The Sun.
London, England, 1867-08-27 00:00:00

Miscellaneous Foreign News.

Secretary M'Culloch, on the 7th instant, pub-
lished a statement of the Public Debt of the United
States, as, it appeared on his books on the Ist
August, 1867, of which the following is the abstract :
$ c.
Debt bearing gold interest ... 1,678,906,691 80
Debt bearing paper interest ... 574,964,855 0
Di.bt on which interest has ceased 15,636,815 87
Debt without interest 417,177,533 72

papers are filled with stories of Indian outrages and

depredations.

In Louisiana 42,662 whites and 79,129 blacks
have registered, which gives the blacks the control

of that State. In Alabama the whole number re-

gistered is 112,400, of whom 65,700 are blacks,
giving the majority also in that State to the
negroes. At Savannah, Georgia, the white voters

registered number 2,269, and the blacks 3,062.
Registration is to commence at once in South Caro-
lina, the post commanders acting as superintendents.
General Howard, chief of the Freedmen's bureau,

has been named for the Presidency, and it is sup-
posed that he will have a strong negro backing.
Great complaints have been made in Tennessee that
negro labourers who voted the Republican ticket have
been discharged by their Conservative employers.

An additional burden has thus been thrown on the

Ireedmen's bureau to find employment for these

destitute labourers.

Thaddeus Stevens has written

:o state that at the next session of Congress he will
ntroduce a bill to confiscate the property of

Southern employers who have dismissed freedmen
for voting for Republican candidates. Coolies have
been imported into the Southern States, three or
four cargoes having arrived from Havanna, and
been placed on plantations in Louisiana. The At-

torney- -General is preparing instructions for the
United States District attorneys on this subject, the

nature of which are as yet unknown.

At West Point a board, composed of army
officers, bas lately been sitting to consider General
Emory Upton's new system of infantry tactics. The
United States' troops, both regulars and volunteers,

have hitherto been drilled on Hardy and Casey's
system. General Upton's combines infantry and
cavalry tactics, giving greater facility and rapidity
to movement, with extreme simplicity. The
method which the West Point board is expected
to adopt makes of four men the unit upon which
company's movements are formed. The rear rank
are correspondingly numbered. Each group of
eight men moves and acts together. as a separate
section.

When on the march the column is in

!ours, and the line is formed by wheeling the fours,

right or left. The old division into platoons and
sections is abandoned, and only those evolutions re-
tained whose value has been tested by actual service.
We confess that we do not understand the value of
the new system of tactics, from the few remarks we
have seen, basing movements on this unit of fours
rank and file. If the column be on the march in
their sections of fours, right in front, and line is
formed by wheeling the fours to the right, it follows
that the line and companies are inverted, as we are
informed that the fours are told off from right to
left. How is this remedied? How is the front in-
creased? Some years ago the unit of British in-'
fantry was threes— a radically bad system. For
simplicity there is no formation equal to fours,
formed as in the British army. After General Up-
ton's experience it is scarcely probable that he
would propose other than a highly practical system,
and if he did a board of competent officers would
not approve it. It is calculated that a line of a
a single rank, armed with breechloaders, would be
more destructive in its fire than the double line
with muzzle-loaders, and the new system gives
great facilities for forming rank entire. The bat-
talion, brigade, and division drill and discipline are
said to be brief, concise, and intelligent. Many
improvements are also said to be introduced into
skirmish drill.

Total debt, August 1 2,686,685,896 39
The correspondent of the Times remarks on these
figures that there " has been no public debt state-
ment since the Ist of June, and during two months
since that statement the debt has been reduced the
small amount of $354,623. On the Ist of January
last the debt amounted to $2,675,062,505 43c., so
that during the seven months of 1867 that have
Passed by it has been increased $11,623,391." We
cannot understand what the object of this gentle-
man can be in misrepresenting so systematically the
financial condition of the United States. It is
manifestly unfair to calculate the receipts and ex-
penditure, the total debt, without bringing into the
account the amount in the Treasury on the date of
the statement. He omits to say that the Secretary
of the Treasury ceased for some months to redeem
the superfluous paper currency, and that tho balance
in the Treasury had accumulated to the unpre-

cedented sum of $102,905,174 in gold, and
$72,474,296 in currency, making a total of
$175,379,470, being nearly thirty-three millions
in excess of the sum given in the return of the Ist
February, that is just six months before. Thus
the correspondent omits from his calculation the
trifle of six millions sterling in hard cash in
Uncle Sam's coffers, which he has allowed to
accumulate instead of paying away. The cur-
rency debt has been reduced during the year
$523,063,741. The net reduction of the Public
Debt during the sixty days that preceded this
statement was $4,309,000, and during the year
ending August Ist $121,792,850, taking into
account the increase in the Treasury balance of
$35,007,357. The Times' correspondent, iu esti-
mating his own resources, would not overlook his
, balance with his banker. But this is precisely what
he does when estimating the financial position of
the United States.

The split in the Cabinet at 'Washington is now
explained. Mr. Stanton, it was known, has all
along opposed the policy of the President, fully
identifying himself with the Republican majority in
Congress. Several reasons combined to induce Mr.
Johnson, when fairly relieved from the presence of
Congress, to force Mr.. Stanton to.resign his office.•
Ile wrote to the Secretary, stating that considera-
tions of a high character constrained him to ask that
gentleman to withdraw from the Cabinet, to which
Mr. Stanton replied that public considerations of a
high character constrained him to hold his office till the
next meeting of Congress. The President appears to
have submitted to the Attorney-General the Ties-
' tion whether he had a right under the law regulat-
ing
the tenure of office to remove the Secretary of
War. The Attorney-General considered that law
to apply only to persons appointed to office by Mr.
Johnson ; and as Mr. Stanton was not among the
number, the President retained the power of re-
moving him. Mr. Johnson addressed his com-
munications to Colonel Townsend the Assistant
Adjutant-General, and Mr. Stanton refrained from
attending the Cabinet meetings. The Cabinet held
the right of the President to remove the Secretary,
though two of the number considered it would be
injudicious to exercise it. Both General Grant and
Chief Justice Chase appealed to the President to
forego his intention, but in vain. Mr. Johnson has
taken the step, and it now remains to be seen
whether Congress will reassemble as threatened for
the express purpose of impeaching the President.
General Grant has been appointed to the vacant
post, to act till the Senate meets.

Tin mines have been discovered in Madison
county, Missouri, near the famous Pilot Knob. A
company has been formed, who have opened a lode
and extracted some small parcels of ore. The tin
crops out from the hill side, giving every facility for
working, and the metal yields from 4 to 15 per
cent. A reward of $lO,OOO was long ago offered
for the discovery of a tin mine, and it is believed
that the United States will derive great advantage
if the mine proves as rich as anticipated. Professor
Nathan H. Parker has reported on this discovery,
and Professor Beauregard has furnished an analysis,
of which the result is as follows :
" Having pulverised one pound five and a half
ounces of ore (tin stone), gathered from the surface
of the lode, and selected from different places, I
united with this ore four ounces of two chemical
agents necessary to facilitate the 'disagregation' of
the mineral from the granite and other foreign
matters. After having composed this mass to a
white heat for two hours, in a German sand-pot, I
obtained the following result :
" 11 grains of pure white tin.
" 17 grains of pure black tin.
" If we take into consideration the difficulty aris-
ing when extracting a metal so oxidable, and the
loss of which is not less than 20 per cent. from using
a new pot (or crucible), the results of the assay are
certainly very satisfactory."
The Iron Age says that the importance of the dis-
covery is much greater than its money value would
indicate, as being the one mineral in which the
United States was hitherto deficient. For the fiscal
year ending June, 1866, England received in gold
$6,097,609, anal for blocks, pigs, or
$1,993,361.
the same period,
The steam yacht Quaker
bf oarr
st tin
tpi
City arrived at Con-
stantinople from Italy, with 66 American ex-
cursionists, on Saturday last.
On Wednesday, 31st July, the monitor Onon-
daga left New York for France, having been sold
to the French Government. When outside Sandy
Hook she encountered a gale of wind and was com-
pelled to return in distress. She was built by Mr.
Rowland, the iron plates being fixed on the bull
without the usual backing of wood. Two large
centrifugal pumps were placed on board, supposed
to be able to pump her clear of water in an hour,
even if full. For some reason or other they did not
act as anticipated, and as water gained rapidly, for
a short time she was in danger. The Dunderberg
made a trial trip on Friday, Aug. 9, in charge of a
French crew, with Admirals Paris and Raynaud on
board. There was a little delay in consequence of
the ignorance of the French firemen in using an-
thracite coal, but when the fires had been kindled
the performances of the ship gave great satisfaction.
Last Saturday she was taken into the basin at
Cherbourg, where there is no dock sufficiently large
to receive her without alteration. Her exact di-
mensions are as follows:—Extreme length, 380.0 ft.;
extreme beam, 72.10 ft. ; depth of main hold, 27.07 ft.;
height of casemate, 7.09 ft. ; length of ram, 50.00 ;
draught when ready for sea, 21.00 ; displace-
ment, 7,000.00; tonnage, 5,090.00 ; weight of iron
armour, I,ooolb. Mr. Webb, it is said, has cleared
$700,000 by thus safely delivering her to France.
The barque Plato, with the Fenian expedition
on board, returned to New York on the 28th
July, and gave the following account of the
cruise. On the 27th of April last this vessel, of
500 tons register, with 350 picked and well-armed
men, left America to liberate Ireland. She was
spoken off Newfoundland by a British man-of-war,
when she displayed American colours. On the 23d
May, having received a supply of fresh water and
provisions from the Isle of Torry, she proceeded to
the Kinsale Head, where she was informed a man-
of-war was cruising. On learniug this she put to
swa, where she remained several days before run-
ning into Bantry Bay. After communicating with
the shore, they tl left
the Bay and landed a party on
the 6th June, who were captured at Wexford. On the
9th, at Antrim Bay, they received an account of
the Wexford affair. A descent upon Antrim was
then discussed, from•which their friends on shore
dissuaded them. After remaining some time at
Antrim they proceeded to Belfast Lough, where
several consultations were held with Fenians on
shore as to their chances on heading an insurrection.
On all sides they appear to have been strongly ad-
vised not to attempt it ; therefore, after cruising for
a few clays more on the coast, they returned to the
United States. 'They
state that they communicated
freely with their friends in Ireland by means of
signal rockets.
A curious case has arisen under the Reconstruction
Act. General Sickles issued au order forbidding
judges in his districts to entertain suits for matters
which had occurred from the 19th December, 1860,
to 15th May, 1865. Lieut.-Colonel Frank, command-
ing the post of Wilmington, interpreted this order to
extend to the decisions lately made by Chief Justice
Chase in North Carolina. United States Marshal
Goodloe, of North Carolina, reported to Attorney-
General Stauberry that the process of the United
States Circuit Court, shortly since held by the Chief
Justice at Raleigh, was obstructed by the Colonel's
order on the plea that the cases decided were within

C
Tappan
piaonlonoefl
eConoslisontienlg
T Taylor,he Isnedniaantorend Commission,er son
Colorado, M. Sanborn of Minnesota, and Generals
Sherman, Hancock, and Terry, met at St. Louis on
Tuesday, the 6th inst., and elected Colonel N. G.
Taylor Commissioner of Indian Affairs, president ;
and A. S. 11. White, of the Indian Bureau, secre-
tary. They agreed that General Sherman and Col.
Taylor should communicate with the officers and
agents under their control, despatching runners to
the Indians injthe vicinity of their localities, asking
a meeting at Fort Laramie, at full-moon, in Sep-
tember, to be followed by a general assembly at
Fort Larned of all tribes south of the river
Platte at full-moon in October. The board
adjourned, to meet at Leavenworth, Kansas, on the
following Monday, and then to proceed to Omaha,
ascending the Missouri river to its highestaccessible
point to confer with the Indians, and examine the
lands for a Northern reservation. General Sherman,
although totally disbelieving in any satisfactory re-
sult, has given the following instructions to the troops:
—"Do not invade the country south of the Arkansas
river, except in pursuit of parties guilty of hostile
acts. I want the deliberations of this Commission
to be as little disturbed by acts of our troops as pos-
sible, so that this effort to settle the Indian question
peaceably, may have a fair chance for success."
While the peace commission was sitting Spotted
Tail, with a party of savages, struck the Union Pacific
Railroad at Plum Creek, 223 miles west, of Omaha.
There he heaped ties upon the line, then the party
concealed themselves till a train rushed on the ob-
struction, when the driver, a fireman, two break-
men, and three telegraph operators were killed. The
savages at once rushed on the disabled train, killing
and mutilating seven persons;--the wreck was set
on fire and the bodies consumed. Two days after,
Spotted Tail murdered three other men along the
line. The Indians made a daring dash on the Smoky
Hill route line, killing seven labourers six miles
from Fort Harker, Kansas, running off 20 horses
and mules at the Big Creek stage-station, although
exposed in broad daylight to the fire of 50 infantry
and a dozen employe'sdiot 300 yards away. Indeed
the war has become general, and Western news-

the period designated, The Marshal states that mony then closed with the examination of four witnesses
he has suspended action till he hears from General in surrebuttal. The per diem of the jurors at this time
Sickle; or receives instructions from Washington, amounts to $1,384. The jurors are allowed $2 per day. Four
being anxious to avoid collision with the military
oafftethrwemardwereTshweoGrnovinr 59 days ago, and othersiltwe fo daor ys
authorities in the performance of his duty. By the
hotel bill of the jury, and it is alsos
not knownresp yet what it
letter of the Act it is believed that General Sickles amounts to. From the latest accounts of Deputy Marshal
has the power, though Congress never intended Phillips it appears that the amount actually paid to wit-
that such power should be exercised against the nesses up to this time is $11,963 51c. The foes allowed
Supreme Court. It is hoped that General Sickles
are $1 25c. per day, and se. each way for every mile tra-
will disallow the act of his subordinate. yelled. The largest amount paid to any ono witness was
to St. Mario, who received $663 15c. for 143 days' attend-
The Treasurer of New Orleans dismissed by
:wee, and 4,894 mileg travelled. The court also ordered
General Sheridan was Joseph Ifernandc:z. The that tho witnesses for the defence should be paid, and of
General continuing his course on the Bth instant, these Stephen F. Cameron received $137 95c. for 61 days'
dismissed Edward Dougherty, Judge of the Twelfth attendance, and 617 miles travelled. amoral E. G. Lee
Judicial District of Texas, for denying the supre- received $230 35c. for 61 days' attendance and 1,541 miles
macy of the laws of Congress, and openly de-
travelled. —New York Mee; August 10.
nouncing the Government of the United States.
Klward Bass was appointed his successor. Ile also
removed Thomas E. Adams, chief of the New
Orleans police, at the request of Mayor Ileath,
who was succeeded by J. J. Williamson, ex- chief
of police. But the cup of Sheridan's misdoings, in
the eyes of the President, was now full. lie had
bowled over the States' officers of his district like
nine-pins, but a mightier hand was now in the act
of bowling over himself. In spite of the strong
advice of General Grant, the President removed
General Sheridan, and appointed General Thomas
his successor.

A shocking account is given in the New York
7inies of the execution of General Santiago '
Vidaurri at Mexieo from a correspondent who was
an eye-witness. Admiral Tegethoff had passed
through Washington on his way to New Orleans,
where the Austrian frigate Elizabeth awaits his
arrival, whence he 'will proceed to Vera Cruz to
receive Maximilian's body, which has been delivered
to the Prussian Riinister. Santa Anna had been
sent to Vera Cruz for trial. Official advices received
in Paris by mail from Mexico to the 20th July
confirm the telegraphic intelligence published by the
Aloniteur of the 11th inst. respecting the position of
the French Minister, and the probability of his
speedy departure. The Austrian Charge d'Affaires
has left for the coast, intending to return by way of
Tampico. The Belgian and Italian representatives
remained in the capital. Juarez entered the city of
Mexico on the 15th July, and officially issued a
proclamation to the inhabitants, which was couched
in moderate language. No important arrest had
been effected since the execution of Vidaurri. A
report is going the round of the papers that Juarez
refused to pay Lopez the 3,000 ounces of gold for
which he had sold Maximilian and Queretaro, ob-
serving, " We must never encourage traitors."
Lopez will be the heavy villain of many a story, and
active brains are no doubt at work painting the

traitor in strange form and unenticing colours.
The little scene with his wife emanates, we suppose,
from a hand skilful in drawing on imagination.
A new kind of fire-proof is described by the
Idaho World as follows :—While at Centreville, the other
day, we were shown a novel kind of fire-proof above-
ground cellar, belonging to and in the rear of the store of
Duko and Co. Tho inner walls are of wood—ordinary
plank. Against these upon the outside aro the
novel and perfectly firo-proof walls, made of mere
dry earth mixed with molasses, with short cut fibres
of old rope, to servo as hair in plastering, included
in the mixture. When prepared, this strange plaster-
ing is spread on the boards, with a heavy plank to
retain the mixture in the place intended, and then a big
maul is brought to play upon the plank to boat the mix-
ture solidly in. This is the process, and it is repeated,
layer upon layer, and width upon width, until the whole
mass is two feet thick and entirely envelopes the
building. A roof of the same material, put on the

FRENCH INTERFERENCE AT nomE.

A good deal of strong languzge was expended in
Italy last week about an alleged breach of the
convention by the French Government, which, it
was said, had sent General Dumont to Rome to
review the Antibes Legion and harangue them
about their desertions. The fact was denied offi-
cially on the part of France. This week a new
grievance has been discovered in the shape of a
written document. The Gazette de France publishes
the following letter, from. Marshal Niel to the
Commander of the Legion, Colonel D'Argy :
" Paris, June 21, 1867.
" My Dear Colonel,—My attention has been
too seriously fixed on the Roman Legion to allow
me to ignore the grave events which have taken
place for some time past. How can the desertion,
no longer individual but collective, which threatens
to reduce your effective to nothing—how can it be
explained ? The soldier has nothing to envy in
the condition of the troops of the mother country.
He is commanded by French officers, having a
respectable standing in our army ; he serves a
respectable cause, which he asked to serve ; he has
before him what has always animated the French
soldier—an enemy to fight with, a danger to con-
front ; and yet he shamefully deserts the flag he
freely chose, and abandons his chiefs, to follow
foreign reprobates, who try to seduce the soldi e
from his duty.
"The desire to return to his country is not an
excuse, for he well knows that as soon as he re-
enters France he will be sent in .a disciplinary corps
to Africa, where he will remain till he has served
his time. I deplore this state of things, my dear
colonel, because it is a stain on our army which,
wherever it is represented, ought to conserve its
prestige for honour and courageous self-denial.
But, notwithstanding such sad incidents, I do not
despair of seeing the good qualities which your
Legion possesses wipe away by devotion and per-
severance the remembrance of the past few months.
" Your energy, my dear colonel, is well known
to me • the Government of the Emperor and that
of the Holy Father know that it will not be found
wanting. It is necessary that your officers, on
whom you so justly rely, impart confidence to the
troops by their attitude, by their words, and by
that military spirit which, in France, has been the
source of such great things. I shall be glad to
signalize to the Emperor all whose conduct is meri-
torious, whether among the officers or the privates.
I kfiow that you are about to present to me Sergeant
Doussain and two of his men, and it will be with
great interest that I shall examine them.
" Tell your legion, my dear colonel, that our
eyes are upon them, and that I am deeply pained
at any injury to its flag, which is so justly vene-
rated ; I place the legion on the same footing as
other corps of our larmy in all that concerns its
military honour and the necessities of its organiza-
tion.—Receive, my dear colonel, the assurance, &c.,
NIEL."

It is only necessary to remark that if the Italians
be sincere in their desire to carry out the conven-

tion, they cannot wish the Antibes Legion to
desert; they cannot be jealous of the interest
which French officers of rank feel in the efficiency
and good conduct of that volunteer corps of French
soldiers who have to support not only the throne
of the Holy Father, but the honour and credit of
the French military character. We cannot affect
to doubt that the Italian Government is sincerely
desirous to ward off any Garibaldian attack from
Rome. Overwhelming reasons of policy, involving
considerations of no less moment than the existence
of the Italian Kingdom itself, compel themto pro-
tect the Pope from without. We suspect, how-
ever, an arriere pensee ; a secret hope that some
internal uprising which the Pontifical forces may
be unable to cope with, will open the door to an
Italian occupation of the ',city and adjoining coun-
try. It is a delusive hope. Not only has Gari-
baldi's star long ago paled, but all accounts agree
to assure us that the Pope's Government is per-
fectly able to keep order in his own dominions,
if only he be guaranteed against invasion from
abroad. He will be aided by his own subjects.
There are, in fact, no malcontents in Rome. How
should there be, when Rome alone is prosperous,
and is the one oasis ia the dismal swamp into
which all Italy is sinking •deeper and deeper ; in
plain English, the slough of despond, of irretriev-
able ruin, national bankruptcy, and social insol-
vency ! The Romans know when they are well
off. The late assemblage of bishops and other
foreign ecclesiastics brought above a million ster-
ling in hard cash into the city. And in a few
months there will be the General Council.

same way, is added, and the building or cellar is corn
pleted. The cellar of Duke and Co. has been finished
only a few days, and yet this covering of dry earth,
molasses and hempen fibre is so hard that a nail cannot bo
driven into it, and it is impervious to either fire or water.
It is an invention of Mr. J. B. Duke's, and though a good
many laughed at him, and tried to convince him, while he
was putting on the queer mixture that it would be a signal
failure, all now admit that his head was soundest on that,
and all agree that it is a model fire-proof cellar ho has
made.
The yacht Vesta, which Lorillard, of New York,
entered for the great ocean race, has been purchased by
Richard Baker, jun., of Boston.
A self-propelling steam fire engine has been COM-
plo`ed in Manchester, Now Hampshire, and made a suc-
cessful trip through the streets.
The Worcester machinists, Wood, Light, and
Co., aro making six profile or edging machines, used in the
manufacture of gun-locks, for the Russian Government.
They will cost $5,000, and are to bo finished in November.
HITTING ONE'S BEST FRlEND.—Operatives strik-
ing work.— The Free Lance.
John Wcson, a shiftless fellow, living at Boston
Corners, had the good luck to find a box containingss,ooo
in Spanish dollars, while picking berries in the woods the
other day. A paper with illegible writing on it was found
in the box, but there was no clue as to when or by whom
the deposit was made.
VEGETABLE llAln.—Californian papers state that
there is now dug out of the mountains of the Sierra
Nevada Range a bettor material for bads than .has been
hitherto available in the markets of the world. It is the
soap root, which grows in unlimited quantities in that
region. It is a bulbous root, enveloped in a very tough
and supple fibre, resembling somewhat the husk of cocoa-
nut in colour and appearance, but nearly as tough as
whalebone. The roots aro dug chiefly by Chinamen,
bound in bundles of 1001 b each, and brought on poles to
the factory. The first work is to put the roots through a
picker similar to a thrashing machine, which is run by
horse power. This separates the fibre into a hair of eight
or ten inches long, which is placed in a large vat or
steamer till it becomes flexible, and is free from all gummy
or glutinous matter. It is then dried on fiats in the sun,
put through another fine picker turned by a Chinaman,
then taken and twisted into ropes, at a common rope-
walk, then steamed again, which sets the curl. Tho ropes
aro then bound in hales and are ready for the market..
Tho natural colour is brown, but it is often coloured
black, and an expert would find it hard to tell it from
curled hair.—Toronto Globe.
The great strike just at an end in the iron-works
of Pennsylvania has ended badly for the strikers. The
origin of the strike was an announcement by the iron-
masters in December last, that in consequence of
the decline in prices the wages of puddlors—then
receiving nine dollars a ton—would be reduced.
On hearing this the puddlors struck, and the other
workmen dependent on them were, of course, compelled to
follow their example. Three thousand mon have conse-
quently been out of work for seven months. The dispute
has now been arranged on the following basis : —The pud-
dlers are to receive 9 dollars per ton for the first fortnight
in August, and after that date are to be paid in proportion
to the selling price of iron. To attain this result, which
thoy might readily have attained without any strike at all,
strikers have thrown away at least 3,000,000 dollars.
TIIE YEAR OF GREAT PLENTY.—The agricul-
tural department at Washington reports that there has
never before boon so favourable a prospect for uniformly
good crops since the establishment of the statistical
bureau. The average production of wheat has been five
bushels for each individual in the country, but the promise
for the present year is about six bushels. The statistical
returns for July show an improvement in the condition of
winter wheat over last year in every State but Texas,
Nebraska, and Minnesota, the diminution in the latter
case being four per cent. The highest improvement
is in Ohio, 160 per cent, West Virginia 78, Georgia
96, Tennessee 72, Indiana 54, Kentucky 53, Michigan 35,
Vermont 25, New Jersey 25, Now York 17. All tho
States except Vermont, Now York, and Pennsylvania
show an increase of spring wheat on last year. The ave-
rage of corn is unusually largo, and other grains show an
improvement over last year, though not so great as in
wheat. Other productions generally of July reports show
a largely increased yield. In fact, the reports received
from all sections, except in certain limited localities, aro
most encouraging, and indicate highly remunerative re-
sults for'agricultural labour.
Mr. Stetson, of the Astor llouse, has related to
a few, an anecdote of Mr. Webster, with whom ho had for
a long time been very intimate. On ono occasion—ton or
twelve years before his death—Webster was in his room,
a dozen gentlemen with him, to dine. One of them asked
the great Daniel : " What, Mr. Webster, is the most seri-
ous thought that ever occupied your mind?" The ex-
pounder of the Constitution was silent for a few
minutes, and seemed to be refl,Tting deeply. Ills
face at last lighted up, and his whole soul shone
through it. lle rose with dignity, and said in
his deep, rich tones —" The most set ions thought that ever
occupied my mired was my responsibility to Almighty
God." mud for twenty minutes—to quote Stetson —his
language sparkled like the sunshine upon molten diamonds.
I have heard Webster in almost every great effort he
over made, but I noVer heard him so fluently eloquent, so
much the representative of the glorious genius he was, so
incomparably superior to all other orators of this or any
other country, as on that never-to-be-forgotten occasion.
THE SURRATT TRIAL.—It is now 59 days, in-
cluding Sundays, since the first juror was sworn in. During
the progress of tho trial 282 witnesses in all were examined.
The prosecution first examined 74 witnesses in chief; 92
witnesses were examined by the defence ; the prosecution
followed in rebuttal, and after examining 73 witnesses,
none others appealing, the defence was allowed to examine
13 witnesses in rebuttal, principally in relation to witnesses
whose characters had been assailed. The prosecution, re-
suming, examined 26 witnesses in rebuttal, and the testi-

The following letter from Rome, in the Debats,
is worth all the more as evidence, because the
writer is evidently no friend to the Pontifical Go-
vernment. He says :—" I believed for an instant
that an invasion of the Pontifical territory was
imminent, that a rising of the Romans would take
place, and a serious attack upon the temporal go-
vernment would be made. What I see and hear
confirms me in the opinion that the moment for
great events is not yet come. That does not mean
that the Romans have become less hostile to the
domination of the clergy, that they are less desir-
ous to escape from it and to proclaim themselves
Italian citizens ; but it does mean that they do not
judge circumstances to be favourable, and violent
means are not much to their taste. The fact can-
not be dissimulated that the prestige of Garibaldi
has greatly diminished, and that his popularity is
on the wane. Happy would it be for Italy if the
hero of Caprera could be persuaded of that truth.
His intemperate language and his incessant dia-
tribes against the government of his country,
against the parliament of which he forms part,
against the army which has preserved him from
more than one check, have alienated from him the
sympathy of many. People are at length convinced
that he is a man of action, enterprising, audacious,
always ready for an attack, but incapable of direct-
ing a party, of ripening a project, and executing
it with prudence. His transports are disapproved,
his temerities dreaded, association in his enterprises
refused. Such is the general opinion of the Ro-
mans of a man they have not ceased to admire,
but to whom they are not willing to confide their
faith. The sentiment which dominates here is
absolute confidence in the policy of Victor Em-
manuel and his Government, and a blind submis-
sion to the orders or instructions from the Cabinet
of Florence. What formed the strength of the
former national committee was that the source
whence it drew its inspirations was known ; if the
new junta attempts to depart from that line of
conduct it will expose itself to finding a greater
number of dissidents." So, if the Romans wait
for Victor Emmanuel, and his Italian Majesty, in
his turn, wait for the Romans, it may be long
enough before the " party of action" work their
will on Rome.— Westminster Gazette.

[AnamarisENENT.]—Dyspepsia (Indigestion) Constipation, De-
bility, Consumption, and all nervous, bilious, stomach, and liver
complaints in every stage, are only aggravated and accelerated
by (hugs of every description, but perfectly curable by Du
Barry's health-restoring Revalento, Arabica Food, as proved by
thousands of cases which had been considered hopeless, such
as—cough, asthma, also diarrhoea, haemorrhoids, liver com-
plaints, flatulency, nervousness, biliousness, fevers, sore throats,
diphtheria, catarrhs, colds, infiaenza, noises in the head and
ears, rheumatism, gout, impurities, eruptions, hysteria, neuralgia,
iri stability, sleeplessness, acidity, palpitation, heartburn, head
ache, debility, dropsy, cramps! Hir.stlls, nausea and sickliest.
even in pregnancy or at sea, sinking fits, bronchitis, scrofula;
tightness of the chest, pains at the pit of the stomach and
between the shoulders, &c. We quote a few :—The Pope's health
restored by Du Barry's Feibd. Cure No. 63,413.—" Rome, July
21, 1866.—The health of the Holy Father is excellent, especially
since, abandoning all other remedies, he has &maned himself
entirely to Du Barry's Revalenta Arabia). Food, of which he
consumes a plateful at every meal, It has produced a sur-
risingly benelicial effect on his health, and his Holiness cannot
praise this excellent food too highly."—From the " Gazette du
Midi, July 25 Cure No. 46,270 Mr James Roberts, timber
merchant, of FrimleY Surrey, of hirty years' diseased lungs,
spitting of blood, liver derangement, and partia, deafness.
Cure No. 1,771. Lord Stuart de Decies, Lord Lieut. of
Waterford, of many years dyspepsia.—No. 49,832. "Fifty
years' indescribable agony from dispepsia, nervousness,
asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness and
vomiting.—MariaJoly." Important Caution.—Beware of the many
unsavoury and more than sloppy imitations to which, without
authority, Baron Liebig's name is most audaciously attached.—
In tins at ls. Id.; 1 lb., 2s 9d. 2 lbs., 4s. 61; 5 lbs., lls. •
12 lbs., 225.; 24 lbs., 40s.—BARRY Du BARRY and Co., No. 77,
dagent-street, London; also Fortuam and Mason, 182, Piccadilly
and at 61, Gracechurch-street; 4, Cheapside; 63, 159, and; 89,
Word-WM 1330 Strand; and all grocers and chemists,

, ...1

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENC.

The favourable harvest weather has had more to do
with the late improvement in public securities than any
change that has taken place in the appearance of Conti-
nental politics. In that respect no change has taken
place ; the same large standing armies aro still kept 11P,
and nothing has been done as yet to place Europe upon
a peace footing, though it is said that it is the intention
of the French Government to give public opinion soon
some security in that respect, in order to restore con-
fidence, but no article in the Moniteur can have anY
beneficial effect unless it is accompanied by a decree for
the reduction of the army ; the only act on the part of
France that can enable foreign Governments to reduce
their war expenditure. The harvest is now far advanced
in France ; the yield is stated to be under an average
crop, the quality being not so good as was expected. In
Algeria there has been a total failure on account of the
excessive dry weather, and the Government will ho
obliged, it is said, to send the seed necessary for the next
crop. Tho country, it is stated, is in a state of famine,
and importations of corn for sustenance will also be neces-
sary. It is, therefore, not probable that corn will fall
much in price this year, unless large supplies arrive from
America, where the crops are said to be very promising.
Any rise in Stock Exchange securities is an immediate
cause of reaction by the realisation of old standing limits
for sale; together with the distrust still entertained hy
the operators in the possible permanence of any advance,
each moderate rally that has occurred, whether from fa"
vourable harvest prospects or the influx of bullion, hav-
ing throughout the present year been speedily followed
by a return of weakness and stagnation.
At the meeting of the London and South-Western
Railway a dividend was declared at the rate of 31 per
cent. per annum, payable on the 2nd of September,
amounting, on £7,772,641 4s. sd. of paid-up capital, to
£145,737 Os. 5d., leaving to be carried over to the current
half year £1,664 13s. 11d. The average rate of interest on
the mortgage debt has been slightly increased, it stand"
ing for the half year at 4.40 per cent. as compared with
4.31 for the corresponding period of 1866. During the
half year great exertions have been made to reduce the
working expenses, and a saving has been made of £10,454,
with a reduced mileage of trains run of 128,140. It is
anticipated that the same saving will be made during the
coming half year ; and, as it is to be expected that deben-
tures will be renewed at reduced rates, there is every
prospect of a better dividend for the present half, as the
first six weeks show an increased receipt of £17,000.
The chairman gave a full explanation of the accounts, and
said that the liabilities of the new lines under construc-
tion amounted to 0n1y.£650,000. A resolution was passed
against any further extensions or branches without first
consulting the shareholders. With the present good
management the South-Western will, no doubt, stand wen
in the market.

The directors of the London and North-Western Ball"
way Company have issued their report with statement of
accounts for the half-year. They show that the net pro-
ceeds of the working for that period have been £917,851
17s. 5d., to which has to be addod the balance from last
account, amounting to £24,500 6s. 3d., together £942,352
3s. Bd. From this sum they pay a dividend at the rate °I
51- per cent. per annum, leaving £28,676 4s. Bd. to be car-
ried to the credit of next half-year. Tho traffic returns
show for the six months a decrease of £10,723 in receipt'
from passengers, and an increase of £21,649 in those from
goods as compared with the corresponding period of
1866.
With regard to the South-Eastern Railway, it is stated
that the accounts of the company aro made up to the half"
year ending the 31st of July last, and are now in course
of audit. They show a total net profit of £330,613 4t aN'all-
able for dividend, after the rate of £2 16s. 6d. against A'"
17s. 6d. in the corresponding period of last year. It 813;
pears, however, that the directors have adopted the sowna*
resolution to recommend the proprietors to charge to re'
venue the whole of the interest, amounting to £29,182, ott
the unproductive capital for lines and works unfinished'
including the direct Tunbridge line, a process which NI?
reduce the amount available to £78,694, and will give
dividend after the rate of 2 per cent. per annum, and lea/v
a balance of £2,300.
In relation to the Rio Improvements Company, it qa-
pears that the Brazilian Government have, as usual,
punctually the half-yearly tax to the agents of the 0111-
pany, Messrs. John Moore and Co., of Rio. At the ex-
tremely low rate of exchange, caused by the continnan,°o
,_
of the war, and the creation of paper money, the Nu%
tanco is only £34,700, to pay expenses and dividend 'o°s
a share capital of £850,000 and debentures, during till
first half year.
The report of the directors of the Great Northern
Bi-
way Company has been issued. The receipts on caPit3
account for the half year are £560,565. Mortgages to
amount of £62,300 have been paid off, and £24,600 has be°
reborrowed at a reduced rate. The revenue account sbool;
receipts £992,373, and expenditure £544,193, leaving, aft
payment of fixed and preference charges, the soul et
£163,953, from which it is proposed to pay a dividend 8, a
the rate of 4 per cent. per annum. The interest Piti
upon the mortgage debt of the company is £42191;
against £31,613, paid during the corresponding six moot"
of last year, showing that a large saving may be
pected when the debentures aro renewed. The t°
capital authorized to be raised is £18,345,460, and the WOO
powers not exercised £3,197,241. The weekly tray
io
shows a fair amount of increase, and the dividend for t.
last six months of last year was at the rate of 8 per C°l3

per annum. 40
The business in the markets for stocks and shares
not been of an extensive character. Railway shares (3,1;
hibit greater firmness. Foreign stocks continue negloctc
they may, however, be expected to improve if no 11_,°;.,
loan is brought out, and the peace of Europe made
secure. The bargains in English securities are far fr°
large— Westminster Gazette.

COUNTRY MARKETS.