~a few large
7—by artisans and mannfact urecs
cities—contained inthe year :1851 nearly 14,000,000
married people of both sexes.. What was their rate
of mortality? Under the French law young men of
the age of 18 and young women of the age of 15
can legally marry. Of the few young married pairs
living, the mortality in boa' husbands and wives
was excessively high under the age of 20. Twice
as many wives under 20 died in the year as died
out of the same numbers of the unmarried ; and the
mortality was much higher than it was among hus-
bands and wives in the subsequent decennial of life.
The result confirms the common opinion of the evil
consequences of marriage in many cases under the
age of 20, before the growth of the individual man
or woman is completed.

The wives of the next 20 years of age experience
a rate of mortality half as high again as the hus-
bands of those ages suffer.
The mortality of the husbands is exceedingly low,
6.5 and 7.1, while wives of 20-30 die at:the rate of
9.3 in 1,000, in rather higher proportions than the
wives of the subsequent ages 30-40, when the mor-
tality is 9.1. This excess is fairly ascribable to the
sorrows of childbearing, and to no small extent to
ignorant midwives.
At the age 40-50, the mortality of the husbands
(10.3) is slightly higher than the mortality of
wives ; and so it remains higher ever afterwards,
but the difference is not considerable.

Age. Husbands.
59 18,3
60 3,5.4
70 88.6
80-90

Wives.
16.3
35.4
84.9
180.4

(Ths of 1,000 husbands living at the age 60-70,
there are 314 deaths; to 1,000 wives, 35.4 deaths.)
And so the old people go on in the table tottering
down the hill very gently, till they " sleep together
at the foot."

How fares it with the unmarried—the celibate ?

At the younger ages under 20, the mortality
as I have already stated, much lower in the two
sexes than it is in the married.
Age
Unmarried.
15-20

Males.
6.0

Females.
7.1 in 1,000 die.

At all the ages from 20 to 60 unmarried men ex-
perience a much higher rate of mortality than un-
married women. The excess of the mortality of
males at the age of 20-30 was in the ration of 11.3
to 8.7. It was aggravated by the deaths of the sol-
diers dying in Algeria, and in the Cascenes in home
—but in the subsequent periods this 'element does
not interfere to any extent.
Annual Deaths to 1,000 living.
Ages of the
Unmarried.
30-40
40-50

Males.
12.4
17.7

Females.
10.3
13.8
23.5

50-60 . • : 29.5 ....
At the age of 60 and upwards the unmarried of
both sexes are nearly equally mortal.
But how is it as between the married and the
unmarried women

Why at 20-25 the maidens have the advantage,
and the difference is not inconsiderable.

Of 1,000 females Married.
Annual deaths 9.8

Unmarried.
8.5

At the age of 25-30 the mortality of the unmar-
ried is slightly in excess (9.2 to 9.0). At the next
age (3040) the wives are the halest ; the mortality
of the wives being 9.1, and of the unmarried women
10.3. After, the age of 40 the married women ex-
perience a much lower rate of mortality than the
unmarried.

Unmarried.
13.8
23.5
0.8

Married.
40
50
60
and so it runs through all ages.
The contrast between the health of the bachelors
and of the married men is still more striking ; the
young bachelors enjoying an advantage, the old
ones suffering in the comparison.
Mortality per 1,000 among married men and
bachelors :

Married. Unmarried.
16-20
20 6.5 11.3
30 7.1 12.4
40
. 50
60
And after the ages of 80 the mortality of the two
classes becomes nearly equal.