The Sun.
London, England, 1860-10-15 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 15, 1860.

1111), VCIFE AND SAN FRANCISCO,
xt: PERNAMBUCO, RAILWAY COMPANY (Limited).
'Notice, is hereby given, that an EXTRAORDINARY GE-
MEETING of the SIIAR.EIIOLDERS of this
COMPANY will be held at the Lendon.Tavern, Bishopsgate-
street, on Monday the 22d day of October next, at Twcr
o'clocli p.m. Ato which day and place it is intended that the
Ordinary Half-yearly Genera Meeting stands adjourned), for
the purpose of considering and assenting to, or dissenting
'from, the provisions of a Bill inr which it is intended to
apply to Parliament in the ensuing Session, for power to re-
gulate and inerea.se the Capital ot tho Company, and also to
alter and modify the Articles of AssociStion of the Company.
Dated this iith day of October, 1860.
W. IL BELLAMY, secreta

-I_.) 01 AL ENGLISH OPERA, COVEi7T-
t, GARDEN—under the Management of Miss LOUISA
PYNE and Mr. W. HARRISON, Sole Lessees.—THlS
and
EVENING
TO-MORROW, LURLINE ; Messrs. H.
ff. corri, G.Kelley, and Mr. W. Harrison ; Miss
Wharton,
Letlizr, bliss Albertazzi, and Miqs Louisa Pyne.—Conductor,
Mr. Alfred OVERTURE to ZAMPA after the
Opera. DIVERT:rbSEMENT. Doors open at Seven. Com-
mence at Half-past,

TUEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckstone.
THIS EVENING th.?, Performances will commence with
the new comedy, DOES HE LOVE ME ? Messrs. Howe,
Chippendale, E. Villiers, and Buckstone ; Miss Amy Sedg-
wick, Miss Florence Ilaydoii. and Mrs. Wilkins.
Followed by a new comedy, entitled ROMANCE AND
REALITY. Messrs. Chippetviale, Howe, Rogers, W. Farrell,
end John Brougnam ; Miss FlLarence llaydon; Mrs. Wilkins,
and Mrs. E. Fitzwilliam.
And THE SUN AND THE WIND. By the Leclercqs.

Commence at 7.

FIEATRE -ROYAL LYCEUM.
TSole Lessee and Directress, Madame CELESTE.
Brilliant and decided success of the celebrated Comedienne,
Miss Gougenheim, from the principal Theatres of America.
THIS EVENING, and during' the Week A, the
StIORE performances
will commence with THE AIIDDY :
Halcyon, Miss Lydia Thompson.
Alter which, a comedy, written bi Dion Boucicault, Esq.,
entitled THE IRISH nELRESS. The new( Scenery painted
by Mr. William Callcott. Principal charaeters by Mr. George
Vining', Mr. Henry Neville (his 7th appearance in London),
(her 7th
Mr. John Rouse, Mr. Villiers, Mr. Lyon, Mr. E. Butler, Miss
Kate Saville, Miss Batton,
and Miss Gougenbeim
appearance in England).
To co,aclude with the romantic drama of THE ABBE
VAITDMETJIL, in which the celebrated Dancers, the Misses
Marie and Annie Collinson, will make their 7th appearar.Ce
in London. The Abbe Vaudreuil, Madame Celeste.

DELPTrii, NEW THEATRE-ROYAL.
Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster.
Great Success of the new Drama, by Dion Bourcicault, Esq.,
The Colleen Bawn."—Miss Agnes Robert3on every even,

ing•
THIS EVENING, THE RIFLE CORPS. Messrs. W.
Smith. D. Fisher, C. Selby, Miss oolgar, Miss Kate Kelly,
and Mrs. Billing-ton.
After which, THE COLLEEN BAWN. D. Ronrcicault, D.
Fisher, Billington, Falconer, Stephenson. C. J. Smith, Romer.
bliss Agnes Robertson, Miss Woolgar, Mrs. BiMng-ton, and
3irs. Chatterley.
To conclude with MUSIC HATH CHARMS. Mr. David
Fisher.

Doors open at half-past 6—Commence at 7.
Box-office open from 10 till 5.
No charge for bookinz.
Private boxes, £2 2s. ; Family Boxes,°Xl.
Orchestra Stalls, ss. ; Balcony, 45.; Front Circle Stalls, :s. ;
Pit Stalls, 2s. ; Pit, 5.6 d. ; Amphitheatre, 15 ; Gallery, 6d.
Lett= Manazer—Mr. Wm. Smith.

A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.-
..7x. Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Wm. BATTY.
Immense success of Fitztall's new Spectacle of ROBIN
noon, pronounced by the Press and the Public the most
beautiful and interesting Hippo-Drama ever produced at this
Theatre.
This Evening, the entertainments will commence with the
new Spectacle, in Three Acts, entitled ROBIN HOOD • or,
the Merry Outlaws of Sherwood ; A:lan-a-Dale, Miss Rebecca
Isaacs ; Robin Hood, Mr. John Pritchard.
- • -

To be followed by Scenes in the Arena by the Star Riders
of the day, including Mdlle. de Berg and Mr. James Cooke.
Doors open at half-cast 6, performance commence at 7.
Box-office open daily from 11 till 4.
Stage Manager—Mr. W. WERT.
Director of the Arena—Mr. Pearson.

CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS.-
EVERY EVENING,
A Grand Selection from the opera of
NORMA. _ _ _

Norma Miss RUSSELL.
Adairisa ..
(Her first appearance in this country.)
After which the ETHIOPIANS, consisting of Seventeen Per-
formers, organised expressly for this establishment, for the
Performance of Vocal and Instrumental Music, Comic and
Sentimental, with Nero Delineations, Anecdotes, &c. Prin-
cipal Negro Artildes, Messrs. Joe Brown, G. W. Pell, H.
Drummond, and Charley Fox.
Musical Director, Mr. F. JONGHMANS.

Balcony, is, Hall. 6d.

THE WEATHER.—Sur( OFFICE, Oar. 14, 1860.

THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.

53—this day at noon.
43—lowest this morning and during the night.
51—highest since noon yesterday.
BAROMETER—DOWD to 29.57; now 29.66.
WlND—North :Westerly, but variable and light; some
slight rain.

OCT. 16.
THERMOMETER, IN THB SHADS.
53—this day at noon.
40--lowest this morning and during the night.
53—highest since noon yesterday.
BanonETER-29.75 ; still rising in the midst of rain.
WlND—South-Westerly; fresh and squally with con.
tinuous rain.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS DAL—Morning, lh. 42m.—Afternoon, 2h. 4m
To-MORROW.-Morning, 2h. 25m.—Afternoon, 2h. 47m,

4S, . m
mf4
ff:t,
44
irrf;
-ea I.
•
• . •

THE SUN.
LONDON, MONDAY, OCT. 15, 1860.

His Majesty NAPOLEON 111. must feel his conse-
quence a little hurt. He does not like meetings of
Sovereigns at which he is not to be present. He
even stretched etiquette to force himself on the
King of PRUSSIA and the German Sovereigns when
the former came rather near his borders. This time
they have taken care to keep far enough off, and he
must post through some score of petty German
Kingdoms, if he would get to the meeting at War-
saw. He did, indeed, make a kind of bid for an-
invitation, but he has got none ; and he has simply
to stay at home; though, that he will mind only
his :own business, is what no one can expect.
He has rto put up with the rulers of three great
Powers meeting formally, and with one of them
carrying, too, in his pocket the proxy
of England's Government, but he has no one to
take his. In fact, he well knows that they all meet,
not to plot against France, but to put an end to
France plotting everlastingly against Europe. He
had undoubtedly prepared some nice little schemes
in his mind in regard to creating " influence" in
Germany ; and, in all probability, a little "rectifica-
tion of boundary" business was to be done at the
same time ; but the game has taken the alarm too
seen- Prussia and the German petty states prefer
anything to his playing among them the part
Which he is playing in Italy. Austria, with too
good reason, is afraid of his schemes and his plot-
ting among
her nationalities. All, therefore, con-
spire to tell him that he must be quiet.
Is it because he is baffled in Germany that he
now takes a stronger position in Italy ? He is
doubling and trebling his forces there ; anticipating
by occupations of the towns in the northern part of
the PorE's patrimony the
approach of the Sardi-
nians to the south, and
actually asking the Sardi-
nians to withdraw from Viterbo and the other
places which they had occupied in the north ; and
altogether taking full military possession
of the
whole of what is called, so absurdly, ST.
PETER'S patrimony. Of course 'what he
aims at no one can certainly tell, but it can
hardly be doubted that Sardinia is his real
object: The more able he is to give trouble in
Italy and to mar its unity, by showing himself
powerful on a coast whence no one could well under-
take to drive him, the more he will be in a position
to make his own terms for surrendering to Italy
her own capital, and alloicing the King of Italy to
become really so, leaving Sardinia to become a
French island. All that he could easily manage
if the rest of Europe assists. Another cession, and
another assent by universal sufffage to the supe-
riority of political slavery over political liberty,
could be as easily obtained in Sardinia as in Savoy,
perhaps more so. It is, however, time that some one
Plat a veto on these fraudulent aggrandisements,
and it is to be hoped he will find it so if he makes
another sup towards making " the Mediterranean
Sea a French lake.,,
We suppose France is
among
the great Powers
which refuse to acknowledge
a blockade of Gaeta—
a step which certainly viclo,l E3I.II4I`TUEL could ,

hardly have contemplated any more than WI L-
()
1,1111 111. wished to blockade the port .1 L°n"
don when he wanted JAMES 11. to cilkit
this country. We are told by the Patrie
that the King of SARDINIA is to enter
Naples on the 17th. We hope the statement may
prove true, since it will settle the chief point beyond
the possibility of French intervention, and the
KING will very willingly take on himself, when in
possession by universal suffrage, the responsibility
which the BONIFACE of the Constitutionnel throws
upon him. It is also but too plain that GARIBALDI
and
an admin.
office for
.his republican friends will never agree to
and we hope,
act. He has al; is much wanted,
;I;J:tic:a among themselves which can hold
and acted on real.
with technicalities. .
-keoverstepped diplomatic rules,
ad:he ling
has done by giving FRAT
therefore, that he will not delay to
of Gaeta, and all will then be k:'
ties instead of troubling himself
He must complete what he
Cis 11. the last kick out
o far right. French
and Austrians must afterwards eitther be bought or
fought out of Italy at the proper time.

In our last notice of Sir HOWARD DOUGLAS'S
pamphlet on the " Defence of England," we merely
adverted to his views of the urgency of the subject
from the immense naval and military preparations
of France, and the avowed regard of their naval
augmentations to the possibility of a war with Eng-
land. Our author, in connection with the necessity
of maintaining our preponderance at sea, points
out the disadvantages under which we now lie, in
all reßpects, in regard to manning our navy. We
have abandoned, not only impressment, but also the
great pecuniary inducement of prize-money for the
captufe of enemy's goods in neutral ships ; and we
have retained the justly unpopular practice of cor-
poral puni►hment, the abolition of which, except as
the result of solemn procedure by court martial,
Sir HOWARD deems essential. Our pay is also low
compared with that of the United States—£3l2s.
and £2 9s. are the' pay in the respective countries
of able seamen unskilled in gunnery ; and £4 and
£2 14s. 3d. per month, of well trained gunners. We
have, of course, no alternative now, but to make the
service, both by its conditions and its pay, attractive
to good sailors. Englishmen will not tolerate the
slavery of conscription, which Frenchmen and con-
tinentals submit to, and we must pay the price of
liberty.
One remark of our author we quote for the
encouragement of all whom it may concern both
on this and the other side of the Channel ; for we
are confident it would ever be so again, and not on
board ship only, but throughout the whole country:
Sir HOWARD, now in his 84th year, thus writes of
the England of the last wars :
" No one who has not lived, as the author bas, through
the stormy times of the great war, from 1792 to 1815, will
be able to conceive how noble was the patriotism, and how
indomitable the spirit, of the British people throughout
that great struggle. There was then, as there will ever be,
party spirit and some internal discontent ; but, in the main,
no wavering or despondency appeared throughout all the
vicissitudes of the war. The rebellion in Ireland, the failure
of some of our foreign expeditions, the rupture of many
coalitions which we formed with continental powers, the
military dominion of NAPOLEON over the greater part of
Europe, which left us to fight him single-handed through
Spain, did not make England quail. Even in the mutiny
of the navy, in 1797, the seamen were not traitors to their
country; and Admiral DUNCAN fought the battle of Cam-
perdown with ships' crews deeply tainted with the mutinous
spirit which discontent had produced. Ships provided by
the Government, including some of the larger vessels of
the East India Company, were actually fitted out and
....Luca Dy ♦olunteer seamen, in order to reduce by force
those ships from which the mutineers had expelled their

officers. Even the crews of the fleet at Spithead, when the
mutiny was at its height, declared that if the French fleet
should put to sea they would fight it as loyal subjects of
their king and country."

However, foreigners know now, somewhat better
than they did only a year ago, what would be
the spirit of the whole English people, landsmen or
seamen, were any one to attempt an invasion of our
island home.

That spirit, however, must not be relaxed. We
follow our author, therefore, to his remarks on what
should be done in case of an attempt at a landing ;
not forgetting, as he does not, that a landing of
even the Roman Legions, under CiEsAR himself,
was not effected without much difficulty and
danger, though resisted only by naked Britons ;
and remembering, too, what he states as a maxim
among military men, that when once a body of
troops have made a lodgment on the shore it is not
easy to dislodge them. We must suppose then,
from some cause, our Channel Fleet unable to inter-
fere with the disembarkation ; what can then be
done to prevent an enemy's landing ? The iron
steam Ram of Admiral SAMOAN'S, he thinks,
might safely run at and run down the large trans-
ports at pleasure, sinking 1,500 or 2,000 troops at
a blow—and, we presume, the enemy could not
even fire at the Ram, while engaged in this opera-
tion, without endangering his own transports.
However, we must come to the shore. Near forts,
of course, the enemy would not attempt to land, and
it would be a useless expense to do more than
fortify our arsenals ; the landing must be on some
open beach. Each kind of beach has its disadvan-
tages for him, and its corresponding. advantages for
the defenders. If the slope of the beach be gentle,
it would be free from currents ; but the boats would
have a very long way to row under our
fire, and the ships, whose fire should
cover the landing, must lie at a great
distance. This would of course enable the de-
fenders to place their guns near the beach on a
level nearly with the sea, and the assailants would
approach under a horizontal fire, and have to land
amidst showers of grapes If the beach were steep,
and the covering ships could approach nearer, yet
on such beaches the currents are always strong and
tend much to disarrange the order of the landing ;
while they are also bounded landward by heights,
which give great advantage in firing at ships. Our
business is, therefore, to be able to bring a suitable
and adequate force to resist a landing wherever it
might occur.

Sir HOWARD dwells a little on the training of
volunteers to work artillery at our principal sea-
ports. He had himself, in 1795, arranged for the
manning of sixty guns in battery at Tynemouth by
500 volunteer youths, who soon became expert in
the working of guns which would otherwise have
been useless for the want of artillerymen. For
meeting a descent on our coasts he would rely on
our army of all kinds, and on railroads. In this
respect he would set steam against steam. If steam
has bridged the Channel in any important sense, it
has also enabled us to concentrate our troops
at any point, at a short warning, in a man-
lier unknown before. With good arrangements
steam on land may neutralise almost all the
advantages to an enemy of steam at sea. Nor
must we forget that it will enable our fleet to
follow, as well as an enemy to go anywhere,
wind and tide notwithstanding. The steam-bridge
must, however, he observes, terminate where large
ships of war and transports find the water too
shallow, and the ARMSTRONG gun and other rifled
cannon of long range will do much in compelling
hprotecting to keep a respectful distance
tfrome the
shore.
h

The remarks on the details of handling the
;mops brought down to oppose a landing will be

read with interest. Our author thinks that if the
strategical measures for the concentration of troops
be properly conducted, and Britons act with their
accustomed vigour, it is scarcely possible that in-
vaders should succeed in obtaining a footing on
the soil of this country. lie remarks that practi-
cable breaches were defended successfully against
the best troops in the world, at Badajos, Burgos,
and St. Sebastian ; and he has no doubt that the
shores of Britain may be made equally impregna-
ble. The Duke of WELLINGTON, when contem-
plating the coast between Sandgate and Hythe
said to his staff, "Look at these splendid heights
all along the coast ; give me communications
which admit of rapid flank movements along those
heights, and I might set anything at defiance."
That rapid flank movement is now easy enough. By
no great addition to our present railways it would be
easy to concentrate troops at any spot on the coast ;
and thus, as our author observes, "just as steam,
ceases to be useful to the invaders (because his
ships could come no nearer to the shore), it becomes
most so to the defenders of the country." The elec-
tric telegraph would apprise every corps within
reach; and at the rate, if need were, of forty or
fifty miles an hour, men, guns, horses, everything,
could be all brought without fatigue and fresh for
action to the point where they were wanted. All
this, " if properly taken advantage of, will give to
the defenders of the country prodigious power of
concentrating their forces during the long time that
a landing of the invaders is being effected in open
row boats, subject to the action of strong tides and
other impediments on the coast."
It must be borne in mind that a landing can
never be the work of an hour after its probability
at any part of the coast is known to the natives.
Sir H. DOUGLAS observes that—
" However quickly the operation of transferring troops
from the transports to the boats which are to coavey them
to the shore may be performed, there must always elapse—
from the tim3 that the armada comes in sight, and the in-
vader, by casting anchor, makes manifest his intention—a
considerable interval before the landing can be effected,
during which the preparations for opposing him may be
completed."

A statement of which he gives illustrations
from matters of fact. The grand object, there-
fore, he considers to be, that we should have our
railway communications and our whole force of
every kind in such a state of pre-arrangement as
to enable us to throw on every point of the coast
an army sufficient to drive back immediately any
number which can be landed at once. We cer-
tainly think the author shows that this can be done,
and would not be a difficult task either. He does
not, however, leave us on the coast, but takes us, in
the event of a landing being effected—which, if
his plans are carried out, will never be—into the
interior, whither we shall soon follow him.

Last Saturday eight county magistrates met at
Clerkenwell to discuss the merits of new applica-
tions for licenses for music and dancing. There
are, without doubt, some clever county magistrates
—men who act with common sense and consistency,
but the proceedings of the worthies who sat at
Clerkenwell on the 13th inst. does not justify us
in placing them among that number. The first
applicant was Mr. JAMES WARD (better known as
Js WARD) formerly a pugilist of some note, but
for the last twenty-five years a licensed victualler
of credit and respectability. He applied for a
license for music only; his claim was numerously
supported by the neighbouring residents, and the
police authorities bore testimony to the orderly
manner in which his house was conducted. He had
gone to a considerable expense in fitting up an ex-
tensive music halls The application was opposed
by a few individuals, virtually on the ground that
WARD had been a pugilist; for, although this was
not directly stated, it was implied by the fact that
the opposition was based on the ground that, on
occasion of any remarkable fights, great crowds
collected round the doors of Mr. WARD's house.
But, as Mr. SLEIGH very properly observed,
although such gatherings might be cited in oppo-
sition to a spirit license, they could have nothing
to do with a license for music. Among others who
volunteered evidence, Mr. ROBERT CLERRING stated
that "he had himself visited the different houses in
Whitechapel which were licensed for music and
dancing. Ills opinion was that music was calcu-
lated to do a great deal of injury to the respecta-
bility of the inhabitants, but dancing corrupted every
one who went near the place." Upon such un-
answerable logic the application was refused.
Now, we do not maintain that it was at all
necessary for the amusement of the neighbourhood
that a license should be granted to the proprietor
of the King's Arms, Whitechapel. Perhaps there
are too many already who have the right to have
music in their houses in that locality ; but, in the
case above-mentioned, it is obvious that a respect-
able man, with the highest testimonials as to cha-
racter, is refused a license because, forsooth, he has
been a prize-fighter in days gone by. If JAMES
WARD is a fit man to keep a public-house, which
none have denied, he is equally worthy to have
music in his house. Had the opposition setup
been that there were already too many houses
devoted "to music and dancing" in that locality,
there would be at least a show of reason, but as the
case stands it is unjust.

Mr; SAUNDERS, of the Philharmonic Hall, High-
street, Islington, obtained a license for music by a
majority of the Bench, notwithstanding that one of
the magistrates—we are sorry we cannot give his
name, for men who can give utterance to such sen-
timents as the subjoined deserve to have their
names recorded—stated that he objected to the
building chiefly because there were private boxes
in one part, which might be used for improper
purposes. We would ask this particularly moral
individual if such an idea ever entered his head
when sitting in a private BOX at a theatre ? The
very suggestion of such a use being made of a
private box at a Concert-hall shows a morbid taste
for the immoral ; such a sentiment is unworthy the
English Bench.

The two following cases will show that the
Magistrates were not actuated by any particular
senso of consistency, unless it were in being

inconsistent.

Mr. ZEBEDEE WILCOX, of the Eastern Saloon,
Whitechapel-road, applied for a music license. It
appeared that Mr. WILCOX was a manufac-
turer of ginger-beer and soda water, and
never sold beer or spirits of any sort.
He was supported by the Teetotallers.
Mr. KEMi?SIIEAD, ene of the magistrates, said that
" This house was in a neighbourhood where there
were a great number of German sugar bakers, and
he understood that the employers of the men made
very great complaints that :they could not keep
them from going to the musical places. Wherever
there was a house opened for music, all the men
rushed off to enjoy their favourite amusement."
The very fact that a house where nothing stronger
than gingerbeer or soda-water could be obtained,
was a favourite resort of a certain class of work-
men, when music most suited to their national
taste was played,
would, in our opinion, be a strong
reason for granting a license. But the bench
thought otherwise. It would never do to offend a
few wealthy and, perhaps, influential sugar bakers
to gratify the taste for innocent enjoyment on the

part of many poor operatives, and the license was
refused. On like grounds a similar application, on
the part of cne Mr. SEIIRT, was refused, although
the Chairman (Mr. POWNALL) did observe " that it
must be recollected that the license did not permit
the place to be open for music till after five o'clock.'►
But the sugar bakers carried the day. In the
next ease the rule was reversed; but, then, the
party interested in opposing the license was a poor
man. A license for music was sought for by Mr.
W. MOURGUE, of the Duke of York, Gloucester-
street, to enable gentlemen who came to din-
ners and suppers at his house to enjoy some
music afterwards, if they pleased. An opposition
was raised by a person living next door, who said
" that he had several lodgers, and as the partition
was very thin, the noise would disturb his lodgers,
who would leave him, and as he was a poor man,
this would ruin him," Now, for the first time, the
magistrates perceived that the liberty of
the subject must be respected. They did
not see it in the case of Mr. WARD,
nor yet in those of Messrs. WILCOX and SEHRT,
but gentlemen had a right to music after their
meals, so the license was granted. We do not
wish to enter into the subject as to whether
more or less licenses should be granted. Mr.
MOURGUE may be perfectly entitled to his license,
and the opposition may have been factious ; but the
magistrates have no right in the one case to listen
to the appeal of the sugar bakers, even though ad-
vanced by one of themselves, when the supposed
injury was simply individual, and in the other to
pooh-pooh the opposition of a man who could show
better cause of complaint than his more wealthy
and fortunate neighbours. Is that justice which
was once a real boast of Englishmen to become a
a jest and a bye-word ? Our county magistrates
in the West have shown their incapacity to inves-
tigate with any promptitude or ability a most foul
and revolting murder, and our Middlesex Bench
give ear to the canting nonsense of such men as Mr,
CLERRING, and practically make one law for the
rich and another for the poor.

THE MINISTRY.—Sir C. Wood and Mr. Milner
Gibson were in town during the week, but the latter right
hon. gentleman, after attending to matters connected with
the new French tariff, has since quitted London. Mr.
Gladstone arrived in town on Thursday. Sir George Lewis
is expected to arrive in the metropolis on Monday next. Sir
George Grey returned to this country in the middle of the
week from the continent, where he has been spending some
weeks. Lord Granville remains on the continent. Lord
Palmerston continues at his seat, Broadlands, Hants. Lord
3. Russell is expected to reach town on Wednesday next,
from attending the Queen as Secretary of State during her
Majesty's continental tour.

The health of the Earl of Derby is still so pre-
carious as to occasion some anxiety to his friends. He is
much better than he was, and is now able to leave his bed,
but he is still confined to hisroom. The attack from which
he suffers has been much more severe than wa3 generally
known, and the greatest care will still be requisite to insure
his entire recovery. His lordship still experiences acute
pain, and is very weak.

The Marquis of Dalhousie is still suffering from
severe illness. " The noble lord (says the Dover Chronicle)
has long been an invalid, never having recovered from the
illness with which he was afflicted while in India, and
which has prevented his visiting Dover in his official capa-
city. Grave fears are entertained by his family and friends
as to his lordship's present state of health."
We regret to state thai an-ateident occurred on
Saturday last to his Royal Highness the Comte de Paris,
while hunting, by which his Royal Highness sustained a
fracture of one of the bones of the right leg. Fortunately,
the accident happened near Claremont, and Dr. Izod, of
Esher, who was on the spot, lost no time in setting the in-
jured limb. From the latest inquiries, we are very glad to
learn that the young Prince is going on as favourable as
possible.

- We have reason to believe that Mr. Laing, M.P.,
Financial Secretary to the Treasury, has consented to take
the vacant seat at the Council Board in Calcutta, vacant
by the death of Mr. James Wilson.

The hills in the High Peak were tipped with
their first snow this year on Tuesday morning last.—
Derbyshire Courier.
FALL OF SNOW IN YORKSHIRE.—On Tuesday
morning the hill-tops in the neighbourhood of Todmorden
were covered with snow, there having been a considerable
fall during the night.—lerbyshire Courier.

A letter fronaToulon of Thursday announces that
the commanders of the steam frigate Descartes and the
steam corvette Colbert had received orders to take in pro-
visions and stores, and to prepare to sail at the first mo-
ment.

METROPOLIS GAS ACT.—Under the operation of
this act the directors of the South Metrepolitan Gas Com-
pany have reduced the price of gas 4d. per 1,000 feet. The
Phcenix. Company has reduced the price 3d. per 1,000 feet.
It is anticipated that a similar reduction will shortly be
made by the Imperial Company.
DEPARTURE OF THE ROMAN CATHOLIC PRI-
MATE.—The Morning News announces that the Roman
Catholic Primate, Archbishop Dixon, who said to Louis
Napoleon " Robber, take your hand from the throat of the
Vicar of Christ," intends leaving Ireland for Rome on
Tuesday next.
The Piedmontese Government has enforced in the
Kingdom of the T wo Sicilies the decree published at Turin
on the 25th of August, 1848, expelling from the Piedmon-
tese territory every individual forming part of the Society
of Jesus, and confiscating for State purposes all their real
and personal property. _ _ _

SIR JAMES OUT-RAM.—We read in the Army and
Navy Gazette—" There is a great man who has landed on
the shores of England so gently that the land has not been
conscious of the presence of one of her most distinguished
soldiers and statesmen. We regret deeply to hear that the
cause which led to General Sir James Outram's retirement
from the Council Board of Calcutta still exists to such an
extent as to prevent his receiving the marks of public re-
spect and private homage mad affection which the distin-
guished services and the personal character of the modern
Bayard' have richly earned. We only give expression to
the feelings of all who know either the man or his services,
when we venture to say we hope the day will soon come
when Sir James Outram will be restored to the full pos-
session of his strength, and that he may enjoy for many
years the honours he has won, in a field where honour is
indeed hardly won."
THE ATTEMPTED MURDER NEAR LEEDS.—We
(Leeds Mercury) understand that Mr. Lupton continues to
improve, although it will be some time before he can be
considered out of danger. His wounds are described by
those who have seen them as being of a most frightful
character, the head having literally the appearance of being
" chopped" to pieces. Nothing but the temperate habits of
Mr. Lupton, and physical vigour, could have saved his life
with such injuries.
FATAL BOAT ACCIDENT.—THREE LIVES LOST.
—We have to record another sad casualty on our coast by
which three men have lost their lives. On Thursday after-
noon a small boat belonging to Blackpool was seen by
several of the Lytham fishermen to be caught in a squall
and capsized, while the persons on board were apparently
engaged in trawling. Assistance was rendered quickly,
but although the boat has been dragged ashore, none of the
bodies of the unfortunate fishermen have been recovered.
The persons lost are John and Thomas Threlfall, of South
Shore, Blackpool, and Robert Singleton, of Common Side,
near Lytham.—Preston Chronicle.
THE GREAT EASTERN.—During the last week,
the Directors have, it is understood, received from the New
York consignees of the great ship the sum of £14,000, but
have not yet received the accounts which will enable them
to judge as to the financial results of the trip. It is, how-
ever, expected that the receipts from passengers and
visitors will very nearly balance the expenses. There is no
probability of the ship making another voyage until the
next spring ; the tides will not admit of moving her off the
gridiron at Milford, even if it were desirable she should
be floated, until about Christmas next. The certificate
granted by the Board of Trade will expire early in No-
vember. This certificate will not be renewed until the
bearings of the screw shaft are put in the same position
as they were previous to the trip to New York, and
when that is done, the surveyors will give a certificate
limited to one voyage to and from America. On the
return, however, the Board of Trade will require a number
of improvements of a permanent character necessary to re-
place the inferior materials and workmanship employed
under previous contracts. The works include a new timber
deck, the present one being so thin and so badly laid, that
the water which does not remain in pools on the surface
pours through in copious showers into the saloon and cabins.
The alterations required for the screw shaft, for replacing
the new injection feed pipes by other modes of supplying
the boilers, the warning apparated, and other details, will
involve an outlay of from £15,00010 £20,000. The exami-
nation of the ship made by the surveyors of the Board of
Trade has shown that the hull has sustained no injury
whatever, that not a plate has moved, nor a rivet started •
but that in a few cases where the paint has been rubbed off,
the plates have been corroded away some minute fraction
of an inch.
WHAT CARE CATTLE ABOUT PRICE ?—This prac-
tical illustration has just been suggested by the best practi-
cal authority of the day. Henry Stephens, Esq., Edin-
burgh, in writing me how to estimate value by an example,
says—" What does a plant care what the cost of its food is ?"
The force of the argument is irresistible. First let us as-
certain practically and scientifically what are the best
proximate condimental principles, and then we shall be in
a position to estimate their value in money. With regard
to the commercial values of the different condimental
ciples of the food of cattle, such as are contained in grasses,
and such as are now being supplied artificially, they can
easily be ascertained, as soon as we get trustworthy proxi-
mate analyses from agricultural chemists. The intrinsic
and commercial values of a cattle condiment, and the profits
a farmer makes by using it in seasoning the food of his
cattle, are very different things. One makes a fortune at
farming, a second has enough to do to keep his own, while
a third loses money. With this farmers are familiar, and
it would be absurd to suppose similar remits would not be
experienced
in the use of condiment, for there cannot be a
doubt, that to use ft properly requires no little skill, The
profits, for example, now being made on Therlg's Condi-
ment run from nil up to five hundred per tent. of profit,
while I shall be disappointed if a thousand per cent, is not
yet Failed in many cases,--11urnm,

LATEST NEW

PROCLAMATION OF KING

VICTOR EMMANUEL.

" TO THE PEOPLE OF SOUTHERN ITALY.

" In a solemn moment for the national history and for
the destinies of the country I address my word to you, peo-
ple of Southern Italy, who, having, in my name, changed
the State, send me deputations of every class of citizens,
magistrates and representatives of your municipal bodies,
asking to be restored to order, blessed with freedom, and
united with my kingdom. I will tell you by what thought
I am guided, and what is my Consciousness of the duties
which a man placed by Providence on an Italian throne
ought to fulfil.

" I ascended the throne after a great national calamity.
My father gave me a lofty example by abdicating the
crown to save his own dignity and the freedom of his peo-
ple. Charles Albert fell sword in hand, and died in exile. His
death associated more and more the destinies of my family
with those of the Italian people, who, for so many centu-
ries, have given to all foreign lands the bones of their
exiles as a pledge for restoring the inheritance of every
nation placed by God within the same boundaries, and
joined together by the bond of a common language. I
educated myself by that example, and the memory of my
father was my guardian star. I could never hesitate in my
choice between a crown and the word I had given. I
strengthened freedom in an epoch not very favourable to
freedom, and I wished that, as it developed itself, it
should take root in the manners of the people, for I
could never harbour any jealousy or suspicion of
what was dear to my people. By preserving
freedom in Piedmont I religiously respected the heritage
which the prophetic mind of my august father had
bequeathed to all Italians. By representative fran-
chise, by popular education, by the freedom of trade and in-
dustry, I endeavoured to increase the well-being of my
people. I wished that the Catholic religion should be re-
spected, but also that every man should be free in the sanc-
tuary of his own conscience ; and by strengthening civil
authority, I openly resisted that obstinate and scheming
faction which boasts to be the only friend and guardian of
the Throne, but which aims at ruling in the name of Kings,
and placing between the Sovereign and the people the bar-
rier of its intolerant passions.
" This system of government could not be without effect
on the rest of Italy. The concord between the Sovereign
and the people in the purpose of national independence, and
of civil and political liberty, the Parliamentary tribune and
the free press, the army which had preserved its mili-
tary traditions under the tricolour, raised Piedmont
to the rank of standard-bearer and arm of Italy. The
strength of my-monarchy was not the result or the acts of a
clandestine policy, but of the open influence of ideas and of
public opinion. I was thus enabled to maintain in the
Italian people which was united under my sceptre the notion
of a national leadership (egentonia), whence was to spring
the concordant harmony of the several provinces in one
single nation.

" Italy was able to understand my conception when she
beheld my soldiers sent into the fields of the Crimea, besides
the troops of the two great Western Powers. I wished
thereby to acquire to Italy the right of participating in all
acts concerning the interests of Europe. At the Congress
of Paris my ambassadors were able to speak for the first
time to Europe of your sufferings. It became clear to all
men how the preponderance of Austria in Italy was inju-'
rious to the balance of power in Europe, and what dangers
beset' the independence and freedom of Europe so long as the
rest of the peninsula was subject to foreign influence.
"My magnanimous ally, the Emperor Napoleon 111.,
felt that the Italian cause was worthy of the great nation
he rules. A righteous war inaugurated the new destinies
of our country. the Italian soldiers fought nobly beside
the unconquered legions of France. The volunteers hasten-
ing from all Italian provinces, from all Italian families,
under the Cross of Savoy, showed that all Italy had invested
me with the right of speaking and fighting in her name.
Policy put an end to the war, but not to its effects, which
went on with their development, following the unswerving
logic of events and of popular movement.

"Had I been actuated by that ambition which is ascribed
to my family by those who do not consider th e nature of the
times, I could have been satisfied with the acquisition of
Lombardy; but I had shed the precious blood of my sol-
diers, not for myself, but for Italy. I had called
the Italians to arms. Several Italian provinces had
changed their form of Government to join in the war of in-
dependence—a war opposed by their Princes. After the
peace of Villafranca those provinces asked my protection
against the threatened restoration of their former Govern-
ments. If the events of Central Italy were the consequence
of the war to which we had called the people, if the system
of foreign intervention was for ever to be banished from
Italy, I had a duty to recognise and to uphold the right of
those people legally and freely to utter their vote. I with-
drew my Government—they made an orderly Government ;
I withdrew my troops—they organised regular forces, and,
Tieing with each other in unanimity and civil virtues they
rose to so high a reputation and strength, that nothing but
the overbearing violence of foreign arms could have
subdued them. Thanks to the wisdom of the
Central Italian people, the monarchical idea constantly
gained strength, and monarchy gave a moral guidance to
that peaceful popular movement. Thus did Italy rise in
the estimation of civilised nations, and it became clear to
all Earope that the Italians were fit for self government.

" When I accepted the annexation I knew what Euro-
pean difficulties I was about to meet. But I could not break
the word I had given to the Italians in my war proclama-
tion. Those who would charge me with imprudence should
calmly consider what would become of Italy on the day in
in which monarchy should appear powerless to satisfy the
want of a national reconstitution. The annexation did
not change the substance of the national movement,
but it assumed new forms. By accepting from the
popular right those fine and noble provinces, I must
loyally recognise the application of that principle,
nor could I measure it by the rule of my private
feeling-8 and interests. In support of that principle,
I for the good of Italy made the sacrifice which cost dearest
to my heart ; I renounced two most noble provinces of the
kingdom of my ancestors.

" I have always given those Italian princes who wished
to be my enemies sintere counsels, resolving, however, that
if those counsels were vain, I would meet the danger to
which their: blindness would have exposed the throne
by accepting the will of Italy. It was in vain that I
offered to the Grand Duke (of Tuscany) alliance before
the ;Far. In vain that, after the peaCe, I offered the
High Pontiff, in whom I venerate the head of the religion
of my fathers and of my people, to take upon myself the
vicarship of Umbria and the Marches. It was evident
that if those provinces which were only restrained by the
arms of foreign hirlings, did not obtain the security of that
civilised government which I proposed they would sooner
or later break out into revolution. Neither will I recall the
counsels given for many years by the Powers to King Fer-
dinand of Naples. The judgment which was pronounced
against his Government at the Paris Congress naturally
prepared the people for a change, if the outcry of public
opinion and efforts of diplomacy proved to be of no avail.
I offered the young successor of that King an alliance for
thewar of independence. But there also I found souls closed
against all Italian feelings, minds darkened by passion
and obstinacy. It was natural that the events in Northern
and Central Italy should arouse men's minds in the
South. In Sicily the excitement broke out into open in-
surrection. A fight began for freedom in Sicily, when a
brave warrior, devoted to Italy and to me, Gen. Garibaldi,
sailed to its aid. They were Italians. Could I, ought I, to
have prevented them ? The fall of the Government of
Naples strengthened in my heart the conviction that Kings
and Governments should build their thrones on the love
and esteem of the people. The new Government in the
Two Sicilies was inauguarated in my name. But some of
its acts caused apprehension lest it should not in every
respect well interpret that policy which is represented by
my name. It was feared throughout Italy that under the
shade of a glorious popularity, of a long-tried honesty, a
faction should muster which was ready to sacrifice the
forthcoming triumph of the national cause to the chimeras
of its ambitious fanaticism. All Italians turned to me, that
I might avert this danger. It was my duty to do it, because
in this present emergency it would be no moderation, no wis-
dom, but weakness and imprudence not to take with a strong
hand the direction of that national mcvement, for which I
ani respongii. 'before Europe. I have sent my soldiers into
Itie Marches and Umbria, and scattered that ill-sorted mob
of people of all nations and tongues which had gathered
there as a new strange phase effercisi interyentien, and the

worst of all. I have proclaimed Italy for the Italians, and
will never allow Italy to bocome the nest of cosmopolite
sects, assembling there to hatch reactionary plots, or to
further the objects of universal demagogy.