The Sun.
London, England, 1867-10-08 00:00:00

each community to manage its own affairs.
Whether Catholics understand or not that they
are protected in virtue of a fundamental rule of
the Mussulman religion and polity, the fact that
they do possess absolute liberty in the practice of
their religion and the management of their affairs
is so undoubted and so necessary to make known
at this moment, that we look upon the publication
of this Beret and the remarks that accompany it
as a matter of great importance. The Catholic
paper naturally uses the example of the Turks to
contrast with that of the so-called Christian kings
and people who are now occupied in dividing the
spoils of the Church, and who have proclaimed
as the great maxim for the future that the Church
is only to be occupied with the next world, and
forsakes its proper sphere when it attempts to teach
men anything about their conduct in the present ;
thus proclaiming, as the great discovery and glory
of " civilization and progress," that '• religion has
nothing to do with politics ;" from whence it fol-
lows that politics have nothing to do with religion.
The Beret is dated October 8, 1866. The fol-
lowing is the description given of it by the Unita
Cattolica :—The Sultan forbids any officer of the
Government " to oppose the least obstacle, or to
cause any difficulty, or to interfere in any way,
whether in the churches or the monasteries which
belong to the Patriarchate of Antioch for the
Syrians." He desires that the Catholic laws
which regulate marriage should be observed, and
that all questions which concern marriage, or sepa-
ration and divorce, should be decided by the patri-
arch or his vicars." The Sultan orders that " the
property of the Church and of the convents shall
be respected in all their integrity, and that no one
shall place them under tutelage or take them in
possession." He ordains that if a Catholic Syrian,
at the time of death, should " leave his goods to
the Church, the civil authority should cause the
testament to be executed." He orders that " Ca-
tholic Syrians shall make oath according to the
precepts of their religion." He forbids his gover-
nors to molest the patriarch, or to say to him,
" Place this priest in such a place ; confide this
Church to such another priest." He desires that

everything which belongs to the worship of God
" shall be free from taxes, and that no priest,
brother, or monk whatever can be arrested by the
police without the intervention of the patriarch.'
Finally, he ordains that "no person shall place
any obstacle to the free exercise of the Catholic
religion, either in the Churches or the Oratories

subject to the patriarchal jurisdiction, and that no
one shall say, You ought to celebrate funerals
or interments in such or such a manner, or you
ought to sing in one way rather than another.'
He also orders that no one shall be molested on
account of the colour or the form of his dress.' "

The Unita Cattolica prefaces the above descrip-
tion by the following anecdote :—" It is said that
one of the Eastern bishops who arrived for the
Centenary of St. Peter, addressed himself in these
terms to the Sovereign Pontiff : Most Holy Father,
there is still a Prince in the world who respects the
Catholic Church, its canons, its laws, and its minis-
ters, and this prince is the Grand Turk.' "

To this we will add other words which we know
to have been also spoken on that occasion by one
of the most eminent of the Eastern prelates :
" Our position in the Ottoman Empire cannot be
really known in Europe, or Christendom could not
act as it is doing. It is not only that we enjoy
perfect liberty and repose under the rule of the
Sultan, but for us there is no alternative between
that rule and the rule of the Czar—that is, be-
tween entire liberty for our religion, our manners,
our laws, and our language, and a rule which pro-
scribes our religion and forces the abandonment of
manners, language, and laws that are different
from its own."

The case of the Bulgarians is one which shows,
in the most striking manner, the antithesis that
exists between the rule of the Czar and that of the
Sultan.

The Bulgarians have been seeking, in recent
years, to escape from the oppression exercised over
them by the Greek bishops who hold from the
Patriarch of Constantinople. One result of this
feeling has been that a tendency towards the Church
of Rome arose, and even amongst the priests a
certain number sent an address to the Pope ac.
knowledging his supremacy.
Previous to this their desire to escape from Greek
domination had led to a proposition for joining the
Church of England, which was abandoned from the
fear that if they became members of it they would
be interfered with by the English Embassy at
Constantinople. They then turned to the Pope as
the head of a religion which was not that of their
oppressors, and which would not render them de-
pendent on a European Government.
So far, what we have to relate is generally known.
But what is not known is the mode in which the
Catholic movement has been arrested, and the hand
which has done it.

The leader of the Bulgarian Catholics was a bishop
named Joseph Sholkowski. This man is now a
prisoner in a Greek monastery in Russia, having
been carried off by treachery from Constantinople
to Odessa. This was managed in the following
manner : -The secretary of the Russian Ambassador
at Constantinople got hold of Sholkowski ; he pre-
tended to be his friend, and to sympathize with the
Bulgarians in their complaints against the Greek
Patriarch. He told him that the Ambassador was
also well disposed towards him, and at length
persuaded him to accept an invitation from the
Ambassador to breakfast with him at his palace at
Buyukdere, when he would have an opportunity of
laying before him the complaints of the Bulgarians.
The secretary, accordingly, went one morning to
fetch Sholkowski for this purpose, and to bring him
in a calque to Buyukde're. The morning chosen
was that on which the Russian packet starts for
Odessa. When the calque with Sholkowski arrived
in front of the palace, the steamer was lying off
shore, waiting, as is the practice, for the last
despatches from the Embassy. The Russian
secretary signed to the caicjis to row to the steamer
instead of the shore. When the bishop inquired
what this meant, he was told that the Ambassador
was on board the vessel, and would receive him
there. No sooner had he placed his foot on the
deck than the packet started for Odessa. When
the vessel arrived there, and the authorities ob-
jected to receive him without a passport, the captain
produced an official letter by which he was to be
handed over to the Russian Governor. This was
accordingly done, and he was at once despatched
to Kieff and shut up there in a monastery.
These particulars are taken from the mouth of
one of those who were in daily communication with
Joseph Sholkowski.

Not long after the departure of the vessel, his
friends discovered that he was missing, and at once
telegraphed to the Papal consul at Odessa to make
inquiries. From him they learned that he had been
seen to land at Odessa, and the particulars of his
subsequent fate. He has also been since visited in
disguise by one of his Bulgarian flock, who had
from his own mouth the assurance that he remained
firm in his faith, and had been deceived into in-
tercourse with the Russian Ambassador in the
manner above narrated.

The Turkish authorities, it appears, were not
informed of these particulars ; they were told that
Sholkowski had gone to Russia of his own will,
and believed that he had been induced to do so
by bribery.

But it will be asked what was the attitude of the
Porte in reference to the Catholic tendencies of
the Bulgarians ? It remained entirely neutral. Here
we can quote an official statement. In a paper
drawn up by the Turkish Government, called
" Considerations on the Execution of the Imperial
Finnan of the 18th Feb., 1856," the following
passage occurs :—" This respect for the immunities
which were granted al) antiquo to the advantage
of the Christian communities has not always per-
mitted the Sublime Porte to act in accordance with
the wishes of its non-Mussulman subjects, especially
with respect to the people of Bulgaria, who have
for so many years been struggling to expel the
Greek clergy from their national churches. In
spite of its sincere wish to attend to their aspira-
tions, the Imperial Government has been obliged
to remain a spectator of the efforts of its Bulgarian
subjects in the matter above mentioned, through
fear of diminishing the authority ( f the Greek

Patriarch at Constantinople and of encroaching on
his prerogatives, among which is counted the right
of naming the heads of the Bulgarian Church."

"Miscellaneous Foreign News.

The American Legation at Constantinople has
obtained from the Porte the satisfaction demanded
by the United States for the grievances complained
of by the American Consulate in the Island of Crete,
but which had excited scarcely any attention in
America.

Admiral Farragut, Captain Le Roy, Flag-Com-
mander Lieutenant Watson, and Mr. Kane, naval
aide-de-camp, accompanied the Board of Admiralty
in the annual visit to inspect the Chatham Dock-
yard. The Hercules, now about two-thirds com-
pleted, was the great object of interest. The
Monarch was also carefully viewed, and other ves-
sels on the slips. Captain Scott's model for train-
ing the 18-ton guns was minutely examined, as
well as the models of the turrets of the Monarch.
The American sailors investigated them with much
interest. After spending a long day, Admiral Far-
ragut and the American officers embarked in the
Wildfire steamer and proceeded by railway to
London.

The field of the celebrated battle of Antietam is
now the site of a National Cemetery. It was there
in September, 1862, that M'Clellan, pushing up
from Washington, cut through General Lee's army
in its advance on Pennsylvania. M'Clellan had
just sustained his tremendous defeats before Rich-
mond, and the Confederates flushed with victory,
and in great strength, had undertaken to carry the
war into the enemy's country. Exactly half a
decade had passed when all eyes were again turned
'to that historical spot, to witness a ceremony which
in itself was a record of the triumph of the North.
On the grass were gathered the President, Secretary
Seward, Secretary M'Culloch, Secretary Welles,
Postmaster-General Randall, the Attorney-General,
the British Secretary of Legation, the French
Minister and French Secretary of Legation, the
Russian Minister and Russian Secretary of Lega-
tion, the Spanish Minister, and Spanish Secretary
of Legation, the Italian Minister and Italian Secre-
tary of Legation, the Austrian Charg6 d'Affaires,
and several other members of the diplomatic body,
beside twelve State governors, many distinguished
military officers, a large number of prominent citi-
zens and official 3, several hundred soldiers, and
many citizens—in all about 15,000 people. The
brilliancy of the ceremony was marred by the
weather, the rain falling heavily and uninter-
ruptedly. The proceedings opened with prayer,
followed by a hymn, when the corner-stone of the
soldiers' monument was laid according to the for-
mula of the Freemasons. Ex-Governor Bradford
delivered an address, when a poem was read, and
the proceedings concluded with a few remarks from
the President. After the ceremony ended, on a
call from the people, Governor Geary, of Pennsyl-
vania, and Governor Fenton, of New York, de-
livered speeches.

General Butler finds that his fellow-countrymen
are more honest than he had any idea of. He
thought to make political capital by joining the
Democratic " hue and cry" against the national debt.
He finds that he has excited only disgust, and
almost universal condemnation by the press of his
party, led by the New York Tribune. He has sent
to the Evening Post a letter explanatory of his con-
versation with the Boston Advertiser reporter. He
urges the essential difference between his scheme
and that of Mr. PENDLETON. There is a vast dif-
ference in the ruin that would be wrought—the
Pendleton plan annihilating all debt in the United
States, and the Butler plan only depriving the bond-
holders of millions ; yet morally there is no differ-
ence, the country merely securing for itself the
same amount of dishonour, but not the same amount
of gain.

The Nation gives a sketch of Mr. Bickley's
career, the personage, as it says, who now styles
himself Attorney-General. It is said that he
first appeared in Washington as a portrait-painter,
then land agent, next writer for newspapers, fail-
ing that (the resort of the destitute), a clerkship
in a Government office. After a great many winds and
shifts, he cut into law, which he appears finally to
have discovered to be the correct thing, although
at first a failure. as he had only one eaR., wh;(4, kr,
judiciously withdrew from court. Suddenly he
emerged, coming out in a blaze of light as legal
adviser of the Executive of the United States, being
selected by Mr. Johnson as Acting-Attorney-Gene-
ral, and on his shoulders fell, in Mr. Stanbery's
absence, the work at a most critical period. He has
lately left Washington on his recreation tour, Mr.
Stanbery having again got into harness, and it must
be a great consolation to the Acting-Attorney-Gene-
ral to find that his arduous duties have excited the
attention of thecountry, and that the hosts of friends
he has made are engaged in the agreeable occupa-
tion of looking up his past career. The Nation
says his rise resembles the rise of a grand vizier at
an Oriental Court rather than that of a Christian
lawyer, and it forms perhaps the most singular in-
cident of Mr. Johnson's singular Administration.
Perhaps Blacque Bey, the Turkish Minister, may
have had his eyes on him when he congratulated the
country to which he was accredited, on the similarity
of its institutions, to that he represented. "We
doubt," adds the Nation, " if a parallel can be found
in the history of any civilised State." Bickley is a
jack-of-all-trades, who has been everything by
turns and nothing long, but the Nation should re-
member that if he be wanting in jurist lore, such
training must at least have given him a wide expe-

rience.
The Wanderer of last Saturday evening says :--
"The Customs and Commercial Convention be-
tween Austria and Hungary treats the whole mo-
narchy as one common customs territory without
any division. Future commercial treaties with
foreign powers will require the sanction of the Cis-
Leithan and Trans-Leithan Ministries and Legisla-
tures. All Austrian ships will carry the same flag.
The representation of maritime interests, as well as
the consular system, will henceforth be considered
as common affairs,' and placed under the juris-
diction of the Foreign-office. There will be one
coinage and one gold standard for both portions of
the empire." The duration of the treaty is to be
ten years.
The steamer Deutschland, of the Hamburgh and
New York line, was the scene of a distressing acci-
dent on Sunday, the 15th September. It is usual for
the vessels on their arrival from Europe to fire a
salute. As the ship rounded to her moorings, the
guns were discharged, when one burst. About 200
passengers were at the time gathered on the deck.
The heads of two were blown overboard, an-
other crushed to pieces, and two of the gunners
were seriously injured. The names of the victims
are Frederick W. Hammer, William Gege, and Fre-
derick Matheke.
Much discontent has been excited at Richmond
Virginia, by allowing the blacks to vote on the
question of subscribing $2,000,000 to the capital
stock of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad. The
proposed road will place the West in direct com-
munication with the seaport, to the great benefit of
Ri-Amond. But those most interested do not con-
sider that city in a position to incur such liability.
General Scholefield, to whom application was made
by those who wished to carry the measure, ordered
the polls to be opened to all qualified by regi,tra-
tion. The result was a majority of 2,000; the
negroes to a man voting in favour of the railway.
The legality of the vote is contested, on the ground
that the Reconstruction Acts allow negroes only to
vote for the election of an officer ; also, that regis-
tration is not complete till the list is revised.
The Ministry of New Dominion have been suc-
cessful in the elections, having secured 115 mem-
bers against 66 in Opposition, giving the Govern-
ment a working majority of 49. The Boston Com-
mercial Bulletin advocates the renewal of the Reci-
procity Treaty, a subject it considers of vital interest
to the New England States, which in common with
Canada have seriously suffered from the abrogation
of the treaty. It says :
" The experience of the last two years has fully demon-
strated the cogency of the reasons urged by this and other
commercial papers against such political action (the treaty
abrogation) as a matter of policy and sound political eco-
nomy. If it was designed as a punishment to our neigh-
bours for their misplaced sympathies during our domestic
struggle, it is one which has recoiledupon our own heads.
The injury has boeu to some extent mutual, but eircura-

stances connected with our currency and foreign commerce
have afforded thorn a greater compensation for the loss of
our trade than we have been able to obtain in other
quarters."

The tariff is likely to furnish a subject of dispute,
which may split sections of the Union and parties more
effectually than any other question. Speaking gene-
rally, the West will be opposed to New England and
Pennsylvania and the Republican party divided on
the subject. Senator Grimes, of lowa, has written
to the managing committee of his (the Republican)
party that four-fifths of the Republicans of the
State agree with him in opposing protection, as
well as the majority of the members of Congress
from the North-West. lle says that an overwhelm-
ing majority in lowa will be against an increase of
the present tariff, the highest ever known in a civi-
lised country. The intelligent people of lowa are
unwilling to destroy their revenue by a prohibitory
tariff on imports, only to impose new and addi-
tional direct taxes upon their own domestic pro-
ducts to supply the deficiency.
The registration in the State of Mississippi out
of 29 counties gives 28,923 whites to 31,542 negroes,
being a black majority of 2,619 ; but the white
predominating in the other counties may give the
ultimate majority in their favour. In Florida, so
far, the return stands 3,734 whites to 9,998 coloured.
General Scholefield has called an election in Vir-
ginia for the 22d October, notwithstanding the
President's express wish to give a further period for
registration. In Louisiana the Republican parish
conventions have nominated negroes for the State
convention, and a negro judge presided at the Re-
corder's Court at New Orleans on Sept. 18-
The yellow fever continues to rage with great
violence in the Gulf cities, several officers having
fallen victims. At Houston, Texas, there has been
at least 1,000 cases, and 10 to 15 deaths daily. At
New Orleans on the 14th and 15th Sept. 103 per-
sons died. At Pensacola, Florida, there were 223
cases. The fever has not yet reached Mobile, but
a number of the officials in fear of its advent have
fled from the town. At Galveston nearly all busi-
ness was suspended. Urgent appeals had been
made to the North, and at Boston and New York
funds are being rapidly raised.
There is no news by cable from America, except
the arrival of the ocean steamers, the price of gold,
5-20 Bonds, &c. It was telegraphed from New
York, at 6 p.m., Oct. 1, that no European news
had there been received since Saturday at noon.
This gives an interval of three days and six hours,
a considerable period for the press of the United
States, usually so abundantly supplied through the
cable, to be without European intelligence. Gold
remains stationary, but there is a slight decline in
5-20 Bonds, consequent, we presume, on the drop
in the European markets. For that drop Messrs.
Butler, Pendleton, and Thaddeus Stevens, in some
measure, are answerable. It is far easier for people
to do Larm than good.
The committee of investigation appointed by the
proprietors of the Atlantic and Great Western Rail-
way have furnished a report so clear that there can
be no further misunderstanding regarding the affairs
of this road. As we have always affirmed, the road
is intrinsically valuable, requiring time and an

honest management to make it profitable. The
committee admit that the condition of the property
was even worse than they had anticipated. The
railway was not thoroughly completed ; earth works,
embankments, and cuttings too narrow; some val-
leys crossed by trestles, ballast and workshops in-
sufficient, working equipment too heavy for super-
structure, the renewal, maintenance, and repairs being
deferred had rapidly deteriorated, and were in a bad
condition. The estimate to put the way in repair was
about $2,600,000. On the Ist April the line had
passed into the hands of a receiver, Major. General
B. Potter, and a new and more satisfactory admini-
stration commenced. The committee propose to
defer paying interest on the First Divisional Bonds
for two years, on the Second for three years, and on
the Consolidated Bonds for four years from the
31st March last. It is supposed that the road will
then be in a perfect condition without a floating lia-
bility of any kind. Mr. M‘llenry expressed his
willingness to accept an arrangement proposed by
the committee. That the report was considered
favourable may be gathered from the rise in price
which has taken place in the Bonds. It will no
cluubt pay flavor, livil ,au apirVi. a lA/ walV.

The long-impending panic seems to have culmi-
nated on the Paris Bourse on Wednesday in a scene
of indescribable confusion. The streets of London
presented a strange spectacle on the 11th of May,
1866, but a panic-stricken English mob is a quiet
orderly gathering when compared with a panic-
stricken French mob. Cape: Court is closed to the
public, while the Bourse is an open market. Men
are described as " rushing wildly about in quest of
their brokers with shouts to sell at any price—the
brokers themselves closely hemmed in by the frantic
crowd round the corbeille, screaming themselves
hoarse—the vast multitude all around surging to
and fro, and yelling offers of Rente, of Italians, of
everything—made up a spectacle the like of which
has not been often seen. At about 2 o'clock there
was a moment's lull, caused by the appearance of
the commissary of police, who is supposed to pre-
serve order in the financial Pandemonium." It was
known that Court personages had been selling
largely, and men's minds became disquieted. The
embarrassed position of that great institution, the
Credit Mobilier, added to the uneasiness. All
tended in the direction of the panic, the storm
Sympathy under
a. Sympathy
contagious,
snue
eche s s ac
irryc
u tomeslteaanrc the ai
st mionsdpehseerrei
affecting even the spectator, who has nothing to
lose or gain. When the mass are in this highly
electric state a baseless report causes an explosion,
and there are hundreds whose interest it is to make
that explosion as violent as possible. " Bears,"
who had sniffed the coming storm, reap a rich
harvest. They have sold everything, and it is their
object to buy for delivery at the lowest price. We
may then easily conjecture who were the circulators
of the wild rumours, and who the gainers were by
the panic which ensued. " The Emperor was
seriously ill. The Emperor was disquieted by the
aspect of the political horizon. The Emperor
found it necessary to cut short his sea-side vaca-
tion. He was making his way back to Paris with
the utmost speed. He had summoned Moustier ;
he had dismissed Rouher ; he was closeted with
Lavalette ; he had sent for Drouyn de Lhuys. The
Peace-Minister was dismissed ; the War-Counsellor
was in favour ; the crisis portended a turn in the
Roman policy ; it boded an open quarrel with
Germany.' Moreover, the telegraph reported ' a
rising in Rome ; an attack on the Papal frontier ;
riots throughout Italy ; Rattazzi suing for a closer
alliance with. France ; Rattazzi plotting for a secret
understanding with Prussia ;' and, to crown all,
an altercation between General Fleury and Count
Bisnaark."

The Hamburg- American Steampacket Com-
pany's steamship Bavaria, Capt. Meyer, from Ham-
burg on the Ist inst., left Southampton for New
Orleans yesterday, the 4th. She took out a full
large cargo, complement of first cabin and a considerable num-
ber of steerage passengers, and a
in-
cluding 26,230 francs value of
&c., from
Ifavre. This steamer is the pioneer of a regular
line to run between Hamburg and New Orleans, call-
ing at Southampton on the outward voyage, and off
Cowes to land mails, passengers, specie, &c., on the
homeward voyage. The s.s. Teuto7zia, Captain F.
Bardua, will follow, leaving Hamburg on the Ist
and Southampton on the 4th November. These
steamers are to leave New Orleans on the home-
ward voyage on the 15th November and December
respectively.
General Hancock arrived at Washington on
Wednesday, the 18th Sept. General Sheridan had
reached Cincinnati on his way there, and General
Sickles had been ordered to report to the War
Department immediately. It was said that this
gathering of prominent generals at Washington

had not been by order of the President, but had
been a matter of some surprise to him.
The East India railways are revealing a trait of
native character. In no country in the world is
there a greater difficulty of obtaining pukkur, that
is, good work. The dread of punishment will not
prevent a native from stamping, and the frightful

exposure and demoralising influence of the cli-

mate interfere with duo supervision. Thus the
necessary superintendence is wanting where it is

most required, and the bridges,:viaducts, and earth.
works, are tumbling down. It is well for the pro-
prietors that they are secured by a Government
guarantee.

SPEECH OF THE BISHOP OF ORLEANS
AT MALINES.

(Concluded.)

I have another point to remark, which is par-
ticularly necessary for all of us to remember—for
it applies pre-eminently to our age at this moment.
We have lost the true meaning of words in this
day of enlightenment and progress : " Vera verum
nomina jamdudum amissimus." This is a momen-
tous truth, which true philosophy and Christianity
both agree as to its importance. The greatest and
the noblest wealth man possesses consists in things,
ideas, and words : things, whether natural or super-
natural ; ideas, whether natural or revealed, which
represent things ; and, lastly, words that express
ideas. Now, when we do not keep to the sense of
words, but apply them to ideas and things that
are not worthy of them, or adapt the language of
our adversaries, we really commit one of the
greatest faults which the friends of truth can be
guilty of. The last century showed us the abuse
of certain words, and our nineteenth century has
not been behindhand in misapplying terms and
words most grievously. I will name three words
which have been strangely perverted and used
against us, and that by our fault. They called
themselves, we allowed them to be so called, and
thirdly, we call them so ourselves—Reformers,
Philosophers, and Liberals. Reformers ! Let us
see who they were. The apostate Luther, who
ran away with a nun, and Calvin, who allowed
himself two or three such companions as a
Colampadius, a Buer, a Zwingle, a Theodore of
Beza, a curious set of men to reform a Church,
whose lives were one common tale of luxury and
infamy, ending like a comedy in a marriage, and
full of scenes that would disgrace a novel. These
men understood one thing, just that of which we
are speaking, how to give false names and to de-
ceive the unwary ; thus they called themselves
reformers, and the Church Babylon. Their real
name is the one we give them ; they protest against
the doctrines of the Church, and are decidedly and
deservedly Protestants ; but to give the name of
reformers to the offsprings of Luther and Calvin is
what I will never do. But what is, at least, as
extraordinary is the abuse of the word " Liberal "
and " Libdraux " (which in France answers to our
appellative of Revolutionary and Republican in
its worst form). Why, gentlemen, if Bossuet,
Fdnelon, and Bourdalone, whose language was so
pure, so strong, so clear, could rise up and come
among us now, they would not understand their
own countrymen ; they would inquire of us what
has become of that beautiful French in which they
wrote, and which they left us as a heritage. Analyse
the word " Liberal"—what does it mean ? It means

a man of enlarged mind—a noble-hearted man—a
man who will not refuse to give his adversaries the
same justice, the same fairness he claims for him-
self ; and it is in this sense that all true Catholics
are true " Liberals." But is it possible that we
calmly stand by and see this glorious name usurped
by all those whose aim is to separate liberty from
justice, who go to work, per fas et nefas, by vio-

lence, perfidy, spoliation, and robbery—whose first
thought and deed is to commence their liberalisme
by oppression and spoliation of the Church's goods ?
Ah, these " Lib6raux " I would condemn and
wither with their true name ; as St. Peter said
of such, " They have nothing but the name, they
wear it as a mask," habentes velamen malitice liberta-
tern. I saw the other day the name of " Liberal "
given to Juarez—a man who is the opprobrium of
every society, of whom even the savage nations
speak with horror ; but really it is enough to make
one lose one's senses. Garibaldi—he, too, they must
needs call a " Liberal." Listen to a discourse he
made to the students of Pavia :—" Friends "—my
children, even he said—for you must know he at
times becomes very paternal, and I have heard he
administers baptism in the name of La Patrie.
Well, his first phrase on this occasion was—" We
must eradicate the priestly vampire ; we must dash
out the brains of the priests against the stones."
This is to be " Liberal_" lint 9 'Mr.
who throw stones in Portugal at the noble Sisters
of Charity, and those of this country who make a
boast of insulting them are all " Liberaux !" No !
I say it is intolerable. To use words in this per-
verted sense is to falsify the tongue, to dishonour
truth, and to ruin the heart; and on no considera-
tion whatever ought we to give such names to
such men. (Loud cheers, long and enthusiastic.)
And if I wrote in the Belgian press never could
I lend my pen to such an aberration. The same
folly pervaded the eighteenth century; they gave
the noble name of philosophers to the worst of men
—the Helvetins, the Holbachs, the La Mettrus,
and a crowd of their fellows, among whom there
was neither sense nor one spark of the fire of true
philosophy. And Christianity, gentlemen, how did
they call it ? You have the villainous reproach of
a villain—Voltaire—who said—" Friends, let us
crush this villany," and who at this moment is
ignorant of the ignominious epithets by which the
priesthood is designated—the fools, the I knaves,
the imbeciles. Worse and worse. It is in honour
of this coryphce of impiety and immorality that in
this nineteenth century it is contemplated to erect
a monument ! A statue ! A statue to Voltaire ! If
it is executed—and it will be, for every thing is
possible—l would say they have raised a statue to
" villany personified." Yes, the Bishop of Orleans
and of Joan of Arc can say nothing else. And
should the descendants of this unworthy man de-
sire me to do it, I will give them proofs of my
assertion, should it even cost me a lawsuit. Yes,
there is here an intolerable violation of good sense,
justice, and, I will add, of the honour of every
Frenchman. But I must turn from this odious
abuse of words and language; and, I will repeat,
we must have a struggle. Let us undertake it
courageously, with devotedness for the cause, with
intelligence, laboriously, prudently, but also with
moderation, and, above all, oh, above all, with
charity, with love. What did our Lord say to
the Apostles—" I send you as lambs in the midst
of wolves." You will, very likely, tell me I hardly
practise the Christian principle in using the vitupe-
rative language I have done ; but I answer, I am angry
when I thin k of these crying and growing indignities,
and I recall these words of Scripture : " Trasci-
mini et nolite peccare." We may go as far as
indignation when it is needful, but not so as to
sin. No ; we must not forget St. Ambrose's
words : " Be athletes of the Church, but only for
her defence, and never let it be said of us that we
attack save to defend "—" Propugnatores, non
Impugnatores." But I conclude, gentlemen, and
my last words will express the last impression that
this vast assembly makes upon me. After the most
perfect work of the hand of God, the angels, shall
I tell you what it is that fills my heart most
vividly ? It is that glorious feeling of love which
Almighty God has placed as a focus of living fire
in each man's breast. Well, gentlemen, you your-
selves, this immense concourse, these looks that
beam from all sides, the acclamations which come
from the innermost soul, these hands ready to catch
the first dawn of every true and generous sentiment
almost before it comes to light—do you know what
it is that makes this so beautiful in my sight? It
is purely because that is love. You love, and love
a noble truth. It is even a sublime object you
love. You love your Church, your mother.
(Cheers, and yes, yes, from all sides.) And you
do well to give all your love, to love the greatest,
the purest, and most generous love itself, for the
Church ; and this is the reason why we must all
love her, she is the society of souls. Yes, by the
Grace of God, there is in the Church and by the
Church a society of souls. She is in the world, but
not of the world. She lives by faith, hope, and
charity, or love, but much more by charity. The
greatest of these, says the Apostle, is charity, and
you do well to love it. Heaven is the Church's
home, and country, and native land. She has the
King of Heaven for her Father, Jesus Christ is her
Spouse, the Holy Spirit is her life's blood. She
has priests, temples, and altars. In her we find a
Divine Constitution, placed on an immovable rock,
governed by supreme authority, delegated by
devoted Vontifffa, obeyed by a docile family, faith-

• ful ministers, and, above all, what we do not find
• anywhere else under the sun, she has her rights
respected and duties accomplished. (Loud cheers.)
Travelling on here, she sings as she goes on songs
that both strengthen and comfort her; but, descend-
ing from Calvary, no song is to her so acceptable
as the hymn of the Cross, for she says exultingly,
" God forbid that I should glory save in the Cross
of the Lord Jesus." She meets with strange looks
and cold words, sometimes with enemies and perse-
cutors—aye, even bloody executioners—and these
she meets ever and anon. And even should she
find peace and consolation on her path, there is
always a chosen spot upon the earth, where she
can suffer—where the mysterious providence of
God which watches over her reserves a cross
especially for her to bear, in order that the palm
of victorious confessor, and the crown of noble
martyrs shall never be wanting to her glory. Such
is the Church ! And is it not that we have so
lately witnessed with our eyes at Rome ? It was
there and then in spite of all the demons let loose
upon her, she sat calm and dignified, secure and
peaceful, drawing out of her very trials the strength
and courage to brave future dangers. It was grand
to see five hundred of bishops—some who had come
from far distant climes at a generous sacrifice and
at much cost, and thousands of priests—all these
souls, and that of the immortal Pontiff, our com-
mon father, in one vivid, tender, indissoluble unity;
and if you will consider that you and all the faith-
ful are each and every one represented by your
bishops and pastors, you Catholics of all the earth
were united in that great assembly. Show me, I
ask, where you can find unity like this ? This is
the invincible, yet peaceful strength of the Church.
When I saw there our revered bishops of America,
and there were, I think, thirty-five, I remembered
that at the commencement of this century there
was not one Catholic bishop in the whole of that
vast continent; and now, since the last council at
Baltimore, they have petitioned of the Holy Father
the erection of twenty-two more bishoprics, which
are, of course, in the way of being granted.
(Bravo, bravo, on all sides.) You see the fecun-
dity of this Church of Jesus Christ after eighteen
centuries of struggles and victories. See what a
cause you have engaged in ; see of who you are the
children. Yes, it is always so in the midst of the
most imminent peril ; all on a sudden you see the
Church unaccoutered, without arms or ammuni-
tion—by a word, a look, a gesture, some magna-
nimous act, reveals at once her divine strength.
For instance, that grand resolve of the Sovereign
Pontiff, that solemn announcement of the (Ecume-
nical Council to be held, I confess I never was more
struck by the conviction of the ever-presiding
presence of the Spirit of God over His Church,
than when I saw with what power from on high,
the august shepherd of the flock of Christ, not-
withstanding all the shackles with which he has
been threatened, go straight to the work of God.
The earth is tottering under his feet; nations are
trembling at his position ; on all sides—" Contur-
batoe sungentes inclinata sunt regna ;" and, con-
fident in the immortat destiny of the Church, he
convokes his grand work, announces a Council,
proclaims to the whole Episcopato not only the
utility, but the necessity of a Council—" Perutite
uno necessarium." They will meet then again
around the Chair of St. Peter, and more numerous
than before. The great voice of the Catholic
Church assembled will speak by the mouth of the
supreme chief. He will send forth words which
[shall give life to us, and also to our separated
brethren, less distant from us than they think,
though still too far. The voice of the Holy Spirit
shall turn many hearts to the truth and soften
many asperities ; and we shall see many among
those who, out of ignorance, repulse the Church,
re-enter her bosom ; and we shall witness another
great stride towards the accomplishment of those
Divine words, " There shall be one fold, one Shep-
herd, and one flock "—" Unum ovile et unus
Pastor."

KING 7IIEODORE.

The character of Theodore, Emperor of Abyssinia,

has become a subject of grave interest to the British

people. It is probable that on the individual quail-
rips: nF thaf. mnn avill tarseria 'sr

which the English are about to engage. When
Ilas-
Ali ruled at Debra Tabor about the year 1850, as
Grand Vizier of the Emperor in seeming, but in reality
as absolute monarch, a young man of humble birth
named Dedjatz Kaisai, was deputed, under super-
vision of the Queen, to govern certain provinces,
near Sennaar. Kaisai was King Theodore in em-
bryo, impressed with the conviction that he was
destined for a great career. At Sennaar he attached
to himself a following, when he revolted against the
Queen and defeated the forces she employed to sub-
due him. While in open rebellion he managed to
blind Ras-Ali to his real intentions. Eventually he
presented himself at Debra Tabor, where he per-
suaded the potentate that he was his faithful ser-
vant, and the Queen the true enemy of the State.
After carrying on his intrigues for two or three
years he openly rebelled against the Ras,
and in several actions defeated the troops despatched
against him. In a final engagement, fought in the
open plain, to which he had challenged the royal
army, he broke the power of Ras-Ali, when he
aspired to the supreme authority. Übye, chief of
Tigre, was his formidable rival, and in 1854 he con-
sented to refer his claims to the council of notables,
binding himself by oath to accept the decision. He
brought a brain as clever in intrigue as in war into
play, and by pitting the Roman Jesuit Bishop
Jacobus against the Coptic Abuma Abba Salama,
who favoured his rival, he eventually brought both
the prelates to his feet. In 1855 Abba Salama
crowned him Emperor, under the title of King of
Kings of Ethiopia. It was then that Consul Plow-
den, who had been despatched to Abyssinia by the
Foreign Office, wrote of him in terms of the highest
admiration. He reformed the administration, de-
priving the feudal chiefs of despotic power, and
placing the country under responsible government.
He suppressed the slave trade, and introduced decent
habits into Abyssinian society, and altogether gave
hopes of a brilliant and useful reign. He ap-
pears, however, to have had a taint of madness,
which began to display itself. This was first
shown in a pride which betrayed him into excessive
follies. Thinking himself sent by God at first for
the blessing and regeneration of the country he
afterwards changed his mind, and became impressed
with the conviction that God had employed him as
a scourge to Abyssinia. After his last great victory
in 1861 he announced to the assembled clergy at
Axum that he had made a bargain with God.
" He (God) has promised," said Theodore, " not
to descend on earth to strike me, and I have pro-
mised not to ascend to heaven to fight with him."
The Spectator, from which we have obtained most
of these facts, says—" Since the date of the above
impious and insane remark the character of King
Theodore's administration has completely changed,
and all the old evils of the land have returned in an
exaggerated form. The country is delivered up to
a licentious soldiery, and the most fearful cruelties
are everywhere perpetrated. The Negus now be-
lieves it his mission to be a curse and a scourge to
his rebellious people, and he executes it with all the
energy of his character. He has given the pre-
tender to the throne, Tadela Gwala, an excellent
opportunity of rearing his head, and recent advices
make it extremely probable that King Theodore's
race is nearly run."
A letter from Lieutenant Prideaux was published
yesterday in the Pall Mall Ga.zette. It is dated
Magthla, July 21, 1867. The King had proceeded
on a foray to a distant part of his empire, where he
had plundered the property of the Church. The
rebel peasantry infest the country, actually
attacking the royal camp and murdering every
straggling soldier. The European prisoners were
well treated, except Mr. Moritz, who offended his
Majesty, and was cast into the common gaol with
the native prisoners. The five Europeans who at.
tempted their escape are in chains, and the six
servants captured with them have been cut up
by the King's order. In six weeks his Majesty
has butchered 3,000 soldiers and peasants. The
villagers in the country attacked were burnt in
their houses, and whereever he meets a wayfarer
he orders him to be despatched, with the remark
" that he Lao no business to be knocking about."