The Sun.
London, England, 1803-04-20 00:00:00

The Anwrican Prod,:t.c exporter! itt tgon,
=unwed to . - 3±,or,e,oots
Ditto in 1790 1400°,006

Increase in to years -

i8,000,0c0

The Foreign Commodities * brought into the
Country for re-ex portation. in !Soo, ampunt.
'id to •••
Ditto in '790 - . - • .

plaoosomo
.2000...4100

Increase in 10 years

28,000,000

'['he Rev*enne, in, *Bar, is estimated at
Ditto, in 179, arnonoted to

1ft359,001l
6024,000

Increase in irg yeat4

5,235.000

it will be perceived, that the Commerce and Re-
venne have increased :in a. propOition much greater
than► that of the Population, * • • * •
• *: *, *

* *

We shall subjoin here an Ewalt from a Debate
in the Lower Honse f Congress, on the 16th of
December,. 180 r, which will enable our Readers to
form some judgment of the motives, from which the-
Bilt~f nov; before our own Legislature, has been.
requesird by the American Government :
'4‘ Gen. SMITH darted from the Gentleman who
spoke last, a 4 t'o the tiled which he' seemed to ap.
prebend from the repeal of this Law. The effeet he
knew would be the very contrary, and Vigil of so
much importance to the Comrnercitil Interesttof the
United States, that it was for that very .reasOn he
wished that na delay might take place In adopting
measures for our commercial security. It was found,
very early alter the establishment of our Govern.

ment, expedient to adopt a system pursued by other
Nations, in laying such Puties,as would discriminate
between our own and Foreign Tonnage; at that time
our Ships were not adequate to carry one half of our
Produce to Foreign Markets; when discriminating
duties were laid, the measure appeared to at as a
charm, and bcyonti the weetattons of the, most.
sanguine calculations of commercial Men, our r:pu,
nage doubled in a short period, we were not only
very soon able to carry'all our own produce, but to
enter largel; into trade abroad. Other nations, af.
fated by our success,
.por4culatly Great Brilain,
devised means to enter into a cdmpetition with us
in their own markets, and enaCled countervailing
Jaws,. or devised duties equal to the amount which
we had laid on to protect our own commerce.. The
war that has lately ceased, gave us great adiantages ;
for although riew countervailing duties, and to an
extent perhaps not authorized by existing treaty,
were laid, yet as their tonnage was subjeCt to a high
war insurance, from which ours was exempt, we
retained our advantage du'ring the war; which
haying now changed the relative state or things, as
well with Great Britain as with other nations, it is
'incumbent On us to proVide ue'w Means to guard our
trade, and retain it in ,our own Wands. By the
~operation of the existing laws of Great Britain lay.
ing countervailing duties, they-possess an advantage
s 9 great, as to make a difference of 18 dollars iii
their favour upon the freight 'of every hogshead of
•tobacco shipped frorq our ports in a British vessel ;:
they will therelOre have the. whole difference of the
market price in their favouragainst American ship.
pers ; and of consequence, if we do not make pro-
vision to guard agatostthe contingency, the whole:
of oar catrying tratie may go into their hand,, for
every man will ship his goods. for a mAtket where

* The very great increaqo of thi* branch of the 'American
trage appears to have taken place lbtOttkiCall of that
oomtry were Allow:ea' a fiee trade to the British kettleniegits
io I ;Idia, uoaer ttR treaty between Omit Liritain'and AMC.
ntn, which wilt- ex pm: inabotit two ye.;r3. • .
+, Site the debate on the zlincrican “eaty 1411, ith March,
,2, In the Patti:anent:try Itegiiter.

he cane it on the [most. -adVantageous term,.
We were circumstanced- in the same way with re.
garVto.: France, where her.. regtilations were never
More disadvantageous. to us than the British, though.
the state of_ her tonnage did not leave roo.tri to
apprehend so much.'‘. He had it from high- 'authori.
ly, that the difference in favouraf the-French ton.
nage in their ports over ours amounted. to to livrel
in the too, or about 130 on ,the hogshead. of, to.
bacco only, from" whence it was evident that this
step was' necessary to he' taken to bring us 'upon
Onore equal. terms of trade. The commerce in to.
bacco to that country is very important. to. us; to
Great Britais we export only 14,000 hogsheads, we
export to prance 40,000 hOgsheads. The present •
was the season to make' use of our' fortunate situa-
tion, and to. ptovide .such regulations as would se,.
cure tows' that important branch of trade ; no time
could -be lost with propriety on the subject, 'and.
the measures proposed by the resolution would give
us the best opportunity to use the advantage.' We
are now in .a very different situation from-that
..
which weirond on the passing of the discriminating .
law :at than time we had .an insufficiency of ton.
nage, aria it was necessary. to create a competent
quantity ; that has been effetted, and we have now
tonnage sufficient to carry on all our trade tinder ju.
dicious regulations, and it is our interest to seek
the means by which we can start upon equal terms ,'
with themin our own and in their ports. We ate '1
competent to enter into such an amicable contest. .
Our spirit of enterprize and the skill of our marl.
time citizens are equal if not superior to any in the
world ; and it is becoming our circumstances and,
situation to shun a mercantile warfare, while we ,
seek a generiAs'emulation of skill, industry, and
enterprise. We want to enter the porti.of, other..
nations much more than they want to :enter ours.
lit thtif .can carry cheapest and best will
,have the
adVantage. We not only build cheaper thsti other
nations, but we: build better, and sail with fewer
hands. ~We need, therefore, no other than equal
terms t to start upon. .

:Wed

gi Mr.- GarswoLD was still unsatisfied by the
reasons :given by .the General. He, agreed that .it
was desirable to .secure as much,of the.toreign trade
as we could to• our own .vessels, and .if he could be
persuaded that a repeal of the discriminating-duties
(mid eked that purpose, or, that theircontiduance
would excludeOs foim our own carrying trade, he
would assuredly _votelar. the Resolution, But he
had- heard ,nothing to satisfy, him on that point.
With Great Britain, he believed, no such measure
could be.etfeeted in that.wayond he questioned if
it would prove more advantageous with other na-
tioni, as they pursue their own measures, whatever.
Laws we, Might 'adopt or repeal. It was true,
that in Great Britain our tobacco trade was suhjea-
ed to the disadvantage of heavy 'Duties ; but it
should be recolleeled, that comparatively little to.
bacco is consumed in Great. Britain : in the North
and other parts of Europe the consumption was:much
greater. Tobacco landed in England, therefore,
was not all Subjefied to their heavy Duties, because
whatever was exported had the Duties returned.
by way of drawback; so th:it our tobacco trade
thither in. American Botions stopd exadly upon:
the same charges to which the British Bottoms are
subjeaeil. If we 're'peal the Law laying diseri.
minsting Duties, then we permit ships to
come into our Ports upon equal terms with our
.own, and the cOnseqoence will be, that 'they
then • become our carriers. In France, likewise
there is little likelihood of advantage accruing by the
repeal. In that,Country,
,the tobacco trade was a'
monopoly of the Farmers. General, anti no one but,
them could import tobacco into France :. it was
probable that the same regulations would exist in
one shape or ariotherin future, and that we should'
not be likely to obtain
.better terms, by the repeal
of our law. If we,eould secure the carriage of our
.own'corrinterce by any reasonable measures, it would
make'hini
.very. happy ; but he did not beli ye the:
-measure proposed to he calculaied fur such an dial,
'and he was not disposed to run rashly into the re.
.peal.; he was not prepared to give his.consent to
the resolution, and particolarly as it was not much
detailed.; It was ponstjuaed so loose as torender'it
itlynss4.)le to say how or by whom the regUlation
is to be defined, or its extent ascertained. The
carrying trade of our own country was to. us all im.
portant, none, not all the other, was so much so,
The British carrying trade was certainly much less'
'so to them, it was of little value to diem i.init. With
us it is otherwise ; our at ticles. of home produeiion
are all bolky, and require great tonnage, such as .
.tiour, tobacco, fish,
.ilecl. and it was requisite
to retain Duties which gave them a decided prefer.
once. lie was not prepared to agree to the Resolu.
titm, and would rather prefer the appointment ofa
Committee to investigate and report upon the sub.
jed."

t That the Government of America is particularly atten.
tive to its carrying trade, anti-feelingly. alive, o- future ad-
vantages which it may derive, is obvious from the tOI lowing
paqvge in Mr. President jelti:rson's last address to Cougrms
on the jsth December, ISo2 , •

" We find, in some parts of Europe, monopolizing dis-
criminations• tho.lotm' of duties, tend elli*tually
to prohibit the carrying thither our own produce in our own
vessels. From existing amities, 'and it spirit of justice,' it is
hoped: that frichdly discussion .will produce 4- fair and. ache.
quate reciprocity.. But should filNe calculations of interest
defeat our hope, it rests with the Legislature to decide-Whe-
ther they wilt 'meet inequalities -abroad.
With' countervailing
inequalitics at home, or provide Ibt tho'evil In any other way.

- .
It is with' satistaaion I lay before you an. Att of the
British Parliarnent, anticipating this subjedi, so far as to
authorizei mutual abolition of the Duties, and Countervail.
ing Duties, permitted under the Treaty of ;79.1. it shavys,
q/1 their part, a spirit of justice and friendly acconimptiation,-
which it is our duty and our interest to cultivate- with all
nations. iWhether this will produce' a due= equality in the
navigation between the two Countries, ig,,4,AgbjeCi for your
consideration."