The Sun.
London, England, 1867-12-25 00:00:00

DEC. 21.

Mr. Thomas Barnes has this day been promoted to the
rank of Engineer in her Majesty's Fleet.
DEC. 23.

Lieutenant James Samuel Brick-well to bo a Retired
Commander in her Majesty's Fleet, under hor Majesty's
Orders in Council of 3d August, 1860, 9th July, 1864, and
24th March, 1866.
ADMIRALTY, DEC. 28.
Royal Marine Light Infantry.--The following gentle-
men have been appointed Lieutenants; —Hamilton De la
Poer Beresford, John E. Thomas, Alexander L. S. Bur-
rowes, William T. Adair, Edward E. Pyne, Henry 0. P.
Wright, Howard S. Thompson, James W. Walker, Arthur
M. E. Hayes, Henry Y. Hext, Alfred 0. Nepean, Eustaco
E. G. Bird, Henry D. Robinson, Temple K. Byam, and
Frederick A. S. Haycock.

The world is felt to totter. Some have no hope,
others look scornfully on the presence of the Em-
peror of Austria. A sovereign so illustrious,
lately so powerful, and who stands in so much
need of doing something, ought, one would think,
to have made a stir; an effort at least ought to
have been made to place up a prop in this place
or that. Nobody imagines that anything of the
kind was even thought of ; the Emperor went
about as a curious traveller, and his famous Chan-
cellor, M. de Beust, scarcely excited curiosity. We
have seen, before now, this cunning—diplomatist
in the Vaudevilles de Scribe, with his pre-occupied
ge'ant of speech, of serene mind, intent on fixing
his pin into the chain of events.

The personal qualities of Francis Joseph, the pro-
priety of his demeanour his recent misfortunes,
some presentiment, perhaps, of a future still more
melancholy, exact respect. It was shown on all
sides on his arrival and at his departure, or at
the review in places. The crowd uncovered on
his passing by. On festive occasions, where people
are always to be found to wave their hats, the usual
politeness made a little more stir. But this stir
expressed no hope, no wish, no emotion. Nothing !
nothing nothing 1 The world is dead. They who
say the contrary mistake the struggle of disso-
lution for a movement of life. The world is dead
because it is decapitated. Monarchy is dead.
All the Sovereigns who have lately visited Paris
have not brought their people with them. The
words which they have spoken at our banquets are
not as they, once were, acts, but simply opinions,
and opinions very uncertain and much disputed.
They have spoken as a kind of " president of a
section," and that is all. In former times, at the
head of every people, was a man who was the father
of his country, the expression of its faith, the sum-
ming up of its traditions, the thought which ex-
pressed its aspirations, the hand which wielded
its sword, and lastly, the noblest and the most
potent drop of its blood. When this 'llan, this
King, placed his hand into the hand of another
King, an alliance was concluded, and something
real and definite was the result from the fact that
two Powers had combined. These timbre passed.
Francis Joseph ought to feel it, and suffer more
from it than any other. He the chief of the House
of Hapsburg—he the Apostolic Emperor—he on
whom so many races depend--to see his empire
curtailed, to lose battles, to give up provinces—
to. day Milan, to-morrow Venice—these are but
slight strokes of ill-fortune. Other Kings have
suffered heavier blows, and have remained, and
retained their glory. The nation was faithful to
the King in misfortune, furnished ransom for the
King in captivity. In those days a long-forgotten
language was spoken. It was said : All is lost save
honour. But honour saved, and a faithful nation
recovered all things.

Louis of France, dying in car tivity, was as
glorious, was as much King in his coffin as when
he returned from his first crusade bearing the crown
of thrones between his hands. And on this coffin
the fidelity of the people and the fidelity of God
deposited the sovereignty of Toulouse. Less
worthy- Kings obtained no less honour. France
was faithful to Francis I. and to Henry 111. And
later, Louis XIV., old and surrounded by disasters,
was able to say, in spite of the errors of his long
reign, " I went about Paris. I laid bare my
shame and my misfortunes, and I went out followed
by an army." There was a bond of good faith be-
tween the people and the King This bond
is broken now. Misfortune dissolves all oaths ;
fidelity gives way when the troops lay down their
arms. Kings excommunicated by the decrees of
the Revolution do not re-enter into communion
with their people when fortune turns its back upon
them. Who has thus changei the peoples ?—who
has denationalized them ?

Francis Joseph, of Austria, has known, and
knows, the bitterness of such an abandonment.
He protected many crowns, but they have fallen,
together with the treaties which he had signed to
maintain them. He has seen these treaties
trampled under the feet of a wretched enemy. Ile
was also the protector of the Church. He has
seen it despoiled in his armed presence, and his
fortresses—from the heights of which he saw this
sacrilege committed—crumbled beneath his feet on
the morrow of a victory ; and his people were
not enraged—and his capital begged not to be
defended. Still young he has known many of
such bitter and heavy hours. What of splendour
remains round his throne cannot compensate for
these tortures. This prince was born unfortunate.
At the beginning of his reign, the premature off-
spring of a terrible storm, but full of hope, he did
voluntarily a great and noble act, the chief, if not
the only, thing which has to be done in our day for
the reconstruction of the world—he enlarged the
liberty of the Church. The Concordat was his
title to glory, and, as Fontana said of Napoleon,
apropos of an analogous act, " his best paper." But
this Concordat he allows the Revolution to tear
by the hands of the wretched Minister whom the
defeat of Sadowa has made him a present of ; and,
after having assisted, a too tranquil witness, at the
disasters and the spoliation of religion in Italy, he
suffers it to undergo a like treatment in his own
States. He will see it de-Catholicized ;he will act
as if he put his own hand to the work ; he will,
perhaps, sign a civil constitution for the clergy.
A prince veritably to be pitied. And his evil
star brought him to Paris at the moment when
Italy was attempting to commit its last assault
against the Church, against his mother, who had
hoped in him. This news came to him in the
midst of a feast, and it is not said that he let fall
his glass, nor that his hand trembled. But Ca-
tholic Kings were instituted to protect the Catholic
faith, and it is because they have abandoned this
supreme duty that fealty is dying out, that nations
are breaking up, that nationalities are perishing,
and that tyrants announce themselves to take the
place of Kings—who are about to disappear.--
Univers.

COURSE OF EXCHANGE.—Last Evening.

Amsterdam Short. 11 181 11 19
Ditto 3 Months. 12 Of . 12 1
Rotterdam
Antwerp — V. 35 25 40
Brussels
Hamburg — 13 91 13 10
Paris . Short 25 12f 25 221
Ditto 3 Months.2s 30 25 35
Marseilles
Frankfort on the Maine —120 i
Vienna — 12 411 12 45
Triosto — 12 40 12 45
Petersburgn. - 31i
61 632
Berlin
Madrid —48 i
`St i,4

Cadiz
Leghorn
Milan - 28 85 29 0
Genoa
Naples
Palermo
Messina,

r ADVERTISEMENT. --Holloway's Ointment. —ln bad
legs, ulcers, scrofulous sores, and glandular swellings, this
ointment operates very gently, but very surely, and with
a rapidity that resembles magic. It should be rubbed
into the parts affected after they have been fomented with
luko- warm water. The purifying and curative powers of
this marvellous unguent have never boon disputed by any
one who has given it a fair trial. It contains not a particle
of any substance of a noxious nature, nor is there a case
on record in which it has done the slightest harm, while
them are authentic reports of innumerable cures effected
by it in all countries. It is as mild in ita action as it is
powerful tend beneficial in its effects.

The Providence and Worcester Railroad Com-
pany intend to petition the Legislature at Rhode
Island, for power to increase their capital
poomo, and to construct a branch to Attlebro.
The project of constructing a new trunk rail-
road from Troy to Boston, through North Adams,
Northampton, Barre and Sterling Junction, is being
pushed ahead energetically. The citizens of Ware
had a meeting on the subject on the 2d inst., and
sent a committee to Northampton to confer with
the friends of the new route in that town.
The Northampton and New Haven railroad com-
pany have offered to build the proposed railroad
from Westfield to Holyoke on condition that Holy-
oke people will subscribe $lOO,OOO.
The first passage car ran through the Sierra
Nevada tunnel on the Pacific Railroad on Satur •
day, the 30th November •, and the 305th mile of the
Kansas Pacific Railway was accepted by the Go-
vernment on Wednesday, the 4th inst. The sur-
veying parties of the Southern Line are to meet in
San Francisco next February to decide upon the
route it is to take.

Among the large number of profitable Western
railways the following are mentioned in the West-
ern Railway Gazette :—"The Chicago, Burlington,
and Quincy Railway paid last year 20 per cent.
upon its capital stock. The Rock Island Railway,
running in competition the greater fart orthsilvay
with the 111inois-River,- has paid for the last three
years, annually, about 10 per cent.
The Illinois Central pays 7 per cent. of its gross
earnings into the State Treasury. After deducting
this 7 per cent., it leaves 10 per cent. to the stock-
holders. This is outside and distinct from its land
operations. The last annual report of this road
shows the permanent expenditure on the road
(cost) to have been $30,000,000. Its capital stock
is about $23,000,000. Its net earnings last year
were $2,602,523 13.
The Chicago, Alton, and St. Louis road cost
$10,118,521 32. Aside from this, it made perma-
nent improvements last year, amounting to 59.8
per cent. of its gross earnings. It has paid 10 per
cent. for the last three years, and in addition
has declared an extra dividend of 25 per cent.
The Toledo, Wabash, and Western Railway,
from Toledo, on Lake Erie, to Quincy, Illinois; is
counted one of the poorest paying roads in the
West. Its capital and indebtedness amount to
$20,000,000. Last year its net earnings were
$906,199 72. Aside from this, it put down sixty-
one miles of new track last year, at a cost of
$241,057 79. It built a new telegraph line at a
cost of $lO,OOO. It put on the road $211,114 92
worth of locomotives, and $43,000 worth of new
passenger cars. All this, and very much more, was
reckoned into the expenses, and was deducted from
the gross earnings, leaving the net earnings as stated
above."

The Iron Age says:—" The capital invested in
railway enterprises in the United States is some-
where near two thousand millions of dollars, and
the amount is rapidly growing larger from year to
year. The Pacific Railway will add oue hundred
and fifty millions within the next five years, and
new, lines and the extension of the present lines, will
probably add as much more to this great interest
within that time.

ANOTHER TRANS-CONTINENTAL RAILWAY. A
project is on foot to extend the Valparaiso and
Santiago Railroad across the Andes to Buenos
Ayres. There is a company formed at the latter
place, who have applied to that Government for a
charter and a grant of land upon both sides of the
track, upon which they propose to establish colonies.
They propose to cross the Andes upon the plain
known-as the Plancheon, which presents but few
difficulties that cannot be easily overcome. The
engineer of the line is Otto Van Armen, a German,
who has made the necessary surveys of the route,
which be declares are quite practicable. _

R. B. Lewis, the present chief engineer of the
Conuellsville and Southern Pennsylvania Railroad,
has recently been elected president of the Hunting-
don and Broad Top Railroad Company.
J. M. Toucey, formerly of the Hudson River
Road, has been appointed superintendent of the
Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western Railroad.
A meeting has been held in Northampton, Massa-
chusetts, to urge the plan of building a railroad
from Williamsburg to North Adams. The total
length of the proposed route is 52i miles, and will
connect with the Troy and Greenfield Road, 500
feet west of the tunnel. The estimated cost is
$2,000,003.
The contracts for grading, masonry, and bridge-
building for the Reading and Wilmington Rail-
road were given out on the 20th of November.
There were 164 bidders, and the competition
was therefore very favourable in the interests of
the company. The contrast for grading along the
whole line was let to Messrs. Wylie and Co., of
Lancaster, at the engineer's estimate, which is a
trifle over $500,000. The bridge over the Schuyl
River and Canal, at Birdsboro,' was awarded to
William Call and Co., Reading, for about $20,000.
The line is to be graded and ready for the rails, and
the bridge at Birdsboro' completed by the last day
of December, 1868. The contractors will commence
the work forthwith.
THE MEMPHIS AND LITTLE ROCK RAILROAD.—
The land agent of the Memphis and Little Rock
Railroad has filed with the Commissioner of the
General Land Office a map showing the line of road,
commencing at the town of Hopefield on the Mis-
sissippi River, and running through the counties of
Crittendon, St. Francis, Monroe, Prairie, and Pu-
laski, to the city of Little Rock, with six and fif-
teen milets laid down under the original act of Feb.
9, 1853, and also the additional five mile limits as
provided for by the second section of the reviving
act, approved July 28, 1866.
In prospect of a consolidation with the other Lake
Shore Railroads, the old Buffalo and State Line
Railroad Company (including, by recent arrange-
ment, the Erie and Northeast Railroad), have placed
their capital, from Buffalo to Erie, at $5,000,000.
This arrangement places the original investment of
the New York Central Railroad Company in the
Buffalo and State Line as worth $1,355,7.50, at the
par value of the new stock ; but as 140 per cent. is
already bid for this stock, the market value of the
$542,300 original Buffalo and State Line invest-
ment, as reckoned in the General Balance Sheet of
the New York Central Railroad Company, is really
to-day equal to $1,898,050.
The Pithole, Reno, and Oil Creek railroad was
sold at auction in Philadelphia, recently, for the
benefit of the creditors of Culver, Reno, and Co.,
for $121,000. Galusha A. Grow was the purchaser
in behalf of New York parties. The original cost
of the road was $1,053,000."

THE ATTEMPT ON TVARRINGTON GAS

WORKS.

WARRINGTON', Dec. 24.

To-day's 'Warrington Guardian announces that a
post mortem examination of the watch dog near the
gas works discloses the fact that the animal had
been poisoned.
Fourteen Irishmen have been discharged from
the gas works. Special constables are sworn in.
The Mayor has received a message from the
Home-office stating that mischief was intended by
the Fenians in the neighbourhood of Warrington,
and warning the authorities to be on their guard.
A meeting of magistrates was called, and a large
number of special constables have been sworn in.
The proceedings at the Police-court to-day have
caused great excitement in the town, and a feeling
of uueasines3 pervades the public mind.

NORWICH, Dec. 24.

A town's meeting was held at Norwich to-day
to express abhorrence of the Clerkenwell outrage,
and to support the Government in the matter.

to set about at once making the needful prepara-
tions. It may not be too late, however, to provide that
the actual force in the field shall be reduced, and the camp
followers as much as possible restricted to the narrowest
proportions. The error of the plan of the expedition
has been from the first that it was conceived on too large
a scale. This, we fear, becomes me: e apparent every
hour. Eiery fighting man drags five or six non-
effectives at his heels, and as men make horses, forage,
and commissariat supplies generally necessary, the
quantity of material to be put in motion goes
on increasing. But, whether it be possible or im-
possible to reduce the scale of the expedition, it is
essential that provision be made for the rainy season. The
Abyssinian force must not be exposed to all the powers of
the elements because we hoped it might re-embark before
the time of their fury arrived, just as the Crimean army
had to winter in the Crimea because we flattered ourselves
that we had but to appear on Russian territory and all
would be over. There is another point of no slight
importance which may be secured by our forced delay.
Our excellent Egyptian ally is zealous in rendering kind
offices, and ambitious of sharing in the honour of the
expe.liftee we, are of course grateful, but every act
he Oss-- ne: gives us at least two enemies. Egypt
and Abyssinia are constantly at war, and they were
never more vehemently opposed to one another than
during the reign of the present Viceroy. If we take
the fieldwith him at As ally, we unite Abyssinia against
us. We turn friendly tribes into unfriendly. We con-
solidate and augment the power of Theodore. Egyptian
assistance must, with the greatest gratitude, be peremp-
torily declined. If this be not done, it will be impossible
to restrict our action within the modest limits we have
prescribed. The army of invasion will be converted into
an army of occupation, and the next generation will
curse our folly in entering Abyssinia at all. That they
may not do so—that we may rescue our captives this
season if possible, but if not this season, then in the
next, and then retire, let us be wise, and wise in time.
The Morning Herald speaks encouragingly of what has
been done in the Abyssinian expedition. After mention.
ing that at the foot of the three great passes leading up to
the table-land there is healthy camping ground for the
troops and a spring of fresh water, the Herald says the
first proceeding of the commanders of the expedition
has been to take possession of these important pests, the
next to move forward to them the troops a,.s farif, as they are
landed. Weeal on the road to Kiailoor ; ITadoda, at
the foot of the Haddas Pass ; and Koomayloo Wells, at
the entrance of the pass which leads to Senaf6, are
within a few miles of each other, and at a distance of
twelve to fifteen miles only from the sea. Only a depllt is to
be left on the shore at Zulla, and this will be supplied
with water by " condensers "or stills. The highest
praise must be given to Colonels Merewether
and Phayre for the active and able manner in which they
have discharged their duties as pioneers of the force.
Whatever may have happened at Bombay, at Zulla at
least there seems to have been no hitch in the inaugural
arrangements of this somewhat perilous enterprise. If
every officer in the army acquits nimseff equally well, alj
we can say is, that the ..Anglo-Indian Governments are
well served by their officers, that the people of England is
anxiously looking on at them, and ready to applaud them
for proving themselves worthy of their race. Thinking of
our friends far off in this inhospitable Africa, bold-hearted,
with the desert behind them and the savage in- front of
them, at this Christmas time we wish them God-speed,
and pray for their success in that high and almost sacred
mission with which they have been entrusted.
In noticing the present unsettled condition of European
affairs, the Daily News observes :—A Ministerial crisis in
three constitutional countries seems to indicate an uneasy
condition of foreign affairs. In Belgium a Liberal Cabinet,
which has administered the country with vigour and
success for several years, and enjoyed the confidence of
Parliament and the nation, h is split into two sections, and
the King, after repeated endeavours to conciliate them, has
at length accepted their resignation. The present crisis will
probably be solved by a Liberal reconstruction of the
present Cabinet. In Holland the crisis is protracted by
the reluctance of the King to accept the resignation of
a Ministry which the Parliament has condemned. Hap-
pily neither in Belgium nor in Holland is the domestic
difficulty complicated by the interference of a foreign
Power. General Menabrea has served his King and
country with singular self-denial at a moment when no
public man who considered his own interests and his
reputation above his duties to the State was prepared to
accept the responsibilities of office. He has faced a storm
of obloquy and provoked the rancour of a host of adversaries
by undertaking the most weary and thankless task of re-
pairing other men's mistakes, and submitting with the best
grace to the consequences of other men's faults or follies.
Mr. Bright's oration at Rochdale furnishes the Morning
Post with a subject for a number'of pertinent remarks.
After stating that Mr. Bright is a disappointed mau, the
Post goes on to state that even the most zealous Conserva-
tive must admit that the last Reform Act is not faultless.
With regard to this Act the Post continues :—Mr. Bright,
as the still recognised leader of the advanced school of
Reformers, now states publicly in what respects it falls
short of the expectations of its projectors, or, in other
words, the further changes which it will be necessary to
effect. It is the declaration to this effect which consti-
tutes the most salient feature of the speech just delivered
by Mr. Bright : " The representation of the country is
not completed in this bill." This is a declaration which
must, under the circumstances, be accepted as tanta-
mount to an intimation that the struggle in which
Mr. Bright and his supporters have been so long
engaged is not yet terminated, and that we have reached
the end of but one stage in a crusade. Much has been
done for the borough representation, but, so far as Mr.
Bright conceives, comparatively little for the county re-
presentation, and, if we rightly construe his words, the
" hard line " which has been swept away in the towns
must equally vanish in the outlying country districts.
The point raised is one which certainly affords subject-
matter for agitation as prolonged and as bitter as that
which has just subsided. Why any distinction should
be drawn between town and country voters is a matter
which must sooner or later be solved by a na-
ton which has made such strides in the direction of
democracy as those recently made by the people of this
country.

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