The Sun.
London, England, 1867-07-10 00:00:00

adjacent mines, eighteen or nineteen in number, and in
forty-eight hours they succeeded, without using violence,
in stopping the whole work of the area. Finding some
some teams carting ore to the canal they took the
horses out of the waggons, and informed the drivers that
they would be punished if they put them in again.
Fortunately for the manufacturers large supplies of
ore lay on the banks of the canal. The boats were
loaded and the ore sent on to the furnaces. The
miners then came down, and after compelling the boat-
men to leave, they thought the surest plan would be
to fill up the canal with the ore on the banks. The Canal
Company promptly cleared their canal, and the ironmasters
having obtained from the Government a military force to
protect the boatmen, the miners found that the furnaces
were likely to be supplied for three or four months, and
therefore returned to work. The conclusions formed by
Mr. Hewitt after reading the evidence given before
the Royal Commission on the action of Trades' Unions
in Great Britain are that there is a strong analogy.
He believes those of Great Britain to be more perfect, and
to have arrived at a more complete development than their
kindred institutions in America. His evidence goes to show
that the worst features of the English unions are developed
in his own country, and we may well believe this when his
evidence on the nationalities of the workmen is considered.
The people who carried out the little game in New Jersey
were, 19 out of 20, Irishmen. Irishmen never arrive in
America as trained puddlers. He is a helper that the pud-
dler hires, who, in process of time, becomes a puddler him-
self, though, as a general rule, not a good one. About
one-half, or possibly two-thirds of these helpers rise to
bo puddlers, and as the helpers are almost invariably Irish
a considerable number of the puddlers have thus become
Irish also. An American is seldom found in

these works. They are mostly team drivers or the
managers of the boats on the canal, directing or
driving something, while the others are directed.
The Englishmen goes commonly with the Americans,
getting to be something better than a day labourer. Lord
Elcho put the question, "Do you include Scotchmen in
the word Englishmen ?" "As to Scotchmen," replied Mr.
_ _

Hewitt, " we are very careful not to let them enter the
works, for this reason, that we do not know how soon a
Scotchman will become the proprietor. We are rather
afraid of Scotehmen." When questioned further the wit-
ness stated that the Scotchman's facility for doing his work
has no superior in America, and no one ever there saw
a Scotch beggar. I have seen Scotch drunkards," he
added, " but no beggars." Lord Elcho, by way, we pre-
sume, of "taking a rise" out of him, said, " That is
a habit which they have acquired in America, I sup-
pose ?" (Rather good that for a country known to
consume more ardent spirits than any other). " No,"
answered Mr. Hewitt, "they generally bring it with them.
Our people are, as a rule, temperate people, and the bad
habits they have acquired are invariably got rid of at an
early period." Here Mr. Roebuck put in his oar—" Then,
generally speaking, the Aluerican citizen is a sober man ?"
—" Generally speaking, and I can say that there has been
a great improvement in thy period, which I can remember.
Tho habit of intemperance among the artisans was very
much greater in America twenty years ago than now, and
I think we may say distinctly that there has been a gene-
ral improvement in the moral tone of the working classes
in America within the last twenty years."
The Chairman—" In the present state of American
society is the lowest stratum of labour confined to Irish,
and Germans?"—"As a general rule."
The Chairman—" There is no American labour in the
lower stratum of labour ?"—" A very small proportion in-
deed in the lower stratum, and if an American wants to
labour with his hands, or in an occupation not requiring
mechanical skill, he takes to the land as a general rule, or
farm, and hence the farms in the United States are to a
great extent in the hands of Americans."

COUNTRY MARKETS.

BRISTOL-TUESDAY.

Under the influence of continued fine weather, our mar-
ket is dull. English wheat brought about former prices;
foreign sorts is per quarter cheaper. Oats in fair demand
at full prices. Other articles unchanged.

LEEDS—TUESDAY.
The corn market to-day had a moderato attendance, and
what business there was done in fresh wheat was at the
samo prices as last week, still trade was dull. Barley un
minal. In oats and beans no alteration.