The Sun.
London, England, 1858-12-27 00:00:00

AMERICA.

LIVERPOOL, SATURDAY NIGHT.
The Royal mail steamship Europa arrived about
midnight with the New York mails of the 14th,
Boston of the 15th, Halifax of the 17th, and, tele-
graphic advices from the port first named to the
17th also.
She has brought 79,503 dols. on freight.
The Persia arrived at New York on the 12th,
after one of the most boisterous trips she had ever

experienced.
The steamship City of Washington, hence, passed
Cape Race on the 7th, bound for New York.
The Arabia reached Halifax on the 16th.
In the Senate on the 13th Mr. Clingman (of
North Carolina) offered the following preamble and
resolution :
" Whereas, the President expresses himself in his
Message of 1857 and 1858, in relation to the Clay-
ton-Bulwer Treaty, as follows lam truly sorry
I cannot also inform you that the complications
between Great Britain and the United States, aris-
ing out of the Clayton'and Bulwer Treaty of April,
1850, have been. finally adjusted. At the com-
mencement of your last session I had reason to hope
that, emancipating themselves from further una-
vailing discussions, the two Governments would
proceed to settle the Central American question in
a practical way, alike honourable and satisfactory
to both, and this hope I have not yet abandoned.
In my last annual Message I stated that overtures
had been 'made by the British Government for this
purpose, in a friendly spirit, which I cordially re-
ciprocated. Their proposal was to withdraw these
questions from direct negotiations between the two
Governments, but to accomplish the same object by
negotiation between the British Government and
each of the Central American republics whose ter-
ritorial interests are immediately involved. The
settlement was to be made in accordance with the
general interpretation placed upon the Clayton and
Bulwer Treaty by the United States, with certain
modifications. As negotiations are "still pending
upon this basis it would not be proper for me now
to communicate their present condition A final
settlement of these questions is greatly to be desired,
as this would wipe out the last remaining subject
of dispute between the two countries.' And,
whereas said treaty
.contains stipulations in direct
hostility to the cherished policy and future welfare
of the United States, and calculated to operate
adversely to the independent action of this Republic
in the line of duty which may become imperative
to adopt in regulating and controlling the
affairs of the Central American States, and that
consequently the abrogation of said treaty is
demanded alike by the honour and interests
of the Union; therefore—Resolved--That
the President be requested to communicate
any correspondence with Great Britain and Nica-
ragua with.respect to the termination or preserva-
tion of the treaty."
Mr. Clingman spoke at length, but the resolution
was laid over while negotiations are pending. On
the 14th various memorials were presented, the
only one of public interest being that of J. Horsford
Smith, asking to be allowed to import iron steam-
ships, duty free, for his Nesw York coasting lines.
It was referred to the Committee on Finance.
The Foreign Affairs Committee of the House of
Representatives had unanimously agreed on a re-
solution of inquiry relative to the recent visit of
British officers to the steamer 'Washington.
A telegram from New Orleans, dated the 13th,
says :--
"The bark Oregon arrived here to-day, having
on board Lieutenant White, of the cutter McLel-
land, who was taken to sea by the Filibuster Susan.
Lieutenant White reports that he left the Susan
250 miles out, bound for Greytown. Her com-
mander, Maury, put the lieutenant on board the
Oregon last Thursday. White says when he found
the Susan under way he ordered her to anchor, but
his orders were not heeded."
The journals to hand by this arrival are full of
indignant remarks about the boarding of the Wash-
ington steamer by British officers at San Juan. The
fact that Sir W. G. Ouseley was in the neighbour-
hood at the time, and must have cognisance of the
transaction, added much to the bitter feeling which
prevailed. The Washington Union, referring to the
subject, says :
"It is to be hoped that our own naval vessels
may yet succed in intercepting the fugitive Susan,
bringing her back to our ports, and preserving
this Filibuster - question still longer as a purely
domestic one in our policy. Upon the vigilance,of
our officers in the waters of the Gulf may depend
in a great measure the peace of the world.'
A correspondent of the New York Tribune writes
from Lake Nicaragua, on the 23d of Nevember, as
follows. His statement will of course be received.
with great suspicion :
" The small steamer Catharine Maria was soon
ready, and, taking the agents of the companies
interested in the transit, and such passengers from
San Juan del Norte as were known in the interior,
and your correspondent, we left just at night for
the ports on the Lake. After proceeding some
miles up the river, the steamer, which draws much
more water than she should for this navigation,
struck a sandbar, and it was found impossible to
proceed in her. We were obliged to return to San
Juan, and, going outside the harbour, made for the
Calerado.branch of the San Juan. The night was
dark, with rain and a heavy swell ; it was a good
deal like going to sea in a bowl, and it was nearly
daylight before we passed the bar and found our-
selves on the river. I should have mentioned
earlier that we left the Valorous at San Juan with
Sir George Ouseley and family on board, and that
the other English steamers had gone to sea almost
upon the arrival of the Washington. As we passed
the bar of the Colorado we saw in the dim morning
a large steamer, apparently bound for San Juan.
We immediately concluded it was the Commodore,
in the Roanoke, then expected, but after we had
got a few miles in the river, stopping to regulate
some of our machinery, we saw men-of-war boats in
haste rowing up the river to overtake us. Thinking
them the boats of the Roanoke, we prepared our
mouths for a good laugh at our countrymen for
mistaking our little craft, with 20 people on
board, for a Filibuster, when, to our surprise,
they hoisted the cross of St. George, and the
first boat coming near us, we were hailed
by the English captain of the Leopard. He
had seen his mistake ; he had a cheerful smile
on his face and wished us " Good morning."
They were pulling up the river "to shoot," and see
what it was like,—would take news (or us, &c. As
we had said our last farewell in Greytown, we did
not write any letters, but looked with wonder at
the captain of an English frigate, in a large boat,
full of men, supplied with water and provisions,
and armed with muskets and cutlasses, followed by
two larger boats crowded with armed marines, row-
ing up the Colorado on a hot rainy day, taking ob-
servations and shooting alligators and turkey-
buzzards.
A correspondent of the New York Times, writing
on the 23d of December, states that Flag-officer
M'lntosh, of the Roanoke, on his arrival at San
Juan,
Addressed a temperate, but firm, decided, and
well written letter to Sir ir. C. Aldham, the cap-
tain of the Valorous, calling him strictly to account
for such an unwarrantable proceeding, as well as
the gross departure from the recent assurances and
understanding between their respective Govern-
' ments upon the subject of the right of visiting or
searching vessels bearing the flag of our nation ;
and stating, in the strongest terms, that if such
' visits' were renewed it would assuredly bring the
vessels of the United States' home squadron and
those of her Britannic Majesty on this station into
collision, for he (M'lntosh) would not allow such
belligerent proceedings on the part of her Britan-
nic Majesty's vessels ; and that if the peace of the
two countries was thus jeopardised it would be
entirely owing to the persistance of British officers
in endeaveuring to enforce this British 'right of
search' or ' visit' on vessels sailing under our flag,
after repeated warnings had been given that it
would be resisted and promptly met by our Govern-
ment ; and, further, that his instructions were per-
emptory that it should not be permitted under any
circumstances. He (M'lntosh) and the United States
vessels were there alone to examine into and decide
fl
upon the character of vessels sailing under oursg,
apd entering the ports of this country; and
that
the visit' or search' of our vessels by British
officers, should it again occur, would be resisted
by him at every hazard with the force_ under his
command. I understand that a reply from Capain
Aldham to Flag-officer M'lntosh's communication
was sent on board the Roanoake early on the morn-
ing of the 29th ult., and that Capt. Aldham therein
claimed the right to visit our merchant vessels and
institute an examination into their character, upon
the old and oft-disputed grounds that the coast and
harbours of the Mosquito kingdom were under the
protection of Great Britain. -You are well aware
that under the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty that preten-
sion was thought to be entirely exploded; yet it
now appears that the British Government clings
to its protectorate over the Mosquito coast, not-
withstanding its treaty obligations with the United
States not to assume' or exercise any dominion'
over that or any other part of Central America,
which, of course, includes the Mosquito coast. The
afternoon of the same day (29th) Flag-officer
M'lntosh's secretary, Mr% Zantzniger, visited the
Valorous, bearing the second communication for
Capt. Aldham, and remained on board that vessel a
considerable length of time. Mr. Zantzniger did not
come on shore, and I therefore did not see him ; but I
learnt from an officer of the SaTannah that 31r.