The Sun.
London, England, 1867-08-10 00:00:00

he was received with great enthusiasm. There L A TEST INTEL LICENCE. lIIETROPOLI
was a grand fete in the city, and the Bosphorus was
(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

M. Rodolphe Cuvier, a relative of the illustrious
Curier the naturalist, has just died in his 84th year,
at his country house at Montbeliard, Cuvier's birth-

place.

Private accounts from Madrid continue to record
insurrectionary movements and excitement in Spain.
The arrests of suspected persons are very numerous,
particularly in the provinces of Cadiz, Andalusia,
Xeres, and Tarifa. Among the persons of note
arrested is Pablo-Gomerz e Moure, a violent De-
mocrat, who it is supposed will be summarily shot.
It is evident that there will shortly be an important
insurrectionary demonstration in Spain.
There is a wicked mystification in Paris just now.
The men who sell photographs in the street offer a
portrait of M. Deak, the Hungarian statesman,.
as a genuine likeness of the traitor Lopez. The
portrait they sell of the Emperor Maximilian is
probably an equally good likeness of somebody else.
The Gazette do Florence says it has received with
the post-mirk of Milan a republican proclamation
from Mizzini headed " Universal Republican
Alliance," from which it is evident that there is no
foundation for the alleged concert between him and
Garibaldi, with a view to create an insurrectionary
movement at Rome. In this circular it is stated
that the party are not satisfied with the movement
which is under organisation for an outbreak in
Italy. They disclaim any participation with the
present movement " with the elements which
divert it," or with the " Ancient National Commit-
tee." What Mazzini seems to want is a Republican
insurrection, but, according to the latest accounts
from Rome, the late agitation is all over.

A circumstance may be mentioned in reference
to the Exhibition, which of itself proves very con-
vincingly that vast progress has been made in
France in works of art, taste, and industry. At
many stands arc articles marked " hors concours"
—out of competition, meaning that the manufac-

turcrs of them having obtained the highest possible
rewards it was useless to compete for more. This
is the case as regards the beautiful manufacturing
display of Messrs. Christopher and Co. There are
circumstances connected with that establishment
which have peculiar interest. It was the first to
introduce what is called or fevrie galvanique, and it
has made material improvements upon the Elking-
ton process. Figures show unerringly the
wonderful extent of the business of this esta-
blishment. Since 1815, when it was commenced,
the amount of its business is in round numbers
107,160,000 francs! The amount for the year 1866
alone was nearly eight millions of francs. It has
manufactured something like eight millions of covers,
and the silver employed upon the metal would
weigh 77,697 kilogrammes, or more than double
that number of English pounds. The establishments
of Messrs. Christophe and Co., at Paris and at
Carlsruhe, in the Grand Duchy of Baden, employ

1,418 persons, of whom 400 are women. These gen-
tlemen are philanthropists as well as manufacturers,
for they have organised a fiend for sick or disabled
workmen, and lend them money without interest
under certain circumstances. In short, the estab-
lishments are like one family. Although some of
the articles are most costly and beautiful,• yet the
million may be provided with covers and other
articles at a wonderfully cheap rate. In addition to
the assistance to workmen just spoken of, Messrs.
Christoflo and Co. give pensions to their widows.
They have rendered inestimable services to art and
artists—to art by encouraging its development in
every possible shape in the execution of their manu-
factures ; to artists by encouraging draughtsmen,
designers, architects, modellers, engravers, chasers,
and st.►tuaries—in fact, workmen in all the multi-
farious branches of art. These services have been

CALCUTTA, CHINA, AND AUSTRALIAN

MAILS.

MALTA, AUG 9.
The Bangalore left at 7 a.m., and the Pera
leaves at 10 p.m. to-day.
The former may be expected at Marseilles on the
11th inst., and the latter at Southampton about the
18th inst.

The Tanjore, from Southampton, July 27, ar-
rived Aug. 4, at 11 a.m., and left at 10 a.m. on the
sth for Alexandria.

The Nyann, from Marseilles Aug. 5, arrived on
.e 7th at 6 p.m., and left at 10 p.m. for Alexandria.
GIBRALTAR, Aug. 9.

The Euxine, from Southampton 4th inst., arrived
to-day at 1 p.m., and leaves at 6 p.m. for Alexan-
dria. All well.

IN DIA.

BOMBAY, August 9.

The screw steamship Great Victoria, the pioneer
of the new line of screw steamers between Bombay
and Liverpool via the Cape, arrived here yesterday
after a fine passage. She sails hence for Liverpool
on the Ist October, calling at Port Elizabeth to land

mails and passengers.
The Swedish brig Ida, of Southenburg, sprung a
leak, and was abandoned in lat. 36 45 N. long. 0 37
E. The crew were landed here from the ship
Ire n sk abel.

Exchanges are quoted :—London 90 days' date,
50i to 1 ; Paris, ditto, sf. 28c. to 29c; Marseilles,
ditto, sf. 29c. ; Madrid, eight days' sight, par to
dis. ; Cadiz, ditto, par. ; Malaga, ditto, to I dis. ;
Barcelona, ditto, pm. ; Valencia, ditto, par.

THE KING OF PRUSSIA.

BERLIN, Aug. 10.

Tho King will shortly pass through Frankfort.
on-the-Maine for Cassel, where his Majesty will
remain two days. The deputations from places re.
questing a Royal visit have been positively in.
formed that after leaving Cassel the King will pro
bably return to the Castle of Babelsberg.

THE BOMBAY MAIL.

SOUTHAMPTON, August 10.

The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steam-
ship Ceylon, Captain Coleman, with the heavy
portion of the above mails, 50 passengers, specie
£3,683, and a general cargo, including 2,490 sacks
of wheat, has arrived. August Ist, off Malta, she
passed a barque with three topmasts gone, steering
into Malta. August 2d, in latitude 3440 long.
813 E. passed a British schooner standing to S.E.,
showing signal thp.s.R. (new code). August 6th,
off Cape Roca, exchanged colours with au American
ironclad, steering to S.W., and passed a schooner
standing to southward. August 7, about 70 to the
southward, off Cape Finisterre, the Peninsular and
Oriental steam ship Euxine, bound out.

GIBRALTAR; Aug. 5.

The Chronicle of the 2d says—

OF TVORKS.

The ordinary weekly meeting of the Metropolitan
Board of Works was held yesterday, at the offices,

Spring-gardens. Sir John Thwaites, the chairman
of the Board, presided. There was not a numerous

attendance of members.

The Finance Committee presented the usual
weekly cash statement, of which the following are

some of the items :—ln the London and Westminster

Bank, general account, £143,403 19s. 11d. ; Main
Drainage Rate collection, £4,050 16s. 9d. ; Fire
Brigade, £4,339 12s. 3d. Iu the Bank of England
—Metropolitan Main Drainage, £16,074 15s. 3d ;
Thames Embankment, North, £34,801 ls. 3d. ;

Southern Embankment, £46,688 17s. Bd. Total,
£465,312 11s. 11d.
The Chairman proceeded to open tenders for the
formation of an embankment and roadways in con-
nection with the Main Drainage works near Plais.

tow, West Ham. The two lowest were Mr. William
Webster, £3,330 ; and Mr. Thackeray, £3,300.
After a few words from Mr. Legg, Mr. Roche

moved that Mr. Thackeray's tender for £3,300 be
accepted, which was seconded and agreed to. The

_ .
Finance Committee recommended that the several

sums named in the statement, amounting in the
whole to £36,062 Ss. 2d., be paid, which was ap-
proved. The Works and General Purposes Com-
mittee brought up a report, which stated that they
had considered the subject of the inundation of the
houses in Meadow-row, St. Andrew's-road, and the
neighbourhood on the 26th of July, and have
directed the engineer to report to the Board on the

subject generally. The report was approved of.

THE RECENT EXTRAORDINARY RAINFALL.
Mr. J. W. BAZALGETTE, the chief engineer,
brought up a report which he had prepared at great

,rouble ii;refeienee to the heavy fall of rain on

Friday, July 26. The report, which was read by

Bazalgette, was as follows:
" Metropolitan Board of Works, Engineer's De-
partment, Spring-gardens, Aug. 9, 18G7.
" A fall of rain such as has not been recorded in
London for the last 20 years, and stated in the Re-

gistrar-General's return of July 27 to have been
unprecedented at the Greenwich Observatory, fell
between midnight on the 25th of July and 9 o'clock

on the following morning. During these nine hours
31 inches of rain fell ; not like a thunderstorm,
confined to a portion of the metropolis only, but a
uniform downfall extending over the whole of the
metropolitan area and the surrounding country.

Thus one-eighth of the average rainfall of a whole
year fell in nine hours, or nearly one-thousandth

part of a year; one quarter of the year's rain hav-
ing fallen during the month of July. In preparing
the scheme for the main drainage of the metropolis,
it was anticipated that the low level districts of
London would be very considerably relieved of the
flooding which had previously produced such dis-

astious destruction of property during heavy rains;
and those expectations have been fully realised. It
was not conte►nplated by the intercepting sewers to
carry off all the flood waters produced by extraor-

dinary rainfalls. The report of the eminent engi-
neers who have considered this subject, and my
own, commencing in 1851, are numerous and very
explicit on this subject. They propose in addition
to the sewage to carry off by the intercepting
sewers a quarter of an inch of rain in 24 hours.
They give an average of the number of days
per annum upon which such rainfalls have oc-
curred, and explain the manner in which it is
proposed to deal with exceptional rain storms, and
how impossible it would be, by works of reasonable
magnitude and cost, to carry off and pump through
the intercepting system such exceptional storms as
fell on the night of July 25, and which, within nine
hours, deluged London with 26,000,000 tons of

while the interference with private property alone
would render such a proposition intolerable. In 1858
a report was submitted by Mr. Bidder, Mr. Hawks-
ley, and hiniself,whieh stated that their observations
distinctly established the fact that the quantity of
rain which flowed off by the sewers was in all cases
much less than the quantity which fell on the
ground ; and although the variations of atmospheric
phenomena are far too great to allow any philoso-
phical proportions to be established between the
rainfall and sewer flow, yet they felt warranted in
saying that, as a rule of averages, a quarter of an
inch of rainfall would not contribute more than ono
eighth of an inch to the sewers, nor a fall of four-
tenths of an inch more than a quarter of an inch.
If the sewers were capable of carrying off a volume
equal to a rainfall of a quarter of an inch per clay
during the six hours of a maximum flow, there
would not be more than 12 days in a year in which
the sewers would be overcharged, and then only for
short periods during such days. Mr. Bazalgette
having gone at great length into this question, _

The CHAIRMAN said the only thing they could do
would be to see that the houses were properly drained.
Mr. BAZALGETTE said houses built below the level
of low water could not be expected to be drained.
Mr. LEGG moved that the engineer's report be
printed and circulated, and that a copy be sent to
each claimant for compensation, and when the quQs-
tion was well ventilated it would be found in what
quarter the blame lay. _ _ _

Mr. FREEMAN thought that after what had taken
place, the engineer ought in future very carefully to
consider the subject, with a view to prevent a recur-
rence of such an accident.

Mr. PRILLIPs said if he did he hoped he would
not take the 26th of July as the basis for his calcu-
lation, as what occurred upon that day might not
take place again for 20 years to come.
After a few words from Mr. SHAW, the motion
that the engineer's report be printed and circulated
was agreed to.