biglam/hmd_newspapers huggingface dataset:
The Sun.
London, England, 1860-09-08

Londoia : H. Bailliere, 219, Regent-street.

Just published, price ls. ; by post, ls. ld. ; sealed, 18. 6d.,
DR. BRIGHrs MANUAL on SPERMA-
TORRMEA and' other URINARY DEPOSITS.
With Cases and Drawings from Life, &c., dtc. Licentiate of
the College of Physicians, Member of the Royal College of
Surgeons, &c., &c.
Contents :—Modern Treatment of Syphilis—Stricture—
Impotency—Unhealthy and Debilitated Offspring—Diseases
of the Urinary Organs—Non retention of Urine—Desire for
Solitude—Groundless Fears—lncapacity for Married Life,
&c. ; showing how these supnosed incurable maladies may
be efectually eradicated by the most simple means. Pub-
lished and sold by J. Allen, 20, Warwick-lane, Paternoster-
row, London.

DR. KAHN'S MUSEUM NOW OPEN.

ARGYLL ROOMS, Windmill-street, Piccadilly
RE-OPENED for the WINTER SEASON for PRO-
MENADE CONCERTS, with the following powerful cast,
consisting of selections from Il Trovatore, Martha, Lurline,
Huguenots, L'Etoile du Nord, Sze. Dancing at Ten o'clock.
The Original Band, established ten years. Conducted by M.
LAMOTTE. Admission, is.

THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY ROOMS,
In GU HOLBORN.—The PROPRIETOR
begs to announce the completion of the alterations, decora-
tions, /cc., of the above popular and splendidly-appointed
Ball Room, which, during the recess, has undergone a com-
plete renovation, is embellished in the most elaborate and
elegant manner—including a new and beautifully-painted
Ceiling—and is also furnished in a novel and costly style ; and
is now RE-OPENED for the Season. The justly-celebrated
Band, conducted by Mr. W. M. Packer, will perform a new
selection from Wallace's " Maritana," Jullien's Last Waltz,
&c. Doors open at eight o'clock and close at 12 punctually.
Admission, Is.

KEATING'S COD LIVER OlL.—The Pale
Newfoundland, pure and tasteless, the Light Brown,
cheaper and of good quality. The demand for these oils,
most highly recommended for their medicinal pr3perties, has
so greatly increased that Mr. Keating, being anxious to bring
them within the reach of all classes now imports, direct, the
P .le, from Newfoundland, and the Brown from the Norwe-
gian Islands.—The Pale may be had in half-pints, is 6d ;
pints, 2s 6d ; quarts, 4s 6d. The Light Brown, in pints,
114 8d ; quarts, 3s. No higher price need be paid. At 79, St.
Paul's-churchyard.
London, England, 1860-09-08

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Sitt,—l observe in your Parliamentary report of
last Thursday that Mr. Brady asked Lord Palmer-
ston "if there were any political difficulties in the
way of the project for the junction of the Atlantic
and Pacific oceans by a ship canal across the
Isthmus of Darien, from Caledonia Bay to the Gulf
of San Miguel ; and if Gavernment was prepared
to co-operate with the Emperor of the French, who
has offered to send a vessel of war and a staff of
engineers to survey the line, which his Majesty has.
declared to be perfectly feasible," to which Lord
Palmerston replied that there was no political im-
pediment whatever to the execution of a canal
across that Isthmus : his lordship, however, further
stated that "the officer in charge of the surveying
expedition. of 1854 gave it as his onion that the
project was impracticable."
Having been engaged on the expedition as sur-
geon of her Majesty's ship Espregle, and having on
several occasions accompanied Commander Parsons,
of her Majesty's surveying ship Scorpion, on his
survey, I beg leave to state a fact of which his lord-
ship was not aware - namely, that after the officer
in charge had left for England, in April, 1854, to
report the impracticability of the canal, Commander
Parsons discovered and took the bearings of the
valley which the engineers had failed to find, and
laid it down in his chart of Caledonia Harbour and
Port Eeossais, published by the Admiralty in Sep,
tember, 1854, and to be had at Bates, the chart
seller's, 31, Poultry.
The verification of the existence of this valley,
the entrance of which looks towards the north-
west end of Senardi Islands, in Caledonia Harbour,
completely removes all doubt of the practicability
of the canal, for, with the exception of about three
miles, which are crossed by the Cordillera, the rest
of the line presents every facility for the execution
of a canal. Now, since the Cordillera, though
apparently as a " backbone" from a distance, is
really intersected by a valley opposite Caledonia
Bay, all impracticability or even difficulty disap-
pears ; and the statement of the existence of a val-
ley in that position, published by Dr. Cullen in
1852, as the result of his perilous and persevering
explorations in 1849, 1850, 1851, and 1852, is
proved to be true.
Having myself distinctly seen the valley, and
having tested Dr. Cullen's original statements
which lid to the organisation of the expedition,
and always found them to be strictly accurate, I
have 110 hesitation in repeating the opinion I iong
siac•3 expressed, that if Dr. Cullen had been Per-
mitted to guide the exploring party the result of
the expedition would have been completely kuc-
cessful.--I have the honour to be, sir, your most
obedient servant,

W. M'DERMOTT,
Surgeon R.N., E.R.C.S.L.
Newtown Forbes, Long ford, Ireland,
August 29, 1860.

Mr. Abraham George Robarts,-the head of the
banking firm of Robarts, Lubboch, and Co., tied yesterday
after a short illness.
London, England, 1860-09-08

ORFAT WESTERN RAILWAY.-
J 1 On SUNDAY. the 16th September, an EXCURSION
['RAIN will.kave Par!ditto-ton at 7.45 a.m., and Readirnr at
8.55 a.m., for CHIPPENHAM, BATH, and BRISTOL, re-
turning- the same day from Bristol at 7 p.m
Fares, there and back
Chippenham or Bath..
Bristol

9s. and ss.
.10s. and 6s.

aREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.-
GRAND REVIEW OF VOLUNTEER; A.T GLOU-
CESTER, September 18th.—On SATURDAY, the 15th Sep-
tember, nn .Excursion Train will leave Paddington at 3.30
p.m., and Reading at 4.40 1) in. for GLOUCESTER and the
undermentioned Stations, returnin.,, on Wednesday, the 10th
September

Fares, there and back
Cirencesterir Stroud
Gloucester or Cheltenham
Ross and Hereford
For further particulars see bills.

.12s. and 6s.
.1-Is. and 7s.
.16s. and Ss.

(_,IREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.-
‘--9 TWELVE DAYS' EXCURSION to the WEST of
ENGLAND, offerin,-; facilities for vieiting Tavistock, Truro,
Penzance, tic.
An Excursion Train will leave Paddington at 8 a.m., and
Reading at 9.10 a.m., on MONDAY, September 17, for Weston-
super-Mare, Hi. hbridfge Bridgewater, and Taunton, fares:os. and 11s. ; Tiverton and Exeter, 225. 6d. and 165.; tar-
cross, Dawlish, and Teignmouth, 25s and 17s. ; Newton, Tor-
quay, Paignton, and Totncs,27s. and 13s. ; Eingsbridge Road
and Plymouth, and Barnstaple (for Ilfracombe). and Bide-
ford, 30s and 20s. ; returning on Saturday, September 29, from
Plymouth (and Bideford) at 6 a.m., and intermediate stations
;as per bills.
RETURN TICKETS, at single fares, available up to the
22. th September, will be issued at Plymouth to Passengers
wishing to proceed to any station on the Tavistock, Corn-
wall, or West Cornwall Railways.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.-
TOURISTS' SEA-SIDE and FAMILY TICKETS,
available for a month, or longer by extra payment, are now
issued at Paddington and other principal stations.
To Exeter, Bideford, Barnstaple, Dawlish, Teignmouth,
Torquay, and Paignton, 50s. first class. and 355. second class.
'Truro, 60s. and 40s. And Penzance, Css. and 455. To parties
'of not les: than three persons.
To Weymouth, Dorchester, and Bridport, 355. and 255. ; to
.arties taking three or more tickets.
To the Isle of Iran, Bangor, and Beaumaris, via Chester
and Liverpool, 70s. and 50s.
To Llandudno, via Liverpool, 61s. and 475.
To Carnarvon, via Llangollen and Llanberris, and to Bala
and Dolgelly, via Llangollen, 70s. and 50s.
To Narberth-road and New Milford, tor Tenby and Milford
11, • Haven.—Tourists' tickets, 725. and 555. ; family tickets (to
parties of not less than three persons), 635. and 455.
00.3 t, To Limerick and Killarney, for the south of Ireland, via
Milford Haven and Waterford. £5 ss. and £4.
Bills, giving full particu ars, can be obtained at the Com-
ipany's offices and stations, or upon application to the Super-
intendent at Paddington.
London, England, 1860-09-08

::FEAT MARLBOROUGH-STREET, W., NEAR
THE PANTHEON.
CULVERWELL, Member of the Royal
L./College of Surgeons, Licentiate of Midwifery, and Apo-
/wearies' Hall, London, can be consulted daily (only) as
shove, on all cases of Nervous Debility, Languor, Incapacity,
Less of Memory, Sterility, and all Functional Derangements
of both Sexes, emanating from early and excessive indul-
gences
Has Just published, price ls. ; by post, 13 stamps.
18 sealed,
No. 4,
An entire new and oriffinal Work, entitled
OURSELVES.
Synopsis : The Physiology and Anatomy of our Generation
.-The Origin of Disease—Symptoms, Treatment, and Cure.
Also, an Exposition of. and Remedy for, all Urinary Derange-
ments and Marital Disqualifications,
MALE.
The modern treatment of Syphilis, Stricture, Blennorrhagia
Gonorrhoea), Spermatorrhcea, Impotency, and all Diseases ni
i•he Urinary Organs, with Prescriptions, &c.
FEMALE.
The Physiology and Anatomy of Women- Functional Ir-
regularities in Health and Sickness—Choice in Marriage—
Their Expectancies and Disappointments—Toe Cause and
Removal of Sterility—The Theory and Symptoms of Gesta-
tien—Use of the Speculum. Also,
No. 1.
HEA LTII, HAPPINESS, and LONGEVITY ;
On Debility, Nervousness, Dyspepsia, and Indigestion.
No. 2.'
LOVE AND MARRIAGE :
['heir Obligations, Happiness, and Disappointments ; Loy,
tad other Matches. Sterility Removed, and Healthy ()T-
A pring secured..

No. E.
TEfE CASE BOOK
100 Cases of SPERMATORRH(EA,

Their Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment, Confessions and
Cure by Cauterisations, Galvanivm, &c. &c. &a.
't'o be had of Mann, 39, Cornhill ; and the Authors.
Advice to the Working Classes fee Half-a-Guinea.
(SPECIAL NOTICE.)
Dr. Culverwell is the only legally qualified medical practi-
tioner living of that name, and can be consulted (only as
above).
London, England, 1860-09-08

LIVERPOOLSEPT. 7. '

There was a slender attendance of millers and dealers at
this morning's market, with little disposition to buy except
f'or immediate wants. Wheat may be quoted 3d per cental
advance on Tuesday's rates. Flour was inactive, prices at
is per sack and barrel lower on the week. Oats and oat-
meal were in moderate request, at late rates. Beans, peas,
and barley remain without alteration in value or demand.
In Indian corn there was an easier business done.

MANSFIELD—SEPT. 6.
A moderate show of wheat at market to-day, for which
the trade was inactive for most samples, at a decline of le
on last week. Beans scarce and rather dearer, and oats also
scarce. White ruled at 65s to 71s, red 62sto 66s per qr.
Barley, 29s to 45s ; oats, 28s to 32s ; beans, 47s to 525;
peas, —5 to —s.

EXETER—SEPT. 7.
A fair business was done in the corn market to-day, and
quotations were 4s under late rates. '1 he attendance was
small.
Wheat, white.. 8s Od to Os Od Barley.... 4s 4d to 4s 6d
I
Ditto red 7s 9d to Os Od Oats 3s 6d to 4s Od
Flour, fine, 46s to 47s ; seconds, 44a to 45s per sack.
CATTLE.

There was a small attendance of dealers at the market,
owing to the fine weather. Business dull.
Fat beef,p score, lls to 11s6d Ewes, per lb 6d to 6id
Perk carcases,do Ils to 12s Od Wetliers, d 0...... 6d to 7d
Sheep, per lb. ..... 7d to —d Fat calves, d 0.... bid to 7d
Rough fat, 4d. per lb.

BRISTOL SUGAR—SEPT. 7.
We have had a better demand for raw sugars, and price*
are 3d to 6d per cwt. dearer. Refiners' produce firm. No
altoration in rums.

ADVERTISEMENT.]—HoIIoway's Ointment and
Diarrhoea, Cholera.--The victims of those diseases are
again enumerated in the weekly bills of mortality. With
the hot, damp weather, defective drainage, and impure ex-
halations, the number of deaths from these two diseases.
will steadily increase, unless some treatment be found
capable of counteracting and overcoming them. When
flatulence and indigestion first give warns ng of the coming
evil, Holloway's ointment should be assiduously rubbed
over the abdomen, while his pills are taken internally.
These remedies act harmoniously together, and effectually'
arrest diarrhcea, or cholera. Under the judicious use of
Holloway's preparations the tongue bocontes less furred, the
failing appetite returns, and vigour is renewed. The ner-
vous system is invigorated by them, and health restored.
London, England, 1860-09-08

of the virtues they desired. Some deliberately and al-
most avowedly disregarded the studies of the schools,
rather leading their sons to consider that their first
objects were the formation of good connexions for
after life, and the acquisition of good manners.
Ilia boys, in such cases, were the victims of bad
homes rather than bad schools. The sons of such
parents were very injurious to schools, and it was
the duty of masters to give such boys ample warn-
ing and trial, but if these failed to send them away,
as one would send away an infectious patient, as
kindly as might be, and with as little disgrace as
possible, so that the removal might not fail to pro-
duce a good effect upon the school, while it could
not injure the boy himself, but might do him good.
There was great wisdom in the maxim, " Learn or
depart." In conclusion, he said the public schools
of England had a powerful influence on the Eng-
lish character. To have been together at Eton,
Harrow, Winchester, or Rugby was a tie for life ;
and to have been friends there was a charm which
made the holiest friendship more holy. Even to
have been in the same school, the same class, and
the same chapel was a link which bound together
old and young, great and humble, soldier and
civilian, and made personal strangers at once
familiar by common associations. (Cheers.) And
so Wellesley, the stately and puissant governor of
millions, and Charles Metcalfe, a boy from Eton,
commencing his course in life, met first on the
banks of the Hooghley, and felt themselves the
sons of the same mother. A feeling such as this
operated on the character, and it spread so widely
and deeply as to leaven the mass. But this was
not all.--for the education itself was of a kind to
favour the growth of certain qualities. Of course
a strong and uncongenial nature might overpower
it, but it tended in itself, with a silent force, to
make men ready to oblige, affable, and self-reliant ;
it helped to the development of common sense and
dexterity in the ordinary concerns of life ; to make
men cheerful in retirement, agreeable in society, no
less than to bear their parts gallantly and cleverly
in the tumult and conflicts of public life. In a
word, it fostered that assemblage of qualities
which, combined with the higher ones of integrity-
and goodness, constituted the accomplished gentle-
man. His last words then were—Esto perpettm.
(Cheers.)
A cordial vote of thanks was accorded to the
right hon. gentleman at the close of his lecture.
London, England, 1860-09-08

THE ABODE OF DEATH.

The officers of health in various metropolitan
parishes have more than once urged the necessity for
establishing local mortuaries for the temporary
reception of the bodies of those who have
fallen victims to disease, especially of a con-
tagious nature, and which remain under existing
circumstances sources of infection and of horror in
the crowded rooms of the living,—often awaiting
burial during many days in a room filled with
human beings, of whom some are not unfrequently
already stricken with illness. Such a case, by no
means a very exaggerated or unusually painful ex-
ample, presented itself this week before the notice
of Mr. Paynter, one of the metropolitan magis-
trates, who acknowledged the difficulty, the danger,
and the horror, but could in no way apply a remedy.
A poor woman solicited his advice, stating that at
nine o'clock on Monday night a child of hers died
of cholera, ever since which it had bean lying la
the same room in which her husband,herself,amad
two other children were living. The parish had
refused to bury it, and told her to do so onSti at all
with her husband's wages ; but if she
did that
hat to do.
of them must starve, and she knew not What case,
Mr. Paynter said " it was a very Oa°'
as a pestilence might arise andbesides It
every one in the house, and others one's duty to
was very strange, but it bers destructive to
cwhether the parish
bury the body, and he dousbeteerg If it was anyone's
could be compelled to do IT he could notp
i all she could do would
ut
co
owl ne
r-
duty, it surely was theirs, He had no
pel the parish to bury
whatever to assist her, and
be to consult the c • ~
Poor-law omnussioners. The
poor woman left
court in tears.
suchthe
e cases the parish
Observe that in is (mays im-
personate, and is supposed to b e a brute of the neuter
gender, requu. violent
lug the most compulsion toall acts of humanity
glad and tenderness. This beintg so,
we should be to hear that there was a pro-
bability of legal provision for carrying into .effect
the suggestion of local mortuaries, and prevei sting
such horrors as these. In any case where the' rela-
tives were believed to possess the means but nstAt the
will to defray the expenses of burial, the po-svers of
the law might be severely applied ; but decency,
humanity, and the laws of health need n' of on that
account be systematically outraged.—k a:fleet.
London, England, 1860-09-08

DEATHS.

- -
BATTY.—On the 4th inst., at Woodham Lodge, Lavender-
hill, Wandsworth, William Batty, Esq., of 26, Charles-
street, St. Jamed s' quare, and late of 1, Sussex-gardens,
66.
Hyde- park , ao•
BLAKE.—On the 3d ult., Sir Francis Blake, Bart., of
Twizel Castle, and Tilmouth-park, Northumberland
aged 86.
DuNcAN.—On the 4th inst., at South Bank, Surbiton-hill,
Andrew Duncan, Esq.: aged 78.
FENIVICK.—On the Ist inst , at Bath the Rev. John P. L
,
Fenwick, 8.A., aged 68. •
HALL.--On the sth inst., at St. John's Villas, Haverstock
hill, James Hall, of the firm of W. and J. Hall and Co.,
Staining-lane, city, aged 36.
KECK.—On the 4th inst., at Bank-hall, Chorley, Lanca-
shire, George Anthony Legh Keck, Esq., M.P. for the
county of Leicester for 35 years, aged 86.

LONDON : Printed and Published by MURDO YOUNG,
of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun Dftice, No. 112,
Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the county of
Middlesex, Saturday, September 11, 1360.
London, England, 1860-09-08

COAL MAR:

(Prices of Coal per Ton at

. •
s. d.
Buddle'sWest Hartley 16 6
Tanfield Moor 13 3
Tanfield Moor Butes 13 3
Howard's West Hart- _ _

ley .. l6 6
Hastings Hartley l6 9
Davison's West Hart-
_ _

16 6
Holywell 16 0
Eden Main 17 9
West Hartley 16 0
Strak er' sW est 17 artley 16 6
Clark's West Hartley 16 0
Walker Primrose 13 9
Wylam....

Walls End.

Acorn Close ..17 9
Shincliffe 18 0
Ships at market

TBIS DAY'S SHIPPING.

LONDON, Sept. B.—Wind this. day at noon—North
moderate breeze, and fine weather.

pOUTIWIPTON, Sept. 7.—Wind N.N.W.—Sailed—
Speedy, for Bombay ; Tagus, steamer, for Lisbon.
NEWPORT, Sept 7.—Wind N.W.—Arrived—Heraldia,
from Bristol for Pernambuco; Gazella, from Liverpool for
Hong Kong. Sailed—ldda Kimbach, for St. Thomas;
Ann Gabriel, for Madras.

QUEENSTOWN, Sept. 6.—Wind N.N.W.—Arrived—
Boanerges, from London for Auckland ; Kangaroo, screw
steamer, from Liverpool for New York.
TuooN, Sept. 7.—Wind N.W.—Arrived—Stamboul,
from Newry. Sailed—Scotsman, for Demerara; Defiance,
for Yarmouth, U.S.

CLYDE, Sept. 7.—Wind N.E.—Arrived—Hunter, from
Trinidad.

LIVERPOOL, Sept. B.—Wind N.N.W.—Arrived—Persia,
screw steamer, from New York.

FALMOUTH, Sept. 7.—The Mary Russell, from Cardiff
to Palermo, which arrived here to-day, put in to stop a
leak.

(BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.)
SOUTHAMPTON, Saturday Morning•

Wind N. ' • hazy.
Arrived, Sept. 7.—Tapperhetan, from Gothenburg'
Maria Louise, from Christiania; Express, from Jersey;
Quarry Maid, from Middlesborough; Rover, from New-
castle.
Sailed.—Marquis of Bute, Gratitude, and Valiant, for
Sunderland; Tagus, steamer, for Lisbon; HEIVII, steamer,
for.Havre; Courier. steamer, for Jersey.

(BY SUBMARINE AND MAGNETIC/ TELEGRAPH.)
GuAvzsuzin, Saturday Morning.
ers,
Wind W.N.W. ; fine.
aeyilorain Bgr.e-
Arrived Trident, fromni Tanning ; Metropameolitan,
steamer, from Hamburg ; lonng and Tiger, st
from
,Toning ; Moselle, steamer, from Antwerp ; Bel-
gium, steamer, from Ostend ;D.A.ElidLe3r,sashi,dr, from
steamer,
Bre-
men ; Eliaa Forbes, from .Archangel.

Wind N.E., moderate.
Passed in Tow—Appleton, from Trinidad, for London ,
Jane Symons, for Algoa Bay ; Wreath, for
Seine and Tamise, 'craw steamer, for Paris ; Johanna, for
New York ;
Liverpool—all from London.

At the Bank of England yesterday the Court of
Directors ordered a gratuity of 10 per cent. on the salaries
of all the clerks who have been in the establishment more
than two years. They likewise ordered a gratuity of 11,000
each to Mr. Gray and Mr. Marshall, the chief accountant
and chief cashier, with a complimentary acknowledgment
on their respectiTely having completed 50 years of ammo.'
London, England, 1860-09-08

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

observe in your Parliamentary report of
last Thursday that Mr. Brady asked Lord Palmer-
ston " if there were any political difficulties in the
way of the project for the junction of the Atlantic
and Pacific oceans by a ship canal across the
Isthmus of Darien, from Caledonia Bay to the Gulf
of San Miguel ; and if Government was prepared
to co-operate with the Emperor of the French, who
has offered to send a vessel of war and a staff of
engineers to survey the line, which his Majesty has
declared to be perfectly feasible," to which Lord
Palmerston replied that there was no political im-
pediment whatever to the execution of a canal
across that Isthmus : his lordship, however, further
stated that " the officer in charge of the surveying
expedition of 1854 gave it as his opinion that the
project was impracticable."
Having been engaged on the expedition as sur-
geon of her Majesty's ship Espiegle, and having on
several occasions accompanied Commander Parsons,
of her Majesty's surveying ship Scorpion, on his
survey, I beg leave to state a fact of which his lord-
ship was not aware —namely, that after the officer
in charge had left for England, in April, 1854, to
report the impracticability of the canal, Commander
Parsons discovered and took the bearings of the
valley which the engineers had failed to find, and
laid it down in his chart of Caledonia Harbour and
Port Ecossais, published by the Admiralty in Sep-
tember, 1854, and to be had at Bates, the chart
seller's, 31, Poultry.

The verification of the existence of this valley,
the entrance of which looks towards the north-
west end of Senardi Islands, in Caledonia Harbour,
completely removes all doubt of the practicability
of the canal,-for, with the exception of about three
miles, which are crossed by the Cordillera, the rest
of the line presents every facility for the execution
of a canal. Now, since the Cordillera, though
apparently as a " backbone" from a distance, is
really intersected by a valley opposite Caledonia
Bay, all impracticability or even difficulty disap-
pears; and the stateniekt of the existence of a val-
ley in that position, published by Dr. Cullen in
1852, as the result of his perilous and persevering
explorations in 1849, 1850, 1851, and 1852, is
proved to be true,
Having myself distinctly seen the valley, and
having tested Dr. Cullen's original statements
which led to the organisation of the expedition,
and always found them to be strictly accurate, I
have no hesitation in repeating the opinion I long
since expressed, that if Dr. Cullen had been per-
mitted to guide the exploring party the result of
the expedition would have been completely suc-
cessful.---I have the honour to be, sir, your most
obedient servant,

W. MWERMOTT, M.D.,
Surgeon R.N., F.R.C.S.L.
Newtown Forbes, Longford, Ireland,
August 29, 1860.

Mr. Abraham George Robarts, the head of the
banking firm of Itobarts, Lubboch, and Co., died yesterday
after a short illness.
London, England, 1860-09-08

FRANCE.

BOURSE, Sept. 7.—The market at the opening
showed a slight improvement in tone, and Threes
went up from 67f 90c., the first quotation, to 68f.
That figure, however, was not long maintained.
the price being now again at 67f 90e. Mobilier,
680 f; Orleans, 1,375 f ; Mediterranean, 885 f ; Aus-
trian, 472 f 50c ; Lombards, 470 f. The amount of
business transacted continues very limited. The
following are the last quotations :-
41 per per Cents 95 50 Credit Fonder 895
Do end wonth.... Belgian 4/ 9B —•
3 per Cents
Do. end month 67 95 Roman
Bank Shares . . 2BOO —lAustrian .... 77
Credit Mobilier 681 25 ' Spanish Threes,... 48
Do. Aceoun` 682 50 ; Home Debt

RAILWAYS.
Cash. Account.
Orleans 1375 1375
Nort heru
New ditto B7O
Lyons and Mediterranean 888 75 .. 887 50
Geneva 360 .. 360
Southern
Western
Eastern
Sardinian
A,istrian
Lombard
London, England, 1860-09-08

THE ABODE OF DEATH.

The officers of health in various metropolitan
parishes have more than once urged the necessity for
establishing local mortuaries for the temporary
reception of the bodies of those who have
fallen victims to disease, especially of a con-
tagious nature, and which remain under existing
circumstances sources of infection and of horror in
the crowded rooms of the living,—often awaiting
burial during many days in a room filled with.
human beings, of whom some are not unfrequentl,y
already stricken with illness. Such a case, bvy no
means a very exaggerated or unusually painfrai ex-
ample, presented itself this week before the, notice
of Mr. Paynter, one of the metropolitan magis-
trates, who acknowledged the difficulty, the danger,
and the horror, but could in no way apply a remedy.
A poor woman solicited his advice, stating that at
nine o'clock on Monday night a child of hers died
of cholera, ever since which it had been lying il
the same room in which her husband, herself, all
two other children were living. The parish 11!:
d
refused to bury it, and told her to do so on Satuarf
all
with her husband's wages ; but if she diciliatth ' "
t 0 do,
of them must starve, and she knew not liog.
Mr. Paynter said "it was a very c case,
as a pestilence might arise and be
dent
esides. It
every one in the house, and other: one's duty to
was very strange, but it seem sh°ructive to
eahlether the parish
bury the body, and he doubted Iri, it was anyone's
could be compelled to do
bs°ll.t ho could not com-
duty, it surely was their.st, He had no rower
pel the parish to bury i d all she could d(j would
whatever to assist her, an , • .
_ law uommissionors," The
be to consult the ur
are° usurt to inbe tae abrrsu.
poor woman left the •11 *
in such cases Paris is, ways Observe that
im-
personate, and is supposed
the most violent brut© cif
pthueisnioenutetor
of humanity and tenderness. This being so,
gender, requiring.
all acts
be glad to hear that there was a pro-
of legal provision for carrying into effect
the suggestion of local mortuaries, and preventing
horrors as these. In any case where the rela-
bwaebislhitoyuld
tives were believed to
possess the means bs it not the
will to defray the expenses of burial, the i lowers of
the law might be severely applied; but decency,
humanity, and
account be the laws of health need not ,on that
Fi Y s t e m a t i e a 1 1 y outraged.—Lam get.
London, England, 1860-09-08

THE ROMAN STATES.

The .4driatico, of Ravenna, publishes two orders
of the day of General Lamoriciere. The first places
the town of Sassoferrato, its faubourgs, territory,
and Government in a state of siege ; and appoints
Marquis Lopri, a dragoon officer, and one of the
General's aide de-camps, to take command of the
troops there. The second order authorises the
delegate of the province of Macerata to relinquish
his authority into the hands of the new governor of.
Sass3ferrato should circumstances require it.

A correspondent writes as follows:
" Naples once in Garibaldi's power the Roman
question will nct be long in coming forward. You
'are aware of the instructions that have been sent
from the Tuileries to General de None, who now
commands at Rome in the stead of General Goyon,
who was suspected of being too favourably inclined
to the Pope and to his institutions. I believe that
the French troops will confine themselves to a de-
fence of the person of the Pope, and of the towns
which they actually occupy—that is to say, Rome
and Civita Vecchia. The fortifications of the latter
are being actively carried on, and the French
squadron there has been increased by two steam
frigates. These are precautions which are not
needed. Neither Garibaldi nor any one else thinks
of attacking the French army on the points which
it has resolved to defend."

TILE DARIEN CANAL.
London, England, 1860-09-08

BIRTH&

ANDREWS.—On the 7th inst ,at Addington Lodge, Upper
Hornsey-rise, Mrs. W. IL Andrews, of a daughter.
CASTROVILLARI.-- On the 26th ult., at Naples, the Duchesii
of Castrovillari, of a daughter.
IRBY.—On the 6th inst. , at The Grange,
Taplow, the wife
of the Hon. Mr. Irby, of a son and heir.
JENKINSON.—On the Gth inst., at Eastwood-park, Glou•
cestershire, Lady Jenkinson, of a son

MARRA AGES.
JONES—CitAWLEY.—On tho 6th inst., at Steeple Ashton,
Captain Lewis Jones, Sth (the King's) Regiment, to
Sarah Jane, only daughter of Colonel Crawley, Royal
Engineers.
LYNE---COBBETT.—On the 6th inst., at Sunbury, Middle-
sex, George Philpot Lyne, Esq., of the Accountant-
General's-office Court of Chance-cy, and Twickenham,
Middlesex, to Louisa, fourth daughter of the late Wm.
Cobbett, Esq., of Sunbury.
London, England, 1860-09-08

DR BUCHAN'S PATENT SUGAR-COATED
VEGETABLE PILLS, VEGETABLE SKIN OINT-
MENT, and CONCENTRATED VEGETABLE ESSENCE,
for purifying- the Blood, Regulating the Bowels, and removing
Vitiated Humours, Bilious and Liver Complaints, Rheuma-
tism, Gout, Scorbutic Affections, Costiveness, Skin Erup-
tions, deep-seated Ulcers, and an diseases of the Nervous
System, from whatever cause, Sm., affording at once a new
lease of life to the sickly and aged of both sexes, whilst in
addition imparting a beautiful and clear complexion, so anxi-
ously sought for by all. Proved by the sworn testimonies
made before the Lord Mayor of London, and sitting Magis-
trates. Sold by Buchan and Co , patentees, 22, Newman-street,
Oxford-street, London, W., and all chemists in town and
country. Prices :—Pills, per box, 18.14 d.. 2s. 9d., and Its ;
Ointment, per pot, ls. lid., and 2s. 9d. ; Essence, per bottle,
lls., or family bottle containing four times that quantity, 335.
Agents :—Barclay, 75, Farringdon-street ; J. Sanger, 150,
Oxford-street Hannay, 63, Oxford-street ; Butler, 4, Cheap-
side ; Hooper, 43, King William-street, London-bridge; R.

HoNide% 78, oraCechui-ch-street ; Proui, 229, Strand, 'lc. ,te.
Just published, gratis, or post free for one stamp, to be had
of all Agents, and at 22, Newman-street, Extracts from Dr.
Buchan's Work, entitled, BUCHAN'S DOMESTIC MEDI-
CINES, being a Book of Reference, containing instructions
for the cure of every ailment incidental to man, woman, or
child.
London, England, 1860-09-08

TER INDI4-110USB LIBRARY.

The India-house library, now about to be removed
to the offices of the Board of Control, Cannon-row,
contains upwards of 24,000 volumes of every class
of Eastern literature, of which 8,000 are manu-
script; this latter portion is famous throughout the
world of literature as containing the choicest col-
lection of Sanscrit and Persian MSS. extant ; some
of beautiful caligraphy, superbly illuminated, and
dressed in elegant native binding, among which
are Shah Nanzahs, Korans, and poems in elegan:.
variety, "monuments of native skill and industry.
In this library is the famous Koran, written on
vellum, in the ancient Cufic character, by the
Caliph Othman 111., about 35 of the Hegira (A.D.
655), bearing numerous autographs and seals of
Oriental monarchs. There is also a portion of the
Koran written by Huzut Ali, son-in-law of Maho-
met, with the seal of Timour and other kings of
Persia ; and a memorandum written by Shah Jehan,
referring to his having given 1,500 golden mohurs
for it. Among the early records of the East India
Company are two volumes prepared in the library
containing the autographs of subscribers under an
Act " for raising £2,000,000 upon a fund for pay-
ment of annuities, and for settling the trade to the
East Indies," dated 14th of July, 1698, in the tenth
year of the reign of William 111. The first entry
is by the Commissioners of the Treasury, as sub-
scribers of £lO,OOO in the name of his M-jesty.
The subscribers, 1,344 in number, include most of
the English nobility, as well as foreigners. The
signatures are written on 47 pages of parchment.
The amounts subscribed range from £lOO upwards,
the highest (No. 1,055) being that of John Dubois,
for £315,000. The printed library contains the
largest and most unique collection of works on all
subjects relating to India, China, and the Archi-
pelago ; and as a whole may be regarded as one
of the most valuable as well as useful libraries
in Europe, which is not surprising when it is
remembered that that distinguished Oriental
scholar, Professor H. H. Wilson, was for nearly
a quarter of a century the librarian. It is gra-
tifying to know that the Secretary of State for
India has determined to maintain and extend the
library of the India-office, and render it as perfect
as possible, and has appointed Dr. Ballantyne, of
Benares, to succeed Professor Wilson as principal
librarian, who will bring great talents as an Ori-
ental scholar in carrying out his intentions ; but in
the interval of his return from India the charge has
been intrusted to the assistant, who is making active
preparations for the removal of this library to its
appointed destination.

Premature Greyness, Weak or Falling Hair, Neuralgia,
Nervous Headache, Rheumatism, Stiff Joints, &c., are reme-
died with ease and certainty by HEREING's Patent Magnetic
Brushes and Combs. Their use is an absolute luxury. His
newly-invented Teazle Brushes for Colth, Velvet, &c., are
admirable—they not only cleanse, but preserve the fabric in
a remarkable manner. The Manufactory is 32, Basingball-
street. Thepublic are cautioned against counterfeits.—Anvz
London, England, 1860-12-20

No. S.
THE CASE BOOK :

100 Cases of SPERMATORRHCEA,
Their Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment, Confessions and
Cure by Cauterisations, Galvanism, &a. &O. &c.
To be had of Mann, 39, Cornhill ; and the Authors.
Advice to the Working Classes fee Hall-a-Guinea.
(SPECIAL NOTICE.)
Dr. Culverwell is the only legally qualified medical practi-
tioner living of that name, and can be consulted (only as
above).

CURTIS ON MANHOOD-NEW EDITION:
A MEDICAL ESSAY ON NERVOUS AND GENERA

TIVE DISEASES.
ust Published, the 150th thousand, with numerous plates.
in a sealed envelope, price ls., Sold by all Booksellers, and
sent post paid, by the Author, forl2 stamps,

/I ANHOOD: the CAUSE and CURE of PRE-
MATURE DECLINE with Plain Directions for
Perfect Restoration to Health and Vigour. By Dr. J. L.
CURTIS, 15, Al.bermarle-street, Piccadilly, London.
:CONTENTS :
INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER on the Physiological
'Aructure and Functions of the Reproductive Organs.
CHAPTER IL—Causes of Spermatorrhcea and Impotence;
Early Vicious Indulgences; Dangers of Neglect.
CHAPTER II L—A Review of the various Disqualifications
.1 Marriage ; whether resulting from Youthful Abuse,: the
Follies of Maturity, the Effects of Climate, or Infection.
CHATTER. IV.—The Author's plan of Treatment, Medical
and Moral, being the result of a successful practice extending
over a period of 25 years.
CHAPTERS V. and VI. on the modern Treatment of
Gonorrheca and Syphilis.
The Book concludes with numerous varied and interesting,
aces, to which is added the Author's recipe of a preventive
Lotion.
London, England, 1860-12-20

DEATHS.

ABERDEEN.—On the 14th inst., at Argyll House, in his
77th year, the Right Hon. the Earl of Aberdeen, E.
and K.T.
DEW.—On the 12th inst., of diptheria, George Meyrick
Dew, Lieut. H.M.'s 14th Light Dragoons, aged 30.
HENRY.—On the 17th inst., in Holles-street, Cavendish-
square, Lieutenant-General John Henry, of the Madras
Army.
Hooo.—On the 18th inst., at Streatham-hill, James Hogg,

Esq., of Bahia, Brazils, aged 47.
MILLS.-0n the 14th inst., at Botesdale, the Rev. John

Mills, M.A., aged 52.
ORMSTON.—On the 13th inst., at 5, Saville-place, New-
castlo-on-Tyne, Mrs. Mary Ann Ormston, aged 76.
SToTnanT.—On the 15th inst., at Perrymead, Bath,
Henry Stothert, Esq., aged 63.

tLONDON : Printed and Published by ifURDO YOUNG, of
0 No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Taa Scrl*l O&M, No. 112, Strand.
in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the County of Middlesex,
Thursday, December 20, 1860.
London, England, 1860-12-20

REVIEWS OF THE WORK.

"Curtis on ganhood.--This is a truly valuable work, and
should be in the hands of young and old."—" Sunday Times,"
23d Niarch, 1856.
"The author has conferred a great boon by publishing this
little work, in which is described the source of those diseases
which produce decline In youth or more frequently premature
old age."—" Daily Telegraph," March 27, 1856.
Sold also by Piper and Co., Paternoster-row; Mann, 39
Conthill
London, England, 1860-12-20

Beans

7 7 20s Ou
~
Grindingp.er qr . 54s Od to 555 Od
barley, per qr 33s Od to 35s Od
Maltinp:ditto,
Oats 34s Od

i, 2ss 6d to ,
Millers' prices for flour-2s 3d, 2s sd, and 2s 7d or
141 b,

HULL—DEC. 18.
At to-day's market there was a good attendance, and the
business doing in wheat was of a ready character, at la
to 2s advance on former rates. Malting and grinding barley
also advanced ls. Oats, beans, and peas were in consume'
tive request, at late prices. Linseed cake and rape cake la
favour of the seller.
Wheat.... Old white...-. per qr .. 66s Od to 712 0
Old red ...... ~
New white .. „
New red ... , ~
Dantzic, Konb , &c. old white 62s Od to 66s uo_,
Dute'u, Belgian, and French. 60s Od to 62a u°,,,
Baltic, and Hamburg, red 6os Od to 62s u°_,
St. Petersburg and Riga, old s2s Od to i 55 vv,.,
Barley.... English malting
Grinding 34s Od to 365 Od
Saal and Oderbruck
Holstein and Danish .. 38s Od to 40e Oa
' Grinding
Oats English, old
Archangel and Riga, per at Os 14d to 14
Friesland and Dutch oBl4id to 051
Swedish and Danish osl4d to osl4la,
Beans ..... English, old, per qr 49s Od to 515 0;
New pigeon 442 Od to 45s
,(,,"
New tick 43s Od to 445 u"
Egyptian
.. 38s Od to 405 011
Peas Foreign breakers
43s Od to 465 0(1
Grinding
Tares .... Spring.
Indian Corn
000
ddd
ttt
000 43
—B2
ssBda
Od
Linseed, feeding . 52s Od to 549 04
crushing
Linseed cakes (Hull) £lo 10 0 to £lO 15 0,
Foreign. BlO oto 9 0 v,„
Rape cakes 5 5 oto 6 0 0
Bones 5 0 oto 5 5 0
London, England, 1860-12-20

METROPOLITAN CATTLE MARKET.

There was a large supply of beasts on offer to-day, in
full average condition. All kinds met a dull inquiry, at a
decline in the quotations, compared• with Monday, of from
4d to 6d per 81b. The top figure for the best Scots was
4s 10d per 81bs. The show of sheep was only moderate,
and the mutton trade ruled steady at Monday's currency.
Prime Downs were worth 5s 10d per 81b. We have no
change to notice in the value of calves, the supply of which
was moderate, and the sale for them w.,s by no means
active. Pigs supported late rates, with a moderate demand.
Milch cows were very dull.

Per Sibs to sink the offal.
s. d. s. d. a. d. s. d.
Crse. & inf. beasts 3 2 3 61Primeers-wool do. 4 10 5 6
Second quality do. 3 8 4 21 Pine. S'thdown do • 5 8 a 10
Prime large omen 4 4 4 81 Large arse. calves 4 0 4 6
Prime Scets, &c. 4 8 4 10 Prime small do 4 8 5 0
Crse. & inf. sheep 3 8 3 10 Large hogs 4 0 4 6
Second quality do. 404 8) Small porkers
Lambs, Os Od to Os Od.

Suckling calves, 18s to 23s ; and quarter •eld store pigs,
23i to 30a.

TOTAL SUPPLY. FOREIGN SUPPLY.
Beasts 2,120 ;Beasts
Sheep and lambs 3,500 ' Sheep
Calves
Pigs
London, England, 1860-12-20

CANTERBURY HALL.
Open Every Evening' at Seven.
GRAND ' SELECTIOINV (First l'ime) from LA FIGLIA
DEL REGIMEN TO (Donizetti), NOR3IA, SONNAMBULA,
and MARTHA.
Principal Artistes MISS RUSSELL, Madame MARIA, Miss
TYRRELL, Miss WILLIAMS, Mr. HENRY HERBERT, C.
W. BERNARD, and Signor TIVOLI.

Musical Director...., Mr. F. JowoIDIANS.
The Comic Department comprises Messrs. J. BLANCH ARD,
A. B. HOLLINGSWORTH, Master BARRY, G. W. FELL,
CHARLEY Fox, and E. MARSHALL.
The Fine Arts Gallery has been enriched by the addition of
the late John Martin's three Grand Pictures—viz., " THE
GREAT DAY of HIS WRATH." "THE PLAINS of
HEAVEN," and "THE LAST JUDGMENT," on view
until 12 o'clock at Night.
London, England, 1860-12-20

Agra&UnitedService Bk
Australasia

Bank of Egypt
IBank of London . .

.
Bank of Turkey
British North American
Chtd.Bank of India, &c.
Ch. Mer. of In. Lon.& Ch
City

Coronial .
Corn. Bank of Canada..
'Commercial of London .
Eng., Scot., Aus. Ch..
Bk .of Switzerland
Lon. Char. Bkof Austral
,London and County ..
London Joint Stock ..
'London Ss Westminst,;:rl
'Nat. I'rov. of England
'Do. new ....
'National Bank ......
'New South Wales...
,Do. new
jOrient. B. Corporation
Ottoman Bank...
,Prov metal of Ireland
Do. new
:South Australia
,Union of Australia
Union o' London
Unity
London, England, 1860-12-20

RAILWAYS.

Cash. Account.
Orleans ' 1385 .. 1382 50
Northern
New ditto 9OO .. 900
Lyons and Mediterranean 912 25 .. 911 25
Geneva 372 50 .. 375
Southern
Western
Eastern
Sardinian
Austrian
Lombard , 482 50 .. 465

GABIBALI)TS LETTER TO KING:

VICTOR EMMANUEL.

The following is the letter, not hitherto published
in which Garibaldi placed his powers in the hands
of King Victor Emmanuel :
CASERTA, OCT. 29, 1860.

Sire,—When, upon touching the Sicilian soil, I
accepted the dictatorship, I did it in your name and
for you, in whom are concentrated all the hopes of
the nation. I obey, therefore, a wish of my heart,
I fulfil a promiseexpressed in all my acts, by placing
in your hands a power that by every right belongs
to you, now that the people of these provinces have
declared themselves in so solemn a manner for one
Italy, and for your reign as well as that of your
legitimate descendants.
I band over to you the power over 10 millions of
Italians, tormented but a few months back by a
stupid and ferocious despotism, and for whom a
regenerative sway will be necessary in the time to
come. And from you they will have this sway,.
from you whom God has predestined to restore the
Italian nation, to render it free and prosperous at
home, powerful and respected abroad.
You will find in these countries both a docile
and intelligent people, equally friendly to order
and desirous of freedom, ready for the greatest
sacrifices when they are required in the interest
of the country and of the national government.
During the six months I have held the dicta-
torship I have had no cause but to praise the cha-
racter and good-will of this people, whom I and
my companions have had the happiness of restor-
ing to Italy, from which our tyrants had separated
them.
Ido not speak to you of my government. The
island of Sicily,
mtwinitghsftraonindienlgsewthheerde,iffihcaudlties
notwithstanding
raised by persons
in-
stitutions like those of Upper Italy ; it enjoys a
tranquillity unexampled. Here, on the continent,
where the presence of the enemy is still an obsta-
cle, the country is progressing by all its acts
towards the realisation of Italian unity; and all
this is due to the remarkable intelligence of two
distinguished patriots to whom I have entrusted
the conduct of the administration.
Deign at the same time, Majesty, to permit me
one request at the moment of my resigning to you
the supreme power—l conjure you to place under
your protection those whom I have had for my
fellow-labourers in this.great work of liberating
Southern Italy, and to receive into your army my
companions in arms, who have deserved well of you
and of the country.—l am, sire, &c.,GARIBALDI.

The next China telegram is expected to reach
London about Monday, the 24th inst., and the mail is due
three days later. Although electrical communication
between Malta and this country was recently resumed, the
telegrams received are mostly two or three days old.
London, England, 1860-12-20

Acting' Manazer—Mr. Wm. Smith.

A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.—
- Proprietor and Manager, Mr. WM. BATTY.
Crowded Houses nightly to witness the Lions and the great
Brute Tamer.
Miss Rebecca Isaacs every Evening.
Notice.—There will be no half-price during the engage-
ment of the Lions, except for children under ten years of
age, and then to Pit and Boxes only.
This Evening, a new Spectacle, entitled THE LION
CONQUEROR; or, The .I)eath Jungle, expressly for the
introduction of the Wonders of the World, " The Groupe
of Performing Lions." The Lion Conqueror, Mr. J. Crockett
To be succeeded by Scenes in the Arena, supported by
talented Parisian and British Artistes.
Concluding with the First Act of THE DAUGHTER
OF THE REGIMENT. Marie, Riss Rebecca Isaacs.
Doors open at half-past 6, performance commence at 7.
130 z-office open daily from 11 till 4
Stage Manager—Mr. W. WEST.
Director of the Arena—Mr. Pearson.
Batty's Prize Pantomime will be produced on a scale of
great maznificence at Christmas.
London, England, 1860-12-20

CURRENCY REFORM.

To the Editor of the Suffolk Chronicle.
Mr. Editor,—I concluded my last letter by asking—ln
what respect would not a free paper circulation, based upon
national wealth, and guaranteed receivable for taxes, be
superior to a circulation based upon one commodity—gold ?
I will now, by your permission, attempt to show the supe-
riority of the former to the latter.
But let me first premise what are the great desiderata in
a national currency. They are, doubtless, regularity,
security, and ample quantity. Without regularity—sub-
ject to sudden jumps and jerks —that agency, which, by its
smooth and harmonious action, aught constantly to advan-
tage the productive and mercantile classes, immensely
increases their hazard anti uncertainty. Security to its
'recipients against its possible depreciation is essential to the
very existence of money. And the quantity in circulation
should be at all times commensurate with the requirements
of trade.
Yet, how to realise such an adequate circulation is with •
many casual thinkers a great difficulty. They cannot
in-
see
how an essentially gold circulation can be indefinitely
s
creased. Indeed, they constantly observe thfraotmwhen, yit
its rise in
exportation, gold rises in price, or when
price, it is exported, the quantity of goldtile
national
by the
ational circulat-
ing of England is diminished, and
medium is contracted.
Money is held at higher rates,
discounts are raised, prices of commodities
ale depressed,
employment for the maaseahiaey rleeaerahbaupnsdapnetr,caeinvdeptrhotlattsfarreee
T
reduced or annihilated.
trade in gold would retain that commodity, or even, by its
rise in price, if required, secure its importation. Still, in
such rise of price they have a difficulty—how such enhanced
price is to be paid in sovereigns of
fixed weight.
This brings us to the all pervading fallacy of our present
currency---
that money is a commodity—an article of intrin-
I sic worth, or the representative of some one article of intrin-
sic worth, by which at any time may be Obtained a definite
quantity of that one article. Instead of this, money is
essentially a token—a counter—possessing only conven-
tional worth, by common consent of society, or force of
national law. in such an instrument intrinsic value is
unnecessary, as any medium adopted by a community will
answer their purpose.
But, although any substance may be employed as a cir-
culating medium, no other combines all the advantages. of
a legal tender paper issue. Its cheapness, the impossibility
of its depreciation, the ease and inexpensiveness of renewal,.
the saving of wear and tear, the lightness of material, the
facility for remission, are many conclusive
adoption. And besides these reasons obbesreerasvoabnle in for
substance,
into
or
substance, as an agent its amount ma
to expand
diminished at pleasure--may be so regu
or contract with the expahrsioh. or contraction of trade—as