The Sun.
London, England, 1867-09-21 00:00:00

Mr. Gladstone's Speech at Barrow.

and independence of the natives. M. de Bismark,
with a skilf ulness which we cannot deny, profits by
every circumstance to rally the whole of Germany
round the throne of Frederick William. Whether
France, in accord with England, interfere, even
officiously, in favour of Denmark ; whether diplo-
matic proceedings be taken to insure the faithful
execution of the Treaty of Prague, no matter the
position, M. de Bismark presents to the Germans
the spectre of the foreigner menacing the common
country. If, on the contrary, the French Govern-
ment make pacific declarations, and it is not sparing
of them, M. Bismark considers them as a bill of
indemnity, and goes on with his work.
In this circular Prussia speaks openly about pre-
tended foreign " interference with the affairs of
Germany." No European foreign Power, however,
has ever thought of placing, according to the ex-
pression of M. Bismark " the development of the
affairs of Germany under the tutelage of foreign
influence." Germany is not a minor, and nobody
with the exception of the Prussian Minister has the
pretension of making out any line of conduct for her.
But beyond the limit of the internal affairs of Ger-
many there are international relations, questions of
European equilibrium, with which we have a right
to occupy ourselves for our own security.
Among the many Congresses which have recently
been held, I forgot to enumerate the Congress of
Apothecaries, which had several sittings at the Con-
servatoire of Arts and Trades. There were present
317 apothecaries of Paris, 297 from the provinces,
and 42 foreign apothecaries. The discussion chiefly
turned upon an interesting and rather novel point,
it being contended by some that the public health
was in danger from the advertisements published
of alleged remedies for almost all the " ills which
flesh is heir to," some of the supposed curatives being
very injurious, if not poisonous. On the other
hand, it was replied that there was no proof that
any of these remedies which were advertised had
produced any evil effect. Advertisements could
only be injurious when these statements were
immoral, untrue, or fraudulent. No resolu-
tion condemnatory of the system of advertising
remedies for diseases was agreed to, the
Congress contenting itsolf with expressing an opi-
nion that advertisements of remedies should be
truthful and simple. In answer to the argument
of one of the apothecaries, that advertisements of
remedies constituted an illegal exercise of the art of
medicine, it was said that if this were the case any
medical work was liable to the same charge, as it
prescribed remedies without the use of a diploma.
Although these apothecaries talked about disagree-
able drugs, all seemed to agree that they were very
useful at times, and no man seemed to wish to
" throw physic to the dogs ;" but after long talk
about nauseous things the whole assembly was unani-
mous in turning to something nice, and accordingly
finished by an admirable and luxurious dinner at
the Grand Hotel. The draughts upon the cham-
pagne bottles were duly honoured by all the guests.
An extremely valuable archaeological discovery
has been made in Paris. While some workmen
were digging in the courtyard of the Napoleon
Lyceum, in the Rue Clovis, they found a great
number of Roman coins, nearly 800, and it is ex-
pected that more will be found when they dig deeper.
These coins and medals are all of gold, and in good
preservation. They have the effigy of various
Roman Emperors, among whom are those of Nero,
Vitellius, Vespasian, Titus, Domitian, Trajan, An-
toninus, Marcus Aurelius, Septimus Severus, and
Geta. Upon some of the coins, in addition to the
effigy of the reigning Emperor, there is also that of
his wife. The most recent of these medals is that
of Caracalla, who died in the year 217 of Jesus
Christ.

The fine weather of yesterday was very fleeting.
To-day the atmosphere was heavy and lowering in
the morning, and in the afternoon there was a
violent storm of thunder, lightning, and torrents
of rain.

A letter from the llague, dated Sept. 17, remarks
that although the King of the Netherlands, in his
speech at the opening of the States General, said
that the Netherlands kept up the most amicable
relations with all foreign Powers, his Majesty an-
nounced that the effective of the army of the
Netherlands is to be augmented. A project of law
is in preparation, according to which the annual
contingent is to be raised from 11,000 to 14,000
men, so that the total number of men will be in-
creased from 55,000 to 70,000. The National
Guard is also to be increased, much to the dissatis-
faction of the representatives of Limburg, who last
year voted against a similar proposition, that pro-
been exempt from serving in
the
vin
Nceahtaiovninagl Guard.always

CONSUL CAMERON AND KING
THEODORE.

a
It has been said "it was not true" that Mr.
Cameron went into the interior of Abyssinia against
the instructions of the Government, or that he was m
accused of delay forwarding a letter of King
T a despatch from Earl
Russell, dated
to thedatedF February
2, 1861,
1861, is quoted in proof
bracettery
of these statements In that very despatch, how-
ever, although Corsul Cameron was instructed to
" watch" proceedings on the sea coast or in the
interior, he was calitioned against becoming " the
partisan of either of the contending parties." The
wishes of the Government are stated in the fol-
lowing despatch from Earl Russell to Mr. Cameron,
dated Sept. 8, 1863:
" I have received from her Majesty's Agent and
Consul in Egypt your despatches of ;he 20th of
May last ; and I have to state to you that her
Majesty's Government do not approve your pro-
ceedings in Abyssinia, nor your suggestions
founded upon them. I have only to desire that
you will abstain from all interference in the in-
ternal affairs of that country, and that you will
remain at your post at Massowah, whither you
were ordered by ray despatch of the 22d of April
last to return and reside."

In a subsequent despatch addressed to Colonel
Stanton, dated October 5, 1865, Earl Russell, in re-
viewing Mr. Cameron's conduct, says—" He went
to the country of Bogos, where he employed him-
self in reconciling some rival chiefs, sending on the
Emperor's letter to the Queen to Massowah by the
Abyssinian messenger." The despatch concludes
thus :—" It appears, further, that the chief cause of
the Emperor's anger with Consul Cameron was this
journey to Bogos, coupled with the Emperor's sus-
picion that Consul Cameron had intrigued to set the
Turks and Egyptians of the frontier against him,
and aggravated in some degree by the return of
Consul Cameron to Gondar without any answer to
the Emperor's letter to the Queen. It appears from
King Theodore's letter to Mr. Rassam, sent home
by that gentleman in his letter of Sept. 5, that the
King alleges that Captain Cameron ' abused and
denounced him as a murderer,' in consequence of
the vengeance which he took on the persons who
killed Consul Plowden and Mr. Bell, and that when
he had treated him well, and asked him to make him
(the King) a friend of the Queen, Captain Cameron
went and stayed some time with the Turks, and
returned to me (the King)' ; and, further, that
when the King spoke to Captain Cameron about
the letter sent by him to the Queen, he said he had
not received any intelligence concerning it. There
is no reason to suppose that Consul Cameron in-
cited the Egyptian forces on the frontier to commit
aggressions on the territory of Abyssinia. It is far
more probable that the enemies of the British name
in Abyssinia should have infused unjust suspicious
into the mind of the Emperor. But certainly Capt.
Cameron,
in going to Bogos, acted without orders,
and incurred the displeasure of his own Govern-
ment." Therefore, it is added, if released, "he will
be employed hereafter in a different part of the
world, and will never have occasion to return to
Abyssinia."

GOOD SPORT.—Mr. Frederick Milbank, M.P., has
had great sport in his deer forest of Harris, outer Hebrides,
on the 9th September killing two stags, ono a royal and
the other with 11 tines ; on the 10th, five stags, all with
tine royal heads, they were all separate stalks, excepting
one right and left shot; on the 11th, one stag with 11
tines, at a distance of 268 yards, and was then obliged to
go home on account of the mist; on the 12th, four salmon
in the morning, and a stag in the afternoon, with 10 tines;
on the 14th, a very fine stag with 11 tines, the heaviest
stag Weighing lcn3t,, and all averaging upwards a 14st,,

LA TEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

THE PAPAL STATES.

ROME, Sept. 20.

At a Consistory held this morning a speech was
delivered by the Pope. His Holiness solemnly con-
demned the recent decree of the Italian Government
for consummating the sacrilege of the usurpation
of the ecclesiastical property. He declared the
decree to be null and void, and confirmed the cen-
sures already launched against the usurpers. He
then proceeded to point out the calumnies contained
in a pamphlet recently published in Paris, entitled
" The Roman Court and the Emperor Maximilian."
His Holiness paid a tribute to the memory of the
late Cardinal Altieri, who recently died of cholera
at Albano, eulogising him for having fallen a
victim to his zeal.

The Pope afterwards preconised the Bishop of
Albano and the Archbishop of Burgas and Guate.
mala.

Mgr. d'Angelis has been appointed ex-camerlingo
of the Roman Church.

HUNGARY.

PESTI', Sept. 20 (Evening).

M. Kossuth has addressed another letter to the
Hungarians, which is hostile to the Hungarian
Ministers and to the Emperor.
The Emperor and Empress are expected to visit
Godollo shortly.
The Hungarian papers insist on the necessity of
the secularisation of the Church property.

SCHLESWIG HOLSTEIN.

BERLIN, Sept. 21.

The Schleswig Holstein notables, recently as-
sembled here, have obtained from the Government
the promise that all the monies which are in the
Schleswig Holstein Public Treasury suall be applied
for the benefit of the Duchies exclusively.
The proposals of the Government, in reference
to the reorganisation of the administration of the
Duchies, have been accepted by the notables in a
modified form.

COPENHAGEN, Sept. 21.

Little belief prevails here of any satisfactory re-
sult being arrived at in the negociations with Prussia
relative to the Schleswig Holstein question.

AUSTRIA.

VIENNA, Sept. 21.

The Wanderer of to-day says :—" At yesterday's
sitting of the Committee of the Austro-Hungarian
Delegate Assembly, the cis-Leithan delegates asked
what sums Hungary was prepared to contribute
towards the interest on the State debt up to 1869,
and subsequently, in the event of the project of the
unification of the public debt not being realised. In
reply to this demand Count Lonyay, the Hungarian
Finance Minister, declared that in such case Hun-
gary would undertake from the end of the year 1869,
and thenceforth, to contribute towards the interest
on the public debt the annual amount of 33,000,000
florins.

SHANGHAI, Aug. 26.

Advices received here from Japan mention a
rumour that the Shrogoon would abdicate in favour
of his younger brother.

CALCUTTA AND CHINA. MAILS.
SUEZ, Sept. 19.

The Golconda from Calcutta, August 23, an-
chored at 8 p.m. to-day. She will be despatched
again on the 21st at midnight.

BOMBAY (HEAVY) MAIL.
GIBRALTAR, Sept. 20.

The Delta left at 7 a.m. to-day; all well. She
may be expected at Southampton about the evening
of the 24th inst.

FRANCE.

BOURSE, Sept. 20, Two o'clock.—Securities are
much better sustained. Threes are very firm at
69f. 23c., with a rise of 25c. Italian Fives gain
22ic., at 48f. 75c. Credit Mobilier are 245 f., with
a rise of 12f. 50c. Spanish Mobilier 172 f 50c., or
10f. higher. Credit Foncier gains 10f., at 1,322 f.
50c. Comptoir d'Escompte is at 670 f., with a gain
of 12f. 50e. French railway shares have all ad-
vanced. Orleans 3f. 75c., at 893 f. 75c. Northern
5f., at 1,155 f. Lyons If. 25c., at 8921. 50c.
Southern 6f. 25c., at 537 f. 50c.
Three o'clock.—The close was as follows :

41 per Cents 9B 25
Do. end month —
3 per Cents. 69 20
Do. end month 69 17i
Credit Mobilier
Do. end Month
Credit Fonder 1:340
Do. end month 1327 50
RAIL

Bank Shares 3340
Italian Loan 4B 70
Do. end month 4B 70
Mexican Loan —
Do. Bonds lO6 25
Spanish Threes
Home Debt —
Deferred -
'AY&

For Account.
Orleans
Northern - 1162 50
Lyons and Mediterranean 895
Southern 537 50
Western
Eastern
Sardinian —
Austrian
Lombard 385
North of Spain
Saragossa 7
Roman

At the banquet which followed the opening of the
new docks at Barrow, an account of which was
published yesterday, the Right Hon. W. E. GLAD-
STONE, who on rising was received with much ap-
plause, spoke as follows :—" My lord duke, my
lords and gentlemen, I rise by order of the authori-
ties who conduct the proceedings of this festival to
request of you to drink to the town and trade of
Barrow, and I should be disposed, my lord duke
and gentlemen, to impugn the judgment of those
who have put upon me this task, when I consider
that my practical acqnaintance with the place dates
but within the last few hours. I have had, indeed,
the most able assistance and tuition from various
gentlemen, from Mr. Al'Lean, whose name, I appre-
hend, will long be known in connection with the
works of this place—(applause)—and from the able
manager of that remarkable establishment which,
as far as my limited experience goes, may perhaps
be said to stand at the head of all the works for
iron manufacture in this country. Bat, my lord
duke and gentlemen, I complain the less because
the truth is this, that when there is nothing re-
quired to be said, it does not much matter who is
appointed to say it; and that after the speech of
the chairman there is nothing to say of the town
and trade of Barrow. In one respect, I feel dis-
posed to complain of the noble duke, because he
interdicted us from the future, and said no man
should undertake to prophesy. (Laughter.) That
is all very well, but when the past has been dealt
with and exhausted in the manner in which the noble
duke has exhausted it, I ask you what has he left
me but the future? (Applause.) Therefore, in
some shape or other the trade of prophecy, bad as
it may be, or at any rate of anticipation, really
constitutes the whole of the slender capital with
which I am set out in recommending this toast
to your notice. (Applause and laughter.) Well,
my lard duke and gentlemen, there can be no
doubt that the occasion that has brought us here to-
day is one of national interest. We have heard a
great deal at different times about King Cotton as
a king in England, and far be it from me to say
anything against his Majesty King Cotton, to whom
I wish to be entirely loyal. (Applause and laughter.)
But although they could not get on with two kings
in Brentford, yet of this class and character there
are two kings in England—there is King Iron as
well as King Cotton ; and, I think, in every sense,
as Englishmen, we should rejoice that in these
latter years especially King Iron has risen up out of
the bowels of the earth to assert his claim to a share
of the sovereignty. (Applause.) His fate, gentle-
men, has been a very singular one. It is most re-
markable and most instructive to see how Provi-
dence adapts the various instruments of utility with
which the earth abounds to the capacities of men in
the different stages of society. Go back to the pe-
riod of barbarism, and iron is a thing in the earliest
ages of human history absolutely unknown. Nay,
when from stone and wood men began to pass to
metal, iron was still for a length of time practically
unheard of, because of the difficulty with which it
is wrought, and the extreme rarity with which it is
found in a virgin state ; and, therefore, in those
times the metal that was abundant was cheaper.
The cheap metal of those times was copper ; the
dear metal of those times was iron ; and it is not
very difficult to make out—the precise relations
cannot be established as if there were prices current
in the world 3,000 years ago—but I believe it would
be a very moderate estimate to say that 3,000
years ago iron was at least ten times as valu-
able as copper. Now see what changes
have taken place. With the command of coal
and with the command of abundance of other
materials, with the advance of science and of
knowledge, that relation is reversed, and iron,
instead of being ten times as dear as copper, is not
one-tenth of the price of copper, and that not be-
cause copper is more scarce or less useful than it was
then, for it is applied to many more uses, and it is
obtained in far greater abundance, but because the
gigantic strides with which iron has asserted itself,
and become by degrees by far the most useful and
valuable metal that the earth produces, and per-
haps more useful and more necessary than all tl-re
rest put together, have effected this extraordinary
change. Now the commodities in iron which are
supplied to us in every form, great and small, com-
pared with their price, when you consider the nature
and density of the material and the fineness to
which it is wrought, are such that if they had been
shown to the men of other times would justly have
been deemed miraculous. Well, gentlemen, this
great change is a change, I think, of particular in-
terest to us as Englishmen—(applause)—for the
more the use of iron advances the more the power of
England advances. (Hear, hear, and applause.) It
is all very well to obtain from our neighbours those
commodities which are useful for the purposes of
life, when we cannot produce them cheaper and
better ourselves, but when we can produce them
cheaper and better ourselves, then no doubt the
value of the treasure is greatly enhanced, and most
of all it is enhanced when, as in a case like that
which Barrow presents to eis, the commodity in
question is one immediately associated not only with
national wealth, but in the most direct manner,
especially since the great changes in the art of
shipbuilding, with national security and power.
(Applause.) And I think, my lord duke, that I
do not transgress the bounds of prudence, an they
have been cautiously defined by yourself, when I
say that it is evident that this progress of iron—this
continual encroachment by iron upon the province
of other useful materials, which again always find
new vents for their application—this is a progress
so steady and so fixed in the essential wants of
society, and so developed in ten thousand forms,

,hat it seems the character and the law of modern

trade and industry, and that even a prophet may
venture on this occasion to present himself for once
upon the stage, and say confidently- that the basis
upon which the prosperity of this town is to be built
is not only a broad and solid basis, but one that we
have the best and most solid reasons for hoping we
shall see extended every year. (Applause.) With
regard to Barrow, I really do not know how to
speak of such a place on terms that would be ade-
quate to the subject, which at the same time would
not appear to bear a character of exaggeration. But
I must say that, for a combination of natural ad-
vantages afloat and natural advantages ashore, it
probably would not be practicable to find a match
for it in any portion of the country. (Applause.)

That, gentlemen, is saying much, because we have
had in other portions of this country, especially
within our own generation, instances of progress so
extraordinary as to outstrip all European precedent,
and almost to defy the future. Many of you may
have, as I have, enjoyed the pleasure and profit of
visiting Middleborough, on the eastern coast. Ido
not speak of what happens beyond the Atlantic,
where the movements of society are upon a scale,
and are conducted with a rapidity that entirely
transcends all European precedent, and almost
European conception, but certainly until to-day I
should always have quoted the town of Middle-
borough as by far the most extraordinary example
of rapid material and commercial progress that the
whole length and breadth of this land could exhibit
—but even Middleborough itself has been slow in

its advance compared with Barrow. As far as I
can understand, and I am sure if there be any gen-
tleman connected with Middleborough—for you
have cast the arms of hospitality so wide that there
may be—(applause and laughter)—l am sure I
shall not in any way wound his feelings if I state
that within 30 years Middleborough has grown,
believe, from a farmhouse to a town with
25,000 or 30,000 people, but within ten years
Barrow has grown to a town with a population
bordering upon 20,000. Gentlemen, how extraor-
dinary it is to see that in what we call an old coun-
try like this there is still so much youth—(applause)
that there is still an energy which developes and
expands itself with a rapidity so extraordinary that
if former times had been capable of such movement
and quickness, England, in industry and trade,
would now have been I know not how many
hundredfold what she is. Driving through the town
of Barrow in the short interval afforded to-day, I
must. say it was impossible to look without great
satisfaction upon the appearances of comfort, and
upon the good and Souud arrangemeuth apparently

July 20, , Aug. 17.
1867. I 1867. Increase. Decrease
--' -
Bank of England ; 23,952,820' 21,1e0,006 207,786
Private Banks I 2,657,2611 2,576,836 80,425
Joint-stock Banks ; 2,257,23:11 2,183,614 73,619
I —i --
Total in England. I 28,F67,3141 28,02!, :6 53,742
Scotland..
Ireland
United Kingdom 3,5,557,348 $8,491,323 I 63,7z5

And as compared with the month ending the 18th of
August, 1866, the above returns show a decrease of
£821,579 in the circulation of notes in England, and
decrease of £681,433 in the circulation of the United
Kingdom.
On comparing the above with the fixed issues of the
several banks the following is the state of the circulation:—
The English private banks are below their
fixed issue ... .Z 1,455,780
The English joint-stock banks aro below their
fixed issue

555,026

Total below fixed issue in England ... £2,010,806
The Scotch banks aro above their fixed issue... 1,704,761
The Irish banks aro below their fixed issue ... 1,238,259

The average stock of bullion held by the Bank of Eng-
land in both departments during the month ending the 14th
August was £23,111,349, being an increase of £308,725
as compared with the previous month, and an increase of
.C 9,290,460 when compared with the same period last year.
The following are the amounts of specie hold by the
Scotch and Irish banks during the month ending the 17th
of August :
Gold and silver held by the Scotch banks £2,534,191
Gold and silver hold by the Irish banks 2,170,303

£4,704,581
Being a decrease of £123,001 as compared with the pro-
♦ious return, and an increase of £261,381 when compared
with the corresponding period last year.

THE REFORM FETE AND BANQUET.—A full meet-
ing of the general committee for promoting the above was
held last evening at the Bell Inn, Old Bailey—Mr. George
Potter in the chair—when, after some statements had been
made with respect to the negotiations entered into with the
council of the Reform League in reference to the invitation
made to Mr. Bealos to take the chair, a member thought no
more time should be wasted in efforts to conciliate the
League, and moved, " That the committee proceed to the
next business on the raper." The resolution was seconded
and carried without any further discussion. The secretary
then read the following letter from General Garibaldi :--
"My dear Mr. Hartwell,—lt is impossible for me to Dc
present at your banquet; but I am deeply sensible of you,
kind invitation. Give my fraternal salutation to the whop
of the delegates.—Yours, &c., G. GARII3ALDI." After solO
routine business the committee adjourned until Tuesday
next.

AN OLD WOMAN OF 70 AT THE FONT.-013
Sunday afternoon last, Lucy Clark, aged 70, wife
of William Clark, carpenter, of Ingatestone, was baptised
at Fryerning church by the Rev. Mr. Barley, curate of the
parish. As the old lady had been ill for somo time, and
had never been baptised she became rather troubled in
conscience, and wished to undergo that ceremony. SI1(
Was told that she must have two respectable witnesses; Silk
accordingly selected two, and on Sunday afternoon, itfte,
service, the sponsors brought hor to the font, and she V 1.3
baptised in the usual manner.—Chelmsford Chronicle.

BREACHES OF PROMISE. OF MARRIAGE.—Fester'
day at the Sheriff's Court, Newington-causeway, hfr.
Under-Sheriff Burchell and a jury assembled to assess the
amount of damages to be awarded in two actions for breael
of promise of marriage, brought in the Court of Queen 't
Bench, and in both of which the defendants Lad allowe
judgment to go by default, and the only question was tIJ4
amount of compensation. In ono case the damages were
laid at £5OO, and iu the other at £l,OOO. In the first 006
"Dorman v. Ross," a verdict by consent was taken fe
£5O ; and in the other, in which Mr. Thomas appeared iv
counsel for the plaintiff, " Repner v. Dixon," a verdict 1);
agreement 10E, rocortled for ,Cji:;,