The Sun.
London, England, 1867-09-13 00:00:00

PAPER IN JAPAN.

The two Japanese botanists, Tanaka and Ye-
koussima, whose communication to the Socidte
d'Acclimatation on dry rice fields we mentioned some
time ago, have recently sent in another on the plants
used in their native country for making paper.
The most important of these is the matsoo mata,
or " three-branched shrub" (Daphne papyrifera),
which does not grow wild. The seeds of this
plant are gathered in May or June ; they are mixed
with earth, then put into a sack, and in this
state deposited in a corn-pit, in order to protect
them from cold and rain. In the month of March
following a field is manured and got ready for them,
and they are sown at once, if the weather be not
too cold. These shrubs may also be propagated by
cuttings, but sowing is far preferable. The seeds
germinate in May. If the young plants are too
close together they are thinned by pulling up a
few, and the field is then watered with liquid
manure. On the return of winter the young
plants, which have grown by this time to the height
of about two feet, must be preserved from frost
by straw, mats, etc. In the second year the shrubs
are transplanted to some sunny sloping site, and iu
the third year the cutting off of the twigs begins,
and is continued every succeeding year. There are
other plants, respectively called gampi. and /calla-
nokee, also used for paper. The twigs of all these
plants are made up into bundles and exposed to the
action of steam. As soon as the bark will peel off,
the bundles are taken away and stripping com-
mences. The bark thus obtained is exposed to
the sun till it becomes friable, when it is laid
by in a dry place till wanted. In order to
manufacture paper with it it is put into water, or,
better still, exposed to a stream of running water,
then pounded to a pulp, which is spread out on a
hurdle made of bamboo. By a sort of see-saw
motion given to this hurdle the fibres contained in
the pulp gradually spread themselves out longitudi-
nally, which imparts considerable strength to the
paper. The latter is sized with gum extracted
' from amaryllis and other plants, and left to dry on
polished slabs.

=4, t
n

HER MAJESTY.

BALMORAL, Sept. 11.
The Queen went out yesterday morning, accom-
panied by Princess Christian and Princess Louise ;
and in the afternoon drove out with Princess Chris-
tian, attended by the Hon. Lady Biddulph.
Princess Louise went out riding, attended by LadY
Churchill.

Mr. and Lady Frances Baillie arrived at the
Castle yesterday, on a visit to her Majesty.

,§1-

ROYAL PRESENT.—The Queen has sent to Air.
Lionel Moore, second secretary of her Majesty's Embassy
here, for presentation to the Sultan's son, Prince Izzedie,
a very handsome album, containing photographic por-
traits of all the members of the English Royal family,
with the following inscription on the fly-leaf in her Ma-
jesty's handwriting : " To his Imperial Highness Yous-
souf Izzedin Effendi, an affectionate souvenir from the
Queen of England, Victoria."—Lerant Herald.

THE MIDLAND RAILWAY COLLISION•

On Wednesday afternoon an inquest was held at
the Midland Railway Hotel, Peak Forest, respecting
the death of the girl who was killed in consequence
of the collision in Peak Forest tunnel.

The first witness was William Townsend, the
stationmaster at Peak Forest. He said the telegraph
indicated that the up line was clear at about 5.20
p.m. on Monday. He heard a signal bell ring, but
he did not know what for. William Knight, the
signalman, and witness then went and had tea
together, and after about a quarter of an hour's
absence Knight returned to the signal box, and
shortly after witness was told that a collision
had occurred in the tunnel. He went to the tunnel,
and found that the report was true.
The signalman, William Knight, was next called.
He said he received a signal about half- past five on
Monday from Chapel-en-le-Frith, indicating that
a train was coming on the up line. He at once
blocked it, thus giving the signalman at Chapel in-
timation that the telegram was received. The sta'
tionmaster had called him to take a note to a man
in the limestone siding. He left the signal box for
that purpose, and was away about three minutes. fie
then came back to the station and got his tea, and
afterwards went into the box and found the
signal at "line blocked ;" and noticing
that the
needle was being shaken from Chapel-en-le-Frith,
witness thought they wanted it unblocking. 110
thought the signalman at Chapel had changed his
mind, and wanted the line unblocking, as there was
no train due. Witness consequently pulled the peg
out, but at the same time he did not knock " Line
clear." Witness then shook both the handles to see
whether the signalman at Chapel would say al'
thing, but no reply was sent. So witness blocked
it up again, and heard no more till he was informed
of the accident. Had been signalman about 3
month, and was previously a gentleman's servant.
Understood nothing about these matters before.
During the last month had been studying OW
signals. Had been previously learning at Matlock.,
Bridge and Monsall Dale for three weeks, but had
only been at Peak Forest since last Thursday. lie
had been taught by James Lister, who was station'
master at Monsall Dale. At Matlock he was With
the signalman being taught. He did not kn°ll,,
whether that was a common practice. Before 11!
came to Peak Forest he thoroughly understood the
code which he was bound to follow. The rules pro-
duced were the same.

The coroner here read out a rule to the witness'
and then asked him to explain the substance of it.
The witness was unable to give the substance ()f
the rule. He went on to say there was a 1)°,(),
~;
in the signal-box which he had not read. P"
had no rules put up to refer to. He did not Pro-
fess to know the rules. He had been examined by
Mr. Loveday, inspector on the Midland line, when
at Miller's Dale upon the use of the instil'
meats. He had then made a mistake in answering
in regard to one of the signals. He also made 6
mistake as regarded the recognition of the up li°
line and the down line. Ile had been learning
about a fortnight at that time. Mr. Loveday said
he would do in a day or two. The day after that
examination witness had an order to go to Monsall
Dale, where he stayed a week ; whilst there witness
turned the signals, and then the stationmaster, W."
was instructing him at the time, came to see 63t
all was right. He underwent no further exanlllll3-
tion. While at Monsall Dale Mr. Loveday told
him that he had been appointed to Peak Fares
station. He accordingly went there.
In answer to further questions from the coroner
the witness admitted that whereas the rule required
him, when the line had been " blocked," to asi oce,l.-
tam if it was clear again, he had neglected
do this.
Philip flubbart, the signalman at Chapen-enli;
Frith, was next examined. On Monday night
was in his signal box from 5.18 to 5.20, when 0.
ballast train left the Chapel-en-le-Frith station'
He had previously signalled to Peak Forest, In
answer to which he got " Line blocked." 11° t,b,,e,,t
sent on the ballast train. He heard no more of la
train, and in about ten minutes after a cattle train
came into Chapel station. He reported this 3.'00
to Peak Forest, and got an answer, "1)11..
clear." lie was positive of it. He had five Wtihe
nesses to that effect. He accordingly allowed be
train to pass on. Twelve minutes afterwards
h baci
heard the cattle waggons coming back which
loose. He saw the cattle train at the lOC A
lane Bridge. He tried to get to the points, but bb
not time. He ran across the fields to Bridgeport
3b"
te;
expecting an accident to occur every five minLa
to the 5.20 train from Manchester. The train

passed when he got to Bridgenorth.
10°
Mr. Tilson, the stationmaster at Chapel e -
Frith, corroborated the evidence of Hubbart, 030
the signal was received " Line clear." He /130
unable to account for the little girl getting on toe
ballast train ; it was quite against the rules.
had seen her at the station asking how she Was

get to Peak Forest.
Henry Herbert Loveday, district inspector of tb°t
Midland Railway, said he had known Wm.
about a month. He first sent him to gatlee
311
Bridge to learn the duties of a:telearaph signalr°3.:
When he had been there a fortnightt witness eis,
mined him respecting his knowledge of the sigl33o
and told him how important it was that he sb°lloo
know them well. About a fortnight ago, With e..
had to examine several railway porters ja c°ll.tig
quence of the line from Bradford to London beld
about to be opened. He saw Knight there, nod
finding him incompetent, recommended
should go to Monsall Dale station to Dien" pot
knowledge of the signals. Last week witness 111;i0
to examine Knight again, but failing to see but
questioned the Monsall Dale stationmaster
him. The stationmaster thought him eornPete

Knight was then sent on to Peak Forest.
na
The coroner read the evidence of Knight, a- peg
The witness said the momentary taking the, 'poi
out by Knight would be an indication to the he,
Do
signalman that the line was clear. It could v 0
base
taken for anything else. That peg should lic)tocre
been taken out till the train had passed'

were positive instructions as to that point.
Wl'
The coroner summed up, and then the iur' rjic
an absence of 20 minutes, returned with a Ye, tbe
of accidental death, but were cf opinion that not
signalman was not capable of fulfilling his dutiltioie
being sufficiently trained to it, and that the; noi
allotted for acquiring his duties was not suilic'evitil
long. They also expressed a strong opiaiell heals
reference to the conduct of the stationmaster at left
Forest—that_ the signal-box should have beeirloef
so ong without some person to look after it• oaff,
alsol censured him for sending the signalman— ,
with a letter when he should not have been
from his box. train to
The
coroner
in then proceeded by special ofit
New Mills, where he purposed to open the 1114(1,iolif
upon the (hovers killed in the second c° coe-
which, it will be remembered, was the direet.c until
quence of the first one.
midnight, and then a verdict Tho oilifclaucicrYidleanstledse:iotill'
was returned, the jury adding a strong' elcl3l tbeit
of censure against the company's officials fcir
negligence.

•

NONE!' MARKET

A ND
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGIIINC3.

TWELVE O'CLOCK.

. .
In the Discount Market there has been no in-
crease in the demand for accommodation, and first-
class short-dated paper is readily negotiable at 11,
Per cent.

At the bullion office of the Bank the sum of
£33,000 was received in bar gold, and there was a
withdrawal of 20,000 sovereigns for Turkey.
The Reigate has arrived from Australia with
about £96,648 ; and the Scotia, from New York,
has brought £22,900.
The directors of the Bank of England have de-
clared a dividend of 4} per cent. for the past half-
Year, the previous one being 1 per cent. higher.
The following gold ships have sailed from Aus-
tralia :—June 28th, the Geelong, with 21,556 oz.,
and the Suffolk, with 71,326 oz. ; July 9th, the
Moravian, with 50,940 oz. ; July 13th, the Gala,
with 11,747 oz. ; and on the 22d July, the Black-
wall, with 45,502 oz.; the total being 201,078 oz.,
or £804,312 sterling.
The report of the Melbourne and Hobson's Bay
United Railway, issued in anticipation of the meeting
about to be held at Melbourne on the sth August,
states that there has been a falling off in the goods
traffic for the half year, ending the 30th June last,
of 12,000 tons. The coal traffic, however, bears a
favourable comparison with 1866. The net profits,
after deduction of interest and working expenses,
amounted to £19,398, of which £18,714 is appro-
priated to the payment of a dividend at the rate of
7 per cent., leaving a balance of £684 to be carried
forward.
Atlantic and Great Western Railway Debentures
remain at 24 26, and the Consolidated Mortgage
Bonds at 21 22.
In the Foreign and Colonial Produce Markets
during the last few days there has been rather less
animation. The public sales of Indian tea have,
however, concluded, showing a decline of 2d. to 3d.
Per lb. for inferior qualities. Sugar have main-
tained steady rates ; while coffee, rice, fruit, and
B,Plees have generally been a shade cheaper. Tallow
has been in moderate request at about former rates.
The return of the Bank of England for the
Week ending the 11th Sept, gives the following re-
Baits when compared with the previous week :
itest .£3,60,732 ... Increase .£2,684
Public deposit's 7,944,529 ... Increase 271,415
Other deposits ..• 197 1547 778 ... Increase 288,454

On the other side of the account :
Government securities £12,845,272 No change.
Other securities 17,359,943 ... Decrease 96,575
Notes unemployed 14,406,370 Increase 610,200

The amount of notes in circulation is £23,720,295,
being a decrease of £349,645 ; and the stock of
bullion in both departments is £24,348,532, showing
an increase of £276,250 when compared with the
preceding return.

Subjoined is a comparison of the present position
of the Bank of England and the price of Consols
With the corresponding week of last year :

amo w
At present. See k
last year.
Bank bullion ... £24,348,532 £15,974,777
Notes
in reserve... 15,628,237 7,502,722
4Notes in circulation ... 23,724,295 23,472,055
Rate of discount ... 2 per cent. ... 5 per cent.
Price of
Consols 94} •.• 89
The return of the Bank of France for the past
Week, compared with the previous account, shows
that an increase has taken place in the cash in hand
of £344,000, in the Treasury balance of £68,000,
and in the private accounts of £B,OOO ; while a
rerease has taken place in bills receivable of
'653,000 ; in the notes, £560,000 ; and in the ad-
vances, £lO,OOO.
The directors of the British and American
Telegraph Company have inside application to the
"teinittee of the Stock Exchange for a settlement,
and a notice to that effect has been posted up in the
Louse in the usual way.
The directors of the Port Phillip and Colonial
Gold Mining Company have received advicos from
their resident director, Mr. Bland, at Clones, dated
ri4,11,11 25, 1867, as follows :—" Quartz Crushing.—
ue quantity of quartz crushed during the month
of June was 4,654 tons, yielding 2,839 ozs. 13 dwt.
°f gold, or au average of 12 dwts. 5 grs. per ton."
.rhe above return is a very satisfactory one, not-
Withstanding a reduction in the yield of 1 dwt.
6,,gre• per ton, as compared with the May return.
L'e yield is still keeping up. The best quartz
seems to be coming from two slopes on
;inson's reef, above the 374 feet level.
e are getting good stone, however, from
portions of all the reefs. The receipts
r June were £106,89 6s. 3d. ; expendi-
ture,°, £4,850 Os. 4d.; profit, £5,839 55. 11d.
4
cled. to which is a balance of last month, viz.,
£lO6 16s. 7d., which shows an available balance
a
45,946 2s. 6d. The amount divided between
lhui
the two companies was £5,000, of which the Port
P Company's proportion is £3,250. In addi-
tion to amount divided, Mr. Bland paid £9OO on
Water account. Mine.—All the work in and
neut the mine is going on very well. Sinking the
shaft has not proceeded at such a rapid
rate the last few weeks as it did; a short time
ore, the ground having got harder, with
cPartz veins in it. These have now mostly dis-
appeared, Peared, and sinking is again easier. The depth
4.t the present time is 66ft. below the No. 6 Plat,
411.(1 just to where the cap-piece of the No. 7 Plat
Wll come. Total depth from surface, 583 ft.
44achinery.—The stamps are all in good- order,
The
doing a satisfactory amount of duty.
'he engines and boilers are also working
Well, and the latter not giving us any
trouble now that we are using soft, clear water.
The tailings pumps are not now at work, the late
ai°,°de having cleared out the creek sufficiently to
lif'°W the tailsand to run without requiring to be
ted• Return for month of July—Quantity of
quartz crushed for four weeks, 4,657 tons ; yield for
three weeks, 2,410 oz. 15 dwts of gold, or an aver-
age of 14 dwts 4 grs. per ton ; remittance, £3,000.
appvloe-Chancellor Sir Richard Malins has this day
dointed Mr. George T. Hart (of Hart Brothers
4 Co.) official liquidator to the East India Cotton
geneY (Limited).

Two o'CLocic.
Ole Paris Rentes this morning, according to
-benter's telegram, were 70f 02c.—Heavy.
in tendency of the English Stock Market is still
a-man upcvard direction, owing to the fine weather
h„-" the quietude of Continental politics. Consols
have again risen 1-16 the latest prices being 941
(3t,transfer, and 94f if for the October settlement.
3', he New Threes are 92i 34 ; Reduced Annuities,
21,r, 3 ; Exchequer Bills, 275. prem. ; India ditto,
o 2°l ; ditto 5 per Cents., 112 f 13 ; ditto 4 per
ioeillts.) 08 ; Enfaced ditto, 884 ; ditto 5 per Cents.,
; ditto 54 per Cents., 1081 ; and ditto £l,OOO
tills, 70s. to 665. prem.
a :the Foreign Stock Market continues tolerably
telive, and an upward tendency is apparent. Greek
to°tlds have improved 1, to 14 4 ; Spanish Passive 41
248 ; Certificates ~ to 16k 4 ; Turkish 5 per
elits• to 31i 32 ; and Italian f, to 491 4 ; but
i
()Aican remain at 154 1.
iiitiereased buoyancy has prevailed in the Railway
re Market. Great Northern, North Western,
Eth.r.,a
Midland have each improvel 4, Great Western
' North Eastern (Berwick) each f, Brighton and
GEastern each 1, and Metropolitan 1; ; while
tll
at Eastern have declined 4.
qrille Foreign and Colonial lines are in fair request.
Itheat Luxembourg are marked 10; 101 Dutch
201; and South Austrian and Lombardo
110 024
154. Bombay and Baroda have declined
110'224 ; Great Indian Peninsula remain at 109;
and Delhi at 1014 102.
In American Securities Illinois shares have ad
a 4, to 764 774; but Erie shares have declined
74t)344 45 ; and United States 5-20 Bonds 4, to
•
/It 133:4";k Shares are very quiet. Joint Stock remain
34Z ; London and Westminster at 684 694 ;
I.43tia
-,!;°11 and County have declined to 54.
I",3l.laneous and Finance Shares continue very
biaec.tive, but prices generally are steady. National
Iva "lit Company are marked 111 ; Fore-street
lell°Use, 124 ; Anglo-American Telegraph,