The Sun.
London, England, 1867-08-06 00:00:00

iyf

, ) :",./</Ay
,r>/

f~'' ~ ~

AforstA
•••,•,.., •
. '
•
, „re ,044„
. , Q4l.
Titire
N I - 17; " •
•_ • •
% C; IL •I • •
I'l
`.7 •4. • 6.
• lo •
\ r. • ••••
Of: s azikLotif„sz .
- 1J • irate ...
• 4
•
. .7.. -I,k;
nrsorr.

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 6, 1867.

LOND

)N AND NORTH.
CALEDONIAN RA]
WEST COAST R
1 THROUGH SERVI(
STATION and the PR
D.

,RN AND

Mr. CIIILDERS agreed that the establishment chart;
could be greatly reduced, though, with regard to the school,
reduction could only be obtained by lowering the charac-
ter of the education, and suggostod that the Admiralty
should clear out the hospital of all the initiates but those
who were only fit for an infirmary, and that those should
ba sent to Hasler.

Improved
EUSTON
SCOTLAN:

ins between
TOWNS in

Colonel SYKES (supported by Mr. Candlish and Mr.
Liddell) put in a claim fur the application of any savings
in the cost of the hospital to the repayment to the mer-
cantile marine of the "Greenwich sixpence," to which Mr.
Cave replied that this had been virtually repaid by the
charges the State had taken on itself in regard to the mer-
cantile marine pensions; and after some remarks from Mr.
D. Griffith, Mr. Seeley withdrew his motion.

Lord IL LENNOX, in reply to Mr Ifanbury-Tracy, ex-
plained the course the Admiralty has taken in regard to
Mr. Henwood's proposal for converting line-of-battle ships
into sea-going Monitors.

Lord F. CAVENDISH complained of the recent

pardon of Greenland (the late manager of the Leeds
Bank), who was sentenced to fifteen months' imprison-
ment for perjury; and Mr. Baines gave expression to the
feelings of disappointment and displeasure with which the
pardon had boen received in Leeds.
Mr. HARDY replied that the remission of sentence had
been granted on the ground tbat Greenland's life and rea-
son would be endangered by longer confinem •ut, and that
it had received the ranction of the judge who tried him.
A debate on the rights of neutrals was raised by Mr. Mill,

who called attention to that portion of the Declaration of
Paris which gives up the right of seizing enemies' goods
in neutral vessels, which he characterised as a great na-
tional blunder, which had never been embodied in a for-
mal treaty, and would not have been agreed to by this
country but for the delusion prevailing just about the
time that the era of groat wars was at an end. Deriding
the notion that war could be made a duel between Govern-
ments—of the effects of which private and mercantile in-
terests should fool nothing but in the way of increased
taxation—he strongly condemned the concession as tend-
ing to prolong the duration of wars, and to transfer the
preponderance from naval "to military Powers, which he
maintained were very far loss favourable to the spread of
liberty, and insisted that since we had made it we had lost
much of our power to interfere in continental politics.
Mr. NORWOOD argued in favour of completing the De-
claration of Paris by exempting all private property at s -a
from capture.
Lord STANLEY admitted that the declaration had
made a groat difference in the psition of neutrals and bel-
ligerents, and that the British Government had deprived
itself of a weapon which at times had been found very use-
ful, but pointed out several considerations on the other side
of the question. For instance, the extreme rights which we
had formerly claimed of seizing enemy's goods on neutral
ships had always produced great irritation among neutrals ;
witness the armed neutrality in 1780, and the attempt to re-
vive it at the beginning of the century, and it was ques-
tionable whether we could carry on war on the old prin-
ciple without dragging neutrals into it, so widely had
commerce increased. The declaration had been observed
by the belligerents in the Italian war, in the Danish war,
and the German war of last year; we had benefited by it
as neutrals, and it would be hardly suitable for us to say
now that we would not be bound by it the first time we
happened to be belligerents. Again, it was agreed at the
time that the four points of the declaration should stand or
fall together; and if we repudiated this point—the renun-
ciation of the right of privateering—the only weapon minor
States had at their command in a naval war would also
fall to the ground. We had given a pledge to the civilised
world, and we could not rescind it except after ample and
solid notice; and as to the form of the engagement, though
it was not embodied in a treaty, and was entirely the act of
the Executive, it had frequently been discussed in Parlia-
ment, which by refusing to sanction any modification of it
had virtually given its adhesion to the declaration.
Sir R. PALMER protested against the suggestion that
the declaration of Paris, which referred entirely to neu-
trals, in any way involved a renunciation of the right to
capture enemy's private property, and maintained that a
national war combined with a mercantile peace was an idea
which, however seductive in time of peace, wont I not be
tolerated when hostilities once began. The declaration,
the form of which in no way facilitated our escape from its
on,gagements—in reality mads but little practical difference,
for the neutral nations had always succeeded in getting
the carrying trade of the belligerents who had no means of
carrying on or defending their own trade; and there had
always been great difficulty in identifying enemy's goods.
It was doubtful whether any advantage we had derived
from the right was not counterbalanced by the irritation of
the neutrals; and he reminded Mr. Mill that we had entered
into the agreement at the close of the Crimean war, during
which we had acted on the principle.

Mr. LABOUCHEIZE brought the discussion to an end,
remarking that it was impossible for us to stand where wo
are ; we must either abandon the declaration or go on and
exempt private property from seizure—and ho prefereed
the latter.

Mr. WHALLEY made some characteristic observations
on the state of Ireland, and urged the Government to
make inquiries during the recess to discover the amount of
connection between Fenian disaffection and the doctrines
taught at Maynooth and other Roman Catholic seminaries.
Alter which the house went into committee of supply.
The Greenwich Hospital vote was agreed to.
Lord NAAS, in moving the Irish education ♦ote
(.£345,000), gave an interesting sketch of the present con-
dition of education in that country. Among other particu-
lars he mentioned that the number of schools had risen
from 1,100 in 1836 to over 6,000 in 1866, and the scholars
from 160,000 to 910,000, and that while the teaching staff
had received £309,000, only £32,000 of that, or 17 per cent,
had been contributed from local source; though consider-
able sums had been locally contributed for the building of
schools. The mixed schools aro 3,720, but, to show the in-
terest Roman Catholics now tako in tho system, Lord Naas
mentioned that of the 6,000 school; 4,000 are under the
direct patronage of the Catholic clergy ; that of 2,331 pa-
trons, 1,132 are Roman Catholic priest; who are patrons,
too, of 94 of the 159 new schools added to the rolls during
the past year; and, to illustrate the effects of the system,
he gave the figures of the attendances, the result of which
is that there aro 983,000 children who attend school more
than six weeks in the year, which more than fulfils Mr.
Bruce's educational canon, that 1-6th of the population at
least should attend school. Lord Naas next discussed at
length the demands recently made for changes in the na-
tional system by the Roman Catholic prelate; and an-
nounced that the Government, after due consideration, de-
clined to take up the plan for the establishment of model
schools projected by the late Government, alleging that it
had been warmly opposed by some portion of the commu-
nity, and coldly received by all. Wishing to make a final
effort to terminate the long contentions on this subject,the
Government intended to appoint a commission to inquire
into the condition of primary education in Ireland.
Mr. C. FORTESCUE, while admitting that the present
system had not succeeded, doubted the wisdom of appoint-
ing the Commission. All the facts were already in the
hands of Government, or could easily be ottained from the
National Board, and the question was one which ought to
be dealt wiah on the responsibility of the Government.
Mr. LEFROY recommended the preparation of some
broad, comprehensive scheme of Scriptural education,
which could be imparted to children of all denominations.
Mr. OSBORNE shared in the conclusion that the secular
system was a failure—more showy than practical—but con-
curred with Mr. Fortescue in thinking the Commission
unnecessary.
At ton minutes past one the debate was adjourned on the
motion of Sir J. Gray, the Chancellor of the Exchequer
reminding the house that it was now the 6th of August,
and that if Supply were regularly delayed every night by
preliminary motions, the session would never be brought
to a close.
The Army Reserve and Militia Reserve Bills wore passed
through committee.
Some other orders were forwarded a stage, and the house
adjourned at 20 minutes past 2 o'clock.

Tottenham, Aug. 3.

GOODwOOD, 1867.—The Chesterfield Cup, won
by Mr. Thollusson, was manufactured by Mos 3rs. London
n
and Ryder, of 17, New Bend-street, in silver, chased i
the morosque style. The subject, which is treated in a
most artistic manner, illustrates Sir Walter Scott's ballad
of the "Fire King." It is a romantic story of Count Albert
and Fair Rosalie, the former of.,whom becomes false to his
religion and his vows as a Knight Templar out of love for
a Saracen maiden. The cover is emb,llished with a sta-
tuette of Fair Rosalie as a page ; the Knight Templarnd
a
Saracen Renegade surmount the handles, ono of which bears
a bas-relief of the Templar renouncing his faith and swear
ing allegiance to the Fire King; tho other, has a bas-
relief of the knight pledging his troth to the Saracen
maiden. The subject of the two large chaas-relias
illustrate Count Albert renouncing his knight sed bhod, join-
ing the Faynims, and the fatal result in a
batotle near
Jerusalem to him and Fair Rosalie.
[ADVERTISEMENT.' ILA ioWay'S Pills—Enfeebled Exist-
ence.—'Phis medicine embraces every attribute r
theequired
in a general and domestic remedy ;
it overturns foun-
dation of disease laid by indigestible food and impure air;
in obstructions or congestion of the liver, lungs, bowels, or
any other organ, these pills are especially serviceable and
eminently successful. They should be kept in every fa-
mily, as they are a medicine without a fault for young
persons and those of feeble constitutions. They never
cause pain, or irritate the most sensitive nerves,
or the
most tender bowels. Holloway's pills are the best known
purifiers of the blood, and the best promoters of absorption
and secretion, which remove all poisonous and pbuoxious
particles from both fluids mid solids.

_'--,

,--T

, 41,__.--

PRICY 4d.
STAMPED sd.

BA LLO ON VIEIV OF SUNRISE.

TO THE EDITO;: OF THE SUN.

Su ,---On July 31, at 4 10 a.m., I ascended, in
company with Capt. Woodgate. fro•n the neigh-
bourhood of East Gri►:stcad, in Sussex, our object
being to witness sunrise.

My balloon " Express " had descended in that
locality on the previousevening after an ascent from
the Crystal Palace, when Capt. and Mrs. Wood-
gate, Miss Valentine llagart, Mr. F. Norris, and
Mr. William Woodgate were the occupants of the
car, myself of course included.
The principal features of the evening voyage on
Tuesday were a slow rate of travelling and a decided
manifestation of enjoyment on the part of the
ladies. We were more than three hours in going
a distance of 25 miles.

The weather being extremely mild I anchored
my balloon for the night, which was an affair of
no great difficulty. After partaking of refresh-
ment, it was decided that two gentlemen should
return to Norwood With Mrs. Woodgate and Miss
Ilagart, and at 4 10 a.m., the morning being cold
and cheerless, we ascended from Mr. Dawson's
farm, the temperature being so low as 40 deg. Fah.,
while the barometer stood at 29.70.

The surrounding country was thickly wooded and
picturesque, but a grey mist hung over the land,
and a stranger to the country would have declared
that numerous pieces of water were spread beneath,
but this was for the most part an illusion ; it was
fog hanging over valleys and lowlands, and these
lifted a little water, when the aspect of the land-
scape as well as that of the heavens became changed
by the cloud bursting forth and drawing up the
night vapours in cloud wreaths and rounded forms.
At 4 20 the earth was almost totally eclipsed by a
bluish veil of thick mist, which terminated at 3,200
feet elevation.
The upper bowl shaped contour of this cloud
mass was very marked and singular ; the rain, over
which was the blue sky, formed a perfect circle,
without the least irregularity of outline, but just
beneath the car there was a break, through which
hedgerows and houses could be clearly discerned.
This vast basin of vapour had one pervading dark
colour until 4 35, when the sun rose over the
eastern ridge, and effected such rapid and magic
changes as only the glorious king of day is capable
of producing.
In my last view of sunrise which I witnessed
while engaged in aerial pursuits in the year 1862
there were mountainous ranges of clouds grandly
lighted up with golden, purple, and orange tints,
but this time it was a totally different scene, for
when the sun shed his dazzling lustre two-thirds of
the cloud circle appeared deeply dyed with grey,
while the eastern portion assumed such pure and
spotless grandeur, so white and chaste, so gradually
toned throughout a long vista leading to the sun,
that our attention was directed for a considerable
time to this beautiful appearance, and Capt. Wood-
gate expressed himself surprised and enchanted.
As the sun rose the transformation was indeed
extraordinary ; the heat rays separated the contin-
uous strata, and it mounted in fantastic shapes and
gave place to cumuli, which rolled across the fields
as if they brushed the earth in their transit. The
crisp upper air soon provoked a longing for break-
fast. I promised my companion to revisit terra
firma, and ascend again afterwards to an elevation
equal to that of Mont Blanc. Accordingly we cast
about for a meadow near Horton station, on the
Brighton Railway, and again secured the "Express"
while we visited an hotel for our coffee.
At 8 a.m. we resumed our seats and ascended for
the third time with the original supply of Crystal
Palace gas.
On each occasion we recorded the temperature of
the air and the readings of Negretti and Zambra's
pocket aneroids—and although it may not prove of
general interest to occupy much space with these
figures, still it is advisable not altogether to omit
them.
At 811. :3m. after we had risen 1,000 feet the ther-
mometer
read 57deg. ; at Bh. 18w. we were a mile
high, temperature being 30deg. ; at Bh. 32w. the
barometers marked 18.40, and Fahrenheit had
dropped to 12deg. ; at Bh. 43m., barometer 17.50,
and temperature 7 deg., we were nearly over
Reigate, and had been making cyclonic movements
for some time, there being a total absence of any
settled current in the higher atmosphere, while below
it was steady at S.E.
At this time our barometers ceased to act, not
being constructed to record pressure much more
than two miles, but the lower part of the balloon
had yet space for expansion, it having been only
half inflated when we left Horton. The thermo-
meter finally went down to 4 deg., so that we ex-
ceeded probably three miles in height, which was
quite as much as I expected of the balloon after re-
taining the gas so long a time and after performing
these three-fold ascents.
The descent occupied half an hour, and we landed
at 10 30 near Bletchinglcy, in Surrey.

I am, sir, yours obediently,
HENRY COXWELL.

THE LORDS AND REFORM.

The Journal des Debats, in its issue of Sunday,
published the following article, bearing the signa-
ture of M. Prevost-Paradol:—
“ The sitting of the House of Lords on Tuesday,
July 30, will be memorable, not only in the history
of the Reform Bill of 1867, but in the general
history of the representative system. It was,
indeed, in that sitting that' an idea quite novel
in political science, and which but the other day
was familiar only to a few enlightened minds, Was
solemnly accepted into English legislation, and was
adopted as an institution which merits to serve as an
example to free nations. We do not forget that the
adhesion of the House of Commons to Lord Cairns's
amendment is required, but after the very favouri-
eiwtcnildtenotedehget guy
de-
able reception which a similar amendment net
witt
in that house, we may regard as certain the ultnna e
assent of the Ministry to the
success of thegreat measure wine
will
a n d theer representationhaps w ell
rememberofpr.inhciiplilset,itatintesd tihneEfi,nnga.l
s
ing attention to a subject .
tetyd
discussions
io peoplensi
minorities.oo.r
which
arsff affects
us readers
t c t ahl
il
rittiiesle
more
tellyvetlhiaanv
the house of Commons
fgm roundino
gsvuisßheedforamu
signed to introduce the reuprestle_pnotantiouniiso
thßoirlii.ties and those usually the
ini;llnootosstttddhilenidneed —from Mr. J. S. Mill, the democratic
doctrinaire, tbocelnr.
agreed, Lowe, t
ah
ne d Ctoi ne s
ae rmv
ea
nt idv
me e
nd
to c twr
strongest reasons, enforced by the
as
highest eloquence. Government, however; had de-
ntaipirpeo—rtieldaybey
S
the str
tertnined to resist it, and the proposition was de-
feated with an honourable minori'y of 143 votes. It
is exactly by 142 votes against 51, making a majo-
rity of 91, that the same amendment in another
shape has just been adopted by the House of Lords.
On this occasion also the Government considered
themselves bound to oppose it, and Lord Malmes-
bury, who was charged with this ungracious duty,
found but one objection to the proposition— that the
idea was novel, a strange argument indeed, as Lord
Russell remarked, to proceed from a Ministry which
was about to inaugurate the greatest of novelties in
England by so considerable a lowering of the elec-
toral franchise. It might have been embarrassing to
Lord Malmesbury if he had been reminded that one
of the resolutions originally submitted to the Howe
of Commons proposed to establish a plurality of
votes for certain classes of electors—an innova-
tion which would have been as remarkable, less
easy of justification, and certainly less popular,
than the system proposed by the amendment. Et
is, indeed, the especial character of this system to
offer equal advantage to all parties—to establish no
privilege of class or fortune, favouring no opinions,