The Sun.
London, England, 1858-09-02 00:00:00

THE SUN,LONDON, THUR SDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 2, 1858.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.
NORTH WALES.—TOURISTS' TICKETS to CHES-
TER, CA RNARVON, LLANGOLLEN, BALA, &c., for One
Month, are now issued at Paddington.—Fares (rail and coach),
70s. and 505.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.
ISLE of MAN, BANGOR, BEAUMARIS, and LAN-
DUDO. RETURN TICKETS for One Month are now issued
at Paddington. Fares (rail and boat) : 70s. and 50s.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.
SOUTH WALES.—TOURISTS' TICKETS' to MIL-
FORD HAVEN, available for Narberth-road (for Tenby),
Carmarthen, Swansea, Neath, Chepstow, &e., for One Mouth,
are now issued at Paddington.—Fares 70s. and 50s.

fREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.
k.A FAMILY TICKETS to DAWLISH, TEIGNMODTH,
or TORQUAY, for One Month, are now issued at Paddington,
to parties of not less than three persons.—Fares (each passen-
ger) : 50s. and 355.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.
JERSEY and GUERNSEY, via WEYMOUTH.--
RETURN TICKETS for One Month are now issued at Pad-
dington.—Fares : 458. and 355.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.
FAMILY TICKETS to WEYMOUTH, for periods
varying from a Fortnight to Three Months, are now issued at
Paddington, at greatly Reduced Fares.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.
FAMILY TICKETS to NARBERTH-ROAD (for
Tenbyj and MILFORD HAVEN, for One Month, are now
issued at Paddington, to parties of not less than three persons.
Fares (each person) : 635. and 455.

GREAT WESTERN RA,ILWAY.
KILLARNEY and SOUTH of IRELAND, via Mil-
ford Haven and Waterford.—RETUßN. TICKETS for One
Month are now issued at Paddington.—Fares,: .105 s. and 80s.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.
V.A CHEAP EXCURSION to BATH and BRISTOL, from
Paddington, on SATURDAY, the 4th of September, at 6.30
p.m., returning on Monday at 6.30 p.m. from Bristol, and 7
p.m. from Bath. Fares—Bath, Its. and es. ; Bristol, 14s. and 7s.

QREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.
EXCURSION to OXFORD, BANBURY, LEAMING-
TON, WARWICK, and BIRMINGHAM, from Paddington,
on SUNDAY, the sth September, at 7.45 a.m., returning the
same night. Fares—Oxford, Os. 6d. and 4s. ; Banbury, Bs.
and ss. ; Leamington and Warwick, 10s. 6d. and 68. ; and
Birmingham, 12s. and 7s.

GREAT- WESTERN RAILWAY.
CHEAP EXCURSION to Oxford, Banbury, Leaming-
ton, Birmingham, Wolverhampton, Shrewsbury, Llangollen
Road, Chester, Birkenhead, Liverpool, &c., from Paddington,
ou MONDAY, September 6, at 7 a.m., returning, on Saturday,
the 11th, from Liverpool (Landing Stage) at 8.30 a.m., and in-
termediate stations as per handbills. Fares—Oxford, es. ad.
and 4s. ; Banbury, Bs. and ss. ; Leamington or Warwick, 10s.
ed , and as. ; Birmingham,l2s. and 7s. ; Westbromwich, Wed-
nesbury, or Bilston, 12s. ad. and 7s. 6d. ; Wolverhampton, 13s.
and Bs. ; Wellington or Shrewsbury, 17s. and 10s. ; Llangollen
Road or Chester, 18s. 6d. and Ils. ; Birkenhead or Liverpool,
21s. and 12s. ad. Children under 12, halt-price.

BANK OF DEPOSIT.
Established A.D. 1844.
3, PALL MALL EAST, LONDON.
Parties desirous of Investing Money are requested to exa-
mine the Plan of The Bank of Deposit, by which a high rate
of interest may be obtained with ample security.
The Interest is payable in January and July.
PETER MORRISON, Managing Director.
Forms for Opening Accounts sent free on application.

GEORGE HOBSON begs to call the attention
of Gentlemen to his New Autumnal Trousers, 21s. to
255. Also his New Partridge Mixture Shooting Coats.
Excellence with Economy.
GEORGE lIOBSON, 57, Lombard-street.
Established 1795.

THE EAST INDIA TEA COMPANY, in
expectation of their next Telegram bringing favourable
news, have reduced their quotations for Black or Green Teas
to 2s. per lb., in 61b. bags—the lowest price on record.—Ware-
houses, 9, Great St. Helen's-church-yard, Bishopsgate-street.

done, the tenour of the Governor-General's instruc-
tions for Bundeleund, but there the fact remains.
The proclamation is a forgery, and if it has reached
England from Bombay has probably caused more
debate than it is worth.

" The condition of Oude has in no respect changed
within the fortnight. A correspondent says that
all is quiet. We hold the town and the rebels
the country, and town and country maintain till
the cold weather an armed—truce! The bands
which every now and then cross the frontier, and
plunder in 'Goruckpore, retreat at the first symptom
of attack, and both paities' ins by common consent,
reserve their strength for the final contest.

" Some curious facts. have recently been pub-
lished on the position of the Armenians in Bengal,
which I publish because they bear upon the possi-:
bility of colonising the plains. The Armenians
settled on the first establiShinent of British power
three large coloniei at Dacca, -Madras, and Cal-
cutta. Thrifty, industrious, and keen, they speedily
grew rich. On the abolition -of the Company's
monopoly they threw their savings into trade; and
the present race of old Indians can-remember the
time_when if you met an Armenian you presumed
him, as a matter of course, to -be rich. For the last
20 years, however, their number, wealth, and im-
portance have alike declined. Their capital has
seriously diminished, their estates are passing to
other hands, and they themselves complain of
broken constitutions and want of energy. Even
their external appearance has changed, and
the athletic mountaineers have become a sallow,
sickly race of weaklings. The registers show also
that the maximum of longevity has declined from 70
years to 50, ihe Beng-alee' average. They .marry in
and in too much, never allying themselves-with any
but Armenians, and preferring cousins, but the
climate has, perhaps, still more to do with the great
change. - They do not send their children home as
the Europeans do."

arrival of the new season's crop is uncertain, the
route, it is said, being intercepted by the -rebels. •
The export of teas for 1857-58 shows an in-
crease on that of last year oflo,ooo,ooolbs.
Export from China to Great Britain.
From Hong Kong, Macao, Canton, and Amoy, from • lb.
• July 1, 1857, to July :1, 1858
From Foochow, from July 1, 1857, to June 1858 - '22,800,000
From Shanghai, from July.l, 1857, to June 27, 1858 29,500,000

76,700,000

From Canton, from July 1, 1850, to June 30, 1857 .. 17,100,000
From Foodlow, from July 1, 1856, to June 20, 1857 22,800,000
From Shanghai, from July 1, 1850, to June 20, 1857 20,000,000

60,200,000

" Silk.—The price of new silk in the country' had
advanced to 350 taels, partly owing to speculation
among Chinese. At Shanghai no silk had been
settled by foreigners, The export for the season
shows a decrease on that of last of 22,600 bales.

" Exchange on England dosed at ss. 1 lid, for
Bank bills ; on India, 288 289 r.

" Freights.—Tonnage abundant. To London the
rate was £3 10s. for tea, and £6 for silk.
" Manilla advices are to the 28th ult.
" Sugar, 6 dols., for current clayed. Hemp, 51
dols.

" Exchange on England, 4s. for 6 months' sight
bills. •

" Freights to. Great Britain, £2 10s. for sugar,
and £4 for hemp.
" Our latest dates are from England, 10th of
May; Calcutta, 28th of May; Bombay, 30th of
May; Singapore, 19th of June. Manilla, 28th of
June; Melbourne, 28th of April; Sydney, 10th-of.
April; Shanghai, 27th of June.
" We have no later dates from England than the
10th of May. The outward mail has been detained
till this morning in the hope of a steamer arriving
direct from the Peiho.

" Our latest dates from the Peiho are to the 18th
ult., received via Shanghai. The accounts "up to
that time appear satisfactory, and are
The Overland Friend of China gives the follow-
ing as the stipulations concluded between, the
United States and China. It says—
"We have received from a confidential and reliable
source the following memoranda of the provisions of the
new American treaty, which was signed on the 18th June
at Tien-sin by his Excellency Mr. Reed and Kwei-liang
and Hwa-shana. :We publish the items of most interest,
omitting none of the new provisions. The treaty comprises
29 articles, some of which repeat the stipulations of the old
treaty.
" Art. 1. Provides for general peace and a stipulation
for the good offices of the United States in case of difficulty
with other Powers.
" Art. 2. Provides for the deposit and record of the
treaty at Pekin and Washington.
" Art. 3. The official publication of the treaty at Pekin,
and in the provinces by Imperial authority.
"Art. 4. Direct correspondence (with obligation to ac-
knowledge and answer) of the Minister of the United
States with the Privy Council or Prime Minister at Pekin.
"Art. 5. Right of annual visit and sojourn, at his own
pleasure as to time, of the United States Minister at Pekin;
journey either to be by the Peiho or overland from Shang-
hai, and to be provided for by the Chinese Government, as
well as with an official residence at the capital. His suite
not to consist of more than 20, exclusive of Chinese atten-
dants. His official intercourse to be with the Privy Coun-
cil, or one of its members deputed for that purpose.
" Art. 6. Permanent residence at Pekin, if the same pri-
vilege is conceded to other Powers.
"Art. 7. Equality of rank in official correspondence.
" Art. 8. Interviews of Ministers with Governor-Gene-
ral, Governors, &c, always to be at official residences—in-
terviews never to be denied. _ _

" Art. 9. Interviews on terms of equality of naval com-
manders with officials of highest rank—suppression of
piracy.
" Art. 13. Right to lease property without any interven-
tion of officials. Designation of open ports, new ones
being Swatow and Taiwan in Formosa, and any other
granted to English, French, or Russians. Clandestine and
contraband trade prohibited. Opium to be prohibited or
allowed, according to Chinese law.
"Art. 14. The United States never to pay higher duties
than the most favoured nation.'

‘‘ Art. 15. Tonnage duties not higher than imposed on
most favoured nation ; double tonnage dues abolished.
Prospective application of tonnage dues to beacons, light-
houses, &c.

"Art. 16. Regulation of pilots.
" Art. 20. Time of paying duties ; to be paid in sycee or
foreign money ; Consuls not to give up papers before duties
are paid.
"Art. 24. Immunity of national flag and obligation of
neutrality. •
" Art. 25. Apprehension of mutineers and deserters, and
punishment of criminals:
"Art. 26. Exclugive jurisdiction of United States autho-
rities over rights and intercourse of its citizens.
" Art. 27. Mutual appeals to public officers with com-
plaint.
"Art. 28. Recognition and absolute toleration of Chris-
tianity, and protection of Chinese converts.
"Art. 29. Comprehensive provision that all rights, pri-
vileges, and powers (minted to any nation, its merchants or
subjects, whether political, mercantile, or otherwise, and
not conferred by this treaty on the United States, shall at
once be granted to the United States, its public functiona-
ries, merchants, or citizens.
" Treaty to be ratified within a year by the United States
and by the Emperor forthwith.
" The claims for pecuniary indemnity, either for Eng-
lish, . American, or French losses, neither admitted nor
denied, but referred to Canton.
" Permanent legation of the United States' Minister,
after settlement of pending question at Canton, understood
to be hereafter at Shanghai."
It will be seen that the solution of political and
commercial questions which concern the Americans
will not be absolutely complete until the English
and French treaties are concluded. There is no
doubt that more open ports will be conceded to the
English and French ; but the Chinese refuse to grant
more at present, though admitting that the ports
open to one nation will be open to all.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE,
THE CALCUTTA MARKET.

(Prom the Calcutta Englishman of July 17.)
The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer Nemesis,
with the London mail of June 10, arrived here on the 10th
inst. The electric telegraph vic2 Bombay has furnished us
with the heads of political intelligence from London of the
17th of June, but up to going to press we have not received
the commercial intelligence.
The produce-market has shown no symptoms of activity,
although freights have been considerably lower. The little
business that has been done has been chiefly on account of
former engagements, and with the exception of oil seeds
nothing worthy of note has been done in other articles.
The rivers have now opened, and very soon we
expect to see larger supplies of produce than heretofore;
but it is believed that our dealers have made such large
profits for the last two or three years that they will be able
to hold out for higher prices than shippers will be inclined
to pay. Should such be the case, and we do not doubt of
the obstinacy of native merchants, we shall perhaps be un-
able for some time to come to report any activity in this
market. Unfavourable advices from the home markets
have up to this had little influence on the native merchants,
who are as unwilling to sell their goods at a loss as the
Europeans are ready to do so when they see little chance of
improvement. Our accounts from the Upper Provinces re-
port purchases of produce at much higher prices than the
present state of the European markets would warrant, A
mistaken opinion seems to have gained ground that, because
some of the principal marts of produce have been in a dis-
turbed state, our supplies must consequently fall short of our
requirements. To show that such will not be the case we have
only to say that other districts which have been in a peace-
able state have produced, under the influence of the same
opinion, much more than the average quantity of former
years. Let us take one article alone—saltpetre. At the
commencement of the rebellion it was believed that we
should have very little of this staple in our market, in con-
sequence of the unsettled state of Oude, Cawnpore, Fur-
ruckabad, &c. ; these expectations have, however, proved
delusive, and although the quality of the supplies from
Chuprah and Tirhoot have not been good we have
all along had just as large supplies as ever before. The
natives in the Bazaar only require to be induced with high
prices to bring forward their goods, locked up for months
m their godowns, for sale in the market. Our exports
of fine saltpetre have not been as large as in previous years,
but they have still been as much as would be required at
home. Lately every shipper has confined himself to fine
qualities, and they had only to pay a certain price to induce
the local refiners to supply their demands. It is impossible
to say with certainty what the produce or stock of any ar-
ticle is, the only exception to this rule being indigo, which
can with some probability be guessed at on account of the
manufacture being in the hands chiefly of Europeans. We
often hear that there is no stock of such and such articles
in the market, but immediately a high bid is made we have
got any quantity of them. During the fortnight under re-
view our advices about the next indigo crop have continued
unfavourable. Raw silk has been almost a drug. Sugar
less dealt in. The demand for saltpetre has been less brisk.
Not a single transaction in corahs. Large sales of linseed
on contract. Rapeseed in good demand. In rice no busi-
ness for the home markets. Jute in less demand. Lac dye
unsaleable at quotations. Shellac, demand less brisk. Saf-
flower dull.
Money-Market.—We have no alteration to notice in this
market. The Bank of Bengal has made no reduction in its
rates of discount and interest. In the Bazaar money is still
procurable on good securities, at easier rates than those
charged by the bank. The want of confidence on the part
of capitalists, mentioned in our last, is gradually subsiding.
The following is a statement of the assets and liabilities of
the Bank of Bengal for the week ending the 14th of July,
1858 :

-
LIABILITIES. n. A. P.
Proprietors' capital
Reserve fund 5,09,625 8 0
Current accounts
Cash credits undrawn 8,46,022 12 7
Other claims
Bank-notes and post bills

Total Co.'s Rs.
ASSETS. R. A. P.
Government securities 26,07,213 10 10
Dues from Government
Cash 1,45,65,041 2 11
Loans on deposit of securities 1,35,15,320 8 7
Accounts of credit on ditto
Government bills discounted 1,68,552 4 6
Mint certificates ditto. 9,49,032 3 0
Mercantile bills ditto.
Dead stock 1,88,516 9 4

Total Co.'s Rs 3,41,40,373 12 11

. •
Joint-Stock Shares.—The inactivity noticed in our last
report continues, and we have not heard of any transactions
worthy of note, Until interest be lower, to enable twit"

PRICE 4D. STAMPED, SD.

Liters to deal in shares by placing them with the banks and
men-
tioned unless at ,extreme rates:
raring lonns, we
Qdfonno,(turiextepeseetri-pmeuecnhtinacuteiNfi-itmyl.,
andln the
rus.--The demand for remittances
1)
-nail report having subsided, these secu-
rities .
utminoecnwaoeniiditniini
Company's
nage.noth)uc.lind lastree r6ast
have. again been.. slightly depressed. There is little
speculation on account of the restrictive measures of the
Bank of-Beng, which continua the .Previous high rates of
discount for loans' on these papers. 'When these restric-
tions are removed, or when the suggestion of transferring
all the Indian loans to London is'carried out, 'we have no
doubt that .a.very considerable improvenient will be made
in these securities. Our rates are for 4 per cent., 18-12 to
19 per cent. discount; and 5 per cent.,-9 to 9-4 per cent.
ditto. _ .

Exchange.7,-A small business only has been done in ex-
change, at 2s. id. for first-class _six months' , sight credits,
and 2s. ;jff'...-for ditto decnnients. On China the nominal
rates are 2091.0' 210. • •
Import, 11Iarliet.—We haVe te" report a brisk market
during the Past; fortnight, especially Within the last few
days, for piece
.4.poils and yarns. A large business has been
effected in these goods, and for most descriptions of British
mannfacturecl:goeils higher ~rates have been paid. Twist
also has attained extreme prices. We account for this-ac-
tivity by tlie-aligence of arrivals and the facility lately ex•••
perienced hr despatching goods up the country. Had it not
been for these favealrable circumstances we should have
been unable to report so favourably. Several parties hitherto
unknown in the line hiv' come forward With offers of ton-
na..e, both by -steanyand covered boats, under proper-super-
intendencei -to the Upper Provinces.
Freights are almost in the state reported by us in our.
last. 'Vessels with difficulty find dead weight for London,
and some have accepted as low as 10s. for sugar, wki.le other
descriptions of cargo 'do not average more than 30s. to 40s.
Transactions both for London and Liverpool continue on a
very moderate
_scale, and as we see little probability of pro-
:tilted being lower in value-So en; freights must keep as low
they are now. A few transactions for America will appear
in the following list of charters, but for Bombay there is
hardly anything doing, and we do not anticipate any im-
provement till the next year.
ORARTERS. -

For Bombay.—The Tartar and William Prouse, the for-
mer at 13 and the latter at 11 rupees per ton, half dead
weight and half light goods ; half the freight payable here
and the other moiety payable in Bombay ; gunnies at 14ewt.
to the ton or 100 feet measurement.

For Mauritius.—The Liverpool and Clasmerden at 37rs.
a-head for emigrants.
For Hongkong.—The West Derby at 30c. a bag; if or-
dered to Shanghai 20c. a bag extra. -
For Philadelphia.—The Swartmore at 81 dols. a ton.
For New York and Boston.—The Amos Lawrence at 61
dols. partly, and 7 dols. the balance ; the Champion and
John o' Gaunt at 7 dols. a ton ; and the North Atlantic at
7 dols. a ton in retail.

For Melbourne.—The Ardville for £l,lOO for 500 tons.

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE
SHIPS OF WAR.

At Hong Kong.—The British frigate Nankin; the steamer
Hesper ; the gunboat Algerine ; the American steamer Mis-
sissippi ; the Dutch steamer Bali ; the Austrian frigate
Navarra.

At Macao.--The Portuguese lorcha Amazona.
At Canton River.—The British sloop Actaeon ; the fri-
gates Amethyst and Cambrian ; the brigs Bittern and
Camilla; the steamers Esk, Hornet, Sanspariel, Tribune,
and Volcano ; the gunboats Clown, Drake, Forester,
Haughty, Janus, Kestrel, Plover, Starling, Watchful, and
Woodcock ; the French frigate Capricieuse ; the steamers
Catinet, Dordogne, Lily, and Marseau.
At Amoy.—The British brig Elk, and the steamer In-
flexible.

At Foochow.—The British brig Acorn ; and the Portu-
guese brig Mendego.
At Shanghai.—The British steamer Highflyer ; and the
French steamers Phlegethon and La Place.
At the Gulf of Pecheli.—The British ship Calcutta i the
frigate Pique ; the steamers Coromandel, Cruiser, Furious,
Fury, Retribution, and Sampson ; the gunboats Banterer,
Bustard, Cormorant, Firm, Lee, Leven, Nimrod, Opossum,
Slaney, Staunch, and Surprise. The French frigate Ne-
mesis ;_ the steamers Audacieuse, Alarm, Durance,
Gironde, Meurthe, Preguet, and Primauget ; the gunboats
Avalanche, Dragonne, Fusee, and Metraile ; the American
steamers Minnesota, Powhattan, and Antelope ; the Rus-
sian frigate Ascold, and the steamer America.
ARRIVALS FROM GREAT BRITAIN.

At Hong Kong.—June 26, the Meteor, from Cardiff;
June 30, her Majesty's ship Cambrian, from Plymouth ;
July 4, the Aden, from Liverpool.
At Shanghai.—July 23, the Challenger, from London,
and the Stornoway, from Liverpool.
DEPARTURE TO GREAT BRITAIN.

From FooChoW.—Kne 27, the Fiery Cross, for London.

CEYLON.

By the arrival of the Calcutta mail we have re-
ceived files of papers from Colombo to the 28th of

July.

The Legislative Council of the island was opened
on that day by the Governor, Sir Henry George
Ward.

We take the following from his Excellency's
address :

" Gentlemen of the Legislative Council,
" I esteem myself most fortunate, at the close of my third
year in Ceylon, notwithstanding a financial crisis in Eu-
rope, and the disturbances that have agitated the neigh-
bouring continent, in being enabled to submit to you proofs
of the growing prosperity of this island, and of the success
of those measures which your co-operation has enabled the
Govenunent to adopt for its improvement.
" The revenue for the year ending Dec. 31, 1858, was
£578,028 Os. 21d. The revenue for 1856 was £504,174 18s.
444., so that there was a net increase'of £73,853 7s. 10-Id. in
1857. And this is but one in a series of increase. The re-
venue of 1856 exceeded by £27,01 9s. sd. the revenue of
1855 ; and that of 1855 by £68,231 18s. 61-d. the revenue of
1854 ; so that in four years the receipts of the colony have
risen from £408,041 10s. 41d. in 1854 to £578,028 6s. 21(1.
in 1857, with every prospect that they will exceed £620,000
during the current year, and may reach £650,000. The ex-
penditure has risen during the same period from £393,267
in 1854 to £535,303 in 1857, exclusive of £17,656 12s. 51.
spent under the surplus fund ordinances, which are not in-
cluded under the returns of ordinary expenditure. This
gives £553,459 as the aggregate expenditure of the colony
during the past year, of which £161,174 were spent upon
works of acknowledged public utility. lam the more par-
tieultir in dwelling upon this fact because there is, in my
judgment, the most intimate connection between the one
increase and the other ; and I wish the Council to feel with
me that we are laliourin‘g upon a grateful soil—that trade
and agriculture respond to every measure favourable to their
detelopment, and that when the outlay is well considered
the effect upon the revenue is as rapid as it is remarkable.
" The electric telegraph is open as far as Kandy, and will
reach Mannar by the end of October. The cable which is
to connect Ceylon with India, and to make Galle the port
of call for vessels engaged in the Indian trade, is already
deposited at the Paumben Straits, and ready to be carried
across them so soon as 'the weather will permit. The sur-
vey of Galle harbour is rapidly advancing, and I hope to be
able to communicate to you the results in the course of the
session. _ _

Vv
"The pearl fishery, under the able superintendence of
Mr. Vane, has again afforded a most seasonable addition to
the ordinary resources of the colony, the receipts being
£24,120, after 18 days' fishing, which produced 16,485,254
oysters.
" Gentlemen of the Legislative Council,
" The facts which it has been my pleasing duty to submit
to you must, I think, be accepted as proofs that this colony
is in a healthy and thriving condition. For five consecu-
tive years the revenue has increased. The colony has no
debt. It is executing large works out .of its own surplus
funds ; and those works, as soon as completed, increase
the resources out of which they spring. During the last
critical year the public tranquillity has been maintained
without even a shadow of an interruption, and that tran-
quillity is due less to the presence of a superior force than
to the general contentedness of the population. All classes
are gainers by the changes now in progress. All know
that the maintenance of order is the condition of their
continuance.
"To these happy results yo.u. have yourselves largely
contributed by the impartial spirit that has guided you in
the distribution of the public resources. If the demands of
the European settlers have been liberally met, the irriga-
tion votes show that native wants have not been neglected.
And, having now seen more of this island than any one
man in it, and having had large opportunities of studying
its natural capabilities and the disposition of its inhabitants,
I beg to record my conviction that it is by a steady adhe-
rence to this policy that the interests of all classes will be
most effectually promoted. For not only is there no incom-
patibility between them, and no lack of means to do justice
to both, but in many respects they are completely identified.
" The vast properties which British energy and capital
are creating in the interior furnish the readiest market for
every article that the industry of the low country can
supply. What is wanted is a more intimate knowledge of
the field upon which we have to work, improved means of
communication, greater familiarity with the wants and pro-
ducing powers of each separate locality. And in urging
upon you, as I have done upon the Queen's Government,
the necessity of increased expendges iture_ in Survey De-
partment—in roads and brill ~ and irrigation works—l
feel that I am but adding fres!' links to that chain which
will bind all classes of her Majesty's subjects most firmly to
the Crown by the ties of a common interest rightly under-
stood."