The Sun.
London, England, 1867-10-26 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, OCI'OBEII 26, 18.67

himself with credit to his constituency and to him-
self. Last year, prior to the introdnction of the
RUSSELL Reform Bill, he brought forward his pro-
pbsal for an educational franchise—a proposal
which, however severely criticised by those who
quarrel with practical reforms of any shape, was well
calculated to improve and elevate our constituencies.
When the RUSSELL Government refused to give
their sanction to any such innovation on their
old Whig habits, Mr. CLAY did not resent the
slight, but willingly gave a fair hearing to the
measure which they propounded. This year he has
accorded equal toleration to the new bill, and is
not ashamed to rejoice over the triumph of principles
he has always professed because it has been brought
about by an agency be did not expect. House-
hold suffrage has always been part of Mr.
CLAY'S political creed. It was, he says,
taught him in his political catechism more than
thirty years ago by Lord Durham, and for nearly
as long a period he has been advocating it on the
hustings. Therefore when, after a few preliminary
changes, the Reform Bill of 1867 was found to con-
tain this provision, it is no wonder that so hearty
and so honest a Liberal should at once have
cordially accepted it. " Household suffrage," says
Mr. CLAY, " had to be a sort of magic sound."
He perceived that the objections and qualifications
which were made much of at the commencement of
the session would be eventually powerless, and
therefore he was confident that Lord DERBY'S bill
could be made into a valuable measure. Acting
under this conviction, Mr. CLAY took, as we know,
a prominent part in the Tea-room movement,
and opposed Mr. GLADSTONE'S determination to
obstruct the further progress of the measure.
But for the exertions and the independence
of the member for Hull and others like him we
should now, instead of rejoicing over a great work
fairly inaugurated, and popular discontent satis-
factorily allayed, be lamenting over another fruit-
less session, and another year of trifling with the
just wishes of the people. Several gentlemen
who joined that movement have lately, ob-
served Mr. CLAY, been defending them-
selves to their constituents. For his part
he attempts no defence, because he claims
congratulation on his act. The thanks of the
people are due, he believes, to no political party,
but to their own consistent and earnest efforts,
which have won for them that which they so ar-
dently desired. If they have any gratitude to
spare they may give it to the Tea-room party who
claimed and obtained for the bill a fair hear-
ing in committee, saving it from the un-
qualified rejection which the professed leaders
of the Liberal party had resolved upon. In spite of
Mr. GLADSTONE'S curtness to himself at the great
meeting of the Liberals—a curtness which served to
alienate many of the more independent of his fol-
lowers—Mr. CLAY freely allows Mr. GLADSTONE
the position of undisputed leader. He calls him
indeed " the only fitting and possible leader"
of the Liberals ; and so long as he
has a staunch few like Mr. CLAY among
his ranks—men who will not be talked out
of their convictions or silenced by contradiction,
however imperative, he will lead his party no doubt
safely enough.
Mr. CLAY, notwithstanding the satisfaction with
which he views the work already done, is far from
believing the whole task to be accomplished.
" Could it be expected," he asks, " that so great
a work could come forth smooth and polished every
where as a statue from the hands of a sculptor ?"
One important part of this work remains to be
done in the coming year—the attempt to remove
bribery and corruption from elections. Mr. CLAY,
as a consistent supporter of the Ballot, deserves to
be listened to with respect as a sincere Reformer in
this matter, but we are afraid ho trusts too much
to stringent laws. Men will not criminate
themselves, nor those by whom they profit,
and the cupidity of the receiver of the
bribe will generally prove an effectual pro-
tection to the giver of it. In America the
theory of public morality is so Sigh that both par-
ties are subject to severe penalties— a fact which
infallibly secures their total immunity, since no
witnesses are forthcoming, and conviction is seldom
or never possible. In the same way the total dis-
franchisement which Mr. CLAY proposes for the offen-
ders, however theoretically excellent, would be rarely
inflicted ; indeed, otlrßriberysannddCionrruthpe statutetio
Corruption
Pre-
vention Acts, as they now stand
books, abound in prohibitory clauses. Those best
qualified to judge have over and over again de-
clared their conviction that no bill can be framed
whose provisions will not be evaded or defeated in some
manner. We must look to a gradual improvement
in the tone of the people themselves, aided and
seconded by the ballot, which will remove the
temptation out of their way by lessening the in-
ducements to lavish money for which there can be
no secure return. The Ballot, says Mr. CLAY, will
do much, but it cannot do everything.
Granted ; but let us have what it can
do, and then we can supplement it by
further measures. Probably wo shall never
altogether exterminate bribery and corruption,
any more than wo can secure a man from indirect
influence or intimidation ; but we can certainly re-
move the stigma which at present rests upon our
constitutional system, and which threatens to grow
worse instead of better. Mr. CLAY'S advice about
the Ballot was very much to the point, and
should be listened to by other constituencies
than his own. "If you wish for it,
and are determined to have it, do not
trust to me, or to any one else, but obtain it for
yourselves. Members of Parliament are but the
reflection of your opinions. Choose men who share
your views, and the business is done." The fact of
the matter is that the constituencies, for the most
part, aro no more in earnest than the members,
and all parties compound for a little pleasant
practice of the offence by loud and wholesale
denunciation of it. Mr. CLAY, in conclusion,
made some observations in reference to the great
question of national education, which he at least is
not disposed to undervalue. His remarks on this
subjeet, however, deserve our further considera-
tion at another opportunity, since the cause of
popular education has no more vigorous or practical
advocate.

The arrival of the Scotia from New York on the
16th brings us some interesting intelligence, though
nothing which was not expected. General GRANT
has been nominated for the Presidency by a mass
meeting of Republicans at Philadelphia, no doubt
the first of many who will do the same thing. In
fact it is not improbable that the moderate men of
both parties will agree to vote for GRANT, who has
hitherto been cautious enough or fortunate enough to
avoid embroiling himself with either. The PRESIDENT,
it is said, has summoned Gene. POPE and ORD to
Washington, and the War Department has refused
General SICKLES' request for a court of inquiry, so
that the district commanders of the South are evi-
dently to be kept in check. The negro element is
still troublesome, and seems likely to become
more so. The adherents of the coloured Radi-
cal candidate at Williamsburg, Virginia, have
mobbed the white Radical candidate, whom
they regarded as an interloper, They appear

to be growing very ambitious on this matter of
holding office, and not always without success,
since two negroes have been nominated as
delegates to the Virginia Reconstruction Con-
vention by the Richmond Radicals, in company
with Judge UNDERwooD, Mr. HUNNICULT, and
an Irishman. THADDEUS STEVENS, who was re-
ported to be dangerously ill, has apparently
recovered, since he has announced his
intention of urging Congress to pass a
law defining impeachable offences, and providing
that no man can exercise the functions of his office
while under impeachment. This is, of course, di-
rected against the PRESIDENT, but the time has now
gone by when any such effort would have had a
chance of success.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE,

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

THE ROMAN QUESTION.

PARIS, Oct. 26.

The Moniteur of this morning publishes conspi-
cuously the following announcement :—" In view
of the fresh atteints on the part of the revolutionary
bands to invade the Papal States, the Emperor has
revoked the order which had been given for sus-
pending the embarkation of the troops assembled at
Toulon."

The ifoniteur, iu its bulletin, publishes the fol-
lowing advices from Rome :—" All the efforts of
the Garibaldians to organise a revolutionary move-
ment in Rome have totally failed."
Deputy Caroli, who attempted, with some parti-
zans, to enter the city in a boat, has been killed and
one of his brothers wounded.

CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS,

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)
PARIS, Friday Evening.

Garibaldi, however, is at the head of about 4,000
volunteers, and advancing towards Rome from the
direction of Monte Rotondo.

Official accounts from Rome state that on the
night of the 22d inst. there was an attempt at dis-
turbance, which, however, was immediately re-
pressed. Some of the unquiet spirits connected
with the Italian press have endeavoured to give
importance to a movement which was exclusively
the work of agitators from without, but the popu-
lation did not sympathise with it, and it had no
element of importance. About fifty armed men
attacked the post of the Capitole, and there was
also an attack upon the barracks of the Zouaves in
the Borgo Nuovo, but there was no other res ul
than the destruction of a wall caused by an explo-
sion. A few hours afterwards tranquillity was com-
pletely restored, and no farther interruption of order
has been attempted.
The anniversary of taking possession of Venice
by the Italians was celebrated on Monday last in
that city. There was some attempt at a hostile
manifestation against the Pontifical Government,
but the general good sense of the population ren-
dered it a complete failure.
A frightful murder had spread consternation in
the village of Viale, near Turin. The Chevalier
Castellazzo, a rich proprietor of the country, who
inhabited the ancient chateau of Viale, was assassi-
nated at nine o'clock in the evening at the moment
when he had reached the terrace of the chateau on
his return home. The assassin concealed himself
behind a large flower vase and discharged the con-
tents of his gun into M. Castellazzo's cheat. M.
Castellazzo was only able to proceed a few paces
when he expired in the arms of his son, who had
been alarmed at hearing the report of the gun. The
authorities have not yet obtained any clue to the
murderer, and it is difficult to understand what
motive of hatred could exist against M. Castellazzo,
whose generosity and conciliatory manners made
him very popular. M. Castellazzo, after having
served honourably in the Piedmontese army, had
occupied the post of Colonel of the National Guards
in Savoy before the annexation. In this character
he aided in 1848 in repressing the revolutionary
attempts at Chamberg. M. Castellazzo was still a
young man.

PARIS, Oct. 25, Evening.

The Patric of this evening says :
" The Emperor presided to-day at a Council of
Ministers at St. Cloud. The principal subjects
under discussion were first Italian affairs, and sub-
sequently some important despatches from Rome
and Florence."

Telegrams from the Roman frontier assert that
Garibaldi, without taking notice of the summons
delivered to him at Foligno, proceeded to Terni, and
subsequently as far as Narni, where he is preparing
to cross over into Pontifical territory. The rem-
nants of Nicotera's and Menotti's bands would form
a nucleus sufficiently strong to enable Garibaldi to
resume the offensive. Tho spirit animating the
Italian troops is said to have somewhat improved
through the popularity of General Cialdini, but the
news of serious occurrences in the Roman territory
would, it was feared, occasion a certain degree of
agitation in the army.

Intelligence from Florence affirms that General
Cialdini meets with considerable difficulty in consti-
tuting a Cabinet.

A private telegram from Munich announces that
the commission of the Chamber of Lords of
Bavaria had opposed the adoption of the treaty for
the customs and commercial union of Northern
Germany, which had been previously voted by the
Chamber of Deputies.
When the Emperor visited the Exhibition on
Wednesday morning, at the request of the exhibi-
tors of class 91, his Majesty went to inspect the
industrial products of that class. M. Sajou, the
President, addressed the Emperor in respect to
them, in appropriate terms, and invoked the blessing
of Heaven upon his Majesty, the Empress, and the
Imperial Prince. The Emperor was deeply moved
by the warmth and eloquence of the expressions
used, and thanked the exhibitors of class 94, telling
them that he had much at heart the amelioration of
the working classes, that this solicitude was shared
by the Empress, and that one day it would animate
the Imperial Prince, who was prepared by oduca,
tiou to honour labour, to second its efforts, and to
understand its great destinies in our modern society.
The Emperor conversed fur some time very freely
with several of the exhibitors, and, as I before stated,
made several purchases.
The first visit paid by the Emperor of Austria
was to the Exhibition. Accompanied by the Arch-
duke Charles, one of his brothers, he was received
yesterday at the Porte d'Jena by M. le Placy, the
President of the Commission, and the Chevalier de
Schazsffer and the Chevalier de Friedland, members
of the Imperial Royal Commission of Austria. The
Emperor proceeded along the circular platform of
the machine galleries to the Austrian section, which
he inspected very minutely. On returning the
Emperor expressed his great satisfaction at all that
he had seen. The Emperor then went to the Vienna
brewery, and M. Liebig's model of a house for
working men, where he was received by M. Mahl-
mann, M. Liebig's partner. The Emperor had the
goodness to congratulate M. Mahlmann, upon his
having received the grand prize of the new class of
rewards awarded to his house. The Emperor break-
fasted in the Tyrolean pavilion, and then went to the
reserved garden and inspected the aquariums and
the great Conservatory containing the palm trees,
and on his way back naturally admired the beauti-
ful pavillion of the Emperor Napoleon near the
Pont d'Jena. The Emperor was often enthusiasti-
cally cheered during his stay at the exhibition and
on his departure.
Up to the present time the telegraph has not
communicated anything positive as to the forma-
tion of the new Italian Ministry, and nothing of
consequence is known in regard to the insurgents.
Both postal and telegraphic communications are
much interrupted. Menotti Garibaldi is reported
to be within a fen miles of Rome. As to Garibaldi
the elder, wherever he may be, he amuses himself
with issuing incendiary proclamations. His last is
dated October 21, but no place is mentioned. It
is as follows :—" I am again with you, brave
champions of Italian honour. With you to
fulfil my duty, to aid you in the most holy and
most glorious work of our resurrection. Italy is
convinced that she cannot live without her head, her
heart, without Rome, which belongs to her. In
advance then, and constancy above all. I do not ask
you for courage or bravery, I know you too well.
The Americans sustained during 14 years a glorious
struggle, which has made them the most powerful
and the most free people of the world. To us, well
united, it will only require a few months to wash
Italy from the shame which soils her, with or with-
out the tyrant of the throne of tho Vatican, and
those who support him."
The Emperor of Austria appears to be very popu-
lar. Wherever he goes ho is received with warm
acclamations. Among the marks of attention is
the organisation of a subscription among the dames
de la Halle for the purchase of a bouquet of un-
paralleled beauty and dimensions. They will go in
procession to the Elys6e to present it to his Majesty.
The present arrangements in regard to his Majesty
are these !—To-day a splendid review in his honour
in the Bois de Boulogne. The weather was beauti-
ful and the review magnificent, but it was impos-
sible for me to .give a proper account of it this
afternoon. To-morrow there will be A hunting
party at St. Germain. Sunday will bo a day of
rest. Monday the banquet and concert at the
Hotel de Ville will tilke place. Tuesday, repose
from the fatigues of this grand entertaiumeut.
Wk;dnesday, shooting at Compiegne. Thursday or
Friday next, it is said, the Emperor will leave
Paris.

The Etendard mentions under reserve a rumour
that he has abandoned the attempt to form a
Ministry, and has advised the King to accept one
composed of members of the Left, and of which
Signor Crispi and signor Mordini would form part.
FLORENCE, Oct. 25, 4 P.M.

Letters from Rome state that on the night of the
22d inst. a column of 70 Roman; led by two
brothers named Cairoli, were surrounded by 500
Zouaves. After a desperate engagement, all the in-
surgents fell, dead or wounded, into the hands of
the Zouaves. One of the brothers Cairoli was
killed and the other was wounded.

FLORENCE, Oct. 25, 9 p.m.
The Ministry is not yet constituted.
Garibaldi is at Monte Rotondo.

ROME, Oct. 23.

The official Giornale di 1?oma, speaking of the
recent insurrectionary movement in this city, says—
"lt commenced by the bursting of a bomb
thrown into the Piazza Colonna. A barrel of gun-
powder subsequently exploded at the Serristori
Barracks, killing several Zouaves. Other insur-
gents attempted to take prisoners the sentinels on
guard at Campidoglio, but were repulsed. Similar
attempts were made in several parts of the city, and
about 100 arrests were made."

Coachmen and cabmen who are abusive are some-
times punished here with a severity which might be
usefully imitated in London. A coachman who
used insulting language to some gentlemen whom
he had driven has just been sentenced to imprison-
ment for six months.

DEATH OF MIL WEISS, THE VOCALIST.—We
regret to announce the decease of Mr. W. H. Weiss, the
popular baritone, who expired on Thursday night, in his
forty-seventh year. Mr. Weiss made his fist appearance
at the Princess's Theatre in January, 1813, as Ctuunt Tto-
dolpho, in the opera of "La Sonnanahula," and had ever
since held a prominent position before the public, both on
the lyric §tage and in tea concert-room,

DEPARTURE OF THE FRENCH FLEET
FOR CIVITA VECCHIA.

TOULON, Oct. 26.
The French ironclad squadron left at 6 o'clock
this morning for Civita Vecchia.
The transports, with troops, will leave imme-

diately.
The embarkation of war material is being
actually carried on.

PORTUGAL.

LISBON, Oct. 25.
The Channel fleet has sailed for Cadiz.
The American ships Canandaigua and Ticon-

deroga have arrived.

The difference between the Portuguese Govern-
ment and the Southern Railway of Portugal has
been amicably settled.
The interests of the bondholders are protected.