The Sun.
London, England, 1867-10-10 00:00:00

THE SUN, LaNuON, THURSDAY EVENUNG, OCFOBE[t 10, 1867

ikely to be well in Lformed as to the state of things
r oad the changes in the political horizon.
Military men ha• Te all along considered that war
is inevitable, and m ust be looked upon as a question
of time ; and their ,Dpinion seems in a great measure
confirmed by the course pursued by the authorities.
The anxiously-expected announcement in the
_Moniteur has not been, made, and thus those
who have been congratulating themselves upon
the approaching reassurance at least are
quite perplexed and puzzled as to what
is looming in the distance. This opinion, which has
gained some power in England, does not rest upon
a very solid foundation, but, sad lo say, must be
traced back to the sanguine rumours set afloat by
those whose interests declare against a war, and, at
at any risk, are anxious to preserve peace. IN' ar-
like preparations are still going on, and there is the
fact of all this talk of quiet being restored. One
thing is very certain, namely, that the Emperor
NAPOLEON will not be diverted from his policy
by any representations of tame-spirited people ;
and hence it is his notion which must be sought
after if we would read a solution of the problem.
The French press do not seem inclined to give up
the game, but pursue unceasingly the favourite
topic, which would long ere this have been worn
threadbare if it had not been for the many causes
of complaint that indignation and irritation have
supplied. While we wish that things looked more
promising it is quite idle to say that they are so
while the aspect of affairs seems so threatening, and
has been so for so long a period.

could do. No sooner had the judgment on the pro-
secution against the picketers been given, and the
law clearly laid down, than the strike was virtually
at an end. If the tailors were free to employ whom
they liked, neither public meetings, nor placards, nor
any peaceable and legal means would hinder men
and women from accepting the "good wages and
regular work " that were steadily offered to them.
Last year, just at the very crisis of
distress and destitution at the East of
London, the shipwrights refused to consent
to a temporary abatement of their regular wages of
6s. 6d. a-day, evidently adopting the converse of
the old adage that " Half a loaf is better then no
bread." The consequence of their obstinancy was
that the orders went abroad, and while English
workmen were staring idly at empty grates conti-
nental workmen were thriving on less wages than
they Lad refused. If our other trades persist in the
same course the same result will follow, and they
had better learn in time that coercion and monopoly
are only local in their influence, however severe the
local loss and suffering which they may entail.

CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS.

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)

PARIS, Wednesday Evening.

The news received in Paris to-day from Italy is
scanty in extent and unimportant in complexion
and character. There is even a cessation in the
manufacture of sensation news, sending alleged
successes of the insurgents. The attempt against
the temporal power of the Pope is not, however, at
an end ; and, indeed, there are brief but contradic-
tory accounts of a defeat of the Papal troops at
Corese. It is quite clear, however, that as yet the
insurrection does not progress either in extent or
power. The Government augments its measures,
with a view to support the execution of the treaty.
The prefects have received orders to increase the
watchfulness upon the frontier. Several squadrons
of cavalry have been despatched to Orvieto to patrol
that town and the surrounding locality. On the,
other hand more volunteers have been enrolled at
Turin, Milan, and Florence, but there is a deficiency
of arms ; and, upon the whole, the best-informed
persons believe that an insurrection at Rome is out
of the question, or that, should it be attempted, it
must necessarily prove abortive. A self-called
Committee of Public Safety has been formed at
Civita Vecchia, who have issued a proclamation,
telling the deluded Garibaldians that it will give
them the signal when all shall be ready for action.
Although there is some little excitement at Rome,
there does not seem to be any foundation for the
report that many Liberals of note had been arrested.
Two squadrons of Light Horse, which had been in
garrison at Rome, had left for the frontier, a fact
which proves that no fear is entertained respecting
that city. _

Among the various trade combinations and dis-
sensions which have of late been the subject of
public discussion few have played a more prominent
part than the tailors' strike. Partly from the
principal scene of its operations having been laid
in the metropolis, partly from the inconvenience
directly resulting from it pressing heavily on the
public, the struggle has excited a good deal of at-
tention and interest. After seven months' duration
it is now over, and like most of such struggles it
has left behind it only bitter memories, loss
on both sides, annoyance and mortification.
Fortunately there are no records of outrage
or disaster to mark • the story of the London
strike, but that is perhaps as much due to the vigil-
ance of the police and to the superior principle of
the men. However, the masters may well complain
that they have lost the most profitable time of the
year, while the men and their families can scarcely
fail in the coming winter to feel the lack of seven
months' wages. The victory, such as it is, remains
with the masters. The men have surrendered their
demands in tuto, at least such of them as have
resumed their work. Others have refused to give
in, and have emigrated or removed to other parts,
being willing rather to bear the inevitable losses
and hardships attendant on such a course to
making the requisite concession. When we con-
sider the great distress existing in many trades from
lack of employment and general depression, it is
enough to arouse the strongest indignation to think
of men wilfully throwing away good and regular
wages which they had not long ago accepted as fair
remuneration. It must be remembered that the
men had not even the excuse of resisting a reduction
of wages, or of demanding the increase of a con-
fessedly low rate of remuneration. Their wages
were good—so good that they felt they could
not base their claim upon them, and accord-
ingly they made it for a new " time log,"
by means of which they intended to
increase their gains. It seems the masters at first
did not suspect their object, and were willing to
entertain the proposal, but when they discovered
that the new " time log" was only an excuse for
obtaining indirectly an increase of wages they not
unnaturally resisted it. No doubt, as in most cases
of this sort, there were faults on both sides. The
disputants are too ready at the outset to proceed to
the ultimatum, and when once there is an open
breach neither likes to be the first to recede. The
outsiders are drawn into the struggle, which
becomes " an affair of honour" on both sides,
and instead of a spirit of mutual goodwill
and kindly forbearance, each party is busy
measuring out the other's gains and his own losses.
The public looking on think, justly enough, that
between them both enough, and more than enough,
is charged for the finished article, and object to
the prospect that an increase of wages, entailing
an increase of price, holds out to them. But the
strike, picketing, and all aro now over, and they are
not without their lesson. The tailors of London are
certainly not the least intelligent or least respect-
able of daily workmen; let us hope, therefore,
that they may profit by it. Whatever may be
urged by the defenders of Trades' Unions,
as at present conducted, it is manifest that
with the surrender of violence and intimidation
their power is gone. In the present state of the
labour market moral force is powerless. Men will
always be forthcoming from the provinces, from
the Continent, from America, eager to fill vacant
places. The demand will be certain, sooner or
later, to create the supply ; and if thousands com-
bine in inaction, capital will always be able to find
its tens of thousands to come from far and near.
No doubt the strike may, and generally does, entail
heavy loss on the masters ; no doubt it is a work of
time to obtain proficiency in the very simplest
handicraft ; but what the men have to learn is that
no trade ever yet collapsed for want of hands.
Certain interests may be impoverished, and the
great capitalists may remove from their vicinity ;
individuals may fail in the struggle, but the many
will succeed. All the while machinery, the potent
foe to monopoly of any kind, is advancing with
rapid strides, and ingenuity is ever on the watch to
enlarge and adapt its capabilities. The world is too
wide for the journeymen of any trade, be they ever
so numerous. The law we may hope is too strong
at this degree of civilisation to permit any section
of the community to tyrannise over the rest.
The men on strike disclaim any intention of
exceeding the law, but no sooner were they
compelled to keep within the limits of the law than
their power ceased. " Picketing," that is to say
putting guard over shops, and endeavouring to
prevent their late employers from filling their places
by intimidating the new hands, was a vital part of
the programme. Combination, so far as it meant
a certain number of men agreeing together not to
work except on certain terms, no one could object
to. It is quite clear that each man has a right to
settle for himself what he shall do or not do with
his own labour. It is equally clear to all unpreju-
diced observers that by parity of reasoning no man
has a right over another man's labour. Yet the
strikes, and the Trades' Unions, as they are now
carried on, mean nothing less than that a certain
number of men should decide for all others in the
trade without consulting them. What they will
not themselves do no one else shall do. Their
neighbours are not to consider their own interests,
but those of the petty tyrants who, if we deprive
them of le droll du plus fort, have no other claim
upon forbearance. The Unionists find that inaction
is no lunger an all-powerful weapon unless they
can compel the inaction of capital as well as of labour.
The West-end tailors' shops at the beginning of the
summer afforded a more powerful commentary
on the real principles of strikes than any moralist

The Emperor of Russia left the Crimea on Sun-
day for St. Petersburg, where his Majesty is
expected about the middle of this month.
The Assembly of the States of Wurtemberg is
summoned to meet on the 13th inst.

The Danish Parliament was opened on Monday,
but without any speech from the throne.
Prince Charles has convoked an extraordinary
session of the Parliament of Roumania on the 6th
No vember.

Accounts from Mostar to the 30th of September
give satisfactory news from the Herzegovine and
the frontiers of Montenegro. The disappearance
of the cholera had restored security to those
provinces, and the daily relations of commerce and
trade, which had been interrupted for some time in
consequence of the alarm spread by that disorder,
had been resumed under satisfactory circumstances
throughout the whole extent of the frontiers of
Montenegro between the inhabitants of the Black
Mountains and the neighbouring Turkish districts.
I have already mentioned the insurrectionary
movements among the Koumirs, a mountain tribe
of Tunis. The French Government has received an
official telegram, announcing that Prince Sidi-el-
Adel Bey had been arrested at the camp by his
brother, Prince Sidi-Ali Bey, without resistance. A
few platoons of soldiers were sufficient to effect this
arrest, and the insurrection of these mountaineers
is now suppressed.
The weather has been exceedingly severe in the
Eastern Pyrenees. A number of shepherds, whose
flocks were grazing on the mountains of Dorres,
were enveloped in a whirlwind of snow, and were
precipitated against the rocks. An old man of 70,
named bonnet, was unable to extricate himself, and
was buried in the snow. He died in great agony
in a few hours after being taken out. Many oxen
and sheep perished.
I am able to state that, by the direction of the
Emperor himself, Baron Gauldree Boileau, Consul-
General of France at New York, has purchased from
the Government of the United States the formidable
monitor to which the name of Dunderb,-!rg was first
given. It is now called the Rochambeau, and carries
the French flag as a ship of war. The sum paid by
the French Government for this vessel was 2,300,000
dollars. It is of a type so perfect that it has been
called invulnerable. The Rochambeau is not exactly
an ironclad vessel, or a monitor like the first of that
class of the name built in America, nor a ram, or
a floating battery. It is, in fact, a regular fort
built upon a pontoon, of which it occupies half the
length and almost all the breadth. In short, it
would prove what is called an ugly customer against
anyhe nepurchased unarmed.
Th
e two
This vesselminensecannon was
on board when it arrived
at Cherbourg were the object of a second purchase,
which was quite independent of the bargain made
for the vessel. It made the passage from New York
to Cherbourg in 14 days 17 hours. Amongst other
advantages, therefore, it has the valuable quality of
speed. The Rochambeau, which is now in course
of armament, will be ready for sea in a few days.
There is yet another fatal gun accident. A day
or two ago two friends, M. Vassac and M. Carrier,
young men of 22, went out to shoot hares at St.
Servin les Mailhow, near Albi. A hare suddenly
started, when M. Vassac cried out, "Here is the
hare." M. Carrier turned round suddenly in the
direction pointed out, his blouse caught the trigger,
and the charge entered M. % assac's right shoulder.
His friend in great consternation obtained assistance
immediately, but the unfortunate sportsman died in
two hours in the field, it not having been judged
expedient to remove him.

The nocturnal attacks in Paris increase in spite
of the vigilance of the police. Late on Monday
night a tradesman was proceeding along the boule-
vard Sebastopol when he was suddenly surrounded
by about 15 men, who prevented him from moving.
He attempted to defend himself, when he was struck
with a knife, and his watch and his purse were
speedily taken from him. Ilis cries brought the
police, who happily succeeded in arresting six of
these malefactors, who are supposed to belong to a
numerous gang of garotters. One of them had his
blouse stained with the blood from the wound of
the victim, which is not of a dangerous character.
Many similar outrages have taken place within the
last few days.

Notwithstanding the speedily approaching time
for the close of the Great Exhibition, a work of art
has just arrived which is no doubt destined to be
remarked as the most beautiful and artistic produc-
tion of all. I noticed it in passing through the
French department to-day, and it attracted such
crowds that I could not inspect it with the attention
it deserves. I therefore reserve such a notice as it
merits for another day. The Exhibition was well
attended to-day, in spite of the cold weather. As I
am speaking upon the subject it is well to remark
that one of the Paris papers, referring to my notice
in The Sun, in which I made a comparison between
French and English watches, with great impartiality
admits the correctness of the comparison, and fully
endorses the opinions I ventured to express in re-
gard to the novelty and usefulness of the crystal
case watches exhibited by Mr. Walker. This journal
admits that, in spite of the great advance made in
watch manufacture in France, no French manufac-
turer has conceived the idea of fabricating watches
of such a novel, peculiar, and useful description.
These appreciations, simultaneously made in Eng-
land and France, have rendered 111 r. Walker's watch-

stand at the present time as much an object of LA TEST INTELLIGENCE,
interest as any in the Exhibition. We still hear of
the wonderful things which are to be done on the (REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)
31st October, in order that the Exhibition may be
closed even with more splendour and effect than it
commenced. The Emperor and Empress will be
in Paris on the occasion, and several Royal per-
sonages besides—the Paris gossips say our gracious
Queen.
Naval and Military Intelligence.

A draught of 234 men of the Royal Artillery,
under the command of Capt. Curzon, has left War-
ley garrison for Plymouth, and another draught of
44 Guards for London. Major-General Warde,
C. 8., accompanied by Col. Ady, C. 8., command-
ing the depots at Sheerness and Woolwich; Brigade-
Major Hay, Capt. and Adjutant Burn, Capt.
Naugle, assist.-adjutant-general; Capt. Roberts,
commanding Royal Engineers ; and Capt. Clark,
inspector of gymnasiums, has made his half-yearly
visit of inspection to Warley garrison. The troops
on parade were 1,450 strong, and after going through
the usual evolutions they were formed into a hollow
square, and Major-Gen. Warde addressed them,
expressing his general satisfaction with their appear-
ance and discipline. Good conduct medals were
presented to Sergt.-Major Fox and Sergt.-Major
Montgomery.
The sth Dragoon Guards have been inspected at
Colchester by their honorary colonel, Lieut.-General
the Hon. Sir James Yorke Scarlett, K.C.8., in com-
mand of the troops at Aldershott. The veteran
General was accompanied by Lieut. D. H. Doherty,
3d Hus3ars, as aide-de-camp. Good conduct medals,
accompanied by gratuities of £lO, were presented to
Sergt.-Major Joseph Crofts and Sergeant Allsop.
An order was received yesterday from the Horse
Guards, directing a detachment of 75 non-commis-
sioned officers and gunners of the Ist division of the
Depot Brigade, Royal Artillery, to proceed from
headquarters to Shoeburyness, for the purpose of
going through a course of instruction at the School
of Gunnery. A detachment of 70 men of all ranks,
who have completed their instruction at Shoebury-
ness, will rejoin the headquarters of the Ist division,
Depot Brigade.

AMERICA.
(By Atlantic Telegraph.)
NEW YORK, Oct. 9, 6 p.m.

The Democrats have carried the elections in
Pennsylvania, and the Republicans in lowa. In
the latter State the Republican majority was greatly
reduced.
The result of the Ohio elections is doubtful.
The Allan steamship Nova Scotia arrived out
to-day.
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.

Closing Prices.—Gold, 143 ; Sterling Exchange
on London, 109-1- ; 5-20 United States Bonds, 112 i ;
Illinois, 122 ; Erie, 69i ; Cotton, middling up-
land, 20.

PHILADELPHIA, Oct. 9.
Petroleum, standard white, 36.

HADERSLEBEN, OCt. 10.

M. Gessen has returned from Berlin. While in
the Prussian capital he had no interview with any
of the Ministers, but merely conferred on educa-
tional questions with Herr Bucher, the Councillor
of Legation.

The detachments of the Ist battalion of the 10th
Regiment and the Royal Engineers are under orders
to leave Chatham garrison for embarkation on board
the iron screw steam transport Tamar, 2,500-horse
power, Capt. F. W. Sullivan, C. 8., for the Cape of
Good Hope on the 16th inst. The service companies
of the Ist battalion of the 10th Regiment, now doing
duty at the Cape of Good Hope, will shortly pro-
ceed to Japan, to relieve one of the British regiments
under orders to return home.

Yesterday the 12th company of the Royal Engi-
neers, numbering 10 non-commissioned officers, two
buglers, and 40 sappers and miners, left the head-
quarters of the Royal Engineer establishment,
Chatham, and proceeded to Milton barracks, for
the purpose of going through a course of ball prac-
tice with the Snider rifle, previously to embarking
for colonial service. The following officers left
Brompton barracks with the 12th company—viz.,
Capt. J. M. H. Maitland, Lieut. R. C. T. Hildyard,
and Lieut. H. Jekyll.
The 70th Regiment left the North Camp, Alder-
shot, last evening by two special train trains on the
S3uth Eastern Railway for Ashton-under-Lyne,
Bury, and Carlisle.
A grand amateur concert was given at the Club-
house, Aldershot, by the amateurs of the Aldershot
division on Tuesday evening. The proceeds of the
concert are to be devoted towards paying off the
debt still existing for the fitting up of the theatre in
the Club-house. Among those present were Lieut.-
Gen. the Hon. Sir J. Y. Scarlett, Lady Scarlett,
Major-Gen. and Mrs. Hodge, Major-Gen. and Mrs.
Renny, and the principal officers of the staff with
their families.

HAMBURG, OCt. 10.

The order prohibiting the importation of cattle
from England, Holland, Belgium, and Russia, in
consequence of the cattle plague, has been rescinded.

ITALY.

The chartered transport Countess Russell, Capt.
Marehmont Penfold, with a battalion of the Mili-
tary Train from New Zealand, arrived alongside
the T pier in Woolwich Arsenal yesterday morning,
and landed her troops. They consisted of Colonel
O'Brien, in command, Capt. and Alr s. Green, Capt.
Stone, Lieuts. St. Auby n, Sewell, and Davison,
Lieut. and Adj t. Shackleton, wife and family, Col.
Gambol, Assist.-Quartermaster-Gen. ; Quartermas-
ter Lambert, Assist.-Surg. Tomlinson, wife, and
child, 260 non-commissioned officers and privates
,NElitary Train, 40 women and 56 children. There
were likewise 12 men draughted from various regi-
ments of the line. The Countess Russell experienced
a heavy gale on the early part of the voyage, but the
weather afterwards was very favourable. She sailed
from Auckland on the Ist of July direct for the
Channel. There were two births and two deaths at
sea—namely, a child who died off Cape Horn, and
one soldier in the tropics.
The following appointments have been made at
the Admiralty :—Commander Webster E. Stone, to
the Royal Oak ; Lieut. Frederick G. M. Powell, to
the Rosario; Lieut. Edward T. F. Smith, to the
Helicon ; Lieut. Albert B. Jenkings, to the Gladia-
tor; Navigating Lieut. Benjamin S. Jackson, to
the Rosario ; Sub-Lieut. the Hon. Richd. Bingham,
to the Rosario ; Edwin H. S. W. Card, assist.-pay-
master, to the Serapis ; James G. Gordon, clerk, to
the y ictory, as supernumerary ; Edward Eckersley,
engineer, additional, to the Mersey, for service in
the Rose; James Bannerman, engineer, to the
Indus, additional, for service in the Bann ; John
llill, engineer, additional, t') the Asia, for charge,
of the engines of the Avon ; and David Harris,
acting second second-class assist.-engineer, to the
Serapis.

EXPLOSION AND LOSS OF LIFE AT
EDINBURGH.

EDINBURGH, Wednesday Evening.

To-day, at one o'clock, a disastrous explosion took
place in the shop of a person named Hammond,
firework dealer, Canongate. Hammond was pre-
paring rockets, when the materials ignited and
there was a frightful rush of flames to the street and
also to the staircase, rendering escape impossible to
the inmates of a large house containing numerous
families. One woman jumped four stories to the
road and was killed. Children were thrown over
by their mothers, but were, with one exception,
caught uninjured, one girl having her skull frac-
tured. Several women were rescued by ropes and
ladders, and after the fire was subdued in the stair-
case search was made in the building and two
women were rescued, one of whom and a child died
immediately. A young girl, servant to Hammond,
perished in the explosion, and Hammond and his
family are dreadfully injured. In all five deaths
are reported and seven persons are in the in-
firmary.

FLORENCE, Oct. 9, Evening.

Since the encounter between the insurgents and
the Papal troops at Bagnora no intelligence of
any importance has been received. The insurrec-
tion still continues in various localities, and it is
believed that the concentration of the different
bands is intended.