The Sun.
London, England, 1867-09-17 00:00:00

Miscellaneous Foreign News.

There appears to have been a dispute between
General Grant and Mr. Johnson on the removal of
the district commanders. By the recent Act of Con-
grems the power of superseding these officers was
taken from the President. In his veto message of
July 19 Mr. Johnson strongly urged the impolicy
of depriving him of his constitutional powers in such
matters, declaring that it would lead to official in-
subordination. He then wrote :—" It is to be feared
that these military officers, looking to the authority
given by these laws, rather than to the letter of the
Constitution, will recognise no authority but the
commander of the district and the general of the
army." It was because he thus interpreted the
law that General Grant held in abeyance
the President's orders for the removals, and
protested against the course taken by the President,
maintaining that he alone, under the Reconstr'ic-
tion Act, had power to remove the district com-
manders. A long interview with the President
seems to have had an influence on the General, in-
ducing him to give way. Grant wrote strongly
urging the President not to persist in carrying out
the order. This letter was published and gave satis-
faction to the country,
though the General's argu-
ments did not prevail. The New York Herald
says :—" General Grant has requested to be relieved
of participation in the Cabinet Councils, except
when military matters are considered, on the
grounds that it is improper for a military officer to
participate officially in
political discussions."
After the splendid reception of Admiral Farragut
at Cronstadt, the United States squadron proceeded
to Stockholm, where they were treated with great
distinction by the King
of Sweden. His Majesty,
as well as the Minister of Marine, and the Russian
Envoy, entertained the officers of the fleet at dinner
during their stay in Stockholm. The squadron has
left for Copenhagen.
It was anticipated when the Scotia left New York
on the 4th inst. that President Johnson would
shortly issue a Proclamation, largely extending the
amnesty to the Southern rebels. The subject had
been discussed at a Cabinet meeting held on the 3d
inst. The cable had, however, telegraphed the
news from New York on the morning of the 9th
September that the Proclamation bad been issued
granting a only high
general amnesty, excepting
rebel officials and persons implicated in the assassina-
tion of President Lincoln, or who maltreated
Federal prisoners during the war.
The concluding words of the telegraph message
above alluded to had much significance—Gold, 143.
Two days later, Sept. 11th, 6 p.m., under the head
of commercial intelligence at New York, gold was
quoted at 1451, and yesterday at 146. It
is well known that the specie export from
New York had almost ceased, while the
returns from California and the other mining
States gave promise of a large increase. Indeed,
the single item of intelligence that the steamer
Guidon, from Fort Benton, Montana, on the 10th
inst., had arrived at Omaha with $500,000 in treasure,
is significant of the fact that New 'York is becoming
he receptacle of
finany channels through which the
find their way. As we cannot, there-
the rise by an increased demand, it
there-
fore, o r eprecious
accountmetals
etals f r
is evident that the action of the President
has had this unfavourable influenceon the market.
Mr. Johnson seems to have set discretion aside, and
given way to the strong feelings of hostility which
the proceedings of Congress have tended so much
to intensify. General Grant has endeavoured, on
the one hand, to check the headlong career of the
President,
wrath of
on the other to soothe down the
rising of
the nation. But Mr. Johnson's
unruly temper is too strong for Grant's opposition,
and it cannot be denied that affairs in the United
States are assuming a serious aspect, of which the
rise in the price of gold is a sure index.

The removal of Generaloela
mSaitei
on of th
Sickles hasbe President.eenfollowe
followed
Inby tahnis rtantdeclaresproclamation
that the Constitution having
made him Commander-in-Chief of the army and
r
navy, and bound him under a solemn oath to pre-
serve and defend the Constitution, which vests the
national judicial power in the Supreme Court and
subordinate Courts ; and whereas impediments have
recently been imposed in North and South Carolina,
obstructing the action of the said courts, and which
unlawful proceedings will probably ba attempted
elsewhere, the President, therefore, warns all civil
and military officers to yield obedience to the laws,
and
National Couits in
exercising
powers. The Acting
Attorney-General, Mr. Brinckley, furnished an
official opinion justifying the removal of General
assistt h ei and
n Constitutional onstit sustain
ution theal
Sickles by President Johnson, on the grounds that
General Sickles had been guilty of military insubor-
dination, and had contracted the powers of the
judiciary by forcibly preventing the execution of
civil processes in the National Circuit Courts of
North Carolina.

The lion. D. A. Wells, before leaving England,
informed the U.S. Treasury department thathe would
soon return prepared with a new and improved
system of taxation, internal and external, which
will carry out the
main principles he advocated
in his finance report (but which Congress did
not endorse), to obtain a sufficient revenue for the
necessary wants of the Government, including in-
terest on the public debt, in a manner the least bur-
densome and the most just and impartial in relation
to the various industries of the countries. One great
feature of the new system will be the reduction of
a number of articles selected for taxation either by
the tariff or by excise.
To the last General Sheridan carried out his re-
moval policy. P. G.Mohan, City Comptroller, was
dismissed on charges of disloyalty, and D. P. Man-
del appointed in his stead ; the Attorney-General of
Texas has also being removed. General Grant has
ordered that no officer removed by order of a dis-
trict commander be re-appointed by his successor,
without express authority. General Pope has tem-
porarily suspended the commencement of the exer-
cises at the Augusta (Georgia)University, on
account of a disloyal speech made by one of the
students.

The registration returns from the &milt indicate
the inevitable ascendancy of negro rule. llere-
after they are to form one-half of all Southern
juries, they now hold and aspire to hold all kinds
of offices, and in skilful hands they are organising
so as to make the best use of their strength.
In many parts
negro candidates are put for-
ward for Congress. Nor do they rely alone on
a political supremacy, for it is now a known fact
that in some States they have armed in secret
societies ; and the last news informs us of a report
that the negroes in Northern Texas have left work
and gone into camp, where they are arming, and
threaten to administer the local laws themselves. In
Virginia formidable bands of blacks have been dis-

covered to exist, and a negro insurrection in Some
sections of the. South was considered so probable
that families were moving to St. Louis for protec-
tion. Nor are such reports without events proving
them not wholly untrue, for a desperate fight be-
tween the whites and blacks occurred on Thursday,
the 29th ult., at Washington, Tennessee, when the
negroes were aided by;white loyal leaguers. On the
same day, at Richmond, the police were assailed
by some negroes, and the troops ordered to be
in readiness to suppress an outbreak The regis-
tration returns give as yet the following results :
In Mississippi the negroes have 12,000 majo-
rity ; in Louisiana, over 38,000 majority ; in
Alabama over 17,000 majority ; in the city of
Charleston, South Carolina, they have 2,000 majo-
rity, while the total registry for South Carolina
gives them 13,000 majority. Virginia is the only
State that shows a white ascendancy, and this has
a white majority of about 18,000, which is owing to
the mild policy of General Schofield having induced
the Southern whites of Virginia to take part in re-
construction.

General Wade Hampton published a letter in a
Georgia paper on the 28th of August, having been
solicited by prominent citizens to express his views
as to the duty of the people of South Carolina in
reference to its reorganisation under the military
bills. He argues in a long letter, against the injus-
tice and illegality of the proposed measures, dis-
tinctly stating that the people prefer to be governed
by military rule rather than be reconstructed in the
way at present in vogue. He denies the right of
Congress to interfere with the suffrage of the State;
at the same time he counsels justice to the negroes
and a withdrawal of obstruction to impartial suf-
frage. His words are :--
"It is scarcely necessary for me to say that, entertain-
ing the views I have expressed, I think it far preferable
the State should remain in its present condition, under
military rule, than it should give its sanction to measures
which we believe to be illegal, unconstitutional, and
ruinous. It is my honest and firm belief that the volun-
tary acceptance of these measures by our people would
surely bring not only to the South, but to tho whole coun-
try, evils far greater than any we have yet suffered. The
North flushed with success, and drunk with power, may
not be able to realise this fact ; but as surely as the South
falls a victim to irresponsible and unlicensed pow6r, so
surely will the North 4ose its liberties. Ruin to the South
will react on the North, and if we aro crushed into the dust
the Northern people will see but the foreshadowing of
their own certain doom. Recognise, as an established
principle, the right of any political party that may be in
the ascendancy to fix upon all who differ with them laws
unauthorised by the Constitution of the United States, and
we shalt begin that downward career which will lead us
steadily threw confusion, anarchy, and blood, to the cer-
tain overthrow of republican institutions and free govern-
ment."

At the same time that he urges conciliation and
harmony between the races he says :
"1 deprecate universal suffrage, not only on general
principles, but especially in the case before us, because I
deny the right of Congress to prescribe the rules of
citizenship in the States. The Supremo Court bas decided
that a negro is not a citizen of the United States, and
Congress cannot reverse that decision by an Act. The
States, however, are competent to confer citizenship on
the negro, and I think it is the part of wisdom that such
action should be taken by the Southern States. We have
recognised the freedom of the blacks, and have placed this
fact beyond all probability of doubt, denial, or recall. Let
us recognise in the same frank manner, and as fully, their
political rightn also. For myself, I confess that lam per-
fectly willing to see a constitution adopted by our State,
conferring the elective franchise on the negro, on precisely
the same terms as it is to be exercised by the white man,
guarding against the abuse of this privilege by establish-
ing a slight educational and property qualification for all
classes."

The Protectionist League established in New
York, as a counterpoise to the Free-Trade League,
proposed to publish jointly a paper containing
arguments anl replies. Both sides were freely to
ventilate their opinions in the same journal, the
readers seeing the doctrines advanced and the ref u-
tation side by side. We regret that the latter League
declined the proposal, as such a paper, so original in
c-meeption, would have been a curiosity in practice.
We have some knowledge here of the heat to which
Protection versus Free Trade leads when the con-
troversy is likely to cad in practical legislation, for
the subject involves material interests of great scope.
The editor would have had a delightful task when
the quarrel began to wax fierce, and communications
to be showered in. Who would have undertaken
to hold the balance, to stand the central figure
between the ferocious combatants fiercely hitting
at each other in their blind prejudice?

By the cable we learn that the Democratic party
have carried the elections in California, and the
Republican party those in Blaine, but by a decreased
majority.

The controversy which took place in May between
the Cunard and Inman companies on Rapid Steam-
ing, has been followed during the last month by
some extraordinarypassages of vessels of the Cunard
line. The mails were brought last week by the
steamship Java, Capt. Moodie, which left llalifax
on the 30th of August, at 8.30 p.m. For the first
four days the wind was scant, and the ship received
no material assistance from her canvas. The weather
was fine and the water smooth. After this a fresh
W.S.W. gale helped her along, and the result was
an average speed to the entrance of Queenstown of
14 knots. If this is not the greatest speed ever
attained by any ocean steamer, it is, nevertheless, a
most wonderful run acres.: the Atlantic, and accom-
plished without the slightest discomfort to the pas-
sengers, the ship carrying topgallant sails during the
whole of the time she was under canvas, and never
rolling sufficiently to cause any inconvenience even
to the passengers. This ship ran a distance of
2,184 knots—viz., from the wharf at Halifax to the
Fastnet light—in 156 hours 18 minutes. This week
the Scotia has outdone herself, having brought the
mails of the 4th September from New York in eight
days seven hours. We presume these figures are
round numbers, but if the time there given be exact
the last passage of the Scotia is the fastest on
record. That vessel once made the run home in
eight days seven hours and ten minutes, and out, in
eight days four hours and 34 minutes.
The Nation may well say that the accounts of
the Indian war continue to be conflicting, incom-
prehensible, and unsatisfactory. Major Womb-
well, on the 2d of May, is reported, it says, to
have fought 3,000 Indians for three hours with 29
men, and killed 2,000 Indians, with the loss of six
men to himself, thus giving to each man an
Indian slain every two minutes and a half. Santanta,
the most formidable chief of the Cheyennes, has, ac-
cording to another account, defeated a considerable
party of Federal soldiers. The fight took place at a
point on the Republican river, and lasted three days.
Three Federal soldiers were killed, 25 wounded ; the
Federal dead being left upon the field. The Indians
captured 30 horses. From St. Louis the news is to
Aug. 30. The Montana Rangers, under General
Beem, expected to move against the Indians in a
short time. Five hundred dollars have been paid
for three Indian scalps. No tidings of the expedition
which left Fort llays, Kansas, a short time since,
have yet been received. The Postmaster, at Pres-
cott, Arizona, in a letter dated July 21, says:—
"There are probably ten Indian massacres to
to every one reported. The military force here is
not half equal to the demands, and unless some
suitable commander is appointed and can compre-
hend the true condition of the country, it is feared
many years will elapse before we will be relieved of
Indian troubles and personal danger. The country
is, however, censtautly increasing in white popula-
tion."

Mr. Dunbar, not content with his two issues of
the Globe attributing to the Treaslry most outra-
geous frauds, has come out in a third number,
making further exposures and reiterating former
charges. But Mr. 1-unbar's little game has been
played out. The newspapers of New. York took
no notice of his allegations, and they scarcely at-
tracted the most passing attention, from any one in
that city.
After Garibaldi's arrival on Sunday evening at
Geneva the Peace Congress was opened on the fol-
lowing day. The great Italian patriot who had
spent his life in arms appeared in the singularly in-
appropriate head dress worn by Quakers, the booted
and spurred man-of-war crowned with the emblem
of peace. The Congress has not been a success, Jules
Favre and Louis Blanc failing to appear, and Mon-
sieur Fazy resigning his post. Monsieur Simon
invited France and Germany to come to a good
understanding on the question of obtaining internal
liberty, with what success may be readily antici-

bated. But the most striking feature of the Con-
ference was the speech of Monsieur Lemonnier, who
maintained that the Republican system of govern-
ment alone could put an end to war. The senti-
ment was in accordance with the programme, which
asks the assembly to consider "whether the reign of
peace, to which humanity aspires as the completion
of civilisation, is compatible with those great mili-
tary monarchies which despoil the peoples of their
most vital liberties, maintain formidable armies,
and tend to suppress small States to the profit of
despotic centralisation. That the committee who
framed the programme have made up their mind on
the point is pretty evident from the second proposi-
tion in their first question—namely, is not the
essential condition of a lasting peace between
nations liberty for every people, and in the inter-
national relations of all, the establishment of a con-
federation of Liberal democracies to constitute "the
United States of Europe ?" At the conclusion of
Monsieur Lemonnier's speech Garibaldi embraced
him with great enthusiasm. The Congress closed
on Wednesday, and Garibaldi left for Ralf*, having
met a warm reception in Switzerland. He had
visited the Polish General Bossak the previous
e►ening. But the Congress did not close in peace.
The scene appeared to end in marked disunion and
had it not been abruptly terminated (if we may
judge by the confused telegrams which have reached
London), it would have broken into open war—a
strange spectacle, and a remarkable illustration of
theory versus practice.

It is announced from Montreal that during the
nomination meeting in the city on Thursday, 29th
August, the mob assaulted Mr. M'Ghee and the
other candidates. The Dragoons charged and dis-
persed the rioters, wounding 30 persons. The New
York Tribune, in allusion to this, states that the
" first nominations for members of the new Parlia-
ment were attended at Montreal with a fierce riot,
and the Liberal member would hardly have got
home alive if the police had not given him a strong
escort. They are a rather barbarous people up
there beyond the St. Lawrence, and we see little
hope for their regeneration unless they can be ab-
sorbed into the United States."

A revolution was announced from Hayti as hav-
ing broken out against Salnave, and it was reported
that Port-au-Prince was besieged. The latest intel-
ligence froth Hayti is to the 12th August, which
reports the insurrection as quelled.
King William of Prussia in person opened the
North German Parliament at Berlin on Tuesday
last. The Royal speech dwelt only on internal
affairs. Among the legislative measures promised
are reforms of postage and of weights and
measures. One of the first bills to be introduced
relates to the postal law, on which the commission
appointed for preliminary deliberation had finished
their labours and furnished their report. The
draft comprises the provisions of the postal legisla-
tions of Prussia, Saxony, and Brunswick, abolish-
ing postal compulsion. Modifications are intro-
duced in favour of private enterprise, under which
letters and packages may be forwarded. In con-
nection with this we may mention that Mr. Kasson
has arrived at Berlin, charged with a postal mission
from the Government of the United States to
London, Paris, and Berlin.
A committee is being formed to arrange the pre-
liminaries for organising a universal exhibition to
be held in Berlin next year.

THE BISHOP OF ORLEANSON THE DEATH

OF CARDINAL ALTIERI.

After alluding to the noble resolution of the
Holy Father renouncing a journey deemed most
necessary for his health, on account of the out-
break of the cholera in Rome, and the impulse
that this sacrifice gave at once to the Roman ad-
ministration, Mgr. Dupanloup goes on to say that
in one night, as it were, by the blowing of a hur-
ricane, a pestiferous wind burst over the usually
salubrious and deliciously-situated town of Albano,
and brought the cholera in all its virulence. On
one of the hills that surround the Eternal City,
crowning the horizon of the Roman Campagna,
its houses studded over it like gems in a coronet,
embosomed in a setting of green verdure, offering
a retreat from the glare and heat of the capital
about five leagues distance, the little town of Al-
bano has become the scene of desolation and
sorrow, attacked by the strange scourge which,
for the last five-and-thirty years, has by turns
visited and ravaged all the countries of Europe,
bidding defiance to all human art and science,
baffling all man's skill, and setting at nought all
earthly precaution.

One day four cases of cholera showed themselves
in Albano ; the next night a violent wind rose,
and, as if it brought the pestilential fluid in its
breath, that very night more than 100 persons were
attacked, of whom 50 died before the morning ; in
the next 48 hours 135 more had fallen victims to
the plague.

To judge of the alarm, we have only to say that
hundreds ran from the scene of horror, and fled
into the adjacent woods and neighbouring hills,
and some went as far as Rome. The sick and the
dying were in a fair way of being left unattended,
for houses were left tenantless, and many dead
bodies were found unburied some days after.
Cardinal Altieri, the Bishop of Albano, was at
this moment at Rome, where the duties of his im-
portant position detained him. He no sooner hears
the news of the disaster that had fallen upon his
diocese than, without an instant's delay, he has his
horses brought, and, calling together physicians
and nurses, and sending for his servants, calls
nobly on them to accompany him. He waits no
delay, and, starting himself at once with one valet,
leaves orders for the rest, who had the courage to
sacrifice themselves, to follow at once. his chaplain
accompanied him ; he took his will with him,
adding hurriedly a short codicil, and was soon en
route for his noble work.

. _
On reaching Albano he passed his own door, and
went at once to the scene of death, and thus going
from house to house, and street to street, he en-
couraged both those who tended the sick and those
who were sinking from the dire disease, and gave
an impulse even to those who were ready to fly
from their abodes and to neglect their relations
already attacked. lie was deeply gratified to find
the most ardent devotion on the part of all the
clergy.
Two cardinals were already at their post in the
scene of action when he arrived—Cardinal Sacconi
and Cardinal Pietro. He at once divided the town
under three heads, and each cardinal took his post
accordingly.

The Holy Father did not leave Albano without
succour. He no sooner learns the state of the
town than he sends sisters, religious, both Capu-
chins and Jesuits volunteer, and rush to the spot.
He also sends 45 Zouaves, whose conduct deserves
the greatest praise. They performed all kinds of
offices towards the dead and dying.

The Pontifical gens-d'armes rival the others in
all their painful and charitable operations.
The Cardinal Bishop continued to spend himself
unceasingly for three days and nights in the midst
of the thickest part of the malady. lie adminis-
tered remedies himself, and performed the sacred
offices of confessing and preparing the dying. lie
followed even to the graves to see that everything
should be done to his dear parishioners which
religion could command, duty impose, or charity
require. . _ _

Such devotion to so sacred a cause merited the
glorious crowning end he was so soon to go
through.
The day before his death he wrote a letter with
his own hand to the Holy Father, to thank him
for some alms he had sent to the 'chef of the sick,
and he said to his visitor :—" What a tremendous
visitation is this disease ! But in my desolation I
have much consolation, because I feel and see that
my clergy are supported by the Holy Spirit of God ;
they have none of them shrunk from the most
revolting scenes and duties. The civil authorities,
it is true, have left the town, but not one of those
who are devoted to God have shown any defection,
and by a wonderful mercy it is that every one who
has died has had time to receive the Holy Sacra-
ment, and thus I believe that this calamity will
have been a mercy. It kills the body but it saves
the soul."

The very next night, between the 10th and 11th

bit 0....

of August, he was attacked himself, and in the
morning he was in his agony. Cardinal Saccon
hastened to his dying bed, and did not leave him
till all was over. Cardinal Pietro had then the
duties of all three to perform, which he did noblY•
During the last few hours of the Cardinal Alder!,
many persons, priests, and others, came to receive
the glorious man's benediction. Among them and
foremost were found the Zouaves. He was, as
he had always been, calm and full of faith ; he
spoke a few words very simply about his death,
adding he had done his duty, and was quite haPPY
to die. He exhorted all to their duties, and esPe.
cially the priests, to devote themselves more than
ever. A friend who had seen him the evening be-
fore, returning just then to see him, said
could hardly recognize him. He asked me for the
Holy Viaticum, which was administered, and after
receiving Holy Communion his voice became veil
feeble, but with a supreme effort and great strength
of nerve he pronounced the following words :
"My God, I am a great sinner, but I know Then
art more full of mercy than I of sin. I acknow-
ledge it is a great mark of Thy grace to be called
by Thee to die thus, in the midst of so many It
°t
the flock committed by Thee to my keeping. 'lt
is true, 0 God, Thou dost strike at this women,
my poor children, but if Thou killest the bodY
Thou makest the soul to live for ever. I recom-
mend to Thee thy Vicar on earth. I bless Thee'
I recommend the College of Cardinals, the Erne citi)
pacy, and all the clergy over the world, espeeleeld
the clergy of my diocese and my poor aidieti.
people. I commend my soul into Thy hands rt-
love and confidence in Thy unending mercies.
He fell exhausted by the supreme effort ; hew,
ever he resumed his calm attitude soon again, an".
received Extreme Unction in the deepest recollee
tion and humility.
He then blessed all present, recommended cot!...
rage to them all, and at their request all kissed his
hand. At two o'clock in the afternoon the holY
man was no more.

The consternation which at first had seized 011
all who heard of their bishop's attack, now gait°
way before the deepest sorrow, and many words of
lamentation were passed from mouth to mouth.

Such is the death so simple and so noble of the
great and good Bishop of Albano.
It was a novel and touching sight to see whole
crowds of people flocking from the surrounding
heights on their way to the scene of sorrow. It
w'aa the return of the terrified and alarmed inha.
bitants, who, a few days ago, left in f ear and
trepidation the scene of death and misery, but
who now, reckless of danger, hasten back to joir
the whole living population who, collected on the
great square, before the palace of the noble cardi-
nal, waiting for the funeral bier, while no sooner
were the gates thrown open, than with one bound;
the people unharnessed the six black horses that
led their noble master's corpse, and placing them-
selves in their places, dragged in triumphant silence
the remains of the Cardinal Bishop of Albano to
their last resting place. It would be impossiblet
to describe the scene of heart-rending sorrow that
followed in the vivid expressions of the bereaved
Albanians, or to depict the look of desolation
which everyone wore, as we gazed at several of
the townspeople, who were collected in
different corners of the cemetery ; nor was it only
here. We followed some into their dwellings/ and
we heard but one eulogy. Not one but was affreteud
and afflicted by the sev ere loss God had C,O
on the town of Albano and the world in which n
was known. 11011
The cholera still continued to rage, and the
co
knots a
Father, mindful of the severe loss, sent at ounitti
another devoted servant of God, Mgr- AP°
and
Randi, who instantly answered to the appeal'
expressed himself happy at the choice Nv.il ha—
fallen on him, and at five o'clock in the
he entered the devoted city of Albano, and vr'e.
menced his work of charity as had done his P
decessor.

,noun for

The death of Cardinal Altieri is an 11°^be .as
the Church, but it is also a great loss ; fer in
one of the most eminent and remarkablementhe
the Sacred College. He belonged to one of to
first families of Rome. He was grand-neAPhSter
Pope Clement X., and his mother was a -all- ars
of Prince Xavier de Saxe. He was sixty'-W°
of age. He was a man of very high fe chug and
full of high Christian love and goodn4- manners,
simple in his life but very polished in
and with a great deal of character.
such 1, menA
contrast might be made between
and our worthy Anglican bishops, especiallYl3l°lle7
Whately, who, in his charge a few years ag°'
tinot
pressed to his clergy the utter folly of their put
themselves in the way of danger, boasting tll:er
they had no superstitious practices to adininis
at the hour of death to their dying parishi onerao
and that it was their duty rather to keep awile
from infection and danger, lest they carry it 11°111
to their wives and innocent children.