The Sun.
London, England, 1858-10-29 00:00:00

CANTERBURY HALL.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SIR,—In the notice of this establishment, in your
impression of this day, I observe you name only the
builder, Mr. Reynolds, in connexion with carrying
out the works. Would you obligingly allow me an
opportunity of stating that the whole have been
erected from my designs, and under my superinten-
dence, as architect to the spirited proprietor, Mr.
Morton.-1 am, Sir, yours, &e.,SAUEL FIELD.
13, Beaufort-buildings, Oct. 28, 1858.

THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.

We take the following from the monthly sum-
mary of the Cape Town Mail:—
" The first question on the arrival of the Cape September
mail in England will be, What has been done for India ?
From the first intelligence of the Indian. troubles the Gover-
nor and people of the Cape have exerted themselves to the
utmost of their ability for her Majesty's service in the
East. Every sailor that could be spared in the critics
circumstances of the colony was forwarded without delay,
specie was transmitted from the Treasury, and liberal
contributions were raised for the relief of the sufferers.
For the artillery and cavalry also a large supply of
horses fit for immediate service was readily obtained at
the Cape. As affairs became more tranquil en the fron-
tier fresh draughts were made from -the forces, and at
this moment the 31st Regiment, the remainder of the 24/
Queen's, the 60th Rifles, with artillery, and 1,400 0r.1,500
volunteers from the German Legion in British Caffrarial
are embarking or preparing to embark for Bombay. The
news of the sepoy revolt reached the Cape at the doe
when Caffraria was passing through an unprecedented re-
volution. The whole population was uprooted as it- were
and detached from the soil by the impolitic slaughter of
their cattle and the destruction of their crops, and read,'
at a word to be precipitated 'on the colony. Had the ma'
tary force been suddenly reduced at that moment, as it
was in 1849, so far from being able to assist India as We'
have done, and are now doing, several additional regiments
would have been required to save the colony from massacre
and devastation. It is now manifest that Sir Geo. Grey's
proceedings in this case have the merit of prudence, fore-
sight, and firmness. The revolt in India was known la
Caffraria, and was proclaimed by the hostile chiefs and
native tribes of the interior, to promote a general combine'
tion against British power. The example of a rebeliion in
Africa, and its temporary success, could not have failed to
add fuel to the Indian insurrection. The maintenance of
British authority and the tranquillity thus secured must
have a contrary effect.
" With regard to South Africa itself, Sir George Grey's
general policy and administration continue to operate bone'
ficially for the colonists and the native tribes with whore
we are most intimately connected. British authority has
been finally established supreme in Caffraria, not only with-
out a crime, but in the exercise of undoubted and unclad"
able benevolence. The chiefs have lost the power which
they so grossly abused, and the people in starving thousands
have been received into the bosom of the colony, supplied
with everything necessary for life, and guarded by just and
equitable laws, which provide suitable employment for
each, and secure to every one of them the due reward
of his industry for any term not exceeding five years. The
number thus admitted and located, not in masses, but de"
fused, individually or in families, among our industrious
population exceeds 30,000. The effects of civilised habits
on their minds, and especially on the minds of the young,
during that time must be great and permanent, even should
they return to their own corner of the country afterwards.
They will be free to return when they prefer it, and lands
have been reserved for their location ; but the time is es+.
dently approaching when Caffraria and the colony will be
equally open to natives and colonists, and men of all races
will settle in either according to their inclinations. This
would have appearnd impossible not many years ago, and
could not have been brought about by force or the wisdom
of man. It is the fruit of events which could neither be
foreseen nor controlled.
" On a strip of land in British Caffraria, along the course
of the Buffalo River between King William's Town and,
the port of East London, Sir G. Grey is forming a line of
agricultural farms, to be offered chiefly to colonial farmers
or such as have experience in South African agriculture.
Cultivation is also encouraged everywhere among the,
natives, for which large tracts of that country are favour'
able. It is by agriculture alone that the barbarous tribes
of Africa can be civilised, or saved from expulsion or eiter
mination in the neighbourhood of European settlements.
Shepherd kings have been warriors, aggressors, and con-
querors from the beginning of time, in Europe and Asia'
as well as in Africa. A migration even of civilised herds'
men into the interior of this country is a practical declass'
tion of war. They may wish for peace—we hope the,'
do—but they seek it where it never yet was found. It
is from agricultural and commercial settlements on the
sea coast and on the banks of rivers, the birth-place
and natural inheritance of industry and the art.*
that civilisation extends its transforming influences
over hunting and pastoral tribes ; and it is there
that such settlements can be established without encroach'
ing violently on grounds of any value to the natives. Seth'
to a certain extent is the British settlement at Port Nate'
Such we expect to see at more than one point between the
colony and that port, or beyond it, where at present the
coast for miles inward is either vacant, being unfit for pas'
ture as conducted by ignorant natives, or where the natives
would willingly in a short time unite with the agriculturist
and the merchant. Settlements of this sort are alwsYo
under the control of British law, being within the reach of
British power. It is far otherwise with settlements in the
interior, as we found to our cost when we assumed the
sovereignty beyond the Orange River, where we were en:
tangled in perpetual broils, in which defeat was disgraceful
and victory without fruit.
" Sir George Grey is still engaged in mediating between
the Free State, a settlement of Europeans, chiefly pastoral?
and the native chief Moshesh. Is peace impossiblb there ?
They have just breathed from a fierce war; .but, in the
meantime, the 'forces of the Free State and the Transow'
Republic, another European settlement, have been avestg'
ing injuries upon some tribes beyond them, with consider-
able slaughter and much booty. , We say nothing at present
of right or wrong. We speak of the genius of the posit/Olt
of the 'force of circumstances, of natural causes and effects'
It is the old history of Abraham and Lot—' Thy herdsmen
and my herdsmen cannot agree.' There are, however, some
grounds of hope even in this quarter. Agriculture has n'cle
considerable progress, not only in the Free State, but in WO
conterminous native States—Griqua Town, Phllippolist
and among the Basutas, or Moshesh's people. ChristianitY
is professed by many, and Christian missionaries are gene.
rally respected. There is a good deal of industry, trades er
division of labour, and shops. They have also gunpowder
and guns, and are fast learning how to use them. If
mutual respect and prudence keep them from blows for 6
few years longer, a solid peace may be raised on the founda"
tion.
"In the colony itself we are perfectly peaceful, and in all
things prosperous and progressive. The revenue, notwith-
standing some reduction of imposts, is increasing constantlYt
and will considerably exceed the estimated expenditure'
though that will, or should be, unusually largo, on account
of the numerous public works authorized by last Parga"
meat. These were roads, bridges, goals, and hospitals,sonte
of which are in hand, and all in a fair way. The contract
for the first railway, 50 miles In length, from Cape Town to
Wellington, has also been completed ; and preparations are
in progress for commencing the great breakwater or her'
bour in Table Bay ; not so great a work as Cherbourg, but
not inferior to Plymouth barrier against the waves of
deep and stormy sea.
" Of immigrants, we have now received 1,749 ; and so far,
the colonists appear well satisfied with the selection made
by the agents. Most of them have found suitable employ-
ment in various parts of the country.
" Her Majesty's steamer Megmra left Table Bay on Sa-
turday last, the 18th inst., for East London, where she will

embark the left wing of the 60th Rifles, and then leave for
Bombay. She has embarked from Cape Town about"3o
invalids, who arrived here some time agy from India, but
have since recovered. They belong to the 6th, 73d, 90th,
32d (Lucknow), and other regiments.
" Her Majesty's steamer Simoom will convey to India
the 31st Regiment, which has only recently arrived in di°
colony from England. ,
" The whole number of reinforcements despatched t°
the seat of war by, these steamers is close upon 3,000 men.

The removal of these troops will leave an exposed frontier,
which 12 months ago was garrisoned by about 10,000
men, with only a portion of the 45th, the 85th, the Cape
Mounted Rifles, and the remnant of the German Legion.
These are distributed in numerous distant posts, on and
beyond the eastern frontier, and in British Caffraria and
Natal ; leaving in the Western Province only a small do-
tachment of the Cape Corps (about 40) and three artillery'
men to garrison her Majesty's Castle of Good Hope' and
the adjacent batteries.

" It is satisfactory to record that during the winter, no'
over, not a single shipping accident has occurred in Table
Bay.

" Three Caffres charged with the murder of the ROT
Mr. Wilson, English Church minister in British Centrist
have been found guilty, and condemned to death.
" The shipping of horses by the East India Company
remount agents is still carried on, chiefly from Algoa
whence several vessels have lately sailed from Bombay
with about 600 horses.

" The ship Edward Oliver arrived in Table Bay on the
12th of Seeptember from Liverpool, with 473 immigrants
for this colony, reporting seven births and 15 births during
the voyage.
" On Sunday, the 12th of September, the ship Merchant'
man, having on board a number of troops for India, put
into Table Bay to land the officers, crew, and passengers °f
the Eastern City, one of the Black Ball line, which hal
been burnt at sea on the 23d and 24th of August, in lat. 31
S., long. 32 W., when on her way from Liverpool to Me!'
bourne. The Merchantman fortunately hove in sight in
time to save all on board, with the exception of one
man, who is supposed to have been suffocated in Ins
berth. After landing these people here, the Mer-
chantman proceeded on her voyage. A subscription has
been opened and everything done for the relief of the
passengers, most of whom have lost all they possessed.
Under the direction of Government, the Emigration Boar'
has called for tenders for a vossel to convey them to their
destination. _ _

M-'•inialigence has been received here of the loss of Messrs-
Dunbar's ship Rodney, on the 7th of June, on a reef in 0
Torres Straits ; the captain and crew saved. Capt. Bisf 0'
and lady have arrived at the Cape.
" The Royal mail steamer Celt arrived in Table Bay. 011
the 14th inst. with the English mails of the 6th u1t.—.1119",
within her contract time, notwithstanding an accident to
her screw, which compelled her to sail part of the way. " The only vessels of war now at the Cape are the
steamers Hermes and Simoom, the flag-ship Boscawon being
on a cruise to Mauritius, &c.

A DEAR Kiss.—The Cheltenham Magistrates,
have fined a young farmer, named Charles Cook, V, n'lne
costs, for kissing a girl, named Mary Ann Ayres, on u"
Alstoue-road,—Math Chronicle.

TOPE.

sum-

September
:or India
the Over-
Ives to the

ice in the
the critics
Lout delay,
nd liberal

sufferers•
supply of
btained at

the fron-
es, and at
of the 2d
10 or 1,500
Caffrarial
my. The

the time
Tented re-
Is it were
'tighter of
and readl

the mill'
Lent, as it

dia as we'

regimente
L massacre

eo. Grey's
nee, fore'

blown in
hiefs and

combinv
ebeliion in
e failed to
tenanee of
ured roust

.ge Grey's
rate

rith whoel
iority ha
only with-
id undeni-
wer which
thousands
r, supplied
)y just and
yment for
ue reward

ears. The

but ellf-
udustrious
sed habits
;he young,
yen should
'terwards•
and Undo

ime is ems'
ny will be
f all races
ms. This
; ago, Oa

ne wisdom
neither be

the course
Town and
a line of
al farnaolli
zriculttire•

nong the

re favour".'

betweea
pastoral,
)lb there ?

It, in the
Cransvolu
avant;'
consider'
it present
position,
id efeat°'
ierdsmen
ver, some
has made
t in three
tilippolie,
ristiana

Ire gene•
trades or
npowder
hem•
mvs for
e founds"

nd in all
notwitlr
astantlyi

enditure►

alo,sonte
contract
Town to

Lions are

r or har"
urge but

ofgives

d so far,
n made

employ-

Y on Sa"
she will

)ave for
bout"3°
Ea, but
I, 90th,

,c, India
in tho

shed to
0 men•

'rontier!

10,000
Le Cape
Legion.
on and
is and
mil de-
tinert
►e' and

w, now
L Table

e ROT
ffrariat

a3l33a:Z
ombai

on the
gTaPts
luring

essrs•
vf in io
3is et