The Sun.
London, England, 1858-01-01 00:00:00

HE SUN, LONDON, FRIDA EVEN IN G, JANUARY 1, 1858,

ever known for this article at the present season of the
year—the natives preferring to await the arrival of the
English mail before submitting to a reduction in
price, and foreigners not being at all anxious to settle
at the late high rate ; the amount of business done in
congou has therefore been extremely small. Now
that the Chinese have learnt that the English market
had not improved so much as they expected up to the
advices to 9th September to hand on 3d instant, and
that the stocks here are accumulating fast, are now
showing some anxiety to settle, and we look for further
decline before another month has passed. The small
settlements of tea both here and at Foochow are
beginning to affect the export, which now shows a defi-
ciency of 3,461,413 lb. as compared with that to the
same period of last year.
SILL—The advices from Europe continue adverse—
the latest dates convey the impression that the market
was unduly depressed by random statements of an ex-
cessive import from China—such is not the case ; the
export already shows the large deficiency of 10,000 bales,
and the arrival of silk from the interior exhibits still more
unfavourably, being 48,000 against 61,000 at same period
last season. There seems to be great probability that
theseimportant features will be maintained. Buyers have
shown more caution of late, the favourable position of the
export and settlement as compared with the impression
in London has only led to a fair average business of
6,000 bales fur the month, making a total of 40,000 set-
tled to present date against 57,000 last season. Prices
are easier ; at the present low rate of Exchange silk
lays down in Europe from 5 tollo per cent. cheaper than
advisod in oar last. The stock numbers 6,000 bales
chief medium to common sorts; good of any description
is now scarce.
EacaANGE.•—Bank Bills, 6s. 7d. to 64. 74d. Credits,
63. Bd. to 6-?.. 81d. Documentary, 6s. 9d. On Bombay,
;00 r. On Calcutta, 295 r. nominal. On Hong Kong, 25
to 25. per cent, discount.
BULLION-740 Shanghae taels 1000 clean Mexican dole.
105 to 115 Chopped dole. per 100 Shanghae taels. Pe-
king gold, 158 Shanghae taels per bar of 9t. 7m. 3c.
Soochow gold, 156 Shanghae taels per bar of 9t. 7m. 3c.
FREIGHTS.—Rates continue without any alteration,
and there is abundance of tonnage. To London, 3/. for
tea, and 61. for silk. To America, 10 dole. per 40 feet.

1858 -Fail not to begin the NEW YEAR
• with a DIARY. LETTS'S are kept
by every bookseller in the kingdom. Catalogues gratis. Those
generally adopted by
LADIES are Nos. 10, 12, 18, 20, ARMY and NAVY, 8,9, 10, I 1
22, plain or elegantly bound. in perpetual sprg. lock cases,
GENTLEMEN, 8,9, 10, 11, etc MERCHANTS, BANKERS,
In perpetual sprg- lock cases. ENGINEERS, etc. 5%, 52, 53,
CLERGYMEN, 9, 10, 12, 12 enl. 1,2, 3,6, 8,9, 11, with Dr. and
Tablet, Sermon books, etc. Cr. forms, 38, 4e, 1I e, etc.
MEDICAL MEN, I, 2,8, 9, 10, TRADESMEN, 4,5, 11, 13, 15,
Medical, Professional, etc. Dr. and Cr. forms, 38, I le, etc.
LAWYERS, 51, 52, 1, 2. 8,9, the FARMERS. 4, 5,6, 7, 11, 13, etc.
Scribbling, plain or interlvd. MECHANICS, 18.6 d., Is 9d., 64. i.
LE rrs, SON, and Co., Stationers & Mapsellers,B, Royal Exchange.

HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE,
LUCIA DI•LAMMERMOOR.

Piecolomini, Spezia, Giuglini, Belletti, Rossi, Vialotti,
and
TO-MORROA EVENING (Saturday, Jan. 2),
LUCIA DI LAMMERMOOR.
Prices :—Pit Stalls, 121 6d; boxes (to hold four persons)
pit and one pair, 21. 2s; grand tier, 3/. 3s ; two pair, 1/. ss.
three pair, 15s ; gallery boxes, 10$ ; gallery stalls, 3s 6d
pit, 3s 6d; gallery, 2s.

THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET,
Lessee—Mr. J. B. Buckstone.

THIS EVENING, to commence at Seven o'clock, with
SPEED THE PLOUGH. Characters by Mes:;Ts. W. Farren,
Compton, Chippendale, Mrs. Poynter, Mrs. E. Fitzwillia.n,
and Miss E. Ternan.

After which, a new comic Christmas Pantomime, entitled
THE SLEEPING BEAUTY IN THE WOOD; or, Harle-
quin and the Spiteful Fairy. Harlequin, Mr. A. Leclercq ;
Columbine, Miss Fanny Wright; Pantaloon, Mr. Mackay ;
Clown, Mr, Charles Leclercq.

qrchestra Stalls (which may be retained the whole of the

eveninml.. 6s. each. (No charge for booking.)
~,,..
First Price. s. d.l Second price. s. d
Dress Boxes 5 0 Dress Boxes 3 0
I Tpper Boxes
... 3 01U 2 0 _ _

Pit 2 0 Pit.
Gallery

~ 1 0

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.—LAST
NIGHT OF KING RICHARD THE
SECOND, THIS EVENING.
On Saturday, THE CORSICAN BROTHERS.
On Monday next Mr. Charles Keau will make his first ap-
pearance these two years in the character of Hamlet.

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.
Proprietor, Mr. Charles Kean.

THIS EVENING, will be performed Sllakwere's Tragedy
of KING RICHARD 11. King Richard 11., by Mr. Chas.
Kean ; Queen, by Mrs. C. Kean.
After which, a new grand comic Christmas Pantomime,
entitled HARLEQUIN WHITE CAT ; or, The Princess
Blanche Flower and her Fairy Godmothers. The Princess
Blanche (White Cat), Miss Kate Terry ; Harlequin, Mr. Cor-
mack.; Clown, Mr. Huline ; Pantaloon, Mr. Paule ; and
Columbine, Miss C. Adams,

THEATRE ROYAL, A.DELPHE
Lessee—Mr. Ben. Webster.

THIS EVENING, THE WEPT OF THE WISH-TON-
WISH. Mr. Wright and Madame Celeste.
After which, a Mythological Extravaganza, entitled
HARLEQUIN, OR THE LOVES OF CUPID AND
PSYCHE. Jupiter, Mr. Paul Belford ; Mars, Mr. Frank
Hall; Venus, Mrs, Billin;ton; Cupid, Miss Mario Wilton;
Psyche, Miss Mary Keeley.

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE.—SoIe Lessee
and Manager, Mr. C. Dillon.—

THIS EVENING, will be p esented. Sir E. L. Bulwer's
play of RICHELIEU. Richelieu, Mr. Charles Dillon ; Ba-
radas, Mr. Stuart ; De Mansprat, Mr. J. G. Shore ; Joseph,
Mr. Barrett ; Julie, Mrs. Charles Dillon ; Francois, Miss
W•olgar.
To conclude with the Burlesque and Pantomime, LA LLAH
ROOKII, and the PRINCESS, the PERI, and the TROU-
BADOUR ' • or, Harlequin and the Ghebers of the Desert.
Supported by Mesdames Charles Dillon, Buckingham White
Eliza Webb, Maria Ternan, Esther Jacobs, and Woolg,ar
Messrs. Barrett, Calhaem, Holston, Fitzhenry, Poynter, and
J. L. Toole. Clowns, Messrs. T. Matthews and R. Stilt ;
Harlequin, Mr. J. Ricketts; Pantaloon, Mr. A. Stilt ; Sprites.
Herr Zeleski and Pons ; Columbines, Misses A. Malcolm and
Lees. Gorgeous Feast of Lanterns.—Fenton's Grand Trans-
formation Scene.
Doors open at half-past 6, to commence at 7.

Morning Performance on Saturday (To-morrow), on which
occasion the Boys of the Licensed Victuallers' School will
attend.—Doors open at 2, commence at half-past 2.
'3ox.office open from 11 to 5 daily.

1) OPAL SURREY THEATR E
lal Lessees, Messrs. Shepherd and Creswiek.

THIS EVENING, will be performed BROKEN FAITH.
After which, QUEEN MAB ; or Harlecpin Romeo and
Julliet. Clown, by the Surrey Buck ; Pantaloon, Mr. Brad-
bury.

STRAND THEATRE.—Lessee, Mr. T. Payne.
—THIS EVENING, will be performed
HARLEQUIN NOVELTY AND THE PRINCESS WHO
LOST HER HEART. Harlequin, Miss Craven; Columbine,
mope, Devlin ; Sprite, Herr Kirt. The Laml,ert Family
and the Red Man of Agar in their wonderful performance,

Commence at Seven. Stalls, 3s. ; Boxes, us.; Pit, ls.:
Gallery 6d. ,

CANTERBIJRY HALL, Westminster-road.--
OPEN EVERY EVENING.—The follow-
company of Vocalists are engaged for the performance of
,b-ctions from all the popular OPERAS, MADRIGALS,
CHORUSES, GLEES, DUETS, &c., viz.:—Miss Russell,
Ctrs. Badzey, Madlle. Marietta, Miss Brunel', Miss Ray,
Madame Bartoletti, Mi=s Montague, and Madame Marietta ;
Herr F. Jonghmans, Mr. Renshaw, R. Grover, T. Farrant,
8. Jones, J. Barker. W. Melling, Senor An'onio, E. L.
Rime, Mr. Badgey, Mr. Edwards, Mr. Bell, and biz*. Ber-
nard; Messrs. S. Collins. W. 1. Critchfield, and E. Mack-
ney. Pianoforte, Mr. Cecil Hicks; harmonium, Master
Williams ; Director, Herr F. Jonghmans. Commence at
Seven o'clock precisely. Suppers, &c. until twelve o'clock.
Mr. Auousrus BRAIIAM will make his first appearance on
Monday, the 25th inst.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.

t'urs DAY—Morn., 45 min. aft. 2 —Even., 10 min aft 3
To•MORROw—Morn., 35 min. aft. 3—Even., 0 min. aft. 4

THE WEATHER—SUN OFFICE, JANUARY 1.
IHERIIO3IETER, IN THE &lAD&
45—highest since noon yesterday.
40 —lowest this morning and during the night.
41 —this day at noon.
BAROMETER, 30.52.
WIND, Westerly ; light, with very fine weather.

.•
'1" 1 •-•-c1!)›-1 e,
Q-11
!.+.)

tained at the Bank of England at 8 per cent,
while only 5 per cent. is charged in Paris, and it
needs no elaborate arguments to prove that,
under such circumstances, and the general col-
lapse of credit, trade, commerce, and manufac-
tures mustt, be paralysed, and that business which
we might obtain will be transferred to the other
side of the Channel. We fear that the opening
of the budget will disclose a very untoward state
of affairs, and that an excuse will be sought by
the CHANCEL LOR of the EXCHEQUER to impose
additional imposts on the already overburdened
tax-payer. It is, however, but right to add that
a portion of the present deficiency may be ascribed
to the reduction that took place in the beginning
of the year in the Income-tax, and the duties on
tea, coffee, and sugar.
With respect to the particular items, we find in
the Customs that the decrease of the year, half-
year, and quarter, amount respectively to
1,154,0231., 857,4911., and 642,1571. This
last item is partly from the reduction of duties,
but still more from a general diminution of con-
sumption of articles of comfort or luxury. The
Customs revenue is generally regarded as indicat-
ing the state of commercial activity, and of course
a considerable deficiency must have been looked
for. But, as we have stated, next quarter will
tell a still more pitiable tale than that which
has just closed. Had it not been for the dearth
of money, and the mercantile difficulties, we be-
lieve that the proved elasticity of our resources
would have more than obviated the losses sus-
tained by the reduction of duties.
The Excise, which is considered the index of
the prosperity of the working classes, also shows a
great falling off in every period of comparison—
that on the year ,being 601,778/., for the nine
months 693,0001., and for the quarter 47,0001.
This last is not as great as might have appeared
probable ; but stocks had been suffered to get
rather low, and hence larger returns were obtained
then might otherwise have come to hand.
In the Stamps there is a small increase on the
year of 9511. ; but the decrease on the nine
months is 102,9861., and on the quarter 77,0001.
The monetary difficulties, which so greatly affected
transactions that would have been settled by bills
of exchange, produced this inauspicious result.

In taxes there was a small decrease on the
year of 1,0061., on the nine months of 12,0261.,
but an increase on the quarter of 5,000/. These
charges generally remain almost stationary, and
the latter may be ascribed rather to greater strin-
gency on the part of the collectors, than to any
decided improvement in the amount to be col-
lected.
In the Property Tax the failing off is very
heavy, that for the year being 890,4251., for the
nine months 951,9371., and for the quarter
615,0271. The reduction of the war 9d., as it
was termed, must, to a certain extent, be taken
into account. But as yet the relief has only been
partial. It is only by fundholders and Go-
vernment cfficials, where the amount due is de-
ducted from dividends or salaries, that the change
is as yet felt. Few if any of those paying under
the more important and productive schedules
have as yet paid their contributions to the ex
che -per under this head. The 31st of March
will tell a more serious tale, which will go on
quarter after quarter for another year. We shall
not before the end of September ascertain the
full extent of the loss to the revenue.

The Post-office constitutes an exception to the
general rule. There we find an increase of
122,8481. on the year, of 106,0001. on the nine
months, and of 62,0001. on the quarter. This is
satisfactory, although probably there has been a
corresponding increase in the expenditure by
which it was produced. Besides, a period of
commercial difficulty naturally leads to an addi-
tional number of deceiving letters and apologetic
answers ; so that the deficiencies in other depart-
ments is not shared by the department at St.
Martin's-le-Grand.

In Crown Lands there is a decrease on the year
of 11,2031., on the nine months exactly the same
deficiency, and on the quarter of 4,0001.

In Miscellaneous there is a considerable in-
crease. On the year, 705,9901. ;on the time
quarters, 578,923/. ; and on the quarter,
529,8651. These results have, however, been
mainly produced by the sales of stores, and other
supplies, that cost very much moro to the nation
than the sums for which they wore disposed of.
If the difference could be ascertained it would
astonish the tax-paying community, and lead
them to doubt the prudence of the management
that occasioned such heavy losses.
On the whole, the general deficiencies, which
would be much greater but for the last-mentioned
exceptional item, are—for the year, 1,828,646/. ;
for the three quarters, 1,943,7201. ; and fur the
quarter, 788,3191., which constitute very un-
pleasant facts for the consideration of the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer. As we have stated, it is
as well as could have been expected under the
circumstances of the country, but that was very
bad indeed.

As might have been expected, we now begin to
hear objections whispered against the transfer of
the Government of India to the QUEEN and Parlia-
ment. What reform ever wanted objectors and
objections? Old Sarum and Castle Rising had their
defenders, and so has the East India Company,
and so would Naples or Pandemonium, if these
places could come within the range of an Act of
the British Parliament. Advocates for vested
wrongs can always find some beauty or utility in a
wrong which has existed for a century or centuries
and which furnishes fees or salaries, or jobs for
persons who do not like to lose them. And double
government or quadruple government, will assu-
redly not want counsel who will try to impose on
the people and mislead them, much as the Chartists
misled the working people of England, when the
Freetraders demanded the repeal of the Bread
Tax.

The grand argum,entunt, ad popidunt is of course
the old one, in the case of the abolition of the
East India Company. We are told that it will
immensely increase the patronage of the Crown,
and thereby render it far too powerful. We are
told also that it will place in the hands of an ar-
bitrary monarch, whenever such an one may arise;
an immense standing army in India such as he
would never venture to keep for purely home ob-
jects ; an army which in perhaps forty days (when
Sir CHARLES WOOD has ceased to preside at the
Admiralty) may be transported from India to the
shores of Etr.gland, and enable another CHARLES
STUART to carry by some determined Minister his
system of " Thorough."
Do the objectors believe in their own argu-
ments ? Do they really think that such repro _
sentations have the same force now as they had
before the Reform Bill ? Do they really think
that th ere is no available counterpoise to any dan-
gerous;
Patronage which may accrue to the Crown ?
A rbitr:ary
GEort( ass, as were the tempers of the first three
their despotism was obliged to work as
best might, through the instrumentality of the
great English parties ;
and Tories, as well as
Whig ;, to do them justice, were never willing
that t he Monarch of England should be an auk-
amt. Still less could he be so now. Notwith-

standing our determinatiOnto be ruled by a pure
bred German family, notwithstanding our per-
verse refusal to let a drop of British blood conta-
minate the veins of the heirs to our throne, we
contrive to cure the defect of race by an English
education, and our German-bred Sovereigns, for
the last reign or two at least, have shown not the
slightest inclination to trench on popular rights
and liberties. If there is any suspicion of our
Germanised Sovereigns acquiring German tastes,
then let them intermarry with thoroughly Eng-
lish families, and let us have not only natives of
England, but natives of free English blood for our
kings and queens.
The danger from a standing army in India we
certainly regard as chimerical. Centuries must
elapse ere all the soldiers we can send there will
not be wanted there. We could never denude
India without danger of losing if, and this would
be the case almost equally, whether we raised
and equipped another native army or not. If we
had no native army we could not of course with-
draw the troops ; and if we created one, we should
—as we now know—need a strong British force to
prevent another insurrection. Besides how could
the movements of so many soldiers in India
be bidden from the British public and
British press in India itself ? and the very
suspicion of such a conspiracy, backed by some
corroborative circumstances at home, would cost
any Monarch his throne, perhaps his life, before
it could be completed. Can we, moreover, place
no reliance on the stuff which British soldiers and
officers are made of ? Could they be purchased by
sandwiches and sherry ? Could they be ever
trusted by any Monarch to plot against, and seize
in their beds, the leaders of the Opposition, and
all the Evaprsgs and NAPIERS who sympathised
with the popular cause ? There is not a Tory at
the Horse Guards who would not consider that
such an order cancelled his oath, for ho would
know that it could only be issued in violation of
a Coronation oath. Our standing armies are, and
always will be, armies of Englishmen, officered by
Englishmen ; and woe to the Monarch who should
attempt to make them the instruments of a coup
d'etat. A despot first must place at their head
all the penniless gamblers who had nothing to
risk, which would create a mutiny amongst the
officers, and next corrupt the privates themselves,
no easy task at any time, especially when the
nation was ringing with complaints of the officers
placed over them.
Not to dwell on such answers, for they are
plentiful enough to the apparently liberal objec-
tions to placing the Government of India directly
in the bands of the Crown, we have ono answer
which, to us, is perfectly satisfactory, and that is,
that it is easy if the people so will it, to increase
their own power proportionately to any increase
of that of the Crown. Hitherto the East India
Company's civil service has been as close a job as
any in the realm ; and, to us, it is no excuse that
it is a middle-class job. Jobs are equally de-
testable under any Government. Transferring
these appointments to the Crown will make them
less of a job than now, for they will come more
under the notice of Parliament, and the appointers
will be continually liable to questions about the
character and deeds of their appointees. They
will be nominated at least under responsibility,
and combining this with the previous examina-
tion of candidates, there will be less jobbing than
ever. If Army Reform be honestly carried out—
and it is the country's fault if it be not—the pa-
tronage in the army must also become less a mat-
ter of personal interest.
Some considerable additional patronage, how-
ever, the Crown or its responsible Ministers will
certainly gain. To meet this we demand an
HONEST REFORM BILL. A real Reform Bill will
answer all the objections which can be alleged
against the most essential of Indian Reforms, on
the score of increasing the power of the Crown.
Singularly enough, the session which has to legis-
late for India, is the session in which a Reform
Bill must also be brought forward. Now, then,
is the time to demand that the people shall be
really represented. First let us have an extended
franchise, such a one that every decent man
in town and country shall have a vote. We are
not nice about mode. Household or rate-book
Suffrage, or some which include the steady part of
the nation. Second—Let us have Free Toting,
for which, as Lord PALMERSTON well knows, there
is but one mode. Let every man be trusted to
give his vote, unbribed and unintimidated, by
plicing it iu the custody of the Ballot Box.
Lastly, let us have Parliaments of shorter dura-
tion, and therefore more directly responsible to
the people. As to a, property qualification,
we suppose no one will now defend such a rem-
nant of landlordism.

Let then, our Reformers open their eyes, and
prepare to be firm in their demands. The safety
of India and good government there imperatively
demand that the obstruction of a double govern-
ment be removed, and that the power of the
Crown be thereby increased. The liberties of Eng-

LATEST NEWS

THE BOUNDARY COMMISSION.

Yesterday, at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
in Paris, the Plenipotentaries proceeded to the
ratifications of the treaty relating to the new

'rolitier of Bessarabia.

FRANCE.

The letter of our Paris correspondent, dated yes-
terday (Thursday) evening, had not arrived when
we went to press.

AUSTRIA.

VIENNA, Dec. 29.—1 t is related in diplomatic
circles that the Convention for the regularwn of the
navigation of the Danube has led to a lively and
somewhat " acerb" correspondence between France
and the German States which are traversed by the
river in question. Austria, Bavaria, and Wurtem-
berg maintain that, as independent States, they
have a right to conclude separate treaties, and the
two Powers last mentioned are said to have
roundly declared that they will not permit the
Paris Conference to meddle in a matter which does
not come within its jurisdiction.
Sentence has at length been passed on Majir
Count Hunyaday, who, some months ago,
behaved so brutally to the poor man who had
to provide quarters for the troops at Huttledorf,
a village about five English miles distant from
the capital. To the astonishment of military
men as well as of civilians Count Hunyaday
has only been sentenced to eight days' arrest.
Lord Stratford de Redcliffe, who yesterday dined
with Prince Callimachi, the Turkish Ambassador,
leaves Vienna for London this evening. The day
before yesterday his lordship paid Prince Metter-
nich a visit, and remained with him above two
hours. No fewer than 97 political and 257 non-
political papers will appear in Austria in the year
1858. Of the political papers, 58 are German, 10
Sclavonic, 19 Italian, 8 Hungarian, 2 Roman,
and 1 Greek.

It is related in the city as a positive fact that there
is again a prospect of the Empress giving an heir to
the throne, but the report cannot possibly be cor-
rect, for Her Majesty daily passes some hours in
the saddle.

PRUSSIA.
BERLIN, DEC. 30.

According to a notification made in the Stoats
Anzeiger a few days back the Prussian Diet is to be
opened on the 12th of next January.
The new postal treaty lately concluded between
Prussia and France comes into force on January 1
of next year, as the present one expires Decem-
ber 31 of this year, and it is left open to all and
any of the States composing the Austro-German
Postal Union to become parties to it. Most of the
German States have intimated their accession to
the treaty, which, in fact, contains many consider-
able improvements of the postal traffic with France,
but Austria, Bavaria, and Baden are not among
those that have joined it. Austria and Baden bare
very lately concluded postal treaties with France,
each separately ; but, as neither of these treaties
contains anything at variance with that concluded
by Prussia, it is hoped that they will all soon fuse
into one.
As regards the repeal of the usury laws, which
the relative demand and supply of capital in Prus-
sia urgently calls for, it is not at all probable that
any measure of this nature will be introduced this
session.

It is understood that Baron Brunow, the Russian
Minister here, who has been re-appointed to our
Court in the quality of Ambassador, will leave here
in the course of January, and repair at once to his
former post. Count Chreptowitsch, the present
Minister of Russia at our Court, is expected to
arrive here every day on his return from St. Peters-
burg and on his way to London, where he will
deliver his letters of reeal. It his intention to
imitate the example of his father-in-law, Count
Nesselrode, and retire into private life. In the
courae of January or February, Lord Wodehouse,
also, our present Minister at St. Petersburg, will
vacate that post; having completed the Unlit fur
which ho undertook it. Who his successor is to be
has not yet transpired.;