The Sun.
London, England, 1867-12-03 00:00:00

The Minister for Foreign Affairs to the French
Charge at Florence.
(Celegram.) -

Paris, Oct. 25.—The nature of the conversations
you have had with General Cialdini has caused me
a warm feeling of surprise and regret. There is
at present only one question. Italy has under-
taken solemn engagements towards us ; does she
mean to keep them ? Her honour and her interests
are involved. It is not by hesitation and indulgence
towards the revolutionary party, but in repressing
it energetically and immediately, that the Italian
Government will secure its good relations with
France, as well as its own prestige and authority.
From what you tell me it is unfortunately clear
that the Cialdini ministry will not succeedin con-
stituting itself, and after that we must see what
is to be done.

The French Charge at Florence to the Minister for
Foreign Affairs.
(Telegram.)

Florence, Oct. 26.—General Cialdini this morn-
ing declined the task of forming a Cabinet. It is
not known whom the King will now send for, but
it is thought his Majesty will summon General
Menabrea.

The French Charge at Rome to the Minister for
Foreign Affairs.

(Telegram.)
_____

Rome, Oct. 26.—There has been no attempt at a
movement in Rome since Tuesday. Yesterday,
however, discovery was made of a quantity of
arms and munitions, and of sixty Garibaldians who
had made their way into Trastevere. Sixteen of
their number were killed, the remainder wounded
and taken prisoners. Outside Rome the forward
movement of the Garibaldian columns is becoming
marked. Upon the north an attack upon Bag-
norea was repulsed yesterday upon the north-east
numerous bands freely cross the frontier, and march
upon Viterbo ; upon the south the corps of Nicotera
is encamped at eight kilometres from Frosinone ;
upon the east, a telegram from Florence announces
that Monte Rotondo has been taken, but nothing
is known of the fate of the garrison. It is certain
that a numerous body of Garibaldians have taken
up a position in advance of that town at twenty
kilometres from Rome ; not more than 1,000 Ponti-
ficals can be sent against them. Although ex-
hausted by fatigue, the army will do its duty to the
end ; nevertheless, even the calmest minds are be-
coining uneasy.

The French Charge at Florence to the Minister for
Foreign Affairs.
(Telegram.)

Florence, Oct. 28.—General Menabrea has de-
finitively formed his ministry. Henceforth it is
permitted to hope that the members of the Cabinet,
well known for energy and true patriotism, will
desire to enter frankly upon a course more confor-
mable to the engagements of the country.
The'Same to the Same.
(Telegram.)

Florence, Oct. 28.—General Menabrea informs
me that the new Cabinet enters into power with
the firm intention of proving to the Emperor's Go-
vernment that it intends loyally to execute the
engagements undertaken by Italy. It has issued a
proclamation it believes calculated to leave no
doubt upon this point. It is about to take severe
measures against the recruitment, the organization,
and the passage of the volunteers across the frontier.
It hopes that these arrangements will have the
effect of causing the majority of those now upon
Pontifical territory to return.

PASTORAL LETTER OF THE ARCHBISHOP
OF WESTMINSTER.

The following is a Pastoral Letter of the Right
Rev. Dr. Manning, Archbishop of Westminster :
To the Clergy, Secular and Regular, and the
Faithjid of the said Diocese.
Health and Benediction in the Lord.

Rev. and dear Brethren, and dear Children in
Jesus Christ,—By command of the Sacred Congre-
gation we make known to you the decision of the
holy See, given on the 6th of August last, on the
question whether it b 3 permitted to Catholic pa-
rents to send their sons to the national universities
of this country. In order to make the subject more
clearly understood, it will be well to relate in a few
words how this question has arisen.

About five years ago, when changes in the law
had thrown open the national universities to Ca-
tholics, a proposal was made for the founding of
a Catholic college in Oxford. The subject was
referred to the bishops, who unanimously decided,
first, that the founding of such a college could not
be sanctioned, and secondly, that Catholic parents
ought to be in every way dissuaded from sending
their sons to Protestant universities.

This decision was approved by the Holy See, and
was published by the bishops in England in March,
1865.

Nevertheless, this act of authority did not suffi-
ciently reach, it would seem, the knowledge of
the laity. And some were still under the misap-
prehension that the Holy See had not disapproved
the practice of Catholics frequenting the universi-
ties.

In order to correct this misapprehension the
bishops again treated of the question at their
meeting in Low Week of this year. They were
unanimous in confirming their decision in 1865, and
were of opinion that the decision was already so
strong and explicit as to render any further decla-
ration on their part unnecessary. But inasmuch as
doubts and misunderstandings had existed, they
resolved on two points—first, that a fuller and
more general publication of their former decision
should be made to the faithful; and secondly, that
the clergy should be enjoined, with obligation of
conscience, to dissuade by all means any Catholic
parents who might be tempted to send their sons to
the universities.

This resolution was approved by the Holy See in
the month of August last, and a letter was ad-
dressed to the bishops by the Cardinal Prefect of
the Sacred Congregation, from which the following
words are taken :

"You will clearly explain in your Pastoral Let-
ter the doctrine of the Church about avoiding the
dangers of mortal sin ; to which no one without
grievous sin can expose himself, unless under the
pressure of serious and adequate necessity, and
unless such precautions be employed as may remove
the proximate danger of sin. In the present case,
where, as his holiness has declared, those who
frequent the universities incur an intrinsic and
most grievous danger to purity of morals, as well
as to faith (which is absolutely necessary to salva-
tion), who can fail to see that it is next to impos-
sible to discover circumstances which would allow
Catholics without sin to attend non-Catholic uni-
versities ?

" The light and unstable minds of youth ; the
errors which in such institutions are imbibed,
almost through the atmosphere, without being
counteracted by more solid doctrine ; the very
great power which human respect and the taunts
of companions exercise upon young men ; lead them
so readily and so immediately into the danger of
falling, that generally no sufficient reason can be
conceived why young men should be entrusted to
these universities. Such being the case, you in
your wisdom will so use the arguments of autho-
rity and reason in publishing the letter, that it
may at length be clearly seen, as well by all the
clergy as by the faithful, what it is their duty to
think and to do in this most grave matter."

The Sacred Congregation in these words enjoins
us to explain to the faithful the sin of exposing
our youth to the danger of losing or of weakening
their faith.

Now faith is a grace of the Holy Spirit, and
therefore a supernatural gift of God. It is infused
into us in Baptism together with hope and charity,
and it consists in a spiritual habit which heals the
wound inflicted by original sin upon the intellect,
and assists it to believe the revelation of super-
natural truth. This grace or gift of God is vital
to our salvation. As the body without the soul is
dead, so the soul without faith is dead likewise.
The Council of Trent describes the working of
actual grace, whereby the adult is brought step by
step to desire the regeneration of Baptism. The
catechumen, in coming to be baptised, is asked
what he seeks of the Church of God. He answers,
Faith. 'Phis faith ig infused into his 601,11 by J3ap.