The Sun.
London, England, 1867-07-06 00:00:00

Miscellaneous Foreign News.

(From Correspondents of the Anylo-American Times.)
Pais, July 3.

It was the custom amongst the ancients to pre-
serve the souvenir of days which they considered
fortunate or otherwise by placing in an urn or vase
a black or white pebble, as the case might be.
Were this custom followed at Paris the week com-
mencing on the 30th of June would witness a suc-
cession of the latter, and that, too, of no ordinary size ;
the Dimanche is beyond altother days of the week the
Parisian holiday; it is only on that day that the great
mass of the working classes, male and female, though
devoting even then a few hours to labour, find time
in the remaining part of the day to indemnify them-
selves for the toils and privations of the past week,
and, like butterflies emerging from their chrysalis,
come forth to contribute to the ensemble of the at-
tractions and brilliancy of the great capital. The
soldier who has hoarded for the past week his scanty
pocket money, the grisette who has toiled in her
little garret at the pearl-trimming, paid for at
something like the rate of three-halfpence per yard
(note this, fair dames of France and England, who
pay so much for your thickly-broidered cloaks and
mantles), the oucrier who devotes to his family on
that occasion his few hours of leisure, and fre-
quently at the same time a considerable portion of
his weekly earnings, crowd alike the inexpensive
places of public amusement, which no city in the
world like Paris can offer to its inhabitants.
Taneor et Circenses, said the old Roman, and in like
manner a cake, a glass of lemonade, the Jardin des
Plantes, or the various balls, to which all dames
enjoy the privilege of a free admission, console the
elastic-spirited Parisians for all the toils and
troubles of every-day lifs. On the occasion of the
30th the weather, which had for a few days been cold
and changeable, settled down, as if in compliment to
the a itglist visitors, into a soft and brilliant summerday
worthy theclimate, and Paz is poured forth her myriads
to catch a glimpse of the monarch hitherto pre-
sented to their ideas only through the medium of
romance. Never was so great a concourse of car-
riages and vehicles of every description ; never was
so great a crowd of 'topple. If you mounted on an
omnibus at the Batignolles to pass by the Jardin
des Plantes, you had to get round by the Arc de
l'Etoile. At the corner of almost every street was
to be seen a mounted gendarme assisted by one or
two sergents de ville, inflexibly barring the passage
and indicating another route, and the huge vehicles
lumbered about, seeking their way in all directions
like a number of whales accidentally entered into
shoal water, the drivers exchanging shouts of re-
cognition in the style of shipwrecked mariners
meeting each other in a strange country. At ono
moment would defile along the street a regiment of
cavalry, with one or two general officers at their
head ; at another, the way would be barred by a
detachment of the Cent Garde, the finest soldiers
of France, who constitute the Emperor's Life
Guards, and whose uniform is the richest and most
picturesque I have ever seen. They resemble rather
the Preux chevaliers of the olden time than the sol-
diers of our present every-day world, realising fully
the beautifully graphic portrait drawn by the magic
hand of Scott in " Quentin Durward." At the
Place de la Concorde, and along the Boulevards of
the Seine, with the panorama of its ever-varying
scenery, the coup d'ceil may be better imagined than
described, especially when the vast additional influx
derived from the vicinity of- the Exposition is re-
membered. The Sultan arrived at the Lyons Rail-
way Station at 4 o'clock p.m., and was received by
the Emperor and his Staff with the same mili-
tary honours which were paid to the Czar
and the King of Prussia, passing through long
lines of cavalry and infantry to the Palace of the
Tuileries, and from thence, after having saluted the
Empress, to the Palace of the Elysees, destined for
his reception, where a battalion of the Turcos are
placed on duty. Partly front natural, and partly
from factitious causes, the Exposition of 1867 has
been a complete success from the commencement,
not only in regard to the promotion of the objects
aimed at in its establishment, but also in a financial
point of view. The programme of the Exposition
has been drawn out on a more extensive scale and
in a more comprehensive spirit than that of any
Exposition which has hitherto preceded it in France
or elsewhere. It has been outlined by a master
hand, which I believe to be not only ostensibly but
in reality that of the Emperor himself. Napoleon
111. is not only a great monarch, but a great man.
Like Napoleon I. he has attained his eminence by
the aid of his own innate genius, and a comparison
between the present emperor and the mighty con-
queror who first fouuded the Napoleonic dynasty
would, in my opinion, by no means tend to the dis-
advantage of the former. Each has created a
dynasty. Which will be the most lasting, which
the most beneficial to posterity ? In the art of war
the genius of the first Napoleon finds scarcely its
equal in ancient fir less in modern times. May we
not say as much in favour of Napoleon 111. as re-
gards the blessings of peace? We have as many
examples in favour of a belief in hereditary genius
as of the contrary ; and though the son of the great
Protee'or of England—Cromwell—thought fit
to
retire into private life, who shall dare say that he
did not under the circumstances I •
choose his oater
part ? But I am digressing front my subject,
viz., the success of the Exposition of 1867. It
has been ably delineated, as ably carried out,
the indirect influence it has excited upon European
policy, and the visits and patronage it has
received from all the sovereigns of the world have
given an additional impetus to its success ; and it
now only remains by according from time to time
a free admission to all classes to close its brilliant
course upon the same grand scale, in which it has
been commenced, and conducted to the present
period. Let not the people be forgotten, for the
smallest unit of a great nation's population has a
share in that nation's property and wellbeing ; and
Rossini did well when he dedicated his grand
choral hymn sung on Monday last, not only to
Napoleon 111., but to his valiant people. Mais
revenons a nos moutons. I have spoken of the Sun-

day ; let me now say that Monday, the Ist of July,
shone forth with equal brilliancy, and in the words
of the old song—

Oh ! when did morning ever break
And find such sparkling eyes awake
As those that sparkled hero.
All Paris was on foot at an early hour ; heavy
were the cares of costume on the fair dames who
were fortunate enough to be of the number of the
invites at the grand ceremony of the distribution,
and great the disappointment of others for whom
no amount of money could procure the much-
coveted admission. Along the streets which
formed the routes to be taken respectively by the
Emperor and his guest—the one from the Palace of
the Tuileries, the other frotn that of the Elysee
might be seen pickets composed of mounted gend-
armes, the infantry of the Municipal Guard, and
the ever-present sergents de ville, interdicting the
passage of all vehicles, whilst somewhat later
arrived regiment after regiment of the infantry of
the line forming a double hedge of bayonets along
the whole line of route. From a very early
period an immense crowd had assembled.' in
the Champs Elysees, in the neighbourhood
of the Palais d'lndustrie, various entrances
to which had been arranged with that
military order and precision which so especially
characterises all public events in Paris ; the doors
were thrown open for admission at eleven o'clock,
at which time the National Guard marched up some
3,000 strong, and formed a parallelogram in front
of the building, one side being represented by the
Palace itself ; the broad square space in front of
the principal entrance being thus kept perfectly
free. At two o'clock punctually the drums of all
the various regiments on duty at the Champs
Elysees, beating sur champs, announced the arrival
of the Emperor and Empress with their Court.
The escort was comprised of squadrons of the Red
and Blue Lancers, and a detachment of the Cent
Garde, the carriage in which were the Emperor,
Empress, and Prince Imperial being drawn by
eight magnificent bays. The royal family appeared
in excellent health, and were received with loud and
reiterated acclamations. Next came the cortege of
the illustrious visitor, the descendant of all the
Caliphs, and the Prince of the True Believers. As
in the case of the Emperor, the magnificent State
carriage of the Sultan was drawn by eight splendid
bays, and contained the Sultan himself, his two
nephews, and his son. The Padishah appeared
greatly pleased with the cordial reception awarded
him by the assembled multitude, bowing and waving
his hand continually in response. Ilis highness
was dressed in plain dark uniform, consisting of
frock and trousers of the European fashion, sur-
mounted only by his orders. The Sultan, Abdul Aziz
Khan, who has a very pleasant and manly coun-
tenance, and wears a short black board, is some-
what about the middle height, slightly inclining to
enzbonpoint, his face expressing anything rather than
the sensuality and indolence ordinarily attributable
to Orientals. At this period the immense extent
of the Champs Elysees was literally filled with
people, mounted, in order to catch a glimpse of the
procession on every description of movable, the short
folding ladders used by the painters being especially in
request. Much amusement was created at this time
amongst the crowd by the appearance of a gigantic
Arab, of the suite of the Viceroy of Egypt, who,
clad in his long white burnous and turban of the
same colour, was forcing his way, dragging after
him another Arab soldier and less powerful than
himself, his white teeth glistening and his dark eyes
sparkling with delight, as he was hustled about by
sundry French Houris, whom he had incommoded
in his unceremonious transit, and whose vociferous
exclamations he doubtless took to be national com-
pliments. Turn we now to the interior of the
Palace, with its densely-packed assembly, which has
for an hour past been waiting the arrival of the
Sovereigns, under a cupola blistered by the rays of
a glowing sun, and where the Viceroy of Egypt
probably finds himself in his element. The decora-
tions of the Palace rather disappoint, though this is
again made up by the brilliant assemblage within.
The splendid dresses and decorations, the magnifi-
cent Hungarian uniforms, the costumes of the East,
the rich civic dresses of my Lord Mayor and Alder-
men, the Counts and crosses, which give the amphi-
theatre the appearance of a gigantic flower parterre.
0.1 tie entry of the Sovereigns the orchestra plays
the " Iphigenie eu Aulitle," by Gluck, and the
" Chant du Soir," of Felicien David ; after which
the Minister of State reads indistinctly his report,
which is followed by a clear and talented address
from the Emperor analysing
xopfo s
theitti o ntse;n
groupsand, in conclusion,adva nce
wthe
h
the aims and advan-
RtatgTerseosefnt.sluttEs
at
against the
music play iug and banners displayed, to receive the
recompences, the orchestra plays selections from
plaisints tiTieheuePgrleeesst
the " Muelle" and " Judas Maccahmus" of Handel,
aandre loudthe girue a tt h e
their
ceremonycomplaints
manifested towards them both by the Imperial Com-
mission and the Minister of the Interior, an example
which has, I regret to say, been followed by the
Committee of the American Fete, who,
under pre-
tence of suspending the free list for the present
year, have thus virtually excluded the Fourth
Estate from noticing their affairs.

On Monday the Emperor received the Lord
Mayor of London, who, accompanied by several
Aldermen, Sheriffs, Sub-Sheriffs, and members of
the Municipal Council, formed a deputation for the
purpose of presenting to his Majesty an address of
congratulation on his escape from the late attempt
at assassination, as well as upon the success of the
Universal Exposition. His Lordship and suite
afterwards attended the ceremony of presentation
at the Palais

The International Regattas commence on the
7th, and will be continued up to the 14th. The
Regattas will take place under the patronage of the
Emperor and the Duke of Edinburgh.
A great treat was afforded to the lovers of music
on Sunday last at the Pre Catalan, on the occasion
of the fête given annually by the Garde Imperiale.
The Bands engaged, by special permission of the
Emperor for the olcasion, being those of the Ist,
2d, 3d, and 4th Voltigeurs ; that of the Guides,
conducted by M. Cressounvis, and Musique of the
Chasseurs two divisions.

On Wednesday a Grand Military Review took
place at Longchamps, on the same scale as that
lately offered to the Czar.

Thursday was devoted to a Grand Diplomatic
Dinner, with a Gala Soiree at the opera, the piece
selected being " Don Juan." To-day a grand ball
will take place at the hotel de Ville ; and on
Monday next a grand ball at the Tuileries, as a
parting compliment.

The Sultan will leave France on Tuesday next.
.1 intended to finish my letter this morning by
endeavouring to describe the magnificent dress and
decorations worn by the Empress, who looked more
royally beautiful than ever. Ilad not the Goddess
of Fashion, who appeared to me somehow during
last night, threatened me, if I persisted, not to make
me more unfashionable than I was—for that she
said would be impossible—and, on the contrary, to
punish me in the opposite extreme, the goddess
evidently knew my weak point, and I caved in. To
atone, however, for my dereliction, I will mention
an incident which, in my opinion, is more in tone
and harmony with the peace and goodwill tenour of
the Great Exposition than all the pomp and vivid
colouring with which its representation was at the
moment. surrounded —a touch of pure nature and
domestic affection. The incident is as follows :
The Prince Imperial, who is one of the dearest little
fellows in the world, apparently from ten to twelve
years of age (I do not for the moment know ex-
actly), dressed in spotless white trousers, dark cloth
jacket and vest, with a perfectly cherub counte-
nance, beaming forth from beneath his neatly parted
hair, is, as every one knows, the Honorary President
ionf
thatthe
capacity
distributor
Commission of t h o
n f the Exposition,recolilpe
11caensd.
Amongst the successful exhibitors was the Emperor
himself, who in Group 10 had gained a gold medal
for the model cottages and houses for workmen
which he had exhibited. As he approached in turn
to receive the prize, the son became too powerful
for the President, and he sprang into his father's
arms. Both father and son won golden opinions
at that instant, and even I myself felt almost in-
clined to forgive the Imperial commission the three
francs which I considered I had been unhandsomely
done out of on the occasion. The little man—God

bless him !—will leave shortly for Bagneres de
Luchon to recruit himself at the baths after the
fatigue and excitement of the past week. Long
may he be spared to follow and support his august
father in the noble path he has marked out for Lim,
and many and many a time may the pleasant me-
mory come o'er him of the day and hour which
marked with a white stone his young presidency
of the memorable Ist of July, 1867. The re-
port of the Imperial Commission, after speaking
of the difficulties with which it has had to
contend, proceeds to explain and justify the
principles upon which the present Exposition has
been conducted, as well as the deviation from
the plans formerly adopted, acknowledging the
valuable aid and assistance received by them from
the eminent men selected as deputations by othar
countries, and gracefully recognising, at the sane
time the share of the working classes in the honours
of their success. It then enumerates the number of
recompeuces, viz. :

64 First prizes.
883 Gold medals.
2,653 Silver medals.
6,565 Bronze medals.
5,804 Honourable mentions.

The report then goes on to speak of the univer-
sality of the Exposition articles, especially the
eclat given to it by the United States, and makes
honourable and especial mention of those coun-
tries whose Sovereigns have been desirous not
only of transmitting to the Champ de Mars not
only samples of their products and fabrics, but
have even been desirous of exhibiting their monu-
ments,
alludes
t o
t ht
e esta-
blishing the new additional order of recompences,
hierobjec dwellings,
in
vie by the Commission in esta-
and their domestic life ;
and concludes by suggesting the probable effects
of the Exposition in inducing the nations of the
world to search for the true principle of progress.
It is impossible to give in my present correspon-
dence a list of all the successful candidates, but our
American friends will be pleased to learn that 260
medals and other recompences have fallen to the lot
of their compatriots. Great Britain has also
worthily sustained her reputation, especially as re-
gards the fabrication of steel cutlery, machinery,
arms, &c. As regards the fine arts, the prizes have
fallen chiefly to France, whose name is equally
paramount in Groups No. 2,3, and 4. In Group
No. 6 appear the names of Cyrus Field and Mr.
Hughes, of New York, both in relation to the At-
lantic Cable. Of Group No. 7 Great Britain takes
the largest proportion. Group No. 8, the cultiva-
tion and protection of the vine, naturally belongs
to France. In Group No. 9 the Emperor of Russia
receives the only prize, in consequence of his im-
provement in the breed of horses ; whilst in
Group No. 10 appear the names of the Empe-
ror of France and those of the Sanitary
Commission of the United States. As regards
extraordinary recompences, I may mention the
names of the following American firms :--Whit-
worth, Boston, Bronze Medal for Stove ; Baker,
Boston, Silver Medal for Chocolate ; Chickering,
Springfields, Massachusetts, for pianos, first Gold
Medal and Cross of the Legion ; T. Gaud and D.
C. Merricun, from the same neighbourhood, Bronze
Medal for a splendid copy of Webster's Dictionary.
Although I fear I have this week far outstepped
my limits, I cannot conclude without noticing a
hot-air engine, the invention of Philander Shaw,
Boston, Massachusetts, which has obtained a silver
medal. This is the first machine of the kind that
has proved a real success, experience and testing
having proved that it can be worked at a quarter
the cost of any other engine at present known.
I present, in conclusion, my apologies to the
numerous friends whose prizes and honourable
medals my present limits has prevented me from
noticing.

Mr. Krupp's Prussian cannon at the Exposition
is doubtless a very large field-piece. I am told
that some people can sit in it, and even feel coin-
fortable there, which is a thing I cannot account
for, having once only looked in it telescope fashion,
and to my horror found the objective to be a male
physiognomy with moustachios and whiskers all
peering in through the further end. Comfort is
certainly like happiness, relative, but there is no
doubt about the said Prussian cannon not being
the greatest gun of 1867. The very biggest is
Sultan Abdul-Aziz.
The Czar was certainly a vast sensation, and he
was greeted with unexpected enthusiasm. The
King of Prussia was kindly welcomed, and
Bismarck more than sufficiently lionised ; but some-
thing more than welcome animated the French
populace last Sunday, when all in holiday clothes
gathered together in one uninterrupted column
from the railway station to the Elysee
Napoleon. The cortege Was a lovely sight
under our bright July sun and blae sky,
as lovely as the glitter of swords, helmets, and
clashing weapons ever must bd to the warlike chil-
dren of France, but waving pennons, prancing
steeds, and clear trumpet calls were not half so
inspiring as uncontrolled curiosity. Some of the
rumours afloat were absurd—one especially, that
the Sultan had brought a few quart bottles of Nile
water with him for his bath before dinner. Where
were his three hundred wives to be located, the
Elysee being so dos) to Mabille ? Some of the
scraps of conversation in the crowd, while people
were patiently waiting, would amuse the most per-
severing cultivator of dry Greek and Latin roots,
but one query alone shall be recorded here. ti
Ave
have had a little of everything," said a thinker to
his unsuspecting
neighbour; "paellas, tycoons,
sovereigns, princes, dukes, viceroys, vice-admirals,
prime By the way, a strange idea strikes me.
IVlry should admirals be preceded by vice, while
ministers, who are often wicked, are called cardinals,
just like virtues. Readers, I had to walk farther
on. I did not hear the answer, but the atmosphere
suddenly seemed oppressive near the inquirer. If
any of you should ever be in a crowd with a Sultan
on the horizon, and a deep thinker quite close to
your elbow, the best thing you have to do, if you
are on the Place de la Concorde, as I was, is to look
up at the obelisk, or you will not maintain your
perpendicular.
But I proceed. The report has been contra-
dicted ; the Sultan has not the usual twelve hun-
dred wives which each of his predecessors took pride
in : in one word, he has "licensed the harem,"
which, in the East, probably means the same thing
as the prorogation of Parli4ment in our country.
If the East really should be near its ruin, there-
fore, it is a consolation for womankind to kow
that it is not so much because there are too manny
women as because there arc too few men.
But to return to the Place de la Concorde. When
the Sultan did pass, I observed that the expression
of his countenance is apathetic. He wore the order
of the Legion of Honour over a plain cloth uni-
form, worked with gold on the collar and cuffs.
The Emperor sat on his left, and the contrast was
great between the courteous bow to the cheers, and
the Oriental upraised salute of the Sultan's right
hand to the people. lle did not once incline his
head, but he now and then nodded with a jerk
which lacked dignity. The members of his
retinue are covered with gold work and precious
stones. They showed their unfeigned delight
while looking out right and left of their gala
equipages. But the grandest sight was the bevy
of Court ladies at the Palais de l'lndustrie on Mon-
day. They were seatel facing the throne in the
richest attire. White and diamonds predominated.
Some of the head-dresses were painfully suggestive
of unmitigated empire. The Einpresa was in a
cloud of white, under pearls and diamonds that did
not look 'Janke dew.

Each group was...
presented to the Imperial party
by its representative leader, and the following were
-the observations I made as each in turn advanced.
After M. Rouher's speech, which was very re-
markable, of course, but inaudible, and which was
followed by the Emperor's address in his usual clear,
concise voice, there was a rush of people who posi-
tively left their seats to approach the throne, and
some agitation arose among the police. " Down,
down," was shouted, and order ensued, but this
was disrespect, and should never have taken place.
M. de Nieuwerkerke was much admired at the
head of the fine arts section. He bowed gracefully
to the Sovereigns as he neared the throne.
Mr. 6ecchi, the inventor of the meteorography,

was much applauded. I have already described
his invention in the columns of the Franco.
M. de Lesseps was honoured by a cordial shake of
the hand from the Emperor when lie approached
on acclamations at the mention of the canal of Suez.
The little prince gave the Emperor the ensigns
which the latter has won for his workman's home—
a cottage of Napoleon lll.'s own designing and
practical contrivance.

One very unmistakable sign of Parisian actual
unmannerly behaviour in public is that many who
advanced to the foot of the throne for their prizes
bowed to the Emperor, but quite forgot to do so to
the Empress.

The return of the cortege to the Tuileries was a
COM pie' e ovation.

Two large balls are to be given during the Sul-
tan's stay in Paris, which it will be my duty to
attend and describe.

A terrible fire broke out in Philadelphia at the
American Varieties Theatre on Wednesday, June 19.
The " demon dance" was about to be performed,
when some excitement occurred among the audience,
which was quieted from the stage, and the dance
proceeded. But the cry of " Fire" was loudly raised,
and led to the :greatest consternation and a rush,
both from front and rear of the building. A crowd
gathered round to witness the scene, when a wall
fell, killing 13 men and women, besides injuring 30
others. It was in this theatre that the elephant
Columbus went mad and attacked the crowd, when
the troops were called out and artillery planted in
the street to protect the people. Subsequently a
fire occurred behind the scenes, when eleven ballet
girls were burnt to death and two fearfully injured.
The theatre was afterwards turned into a concert-
room, and a drunken ruffian there murdered his
mistress in one of the boxes.

The Philadelphia correspondent of the Times
gives the following account of the trial of the big
gun lately manufactured at Pittsburgh, which ap-
pears to have proved a great success :—" A 20-inch
gun, cast at Pittsburgh, was recently tested at Fort
Hamilton, New York harbour, and the experi-
mental firing showed that the United States
possessed a gun of enormous power, capable of
being fired with very heavy charges of powder, and
with a force that no armoured vessel can withstand.
As high as 2001 b. of powder were successfully used
in firing this gun, much to the astonishment of old
army officers, who feared that one-fourth that
charge would be too much for it. The force of a
solid projectile, weighing 1,0801 b., driven by a
charge of 2001 b. of powder, is almost incalculable.

The people of Colorado have been roused to a
state of great excitement by the Indian outrages.
Denver appears to be the centre, and the roads east
about 200 miles to the line of railways, and west
and north in the opposite direction to about the
same distance towards Salt Lake, are in the highest
degree unsafe. The lower or Smoky Hill s tage
route is perhaps the worst. Several mail vans have
been attacked, the drivers killed as well as the pas-
sengers, while others had to repel the assaults of the
Indians, and to fight their way through the hostile
bands. The stages by the last advices refused pas-
sengers, though they continued daily to make their
trips, accompanied by a dozen well-armed men.
The Indians do not appear anywhere in large
numbers, and the outrages as yet have been
perpetrated by small marauding parties, ever
on the watch along the road to take the whites at a
disadvantage, to cut off stragglers, and mercilessly
to kill any defenceless parties. At Central City
Governor Hunt had called for volunteers, and
several mounted companies will be equipped and
supplied. The following paragraph is from the
Central City Register of June 9 :—" Five thousand
dollars were offered in half an hour yesterday by
some of our business meg as bounty for scalps, to be
paid at the rate of twenty dollars for each scalp.
To avoid fraud it is proposed that the scalps shall be
fresh, and shall each have the ears on. Ten thou-
sand more could readily be raised in two hours for
the same purpose. If this policy were adopted
the war would he ended in six months, never
again to be reinaugurated." To the end of
the railway the road is safe, and the work pro-
gresses at the rate of two miles a day without
danger of being suspended. The engineers, how-
ever, with their choppers beyond the track near
the mountains are much exposed. General Sher-
man is blamed for not more vigorously using his
means against the headquarters of the offending
tribes. The atrocious cruelties committed by the
Indians rouse a fierce spirit of retaliation, which
has a savage influence on the white settlers. To
make the war really felt by the tribes it is neces-
sary, at any cost, to carry it to
.their own homes.
Any measures, however sharp and pitiless, will be
humane if they stop these constantly recurring
tragedies.

By way of a cheery piece of intelligence for
Congress, again about to meet, alarming reports are
current of sickness at Washington. Typhoid fever
as an epidemic is already prevalent. In one short
block thirty cases were reported on the 15th June.
Fever is general over the city and cholera confi-
dently expected. The municipal authorities take
no sanitary precautions, and the city, already in a
filthy state, is rapidly becoming worse.

. The Custom-house seems to have feared that
Americans, on their return from Europe, will be
importers on a large scale of wearing apparel with
a view to future requirements. A circular was
issued by an official concerning the process of exa-
mination their baggage would undergo on their
return. This dismayed, annoyed, and disgusted
the large number of travellers now either in Europe
or about to leave the States, and called from Mr.
Smythe, the collector of the port of New York a
corrective circular, containing these re-assuring
statements :—" The department has always shown
itself entirely opposed to the enforcement of any
rules or regulations in regard to the baggage of
passengers arriving in this country, which are op-
pressive. The term " wearing apparel in actual
use" will extend to the appropriate wardrobes of
the persons arriving in the United States, whether
new or old, provided the articles of wearing apparel
are not obviously excessive in quantity and quality,
but are befitting the apparent condition and station
in life of the owner. Care will be taken to select
for the duty of examining baggage officers of supe-
rior intelligence and judgment; and passengers will
not be subjected to any unnecessary annoyance."
The number of prominent AmericAns who will, to-
wards the close of the year, be subjected on their
return to the annoyance of Custom-house officials,
may have a happy effect in working a reform in the
rules of the department devoted to travellers.
Lewis D. Campbell, Minister to Mexico, has re-
signed, and there appears to be a difficulty in
securing a competent successor. General Steed-
man, Internal Revenue collector at New Orleans,
was offered but declined the post ; and after look-
ing about for a few days Mr. Marcus Otterbury
was nowinated. A rather disagreeable correspon-
dence appears to have arisen between Mr. Camp-
bell and the Foreign Office at Washington. Mr.
Seward insisted on the Minister proceeding from
New Orleans, where for months he had taken up his
residence, to the scene of his diplomatic labours,
which Mr. Campbell as sturdily resisted. Finally,
the question resolved itself into something similar
to that once settled by the Duke of Wellington,
when he laconically wrote to a military ()Ulcer who
persistently declined foreign service— " Sell or
sail." The ex-Minister seems to be about to appeal
to the public—at any rate, he writes as fillows:
" Ile declines stating what has transpired between
the State department and himself, but feels
assured the people will sustain him in the position
he has taken." The Springfield Republican is very
severe on Mr. Campbell, who for months has been
drawing his salary—sl2,ooo a-year—as Minister
to Mexico, while merely forwarding from New
Orleans Mexican despatches, any clerk of the
Associated Press could have done as well. " If
this position," says that journ, " is a seat in some
public conveyance that will carry him to home and
obscurity in Ohio, we can assure him of the most
cordial public support ; but if it is anything else
the people will take very little interest in his move-
ments, now that he has gone out, or been kicked
out, of the way of our having a representative in
Mexico. A poor stick, the wonder being that he
got the appointment, and the only excuse of the
State Department for not forcing him to reside in

Mexico to act as Minister is that he would have been
worse than nobody."

The trial of Surratt is going hard against the
prisoner. So confident did his counsel appear, and
so calm and untroubled was the alleged criminal, so
apparently eager to hasten the trial, that the public
were not prepared for the strength of the evidence
against him. It had been generally accepted that
he was absent from Washington at the time of the
assassination. His flight from the capital had never
been traced, and those who were convinced of his
complicity attributed his absence to a dastar€lly
character, that planned murder, but shrank from
executing any portion of the scheme. It was
known that he would base his defence on proving
that ho was absent from Washington at the time
the crime was perpetrated. He was in Montreal on
the 12th of April, and he was there on the 18th of
April. It is believed that he left Canada on the
morning of the 12th, and reached Washington on
the day of the assassination. The severest cross-
examinations have failed to shake the testimony of
a witness who distinctly affirms to seeing him at the
theatre with Booth on the eve of the murder—that
he overheard a conversation between them relating,
to the crime, and that Surratt drew Booth's atten-
tion repeatedly to the hour, as told by a clock in the
neighbourhood. He was seen in many places in
Washington on the fatal 14th. He was at his
mother's house in consultation with her, and on his
way back to Canada he left a pocket-handkelchief
at 'the station of the Vermont Railroad at St.
Albans, which he passed in the night. Testimony
has also been given that in January, 1865, he
had been heard to say that he would give $l,OOO
to any one who would kill Lincoln.