The Sun.
London, England, 1867-11-15 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER, 15, 1867.

is simply this—Leave every one free to act in
accordance with his convictions. Let each Re-
publican and each Democrat be a PrOtectionist or
Free-trader, for license or for prohibition, as his own
judgment shall dictate." Glance at the contradic-
tion otherwise quickly arrived at. Republicanism
is Protection—and the West is vitally injured by
Protection—of course the East must be benefited
and Democracy advocate Free Trade. The two
greatest manufacturing States are Pennsylvania and
New York. The former has just cast a Democratic
vote, the latter has now followed suit. Here, then,
we have the manufacturers placing the Free-traders
in power. Illinois is the greatest of agricultural
states ; lowa next. The former has just cast a
strong and increased Republican vote, and the latter
has followed suit. Here then we have the vitally
injured West deliberately placing Protectionists in
power. Thus, through the Times' proposition, we
arrive at a result which would argue that the
American people are idiots, or, the Times, wrong.
We will leave our readers to judge whether that
journal or the New York Tribune is best able to
explain the views of the Republican party in Ame-
rica. As we desire that the Free-Trade League in
the United States may have fair play, and that its
cause may not be prejudiced by such fallacies, we
trust that the Times will not continue to circulate
such errors, which can only retard the end intended
to be advanced.—Anglo-American Times.

The following is the extract from the Nation
alluded to in the above article :

" Beyond a reasonable doubt Judge Sharwood
is elected in Pennsylvania, but by a majority so
small that it may be said that Philadelphia elected
him. In the rest of the State, as the inquirer points
out, Republican gains did not badly balance Demo-
cratic.. gains ; but in Philadelphia there was a dead
loss to the Republicans, and it seems certain that the
care with which the Democrats selected the names for
their locai ticket, and the carelessness, something
worse, which filled the Republican ticket in the
city with inferior names, may be set down as
causing the loss of the State. Judge Woodward
goes to Congress from the Twelfth District, but by
a trifling majority, and there is talk of Democratic
corruption and intimidation which, if made good in
a contest, may yet give the seat to his opponent.
The Legislature is Republican, and the total vote
is less by a hundred thousand than that of last
year. In Ohio the Republican majority is won-
derfully reduced from its strength in the last
gubernatorial election. General Hayes beat Mr.
Thurman by no more than 3,000 or 3,500 votes.
The legislative districts are so laid out in Ohio that
a gubernatorial majority no heavier than that is
sure to be accompanied by an adverse Legislature.
Mr. Wade may therefore count on retiring from the
Senate ; and another Congressional loss sustained
by the Ohio Republicans is the transfer of the vacant
seat belonging to the Second District from General
Haves to Mr. Cary. A Republican correspondent
who writes to us from Northern Ohio is very clear
as to the causes which have produced the surprising
result in that State. He divides them into two
classes. And first, he says, the trade of the country
is nearly at a stand still ; the labourer is abroad'
in search of employment; taxes and the cost of
living are enormously high ; the profits of labour
are almost unprecedentedly small ; yet Congress
has been possessed by a mania for appropriations,
has increased the pay and perquisites of its members;
during three sessions since the war closed has
provided no method of retrenchment, of econo-
mising the collection of the revenue, and of
lopping off useless and devouring offices, of
checking the thousand official cheats by which
the national Treasury is drained. Secondly, he
says, the Ohio Republicans have put in nomina-
tion, in very many instances, the worst men of the
party, Government plunderers,' men of generally
bad reputation ; the soldiers have been alienated by
a species of proscription which kept their names off
the local tickets, and forced them, if they wished
to vote for a comrade, to look for him on the tickets
of the Democracy ; the negro suffrage was in-
opportunely proposed inopportunely, for two
reasons : Ist, because the scarcity of employment
made labourers oppose a measure which they
thought would help to attract coloured labourers
into Ohio from the neighbouring States ; and, 2dly,
because many Republicans who believed that the
party had grown corrupt from fancied security had
no wish to see the chains of cliques and primary
meetings riveted more firmly on it by the aid of a
class of voters peculiarly liable to be used by dema-
gogues. Mainly to these two last-named causes—
the negro suffrage amendment and the defection of
the soldiers ou county issues—our correspondent
ascribes the Republican defeat this fall ; aid he illus-
trates his meaning in regard to the defection of
the soldiers by speaking of his own county, in
which he says a quartermaster who had been con-
victed by court-martial and dishonourably dis-
missed the service procured a place on the Repub-
lican ticket. These views and opinions may be
mistaken ones, though it is our belief that they are
in the main correct. At all events it is very well
to know what is being said among men who, like
our correspondent, have been for years voting with
the Republican party. As for lowa, it seems to
have hardly heard of the ' reaction.' In Indiana
there are not, as at first was reported, any Republi-
can gains."

hue in sight. She was signalled, and au attempt to '
fetch her was made by the Esmok's crew, but the
ship went her course, taking no notice. They
had hard work pulling back to the Alma, which they
did and fastened the boats to her stern. Captain
lioniere asked the shipwrecked crew to go on board
his vessel and help to repair her, but they declined,
stating that they saw her gradually settling down.
Having remained in their boats for about two hours,
the men suffering a good deal from wet and cold,
two schooners appeared ; they were signalled, and
one of them, which proved to be the Pavidette,
quickly answered, and bore down on the small boats,
which were pulling towards her, Capt. Potts in the
meantime hosting a signal indicating that he was
ready to give assistance. The crew having got on
board, Capt. Potts steered for the Alma, which
also signalled for his aid. The boat of the latter was
lowered, into which were first put three ladies and
gentlemen, and a child, who were passengers, and 9
seamen. The first trip to the Pavidette was accom-
plished without any accident, but the seamen, who
were all French, very gallantly refused to take the
boat back and rescue nine more men, including the
captain, who was still on board. They persisted
in refusing to go, whereupon the mate of the Pavi-
dette with some of the Esmok's crew volunteered
to man the boat. They brought the remaining men
safely to the ship. The Pavidette hove to for the
night, and the following morning an examination
of the Alma was made by the captain and his mate.
They determined that the ship was not seaworthy,
and that they would abandon her. Captain Potts
then put his ship about and bore up for Queenstown,
with 45 persons on board whom he had rescued from
an untimely end. The captains, passengers, and
crews of both ships speak in the highest terms of
the kindness which they received while on board
from Captain Potts, as well as his wife, and they
only regret that they cannot recompense them ade-
quately for the valuable services they rendered.
Captain Potts in this ease has shown the most
praiseworthy anxiety for thesafety of those he res-
cued, because, at great disadvantage to himself, his
ship being bound out, he put back to Queenstown,
prolonging his voyage at least a week, and also
running the risk of losing a fair wind. On their
arrival at Queenstown the crews were taken to the
Sailors' Home.

Sultan in his magnanimity ? How can you ask us
to return to our dwellings to enjoy in safety the
protection of the Imperial Government? Does not
your Excellency then remember that at the head
of your ferocious militia you have demolished
and burned our habitations ; that everywhere on
your passage you have devastated and sacked our
unfortunate country ; that the blood of victims un-
justly shed has dug between you and us an abyss
which nothing can fill up : No tie, absolutely none,
unites us to you. Religion, language, manners,
customs, national traditions, arc with us in opposi-
tion to yours. The massacres committed by you in
the present war, the profanation of our temples,
the destruction of our villages, of our olive woods,
of our vines—all these acts of vandalism have
crowned the enmity existing between you and us,
and it is henceforth impossible for us to live under
the law of such cruel tyrants.
" Your Excellency's Government, then, deceives
itself strangely if it hopes to bring us again under
its dominion by fallacious promises. Consequently,
we boldly refuse the six weeks' truce which you
grant us, reserving to ourselves the right to attack
the Imperial troops when and where we think
proper. Neither will we accept the authority given
us to emigrate with our families within the above-
named time. You well know that up to this time
thousands of families have quitted Crete without the
authority of your magnanimous Government."

THE PUBLIC HEALTH.

(From the Registrar-General's Weekly Return.)

In the week that ended on Saturday, November
9, 4,613 births and 2,706 deaths were registered in
London and 12 other large towns in the United
Kingdom. The annual rate of mortality was 23
per 1,000 persons living.
The annual rate of mortality last week was 20 per
1,000 in London, 27 in Edinburgh, and 25 in Dub-
lin ; 20 in Bristol, 23 in Birmingham, 26 in Liver-
pool, 26 in Manchester, 27 in Salford, 24 in Shef-
field, 24 in Leeds, 28 in Hull, 29 in Newcastle-
upon-Tyne, and 27 in Glasgow.
In London the births of 1,187 boys and 1,083
girls, in all 2,270 children, were registered in the
week. Iu the corresponding weeks of ten years
1857-66 the average numbers, corrected for increase
of population, is 2,081.
The deaths registered in London during the week
were 1,195. It was the 45th week of the year, and
the average number of deaths for that week is, with
a correction for increase of population, 1,417. The
deaths in the present return are less by 222 than the
estimated number.

The deaths from zymotic diseases were 251, the
corrected average number being 347. The deaths
from smallpox were 9, from scarlatina 39, from
whooping-cough 27, from typhus 42, from diarrhoea
21, and from measles 37. Fifteen children died from
measles in the north districts of the metropolis; six
of these cases occurred in the sub-district of St.
John, Marylebone.
The son of a painter, aged 2 years, died on Nov. 1
at 4, Bridge-street, Hammersmith, of cholera, 8
hours, and on Nov. 4, in the same family, a daugh-
ter, aged 5 years, died of cholera, 24 hours. The
son of a stonemason, aged 3 months, died on Nov. 3
at 14, Ashburnham-terrace, Chelsea, of choleraic
diarrboat. The son of a cooper, aged 4 years, died
on the 28th Oct. at 21, Washington-street, Mile-
end Old Town, of convulsions from choleraic diar-
rhcea, accelerated by the smell from drains. (In-
quest.) A labourer, aged 60 years, died on the 3d
Nov. at 16, Charlton-vale, Woolwich, of acute
rheumatism, 6 days, choleraic diarrhoea, 18 hours.
One hundred and forty-eight persons died last
week from phthisis, 154 from bronchitis, 82 from
pneumonia, and 51 from diseases of the heart.
The deaths of three persons who were killed by
horses or carriages in the streets were registered last
last week. One hundred and forty-six deaths from
injuries caused by horses or vehicles in the streets
have been recorded during the present year.
At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean
height of the barometer in the week was 30.321 in.
The barometrical reading increaseh from 30.10 on

Monday, the 4th of Nov., to the very high reading
of 30-47 in. on Saturday, the 9th of Nov. The mean
temperature of the air in the week was 41.9 deg.,

which is 3.5 deg. below the average of the same
week in 50 years (as determined by Mr. Glaisher.)

The highest day temperature was 53.5 deg. ou Mon-
day, the 4th of Nov. The lowest night temperature
was 30.2 deg. on Sunday, the 3d of Nov. The en-
tire range of temperature in the week was, there-
fore, 23.3 deg. The mean of the highest tempera-
tures of the water of the Thames was 47.7 deg. ;
that of the lowest was 45.4 deg, The difference
between the mean dew-point temperature and air
temperature was 3.2 deg. The mean degree of
humidity of the air was 89, complete :saturation
being represented by 100. On Saturday, the 9th
of Nov., the atmosphere was saturated with mois-
ture, the amount recorded being 100. Fog of

variable density was prevalent during the week.
Lightning was seen during the night of Monday,
the 4th of November. No rain fell. The general
direction of the wind was IV.S.W. According to a
return furnished by the engineer of the Metropolitan
Board of Works, the average daily quantity of sewage
pumped into the river Thames at the Southern Out-
fall Works, Crossness, was 48,759,604 gallons, or
221,537 cubic metres, equivalent to about as many
tons by weight.
The present system of registration has been in
operation for 30 years ; and a legal certificate of a
birth, death, or marriage in England or Wales
during that period may be obtained at the General
Register-office, Somerset-house.