The Sun.
London, England, 1867-09-16 00:00:00

RUPTURES•-BY ROYAL LETTERS PATENT

WHITE'S MOO-MAIN LEVER TRUSS
(PERFECTED AND EXHIBITED IN THE GREAT
EXHIBITIONS of 1851 and 1862), is allowed by upwards of.
l'wo Hundred Melint Gentlemen to be the moot effective
invention in the curative treatment of a ERN lA. The use
of a steel spring, so o'ten hurtful in its effects. is here
avoided—a soft bandage being worn round the body, while
the requisite resisting power Is supplied by the Moo-Main
Pad and Patent Lever, fitting with so much ease and close-
ness that it cannot be detected, and may be worn during
sleep. A descriptive circular may be had, and th 3 truss,
which cannot fail to fit, forwarded by post, on the circum-
ference of the body, two Inches below the hips, being sent to
the manufacturer,

Mr. WHITE, 228, Piccadilly.
A Single Truss, 16g., 215., 26s 6d., and 31s. 6d Postage, 18.
A. Double Truss, 318. 6d., 425., and 525. 6d. Postaxe, ls. Bd.
An Umbilical Truss, 425. and 525. 6d. Postage, 18. rod-
post-office Orders to be made payable to John White, Post-
office, Piccadilly.
NEW PATENT

ELA STIC STOCKINGS,
SNEE-CA.PS, &0., for Varicose Veins and all cases of
Weakness and Swelling of the Legs, Sprains, ito. They are
porous, light in texture, and inexpensive, and are drawn on
like an ordinary stocking. Price 48. 6d., 7s. 6d., 105., and 166.
each. POStlige. 6d.
JOHN WHITE, Manufacturer, 223, Piccadilly.

P RIN TIN G. —TO PROPRIETORS OF
NEWSPAPERS, PERIODICALS, &c.—The Print-
ing and Machining of Newspapers, &c., done on exceed-
ingly favourable terms. Use of Editorial and Publishing
Offices, if required. Estimates forwarded on receipt of
particulars, with stamped directed envelope for reply.
Address—The Manager "Sun" Printing Offices, 3, Church-
row, Savoy, Strand, W.O.

VXHIBITORS at the PARIS EXHIBITION,
MA who ADVERTISE in " THE SUN," can have the
SERVICES of A SPECIAL AGENT in PARIS, whose
address can be obtained at " The Sun" Office. He has a
perfect knowledge of French, is also acquainted with busi-
ness, and has good connections. On application to " The
Sun" Agent in Paris, either personally or by letter, he will
obtain every possible facility for Exhibitors, or persons
who may have other business in Paris, er who may go
there for pleasure only.

HELP for the DESTITUTE SICK.—
METRO POLITAN FMK HOSPITAL. Devon-
shire-square, City. Instituted for the immediate gratuitous
Relief of the Slot Poor of every Nation and Creed, without
letters of recommendation. FUNDS are urgently needed to
maintain its efficiency.
BANKERS—Messrs. Barnett, IToares. and Co., 62, Lombard-
street. JNO. GURNEY FRY, Chairman.
GEO. CitOXTON, Secretary.

lISALTEE REISTORED WITEIOUT UEDICINE OR

EXPENSE.

1-1 U BARRY'S delicate health-restoring Inva-
lids-IL-, and Infants' Food,

y~
THE
REVAL PINTA AR ARICA
saves fifty times its cost in other remedies, and restores per-
fect digestion, strong nerves, sound lungs, healthy liver, re-
freshing sleep, functional regularity, and ;energy, to the
most disordered or enfeebled,—removing speedly and effec-
tually indigestion dyspeosi al, cough, asthma, consumption.
habitual constipation, diarrhre.a, all eas trio derangements,
hemorrhoids, liver complaints, flatulency, nervousness,
biliousness, fevers, acre throats, diphtheria, catarrhs, colds,
influenza, noises in the head and ears, rheumatism, gout,
impurities, eruptions, hysteria, neuralgia, irritability, sleep-
lessness, acidity, palpitation. heartburn, headache, debility,
dropsy, cramps, spasms. nausea and sickness even in preg-
nancy or at sea, sinking fits, bronchitis, scrofula, tightness
of the chest, pains at the pit of the stomach and be-
tween the shoulders. It is tme ost and nourish-
ing of all foods. and suitable form invaldigestibleids and infants in all
complaints.
IMPORTANT CAIITION,-13CWILTO of the many unsavoury
and more than sloppy imitations to which, without autho-
rity, Baron Liebig's n tine is most audaciously attached.
Henceforh no one will doubt the valuable pr a loperties of
Du Barry's health-restoring-restoringßevalenta Arabicnvalids'
and Infants' Food, since to the thousand 4 of blessings it has
already received from invalids whose position had been
deemed hope ess. we may now add that of his lio'iness the
Pope, whose health has been perfectly restored by it after
thirty -, ears of unsuccessful medical treatment. We quote
f om the Gazette du Midi, July 25th (Cure No. 68,413):
"Rome, July 2st, 18iii.—The heal, h of the Holy Father Is
exce‘lent, especially since, abandoning all other remedies
he has confined himself entirely to Du Barry's Revalenta
A rabica Food, of which heconsumes a p'atefial at every meal.
I has produced a surprisingly beneficial effect on his boat th,
and His Holiness cannot praise this excellent 000
Cure No. 58,216, of the Illarc•hioness de Br6han, of even
years' 1 ver complaint, wasting away, debility, nervousness,
irritability, with a nervous palpitationall over, bad diges-
tion constant sleeplessness, and the most intolerable nervous
agitation.
Cure No. 71, of dyspepsia, from the Right Hon. the Lord
Stuart de Decies, Lord Lieutenant of the County of Water-
ford :—" f have de' ived much benefit from your excellent
Food.—STUART DE DECIES. Dromana, Cappoquin, County
Waterford."
Cure No. 49,83L—0f fifty years' indescribable agony from
dyspepfia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constip
Mariaation,
L flatu-
lency, spasms, sickness, and vomiting. Joly, of ynn,
Norfolk.
Cure No. 47.121.—Mi5s Elizabeth acobs, of extr me
nervousness, indigestion, gathers,J low spirits, and
nervous fancies.
Cure No. 56,514.—Mr. Samuel Laxton, Leicester, of two
years' diarrhoea.
1' 11
4 es. Gct. ;
Food is sold in Canisters, at Is. lid. ; 11b.. 2s. 9d ;
21b.,
121 b., 225.; 241 b , 40s. 'fhe 121 b. and 241 b canis-
ters, carriage-free on receipt of Post-Office Urdu', by
BARRY DU BARRY and Co., 77, Regent-street, London ;
also at Fortnum and mason's, and told by all respectable
Cirwers and chemists,

ARMY CONTRACTS.
Tenders will be received by the Director of Con-
tracts, War Office, Pall Mall, London, until Twelve o'clock
noon on the 26th September, for the supply of
FORAGE _ _ _ _

for the use of her Majesty's Troops, stationed in the fol-
lowing places, from Ist November, 1867, to 30th April,
1868.
LONDON DISTRICT, Commissariat Office, 109,
. .

street; Westminster:-
1. Hyde Park, Kensington 3. Hampton Court.
Regent's Park, and Horse 4. Windsor.
Guards. 5. Brighton.
2. Hownslow and Kneller 6. Sandhurst.
Hall. 7. Enfield.
NORTHERN DISTRICT, Commissariat Office, Barrack-
_ _

1. Bury.
2. Sheffield.

street, Hume, Manchester :
7. Birmingham.
I 8. Coventry.

3. Preston. 9. Northanipton.
4. .Ashton-under-Lyne. 10. Weedon.
5. Burnley. 11. York.
6. Manchester. 12. Newcastle-on-Tyne.
EASTERN DISTRICT, Commissariat Office, Camp,
Colchester:-
1. Colchester.
2. Ipswich.
3. Norwich.

WOOLWICH DISTRICT, Commissariat Office, Royal
Artillery Barracks Woolwich (S.E.)
1. Woolwich.
2. S hoeburyness.
3. Warley Barracks.
4. Maidstone.
CHATHAM DISTRICT, Commissariat Offico, The

Barracks, Chatham:—
No. 1, Chatham.
SOUTH-EASTERN DISTRICT, Commissariat Office,
Camp, Shorne :-
1. Shorncliffe.
2. Canterbury.
SOUTH-WESTERN DISTRICT, Commissariat Office,
St. Thomas-street, Portsmouth :
1. Portsmouth and Hilsea.
2. Dorchester.
3. Netley.
WESTERN DISTRICT, Commissariat Office, 20, East
Emma Place, Stonehouse, Plymouth :-
1. Plymouth, Devonport, Tregantle, and Scraesdon Forts,
Maker Barracks, and Heights.
2. Exeter and Topsham.
3. Bristol and Horfield.
NORTH BRITAIN, Commissariat Office, 3, Hill-street

Edinburgh :

1. Perth.
2. Leith Forth, Edinburgh, and Piershill.
3. Hamilton.
Separate tenders must be made for each of the above-
mentioned stations as separately numbered.
Forms of tender, initialed and numbered, and conditions
of contract, may be obtained on application at the above
offices, by letter addressed to the senior commissariat officer
of the district, or in person, between the hours of ten and
four o'clock, and no tender will bo entertained unless made
upon the form so obtained.
Tenders on the printed forms must be properly filled up
and signed, and no tender will be noticed unless delivered
under closed envelope at the War-office, Pall-mall, Lon-
don, before twelve o'clock noon on the 26th September
instant, addressed to the director of contracts, and marked
outside " Tender for Commissariat Supplies."
THOMAS HOWELL, Director of Contracts.
War-office, Pall Mall (S.W.), Sept. 13. 1867.

TEE T •--Messrs. G- AB RIE L.
(ESTABLISHED 1815).
NEW PAMPHLET, FREE BY POST FOR FOUR STAMPS,
Explaining the Painless System of Dentistry, and
self-adhesive Teeth Without springs,
AT MODERATE ()BARGES.
*** 64, LUDGATE-HILL, CITY,
*4,4, 56, Harley-street, Cavendish-sqaare,
London.
*** 131, Duke-street, Liverpool.

HIE LABOUR CONGRESS AT CHICAGO.

The last mail from America brought full accounts
of the proceedings of the National Labour Congress
at Chicago. Early this year the meeting was called
for the 19th August, each of the 1,200 trade unions
being requested to send a representative. The
meeting was in every respect a failure, only 100
ds
he loewg
iant
ge
na t eit
sn din g
small,
aa
inn d o
otth, e
no r e vdeeneupe
inrtae idrscse t
in the subject. The Congress opened with ad-
dresses from the president and secretary, both men
of weight in the unions. Their exposition of the
objects to be attained were, the more extensive
formation of labour unions, the establishment of
distinct unions among the Southern negroes, a strong
and combined stand against the encroachments
of capital, the establishment of a journal to advocate
these objects, the limit throughout all the States to
eight hours of labour out of each 24, the election of
those who favour these projects, and to make poli-
tical action available for labour questions in the
next Presidential campaigns. The president was
voted a salary of $l,OOO annually, and authorised
to employ lecturers to travel over the country. The
Congress effected a permanent organisation under a
constitution, annual meetings to be held, the next
in Pittsburgh early in the ensuing May. The
eight-hour laws lately passed by four States were
denounced as frauds and shams. The delegates de-
sire the eight-hour laws to be imperative, and to be
passed by both Congress and the State Legislatures,
and they demand from the Government a gift of
$25,000,000. They require a better regulation of
the currency, as it appears to them " that money is
the medium of distribution to non-producing capital
and producing labour, the rate of interest deter-
mining what proportion of the products of labour
shall be awarded to capital for its use, and what to
labour for its productions ; the duty of Congress
being so to make money and regulate its value that
it may be a correct and uniform standard cf value,
and distribute the products of labour equitably
between capital and labour according to the service
or labour performed in their production." This is a
sufficient specimen of the political economy of the
labour Congress. A favourable report was made
on the co-operative system, but it was not heartily
received. It was decided that a delegate should be
despatched to Europe to investigate the system of
co-operation there, and by treaty or otherwise to
prevent the importation of labourers to impoverish
alike the working men of America and of Europe,

Sir,—The British Association for the Advance-
ment of Science may, or may not, be remarkable
for the number and importance of the discoveries
which it has given to the world ; but it certainly
reckons among
supporters many eminent men of
European reputation, whose names alone would
seem to guarantee the correctness and validity of
its proceedings. The association was, if I mistake
not, originally constituted for bringing together
men of science at this particular season, in order
that by mutual communication and discussion•new
facts might be developed, and the domains of
philosophy enlarged. 0f late years, however, the
genuine worshippers of science who are in the habit
of attending these gatherings have been, in a
measure, supplemented by certain worshippers of
the Golden Calf, Who seize the no less golden
opportunity afforded by these annual meetings for
thrusting their plagiarised
~ideas and pretended dis-
coveries upon the notice of the general public as
fresh-blown novelties of their own. The meeting
of the British Association is a grand advertisement
to persons of this class. Nor have they any
difficulty in promptly turning it to their advantage;
for the bulk of the people who patronise
these assemblies are for the most part in
search of amusement, or recreative instruc-
tion at most, and having so many calls
upon their attention in different ways, they
have no time to inquire into the truth or fallacy of
any particular position which is advanced, but sit
there and swallow the scientific boluses presented to
them as fast as ever the learned professors can make
them up. The consequence is that all the hetero-
geneous matter which is brought before the different
sections finds its way unchallenged into the public
papers as the true and accredited report of the
British Association.

In the report of the meeting at Dundee, in this
day's Standard, I find under the heading, "Section
B —Chemical Science," a long account of the sup-
posed new process for making chlorine, by Mr.
Walter Weldon. The substance of this new method
may be thus briefly described :-1. Chlorine is
eliminated in the usual way from black oxide of
manganese and hydrochloric acid. 2. The revidual
liquor (chloride of manganese) is decomposed by
the addition of an equivalent of lime. 3. Atmo-
spheric air is brought into intimate contact with
the resulting protoxide of manganese by blowing
through it, or otherwise, whereby the latter com-
bines with a further portion of oxygen. 4. After
draining off the soluble chloride of calcium from
this mixture, hydrochloric acid is again poured upon
the resulting, oxide of manganese, when chlorine is
evolved as before, and the above operations, and
the recovery of the ruaganese, are consecutively re-
peated as often as required. But this is not all :
Mr. Walter Weldon renders the process continuous,
and has absolutely succeeded in performing by turn
all these varied operations in one and the same
vessel. This statement comprises the entire in-
vention.

Now, in order to arrive at the value of Mr.
Weldon's discovery, let us first regard the matter as
an abstract chemical question. What is the quan-
tity of oxygen absorbed by the white protoxide of
manganese when the latter is brought into con-
tinuous contact with the atmospheric air ? Mr.
Weldon is fully alive to the importance of this
question; he knows that every thing hinges upon it,
and he informs us that the oxide most frequently
obtained by the process above described contains
(perhaps be means is equivalent to) about 65 per
cent. of binoxide. I am in a position to inform the
public most positively that such is not the case. I
have repeatedly performed very careful analyses of
the substance so prepared, and so subjected to the
action of atmospheric air, and can safely affirm that
an average of 45 per cent. is much nearer the truth
than 65 per cent. A friend of mine has the accu-
rate record of at least 50 such analyses performed
by me and another chemist to decide this very
question. But any of your readers who may be
interested in the matter can easily verify my state-
ment by repeating the experiment and analysis for
himself. So I pass on to another question, also
affecting the practical value of the said discovery.
Mr. Weldon, as above set forth, performs all
the operations named in one vessel, whereby bel
avoids all risk of loss by removal ; and, according
to his own account, effects a great saving of time.
Indeed, he states that even when operating upon the
largest scale the process may be completed within
one hour. Is Mr. Walter Weldon asleep? Is he
theorising upon the matter of which he speaks, or
has he actually performed the operation in question ?
If the latter, then upon what scale ? Was it by the
ton or cwt., or was it a mere experiment in a test-
tube or a tea cup? This statement is so utterly at
variance with my own
experience that I am bound
to ask these questions. He talks of the subsidence
of the oxide of manganese from the solution of
chloride of calcium, and drawing off. the latter solu-
tion preparatory to a fresh operation, as if it were
the easiest and quickest thing to accomplish in the
world. One would suppose he was speaking of the
precipitation of some salt of lead, or silver, or mer-
cury ; it is so very easy, and so very soon done.
Let any one add an equivalent of lime to a solution
of manganese, and he will understand the difficulty
of separating the insoluble oxide from the associated
liquor far better than any nacre description can
convey. The former will not sink more than a
.trifling distance in the body of the liquid, even after
a lapse of many hours ; and any attempt to draw the
latter off by a syphon, or otherwise, quickly causes
the oxide to follow it in a state of intimate mixture. In
fact, it is a bulky and intractable precipitate,and can
by no means be de dealt with in the off-hand manner
which Mr. Weldon would have us suppose. More-
over, the vessel which he employ s for effecting these
decompositions is a still. He declares it to be so in
his paper, and, indeed, as chlorine is to be generated
in it, it can be no other. A large leaden still, with
blown joints and seams, just as is required for this
purpose, is not so rapidly productive even when at
work ; and it will scarcely pay to lie idle during the
process of restoration. Besides what are the men
to do ? Are they to go to something else, or are
they to strike, or smoke a quiet pipe, while the
manganese is going down, and the counter affini-
ties are bracing up the elements for a fresh start?
These are very serious considerations ; but the
most serious consideration of all is that which has
been lightly touched upon already viz., that Mr.
Walter Weldon's invention is not new. It is wholly
and entirely my invention which is thus lucidly de-
scribed before the British Association. Three, four,
and five years ago I was working hard upon this
very thing, at Maidstone and elsewhere—this very
thing, identical in all its chemical details, and dif-
fering now only in a worthless mechanical adapta-
tion. I used some tons of lime, and some tons of
acid and manganese, so I think I can speak to the
point with some little confidence and knowledge;
and, more than this, I can bring forward one or two
dozen skilled artizans and respectable workmen to
attest the truth of my words—men who in various
experim ea ts. Did
I
very
this matter to
ways assisted
ssitshteend,
un
incotmhomsevicear
Mr. Weldon, that it should thus appear in a
bran new dress before the British Association ?
No! But in 1862, at the Soho Mills, at
Woburn, I did communicate the rationale of the
whole process to Mr. Townsend Hook, the well-
known proprietor of the Snodland Paper Mills,
Kent, who is Mr. Walter Weldon's partner. Per-
hags—mind, I only say perhaps—both Mr. Hook

I only refer to the fact to point to the association
and declared partnership existingbetween Mr. Hook,
to whom I had made the confidential communica-
tion of the invention at Woburn, and Mr. Weldon,
who has just brought forward the self-same in-
vention as the genuine coinage of his own brain,
before the assembled savang at Dundee. I might
intensify the inference which will naturally present
itself to the mind from a consideption of these
facts, by stating that during the two or three years
my experiments were proceeding Mr. Hook never
lost an opportunity at the monthly dinners of the
Paper Makers' Association to endeavour to elicit
information as to their progress. But I have said
enough, I think, to dispossess Mr. Weldon of his
borrowed plumage, and to show the true and real
origin of the invention which he now brings forward
with such pomp and circumstance. With all his
cleverness, he yet wants, besides the quality of
originality, .the keystone to the fabric which he
seeks to appropriate. There is something yet to be
done, Mr. Weldon, before your object is attained ;
and whether that something falls to your lot or mine
remains to be seen. One little parting precept,
however, I will venture to offer, and it is this—that
for the future you pursue a more independent and
original train of thought and of effort. It is not
unlikely to lead you on to some good and useful
results ; and, if so, it will certainly enable you, with
better promise of success, to meet the great high
priests of science in the September of the ensuing
year. ISHAM BAGGS.

'54, Chancery-lane, London, Sept. 9.