The Sun.
London, England, 1858-05-19 00:00:00

LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MAY 19, 1858.

0 ASS DAY.—Epsom for ls. 6d. from London-
Bridge or Pimlico Terrainus,:up to 9.30 a.m.

F.CONOMY.—A Nine Gallon Cask of First-
Class DINNER SHERRY for 71, cask included—Cash.—
lIENEKEY, ABBOTT, and Co., 22 and 23, high Holborn. Esta-
blished 1831.

►iHE DERBY OVERCOAT, I. ss. Od.—
HOBSON'S CHOICE, 57, Lombard-street.

Established in 1796.
A suit of clothes made in a few hours' notice.

ST. JAMES'S HALL, Regent-street and Picca-
dilly. ' The CAFE and RESTAURANT which are in con-
nection with this attractive building comprise upon a similar scale
of elegance and effect numerous rooms for public and private parties
requiring refreshments, whether breakfasts, luncheons, dinners, or
suppers.
The SMOKING-ROOM, which is &fed in a manner equivalent to
the general character of every other department of this superb and
unrivalled establishment, is supplied with the periodicals and all the
novel publications emanating from Mudie's library, with all the.
papers of the day.
The department appropriated to families and ladles is replete with
every convenience and accommodation.
Wines and Spints of the highest character.
WM. DDNALD, Proprietor, 69, and 71, REGENT-3TREET.

PROVIDENT CLERKS' BENEVOLENT
FUND.
Established 1840.
Treasurer—John Abel Smith, Esq., M.P.
TRUSTEES.

Thos. Baring, Em., M.P.
Thomson Hankey, Esq., M.P.

Wm. Geo. Prescott, Esq.
Baron L. N. de Rothschild.

A PUBLIC DINNER, in aid of the above Fund, for Distressed
Clerks, their Widows, and Families, will take:place at the London
Tavern, on MONDAY, the 31st inst , at six o'clock precisely,
The Right Hon. the Earl of DONOUGHMORE,
Vice-President of the Board of Trade, in the Chair

The attendance of all persons interested in this truly philanthropic
institution is earnestly solicited.

LIST O,F STEWARDS.
Rlgllt non, Lord uverstoste.
Right Hon. Lord John Russell, M P.

James Allan, Esq
Thomas Baring, Esq, M.P.
H Wollaston Blake, Esq
W S Burton, Esq
C S Butler, Esq, M.P.
R B Byass, Esq
Hon George Byng, M.P.
D Ward Chapman, Esq
James Cook, Esq
R Algram Crawford, Esq, M.P.
James F T Dipnali, Esq
Sir James Duke, Alderman, M.P.
Duncan Dunbar, Esq
John Dyer, Esq
J M Eastty, Esq
H W Eaton, Esq
P Fairbairn, Esq
Harvie Farquhar, Eeq
C R Fenwick, Esq
Charles A Ferguson, Esq
T Quested Finnis,Esq, Ald.
J P Fischer, Esq
Matthew Forster, Esq
Edwin Fox, Esq
John Gay, Esq, F.R.C.S.
Jas. Wm. Gilbart, Esq,
Wm Thomas Goad, Esq
Grenfell Glynn, Et q, M.P.
Hy Edmund Gurney, Esq
Osgood Haubury, Jan, Esq
Robert Danbury, jun, Esq, M.P.
John Alexander Hankey, Esq
Thomson Mulkey, Esq, M.P.
Spencer Herapath, Esq
Chairman of the Committee
Tickets (one guinea each) in
Stewards, or at the Office, 15, Mom
May 1, 1558. WM.

ROYAL FREE HOS'
—The THIRTIETH AN;
of the funds of this Hospital, will
Tavern, on Wednesday, the 9th d
The Right Hon, the Ear]

His Brace the Duke of Malchester
His Grace the Duke of Northum-

berlani
The Right lion Earl Talbot
The Right lion the Earl of Brad-

ford
The Right Rev the Bishop of St

David'd
The Right Roy the Bishop of St

Asaph
The Right HonVisconot Dillon
The Rt Hon Lord Stanley, at.P,
The Earl of Lincoln, M.P.
Viscount Newport, M.P.
Lord Ashley, M.P.
Lord Burghley. M.P.
The Rt Hon Wm. Cowper, M.P.
The Rt Hon Henry Fitz Roy, M.P.
The lit Hon C Pelham Villiers,

E C Hobson, Esq
J Hodgson, Esq
G.-orge Wm Lennox, Esq
James Mack'llop, t. sq
Jas lcolmson, Esq
Alexander !Matheson, Esq, M.P.
J J Mechi. Esq, Aldetman
F D Mocatta, Esq
Robert S Moser, Esq
James M Napier, Esq
A Pasteur, Esq
George Peabody, Esq
John Penn, Esq
Wm Geo Prescott, Esq
William Ratray, Esq
Rd Ravenhill, r sq
Reginald F Remington, Esq
Abraham George Roberts, Esq
Baron L N de ltothsch ld, M.P.
Martin D R eker, Esq
Fras Wm Russell, Esq, M.P.
John Salkeld, Esq.
David Salomons, Esq, Alderman
W Scholefield, Esq, 51. P.
Samuel Scott, Esq
John Geo. Shaw, Esq, (Bristol)
W S Shuttleworth, Esq
Alfred Smee, Esq,
John Abel Smith, Esq, M.P.
Martin Tucker Smith, Esq, M.P.
Henry Wansey, Esq
Thomas Ware, Esq
Henry Willis, Esq
Robert Wilson, Esq
e, Richard Henry Jones, Esq.
ray be obtained of any of the
,rgate-street, City. —By order,
. THOS. LINFORD, Secretary.

,TITAL, Gray's-inn-road.
NIVERSSItY FESTIVAL, in aid
take place at the Freemasons'
ayof June ;
of POWIS in the Chair.
r ARDS.
W G Craven, Esq
F Dawes Danvers. Esq
Victor De Merle, Esq
Henry De Vitre, Esq
Alexander Dobie, Esq
Henry Dolan, Esq
Thomas Eacon, Esq
J Ross Farquha.sen, Esq
Henry Fryer, Esq
Francis Fuller, Lag
Frederick J Gaut, Esq
J Greatorex, Esq
Sam' Carter Hall, Esq
Edmund Halswell, Egg,
F.R.S.
Joseph Hannah, Fsq
Arthur H. Hassall, Esq., M.D.
Benjamin Head, Esq
Vice-Admiral Sir Thos, Herbert,
K.C.B.
Colonel Ouseley Higgins
John Hooper, Esq
Alfred Jones, Esq
•Captain W. H. Kennedy, Deputy
Commissary-General
Wm La retie°, Esq., Alderman
and heriff
Drury Lowe, Esq
John Masterinan, Esq, Treasurer
George Moore, Esq
rhos Marsh Nelse r, Esq
Sir Lydston Newman, Bart
Wil lam O'Connor, Esq,
Rev J Z Owen,,
R T Perkin, Esq
The Hon P Sydney Pierrepont
Wm Pritchard, Fan
J J Ruskin, Esq
William Rashleigh, Esq
B u Robinson, Lag
Alfred Sartoris, Esq
Samuel Leo Schuster, Esq
Joseph Scott, Esq
George Simpson, Esq
A It ,teele, Esq
Sir Henry J St, acey, Bart
George Waite, Esq
W E Walmisley, Esq
W H Warre, Esq
General Watkins
Jahn Watson, Esq
II S Westmacott, Esq
H W Wilberforce, t sq

M.Y.
The Hon CI II C Byng. M.P. -
The Hon It Windsor Clive, M.P.
Major-Gen Sir Win Fen kick Wil-
liams of Kars, cart, K.C.8.,
M.P.
Sir Janice Duke, Bart, M.P.
W W Bramson Beach, Esq, M.P.
Peter Blackburn, Esq, M.P.
Iteriah Botfleld, Esq, M.P.
John Brady, Esq, M.P.
T W Evans, Esq, M.P.
J W Hunt, Esq, M. P
Townsheud Mainwaring, Esq,
-The O'DOnoghtie of the Glens,
M.P.
Sir Henry C. Rawlinson, K.C.8.,
M.P.
Wm Roupell, Esq. M.P.
Sir Windham C Anstruther, Bart
W P Andrew, Esq
David Barclay, Esq
J Barned, Esq
John Bentley, Esq
Jas Bowyer, Esq
William Brinton, Esq,
Captain Sir CI N Broke, Bart
J P Bull, Esq
T Berle Browne, Esq, High
Sheriff for GleceStershire
Cot Wm Burlton, CAS.
Charles Canimell, Esq
Charles Candy, Esq
Weeden Cooke, Esq
By Order

M.A.,

S. S. SMITH, Sec.

APPETITE AND DIGESTION IMPROVED. I
LEA and PERRINS' WORCESTERSHIRE
SAUCE imparts the most exquisite relish to Steaks, Chops,
,
And all Roast Meat Gravies, Fish, Game, Soup, Curries, and Salad
And by its tonic and invigorating properties enables the stomach to
perfectly digest the food.
The daily use of this aromatic and delicious Sauce is the best safe-
guard to health.
Sold by the proprieters, Lea and Perrin, 19, Fenchurch-street,
London, and 68, Broad-street, Worcester; also by Messrs. Barclay
And Sons, Messrs. Crosse and Blackwell, and other oilmen and mer-
chants, London ; and generally by the principal dealers in sauce.
N.B.—To guard against imitations, see that the names of "LEA.
end PERRINS" are upon the label and patent cap of the bottle.

GUTTA PE RCHGAxRTDUEBssI.NG for WATERING
The GUTTA PERCHA COMPANY have the pleasure to acknow-
ledge the receipt of the following testimonial from Mr. J. Farrah,
Gardener to Boswell Middleton Jalland, Esq., of Ilolderness-house,
near Hull.
" I have had 400 feet of your Gutta Percha Tubing, in lengths of
100 feet each, with union joint, in use for the last twelve months for
watering these gardens, and I find it to answer better than any-
thing I have ever yet tried.
" The pressure of the water is very considerable, but this has not
the slightest effect on the tubing.
" I consider this tubing to be a most valuable invention for gar-
deners, Inasmuch as it enables us to water our gardens in about one-
ha'f the time, and with one half the labour formerly required.
Manufactured by the GUTTA PERCEIL COMPANY, Patentees,
18, Wharf-road, City-road, London; and sold by their wholesale
dealers in town and country.

FM,: SEC RE r INFIR %HUES OF YOUTH AND MATURITY
Just published, price Is., post free, in an Envelope, for 13 stsors,
c-2 ELF-PRESERVATION. —A Medical Treatise
on the Functions and Disorders of the Generative System.
nd on the cure of Nervows and Physical Debility, resulting
rom vicious habits acquired during the critical passage from youth
'o Manhood, wan practical observations on the Physiology of Mar-
•lage in its social, moral, and physical relations. To which are added
•emarks on the wonders of the Microscope in revealing the hidden
mysteries "of Life within Life,' and its advantages in detecting, by
urinarvexamination, the cause and effect of every variety of these
emnplaints, with numerous engravings and cases.
BY SAMUEL LI'MERT, M.D.,
37, BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON,

oatri(nlated Member of the University of Edinburgh, Honorary
Member of the London Hospital Medical Society. Licentiate of

Apothecaries' !fall, London, &c., &c. .
The essential 'object of this treatise is to point out the fearful con-
eiuences remitting from certain habits, irregularities, and excesses,
hich have produced more misery in Youth, degradation in Man-
.ood, and premature decay at all stages of life, than, perhaps, any
niter class of disease known to modern pathologists. Its perusal is
articularly recommended to persons entertaining secret doubts of
heir physical condition, and who are conscious of having hazarded
;he 11(411th, happiness, and privileges to which every human being is
entitled.

It Is absolutely necessary that all men should know that there are
p ineiples of personal management which cannot be violated with.
oit incurring grievous penalties, and when wisdom and regret suc •
caed the heyday of inconsiderate self-indulgence, how those penalties
nay be mitigated, how the sting of their bitterness may be'removed,
nd how the evil and its consequences may be avoided, and, above all,
hat there is scarcely any degree of physicAl infirmity or functional
derangement to which the timely aid of science cannot apply a cure.
Publish d by J. Allen, 20 Warwick-lane, Paternoster-row, and
.n iy be ad of Mann, 39, Cornhill ; Horne, 19, Leicester-square s
,Icrdon, 146, Leadenhall•street or from the Author, who may be
consulted daily, from i I till 2, and from 6 till 8, at his residence, 37
Bedford-square, London.

The work may be had in India, of Mr. Von Li'zky, Loll Bazaar;
C.ilcutta—Messrs. C. and J. Hormusjee, Apollo-street; Bombay—
Circulator Office ; Madras—Motussilite Office A <ra —Dodswortb;
Colombo. Ce yl and of all Roolcs.•llerf throilehout the ""monies

LEEDS MII,ICAL FESTIVAL.—It has been determined
that this festival shall commence on Tuesday, the 7th
of September, and extend over four days. Mr. Stern-
dale Bennett has been appoints' the conductor.
Eai II CDNVIOT PRlsONs.—Tbe fourth annual report
is just out. 2,277 persons of both sexes were in durance
in the Government prisons on the lst of January, 1858,
there being accommodation for 3,486 if required. Only
21 were in custody in the county and city gaols. 29
male criminals were 'entenced to transportation last
year, and 266 to penal servitude (eight for life). Eight
female convicts were transported, and 123 condemned
to penal servitude. 590 were discharged uncondition-
allo, 22 on petition, and 298 were released on "orders
of license."

THE MURDER NEAR COVENTRY.—Yesterday the ad-
journed inquest respec ing the death of a man named
Owen, whose body was found in the road at Ryton,
near Coventry, was resumed at the Blacksmiths' Arms
there, before Mr. W. S. Poole, coroner. A surgeon
deposed that the deceased died from a gunshot wound
in the neck, and gave his opinion that the gun must
have been fired from within a f )ot of the deceased. Two
men named Kimherley and Ringroe, who have bees
taken into custody on suspicion of having been con-
cerned in the crime, were present, and several witnesses
were examined. Their evidence, however, did not
directly inculpate the prisonerP. The inquest was ad-
journed, in order that further information might be
obtained.

From the London Gazette of Last Night.

WAR-OFFICE, PALL-MALL, MAY 18.
GENERAL ORDER,—No. 706.
Dated Horse Guards, S.W., May 18; 1858.
Her Majesty has been graciously pleased to command
that Col. Sir W. IL Mansfield, K.C.8., be promoted to
the rank of Major-General in the Army, in recognition of
his valuable services as Chief of the Staff in the East
Indies.

By order of his Royal Highness the General
Commanding-in-Chief.
(Signed) G. A. WETHERALL, Adjutant-General.

_
BREVET.
Brevet-Colonel Sir William R. Mansfield, K.C.8., to be
Major-General in the army.
ADMIRALTY, MAY 17.
Her Majesty has been graciously pleased by her Order in
Council of the 7th inst., to sanction officers, who accepted
retirement under the provision made by Parliament in
1845, rising to the higher grades on the Flag List accord-
ing to the seniority held by each on the List of Captains.
The undermentioned retired Rear-Admirals have, in pur-
suance of the said Order in'Couneil, been promoted to tne
rank and title of retired Vice-Admirals in her Majesty's
Fleet, with the seniorities expressed ag .inst their names :
Rear-Admiral John Thompson, 27th May, 1854.
Rear-Admiral Thomas Franere Charles Mainwaring, 11th
September, 1854.
Rear-Admiral the Right Hon. William Earl Walde-
grave, C. 8., 11th September, 1854.
Rear-Admiral John Hollinworth, 11th September, 1854.
Rear-Admiral Abel Ferris; 11th September, 1854.
Rear-Admiral Robert Merrick Fowler, 27th 0 tober, 1854.
Rear-Admiral George Henderson, 3d July, 1855.
Rear-Admiral Robert Worgan George Festing, C. 8., 4th
July, 1855.
Rear Admiral James Pattison Stewart, C. 8., 27th Sep-

tember, 1855. . _
Rear-Ad miral the Eknourable Edmund Beaten Pery Knox,

27th September, 1855.
Rear-Admiral the Right HonourableDavid, Earl of Leven
and Melville' 2ith September, 1855..,_
Rear-Admiral James Pringle, 27thS PUtaber, 1855.
Rear-Admiral George Le Geyt, C.B , 3d October, 1855.
Rear-Admiral Robert Mitford, 28th Decewbar, 1855.

Rear-Admiral Henderson Radii, 28th,December,)855,

Rear-Admiral Joseph Nec;dharia Taylor, C.D., 28th Dec.,

1855. -
Rear-Admiral Thos. Edward Symonds, 28th Dec., 1855.
Rear-Admiral Lewis Hole, 31st January, 1856.

Rear-Admiral Henry Thomas Davies, 314 January, 1856.
Rear-Admiral the Hon. Henry Dillies Byng, 31st Jan.,

1e56. _
Rear-Admiral Geo. Gustavus Lennock, 31st Jan., 1856.
Rear-Admiral Robert Gambier, 21st Oct., 1856.
Rear-Admiral Isaac Hawkins Morrison, 21st Oct., 1856.
Rear-Admiral Hwrcules Robinson' 21st Oztober, 1856.
Rear-Admiral Thomas Dick, 21st October, 1856.
Rear-Admiral William Isaac Scott, 21st October, 1856.
Rear-Admiral Bertie Cornelius Cator, 12th Nov., 1856.
Rear-Admiral Frederick Edward Vernon Harcourt, 19th

March, 18;7.
Rear-Admiral the Right Hon. Keneim Lord Somerville,
19th March, 1857.
Rear-Admiral Henry Jenkinson, 14th May, 1857. .
Rear-Admiral Edward Saurin, 14th May, 18
Rear-Admiral Arden Adderley, 14th May, 1857,
Rear-Admiral Rowland Money, C. 8., 9th July, 1857.
Rear-Admiral Sir Henry Loraine Baker, Bart., C. 8.. 9th
July, 1857.
Rear-Admiral George William Hughes D'Aeth, 9th July,
1857.
Rear-Admiral John Charles Gawen Roberts Gawen, 9th
July, 1857.
Rear-Admiral William Stanhope Lovell, Kai., 9th July,
1857.
Rear-Admiral Joseph Digby, 9th July, 1857.
Rear-Admiral Charles Wartle, K.H.. 9th July, 1857.
Rear-Admiral William Ffarington, 9th July, 1857.
Rear-Admiral James Rattray, 9th July, 1857.
Rear-Admiral Arthur Philip Hamilton,, 9th July, 1857.
Rear-A diuiral George Bentham, 9th July, 1857.
Rear-Admiral James Arthur Murray, 30th July, 185 T.
Rear-Admiral Henry Higman, 3Jth July, 1857.
Rear-Admiral George Howson, 30th July, 1857.
Rear-Admiral Augustus Baldwin, 30th July 1857.
near-Admiral Henry Colins Deacon, 30th July, 1857.
Rear-Admiral Edward Barnard, 22d August, 1857.
Reor-Admiral Wm. Bateman Dasbwood, 224 Aug., 1857.
Rear-Admiral Martin White, 22d August, 1857.
Rear-Admiral Chas. G. Rodney Phillpott, 22d Aug., 1857.
Rear-Admiral William Wolrige, 22d August, 1857.
Rear-Admiral George Brine, 10th September, 1857.
Rear-Admiral the Honourable John Gordon, 10th Sept.,

1857.
Rear-Admiral William Popham, 10th September, 1857
Rear-Admiral Robert Riddle C...rre, 10th September, 1857.
Rear-Admiral Hugh Patton, 10th September, 1857.
Rear-Admiral the Honourable Charles 01lando Bridge'

man, 10th September, 1857.
Rear-Admiral Sir Henry Shiffner, Bart., 10th Sept., 1857.
Rear-Admiral Alexander Montgomerie, 2d Oct., 1837.
Rear-Admiral John William Montagu, 2d Oct., 1857.
Rear-Admiral Wilson Braddyll Bigland, K.H., 2d Oct.,

1837.
Rear-Admiral George Cornish Gambier, 2d Oct. 1857.
Rear-Admiral Sir Charles Burrard, Bart., 4th Nov„ 1857.
Rear-Admiral Thomas Ladd l'eakre, 28th Nov., 1857.
Rear-Admiral Henry Theodosius Browne Collier, sth Jaz-

uary, 1858.
Rear-Admiral John Brenton, sth Jan., 18.7i8.
Rear-Admiral Henry Stanhope, sth Jan., 1.85‘;
Rear-Admiral John Townsend Coffin, sth January, 1858.
Rear-Admiral Edward Cut zon, C.B, sth January, .858.
Rear-Admiralea-Admiral Wm. Thorn
HenrysSmith,llClowes A,tthh
February,Jarauary 1858.,1858.
R
Rear-Admiral Richard Saumarez, 13th Feb., 1858.
Rear-Admiral James Montagu, 24th Feb., ItsB.
Rear-Admiral Alexander Dundas Young Arbuthnot, 6th
March, 1858.
COMMISSION SIGNED BY THE QIMEN.
North York Rifle Regiment of Militia—Bryan Staple-
ton, Esq., to be Quartermaster, vice Thompson, resigned.
vEen4Tnit,hihgaenpopprooußei
kietrygeoadefl
JtSioatutunhtecehsa3GBMtdei
lieFdb
saod
rol
odet s.
COMMISSIONS SIGNED BY LORDS-LIEUTENANT.
of
ftr i tsi:
Sari-
-
Own
xon bRRe
eLeggiiiemmuetenenntta, vice
Yeomanry
Cavalry—John Pierce Chamberlain Starkie, G4nt., to be
Cornet..
7th Regiment of Royal Lancashire Militia—George
Edward Gorton, Gent., to be Ensign.

SANITARY CONDITION OF THE CITY.

Dr Letheby, medical officer of health, presented
the following report to the Commissioners of Sewers
yesterday
"Gentlemen,—The Inspector's returns, which
are before you, relate to 194 houses that have been
inspected during the week, of which 64 are com-
mon lodging-houses, and I beg to submit a list of
48 places that require your orders for their sanitary
improvement.

" STATE OF THE VAULTS OF THE CITY CHURCHES.
"In accordance with your instructions, I visited
the Church of St. Butolph, Bishopsgate, on Fri-
day last, and examined the state of the public
vaults, and the mode which is adopted for heating
the church. I was accompanied on my visit by.
your engineer, Mr. Haywood, and we were of
opinion that the vault, which extends under the
graveyard, shetild be pernianantly' closed. The
coffins, which are in a very decayed state, should
be carefully arranged upon the floor of the vault,
and covered to the depth of two feet with earth. ,
The entrance, which is from the general vault
under the church, _should be bricked up ; and I
am likewise of opinion tbatsotne means should be
adopted for ventilating the vault otherwise than
into the public way. I also agree with Mr.
Granger, the Government inspector, that the pre-
sent means of warming the church by means of
hot air draWn from the vaults should be at once
abandoned, for it is fraught with danger to the
health of those who frequent the church. I speak
confidently of this matter because of the experience
which we have recently had of the pernicious ef-
fects of the vapours from these vaults on the human
system. - ,For about two...months [ have been occui• ,
pied with Mr. Granger in inspecting the vaults of
some of the City churches, and ate have found that
the emanations from the bodies have been so hurt-
ful to us that we have bean compelled to discontinue
the inspfction for nearly a month. Mr. Granger
has been affected with a sort of low fever, accom-
panied withintense nausea and great prostration of
vital power. The effects on me are somewhat simi-
lar, but, instead of nausea, there has been an in-
tractable diarrhoea ; and Dr. W. Lewis informs me
that when he was engaged a few years ago in the
same inquiry, concerning the state of the vaults in
the City churches, he was affected in a similar man-
ner, and, like us, was often obliged to discontinue
the work, and could never venture upon the in-
spection oftener than twice a week. Now, in our
cases it may be said that we are greatly seasoned
to the work ; for Mr. Granger has almost lived in
the dissecting-room for the last 30 years, and my
own occupations are frequently with putrid organic
vapours. If, therefore, these miasma can exert
such powerful effects upon us, it may readily be
imagined that they are not less injurious to the
puldic generally. The results of our inspections
up to the present time are, that in the vaults of 25
of the City churches, there are not less than 5,700
dead bodies, and this number does not include the
burials that have taken place under the aisles of the
churches. If the same proportion holds in respect of
all the City churches, there are about 16,000 corpses
beneath the pews occupied by Sunday congrega-
tions. In some cases the effluvium from the vaults
is most offensive ; for although it is the general
practice to confine the body in a lead coffin, yet
the metal gives way after a longer or a shorter
time, and there oozes out a dark, treacle-1 ke liquid
which stinks abominably, and which is, I believe,
a in' deadly poison. I have seen this escaping
from a lead coffin that had been deposited in the
vault for more than 100 years so that there is no
saying for how long a time the mischief of decay
and slow corruption may be carried on. Again,
the way in which the coffins are piled up on each
other leads to the crushing in of the lowermost
of the series when the wood decays, and then the
putrid matter is squashed out through the fissures
of the broken coffins. In many cases the vaults
are' entered by imperfectly closed traps or doors
front the general area of the church, and the vaults
are either not ventilated at all, or they are venti-
lated into the public way, so that there steams out
incessantly a poisoning vapour that may be the
c tuse of much mischief. Complaints have sometimes
been made, either by the congregation or the passers-
by, of the foul smells from the vaults, and in the for-
mer case it is generally noticed at night, when the
church is lighted up with gas, and when the warmrari-
fied sir rises out of the church and draws from the
graves and vaults the mephitic gases which have
accumulated during the week. It is true that in
most cases precaution is taken to shut in the vapours
by means of stone and cement ; but so powerful in
its action is the diffusive law of gases, that, with
all our precau ions of wood and lead and stone; the
vapours Will find an outlet, and will mix with the
surrounding atmosphere. The remedy therefore
for the evil is to divert the gases from the vaults
into a proper channel ; and by conveying them
through a shaft to a high level, they may be safely
disposed of. This has been done in the case of the
Roman Catholic Chapel in Moorfields, and, as I
hops, with public advantage. A better mode of
disposing of the remains is to arrange the coffins on
the floor of the vault, and cover them with dry lime,
or fresh earth, as has been done in the vaults of All-
hallows, London-wall; and better still, to cover all
with a layer of peat charcoal to the depth of six
inches, and to shut off all communication with the
interior of the Church. This, however, is a mat-
ter which will form the subject of a report by Mr.
Granger to the Secretary of State- for the Home
Department, and I trust that our notice of it will be
the means of remedying the evil. Whin otir in-
spections are finished—for as yet we have only seen
about one third of the City Churches—l shall sub-
mit the results to you in the form of a general
report,—l am, &c.,
"HENRY LETHEBY, M. B.
"Guildhall, May 18, 1858."

The Colombo, on the 20th, will take out 136,6771. of
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„Tan
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[PRIM 4D. S FAMPED 5°

L -INTELLIGENCE.—gay,IB.

INSOLVENT DEBTORS' COURT.
(Before Mr. Commissioner Murphy.)
IN RE JAMES HARRADINE.

This insolvent applied for bail. He was in prison
for the costs of an action he brought against Mr.
Wyld, M.P., for false imprivonment.
Mr. Sargood opposed for Mr. Wyld, M.P., and'
elicited from one of the bail (Smith) that his pro-
petty was of a different value to the amouct.re-
qu i red.
Mr. Commissioner Murphy said bail was required
in 4001. by-two persons, and refused the applica-
tion.

IN RE JOHN MOSS.
This insolvent, a horse-dealer, was opposed.by
Mr. Sargood for a farmer named Wise. •
In October-last Wise met the insolvent at Bar-
net Fair, and bought two horses for 27/. Be gave
him four sovereigns, and what he expected was a,
cheque for the balance on the London and County
Bank. It.turned oat to be an " accommodation"
bill, and was not paid.
Mr. Commissioner Murphy was clearly of opi-
nion that the insolvent had committed a fraud on
Wise, and gave a- judgment of six months' impri-
sonment. • •