The Sun.
London, England, 1867-10-02 00:00:00

"WS SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, ocroßEtt 2, 1867

from Mr. A. DI JRHAM, and it was a practical one.
The students in this hospital have many advan-
tages from die numerous cases before them for
study, an' 3, as the lecturer truly observed,
a man V could not learn his duties so well
at a Eit nall hospital as at a large one. By
extended observation he learned that no two
cases are ever exactly alike, and that the treatment
applied to each should be adapted to its special re-
quirements. To sum up his advice in a few words,
he urged the students around him to " observe cor-
rectly, to examine carefully, and to investigate
thorough 4." Many mistakes may be made in the
history o f science, because men will not take the
trouble to follow these plain rules, and in conse-
quence were compelled to guess at results rather than
to draw their own conclusions from experience.
Some sensible observations were made in conclusion
respecting the faults and flaws that exist in the
profession, and which do more harm than even the
" quackery without."

At King's College Professor MILNER gave an
admirable address, and directed his observations
especially to those who, just entering upon their
task, saw with dismay what lay before them. He
impressed upon them that the most important part
of a man's education was that which he gained
himself. Among other counsel which the learned
Professor gave to his young hearers was the import-
ance of having some rest in their arduous avocations;
and the due observance of Sunday was, he said,
of value for health, besides being a religious duty.
This is a mistake often made at the present time,
when people are apt to think that they cannot do
too much, and persist in forgetting the importance
of rest. At the University College the address
was delivered by Professor HEWITT, who confined
his remarks principally to the treatment of disease,
concerning which he made some very rational
observations, and he directed some notice
to the importance of the nutritive treat-

meat being rightly adopted. Dr. LETIIEBY,
at the London Hospital, made some interesting
remarks. He said that 87 years ago their pre-
decessors met in that Hospital to inaugurate the
first medical session in the metropolis ; and if
those earnest men that day assembled could rise
from their graves and see them now assembled
with their educational work before them they
would feel wonder and admiration. Altogether
we may consider that these addresses are full of
hope and promise, and seem to indicate that the
changes which must inevitably take place in the
medical profession, as in others, aro for the most
part in the right direction ; and here, as elsewhere,
we may notice much greater freedom from pre-
judice than in former times.

The Reform League apparently are not inclined
to enjoy their holiday. Now that the troublesome
bill has actually been carried through both houses,
and has received the Royal assent, they might, one
would think, be inclined to let politics alone for
awhile. But they possess so much redundant
energy that they feel themselves capable not only
of putting their own country in order, but of
regulating the affairs of other nations. They are
willing not only to assistLordDEßnv, or, if need be,
Mr. GLADSTONE, in managing the business of Great
Britain, but they are quite ready to give the benefit
of their opinions to King VICTOR EMMANUEL
and his Cabinet. Just now they are determined
to_make the weight of their displeasure felt abroad,
and accordingly a public meeting was held last
evening at St. James's Hall, under the presidency of
Mr. EDMUND BEALES, for the purpose of express-
ing their sympathy with GARIBALDI, and their
indignation at his imprisonment. The speeches
were all to this effect, and were more or less
vehement. Ricciom GARIBALDI was among the
speakers, and was, of course, listened to with deep
interest and attention, as his own reputation and
his father's fame deserved. But we may remind the
Leaguers that the position of the Italian Government
is a difficult and a critical one, and that, in pursuance
of the principles of liberty and toleration which they
so loudly profess, they should be a little less ready
in their wholesale denunciations of persons at a dis-
tance, who are acting from motives which they are
unable to understand, and amid circumstances with
which they are totally unfamiliar. It is too much
the habit of the present day to show our own
wisdom and liberty by abusing every one else, and
the Reformers of London will not benefit the cause
of oppressed nationalities, nor raise their own re-
putation for political sagacity by embroiling them-
selves with every one who does not think, speak,
and act exactly after their pattern.

and precision that they are very useful for purposes
where large and complicated machinery is not re-
quired. It is said that the motive power is the
most economical yet produced. The origin of these
little vertical machines is rather remarkable. The
inventor of them had long been endeavouring to
solve the problem of aerial navigation, and
his researches were devoted to the endeavour
to discover a motive power at once light,
powerful, and occupying little space. The
boiler has all the accessories of a large steam
engine, but reduced to the smallest possible dimen-
sions. This was the first idea which led to the
construction of these vertical portable machines,
which are now employed with great advantage and
economy.

During the work of restoration in the church of
St. Graville, Sainte Honorine, near Havre, a sarco-
phagus has been discovered, and, from the researches
made by the Abbe Cochet, inspector of historical
and religious monuments of the Seine Inferieur,
there is no doubt that here was the tomb of Sainte
Honorine, the patroness saint of the church. The
form of the coffin does not present any of the types
of the middle age, and from the character of the
stone and other circumstances it is believed to be of
the 4th or sth century, and, consequently, confirma-
tory of the tradition that this tomb is that of Sainte
Honorine.

Accounts from Boulogne-sur-Mer state that the
herring fishery has been very successful on several
days lately.
According to the Belgian papers there is now no
doubt that the cattle disease has manifested itself at
the Garden of Acclimatation at Liege. The garden
has been placed under a sort of quarantine, and
every precaution has been adopted.
Considerable excitement wag produced in Paris
last June by the discovery of a mutilated body.
The head was found near St. Denis, and the trunk
in the canal St. Martin. The mutilated remains
have been minutely examined, and have been iden-
tified by his son, as those of a farmer named Dugue,
who resided at Meux. The police have also dis-
covered that the deceased had been to sell some hay
at St Denis, and that be had been in company with
a man named Charles Armain, who is supposed to
have murdered and then robbed him. Armain
has been taken into custody, and will be tried for
the murder at the next aassizes of La Seine.

PARIS, Tuesday Evening.
The letters from Florence state that, notwith-
standing the removal of Garibaldi, the Italian
Government intends to continue its precautions to
prevent any insurrectional attempt against the
Pontifical frontiers.

The German papers mention that the committee
of the Nationalverein at their last sitting decided
upon submitting to the next general assembly, the
period for the meeting of which is not yet fixed,
the question of the dissolution of the Nationalverein.

It appears that Garibaldi was liberated by the
Italian Government without any conditions, as will
be seen by the following letter from him addressed
to the director of the Movinzento on his passage
through Genoa :

" Genoa, Sept. 27, 1867.
"In the citadel of Alessandria the offer was
made to me to go in full liberty to Caprera, and
without any conditions. To avoid all.equivocation,
I beg you to publish this.—Faithfully yours,
" G. GARIBALDI."

Various manifestations were made in favour of
Garibaldi at Genoa before his embarkation for
Caprera. They are, however, to be considered

rather as demonstrations of personal feeling than
as marks of sympathy with the foolish expedition
he was about to attempt. There are papers here,
however, which affect to believe that the arrest of
Garibaldi at Sinalunga is not to be considered as a
check upon the efforts of those revolutionists who

think it possible that they will be able to bring
about the overthrow of the temporal power of the
Pope. The journals, whose information is to be
relied upon, treat such a consummation as impos-
sible.

The splendid mausoleum erected to the memory
of the Duke de Morny in the cemetery of Pero
Lachaise is just fiuished. It is a beautiful and very
artistic monument. The architect is M. Viollet Le
Duc, and it was constructed by M. Victor Lemaine.
It is situated on the western summit of the elevated
ground which dominates over Paris, not far from

the tombs' of Casimir Delavigne, the poet, and
Honore de Balzae. The tomb is surrounded by a
small garden filled with beautiful flowers.

The environs of Fontainebleau are again in
excitement. Very near to the spot where Madame
Mertens was murdered there has been another
murder. A dead body has been discovered in a
state of decomposition and much devoured by in-
sects. It has been identified as that of an inhabi-

,ant of Fontainebleau, who had been missing for
some weeks. The deceased is known to have gone
out with a watch and chain, money, and jewellery,
the possession cf which was, no doubt, the motive
of the robbery.
Vice-Admiral the Marquis du Bouzet, whose
death was recently announced, was one of the sur-
vivors of the last voyage of Dumont d'Urville to
the South Pole. He made many long voyages. At
twenty years old he had made a sea voyage of four
years, and a voyage round the world under the
orders of M. Bougainville. In d'Urville's expedi-
tion he had the second command. His naval skill
and nautical knowledge were so appreciated by M.
d'Urville that the great navigator wished to ap-
point him his successor.in his projected important
voyages of discovery, and he was making further
preparations for another expedition when Death
selected him for a victim. The Vice-Admiral had
made voyages of discovery or in aid of science to
the Brazil; although ho passed much of his life in
the South Sea. He also rendered much service to
commerce. It was he who founded the first
establishment in New Caledonia. The Emperor
conferred the Legion of Honour upon him. His
great passion was study and travel.
There is an exhibition here,which, if not an agree-
able one, is at all events very wonderful. A tribe
of 26 persons, male and female, from Algeria, called
the Aissa Houas, are to be seen at the Athletic Arena
in the Rue Lepelletier, who go through some
strange performances, mystic dances, eating fire and
swallowing serpents. The tantams boat monoton-
ously during a curious ballet. One of these young
Arabs puts a large piece of burning charcoal in his
mouth and crunches it with his teeth. A piece which
fell down burnt a hole in the floor, so there is no
deception. A large piece of window glass was given
to another, which crumbled in his teeth, and was
eaten with voracity. The teeth of the fire eaters
are burnt and the gums calcined. While they eat
the fire they make horrible contortions. A box of
adders was brought in. An Arab selected one, and
while the irritated reptile put out its sting he first
bit off its head and then ate it all. You could hear
the noise of the eater's teeth, and the blood ran
upon his lips. The music of the tantams and kettle-
drums accompanied this epicurean feast. There are
other similar things to be seen, but this perhaps is
enough of them. The name of Aissa Houha,
according to " The Dictionary of the Nineteenth
Century," is given in Algeria to men who eat ser-
pents and pass for sorcerers. They also form a
Mussulman religious order, founded by Sidi Aissa.
Among the notabilities now in Paris is Prince
Augustus Cosme Iturbide, a man about 40, the son
of the Emperor Augustus the First, who for a time
occupied the throne of Mexico, and whose career
was terminated in the same unpleasant manner as
that of the Emperor Maximilian.
The price of bread has risen three times within
the last six weeks in Paris, although all the bakers
did not take advantage of the last rise, which oc-
curred a few days ago. The subject is beginning to
create much interest in Paris, because some fears
have existed of a scarcity of wheat. During the
first ten days of September the importation of wheat
and flour into France rose to 187,243 metrical
quintals, whilst the exportation of the same articles
was only to the extent of 7,118 metrecal quintals.
From this fact it ensues that from the Ist to the 10th
of September the importations of corn exceeded the
exportations by more than 18 millions of kilo-
grammes (a kilogramme is 211)s.), which circum-
stance must necessarily have an influence upon the
price of bread. The excise duty levied upon corn

or flour coming into Paris is the fifth of a sou per
kilogramme.

A Paris literary and scientific journal devotes
considerable space to a searching summary of the
most remarkable objects exhibited, both French and
foreign, and it may be satisfactory to your readers
who have relied upon the humble but impartial
judgment which I have formed of them from time
to time to learn that they entirely confirm my
appreciations. Due credit is given to the wonderful
progress made by English manufacturers in many
branches, but at the same time it is proved to
demonstration by the awards of the juries, and the
opinions of the French press generally, that France
has maintained her superiority in regard to costly
articles of taste and luxury, such as furniture,
jewellery, china, and crystal products, and clock
and watch machinery. Au unusual number of
articles have been written by men of acknowledged
mechanical skill to prove that French watches have
overcome the prejudice once entertained against
them, and that the leading watchmakers, of whom
M. Detouche is acknowledged head, can produce a
good watch, perfect in every respect, at as cheap, if
not a cheaper rate, than any manufacturers in
Europe. The Geneva watches are now good, but
Paris watches are better.

The weather is again gloomy and stormy, and
the cold north wind seems determined to maintain
its unpleasant ascendancy.

LA TEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

SWITZERLAND.

BERNE, OCt. 2.

President Fornerod has retired from the Swiss
Federal Council, and is about to undertake the
post of chairman of the Swiss Credit Mobilier at

THE HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT.

THE REV. ALFRED BARRY TO THE RESCUE.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Sin,--In the letter which appeared in the Times
last week on the Pugin and Barry controversy,
signed " Alfred Barry," there are two points so
curious as coming from such a source as to make it
worth while at least to take note of them. The
first point is the reckless and most unbecoming
manner in which the rev. gentleman not only
throws out imputations against Mr. E. W. Pugin,
but endeavours, by an artful juxtaposition of the
witnesses on both sides of the controversy, to con-
vey an imputation which he dare not openly state
against the antecedents and character of Mrs. Mares.
Mrs. Mares is in truth a most damaging witness
against Sir Charles Barry. She can speak of her
own knowledge of many of the facts contained in
the suppressed correspondence between Sir Charles
Barry and the late Mr. Pugin, and she is also in a
position to give the true history of the letter of 1845,
in which, solely to save Sir Charles Barry's credit,
Mr. Pugin disclaimed the ownership of designs which
he had sold to Sir Chas. Barry for a sum of money,
and for the glory, as Sir Charles phrased it, of esta-
blishing Gothic architecture in England. Such a
witness is, no doubt, inconvenient to the three
Messrs. Barry, but that is not a right reason why
imputations without a tittle of evidence should be
thrown out against the character of Mrs. Mares.
These unworthy imputations against Mrs. Mares
and against Mr. E. W. Pugin himself —lmplied
rather than stated—are as cowardly as they are
untrue, for were they boldly stated the writer could
be called upon either to substantiate or retract
them.

The second remarkable point in the Rev. Mr. A.
Barry's letter is the confession that Sir Chas. Barry
retained letters which were lent to him, and refused
to return them to the rightful owner because they
might " compromise living persons and existing
firms." Ilabonus con fitentem reum. The public, 1
imagine, will draw its own conclusions from the
retention of the famous 76 letters by Sir C. Barry;
at all events they cannot help being struck by the
fact that on one side in this controversy there is an
eager and reiterated demand for the production of
every scrap of evidence referring to the matter under
dispute, and on the other a manifest desire to sup-
press every document, every letter in the voluminous
correspondence between Mr. Pugin and Sir Charles
Barry which could by any possibility throw light
upon the controversy as to who was in reality the
architect of the Houses of Parliament.
I am, sir, yours, &c.,

DELTA.

The New Process for Making Chlorine.

Both Mr. Isham Baggs and Mr. Walter Weldon
continue, at considerable length, in the Mining
Journal of Saturday last, the correspondence in
which they are now setting forth their rival claims
to the credit of being the Discoverer of the New
Process of Making Chlorine. Not assuming to be
expressly a scientific organ, like the Mining Journal,
from which we extracted with due acknowledgment
the two first letters of Mr. Baggs and Mr. Weldon,
we regret that we cannot find room in our columns

for the continuance of their correspondence further
than by quoting here, from the Mining Journal of
Saturday, the following P.S. to the letter of Mr.
Isham Baggs—a postscript, as will be seen, con-
taining within it a letter and a testimonial

The following letter and testimonial, which have
been addressed to me, and which I now submit to
the intelligence of your readers and the public
generally, carry with them their own argument, and
need no further remark from me :
"Paper Mills, Ilford, Sept. 24.—1 n reply to your letter I
have carefully read your article in the Mining Journal, of
Sept. 14, on the new process for making chlorine, and I
feel great pleasure in stating that I can bear witness to all
the facts brought forward by you in reference to the sup-
posed new process. Ido hereby testify that at these very
mills, which have been many years under my control, you
have made great quantities of chlorine and bleach by the
methods specified in your paper of the 14th inst. ; thatyon
have used at different periods many tons of lime and other
materials, and that you always employed the oxide of
manganese so restored by you for making fresh chlorine.
I am further aware that the same system was acted upon
by you to a great extent at " The Tovil Upper Mills,"
Maidstone, and I am more than surprised to find that anyone,
appearing to devote attention to such matters, could think'
of bringing forward as a new process what is already so
well known. Several of my workmen gladly forward
their corroborative evidence to the same effect. Their
united testimony I have annexed.—THONlAS FAItRANDS."
TESTIMONIAL.—We the undersigned hereby declare and
bear witness that the statements contained in the letter of
Mr. Isham Beggs, as published in the Mining Jonrnal of
Sept. 14, are true and correct, relative to the manufacture
of chlorine and bleach, and the continuous regeneration by
him of the manganese, as precipitated by means of lime.—
A. Gardner, engineer; James Tyas, engineer; George
Church, engineer; W. H. Jinkins, boiler and bleacher; J.
Barnes, engineer ; Thos. Church, boiler and bleacher—all
of the Ilford Paper Mills.

If this is not sufficient evidence to establish my
claim to priority in this invention, I can readily
obtain from the Tovil Upper Mills another batch of
names whenever I am called upon.—ISHAM BAGGS.