The Sun.
London, England, 1867-03-08 00:00:00

a,
e 7-cri
- 4.0,44) 414th

LONDON, FRIDAY, MARCH 8, 1867.

Last night, in answer to Lord GRANVILLE'S in-
quiries, Lord DERBY made a very satisfactory an-
nouncement respecting the Fenian outbreak in
Ireland. According to the receipt of the last tele-
grams it seems that nothing of consequence tran-
spired after Wednesday, and the police and military
are in active pursuit of the fugitives, while aban-
doned arms have been taken in great numbers. It
is reported that no considerable body of insurgents
are any longer to be found in. existence.
No additional reinforcements will be required
in Ireland, which in itself is a reassuring
announcement. At the same time it is well for us
to remember that this affair of Fenianism is not
one to be lightly passed over. Indeed the last
outbreak was of a very significant character, and
though the adoption of active measures has re-
pressed it speedily, it will not do to overlook its
meaning. All may be apparently calm and tran-
quil, and yet at a moment's notice, in the twinkling
of an eye, up starts a new combination, and the
peace of this island is at an end, while alarm
and consternation are rife among those who
are in danger of coming in contact with the
disaffected men. Perhaps it would be better to
wait a little and watch events before any one pre-
sumes to say that the affair is over. In fact, if
those who are the most sanguine will take care to
investigate the matter a little, they will see that the
plans of these Fenians have been well matured, and
that their movements, if sudden, are not the result
of a hasty notion, but rather in consequence of pre-
concerted measures.

It is long since the authorities have had so diffi-
cult a task, and so troublesome a one, too, as the
suppression of this Fenianism, and its worst feature
is that as fast as one phase of its conspiracy is over
another appears.
In this last affair one confusion has followed so
fast upon another that we are partly justified in
believing that they were all pre-arranged, and that
the rebels hoped thus to bewilder the authorities
if they did not succeed altogether in outwitting
them by their strategy and alacrity of manoeuvres.
The worst encounter was the attack made at the
police station at Kilmallock. Two hundred of the
Fenians surrounded the place, which was occupied
by only fourteen of the police force, but
these contrived to hold their ground until
a reinforcement came to their assistance.
The police have been the greatest sufferers in this
outbreak, both from the fury of the rebels being
more particularly directed against them, and from
their being so much exposed to their attacks. At
any rate, this farce, or this reality, whichever it be,
has gone on long enough, and it is high time that
it should cease. It is evident that hitherto
the Fenians have been treated too leniently,
and therefore more vigorous measures must
be adopted for the future. The very fact
that the last outbreak should have taken place
so soon after the Government had resolved to put a
stop to the suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act
proves that moderation and conciliation will not do
to depend upon in treating with these conspirators.
They must learn to fear the law they have outraged,
and the most prompt and decisive measures will be
the most efficacious as well as the most merciful in
the end.

The new Congress does not apparently intend to
work too hard, for we learn by a telegram, dated
New York, March 7th, that on Monday next the
House of Representatives will adjourn its sitting
until the month of May. Possibly by that time
the aspect of affairs may have changed, both parties
may have modified their views, and something like
a political compromise may be successfully accom-
plished. The proposal for the impeachment of the
PRESIDENT has been referred to the Judiciary
Committee for investigation during the recess.
It is not likely, moreover, that we shall hear
much more of it. One of the most im-
portant things done by the Congress since its re-
assembling has been a gracious and courteous act.
A joint resolution of the two houses has been una-
nimously adopted, tendering the thanks of Congress
to Mr. CYRUS FIELD, " for his foresight, courage,
I and determination in establishing telegraphic com-
munication by means of the Atlantic cable traversing
through mid-ocean, and connecting the Old World
with the New." Mr. FIELD richly deserves this tes-
timony of the appreciation of his countrymen, and
we can only hope that, in addition to the gold medal
suggested by Congress, a gift of $20,000 or $30,000
may be offered in the name of the nation to an emi-
nent public servant. The career of Mr. FIELD does
honour to America, and America should honour him
worthily in return. We believe that he is engaged
in some new schemes for perfecting the communi-
cation between England and America, and render-
ing it altogether independent of the land lines, in
which attempt he will, we hope, be successful.

Now that the North German Parliament has fairly I
begun its work many conflicting interests have
made themselves apparent, and it is curious to
watch their gradual development, and to speculate
upon the effects that they may produce. It appears
that, in addition to the Conservative and the Na-
tional Liberal parties, a middle party has been
formed,which has been variously composed. It con-
sists of Prussian old Liberals and Deputies from
Saxony, the former Electorate of Hesse and Upper
Hesse. It is important to notice that this party
will exercise a decisive influence in case of
" numerical equality" of the other fractions. This
new party will not be regarded in a very favourable
manner by the Berlin Government we should pre-
sume, for it will seriously interfere with the fulfil-
ment of many of their projects. The Conservative
party held a meeting the other day, at which it was
settled that an " united support should be given to
the draught of the Constitution." They wisely
determined that no secondary proposals should be
made until the draught of the Federal Constitution
was no longer in danger of rejection. This is as
well, because if too much time be expended in the
prosecution of details there is a great risk ruu of
nothing effective being done. So far as the mere
arrangements are concerned, there is no particular
fault to find with the plan of this North German
Parliament, and we suspect that where it fails will
be in the interference exercised by Prussia. The
restrictions that Herr BISMARCK seems inclined to
put upon the publication of the reports of the de-
bates will militate against its carrying out the in-
, tentions of those who have desired to establish a

really national representation, and their disap-
pointment and indignation are likely to be about
equal when the truth dawns upon them.

It is very satisfactory to find that the affairs of
Hungary are decidedly improving, and that there
seems every prospect of the mutual good under-
standing already arrived at continuing. On the 6th
of this month, in the Lower House of the Diet, the
Government bill respecting the Hungarian muni-
cipalities was adopted, at least so far as the prin-
ciples of it is concerned, and this is a good
sign of the entente cordiale that exists. The
importance of the bills which were laid be-
fore the Diet is very great, and it is therefore
interesting to dwell upon the reception that they
have met with. The danger lay i❑ the existence of
a party which tried its utmost to injure the connec-
tion between Austria and Hungary. On the vote
being taken, only 18 were found against the bill,
and 317 in favour of it, so that it is not unreason-
able to presume that the worst is over as far as any
opposition of a dangerous character being mani-
fested. We hope that the Imperial Government
at Vienna will continue the wise policy they have
begun, and which has already been attended with
such signal success. The peculiar events of the
time render it more than ever important that
amiable relations should exist between Austria and
Hungary.

Notwithstanding the great improvements which
we have now a prospect of seeing carried out in the
Poor Law, there is no doubt whatever that there
will always be abundant room for the exercise of
private and voluntary charity. It is quite impossible
for the requirements of a public law to be adapted
to those cases which alike most need and most de-
serve help. We often hear of harrowing cases, in
which the decent poor, suddenly reduced to ex-
tremities by illness or accident, endure to the very
verge of starvation rather than apply for parish
help. The " house" has terrors for them
which no argument or experience can remove,
and while thousands suffer severely without
the world knowing anything of their sufferings,
sometimes the feeble frame succumbs, and we have
an inquest, and a verdict.of " Death from want and
exposure." Under a very much improved and dis-
criminating system we cannot suppose that the
treatment of the casual poor will ever be tolerable
to the better class of homeless persons. The inevi-
table association with vagrants of the worst descrip-
tion is of itself an intolerable hardship ; and the
servant out of place, the widow, with her chil-
dren, who have seen better days, the man or woman
discharged from the hospital and unfit to work, may
all find themselves " hou-eless by night" without the
casual ward of the parish workhouse offering them
more than nominal assistance. The very great
amount of suffering endured in London through
a hard winter by the houseless poor led to the esta-
blishment of those night Refuges which have done
such good service, both directly and indirectly.
Their immediate effect has been to save many from
dying of want and cold in the streets of wealthy
London, to mitigate much undeserved misery, and to
stretch out a helping hand to lift hundreds out of
almost hopeless degradation and despair. Their in-
direct influence may be traced in the new Act for
the benefit of the Houseless Poor and the increased
interest felt in their condition. The benevolent
exertions of the founders and managers of these in-
stitutions familiarised the middle classes with the
real wants and sufferings of the houseless poor
whom the public were no longer content to leave to
the doubtful mercy of the workhouse officials.

One of the most successful of these institutions
has been the Newport Market Refuge, which owes
its existence mainly to the charitable efforts of Mrs.
GLADSTONE. It was established about three years
ago, with the object of affording food and shelter
to the really destitute, having special view to
making inquiry as to their characters, and giving help
of a practical kind to those who are really de-
serving of it. The committee aim at drawing a
marked distinction between the regular tramp and
the respectable portion of houseless poor, who are
often only in a state of temporary destitution, and
to whom such assistance on the first break-up of
their homes is invaluable. The committee are
enabled by experience to distinguish very quickly
between the two classes, and though they almost
entirely exclude the ordinary tramp, their institu-
tion is, nevertheless, full every night ! During the
past year 265 female domestic servants had been
among those received and assisted, many of them
being from the country. What could these poor
girls have done alone and friendless in London
without such aid ? Very certainly the casual wards
of the workhouse would not have been the place for
them, and yet they might be temporarily out of a
situation without fault of their own. There is in
connection with the building an industrial school,
intended for those little friendless boys who at pre-
sent come under the influence of no other institu-
tion. During the visitation of the cholera last year
a number of friendless orphans were received at the
request of Mrs. Gladstone, and during the year 360
persons have been assisted in permanent ways
by the charity. During the nine months,
when it was open in 1866, 16,275 nights'
lodgings were given and 40,748 rations issued,
while 11,520 persons were relieved from the
soup kitchen. It is quite evident, then, that there
is plenty of work for the institution to do, and there
is very little doubt that it is being done in the most
efficient and satisfactory manner.

The annual meeting of the association, which
was held yesterday at Willis's Rooms under the
presidency of Lord Powis, was, we are glad to see,
very largely attended. The committee had the
advantage of the eloquent advocacy of Mr. GLAD-
STONE, who observed that, as a general rule, it was
necessary in London that the claims of an institu-
tion to public support should be grounded on two
conditions. In the first place, it should have a bad
balance-sheet ; in the second, it should have a good
purpose. With regard to the first condition they
had an annual income of £3OO, and a yearly ex-
penditure of £2,500 ; with regard to the second
there was many reasons in its favour. The report,
said the right hon. gentleman, very truly alluded to
the inclemency of the weather from which the poor
suffered, but they were also exposed to the in-
clemency of the heart. Many persons clothed
themselves in a kind of armour against indis-
criminate appeals for aid, but it must not be for-
gotten that the official administration of relief must
always be more or less deficient in those principles
which were the life of charity. The Archbishop of
YORK, who followed, alluded to the treatment of
the casual poor in some of the London workhouses,
which is not certainly very inviting to decent folks.
We have little doubt that the meeting of yesterday
will be of great service to this excellent institution
by bringing its claims forcibly before the public,
and showing, as Mr. GLADSTONE reminded his
hearers, that its objects are as eminently rational
as they are unequivocally Christian.

Notice has been given that the scheme commenced
in June last, for capicklising the overdue coupons
of the New Orleans, Jackson, and Great Northern
Railroad First Mortgage Construction is now com-
plete. Bonflholders are requested to apply for fur-
ther particulars to Messrs, J. H. Schroder and Co,

CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS.

PARIS, Thursday Evening.

The evening Moniteur has some interesting com-
ments and explanations relative to the general posi-
tion of foreign countries. It says—" The military
question is the order of the day in almost all the
countries of Europe. It is not only the great Powers
like France, England, and Austria, but the small
States like Holland and Denmark, which change
their system of armament and the reorganisation of
their armies. The principle the most generally
adopted is the obligation to serve under the flags,
and the division of the forces into active armies and
armies of reserve. From the moment that one or
several of the great European Powers adopted such
a system it became necessary for the other States to
follow the example, unless they were inclined to
condemn themselves to a regretable inferiority. It
is stipulated in the project of the Confederation of
Northern Germany that every German of the North
shall be subjected to military service. Austria
imposes the same principle on all her sub-
jects of the empire of Hapsburg. Such is
also the basis of the common military organisa-
tion upon which the Ministers directing the
four States of Southern Germany came recently to
some agreement at the Conference at Stuttgard.
Sweden and Denmark also propose to the Chambers
that every Swede and every Dane shall be under the
obligation to enrol himself in the army. Holland
wishes to raise the number of men of her active
army from 55,000 to 70,000, and to constitute
the National Guard so that it may be raised to
106,000 men. In short, in the south of Europe,
Spain and Italy are augmenting their armies, and
a commission instituted by King Victor Emmanuel
is preparing a plan which, by declaring that every
Italian is liable to military service, will raise the
army to 500,000 men, 300,000 of whom will be for
the active army, 100,000 to fill up vacancies which
may arise, and 100,000 for the reserve. The tenour
of these preparations is not a menace against the
peace of Europe. It is rather a guarantee of the
mutual respect which the Powers ought to have for
each other. If the military art, like all the other
sciences, has made a progress which renders a
modification of the system of armament necessary,
it must not be forgotten that armies do not serve
for war only. They maintain public order, they
develope the ideas of discipline and patriotism, and
they contribute even in times of peace to the dignity
and strength of the people.
" The Parliament of Northern Germany held its
first sitting on the 25th of February. One of its
first acts was to demand the establishment of a
tribune, and the Prussian Government immediately
deferred to the desire. On the same day a grand
banquet was given,
and there were assembled at the
Royal table the Sovereign and his family, the
foreign princes, the Plenipotentiaries from 22 Con-
federate States, the Members of Parliament, and the
high functionaries of the kingdom. The King of
Prussia proposed a toast to the princes, his allies,
and the Saxon Plenipotentiary returned thanks for it.
"The Court of Berlin has only to congratulate
itself upon this first application of the principle of
universal suffrage. A prince of the blood, the
Prince Charles Frederic, and several of the most
influential members of the aristocracy, were chosen.
The ancient Prussian territories gave the majority
to the Conservatives. The President and Vice-
Presidents chosen (M. Simson, a Moderate Liberal,
the Duke d'Ujest, Conservative, and M. Benning-
sen), afford reason to believe that the Liberal and
Conservative elements will be equally represented in
the new Assembly, and form a check each upon the
, other.

" In spite of partial resistance the understanding
which has been come to between the Emperor of
Austria and Hungary is a fact of high importance,
which may exercise a most salutary influence upon
the future position of the Austrian monarchy.
" The late Consistorial Allocution of the Pope is
considered throughout Italy as a new symptom
favourable to the ideas of moderation which pre-
vai!ed during the religious negociations with w hich
the court of Rome and that of Florence have been
engaged. The prelates recently appointed by the
Holy Father to the dioceses which were vacant are
known for their moderate opinions, and, as the
Italian journals remark, are disposed to render unto
God what belongs to God, and to Caesar that which
belongs to Cesar. The success of the mission of
s
M. Tonello is a great result, and experience has
proved how useful and opportune wa the advice
given by the Government of the Emperor upon the
occasion. The relations between Austria and Italy
become more and more satisfactory. The Emperor
Francis Joseph has received in solemn audience the
representative of King Victor Emmanuel at the Court
of Vienna, and the Austrian Government attaches
value to the idea of developing by a system of con-
fidence and mutual progress the political and com-
mercial relations of the Empire with the Peninsular:
On her part Italy has appointed Consulates at
Vienna, Trieste, Fiume, and Ragusa. The Vene-
tian question has ceased to cause anxiety to Europe."
The journal of Rome publishes an edict relative
to the observance of Lent of 1867. The edict is
dated Rome, February 28, and is signed, " Con-
stantine, by the mercy of God, Bishop of Porto and
S. Rufina, Cardinal Patrizi, Vicar-General of the
Holy See." Charity to the poor is particularly
recommended, also moderation in luxury, which is
always vain and often dangerous.
La France affects to have some knowledge of the
principle of the proposed new law respecting public
meetings. It says that it will no longer be neces-
sary to obtain previous permission to hold a meet-
ing,
ho meeting.
but merely
It adds, however, that the a simple declaration of the object
discus-
sion of certain questions will be interdicted.
The Siecle, in reference to this information of La
France, says :--'`We believe that the officious
journal is misinformed. The Government cannot
think of rendering the right of meeting illusory at
a moment when our neighbours on the other side
of the Channel exercise that right in entire pleni-
tude, where weekly meetings are organised in *fra-
falgar-square, and England gives the example of
the alliance of order with the most extensive
liberty."
There has been another murder in Paris. A lady
of 78, named Morin, residing in the Rue des Sept
Voies, was found dead in a garret over the apart-
ment which she occupied, where she kept her coals
and wood. There was a mortal wound in the neck,

made with a cutting instrument, a dagger-knife,
which was left in the attic by the murderer, stained
with blood. Robbery was no doubt the motive of
the crime, as all the furniture had been ransacked,
but what has been taken away is not known. A
gold watch and chain are missing. No other par-
ticulars have yet been ascertained.
Colonel Maigne,
while walking along the Quai
Voltaire, a few nights ago, about ten o'clock, fell
down and died immediately from congestion of the
brain. He had only arrived in Paris two days pre-
viously from Auxonne, where his regiment is
in
garrison. Colonel Maign4 had served in Algeria,
the Crimea, and Italy.
The first two vessels which have arrived at the
temporary port constructed in the Champ de Mars
are the Tibre and the Arno. They bring various
products for the Exhibition from Italy, which are
now being unladen.
There was a good deal of snow on the ground
early this morning in Paris and the suburbs, but
as the day advanced there was a rapid thaw, and it
has all disappeared. The weather has been dull and
gloomy, and during the afternoon there was occa-
sionally a slight fall of snow or rain. A Spanish
astronomer, who is described as a man of " pro-
found science," has foretold the second deluge for
the 13th of this month. He does not say whether
Spain only is to be swallowed up by this deluge, or
if other countries :are also to be submerged. The
astronomer is now engaged in calculating the
amount of water which will fall ; and, of course, it
will be considerable if it is to cover the Pyrenees.

LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET.
(This Day.)

Tho Market opens quiet. Sales probably 7,000
or 8,000 bales.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

THE FENIAINT RISING.

LIMERICK JUNCTION, Friday Morning.
The expected attack on Tipperary last night did
not take place.
Horse artillery and cavalry still patrol the roads.
The insurgents last night took possession of
Kiltcely police barracks.

PLYMOUTH, Friday Morning.

Her Majesty's ship Caledonia (20), flag of Ad-
miral Yelverton, left the Sound this morning at
eight o'clock, for Ireland, with 400 Royal Marines,
under the command of Colonel Pickard.
Wind E., a smart breeze.
The gunboats Rainbow and Hind sailed last
evening for Ireland.