The Sun.
London, England, 1867-09-13 00:00:00

COUNCILS OF CONCILIA7IOIIt.

Conseils des Prud' -hommes have long existed in
France, and are said to work well. They were
established for the settlement of disputes between
masters and workmen, and are in the nature of a
discussion first, and, in case of non-agreement,
by arbitration. It was argued that, were a simi-
lar institution formed in England, we should have
no more of strikes and the other more terrible
forms by which coercion is sought to be prac-
tised. The confidence that might otherwise
have been felt in the asserted successful example
of France is, however, somewhat shaken by the
fact that, in spite of these councils and this law,
strikes have become as frequent almost in France
as in England. But this ugly evidence, notwith-
standing, the system or something very like it, is to
have a trial in England. During the late session an
act was passed for the establishment of like tribunals
to be called " Councils of Conciliation." We pro-
pose briefly to describe this scheme as it is set forth
in the statute. It begins by providing that if
any number of masters and workmen in any
particular trade or employment, being inhabitant
householders, shall, at a (electing specially con-
vened for the purpose, agree to form a council
of conciliation and arbitration, and shall jointly
petition the Queen in Council stating their scheme,
a licence may be granted to them for that purpose.
Such council is to consist of not less than two nor
more than ten of each and a chairman. The first
council is to be elected by the petitioners. It is to
be empowered to appoint a clerk or other officers ;
it may hear and determine all questions in dispute,
and differences between masters and workmen, as
set forth in sth George IV., cap. c. 96, which may be
submitted to them by both parties, and their award
is to be final and conclusive between the parties
without any appeal. The council may also adju-
dicate on disputes and differences between masters
and workmen that may be submitted to them
by mutual consent, with the same powers of
enforcement as given by the said act, and the
award in writing of the chairman is to be suffi-
cient evidence. But it is expressly provided
that nothing in the act shall authorise the
council to establish " a rate of wages or price of
labour or workmanship at which the workmen shall
in future be paid." A quorum of not less than
three, one being master, and another a work-
man, and the third the chairman, may consti-
tute a council to determine disputes. But a com-
mittee of conciliation, consisting of one master and
one workman, is to be appointed, and all disputes
are in the first instance to be referred to this com-
mittee, who shall endeavour to reconcile the parties
in difference. If this fails the case is to be remitted
to the council for settlement. The chairman is to
preside, and to have the casting vote. No counsel
nor solicitors are to attend at any hearing without
the consent of both parties. The council is to be
elected yearly, on the first Monday in November.
When such a council is formed, the clerk is to keep
a register of all persons claiming to vote for the
council, whether master or workman, a fee to be
fixed by the council to be paid by him for so doing.
And every person belonging to the trade, being 21
years of age, and an inhabitant householder, or part
occupier of any premises, or any master resident in
the place, may claim to be registered. A meeting of
masters and workmen, being registered, is to be held
after 11 days' notice, and each class is to proceed
to elect members to the council for the year ensuing,
but either party may demand a poll, the time and
place of which are to be appointed by the council.
The council may hold their meetings in any public
room with the consent of the authorities. It may
make a list of fees, by laws, &c., to be sanctioned by
the Home Office. The act is not to extend to do-
mestic servants, or servants in husbandry, and it is
to be cited as " The Councils of Conciliation Act,
1867."—Law Times.

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RATES OF POSTAGE ON PRINTED MATTER TO
EUROPE AND ASIA FROM THE UNITED
STATES.

The Post-Office Department has made arrangements by
which a number of European and Asiatic countries, hithert o
beyond the reach of mail communication from America except
by letter, aro brought within the range of delivery of all, or
nearly all, United States mail matter It is a singular fact,
unknown probably to most persons who have not occasion
to learn it by unpleasant experience, that there was a
considerable region in the civilised world whore an Ame-
rican traveller might not receive a newspaper directly from
home.

Under the arrangement now completed prepayment of
postage (sometimes at high rates), is made necessary in all
cases. The following official statement gives a full list of
the countries with some of which there has been regular
communication that aro now included in the delivery by
way of Hamburg and Bremen :
Rates of postage on newspapers and other printed matter
(periodicals, &e.) sent from the United States to coun-
tries in Europe and Asia, by Bremen or Hamburg mail,
prepayment compulsory.
NEWSPAPERS -31 IRKED AS FOLLOWS:
Bremen, by Bremen mail-2 cents each
Hamburg, by Hamburg mail —2 cants each.
Prussia, Austria, and German States, by Bremen and
Hamburg mail-3 cents each.
Lunenburg, by Bremen mail —3 cents each.
Lunenburg, by Hamburg mail-3 cents each and 1 cent
per 1 ounce.
Schleswig-Holstein and Denmark, by Bremen or Ham-
burg mail-3 cents each and 1 cent per 11 ounce.
Sweden, by Bremen or Hamburg-3 cents each, and 11
cent per 11ounce.
Norway, by Bremen or Hamburg-3 cents each, and 3i
cents per 14 ounce.
Holland, by Bremen or Hamburg-3 cents each, and 1
cent per 1; ounce.
Russia, by Bremen or Hamburg-3 cents each, and 1
cent. per 1; ounce.
Switzerland, by Bremen or Hamburg— I cents each.
Italy, by Bremen or Hamburg-5 cents each.
Turkey, by Bremen or Hamburg-3 cents each, and 51
cents per 11- ounce.
Greece, by Bremen or Hamburg-3 cents each, and 51
cents per 1; ounce.
Gibraltar, Spain, and Portugal, by Bremen or Hamburg
—3 cents each, and 21 cents per 11 ounce.
Austria, India, and China, by Bremen or Hamburg
mail via Marseilles-3 cents each, and 9 cents per -11
ounce.

Austria, India, and China, by Bremen and Hamburg
mails, via Trieste-8 cents each, and 2 cents por 1 ounce.
PERIODICALS, ETC.
Bremen, by Bremen mail-1 cent per ounce.
Hamburg, by Hamburg mail-1 cent per ounce.
Prussia, Austria, and Gorman States, by Bremen or Haul-
burg-11 cent per ounce.
Lunenburg, by Bremen mail —ll cent per ounce.
Lunenburg, by Hamburg mail-11 cent por ounce, and
11 cent per 11 ounce.
Schleswig-Holstein and Denmark, by Bremen or
burg-11 cent por ounce and 11 cent por 11 ounce.
S wodon, by Bremen or Hamburg-11 cent por ounce, and
2 cents por 1-1, ounce.
Norway, by Bremen or Hamburg —ll cent per ounce,
and 4 cents per 11 ounce.
Holland, by Bremen or Hamburg-11 cent per ounce,
and 11 cent per 11 ounce.
Russia, by Bremen or Hamburg-11 cent per ounce,
and 11 cent per 11 ounce.
Switzerland, by Bremen or Hamburg-11 cent per
ounce, and 1 cent per 1 ounce.
Italy, by Bremen or Hamburg-11 cent per ounce, and
cents per's ounce.
Turkey, by Bremen or Hamburg-11 cent per ounce,
and 51 cents per 11 ounce.
Greece, by Bremen or Hamburg-11 cent per ounce, and
51 cents per 14 ounce.
Gibraltar, Spain, and Portugal, by Bremen or Hamburg
—ll cent per ounce, and 21 cents per 11 ounce.
Austria, India, and China, by Bremen or Hamburg mail,
by way of Marseilles-11 cent por ounce, and 9 cents per
11 ounce.
Austria, India, and China, by Bremen or Hamburg Mail'
by way of Trieste-61 cents per ounce, and 2 cents per
ounce.

These charges are in each case in full to destinatiool
combining rates between the United States and Bremen or
Hamburg, and the rate beyond Bremen and Hamburg to
points of delivery.