The Sun.
London, England, 1858-05-18 00:00:00

YANKEE STEAMBOAT RACING.

The following are the particulars of the match
between the Shotwell and Eclipse, from New Or-
leans to Louisville, in 1853, for 00,000 a-side :
The boats started on succeeding days at the same
hour, to prevent collision ; and the distance-
-1,627 miles against the strong stream of the Mis-
sissippi—was done by the winner, the Shotwell, in
4 days 9 hours and 26 minutes' beating the Eclipse
by 7 minutes, besideslosing one hour and 40 minutes
by delay from running aground in too closely shaving
a bend of the river. The fuel consumed in this race
by the Shotwell (whose tonnage was 2,000, with
high-pressure engines of 1,000 horse power,
working at 1801bs.) was 500 tons of coal, 900 cords
of pitch pine-knots (a cord being 8 ft. by Oft. 4in.),
200 barrels of resin, and 1G hogsheads of whale oil.
The pine-knots were sprinkled with the whale oil
by means of watering-pots, and the resin knocked
into small lumps and mixed with the coal, and all
pitched into the furnace together. The funnels
were red hot soon after startieg, and continued
so all the way. Large b'ack frames were placed
all the way at convenient spoti, with the time at
which the rival boat had passed up the day before
clearly painted in whits, so that those on-board the
Shotwell could tell exactly how they stood in the
race.

These particulars we received from a gentlemen
who was on board, and who noted down the facts
detailed above ; and the scene of despair when the
vessel grounded, and of maniacal delight of all
concerned when she got off uninjured, he describes
as being past belief. The excitement, he states,
was such as to madden every one, and make all
ideas of personal safety vanish with the start ; and
the feantic shoutings from the crew on deck to the
firemen below to redouble their energies in keeping
up the steam, as any falling off in pace seemed per-
ceptible, was in strange contrast to the steady,
calm bearing of the helmsmen, who let nothing
interfere with their fixed object in taking the vessels
in the directest course from point to point, calcu-
lating to a nicety how nearly they could shave the
river-bank edge.

ELECTION INTELLIGENCE —EVESHAM, MAY 15.—1 n
anticipation of a dissolution of Parliament the electors
of this borough have been stirred from their usual
quietude by the issue, yesterday, of an address from
Colonel Addison, who unsuccessfully contested the bo-
rough at the last general election, and who offers him-
self again as a candidate. The gallant colonel does not,
in his address, enter into any exposition of his political
faith, and at the last election his speech did not develop
any fixed sentiments on the politics of the day. The
sitting members, Sir Henry Willoughby (conservative)
and Mr. E. Holland (liberal) will offer themselves for
re-election.

(From the Daily News.)
"For the third time of asking," we implore the
majority of the House of Commons to ponder well
the vote they are about to give on Mr. Card ivell'4
Resolution. That Resolution is a Jesuitical decep-!
tion. It professes, in the outset, to• decline ex-
pressing an opinion on Lord Canning's Proclama-
tion ; at the close, by censuring Ministers becau,el
they have condemned Lord Canning's Pr-)claina-!,
tion, it declares that Proclamation to be just and!
praiseworthy. The Resolution is a trap. It is so
worded that the House of Commons may be led to
declare its approval of the ProclaMation at die veryl
time that it believes it is declining to pronounce a;
_final judgment on it. This shuffle is at once a con.'
fession that the Proclamation cannot b 3 defended,(
and an attempt to steal surreptitiously the Legis-I
lature's sanction of if.
But the Rause of Commons can no longer raw
to take the merits or demerits of Lord Canning'
Proclamation into its consideration on the plea the
it is imperfectly informed on the subject. It ca
no longer allege that there is any doubt as to the
meaning of the Confiscation Clause, or that ther
-is any doubt as to the effect the promulgatian o
that Clause will have upon the natives of India.
If a majority of the House of Commons pass a Reso-1
lution which can only be interpreted to.approve
the Confiscation Clause, they will do so with tbeirl
eyes open—with a full knowledge of the import off
that Clause and the perilous consequenc-a of prof
mulgating it.
It has been affirmed by the Cardwellites that iti
is quite a mistake to suppose that the Proc.amaewni
threatens to deprive all the inhabitants of Oude of
their landed property, that such a supposition could)
only originate in the home-pub'ic'e ignorance 04
the nature of tenures of land in India. This shnflLl
will no longer serve. We have now the interpreta-4
tion put upon the Confiscation Clause, not by thei
ill-informed home-public, but by the well-informed!
Indian public. In India there are not two opinions]
as to the meaning of the Confiscation Clause)
Those who condemn it, and those who if they do!
not approve at least abstain from expressing dis-
approbation of it, interpret the clause in exactly !he
same manner. Our special correspondent at Cal-.
cutta—who has had some experience in these mat-1
tors, and who abstains from expressing any opinion!
as to the policy of the Proclamation—says :
" With the exceptionof the estat. of a few friendly
Talookdars, every inch of ground and every de-!
scription of pi operty in Oude is confiscated to the(
State by this Proclamation." The writers in the;
Friend of India—who are allowed on all hands toj
be better acquainted with Indian affairs than any
other public writers in that country—say It is
affirmed that a clause by which the whole landed!"
property of Oude is confiscated, has been inserted.'
All the private letters we have seen concur in de-
scribing the Confiscation Clause as au arbitrary re-
sumption of the whole land of Oude by the British
Government.

In resolving to confiscate the lands of Oude,
Lord Canning has set at defiance the opinions o
those men who have hitherto been considered the)
i;hest authorities on allquest ions relating to India.l
Sir James Outram recommended a general am-
nesty—and Lord Canning resolved on confiscation !
Sir John, Lawrence recommended an amnesty—and,
Lord Canning resolved on confiscation I The Court}
of Directors advise Lord Canning, in dealing with
the great chiefs, to exert himself to " encourage'
them, by liberal arrangements made in accordant
with ancient usages, to become industrious agi icul-
turists"—and Lord Canning has deprived -thlsm o
their lands ! The consequences of this unaccount-
able change in Lord Canning's mood and policy
are placed in a broad and striking light by the
Friond of India :—" The rebels are thus offered
life, but depzived of their property, and that, too,
at a time when our army has been split into detach-i
ment,, and for anything that we could effect, the;
submission of the rebels might be made as well ones
year hence as just now. By the dispersion .of ours
army we have already made war in 0 ude
and by the publication of such a document vve
should render peace insecure. It is difficult to see
what such a proclamation can be called. It is
clearly not an amnesty for it confiscates the property',
of these to whom it is addressed; it is not a threat,!
for it offers life and honour to those who submit.l
The proclamation has but one advantage—it gets z ids
of all existing tenures, and puts a stop to resuoap-i
tion, for the whole province is resumed. It throws
Mr. Gubbins's settlement. to the winds, but dotal!,
not hold out a promise that any future settltmeut
will be less severe. It makes every man in Oude
declared enemy, and does not exhibit any means (1
coercion. As an amnesty, the boon conferred is
ridiculous ; for what power have we put to deathi
five millions of human beings 1 • But the Indians
treasury has been for some time exhausted ; the
proclamation cannot refill it. Lucknow cannot be
put up to auction, nor the castles of the Talookdars
so'd to the highest bidders. Oude cannot be par-i
celled out into small farms and let to aliens, for in-i
terlopers would as soon take possession of the for-;
feited estates as an Irish gauger of a Tipperary;
es'ate in a year of famine, or a Church missionary.
of a living under the Neapolitan Government. nei
reports that the proclamation will give rise to will,
be endless. The British Government will be held;
up both as weak and rapacious ; as weak, in offere
inn the life it has not the power to. t tke ; as rap 1-i
cieus, in seizing estates to which it has no right.l
It will be industriously instilled into the ear 06
the Oude peasant that henceforth nothing he pos
sesses in his own—from the bullock with which hell
ploughs his land to the thatch with which he
covers his hut, all, he will be informed, have been
taken. But perhaps the Governor-General iS
in labour with a mighty scheme. It is not enough,
to have a tabula regal in the North- West Provinces
—it is not enough to have to built up there a news
system of land assessment—to erect a new scheme
of financial and judicial procedure ; therefore we
disorganise Oude, that small province, coutainiug
not more than five millions of inhabitants ; there
we render all property insecure, and add a slight
increment to our labours."

We have explained repeatedly that Mr. Card-
well's resolution is substantially an approval of
the Confiscation clause cf Lord Canning's procl i mar
tion. The light in which that clause is regarded in
India, and the effect it is producing on the native
mind, is placed beyond a doubt by the intelligence
received by last mail. The Confiscation clause is
teaching the natives to regard the British Govern-
ment as at once weak, unjust, and rapacious. It is
exciting and encouraging the Datives to war against
us " to the knife." It is sowing the seeds of anarchy
broadcast over India. The news that by adopting
Mr. Cardwell's resolution the House of Commons
has sanctioned the confiscation clause will augment
the anarchy in India, and confirm the hostile popu-
lations in their desperate resistance. It will inau-
gurate the direct rule of the Crown in India by an
act of cruel and wanton rapacity. Are the majority
of the House of Commons prepared to accept so
terrible a responsibibility merely to gratify the per-
sonal feelings of Lord Canning and his friends,
and the hunger for office of the Clanricardea,
Lowe, and Vernon Smiths ? Circumstances have
made the English Crown the paramount Power in
Hindostan ; is this opportunity of benefiting mil-
lions of our fellow-beings to be wantonly thrown
away to gratify the personal predilections or the
sordid yearnings after the emoluments of place of
a few individuals I If the majority of the House
of Commons are inaccessible to such considerations,
let them regard the consequences of their adopting
Mr. Cardwell's Resolution from a lower and mare
selfish point of view. The sanction of the Confis-
cation Clause in Lord Canning's Proclamation
means a renewal of the war in India with redoubled
inveteracy, at the commencement of the season
most deadly to Europeans. The sanction of the
Confiscation Clause means an immediate demand
for a quarter of a million of European troo
sfor
India, and a constant drain upon our population
to replace losses by sickness and battle
ranks for an indefinite period. Eve y soldier
"
sent to India costs at least 100/., and the price
will rise as the demand for them increases and
n their
continues. The sanction of the Confiscation Clause
and of
means the re-imposition of the Income-tax,
the war rates of Customs duties. Are the Liberal
Members of the litaise of Commons prepared to go
to the hustings as
the advocates of enormously in-
creased taxation, and of the denudation of this
country of soldiers
in the present unsettled state of
they prepared to enable
continental politics Are
tt
_
o he hustings as the
their political rivals to go
advocate of a just and policy
safe for India—of a
policv hich will keep dawn taxation and preserve
wthatwould
their families many lives otherwise
btoe sacrificed in the pestilential jungles of India ?
Already we hear names of mark in the House of
Commons freely mentioned, who, though they
cannot bring themselves to go against their political
friends, have made up their minds to resist being
dragged through the dirt as supporters of Mr. Card-
well's resolutions. These men are wise in their
generation, and the Liberal patty in general will
do well to ask themselves whether the voting of
augmented taxes is a prudent preparation on their

" "May 5.
1. You will have received ,(bY the mail of the
25th of March a letter front-the Secret Committei,
which has since been laid before us, respecting the
policy which it °becomes you to pursue: towards
those natives of India who have r,cently been
in
arms against the authority of the British. Groverti-
ment.
" 2. That letter emphatically confirms the prin-
ciples which you have alretdy adopted, as set forth
iep3rol. sptrioefty jeuflyp,nitsBisii74b, yafitTer.
olted provinces,. a course !iif
roil are exhorted to temper justice
hork
eeelwit policy your
conquest
i sueti epylsne:tgr
au],l
sentiments olufYi r: 1 ol
etfedt yet
elle4
a wise and disetiminatink
inlay, to gLant tcoastebseoitfatiuxqtureismheedet. imjni-
eallipexreacslelispeetdstillyby the Secret Committee
we entirely concur. While there are some crimes
which humanity calls upon-yoit- to punish with the
utm.,,st severity there are (Afters of a less aggra-
vated character which it Wotild be equally uniju4
e
and impolitic not to pardon and to forget.
ealoffareenocefsthwriee different
h which
kinds; Firstly,
high crimes, instigated. by maiee prepense, and
aggravated by trea,:heiy and cruelty. Secondly,
offences the re-uits rather of weakness than 'Of
malice, into which it is believed that.many have
been drawn by the contamination of example, by
will be called
you
u p
u 3
to Th©
the fear of opposing themselves to their more powetri
ful er 'Q,t,,cneer,4,or by the belief that they have
been compi.el fly-the acts of Melt! -agaoriatea;
rather than by any ac ire cL?e're to embarrinis the
existi42,' Goveractient. And, thirdly, offences of a
less positive character, amounting to little mere
than passive connivance at evil, or at most td the
act of giving such assistauci to the rebels-aR, if not
given, would have, been forcibly extorted, and
which in many cases it would have been death to
refuie tu bodiet-'of it_
and exasperated
mutineers.

"4. It is the first only of these offences the per,
petrators of which and their acTcomplices it will be
your duty to visit with the severest penalty which
you can inflict ; and it is happily in such cases of
exceptional atrocity that you will have the least
difficulty in p►oving both the elnimis,ion of the
offence and the identity of the offender. In, the
other cases you might often be left in doubt, not
oe,lyt•f the extent of the offence committed; but of
its actud commission by the accused persons ; and;
although we are aware that the retribudon which
may .1)3 righteously inflicted upon the guilty may
be in some measure restricted by too much nicety of
specific it ion, and that in dealing with ao large amass
of c,ime it is difficult to avoid the commission of
some acts of individual injustice, we may still ex-
press our desire that the utmost exertion may be
made tl confine within the smallest possible corn
press_ these
_cases of uncertain proof at.d dubious
Lleulity, even though your retributory measures
should thus fall short of what in strict justice might
be inflicted.

" 5. As soon as you have suppressed the active
ho,tility of the enemy you first carp will be restore-
Lion of public confidence. It will be your -privi-
lege, when the disorganised provinces shall no
lower I e convulsed by intestine disorder, to set an
example t f toleration and forbearance towards the
subject people, and to endeavour by every means
consistent with the secu:ity of the British empire
in the East to allay the irritation and suspicion
which, if stiffs? ed to reta;n possession of the minds
of the native awl European inhabitants of the coner
try, will eventually lead to nothing less calamitous
thin a war of races.

"6. In dealing with the people of Oude you
will doubtless be moved by special considerations
of justice and policy. Throughout the recent cow.
test we have ever regarded such of the inhabitants
of that country as, not being sepoys or pensioners
of our own army, have been in arms against us as
an exc 'ptiouable class. They cannot be considered
as traitots, or even rebels, for they had not pledged
their fidelity, and they had scarcely become our
sujects. Many, by the introduction of a new sys-
tem of government, had necessarily bean deprived
of the maintenance they had enjoyed,- and others
feared that the speedy loss of their means of sub-
.siatence must follow from the same course. It was
natural that such persons should avail themselves
of a e opportunity pcesentoil by thediStractedstate of
the country to strike a bllw for the restoration of the
native-rule under which the permitted diSengatli-
TA' ion of die country bad so long been to them a
source of unlawful profir. Neither the disbanded
soldiers of the late native government, nor the
great talookdars and their retainers, were under
any obligation of fidelity to our government for
benefits conferred upon them. You would be justi-
fied, therefore, in dealing with them as you Mould
with a foreign enemy, and in ceasing to consider
them ol jects of puutshauut after they have once
laid down their arms.

7. Of these arms they must for ere be deprived.
You will doubtless in prosecution of this object ad-
theirs yours lf, in the first instance, to the case of
the great talookdars, who so successfully defied the
late government, and many of whom, with large
bodies of armed men, appear to • have aided the
efforts of the mutinous soldiery of the Bengal
army. The de,t,uction of the fortified strongholds
of these powerful landholders, the forfeiture of
the r remaining guns, the disarming and disbanding
of ter followers, will be among your first works •,
but while you are depr:ving this influential and
once dangerous class of people of their power of
of enly resisting your authority, you will, we have
no doubt, exert ycinrs,2lvee by every possible means
to rt concile them to British rule, and encourage
them, by liberal arrangers-mts made in accordaribe
with ancie:.t usages, to become industrious agricul-
turists, and to employ in the cultivation of the soil
the men who, as armed retainers, have so long
wasted the substance of their masters and desolated
the l•tn d. We believe these landholders may be taught
that their holdings will be more profitable to them
u.: der a strong Government, capable of maintain-
ing the peace of the country and severely punish:leg
i.agrarian_ontrags, than under one which,perpetu-
ally invites, by its Weakness, the ruinous arbitra-
tion of the sword.

"8. Having thus endeavourd, on the re-estab-
lishment of the authority of the British Govern-
ment in Onde, to reassure the great landholders,
you will proceed to consider, in the same spirit of
tolerdt.on and forbearance, the condition of 'the
great body of the people. You will bear in mind
that it is necessary, in a transition state from one
Government to another, to deal tenderly with
existing usages, and sometimes even with existing
abus(s. All prec;pi•ate reforms are dangerous. it
is often wiser even to tolerate evil for a time than
to alarm and irrit.Lte the minds of the people by
the sudden introduction of changes which time can
alone teach them to appreciate, or even perhaps to
understand. You will be especially careful, in the
readjustment of the fiscal system of the province, to
avoid the imposition of unaccustomed taxes, whe her
of a general or of a local character, pressing heavily
oafdmthi
du
op on
notthees
tiirmidautsetri
thea l
srue scoceusrscfeual •
eniPs et
roll): ieon ofe
newly acquired province acccrding to the fin elicit'
results of the first few years. At such a time we
should endeavour to conciliate the people I,y wise
concessions, and to do nothing to encourage the
belief that the British Government is more covetous
of revenue than the native ruler whom it has sup-
planted."

Ria Excellency the Greek Minister has left London
where he intends making a short 041.
Excellency% absence, Mons. Gharilaus n-
Lnui route teh t
his
Paris,
'r S
cretary to the Hellenic Legation, officiates qv
coupi, ,
Charce d'Affaires.
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ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA,
COVENT-GARDEN.
THIS EVENING (TUESDAY), May 18, will be per-
forated (for the second time this season) Meyerbeer's Grand
Opera,