The Sun.
London, England, 1860-03-06 00:00:00

MEDICAL ADVICE.

DR. LA'MERT, Registored L.§.A., Honorary
Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, M.D.
the University of Erlangen, &c., may be CONSULTED
on all cases of Debility, Nervousness, and en the Secret In
nrmities of Youth and 31aturi!y, from Eleven till Two and
from Six till Eight, at his residence, ,
37, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON

x p e nocte ,
hiswith
W onruk
,-
EditionNPertwee S 1
Dr. La'Mert has2.sijualsitdpcuabsleissl.lead,
PRESERVATION,
awihericohuswiEinl
gbreasvennStEfreeF,- in a sealed envelope, by Mann, U.
CONTENTS.
Cornhill, London, or by the Author, for Eight stamps.
SECTION I.—The Physiology of the Generative Organs.
True and False Morality.
SECTION H.—Puberty- -Manhood -The Morale of Genera-
lye Physiolo..Y—Social,and Physical
Relations—lts Expectancies and Disappmntrrieng.—sotidvoan-
SECTION 111.—Marriage in its Moral,
rages of Physical Contrasts in securing Healthy
of Sterility in both Sexes—Self-inflicted Miseries..
SECTION IV.—Spermatorrlicea and mpotence The causesn
SECTION V. -The Vices of Schools—Effects of certain per-
cicious habits on the mental and zeneral faculties.
SECTION Vl.—Treatment of Nervous and Generative De-
bility—lmpotence and Sterility—Dangerous Results of
various hazardous Specifics --The Author's Principles of
Treatrhent; Medical, Dietetic, and General, derived from
Twenty Years' successful practim,
The above work is intr dPd for the perusal of those who
have in early life been induced to swerve from the strict rules
of morality. In its cages facts of par .mount utility are
brought together, wholly' divested of tne delusions and incon-
sistencies so largely introduced into certain quasi medical
publications given to the world gratis, under the guise of
philanthropy, or as "acts of gratitude," by pretended clergy-
men and others, whose tamperings with the constitution are
frequently followed by serious corkoequences.

gas
hea
QIGTIT AND HEARING.— SPECTACLES.—
stt.
1.../ POWERFUL TELESCOPES.—OPERA, RACE, and
PERSPECTIVE GLASSES. Messrs. S. and B. Solo-
mons, Opticians, 39, Albemarle-street, Piccadilly. Observe
—opposite the York Hotel, W.—Deafness.—New Dis-
covery.—The Organic Vibrator, an extraordinarily power-
ful small newly-invented instrument for Deafness,
ntirely different from all others, surpasses anything of the
kind that has been, or probably ever can be, produced. Being
od
pattleooiraswteuefh:
entirely
pet;
rt
ee.iistrnyrahestmeleosylon.
uisnrc
The great
removed,
obeg:
verset
aeae daaradenets;sdte tiaareshnoee: endivden.assneaknistttitAel
inayosal,:saf
fieootsofo:enf
derived
evssuht
rier:arevoyhlealperceptible.
tnhnafdnedteooasmitots fpe assistancesutth public
elnali
aitsnert enables
inven-
tionp
is, that vision becoming- impaired is preserved and
strengthened, and very aged persons are enabled to em-
ploy their sight at the most minute occupation--can see
with those lenses of a much less magnifying power, and they
do not repire the frequent changes to the dangerous effects
of further powerful assistance. Opera, Race-course, Field,
and general Outdoor Day and Night Perspective Glasses,
'very small, for the waistcoat pocket, each containing* 12 and
.8 lenses, constructed of German glass. Will show distinctly
persons to know them at two-and-a-Half and three miles,
Ind an abject from eitht to ten miles distant. Her Majesty's
'oast guards are making use of them as day and night glasses
preference to all others; they are also preferred for deer-
•talklntr by sportsmen, gentlemen, and gamekeepers. Tele-
,copes 3! inches long, by which a person may be clearly seen
aid known at :4 miles, and an object st 12 to 14 miles dis-
ranee ; and with an extra astronomical eye-piece, Jupiter's
noon's. Stiturn's rings, and the double stars are distinctly
cell. All the above can be had of larger and all sizes, with
,nereasing powers, and are • secured b, her Majesty's Royal
Lett, rs Patent. The Royal Exhibition, 1851. A valuable,
aiwly-invented, very small, powerful Waistcoat-pocket
Glass, the size of a walnut, by which a person can be
.een and known one and a half mile distant. They an 7
To-ic,LesN.retcyo,pinutrrpyossemonnerythaenaß aschei-pass uairlieeclaenard
vat
stehene Oat u
Opera-
at
four
to six miles. They are in,,aluable for shooting, deer-
stalking, yachting-, to sportsmen, gentlemen, gamekeepers,
and tourists. Price 30s. Magic Lanterns and Microscopes
—Drawing-room end Scientific Amusements—Valuable im-
provements in Compound Microscopes, To magnify 17,000
tines, 1::f 58. ' • 35,000, £1 tos.; 70,000, .efi 10s. Prices from £1
to £o.)—Magic Lanterns,' Dissolving views, with improved
German Lenses, giving a clear disc from 11; tO 10 feet diameter.
Eveky description of Optical, Mathematical, and Philosophi-
cal Instruments of the highest characten 39, Albemarle-
street, Piccadilly. Observe—opposite the York Hotel, W.

(Rom the Morning Herald.)
A few nights ago Mr. Crawford asked Sir Chas.
of
f. prepared
paper
tNoVopoudrs‘uveh ai
nt croeuferrseentcheet
oGovernment
iws se ur ee
money in India. The Secretary of State for India
replied that a plan had been some time since for-
warded by the Government of India for establish-
ing a note circulation ; that the scheme was enter-
tained by the authorities at home, and that Mr.
Wilson was about to carry it into execution. The
amount was not determined upon at present. " But,"
said Sir Charles Wood, " the object of the Govern-
ment was to establish in India a circulation issued
by Government on the same footing as the notes
sent from this country were issued by the issuing
branch of the Bank of England. They would be al-
together independent of any bank which might be
already in operation." The intimate connection
between trade and commerce and a sound and ex-
panding system of banking is too well appreciated
to require any comment. At present the only banks
of importance in India are those of Bengal, Madras,
and Bombay, but they have not any branches, and
the aggregate capital of the three united is under
I:2,000,000, or exactly, according to the estimates
of Mr. Mackenzie, £1,892,500. Their notes afford ,
facilities in the presidential towns, are not a legal
tender, though payable on demand, and are com-
paratively useless in the rural districts, where the
cultivators of the soil are exposed to the most ex-
tortionate usury by the local money lenders. The
consequence is that the internal trade of the coun-
try is comparatively stagnant. This evil has long
demanded a remedy, and it ought not to be delayed,
especially as Parliament has just decided that Indian
sugar is to be subjected to undiminished taxation
in order to take off the duties on wine. The Go-
vernment plan is not yet matured, though Sir
Charles Wood has drawn its outlines, and so far the
subject is ripe for immediate discussion.
Under the Mahomedan Princes both ,gold and silver
coins were used as legal tender, but the East India
Company only used the latter. In obedience to an
order ef the House of Commons, dated the 15th
March, 1858, the Company published copies of all
acts and proclamations of the Government in India
concerning coinage, currency, and legal tender,
from May 1, 1834, to March 17, 1856, so that the
facts are readily accessible. As Sir Charles Wood

has stated that the new system is to be based on
the same system as Bank of England notes, which
are payable in gold coins alone on demand, it is
necessary to advert to the publication of the Com-
pany to which we have referred. The Indian Act
of 1835 deprived gold of its legal-tender privilege.
In 1852 another act was passed, reciting that of
1835. It then recited the proclamation of 1841,
which empowered officers in charge of public trea-
suries to re3eive gold coins struck in conformity
with the provisions of the act of 1835, at the rates
indicated by the denominations of the pieces, and
then proceeded in the following terms:—" Notice

is now given, that so much of the proclamation of
Jan. 13, 1841, as authorised the receipt of gold
coins into the public treasuries of the Government
will be withdrawn and cancelled from Jan. 1, 1853;
and that on and after that date no gold coin will
be received on account of payments due, or in any
way to be made, to the Government in any public
treasury within the territories of the East India
Company. Gold will continue as heretofore to be

received into any of the mints within the territo-

rics of the East -India Company for coinage under
the acts and rules at present enforced for the coinage
of gold ; but mint certificates for gold coins will be
discharged in gold only, and no such certificate for
gold will be accepted in any public treasury in
liquidation of public demands, or on account of any
payment to the Government whatever." This was
done on account. of the fears entertained that the
auriferous discoveries of California and Australia
would lower the mercantile value of gold as a
metal, and thus depreciate the coin minted out of
it; had that proved to be the case, the natives, and
especially the native troops, would have imagined
themselves cheated, and serious disturbances might
have followed. The practical result is, that
all payments have to be made in silver, perfectly
safe indeed, but most inconvenient on account

of the bulk and weight of the metal in proportion
to its value. In this coin the soldiers are paid, and
some 30,000 troops are constantly employed as trea-
sure escorts, at a cost of about three per cent. on
the levenue. If, then, the principles on which Sir

Robert Peel's Bank Charter Act is founded are to
be applied to the proposed note circulation of India,
the notes must be payable in gold, in which case the
whole metallic system of India must be changed;
if the convertibility of the note is to be effected in
silver then the currencies of England and India will
not be brought into harmony. And here it may
incidentally be asked, why is Australian gold coin,
of the same weight and purity of British gold coin,
not made legal tender in England ? In a great de•
gree it is actually the same metal, dug from the
mines, and possessing the same intrinsic value. It
is in the strictest sense a case of six and half a
dozen.

We learn from Sir Charles Wood's statement
that the new Indian notes are to be " altogether in-
dependent of any bank which may be already in
operation." At present the Indian Government are
shareholders in the Banks of Bengal, Madras, and
Bombay, and, to protect their interests, nominate
some of their own servants to represent them as un-
paid official directors, and Government accept their
notes, though not a legal tender, in payments due to
themselves. Of course this association will be severed.
Assuming, then, the new institution to be one of issue,
having no connection with trade or discount,on what
security will the notes be based? At home, every one
knows that upwards of fourteen millions of the
Bank of England circulation, professedly metallic,
rests entirely on a debt due to it by Government,
so that, in fact, that portion is a mere credit cur-
rency; and the proof is, that when the directors are
called upon to pay on demand during a panic the law
is suspended. If this system be good for England,
why should it not be good for India? " A prince,"
say s Adam Smith, " who should enact that a certain
portion of the taxes should be paid in a paper cur-
rency of a certain kind, might thereby give a certain
value to this paper money, even though the term
of its final discharge and redemption should depend
altogether on the will of the prince. If the bank
which issued this paper was careful to keep the
quantity of it always somewhat below what could
be easily employed in this manner, the demand for
it might be such as to make it even bear a premium
or sell for somewhat more in the market than the
quantity of gold or silver currency for which it was
issued ?" Why should not this principle be applied
to India ? The existing practice is in its favour,
since the Government now take back its own
cpro-
missory notes at the same value at which they were
u
Withe
ctohme m three
edyitpoaryfor taxes take them their own debts, and
back again in discharge of taxes. Surely such notes
whenss they b
are as solid as the £14,000,000 issued by the Bank
,of England, for both would ectaally rest on the
security of the Goveinment. In what, indeed, do
issued.
such instruments, except in form, differ from a
P These last are not taken for their
postage stamp .
intrinsic value, as they possess none, but for their
conventional value; • and on what does their
con-
ventionalO
value rest ? faith—on
placed
on a the
letter conviction
that the " Queen's Head" will
carry it to any portion of the United Kingdom that
the holder of the stamp may direct . and why should
not a similar faithapply to taxes ? Were such a
Government would save the
system established
three per cent. now charged for the escort of trea-
sure, and also the cost constantly incurred of trans-
porting silver to India, which we have the trouble
of purchasing from the
t with the con-
Continen ,
stout export of gold.

(From the :Derbyshire Courier.)
Mr. Wilson has proposed an issue of paper
money in India, and his minute has arrived in this
country accompanied by a strong recommenda-
tion by the Governor-General for the adoptiOn of
his plan. Mr. Wilson proposes that this paper
currency should be issued by Government—a plan
which long since was advocated by the Derbyshire
Courier. This currency is to be a legal tender,
receivable for all Government dues, and eon-
Vertible into coin at the places at which it is issued.
Notes are ,to be issued of the value of 10s., id, 12)
La, £lO, and £5O. Silver is still to be retained as
the national stun lard, and bullion to the amount of
one-third of the issue is to be held to secure the
" Convertibility" of the notes.
'We are glad that a move in the direction of a
Paper Money Circulation is, at last, made in British
India. The system which Mr. Wilson advocates

TiLE Yl'.

The Hero, Capt. Seymour, C 4,13., sailed from *St.
Helen's Roads, yesterday morriing at daylight, to
join the Channel Fleet; wind, (northerly, fresh.
The Ruryalug, 51, screw, Capt. Tarleton, C. 8.,
in Portsmouth harbour, has unbent sails and sent
down topgallant masts.
Some irregularities have ()mined at Plymouth
among the crew of the steam frigate Diadem, 32,
Captain James H. Cockburn, now under repair in
consequence of having been in contact with her
Majesty's ship Queen. It appears that on the 31st
of January last, when the frigate was at Ports-
mouth, the port watch was paid six months' wages
(out of eight months due), and 'granted five days'
leave of absence, which expired on the sth of
February. The sth occurred on a Sunday, and only
14 or 15 out of, say 250, returned ; niter* a
rest came back on Monday, the Gth, when tit*.
board watch was paid, and left for five days.
Twenty-three among those who thus obtained leave
are yet absent from the ship. The Diadem went
from Portsmouth to Portland, where she remained
a few days, and on Thursday, February 23, sailed
with the squadron for Lisbon, but having lost her
bowsprit just outside by getting in contact with the
Queen, she put into Plymouth Sound on the 24th
(Friday), and on Monday, the 27th, was placed
alongside the hulk Endymion, in Hamoaze. It
seems, that in consequence of so many having
broken leave at Portsn.outh, a certain amount of
restriction was put on the liberty of the ship's com-
pany, which was granted only to petty officers hay-
ing akla.tives at Plymouth, to those who returned
regularly on the previous occasion, and to those
who have what is termed " privileged" leave. The
men say that by Admiralty order 30 of the crew of
a line-of-battle ship are al ways allowed liberty every
Saturday night in harbour, and 20 from a frigate. In
practice on board the Diadem ten have seldom left
on a Saturday; more frequently only two or three,
and these petty officers. To obtain this limited
liberty, it is said to be always necessary, on board
the frigate to produce a letter from some or supposed
sick mother or sister, or to adopt some fictitious
means repulsive to the feelings of any true-hearted
and conscientious British seaman. This being the
condition of affars, when the crew of the Diadem
observed that the crews of other ships under repair
at Plymouth obtained their liberty, they delegated
their petty officers to make for wages (monthly
allowance) and leave by night, watch and watch.
Accordingly on Tuesday, morning, between 10 and
11 o'clock' application was made, and the men
alleged that they could obtain no distinct reply.
At 12 they went down to dinner, and,at a quarter
past one the boatswain and his mates piped up as
usual " Hands fall io," but not a man stirred. Those
on the main deck went quietly below, where it was
all darkness, the scuttle holes having been simul-
taneously filled with old bags, clothes, Jac., and
the lights extinguished. When the' boatswain,
his mates, the master-at-arms, or any other petty
officer sung out to the crew to come along, tile only
response was a powerfully combined cheer, fol-
lowed by grumbling demandi for "Money and
leave." The men were completely organised ; no
shots were rolled, and only one basin was broken—
by a youngster. This unfortunate condition of
affairs having been reported to Capt. Cockburn,
the Marines—about 70—were ordered under arms, ,
and sentries were stationed over the hatchways.
The boatswain then piped, " Hands fall in
on quarterdeck"—a call which was promptly
obeyed. The crew came up in an orderly
manner and went aft,. the officers in front.
Captain Cockburn is reported to have re-
buked them for their improper conduct, and to have
asked why they did not come to him if they had
any complaints. They replied they had already
complained, without effect, to the first lieutenant
(Mr. Barston), and some in the rear said, " Money
and leave." "We want to be treated like men, and
not like slaves." The commander, on hearing these
strong expressions, got in a more elevated position,
and ordered those who uttered them to come in front,
but no one appeared. It was hailing very severely
at the time. Captain Cockburn then told the men
that inquiry should be made as to the amount of
wages due, on which they with some reluctance
returned to their duty. The next day (Wednesday)
two months' wages out of the three months due
were paid to the well-conducted of one watch, and
one mouth to the remainder, and they obtained
leave for the night. On Thursday the other watch
was paid and had their liberty. It is stated that
Captain Cockburn was so well pleased with the
conduct of the Marines that be requested Captain
Jolliffe to remit all punishments then in progress.
Several seamen and five or six Marines, who obtained
night leave on Wednesday and Thursday, had not
returned to the Diadem on Sunday.
The following appointments were made yester-
day at the Admiralty; Lieut. F. C. B. Robinson,
additional for disposal, to the Chesapeake ; W. E.
Fitzgerald and W. Brimington, midshipmen, to the
Mersey; Donald G. Pendrith, surgeon, to the Cor-
delia; Dr. A. L. Archer, surgeon, additional to the
Chesapeake; Dr. J. C. Messer, assistant surgeon, to
the Edinburgh ; P. Coinrie, assistant surgeon, to the
Chesapeake; W. C. Fairbairn, assistant surgeonn, to
Greenwich Hospital ; Dr. James Ferguson, acting
assistant surgeon, to the Hawke ; Neal O'D. Parks,
acting assistant surgeon, additional, to the Impreg-
nable; J. Lowrie, second class assistant engineer,
to the Nile ; Lewis Brewer, acting third class assist-
ant engineer, to the Nile ; Daniel Anderson, acting
third class assistant engineer, to the Trafalgar; and
Sloper F. Sugden, third class assistant engineer, to
the Cumberland, for service in the Phaeton.