The Sun.
London, England, 1858-11-22 00:00:00

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BRITISH SQLDIERS IN DU EAST.

The people of I;;”gland are be,ginuilug at length
to refiect.that, if India is froth )ienciiforth mainly
,to be Maintained by British frOoriiihe foremost
matter to be does to is how best to:preserve the
health and 'economise the energies. of. the men.
They are right in this these' are the very first
things to be considered. we havi- hitherto pro-
ceeded either as if they _were the last, or as if there
was no particular occasion - for bestowing any
consideration .on them at , all. Unfit"- -within
the last ten years the Horse Guards acted. as if
their aim ;had been to destroy and demoralise the
men as fast . *as p33sible, . and the mutinies
themselves have not half the lives to answer
for Whitehall red-tape has- destroyed within the
past 20; years.. The men were provided with the
heaviest and most inefficient weapons and worst
possible clothing, to begin with ; these we shall
pass by, as the home authorities begin to see the
error of their ways, and amend: A rigid attention
to the regulations, . as the regulations in these
matters were wont to be attesided to, would have
lost us last year's _campaign. By-some extraordinary
arrangementthe men were, till 1850,in ihree :fourths
of cases, -despatched
.so as to -be sure of urriving
during the rainy season, when their services
could not be requited, • and their, health
iras certain to suffer. The allowance* of intoxi-
cating liquor daring the
_voyage was such as to
one-half of them drunkards before they
touched Indian ground at all. The Horse Guartis
never condescended, to consult the India House as
to the date of despatch; loraid the hinne railitarV
powers deeni it requisite-to state .beforehand for
What presidency troops were intended. -A regi-.
meat turned up Of. a rainy morning at Bombay or
Madras which the military authorities at these
places respectively believe& on its way to Calcutta,
when the -barracks- were damp, moss-grown, or
mildewed, and not- the slightest preparation had
been made for the reception of troops. The
remedy for this last was brought about by a
newspaper. On hearing the matter made constant
subject of complaint, and being assured that no re-
presentations sent to the Home authorities received
the slightest _attention, we, in 1841, caused our
London Correspondent -to insert in his shipping
list the namber of men embarked, and the place of
their destination. • W.e are speaking under the most
rigid review of facts; all these things were duly
tabled at the time, with
the full approval of autho-
rity. The men, as already stated, on arriving in
the rains, were started for the Deccan as quickly as
possible ; but it is only within these ten years that
the slightest shelter on the way was provided for
them ; on they marched through floods of water under
deluges of rain, sleeping in swamps for six. nights
on end. The transfer from Bombay to Poona com-
monly in these'days cost 1 per cent.' in- the course
of a fortnight, or at the rate of 24 per cent. on,
the year, had this rate of mortality been kept up.
As we had taught the men to drink on the voyage
out it was but natural the accomplishment should
be kept up, so every morning, when the stomach in
the East is most weak and languid, and tea and coffee
are naturally wished to soothe it, we fired off the
" morning dram"—a dose of red-hot poison, to in-
flame the blood and bowels and create a thirst other
drams could alone allay. Old officers told you that the
abolition of this would create universal mutiny. In
the first year of his reign the Marquis of Dalhousie
said the abomination should cease, and it did cease;
the most inveterate drunkard was ashamed to com-
plain, all but confirmed
.drunkards held it as a
blessing to be kept aloof from temptation. All these
things came to pass within 10 years to the •saving
of the lives of thousands; until within these 20
years none of them ever' seem to have been thought
of. So far have we done well, but wo have barely
made a beginning. The task before us when once
commenced will be found quite as easy as those.
now seem that have been performed, and infinitely
more important.—Bombay Standard, Oct, 14.

THE RIGHT HON. B. P. BOUVERIE, AT
KILMAPNOCK.

On Thursday the Right lion. E. P. Douverie
M.P., addressed a meeting of his constituents. In
the course of his speech he said he did not think
that either himself or his constituents need to .be
convinced of the expediency of parliamentary re-
form ; they had 'all been of that opinion for a long
time. Now, one important and main part of any
future reform bill must be an extension of the fran-
chise. (Cheers.) No bill without including that
would deserve the name of reform ; for they all
knew that there were large classes of people in this
country who were quite competent to use the suf-
frage, and who ought to have it. If Lord Derby
proposed a measure that would enfranchise these
masses, he would have his hearty support—(ap-
plause)—for he was very strongly in favour of
granting political liberty to all classes. A man was
a better man for the possession of the franchise, if
he has the ability to use it. He thought thereyere
a great many of his fellow-men who could use it
creditably; and he saw no reason far their not
having it at once. The true theory of governing
'was to give the greatest amount possible of political
liberty that was consistent with good order and
just laws in society, and the franchise should only
be restricted when its extension would interfere
therewith. (Applause.) There was another point
connected with the subject of reform which he was
not quite of the • same opinion as was often
entertained—he referred to what was called equal
electoral districts. Now, it was a favourite
notion that there should be electoral equality in
this country. That did not mean the country was
to be cut up into squares like a chess board, and so
many representatives appointed to each. It meant
that the number of representatives should be deter-
mined by the amount of the population. He owned
that he was not in favour of that proposal. He
was quite of opinion that there were a great many
small places that might justly be disfranchised anti
their members given to larger constituencies. That
would be a good thing ; and so far he wanted a
change in the electoral districts. But he was
against settling the matter entirely by population.
He did not-know that it would be for the advan-
tage of the kingdom if London, with its population
equal to that of Scotland, returned as many mem-
bers as the latter did, nor did he think that it
would be advantageous to the Kilmarnock Burghs
if Glasgow, with her 400,000 inhabitants, were
permitted to represent her peculiar habits and
pursuits and feelings by ten times as many as
themselves. Then, let them, look at the allotment
of representatives to Ireland and the^ country that
gives the smallest number of members to popula-
tion. Now, if they had recourse to population for
deciding the number of members, they must at
once
.grant fifty additional .to Ireland. He re-
spected the Irish members, but he did not know
nor did he think they were prepared to say that
the Irish element should be increased so much
(Hear, hear.) He put it to them, whether they
thought' the country would get on better if London
were permitted 'to send one•sixth of the whole
Members of Parliament, and remarked that,
while he would be Satisfied to destroy some of the
smaller burghs with 300 or 400 voter's, it would not
be advantageous to distribute the representation
entirely according to population. He concluded an
address, which occupied upwards of an hour in the
delivery, by a reference to the long friendship
which had existed between his constituency and
himself, and remarked that, though he might. not
have done exactly in conformity with ti ieir viewbests
when the emergency called.him,
he had, te the
of his ability, acted upon his judgment of what was
best for the interests of the country ; and he was
quite sure that they believed and felt/that, on the
whole, they would be better represented by , his
if
he',
pursuing such a course of conduct,. than
every occasion, considered himself merely as
mouth-piece.
A vote of thanks was unanimously passed to Mr.
Bouyerie at the conclusion of his address.

NEW FINE ART SociEvz.--The newly esta-
blished " Society for the Encouragement of the Fne Arts"
is rapidly maturing 'its plans, and will, .we understand,
come before the public with a detailed programme in the
course of a few dave. It speaks well for its prospects that
it has the Earl of Carlisle for its president, and that amongst
its vice-presidents are the names of the Earl of Ellesmere,
Lord Foversham, &c. The inaugural meeting. will tka
place towards the end of the month, or on an early day in
Dec amber. . •

[ADYFatTisptENT:l—Rarey's Horse and Cattle Impro -
iag Food is equally adapted to improve the stamina of ill-
conditioned 'Horses, Cows, Bullocks, Calves, Sheep, and
Pigs. It causes no extra expense, as it contains far more
and better nourishment than its cost of lid. per feed sup-
plies in corn and hay; hence ensures an actual saving in
the keep. But its principal advantages are a great improve-
ment in the difrestive functions, the stamina and general
condition of horses enabling them to perform far mor-
labour without getting distressed. It imparts new vigo
sr
to sick, debilitated, or old apparently worn-out horses, and
it puts rapidly the finest flesh on cattle generally, and im-
proves the milk' in cows, as it enables them to extract ti_,
entire nourishment out of everything they feed on. Itarey
and Co., 77, Regent's Quadrant, Piccadilly, Londe'.
10
Packed in tins of about 90 feeds, lls.; in casks of about 4
feeds, 50s. ; of about 11000 feeds, Z 5, being ' about lid. per