The Sun.
London, England, 1867-10-28 00:00:00

Naval and Military Intelligence.

Her Majesty's unartnoured screw steamer Myr-
midon, having had some portions of her machinery
readjusted and her boilers cleaned out, was yester-
day taken from Chatham harbour to the measured
mile, Mapliu Sandi, for some fnrther trials to test
ber steaming qualities and her rate of speed. The
vessel was in charge of Capt. the lion. A. A.
Cochrane, of the Cumberland, 24, guardship of the
steam reserve, the other officials on board being Mr.
W. Eames, assist.-inspector of machinery afloat at
Chatham ; Mr. Owen, acting inspector of machinery;
Mr. llutchens, assist.-master shipwright ; and Mr.
S. Matthews, chief engineer of the ship. The en-
gines were again in charge of Mr. Humphrys, of the
firm of Humphrys and Tennant, the contractors of
the machinery. The weather was favourable for the
trial, the sea being smooth, with the wind nearly a
calm. The ship's draught of water was 1 lfr. Bin.
aft, and 10ft. Sin. forward. With six runs over
the measured mile, the mean average speed rea-
lised was 10.338 knots per hour, or rather more
than a third of an knot per hour than ou the occa-
sion of her former trial. The maximum number
of revolutions of the screw per minute was
110 i, and the minimum, 102 ; load on the
safety-valve, 22.41 b. ; mean pressure in cylinders,
20.031 b.; vacuum, 27in. ; mean pressure of steam
in boilers, 201 b. The screw, an ordinary Griffith's
propeller, was set at a pitch of 13ft. 101 in., the im-
mersion of the upper edge being 12in. At half-
boiler power the mean speed realized was 8.335
knots per hour. The complete circle was made, at
full power, in 4min. 44sec. During the trial yes-
terday the machinery worked in a highly satisfac-
tory manner, there being an entire absence of hot
bearings, and an absence of priming of the boilers.
The indicator cards showed that the collective horse-
pawer of the engines during the trial was 778.64.
At the close of the trial the Myrmidon returned to
harbour to await orders from the Admiralty. The
arrangements for lifting the screw of the Myrmidon
have been fitted on Mr. Eames's principle, the trial
made yesterday at the close of the speed runs being
attended with very satisfactory results.
The Isabella Hurcas, freight ship, with a part
cargo of war stores for Bermuda, yesterday re-
ceived 159 tons of wrought-iron shields, and other
supplies from Woolwich, in the West India Docks,
and is now ready for sea.
The following is the programme of the course of
lectures to be delivered to the officers and men of
the Royal Engineers, at headquarters, Chatham,
during the autumn session :—Oct. 21, 24, and 28,
on " Hygiene," by Dr. de Chaumont, Assist.-Pro-
fessor of Hygiene, Netley ; Oct. 31, Nov. 7 and 14,
on the " Properties and Characteristics of Different
Kinds of Timbers," by Mr. T. Laslett, timber in-
spector, Woolwich dockyard ; Nov. 4, 11, 18, and
25, Dec. 2 and 9, on " Building Materials," by
Professor Abel, F.R.S. ; Nov. 28, Dec. 5 and 15,
on " Mining Engineering," by Professor Warring-
ton Smyth, F.R.S. The lectures will commence
each day at 5.30 p.m.
A portion of the military gymnasium at Chatham
garrison has been closed to the officers and troops
for some weeks past, to allow of some important
improvements and alterations in the arrangements
being carried out, the whole of which have been
effected under the personal superintendence of Mr.
Maclaren, of Oxford, director of military gymnastics.
The fittings and apparatus have been readjusted,
and in place of the former temporary tan and saw-
dust floor, an entirely new one, which is soft and
elastic, has been substituted. It is composed of
thick layers of an elastic material, covered with
stout, close canvas, made expressly for the purpose,
giving at once a convenient and safe surface for the
exercise of various gymnastic exercises. Floors of
the kind just completed at the Chatham gymnasium
have been under trial for some time at other estab-
lishments, and being found to answer in all respects,
they will be at once laid down at the other military
gymnasia.

The following appointments were made on Friday
at the Admiralty :—Capt. Edward K. Barnard, of
the Constance, to the Formidable, additional, for
service in the Trafalgar ; Commander 11. B. John-
stone to the Myrmidon, commissioned ; Lieut. J.
Shortt to the Oberon, vice Hand, promoted ; Navi-
gating Sub-Lieat. A. J. d,3 Vismes to the Victory,
as supernumerary ; C. F. Jordan, chief engineer,
additional, to the Asia, for charge of the engines of
the Daniic ; Dr. J. Henderson, Staff-surg., to the
Excellent ; J. G. Clarke, assist.-surg., to the Im-
pregnable, additional, for service in the Squirrel ;
and E. 11. Whiddon, assist.-paymaster, to the
Royal Adelaide.

THE YORKSHIRE WOW IN VESTIGA-

TIONS.

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During the week the Rev. Canon Grecnwell and
the distinguished arcl•aeologists who accompanied
him have opened a large barrow on the Potter
Brompton Wold, on Sir Charles Legard's estates,
showing a mixture of the inhumed and cremated
modes of burial in use by the Britons. The skulls
obtained show the burials to be those of a vet./ early
people, who appear to have known nothing of metals,
for no trace of aught but flint or bone implements
has been found. The bodies were very numerous,
and interred in all imaginary positions, the one fea-
ture appertaining to all being the practice of doub-
ling up the body into the least possible space by
drawing the knees up to the elbows. The tumulus
contained the remains of several adults of both
sexes, and of several children, and mostly interred
with pottery and flint implements. Of these latter
on the western side of the barrow, unassociated with
a burial, were upwards of 100 in one deposit. Some
of these were well-made and beautifully chipped
scrapers, but a large majority were the flakings of
flint from the core, as if prepared for the chip-
ping into form, but which had not been fabri-
cated into worked implements. This was a dis-
covery totally unusual, and it is a difficult matter
to say why so large a deposit of flints should have
been made in one particular place. In a few years
they would have been scattered by the plough ; and
the human remains in the tumulus were some
of them so near the top that continued cultiva-
tion must also have very soon dispersed them over
the land. The details of the opening show results
of curious interest. The tumulus was 60ft.
diameter, and reduced to 3ft. in height, and was
formed of large flints and chalk rubble. About 2ft.
above the natural surface, and 7ft. S.E. of the centre
was the body (1) of a young person, laid on the left
side, with the head to the east and the hands on the
knees. At the crown of the head was a prettily
ornamented flower-pot-shaped urn, the ornament
on the upper portion being of alternate bands of
horizontal and zigzag thong markings. Over the
skull and the urn were two large blocks of flint for
protection. About 3ft. east of this body and lift.
east of the centre, but on the same level, was an
imperfectly burnt body (2), with blocks of chalk
and flintstones carefully placed above it. Just
east of this burnt body was the body (3) of a child,
laid on the left side, with the head to N.N.E., with
right hand on the knees and the left under the face.
Below these, in a grave (of which these occupied
the upper part) 2lft. deep and sift. diameter, was
a body (4) on the left side, the head to the east,
and the hand up to the head, and knees drawn up.
Behind the skull was a " drinking cup," and below
it a flint knife, Sin. in length, and finely and care-
fully chipped into form. A great deal of charcoal
surrounded this body. Eight feet south of the
centre was a body (5) on the right side, 2ft. fruit
tie 5,.-rfaeo, in a shallow grave. The heal was to
the S.E. The left hand was to the face, and the
iglit on the knees, which were drawn up. Before
Ili.; face was an urn Sin. high, ornamented with
horizontal thong impressions. The head and urn
were protected by large stones. Sixteen feet S.S.W.
of the centre was the bsily of a female (G) on the
right side, with the head to the S.W. and hands up
to the face. This was in a shallow grave only aft.
deep, and was surrounded with much charcoal.
The central grave was Bft. by Gft. Gin., and 3ft.
deep. Iu it was a body (7) on the left side, with
the head to the east, and touching the eastern side
of the grave. The left hand was up to the face. Be-
fore the head was an urn Bin. high, ornamented iu
the upper part with four lines of punctured holes. At
the other end of the grave was the body (8) of a
young person on the right side, with head to the

N.W., the hands up,to the face, and the knees up.
The head of this body was just west of the feet of
the last. Upon the knees was a very beautiful leaf-
shaped flint arrow point. Fifteen feet F.N.E. of
centre the most remarkable discovery was made.
Two bodies (9 and 10), male and female, were found
interred together, face to face—the skulls touching
indeed. The heads were to the S.E. The woman
lay on her right side, with her hands and knees
drawn up, and the man lay on his left side, with his
head upon the woman's hands, and the femurs across
those of the female. The left hand of the male was
down by his side, and the right arm was extended
at right angles from the elbow towards the female
skeleton. Between the bodies—above the drawn-up
knees of both—were two very pretty and peculiar
small urns, ornamented on the rims and in the
sinuses with herring-bone work, and both having
lids, with central handles ornamented in four com-
partments with double lines of punctured holes, the
edges being also punctured. These were very re-
markable and quite unique. One urn was beauti-
fully perfect, and one lid was obtained sufficiently
so to allow of drawings being made. It is not known
that any previous find of funeral urns with lids has
been recorded. With one urn was a split boar's
tusk, ground into a sickle-shaped cutting instrument.
These two bodies were interred on the level of the
natural surface, but 2ift. above the bottom of a
large grave. Eleven feet N.N.E. of the centre in
the grave (or trench) named was the body (11) of
a young child with the head to the west, and 12ft.
N.N.E. of the centre was another body (12) of a
child, about three years old, behind the head of which
was an ornate drinking cup. These bodies were
just to the west of the two (9 and 10),but 2ft. below
them. Twenty-one feet E.N.E. of the centre was
the body (13) of a very young child, with head to
E.N.E., in a shallow grave sunk in the bottom of
the irregular trench, which it was found ran E.N.E.
to W.S.W., from about Bft. E.N.E. of centre
to 23ft. distance. It was in this trench the three
last-named burials of children were made. The
trench was about sft. wide. The disposition of the
bodies in this hone and their various levels show
the burials to have been made at different times,
except in the case of the two bodies (9 and 10).
The materials of the hone yielded several potsherds,
chippings of flint, animal bones split for the mar-
row, and part of a red deer horn. The examina-
tions are being continued.

PASTORAL LETTER OF THE BISHOP OF
BIRMINGHAM.

The following is a Pastoral Letter by the Right
Rev. Dr. Ullathorne, Bishop of Birmingham
To our Dearly Beloved Brethren and Children in
Christ, the Clergy, Secular and Regular, and the
Faithful of our Diocese.
Health and Benediction in the Lord.

Dearly Beloved,—Much has been written of late,
and especially in a portion of our lay periodical
press, which, from its general tone, is calculated to
leave an impression on the mind of its readers,
that English Catholics have not that faith or loy-
alty towards the Holy and Apostolic See which
they ought to have ; or at all events, that they do
not comprehend what that faith and loyalty require
of them. Abstruse questions belonging to doc-
trine and theological teaching have been discussed
on that lay arena as to what is of faith and what is
not of faith, as to what is of sin and what is not
of sin, and that in a style and after a manner which
we will not characterize, but which perplexes and
bewilders the faithful, whilst it exhibits us to the
non-Catholic world around us, as though, divided
like them, the English Catholics know not what
they believe, or of whatthey speak. Nor is this
all ; for, as we have some reason for knowing, the
notion is thus spread abroad amongst our brethren
in foreign countries, that our body is disunited on
high and low views of doctrine, even as were the
Greeks of Constantinople, whilst the enemies of
their faith were thundering at their gates. And
yet, beloved brethren, you cease not to be united
with the teaching voice of your pastors ; your
pastors are united and of one accord in their
teaching ; and their united voice is ever one and the
same with that of the Holy See.
We are the faithful children of the Church,
and therefore we are the loyal children of the Holy
See. Was it not the consciousness of this truth,
and was it not the inheritance of this consolation,
that strengthened our fathers in their cruel con-
flicts with the adversaries of the Papacy ? And
what is it but this same consciousness, and this
self-same consolation, which gives us courage to
endure, and strength to bear lightly those temporal
disadvantages and those social inconveniences, that,
because of our fidelity to Peter's chair, are apt to
meet us at every turn of life ?
If our fathers encountered the loss of all things•—

if they suffered the loss of society, goods, and life;
if they endured oppression, the rack, the sword,
and the gibbet, and that for no earthly cause
except their adhesion to the Holy See ; who shall
lightly accuse their children of defection, who still
are holding with much earthly cost to the faith of
their fathers? The soil of England has been pur-
pled with martyrdoms for the Holy See. Nor,
bylithe grace of God, has the practical tradition of
that fidelity been broken up as yet. Some, indeed,
we must confess with sorrow, have fallen away.
Others have taken their places. But of the body
of English Catholics at this:hour, those whose faith
in the Holy See is weak and languid may be
counted without much difficulty. They form a
poor and feeble band.
You have been taught, beloved brethren, that
our Blessed Lord gave all His power on earth to
Peter before He communicated any portion of that
power to the rest of the apostles. You know that
whilst the rest of the apostles had not apostles
but bishops for their successors, the glorious
apostleship of Peter continues in his successors to
this day ; and that it will continue to the end of
time. You know that whenever the apostle,
holding Peter's place, speaks to the Churches, his
confirming voice speaks the unfailing truth. If the
Pope proclaims to the Church that a doctrine is
heretical, it is heretical. If he says that a doctrine
is nigh to heretical, it is nigh to heretical. If he
says it is erroneous, it is erroneous. What he de-
clares from Peter's chair to be unsound, is un-
sound ; and what he affirms to be rash or scandal-
ous, is rash or scandalous. And if the Pontiff
warns us that this line of thinking or that course
of action is dangerous to faith or to morals, it is
dangerous to faith or to morals, exactly as he
declares it. This you know. This you believe.
By this voice you both guide your faith and regu-
late your conduct. The sincerity of your faith will
not allow you to be falterers ; nor, if we must
allude to the latest term invented as a brand for
the brow of Catholics, will the simplicity of your
belief allow you to be minimizers. And for this
very reason is your faith sincere and simple, that
you keep to what the Church has taught you
through her pastors, and concern not yourselves
with such opinions as are framed by any unautho-
rized teachers ; you know what example your
bishops have set you, and you have witnessed their
quick response to every call made upon them by
the Sovereign Pontiff. For example, when that
great doctrinal instruction, the Encyclical and
Syllabus of 1864, was promulgated from the chair
of Pius IX., with what reverence and gratitude was
the precious gift received ! It was at once recog-
nized as a light from Heaven to guide us through
the intellectual danger of these perilous times.
Copies of it were multiplied by the bishops in the
hands of their clergy, and they in their turn were
exhorted to inculcate its principles amidst their
flocks ; and the clergy made it their study, not

only in private but also in their conferences.
llave we heard of one of them who has questioned
the least of its principles, or who has otherwise
accounted of it, than as an inestimable light, shin-
ing with all the force that is derived from
apostolic authority?
With this not uncalled-for introduction, we have
now to speak with you, beloved brethren, on a sub-
ject of considerable gravity, and one in which we
do not speak without the direction of the Holy
See.

At a meeting of the English bishops of Decem-
ber, 1864, the last, over which the late Cardinal
Wiseman presided, the subject of the education of
Catholics at Protestant uniyersities was fully con•