The Sun.
London, England, 1858-12-03 00:00:00

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The new company who have tak en this ship in
hand during the past few weeks are composed in a
great measure of the old shareholders-.-who feel
that the commercial prospects of the undertaking
are really based on a too certainly sur cmsful foot-
ing to be thrown off with every ill-humour and
mood of dejection—united with a few other capi-
talists, who see that if the Leviathan, costing a
million, was likely to pay a dividend, much greater
would be the dividend paid by a Leviathan costing
£90,000. No time, therefore, will be lost in fitting
the ship up and getting her ready. far sea. The
first act of the new company promises well. The
shares (the whole of which arc now subscribed for)
have been taken up by people in all classes of
society, the majority of whom arc, of course, anxious
to see the property they have invested their money
in. That this natural curiosity may be fully in-
dulged in, the ship will, during the next fortnight,
be thrown open to the public inspection of all who
choose to go on board, free of charge. - After the
expiration of the prescribed fortnight, however, no
one on any pretence will be allowed to visit the
ship, so that the work of finishing the interior
fittings may be proceeded with uninterruptedly, and
be completed in about five months. For some short
time after she goes to sea the Leviathan will run
between some English port and Portland, in Ame-
rica ; but she will only be kept upon this station
just sufficiently long to convince the public of her
superior speed and safety. The real and legitimate
field for her operation will be the East India trade.
On this line, both in cheapness and rapidity, she
will be able to compete successfully with all the
existing communications with India either overland
or by sea, both for goods and passengers. Suppos-
ing her speed to be only 15 knots an hour (though
no one calculates it at less than 18 knots), she
would perform the voyage from England to India
in one month, which would establish her success
in point of speed. Being, as she certainly will be,
able to carry an enormous freight, as well as her
coals out and home, it necessarily follows that she
will be able to take all classes of goods at a much
cheaper rate than any other ship. These are self-
frident facts. • But then the question is asked,
Will there be sufficient trade, either. la goods or
Tassengers, to supply one, much less two or thrk e
such ships running every month ? A reference to
the statistics of our Indian trade sufficiently an-
swers this. Large and remunerative as is the
existing trade to the East, and valuable and costly
as are the commodities sent there, no one unac-
quainted with the subject can have any conception
of the extent to which it is capable of being de-
veloped with regular and rapid communication
such as the Great Eastern will ensure. With silk
from China and India, amounting annually to from
90,000 to 100,000 bales valued at £2,000 to £3,000
per ton; of indigo, some 150,000 maunds, valued
at from £5OO to £l,OOO per ton ; with saf-
flower, shellac, lac dye, tea, and coffee, ranging
in value from £lOO to £7OO per ton ; with shawls
and other valuable Eastern productions, a full and
a paving cargo may be insured each hcimeward
voyage, without taking into account the number of
passengers, to whom the saving in time and money
would be an object. For the outward voyage at
least there would be no doubt of securing a full
cargo. What with metal work, Birmingham and
Sheffield wares, cotton and woollen fabrics from
Leeds,, Manchester, Paisley, and Glasgow, and
haberdashery, embroidery, silks, and satins from
other pada of England, from France, and from
Germany, there is surely freight enough to fill the
Great Eastern, and many other ships besides.
With the daily increasing wants of the civilised
people in Australia, and a European army in India
of three times its former strength, together with
the inducement to European residence and settle-
ment which the extensive system of Indian railways
now in course of construction will undoubtedly
give, there can be little doubt that, With its
facilities of readily transporting to those rich fields
of industry in the East the enterprise of Europe,
there is at this moment profitable employment
for a fleet of such steamers as the Great Eastern.
The exports from England to Calcutta, Madras,
and Bombay for eleven months of 1858 were
409,957 tons of goods, valued at £12,082,584,
of which merchandise about 131,000 tons were
capable of paying £5 per ton freight. To Ceylon,
Hong Kong, and Shanghai, in the same line were
exported 57,563 tons of freight, of the declared
value of £8,584,290, of which 35,000 tons
were capable of paying £5 per ton freight,
which, with adding cargoes to Singapore, Burmah,
and a host of other Eastern ports, makes the total
export for the present year about 600,000 tons, of
the declared value of about £20,000,000 ; and of
this about 180,000 tons were capable of paying a
freight of £5 per ton and upwards. The overland
route traffic and merchandise are not included in the
above calculation. The Australian trade by the
proposed branch line, which will be carried' front
Ceylon to that remote region, will also contribute
largely to the freight of the Great Eastern. The
return freights from the Eastern ports, as shown
by the same return, are of equal extent and value,
and Would without doubt be much increased. The
rough estimated freight from the East to Europe
capable of paying (of course for the facilities afforded
by the rapid voyages of the Great Eastern) £lO to
£2O per ton is about 30,000 tons, and capable of
paying from £6 to £7 per ton 50,000 tons, if tea in
sufficient quantity could be had. That this will
soon be the case is very probable, for the tea from
Calcutta will, in a few years, form a large article
of export, and the high qualities of the tea produced
in Assam and the North-West Provinces are already
charged a high rate of freight. This year the export
of tea from Calcutta was 15,000 chests, and as soon
as order is restored throughout India, probably the
annual amount will be at least double this. 'thus,
when forty-five days is known to be the time
guaranteed by the Great Eastern for landing
goods in India and China, instead of a doubtful 80
or 90, all this trade must naturally fall to her
carriage. Thus, only calculating the probable
amount of goods and passengers which might fairly
be counted on each month, supposing her to run
Iten voyages in the year, carrying 10,000 tons, at
£5 per ton outward, would make in the year
£500,000. Homeward, 10,000 tons each voyage,
at £lO per ton, £1,000,000. Parcels out and home,
at £3O per ton, £24,000. First-class passengers,
at from £BO to £lOO each in the year, 6,000 out-
ward and 6,000 inward, £1,080,000. The same
number of second•class passengers, at from £5O to
£6O each, £660,000 ; and 10,000 third-class passen
gers outward and homeward, at £3O each, would
make the gross earnings of the ship for the year
£4,080,000 sterling. This may be supposed an
over-estimation, but it is based upon the traffic at
present existing between England and her Indian
possessions. The only question which is at all
begged is that the ship will monopolise the whole
of the trade in consequence of her great rapidity
and the cheap rate at which she will be able to
carry goods and passengers. Even supposing she
only realises one half, or indeed one quarter of the
estimated gross earnings, then it will be a fair
annual revenue for a vessel costing altogether little
over £240,000.

PRICE 4D. • STAMPED, SD.

MIDDLESEX MAGISTRATES.

At the usual meeting the Middlesex magistrates,
held at the Court-house, Clerkenwell-green, yester-
day, Mr. Pownall in the chair,
The report from the Finance and General Pur-
poses Committee stated that a loan of £20,000 had
been raised at 4 per cent. on security of the county
rate, .E 16,000 of which was to be applied to Colney
Hatch Asylum, and £5,000 to the:lndustrial School
at Feltham.

There was a motion on the paper in the name of
Mr. G. F. Young, on the subject of disputes arising
between the coroners and the magistrates about the
disallowance of fees in certain cases ; but when it
wao called, Mr. Young was not present. The chair-
man said he regretted this the more, as the atten-
tion of the court might have been called to certain
observations published by the Registrar-General,
reflecting on the magistrates in their judicial capa-
city, in dealing with the coroners.
The-CHAIRMAN also called attention to what had
taken place in reference to a claim put forth by Mr.
Wakley and a jury, to have a prisoner charged with
homicide in custody brought before them. There had
been for many years a dispute on this subject, but
in this instance a new feature had been intro-
duced. An application had been made to the Home
Secretary to order the . prisoner charged with this
murder to be produced before the coroner
and jury, and Mr. Walpole, in reply;said there was
no-objection to the prisoner's being taken before
the coroner while on the way to the police court.
The prisoner was delivered into the custody of the
police, according to the magistrate's remaad, and
on the way to the police court they took him in a
roundabout direction to the coroner's inquest, so
the responsibility was with the police, and not the
prison officers.
Mr. N. LAURIE sai4 he presumed it was not in-
tended to ask the -Home Secretary what Act of
Parliament gave hint the authority to makesuch an
order, but if he should be called upon to specify it,
the right honourable gentleman, he thought, would
be placed in a very difficult position to answer.
The Home Secretary had no power to make any
such order.

The CHAIRMAN said that in consequence of what
had now occurred, some magistrates might think
that, as a matter of course, all applications for a
prisoner to be taken before the coroner must be
complied with. It was nothilig, of the kind, and
the magistrates in performing their duty must well
weigh the matter before they acceded to any such
request.
Mr. ROBINSON said the prisoner was given up to
the police by the prison officer, in the regular way,
on the expiration of the remand, and was then taken
by the police to some place where an inquest was
being held. The prisoner was not sent there by the
magistrates, nor by their authority. They had to
keep the prisoner in legal custody, and they had-
done so.

Mr. N. LAURIE said the Secretary of State had no
authority to make such an order, and had the
man not been taken in due course before the magis-
trate there would have been an action for escape,
and were the governor to obey an order to take a
prisoner before the coroner while under a magis-
trate's committal, he would be dismissed.
Lieutenant HILL, governor of the House of De-
tention, said the prisoner was not taken to the in-
quest by any of his officers, but by the police, and
he should not have allowed him to leave the prison
if the period of the remand not expired. The same
course had been taken in the case of the foreigners
lately charged with murder.
Mr. N. LAURIE said the court had made an order
upon the subject which must be carried out. The
Secretary of State had n 9 authority to order other-
wise.

The matter then dropped.
Some ordinary matters were then disposed of,
and the court adjourned.

IRELAND.

DUBLIN, THURSDAY.
ELECTION OF MAYORS FOR 1859.

Yesterday Alderman James Lambert vas elected
to serve the office of Lord Mayor of Dublin for the
ensuing year.
CORK—John Arnot, Esq., has been elected to
serve as mayor of this city.
BELFAST—W. Ewart, Esq., jun., has been elected
to serve as mayor of Belfast.
LIMERICK—MichaeI Robert Ryan, Esq., J.P.,
was elected yesterday, by a majority of one over
Thomas Boyse, Esq. The numbers polled in the
corporation were 17 to 16.
DROGHEDA—Patrick Ternan, Esq., has been
elected mayor of this town.