The Sun.
London, England, 1858-07-26 00:00:00

LONDON, AIONDAY EVENING, JULY 26, 1858.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY._
Excursion to Oxford, Banbury, Leamington, Warwick, and
Birmingham, from Paddington;on Sunday, the ist August, at 7.45
a.m., returning the same night from Birmingham at 7 o'clock, and
intermedlits stations as per handbills. Fares :—Oxford, Gs. CA.
and 43.; Banbury, Bs. and ss. ; Leamington or Warwick, 10s. 6d.
and Gs Gd. ; and Birmingham, 125. and 7e.

CIREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.—
On WEDNESDAY, the 28th of July, an EXCURSION
TRAIN will leave PADDINGTON at 8.0 aan. for PLY NIOUTEt
(offering facilities for visiting Torbay, Brixham, Dartmouth, and
the South Coast of Devan), calling at Weston-super-Mare, Bridge-
water, Taunton, Tiverton-road, Exeter, .Barnstaple, and Bideford
(for Ilfracombe, and the North Coast of Devon), Starcross, Dawlish,
Taignmouth, Newton, Torquay, Totness, and Kimabrid.te-road; and
returning ou Saturday, the 7th of August, from tlymouth, at
5.20 a.m., and Intermediate stations as per handbills.

FARES THERE AHD BACK.
'Weston-super-Mare and Bridgewater, 20s and
ands;l3 Tm nton
n 4
Tiverton Road, 223 an,158 Exeter, 228 6d l6s tareross,
Dawllsh, and. Teignmoutil, 253 and 17s ; Newton, Torquay. and
Totness, 27s and 18s ; Bartlstaple and Bide.ord, 30s and 20s; Kings-
bridge Road afid Plymouth, 803 and 208.
Children under twelve years de CM-half-Price. Tickets not trans-
ferable, and only available by the Ezzarsion Train.

GRAND NAVAL FETE3 at CHERBOURG.
SOUTH-NVESTERN RAILWAY.
It EWEN TICKETS will be issued from London, and from South-
ampton and Portsmouth, to HAVRE, on FRIDAY, 30th July, and
MONDAY, 2d August (last train from Waterloo-bridge • Station at
1 p.m.), available to return from -Havre within one month.
FARES.
Ist Class. 2d Class.
London to Havre and back ............ 40s. .
Southampton td Havre and back ...... .• . 30S. .. - 203.
Portsmouth to Havre and back, via Southampton 353. .. 255.
Steam-boats are advertised to leave Havre for Cherbou gat
moderate fares.- By Order..
Waterloo-bridge Station, July, 18'M

CI RAND ROYAL FETES at CHERBOURG,
kII in presence of the E),IPEROR and EMPRESS of FRANCE,
the QUEEN of ENGLAND, and PRINCE CONSORT.
The SOUT 11-WESTERN RAILWAY COMPANY will despatola
the HAVRE steam-sLIP, celebrated for her speed and superior ac-
commodation, from Southampton, at 12 midnight, on WEDNESDAY.
August 4th, returning from Cherbourg on SAToanar.
The number o, passengers will be atrtelay limited to 65 gentlemen,
or all of whom berths will be provided on• board during the con•
-
tinuance of the Fetes.
' Fares to Cherbourg and "back, 'including Railway Fare to and
from any Station on the Smith .Western line, £lO Os. Od. This sum
will include Provisions on board, bat not wine, spirits, or beer.
Refreshments will be ready on board the Havre, at 10 p.m. on the
evening of the 4th.
The outli-Weatern Company's well-known steam ship COURIER
will also be despatched from Southampton to Cherbourg, at. 12 mid-
night, on Wednesday, 4th August, returning from Cherbourg on
SATURDAY.
My the COITRI ER the number of passengers wi'l be limited, and
they naay remain on boaM, but berths cannot be guaranteed.
• -

Fares to Cherbourg and Back.
From Southampton .. • • .. £3 10s. rd.
From London .. • • .. • • £5 Os. Od.
Provisions on board at moderate rates.
Passengers who land at Cherbourg, and- do not return by the
HATtiE or CCHIRIE respectively, can return to Southampton by
any of the South-Western Company's boa's from Havre, within one
month. upon produs- ion of their ticKet, and paying 10s.
Tickets mu-t be taken on or befo e Saturday, 31st July.
Application for tickets to be made to the Supe.inteadent, Water-
loo-bridge Station. By order.
W ater;oo-hridge Station, July, 1858.

PATENT SOLID SEWAGE MANURE COM-
PANY (LIMITED). '
NOTICE IS HERE RY GIVEN, That the Half-yearly. Ordinary
General Meeting of the Shareholders of this Com any will he held
at the office of the Solicitors, No. 1, Copthall-buiidings. London, on
MONDAY, the 9th day of Aue'ust next, at one o'clock in the after-
noon precisely. By order of the Board.
THOS. PIIIPP3, Secy.
40, Coleman-street, City, July 26, lisB.

CARDEN, Mayor.—ln a Meeting or AssemLly
of the i'Vlayer. Aldermen. and Livery '.en of the several Com-
raffles of the City of London, in Common Hall assembled, at the
Claildhall of the said City, on Saturday, the 24th day of July, 1458,
A Report from the Committee of iveryinea appointed by the
Common Hall of the 15th of April, 1856, continued by the Common
Hall of the 7th June, 1858, to carry out the resolutions and petition
agreed upon, in opposition to a bill then in Parliament, intituled
" A Bill for the Better Regulation of the Corporation of the City of
London.," was delivered in end read.
Resolved unanimously, - Thatthe report now read be received and
adopted, and that the Committee be requested to continue their
labours in watching any measures which may be introduced affecting
the rights and privileges of the Livery.
Resolved unanimously, —That the thanks of this Common Hall be
presented to the R gilt Iron. Sir Robert Walter Carden, Knt., M.P.,
Lord Mayor, for the ability and courtesy with which he has pre-
sided over this meeting. MERE W ETHER.

SPOTTISWOODE and CO., PRINTERS,
NEW-STREET SQUARE, LONDON, beg to announce that for the
convenience of Kimbell' of Parliament, Parliamentary Agents,
Solicitors, and others, they have established a WEST-END OFFICE
at 9, PARLIAMENT-STREET, WEST3IINSTER, S.W.

EP PS' S COCO A.—EPPS, Homoeopathic
Chemist, London.—This excellent preparation can be obtained
Of the principal Grocers in Ilb. and 14 lb. packets, Is. 6d. and 9d.
Each packet is labelled —JAM r.S EPPS, Homeopathic Chemist.
London.

FHE EAST INDEA TEA COMPANY, in
expectation of their next Telegram bring'nl favourable news,
have reduced their quotations for Black or Green Teas to 2A. per lb
in Gib. bags—the lowest price on record.—Warehouses, 9, Great St.
Helen's-churchyard, Bishopsgate-street.

FOR THE
ANGOLA. gLTITS, X 2 15s.
SEA SIDE.
Excellence with Economy.
GEORGE HOBSOY. 57. Lombard-street.
ESTABLIAIIED 1796.

HOOTING, LOUNGING, or TRAVELLING,
►. Garments adapted for the above purposes may be viewed
in great variety, each being suitable for what is required and very
ttoderate in cost.—ll. J. and D. NICOLL, Merchant Clothiers and
Paletot Patentees, 114, 116, 118, 120, Regent-street, and 22, Corn-
hill.

TO THE NERVOUS AND DEBILITATED.
CHAR' ES WATSON, M.D., Fellow and Honorary Vice-
President of the Imperial African Institute of France, Corres. Mem-
ber of the Medical 'Aocietles of Rouen and Peru, &c., and Resident
Physician to the Bedford Disdensary, 27, Alfred-Place Bedford-
square, London, continues to imme, on receipt of six stamps, ",TflE
GUIDE TO SELF-CURE "
" Those about enterng the Marriage State should peruse Dr.
Watson's invaluable little w•rk, as the adv.ce he gives on health and
disease reflects much credit upon him as a sound medical philo-
sopher."—Critic.
"The true Guide to those who desire a speedy and private care."
—University Magazine.
" The 'NEW AMERICAN DISCOVERY' demonstrates the ab-
surdity of the English mode of treating such complaints, will prove a
blessing to the afflicted, who may safely and easily regain pristine
health by idopting the means presented."—Evening Sun.
For Qualification, vide "Diplomas," and the " London Medic*t
Directory."

XVI. would not abandon Cherbourg, and he took
the warmest interest in the works until the conclu..
eion of bis power. The plan was canted by sitbse-
quent Governments. The National Avembly -voted
finis for the continuation of the works in 1791,
and 1792. From this perm ,d the works of the
breakwater have continued w:thout interrup-
tion. The breadth of this stupendous work is 140
yards. The breakwater is not extended, in a
straight line. It is composed of two branches of
unequal length, which form an angle of 170 de-
grees, of which the opening is turned towards the
south. A commission appainted by M. Decres,
Minister of-Marine to Napoleon 1., deBa.ted, on
the 20th of April, 1811, that there is anchorage in
the roads of Cherbourg for 25 ships of the line in
summer and 17 in wider. The breakwater at
Cherbourg was commenced in the year 1783, and
finished the 31st Decemb.r' 1853. The entire cost
of the breakwater amounts to 67,000,000 f., viz ,
31,000,000 f. from 17831 to 1803, 8,000,000 f. from.
1803 to 1830, and 28,000,000 f. from 1830 to 1853:
The annual expense of keeping the breakwater in
estimated at 120,000 f.. The breakwater, which
is 3,712 metres long from one charmel to the
other, is defended by na ural blocks of granite.
The we iring, -of these blccks requires annu-
ally 3,000 cubic yards of fresh blocks.. The
points eas• and west are covered by arricficial blocks
composed of hyd au tic cement. E cb Of these blocks
is 30 cubic metres in volume, an..l. 'weighs 44,000
kilogrammes. Cherbourg is defende Iby a fort
construct d (Pi the island of Pri e, was collo-
menced in 1783 and finished in 1794, Fort Chavag-
nac, Fort de Querqueville, Fort des Fl:mand,, Fort
du Hommet, St. Anne'S batt- ry. Tire outer-part of
Cherbourg was inaugura*el iu, the mouth of
August, 18.3, in presence aif the Er 'press Maria
Louisa. The floating dock was finished in _IWO.
The inner floating dock, now called the Dock of
Napoleon 111., cost 16,000,000 f."

THE UNITgD STA

(Pim Me Times dorrespindeni.)

NEW YORK, JULY 13.
The President and Cabinet are now considering
the appointment of the commissioner to Paraguay
authorised by Congress. As the.qUestion of peace
or war will depend very muc'n upon this officer, the
President is disposed to act with caution and cir-
cumspection in the selection. He will be accompa-
nied by a squadron, with the Fulton as flagship,
under command of Commodore Page, and veld be
instructed to seek redress for the outrage to the
flag of the Unitod. States in firing upon the Water
Witch, and for the seizure of the property of Ameri-
can citizens.

We have news from the army of Utah to the 16th
June. Tile army was to resume its march the next
day. The Mormons had notified to the General
that the army would bo peaceably received by them.
The General had issued a proclamation offering the
pro‘ection of the army to all persons wishing it,
and it was manifest that things were rapidly draw.:
ing to a head.

Mr. Buchanan's Administration bids fair to bring
' the_dissensious that_ have' fir some years past di-
vided the soeculaters in Cenral American Isthmus
conveyancing to a head by the very simple pra.!ess
of giving equal pro ection to all, and letting the
strongest win. Panama starts iu the race with
great odds in its favour, by reason of the capital
bring actu fly e'xpendeil, and new reroune.:
catiyee but, •on the o her hand, it has the &sad-
ya,,,tago (if, the competition) of bsing con-
stincied of being a longer reire, arid of having,
buh on the Atlentic arid the Pacific side, an ex,
pensively constructed class tif s-eerners to run in
coiinexion with it. Thus• eircumstanc-s, though
promising to the cemfert and safety of the travel-
lers who t-ust thems lve4 to this route, are draw-
' backs in contending w th lines of &leafier steamers
and na riilwags.- Tee San Juan rout-, not-
withstanding the_ ins tensions of M. B lie, is, I
am assured, within the control of Mr. Vanderbilt.
He hes the only right there that is practically werth
ant thin:—the right of transit through the San.
Juan. The impossibilityof cent-tructing a ship canal
by this route in such away as to be r munerative was
wort s tisfactorilyd enonstrated some years ago by
a committee selected by the leading commercial
houses ef London. Wherever route is opened this
Gove nment is prepared to pro est the neuirali y
of it, and to assure it all the privileges guaranteed
by the Cass-Yriesari treaty. Corning still fuither
north, we have the Honduras route, which is ess n-
tially a &Aisle scheme. The Government will 10-lc
wit Li equal favour upon the opening of this route,
which possesses_ many advantages over ins more
southern rivals. It will require ag, eat deal of m ney
to get it; operation. NV nether
.or not VIM can be
raised is a question more easily decided in Loudon
than here. Lastly, the Tehauntepec route is also
about to be opened as a mail route ; this promises
to make the communication between New Orleans
and Sau Francisco several days shorter than by any
route hithertn, and is consequently favoured by the
Administration. With all these ways of travel open,
and competing with each other, and with the travel
and traffic stimulated by the eiscevery of new El-
dorados iu the ungenial atmosphere of the 50th pa-
rallel of latitude, it will not be difficult to predict
the future destiny of all the countries through which
they pass. How can thes3 d'sarganited Sta' es of
effeminate Irilf-breeds stand against the vigour of
Anglo-Saxon Filibustering border ruffians and gold
miners ? They must fall, as the races of India feq
before the power of England, without even recu-
perative energy enough for a rebellion.
The State cf New York has quietly taken the
preparatory steps for another judicial revolutien,
for it can scarcely be called less than that. Among
the acts passed by the last Legislature at the last
moment was one authorising a popular Convention
to amend the Constitution. Those who are opposed
to the present judicial system intend to move in
this convention for a return to the old system, with
every. prospect of success, if present signs may be
accepted as prophetic. About a dozen years ago
some theoretical Radical Reformers, by a coup de
main, got posses ion of a popular Convention and
revolu• ionised the judiciary. The Cliaucellorship,
which had been made illustrious by Kent, was abo-
lished ' • 'the courts were entirely remodelled ; all
the old occupants were turned out (without any
provision fir them) by the dent. uc'ion of all the
offices, and the new tenures were made elective and
for short terms. What the framers of this scheme
(which I might without much exaggeration call ini-
quit•ius) intended, speedily came to pass.
In the beginning 'here was some show of fairness.
who had by their learning arid integrity
pr •ved themselves worthy of their posts, were re-
turned irrespective of patty ties. But this pre-
millenial state could not list. The anti-rent contra- •
versy sprang up between the great m .nor owners
and their tenants, and tie tenants voted for judges
who were opposed .0 enforcing the contracts of the
rich landlords. The rogues and ruffians, to.), soon
found that it was
were
excellent thing to elect the
magistrates who to preside over their trials ;
and before long the corrupt and vulgar machinery
of the "primary meeting" American Coppoeks
without the elegancies that surround that British
ins.itution, was applied for turning out judges, as
well as aldermen and members of Congress. As a
natural conssquence we have them made of the
same sort of tinite-r. The Bench of New York,
which was in the days of Chancellor Kent an orna-
ment to the c untry, has changed for the worse.
The geed people of New York have, however, an
opportunity to retrace their steps, and set all this
right once more, by making these offices originate
from Executive app. iinttnent, and their tenure dur-
ingg,,od behaviour. The public mind seems so much
dissatisfied with the present at its of things that a
change may be looked f r—a change which will ea
much nearer a revolution and much more worthy
of being chronicled than most of the political results
which find their way into the newspaper columns
as news.
The visit of the 7th Regiment of the New York
State Militia to the South has excited a great feel-
ing there, and is worthy a place in the chronicle of
news. This regiment—the favourite among the
Militia organizations of this town—is about 1,000
strong, composed entirely of gentlem -n and the
sons of gentlemen and persons well to do in tire
Their means are shown by Vie cite _lieu,' that Las
just taken p'ase all thi expenses of which, in-
cluding the chartering of the vessel, were borne by
themselves.
The railroads of the country are slowly settling
themselves after the panic. The Michigan Central
make a report which, showing a decrease in ex-
penses, is regarded as favourable, and the stock
consequently advances to 60. The New York
Central had been the subj-ct of attacks from
"bears," in consequence of the unsettled quarrels
with the Erie ; but the impression prevails that it
is steadily earning its dividends, notwithstanding
change of times and reduction of rates. The sickly
WeStern roads, teo, are dropping off, and purifying
the atmosphere by their fall. The Ohio and
Mississippi has made default again upon its first
mortgage bonds ; nor d es there appe sr to be any
disposition on the part of the present owners to re-
sume payment till some radical scheme for capi-
talization can be carried into effect. The Chicago
and Mississippi road—now called the St. Louis,
Alton, and Chicago Railroad—is perhaps the most
remarkable instance of recklessness iu the railway
management. It has been for over two years in the
hands of the present owners ; it is earning a large
sum annually above its working expenses. No in-
terest is paid, no account is rendered, nor can any
Sae court be found that will cempel an account or
assist the bondholders On the whole, the revela•
tions made by the panic do not increase the con-
fidence in railway mortgage bonds as a security
that can be enforced. I believe that some New
York lawyers are considering the quesi ion whether,
under the peculiar trust laws of New York, a rail-
way morgage to trustees to secure an issue of
bonds can be sustained ; and that
the questiornattleis
likely to be raised soon. I apprehend there is
doubt that the validity of such trusts will be ens-
aiued. The public, however, are interes•ed to
k' ow that they can he questionel.
Vessels are arriving daily from the West Indies,
.
and a vig irons quarantine has been estatilished.
Experience has sh wu that wither, ai there is little
hepe of pr testing the town from inf-ction.
The official averages of the banks in he city of
pa-t week, ending Saturday,
New York for the
July 10. present, in the riggregate, the following
changes from the previous weekly statement of
July 3 :
Decrease in loans,
Increase in specie,
Increase in circulation,
Decrease in undrawn deposits,

Including the exchanges through the cleat irg.
house for the six business days since the last av,-
rage, and including also th e Sub-Treasury statement,
of Saturday afternoon, the following is the general
comparison With the exhibit of the previous week,