The Sun.
London, England, 1867-09-10 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING% SEPTEMBER 10, 1867.

tion could be induced by mere principle to restrain
its cupidity. A large part of the force must there-
fore be employed in protecting the long line between
the army and the sea, any interruption of which
would produce serious inconvenience. Besides the
enormous burden of transport, the condition of the
roads will be another cause of anxiety. There is
nothing in the country that resembles a highway ;
even the great caravan road to Gondar is in parts a
mere sheep track, overgrown with thorns, and wind-
ing in places through narrow and precipitous passes.
These will be the real obstacles, and not the cli-
mate, which is undoubtedly healthy ; nor the heat,
which, according to Bruce and Harris, never falls
below 50 deg. nor rises above 85 deg. But, in spite
of all difficulties, we should have little doubt that
the expedition would succeed could we but feel cer-
tain of what would constitute success. It must be
admitted that 10,000 regular troops, with cavalry,
artillery, and all munitions of war, led by an expe-
rienced general, will appear a very disproportionate
escort to restore to us a dozen or so of rescued cap-
tives. We would fain hope, therefore, if it were
still possible to hope, that the expedition might be
rendered unnecessary by the attainment of our ob-
ject in a similar way. Nevertheless, if it is to take
place, there are other considerations besides the
support of our reputation which may help to recon-
cile us to the cost. To restore order and peace, and
plant the seeds of civilisation in so fair a portion of
the earth, would be an honourable task. The inte-
rests of science too would be furthered ; for we may
expect that the spirit which urged French savants
to accompany Napoleon to Egypt would induce our
naturalists and geographers to seize the opportunity
of studying a region so rich in interest and so im-
perfectly known. And, though we cannot expect
to earn much glory, yet the general and the troops
that penetrate to Bergemeder will have learned a
most valuable lesson in the difficult art of supplying
an army.

MEMORIAL TO THE LATE BISHOP

HOGARTH.

(From the Darlington and Stockton Times)

A monument, " erected by his Catholic flock and
fellow-townsmen of every creed and party," has
just been raised to the memory of the late Right
Rev. W. Hogarth, D.D., Bishop of Hexham and
Newcastle, in the Darlington Cemetery. The
basement of the memorial is composed of four
steps of polished Park Spring stone. From this
rises an obelisk of polished granite, the plinth being
of a dark red colour, with mouldings of light
grey, and a shaft of dark red, standing 13 feet high,
and a carved capital of light grey, surmounted by
a gilt cross. On the west side of the obelisk a
carved pillar, in which will be placed a photograph
of the deceased Bishop, is in course of erection.
The monument reaches an altitude of about 31 feet,
and is indeed a beautiful structure. The following
are the inscriptions which are engraved in block
letter on the panels of the obelisk :—" To the
Right Rev. William Hogarth, D.D., Bishop of
Hexham and Newcastle, the Father of his Clergy
and the Poor, who, by a saintly life, great labours,
and charity unbounded, won love and veneration
from all, this memorial was erected by his Ca-
tholic flock and fellow-townsmen of every creed
and party. Born at Doddin Green, Kendal, March
25th, 1786. Died at Darlington, January 29th,
1866. Buried at St. Cuthbert's College, Ushaw.
R.1.P." The column is from the design of Mr. E.
Welby Pugin, of London, and the contract has
been executed by Messrs. Priestman of Darlington,
at a cost of about £3OO. This sum of money was
raised by public subscription, in a very short time
after the object to which it was to be devoted was
announced. The monument blessed by the Bishop
of Hexham and Newcastle on Monday is but a
faint, though a sincere, expression of the affec-
tionate veneration and respect in which Dr. Hogarth
was held by every Catholic in the diocese, and by
every Protestant who came in contact with him.
His useful and blameless life, stretching beyond
the span allotted to the race, was full of precisely
those striking incidents, and was characterised by
exactly those traits, which attract public interest
and awaken public feeling ; for, whether in his
career as a priest, or in his conduct as a citizen,
Dr. Hogarth was especially remarkable for thorough-
ness and sincerity. In the numerous and varied
duties of Vicar Apostolic of the northern district,
and latterly in the onerous offices of Bishop of the
diocese of Hexham and Newcastle, he was always
looked up to and trusted by his colleagues and
associates ; while as a good priest, going about his
Master's business, and bearing the gospel of faith
and love, and the unaffected example of a single-
minded devotedness, to the dark corners of society,
he was loved and revered by all.
Dr. Hogarth began life when his beloved Church
was on the eve of an important change, and when
her position in England was about to be placed on
a fairer and a more satisfactory footing than she
had enjoyed at any time since the Reformation.
From that historical point Catholics, desirous of
educating their children for the Church, were
obliged to send them abroad to get what they
wanted. There, in the cloisters of Douai, Sala-
manca, and other kindred institutions, the best
Catholic mind was formed, and to the influence of
the foreign associations inevitably bound up with
these colleges, may doubtless be traced that in-
difference to matters of purely domestic policy
which was, too often, and with justice, laid to the
charge of the Catholic clergy. But the French
Revolution, which has overturned so many ancient
land-marks, and which has exercised an imperish-
able and as yet an unascertained influence upon
the history of the world, was destined memorably
to influence the position of Catholics in Protestant
England. Swept away from their familiar resting-

places, and severed from their old associations, the
emigration—the flower of la veille noblesse, the
proudest blood of France, the most cherished off-
spring of the Catholic Church—landed upon Eng-
lish shores. They were received with open arms,
comforted and caressed by the nation. From that
time the distrust of the Catholic portion of the
community, which had too long been entertained
by society, began to wear off. Shortly after this
Catholic educational institutions were founded in
the country, and thus were laid the first seeds of
the public feeling which led to Catholic Emanci-
pation. Among the earliest of these institutions was
a modest establishment at Tudhoe, in the county of
Durham, which shortly afterwards migiated to
Crook Hall, near Consett, in 1793. Here Dr. Ho-
garth was a student, and he made such good use of
the time spent that, sixty years afterwards, one of
his masters, the late Rev, and Venerable John
Perswick, said of him that he never " knew of any
student who could give a more fearless or better
account of the employment of his time to that
Supreme Judge who sifts the evidence of every
word, and poises the use we make of every minute,
than the same William Hogarth." In 1808 the
magnificent College of Ushaw was founded, in
which foundation Dr. Hogarth took a prominent
and interested part. His character was essentially
English, and he clung with tenacity to English
institutions. Contrary to the custom of Catholic
bishops he never visited Rome, and never left Eng-
lish soil. Thus he considered English Catholic
colleges to be best for English priests, who were
to minister among the English people and to elect
the English bishops. In 1809, at the age of
twenty-three years and nine months, he was
ordained a priest, and destined for the mission of
Blackbrook, in Lancashire. The young priest's
attainments, however, were valued by the heads of
the college, the Blackbrook appointment was can-
celled, and he was elected a colleague. In the
early days of Ushaw progress was made slowly and
carefully, and everything was conducted on the
most economical scale possible. So Dr. Hogarth
did the work which is now done by three—he
taught classes, he looked after the discipline of
the house as General Prefect, and he administered

he college finances. The office of treasurer to

Ushaw was at this time no sinecure, " and

often," said the bishop to his associate, the Rev.

Mr. Coil, " did I tremble. whenever I heard the

kitchen door opening, lest it should t e a creditor

coming for his remittance, when all I had was a
few shillings." In addition to the embarrassments

of the exchequer, the young prefect had many
other difficulties to contend with. But, looking

back in after life upon the cares and anxieties im-
plied in the early struggles of the young colony at
Ushaw, the associate and colleague of Lingard, the
friend and the tutor of Wiseman must have had
many pleasurable recollections. For seven years
Dr. llogarth remained at Ushaw, at the end of
which term failing strength warned him that re-
laxation was needed. He was accordingly sent as
chaplain to Cliffe Hall, by the Rev. Dr. Gibson.
At Cliffe he remained eight years, and on the 9th
of November, 1824, he was transferred to the mis-
sion at Darlington. His flock, which at the time
of his decease numbered 3,000, at that time only
consisted of 200 individuals. here he laboured
during forty years, until the day of his death,
leaving mementoes behind him, in the kindly feel-
ing of the townspeople, which are now laid like
flagrant flowers upon his tomb. Many anecdotes
of his thoughtful benevolence, and many incidents
illustrative of the regard in which he was held in
Darlington, might be related. In 1850, for instance,
when the Ecclesiastical Titles Bill was under dis-
cussion, demonstrations were made against the
Catholics for the purpose of getting up petitions
in favour of the bill. Such a meeting was held in
Darlington, but a speaker, pointing out the unos-
tentatious and simple life led by Dr. Hogarth, the
meeting separated without adopting any petition.
For some years Dr. Hogarth filled the office of
Provost of the northern district, and on the death
of the Right Reverend Dr. Riddell, in November,
1847, he was raised to the post thus vacated, and
in the following year was consecrated Vicar Apos-
tolic of the Northern Diocese, at Ushaw. On the
establishment of the English Hierarchy, Dr. Hog-
arth became Bishop of Hexham; and in 1860, St.
Mary's, Newcastle, having been consecrated as
pro-cathedral, the bishop assumed the title of the
Bishop of Hexham and Newcastle. How the
episcopal duties of the diocese were performed by
the late bishop, we may gather from the circum-
stance that an address of congratulation was pre-
sented to him on behalf of the Cathedral Chapter
and all the clergy of the diocese, on the 28th of
August, 1860, about ninety priests taking part in
the gratifying proceedings. The address noted the
interesting fact that since the time of Dr. Hogarth's
succeeding to the mitre, there was not a chapel or
church then existing in the four northern counties
comprised in his bishopric, that had not been either
first erected or rebuilt. The diocese, besides, is
almost free of debt, and is looked upon by Catho-
lics as the model diocese.
But the evening was drawing on, and the sunset
of a beautiful life culminated on Sunday afternoon,
January 28, 1866, when the bishop was seized with
paralysis. Medical aid was called in, and the
patient rallied for a few hours ; but nature was
worn out, and the silver cord was broken at a
quarter to four o'clock on Monday afternoon, Jan-
uary Francis of Sales, his
patron aint,as 29th—the
Catholicseaf S
note.
St. A
profound im-
pression was created throughout the diocese by the
patron fsto
death of the bishop, and in Darlington in particular
his loss was felt most acutely. After lying in state
in St. Augustine's chapel, from Tuesday evening
until Thursday morning, a solemn requiem mass
was celebrated by the clerical dignitaries and other
priests of the diocese, and a funeral oration, ex-
pressive of the love and veneration felt for the late
bishop by his flock, was appropriately delivered by
the Rev. H. Coll. After this, the body was re-
moved, with all the pomp and magnificence of the
Catholic ritual, and amidst the sincere grief of
the late bishop's fellow-townsmen, whose sorrow
found outward expression in closed shops and
windows and suspended business, to Ushaw. There,
in the precincts of the college he aided materially
in raising, and where he so indefatigably laboured,
within the peaceful shade of the cloisters he loved
so well, they laid the gentle dust of William Hog-
arth to rest in peace.
Shortly after the funeral a committee was formed,
and steps were taken to get subscriptions to be de-
voted to some tangible memorial. The result of the
subscriptions so gathered together is the beautiful
monument blessed by the present Bishop of Hex-
ham and Newcastle, on Monday night. The cere-
mony took place under the most favourable auspices.
The sky was clear and bright, the air calm and
soft, and the stillness of the evening conduced to
the success of an open-air gathering. The notice
of the ceremony, inserted in the local newspapers,
brought together a large throng of people, varying
in numbers estimated from 3,000 to 5,000. Of
these the majority were Protestants. A little after
six o'clock, the bishop's procession, consisting of
the bishop of the diocese—the Right Reverend
Dr. Chadwick—Monsignor Canon Eyre, Canon
Brown, the Rev. IL Coll, the Rev. W. Strickland,
the Rev. M. Green (bearing the cross), and the
Rev. W. Rigby, duly attended by acolytes, and
thurifer shedding incense, followed by the Catholic
schoolchildren and the Darlington Sax-horn Band,
conducted by Mr. H. Hoggett, left the Cemetery
Lodge. Slowly and solemnly the procession
moved to the spot where the memorial cross is
erected, and there it halted. Among those around
the cross were Mrs. Middleton, the Misses Middle-
ton, Miss Eliza Kipling, Miss Nevin (from Edin-
burgh), Mrs. Heslop, Miss Strother, the Misses
Ridsdale, Mr. 11. K. Spark, Mr. Fra. Mewburfi,
Mr. Ornsby, Mr. Coffey, Mr. Smith, Mr. W. L.
Dodd, &c., &c. The bishop took his seat upon a
chair which had been provided for him, and the
band played the magnificent "Kyrie" from Mozart's
Twelfth Mass. The bishop then rose and delivered
a most able address.
After the ceremony of blessing had been per-
formed, the band played the " Gloria in Excelsis "
from the same Mass. When this was finished
the bishop left the dais.
The Rev. H. Com, ascended the dais and said :
My lord,--On behalf of the Catholics of this mis-
sion, I beg to tender you heartfelt thanks for the
favour and honour conferred on us in coming at no
little personal inconvenience, to perform the cere-
mony we have just witnessed. We are deeply in-
debted to your Lordship for a beautiful and able
explanation of that ceremony ; an explanation
which carried us back in spirit whole centuries ago,
to the time when St. Cuthbert (whose successor it
is your glory to be) raised in Fame Island the
stone cross, near which he wished to be buried,
and blessed it with the self-same rites and the
same prayers. You have made us feel, too, that
it was, indeed, a happy thought, a thought inspired
by their very Christianity that prompted Our
ancestors to erect crosses, and especially cemetery
crosses. A burial ground is, naturally enough, a
spot calculated to fill the mind with the gloomiest,
the saddest reflections. But set up a cross in its
centre, and there is at once a light and solace to
the mourning survivors who may then scent "the

sweetness of the violet" over "the mould" of their

deceased relatives; for in the cross, the symbol
of salvation, is our hope and comfort ; pointing
(as your lordship remarked so well) to " heaven "

—the home where we shall meet again and be
happy for ever, without fear or sorrow, sickness or

death. And this it is, my lord, makes us still more
grateful for honouring us with your presence ; and
because your blessing has imparted a sacred cha-

racter to this tribute to the memory of him whom

we loved from our heart of hearts. My lord—

Dr. Irogarth was our pride and joy. 1 use the
word " our " advisedly, for he made himself really
the common property of this town. There are
many monuments in this cemetery, whose inscrip-
tions are read with a cold lack-lustre gaze by
the passer-by ; and the praise (however just)
recorded in those epitaphs may be deemed ex-

aggerated, or even extravagant. But no inhabi-
tant of Darlington will so regard this monument ,

every letter on its grey block cannot but meet
with approval as most true. And the eyes of
hundreds of his own flock will grow moistened as
they read that inscription. They will see that it
is all true that is there said of him, and that it
does not sufficiently tell of the merits of the de-

ceased. These hundreds certainly need no monu-
ment of him ; during two years nearly he has
been " out of their sight," but never " out of
mind ;" he holds a place in their grateful recol-
lection which can perish only with their frame.
But still thankful are we, beyond expression, to
our Protestant fellow-townsmen for helping us to

give a more permanent form to our love of him—

:or contributing so generously towa,r4 the erec-

'tion of this graceful monument, so that the
memory of his rare virtues may be kept for ever
gieen in this field of his labours. In the list of
subscribers I find every creed and party repre-
sented Jews, Quakers, Baptists, Methodists,
Churchmen are there seen joining hands to hon-
our the memory of the Catholic Bishop, and echo
the words of the poet :
"Let us, let all the world agree,
To profit by resembling thee !"
It was a refreshing spectacle on that " day o'ercast"
of his funeral, to see how they all suspended business
and turned out in the rain, to form in files, resting on
their arms, so to speak, in admiration, of his former
life ; while the deceased was being conveyed to St.
Cuthbert's College, followed by the thousands who
wept their thanks to him ! And now it is a fine
sight to have you lay aside all differences and cheer-
fully part with your money to perpetuate his simple
name. True, he was a Catholic, and the head of
Roman Catholics in the north ; but there is justice
enough within the breast of Englishmen to admire,
in whomsoever they see it, sterling goodness,
which was indeed the "fruit" of his religion.
Day after day, wet or dry, for forty years, had
they not seen the " old Bishop " traverse the
town, go into the filthy lanes, the slums and alleys,
to sit in dingy houses, by the bed of pain, assuage
distress, and "do good," in fine, wherever and
whenever he could ? " His house, was it not
known to all the vagrant train ?" And truly, "he
chid their wanderings, but relieved their pain."
Moreover, was he not a man of peace, so meek and
humble, and pleasant withal ? What wonder they
should gather together in such crowds this evening
for the sake of the departed? I thank you from
my heart for that, and in the name of my con-
gregation. And long may we join hands and hearts,
despite all differences, and, looking up to the name
carved deep on this monument, acknowledge the
virtue and goodness personified in him to whom
it is erected.

THE REVOLUTIONARY NATIONS.

" Seeing that the French Revolution is still con-
tinuing, I repent having had a hand in the work,"
wrote Tallyrand in his retractation—this clause of
which, suppressed by the desire of Louis Philippe
and the consent of the Holy See, has never as yet
been published. How many men, who now are
foremost in supporting the European Revolution,
will not, like Tallyrand, live to repent of the work
of their hands. The French Revolution is still con-
tinuing ; its principles are still at work, under-
mining all existing institutions, civil and religious,
which are not of its own creation. Its results, in
brief, are disregard of the law of nations, the tear-
ing up of treaties, alteration in the map of Europe,
perpetual instability, dread of change, war, armed
peace, and the keeping up of upwards of three
millions of men under arms. Under the terror of
revolutionary " ideas " no nation in Europe feels
itself secure. It may be attacked either at home
or from abroad under one plea or another put for-
ward by the advocates of the Revolution. Now it
is progress which wishes to set aside existing insti-
tutions in Church or State in order to refashion
all things anew; now it is the theory of nationali-
ties, which by the help of foreign armies annexes
a smaller state to a larger one ; now it is the
sovereignty of the people which overthrows an
ancient and peaceful dynasty, and sets up a tur-
bulent and aggressive Republic, which in turn
yields to a military dictator who, called in by uni-
versal suffrage, shoots down opposing citizens, and
tramples life out of liberty. There is no security
but in force, and force comes from numbers ; hence
the tendency—it is but the instinct of self-preser-
vation—of the agglomeration of states. Thetheory
of nationalities has reduced Italy to a state of
anarchy and bankruptcy ; it served as a pretext to
Prussia to annex Schleswig-Holstein in spite of
treaties and of national law ; it was the sole jus-
tification of the war against Austria, and of the ab-
sorption by Prussia of independent states ; and on
the strength of this theory there will never be peace
again in Germany until every German nationality,
either by force or fraud, is brought under the yoke
of Prussia. It is the powerful solvent which the
Revolution is now applying to the Austrian Empire
—hitherto the great bulwark of Conservatism in
Europe. It is the agent on which Russia grounds
her hope for the establishment on the ruins of
Austria, Turkey, and Greece, of a vast Pansclavonic
empire. Again, it is the feeble pretext for Fenianism
in Ireland. And France, the birthplace of the Revo-
lution, chafes under the victory which revolutionary
ideas and forces have conferred on the rival at her
gates. Poetic justice is being done on France.
Retribution is overtaking the mother of the
preceded her sword, and have
Revo-
lution by the hands of her own children. She was
the first in the field with revolutionary propa-
,
of her arms. But her " ideas"
are now no longer exclusively hers—they are
become the strength of her enemies. In Russia,
itoderyas
f ant
spitethe of
right,
survivedgands the iveirc
aggrandizement will put an end
Prussia, Italy, they are at workex;pbenusteitoifs anewigohrk.
pc
iacnkt ina law, and
at once and for ever to the supremacy of France
on the Continent. Prussia is alreadyjbonfosustfrieeinfe-.gagnßgrantatinotdinhsze,efrinanedt
her in the lead.
outstripping
gt
the sight of the
in a manner and with a magnitude
ge atondthseu
Franceh e her i
sh the
truanc
boastful and ambitious rival on her frontier. They
never before known in the world. What will be the
are both arming
issue of this terrible preparation ? We will not, for
an instant, contemplate, even in thought, the
horrors of a life and death struggle between, not
two barbarous peoples, but two nations at the head
of modern civilization ; we will not seek to estimate
the crime, the bloody-guiltiness of either of these
representatives of revolutionary principles. It is
enough to contemplate the immediate, the actual
consequences of this armed mutual distrust, the
closest approximation to peace which the Second
Empire, which the embodiment in Europe of the
,6 ideas " of 4i 89 " allows of. The material progress
—the progress in wealth, in industry, in the spread
of knowledge, in wider popular Sympathies, which
Europe has enjoyed since, and we readily acknow-
ledge, partly in consequence of the French Revolu-
tion—of the abuses of power, that is to say, which
were swept away by it—is now again arrested by the
dangerous and sudden development of the moral
evils which it introduced and sanctioned. Doubt,
the enemy of commerce, has taken the place of
confidence, trade stagnates, agriculture is injured
by the transfer of such multitudes of men from
the field to the camp. Debt accumulates in such
a proportion as to tax the springs of industry.
Popular liberty is crushed under foot on the pretext
of the presence of fin
----nger, and mental culture is
neglected in the excitement of angry passions, of
fear and distrust. The civilizing arts of peace are
withering in the breath of war. The revolutionary
nations have overthrown the old principles of right
embodied in treaties and the law of nations, and
substituting material for moral force, have put their
trust in the sword, and they
are perishing by the
sword even before it is drawn.
We have said enough to show the dangers which
await the revolutionary nations, without even
touching on the impious principles of the Revolu-
tion and their effect on society and on governments.
It is needless to recapitulate here how the Revo-
lution, by substituting human for divine sanctions
of authority, attacked the stability of society itself,
or how it loosened the most essential of social bonds
by introducing civil marriage, and weakened the
rights of property by confiscating the estates of
the Church. Ina word, by formally severing
civil society and governments from God, the
Revolution undid, as far as it reached, the work of
Christian civilization, and inaugurated a political
Atheism which naturally and forcibly reacts on
private life, and lays but too sure a foundation for
the spread of religious unbelief. Consequently
in the revolutionary nations, in addition to the
other dangers we have enumerated, there exists
to a very wide and dangerous extent a fierce anti-
Christian propagandism, a hatred of the superna-
tural, a lowering of the moral standards of life, a
substitution of material interests and aims for
higher motives and sanctions. In intellectual life,
among the educated classes, belief in Christianity
is giving place in the nations subject to the in-
fluences of the Revolution, to the materialistic

philosophy of Auguste-Comte, or to the rationalistic
theories of Protestant Germany.
This intellectual defection from Christianity is
not the least of the dangers which threaten the

stability of modern society as it exists under the
Revolution. Not to travel beyond Prussia and
Italy, the two latest products of revolutionary
fraud and violence, what principle of cohesion and
stability do we find in these two kingdoms, ag-
grandized by the violent or fraudulent seizure of
States only held in subjection to the aggressor by
superior force? Italy, bordering on a state of
chronic anarchy and bankruptcy, exists as a united
kingdom only on sufferance : it depends on the

protection of France. And the new Prussian
kingdom—an ill-assorted congeries of subjected
but recalcitrant States, without a principle of real
union and cohesion, beyond the revolutionary
theory of nationalities—is only held together by
an enormous armed force. Based on revolutionary
principles without faith—without national tradi-
tions or historic associations, what future has it—
what hope? It is a military and aggressive state,
and it represents no policy but aggression. It
has not time to conciliate—it must conquer.
Therefore is it hated in Germany. Its strength is
all external—material only ; it has no moral force.
Revolution, therefore, is the sure heir to all its ill
gotten gains. Revolution cannot be " stamped
out" in Europe like the cattle plague or the cho-
lera, for moral diseases are slower to be cured than
physical. Catholic nations fall because they are
untrue to Catholicism; but the Revolutionary
nations perish the more faithful they are to the
Revolution.— Westminster Gazette.

THE REPORT ON RIIUALIS.II-A
COMPROMISE.

True to the hereditary spirit of the Establish-
ment, the Royal Commissioners appointed to inqiige
into and report upon the ritual of the Church of
England advocate a compromise. They are of
opinion that it is expedient to restrain all variations
in respect of vesture from what has long been the
established usage in the Church of England ; but
they are not yet prepared to suggest the best mode
of giving effect to their conclusions. They avoid
pronouncing an opinion as to whether the "Rubric,"
on which the Ritualists ground their right to use
the novel ornaments and vestments, is rightly in-
terpreted or not. It can scarcely be expected that
the Ritualists, in spite of the report framed in a
spirit hostile to their practices, will forego the use
of ceremonies and vestments which, though not in
themselves essential, yet are the outward and visible
expression of what they consider essential doctrines.
As long as the holding of their distinctive doctrines
is tolerated, it is idle to attack vestments which are
looked upon as symbolical of these doctrines. It
is leaving the root of the reputed evil untouched.
But will the Royal Commissioners dare to recom-
mend an interference with the "Catholic "doctrines
of the Ritualists ? and if the Protestant party,
which so largely predominates in the Establishment,
were to insist upon so unwise a step, would the
House of Commons, in these days of religious
Liberalism, consent to narrow the broad and expan-
sive boundaries of the national Church ? The hope
of the Ritualists, and their strength, lies in the
religious Liberalism and the wide toleration of
differences of opinion as to essential doctrines which
distinguish the Church of which they are members.
Were the Anglican Church of a sudden to become
intolerant of error and of the differences of opinion
as to essential doctrines—were the bishops to insist
upon uniformity of belief and practice, they would
be confronted at once by the ambiguity of the for-
mulas of faith and the wide interpretations which
the ecclesiastical courts, and the Privy Council in
the last resort, would find themselves compelled to
put on articles which were framed for the very
purpose and intention of allowing, in the Estab-
lished Church, a wide divergence of opinion.
Were it possible to imagine that the House of
Commons could be induced to pass an act of uni-
formity which would in effect exclude from the
Church the Ritualists and the extreme Broad
Church party, it would raise such a discussion in
the country as would endanger the existence of
the national Establishment. There is no likelihood
of such an unwise policy being pursued; both the
Ritualists and the Rationalists may live in peace
and in close proximity, if not in amity, without
any fear of being called upon to forego their
liberty of opinion. Even the Ritualists, in spiteof
their yearnings for unity, have given up the hope
—in this far inferior in Catholic principles to the
elder Tractarians--of making their Church the
faithful guardian and teacher of what they consider
the essential doctrines of Christianity. They are
content to remain what they are—one among
many tolerated schools of widely-divergent opinions
on matters of faith in a Church whose bond of
unity is not unity of faith. But while such widely-
divergent doctrines are tolerated it seems in the
highest degree not only absurd, but unjust and
dishonest to attempt to suppress the outward
symbols and expressions of these different and op
posite doctrines.

The Times—in this representing the mass of the
people who are indifferent in the matter of doctrine

—insists upon retaining an outward uniformity, so
that the eye of the public may not be disturbed,
nor the mind even of the most superficial observer
awakened as to the divergences in belief which
exist in the Protestant Church. It likes to see the
sepulchre whitened. Whilst the Daily News, which
in spite of its consistent Liberalism, is intolerant
of what it considers religious errors in the Estab-
lishment, honestly and vigorously repudiates the
notion of restraining, as the Royal Commission re-
commends, the use of vestments, so long as the
doctrines of which they are symbolical are left
unmolested, it declares that no report so arbitrary
and halting—that no law merely restraining the
clergy from the use of symbols—will satisfy the
country that the real issue, carefully avoided in the
report, must be honestly raised, and the matter of
doctrine be discussed and decided, once and for
ever, so that Englishmen may know what are the
doctrines which the Establishment is authorized to
teach. We shrewdly suspect that the Daily News
is aware that if, as it urges, Parliament were really
to take the matter into its own hands, the very
existence of the Establishment as a national Church
would be endangered.

The Guardian, although little favourable to the
Ritualists, is keen-sighted enough to see this rock
ahead, and wary enough to be anxious to avoid
" that conflict between Parliament and religious
liberty which, in the opinion of all thoughtful
persons, must have such disastrous results."
" Putting aside," it says, "on the one hand the
Ritualists themselves, and Lord Shaftesbury's
people on the other, we find a multitude of persons
between these two extremes who have an objection,
more or less decided, to see any change in the
ornaments of , the minister' from those to which
they have all their lives been accustomed."

The Guardian is, in fact, as is natural to it, in
favour of compromise. It agrees with the report
in desiring that " churchmen in general should be
secured against innovations which they dislike,"
against "an obsolete rubric being employed to
force an unpopular ceremonial on the ordinary wor-
shippers in the parish churches of England," against
any step that would lead to " a revision of the
Prayer-book." On the other hand, it does " not
venture to say that the idea of an exceptional
' Ritualistic' use is without precedent, nor to main-
tain the theory of absolute uniformity." The Guar-
dian is, in a word, like the Royal Commissioners,
notagainst " Ritualistic congregations but Ritual-
istic aggressions." But in this also, like the report,
it fails to suggest the mode in which this compro-
mise is to be elfected.

The practical lesson, which we sincerely hope the
Ritualists may draw from the Report of the Royal
Commissioners on Ritualism, and from the discus-
sions which arise out of it, is to note that whenever
differences as to matters of doctrine, or practices
which involve doctrine, arise in the Anglican

Church, it does not define its doctrines more

sharply, but adds one compromise the more to the
many which constitute its history and its origin.
In this procedure, as in so many others, how unlike

the Catholic Church, which, whenever new errors
are broached, endangering the integrity of the
faith, defines its doctrines and sharpens its teaching

so as to preserve untarnished the mark which Christ
has set upon His Church—unity of faith ! West-
minster Gazette.

Miscellaneous Foreign News.

The following letter, dated Rome, Aug. 29, says :
The violence of the scourge diminishes at
Albano. Since my last letter, dated the 22d inst.,
the number of deaths from cholera in that town
has never exceeded the average of twelve a-day.
It is true that out of six thousand inhabitants,
which it contained, it now comprises scarcely more
than two thousand, the rest having fled or been
carried off by death. Since the sixth of August,
when the cholera made its first appearance, that
unfortunate town has witnessed not fewer than
eighteen hundred deaths.
His Eminence Cardinal Sacconi, formerly Nuncio
at Paris, has of his own accord taken the place of
Cardinal Altieri in the episcopal charge of
Albano. From the sedulous concern he displays
in everything relating to the spiritual welfare of
the population, all feel convinced that if circum-
stances should require it, he would exhibit the
same self-devotion as his predecessor. There are
still about one hundred and fifty persons sick or
convalescent, lying for the most part in a lazaretto,
hastily got up. His Eminence finds the most zeal-
ous co-operators in the secular and regular clergy.
The Jesuits of Galloro, the Capuchins of Castel-
Gondolfo, the Missionaries of the Precious Blood of
Albano, have especially distinguished themselves
by their self-devotedness.
Mgr. Appolloni wishes to remain up to the last
moment at his post. We have already informed
you that, in the very first days, the malady or
terror had utterly dissolved the municipality of
Albano. Invested with extraordinary powers,
which will cease only with the termination of the
epidemic, the prelate in question is engaged in
promoting the material wellbeing of the population.
He provides that the town be supplied with the
adequate number of physicians, of Brothers of St.
John of God, of Sisters of Charity, and of grave-
diggers ; that the streets, the sewers, and the
dwelling-houses be kept in a desirable state of
cleanliness ; that prompt assistance be given to
the sick ; that the disinfection of linens and of the
mortuary chambers be carefully carried out ; and
that the interment of the dead take place accord-
ing to the prescribed rules.
The spectacle of the ravages committed by the
cholera at Albano has strongly impressed the
imagination of the inhabitants in the neighbour-
ing communes. At Genzano, for example, the
population wish by all means, fair or foul, to pre-
vent people coming from Albano and other in-
fected localities, even if they do not stay, from
traversing the country. The Papal Government,
always so paternal, endeavours to dispel by degrees
these exaggerated alarms ; but as revolutionary
leaders are seeking for their own seditious pur-
poses to excite the popular discontent, the task
of the Government is not so easy.
At Rome the scourge continues its ravages.
Since the day before yesterday we notice even a
notable increase in the malady. There were sixty
cases and thirty-nine deaths on the 27th instant,
and sixty-two cases and forty deaths on the 28th.
On the other hand, hope is entertained that the
rains of September will purify the atmosphere,
but as yet there is no sign indicative of rain. And
besides, the course of the cholera this year is so
irregular, that it is better not to indulge in any
illusion.
His Holiness celebrates Mass twice a week in
behalf of Rome and of the other cities in his
States which are visited by the epidemic. All
priests recite at Mass the prayer pro tenzpore pes-
tilentia. In the name of his Holiness, the Cardinal-
Vicar has enjoined certain religious communities to
beseech of the Almighty, by fervent novenas, the
cessation of the dreadful plague. The Blessed
Sacrament is exposed in the principal churches,
Particularly at St. Roch and at St. Sebastian.
A police ordinance, published by formal order
from the Pope, prohibits all assemblages from two
to nine o'clock in the vine-yards where wine and
eatables are sold in the environs of Rome, as well
as in the public-houses of the city. Moreover,
severer penalties than in former times are ordained
against all persons introducing fruits reputed un-
healthy.

The journal Osserratore Romano has instituted a
collection in behalf of the families afflicted by the
cholera. This has already produced fifteen thou-
sand francs.

His Holiness sets no limits to his generosity, for
his Eminence the Cardinal-Vicar has received the
power of expending in his name, and charging to
his account, all such sums as may be needed by
the sanitary condition of Rome.

A solemn funeral service was yesterday cele-
brated in the Church of the Holy Apostles for the
repose of the soul of the Princess Colonna, born at
Alvarez di Toledo, wife of the head of the illustri-
ous family Colonna, whose history is so closely
connected with that of the Papacy.
The testamentary dispositions of the Queen
Dowager of Naples, and of Cardinal Altieri, are
now known.

The Queen prescribes that her body should be
transferred as soon as possible to the burial-place
of the Bourbons. She leaves her fortune to her
eight children, to be divided among them, share
and share alike.

The cardinal expresses the desire that his
mortal remains should be buried at Rome, in the
church of Santa Maria, in Portici, or in Campitelli,
where repose many members of the celebrated
Altieri family. He remits to the Prince, his
brother, all the arrears of the annual pension to
which the younger sons of the patrician family are
entitled at Rome. Moreover, he founds ten chap-
lainries ; he bequeaths to each of his domestics a
life-pension equal to his wages, and leaves the re-
mainder to the hospitals, and to the hospice for the
cholera orphans. By a codicil, his library is
annexed to the seminary of the Roman diocese.
A vigorous protest against the law of confisca-
tion in regard to the property of the Italian Church
is shortly expected from the Pope.
Pius IX., with an unalterable serenity, is taking

measures for the convocation of the General Coun-
cil. He has named a preparatory Commission
such as was instituted for the Council of Trent,
It is composed of seven cardinals and fifteen con-
sultors, men well conversant with the religious in-

terests of the East, as well as of the West.

Nothing more is heard of the Abbe Passaglia,
or of his retractation.

Father Carnelli is still in prison at Santa Maria
delle drazie. He has not yet been tried.
The day before yesterday, we were put for a mo-
ment on the qui vine. Garibaldi, with three of his

generals, was within a gunshot from the frontier,
on the side of Radicofani. But nowhere were
bands of volunteers in red shirts to be seen.
The province of Viterbo, the most turbulent in
the Pontifical State, is tranquil. The Government,
without making any show, is taking sound precau-
tionary measures.

The Pope has just sent 2,000 francs to the sick
in the province of Frosinone.

A TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.—A machine has
been invented by a Mr. Pratt, of Alabama, by which, it is
assumed, a man can print his thoughts twice as fast as he
can write them, and with the legibility of a printed page.
The alphabet, with figures, &e., is formed in a solid stereo-
type plate, with the bodies of all the letters uniform in
size. Ho prints a letter by the blow of a minute hammer,
of a size uniform with the size of the type body—stak-
ing the face of the letter, with a sheet of carbonised
paper, and that on which he would print interven-
ing. Each letter, as wanted, is moved into posi-
tion under the hammer by compound levers, actuated
by keys, like those of a piano. The subject of typo
writing is an interesting one, and may be one of the ac-
complishments of the future; but it is hardly a thing that
can spring fully developed into existence at ono effort.
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COUNTRY MARKETS.

COLCHESTER-SETT. 7.

This market was fairly supplied with wheat to-day.
The trade was 112althy, and last week's prices current.
Wheat, white 6's 76s Beans, 81azaE,ran......318 403
red 00s 7.5 Middle and small_44B 485
Barley... —s ,—s Peas, white. 383 425
Oats •.. ..... .. —8 8 grey ..308 425