The Sun.
London, England, 1858-09-25 00:00:00

TIIEATRE-ROYAL, DRURY-LANE.
Under the Management of Miss L. Fyne and Mr. W.
Harrison.

THIS EVENING, Balfe's ROSE OF CASTILLE : Miss
Louisa Pyne, Miss Susan Pyne, Miss M. Prescott ; Mr. Fer-
dinand Glover, Mr. A. St. Albyn, Mr. George Honey, Mr.
Bartleman, and Mr. W. Harrison.

Conductor—Mr. Alfred Mellon

To conclude with a Ballet Divertissement : Mdlles. Zilla
Michelet, Pasquale, and Morlacehi.

THEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckstona.
THIS EVENING will be performed WIVES AS THEY
WERE AND MAIDS AS THEY ARE : Messrs. Howe,
W.Farren, ; Mesdames Sinclair, Wilkins, &c.
After which, THE DAUGHTER OF THE GUADAL-
QUIVER. Perea Niba.
With GRIMSIIAW, BAGSHAW, AND BRADSHAW.
And SHOCKING EVENTS.
Commence at 7.

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE.
Manager, Mr. Edmund Falconer.
THIS EVENING, the New Comedy of EXTREMES ;
or, ten of the Day. Supported by Messrs. Leigh Murray,
Emery, .1. Rogers, and Barrett ; Mrs. A. Mellon (late Misg
Woolgar), Mrs. Weston, Miss Kate Saxon.

To conclude with the Ballet of THE RENDEZVOUS, in
which the Lauri Family will appear.
Doors open at half-past 6, to commence at 7. Box-office
open from 11 to 5 daily.

ROYAL STRAND THEATRE
Lessee and Directress, Miss Swanborough.
THIS EVENING, NOTHING TO NURSE ; Mr. Swan'
borough, Mrs. Selby.
After which THE LAST OF THE PIGTAILS ; Messu
C. Selby, J. Bland, and J. Clarke, &c.
Followed by THE BONNIE FISH WIFE.
And I'LL WRITE TO THE TIMES. •
Commence at 7 o'clock.

CANTERBURY HALL, Westminster-road.—
OPEN EVERY EVENING.—The following Company
of Vocalists are engivred for the performance of, Selections
from all the popular OPERAS, MADRIGALS, CHORUSES,
GLEES, DIcETS, &c., viz.:—Miss Russell, Mrs. Badsey,
Miss Brunell, Miss Ray, Madame Bartoletti, Miss Montague,
Mrs. Lawrence, and Mrs. Anderson ; Herr F. Jon,r,limans,
Mr. Henshaw, S. Jones, J. Barker, W. Melling, Senor Antonio,E. L Mine, Mr. Badsey, Senor Tiroli, Mr. Cozens, Mr. Bell,
Mr. Barnard, and Mr. St. Alb n. Mr. John G. Forde and E.
W. Mackney. Pianoforte, Mr. Cecil Hicks—Harmonium,
Mr. Courtnay—Director, Herr F. Jonghmans. Commence at
7 precisely. Suppers, &c. until 12 o'clock.

NOTICE.—The Proprietor begs respectfully to announce
that in the month of October,
A FIVE ARTS GALLERY,
now in course of construction, will be thrown open in con-
nexion with the above HalL

POYAL GARDENS, VAUXIIALL.
1-1) —Director, Mr. R. DUFFELL.—EXTENSION OF THE
SUMMER SEASON FOR ONE WEEK MORE, by special
desire.—On MONDAY EVENING Concert in the Handel
Orchestra, supported by Mrs. Lawrence, Mrs. P. Cord,
Messrs. P. Cord, Russell Grover, C. Sloman, Elijah Taylor,
and Master Haydn Corri. On the „Ballet stage, Mr. G.
Thompson, will go through his wonderful evolutions.— Mr.
James Robinson, the Great American bare back rider, will
appear in the Cirque Imperial, in conjunction with the
talented Company of Equestrians (including Madame Blanche,
the Equestrian Magnet), under the direction of her Majesty'a
Clown, H. Croueste.—Splendid Illuminations.—Brilliant Py-
rotechnic Displays.—Dancing before and alter the fireworks.
—Two Bands.—Open every evening, wet or dry, from Monday
to Friday, at Seven ; Saturdays at Three. Military Bands
at Form—Maypole and waltz dances by Chapino's Troupe
until Six, when the usual entertainments commence.—Admis-
sion, One Shilling • Children, Sixpence. Open on Sunday
at Five ; refreshineit ticket, 6d.

THE WEATHER.-SUN OFFICE, SEPT. 25,

THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
6.s—highest since noon yesterday.
63—lowest this morning and during the night.
68—this day at noon.

BAROMETER-30.55.
Wing, North-Westerly ; light, and fine.

THE SUN.

SATURDAY. SEPTEMBER 25, 1858.

Another remarkable oration upon a grand theme,
recently delivered by a man of extraordinary emi-
nence, has followed close upon that superb eulogium
of NEWTON by Lord BROUGHAM. Scarcely had
those eloquent accents ceased vibrating upon the
popular ear when Professor OWEN read that ela-
borate, and in many respects masterly, address to
the British Association, given in extenso in our
impression of last evening—the Address by which
his Presidency at Leeds in 1858 was formally
inaugurated.
If in nothing else, the British Association is
certainly productive of advantage to tie general
cmmunity in this—that year after year it enables
some gifted intelligence to survey anew, from the
watch tower of the Present, the advance made in
the development of science generally. Occasionally,
as in this instance of RICHARD OWEN, the great
physiologist, the President of the British Associa-
tion, a man who, in one or ether of the departments
of natural philosophy, or the physical sciences, stands
foremost among all living contemporaries. Thus
it is that the survey taken of our past progress
assumes to itself a peculiar and paramount impor-
tance. Insomuch that even those who are accus-
tomed habitually to depreciate the annual labours of
the Association are constrained to forego for once
the indulgence of their pert and hackneyed
cynicism, and listen or read as beseems those
who are addressed by an intellect remarkable for
its rare endowments. Nevertheless, even thus de-
nied for once the wretched luxury of reviving, yet
again, sneers repeated season after season with
damnable iteration"—the Times must needs pre-
face the report given in its columns of the splendid
inaugural address by Professor OWEN, by desig-
nating it spitefully " a very prolix document."
Yet examine this document carefully from first to
last, and it is assuredly difficult to admit anywhere
of its being noticeable for prolixity.
Beginning with a reference to the geological
revelations hitherto vouchsafed to the industry and
research of man, the orator remarked eloquently
upon the awful and scarcely conceivable lapse
of centuries during which this earth of
ours has been revolving in its orbit. " Yet,"
he added, " during all those wras that have passed
since the Cambrian rocks were deposited which
bear the impressed record of creative power, as it
was then manifested, we know, through the inter.
preters of these writings on stone,' that the earth
was vivified by the sun's light and heat, was fer-
tilised by refreshing showers, and washed by tidal
waves. No stagnation has been permitted to air
or ocean. The vast body of waters not only moved,
as a whole, in orderly oscillations, regulated,
as now, by sun and moon, bin 'were rippled- ru'd
agitated by winds and storms. The atmosphere was
healthily influenced by its horizontal currents, an dby
ever-varying clouds and vapours, rising, condensing,
dissolving,and falling in endless vertical circulation."
Nobly was it observed by him furthermore, after
remarking that ," with life from the beginning
there has been death"—" And herein we discover
the greater beneficence and wisdom ; that through
death, whether sudden or preceded by a brief decay,
the individual enjoys the various phases of life—.

accelerate the dreaded evil. Their unemployed
balances constitute the test of abundance or scarcity,

and in proportion as these assume an unparalleled

healthy, assimilative growth, active youth, and

vigorous maturity, with the procreative faculties

and instincts to boot—and as life rises in the scale,

even to. the present highest form, foreknowing

of his end, death is still the condition on which

are enjoyed man's purest pleasures—the reve-

rential love of parents—the holy affections of
wedlock—the fond yearning towards offspring."
As incentives to philosophical research, what

could be more admirable than these two sen-

tentious observations ?—'

" The simplest coral and

the meanest insect may have something in its his-
tory worth knowing, and in some way profitable.

Every organism is a character in which Divine

wisdom is written, and which ought to be 'ex-
pounded." Again, was it not exquisitely- said by

MR. CII ARLES KEAN'S FAREWELL I Professor OWEN, later on, that "in the operations
SEASON, as Manager of the ROYAL PRINCESS'S
TIIEATItI,„ will commence on SATURDAY, the 2nd Oct. of nature there is generally a succession of
,
next, and conclude onSaturday, the 30th July. processes co-ordinated for a given r 4 suit"—
embellishing the thought with this graceful
illustration :—" A peach is not directly developed
as such from its elements; the seed would, a priori,
give no idea of the tree, nor the tree of the flower,
nor the fertilised germ of that flower of the pulpy
fruit in which the seed is buried." Yet this is the
oration impertinently announced to be " a very
prolix document," by the systematic depreciator
of the annual efforts towards the advancement of
science made by the members of the British As-
sociation. It is a prolixity to the infliction of which
we would often willingly be subjected.

Money is rapidly becoming, what is ordinarily
termed, " a drug in the market." The bullion is
rapidly increasing, £485,150 being added to the
former amount during the past week, and the
whole amounting to £19,134,065, of which
£18,406,305 is locked up in the vaults of the Bank,
and thus, for the time being, rendered of no greater
value than an equal weight of paving stones; while
£727,760 is employed in the banking depart-
ment, being an ample supply for every probable
demand. The reserve of notes consequent on this
state of affairs has reached.the enormous amount of
£12,865,000, the increase within the past week
being £585,380 ; that of the bullion being, as we
have already stated, £485,150, the balance being
made up by a diminution of notes in general cir-
culation, and also of " other securities."
As we have repeatedly explained, £4,000,000 is the
estimated " reserve of notes" required to be retained
in hand, for the general purposes of the banking de-
partment. When, then, nearly £13,000,000 are idle
and unemployed, or nearly £9,000,000 in excess of
the proper amount, it is manifest that the bank is
charging more than the ordinary rate of the money
market, and that there must be a still further reduc-
tion in the rate of discount if the directors desire
to meet their constituents, the proprietors of Bank
Stock—to whom their first allegiance is due—in
a satisfactory manner on the next occasion of declar-
ing a dividend. This is one of the great evils of the
Act of 1844, to which we have repeatedly directed
public attention. There is always " a feast or a
famine" in the money market: At one time any
plausible security will be accepted, and money ad-
vanced at 1 or 2 per cent. ; at another, within the
very same year, ten times the amount will cheer-
fully be paid by men willing to relinquish all the
profits for which they had laboured, and to make
any sacrifice in order to maintain their credit.
What is 20 . per cent. for three months
to a man engaged in a severe struggle ? If
his worst anticipations should be realised—if he
should be compelled to suspend payments and have
his affairs either " wound up under inspection,"
enter into a compromise, or pass through the
purifying atmosphere of Basinghall-street, a shil-
ling in the pound, more or less, will be of com-
paratively trivial importance. He may therefore
as well " screw his courage to the sticking place,
and stand they hazard of the die ;" and when
almost every commercial transaction has
been reduced to a gambling speculation
by the violent and almost unprecedented perturba-
tions and fluctuations of the money markets,
where is the honest man that can " cast the first
stone" against his erring brother, whose fate he
might himself have experienced if the " hard cal-
culators" had been permitted to have their own
way a little longer ? We believe that many of the
commercial frauds that have created such intense
excitement throughout the length and breadth of
the land have been produced by the ope-
ration of the monetary code, and the prospect of
a rapid and decisive change before the obligations
entered into became payable. Last November,
before the issue of the Government letter, the
minimunz rate of discount at the Bank of England
was 10 per cent., and money could not be obtained
on unexceptionable ;Securities at much less than
double that rate, or 20 per cent., in Lombard-street.
In this present September, notwithstanding the
temporary pressure occasioned by the stringent
enforcement of revenue payments, the rate in the
open market has not advanced above 21 per cent.,
This is not our statement, but that of the Times,
which may be accepted as an unexceptionable witness
on such a point, and which adds, " With the dis-
bursement of the dividends about a fortnight hence,
the supply must therefore become excessive even
at these terms, and the Bank must decide upon a
reduction, or continue altogether without business."
It requires no very powerful arguments to con-
vince us of the course that will inevitably be
pursued. 'The Directors will try to turn the
humble shilling. Speculation of every kind will
be stimulated, and eventually another monetary
crisis will take place, by which the hard calculators
will add to their already enormous fortunes.
The Times, as the exponent of the policy of these
not very amiable gentlemen, strongly advocates the
propriety of these fluctuations, which, notwithstand
ign the evils that must result therefrom, it manifestly
regards as the natural state of affairs. It says, by
attempting to control the market, the Bank would bu

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