The Sun.
London, England, 1858-10-16 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 16, 1858.

APUBLIC' EXPERIMENT 'OF THE
PRESERVATION OF DEAD BODIES BY
FALCONY'S PATENT POWDER will take place on
TUESDAY ne-xt, at One o'Clock, at the SCHOOL OF
MEDICINE, ':do. 1, Grosvenor-place, adjoining St. George's
Hospital,
fession, undertakers, and others interested, are invited to
Hyde Park, at which members of the medical pro-
attend, and. -will be admitted on presenting their cards. It
will be se eyi that a dead body, which will then have been a
month in the
gents no, offensive smell, and, as will be shown, is in an in-
powder, kept in an open coffin, in a room, pre-
finitely botter state than it was when first subjected to the
°feet, of the powder.

• -NT •
ICOLLS' NEW REGISTERED PALETOT
has all those advantages which secured such general
Popularity to Messrs.-Nicolls' original paletot, that is to say,
it.: avoids giving to the wearer an outre appearance, so that
professional men anti all others can Use it during morning and
afternoon in or out of.doors. Secondly, there is an absence of
unnecessary seams, well known to secure a more grac3ful out;
line, as *ell as to effect a great saving in wear ; the latter
advantage is considerably enhanced by the application of a
peculiar and neatly stitched binding, the mode of effecting
which is patented. Great exertions are being made to supply
Messrs. Nicol's' agents throughout the - country and the,
colonies with an assortment of this new garment, simulta,
neously with the display in London, but it is necessary to in-
form the public that all Messrs. Niceills' manufactures maybe
distinguished by a trade mark, consisting of a silk label
attached to each specimen ; to copy this is fraud, and may be
thus detected. If the garment is dark-coloured, the label has
a black ground, with the firm's name and address woven by
the Jacquard loom in gold-coloured silk ; if the garment is
light-coloured, the label has a pale drab ground, and red silk
letters. Each paletot is marked in plain figures, at a fixed
moderate price, and is of the best materials. In London, the
NEW REGISTERED PALETOT can alone be had of IL J.
and D. NICOLL, 114, 110, 118, 120, Regent-street, and 22,
cornhill.
• .

A NEW DEPARTMENT FOR YOUTH, &C.
HJ. and D.. NICOLL recommend for an out-
• side Coat the Havelock ; and for ordinary use the
Cape Suit, such being well adapted for young gentlemen, as
exhibiting considerable economy with general excellence.
Gentlemen at Eton, Harrow, Winchester, the Military an d
Naval Schools, waited on by appointment. A great variety
of materials adapted for the Kilted or Highland Costume, as
Worn by the-Rayal Princes, may be seen at • -
};WARWICK HOUSE, 142 and 144, Regent-street.

FOI;

NICOLLS' PATENT HIGHLAND -CLOAK
is a combination of utility, elegance, .and comfort. No
Lady having seen or used such in -travelling, for morning
wear, or for covering full dress would willingly be without
one. It somewhat resembles the old Spanish Roquelaire, and
has an elastic Capucine Hood. It is not cumbersome or heavy,
and measures from 12 to 16 yards round the outer edge, falling
in graceful folds from the shoulders ; but by a mechanical
contrivance (such being a part of the Patent) the wearer can
instantly form semi-sleeves, and thus leave the arms at
liberty ; at the same time the Cloak Can be made as quickly
taresume its original shape. The materials chiefly used are
the soft neutral coloured shower-proof Woollen Cloths manu-
factured by this firm. The price will be two guineas and a
half for each Cloak ; but with the Mecanique and a lined
Hood a few shillings more is charged. This department is
attended to by Cutters, who prepare Mantles of all kinds,
with Velvet, Fur, or Cloth Jackets, either for in or out door
use: These at all times—like this Firm's Riding Habit—are
in good taste and fit well. Female:attendants may also be seen
for Pantalons des Dames a Cheval, partially composed of
Chamois. As no measure is required the Patent Highland
Cloak can be sent at once to any part of the Country, and is
thus well adapted fora gift.
H. J. and M NICOLL, Warwick House, 142 and 144, Re-
gent-street, London.

MEETING O.P.THE WORKING CLASSES

AT LIVERPOOL.

LIVERPOOL, FRIDAY, OCT. 15.
The meeting of the working classes was held
last evening, in the Royal Amphitheatre, which,
long before the hour announced for the meeting,
was densely crowded in every part, great numbers
being unable to obtain admission.
Mr. Alderman S. Holme presided; and amongst
others on the platform were the Right Hon. Lord
John Masse'', Lord Brougham, Right Hon. Sir J.
oPakington,- the • Right Hon. the Earl of Carlisle,
Sir J. Stephen, the Right Lord Shaftesbury, Lord
Sandon, the Right Hon. W. E. Cowper, M.P., Mr.
W. Brown, M.P., Mr. T.- B. Horsfall, M.P., -Mr. T.
Tliornely, M.P. Mr. J. Bramley-Moore, M.P., Mr.
R. M. Milnes, Mr. A. Kinnaird, Mr.
Hanbury; M.P., &c.
The CHAIRMAN having opened the business,
Lord BROUGHAM, who was received with loud
cheers, said—lt is impossible for any one to feel
more gratified than I do at witnessing such a col-
lection gathered together of the working men of
this great town, from no party view, from no sec-
tarian principle, but gathered together for the pur-
pose olverking• out their own improvement by
helping those who have principally, and I Will add
entirery;that improvement at their heart. -(Hear,
hear.) One word as to what I deem the Most. im-
portant 'consideration, and to what I am, therefore,
always .anxious to urge in front, and what I have
to say when I Meet my fellow-citizens of the worlc-
ing class, the class to which I Myself have in one
sense, all my life belonged. (Hear.) From my
experience as a working man I have derived that
which is my conviction and unalterable opinion
with respect to the value of labour through life in
all its forms, and in all stations, that has been the
result of my 'own ,personal
,experience. (Hear,
hear.) But I have derived also one or two lessons
of the same kind, and one or two which I would
remind you of. Nothing, is good in'excess—(hear)
—not -even hard work. Heaven forbid that I
should say one single word or utter one single
thing in behalf of idleness ; but I say hard work
without, any relaxation I object to, upon the old
principle, upon the old saying, " All work and no
play makes Jack a dull boy." - (" Bravo," and
cheers.) Don't think I refer to my noble friend near
me, Lord John: (Laughter and cheers.) Don't
think I had him in my eye. I had not ; I meant
any Jack. If any one supposes he is a dull boy—
(continued laughter)—then he must suppose that it
is because he has.had too much work and too little
play. (Cheers and laughter.) I have no fear upon
his account any more than I have upon yours. But
I have to urge that hard work should be inter-
rupted by play, by fit and reasonable relaxation,
and relaxation is what I-rnean myself ; but that
That recreation ought. to be a kind which is of it-
self, I would not, say:merely harniless, innocent, but
of itself improving, as it may be ; because there is
relaxation in reading; there is relaxation in read-
ing that which is even in itself not meant to teach
any science, or any art, or even history, or even
biography. There is relaxation which may be made
of an innocent sort, by. reading that which merely
entertains and, amuses. .1 have no objection to that;
there is no harm in it whatever. It is far better to
pass your time in such relaxation; to avoid the list
less vacuityof unoccupied hours while resting from
your work ; it enables you to call the time your
awn ; :far better that than even reading ghost sto-
-1 ries, or stories of murder7---(hear)—which do no
good whatever, except to harden the. feelings. Far,
infinitely far, better than, to have recourse to that
course which I only name to abominate and abhor,
—I mean a course of drinking and dissipation.
(Hear.) There is one great element in -improve-
ment which I have constantly inculcated upon my
excellent friends of the,working classes in York-
shire, and my friends in Manchester, in this county,
to make your labour available by doing one thing
at a tune, and never beginning to do one thing
Until you have finished the other. (Hear, hear, and
cheers.) • It was said by one of the great statesmen
of a former age—he was one of those who could go
through an enormous amount of work -as a states-
man, a philosopher, and a literary man, so that
nobody could tell how he found time • as his day
was but 24 hours like our own, and no more,
nobody could find out how he contrived to do all
he did, and they asked him how he could do it—it
was said by him, " h have only two rules—to do one
thing at a time, and never to put off until to-mor-
row what I could do to-day." I recollect upon one
occasion quoting that maxim of De Witt's to my
friends in Manchester, and I felt bound. to add that
another great minister of another country, a French-
man, held a very opposite doctrine, and declared he
made it a rule never to do to-day what could be
done to-morrow. (Laughter.) No doubt Talleyrand
used. to be laughed at for that absurd proposition ;
but he used to give, over and over again, instances
in which he might have answered despatches or ap-
plications to-day, but he put them off, the applica-
tions were withdrawn, and he had no occasion to
answer at all. (Hear, and laughter.) But there
were excepted cases, and his rule was the worse
rule, and De Witt's rule was the best. There is
another thing to be very much considered by work-
ing men. Your time is your money; your time is
everything. Now, it is a common saying of practi-
cal economy, " Take care of the pence, and the
pounds will take care of themselves." So I say, as
time is your money, "Take care of the minutes and.
the hours will take care of themselves." _ (Hear,

hear.) These are the results—OHO;g and intimate
acquaintance not. only with labour by my own ex-
perience, but of labour by my observation of and
communication with others ; and those results I
deemed it my duty to bring before you on the pre-
sent
occasion. But that I should begin to enter on
a discussion of the great advantages which all classes
have derived from the progress of liberal, sound,
and enlightened policy in this country—that I
should proceed to. give you a lecture upon free trade,
against the fallacies which now appear to be aban-
doned on all hands, and given up as obsolete, is
wholly and entirely out of the question. You know
these things as well as I do. You feel them, per-
haps, more intimately than I do. The benefits of
those sound and liberal views which have lately go-
verned the State, you yourselves are best able to
estimate and to ascertain the value of, and there-
fore I shall not enter further upon a subject so
wholly unnecessary. (Hear.), But there is one very
painful thing which strikes me and that is the
number of able, of eminent, of virtuous men whom I
miss here, some for the first time since my last visit
about a year ago, but all since my first to Liverpool
in 1801. To run over the names is enough. To stop
to pronounce a panegyric on either or any one of
them would be superfluous, preposterous, because
utterly superfluous in the place where we are met.
(Hear.) Roscoe, Carrie, Shepherd—friends of the
people, friends of mankind, friends of enlightened
literature, of enlightened policy, of liberal and
sound science—these, unhappily, we have all lost
within a few years ; and to them may be added, I
fear, too many others; this makes my arrival in
this town very far from being a source of unmixed
gratification. Nevertheless, we venerate their
memory ; we are fain to hope that those who sur-
vive will follow their bright example. (Hear.) We
now are in a state of things which excludes the
violence of parties, whether in the Church or in the
State. Let us improve that calm—that blessed calm
—by promoting to the best of our endeavours, to
the utmost of our means, in all respects and iu all
branches, the cause—the great cause---of the im-
provement of the people. (Loud cheers.)
Lord J. RUSSELL said—l have no wish, in ad-
dressing the working classes; to appear to address
anything like a lecture to them, and 'still less to
preach to them: (Hear, hear.) Nor,. I must say;
would it be consistent with the high opinion that I
entertain of the understandings of the working men
of this country if I were-to attempt to flatter them.
My sole object is, in folloWing my noble and learned'
friend, to speak upon the. same text that he has
Spoken, and to say that we are here not to lecture,
net to preach, not to dictate, but to work together
with the working classes towards the object which
we believe is' good for rich and
.poor alike—for the
highest and poorest in the. land. .(Cheers.) And,
gentlemen, it is my earnest hope that you will leave
this place fully persuaded that the objects which
the association has in view are objects that deeply
concern you, and -with regard to which it is our
duty, as it will be your interest, to give.your assis
tance—(hear, hear)—and- I 'feel most deeply that
unless you do so„ that unless public opinion
favours us,- unless the opinion of the working_
class goes with us, our labour will be utterly vain,
and our different departments will utterly fail. We
have been engaged to-day in several departments.
One was with regard to the improvement of the
law, and various suggestions were made for making
law courts all the more useful: Now, that, I con-
ceive, is an object that will be useful to the whole.
community. In this object, as.in every. other that
pertains to the well-being of the people, we cannot
go a step without recognising the hand of my Lord
Brougham. (Great cheering..) And, if I may use
an illustration upon this subject, it occurs tonne to
mention that, when two great .generals were ear-
rying.on war with each other-Turenne. on the one
side, and the Prince of Conde on the ,other—the

Prince of Conde had been for some time absent,
many hundred miles away. There came an alarm
at night, and Turenne was told that one of his can-
tonments was on fire. He went to see it, and found
such was the activity of the enemy that one can-
tonment after another was set on fire, till there
was a-whole circle of fire around him. He said at
once that the Prince of Conde had arrived ; and
what he said with regard to the art of war, with
regard. to the art of destruction, I say to you with
regard to the arts of peace, that when you find
some work that is beneficial to mankind—and that
haS made progress--you may say with authority,
" Lord Brougham must be here—he is leading."
(Loud cheers.) I proceed, gentlemen, to another
subject which eminently concerns the . working
classes : I mean the objects of the sanitary depart-
mentwhat is in our day called sanitary reform.
Among other evils that we have suffered from in
this country has been the very bad state of the
dwellings of the working classes. (Hear.) In many
respects individual landlords and corporations have
been able to do much to remedythat state of things,
but it requires the diligence of the working classes
to further and complete the work ; and I must say, as
I' said, not intending to flatter the working classes—
that it behoves them—those who are in the receipt of
good wages—to make provision that they may be able
to maintain their families in comfort, and to obtain
dwellings where they can live in peace. (Cheers.) For
nothing, I am sure, concerns the welfare of the commu-
nity more—nothing. concerns the health of the com-
munity more—nothing concerns the morality of the
-community more—than that there should be good
and wholesome dwellings for an the working
classes of this country. (Hear.) That, again, is
one of the objects of this association. 'lt is one of
the objects of this, association_to make our towns
healthy and to improve their condition. A friend
of mine in London, Mr. C. Pearson; has long medi-
tated on a plan which at all events does great credit
to his ingenuity and benevolence ; and that plan
is by means of the railroads to take those- of the
working men who receive high wages a few miles
out of London, and there he says they would obtain
cottage and a garden in pure air for little more
than half the rent which they pay now for a miser-
able lodging in the midst of the city of Londein.
(Cheers.) These, things we are not to say at once
are practicable, and that they ought to be adopted,
but we have an association in order that we may
meet and prepare each other's notions ; and it is by
means of such associations; and by means of their
being spread in different parts of the country, that
we may ascertain what is practicable—what will
be useful upon this subject. (Hear.) With regard
to education I trust that great improvements will
be made upon that subject. But at the same time,
in any improvements in education we must take
care to preserve the freedom, political and religious,
which every individual of this country enjoys,
(Hear.) There must be no attempt to curb that
freedom, of conscience that is one of our best privi-
leges, and to which we owe the great progress that
we have hitherto made. But I cannot mention the
subject of education without referring to the muni-,
ficent gift which has been made by a citizen of your
own town. (Cheers.) Gentlemen, there was in the
palmy days of Florence a merchant prince, whose
vessels sailed over the world, whose return made
him richer and richer, and who built churches, who
founded galleries, and who established a great
library for the benefit of the citizens of Florerce
—but that merchant prince, while he did this,
aimed a fatal blow at the liberties of his country.
(Hear.) But you have a merchant prince among
you who, while he founds a magnificent library,
would do everything he could to promote and en-
large the liberties of the people. (Loud cheering.)
Well, gentlemen, I trust in that library you will
find materials both for instruction and amusement

--that'you will see howthe freedom of this country
was built up ; how its independence was asserted ;
how brave men of former times, when the Stuarts
endeavoured to establish a despotism, stood up
against that despotism, snd sacrificed their lives in
behalf of freedom--(cheers)—and thus you will per-
ceiVe the inheritance that we have attained. You
will find, on a survey of this country, that there is
much to be seen that may fill us with admiration.
You. see a sovereign ruling over a portion of the
human family that may be counted at 200,000,000.
You see the state here and- in India in the enjoy-
ment of £100,000,000 of revenue. But placed op-
posite that picture, you see crowded dwellings,
many people suffering from poverty—others from
their own vices—education but partially estab-
lished—laws obsolete and imperfect, and sometimes
ignorantly administered—much to reform, much to
improve. It will be your duty, while you have this
inheritance—while you are justly proud of this in-
heritance—to improve all these institutions, to
amend the defects which exist in them. And allow
me to say here, what I have said elsewhere, that if
we are vigilant and careful—that if the richer
classes and the working classes, and the whole
country, put their shoulders to the wheel in order
to improve our society—l can see no reason to ap-
prehend the decline of this great state. A friend
of mine—a learned historian whom all the world
admires—l mean Lord Macaulay---(cheers)—has
given us the picture of a New Zealander who is
sitting upon a broken arch of London bridge, and
who is looking at the ruins of St. Paul's. Now I
beg to dispute the fancied picture altogether.
(Hear.) I don't see why it ever should happen. I
think our citizens of London, for their part, if they
found an arch of London-bridge out of? repair,
would be very apt to restore it—(laughter)—and if
they found St. Paul's was not in so good a state
as it was, they would be all ready, by funds
which would be at their disposal, to restore the
beauty and grandeur of that edifice. And so with
regard to our political, our social, and our
moral institutions. I believe that if we will but be
vigilant—if we will but see that, while the imper-
fections of human nature and the very.progress of
civilisation bring evil after evil upon us, if we take
care to have the remedy against each of these evils,
if we improve, as we have been doing, the health
of the.community, the education of the community,
the general welfare and improvement of the com-
munity—l believe, if we attend to these things,
that, so far from decaying, this country has greater
and brighter days to look to than she ever has had
yet. (Cheers.) It may be that those times may not
be times of war. We may not have those laurels to
gain in the field and on the sea which we have
hitherto acquired. It may please God to give us
times of peace. But, whether they may be times of
war or times of peace, I trust that this great na-
tion, consisting as it does, of its various classes, but
mainly depending upon the basis of the working
men of this country—l trtfet, with the blessing of
God,- it may go on and prosper, and carry up to the
latest generation the name of free England.
The Earl of SHAFTESBURY observed that he had
been appointed by the council to preside over the
section of public health, and he wouldgive to them
his opinion as the result of several years' experi-
ence, that sanitary science, as it was called, was re-
lated not only to their physical, but to their spiri-
tual and moral rights and advantages. (Cheers.)
He had to inculcate that every man could best take
care of his own life and his own house. Did they
do so? Did they take care of their own life anil
their own house ? And would they take care of
their own life and of their own house ? That they
did not do it was manifest to every one who would
perambulate the streets and the lanes and corners
of the residences of many thousands of the working
population. That theythemselves believed that they
could not always do it was proved from that re-
ceived opinion from the earliest period of time that
these things ought in great measure to be assigned
to the superintendence of medical men. And that
they would not do it in very many instances, he
regretted to say, was apparent to every one who
would go into those districts. He wished
to impress upon them the very serious con-
sequences that were brought on by this state
of things, which arose in great measure from the
neglect of others, but occasionally from their own ;
but he maintained that neglect was ascribable to
others, who, being placed in different positions, and
having the power or influence, having the means of
observation and possessing the knowledge, had not
come forward until too late to redress those mighty
evils that had caused such tremendous mischief, and
which, if not intercepted and checked by the inter-
vention of wholesome measures—most imperfect, it
was true, but still to a certain degree fit to meet the
evil—would have brought a state of things which
would have cut the population down to one-half,
and left the other half miserable and drivelling
upon the face of the earth, totally incapable for the
industrious civil and military necessities of the
country. 11l health, on an average, would deprive
them of 30 days' toil a year ; and estimating this
loss at 2s. each day, this would show an average
loss of 605., a sum more than sufficient .th cover a
hundred rates that might be levied in this town for
the institution of many things that would be greatly
to their advantage—a sum of money that would
cover any additional rent that might be demanded
from them-for, a superior house in a more eligible
situation. These were only some of the physical ad-
vantages which would accrue from an-improved
sanitary condition. Let them look at the great moral
advantages which would follow. The besetting eyil