The Sun.
London, England, 1867-07-31 00:00:00

to report to an adjourned meeting of shareholders."
Mr. Rous seconded the motion.
A long discussion ensued, and several amend-
ments were moved, but the resolution proposed by
the chairman was adopted by a large majority.
Mr. 11. Green and Mr. St. George Burke were
then elected directors in the room of Mr. Hoare,
deceased, and Mr. Rendle resigned, and the meet-
ing adjourned to the Ist of November next.

CROPS AND COMMERCE.

The revival of trade between the United King-
dom and the United States, interrupted by the late
war, is clearly sun in the Report of her MAJESTY'S
Commissioners of CuAotus, in 'presenting to the
Treasury, the statistics of Trade and Revenue for
the year 1866. The values of the exports of
British and Irish produce show an increase
of £23,000,000 over those of 1865, and the imports
an increase of £24,000,000. Almost the whole of
this extraordinary rise is due to the revival of the
exchange of commodities between the two sections
of the Anglo-Saxon race. The year 1865 was con-
sidered iu Great Britain to be one of unusual pros-
perity. That of 1866 was marked by a financial
panic, that has had a powerful effe.:t in depressing
trade, and, by destroying confidence, has pro-
tracted this depression beyond all former experience.
Not has this panic and lengthened depression been
confined to the United Kingdom—it has ramified
over the world, and been severely felt though from
different causes, in the United States. In the
face, then, of a dejection everywhere experienced
this rise in the exports and imports has been
achieved. It is gratifying to know that unless in-
terrupted by a war, it is almost impossible to check
the steady growth of commerce between England
and America. On the one hand, the industry and
natural advantages of each country rise superior to
any legislation however mistaken ; and on the other
hand, each country obtains its necessary supplies in
spite of all obstacles. The immediate effect of peace
in the United States was to restore with a marvellous
rapidity the former commercial relations with Great
Britain: The whole of the vast increase of the
imports into the United Kingdom amounting to
£24,000,000 is due to the United States. The total
receipts for 1865 from the great Republic were
£46,852,281, showing the increase of last year to be
more than half the total of the year preceding. But
the rapidity of the move upwards is better seen from
the fact that the imports from the United States for
1866 exceeded those of 1864 and 1865 put together.
The period when the imports into Great Britain
from the United States reached the maximum was in
1861, when the war commenced. This was due
mainly to two causes. People who foresaw the
struggle to be inevitable made prodigious efforts to
push all the cotton and other produce they could
collect from the Southern States into Europe, and
the crops of that year were unusually large. The
effect of the war was to enhance the value of these
staples, and, in consequence, the figures represent-
ing their values became immensely increased. Al-
though the imports from the Republic for 1866
do not equal in amount those of 1861, yet that year
is the single exception. The direction to which we
may look for the cause of the increase is clearly in-
dicated, and is full of promise of returning prospe-
rity to the South. It is known that two previous
years of neglected culture and bad harvests through-
out the Union were on the third year followed by a
harvest still worse, eventually necessitating the prairie
States to import breadstuffs for the subsistence of
their inhabitants. The supply of wheat furnished
by the United States to Great Britain thus fell in
1866 to a value of £375,000, or one-tenth the value
of that imported in 1861. It is not then to the
Northern States we must look for the cause of the
increase. Of course cotton takes thelead in accounting
which 7, 000 000
cwts. (by far the largest quantity ,
imported from
for the upward move. In 1861 England imported
11,000,000 cwts. of cotton, of
one country) came from the United States. Last
year England imported 12,200,000 cwts., of which
the United States furnished 4,600,000 cwts. The
increase in quantity from the worst year of the
war to the concluding year of the Report, is repre-
sented by values of £365,000, followed by
£5,000,000 for 1865 and £24,000,000 for 186 G.
The price of cotton, now that the United States has
again fairly entered the field, has fallen consider-
ably, and therefore the returns of the present year,
although exceeding in quantity, may show a less
aggregate value. But there can be little doubt that
the States will maintain and probably increase the
trading position they have resumed. Throughout
the Union the harvest is considered one of the most
promising ever seen, and of all sorts of produce the
reports are favourable. Free labour in the South is
working better and more economically than em-
ployeri expected ; and industry is resuming its old
habits and channels. Thus we may expect a large
increase in breadstuffs, the great staple of the
North, and at the same time a steady revival and
development of the vast agricultural resources of
the South. It is to these staples we must look for
the solution of the Financial problem, which has so
long and strongly agitated Congress. The exports
of cotton, tobacco, wheat, maize, and rice, ought to
if so, the precious metals will not be re-
balance the value of the imports into the United
adjust differences. This would leave in the
e'enormous and daily increasing yield of
ciSnt
Unionai
rt ee
to athnd
gold and silver produced in the Pacific States, and
Secretary 3.l.Cut.Locit would then have the ball at
his foot to roll as he pleased. A satisfactory settle-
ment of the labour question and a few good harvests
would have a magical effect in altering prices in Wall-
street and in the gold-room. Abundance of pro-
duce must lead to an accumulation of the precious
metals, and that to a return to specie payments.
All depends on the crops, which at least this year
are considered safe. In the Southern and Central
States wheat is being harvested, and elsewhere
throughout the Union it is thought secure beyond
all but extraordinary contingencies. The high price
led to a greater area than ever being placed under
cultivation. Returns received at the Bureau of
Statistics in Washington, given in the Wall-street
Journal, show an increase in the acreage of wheat
this year of 10 to 15 per cent. The estimated im-
provement in the crop over last year is shown by
the following table :
Ohio l6O p. cent. Mi550uri......... 89 p. cont.
Indiana 73 do. Kentucky ...... 53 do.
Michigan
Wisconsin
Minnesota
Illinois
The breadth of cotton sown is very large, and,
notwithstanding the
circulated about the cotton crops to influence
prices, its condition is known to be highly favour-
able, and gives every promise of exceeding. any
except that of 1861. The hay is
former crop rumours of damage always
secured in overflowing abundance and fine condi-
tion ; and corn, though late, owing to the cold,
wet spring,
looks well, and has lately been
rapidly ripening. Secretary Al'CuLLoca has had to
contend with uulooked-for difficulties, but there is
now good reason to believe that he will be helped
along in a degree he little expected by the agricul-
tural industry of the people and favourable weather.
Some of the cheery New York correspondents of
the London dailies will be compelled to change their
tone, and cease to excite the apprehensions of weak-
minded European bondholders interested in the
financial prosperity
of the United States.—Atig/o-
American Times.

ndian

EADVERTISIiM"t3—AvoI,I Medicines: they always aggravate
chronic complaints: but Du Barry's delicious licalth-restoring
Revelenta Arabiea Food which yields three times the nourish-
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and invariably restores perfect digestion, strong nerves, sound
—The health of the HU:lyre4°ll.e6:
lungs, healthy liver, pure blood, refreshinf, sleep, functional
regularity, am' energy to the most disordered or enfeebled. We
extract a few out of 6,i,000 cures ;—" The Pope's health restored
by Du Barry's Food.is Route, July 21, 1866.
especially since,
abandoning all other remedies, he has confined himself entirely
to Du Barry's Revalenta Aralaica Food, of which he consumes
a plateful at every meal. It has produced a surprisingly bene-
ficial effect on his health, and his Holiness cannot praise this excel
lent food too highly." From the "Gazette de Midi, July 25. Cure
No. 58,216, of the Marchioness de Brehm', of seven years liver
• complaint, wasting away, debility, nervousness, with a nervous
palpitation all over, bad digestion, constant sleeplessness, and
the most intolerable nervous agitation" Cure No. 1,771; Lord
Stuart do Decies, Lord Lieutenant of Waterford, of many years'
dyspepsia. No. 49,832: " Fifty years indescribable agony from
dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constii ,alien, flatulency,
spasms, sickness, and vomiting.—Maria Joly.—Cure No.
46,270: Mr. James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of 30 years
diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, and
partial deafness. Important Caution.—Beware of the many
unsavoury and more than sloppy imitations to which, without
authority, Baron Liebig's name is most audaciously attached
In tins at ls. ; 1 lb., 2s. 9d. 2 lbs., 4s. Gd.; 5 lbs.,
12 lbs., 2'25.; 24 lbs.,. 403.—BAltair Du BARRY and Co., No. 77,
ilegent-street, London; also Fortnam and Mason, 182, Piccadilly ;
and at 61, Gracechurch-street; 4, Cifeapside ; 63, 150, and 2t)S,
Oxford-street 330 Strand; and all grocers and chemists.

Miscella:

N cws

Admiral Tegethoff with his suite, left Liverpool
on Saturday by the China for Mexico, proceeding
by New York and Washington. It is stated that
an officer of the American navy will accompany the
Admiral to Queretaro. Juarez has, we 'believe,
signified to the United States Government his wil-
lingness to deliver up the body of Maximilian. ltn-
tne

diately after the execution the corpse was em-
balmed. Juarez is said to have been compelled by
his subordinate commanders to order the death of
the Prince. It has generally been supposed that
the execution was highly unpopular among the
Indian inhabitants, and Juarez himself was au

We noticed last week the serious illness of Judge
James W. Way ne, and this week we have to announce
his death, which occurred at Washington, Friday,
sth instant, at the age of 77. He had been ap-
pointed to his office by President Jackson. Ile
was a Southerner from the State of Georgia.
This vacancy reduces the Judges of the Supreme
Court to 8, but in compliance with the law lately
passed fixing the number at 6 the vacancy will not
be filled. The death is also announced of John A.
King, son of the celebrated Rufus King, once
United States Minister to St. James's. The late
Mr. King had held several responsible offices, even-
tually obtaining the high position of Governor of
the State of New York. He was educated at the
English public school of Harrow, and was there a
contemporary of Lord Byron and Sir Robert Peel.
He was delivering an address at Jamaica, Long
Island, on Independence Day, when he was stricken
with paralysis, and died a few hours afterwards, at
the age of 80. Another death is noted in this week's
advices, that of Mr. E. J. Westmoreland, British
Consul at Brunswick, Georgia, who, on Friday, sth
July, was shot by a man named Martin. The late
Consul had but a few hours before married a
lady of Brunswick, and it is thought jealousy
led to the murder. The assassin was arrested,
and committed to. the Savannah Gaol. It ap-
pears that -.General Meagher fell from the deck
of a steamer near Fort Benton, and was swept
away by the current. He was born at Waterford
in 1823, and in 1848, as a leader of the young Ire-
land party, he was arrested during the abortive
rebellion, tried for high treason, and sentenced to
death. This was commuted to transportation to
Tasmania, whence lie escaped in a very questionable
manner in 1851. He proceeded direct to New
York, where he was enthusiastically received by his
countrymen in 1852. In 1861 he entered the army
as a captain for the war, and rose to the rank of
brigadier-general. He was not very successful as
a soldier except in using up the men under his
command, but be served till the end of the war,
and was then appointed secretary of Montana, and
was acting-governor when he was drowned. Ex-
Governor and Ex-Senator Lazarus W. Powell has
also died during the week.
Congress has defeated by a heavy majority the
resolution introduced in the House on the 9th to re-
assemble Congress in October to take up the work
of Impeachment, and to compel the Judiciary Com-
mittee to make a report. The majority of the Com-
mittee held that there were no grounds for impeach-
ment, and on this plea refused to report. Last
Monday, July 22, Congress adjourned to the 13th
November. The House rejected Mr. Munger's
resolution for an investigation of rebel prisoners by
the North, and resolved that the House would en-
tertain no resolution implying other than humane
treatment of rebel prisoners.
By the Jaca we learn that Congress had passed
the supplemental Reconstruction Bill with the
amendments of the House in the Senate, by a ma-
jority of 31 to 6, and in the House by 111 against
30 votes, and the bill had gone to the President.
A million dollars had been appropriated for Re-
construction, but the President states that the act
will necessitate the appropriation of $14,000,000,
and that Congress should consider if, in abrogating
civil Governments, the National Government would
not become responsible for the debts incurred before
the rebellion, amounting to $100,000,000. The
Justiciary Committee were instructed by the Senate
to inquire whether Kentucky, Maryland, and Dela-
ware have Republic forms of government.
Our neighbour, the Echoes of the Clubs, is too
young to know the injury it may do by concocting
despatches and publishing them as genuine docu-
ments. Some time ago such a despatch appeared
in its columns, as from the pen of Mr. Seward.
This bore too unmistakeably the stamp of its origin
to impose and obtain an extended circulation. But
the Echoes has been much more successful in its last
attempt. If the Echoes succeeded in imposing on
the Pall-Mall Gazette, and other English journals
of repute, it is little wonder that American news-
papers have been deceived. We cut from a leading
weekly the following item :—" The Russian Go-
vernment has taken the remarkable step of pro-
posing that Russia, France, and the United States
interfere with England in behalf of Ireland. The
wrongs of the Irish must be grave indeed to attract
the attention of the Czar of Russia, but it is not
likely that England will thank him for his inter-
ference or follow his advice." We hope our contem-
porary will next exercise its ingenuity in a more
harmless direction. It should bear in mind that it
can give circulation to a report injurious to its
country, but it cannot undo the mischief, unless
aided by some such powerful journal as the Times.
The change wrought in Richmond may be
gathered from the fact that the negroes have nomi-
nated Cornelius Harris (coloured), a shoemaker,
for Mayor, and three negroes and two whites for
the city council. On the register lists, so far,
the blacks predominate by 1,700. Twenty negroes
are to be enrolled in the police force, so intensely
to the disgust of the white members of that body
that they all threaten to resign.
At Memphis, Tennessee, the completed list foots
up 7,185 coloured, and 3,945 white voters. In
Georgia we find partial returns from various coun-
ties, which uniformly show a large majority of
coloured voters. In Savannah the negroes regis-
tered outnumber the whites three to one.
General Butler, at the head of his committee for
grubbing to the roots of the assassination conspi-
racy, has set to work with his usual vigour. On
Wednesday, 10th, he examined Mr. Ould, formerly
Confederate Commissioner for exchange of pri-
soners. Mr. Ould was closely questioned with refer-
ence to the course taken by thevarious Federal officers
and the impediments thrown in the way of effecting
the exchange. The president of the committee
directed his questions so as mainly to bear on Gene-
ral Grant. The public cannot see the connection
between this exchanffe and the assassination con-
spiracy. A committee has been appointed by Con-
gress to inquire into the treatment of Federal pri-
soners im Confederate prisons, and such evidence
as Mr. Butler endeavoured to elicit is more pro-
perly within their province. The Conservatives
desire to instruct Shank's committee to investigate
the alleged ill-treatment of Confederate soldiers in
Northern prisons, as a reference to the reports in
the War Office show that more Southerners died
during their detention in theNorththanNortherners
detained in the Southern gaols.
General Butler has introduced and passed reso-
lutions in the House of Representatives for the
appointment of a committee to inquire into the
assassination plot, and of this committee, consisting
of five, he has been appointed chairman. Power
is granted to send for persons and papers, and to sit
during the recess of Congress. Also to grant par-
dons to those who turn evidence. Mr. Butler still
holds that Mrs. Surratt was unjustly convicted, but
it is thought that his object is to implicate people
in the highest position in the guilt of this horrible
conspiracy. Surratt might be brought before
the committee as an evidence, and pardoned if he
made a full confession. The following is the last
and most pithy of the resolutions :—" Be it further
resolved, that as the crime to be investigated is of a
most heinous, and, in this country, unprecedented
character, and is believed to have included in its plan
and perpetration many persons holding high positions
of power and authority because of the civil war, who
were active through inferior persons as their tools
and instruments ; and as such persons may be pre
vented from giving evidence because of liability to
punishment for participation in such conspiracy ;
therefore, in order to open all sources of evidence,
the committee be empowered to report a bill grant-

ing grace and amnesty, according to Parliamentary
usage, to any person having cognisance of such con-
spiracy not already put on trial and convicted of
complicity therein, who shall give material and
faithful evidence tending to bring to light the facts
of said conspiracy; and that in the judgment of
the House no person in whose favour said report
shall be made ought to be brought to trial on any
evidence given by him to the committee, nor should
such evidence be used against such person on any
trial." On Friday, the sth inst., the prosecution
closed in the trial of Surratt, and the defence com-
menced next thy, being opened by Mr. Bradley,
junior, who declared his belief in the prisoner's in-
nocence, and his ability to prove an alibi, as well as
to break down the most important testimony of the
Government. The proprietor and many of the
actors employed at Ford's 'Theatre when the assas-
sination occurred were examined, and a professor
at the Observatory of Washington. These wit-
nesses show that the theatre was not open on the
day preceding the assassination--that the mysterious
calling of the time is to apprise the actors when
they must appear on the stage, and that it was not
Surratt who called the time, bat an employ of the
theatre. They further show that the night was
cloudy and dark, and that it was impossible for
people to have been sworn to by the wit-
nesses for the prosecution. The testimony on
Thursday was interesting and important. Its
object was to destroy Weiehman's evidence. Sur-
ratt's counsel stated that he could prove Weichman
to have been deep in the conspiracy. Hollahan,
who accompanied the detectives to Canada in their
search for Surratt, claims the handkerchief picked
up at the railway station at Vermont as his own.
It will be remembered that it was supposed to have
been dropped by Surratt as he fled from Washing-
ton to Montreal on the night of the murder. The
Government witnesses, Tibbetts, Lee, Cleaver, and
several others, are, according to a number of per-
sons, not to be relied on, and the last was shown to
have been tried and convicted of rape and man-

slaughter.
Petroleum has again been tried on board the
United States gunboat Palos at Boston, on July 3.
The vessel steamed 44 nautical miles in 4 hours
10 minutes, or at the rate of 10 knots an hour, con-
suming eight barrels of petroleum. This trial is
considered conclusive, confirming, as it does, the
success on previous occasions. Greater speed would
have been attained, but for the derangement
of the air-pumps which were temporarily con-
nected. The gentlemen on board resolved them-
selves into a meeting, and passed sundry reso-
lutions, of which the last was as follows:---
Resolved, " That the thanks of the commercial
world are due to Colonel H. R. Foote and his asso-
ciates for this discovery, which must produce an
important revolution in ocean and river steam
navigation."
On a recent visit to Lennoxville Jefferson Davis
at the Sherbrook Railway station made a short
speech. lie was met there by a large crowd, who
welcomed him with loud cheers, and, after some per-
suasion, he said :—" Gentlemen,—I thank you most
kindly for this hearty British reception, which I take
as a manifestation of your sympathy and goodwill
for one in misfortune. It bespeaks the true in-
stincts of your race. I trust you may ever remain
as free a people as you are now, and that under the
union of your provinces you will grow great and
prosperous as you are free. I hope that you will
hold fast to your British principles, and that you
may ever strive to cultivate a close and affectionate
connexion with the mother country. Gentlemen,
again I thank you."
The Iron Age encourages the stern re solve of the
Irish People to smother the British lion with its
own
piece goods and other manufactures. As the
British lion cannot be choked out of existence by
the Fenian grasp of the shaggy beast's throat, the
oft-tried device is to be again attempted of starving
it by withdrawing custom. We cannot say with
what amount of dismay the much-enduring brute
will hear of this fresh conspiracy for its destruc-
tion. It may perhaps be comforted by the know-
ledge that the scheme has been often planne I, but with
little harm. People have a shocking habit of buy-
ing in the cheapest market, and of this inveterate
propensity it has been found most difficult to break
them. While the New York Ti ibune has been ad-
vocating " Protection to American Industry" it is
regularly printed on paper imported from Europe,
and takes credit to itself for the great advance it has
made in the creditable appearance of its sheet. We
wonder what paper the Iron Age uses ? It certainly
is of so good a quality that we are half-inclined to
believe that it also is foreign. But this of
course cannot be so, for whatever might be the
inconsistency of the Tribune, the Iron Age could not
have the audacity to print on foreign paper the
article to which we allude. It will scarcely be
gratifying to the Iron Age to learn that the country
which has taken the largest supply of British pro-
duce and manufactures for the last year is the
United States, the increase being so great as to
restore the value of British exports to that country
to a higher position than they occupied before the
American war. But whether gratifying or not,
the increase of imports into the TJnited Kingdom
from the United States is on a still larger scale than
the increase of exports, as the annual report to which
we allude elsewhere shows. If the Fenian conspiracy
drops into this harmless result, we may well con-
gratulate the Irish brotherhood on the change from
dangerous madness into drivelling idiotcy.