The Sun.
London, England, 1867-08-05 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, AUGUST 5, 1867.

LONDON AND NORTII-IVESTE
CALEDONIAN RAILWAYS.
WEST COAST ROUTE.

RN

AND

Improved THROUGH SERVICE of Tre
EUSTON STATION and the PRINCIPAL
SCOTLAND.

ins hei
Tow:

weon
S's in

;cs at

travel
tt 10.0
ing at

LONDON AND NORTH-WESTERN
RAILWAY.
PARIS EXHIBITION.
NOTICE TO MANUFACTURERS AND OTHERS.
Arrangements are now made for the C()NVEYANCE of
ARTIZANS, with- their Wives and Families, Factory
Hands, an44tiker,,,.workmple4linugh ktPARIS, at
VEDUCED—FAVES, by ordinary Third-Class Trains
Daily, on production of the authorised form of certificate
from their e.-riployers.
Forms of certificate, and information as to the trains and
arrangements, can be obtained on application to the book-
ing clerks at any of the principal stations.
By order,
CAWKWELL, General Manager.
Euston Station, July 25, 1867.

CONTRACT FOR MOP HEADS FOR THE ROYAL

MARINES.

Contract Department, Adm;ralty, Somerset
Rouse, August 1, 1867.
ritHE COMMISSIONERS for EXECUTING
1 the OFFICE of LORD HIGH ADMIRAL of, the
UNITED KINGDOM of GREAT BRITAIN and IRE-
LAND do hereby give Notice, that on TUESDAY, the
13th inst., at Twelve o'clock at neon, they will be ready to
treat with such persons as may be willing to'CONTRACT
for supplying and delivering into her Majesty's Victualling
Stores, at Deptford, all such quantities of

MOP HEADS
as may from time to time be demanded, for the use of the
Royal Marines, under a Contract for Twelve Months cer-
tain, and further until the expiration of Three Months'
warning.
A pattern of the mop heads may be seen at the Royal
Marine Office, Now-street, Spring-gardens, betweeh the
hours of Eleven and Two o'clock. _ _ .

No Tender will be received unless made on the printed
form provided for the purpose, and which may be obtained
on application in the Lobby of the Department of the Con-
troller of Victualling, Admiralty, Somerset House, where
the conditions of the contract may be seen.
No Tender will be received after Twelve o'clock at noon
on the day of treaty ; and it will not be required that the
party tendering, or an agent on his behalf, should attend
at the Alto on the day of contract, as the result of the
offer received from each person will be communicated to
him and his proposed sureties in writing.
Every Tender must be addressed to the Secretary of the
Admiralty, and bear in the left-hand corner the words,
" Tender for Mop Heads," and must also be delivered at
the Department of the Controller of Victualling, Admiralty,
Somerset House, signed by two responsible persons, en-
gaging to become bound with the person tendering in the
sum of £lOO for the duo performance of the Contract.

By Order,
ANTONIO BRADY,
Registrar of Contracts and Public Securities.

RAINLESS TOOTH EXTRACTION; or,
Ayres thesia Locally Applied. By A. 13 SKELL, Surgeon
Dentist. _ _ _ _

Simpkin, Marshall, and Co.; all Booksellers ; or of the
Author, at his residence, 8, Grosvenor-street, Bond-street.
Post free for Jour stamps.

TEE T 11. —Messrs. GABRIE L.
(EsrAuLtsuED 1S15).
NEW PAMPHLET, FREE BY POST FOR FOUR STAMPS,
Explaining the Painless System of Dentistry, and
self-adhesive Teeth without springs,
AT MODERATE CHARGES.
*,„* 64, LUDGATE- 8 ILL, CI nr,
*.* 66, ttoley-street. Cavendish-sq London.
*.* 131, Duke-street, Liverpool.

EARL RUSSELL ON THE EDUCATION OF
11-1 E TVORKING CLASSES.

On Saturday Earl Russell attended at the open-
ing of new school buildings at Mount Ararat, Rich-
mond, and was the principal speaker. The
Richmond British Schools were established in May,
1858. Their commencement was very small. A
boys' school was first started, soon after a girls'
school was added. The educational operations have
been up to the present carried on in the basement
story of the Vineyard Chapel. By means of goodly
subscriptions a more eligible site was secured, and
the buildings yesterday opened erected. Applica-
tion was made to Government for pecuniary assist-
ance, but the regulations of the Committee of
Council- on Education respecting such structures
not having been complied with, no grant was
allowed. In addition to what has been collected,
£O7B more will be required y next October, and
£3O remains due to the treasurer. To assist in
meeting this it was suggested to raise £350. Go-
vernment stock, so that close upon £350 remained
to be made up by next October. Mr. Nicholson,
Mr. C. Burt, and other gentlemen, fully explained
those matters to a large crowd of ladies and gentle-
men who yesterday thronged the three principal
apartments of the building. The business part of
the proceedings was followed by a luncheon.
Earl RUSSELL, in responding to the toast of his
health, said—Ladies and Gentlemen, I regret that
I was not present at the early portion of the pro-
ceedings. My excuse is that we have, for some
length of time in London, been obliged to engage
in late ing s .
hours—(a
laugh)—and last night was no
ee
exception to that practice. *lt was very late last
night when, I got home from the House of Lords,
and I have got so much mixed up with the question
now engaging that House that 1 really find it diffi-
cult to speak on any other topic. I am very proud
of the honour of having been elected president of
these, schools, more particularly as it is an
establishment having for its object the
providing education for a class that can-
not perhaps well provide it for themselves.
It seems to me that whatever we may do in Par-
liament with reference to the conferring upon vast
numbers of the working classes and the small house-
holders the right of voting, we ought to take care
to do what we have hitherto not done—that is, we
ought to see that those persons are tolerably edu-
cated, that they go to school in early life, and that
they at least know something of the three R's—
reading, writing, and arithmetic. (Laughter.) I
do not think that it is too much to ask that this
should be done. (Hear.) Certainly hitherto that
task has not been satisfactorily performed. (Hear,
hear.) For my part 1 entirely owe my c3nnection
with these schools to my father's friendliness towards
them. (Applause.) Sixty years ago he became a
friend and a patron of the system of education
started by Joseph Lancaster, and one of the earliest
recollections is, when a boy, putting on Joseph
Lancaster's hat and mimicking his manner of saluta-
tion. (A. laugh.) This naturally resulted in a de-
sire on my part to promote these schools. I must
say that from that time to this I have never changed
my mind regarding these schools. The education of
those who cannot well afford to pay for it, I con-
sider, a very serious matter, so serious a matter
that I should not like to dilate upon it at any length
just now. It has always seemed to me a very great
injustice that we make our laws fall so heavily upon
those who commit offences, while we do not teach
them in early youth the way in which they may
avoid the committal of these offences. (Hear, hear.)
I remember that during the early inquiries which I
made respecting the education of this country a
story used to be told of a boy who, I think it was
said, lived in Derbyshire. It was related of this
boy that he was found putting down snares for
the purpose of catching hares. The boy was im-
prisoned for the offence, and the chaplain of the
prison came to him and inquired what he had
been doing previously. The chaplain found out
that the boy never heard of Jesus Christ nor
of the Bible. The boy stated that he had

been employed as an agricultural" labourer six
days in the week, and that on the Sunday he
used to be engaged cleaning horses. As far
as the knowledge of the Christian religion went the
little fellow was entirely ignorant. It seems to me
to be a great injustice that in this country, where
we have the means for opening schools, we employ
all the rigours of imprisonment against those who
break through the laws, and do not give them the
knowledge whereby they may be enabled to avoid
those offences. Such beinf_v, the case, I have always
been in favour of the British School , because they
are schools for all, as William Allen used to say. It
wAs absolutely necessary that these. schools should
be in their nature secular, but they should also be
religious. The religious teaching giVen in these
schools should not, however, be of a sectarian cha-
racter. (Hear, hear.) It was, no doubt, desired
that the children should learn that particular form
of doctrine to which their parents were attached,
and which was most consistent with . their feelings ;
but while they are young boys and girls at school
they ought to be made to know what Christ has
taught and what the Apostles have preached, for
by these precepts they will be enabled to properly
guide their conduct through life. (Hear, hear.)
Ladies and gentlemen, I trust the schools opened
to-day may flourish. I trust that no very great deal
of time will elapse before the children attending
them may learn much ; that the instruction received
here may benefit them through life ; and that after
fitting themselves fir those4purSuits
.to which they
may be called they may have the time and the in-
clination to flirt her improve themselves. (Applause.)
There are many countries in Europe in which public
instruction has been provided for, but we have in
this country what I trust we shall never part with.
In this country those boys and girls who receive
education in such institutions as this are fully at
liberty to follow their own conscientiouSconvictions,
and to speak and write Without fear of punishment
what they believe to be true and good. lam happy
that such excellent schools as these are established
in this neighbourhood, and I trust that those who
have charge of them will attend as much to the health
of the children as to their intellectual instruction. I
trust that those in whose charge these children are
will do all in their power to promote their well-
being, not alone, as I have said, with regard to their
mental culture, but also their health. (Applause.) I
am happy to give you now a toast to which I am
certain you will be quite ready to respond. It is
" Prosperity to the Richmond British Schools, and
all other Institutions for the Advancement of Edu-
cation." The noble earl resumed his seat amid
much applause. _ _ _

Addresses were afterwards delivered by Mr. Car-
vell Williams, Mr. E. Chadwick, Dr. Unwin, and
other gentlemen. In the course of the evening
subscriptions towards making up the amount re-
quired were announced, including £lO from Earl
Russell.

BENJAMIN LUNDY, THE AMERICAN PIONEER

OF ANTI-SLAVERY REFORM.

The following letter has been addressed to the
editor of the Anglo. American Times:--
Sir,—The life, mission, and violent death of the
Emperor Maximilian will, by the suggestion of both
comparison and contrast, remind your American
readers of the life, mission, and peaceful end of
Benjamin Lundy. Though one was royal, the other
of humble birth, both were bold, enterprising, deter-
mined to persevere in the face of formidable obstacles,
and tenderly affectionate in their family relationships.
Before, however, tracing their characteristics and
labours, and pointing to the lesson which each
life taught, it may be of service to your
English and French readers if I briefiy.sketch the
history of Benjamin Lundy. When the slave
power was binding its chains on a sleeping nation,
Lundy first awoke, and attacking single-handed
that power, he called others to " haste to the
rescue ;" then Garrison, Tappan, Goodell, East-
man, and a host of others came, and with him
fought the good fight. He did not live to see the
full-orbed sun of emancipation, but only the grey
light indicating its approach, and he died in peace.
He was born on the 4th of Juue, 1789, in the
county of Sussex, in the state of New Jersey, of
parents who with their ancestors were members of
the Society of Friends. Though he had but feCi- op-
portunities of attending school his thirst for know-
ledge was unquenchable. He was apprenticed to a
saddler in Wheeling, in the slave state of Vir-
ginia, and desiring to be useful in his future
life he resolved to avoid the temptations
with which he was surrounded. " Every suf-
ferer has an advocate in the heart of every
other man," and when he saw the coffles of
slaves passing through the city, and heard the wail-
ing of the captive, he resolved to labour for their
emancipation. 's Removing to the free• State of Ohio
he married. " I had then," he says, " a loving wife
and two beautiful daughters, that it was real hap-
piness to possess and to cherish. I was at peace
with my neighbours, and knew not that I had an
enemy ; I had boughf; a lot and built myself a com-
fortable house; all my wants and those of my lovely
family were fully supplied; my business was in-
creasing, and prosperity seemed to smile before me."
Lamenting, however, the sad condition of the en-
slaved, he devoted himself to the anti-slavery reform,
and „commenced, in 1821, the publication of a
monthly anti-slavery paper, the Genius of Universal
Emancipation. He also, with comparative safety,
travelled in several of the Slave States, lec-
tured on slavery and formed anti-slavery societies,
for then the political strength of the slave powers
was not revealed, and the religion of the South was
not so corrupt as it afterwards became. Owing to
the spread of anti-slavery truth many slaveholders
determined to emancipate their slaves. The freed-
men, however, were compelled by law to leave•the
South. To provide a home for them, and to en-
courage the spirit of emancipation, Lundy visited
Hayti, Mexico, and Canada. " Emancipation," he
said, " with me is a primary object, and I cannot
for a moment think of joining in any of the colo-
nising schemes that may be invented, if they shall
not have that object in view." In 1823 he sent a
file of his paper, the Genius of Emancipation, and
a letter to Boyer, then President of the Haytian
RepUblic, and received an answer from B. Inginac,
the Haytian Secretary of State, conveying Presi-
dent Boyer's thanks for the " excellent work
done" and the letter, and assuring him "that
the descendants of Africa. would find a bro -
therly reception in Hayti should they choose
to come there, and would also receive each
one a grant of land suited to the cultivation of
coffee." In 1828 ho visited Hayti, with eighty-
eight freed men, emancipated by their holder, a
young man in Virginia. Lundy also persuaded the
" Friends " in the State of North Carolina to send
thither 119 slaves who were under their care, and
could not by law be free except by migrating be-
yond the limits of the State. In 1829 he again
visited Hayti, taking with him twelve slaves eman-
cipated by a Marylander. After his return he ob-
tained the aid of William Lloyd Garrison in the
editorship
his paper,
the Genius of Emancipation,
d set
outof
a a tour to lecture, but was soon
an
obliged to return, as the slavetraders had, by means
of a slaveholding judge, imprisoned Garrison for his
attack on their nefarious traffic. In 1830-1 he
visited Canada and Texas, wishing to see the condi-
tion of the refugee slaves in Canada, and to esta-
blish a settlement of that class of population in
Texas, with a view to the cultivation of sugar, cotton,
and rice by free labour. In the slave states he
travelled in disguise, otherwise his life would have
been in danger. He was not able to remain long
enough in Texas to accomplish' his object. Mean-
time his paper had been conducted by Evan Lewis.
In 1833 he again visited Texas and Mexico. In
his travels the grass was often his- couch at night,
and he frequently had to resort to his trade to re-
plenish his exhausted funds. More than once

he was attacked by cholera, but by the use of
laudanum and camphor cured himself and others
also. Visiting Brazoria, San Felijee, and liexar, he
arrived at Monctora, then the capital of the State of
Coahuila and Texas, and pity:A his request for a
grant of land for the freedmen before the Secre-
tary and the Governor of the State. Bat there
were difficulties in his way from the policy,of Santa
Anna, then President of Mexico, from the laws and
Born the preliminary efforts of the slave party in
the United States to rob Mexieb of Texas. To
guird against this party a law wai passed. by the
Mexican. Congress in 1830, which prohibited
granting any lands to citizens of the United States.
This law was repealed by the Mexican Congress
while Lundy was at Mouelone, but Santa Anna, in
signing it, postponed its operation for six mouths.
Lundy arranged with an Englishman, Mr. J.
Blackaller, to obtain •the land for him, and hold it
till the law should come into operation, while he
himself would return to the United States and
obtain persons to settle upon it. To Santa Anna
Lundy sent a portrait of General Washington and
a letter; and received in reply a polite letter of
thanks from the President. Before, however, the
law came into operation there was a revolution.
Froin the time'. of the expulsion of Iturbide, in
1823, there had been in Mexico two parties—the
Federalists and the Centralists. The former were
in favour of State Governments, under a supreme
Federal Government, as in the United States, and as
established by the Mexican Constitution of 1821; but
the latter, the Centralists, were in favour of the
annihilatibn of the State Governments. In 1834
Santa Anna went over from the Federal to the Cen-
tral party, and in 1835 the Federal system was
abolished and a single Central Government estab-
lished in its place.. By this revolution the law in
which the hopes of Lundy were placed failed to
come into operation. . _ .

• Lundy, after his arrangements with Blackaller,
returned to the United States, where he remained a
few weeks stirring to renewed efforts the anti-slavery
friends, and then hastened back to Mexico, where,
to his great disappointment, he found that a new
law had been passed, prohibiting the grant of any
more lands in that portion of Mexico. Ile next
visited Victoria, the capital of the Mexican State
of Tamaulipas, and succeeded in obtaining from
the Governor and Council one hundred and
thirty thousand acres of land on condition of
his introducing 250 settlers, tith their families.
He returned to the United States, and in ascending
the Ohio river took a deck passage. The captain
hearing his name invited him to a free passage in
the cabin, as he had long known his efforts. A pas-
senger gave him $2O, and he learned that William
Turpin, of New York, had left him a legacy of
$1,500. He continued unweariedly his labours.
But when the pro-slavery party burned Pennsyl-
vania Hall, in Philadelphia, Lundy met with a
great loss. He was preparing to remove to Illinois,
and had placed in one of the rooms of the hall his
papers, books, clothes, and everything of value
except his journal to Mexico. All were consumed
in the conflagration. Ile wrote, however, "I am
not disheartened though everything of earthly
value (in the shape of property) is lost. Let us
persevere in the good cause. We shall assuredly
triumph yet." He resumed the publication of the
Genius of Liberty atLowell, La Salle County, Illinois,
in association with Z. Eastman, Esq., the American
Consul in this city. In August, 1838, he was attacked
by a fever prevalent in that part of the country.
On the 22d, being told by his physician that Us end
was probably approaching, he replied that he felt
better; "he felt as if he were in Paradise." At
eleven p.m. he breathed his last without a groan or
a struggle. _ .

In person he was slightly under the middle size,
slender in form ; his complexion and hair were
light and rather sandy, his temperament sanguine,
his disposition cheerful and sprightly, mid his man-
ners- gentle and very unassuming. In Benjamin
Lundy were combined the qualifications of several of
the members of the same religious body who forty
years previously had done good service in the cause.
He had the pen of Anthony Benezet, the moral
courage of Saudiford, the tenderness cf conscience
of Woolman, and the benevolence of Lay, without
his eccentricity. His humanity and strong faith
made his purpose indomitable, and these, with his
great patience and self-denial, qualified him to be a
pioneer in the Anti-slavery Reform.