The Sun.
London, England, 1858-05-13 00:00:00

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[PRIOR 4D. STAMPED V.

AFFAIRS OF MONTENEGRO.

sentiment
article i,lAie
tM:
_a on
moment
tmcpuee r of
an
ctewayhneedsnt yesterday
rhdeaer Powers,co nt
are
contains
e cautnhe followi
ng
a
com-
pleting and consolidating the work of the Treaty of
Piing, it is with great surprise that we perceive
Turkey taking up an attitude towards Montenegro
calculated to cause new embarrassments.
'7" The Ottoma Porte can neither appeal to in-
cdrilestable rights nor urgent necessities in entering
upon this course.
"'Two questions arise, the one whether the Porte
has rights of suzerainty over Montenegro, and the
other, whether certain districts occupied and ruled,
sometimes by Ottoman authority and sometimes by
the authority of the Prince of Montenegro, should
be held to form part of the territory of this small
country, or be united to the Turkish provinces.
"On the first point, the Porte invokes the right
of conquest ; it is, indeed, the only one which it can
allege with the least semblance of truth, for between
it and Montenegro no convention exists to support
a right of suzerainty. But the fact of conquest is
not converted into a real right except under certain
conditions, the most esselit'al of which is the per-
manent and continuous 'occupation of the conquered
country, or at least.its subjection as attested by acts
of sovereign administration, such for example as the
levying a tribute, the presence of a garrison, &c.
But it is an historical fact that the Turks, although
they may have sometimes at tacked Montenegro with
success, have never been able to mainti.in'th9mselves
in that country; and it is also indisputable that
for nearly a century Montenegro- has been almost
entirely closed against them.

" We see, then-, that the Porte cannot pla'ce its
suzerainty with respect to Montenegro under the
principle of the integrity of the Ottoman empire.
And in this view of subject one cannot help
deeply regretting that afttr the sacrifices which
certain powers made for her independence and in-
tegrity, Turkey should have allowed herself to at-
tack the national existence of a small and feeble
conetry.
It will be remembered that the chief Ottoman
plenipotentiary at the Congress of Paris, while de-
claring that the Porte bail n) intention of altering
anything in tile actual status quo of Montenegro,
made a reservation in favour of the suzerainty ef the
Sultan over that country, and that on that occasion
Prince Daniel himself addressed the Powers which
had subscrieed the Treaty of Paris, in vindication
of his rights to independence. Shortly afterwards
the Prince. dine to Paris, though the government
of the Eaiperor, so far from having encouraged
that step, had, on the contrary, endeavoured to
dissuade him from it, wishing, in the interest of the
Prince himself, to avoid everyt bine that could give
offence to other governments. The Prince, never-
theless' ACC.3lllplished his journey, and the Emperor
r oeived wi tlt kind nes 3 I he chiefof a littlestate which
invoked his right in order t placehimself under the
protection of the Great Powers. Undoubtedly
the existence of Montenegro is of little consequence
to the b dance of power in Europe ; but when the
weak invoke justice, it would be unworthy and tin--
generous not to listen to thern,•and his Majesty
received with interest the account submitted to him
of the miseries of a Christian people and the suffer-
ings which they had so long endured for the main-
tenance of their faith and nationality, and was in-
duced to promise his support in :itch measure as
sto be o herwise oimpatible with the just claims
of the respective partite. Ha ALjesty's ambassa-
dor at Constantinople was ordered to make a
friendly representation on the s utject to the ministers
of the Sultan, and at th 9 sante time to call their
attention to the necessity of bringing about, if only
provisionally, a te:ritorial settlement between Tur-
key and Montenegro which ehould put an end to
the sanguinary collisions which periodically arise
between the two populations out of questions of the
right of pasture and agriculture, and which are
preduc d by the uncertainty of the boundaries.
" Iteilui_ied to these terms, the overtures of
France affected no question of principle ; they con-
stitutiel scarcely anything more than an act of
humanity, and. the Emperor's govetninent found
other cahine's disposed to concur with it at Con-
stentiuople.
" However, troubles having broken out in the
pt.( vinces nearest t.) Montenegro, the Ottoman
government ri-solved to send troops thither to re-
establish order. It moreover formerly declared
that the despatch of these forces was not a move-
ment against Montenegro, with which it in-
tended to employ only negotiation. No-with-
standing these assuranc-s, Ottoman troops were
placed roundabout Montenegro, and, what is more
:erious, they prepared to march into the districts
of Grahovo, which is occupied by the Montenegrins.
Admitting that in the intention of the Porte this
invasion of the territory was sot intended as au
attack up in Montenegro, it is evident that it might
lead to an armed collision, and diet it constitutes
at least a viola ion of the statu quo which the Porte
hail undertaken by the mouth of its ambassador to
respect.
" The Emperor's government could not remain
indifferent to this proceeding; and it made suitable
representations at Constantinop e, and it has in-
vatic' the Powers to come to an understanding as
to the means of preventing a conflict otherwise in-
evitable between the Tu. ks and Montenegrins. Its
advances have been received fevourably, and Eng-
land has male a proposition which has b: en gladly
accepted at Pads, to the effect that great powers
shall appoint comcnisdoners, who, in concert with
an envoy of the Porte, shall proceed to a territorial
arrangement based upon the statu quo existing at
the date of the Treaty of Pads.
"It is reasonah'e to hope that all the govern-
ments will rally to so moderate a propositien.
Russia has unif irmly displayed too much interest
in tae welfare of the Monteueerins to allow us to
doubt of her assent ; and as for Austria, we are not
permitted to doubt of her adhesion when we re-
member that in 1853 she made strong representa-
tions at Constantinopie, by the mouth of Prince
Leiningen, in order to obtain respect fur the terri-
torial statu quo, at that time menaced by the
much of troops under Omer Piclift.

CHARGE OF WRiTING A LETTER TO
TEE QUEEN.

Mr. Austin Maggs, an architect and builder; who
has for some tiwe past resided in Hereford, super-
intending the erection of a monastic edifice at Bel-
mont, about a couple of miles from the city, has
just been apprehended in consequence of having
written a lett,r to her Majesty, plainly betokening
mental aberration of a dang-rous character.
Mr. M4ggs was apprehended on Tuesday night
last, under a warrant signed by a city magistrate,
and issued by direction of Sir Richard Mayne.
Upon the superintendent of police reading the
warrant. Mr. Maggs exclaimed, "On, a lunatic in-
deed ! Waa it one of your puppy Hereford magis-
trates that issued the warrant against me?"
Upon being told that the ins ructions for his ap-
prehension had been s,nt from London in conse-
quence of his having written a letter to the Queen,
Mr. Maggs said—" Wrote it? Of course I wrote
it, and she ought to have answered it. It would
have been better if rho Queen bad answered it in a
respectful manner." He suheequently stated that
the letter was written a fortnight ago, and ad-
mitted that he was in London on Saturday last.
The folli.iwitig is a copy of the letter upon which
the proceedings are taken:—

" Heref, rd, 27th April, 1858,
"To her Most Gracious Msj,oty Victoria, Queen of
Great Britain, Ireland, and their colonies.
"Your Majesty's bumble and loyal subject showeth,
that through the mercy and grace of Almighty God
he has, during a period cf 36 years, been an obedient
and useful subject of this realm, and, moreover, for more
than 20 years now past he has been an bumble servant
of the Most High God, and a partaker of His grace,
manifested in His only begotten San. Your MaJ-1,43''8
security also showeth that the all-wise and gracious God
bas in an especial manner manifeste I himself t him (tbe
writer), and in such a marked and continuous way as
leaves him no alternative but to apply to your Maj.-sty
to render up to him your Majesty's office as head of the
church. And in doing so it is from a solemn conviction
of duty. Your Majesty will please to remember that
this application is registered in heaven, and will have to
sbheaallcoboeuhnatepdpy for at the judgducement
tails smeaatjeostfyomurylourrded.
et,l-
-tials as Christ's vice-gerent ou earth, and challenge the
topr
creation to produce any (Aber claim except my own to
that office. In preferring my claim, your Majesty will
please to observe that it is from no sordid motive, bu
on the contrary, merrly for the glory ot God, the wel-
fare of tbe your Majesty's people, and the stability of
both domestic and public—l am, by the grace of G God,
your throne. Wi,hing your MajestyUeavT: aAPGPGi
.st
in your Majesty's service,
The prisoner was very violent on Tuesday night,
and broke the furniture of the infirmary of the
City Gaol, where he hid ben placed. Be d'
hiiwelt ready to am:wet- for writing the letterue e
rl see .''
On Majesty
the
her
Wednesday
"before h
et hve? Queenboualtwp before any one elate
et
to
Mayoruntil Mondayl‘ text,
1 r .
riplaiiNci'ieusikbe made e,s to as remandid
con-
cerning Ills relatives, who are believed to reside at
Bristol.

N.EWSPAPET '
4 1.
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ROYAL BOTANIC ‘-' ,e4r
" -77-.----7-' Vi thafat
The first great Ohara ethibitam y
iihis)essou took 'place
_yesterday,' at,:thelOgr,
6
Regent's Park. Unfortunately, fortune's s
as regal els propitious weather are as a rule most
sparingly bestowed u} on these beautifnEdiert gis
:cat
onhi nstaueitirendsiyep-
6ue,
ass:,
enitoe.
aciontl
most
fittarhyomeltatiairiettkethpeedene
marked,
i attendance
autnwhdc al
judicialwretched
he effectvisitors,
.. W
tehy t
31:
aqua.hwr. i
compstillii
bitoinh ike t.
:the
her::
:ailhijatuht_e:nu.svnlbse.rpesrahtapprseviotis exhibitiOrts wks, Of
less:than might haw, ,been
nature of the day.,
tattle Society which :Itt°cnolmmir iiidnidsalanYyliatiliatbrlßol;
such an oecasiOn, ancE,;ritgliing Can *air: more
strongly for its attractive nature than. that, iu spite
of all drawbacks, between 4,000 and 5000 visitors
were present during the greaterlpitit of: ihi after
noon. The flowers were,. -as Initial, dieplayed
in the most artistic and 'effectiv:e.rixte7a4naensgeind
one gigantic marquee formed . by. aite. sonitipa.
tion of several large ones into' .a Veer hill.- ' In
baaronunksdofthteurifnatlirdior of this, ttllliLii2).avlrg formed in ills
centre into semicircular beds and.groups, with .patha
leading between these rich bouquets. /gown,
in fact, could exceed the beautiful effect of the
coup d'ceil 'Which the interior afforded, spreading
before the eye of the spectator an expanse of eirer-
varying and most exquisite hues.
Beforejes athcceoamdpnie
admission of h
the
Rgoeynael Highnessralvisiters
theMaty,
Prince Consort and the Princess Alice; h6nodred
the exhibition with a private visit, and remained
sometime in the marquee, examining the best
among the various classes Of plants exhibited. The
roses, WhiCh, both with regard Oahe plants andithe
size of the flower, have never been surpassed it any
previous exhibition, particularly attracted' the at-
tention of the Royal party. Many of 'the intihes
were growing in pots which one could, actiOely
credit were large enough to maintain strati:Amu
p ants, some of which had as many as fronr4o to 50
open bloom's, and as many buds doming lostt.-: The
various specimens ..of rhododendrons; - vhieh linly a
few years since were introdueed by Di. Booker
from the Himalayas, are; already beginning to be
grown as show plants, and some fine specimens of
these were greatly admired. A double white
pelargonium, named "the Gem of the Undercliff,"
and a great curiosity, was also much ncticed by the
Royal party. . . .. After the departure of her Majesty the exhibi-
tion was thrown open to visitors, and, as usual, even
among the very limited number that attended
yesterday the most distinguished members of the
aristocracy were to he found. Among many others
were her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cam-
bridge and the Princess Mary, her Serene High-
ness the Princess Anne of Saxe-Weimar, the
Duchess of Sutherland, the Swedish Ambassador
and suite, the Austrian Ambassador and suite, the
M4rchieness of Aylesbury, the Countess of Chester-
ii-ld, the Bishop of Manchester, &c. Two long
banks of turf covered with orchids, not only of all
hues, but of all shapes and sins, were great attrac-
sions, particularly each examples of the curious
Want as the dove orchis, the bee, the fly, the lizard,
The brightest display in colours were the azaleas aid
'aro, mitt ins.
P" --, The former were particularly fine,
and bat for their most delicate tints of . colour
would have reminded the visitor of loose piles of
swans' down or snow, so completely was every leaf
of foliage hidden under the soft mass of blossom.
The cacti were, as usual, hot-looking and brilliant,
and the heaths were good and their flowers well
cobiured.

Tne bands of the Ist and 2d Life Guards, with
that of the Ilone Gu irds, were stationed In attend-
ance, and contributed as much as it was in the
power of music to contribute in enlivening the day.
At six the three bands were united, and the effect
of their performances was then really most impres-
s,ve and powerfu!. Unfortunately, however, no-
thing could compensate for the depressive influence
of the weather, and it was a matter of sincere re-
gret with many that the rules of the society did
not permit tf:e continuance of the exhibition for
anwher day.
The following are the principal prizes_ awarded
to the most successful competitors in the various
classes :

Extra Gold.—Mr. Doddß, gardener to S:r J.
Cathcart ; Mr. Gedney, gardener to Mr. Ellis.
LArge Golil.—Mr. Whitebread, gardener to Mr.
El. CJlyer ; Mr. Wooley, gardener to Mr. H. B.
Ker.

Medium Gold.—Mr. Green, gardener to Sir
Edward Antrobus ; Mr. Cutbush, nurseryman,
B tenet, netts ; Mr. Baiter, gardener to Mr. A.
&vise, St inafQrd-bill ; Mr. 0. Turner, nurseryman,
nigh ; Mr. -Barter,. -gardener to
Mr. A. Bassett ; Mr. KATO, gardener-to Mr. J.
Butler, Woolwich • Messrs. Thomas Jackson and
S ,n, Kingston ; Mr. M. Clarke, gardener to Mr.
C. Webb - Messrs. Paul, nuneryman, Cheshunt.
Gold.—:Messrs. Fraser, nurs-ryman, Lee-bridge-
road ; Mr. B. Peed, gardener to Mr. T. Tredweß,
Norwood ; Mr. Cutnush, nurseryman, Barnet ;
Mr. B. Peed, gardener to Mr. T. Tredwell ; Messrs.
Lane and S.,n, nurserymen, Berkharnpstead ; Mr.
Green, garden€r ro S,r E. Antrobui ; Mr. Carson,
gardener to Mr. W. F. G. Farmer ; Mr. C. Tur-
ner, ; Mr. W. Nye, gardener to Mr. E. -
Foster ; Messrs. Lane and San, nurserymen.
Eleven large silver-gilt medals were also awarded,
with seven large silver medals and 17 silver-gilt
thls, to various competitors, madly of whom had
also taken the gold medals.

MURDEROUS ASSAUi T UPON A MOTHER
BY HER SON.

Henry Thomas Simmons, a tall powerful-looking
young man, 22 years of age, the son of a master
engineer, carrying on business in Wellington-street,
Blackfriars-road, was brought hefore Mr. Burnham,
at the Southwark Police-court yesterday, charged
with committing a brut:ll and inhuman assault upon
Elizabeth Simmons, his aged mother.
The complainant, who exhibited a black eye and
several cuts on the nose and face, stated very
reluctantly that en the previous afternoon she took
her husband's tea to the factory, and being rather
linter than usual he abused her very much, The
prisoner then cirne up to her and in a rough way
told her to go out, and when she got into the yard
he kuocked 11,,r down and struck her on the eye
when she was down.

Mr. Burcham—But your face and nose is cut.
She replied that that was quite true, but her
husband inflicted those cuts some days back.

The prisoner here, in the molt impudent manner,
Said that his mother called him a thief, and she
pawned his cl.,theg, so that he had nothing to put
on except his working dress.
The mother denied his apertions. She had
always behaved kind to him, and in return she was
being continually ill-used by him and his father.
She, however, never complained before.
Mr. Burnham asked her what her husband was 1
She replied that he was a master engineer, and
employed several men, and all he allowed her last
week t ) mAintain six of them was 12s.

The prisoner said that his mother spent the
money in drink, and that caused all the quarrels.
Mr. Burcham told him that even if such was the
fact it WAS no re von why she should be maltreated
by him in :inch a brutal way. He was not content
with knocking her down, but he must strike her
when down, and that in a violent manner. Any
little spark of feeling that ho might have for his
mother ought to have taught him to protect her,
instead of assaulting her, and had it not been for
provocations he might hat e received from her, un-
der the influence of drink, he should have inflicted
the full punishment on him the law authorised him.
Ile should, however, sentence him to six weeks'
hard lab dun
As the prisoner was being removed by the gaoler,
Mrs. Elizabeth Stroud, the wise of a tradesman
in use Blackfriars-road, ascended the witness-box,
and said that their premises adjoined the prisoner's
fa•her's factory. She had frequently seen the poor
old lady dreadfully ill-used by father and son. On
the previous afternoon she was sitting in her par-
lour, when she saw the prisoner knock bis mother
down in the yard. She screamed "Murder," and
then witness sawh
oas rthetl
she
hp
afterwards
fi prisoner
ha thought
striketthhee
oh
prisoner
solawnhdeiyrl
rwoaa
was
the ground. Witness called out to her husband to
fetch
murdered,tie police,
and s
taken into custody.

Mr. Burnham asked whether she had eyes seen
the comp 11
sraeoi
eniniadi
birtoe
replied
efuads
tethdhe
arbteafanoharaehs?ao
an
oilul-tuwseohoerrt,harneda
o
freoclisrsiwo.nhSsat she had seen of her she was a well be-
haved, sober woman.
Mr. Burcl}am said that he was now quite satis-
fied that aith ugh e poor woman had been so
cruelly treated by h r son, she had been reluctant
to tell all she had suffe:ed from his violence. A
mere cm 1 and atrocious case on the part of a son
towards his mother he never heard of, and from
the evidence of Mrs. S'roud, who had humanely
come for ,V H rd. the shorter imprisonmente crime.
which
he had inflicted was quite inaslquate tohapd
labour,
He should sentence him to six months
instead of six week. ; and if his_
bj sent fathershould be
to keep
brought up no doubt he would
company with Hui in the House of Correction.

SALE OF THE LIVERPOOL BOROUGH BANK PROnRTT.
—Yesterday, Mr. Branch, auctioneer, offered for hale
the property of this bank, iccluding the bulk building.
:Li Water- treet, but the Lidding was so much below the
reserve prices that only one lot WAS sold (comprising
two housee) for 5601.