The Sun.
London, England, 1867-10-22 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, tCTOBER 22, 1867.

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ILIh.IIO.VYBE7rIVEEN NORTHERNERS A NI)
SOUTHERNERS IN THE UNITED STA 7

The following letter has been addressed to the
editor of the Anglo-American Times:—
Sir, —ln a great cause men of different mental
characteristics may be often found in harmonious
co-operation. There is a difference in the United
States in the characteristics of the Northern and
Southern mind. This difference, however, did not
prevent co-operation in the struggle for indepen-
dence, in the framing of the Federal Constitution,
and in the making of the American nation. Co-
operation was not prevented by any difference of
race, climate, temperament, training, or religion.
The one real element of discord was prejudice—
the offspring of slavery.
Before the civil war the North was distinguished
for its love of material prosperity, the South for its
love of power. Hence the former became timid,
the latter bold. The South dictated, the North
yielded, and there was co-operation.
The habit became strong of command on the
part of the South, and of obedience on the part of
the North. To change this habit was no easy task,
though it was more difficult for the South to abate
its undue claims than for the North to rise to the
assertion of its rights. Reluctantly the South is
yielding up its prejudices. This once accomplished
the co-operation of Northerner and Southerner will
be as cordial as if they had been born on the same
side of Mason and Dixon's line. A number of
illustrations from life might be adduced to show
this. I will mention some of them. In the life of
William Wirt a striking exemplification is furnished.
He was a native of Maryland, and by the appoint-
ment of President Monroe, Attorney-General of the
United States. A profound lawyer, a powerful
orator, an able statesman, a distinguished scholar,
and a devout man, he visited New England, and
gave the following important testimony respecting
Southern prejudice :—" Now, after all this, you
will not be much surprised to learn that
I think the people of Boston amongst the
most agreeable people in the United States.
I suppose their kindness to me might have
some effect on my judgment ; but, divesting
myself of this as much as possible, I say
they are warm-hearted--as kind, as frank, as truly
hospitable as the Virginians themselves. In truth,
they are Virginians in all the essentials of character.
They speak and pronounce as we do, and their sen-
timents are very much in the same strain. Thoir
literary improvement as a mass is much superior to
ours. I expected to find them cold, shy, and sus-
picious. I found them, on the contrary, open,
playful, generous. They have no foreign mixture
among them, but are the native population, the
original English and their descendants. In this, too,
they resemble the people of Virginia, and, I think,
are identical with them. They are, in Republican
principle and integrity, among the soundest, if not
the very soundest, of the people of the United States.
Would to Heaven the people of Virginia and Mas-
sachusetts knew each other better What a host
of absurd and repulsive prejudices would that know-
ledge put to flight ! How would it tend to consoli-
date the Union, threatened as it is with so many
agents of dissolution ! My heart is set on bringing
about this knowledge. How shall I effect it ? If
I write I shall be known and be supposed to have
been bought with a little kindness and flattery. * *
* * I believe the prejudices arc all on our side.
The people of the North resent what they suppose
to bo the injustice of Southern opinion. Let them i
have reason to believe that we regard them with
respect and kindness, and they will not be slow to
give us theirs. I found it so in my own person.
And so I believe it will be found by every man of
sense in the South who visits them. What a fool I
have been to join in these vulgar prejudices against
the Yankees ! We judged them by their pedlars.
It would be as just if they were to judge us by our
black-legs. _ _

The cordial co-operation of Southerners with
Northerners, when prejudices had been removed,
was illustrated in the anti-slavery movement. The
first person nominated by the anti-slavery party
for the Presidency was Jas. G. Birney, of Alabama.
Having emancipated his slaves he attempted to
establish an anti-slavery paper in Kentucky, but
was obliged to flee for his life. He became travel-
ling secretary of the Anti-slavery Society, was a
delegate from America to the 'World's Anti-slavery
Convention, and published in England a book,
" The American Churches the Bulwarks of Ame-
rican Slavery." He was highly valued for his anti-
slavery work, for his kind, judicious, and benevolent
spirit, and for his noble example. Many an hour
have I pleaded with the Americans to elect him
President. lie would have been au honour to the
office, and would have saved America from her
troubles. Two of his sons were officers in the
Federal army, and one of them is said to have in-
vented the Greek fire used in the attack on Charles-
ton. Judge Grimkd, of South Carolina, emanci-
pated his slaves, and the two Misses Grimke, his
daughters, did much by their lectures and writings
in the North to arouse the women to an anti-slavery
effort. One of them became the wife of Theodore
D. Weld, distinguished as a lecturer and writer in
the anti-slavery movement. The Rev. Dr. Allan,
of Alabama, emancipated his slaves. His son, the
Rev. W. T. Allan, with myself, were at the same
time engaged as travelling lecturers of the Illinois
State Anti-slavery Society. He magnified his office,
and would often hold his audience spell-bound two
hours at a time, while ho instructed their minds and
enlisted their sympathies on the great question of
emancipation. The Rev. Edward Smith, a Virgi-
nian, was an anti-slavery Wesleyan. He was ex-
ceeded in zeal by none. At a conference I attended
he gave an account of his excluding a member from
the church for voting for a slaveholding President.
An action was brought against him at a court of
law, but the judge decided that the member had
resisted the object of the Anti-slavery Church,
which aimed to abolish slavery, and justified Mr.
Smith. The Rev. Dr. Brisbane, of South Carolina,
emancipated his slaves, and then became editor in
the North of an anti-slavery newspaper. As a
Baptist he did much to leaven the Baptist Churches
with anti-slavery principles. When I was in Ohio
I was his guest, and preached for him. Two of his
sons were in the Federal army, and he was appointed
to some office by President Lincoln. The Rev. Dr.
Nelson, the author of the " Cause and Cure
of Infidelity," emancipated his slaves. He was
driven by Lynch law from Missouri. A Virginian
by birth he settled in the West, and was greatly
beloved for his leadership in the Anti-slavery re-
form. Dr. Baily, a Virginian, was the editor of the
National Era, an Anti-slavery newspaper, published
at Washington, in which " Uncle Tom's Cabin"
was first given to the world in weekly chapters. The
Rev. Mr. Dickey, a Kentuckian, was a zealous ad-
vocate of emancipation. Ile was a member of the
Illinois Anti-slavery Committee, and first published
that climax of cruelty of Mr. Lewis, a slaveholder,
who bound a living slave on a meat-block in pre-
sence of his slaves, and hewing him in pieces with
an axe threw all the parts into the fire, to strike
terror into the other slaves ! Miss Mattie Griffiths,
of Kentucky, emancipated her slaves, and devoted
pen to emancipation. The Rev.
her accomplished
John Fee, a Kentuckian, the son of a slaveholder,
laboured devotedly in Kentucky. lie was a good
writer and an able preacher. I laboured with
him, and taught his people some of the Northern
Anti-slavery hymns. Arthur Helper, whose book,
" The Impending Crisis," prevented the 36th Con-
gress during eight weeks from proceeding to busi-
ness, was a North Carolinian. Governor Cole, who
had been Secretary to Thomas Jefferson, and was
elected Governor of Illinois, to defend the Anti-
slavery ordinance of the North- West, was a Virgi-
ginian ; but, passing by a host of others that I
should be glad to mention, I wish to name a few of
the Southern men who were (Acera iu the Federal