The Sun.
London, England, 1867-01-17 00:00:00

M. THE LOOK.

Optional.

N. RAPIDITY OF FIRE.
Capable of firing at least 12 rounds per minute, without
aiming, the cartridges being arranged on a table.
o. ACCURACY WHEN FIRED FROM A FIXED REST.
The arm must give a mean figure of merit of not more
than 3Gin. at 1,000 yards, 30in. at 800 yards, 12in. at 500,
and 6in. at 300.
The mean to be taken u
shots each. Pon at least five targets of twenty
P. TRAJECTORY.
Not to require at 500 yards an elevation of more than 1
deg. 30 min.

Q. FOULING.
The shooting not to deteriorate more than 20 per cent.
at 1,000 yards after firing 250 rounds.

R. PEN.
The mean penetration of five shots not to be less than
that of the present service muzzle-loading Enfield Rifle--
vz., 12 half-
waterinch elm planks, which have been soaked 48
hours in .
Distance 30 yards.
s. LN.
Wax on bullets is indisUpensable,BßlCAT IO
but any other lubricant
blaY be superadded or applied to the cartridge, if thought
necessary by the competitor.
111.
No arms will be received without the usual proof marks.
:t'•-pecifications, and drawings of the methods proposed,
atinc.• the probable cost per arm, and accompanied by a
finished specimen arm, with 20 rounds of suitable ammu-
P,i„,tion, should be sent to the "Director of Ordnance, War
''lrtrr,oo' Pall-mall," on or before the 30th March, 18G7.
1, Ihe specifications and specimen arms will be considered
by the Ordnance Select Committee and its associate mem-
-;i'v.er_s, who will be selected by the Secretary of State for
and who will, after firing the 20 preliminary rounds,
:select and recommend for further trial such of the systems
',4,111,a3r appear to them sufficiently promising, rejecting all
Such as may not be considered to offer sufficient merits to
Id N:arrant their being included in the competition, the con-
it-piells of which are stated in this advertisement.
for -"ach accepted competitor will then be required
to furnish
exporim
ent at Woolwich, six arms in strict conformity
to the specimen arm submitted, with 1,000 rounds of am-
'h4l"ition per arm, within four months after date of de-
and. Each competitor will be required to disclose to the
runittoe the exact nature of the lubrication lie may em-
Ploy. A sum of £3OO will be paid to each of the accepted
tl°llll:oetiters, to cover the expense of the six rifles, and of
arnsuPPly of ammunition required.
':4 he Secretary of State offers a reward of £l,OOO for the
•_rni which, on combination of all qualities, is considered
LT the committee to be the best submitted.
;ainisecond reward of £6OO for the arm which, while at-
n. g a satisfactory degree of excellence in other particu-
4ars, is selected for merit in respect to its breech mechanism.
A. third reward of £4OO for the best cartridge. The qua-
es which will be principally taken into consideration in
awarding this prize will be economy of manufacture, power
of sustaining rough usage, freedom from deterioration in
various climates, and general serviceability.
The shooting qualities of the cartridge must be fair; but
is
they may depend upon the rifling of the arm with which
he cartridge is associated, they will not be so much con-
sidored as those above-mentioned.
It is clearly to be understood that under no circumstances
Will a competitor be entitled to more than one prize ; but
such
en prize will be irrespective of any reward which may be
service, giv to the inventor the arm finally adopted into the

IV
MAGAZINE AND REPEATING ARMS.
Magazine and Repeating Arms for Infantry will be re-
cived and examined in a manner similar to the Breech-
cading Rifles. They must not be less in length than 48
aches, including the stock.
The limit of weight for these arms is fixed at nib. ex-
clusive of the charges in the magazine.
baYonetlt is indispensable that the arms be made to take a
....The Secretary of State offers a reward of 300 for the best
magazine or Repeating Ann produced that fulfils the above
conditions ; and in the absence of experience does not at
Present define the standard of accuracy or other conditions
to be fulfilled before such an arm can be adopted.
_ Those Magazine orßepeatingArms, which are accepted
for further trial, will be paid for at the rate of £6O each.
arm,
This sum is to include 1,000 rounds of ammunition per

V. The Secretary of State will take care that no ingenious
novelty produced in answer to this advertisement shall be
adopted into the service without proper acknowledgment,
and that the name of the individual with whom it origi-
nates shall berecorded in connection with it.
If the rifle to which the first prize is awarded is adopted
Into the service it will bear the inventor's name.
J. 'ST. GEORGE, Major-General, Director
of Or;luau°
.964 Ofacis Oct. 22 1866]

RUPTURES,-11Y ROYAL LETTERS PATENT.
WHITE'S MOO-MAW LEVER TRUSS
(PERFECTED AND EXHIBITED IN THE GREAT
EXHIBITIONS ot 1851 and 1862), is allowed by upwards of
Cwo Hundred Me goal Gentlemen to be the moat effective
invention in the curative treatment ot HERNIA. The use
of a steel spring, so o: ten hurtful in its effelts, is hete
avoided- a sot t bindage heing worn round the body, while
the requisite reiisting, power i ; supplied by the Moo-Main
Pad and Patent Lev,r. fitting with so nuch ease and close-
ness that it cannot be detected, and may be worn during
;leer). A descriptive circular may be 119,11, end ill. truss,
which cannot fail to fit, forwarded by post; on the circum-
erence of the body, two inches below the hips, being sent to
the manufactuter,

Mr. WHITE. 228, Piccadilly.
A Sim/le Truss, Vs., 215., Nis 64., and 31s. 64 Poktage, 10.
A. Double Truss, 31s. 64., 425., an 1 525. 6d. Postage, Is. 841.
An Umbilical Truss, 429. and 525. 61 P:stage, is. 10d.
Post-office Orders to be made payable to John White. Post-
office, Piccadilly.

NEW PATENT
LASTIC STOCKINGS,
2.1 KNEE-CAPS, &a, for Varicose Veins and all cases ut
Weakness and Swelling or the Legs, -prains, a. They are
porous, light in texture, and inexpen,ive, and are drawn on
ike an ordinary stocking. Prim 4s. 6d., 78. 6d., 10s. and 16s.
each. Postage, ed.

JO N WHIT 2, :Irv" le a c hirer, 228, Nand Illy.

'NOTHING IMPOSSIBLE.—The greatest and
1 mos t usef all avention of the day, AGUA AMA KELL A.
pi'esers. JOHN GOSNELL and ed Bull Wharf, 93,
Pper Thames-street Perfumers to CO.,'her Majesty, respect-
fully offer to the public this truly marvellous flat 1, which
gradually restores tna human hair to its pristine hue -no
clatter at what age. The Ages Amarella has none of the
Properties of dyes ' • it, on the contrary, is beneficial to the
"stela, and when the hair is once restored one application
per
month wilt keep it in perfect colour. Price one guinea per
bottle. or in half bottles. 10s. 61. Testimonials from artistes
of the highest order. and from individuals of undoubted re-
71Peo scnt ea lbl I 11tands C a mayha vb: seen on application. Messrs. John
been appointed Perfumers to her Royal
Highness the Prinoess of Wales.

WHAT IS YOUItEST AND WHAT IS
YOUR MOTTO?
Send 3s. 6d. to CULLETON'S heraldic Office for a
Plain Sketch, or 6s. for a Coloured one. The Arms of
man and wife blended together in proper heraldic form.
The proper heraldic Colours for servants' liver!es, what
buttons to be used, and how the carriage should be painted,
fee 10s. Just complete, a very valuable book, with 3,500
Engravings, arms, crests, and mottoes of nearly every
family in the kingdom, the result of thirty years' labour,
price .£lO lOs printed in several colours. Family Pedi-
grees traced illom authentic records, information as to the
obtaining of a new grant of arms, how to change one's
name, by T. Culleton, Engraver to her Majesty and Royal
family ; also Diesinker to the Board of Trade, 25, Oran-
bourn-street (corner of St. Martin's-lane), W.O.

HOMELESS BOYS OF LONDON.—FUNDS
are earnestly solicited for fitting up the TRAINING
SHIP. £2,n00 required.

Buys' Refuge, 8, WM. WLLIA.MS, Secretary. Great Queen-streetI,
W.O.

OMELESS BOYS OF LONDON.-CON-
TR IBUTIONS are earnestly solicited for establishing
;he COUNTRY' HOME. £l,OOO required.
WM. WILLI k MS, Secretary.
Poya' Ref ug'e, 8, Great Queen-street, W.C.

HOMELESS BOYS OF LONDON. The
Committee are most anxious to provide for 400 boys.
One hundred and fifty are now in the Refuge. The annual
expenditure for supporting the 400 boy. is estimated at
£4,000, being £l5 a year for each boy. Several kind friends
have promised to nay for one boy each year.
Subscription,. thankfully received by the London and West-
minster Bank, 41, Lothbury, and 214, High Holborn; Messrs.
Ransom and Co., 1, Pall-Mall Ran; and by
WM. WILLIAMS, Secretary.
neen,.street, W.C.

Refuge, 8, Great Qi

PRovmENcii-------------
OW NIGHT REFUGE,
sityltioihmloctlpEnrsdosviisiiiviigenhoetrrLFoNovr7AgpiNnigs,nDsbCuwaryirhED.REo.N,
destitute, who engievinsoulnd hthaviso Suppers and
Ihnastdituoionpastso the
Breakfasts, have be
anitgliprtsesett the
nearlybl bleak
k 0
Nights'sotherwiser
_or under railway arches.
Lodgulgfs, with Suppers and
Breakfasts, are given gratuitously every week. The poor
from all parts are admitted, the only condition being that
NMlloaotnuw tai Manager
t ate :
receivesth o y ar e
nhoomreelmessunearandtionstarviwhnateveTr.he
ing the provision made by the Poor
night numbers of young women, children, and (7; .g,ach
are, for want accommodation, refusedadmittance, anWavnes
to spend night after night in the cold, wet, and sleet. To
meet this evil, and to provide more ample accommoda-
tion, £2,000 has been raised, but to accomplish the
work a sum of at least £l,OOO more will be required.
Besides providing shelter for the homeless, this year it
is proposed, as far as the donations obtained for the pur-
pose will allow, to give bread and coals to poor families
in want. Will you, in your charity, help to carry on and
accomplish what has been begun ? Will you help to give
shelter to the really homeless, and food to the really
starving ? The smallest donation will be most welcome,
and, night and morning, the prayers of the destitute will
be offered in your behalf.
SUBSCRIPTIONS aro earnestly requested, and will be
gratefully received by the liev. D. Onmanr_D.D.,tl•To 22
Finsbury-circus E.V.

NOTICE OF hEMOVAL.

DEFRIES and SONS'
J. NEW CITY SHOW ROOMS --Merchanti and the
Trade surialled with PATTERN BOORS 117,
Mundsditch.

.forks—London, 7lrmingliam, and Paris.
Established 1803.

Just published, 2d ; sent by the author for 3 stamps.
UGLINESS and BEAUTY ; being
descriptive of articles and means used for improving
the appearance.' By ALEX. ROSS, 248, High Holborn,
London. a Pamphlet

SPANISH FLY is the acting ingredient in
)..7 ALEX. ROSS'S CANTHARIDES OIL, whioh speedily
produces whiskers and thickens hair, 3s 6d, Is 6d, and Ms 6d ;
sent by post for 54, 84, and 144 stxraps.—AL EX. ROSS, 248,
High tiolborn, London, and all Chemists.

WONDERFUL DISCOVERY.--Corns cured
in one day by nsing ALEX. ROSS'S CHIROPO.
Tht, preparation gradually dissolves the Corn in a few hours,
removing the very root. Price 45 ; sent by post for 60 stamps.
—248, High Holborn, London, and all Chemists.

ITAIR-CURLING FLUID, 248, High Holborn,
London.—ALHX. ROSS'S CURLING FLUID curb,
Ladies' or Gentlemen's hair Immediately it is app.ied. Sold
at as 6d, Ss 6d, and 10s 6d ; sent free for 54, 84, end 144 stamps.
—Had of all Chemists.

fl REY HAIR.-248, High Holborn, London.—
or ALEX. ROSS'S HAIR DYR produces a perfect colour
Immediately it is used. It Is permanent, and perfectly na-
tural in effe :t. Price 3s Id. 5s 6d, and 10s 6d; sent by post
for 54, 81, and 141 stamps ; and all Chemists.

HAIR DESTROYER.-248, High Holborn,
London.—AL EX. ROSS'S DE PIL ATO RT., removes
superfluous hair from the face, neck. and arms, wit out effect
to the skin. Price 3s 6d, 6s 6d, and 105 6d; sent for 54, 64,
and 144 stamps.—Had of all Chemists.

PIMPLE REMOVER.—AII diseases of the
skin are improved by one dose of ALEX. ROS's'S
VE iETABLE SKIN PILLS. They remove redness, sal-
lowness, &u. 2s 9d and 7s Rd ; or post for 4q and 100 stamps.
—ALEX. ROSS, 248, High Holborn, London, and all Che-
mists.

HAIR COLOUR WASH.—By washing the
head with this beautifully-perfumed Wash, in seven
or ten days the hair assumes its original colour, and remains
so by an occasional usinz. 10s ; sans for stamps.—ALN.X.
ROSS, 248, High Holborn, London, and all Chemists.

THE RESCUE SOCIETY wishes to add another
Lorne to the 12 now in operation. Last year no fewer
;ban (55 poor, friendless, young females were rejected from
want of FUNDS and room, making a total of 8,087, who have
been sent away In five years.
fhe new home the Committee wish to form woald be for
young girls, almost children, from the age of 8 to 15, who
have been led astray from the path of virtue.
Contributions will be received gratefully by the Secretary,
Ntr. Daniel Cooper, P 5, Queen •street, Choapside; or by litesers
Barclay and Co.. Lombard-street.

ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn-road,
in the Lnmediate vicinity of the Greet Northern Ball-
.-v,y fern:anus, King's-cross.

---
Patron—Her Most Gracious Majesty the QUEEN.
Vioe- Patron--His Royal Highness the Prince of WA LE S. HG.
President—His Grace the Duke of BUCCLEUCH. K.G.
This hospital, founded in the year 1828, thitc).fst to estab-
lish the principle of free admission to the sic
or, without
the delay and difficulty of Governors' ordere, wholly de-
pendent for support on voluntary contributions and I :qactes.
It affords relief to a large number of in-patients, and, in
addition to this, the average number of attendance of the
lestitute sick has for a considerable period averaged between
3,000 and 4,000 weekly.
The Committee ear estly solicit the ASSISTANCE of the
benevolent, as the pr nises of this Hospital are capable of
containing several h‘ndred more beds had the Committee
the requisite funds to maintain them.
Contributions are received by their bankers,Messrs. Brown,
Janson, and Co., Abehuroh-lane; also by Messrs. Colitis and
Co.; Drummond and Co.;Giyn and Co. ; Berries and Co.;
and
Ransom and Co. ; Prescott, Grote, and Co.; Smith, Payne, Co. • Barclay and Co. ;ti Mta as, Deacon, and Co.; Nisbet
ill;14 CO; Bernors-atreet ; and at the Hospital. [rum 10 till b.
A.L,T/10)3,DSMTTka, begretial,

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

TlMES.—Strongly interested as we have been at
all times in the full success of the national cause in
Italy, we have, ho wever, always looked upon the
mere expulsion of the Austrians as the beginning,
not the end, of the work of emancipation. Not only
was Rome not to be built in a day, but the mere
digging of the foundations for the new city walls
would take considerable time. The Italians are now
fairly launched. All that material or moral aid
from abroad could do for them has been done.
Henceforth they can only rely upon their own exer-
tions. Should their success come up to the andel-
tions of their most sanguine well-wishers, it will not
only be matter for gratified pride to these latter,
but it will be a clear, positive gain for the whole
world. On the other hand, should the experiment
fail, and self-government achieve for one peninsula
no greater good than it has done for the other, human
progress would take but little account of the fallen.
We should only have to resign some of our fondest
illusions as to the indefinite perfectibility of our
race in general, and as to the power of reaction and
restoration of the Italian people in particular—the
people which we had been told had lived two succes-
sive lives and aspired to a third—and that would be
all. Wise men would still heartily wish for the Ita-
lians a continuation of the enjoyment of their inde-
pendent existence; but that would be rather for the
common peace than from any hope that great good
might come of it for the Italians themselves. The
example of Spain should always be held up as a mir-
ror to Italian eyes. We have been led to these coa-
siderations by some melancholy statements in one of
the best Florence journals, Mental
Opinione, with re-
spect to Italian railways. ental and moral deve-
lopment must in all
countries be proportionate to
material well being. All engrossed as the Italian
Government was with preparations for the great
national struggle; it was, however, not unmindful of
that truism, and never slackened in its endeavours
to give social and industrial life to all possible im-
pulse. Imperfect success, in this respect, is less to be
ascribed to want of judgment and improvidence on
the part of the rulers than to the utter exhaustion
of a prostrate people. In Italy the Government,
however faulty,
of the governed. Between 1815 and 1848 there a
was for Italy must for many years be in advance
period of uninterrupted decline.
The only traces of advancement and prosperity
were for some time perceptible in the Austrian
dominions. Up to 1818 Piedmont had not com-
pleted the five miles' railway between Turin and
Moncalieri ; and a Prince of Savoy, on his visit to
Naples, where a Bourbon had constructed a 16
miles' line from his town residence to his country
seat at Castellarnare, was ready to exclaim with
envy and wonder, " 0 fortunati, quorum jam mcenia
surgunt !" Between that time and the present a
great change of conditions has taken place in diffe-
rent parts of the Peninsula. Public works have
everywhere kept pace with political emancipation,
and wherever an annexation occurred it was always
found that in the newly-incorporated province there
was everything to be done. The report of the
General Commission of Railways to which the
Opinione refers comes no further down than the
3 ears 1864-5 ; ro sluggish is still the action of the
Italian Government in its statistical productions,
notwithstanding the appalling number of the
officials. In the former year Italy had 3,173 kilo-
metres of railway its operation, and these rose to
3,595 kilometres in 1865, with an increase of 422
kilometres in a twelvemonth.- The Opinione com-
putes the Italian lines at about one-fourth of those
of France and one-fifth of those of England. Of
the 3,595 kilometres for the whole of Italy, 1,773
belonged to the Northern lines ; 1,039 to the Cen-
tral or Roman lines ; 751 to the Southern lines, and
32 to the lines of Calabria and Sicily. We are aware
that some progress has been made in those Southern
provinces and in the island of Sardinia within this
last year or two ; and it may be safely asserted that
four-fifths of the works hitherto accomplished any-
where south of the Apennines, with the exception
of Tuscany, date from the annexations of 1859-60.
The
aggregate produce of all the Italian lines
was, in ; in 1865, 60,765,577 f. ;
,s ,
nlB6
the proportion being 18,508 f. per kilometre in the
former, and only 16,902 f. per kilometre in the latter
year. The Opinione again compares this meagre
produce of the Italian railways with that of the
French lines, which ranges from 20,937 f. to 57,272 f.,
and to that of Germany, which is of 32,885 f. per
kilometre in Prussia, of 29,740 f. per kilometre in
Austria, and of 26,168 f. per kilometre in the minor
States. Unsatisfactory as these general results may
be for Italy in contrast with other countries, it must,
however, be observed that the produce is not, as may
be imagined, the same for the various Italian lines.
Some of those in the Tuscan and Roman marshy
regions (Marcmmane) give no profit at all and do
not even pay the current expenses of their daily
traffic, while those of Northern Italy, the very best
in the Peninsula, yield a produce of 23,374 per kilo-
metre, and that is a little more than the worst French,
and a little less than the worst German lines. For the
Central lines the produce is of 12,514 f. per kilo-
metre ; for the Southern lines of 8,046 f. ; for the
Calabro-Sicilians of 8,662 f.—an array of numbers
from which it will be easy to perceive the diminution
of movement and activity at every step as one pro-
ceeds from North to South. We are willing to be-
lieve that these unfavourable results of Italian rail-
way enterprise may in some measure be ascribed to
want of management, to waste and improvidence on
the part of the adraiumtration; but thin could hardly

The 13th annual reunion of the Roman Catholics
of Birmingham and the district, in aid of the poor
schools, was held on Tuesday night. The assembly
was presided over by Dr. Manning, Archbishop of
Westminster; there were also present Bishop Ulla-
thorne, Bishop Amherst, and a large number of the
Roman 'Catholic clergy and influential laity.
The ARCHBISHOP OF WESTMINSTER said,—An
hour or two ago I heard the Lord Bishop of this
diocess lay down a very inconvenient law, which it
is my deliberate purpose to break. (Laughter.) He
laid down in my hearing that after the octave of the
Epiphany no one can wish another a happy new
year. (Laughter.) Now I came here to-night for
the deliberate purpose of wishing the Bishop of
Birmingham and his flock assembled in this-hall on
this night many happy new years like the present.
(Cheers.) And it gives me very great happiness to
come and accept the welcome so kindly given me,
and to assure you that there is nothing which is more
cheering to the heart of the Catholic pastor than to
see a Catholic bishop in the midst of his people,
loved and venerated as the bishop of this diocess is.
(Cheers.) And I may add that I see in this a proof
of the present strength and future extension of the
Catholic Church in England. (Hear, hear.) The
Catholic Church in this land comes not in union
with Royalty, though it is loyally submissive to the
Crown. (Applause.) It comes not by statute of
Parliament, nor by favour of aristocracy, nor by the
influence of wealth, but in poverty, united with the
people. (Applause.) It is the Church of the poor
all the world over. (Applause.) It is the Church
of the poor eminently in Ireland—(" hear, hear,"
and cheers)—and it is the Church of the poor in
all the great towns of England ; and the whole
Catholic flock in England, without distinction of
rank, or class, or wealth, is united together with such
a perfect fusion and equality, under the spiritual
care of its pastors, that there is no unity to be found
throughout the Catholic world more perfect or more
compact. (Applause.) lam sure that in no part
of the Catholic world can there be found an episco-
pate united in more perfect brotherly love together,
nor an episcopate that has the happiness of ruling
over a body of clergy who with a more filial attach-
ment and a more perfect docility obey their spiritual
guidance, and a flock more closely united to their
pastors. (Applause.) What I see before me to-
night is a sample of what I have seen in the great
towns of England of many years that are past, and
most especially in the last 12 months, and this gives
me a confidence that so long as the Catholic Church
is united, pastors and people together, there is no
power ou earth that eau hinder its continual expan-
sion. (Much applause.) Now, my lord, lam most
glad to meet you and your flock to-night, and upon
such an occasion as this, knowing as I do that it
owes its origin to an effort to extend education
among the children of the poor—a work most dear
to the heart of every Catholic ; and I may say lam
glad to speak of this work in Birmingham, because
I think the people of this town have a very special
prerogative of respect and of regard among the
Catholics of England. (Applause.) I think Liver-
pool, Manchester, and Birmingham have set three
bright examples which I trust the whole of England
will follow. In Liverpool the Catholic population
is mixed with the population of that city with a
perfect equality of public and private respect, and
the Catholics of that city are treated with the
greatest consideration by the municipal authorities.
(" Hear, hear," and applause.) I would point to the
borough gaol of Liverpool as a luminous example of
what the justice and the wisdom of Liverpool have
done. (Applause.) In like manner I will say of
Manchester, it has taken a lead in the matter of
education with an equity and a justice and a pru-
dence, for which every Catholic ought to bear his
tribute. I will say the same of Birmingham, know-
ing as I do that in a time when England was swept
by a tempest Birmingham seemed to be the only spot
where tranquillity reigned, like the centre of a whirl-
wind, always still, and that it was the influence of this
great town, wise in its industry, wise in its social pru-
dence, which began to diffuse a calm when other men
had lost the tranquillity of their spirits. (Ap-
plause.) I know, too, that the Catholic population
of Birmingham is treated with respect, justice, and
equity, both in public and in private—(hear)—and
I believe that the Catholics of Birmingham bear
very true and sincere attachment to their town, and
to the friends who inhabit this town. (Applause.)
And now, I believe, we are living in a period of the
history of England which will be marked hereafter
by one signal characteristic. Before her gracious
Majesty ascended the throne great changes in the
law and constitution of England were carried by the
Legislature ; but it is one thing to alter the laws in
the statute-book—it is another to carry them into
effect. Since the accession of her gracious Majesty
the changes which took place in the 10 preceding
years have been perpetually realising themselves in
the public and in the private life of England. I will
not refer to that earlier period when the condition
of Catholics in this country was one which history
would be glad to forget. We, lam happy to say,
have entered into another period, in the light of the
sun and the free air of heaven, and at this day, a so-
cial, political, and religious equality among all the
subjects of her gracious Majesty is extending itself
throughout the whole of our order and our system,
so that I trust, before As closes her happy reign,
there will not remain among us the sr-lancet remnant
of the past. (Much cheering.) I know with what

equity and what justice the Catholic prisoners in
the prisons of this town and county are treated. I
know also the respect and consideration with which
the poor And the little children of the poor are
treated in the workhouse and the workhouse schools.
(Hear, hear, and applause.) I look to these two as
the index, like the degrees on a thermometer, which
fixes the Christian justice of those who administer
the law. I know that all that yourlordship desires
is not yet accomplished ; and I know that until
every little Catholic child is in a Catholic school
the whole work will not be accomplished. (Ap-
plause.) Equitable, just, and considerate as the
administration of the Poor Law is at this time,
it is impossible that the Cathoiic children in the
workhouse schools can be trained in their faith as
they ought to be. It is impossible that under the
same roof there can be two systems of education,
and there is only one way to remedy so great an
evil as that Catholic children should all the day
breathe an atmosphere which is not the atmosphere
of the Catholic Church—namely, by their being
freely and justly placed under the care of their
own pastors, according to the desire of their parents,
as it would be from their hearts, in schools which
are purely and strictly of the Catholic Church.
(Applause.) That this desire of your Lordship and
the Church may be earnestly fulfilled is my earnest
desire and petition. And now let me say that it
seems to me that the happiest and most blessed
condition of a people is to be perfectly united ill
religion. If there could be one faith, one heart,
one mind, one worship, one' alai- round which the
whole population is gathered, as I see it in Ireland
—(cheers)—with very little to disturb it, such
would be the happiest condition of a people. Re-
ligious unity, or unity of faith, is the greatest gift
of God to men, and that because, first of all, it is a
pledge of truth, universally known and believed,
and that one truth which admits no division and no
contradiction ; next, because it is a guarantee of
universal peace—no controversy and no conflict,
and no divisions of households, no intestine and
domestic strife ; and, lastly, because it insures the
inheritance of truth and of faith to posterity to be
hereafter born. Whereas, where the religious unity
of a people is divided and fractured truth escapes,
and children are born generation after generation
disinherited of the heirloom of Christianity. (Ap-
plause.) For these reasons I do desire from my
heart to see the unity of faith spreading more and
more among us. This I believe to be the best state
of a people. I believe the worst state of a people
to be one of conflict, controversy, religious strife,
theological bitterness. (Hear.) It seems to me
that the plagues of Egypt are the types of such a
state. (Applause.) Ido not know whether to call
it, the iron or the brazen age. But as religious
unity has passed—for men have forfeited it—l
earnestly desire that the period of conflict may pass
likewise as speedily as it may, and that, if we cannot
re-enter into perfect unity, we may at least enter
upon that silver period, less perfect than the first, in
which, though we are not united in one faith, we
may, be united in kindliness, in mutual .considera-
tion, justice one with another, and equity to those
who differ from us. (Cheers.) But now, in order
that I may illustrate my meaning, I will take an
example not far off, and perhaps from a field where
you would not expect it. 1 will take as an example
of how a minority in religion is treated by a vast
majority—from Ireland. I find in Ireland that in
every gaol and in every workhouse the Protestant
inmates and the Protestant prisoners have not only
the most perfect freedom of religion, the most per-
fect freedom of education for their children, but the
freest access for the ministers of their religion, and
chaplains duly appointed and duly maintained for
their care. (Applause.) I find, for example, in the
workhouse of Limerick, where at the utmost there
are sometimes five Protestant inmates usually—
there is not so many as one on an average daily—
nevertheless, the other day, when the minister of a
neighbouring town applied for a salary as chaplain,
the board, composed of a majority of Catholics,
unanimously voted it. (Applause.) Again, in the
West of Ireland there is often not a single Protes-
tant in the workhouse. (Hear, hear.) Neverthe-
less, there are Protestant chaplains receiving never
less than £lO a year—(cheers)—and, from a report
of the Poor-law Commissioners, it would appear
that in nearly two-third of the appointments as
chaplain the houses to which they are appointed
have no Protestant inmates. (Laughter and ap-
plause.) I call this a fair example of equitable
treatment of a minority in religion. (Laughter.)
In respect to the prisoners in Ireland, in the year
1865 it appears that 982 Presbyterians were in the
prisons. The average number daily in the prisons
would be about 82 ; but this, of course, is over a
number of prisoners, and there were 14 Presbyterian
chaplains for the care of the 82 prisoners. (Laugh-
ter.) I find a case in which there was no Presby-
terian prisoner at all, nevertheless there was a chap-
lain, with a stipend of £3B per year. (Laughter.)
I find that in Louth there was no Presbyterian pri-
soner, with a chaplain and a stipend. (Laughter.)
In Fermanagh there were two Presbyterian pri-
soners, with a chaplain of £3O a year.
At Cavan two Presbyterian prisoners had
likewise a chaplain at £3O a year. In Donegal
there were 16 Protestant prisoners, and a chaplain
at £4O a year. In Monaghan there were 16 priso-
ners and a chaplain at £3O a year. In the county
of Dublin there were 23 prisoners and a chaplain at
£55 a year. Mark that these stipends, which Ido
not grudge, and wouldnot rescind, be it known, are
part of the cess or rate contributed by a vast majo-
rity of Catholic ratepayers. (Applause.) Now I
would only recall the words I spoke in the outset.
Liverpool has set a luminous example of .justice in
this matter. But before the year 1863 only 36 Ca-
tholic prisoners were visited by the Catholic priest ;
for at that time there was no chaplain appointed.
Since then Liverpool has set, I will say, a bright
y
passed
s siaamet
sl example
under
erdr
cos
his care.,
full?c a
rrre
ha justicet(Ain the p
ahn
ue
religion
wvnaer subjectlslanBi
d6ftr6 aoh
session Major O'Reilly moved for a return
borough and county prisons of England, to ascer-
tainMinisters'
least 25 have not put it. into effect.
, at
example of how a minority
Act.
howthAast many
return,aar na
syhl
a adfmr actedoa b e
aboututrmn make
ee
Prisonsoour 3f6r from
examin-
ingi(s o, n s
treated. Let me now apply
quite aware that those who
to this country. I am
Shame P') Now, it appeawrsinhatrtoellni a
hitherto have not carried the
intention of depriving
have not done so with any
believe that it is the
effect of old passive habit, o
statute laweouhignahvtote teaofffeabciert
o.pur.islodneirmomr
immobility, that
rthCaatthoold-
their motion is hardly visible ;
stiondt , therefore, I must say, excepting exceptions—
and I have those exceptions with chapter, verse,
date, and name—l do not believe that what I must
stagnation,leethhpeiarckutphacenr and turbid
of
vo hr hisic which, if
thatrife l Catholicitg l.
runs, runs like those streams
call the maladministration of the statute law re-
specting poorhouses and prisons has been the de-
liberate result of an intention to be unjust. I say
excepting exceptions ; but I mean entirely to de-
fraud your curiosity. If you have any desire to-
night to know from me what those exceptions are,
I shall beg to be allowed to hold my tongue. (Laugh-
ter and applause.) At a proper time and in a
proper place, chapter and verse, and date and name
shall be stated. (Hear, hear.) It will not be in a
friendly reunion of the Catholics of Birmingham.
(Applause.) And now, as I have given you an
example of how a minority in religion may be
treated, I will give an example of what a minority
in religion can do. I must beg that the remarks I
am about to make may not excite anything like.
irritation. I do not know whether those who hear
me have ever seen a publication called The Month.
There is a periodical religious publication every
month under the title of The Month ; and 1 com-
mend to every one who hears me to read the first
n 2:4
littlea3 t last n7h dse

" Have you many Roman Catholic children
iere?—They are all Roman Catholic children.
[low many are there ?—One hundred and fifty-six.
Have their parents turned Protestant ?—No ; pr-
imps one or two. Do the parents object to the
children being brought up Protestants ?--It would
be no use if they did ; they know it will be done
when they bring them in here. What is the reason
that the parents snd their children here ?—Princi-
pally poverty. Have you any difficulty in getting
the Roman Catholic religion out of those children's
heads ?—Yes—(loud and prolonged cheering)—the
greatest difficulty sometimes, but it is our first en-
deavour; all our efforts are directed to it ; con-
troversy is the first lesson of this school." (Shame.)
I have no desire to bring the name of any per-
son who in private life may be estimable and
of good intentions before such a meeting as
this, and therefore in the example lam about
to give I suppress the names of those concerned
and refer you to the Month. There was a poor woman
named Roney, who had three daughters, and she was in-
duced to go before the magistrates and give up her chil-
dren to a Protestant lady to be put into a "birds'-nest."
Some time after, her conscience reminding her night and
day—as I have no doubt it did, being a Catholic—of the
sin she has committed and the peril to which she had ex-
posed her children, she made an application to recover
—Please to
-he.e:incraosat.
ti;Roraonortnnwoeoyffa shte.loh•reeerf sbe:sildrd.di3rsee,:(7Schieohsna_4l2e:a.);iiiihnAes.tgut,
the expenses incurred for them ;" and in the same hand-
writing came—" Mrs. Riney, Dr. to the Birdte-nest Insti-
tution, for ono year and six months, £331.55." (Laughter.)
One other case. A poor woman named Hogan put two
boys into a refuge, intending, as many of these credulous
and self-trusting parents do, to take them out before any
mischief could happen, believing the children to bo too
young to suffer perversion, that the faith in them was too
vivid to be easily extinguished, that the time would be but
short until she could recover them and put them again
under Catholic instruction. Year by year she was unable
to do it, because she was unable to support them. At last
she demanded them, and was refused. She then wrote a
letter under direction—a lawyer's letter—and the secretary
wrote to her, saying the children should be given up to
her on payment, as by agreement, of £6 a year, that was
£9O. I grieve to add that one of the boys was irretrievably
perverted. Such is the way in which a minority can act
towards a majority. I must add another fact. There is a
sleepingasylum, where boys are received and taught trades,
and I have no doubt are treated kindly, as far as the mere
kindness of material charity; but there is a rule that any
boy who leaves without finding a substitute to be perverted
cannot take with hi his clothes. To show you the kind
of flowers that flourish beneath the trees on which
the birds' nests hang, one Scripture-reader writes, " We
have hero the rare phenomenon of a Romish congregation
very ready, even well-disposed, to oppose their priest. Out
of the Island and South Coast Extension Society's report I
take these words :—" The people of this island have been
latterly more willing to. receive instruction. The loss of
their potato crop has humbled them. (Laughter, and
" Shame !") An Anglican clergyman of a true and manly
heart, the Rev. G. Webster, Chancellor of Cork, wrote that
he was an eye-witness on Sunday morning of large quan-
tities of bread being given to Roman Catholics for learning
a verse of Scripture, and these same people in his presence
went away cursing the persons who gave them the bread
and.taught them the versa. This is done by Greatßritain
—a country which, above all others, proclaims just dealing
to every man in matters of conscience, in a land which is
entirely Catholic, devotedly Catholic, always and inter-
changeably Catholic—(cheers)—in a Catholic land that has
been spoiled of all its endowments, reduced to the utmost
poverty, which out of that poverty has, since the beginning
of this century, expended five millions of money in covering
the face of the laud with Catholic churches, Catholic con-
vents, Catholic school; Catholic works of charity, of every
kind of magnificent proportions—these people are so treated
by those who possess the wealth that once was theirs.
(Cheers.) I wish no more than this, that that religious
minority had to support its own pastors, build its own
churches, maintain its own schools, and that it had less
overflow of wealth to use in the perversion of little Catho- •
lie children. (Applause. I will add a few words from the
" Life of Archbishop Whately," recently published. Under
his own hand we have positive proof that the system of
education in Ireland was -designed by him to undermine
and enfeeble the faith of the Irish people. I will read the
words of one of the most philosophical and greatest states-
men Englhnd has produced. In the year 1795 Mr. Burke
spoke thus :—" In Ireland particularly the Roman Catholic
religion should be uphold in high respect and veneration,
and should be in its place provided with all the means of
making it a blessing to the people who profess it." (Cheers.)
Again, he said, " Let them (that is the Irish) grow lax,
sceptical, careless, and indifferent with regard to religion,
and so sure as we have an existence it is not an Anglican
or a Scottish Church, but Jacobinism which will enter
into the breach." (Applause.) And I add, show me an
Irishman that has lost his faith, and I will show you a
Fenian. (Prolonged cheering.) Every lax, sceptical
Irishman is a Fenian. The inundation that is now settling
upon Ireland is not a flush of water from the coast-of
France, but the Gulf stream, which traverses the Atlantic
from the shores of America. (Applause.) For this
reason L rejoice that we have passed from the iron and
brazen period into ono which, if it bo not golden, at least
is silver, that wo aro coming to a time when equality,
justice, fairness, equity, consideration for the conscience,
the heart, the feelings of Catholics is pervading thesociety
of England and Ireland. (Applause.) That it is pene-
trating into the Legislature, that it is directing the course
of public events, that it is softening the hearts of the
administrators of public laws, that as sure as the frost
which binds hard the ground at this hour will give way
at the genial approach of spring, so the present temper of
men's minds will, whether they have the intention or not,
nations of the earth. There is one point alone
feeblest of all, the
unmove-
able—that which was thought to be the
h applause.) The Vicar of our Divine
Holy Se©. (Much
emperors,e
sutslit ea
iwn
ei I
moregiT"hv oe yearwCahyr lsbBtei6fir and
hde a
closed warmermore
withe equitable
dtauniversalbbl aeni spirit.ierinfluences
shaking(A iploa fuos (Applause.)
)ae
of men. e
Providence of God. It is the solo and only point
d
by the
of stability in the world. If nations aro to be stable it is
in justice, and if justice is to be done the religion of men
must be respected. Look at Australia and Canada. They
aanl kopiron Fuorpisavo which
legislatures,et
hh e depends
orator(cnhoe (cheers), not
urosP°n),
aro peaceful and prosperous because perfect equality pre-
vails between Catholic and Protestant. The mother
ce
uu. wousni
ot r yo
Dh arls.d tube leaea
nannr
ininnoac
rineenasissdeo
dn f h
interest
from her
on
theorpese
tdi
atdhaeoudgruehe,stlnetlrs. In n
education,
on
f,
and
doe oiren
creased effort to promote it. " They that are learned shall
shine as the brightness of the firmament, and they that
instruct many to justice, as the stars to all eternity." Tho
Archbishop sat down amid much applause.

MURDERING THE WRONG MAN.—The Court of
Assize sitting at Grenoble has just sentenced to 20 years'
hard labour a mountebank named Stenegre, for the murder
of one Rappelin, at a village fair in the neighbourhood.
There had been a quarrel in the course of the day, and at
night Stenegre, who had been badly beaten, went in search
of his antagonist. He didnot find him, but falling in with
Rappelin, who wore the same kind of dross, he used his
knife upon him with fatal effect.

E toOkF
tFt Egici‘,cra. Ah
ecvArDeuro thSee reEhNaiCrESas.—pAretsidthenetlfasort
the year, and M. Delaunay was appointed vice-president
in his stead by 27 votes against 23 given to MM. Bertrand,
Dupin, Charles, Serret, Fizeau, and de Tessan. A paper
was received from MM. Woehler and H. Ste. Claire
Deville on gmpbitoid boron, an element which
they thought they bad obtained in the shape
of hexagonal laminae of a pale copper colour ; but
this, they now • tell us, was a mistake, the sub-
stance in question being, not pure boron, but a
combination of boron and aluminium. It is obtain-
able by treating amorphous boron with aluminium at a
very moderate heat, or else by keeping melted aluminium
in contact h the vapours of chloride of boron. Dr. Carus
sent in a note on the invasion of cholera which
took place last year at Zwickau, a town of Saxony
of 22,432 inhabitants. Some measures having been
taken by the Government to protect the house
of correction of that town from the epidemic, it hap-
pened to the surprise of every one that, while 2ao persons
were attacked with the discaso in the immediate vicinity of
the said establishment, and 119 of these died, there did not
1,286 prisoners, though some
occur a single case among the
• •were seized with the malady. This
of the functionaries .
extraordinary result, Dr. Carus informs us, was obtained,
not by administering modici9es of any kind what-
ever, but solely by strict sanitary regulations, good diet,
and keeping up the spirits of the prisoners. If such was
indeed the result of these sanitary prescriptions, it is
certainly to be regretted that the advantages of the system
should have beou reaped by the scum of humanity. M. do
Ravine sent in a description of a new olectrophorous.
This is the third that has soon the light in the) course of the
last two months.