The Sun.
London, England, 1867-08-12 00:00:00

different. As it was of no consequence if it passed
one session or another, so long as it was satisfac-
torily arranged at last. The Reform Bill is, on
the contrary, most important, and suggests that no
time should be lost about it. Lord Derby, we
fully expect, will advise the Lords to agree to the
reasons of the Commons, and thus obviate the ne-
cessity for a discussion, and the result would be, of
course, that the bill would soon become law.
It would be out of the question to
suppose that the House of Commons
could not agree to the voting papers or to the £lO
copyhold or leasehold franchises, because it must be
remembered that they have twice decided against
them already. Such a concession is not to be
expected nor even desired, for it would be un-
fitting to the dignity of that assembly. The
House of Lords have done something as it
is, and they had better rest content with
what they have achieved, and not attempt
too much. The representation to minorities
which they have given to some of the
largest constituencies is a change of an important
kind, and one that will introduce a new state of
things into the House of Commons. With the ac-
complishment of this great scheme, the Lords must
make up their minds to give up their other plans,
and they had better do so with a good grace. If
the only wise course that lies before them be taken,
and we have no doubt that it will, the bill will
speedily become law, and the chief want of our legisla-
tion supplied. People have become so accustomed to
seeing ono session go by after another with nothing
done in the way of Reform, that it will be, indeed, a
startling change to find that this year has seen the
realisation of the hopes of many preceding ones.
It often happens, when a work of this kind has
gone on for some time, that as it nears its conclu-
sion some drawback occurs in it, and the progress
of the Bill in the House of Lords has not been so
satisfactory as could have been hoped. There
was, on more than one occasion, reason to
fear that it might, at the eleventh hour,
follow the long train of defeated mea-
sures that had preceded it. When, at last, the
measure had left the Upper House, the Commons
started new difficulties by disagreeing with the last
amendments sent down to them. We feel confident,
however, notwithstanding all these hindrances, that
the end is near, and that a satisfactory one. The
House of Lords will have too much sense, and too
much anxiety, for the passing of the mea-
sure to agree to any act which would
interfere with that one, and they will
choose the only safe course which lies before them,
namely, that of accepting the reasons of the Com-
mittee of the Commons, and thus remove the last
obstacle that stands in the way of the measure.
Not till the bill has become law will the relief be
experienced of having this vexed question settled.
For long years it has stood in the way of other
useful and important acts of legislation, besides
being the bugbear of statesmen and the shipwreck
of Cabinets, the fruitful source of agitation,
and the source of anxiety to the wise and far-seeing.
The Government of Lord DERBY have indeed
accomplished a great work, and now it will be
univertally recognised when it is a settled thing.
They have effected what their predecessors could
not do with a large majority in the House of Com-
mons, and what the former Cabinet could not
and would not do with many and great
advantages around them. While a few may
murmur at this, and find fault with that,
the general voice of the community will be
in favour of the measure as it stands, and
that is the best that can be hoped for ; for under no
circumstances can everybody be satisfied, and no-
thing is more difficult than to pass a measure of
reform.

The long-talked of trial of SURRATT for compli-
city in the assassination of President LINCOLN has
come to a somewhat unexpected conclusion. The
jury finding themselves unable to agree to a verdict
have been dismissed. The evidence given was of
so contradictory a character, and the rumours of
sinister influences were so current, that it is not sur-

prising such should have been the result. The tele-
graph brings us no further news, but the arrival of
two vessels, bearing date July 31st and August Ist,
confirm the previous accounts of disturbance and
uneasiness throuipout the South. Gen. SHERIDAN,
who seems to have adopted the Radical policy con
amore, has removed Governor THROCKHORTON, of
Texas, for opposing the State Convention,
otherwise impeding reconstruction," and has ap
pointed ex-Governor PEASE as his successor. This
continual interference with the State officials can
hardly be otherwise than mischicvoul, more espe-
, civilly as by the action of political parties the re-

" and

'royal is likely to be superseded in the course of a

few weeks, and the supposed offender reinstated.

The decision of the Attorney-General respecting
the constitutional law was against the supercession

the United States is of the 26th of July, when his
position is described as " very equivocal." He had
requested Porfirio Diaz to give him the means of
reaching the coast with 250 other Frenchmen who
had remained at Mexico. Diaz had referred the
matter to Juarez, who replied that M. Dano must
wait until his arrival in the capital. There seems
little doubt that M. Dano is really a prisoner, but
it is supposed that ho will be liberated on the arrival
of Juarez.
There has been a terrible catastrophe at Bor-
deaux. Some explosive materials in the cellars of
a house took fire, and several buildings were blown
up with no less than 80 persons. Some were killed,
and upwards of 30 were taken to the hospital. It
is feared that more victims will be found in the

cellars.
An artilleryman of the 10th Regiment at Vin-
cennes has murdered a young servant girl with
whom he was on very intimate terms. They had
passed the day together on Friday, and after a quar-
rel, the girl having threatened to leave him, he drew
a dagger from his pocket and stabbed her to the
heart. Death was instantaneous. The murderer
was arrested without resistance.
Count de Labedoyere, a Senator, died on Friday
last.
Yesterday and to-day have been settled, real
summer days, with uninterrupted sunshine and ex-
cessive heat.
Another King has arrived in Paris, Orelie Antoine
the First, King of Avaccania and Patagonia, but as
he is a very poor King nobody takes any notice of
him. He is so poor, indeed, that he has petitioned
the Senate to give him a pension. This he has done
in despair, having, without success, written to the
Emperor, the Empress, and the Imperial Prince,
and sent a memorial. to the Minister of Foreign
Affairs. In his memorial he says that " the moment
he ascended the throne he endeavoured to establish
a strong central Government."

THE RAIL WA YA CCIDENT NEAR DUBLIN
THE FENIAN TRIALS.

-•

DUBLIN, Sunday.
The coroner's jury found that the accident on the
Bray Railway was caused by some defect in the
permanent way, but that they had not sufficient
evidence to say what the defect was. The wounded
are progressing favourably, with the exception of
Mrs. Williams, Mrs. Jordan, and a man named
Donnelly, who arc not expected to live. The
engine-driver and stoker are going on well.
Captain Moriarty was found guilty of treason
felony at the Kerry Sessions on Saturday, and sen-
tenced to twenty years' penal servitude. A witness
swore that it was arranged that Moriarty should
hang Father Mawe, P.P., Cahirciveen, for speak-
ing against Fenians from the altar. Thomas
Noonan was sentenced to ten and Reilly and
Goulding to five years' penal servitude.

The West Gloucestershire Election Riots

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v../Dun
tirtubr.

HER MAJESTY, dzc•

OSBORNE, AUG. 11.

The Queen drove out yesterday afternoon, at-
tended by the Countess of Gainsborough and Lady
Augusta Stanley.
The llon. Mortimer Sackville West was in at-
tendance upon horseback.
Princess Louise, Prince Leopold, and Princess
Beatrice also went out. _ .

ller Majesty and their Royal Highnesses Princess
Louise and Princess Beatrice, and the Ladies and
Gentlemen in waiting, attended Divine Service at
Whippingham Church this morning.
The Rev. George Prothero officiated.
his Royal Highness Prince Arthur, attended by
Major Elphinstone, left Osborne yesterday for
Greenwich Park.

The Right Hon. John Wilson Patten, Chancellor
of the Duchy of Lancaster, arrived at Osborne yes-
terday, and had the honour of dining with the Queen
and the Royal Family.
Lieut.-General the Hon. Charles and Mrs. Grey
had also the honour of being invited.
Mr. Odo Russell has left Osborne.

The Princess of Wales drove out on Saturday
afternoon, attended by the Hon. Mrs. Hardinge.
The Prince of Wales, with Captain Ellis in wait-
ing, attended Divine Service at the Chapel Royal,
St. James's, yesterday morning.

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.—His Royal high-
ness the Prince of Wales, attended by Captain Ellis,
honoured this theatre by his presence on Saturday even-
ing to witness the performance of Mr. Hermann Vozin
in
the highly successful play of " The Man ce Airlio."

INDIAN MODES OF SALMON FISHING.

On the Nanimo river the Indians have a most
ingenious contrivance for taking salmon. They
construct a weir across the stream, and, instead of
placing basket traps, they pave the bottom with
white or light-coloured stones ; this pavement is
always made on the lower side of the weir, and
leads to an opening in the wicker ; a stage is erected
between or near these paved ways, so that Indians
lying on the stage can see in an instant if a
salmon attempts to ascend over the white paving.
A long spear, barbed at the end, is held poised in
readiness, and woe betide the adventurous salmon
that runs the gauntlet of this perilous pas-
sage. But the most ingenious system I have
ever seen practised is employed at Johnson's
Narrows, near the Nimkish river. Salmon readily
take a bait in salt water. The Nimkish Indians
provide a spear 70 feet in length, together with a
shorter one having a barbed trident end, about 20
feet in length ; two Indians paddle along in a canoe,
and when on favourable fishing ground moor it.
The one having the long spear is likewise provided
with a small hollow cone of wood, trimmed round
its greater circumference with feathers like a shut-
tlecock ; this cone he places on the end of the
long spear, and depresses it under water until
down the full length of the spear ; then a
skilful jerk detaches this feathered cone, and
it wriggles up through the water like a strug-
gling fish. The savage with the short spear
intently watches the deceiver—a salmon rushes at
it, when like magic, ho transfixes it with the spear.
In June or July the great " run" begins, and
the number of salmon that ascend the various
streams is beyond belief to any one who has never
seen them. In some of the tributaries to the
Fraser river, the Chilukweyuk is an instance—a
perfect mountain torrent—the salmon throng up in
such myriads that it is next to impossible to
throw a stone without hitting a fish. The spring
salmon keep to the large streams, and seldom
enter the tributaries until they get a long way uP
from the sea ; these spring fish reach the salmon
falls at Colville, in June, distant about 1,000 miles
from the sow- This salmon is the Salmo Quinnat of
;in ‘...ranook, typho, or chiLf
salmon ;" Colville Indian, " S3met-leek ;" Yakima
Indian, " kwin-na-to ;" Nisqually Indian, "catsup."
It is beyond doubt the finest salmon obtained in the
rivers and inlets of British Columbia. The colour of
the flesh is the most delicate pink, the general
appearance bright silvery and metallic, the dorsal
region having a tinge of greenish hue. Commer-
cially, it is, too, by far the most valuable salmon,
and very large quantities are salted and bar-
relled by the Hudson's Bay Company at Fort
Langley upon the Fraser. During the season
the Indians on thd Columbia, Fraser, and, in-
deed, on all the principal streams, take immense
quantities of these salmon, and prefer them
to any other species for drying and winter use.
At the cascades on the Columbia, and on the
Fraser river, the method of taking salmon is
with scoop nets. The salmon keep close to the
shore, to avoid the more rapid current, and to take
advantage of the eddies to rest in during their
upward run. The Indian builds, or rather hangs,
a stage over the water, and lies upon it, armed with
a net like a shrimping net, about four feet in dia-
meter, fastened to the end of along pole. Ile passes
his net down the current, and allows it to be swept
on as far as his arms can reach, then he hauls it
out and plunges it in again up stream as far as pos-
sible. In this way I have seen a savage take 35 to 40
salmon an hour. They usually fish immediately
after sunrise, or late in the evening. At the north
of the Fraser river and on Puget Sound the Indian
employs long poles, with sharp gaff-hooks at the end
of them, then paddling about in canoes, thus hook
in large numbers of salmon. Higher up the streams,
at the salmon falls or leaps, the Indians use huge
wicker baskets, flat on one side, and bellied out
on the other ; these they bang in places where
they well know the salmon leap ; usually
against the face of a rock, the fiat side
of the basket being towards the rock. These
baskets are hung before the river begins to flood
from the melting snow, for the Columbia rises At
least 35ft. above its autumn and winter level.
As
soon as the water bas risen sufficiently for the fish
to leap the falls, at it they go, and in leaping often
fall back into the baskets. I have seen from 250 to
300 salmon taken from out ono basket two or three
times a day. I have likewise seen over 100 salmon
in the air at one time, and often six or eight tum-
ble into a basket together. Two Indians go naked,
into this huge pannier, each carrying in his hanu
a heavy wooden club, and, utterly reckless of the
water dashing over them, and scrambling about
amongst the struggling fish, they seize one after
another by the gills, give each salmon a crack eu
the head with a club, then fling it out upon th°
rocks, whereon the squaws are waiting ; the ,omen
t
pounce upon the stunned fish, lug them away, ell
off their heads, split them open, take out the baciv
bones, and then hang them upon long poles to drY,
keeping a small fire always smouldering underneath
_
the poles to partially smoke the drying fish. Salm%
cured in this way I have known to keep two Year
perfectly fresh.—A Home in the TVilderness.

---------
THE HARVEST IN THE EAST.—Tho harvest roaY
now be said to be becoming general in the eastern distrct'
In the neighbourhood of Newmarket the corn
crops °f.
i
every sort are heavy, and they are expected to yield a ful.
average. About Godmauchoster the corn crops aro pro'
mising, and all that is now required is fine and seasonaaai
l"
weather. Recent heavy rains have boaton down
fiells of grain, but if flue weather follows it is thougbt
that no serious damage will result. Reaping machia°
cannot, however, be so extensively used as on former occa-
-BiollB owing to the corn having been knocked down tl°
much. Near Debenham (Suffolk) wheat is considered t°
be quite equal, if not superior, to en average ; some Pieces
which in the spring were thouglAt to be thin and inferi4-4
have now improved. Barley ict this district cannot 10t
called a good average crop. Peas are in many 00,09 "1
and carted, and will prove a fair -.ield. Beans, if not ectO
to last year, must be called a gocd crop. Wheat has beeo
cut in several places about Woodbridge (Suffolk); it DT;
pears to be barely an average crop
but recent rains, although they haxe retarded harve.7.
operations considerably, have proved of great Weil.
Barleys on poor badly-farmed lands :reflect the adverse 10:
ia this neighbourhood
licence of the severe spring, but on tjudly well-cultivated
soils they look better.
As many as 3,500 of the schoolmasters of
Frane
1/111:
L are to visit the Exhibition during the vacation. Thel
be lodged in the colleges and public tichoole of Paris.