The Sun.
London, England, 1858-07-26 00:00:00

LONDON, _MONDAY EVENING, JULY

CIREA.T WESTERN RAILWAY.-
kfii Excursion to Oxford, Banbury, Leam.ngton, Warwick, and
Birmingham, from Paddi: gton, on SundAy, the Ist August, at 7.4 i
a.m., returning the same night Irons Birmingham at 7 o'clock, and
lute mediate stations as per ham:1101s. Fares :—Oxford, 6s. 6d.
and 49. ; Banbury, Bs.and ss. ; Leaminston or Warwick, 10s. 6d.
and 6s 6d.; and tiirminghatn, 12s. and 7S.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.
On WBDNEAD IY, the 28th of July, an EXCURSION*
TRAIN' will leave PADDINGTON at 8.0 a.m. for PIA, MOUTH
(offering facilities for visiting Torbay, Brixhatn, Dartmouth, and
the South Coast of Devon), calling at Weston•super-mare, Biidxe-
wate ^, Taunton Tiverton-rnad, Exeter, Barnstaple, and Bideford
(for Ilfl•acombe, and the North Coast of Devon); Starc't•ss, Dawlt sh,
Teignmouth, Newton, Torquay,' Totness, and Kin sbtid -e-road, and
nturning o situntay, the 7th of August,. from f lymoutb, at
6.20 a.m., and Intermediate stations as per handuills.

FARES THERE AND BACK.
Weston-super-Mare and Bridgew 4er, 202 and 13s ; T7unton and
Tivertol Roqd, 22s and 15s ; Rader, 22s 64 and f6s ; tarcross,
Dawlish, and Teigninout,, 25$ and 17s : Newton, Torquay. and
To.ness, 27s and 18s ; Barnstaple and Ride'ord, 30s and 20s; Kings-
brirlxe Road and Plymouth, 30s and 20s.
children under twelve years of age. half-price. Tickets not trans-
ferable, and only avat'ab'e by the Excursion Train.

i RAND NAVAL FETE.: CHERBOCIRG.
L
SOUTIT-WESTFRN RAILWAY.
RKTUR* TICKETS will he issued from London, and from South-
amOton and Port mouth, to II ctrititl. on FRIDAY, 30th July,. and
MONDAY, 2d kugust (last tr in from Waterloo-ledge Station at
1 p.tn.),•av,tilable to return from avre within one month.

FARES.

Ist Class, 2d Class.
Lon on to ivre and hack :••••• .. ... ....• • . 40a. Vs. •
Bout amoton to Havre and hack .• ••• • • • • • 30s. • • 235.
Portsmouth to II avre and rack, via Southampton 355. .• 255.
Seam boats ate advertised to leave Havre for Cherbou g at
moderate fares. • By Order.
Waterleo•brid;e Stat'on,
.• .

11A_ TD ROYAL FETES At. CHERBOURG,
.11 in presem-e J the E PEROR and E gEREsS of FRANCE,
the QITEE`...I of E, (PA • D, -nd I'RIN,II. CDN_SfIIT.
ThOSOUTII-n ESTER, R AvLSY AY COMPANY will despatch
the 11 AYRE steam-s ip; el heated for her speed aivi superior ac-
commo./at'on, from sonthainntou, at 12 midnight. oa WEDttESDAT,
Atrzuct Ith, turnip; from CherbOurg on sartnitnair.
Toe namher o passengers will be strictly limited to 61 gentlemen,
or ail of w, ~m berths will be provided on beard during the con-
tinuance of the Fetes.
Fares to etternourg and 'lnk. including Railway Fare a'4l
from any Station on the South •Western tin*, 410 00. 01 This sum
will Include Provisions on board. but not wine, spirits, or beer.
P. es,m,mts will be re 'fly on board the Havre, at 10 p.m. on the
evening of the 4th.
The outh-Western Corn rigny's well known steam ship rOVRIER
will deo he despatehel from Southampton to Cherbourg, at 12 mid-
night, on Wednesday. 4th August, returntn; from Cherbourg on
SATuuDAY.
ity the COURIER the number of passengers 1011 be limited, and
th ,y may remain on board, but berths cannot he guaranteed.
Fares to Cherbourg and Rack.
Front Southamptoa • •
From London .. • • _
Provisions on board at moderate rates.
Paggengers who land at Cherbourg, and do not return by the
HAVRE or COURIE respectively, can return to Southampton by
any of the South .Weste.n Company's boa s from Havre, within one
month, upa Koclus ion of their tic'et, .tnl pay in 10s.
Tickets mu-t be taken on Or befb e Satnnlay, 31st July.
Application for tickets to be made to the Supe inteadent, Water-
loo-bridge Station. By order.
ater.oo- bridge Station, July, 1858. -

(From, tke Daily News)
• Alth-nigh t 1,4, jealotvi-s and su picioni raised in
this country by the:cot:opinion of ttinworka at Cher-
bourg and their tes;:,l inanguraVon have been to a
great x ent, removed by the frailness of the Bun-
peri ir in walling England ;Arty to the festivity; and
by the readiness it wh eh the Imperial invitation
has been rack•epted, it is s ill, perhaps, necessity to
make more generarly known what he redoubtable
Chr,rhourg rea'ly is.; trr, although the English
participators in the celtb:ation may 04,ii,11y join
in it, as an expressi.rn of amity and atliance, distant
lookers-on, less awara of facts, may still half sus-
pect the presence of our Cfauft arid fleet to be a
species of either time-serving or humiliation.
In a-word, Viol, 'Cherbourg is principally a port
of refuge. Along the entire course of the Channel,
nature, which has given England two or three good
and natural harbours, has given France bet our.
We a-e dis.s itisflid with those we have, and are
spending lane sorts to form, der-pen, and protect
others. The Fr each have confined their attention
to Cherbourg, their only port iu the Channel. It
has been made a safe refuge for shipping of even
the gren esr draught by a huge breakwali r.. And
on this breakwater is concen-rated rhe principal
labour and expense of Cher lyiurg. Wheu the pie-
sent Emperor mounted the throne this bre tkwater
was completed up to the level of the water at cer-
ta'n periods of the tide. WLat Napoleon 111. lies
done is to raise it altogether above the sea, and
thus enable it to
,afford. efficient shelter and pro-
tection. BAinif this breakwater, ve-,sels can al-
ways find anchorage and safety. This, of course,
renders it useful alike in war and in peace. Tra,,iing
vessels had previously no Fre,nch harbour of re-
fuge to make for in the Channel wheu assailed by
sudden tempests. Now they have Cherhourg, rn st
conveniently situa ed between Cape Finisterre and
Havre. English and Aineri,an merchant vessels
aro now very of en indebted fir tafety t(p the facili-
ties of gettiogb pin l th, breakwater of CAerlron g. •
But the hart:our has, no doubt, even more int
portaur. advantagea in war. It enabes the Fri nch
to have a Channel fleet. Without Cheibou. 0. the
Government • f France mty, i ,deed, sen'7l as
many vessels in o the Char n-1 as may please them.
'But along the French coast they hare no such
anchorage as Spithe •d, and no such i6elter is the
Isle of Wight aff rids, except I.ehiiel Cherb-urg
breakwater. But ate we to entertain k. 41 my, or
manifest apptelien-ion, bedahse the iigui.nr, by diet
of art and money, f• rill for themselves 'irit it nattiril
has gr ar nitonsiy given us—a ha' bourin the Ottatinel
whole fleets may safely lie at anchor ? For our
par , we Think it the extreme of lot niess in those
who aspire to guide the opini ,ns of the
pubic, to oisplay j Mousy or susceptibility at the
completion. of suck a port
Then, we belii•vo aitoth .r dock has lately been
added, and lie ra lroad—inevitable fact —has been
jaw, p-ne I all tile wo, bat Yuen P tris a'.d Cher-
bourg. This railtoal has b en execut-d by English
engin-ere, with English capital. Will thw, too, be
d,,,nounctol as treason ? Are Mr: Loi aid
131asq to I,e coi,sid,,red bad patrirrs for supplying
the place of Frt nch capital and science, and waking,
no douht, large profits out of French enterprioe ?
Men of sense %Yin see nothing in their cu-operation
but a strong proof of the frat-einity of t: e two
nations, ai.d a very desirab'e community in the
enjoyments of the vast tee )urcea at the disposal of
each.

.. £3 10s. cd.
.. £5 Os. Od.

PATENT SOLID SEWAGE MANURE COM-
PAIN' (LIMITED).
NOTICE IS HEEERY GIVEN, That the Half-yearly Ordinary
Oen' ral Meetinz of the Shareholders of this Coin any will he held
at the office of the solicitors, No. 1, Copthall-buildines. London, on
310'.1 DAN, the 9th day of August nest, at one o'clock in the after-
noon precisely. - By order of the
THOS. PHIPPS, Secy.

40, Coleman-street, City, July ^.6, 1'58•

GARDEN, Mlyor.—ln a Meeting or Assemgy
of the Mayer. Aldermen. and Livery , en of the several Corn-
T anise of the City 'of London, in Common Hall assembled. at the
Gaildhall of the said City, on Saturday, the 24th day of Joly, 1.58,
A Report from the Comm'•ttse of iverymen appointed by the
Common Hall of the 15th of Aprll, 1856, continued by the Common
Rah of the 7th Juno, 18i8, to carry out the reselations and petition
agreed upon, is opposition to a bill then in ParliaM'`llt, intittiled
" A Bill for the Tletter Regulation of the Corporation of the City of
London," was delivered ilartnd
Resolved unanimously, That the report now read he rcc. ived and
adopted, and that the coannittee be r ques'ed to continue their
labours.in wktch in g any measures which may be introduced affecting
the rights and privileges of the Livery.
Resolved unan,mouany. —That the thanks of this Comthon Rail be
presAted to the It ght Sir Robert Walter Car len, Ent., SIP
Lord Mayor, for the ability and courtesy with which he has pre-
sided ever this ineet'ng. ME REM ETHER.

SPOTTISWOODE and CJ., PRINTERS,
NRW.STREET gQuasz, LON1)011,- beg to announce that for the
convenience of Members of ['Arida nent, Parliamentary Agents,
SolicitUrs, and ot'iors, they hive estsbrisheda WEST-END OFFICE
it 9, PARLIAMENT-ITREET, WESTMINSTER, NM.

- _
FP P S'S COCO A.. —EP PS, Homoeopathic
J London.—This excellent ,rdparatinii Gin be obtained
pf the principal flniccrs in and 14 lb. p icke s, la. 6d. and 9d
Each packet is labelled JASI S E P t'S. Homoeopathic Chemist,
LondOn.

-VHE EAST 'NINA TEL COMPANY, in
-F
expectation of their next f elegrambring'n • favourable news,
have reduced their qu•ita•ions for Rack or Green Tea.; to 2.. per lb ,
in 6% bags--thelowest price on re-ord. —Warehouses, 9. Great St.
13:fen's-churchyard, Bishopsgate-street.

F " T FIE SEA SIDE.
ANGOLA. SUIT., .£2 15s.
Excellence with Economy.
_
GEOItrIE Ilon,4o:sr. s'. Lombsrd•street.
EATAIThr -FIEF) 1796.

IfIO')TING, LOUNGING, or TRAVELLING,
. (4-(rmentA ad ip el 'or the above purpo.es levy be viewed
in great varb,ty, eacti being suit Able tor what iot required end ver3
oiler au in co t —IL. .1. ant I). NICOL', %Lerch .nt Clothiers end
P .letot Patentees, 114, 116, 118, 12 , Regent-street, and 22, Corn-
hill.

'llO
2 CHAR F.IVA M.D., Felow and Honorary Vce-
THE-NO.IIIVOUS ANDI DEBILIo TATEDi.
President of the Imperial kfrican In.titute of France, Corres. Mem-
her of th 3 Medical 4oc:etles of Rouen and I'eru, &c., and Resident
Physician to the, Bedlord Dis,ensary, 27, Alfred-Place Bedford-
squares London, continues" to i-sue, on receipt of six stampstamps,"lllE
OUIDE sELF-CUR
" Those about enter ng the Msrriage State should peruse Dr.
Watson's I •va`uabl.• I ttle w rk, as the adv ce he gives on health alid
disease reflects much credit upon him as a sound medical philo-
sopher."—Critic:
" l'he true Guido to those who de"irz a speedy and private cure.',
--University Magazine.
" The NEW' kMERICA.g DISCOVERY' demonstrates the ab-
surdity of the English mode of treating such co ,n
easilyregain plaints, will pr
prneove a
blessing to the afflicted, who may safely and
health by idopting tte means presented."—Evening Sun.
For Qualification, vide "Diplomas," and the " London Medical
Directory."

The bad taste and worse feeling of some of the
minor French papers, in commenting upon these
facts, are certainly blameable and irritat ng. But
amidst all their vauntings' there are feats, jea-
lousi-s, and real in.imaiions to whi .h even ttey do
not descend. Thus, in boasting of Cherbourg, the
Moniteur de la Flotte does not stoop to make a bug-
bear of Alderney. Yet In re is an island, wi'llin
eight miles of the co?st of France, in which we are
doing pretty much what the 'Ftench are doing at
Oneriuurg. We ate throwing out loog piers, and
foraliog a harbour 011.,re a tit-et may lie at en,:hor.
Within eight mile- of the nearest part of the French
coast, this fortified hr:rb .ur of Al 'army is ahout
seven-and-twenty from Cherbourg, tendering it
possible on a fine day and with a good telescope to
look into it. All this, we may led assure I, is for
the parp se of watching France, not . invading it.
But is it pleasant to be watched so claxely ? Sup-
pose there was an island within eight miles of
Brightoe, and t.verry-seven fr om Spit head. Sup-
pose thar., the French were to occupy this islaod,
fortify it, and set about building a large baritone
for an armed fleet, and not in the least useful, as
Cherbourg• certaiuly- is, for. the recep ion of mer-
chant vessels, what should we think of such alrfo-
ceeling—what t.ho Why,
we say—wiat do ?
every one knows that we should not stand it ; that
we should go-to war rather than suffer it. Yct this
is precisely the very thing. we have been doing ;
for during all the years of our entente cordiale, and
even wht:e the French and English flag s were
floating togeth-r at the Alma and befor- Seb as-
top 1, we have been incessantly spending
labour, and money on the port and for-
tifi..ations .of Alderney. We do not want
to acalse our Government, nor • to - at, p
their works. We - know not what may
happen ; but let us not foolishly and putillani-
measly discern a threat and an insult in every
military and naval precaufou of tbe French, when
things of the samerkind,
we ou, selves are doing
quire as full of suspicion and of menace, without
exciting one kat us movement or remark, even
frail the French marine press.
We recollect an excitement similar to that cot
up respecting Che bourg, caused no, in rely tip *ugh
1
England, bu - throng ,ou' Europe, bythe d.,atertui-
nation of Louis P,:ilippe to fo•iify Paris. That
ieri intot immediately
fortifieation was earl.
efface reduction of
after the events of Syria,
Mehemet Ali. The French Government and M.
the walls, ditches, arid
Yiers spent millions ou
works winch surround Paris ; and pe„pi„aid,
wit, his .0 pita thus seeare, the 'French monarch
can pour his hundreds oft housands of soldiers over
the Rhine. The case is re eity much the same as
that of Cherbourg.
B ttn. are g, eat works of de-
fence, the one wefitl in a war with Eur-pe, When
France meat send forth a million of fighting men ;
tie other in a naval war with England, when
France must wake till greater efforts. Let us
trust, as well as b lieve, that no such event‘ will
take place. Arid let us also know that great works
of defeum, wriath-r found Parts or before Cher-
bourg, 071 l not hasten their taking place. Great
kings and countries will play at soldiers and a
sail is. Let th in do so, and let us look on at their
40) t, but not tiro'igh the teles:ope of t.-rror that
exaggerates every man into a monster, and meta,
phorsiSes..,quays. into instruments of aggression.

CHERBOURG.

The Moniteicepublishes in its third page, which
is generally tet apart fur lit era. y or scientific sub-
jects, a histo•ical sketch of Cherbourg, which is
rot without interest in present cireurus'ances.
The following is, I think, a pretty fair summary:—
" °herb, urg, which occupies public attention at
this moment, is situated in the peninsula of Coten-
tin, the ancient Lower Normandy, so called from
Coot-Incas, its capital. The coteutin, which formed
part of the possessions of William the Conqueror,
became English af. er . the battle of Hastings.
Gerherat, Coon' of Cherbourg, distinguished him-
self in that b.ttle, and contributed powerfully to
the succe-s of the Normans. From the death of
William, in 1087, until the middle of the 15th
c .ntury, Cherbourg wag frequently taken by the
French and retaken by th-, English. It was finally
taken by Charles VII. the 12th • August, 1450,
after a siege of 40 days, and his never since
ceased to beloug to France. Louis XIV., finding
that the French coast on the Channel to the
extent of 125 IPaguea was unprovidid with a port
of refuge for shies of war, determined to construct
o--e equal to R eliefert t r Toulon, and appointed
a committe to select a point. The 13:h April,
1665, the comkuttee repor ecl that it would be
expedient to improve the port of Cherbourg, and
to cons-ru-t a breakwa-er of 2,400 yards in
length. Vauban subs-quently visited the coast
of Cotentin at the comm ind of Louis XIV.
He tecoinmendcal La Hogue as the most; advan-
tageous strat-oetic point to
.construct a port for
a war navy, but h 6.timittedthemerit -of Cherbourg,
and he prepared a plan for its.d.-fence signed by his
own hand, which ,s s- ill preserved at the Hotel de
Ville of taut town. Nothing more, however, was
(lane until the year 1739, when the commercial port
was formed, he qusys built, and two moles con-
s meted at the r.btrance to the canal. The war of
1744 in-errupted the works. 111 1758 Lord Howe
lauded at Cherbourg, and did not quit the town
u,til he had caused con-iclerable L uis
XVI. revived the question in 1776, but Vauban's
preference for La Hogue fount many partisans,
who would p rhapshave triutnpliel kid it notbeen
for M. de S rtine, then Minister of Marine. The
partisans of Cherbourg found a valuable ally in
Col. Darnouticz: Commander of the town, who
suliseqn,n ly became sa rem irkable during the
Republic, and on the 3d of July, 1779, a Royal
ordonanc3 commanded the construction of the fotta
Elommet and t f the island Pelee. The works of
Cherbourg exei ed attention both in France and
thringhout Eitr4.).pe, and the King in co tnissioned
Ids broth, r, the Count d'Artois, to visit them.
That Prince arrived at Cherbourg, the 22d of May,
1786, and exp- est:ed his admiration of-all be saw.
At ha end of three days he left for Versailles, and
from-the manner in which he spoke of the works
the Kmg was induced to visit the new Inaiitirne
eatablishm alt. Louis XVI. made is solemn entry
into Cherbourg the 22d of Jane, 1786, and left the
26th of the same mouth. The King examined the
works in the harhotir, as well as the def. noes and the
m
hgreatinterest. Duringhisstay
h: was wellreueived.by the authorities
c: cimv,eti
bCoiaultpgo
and by the ropulation--:ois affability, his simple
na one, a. and h:slolid informationproduc• tithe liett
effect.. The partisans of La Hogue, however, reb
mained firm, and returned to the charge in the
tear 1785. Bat they experienced an obstinate re-
eist4nce. A note exists which was addressed to
the King, the 231 of Markl, 1786, by M. Pleville
le Pellet-, in which the adiantages possessed by
Cherbourg :fie w le wined at great length, Louis

THE SARC,PHIGUS OF THE LATE DUKE OF WELLING.
nEx, the chapel in St Pea.
TOY.—On Wednesday
Cathedral in which the sarcophao3B' is placed will he
open from 11 o'clock to 6 (-xcept the hour ef afternoon
service, from 3 to 4), on pr,duction of their cord 4, to the
Foreign Ministers, member. f either House oft Par
the the Lord filmys,r Corporaiion of Lonon the
offic-rs of the army and vaiy. the direo ore of the bank,
and memb,,rs of the Royal Academy. After next week
it will be open to the public on Mondays, Thursdays,
a^d Saturdays free; on other. days on the payment 01
ed., to 1.:1:-.N.1 :f.Tl:t;; _tad

1858.

THE UNIT 'L STittge,

. .
XVI. would not abandon -Cherbourg, and he kook , _ _
the warmest interest in the works until the peiclu- —•-•-11.----._
siert of his power. The plan was cirrei hy eubse- 1 (Ft om the Times Correspondent.)
quent Governments. Tile National Asee-iibly voted' - NEW YORK, JULY 13.
Ennis for the *continuttioe of the works in 179 E, •
The President a
and 1792. From this anal 'Cabinet are now considering
peri d the works IT the
breakwater have b•-en can inued w th-eut interrup- , the:appointment of the commissioner to Paraguay
tier). The breadth of this stupendous work is 140 ' authorised by Congress. As the question of peasie
yards Tee breakwater, is not ,eztended in a: or war-will depend very much upon this officer, the
si i eight line. It is compered of two b. anches of
I Pt oident is disposed to act with cantien antl:cir-
unequal-neat)), whi•ile form an angle of 170 de- I ! •
cumspection in the selecti n. He wdlebe ace impae,
grees, of which the opening is turned towards the
i Died by a squadron, with- the Fulton as flagship,..
sOuth. A commission •appainted by M. Defies,
Minister of Marine to Naeoli•on L, deelitaad, fan under command of ConMoclors Page, and will be
the 20th of April, 1811, tea. there is anchorage in instructed to seek redress for the outrage to the
the rails of Chi bout gf,a 25 ileitis of the line in flag of the ljnitad States in firin; thea
Water
m sumer , aud- 17 in aietier. Th bi e eak water at '..
Witch and for the seizure of the . of Auieris
Cheelaturg was commenced in the year 1783, and - : ' .
finisled the 31st Decenab-r, 1853 Tee to ire cost can citizens. . .
of • the breakwater am nuts to 87,000,0001, viz., ! We have news from the army 0 z is to the 16th
31,000,0it0f. from 17838 to 1803, 8,000,000 f from - June. Taa army was to resinee h
1803 to 1830, and 28,0e0,000f. from 1830-:o 1853. day. The Mermons hal notifies ta:the General
The
annual expen-e .4 k iglus he to•e dew 'ter in
/WO the army would I'm peaceably reeei vedbxoieni.
eS'iMat':d a' 'l2 '2O Of The bre ,k water, white
is 3,712 metres long from oiie oh •nnel to the ~The General had issued a preclamation (dee lug the
other, is d tended by na oral blocks of granite. prO ectioa of the army to all pessons wishing it;
.The we ;ring of, these bl cks r, qui'es -"tuna- and it *as manifest that things were-rae idly thaw-
ally '3,000 cereal Y'illia ef - fresh b oaks. Tire ing to a head. ' -
point; eas and west ere covered by ar icfivial blocks i
composed of hydi au an a ministration i( s fair tol.eing
iVir. Bel ri 'Ad • ' • b*l ' '
lie cote, nt. E ch of hese blo- ks ' the die tit
?a) s that have for some years past da-
is 30 cu•iic metres in volume, and weighs 44.000 visaed tslei 'sr)" ne
n leers- in Oen rat American Isthmus
kilogrammes. Chetlnurg is defendeil by 'a fort
_eon eva,el(g'ctio4.ahesd by the vets 81 tnPle p. otwil.
construct doe the island of P.l e, which was coin- of swishes eqnai pro scion to all, and letting 4, he ,
ifferioed in 1783 wait fieisheef in 1(94, Fort Guisag- . ~ ;
P arena starts ii!they tee woh
;uses Fort de Querquev .11 e. Fort deer Fl Mind , Fe!' t .11'"'"IgeSu W'll.
•
du El numet, S-... Anne's Batt ry. The ou:er paet of great odds in its favour, by reason of the capital
b ins actu Ily ,ai-eil, expeeded, and now rerneue
Oh reourg was ieauguratei in the moteh of rative • but, on Vie o h-r hand, it his the eisad
August, 18.3, in presence of the E epress Matia 14. seeks •
Louiea. The floating dock was finished in 1829. t tiu ,e of being a longer lave, mid . f having,
The inner 11 )sting d ck,, now eall.-d the Dock of th on tip Atlantic and the Peeific sate, an ex-
Napo]: on 111., cost 16,000,000 f..". pelnsively consructed class ef s'e oilers to run in
cO-nesion with it. They- eirconn•tane s, th ueh
I ro•nising to the c •mf, rt and safety of the trave-
lers who t use thonslvet to this route, are - draw-
bac'es in contendieg wth lines of cheats r steamers
aiid ne railway. San Juan route, not-
withstanding the pre-tensions of M. 13,1ty, is, I
am assirvd, within alas no4rolofellr. • Vanderbilt.
EC- has the (nay tight there bet is practically werth
anwthinz—ihe right of transit thr‘mgh the San..
Jiran.- The imp.ossitrilityofe te-tructina a ship canal
by this route in such a w,,y as to be r,niurr4n+tive was
thlo-4 s Aisfactorilyd-nuons,rat ed some years ago by
a Committee selected by the laid'eg commercial
houses iif London. Whatever route is opened this
GOve nment is prepared to protest the neutrali y
of it, and to assure it all the privileges guaranteed
by the Cass-Yrissari treaty. Coining still fin thee
north, we have the Honduras rout., which is ess n_
tildly a Biitilleaceeme. The Government will loele
wi, h equal favour upon the opening of this route,
which possesses many advantages over its more
southern rivals. It will require a g• eat deal of m Inv
to get itin operation. Wirether or not that cdi be
„eve is-a clues:-ion more easily decided iu Loudon
la oi here. -Lastly, the Tehauntepec route is also
attoot to be opened as a mail roue ; this promises
to make the communication between, New Orleatis
and San Francisco several days shorter than by any
rinite !tithed , and is censequeetly favoured by the
A•lininis rat ion. With all t,,tAe ways .if travel open,
and Competing with each other, and will the tray,'
and traffic s insulated by the hire ivery.of new .El-
dorad, s iu the tin. en' al atmosphere of the 50'h pa-
rallel cf latitude, i. will not be diffic it to predict
the future desinvof ell the e oar i ies,4 V:rough which
th .y pets... H, w can flies- d s aganieed S a .es of
effeminaie belf-bree cis stand against the v,goetr ef
A.nglo-Sixon-Fil•buste ring bei d-r I ufli ins and ged
Miner. ? They mess' fall, es the reces of Itid,a tel
before the power of England, without even recu
pie atiee energy enough for a reb-.llino.
Tie S ate i.f N-w Yo k has quietly taken ihe
preparatory it ps for anoi her judo.: al revoloti u,
for it can scarcely be c gilled less hen th tt. Among
the an' s Rassed tee the- last L-gisl :tut e at the las-
moment was one mutt's:), ism., a paint a C-invention
to amend the Constitution. Those who ate opposed
io the present ju 'kid system inten 1 t , move in
this convent. n for a retu• n to the old cyst -nu, with
every prospect of sue,ess, it present signs may tae
accept-s(las propnetic. Al..ut, ad, zit, years age
Some theme- is :1 Radial Ref irmers, by a coup de
teeie, got posses inn of a popuhir Convention and
;ft-. Volti ionised the jod,cis.sy. 110-C aucetioish •
Which h,td been in eie illnstrieus II K-nt, was AO-
lislied ; the court. we e e tirely rein dell d ; ell
the ob occupants were -tu=ned our (without any
provision f a th m) by the dest ue ion of all the
offices, and tile new t 'lures were made elective and
for short terms. What the fr.tuiers of this set.eme
(whi.4l I might without touch .-x .gueration call ini-
qu't us) intended, speedily cane to pa-s
In the beginning . here was sum- sh •w ..,f ftirness
Judg,.., wiec had by their le .ruing and in egrity
pr red themselves w,rt by of their p-ests, W-re re,-
turned irrespective of_ uai ty ties. But this pie-
-mine/dal state could not I ist. The anti-rent contro-
versy sprang up between the great m nor owners
and their tenants, awl tee tenants voted for judges
who were opposed .0 etiforeitia the contrite' aof ih-
rich landlords. The rogues an-I ruffs :iv, too, soon
'found that it was an excellent thing to 'elect the
magistra•es who were to preside over their trials ;
awl before long the corrupt aced vulgar machineiy
of the "pr,mary meeting" American Coil:icy-lie
wi bout the el, gancies that sueroited that British
insitution, was aptilied dor turning out juilgest a!'
well as aldermen and members of Congress. As a
natural consequence we hare them made of the
same sort of tienb-r. The• Bench of New Yolk,
which was in the days of Chaucellor Kent an oin,-
ment 0 the c untry, has changed for the worse:
The g od ',kyle of New York have, however, an
opportunity to retrscs their steps, and set all this
right once more, by making these offices orignate
from Executive appointment, anal theii tenure dur-
ing god bebavi,.ur. The puhlic mind seems so much
dissatisfied with tee present et ite of things that a
change may he looked 1 r—a change winch will l.e
much neater a ley, lotion and much niece worthy
Of being chronicled than most of the political fesuits
which find their way into the newspaper columns
as news.
Tie visit of the 7th Regiment of the New Yotk
State Miltia to the South use excir.-d a great fee'-
tug there, and is worthy a place in the chronicle ef
news. This regiment—tlie favourite amaiag the
Militia organiz ttioss of this town—is about 1,44)0
s`-tong, composal entirely of gentlon..n and the
son-' of gentlemen and pestsoes well to do in life.
Teeir means are shown by t.:) expediti. in that has
just taken place all th' expen-,es of which, in-
ci te-lina the chartering of the vessel, were borne by
themselves.
The railroads of the country are slowly settling
themielves after the pa nic. The Michigan enrral
-make a r, port which, showing a deatease i
pease, is. regarded as favoitraele, and lie stock
consequently ailiotnees to 60. The. New York
Central had b -en the snhj et of attack I trim
"beaks," in colieeque, ce raf the unsettle I quart.. is
with the Erie ; but the itnp,ession prevails-tnat it
is a e-.dily earning its dividends, not withstanding
ceange of times and reduction of rat, s The sickly
Wes'ern roads, too, are dropping off, and purifyiun
the atruesphere by their fall. The Ohio and
Mississippi has made deftult again upon its first
mortgage bonds ; eon d es t or appear to be any
dispositien Ou the 1 art of the present owners to re-
sume p yoient till 8.-me railed scheme for capi-
talization can he carrel iiito effeee The Chicage
and elississiopi road—eow called the St.- Louis,
Alton, and Chicago" R iilroad—is perhaps the in, is i
remarkable instance of recklessness in the railway
management.. Ii has been for over two 3 eats in the
hands of the present owners ; it is earnin3 a large
sum annually abeve its working expenses. No in-
totes' is paid, no account is tend red, nor can any
Sate court be found that will c,
assist the bond 'Ol, Oilers On Veto whole, the revela-
tions made by -the panic do not iiic, ease the cin-
impel an acciiinitor
fidence in railway mortgage bonds as a securityew
that can be. enforced. I bidieve that. Font Ne
York a r
Yerk lawyers are considering the qui stion whether,.
under: the peculiar trust laws P f Nov
way mor.gage b trus-ees to
the question it
hoods can be sustained ; secure an issue (.if
and that 1 .
likely to he raised von.
sts will be ens-
I apprehendt there- is little
doubt th of wick tru.
allied. The public, however, are interealed to
these the validi y
k :ow that. they can be crew ioneft _ .
Vessels are-arriving daily from ti le West lnd'es,
and a wig eons ei„.atrine has been established.
Experience has sh,,wn thit withou
infection. t i!.. there- Id little
hope of pretecting the town from - •
-The official averages of the batiks in-the city of
New York for the past week, ending S4urclay,
July 10, present, in the aggregate, the-following
ehanies from -the pleviou.s weekly statement. of
July 3 : - -
Decrease in loans,
Increase in specie,
. Increase in eircutation,.
Decrease in untlikom ilep,.sits, - 1,274,327
• Including the exehanges through the ci atie g-
house for the eii business days since the last ave-
rage, and ineluding alse the SulaTreasery steiteititin
of Saturday afternoon, the 'following is the geu et al
ca..patizo4, wit 4 14e alibit-of the previous Week,

----
ComrmiATIVZ RACAPITULATI6N.
July 11.1857. July 10 185 Q. July 3, 1558.
Capital s63/15,000 $66 717.000 - $66,717,000
Loaus--.;.-.- .:: .. ;.- 116,028618 118 863 937 119 812 407
S -eO,
CiroUlation
Gloss deposits
EwhaTeged
Undrawu
343 - 11
Iu $1,1)-Ireasury
B,_

ASSIZE IN • ELLIGENVE.

WeSTERN CIRCUIT —Dortcristrza, .J.cly 20.,
(Before Mr. Baron C!ialdrell.)
'Times Seal vva- indicted fur the wilful murder uf
Sa-ah Ann Guppy.
We gate the case fsr the proAeenfon. in th'a
:trill oa Saturday. After cur despatgh left Por
cheater,
Mr. Csde addressed' the jury on the part of the
pr!A, nt-r, . „ ,
Mr. Siren .Channel then summed up the case.
The iocriiry was one of Ole moat important that
c su stiiitted to-the d,eision of a human oh-
bona,. It *as m i a Case of the ump trtance
the prisoner at the blr, and it %v .s impo-sib!e
eoriceal, from themselves -'that' if they fel- it their
duty to convict the prisonPreonlequ!ncs the most
-fa al mu-t be the result ; but while it was cf
poltauce to the pritiot;er, it was of equal importauce-
te the public that it a murder was cotumi'ted su
inquiry 13,,oi)11 take place, to ascer aiu who wa-f the
perpetrate. of that otieueein fevier that he might
krous4f-t CopOlgti Uutt s meet.
T fo jury r_tired at t• n -Minutes to seven, and to
turned wt.. cf. urt it feu minutes after sz:veu; eta
gave a verdict of gull y.
His Lordship then sentenced the prisoner to be-
hauged. : - -

OXFORD MOULT. —STAFFORD, JULY 24.
CIVIL COURT.
(Befere Mr. Justice Byles and a Special jury.)
.SWI.NFEN_ V -SWINFEN (SECOND nAY).
The plaintiff,. Patience Swinton, examined by
Mr. Kennedy,- taid,—l was married to Henry
Saiufeii iu 1831. Aftet our mar iage went
b Pad and travelled in various countries. • Afier
.eeieraryear,' nce ten the continent I returned
to Enoeind, and resided in diffeieut parts of Eng-
land, aed-Wales. -After being some time
in Ee Ow! there was a correspondence between
my husband and h's parents. We received an
invitation ta go to Sivinfen, but did net ge be.-ause
there we re no aperimen a furnished. 1 recollect
Meeting Mr. and Mrs. Sainfen at Bermingham, at
the Hen ant. Chitikens Inn. There wee a ree iii
ciliation: The iovitati in trgo to Swiefett was re-
n"wed. Ire 18443 I was cared noon at Weymouth
by M,s. Rowley. In 'ISIS I went to Swiefea a d
was 'rev:-iv d Ines, kindly by the old man. He said,
I. wish your moareieg to be very hanisorne;"
He deferre 1 all the arratigements fir 'the fit eral
until our at rival. Thera wes net any room et
Swinfen whi.:h I coed occupy. We resided :at the.
George Hot(1, at Lichfield., and went to S einfen in
rhe morning. He said he would incri-ass my hui-
bane'elucome to 510/. a yea-. lie ordered a tie.l-
- be.fu_nis'eed.. Mr. Swief ii pile f r the
fureiture, He mate to t p• e -ewe, and after-
wards ly daamediee 0 Id° aihendh see.
Son of or he chow:-d une tide 10.7er fi on C iptain
Ha -bet, a gent :n in • whom I had met abroad.
He said he v it like- gold, and gave it me to
yesd. [ l'he let er •was real in tie opening, and
spoke of the plainliff in the higlieeteerins, and.
ettributed her husband's r-fo mat.on..to her good
influeece, and was ex- dently writ-en with a view tn'
p-oeure a receondliat-o e] • Durieg my stay Mr.
Swinfen's healte It had a.nervous
in the aim, whice prevented hie e irving,
c irvecl, hut his was always at tee le ad of the table.
Finding him hett-r we left and welt to
France, and German". During the time, from
1848 o 1851, my husband corr sponded, wi h iris
father, and hail several testers font him. This is
dratiolit of a letter w-itten by my husband to his
tether, October 4. 185 4. Sho ti', b fere my father
wrote a letter to my llueban , pl -eingeolete money
a, hie dispesel, -o which that wa-i an answer. We
returned to S eiefeu in 1851. He said he was
tired of living alone, and would no longer do so.
ailiaaseiti he ha-I been, much imposed woe. He
a k-d his ain to look eft. r his affaiie. He said 4ie
servants robbed him. He said, " Henry, yon will
want two pairs of eyes, to a e behind as well as In
fore." We occup ed the sime rooin as tefere.
My huab end le-eau to manage the farm. He dis-
charged Mrs. Martin, her eushaild, brother-in-
law, end her son. .They were dismiss. d with the
e-uisent cif my fattier-in-law. He walked w,th
Crr at difficulty. He was g.-iierally ell erful. His
c uriph-xion wes cle r and brigl-t. My huab tzsd
&ways eo-sulted his fattier on all mat.-eta of busi-
ness. I was frequ,iitly present when he has read
le tors to him. an-I the answers which he had
pre-
pared. He Wonld•senie•imee disapprove, and the
letters ware writ en over agiin. No•ice to quit
was given in M,cheelluas, 1851, to Standley and
Gibson, b calks they wished the rcnts lowered.
The teiitat•T had tie farms revalued. Tracy re fused
to pay increased rent. T• e tenants now pay
the increased rent. My father-in-law's healih im-
proved after our return in 1851, in c eiscquence of
care being tak-n off his mind, and because he was
more comfortable. In November, 1853, I went
ro him on the stairs. He was a little frightened,
but not the least I.urt. He never complained of it
in the least. His knees had grit very weak, arid
it was thought better that he ,11 uld net leave his
room. He used so get up at 11, and go to bed at
3or 4, and latterly earlier. He g,nerally ate a
heerty diener, and (Irenk three or lour glasses of
wine. He went to bed inimediat ly after dinner.
H was cornet mes rather irritah.e. He ecca-
sionally received visi4o a in his bedroom. I
end my husband saw him several times a
day in his Ledroom. He has often talked
about the property, and that be found nothing
but some sour beer which he paid for. He said
"Thar it was in consequence ot. Mr. Francis Soda
fete's exiaavagance that -he property was lett in such
a s-ate, and that the sisteis would have heen-ell
left unproviiled foe if they had not been well mar-
ried." He said, he should take care teat the pro-
petty elrarid net g, to that branch of the family to
make du, ks aed drale. s He a ;id, •c Henry, T steod
iu the e p ; the f .miry was going demon." He said,
he had received a let sir from M- a. Francis Swiefen
asking if she should build a mansion at Lapley. He
laughed and said, "They had nothing io do with
Swinton, nor he with Lapley." He has beetle /fly
said Mi s. Francis once took Castellicci to Sw !fife"
and intrednced him as a count. He called him
Don Diego: At Christmas, 1853, a present of fieh
was sent from Mrs. Francis Swinfee, and
'
"She has done it, we may as Well 434.k)57 it'
be said his an] was to write and. than
k her. u
said, " She wrote so often she oneht•to keep a
clerk." He said, 44She wrote to say her i aatie,ditte-a
was going to be married, t io
and rain mucl.
b
diamond ring for her that he Pent her to bu.
one." I have asked him to invite members of the
family. and, after a time, he allo.
te wed_ me to invite
Lady Clifton. I wished to tan tliem a; a
declined to receive the others. Uharles Swint. n
I ha 1 not Eye, Onalles
occasion My callel.
feu neve thin four times befo e,I invited tht-na in
June, 1834. Lady Cotten did nut e ens tieeaule
she was taken ill. I have corresponded with Mrs.
Edmund Po -I(another seater). I showed tile sesta-
trr tee anseets. [One was• here read from Mrs.
Pc I.] In 1.852 I remember a will being made. My
fath w km-ow of me husband's intention to
leave me his erove.tv. Helm d• to my sin to had
a will at
.Mr. Morpeelrs, and he xnust, get it an-1
destroy it. Oti the death of my huSband I viis
left a7one with my f.st e--iti-law. Mrs. Howley
came, and I asked het to write to the family,
and te invite Mr and Mrs, Charles Swiuf n.
Before t 1,1.37 came I consulted Mr. Simpson, and
t ld him I wanted to know my'poi=i.irrri, how fail
could give orders in the house. I was afraid of
doing any tiling which might he disapproved hy
he family. He looked at my husband's wi:l.
lie
said tits prisid in was der d. For sevefal days
I 'did -n eo into my father-in-law's reoin. I
dreaded the shock, I went t.-e day blore :the
funeral. He Viol< me in his arms, and stt'd, " Mrs.
Swiefeu,• don't cry, don't cry ; Pil take care cif
yeti', Aft r that file I continued
:te visit him
daily. He used to say,l4Poor Heory." I said,
" Where is he gone to 1' and he said, 4, To Heaven,
I hope." Ho said it Poor Henry" on several occa-
sions. He also raid, " You won't leave- me, Mrs.
Swinfen T' I said, "Not if you wish me_ to stay:"
Mr. Simpson said , something about getting aerie-
b:-icly to manage.. That was after the funeral. I
made no otipeeiden ; 1 sied nothing. After the
death of his sin I did net ebaerve any failure of his
mental faculties. I will' to see him as usual. He
ra her less, I Viink. On one occasion, when
he Wig sitting by the wimiclew, he- said to Ine,
" Mrs: Swinfen,- I mean to leave you this pro-
perty," iiit;ng to the cattle grazing. 'said, It
is very kind tif you, but if you doeit will give °t
a great deal of trouble,•' W 4 at w4O E.:4.431)4'3nc
•.•

~,~