The Sun.
London, England, 1858-07-27 00:00:00

IT N,- fIND_O'N,

ezcited in the mind of an independent :TCNAITAN 1
at an unceremonious and unjustifiable visit and 1
scrutiny into his private affairs.
The Cabinet of Washington complained, and
that of St. James's answered promptly, honour-
ably, and candidly. There was no evasion or
subterfuge. The pretended claim was fairly and
unequivocally abandoned. The opinions of the
law officers of the Crown had been taken, and
they were acted on without delay. These opinions
have now been confirmed, as we have already
stated, by the highest living authority, and must
be recognised as sound and unquestionable law.
But theunitsual candour, the absence of quibbling,
on the part of the Foreign Secretary, was some-
thing really astounding. It has elicited an ex-
pression of good feeling on the part of the Ameri-
can Government, and we may now anticipate that
concessions will be made, and privileges granted,
that would never have been obtained had we
adopted the usual practice of diplomatic menda-
city and equivocation. We trust the United
States and France will prove that their standards
shall no longer be abused, or permitted to shelter
the most nefarious conduct. It is no less for
their own honour than for the interests of huma-
nity that they should do so.

Within five years there have been 5,128 dither
total or partial shipwrecks on our coast, 2,184 of
the former and 2,944 of the latter. In these,
4,148 persons have lost their lives, to say nothing
of those seriously injured, and the money value
swallowed up in the insatiable ocean has been
7,500,0001. or 1,500,0001. per annum. We have
these facts on the high authority of Mr. WILSON,
who has brought forward all matters connected
with the subject clearly and efficiently, as he is
capable of doing whenever he pleases. He is cer-
tainly entitled to the highest credit for the zeal
and assiduity which he has displayed in this in-
teresting and important question, and for the
manner in which he has brought it forward.
The Government have also promptly responded to
the application and granted the Commission,
which will, we trust, lead to the completion of
Harbours of Refuge wherever they may be re•
quired along our coast.
The cost of the harbours recommended by the
Committee would, it appears, amount to
2,500,0001.—a large sum, not to be lightly ex-
pended. But what is offered to the other side of
the account ? The interest of that capital would
amount to 75,0001„ or perhaps 80,0001. per
annum. The money losses by wrecks on the coast
are 1,500,0001. Of course, some would] still
occur, even under the most favourable circum-
stances. But we believe that we are more than
justified in asserting that at least half of these
arise from preventible causes. From 750,0001. to
800,0001. is thus destroyed, literally flung into
the sea, which might be saved for the tenth part
of the amount. Nor is this all. Between 400
and 500 lives, the majority of them skilful and
experienced seamen, are sacrificed in each and
every year in the same manner. We forfeit a
thousand per cent, on the money cost, and sacri-
fice 420 victims per annum, to the same
shallow, " penny-wise and pound-foolish" policy.
Besides, the required 2,500,0001. would not
be thrown away. It would merely be transferred
from one pocket to another, there would be no
diminution of national wealth in consequence of
the outlay, although there would be at enormous
increase of Olaf; very wealth from the results, It
would give employment to hardy and energetic
labourers, whose money would circulate rapidly in
the vicinities i n which they were working, increasing
the prosperity and the revenue of the country.
The most superficial observer must admit that it
would be better to have a thousand pounds thus
expended than property worth five hundred de-
stroyed. There are abundant reasons for the
construction of harbours of refuge, even on a
more enlarged scale than recommended by th)
committee. It must, however, be borne in mind

that the works are for the benefit of posterity,
and that therefore the expense may fairly be
added to the national burdens, for which our
children and children's children will have to
provide.

The great problem has been solved. Baron
LIONEL DE ROTHSCHILD, for twelve sue ccssive
years the chosen representative of the British
metropolis, has been permitted to take th oaths
and his seat in the manner and form which he
declared to be most binding on his conscience.
Posterity will scarcely credit the difficulties which
have been raised, the animosities excited, on this
simple question. Oar descendants will cartainly
not have much cause to vaunt themselves on the
wisdom of their ancestors.

The case may be simply stated. It was deemed
indispensable to the security of the British
Constitution that every member of either
branch of the Legislature should swear that he
would not support the claims of certain imaginary
beings who had no existence in, rerum naitcra to
the Britisk Throne. It was not sufficient that he
should prJfess true allegiance to Queen VICTORIA,
but he should emphatically repudiate the un-
known and non-txisting Pretender ! should
take the Lou'sD name in vain, in the exuberance
of his loyalty and devotion to the gonse of
Brunswick-.

Well, a gentleman of unblemished reputation
and enormous wealth was elected as one of the
members of the British Metropolis. The voice of
calumny it:;elf could not cast a slander on his
private or public character, and his fitness for the
high position for which he was; selected WA.4 univer-
sally admitted. He was prepared to swallow the
ridiculous oath on every substantial point, but he
did not approve of the form, which he candidly do
Oared would not be binding on his conscience.
But our sensible legislators would not permit this
plain course to be adopted. The House of Com-
mons would not judge of its own privileges, and
the Lords were only too anxious to obtain an
opportunity of displaying their bigotry and in-
tolerance.

The matter has at length been settled, after a
contest more tedious than that which took place
before the walls of Troy. The Hereditary Legis-
lators have yielded albeit with a bad grace.
They have yielded, however, and Baron
LIONEL DE ROTHSCHILD has already voted in his
capacity as member for the City of London, a
collision between the co-ordinate branches of
Parliament has been avoided, anti one of the
latest marks of bigotry and intolerance has been
erased from the national statute book.

Tile Excellency the Doke of Malakoff went to Loid's
Crlcket Ground yesterday, and V9:19 presented by the
subscribers with a cricket bat, ball, and stumps as a
memorial of his visit.
?belt robin css of A.iltsbu y has left C'ar:dge., Hotel
for Nundhatn Park, on a visit to Mr. Harcourt and
Frances Cinuntts \Yaldegrave.

Lord Brougham has cnnEented to officiatett.the cut-
ting 0f•K
the first sod of the Eden ValleY ail Way, at
gl p'eby, en Wednesday, the 4th of August.
A teiegram from St. Pateriburg, yesterday, quotes
the fou.:hange on London at 36:}d., and the price of tallow
at 155 to 15t; ro., with 10 ro. "down," for delivery in
August.
The Governor of the Hu.ison's Bay Company had an
interview with the Right Hon. Sir E. Bulger Lyttcn
yesterday. Mr. Wyki, MT., bad alBo an interview
with the right hon. baronet at the Colonial-office.

• j
1.0 iN W

INDIA AND CHINA,

We ft ve received by extraordinary express,
via Morse papers and correspondence from
Calcutta to the 18th June, and Hong Kong to
the 7th June.
The Calcutta' -Englishman, in its editorial com-
-Bth June has the following :
mentary of the -1‘
" The English
nail of the 10th of May, and an
outline of that of Cle 17th, reached us within an
interval of forty-eig,ltt hours. The intelligence
has produced a most painful impression, for it
leads to the conviction that whilst the local au-
thorities are struggling hard to maintain British
supremacy and re-establish order, Parliament is
influenced by party spirit, and India, her future
position and prosperity, ww3 matters of only
secondary consideration. We therefore cannot
hesitate any longer to impress' upon the attention-
of our readers at home our pre sent position, which
will be best understood when ,a .0 state that whilst
the British hold every fortress and placo of im-
portanca throughout the disaffac ted provinces, the
country it3elf may be said to be in possession of
the rebels.

" Delhi, Agra, Jhansi, Shajehanpore,
Calpee, Lucknow, Cawnpore, and Allahabad, are
protected by European troops, but our authority
scarcely extends beyond the reach of our guns,
and the intervening districts are overrun
by rebels and budmashes, who move about as
they please, marking their course by plunder and
destruction of property, and setting at defiance
every attempt to restore order and tranquillity.
Indigo factories, public and private bungalows,
and railway depots have been burned, and we are
thankful that these deeds have ndt been accom-
panied by the murder of Europeans, though doubt-
less not for want of inclination on the part of the
rebels, but want of opportunities. It will be seen
that our troops have again been engaged on seve-
ral occasions with the enemy, and, although in
each instance perfectly successful, yet the majo-
rity of the rebels have, as usual, managed to
escape. This, however, can hardly be wondered
at, for in the absence of adequate cavalry, and
with the dreadful heat of the season, pursuit of
the fugitives would have been useless, and in all
probability only added to the frightful mortality
of our bravo men, who fall daily victims to the
sun. We are not overstating the fact by men-
tioning, that sun-stroke, heat, and apoplexy, are
regularly decimating the several corps engaged in
the suppression of the rebellion, au apprehension
which we Lave frequently expressed, and which,
unhappily, is folly realised.
" It was generally hoped that after the fall of
Calpee our troops would have had comparative
rest, and that campaigning was over until after the
rain, our movements being during that period
confined to such measures as could be carried out
by means of our powerful steam flotilla and the
numerous gunboats lately built ; indeed, the ar-
rangements which have been made for accommodat-
ing the Commander-in-Chief and his staff at Allaha
bad, confirmed such impression. These hopes,
however, have been disappointed by the sudden
mutiny of the Gwalior troops, who fraternised with
the rebels, and assumed the aggressive. It appears
that the greater portion of the rebels who escaped
from Calpee and Indorkee advanced towards
Gwalior, and that their number swelled as they pro-
ceeded by Bydalgaon and Chulis. The moment
news of the advance was received at Gwalior, the
Maharajah ordered out his forces, took the com-
mand in person, and met the rebels near Mortar,
which is about two .miles from the cantonments
A battle ensued, and ended in the fraternisation
of the Maharajah's forces with the rele2l3, he him
self having to run for his life under the pro-
tection of the body-guard, which alone re-
mained faithful to him. The rebels are said te
alpout 17,000 strong, sviah a, lags proportion
of artillery and
,cavalry, and they are headed
by the Nawab of Banda, Jhansi, Ranee;
Tautia Tepee, Rao Seheb, nephew of the infatuoue;
Nana; Ram Rao Goviud, and Luelimun Nana,
which latter was formerly the Chief of the Custom:
•in the territory of the Gwaliur Rajah. Particular,
of this intriny will be found in another column;
and we have cnly to mention that the _Rajah him-
self has safely reached Agra, where lie was receiveu
with the salute due to his rank. The task of sub-
duing the Gwalior rebels devolves upon that ex-
cellent oflic3r Sir Hugh Rose. His force was t
be at Mahona, which is exactly half-way batween

Calpee and Gwalior, on the Ist instant, and a stront
division under Major Macpherson left CAlpee on
the 2d to join him. The Sipree Brigade was aisc
marching to join him. Sipree and Mahona arc
equidistant front Gwalior, the one directly south,
the other east, so that the rebels will not be abh
to escape in these directions. To the north is the
Chumbul, and a small force from Agra will pre-
ve❑t them from crossing, so that there is ever;
prospect of their being hemmed in and compeller
to fight. As, however, the extreme heat mus
naturally render these movements SOM3 what slo we.
than is deals able, we must not be too san;uine in our
expectations of a prompt subjugation of the rebel ,
who, pending the advance of our forces, will gals
addi,ional numbers of men, and, considering tin
position which they hold, are not unlikely to
offer strong resistance. We only trust that the
report of Sir Hugh Rose being compelled b)
illness to resign the command into other hand:
may not prove correct. Of all the nautinie.s whirl
have taken place in the various parts in India,
that in Gwalior ought to have been the last to take
us by surprise. Experience has shown that the
rebels, whenever discomfited, or, as it may be more
appropriately termed, dispersed, shortly afterward:
concentrated on some other strong point, and aftsr
being driven away from all the strongholds in Oudt
and Rohilcund, it was almost to be foreseen that
Gwalior would most likely be their next point o,
reudezvou3. Maharajah Rao Scindiah hiaas&.
seems to have been under that impression, for ho
repeatedly applied through the political agent for
aid, and it is even said that he went so far as to sa3
that half a regiment of European soldiers would
enable him to keep the rebels in check. What
reply was given to his application we know Lot,
but the request for aid was not complied with, and
what the Maharajah apprehended has occurred.
What must be Rao Scindiales ideas of British
power ? He will no doubt, in the end, find out
that he has acted judiciously in sticking to ur, but
few Princes in the position in which be was place('
would have done so."
[A Madras despatch reports that the forces under
Sir H. Rose had ret ►ken Gwalior on the 20th June,
after a severe fight of four hours.]
" We have at last the satisfaction to announcr
that some of the rebel leaders have fallen into on,
}iamb, Dara Shekoah and klajee Shekoah, tw,
Princes of,the Delhi family, were arrested by the
Thannadar of Kaisseinpere, in the Morababad dis-

trict, but we have not learnt what his been dons
with them. The rebel chief Niihan Sing, a nephew
of Kcer Sing, has been captured, and made over by
the deputy magistrate of Sasserain to the military
authorities. He confirmed the death of his uncle,
and was blown away from a gun by sentence of
court-martial. A report has also been current that
the Nana had been caught, and even the name
of h:s captor is stated ; but no official intimation to
that effect Las as yer, been made public.
"The Court-martial sitting at Jull under for the
trial of the officers and inen of the 4th Native
Infantry, which conspired to murder all the Euro-
pean officers at Hoihnirpore, in the Punjaub, has
brought its labours to a close. Thirteen commis-
sioned and non-ccmmisiioned officers were blown
away from rins, and one hundred and fifty met:
sentenced to transportation beyond the Ee) s.

INFORMATION FURNISHED BY
GOVERNMENT.

The following items of news were supplied by
G overnrnmt in the Calcutta journals.
Service message from Brigadier General Lugard,
dated Camp Keshwa, 4th June :
" On the 2nd instant I divided my force into wings,
and establisLsd my camps at Keshwa and Dulleepore
with a line of posts across the jungle, and on the 3rd
instant a broad road was cut through the jungle to
connect the camps. HaTing thus completely hemmed