The Sun.
London, England, 1858-07-27 00:00:00

T HIE SIT I.St; I', N N, TMEIS DA Y

.....-----....—..----.....-- .
ited in the mind of an independent JONATHAN
at an unceremonious and unjustifiable visit and
scrutiny into his private affairs. ‘ -
Vie Cabinet of Washington complained, and
\that of St. James's answered promptly, honour-
ably, and candidly. Thera was no evasion or
subterfuge. The pretended claim was fairly and
unequivocally abandoned. The opinions of the
law officers of the Crown had been taken, and
they were acted on without delay. These opinions
have now been confirmed, as we hare already
stated, by the highest living authority, and must
be recognised as sound and unquestionable law.
1 But the?cnusual candour, the absence of quibbling,
on the part of the Foreign Secretary, was some-
thing really astounding. It has . elicited an ex-
pression of good feeling on the part of the Ameri-
can Government, and we may now anticipate thai
concessions will be made, and privileges granted,
that would never have been obtained bad we
adopted the usual- practice of diplomatic menda-
city and equivocation. We trust the United
States and France will prove that their standard:.
shall no longer be abused, or permitted to shelter
the most nefarious conduct. It is no less for
their own honour than for the interests of huma-
nity that they should do so.

Within five years there have been 5,128 either
otal or partial shipwrecks on our coast, 2,184 of

the former and 2,944 of the latter. In these,

4,148 persons have lost their lives, to say nothing
of those seriously injarea, and the money value
swallowed up in the insatiable ocean has been
7,500,0001. or 1,500,0001. per annum. We have
these facts on the high authority of Mr. WILSON,

who has brought forward all matters connected
with the subject clearly and efficiently, as he i,

capable of doing whenever he pleases. He is cer-
tainly entitled to the highest credit for the zeal
and assiduity which he has displayed in this in-
teresting and important question, and for the

manner in which he has brought it forward.
Tne Government have also promptly responded to

Ihe ap?lication and granted the Commission,

which will, we trust, lead to the completion of
Harbours of Refuge wherever they may be re

sun.

quired along our coast.
The cost of the harbours recommended by the
Committee would, it appears, amount tc
2,500,0001.—a large sum, not to be lightly ex-
pended. But what is offered to the other side of
the account ? The interest of that capital would
amount to 75,0001., or perhaps 80,0001. per
annum. The money losses by wrecks on the coast
are 1,500,0001. Of course, some would] still
I occur, even under the most favourable circum-
stances. But we believe that we are more than
justified in asserting that at least half of these
arise from preventible causes. From 750,0001. to
800,0001. is thus destroyed, literally flung into
the sea, which might be saved for the tenth part

of the amount. Nor is this all. Between 400
and 500 lives, the majority of them skilful and
experienced seamen, are sacrificed in each and
every year in the same manner. We forfeit a
thousand per cent. on the money cost, and sacri-
fice 420 victims per annum, to the same
shallow, " penny-wise and pound-foolish" policy.
Besides, the required 2,500,0001. would not
be thrown away. It would merely be transferred
from one pocket to another, there would be no
diminution of national wealth in consequence of
the outlay, although there would be a❑ enormous
increase of that very wealth from the results. It
would give employment to hardy and energetic
labourers, whose money would circulate rapidly in
the vicinities in which they were working, increasing
the prosperity and the revenue of the country.
The most superficial observer must admit that it
would be better to have a thousand pounds thus
expended than property worth five hundred de-
stroyed. There are abundant reasons fur the
construction of harbours of refuge, even on a
more enlarged scale than recommended by the
committee. It must, however, be borne in mind
that the works are for the benefit of posterity,
and that therefore the expense may fairly be
added to the national burdens, for which our
children and children's children will have to
provide.

The great problem has been solved. Baron
LIONEL DE ROTHSCHILD, for twelve successive
years the chosen representative of the British
metropolis, has been permitted to take the oaths
and his seat in the manner and form which he
declared to be most binding on his conscience.
Posterity will scarcely credit the difficulties which
have been raised, the animosities excited, on this
simple question. Our descendan! s will certainly
not have much cause to vaunt themselves on the
wisdom of their ancestors.

The ease may be simply stated. It wai deems

indispensable to the security of the British
Constitution that every memb3r of either
branch of the Legislature should swear that he
would not support the claims of certain imaginary
beings who had no existence ia reruab natures to
the British Throne. It was not sufficient that he
should profess true allegiance to glean VICTORIA,
but he should emphatically repudiate the un-
known and non-existing .Preteacier should
take the LORD'S name in. vain, in the exuberance
of his loyalty and devotion to the House of
Brunswick. _ _ _

Well, a gentleman of unblemished reputation
and enormous wealth. was elected as one of the
members of the British Metropolis. The voice of
calumny itself could not cast a slander on his
private or public character, and his fitness for the
high position for which he was selected was univer-
sally admitted. He was prepared to swallow the
ridiculous oath on every substantial point, but ho
did not approve of the form, which he candidly do
eared would not be binding on his conscience.
But our sensible .legislators would not permit this
plain 'course to be adopted. The House of Com-
mons would not judge of its own Irivile,g,es, and
the Lords were only too anxious to obtain an
opportunity of displaying their bigotry and in-
tolerance. "

The matter has at length been settled, after a
contest more tedious than that which took place
before the walls of Troy. The Hereditary Legis-
lators have yielded albeit with a bad grace.
They have yielded, however, and Baron
LIONEL DE ROTHSCHILD has already voted in his
capacity as member for the City of London, a
collision between the co-ordinate branches of
Parliament has been avoided, and one of the
latest marks of bigotry and intolerance has been
I erased from the national statute book.

Hie Excellency the Duke of Malakoff went to Lord's
Cricket Ground yesterday, and wag presented by the
subscribers with a cricket•bat, ball, and stumps as a
memorial of his visit.

forlisTheuMuthaachmiopatarask,ofo An ilatabvt .tua htaos lxteftr.o rai
rdcgoen'
tHotel
Frances Conntest Waldegrave.
Lord Brougham has contented to officiate at the cut-
ting cf the first sod of the Eden Valley Railway, at
Appleby, en Wednesday, the 4th of August.
theA,xtceh' eigorgaernonfrLo m
on rotr.,
aPt 6;6(1.12:
,uargn,a yesterday, quotes
of qtaulaitoe:
A, 155 to 156 10., with 10 ro. "dowc," to delivery in
AnguNt.
The Governor of the Hu IPon's Bay Company had an
interview with the Right Hon. E. Bulw Ly
bad er
alio aq interview
yesterday. Mr. Wyld,
with the right hon. baronet at the Colonial-office.

• T
r. A ‘• A
tilk4 s yv 6
..4 A.

-

INDIA AND CHINA.

We have received by extraordinary express,
via Marseilles, papers and correspondence from
Calcutta to the 18th June, and Hong Kong to
the 7th June.
The Calcutta Englishman in its editorial com-
mentary of the 18th June has the following :
" The English mail of the 10th of May, and an
outline of that of the 17th, reached us within an
interval of forty-eight hours. The intelligence
has produced a roost painful impression, for it
leads to the conviction that whilst the local au-
thorities are struggling hard to maintain British
supremacy and re-establish order, Parliament is
influenced by party spirit, and India, her future
position and prosperity, are matters of only
secondary consideration. We therefore cannot
hesitate any longer to impress upon the attention
of our readers at home our present position, which
will be best understood when we state that whilst
the British hold every fortress and place of im-
portance throughout the disaffected provinces; the
country itself may be said to be in possession of
the rebels.
"Delhi, Agra, Jhansi, Bareilly, Shajehanpore,
Calpee, Lucknow, Cawnpore, and Allahabad, are
protected by European troops, but our authority
scarcely extends beyond the reach of our guns,
and the intervening districts are overrun
by rebels and budmashes, who move about as
they please, marking their course by plunder and
destruction of property, and setting at defiance
every attempt to restore order and tranquillity.
Indigo factories, public and private bungalows,
and railway depots have been burned, and we art
thankful that these deeds have net been accom-
panied by the murder of Europeans, though doubt-
less not for want of inclination on the part of the
rebels, but want of opportunities. it will be seen
that our troops have again been engaged on seve-
ral occasions with . the enemy, and, although fit
'each instance perfectly successful, yet the majo-
rity of the rebels have, as usual, managed tr
escape. This, however, can hardly be wondered
at, for in the absence of adequate cavalry, and
with the dreadful heat of the season, pursuit of
the fugitives would have been useless, and in all
probability only added to the frightful mortality
of our brave men, who fall daily victims to the
We are not overstating the fact by men-
toning, that sun-stroke, heat, and apoplexy, art
regularly decimating the several corps engaged is
the suppression of the rebellion, an apprehensiou
which we have frequently expressed, and which,
unhappily, is fully realised.
"It was generally hoped that after the fall of
Calpee our troops would have had comparative
rest, and that campaigning was over until after the
rains, our movements being during that period
confined to such measures as could be carried out
by means of our powerful steam flotilla and the
numerous gunboats lately built ; indeed, the ar-
rangements which have been made for accommodat-
ing the Commander-in-Chief and his staff at Allaha
bad, confirmed such impression. These
the sudden
hopes,
however, have been disappointed by
mutiny of the Gwalior troops, who fraternised with
the rebels, and assumed the aggressive. It appears
that the greater portion of the rebels who escaped
from Calpee and Indorkee advanced towards
Gwalior, and that their number swelled as they pro-
ceeded by Bydalgaon and Chulis. The moment
news of the advance was received at Gwalior, the
Maharajah ordered out his forces, took the com-
mand in person, and met the rebels near Mortar,
which is about two miles from the cantonments.
A battle ensued, and ended in the fraternisation
of the Maharajah's forces with the rebels, he him-
self having to run for his life under the pro-
tection of the body-guard, which alone re-
mained faithful to him. The rebels are said to
be about 15,000 strong, with a large proportion
of artillery and cavalry, and they are headed
by the Nawab of Banda, Jhansi, Ranee,,
Tantia Topee, Rao Seheb, nephew of the infamous
Nana ; Ram Rao Govind, and Luchmun Nana,
which latter was formerly the Chief of the Customs
in the territory of the Gwalior Rajah. Particular,
of this mutiny will be found in another column,
and we have only to mention that the Rajah him-
self has safely reached Agra, where he was received
with the salute due to his rank. The task of sub-
duing the Gwalior rebels devolves upon that ex-
cellent officer Sir Hugh Rose. His force was try
be at Mahone, which is exactly half-way between
Calpee and Gwalior, on the Ist instant, and a strong
division under Major Macpherson left Calpee on
the 2d to join him. The Sipree Brigade was also
marching to join him. Sipree and Mahona are
equidistant from Gwalior, the one directly south,
the other east, so that the rebels will not be able
to escape in these directions. To the north is the
Chumbul, and a small force from Agra will pre-
vent them from crossing, so that there is ever)
prospect of their being hemmed in and compelled
to fight. As, however, the extreme heat must
naturally render these movements somewhat sic wel
than is desirable, we must not be too sanguine in our
expectations of a prompt subjugation of the rebel-,
who, pending the advance of our forces, will ga n
addieional numbers of men, and, considering the
position which they hold, are not unlikely to
offer strong resistance. We only trust that the
report of Sir Hugh Rose being compelled b 3
illness to res'gn the command into other hands
may not prove correct. Of all the mutinies which
have taken place in the various parts in India,
that in Gwalior ought to have been the last to take
us by surprise. Experience has shown that the
rebels, whenever discomfited, or, as it may be more
appropriately termed, dispersed, shortly afterwards
concentrated on some other strong point, and after
being driven away from all the strongholds in Oude
and Robilcund, it was almost to be foreseen that
Gwalior would most likely be their next point of
rendezvous. Maharajah Rao Scindiah himself
seems to have been under that impression, for he
repeatedly applied through the political agent for
aid, and it is even said that he went so far as to say
that half a regiment of European soldiers would
enable him to keep the rebels in check. What
reply was given to his application we know not,
but the request for aid was not complied with, and
What the Maharajah apprehended has occurred.
What n.ust be Rao Scindiah's ideas of British
Princes
ses Heai
acted
eti
al
hl
eni
uopdoi dsc
iiotouiu
sobnit
y, inini
wn
het
tiihccehk
iehnieigdw,t
oafis
unpsdi a
buteeue
dt
powfteh wa t el.
he
?
would have
,doneso'
[A
Madras despatch reports that the forces under
Sir H. Rose had retaken Gwalior on the 20th June,
aftrN a
esemeefag,ltatiaosftfcare boors.]
We satisfaction to announce
that some of the rebel leaders have fallen into our
wHereajeaerreSsbtee
hands,
Princes
ofD theara EIS hiebkioah family,a n d
arrested
two
e
Thannadar of Kaisseinpore, in the Morababad dis-
trict, but we have not learnt what has been done
with them. The rebel chief Nishan Sing, a nephew
of Koer Sing, has been captured, and made over by
magistrate of Sasseram to the military
He confirmed the death of his uncle,
theaut
bdoerpi
tui teys .
and was blown away from a gun by sentence of a
court-martial. A report has also been current that
the Nana had been, caught, and even the name
of his captor is stated ; but no official intimation to
that effect has as yet been made public.
" The Court-martial sitting at Jullunder for the
trial of the officers and men of the 4th Native
Infantry, which conspired to murder all the Euro-
pean officers at Hosheurpore, in the Punjaub, has
brought its labours to a close. Thirteen commis-
sioned and non-commissioned officers were blown
away from gnus, and one hundred and fifty men
sentenced to transportation beyond the seas."
INFORMATION FURNISHED BY
. GOVERNMENT.
The following items of news were supplied by
Government in the Calcutta journals.
Service message from Brigadier General Lneard,
dated Camp KFAtwa, 4th June : •
"Va.tne tad inFtant 1 divided -my for,::.! i•ito. •N'! g.,
and estan!istied my camps at Keehwa and Duneeecee
with a line of -post3-across the jungle, and -on the 3rd
instant a broad road was cut through the jungle to
connect the camps. Havicg
thus completely hetewed

the rebels into the southern end, I attacked them with
my whole force on the 4th instant, with a very success-
fa; result. They attempted to stand, and the 10th and
84th Foot at them with the bayonet. Upwards of one
hundred bodies were counted lying dead. Two ele-
phants were taken, an I the rebels were driven from the
jungle and pursued, but with little success, as they
broke up into small parties. It is reported that a party
of one hundred and fifty crossed the Ganges and joined
the rebels the day before I attacked them."
Service message from Commissioner of Patna,
dated sth June :
"Enemy were attacked at Jitthowra and Jamwan
yesterday morning, and fled to the west, leaving ninety
leer of their number on the ground. Our loss was two
privates killed, one officer Military Train, and three
privates wounded."
Service message from G. F. Edmonstone, Esq.,
dated Allahabad, sth June :
" Thirteen commissioned and non-corami-sioned na
tire officers of the 4th Native Infantry were blown away
tram guns and shot at Jullunder on the Ist June, and
150 men sentenced to tra.nsportition beyond seas. Tht
sentences were awarded by a military court. Major
O-r, who was detached by So. Hugh Rose to attack the
rebel chief of Biowala, had succeeded in capturing the
tort of that name, killing 150 men and taking 38 pri-
been liberated from gaol, that
sp.;
seorns
e. r 8 lotfiaGrveapiltrotrehdafacom Agra, 7.26 p.m., that the
rantia Tepee had proclaimed the. Nana, and that the
rebels bad not occupied the fort—that is, they had put
nether garrison nor guns into the fort. The Killadav
said to have surrendered, and the Goojars are reported
m be plundering in all directions."
Service message from Commissioner of Patna,
dated Bth June, 1858, 7 a.m,
Rebels have crossed the ' Kuoumnassa,' and gone
to Gadnur, where they expect to be reinforced and re-
ceive ammunition, when they say they will return to the
jingle. They are sending parties acroaT, and burning
ungalows close up to Buxar. General Lugard marcheo
for Buxar yesterday evening with the 84th, and some
cavalry and guns."
Service message from the Deputy Magistrate of
Sasseram, dated 7th June :
" In the absence of the Commissioner empowered to
try the rebel chief, Nisban Sing, he was made over to
the military authorities, and this morning blown away
'rom a gun by sentence of court-martial."

CONIMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
(From the Calcutta, Englishman, of June 18 )
On the 10th inst. we received our London mail of the
tEh May last, per steamer Bstigal, and on the 11th the
lectric telegraph via Bambay furnished us with the
heads of Fid.itical and commercial accounts from London
.1 the 17th May. There is an evident improvement ie
ur East India produce markets, and we are led to be-
lieve that it will be progressive, and not . transient.
Vioney was abundant, and there was more inclination tr,
inter into operations in produce than for some time past
Indigo bad improved in valhe. Large sales had been
-ff,cted of China raw silk, at former prices, but in 13.2n-
.a1s there was nothing doing. Sugar had slightly de-
:lined. Saltpetre had recovered the previous decline of
1,. Oil seeds had improved in value; other articles
ouch about the same as before:
THE PRODUCE MARKET.
. Oar export market has shown- some signs of revival,
and business to a fair extent has been done in some 0.
,ur favourite articles. Supplies, however, are amal
which enables dealers to command their own rates.

IMPORT MARKET.
The piece goods market has assumed a quiet tone,
l'..hough as yet no material decline had been submitted
o, with the exception of middling and low gray shirt-
ngs, which are about 2 annas lower, while heavy good.,
tre in good demand at full previous rates. Bleached
;nods, owing to light supplies, are in good poEition and
lemand.

CHINA.
(From Oa Friend of China, June 7.)
From this part of the world the news is pithy
And exciting. We have to tell of two battles—one
victory, the other not unlike a defeat. The vic-
ory consists in the capture of the forts at the
mouth of the Peiho—the other affair, an attack o❑
a camp of braves about a dozen miles, north-east a
Canton. Details of each of these matters will be
found in separate columns. Our losses in both
businesses were severe. Through the explosion of
mines, rather than by gun-shot, the casualties at
the Peiho exceeded a hundred. At Canton some
,ixty were hors de combat from sun-stroke—besides
About a dozen killed, wounded, or made pri-

soners.
In resumption of our usual chronicle of the
movements of the Earl of Elgin, and the other
Ambassadors, we have now to report as follows.
Tan, Governor-General of Millie, having intimated
his authority to treat on behalf of the Emperor,
was requested to obtain letters of similar purport
co those handed by Ei4pu and Keying in the nego-
tiations at Nankin in 1842. What was the asto-
nishment of the Ambassadors to learn from the lips
of Tan, that Sir Henry Pottinger was imposed
upon, and that Keying forged the Emperor's letters
of authorisation of which the Eirl of Elgin had
sent Tan copies
It was the American and Russian Envoys who
were told this ; neither the Earl of Elgin nor
Baron Gros have yet seen a Chinese Mandarin in
the north. It is understood that on learning
what Tan said, the French and English Ambassa-
dors intimated to him that only at Peking would
they now treat, and at once demanded a suitable
escort. The time allowed for compliance with the
request having expired, Admirals Seymour and
De Genouilly were requested to see what virtue
lay in shells ; and upon this the forts at the en-
trance of the river were taken. As the despa'ch
bearers left the Gulf of Pecheli on the 221 ult.,
the allied squadron of gunboats was proceeding to

Teen-tdn.
The Russian and American Envoys appear to
have been very useful as "go betwr ens." Less
punctilious than the French and English Minis-
ters, the American at once declared to Tan what
it ve,..s his Government wanted ; discussed the
details of a new treaty, and only broke off nego-
tiations when Tau point blank declared that
Peking could be no place of residence for officers
)f foreign Governments. The particular business
f the Russian Eevoy, in his conference with 'Lai
(or Ten-teing-siane) is said to have been confine)
o the question of boundaries. In reality, how-
ever, there is no knowing what the Russ is up to.
With the aid of the French Artillery, SapperQ,
Marines, and seamen, some 600 in all, which 11 tve
iust left Hong Kong for the Galf, it is supposed
that, after making a demonstration on Teen-tsin,
the Admirals will simply hold the points captured,
n d maiutain a strict blockade till cool weather sets
.n, when, with further reinforcements, we can ad-
vance on the capital. As for concession from Hien-
rung until he is thoroughly punished and a prisoner,
perhaps, we may not expect it.
It is not improbable but next mail will convey
to °Europe the commencement of another series of
" tales of the rebellion." Under Taiping-wang's
Assistant King, Shih-tah-kie, a large force have
hreatened, if ere this they have not captured,
Niugpo. We are all anxious to see What kind of
people these Nanking men will turn out. If as
ardent as ever in their iconoclastic propensities and
still as Sabbath and Bible respecting as when they
were first discovered by the Rattlers, they could
not fix their.povernment at a better point; for at
Ningpo there is little or no foreign trade, and but
little activity b3yond prayer-meeting and mis-
sionary school-teaching. Should they turn out as
good as we expect.they will, the British Govern-
ment should not, by any means, again permit Sir
John Bowring to practise his jesuitical intrigues,
and exercise his power in stopping the Rrogress of
the revolution, as he did at Canton in 1854-55.
Certainly the Earl of Elgin is here to keep him in
check, but it can be but partially.
Trade has been very dull at Canton for some
weeks past, and the news from Peking appears
more than likely to put a stop to it altogether.
Far-seeing Chinese say that in, a few weeks we
shall have a difficulty in obtaining provisions, even
in Hong Kong, for the Awes are at work now that
they know the Emperor's real sentiments. The
Government in commission are acting as blindly as
ever. A. week or two ago they took off the em-
bargo on goods moving from the city. In twelve
hours 18,000 packages were carried through the
gates. This was alarming ; so interdiction again
became the order of the day.
The expedition in search of braves appears to
have been a most ill-managed affair. Mr. Com-
missioner Parkes had received information from
one of his emissaries that tents were pitched some-
where under the mountains to the north-east of
Canton, and about abreast the E barrier, s'y
midway between Wl:ampoa and Canton. This in-
formation being conveyed to Major-General Van
Straubenzee, his Excellency de.ermined on a re-
connaissance. Off, ae.iorditt3le, efettittl
the General, the French Comraedore, soln
other se
(the Adjutant-General, Cul. Stephenson, is
in Hong Kong we see.) In course one of the
temples on the mountain was moiled, and there