The Sun.
London, England, 1858-11-16 00:00:00

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PRICE 4D. STAMPED, SD.

ante of my duty in that arduous post it was lately
my lot to occupy during a long succession of years
and under circumstances of no common interest.
In giving the simple characteristic of duty to my
very imperfect services he, perhaps unconsciously,
raised them for the moment to a position of which
if they were otherwise deserving, it would only be
on account of their extensive bearing and beneficial
consequences. It was the unswerving sense of duty,
so conspicuous in all their actions, that invested
the imperishable achievements of Nelson and Wel-
lington with something more solid, if not more cap-
tivating, than glory. (Cheers.) Their zeal in
meeting every demand of the public service, in
shrinking from no personal sacrifice in carrying out
their principles to the end, and in setting an ex-
ample of steadiness under every trial, is that which
gives them the strongest and deepest hold on a
world's applause and a nation's gratitude. If I
have acted on the whole in their spirit, and shown
as occasions offered that duty and right principle
were ever the loadstars of my course, I have only
obeyed a conviction which you, no doubt, possess
in common with me, that the honour of our country,
the success of its policy, and our national character
can never rest more surely than on those founda-
tions. (Loud cheers.) Let me add, that reputations
acquired by such means not only encircle us with
honour in life, but give to our names the lustre of
useful example when our bodies are consigned to the
grave. There is an old proverb, gentlemen, not
the less true for being trite, which reminds us that
the worst wind blowing will often bring good to
some one. Ii is thus that I ant indebted to an
aCcident for the pleasure or meeting you here to-
day, and of laying the foundation stone of a build-
ing destined to form the terminal station of your
railway at this extremity of the line. If the noble
frigate in which I came from the Dardanelles had
met with no mischance, I could not, however willing,
have complied with your request. Its detention,
the unavoidable cause of mine, though otherwise
much to be lamented, has been attended with more
than one consoling consequence. It has, in par-
ticular, afforded me the sincere gratification of
meeting your wishes, and associating my name
with an enterprise which, though its progress has
been delayed by some unforeseen obstacles, bids fair
to be crowned ere long with the desired success,
and to become, in. fact, the keystone of that gigan-
tic arch described so happily by our Chairman.
(Cheers.) A railway extending to the distance of
70 or 80 miles, from a port of so much trade as Smyrna
to the centre of a district so rich in varied and valu-
able productions as that of Aidin is in itself a work
of no small importance. It promises not only to
cheapen and-quicken the conveyance of goods from
the place of their growth to the port of shipment,
but also to increase production as Well as trade in
these parts, for the common advantage of Turkey
and England, by no means excluding other coun-
tries connected with this by habits of commercial
intercourse. (Cheers.) The railway, as you know,
is expected to prove a beneficial investment of
capital, stimulating the introduction of our manu-
factures, while it offers occupation to many
labourers, and seems to bring those of different
nations into harmonious co-operation with each
other. But, viewed in the light of an example, as
the first experiment of the kind in Asiatic Turkey,
it possesses much higher claims on our attention
and favour. (Hear.) The difficulties it presents
are in character the same as those which have to
be encountered in similar undertakings of a larger
proportion. If our distinguished chairman were
at liberty to realise his colossal project—a project
not inaptly styled by him the ' world's highway,
having no less in view than to join by rail Calcutta
with London, the British Indies with the British
Islands—he could only anticipate a repetition of
obstacles similar in nature, though varying in de-
gree or frequency, and tax his resources to provide
for each contingency by corresponding means ac-
cording to its nature and extent. If this be true
—and true it is—the success of your present rail-
way'will in all likelihood be the precursor of
similar triumphs in other parts of this vast empire,
and on such a presumption it would re-
quire no great stretch of fancy to foresee a time
when the Ottoman, as now the British dominions
may be intersected throughout by a network of
iron communication. (Hear, hear.) So grand a
consumation is not to be desired on grounds of com-
mercial interests alone. It could hardly be effected
witaout commensurate improvements in all the
leading branches of Turkish Administration,—
without a progressive diminution of abuses, preju-
dices, and national animosities,—without a signal
advancement in the ideas and comforts of the whole
population. The property created by it would call
for securities in matters of police, of finance, and ad-
ministrative justice. (Hear, hear.) The strength
of the empire would revive in proportion to the
development of the resources, and the Powers of
Europe would cease to withhold their respect from
a Government so conducted as to obtain their con-
fidence. As matters now stand, if we are witnesses
to much real improvement under the present reign,
and to some perceptible indications of more in future
we have also strong motives for regretting the slow,
interrupted, and partial character of its progress.
Whatever may be the causes which operate to
retard the movement, they are not to be deplored
with idle lamentation, but to be met with
strenuous and persevering exertions for their
removal. (Loud cheers.) I need not tell you,
gentlemen, that Europe has more than ever a deep
stake in the regeneration of Turkey. Western
civilisation is knocking hard at the gates of the
Levant, and if it be not allowed to win its way into
regions where it has hitherto been admitted so par-
tially, it is but too capable of forcing the passage
and asserting its pretensions with little regard for
anything but their satisfaction. The ambition of
one Power and the fear of another may easily give
point and direction to this prevailing tendency,
and in times of change and enterprise any inciden-
tal circumstance may serve far sooner than we ex-
pect to bring on, not indeed the peaceable solution
of what is emphatically styled the ' Eastern Ques-
tion,' but that fierce struggle of partition which.our
ablest statesmen have long endeavoured t o avert.
(Hear.) A prelude to dangers so pregnant ;with
evil is to be found in the despondency and dis-
paragement which of late have too often charac-
terised the language of diplomacy and of the press
in speculating on the prospects of Turkey. It can-
not be denied that by reason of successive errors
and calamities Turkey is feeble and embarrassed.
But no one, at the same time, can dispute the rich-
ness of its resources, those neglected elements of
power which its wide circumference embraces, and
which only require to be explored in order to supply
its wants and secure its independence. No doubt
there are difficulties in the way. What schoolboy
does not know that everything great and good
is only to be established by assiduous labour
and unwearying perseverance ? Take the whole
list of great discoveriei, of great institutions, of
great reforms, of great transitions from one state
of society to another, and show me where arc those
which have not been born in sorrow, nurtured in
hardship, and established with difficulty. Was
Rome built in a day ? Was there only one Punic
war ? What happened to Columbus before he
realised his great conjecture ? Was British liberty
the work of a single age ? Was the Reformation,
was. Christianity itself flashed instantaneously upon
the world by a fiat from above ? I remember that,
being in America, I witnessed the celebration of
the 200th anniversary of the landing of the pil-
grims in New England. How many fruitless at-
tempts, how many abortive sacrifices were made
before that corner-stone of the great Transatlantic
commonwealth was laid ? The contrivances of
man would seek in vain to outstrip the operations
of nature. As years pass away before the old child
grows up into a man or the acorn expands into the
oak, as for one offspring that reaches maturity

ucad letter, 11 he treasure and blood
expended in her name for t.ue vhvilication of Turkish
rights should not be an Idle sacrifice, and that the
declared admission of Trukey into the great Eurci-
pean family should be felt by the Ottoman Govern-
ment as a reality in its obligations as well
benefits. (Loud cheers.) To England
any other Power it is of vital importa,s,
strength of Turkey should not so decline It.
warrant those evil forebodinip which tend inevit-
ably to the adoption of a despairing and encroach-
ing policy in the Levant. It is manifestly our
business to deprecate such perverse and interested
calculations, and to encourage those fertilizing
mute rprises which, like your railway, may help
to infuse new vigour into the veins and sinews
of Turkey. (Prolonged cheers.) I revert
once more to the example of our brothers in
America. Behold them, on one side, stretching
out their hands to us across the Atlantic, and on
the other creating fresh settlements in the wilder:
ness, by pushing their railway lines into its pathless
swamps and unexplored forests. (Cheers.) For
one, wherever my future sphere of action may be,
I shall not lightly abandon the hopes which I con-
tinue to cherish in favour of this interesting em-
pire. Let the Sultan's enlightened and compre-
hensive charter of reform be carried into effect in a
right spirit, and sustained with due perseverance.
Turkey needs, and Europe would demand, no more.
Meanwhile, the policy which it has been my endea-
vour to uphold possesses at least the merit of being
right in its direction and beneficial in its progress.
It is based on the two-fold interest of Europe and
Turkey. (Hear, hear.) It has already diminished
in no slight degree those corrupt and cruel abuses
which were injurious alike to the. Sultan's Govern-
ment and to his subjects of all classes. It pro-
mises, even if it should fail in reaching its final
aim, to diminish still more those evils which no
other proposed course of policy is at all likely to
remove. (Cheers.) Such, gentlemen, in few words,
are the opinions I entertain conscientiously on this
subject. I express them now in my individual
character; and the time may come when I shall,
perhaps, think it my duty to give them. a more
complete development. At Constantinople they
formed the principal object of my study. Hencefor
ward they will come under my notice as part of
that wider field which every member of the Im-
perial Legislature is, more or less, called upon to
investigate. In resigning the Embassy at Con-
stantinople it was not my intention to retire defini-
tively from all participation in public affairs.
While life and health are vouchsafed to me I shall
not be unprepared to sacrifice on suitable occasions,
private ease to public duty. (Loud cheers.)
Though at my time of life I hare no ambition to
indulge whatever remains to me of strength and
spirit shall be heldf or the service of that land to
which, under Providence, I am indebted for all I
most value on earth. (Cheers.) In the bold and
expansive genius of our enterprising Chairman, in
the ability, character, and education of those who,
under his auspices, apply the fresh zeal of youth or
the experience of riper age to the operations of
pradtical science, I see a new stage of usefulness
and glory opening to our common country. The
railway which it has been my pleasing office to in-
augurate this day belongs to another empire, but is
equally a type and result of those qualities which
characterise pre-eminently the English people.
(Cheers.) I congratulate you on having obtained
not only the Sultan, imperial sanction to your en-
terprise, but also his Majesty's personal participa-
tion as a shareholder. I cannot more appropriately
conclude than by proposing a toast to which I
have no doubt that you will all most cordially re-
spond, " Success, with three times three, and one
cheer more, to the Smyrna and Aidin Railway. "
The noble lerd resumed his seat amid the most en-
thusiastic cheers.

Sir M. STEPHENSON responded to the toast and
said,—" That he was not surprised at the cordial
manner in which they had drunk success to the
Smyrna and Aidin Railway. As the first work of
the kind in the Ottoman Empire, it possessed a
more than ordinary interest, and its successful com-
pletion must have a special influence on all. futtre
enterprises of a like nature. He had visited the line
yesterday, and he could not too highly express the
gratification he had experienced, or say too much of
the skill with which the line had been. laid out, or
of the zeal which had distinguished the operations
of the contractor and his agents. Mr. Meredith,
the engineer, had byhis experience in England and
Holland earned for himself a European reputation.
Mr. Jackson, the contractor, was distinguished as a
man who always did well whatever he undertook,
and he was :fortunate in having in Mr. Hammond,
his resident agent at Smyrna, a gentleman who
combined Indian with English experience. Mr.
Meredith was efficiently supported by his staff
engineers, and the progress of the works reflected
the greatest credit on all concerned. It was a most
welcome spectacle to see on every part of the line
as many workmen as could be profitably employed
thereon. Not a cutting or embankment that did
not swarm with labourers. Nor were the hum of
the voices of those busy men, the creaking of carts
and barrow wheels, and the roar of the blasting of
the rocks sounds less welcome to his cars, for they
gave assurance that a great work was being carried
on with a zeal and energy that must bring it to a
successful conclusion. Fortified with the local
experience he had now obtained, he could assuro
his brother directors that their most sanguine ex-
pections for the success of the undertaking would
be more than realised, whether as regarded goods
or passenger traffic. He would only give one
instance of the development the trade of the district
would receive from the opening of the line.
That morning Mr. Baltazzi had told him he
was bringing tobacco from the interior at a cost of
4s. a ton per mile. When the railway was made
tobacco would come to Smyrna at 4d. a ton per
mile—a saving of 1-12th, or 92 per cent. Before
sitting down he might be allowed to remind those
around him of one great advantage that railways
in Turkey possessed over those at home, where
the cost of land and legislative litigation ran
away with so much of the capital, and so seriously
cut into the dividends of the shareholders. In Eng-
land a few years since railroads cost on an average
£50,000 a-mile ; the Smyrna and Aidin Railway
would be made for £lO,OOO or .£12,000 a-mile, or
75 per cent, less, while the enormous traffic was too
well known to need recapitulation. In conclusion,
he would express his acknowledgments to the
Turkish authorities, both at the capital and in
Smyrna., for their scrupulous observance of their
constant endeavour to promote in every way the
success of the line. The Sultan himself had shown
his strong personal interest in the railway by taking
a large number of shares, and he thought the share-
holders could not too highly estimate the effect of
such powerful support.
The worthy chairman resumed his scat amid
loud and prolonged applause.
After " The Health of the Pasha" and " The
Ladies" had been duly proposed and honoured,
'l'he CHAIRMAN proposed " The Healths of the
Contractor and his Agents," with
deitheenntel7s.k.hsielf
the' company for the veryexcellent
had been prepared for them.
Mr. E. JACKSON returned thanks for his father
for the Pincus,
and h
Lord
otrde
sptarartty thenfordw will
lrolekae up.
Smyrnave
en route to Rome, on Monday next.

CRYSTAL PALACE.—One Shilling Day, Monday,
Nov. 15,--Admissions on payment, 546; do. by Beaent
tickets, 4'4; total visitors, 770.

P.E R

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body, convert a great conception into a 3teni il f' S
fact, or give coherence and stability to an empire
disordered in all ..parts, and saved by foreign al-
liances from the dissolution which threatens it.
What Turkey stands most in need of is a-vigorous
determined Will in high quarters to awaken the
dormant energies of its population, and to carry
out, by Means of capable agents, the reforms which
have-been proclaimed with so much appearance of
good. faith. (Loud cheers.) The Sultan's autho-
rity is paramount; a real responsibility weighing
on his Ministers would go far to give it effeet.
(Hear.) At all events, it is -due to the honour and
welfare of Europe that promises solemnly promul-
gated and recorded in formal treaties should not

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