The Sun.
London, England, 1858-08-13 00:00:00

CANADA.

A plot, having for its object the massacre of the
Christians, had been discovered at Smyrna. The
Governor had made a seizure of arm; and sent the
guilty persons to Constantinople.
A scandalous rise had been effected in the
exchanges ; but, the Divan having given orders
to the bankers to reduce them, a fall had begun.
The Turkish Government has announced that a
pension of 12,000 francs would be allowed to the
heirs of the Page family, and that 1,000,000 piastres
had been granted to the other victims.

FRANCE.

PARIS, THURSDAY, 6 P.M.
The Plenipotentiaries met again to-day. It is
now expected that they will put their signatures to
the seven copies of the protocols on Monday.
News has reached Paris that the Emperor and
Empress left Brest this morning at eight o'clock,
proceeding on their journey through Bretagne.
It is rqorted in Paris that Marshal Randon will
retire from his post as Governor-General of Algiers.
The Emperor of Russia is expected to go to War-
saw in September. His Majesty's visit is probably
not foreign to domestic political interests. The Czar
is known to favour a liberal policy towards the Poles,
who have now four newspapers in St. Petersburg,
printed in their own language. The old Russian
party are becoming more and more alarmed at
the broad reformatory character of the present
Government, of St. Petersburg, and a strong
opposition is organising. The Emperor, on the
other hand, says a despatch which reached
me this day, is firm, and bent on doing away
with the system Nicholas encouraged. Thus the
Czyn, the first of all the poorer .lasses of Russia—
the emplves, who entered houses in the provinces,
and never paid for bed or board, are no longer pro-
tected at head quarters ; and will eventually be re-
organised, better paid, and obliged to respect the
rights and property of the people. It is expected that
M. Muchanow, the President of the Interior Com-
mission at Warsaw, will be removed when the Czar
visits that city. As regards the foreign policy of
Russia, there are strong symptoms of a desire to ap-
proach the views of England and France with regard
to the East; in fact, to work with the Western
Powers in pressing Turkey to carry out the text and
spirit of the Treaty of Paris. It has even been sug-
gested that a special envoy should be sent to Paris
and London, in order to create a thorough understand-
ing between England, France, and Russia with regard
to Eastern aff,irs. Russia also desires to take the
same position as the Allies will assume in China, and
is now seeking to identify herself with the diplo-
matic proceedings of England and France in the
Celestial Empire. Whatever may be the motives
of the present Czar and his advisers, Russia is going
through great changes at home, and founding a new
foreign policy which, if sincere, will certainly dimi-
nish the chances of war.
A letter from Warsaw of the 4th says :—" A reli-
gious reform has taken place in Russia. The Go-
vernment has limited the powers of the Orthodox
Greek clergy in certain matters, and has sup-
pressed some ridiculoui ceremonies which had
been introduced into public worship in order to
strike the imaginations of the ignorant and super-
stitious populations. It has also resolved' to re-
duce the number of the United Greek clergy, so as
to have one Pope for every 1,000 souls instead of
one for every 300. Lastly, the schools which were
set apart to the priests' children have been converted]
into communal schools. The works of the bridge
which is to be constructed over the Vistula have
commenced. The bridge, which wilt be bold and
handsome, will, with the quays leading to it, cost
about 12,000,000 f. It will be wade enough to admit
an American railway, two ways for carriages, and
pavements fur pedestrians. The Vistula is twice as
wide as the Seine at Paris, and as its bottom is formed
of shifting sand, the construction of the bridge will
present some aifficulty. The building of the bridge
is to take place under the direction of General Ker-
beda, of the engineers, and will, it is believed, occupy
three years."
A fall of heavy rain, such as the Parisians have
not witnessed for some time past, took place yester-
day. Some dozen workmen, employed in cleansing
and repairing one of the large drains of the city,
were surprised by the sudden rush of a vast volume
of water, which swept them away. Four or five of
the unfortunate men were lost, and it is supposed
have been carried away into the river ; others
escaped by a miracle. At six o'clock in the morning
the thermometer of M. Chevallier stood at 17 7-10ths
degrees Centigrade (634 Fahrenheit); at nocn, at
27 C. (804 F.) ; and at two o'clock at 28 4-10ths C.
(834 F.) At five o'clock the heat was 27 C. (804 F.)
PARIS BOURSE.—Large sales for realisation were
effected at the opening of the market, and prices
consequently declined, principally in the shares
_ .

owing to the impending bi-monthly settlement.
Threes varied from 68fr. 95c. to 69fr. 10c.; Mobilier,
670 fr. to 685 fr.; Austrian, 637 fr. 50c. to 640 fr.;
Orleans, 1,285 to 1,295 fr.; Lyons, 787 fr. 50c. to
792 fr. 50c.; Southern, 545 fr. to 535 fr.; Eastern,
670 fr. to 680 fr.; Western, 620 fr. to 627 fr. 50c.;
and Northern, 935 fr. to 940 fr. The market became
more settled towards the close, when the following
were the quotations :

Fr. Ct.
41 per Cents... 96 83
Do. end of month 96 75
3 per Cent 69
Do. end of month 69 15
Bank Shares
Credit Mobilier 677 50
Do. account 682 50

1' 1.
Credit Fonder
Belgian ,q —
Piedtnontese 3.., 89 7,5
Roman..... •• • • Austrian 92
Spanish Threes
Home Debt.... •

•Fr. Ct. Account—Fr.
urleans ........... 1,295
Northern
New ditto 792 50 • • 940
797
Lyons & Mediterranean 790
New ditto .. 795
Geneva
Midi .. 2C
Western . i2E
Eastern
Grand Central
Sardinian
Austrian

- -
526 2,5
. -
..

THE BOMBAY MAIL.

502
533
620
682

SOUTHAMPTON, THURSDAY.

The steamship Sultan, ‘%ith the heavy portion of
the above mails, arrived this day with 65 passengers,
£1,173 in specie, and a general cargo, consisting sf
1,230 bales of silk, &c.
The latest dates were, Alexandria, July 25; Malta,
31 ; Gibraltar, August 5.
On the homeward passage the Sultan experienced
strong head winds and foggy weather.
Her Majesty's ship Medina was at Alexandria.
At Malta :—The Centaur, Vigilant, Osprey, Wan-
derer, Ilarpy, and Hearty. The Admiral and
squadron were cruising off the island. The Curlew
was at Gibraltar.

The Sultan spoke the steamers Tagus and
Euphrates and the barque Ricardo.
Gibraltar exchange on London, at 90 days' date,
SQ.

TORONTO, JULY 29.
RESIGNATION OF THE MINISTRY !
HER MAJESTY'S CHOICE OF A SEAT OF GOVERN-
MENT FOR CANADA DECLARED BY A MAJORITY
IN PARLIAMENT TO BE NOT IN ACCORDANCE
WITH THE WISHES OF THE PEOPLE OF UNITED
CANADA ! MR. GEORGE BROWN, THE LEADER
OF THE OPPOSITION, SENT FOR !

The following explanation of the Ministerial re-
signation was made by the late Premier in the
house at its assembling at 10 a.m. this day :
"Attorney-General MACDONALD then rose and said—
The Government have taken into consideration the adverse
vote of the house last night, and have felt it to be their duty
to offer their resignations to the Governor-General. Those
resignations have been accepted, and we now only hold office
till our successors have been appointed. This course must
have been anticipated as the result of the action of the
house last night, in adopting the motion of the hon. mem-
ber for Berthier. The Legislature had by an Act of Parlia-
ment made an appropriation for the erection of public
buildings at whatever Riau might be selected by her Majesty,
and it was to all idents and purposes the law of the land.
We felt that as a Government we could only take the course
which any Government placed in like circumstances would
have been bound to do—that the law of the land being so,
the Government must carry it out. The house, on the motion
of the member for Berthier, resolved last night that the law
should not be carried out. It was simply a resolution of the
house that the exercise of the prerogative by her Ma-
jesty, made at the request of the Legislature, was a mistake,
and that she had chosen the wrong place. It did not even
ask her to reconsider her choice, and did not assign any
reason why her decision should not be carried out, but simply
stated—in a manner which I characterised last night as
an act of discourtesy and rudeness to her Majesty—that
we having asked her to select a place, and she having done
FO at our request, she had made a mistake. We had to con-
sider then what our future course must be in consequence
of that resolution of the house. We considered that the
law of the land declared that Ottawa was the place, and that
we were bound
.to carry it out. The house declared we
should not carry it out, and we stood in this position, that
we must either commit a breach of what we considered the
law of the land, or act in opposition to the will of a majority
of this house, a majority of 14. We came to the conclusion
that the usefulness of our position was so much deteriorated
by that vote, that we could not, with respect to ourselves or
advantage to the country, continue to hold our offices, a
considerable number of those who have usually supported
the Government having taken that strong view, and joined
in the vote that her Majesty had made a wrong selection.
Those are the grounds on which we have resigned. I may
add that, subsequent to that vote, there was another by
which the action of the member for Toronto, who leads the
Opposition, was made a test question. Upon that the
Government had a majority, but we could not conceal from
ourselves that several gentlemen who had formerly accorded
their support to the Government had now withdrawn, and
therefore in all the circumstances we thought it right and
due to ourselves, and due to this house, to offer our resigna-
tions. The Attorney-General East reminds me that as the
motion of the member for Berthier merely stated that her
Majesty had made a wrong selection, and did not recom-
mend any other place, it had the effect of preventing the
selection of any place whatever. With these explanations,
I move that the house do no AT adjourn.
"Hon. J. S. MACDONALD—This is not the time to make
any remarks on the position of the Government. Last
night I viewed the vote in the same light in which the
Attorney-General has characterised it to-day. The house
distinctly manifested want of confidence in a very impor-
tant step which the Government had taken, and to which
they still remained pledged, and the Administration are now
sensible that the position in which that vote places them re-
quired that they would tender their resignations to the Go-
vernor-General, with whom are vested the authority and
prerogative of calling to his councils those whom he cons.ders
possess the confidence of the country. I think the Adminis-
tration have acted properly in submitting iheir resignation,
when they found the voice of the country was against them
ou a very important branch of their policy, and the explana-
tions of the Attorney-General are clear and distinct. But I
do not think he should have taunted this side of the hawse
with offering an insult to the Queen. It is not offer-
ing the Queen an insult to stand by our own rights,
for the Queen can have no object in forcing a seat of Govern-
ment upon this country. She merely deferred to the wish
of this Legislature that she should select a place, and the
house has said that the place selected was not the most
suitable.
"Mr. DoaroN—l do not desire to offer any remark except
on one point. The Attorney-General has characterised the
vote of last night as an insult to her Majesty. The resolu-
tion implied no such thing. It was not an address to the
Queen, telling her she was mistaken, but a mere resolution
that Ottawa should not be the place. It was no more an
insult to the Queen than when some years ago it was
declared that Kingston was not the right place—the Queen
having as much selected Kingston then as Ottawa now.
Nor was it any more an insult to the Queen than when it
was declared that Montreal was not the place. No one then
said it was an insult to her Majesty to declare that Montreal
was not the right place t.) be the seat of Government.
"Attorney-General MACDONALD—The lion. gentleman
is taking an unusual course. The Government give expla-
nations and retire, and when their places are filled then
will be the time for discussion.
" Mr. DORION—I had no desire to raise any discussion,
but merely to prevent the impression going abroad that the
house acquiesced in the charge that the vote of last night
was an insult to her Majesty.
"The motion was then agreed' to, and the house adjourned.
" MR. BROWN SENT FOR.
"Mr. Brown, shortly after the rising of the house, was
sent for by his Excellency, and charged with the formation
of a new Administration."
It will be seen from the above that the Govern-
ment resigned upon the plea that the Queen was in-
sulted by the vote of last night ; but of course
anybody who has watched the course of events
during the few past days must have perceived that
the Ministry had, from some cause or other, lost
ground with many of their usual supporters, and
that, in fact, a general impression prevailed out of
doors that some change at least in the personnel of
the Administration had become necessary. In fact,
no doubt the. Premier desired an opportunity of ten-
dering his resignation, not perhaps with a view of
retiring in reality from office, but in order to be able
to reconstruct his Administration—a thing which
has been too much the custom in Canada of late
years. It is impossible as yet to say whether Mr.
Brown will succeed in forming a Government ; no
doubt he has to overcome great, very great, but not
insuperable, difficulties ; and the experiment is at
the best a doubtful one.
How the country at large will view the crisis, and
Mr. Brown's elevation, remains to be seen. My
impression is that Upper Canada will support him,
but that he will have to overcome such prejudices in
Lower Canada, where he is looked upon as a kind of
bogy to frighten people, and will require all the
tact and ability of a statesman of the first calibre.
Nothing definite can be known with reference to
the new Ministerial arrangements until to-morrow ;
but probably the telegraph will put you in receipt
of the latest intelligence. There will probably be a
dissolution, and the new Ministry may go to the
country with the cries of "No renewal of the Hud-
son's Bay Monopoly, and a Federal Union of the
British North American Provinces ;" all other agi-
tating questions will be set aside by the above, such
as representation by population, separate school abo-
lition, &c.
The New York papers—at least some of them—
have come out against the rumoured appointment of
Sir Alan Macnab as Governor of New Caledonia,
evidently in complete ignorance of the antecedents of
that distinguished Canadian. That Sir Alan pos-
sesses eminent qualifications for the post is %yell
understood in Canada ; and when a great number of
our people are about seeking their fortunes at the
new diggings, they will feel quite secure as to the
future when they hear for certain that they are
to have for ruler one in whom all Cana-
dians have learned to place implicit confi-
dence, and who, from an experience dating
nearly from the infancy of the colony and Upper
Canada, is in a particular manner the proper per-
son to be entrusted with the duty of organising and
bringing into a state of civilisation a new colony of
Britain on this continent. By the way, the new
colony, instead of being named after an island of the
New llebrides group in the North Pacific, stolen by
France from Great Britain, might be called New

secretary

The Times' article about the Hudson's Bay terri-
tory is laughed at here. It is called a very " feeble
effort" on the part of the Thunderer. Mr. Ellice is
now in Canada. Perhaps he has come out to over-
awe his censitaires, who recently exposed his attempts
to squeeze money out of the province through the
Seigniorial Commission. I send a report of the
public meeting of the vassals of the right hon. gentle-
man. Perhaps, with Sir George Simpson, he wishes
to get Sir Edmund Head to refuse his sanction to the
North-West Transportation Bill. As is said when Mr.
Ellice rises in the House of Commons, his presence
here indicates something extraordinary, and of
course personal interest has the most to do with it.
A number of measures have been passed since
Monday. The tariff has passed the Upper House,
and other measures ; but, however, the country is
not satisfied, and demands action on the Hudson's
Bay question, and on others which have been no
doubt purposely delayed.
Should Mr. Brown succeed in forming an Admi-
nistration it may reasonably be conjectured that the
question of a Federal Union of the British North
American Provinces will be the principal item in its
policy, and the sooner such question arises the better
for the whole of British America.
For some considerable time past public affairs
have been in anything but a very satisfactory
state, while day after day they have become
more and more complicated, until the dead lock
in the Constitution which was promised long
ago by prophets of evil seems to be on the
eve of making its appearance. The people of
Upper Canada have gradually become enlightened
as to the essential differences existing between them
and their fellow-subjects of Lower Canada, and an
impression certainly has taken possession of a vast
number of Western Canadians that a serious change
in the present Constitution is absolutely neces-
sary for the future well-being of both sections
of the province. No one could have read
the reports of what has taken place in the
Legislature, since the beginning of the session,
without arriving at the conclusion that the division
between Upper and Lower Canada was becoming
wider and wider, and acquiring an aspect which
threatened to bring about a dissolution of the union.
In former letters the state of public feeling on this
question has frequently been explained to the readers
of the Morning Post, and the particulars wherein
Upper and Lower Canadians differ, and which had a
tendency to disunion, have been broadly stated. To
say that the union has not exercised an influence for
good up to the present time upon the material in-
terests of the province, would be to state what is not
true. Unquestionably the country has been blessed
with wonderful prosperity, and has made surprising
progress since the union was effected, contrasting
favourably with the slow movement which, before
the consummation of that important measure, charac-
terised both Upper and Lower Canada. But it is
now argued that the very prosperity wrought by
the Act of Union has reached such a climax as to
call for further constitutional changes; that that act
has fulfilled its mission, and another step in advance
is required to promote the development of the im-
mense territories now fast yielding to the process of
civilisation. The Legislature, however, would
hardly, at the present time venture, by a direct
vote, to condemn the existing union of the pro-
vinces, and last night pretty conclusive evidence
was given of the hesitancy to declare a repeal of that
union desirable or necessary—when the adjourned
debate on Mr. M‘lienzie's motion was resumed. A
majority of the members from Upper Canada de-
clared in their speeches that the systematic opposi-
tion of Lower Canadians to measures which had
been shown by a majority of Upper Canada votes
to be required by Upper Canada, would naturally
call forth a growl of dissatisfaction which might
even result—much as they themselves were disin-
clined to such a thing—in a severance of the union;
but they did not deem it proper to vote directly for
the repeal—the numbers being for the amendment—
which stated„ " That in view of the large responsi-
bilities undertaken by the United Provinces, it is
not desirable to take any step to weaken the union,
but rather to cement the tie by mutual forbearance
and goodwill "—yeas, G 7 ;
nays, 34.
The following shows the opinion held of Mr
Ellice by his own censitaires in Canada :
"A large and influential meeting of the censitaires of
the Seigniory of Beauharnois was held on Monday, the sth
of July inst., at Durham Village, when on motion his
Worship the Mayor of Ste. Malachie, Ormstown, was called
.o the chair, and Mr. A. !VEachern requested to act as

"The MAYOR explained the nature of the meet-
ing; after which the following resolutions were proposed,
seconded, and carried unanimously:—
" Moved by Mr. A. STEEL, seconded by Mr. J. RUTLIER-
FORD--` That this meeting is not astonished at the un-
bounded avarice of the seignior manifested by the exorbi-
tant claims he has fyled with the commissioners appointed
to fix the schedule for the abolition of the feudal tenure, the
censitaires of this seigniory having for a long time experi-
enced his unbounded exactions.'
"Moved by Mr. J. SAtErztn, seconded by Mr. S.
CRUTCHFIELD-4 That the demand of £20,000 for water
privileges, already sold by him at a high rate, is absolutely
presurap!uous.'

"Moved by Mr. T. EVANS, seconded by Mr. A.
M'ConmlcK—' That the demand of over £3,000 a-year fur
the d'oit debanalite, while he holds all the mills in his own
hands, except those for which he has obtained a price that
should amply remunerate him therefor, is i❑ a pace with
his exacting principles.'
"Moved by Mr. H. TAIT, seconded by Mr. J. RussELT.