The Sun.
London, England, 1867-10-09 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONuON, WEDNESDAY Err:NINO, OCTOBER 9, 1867

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LONDON, TrED.VESDAY, OCT. 9, 18G7.

The public will learn with satisfaction that the
Government have appointed a Special Commission
to try the persons charged with having taken part
in the recent rescue of the prisoners in Manchester

We learn that two of her MAJESTY'S PuisueJudges
are to proceed to Manchester, and in all probability
' they will commence their sittings on the 28th inst.
This is a very wise arrangement, for it is
of the utmost importance that no time
should be lost in bringing these criminals
to justice. No good can possibly come from
delay in such matters, while a whole train of evils
follow from putting off and losing the fitting
moment for action. By the time that dilatory pro-
ceedings take place some important individuals will
be sure to make out that it is too late to take
any more action in the case, while the sentimen-
talists will take advantage of the gradual modifica•
tion that has taken place in public indignation to
begin their diatribes against harsh measures and to
put forth their pleas for the freedom of the
offenders. Besides, no one can go on thinking of
the same thing for an unlimited time, and the
numerous distractions that are sure to arise will
direct the general interest from the attentive con-
sideration of the subject ; and when the mind is
forced back again to its contemplation a change of
opinion may ensue, and a false impression be created.
We may add, that another point to be thought of is,
that it is the most merciful course to adopt with
regard to the culprits themselves to be as speedily as
consistent in the administration of justice relative
to their offence. He who gains time gains every-
thing is a well-known saying, and, in truth, has
often been attested in many remarkable cases, and
who can blame the prisoner from thinking that it is
a good thing for him that so much time has gone
by, and yet he has escaped ? For any and all these
reasons then we are glad that the Government
have settled to act with promptitude, and they
could hardly have shown more discretion and
zeal combined than they have done. Proofs are
not wanting of the guilt of these parties in
Manchester, and at any rate quite enough has
transpired to justify the most vigorous measures
being employed in their case.

It is almost impossible to exaggerate the import-
ance of not letting time be wasted in coming to
some conclusion with these prisoners, and letting
the public mind be satisfied with the course fol-
lowed by the authorities. Such a line of action
will be most akin to the feeling of the community,
and most in accordance with the spirit of English
justice. 'We do not hold with the style that finds
favour abroad of a minute investigation and com-
plicated arrangements. A plain and straightfor-
ward inquiry is all that is needed. We must deal
promptly with the offenders before us, and leave
the discovery of their accomplices to the chances
that time may bring us. Such a view is the only
just one to take, and it has the additional advan-
tage of being the most politic one that could be
devised. We cannot afford to let these Fenians and
their friends, who seem to love them not wisely
but too well, run away with the idea that, what-
ever happens they will all get off somehow, and that
the authorities, when it comes to a pinch, will be
afraid to act summarily or to give the law they
have outraged the vindication it calls for at their
hands. The plans of these miscreants are only too
well laid ; they fail not in cunning of purpose nor in
celerity of execution. Let us not, then, be out-
witted by them in their dexterous but unscrupulous
course, but meet them with their own weapons of
speed and strength. A great deal of leniency has
been shown to these Fenians, not unwisely, under
the circumstances of the case, but still enough to
make them presumptions, as it has since turned out.
It behoves us, then, to consider what is due to the
preservation of the law and the maintenance of the
public peace. Apologists will, no doubt, start up,
but these will not be able to contradict facts and
make the worse appear the better cause.
The Government may have an arduous work
to perform, but they will be supported by
the sense of the country, which has de-
clared against these perpetual conspirators,
and cannot longer endure with patience such un-
warrantable violence, and such a spirit of revenge
and animosity. Acts of provocation, it may be
added, which are the more to be condemned because
of the repeated instances in which leniency has been
shown—a leniency, it is to be feared, which was as
little appreciated as it was deserved, and a repeti-
tion of which in the future seems on every account
to be deprecated alike for political reasons as for
prudential considerations.

The records of the Registrar-General are usually
watched with some anxiety at the close of the
summer months. Happily the recent reports show
us a decrease of 169 in the number of deaths in the

ten large English towns which are the subjects of
comparison. London, as usual, is one of the
healthiest, though Sheffield, strange to say, stands
on a par, and Bristol is beyond it. The rate of
mortality last week was 20 per 1,000 in London and
Sheffield, 19 in Bristol, 26 in Edinburgh, 22 in
Dublin, 24 in Glasgow, while in Liverpool and
Birmingham it was 26, in lull 27, iu Salford 28,
in Leeds, Manchester, and Newcastle-upon-Tyne
29. Liverpool is rising in the scale of health, and
we hope will continue to improve until it has en-
tirely lost its unfavourable sanitary reputation.
Tho difference between the rate of mortality in some
of these cities is very marked, and should suggest
to the local authorities a little closer inquiry into
matters affecting public health. Why should the
death rate of Manchester be nearly half as much
again as that of Sheffield? Why should London
itself, thronged with inhabitants, containing a more
than average proportion of the poor, the sick, the
afflicted, and the criminal, be so far beyond
other cities more favourably situated with re-
gard to health ? There can be no question that the
neglect of sanitary measures has a great deal to do
with the excessive rate of mortality in some cities.
It is well known that many of the large manufac-
turing towns of the North, such as Salford, sprung
up with marvellous rapidity from the unprecedented
development of their trade. The demand for
labour brought a speedy supply, men came flocking
to the spot, and within a few years a quiet village
green became a great town, in which every one was
engrossed in his own pursuits, and had no time or
thought for local improvements. The cotton famine
was in some respects a blessing for these towns, since
the Public Works Act enabled them to attend to
such matters as draining, paving, and lighting,
which, needful as they were, had, in the hurry of
business; been neglected. But the high rate of
mortality which still prevails in many of our cities
seems to indicate the necessity of increased vigilance.
The cholera is not the only nor the inbst fatal
enemy invited by the neglect of sanitary preeau •
tions. An epidemic produces a panic, and shows
startling results, but medical men and social philo-
sophers well knew that the fever which works in the
courts and alleys of the ill-drained, ill-ventilated,
over-thronged bye-ways of a city fed by foul smell
and impure water, has every year its long list of
victims. An unhealthy season, a bad time for trade,
or any other:exceptional cause, only kindles the
pile -which is always sinouldering. It is not a little
singular that the deaths from diarrhcea, notwith-
standing the coldness of the weather, are unusually
high. It is true that they manifest a steady de-
crease, having been, in four weeks in London,
577, 436, 336, and 222. Oar authorities must
increase rather than relax the r vigilance,

and it would be well if our practical philan-
thropists could devise some means for check-
ing the overcrowding which is always on the
increase among us, and of providing a better, more
liberal, and more constant water supply. It is a
question whether it should not be made compulsory
on the owners of houses to provide proper recep-
tacles for a sufficient store of water proportioned to
the size of the house.

Another point upon which there is some remiss-
ness is connected with the accidental deaths. The
deaths of seven persons who were killed by horses
or carriages in the streets were registered last week
in London, a fact which reminds the reader
that the measures so often advised for the
protection of foot passengers have not yet been
adopted. A light bridge thrown over the most
dangerous of our street crossings or a tunnel under-
neath them would cost but little, and would afford
a great protection. It is only wonderful when we
look at the immense amount of traffic constantly
going on, the hurry, and bustle, and eagerness of
both. drivers and passengers at sharp corners or
over transverse routes that the accidents instead of
being so frequent as they are are not more numerous.
Aged, infirm, or deaf people run very great risks, yet
such persons must pass the great thoroughfares.
It may be said that the majority of the accidents
do not happen at the crossings ; but nearly all
happen on the road itself, and those persons who
are most liable to accident, and least able to save
themselves from injury, would be just the ones to
avail themselves of the protection offered by the
bridge or the subway. We are getting so accus-
tomed to bridges above our heads and ways beneath
our feet that we need not mind having a few more,
especially when they are intended not only to pro-
mote public convenience and assist the despatch of
business, but to diminish the risks of death and
disaster.

Prince ILMIENLOIIE made a speech in the Lower
House at Munich on the occasion of the Zollverein
Treaties being laid before the House, and his te-
marks were characterised by some originality. He
said that the Bavarian Government did not desire
that the Southern States should enter into the North
German Confederation, and neither did it seek for
a constitutional alliance with Austria. Their policy
seeks not to be a great power themselves, nor to play
the part of a mediator between Austria and Prussia.
It is the opinion of the Government that the
Treaty of Prague prevents the entry of a single
Southern State into the Northern Confederacy.
Perhaps this opinion is shared by the Berlin autho-
rities, and hence their well-known disregard to the
stipulations of the well-known Treaty, which has
called forth such well• merited answers from the
French press, and made some former admirers look
askance at their proceedings. The approaching
visit of the Emperor of AUSTRIA to Paris has
already given rise to some excitement, and
we may expect before long to hear rumours
without end concerning its intents and
purposes, its probable success or its likely failure.
For many reasons it seems desirable that it should
take place, and if no immediate consequences ensue
the effect may be as important, if not quite so ap-
parent, as people suppose. That a good under-
standing may flourish between France and Austria
is greatly to be desired for many reasons, and it is
certain that no other means seems so likely to keep
Prussia in check, if not to circumvent her de-
signs or schemes altogether. Were the policy of
Berlin straightforward, even if ambitious bsyond
bounds, it would not be so much to be apprehended,
but the tortuous character of its schemes renders
it most desirable for something to be done. We
may consider then that the more the entente
cordiale prevails between the two Emperors, the
greater will be the misgivings of Count BISMARCK,
and the more strenuously will be work to compass
his own ends, no matter how unwarrantable may
be the means he resorts to in desperation or
defiance.

By the arrival of the City of Paris, from New
York on September 28, we learn that the Conserva=
five candidates have withdrawn from the Nashville
election upon learning the non-interference of
General Tuomis to enforce the laws. The fears
of a collision, which had been very general, were
therefore tranquillised. An outbreak put down by
force of arms would have been neither creditable
nor satisfactory, and the Democratic party have
probably lost little by avoiding it. In other quar-
ters they are gaining ground. In Louisiana the
election of delegates has begun, and the
Radicals apprehend a defeat. The ovatione
to Generals SHERIDAN and SICKLES, who
appear to be the idols of the hour in Radical
circles, are still kept up. It is rumoured, though
with what grounds is not stated, that the long de-
ferred trial of Mr. DAVIS is to come off at Rich-
mond next month, and that Chief Justice CHASE
will preside over the court. We have heard re-
ports to this effect very often before, and may
therefore reasonably doubt their reliability.

From Mexico the news is not favourable to
JUAREZ. Diaz has accepted the nomination for
Presidency, and his adherents are prepared for a
" furious campaign." JUAREZ troubles himself very
little about the estimation in which he is held by
European Governments, since he persistently main-
tains his refusal to surrender MAXIMILIAN'S remains.
It is a sign of a savage and tyrannical nature to
refuse the victim's family this poor consolation.
The body has reached the capital, we are told, but
was not delivered to Admiral TEGETIIOFF, who
had determined upon returning without it. It is
useless to attempt to treat with the Mexicans in
their present semi-civilised state as with other
American or with European Governments. Such
power as they have they abuse ; and when they have
succeeded in disgusting and alienating the people of
less savage and reckless nations, they flatter them-
selves that they have inspired fear and respect.

TILE LATE RIGHT IRON. HORATIO WADDINGTON.
—The funeral of the late Right Hon. Horatio Waddington
took place to-day. Mr. Waddington, whose reputation as
a scholar and whose merits as a public servant have long
been known and recognised, was some two years ago made
a Privy Councillor by the late Government, and was upon
his resignation a few weeks ago placed by the present
Government upon the list of the Judicial Committee of the
Privy Council, where his extensive experience and emi-
nent abilities wuuld, had his life been spared, have been
found most useful. It is to the credit of the Government
that his merits were thus recognised, and we understand
that, as a further testimony of the opinion entertained by
the Government of his services, his retiring pension was
increased from £l,OOO to £1,500 per annum.
FUNERAL OF Slit THOMAS TEouBnIDGE.—Sir
Thomas Troubridge was buried yesterday at Kensal-green
Cemetery. The funeral was attended by his mother, the
Dowager Lady Troubridge ; his sister, Miss Troubridge ;
his cousins, Captain Egerton, R.N., and A. Bailin) Coch-
rane, M.P.; his late wife's brothers, Hay, William, Charles,
and Somerville Gurney; and others, all near relatives of
hin.self and the late Lady Troubridge, who was buried on
the 31st of August last. The funeral was quite private.
Among those who looked on was a sergeant who helped
to carry the deceased off the field of Inkerman. His death
is now ascribed to fatness of the heart, brought on by the
sedentary life he was obliged to lead in consequence of his
wounds.

THE EXPLOSION AT WOOLWICH ARSENAL.—An-
other, making the third, death has taken place in conse-
quince of this explosion. The boy Newby, who was 12
years of age, and lived in Coleman-street, Woolwich, died
yesterday morning at the Arsenal Infirmary. The inquest
was opened to-day (Wednesday) before Mr. Carttar,
coroner for Kent. Evidence of identification of the bodies
was taken, and the investigation of the circumstances
attending the occurreuee adjourned to a future day.

CORRE3PONDENCE FR9M PARIS.

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)
PARIS, Tuesday Evening.

Although some of the fabrications from tome
and Florence would make it appear that the Gari-
baldians are proceeding successfully, yet I find,
from a careful analysis of accounts emanating from
respectable resources, that the insurrectionist bands
who had established themselves in . the small town
of Bagnorea, in the province of Viterbo, have been
driven from their position by the Pontifical Zouaves,
who completely routed them after an engagement
which lasted two hours. There was no sympathy
with the insurgents on the part of the inhabitants
of Bagnorea ; on the contrary, they received the
Pontifical troops with acclamations, and fraternised
with them. Seventy or eighty Garibaldians were
either killed or wounded, and 110 were made pri-
soners by the Zouaves, who bad but four men
wounded. The number of the Garibaldians was
about 500.

It now appears that Garibaldi has really been
arrested a second time and conducted to Caprera.
He, however, contrived to issue a proclamation of a
violent character, in -which he calls upon the insur-
gents to " finish the redemption of Rome by all
possible means," but telling them at the same time,
in not very obscure terms, that he does not wish to
bo mixed up in the business himself, but if they
want him he presumes or reckons that they will
come and deliver him. Garibaldi, having lighted
up the torch of incendiarism,will be very contented
to remain at a distance while Rome is burning, and,
like Bombastes Furioso, having despatched his
emissaries to do the dangerous work, he says to
them—

Whilst I, your gallant leader, will stay till you come back.
The state of things, as I gather from the latest
despatches and private letters, is :—lii addition to
the band of 250 insurgents which appeared a
Acquapendente, several other bands have shown
themselves at San Lorenzo, Pianale, and Bag-
norea. The latter, however, as above stated, were
speedily routed by the Pontifical Zouaves. A
column of insurgents has entered by Sora the Nea-
politan frontier, in the Pontifical province of Fro-
sinone. Rome is in a very disturbed state, but
political agitation is somewhat neutralised by re-
newed alarm about cholera. The garrison bad re-
ceived orders not to leave the city. It is estimated
that no less than 5,000 persons have perished from
cholera in Rome. The National Roman Junta, in
giving its resignation, intimated to Garibaldi that
this melancholy fact alone was sufficient to prevent
them from promising him any assistance in his
proposed attempt. One remarkable circumstance
seems of itself calculated to contradict the
exaggerated reports of the extent of the in-
surrection. The Government has not deemed it
of consequence to call Parliament together imme-
diately, as it was supposed would be the case, and
the period at present fixed for its meeting is the 15th
of November. It is to be remarked that the insur-
gent bands, not very numerous, if they were all
actuated with the intention of " destroying the
monster," according to the expression of Garibaldi,
are not all Garibaldians. They do not seem, in-
deed, to have any specific object. It may probably
be brigandage. At all events, the inhabitants of the
communes through which they pass seem alarmed at
them and disposed to fly from them rather than to
augment their ranks. The Pontifical troops, on the
contrary, are received like brothers, and express
satisfaction that they have come to deliver them
from the agitators. In many places the peasantry
have made offers to the Government to assist in
expelling the Garibaldians.

The King and Queen of Prussia, coming from
Sigmaringen, have arrived at Nuremberg. On
their passage through Augsburg their Majesties
were received by the King of Bavaria.
Queen Christina, the mother of the Queen of
Spain, who returned to Madrid a few days ago, is
now at the country palace of Aranjuez, where her
Majesty intends to reside for some time.
A sturgeon, " very like a whale," in regard to
the unusual length of its specks, has been taken in
the river Marne, where, as history records, an
enormous turbot was captured in the reign of
Tiberius. The fisherme❑ of Meaux have sold this
sturgeon, which is 7 feet long, to the aquarium, at
Montmartre, where it may now be seen alive.

The church of Auffay, near Dieppe, has been
nearly destroyed by lightning, the electric fluid
having communicated to the wood work of thespire.
It was nearly eleven o'clock at night when the
calamity became known, and the firemen and
many of the inhabitants hastened to give assistance.
All that they could do, however, was to prevent
the neighbouring houses from catching fire. The
spire gave way about two o'clock in the morning.
The two bells, ono of which weighed about 5,0001b5.,
were completely melted. The clock was also de-
stroyed. The church was insured for 300,000 fr.
The damage done is estimated at about £4,000
sterling.

A sanguinary quarrel took place on Friday last
at Havre, between three sailors named Deblin,
Martin, and Christopher, belonging to the American
ship John Clark. They were drinking together at
an inn, and during the dispute which arose Deblin
seized a knife and threatened Martin with it.
Christopher courageously interfered to defend him,
when Deblin inflicted a serious and it is feared a
mortal wound in his stomach. Deblin, who is a
young Irishman of 24, has been arrested.
The German brigands are taking advantage of
the Garibaldian excitement to renew their audacious
depredations. The chief of the Palma band a few
days ago sent a letter to Baron de Rosis de Rossano
ordering him to send them 500 ducats, and threat-
ening, in case of refusal, to murder him and destroy
his property. The Baron treated the letter with
contempt, but Palma is not the man to be repulsed,
and a few days after the letter was sent he and his
band presented themselves at the Baron's estate of
Foresta. They ordered the peasants to bring some
straw, and after closing the blinds they set the
chateau on fire, telling the Baron's steward to send
him notice of what had taken place. The fire was
extinguished, but not before damage was done to
the amount of 30,000 f. After setting fire to this
chateau the brigands proceeded to a farm belonging
to M. Pietro Palapoli, at Olevellaro, when they
ordered the shepherd to bring out the oxen, and
they wantonly shot 15.
Soon after three o'clock this morning thunder was
heard occasionally, the wind was particularly
violent, and rain was abundant. Shortly before
mid-day there was another storm of thunder and
lightning, accompanied by very large hailstones and
slight snow. Then came the rain again in a deluge,
and during the afternoon we had a variety of
weather from which to take our choice—sickly-
looking sunshine, hail, rain, and wind, in sudden
and tremeudJus gusts. The weather is of such
peculiar character as to form a general and inte-
resting subject of remark.
The cold weather is beginning to make the
fortune of the theatres. The popular play, the
"Grand Duchess of Gcrolstein," reached its 150th
representation on Saturday at the Varietes. The
average nightly receipts at the last 15 perform-
ances was 5,233 f.

Monseigneur Levigerie, Archbishop of Algiers,
has returned to his diocese. During his voyage the
Hernias, which conveyed him, was assailed with
a terrific storm near Minorca, and the vessel was
in great danger. Ou lauding the Archbishop and
clergy repaired to the church, where 7'e. Demon
was chaunted fervently.

The Court of the L(!athersellers' Company on the
2d inst. olec.ed the Roy. Thos.Brainley,M.A., of Queen's
College, Oxford, to the head-mastership of the &v. Abra-
ham Colfo's Grammar School, Lewisham. Mr. Bramley
took a first class moderation, 1856, and has lately as pro
tem. head master of Giggloswick School succeeded in re-
establishing that school in character and numbers.
ENGLISH JEWELLERY.—Referring to the remarks
of our special correspondent at the Paris Exhibition, re-
specting the untrustworthy character of the gold employed
generally by English jewellers, Mr. Edwin W. Streeter
(Hancock, Burbrook, and Co.) has for some ti►no marked
upon his goods the particular quality of the gold, and pur-
chasers may always protect themselves by requiring the
quality of the metal to bo stated on the invoices.—Vide
Times, Sept. 17, 1867.

LA TEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

AMERICA.
(I3y Atlantic Telegraph.)
NEW Yonx, Oct. 8, 6 p.m.
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.

Closing Prices.—Gold, 1411; Sterling Exchange
on London, 1091 ; 5-20 United States Bonds, 1121 ;
Illinois, 1221 ; Erie, 69 ; Cotton, middling up-
land, 20.

PHILADELPHIA, Oct. 8,
Standard White Petroleum, 3G.
Arrived in London at 10.22 a.m., Oct. 0.

HUNGARY.

PESTII, Oct. 8, Evening.

In to-day's sitting of the Lower House of the
Hungarian Diet the railway committee proposed
to the House to sanction the railway loan.
FIUME, Oct. 8.

The Croatian flag was hoisted yesterday upon
the Government buildings in this town by a Croatian
official in the absence of the GoYernore

AUSTRIA.

VIENNA, OCt. 9.

Yesterday evening the Municipal Council of
Vienna determined to present to the Emperor an
address protesting against the address of the Aus-
trian Catholic Bishops, which deprecated any mo-
dification of the Concordat,

AUSTRIA AND HUNGARY.
VIENNA, Oct. 8 (Evening).

In to-day's sitting of the Lower House of the
Austrian Reichsrath, after the report of the Con-
ference of the Austrian and Hungarian delegates
had been brought in, Baron von Beust presented to
the House the bill relative to the amount to be
contributed by Hungary to the general expedition
and interest on the Public Debt of the empire, and
also the Treaty of Commerce between Austria and
Hungary.