The Sun.
London, England, 1867-03-27 00:00:00

HIE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MARCH 27, 1807.

EUROPEAN ASSURANCE SOCIETY.
Empowered by Special Act of Parliament.
CHAIRMAN Gon. Sir FREDERIC SMITE', F.R.S.
Policies payable during life, indisputable, not liable to
forfeiture.
The ROYAL NAVAL, MILITARY, and EAST
INDIA Life Dcpartment, affording 'peculiar advantages to
Officers and others in the Navy and Army, is under the
especial luttronagehf
TIER MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY TEE. QUEEN.
Annual Premium Rmveutte' upwards of £3111,000.
New Premium Income in 1665 exceeded £62.000.
Fire: Guarantee, and Annuities at advantageous
rates.

Tho European is the only Society authorised by the im-
perial Parliamont to Guarantee the Fidelity of Govern-
ment Officials.

Full particulars of the popular principles of this Society
will be found in the New Prospectus, which will be for-
warded to applicants, post free.
Offices - 316, Regent-street; 17, Waterloo-place, Pall-
mall; and 69, King William-street, City.
HENRY LAKE, Manager.

CONTRACT FOR STEARINE CANDLES.
CONTRACT DEPARTMENT, ADMIRALTY.
Somerset House, March 23, 1867.
runE COMMISSIONERS for EXECUTING
.1_ the OFFICE of LORD HIGH ADMIRAL of the
UNITED KINGDOM of GREAT BRITAIN and IRE-
LAND do hereby Give Notice, that on MONDAY, the
15th April next, at Twelve o'clock at Noon, they will be
ready to treat with such persons as may be willing to Con-
tract Mr supplying and delivering into her Majesty's Vic-
tualling Stores at Deptford all such quantities of
STEARINE CANDLES FOR" SIGNAL LANTERNS,
as shall from time to time be demanded, under a contract
for twelve calendar months, certain, and further until the
expiration of three calendar months' warning.
Samples (not less than Gibs) must be produced by parties
tendering, and none to be tendered the material of which
is of a solidifying point below 128 degrees of Fahrenheit.
The Lords Commissioners of the Adruifalty reserve to
themselves an unlimited power of selection in accepting
the tenders.

No Tender will be received unless made on the printed
form provided for the purpose, and which may be obtained
on application in the Lobby of the Depaitment of the Co-
ntroller of Victualling, Admiralty, Somerset House, whero
also the conditions of the Contract may be seen.
No Tender will be received after 12 o'clock at noon on
the day of treaty ; and it will not be required that the party
tendering, or an agent on his behalf, should attend at the
Office on the day of Contract, as the result of the offer re-
ceived from each person will be communicated to him and
his proposed sureties in writing.
Every Tender must be addressed to the Secretary of the
Admiralty, and bear in the left-hand corner the words,
" Tender for Stearino Candles ;" and must'also'be delivered
at the Department of the Controller of Victualling, Admi-
ralty, Somerset House, signed by two responsible persons,.
engaging to .become bound with the person tendering in
the sum of £1,500 for the due performance of the Contract.
By Order,
ANTONIO BRADY,
Registrar of Contracts and Public
Securities.

TIMM NEW NAN,TYMWRI, MINING EX
JL • TENSION COMPANY (LIUIV41)).:

Incorporated under "The COMpanie;+ Act, 1862," whereby
the liability of each Shareholder is limited to the amount
of his Sharoe.

Capital, £50,000,
In 50,000 Shares of £1 each.
ss. Deposit on application, and ss. per Share on Allotment.
No call will be made for six months, and it is probable,
from the prospects, with tho assistance of the ore money,
that no further capital will be required.

MR. HOWARD, SURGEON-DENTIST, 52,
Illeet-ktreet, has introduced an entirely new ricscrip.
thin of A furl FiCIAL FEE rti, fixed without springs, wires,
or ligatures. They so perfectly e the natural teeth
as not to be distinguished fro a the originals by the closest
observer; they will never change valour or decay, and will
be foung superior to any teeth ever before used. This
method does not require Vie extraction of roots, or any pain-
ful operation, and will support and pre,rve teeth that are
loose, and is guaranteed to restore articulation and mastica-
tion. Decayed teeth stopped and rendered sound and useful
in mastication.

NOTICE.

C. F. HANCOCK, SON, & CO.,

JEWELLERS AND SILVERSMITHS TO THE QUEEN ArD

PRINCE AND PIUNCESS OF WALES,

And by Special Appointment to the principal Sovereigns
anti Courts of Euror,

Bog respectfully to state that their only Address is
33 & 39, Bag CON-STREET,

CORNER OF BOND-STREET.

AWARDED TO C. F. HANCOCK :
Great Exhibition, 1851—Council Medal for Originality and
Taste. Paris Exhibition,lBss —Gold Medallic) d'Honneur.
International Exhibition, 1862—Prizo Medal, for great
Excellence of Design and Manufacture.

GREAT NORTHERN RAILWAY.
CAMBRIDGESHIRE STEEPLECHASES.
A CHEAP EXCURSION TRAIN will run from LON-
DON (King's-cross Station), ♦ia Great Northern route, to
CAMBRIDGE on MONDAY, Ist April, 1867, as under:—
Leaving King's-cross at 8.5, and arriving at Cambridge
about 10.5 a.m.
FARES THERE AND BACK.
First Class 7s. Od
Covered Carriages

Returning from Cambridge the same day only at 7.0 p.m.
Children under 3 years of age, freeL above 3 and under
wl2il,llinaolftifbeare,res ie
skibelts n and the Company
SEYMOUR CYAARKE, General Manager.
London, King's-cross Statiok, March, 1867. .
-porrnelo°rtlutrga gatisgfe er a. bi"'

.1-OHN GOSNELL and CO.'S CHERRY
00 TOO ra PASTA is greatly superior to any tooth
powder; gives the teeth a pearl whiteness, protects the
enamel from decay, and imparts a pleasant fragrance to
the breath. Price is. 64L-114d p 14,1 Wharf. 93, Upper
Thames-street, London.

•
THE SINGER,-
- New NoiselessLock-Stitch
FAMILY• SEWING MACHINES.
Chief Office in the United Kingdom-147, Cheapside,
London.

ASPIIALTE ROOFING FELT,
0 NT: PENNY per Square Foot.
cR OGG 0 N and C 0., Manufacturers,
63, New Earl-street, 1 London , E.C.
t 34, Bread-etr:et, ewer,
59, George-square, Glasgow; 2, Gores Piazzas, Lirerpoo!.

TEETH PAINLESSLY STOPPED, with per-
manent enamel cement of tile natural c..luur, prevents
unbightly patches, is equally durable,
be found invaluable. and for front teeth will

Mr. DAY, DENTIST,
291, Regent-street (3 doors from the Polytechnic).
Many years with Mr. Emma, of• 8, Grosvenor-street,
Bond-street.

GEOLOG Y.-ELEMtNTARY COLLEC-
TIONS, to illustrate the New Edition of "Lyoll's
Elements of Geology" and facihtat , the important study of
Mineralogy and Geology, can be had at 2,5, 10, ?.0, 50 to 501
guineas; also single Specimenl of Minerals, 1:oal,s, Fossils,
and Hear= Shells, Geologi",al likmmers, al the recent
Pub lc:alone, .te., of' J. TENNAAT. Miueralooist to Her
Majtsty, 119. Strand, London.
Private Instruction is given in Mineralogy and Geology by
Mr. TENNANT. 149, Strand. W.C.

DISDERI, Photographic Artier to ILI. Majesty
the Emperor Napol, nllf. sod the Imperial Family ;
to U.I. M j ty the 'En peror I all th Itussiss; also to II I.
Msjest.y ihr Queen of Spain and the Royal Family; to his
the 'Kim; of Paiy to his Msjosiy the lilirqr of Hol-
land ; to his Ma:ctity the iiitorot Portugal ; to the Imperial
Academy of NI usic ; Photogrirpher of the l'alace of the Uni-
verssl Exhib!tion of Isss' No. The excellent situation of Mr.
Disderi's studio enables him to operate regardless of the
w,:ather.

nISDERI.-Her Most Gracious MAJESTY the
QUEEN, their Royallincsses the DUKE of EDIN-
BURG U, Prince Leopold, Prinoess Louise, and Princess
Beatrice hare condescended to sit for their Portraits to Mr.
DISDE RI. By the gracious permission of her Majesty the
Queen, the Portraits of her Majesty and their Royal High-
nesses are on sale at Mr. Discieri's Photographic Establish-
ments in London, at 70, 71, and 7t, Brolk-street, Hanover-
tquare ; in Paris, 8, 11-nileiard des Ita.iens ; and at all the
principal bOoksellers f Europe. Price—Carte de Visite, Is.
coloured, 2s. Drawl Portraits, 2i. Gd. ; coloured, ss.

PISDER 1.--Their Royal Highnesses the
PRINCE and PRINCE, of WALES have honoured
with a visit the studio of DISD EEL and have authorised
him the sale of all the Portraits taken by him of their Royal
highnesses, as well as those of Prince Victor and Prince
George. Price—Carte de Visite,plain or enamel, la.; coloured,
2s. Cabinet Portraits, 2s. nil Splendid P,:rtrait of lilt li ,
mounted on tine tinted large cardboard, 25 by 19A inches,
price one guinea.

of WINDSOR and i)iltORN
Dr:; 'SALT:IL-Splendid ALIMNIS
E., photographed by Mr.
Disderi, under the immediate patronoge awl the gracious
permission of her 111;:j. ,sty the Queen. Historical text by
Ito) ne U. Bell, Esq. These Album.— ize, hilt-sheet colom-
bit, hinted in new type, on extra thick plate paper—lnclude
thirty-five photographs of interiors and exteriors, mounted
on extra fine tinted cArdb ard, and most elegantly bound in
morocco. Price—Royal editi in of Windsor and Osborne, in
natural photography, 20 gunei.s each ; coloured, 40 guineas.
Apply to Mr. Disderi, 70, 71, and 72, Brook-street, Hanover-
square; and a Paris, 8, I3Julevard des Daliens.

fIER I.—ON SA T,E. TW ENTY-FOUR
EX rEra, )ItS of WINDSOR and OSBORNE.
'TER EOSCOPIO VIEWS of the IV ERIORS and
'I he nonce-
non complete, I lain, I ; coloured, 2 guineas.
Souvenir of Windsor or Osborne, sixteen P 1 des, photo-
graphed by Mr. Disderi, mounted on cloth, anti forming a
bagdsome book, ',mall Bvo . including the portraits of her
Msjesty the Queen and 11.R.11.. the Prince Consort. Price,
plain, 15s ; coloured, 303
Panoramic Views at 55.; group of the Orleans Family,
108 61.

fISDERI.—NUTICE.—By a new process of
Mr. DISDE itl'S the Usti 'j DE VISITE l'oll-
.
TItAITS are ENLARGED en canvas to any size. The
public can tivs obtain a photographic drawing by mans of
which skilful artists attached to the house can, on simple in-
dications -such as the colour or the complexion, the eyes and
the hair—obtain a spend d and truthful oil painting. Mr.
Mailed's new process is valuable in this respect, that it
avoids the tedi ,usness of long sittings, aid also 9dds to the
charms of oil painting the great advantages of the truthful-
ness and accuracy of photogr Saloons and studios, 70,
71. and 72, Brook-street, liancver-square ; asd fx. Equestrian
Portraits. at Ilei-etord Lodge, Glouc,ster-road, Old firomP-
tou-road; isaris, 8, Boulevard des 1 taliens ; Madrid, and
Toulon.

DR.. SCOTT'S LIVER AND BILIOUS
riLLs.—A. NEVER. FAILING RESIEDY.--Pre-
rared without any mercurial ingr.ditnt, from the recipe of Dr.
3cott, of Bromley, Kent, will be found invaluable to all who
irriTer from bilious and liver complaints, indigestion, wind,
%lams, giddiness, aizzinews of the eyes, &aFor habituhabitualeiStiV
100enbe"'d, they ereasaf"ilY aperient medicine, and as a purifier
Jt the truly excellent; mild in their opera.
mote digestion, and strengthen the whole nervous system.
Don and ~,,rsteful to the stomach, they create appetite, pro.
Prepared only ands rid by W. Lambert, Chemist, a, King
William-street, Charing-cross. Londou, and by most
quantity in one,
(ling-
ua and Liver Pills.
Lambert."
The genuine are a square zreen paok4„Rt.. with " William
2g.r.s t9sci., inßbeosx;rae, itao. tatt,foartidDrth. three timeratthoe
ma-raved on the st amp.

THE LONDON FEVER HOSPITAL has
URGENT NEKD of FUNDS.—Donations and Sub-
t;tsMaet.sdrs.Clo).r,U Strand; Messrs. Hoare,
scriptions will be thankfully received by Messrs. Dimsdale
rsi,tzned, at the llospittl,
and Co., Ch4ring-
carnodwBCFl;o.s,mseos,Acos.rnch4i)lul
ve ee
rt -pot or -eerto's da,
nNd., by
CHARLES FINN, Sec.
the uncle

DEMOCRACY.

While England is in tho throes of a political co

vulsion, the Round Table in New York has com-
, meuced a controversy on the subject, which has led
to the English agitation—the gov,:rnment of
numbers. The article in the literary journal was
answered by the Spring field Republican and the New
York Times, and again replied to by the Round Table
in an article headed " Democracy" in the issue of
the 21 inst. These articles have reference to the
political system of the United States, and it is in-
structive to see what so admirably conducted and
impartial a review as the Round Table says on the
subject. The Republican says the Round Table
objects to our use of the word democracy, as
applied to our Government. It says :—" In the
first place, our government is not a democracy, in
'the sense in which Dr. Blackie and the Round
Table use the word. It is a republic, a representa-
tive government ; and, so far from being impos-
sible to keep it within any assignable limits, it is
strictly limited and sacredly and impregnably
guarded. A written constitution is the sheet
anchor of our liberties. This instrument embodies
the deliberate wisdom of the best. It is impossible
for any department of the Government to set it aside
for any length of time. It contains within itself
the means for its own vindication. . . ". Our
Government is not an unrestrained democracy; but
a constitutional, carefully guarded, and admirably
balanced Republican system, in which each depart-
ment is independent within its prescribed limits,
and each keeps guard over the others to restrain
• any departure from those limits." After quoting
the best authorities to show that the word was cor-
rectly applied, the Round Table thus proceeds :
" The substantial point which we assumed, and
sought by illustrative facts to prove, was that prac-
tically we did not enjoy those blessings which theo-
retically our Government bestows. Whether it is
a democracy or not, we submit that this point re-
mains untouched. By its fruits our system must
be judged. 'lt is,' says the Republican, a consti-
tutional; Carefully guarded, andadmirably balanced
Republican system.' Suppose we grant this and
acknowledge a demonstrated inaccuracy in styling
it a democracy ; let us proceed to ask; do its guards.
and balances secure us, in fact, a good Govern-
ment 2 Do they give us immunity from corruption
either.:at Washington or New York ? Do they
froVid6 • us with a swift and trustworthy admi-
nistration of justice ? Do they place in the
important positions of trust and responsibility
the wisest, best-educated, and most virtuous
members of the community ? Do they, in ge-
neral, exert a tendency to elevate the standards of
public and private morality? Do they protect the
intelligent few from being oppressed, put out of
sight, and practically disfranchised by the ignorant
many ? If
.they do these things, then, indeed, we

grievously err to criticise them, and, whether they
constitute the machinery of a democracy or not, as
good citizens we should strive firmly to uphold and
perpetuate them. But if we-arrive, after deliberate
reflection, at a contrary opinion, it becomes equally
a solemn duty to point out, if we can, their defects,
and to bend every energy to improve and to correct
them. It might, perhaps, be impossible to realise
the ideal of Aristotle's Politica, in which the majo-
rity should truly govern for the good of the whole ;
and The Republican would probably agree with us
that a democracy would be undesirable in which the
majority should govern solely for the good of them-
selves ; but this slimed furnish no conclusive reason
for cherishing with scrupulously superstitious ex-
actness a system in which it could he shown that a
majority governed neither for their own real good
nor for that of anybody else." The Republican, in

another part of its article admits that " undoubtedly

there are dangers peculiar to ' the government of
numbers,' and with the universal suffrage which is
to be the rule, we may experience some of them.
But nothing is gained by exciting alarm and cul-

tivatiug distrust of the system of popular govern-
ment. Our forefathers recognised the great fact

that popular intelligence and virtue are essential
to the full success of free institutions." But if
such dangers undoubtedly exist, by what means
are we to provide for them—by shutting our
eyes to their possibility? And, if their existence be
admitted, and a necessary provision to meet them be
implied, by what secret measures is it to be com-
passed without, to some extent, exciting alarm and
cultivating distrust of the system of popular govern-
ment? Distrust and alarm might very judiciously
be dispensed with if reform could be brought about
without publicity. If this is impracticable, the Re-
publican's adinission destroys the force of its criticism.
That popular intelligence and virtue are essential to
the full success of free institutions is patent enough.
In the absence of that full success, we are forced to

impugn popular intelligence and virtue ; a circum-
stance whichis unfortunate but unavoidable. Again
to quote Mr. Mill, " In politics, as in mechanics, the
power which is to keep the engine going must be
sought for outside the machinery ; and if it is not
forthcoming, or is insufficient to surmount the ob-
stacles,which may reasonably be expected, the contriv-
ance will rail. This is no peculiarity of the political.
art ; and amounts only to saying that it is subject to
the same limitations and conditions as all other
arts." Now, whatever the intrinsic excellence of our
political machine, this exterior power of intelligence
and virtue is manifestly deficient. Whether owing
to the universal lust for gold, to immigration, to
weakened religiOus convictions, or to all these or
other causes, the requisite power has diminished and
apparently continues to diminish. There is no logi-
cal escape from the conclusion that ultimately vire
must get more power or alter the machine ; and
which alternative we shall select—or whether it may
be worth while to attempt to modify and recipro-
cally adapt both—is a legitimate subject for dis-
cussion. Our critic calls in question elsewhere our
remarks as to the exceptionally mutable character or
deteriorating tendency of Democracy ; this, it
assumes, is a characteristic which it possesses only
in common with any and every system ;—" The
Radical difficulty about Democracy, as the Round
Table looks at it, is that ' you cannot keep it within
any assignable limits or at any lasting equipoise.'
The same thing may be said of any and every sys-
tem of government, and it will remain true so long
as men are imperfect in knowledge and goodness.
When they outgrow these defects, which necessarily
mar and pervert all their action, they will need no
government. The very qualities of human nature
that make government necessary render it imperfect.
But it is not to be denied that men will do better
for themselves than others will do for them, and the
theory of Democratic institutions rests upon the
impregnable basis of human nature. Enlightened
selfishness is the grand regulator." We believe,
however, that the unvarying tendency of govern-
ments of numbers is admitted by publicists and shown

by history to be that of depositing power with lower
and lower intelligences, gravitating downwards,
until it falls at last into the hands of the least

educated and least virtuous persons of the commu-

nity. Is it unjust or exaggerated to say that this
tendency is signally exemplified by our own experi-
ence? Can we look at our municipal chambers in
New York, at our Legislature at Albany, at our
halls of Congress at Washington, to-day, and
truthfully say that we furnish an exception ? En-
lightened selfishness may be a grand regulator ; but
how if the selfishness be not enlightened, and if the
proofs—strong as holy writ—are constantly staring
us in the face ? Once more, and to supply a partial

explanation, let us borrow the words of the author of
" Representative Government:" " Ido not look upon

equal voting as among the things which are good in-
themselves, provided they can be guarded against
inconveniences. I look upon it as only relatively

good ; less objectionable than inequality of privi-
lege grounded on irrelevant or adventitious circum-
stances, but in principle wrong, because recognising

a wrong standard, and exercising a bad influence

PRICK.... 4d.
STAMPED sd.

lon the voter's mind. It is not useful but hurtful
that the constitution of the country should declare
ignorance to be entitled to as much political power
as knowledgm. The national institutions should
place all things that they are concerned with beform
the nminds of time citizen in the light in which it is
for his good that he should iegard them ; and as it
is for his good that he should think that every one
is entitled to some influence, but the better and
wiser to more than others, it is important that this
conviction should be professed by the state and
embodied in the national institutions. Such timings
constitute the spirit of the institutions of a country;
that portion of their influence which is least regarded
by common thinkers; though the institutions of
every country not under great positive oppression
produce more effect by their spirit than by any of
their direct provisions, since by it they shape the
national character. The American institutions
have imprinted strongly on the American mind that
any one man (with a white skin) is as good as any
other ; and it is felt that this false creed is nearly
connected with some of the more unfavourable
points in American character. It is not a small
mischief that the constitution of any country should
sanction this creed ; for the belief in it, whether
express or tacit, is almost as detrimental to moral
and intellectual excellence as any effect which most
forms of sovernment can produce." The fact that
the very qualities of human nature that make go-
vernment necessary render it imperfect is, of course,
a truism. It furnishes a general explanation of de-
fect, but as .an argument against reform or change
it is quite as applicable in behalf of a despotism as
in that of a republic.

COMFORT FOR CONSERVATISM.

(From the Westminster Gazette.)

One of the most philosophic, as well as best
known, customs of the Spartans was their method
of inculcating the wisdom of sobriety. Instead
of a lachrymose and hypocritical Stiggins, in lieu
of an earnest and artistic but dogmatic Cruik-
shank, these wily Lacedgemonians plied their will-
ing Helots with the juice of the grape, and then
displayed each feature, each phase, of a degraded,'
ludicrous, and brutal intoxication to their dis-
' gusted children. That a lesson thus taught was
effective, the unwalled safety of Sparta during
eight of the most warlike centuries the world
has ever known is conclusive proof. And it is
one other proof, among many, that practice in
good or in evil is more seductive or repulsive
than precept.
We have no idea whether this most interesting
and mournful work was written with what is
called " a purpose." But whether the editor of one
of our leading literary journals, in taking his
autumnal tour, wished to point a grand moral
while he adorned a very enhancing tale ; or
whether, with habits of travel and observation
strong on him, he went forth to this crowning
journey without prejudices and without predilec-
tions, simply recording his experiences, the result
is exactly the same. The perusal of these two
volumes would appear to us 0 have the same
effect as to unbridled liberty, upon the nature that
the sight of a drunken slave used to produce as
to intoxication upon the mind of a Spartan

Let us, in proceeding to justify :this to some
startling assertion, take a comprehensive view of
the subjects of Mr. Dixon's book. He went out,
he tells us, " to see the noblest work England has
achieved in history," a work done, as he adas, by
the union of " a large love of liberty " and " a deep
sense of religion." He -went in search of an old

world, and found instead new ideas, new purposes,
new methods; in short that "New America,
which gives title to his travels. Mr. Dixon appears
to have used his opportunities well. He tells what
he saw and heard clearly and incisively, seldom
encrusting his text with his own conclusions as
to the facts he lays before his readers, and never
indulging in dogmatism or contempt. Upon the
whole, we gather that he is pleased with his ex-
periences. He is evidently impressed with the
gigantic scale upon which everything is said and
done in America ; a manner which harmonized
with the natural features of this colossal country.
He foresees a great and happy future for the States
and their people ; even the negro is to be blessed ;
while the red man is mirrored so picturesquely
that one feels half inclined to forget his woes and
his speedy extinction.
We envy Mr. Dixon his rose-tinted predictions,
for, to our mind, the results of American ways
and fashions will be far different to those of his
imaginings. It does not seem too much to assert
that, since their settlement, the States have been
the resort, the refuge, and the paradise of the
unruly and the ungovernable.
The Virginian Fathers, the early British con-
victs, the Teuton, Scandinavian, and Celtic emi-
grants, all had and have this type in common ; and
upon our writer's own showing there is not one
political or social phase, where the absence of
self-constraint, audacity of , self-assertion, and
want of national fortitude (so to speak), are not
painfully apparent. American opinion and the
English political school founded on it see only na-
tional dotage and fatuity in the whoresome- re-
straints of Church and State. Respect for the
doctrines of an immutable faith, affection for
time-honoured ecclesiastical teaching and doctrine,
are as silly to the minds of the great exemplars of
modern progress as a belief in consistent, Conser-
vative Statecraft. If the Church is powerless to
lay down permanent laws,. even if founded upon
Scriptural and Apostolic authority, if she is una-
ble actually to define the bounds of religious be-
lief and speculation, why should the State aspire
to bind man's utter freedom in politics ? Nay,
further, what need of penal laws and their attend-
ant punishments, when every man, woman, and
child is able to boast that personal will or whim
is the only motive worth obedience ? We read
the answers to these queries sorrowfully enough in
Mr. Dixon's " New America."

We pay the author a poor compliment in say-
ing we feel his recital to be true, for the simple
reason that there does not exist a man subtle,
sarcastic, and clever enough to have invented so
diabolical a picture. Dean Swift had parts, but
this book beats his happiest efforts hollow.
There is scarcely a crime under heaven which
teste " New America" is not in full swing there.
" Bleeding" Kansas is an appropriate locale
from which to start on a Dantesque journey,
like Mr. Dixon's, to appropriate horrors are not
lacking to stain every inch of the itinerary.
The perils of the mail journey between At-
chison and Salt Lake are graphically recounted.
The ferocities of the whites and reds are brought
before us with a vividness that is startling. These
amenities adorn the path to the soi-disant. New
Jerusalem—the harem of Brigham Young and his
satellites. Here we are shown the marvels of a
lustful, hoarish polygamy, and the advantages of a
burlesque coalition of Abraham Mahummed, and a
sensation novel. The beauties of 'a recently ex-
posed system of slavery come next. The miserable
caricature of the feudal Barron, in the person of
the slave-owner, with his debaucheries, his idle-
ness, and his languid pride forms a hero for this
portion of the travel. But as a corrective to
these scenes we are treated to a peep at the inner
life of the " Shakers "—persons who live toge-
ther, male •and female, in what is called Resur-
rection order, i.e., without ailtabitation and with-
out carnal love. To vary this religious kaleide-
scope we next come to " Spiritualism," and to
the mediums who practice the art, in a religious,
medical, and worldly sense. After this no surprise
can be excited by a chapter headed "The Revolt
of Woman," which appropriately paves the way for
more than one section of the book descriptive of
another phase of eccentricity, to wit, the doings of

1 tells us that in pious,
" there is a very strange ,
part of women in the upper ra. ~ the end of which
would be this rather puzzling fact, that there would
be no more baby-shows in the country, since there
would be no longer any Americans in America !"
After this hint of an abominable national crime,
one is almost too " scared " to note that Mr.
Dixon proves most conclusively that the flour-eau-
! riche. who the other day gave a high prize to any
Iman ivho might be called a gentleman without libel,
knew well what he was about; and also how un-
likely it would be that any American could ever
gain it. We do not even gasp at the author's reply
to Secretary Seward, " I find your country so free
that nobody seems to have any rights !" Nor are we
much startled to find that all Mr. Dixon's facts, in
spite of some optimist deductions therefrom,
go to prove . that the whole country, North and
South, East and West, is as near an approach to
a model Pandemonium as the heart of man has the
wickedness to conceive. If these results, then,
have crowned two centuries of Radical Liberalism
—if man has of himself no better fruits to gather
of self-government—let us thank God that the
old landmarks of Church and State are still firm
among us. And let us hope that in those mys-
terious ebbings and flowing of human passion
and action which characterise every age, the
great human family may again, and on earth, be
gathered to the one . Church under the one Shep-
herd. -

Strike of Engine-Drivers on the Brighton

Railway.

The following is a copy of a resolution passed yes.
terday by the board of this railway :---
" That, in accordance with the recommendations
of Mr. Craven and Mr. Hawkens, the directors will
with great pleasure give a gratuity of two guineas
to each driver and one guinea to each fireman. who
has not deserted his post this day, while so many
are endeavouring to force the directors to comply
with demands which they consider unreasonable.
" That any such driver who was previously receiv-
ing a lesser sum shall at once be advanced to the first
class and receive 7s. 6d. per day, and each fireman
4s. Gd. per day, with the assurance that, come what
may, the directors will employ them at the above
rate so long as they perform their duty.
" That believing a large majority of those who
are still out will (upon reflection) regret having
pushed matters to such an extremity, they are will-
ing to receive back into the service any of the old
hands who may rejoin it not later than Thursday
next. "By order,

" A. SAILE, Acting Secretary."

Yesterday the engine•drivers on the London,
Brighton, and South Coast Railway put into effect
their predetermined resolution to strike in case the
demands which they recently made were not granted
by the directors. Up to a late hour on Monday night
a large number of the men remained about the com-
pany's offices, discussing the various phases of the
movement in which they were themselves partici-
pators. Ultimately a council was held, in which it
appears it was determined that the answer of the
Board to their petition was not satisfactory, and
that, therefore, the men would refuse to resume
work yesterday morning. At Brighton, where some
of the engine-drivers reside, a similar decision was
arrived at, so that in all about 350 men resolved on
leaving temporarily, at least, the company's service.
The directors, we understand, conceded all that was
demanded concerning shed days, Sundays, and the
distance to be traversed per week-750 miles being
the maximum of regular duty, and all beyond that
to be charged as extra work. The crucial point, how-
ever, they refused to grant—namely, that in which
the men demanded that increase of wages should
be regulated at the rate of 6d. per day additional
for every six months' service until the maxi-
mum of 7s. 6d. per day was reached. The Board,
however, consented to comply on the condition that
the six months should not be considered the stan-
dard time upon which to erect a claim for advance

of pay. They al ge that such a claim is not rea-
sonable. and it certainly does not appear just that
all the men should be promoted with equal rapidity
irresp?ctive of their skill, ability, or good conduct.
The pay of the drivers, according to the directors
scheme, is to begin at Gs., and be capable of in-
crease to 7s. 61. a day ; that of the firemen to vary
from 3s. 6d. to 4s. 6d., according to service and
merit.

As may be anticipated great confusion and con-
' siderable excitement prevailed yesterday at the
company's terminus. Virtually all traffic was
stopped between London and Brighton, Eastbourne,
Hastings, St. Leonard's, and Chichester. The
Epsom Spring Meeting opened yesterday, and the
disappointment of hundreds of sportsmen, who had
intended to go down by train, was expressed with
such, freedom and vigour as sorely to test the pa-
tience of the officials who remained at their posts.
On being made acquainted with the determination
of the men the directors made application for assist 7
ance in their difficulty to the managers of other lines ;
but, as might be expected, very few could be sub-
tracted from their own staff of drivers, who must
be skilled in their business and possessed of consi-
derable intelligence and power of observation. Under
these circumstances it was resolved to make a re-
duction in the number of trains, and to limit their
speed to 20 miles an hour. The trains were driven
by travelling railway inspectors and by foremen of
works, accompanied by competent men on the en-
gines who thoroughly understand the signals. In
some cases on the main line two and three ordinary
trains were made into one, but not exceeding 18 or
20 carriages in the wholcon an average ; and "short
service" trains, so called, were worked between
Victoria and West Croydon on the one hand, and
between the Crystal Palace and London-bridge on
the other. In this way the directors are adapting
themselves to the inconvenience to -.vhich they have
been thus suddenly subjected, with all the atten-
' dant loss. In the meantime all the ordinary time-
tables are in abeyance, and the season-ticket
holders, on the principal' line especially, aro
being seriously incommoded. The 6 o'clock train
got away in good time, considering all the circum-
stances which impeded any hpproach to regularity,
but the train which should have started at 8 did not
move from the terminus till after 10. On the South
London line only one engine was employed, and the
traffic to and from the Crystal Palace was almost en-
tirely suspended. The hundreds of city gentlemen
residing in the suburbs, and who ordinarily avail
themselves of this railway to come up to town, were
of course put to inconvenience, and altogether the
event was attended by an immense amount of ex-
citement and loss of time and business. All the
available foremen have been put in charge
andlm m
toh
set of
v
trains, and every exertion is being made bytheeelthe
di-
rectors
entangled. d macnnalgties in whichthey find managers to obviate
and insur-
mountabledifficulties
The men on their part are still holding
out
and Firemen's
and d
n,
,suninelnegyaestetes from therdaysat
in
Engine-driverscouncil
deli
berating on the question at issue. Among other
prominent objections to the Pan recommended by
the Board there is one which has been made a special
topic of deprecation—natnely, that the power of pro-
motion should rest with local superintendents. The
men say that such a system would materially dimi-
nish incentive to exertion, inasmuch as advancement
would be regulated not by merit but by favouritism.
Last evening the diree'ors circulated a handbill
stating that experienced and competent drivers and
firemen, with satisfactory testimonials, may meet
immediately with pvrmanunt engagements, at full
and liberal pay, by applying
to Mr. J. C. Craven,
locomotive superintendent, London-bridge ter-
minus.

CESSION OF THE BAY OF SAMCslA.—Private ad-
vices which we have just received from San Domingo lead
us to believe that the late Seward-Porter mission to the
West Indies was by no means suck a failure as it was
hastily proclaimed to be by those who knew nothing what-
ever about it. If our advices from the island be correct,
the mission of Assistant-Secretary Seward was successfully
accomplished ; the points of negotiation and treaty were
established with President Cabral, and an official agent has
arrived in this country bearing a preliminary treaty which
has received the sanction of the legislative and executive
authorities of San Domingo, and this preliminary treaty
will presently be submitted, if it has not by this time been
submitted, to our Government.—New York, Times.