The Sun.
London, England, 1860-10-23 00:00:00

GABIBALDTS EXPEDITION.

(From the Speeinl Corr Icponflent of the Ti;ncs.)
SANTA MARIA, OCT. 15.
Things are here approaching fast towards a solu-
tion. It is, one may say, a question of days, While
here to the south Garibaldi's forces have formed a

barrier which, after the experience of a fortnight
ago, the Neapolitans will scarcely attempt to break
their heads against, the Piedmontese, approaching
from east and north, are drawing together the iron
circle out of which there is no outlet. One column
had already, two days ago, passed Foggia on its way
to Benevento and the Upper Volturno ; it has landed
at Manfredonia, and is making its way through the
plains of the Capitanata. The other, under the
personal command of the King himself, has landed
at Giulia, and has pushed forward to Pescara,
whence a branch leads into the main road from the
north through the Abruzzi into the rear of Capua.
Victor Emmanuel was to have entered his new
kingdom yesterday.
As for the Piedmontese troops landed at Naples,
they have already taken up their position in line.
One battalion has already, some days ago, been sent
to Aversa. Yesterday a battalion of Bersagliori,
the same which took part in the affair at
Caserta on the 2d, and two battalions of the Ist and
two battalions of the 2d Regiment, came up to
Santa Maria, and thence marched to St. Angelo, to
relieve a part of the Medici and Turr Divisions,
which had been on duty there ever since the Ist.
The Bixio Division came to relieve the rest of the
Turr Division at Santa Maria, where they have
had similar outpost duty since the battle of the Ist
inst.
It was high time, for this fatiguing service, in
the heavy autumnal rains, with the cold winds, the
heavy dews, and chilly mornings, was fast thinning
the ranks. For the most part in the open air, or
with but indifferent huts, constructed of branches
and straw, without camp fires at night, and with
continual alarms, it was a wonder that these young
volunteers could resist as they did.
While there were projects of an immediate of-
fensive the holding of the same lines was quite
easy, and when the first troops went up to the po-
sition on the Volturno there never was any thought
of field-works, barricades, &c. ; a few hundred men
thought themselves quite sufficient for any emer-
gency. But now that Garibaldi has given up offen-
sive operations, and is waiting the arrival of the
King and his army, ideas have changed. Every
one is more intent on the political than on the
military solution, which latter is easy enough if
the former is once accomplished.
The last doubts in this respect which sceptical
and ill•willed persons may have still entertained
must vanish before the frank declaration which
Garibaldi signed yesterday at Caserta. It is as
follows :

ITA,LY AND VICTOR EMMANITEL.
"To satisfy a wish cherished by the whole nation I, the
Dictator, decree as follows :
"The Two Sicilies, which have been redeemed by Italian
blood, and which have freely elected me their Dictator,
form an integral part of one and indivisible Italy under her
constitutional King,Victor Emmanuel, and his descendants
" On the arrival of the King I will depose in his hands
the dictatorship conferred upon me by the nation.
"The Pro-Dictators are charged with the execution of

the present decree.
" Caserta, Oct. 15. G. GARIBALDI."
After this decree both parties which have been
vieing with each other to destroy Garibaldi will see
that there is an end to their calculations. His ene-
mies will feel that in spite of all intrigues and in-
gratitude he rises higher than ever at the moment
they thought of crushing him, and his false friends
will likewise understand that his noble nature will
always find out the right way, in spite of the abuse
which is made of the sacred name of friendship to
lead him where their personal interests wish hini
to go. Indeed this time they fell into their own
snare, for the decree which I send you has been ac-
celerated by their last effort to divert Garibaldi
from the right path.
You will have heard of the late Ministerial crisis
from your Naples correspondent, but there are
some circumstances, perhaps, better known at
Caserta head-quarters than at Naples, so I mention
them in case you should not have heard them,
The decree ordering the plebiscite for the 21st was
published, and all seemed smooth, but the adverse
party had not given up hope, and began an out-
door and indoor agitation to start the idea of a
National Assembly, which should give away the
Two Sicilies with some restrictions.

Party spirit ran high, and both sides tried to do
their best to produce disorder and confusion by ill-
timed demonstrations, which were threatening to
become more and more envenomed. Fortunately a
few days before General Turr, who had to leave the
camp for ill-health, had been named commander
of the province and town of Naples, and was there
to keep things in order, which he did with great
skill.

The Pro-Dictator Pallavicini and the Ministry,
seeing this attempt, declared that they would re-
sign. A council was ordered, to which Garibaldi
came up from Caserta. Crispi, Cataneo, and their
followers explained their views tolerably plausibly,
starting from high political principles, constitu-
tional maxims, &c. The politicians of the other
side had less eloquence and oratorical skill, and
would probably have been beaten in this trial, had
not General Turr, who had likewise been summoned
to this Council, taken up the matter in his frank,
soldier-like manner, declaring that Garibaldi, after
haying two days ago sanctioned the decree which
convokes the people to vote by universal suffrage,
could not now revoke it and order assemblies ; that
therefore all eloquence and argumentation were
useless in face of such a fact. This blunt argument
had its effect, and when it was finished Garibaldi
said "The plebiscite remains as it is, Pallavicini
remains Pro-Dictator, and the sitting is over."

CASERTA, OCT. 16.
Yesterday morning two battalions of Neapolitans,
with some guns and cavalry, came out from Capua
to make a reconnaisance. They first approached
Santa Maria by the main road, occupied the Capu-
chin convent and cemetery, which are about half
way to Santa Maria, and pushed their skirmishers
forward towards our outposts. The reception which
they got from the Bixio Division seemed to satisfy
them soon enough, for they drew to their left and
turned towards St. Angelo, which was probably
their real point of "observation." They fell there
first on the Corte Brigade, with which they skir-
mished just sufficiently to allow the Piedmontese
Bersaglieri to come up and take their share. These
latter, without even much availing themselves of
their excellent firearms, charged them with the
bayonet, and threw them back with such violence
that a number of the Neapolitans were driven into
the river. The cannon of Capua opened as usual,
and the Bersaglieri came back, having lost ten men,
wounded and killed.
Garibaldi, apprised of the advance of the enemy,
went off immediately by rail to Santa Maria, and
thence by carriage to St. Angelo. But all was nearly
over when he arrived, and soon after the telegraph
announced that the Neapolitans had withdrawn.
Some letters had been taken, according to which
the Neapolitans were preparing a last desperate
blow, and great promises of money had been made
to the soldiers and officers by the King, and provi-
sions for Ll,o families of those who should fall in the
struggle. This made 0...11,e1di hasten up and give
the order to the troops at Caserta to NJ.. vaadv to
march. But the precaution was useless, and by 2
pan. Garibaldi was back again.
This morning, at 6 p.m., Garibaldi reviewed the
15th Division (Turr), which is now almost entirely
collected at Caserta. The troops were drawn up
on the esplanade before the Palace, where a few
moments before the review began Colonel Peard
t had arrived likewise with a part of the English
Brigade, which landed.yesterday at Naples. They
were thus :just in time to be reviewed by Gari-
baldi. As in his military operations, so in his re-
views Garibaldi is prompt and quick. Putting
his horse in a canter, he galloped alonr, the
ranks, and, having done this, be alighted' from
his horse, and had all the officers called up to
• form a circle round him. -When they had all
come up he said :—" My old comrades, we have
,done much in a short time, and I thank you
in the name of our country, of which you have
well these my thanks to the sol-
merited. Convey
diers under your command. Then, turning round