The Sun.
London, England, 1867-07-10 00:00:00

Naval and Military Intelligence.

The Royal yacht Osborne, Commander John
D'Arcy, which sailed from Portsmouth on Monday,
has proceeded to Cherbourg, and is expected to re-
turn from that port to Osborne with his Royal

Highness Prince Arthur on board.
The sailing Indianian Alumbagh arrived at Spit-
head yesterday afternoon from India, with the
head-quarters of the 31th Regiment on board. The
ship was towed into Portsmouth harbour last even-
ing, and the troops will disembark this morning
and march into quarters in Portsmouth garrison.
The Dutch ironclad Pri nsHe,nclrick, built by Messrs
Laird, of Birkenhead, reached the Tyne on Monday,
and would go into the Tyne docks yesterday to take
in her armament of Armstrong guns.

Messrs. Chas. Mitchell and Co., of Low Walker,
on the Tyne, are building a gunboat for harbour
defences for the Elswick Ordnance Works, after a

model invented by Mr. George Rondalls, one of the
managing partners in Messrs. W. G. Armstrong's
works, and approved by the Admiralty. The boat
will be small, and will be made to carry an Arm-
strong 300-pounder gun of 12} tons weight and
nine-inch bore. The gun is mounted on a platform
in the fore end of the boat, and under the platform
is a kind of well into which the gun can be lowered

when not in U3C. The introduction of the well is
the novelty of the invention. The gunboat will be
fitted with two engines, one to work the screw
propeller, and a small engine to work the capstan
and to raise and lower the gun into the well.
The screw steam gunboat Osprey, 4, wrecked
near Algoa Bay, May 20, when homeward bound
from China, was of 682 tons burden,- and had en-
gines of 200 horse power. She was commissioned on
the 1 Eth of December, 1861, by Commander Win.
Menzies.

The management of the regimental canteens at
Aldershot for sline time past has been such as to
raise the question whether the ohkts they were in-

teuded to serve are not lost sight of or n-atraiised.
They appear to haveben designed by the CJIIIIII,III-
- with the view of economising the men's
pay and conferring extra benefits by a division of
the profits; but it seems that the soldier derives very
little benefit from them. There may be some ex-
ceptions in so large a camp as that of Aldershot,
but generally the profits of these establishments are
absorbed by the canteen sergeant and his assistants,
and by salaries to professional vocalists. The effort
to provide the men with amusement within their
own lines was, no doubt, extremely praiseworthy ;
but complaint has been made in many quarters that
while £2 10s. or £3 per week is often paid for pro-
fessional singers, the services of amateurs in the dif-

'erent regiments, offered atmuch lower figures, are

not accepted. Under this system the profits become
exceedingly small, and are dispersed abroad instead
of being divided among the canteen customers. The
men say that they now get no shell-jackets, boots,
or other advantages from the canteen, beyond a
slight reduction in the price of beer. It may be
urged, on the other side, that paid professional
vocalists attract custom, and that the engagement of
private soldiers in such a capacity would infringe
some points of discipline ; nevertheless, the present
management of canteens must undergo great altera-
tion before they can be accepted as model establish-
ments. One shrewd regiment, the 72d (Duke of
Albany's Own) highlanders, has already taken the
initiative by erecting a stage in its canteen for the
men of the corps to give performances, and it is
hoped that the example will be generally followed
and such a revision made in the management of
canteens as shall secure to the troops the whole of
the benefits which the authorities designed them to
confer.

No announcement which has been made to the
troops of the BritiSh Army since the Crimean War,
or indeed at any period of military history, has given
more general satisfaction than the following, which
appeared in the Camp Divisional Orders at Alder-
shott on Monday :—" The Lieut. -General com-
manding directs attention to Army Circular
Special,' dated -War-office, the 2d of July, 1867,
promulgating the Royal Warrant of the 29th of
June last, relative to extra pay granted to the Army."
All the troops are in high spirits in consequence of
this official intimation, and hundreds of men have
already re-engaged.
Two companies of the 54th (West Norfolk) Regi-
ment have arrived at Aldershot. One company,
under the command of Capt. Parker, marched in on
Friday, and the other, under the command of Capt.
Bayley, on Sunday. The head quarters and re-
mainder of the regiment, from Manchester, will
proceed to the same station on the arrival of the
57th from New Zealand. The latter corps is expected
daily.
A divisional field day and sham fight was he
Aldershot yesterday. The troops, under theelod at
m.
mand of Lieut.-Gen. the Hon. Sir James Yorke
Scarlett, K.C.8., paraded near the Queen's Pavilion,
facing Caesar's Camp, at half-past 10 o'clock, the
infantry regiments furnished with ten rounds of
blank ammunition per man. The enemy,
who was
supposed to have come from the westward, was re-
presented by three batteries of Royal Horse Artil-
lery, under the command of Col. Herbert, C. 8.,
Assist.-Quartermaster-General, and in position on
Cle3ar's Camp. The tactics of the day were dis-
played in the attack and defence of this natural for-
tress, and after excellent manoeuvres and brilliant
strategy on both sides the position was carried by
storm, and the enemy obliged to retreat to Crondall-
common, whether he was pursued and eventually
captured. The troops afterwards marched past and
returned to quarters about 3 o'clock. A great num-
ber of spectators assembled to witness the proceed-
ings, which were attended with no casualty beyond
that of a horse belonging to the Artillery falling
dead. The men mauceuvrecl without their knap-
sacks—a circumstance which, considering the great
heat of the day, tended in no small degree to their
individual comfort, and a concession on the part of
the Lieut.-General commanding gratefully appre-
ciated by the whole division.
The following appointments have been made at
the Admiralty :—Lieut. S. S. Chowne to the Irre-
sistible, additional, for temporary service ; Sub-
' Lieut. A. W. Hamilton, Sub-Lieut. L. A. Beau-
' wont, and Sub-Lieut. R. F. Ward to the Victoria
and Albert ; and Sub-Lieut. Charles C. Wood to
the Bellerophon.

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, AMY 10, 1867.

Miscellaneous Foreign News.

The Baltic, whose arrival at Southampton we
noticed last week, brought 69 passengers and a large
cargo. She left New York on the 15th June. On
the 30th June the Cunard extra steamship Malta,

arrived at Queenstown with 142 passengers ; next

day the extra Inman steamship, City of Washington,
arrived at that port, having left New York on the
19th ultimo with 73 passengers and $55,000. On
the 2d inst. the Bremen arrived at Southampton,
with a full complement of passengers and $5,000.
On the same day the Cimbria arrived, having left

New York on the 22d ultimo. She had on board

36 passengers and $74,500. On the same day the
Inman steamer City of Antwerp arrived at Queens-

,own, with 101 passengers and $175,000.

On the

3d the North German Lloyd's steamer America
reached Southampton, from New York the 22d

June.

On the 28th ultimo the North German steamer
Union, and on the 29th the lowa, arrived at New

York from the Clyde. On the same day the Inman
steamer City of Baltimore arrived out, and the
Cunard steamer Tripoli on the Ist July. The Teu-
tonia and the Ville de Paris arrived oat on the
.2d,

. ,
and the same day the Peruvian reached Quebec.

On the 3d the steamers Erin and Java reached

New York.
Accounts from Paris state that a concession has
been granted to an Anglo-Franco company for the
laying of a cable from Brest to New Orleans.
Congress met at Washington on the 3d instant,
and as a quorum of members were found to be pre-
sent business proceeded.
Mr. Johnson, accompanied by Secretary Seward,
Postmaster-General Randall, General Rousseau,
Baron Stoeckl, and other prominent gentlemen,

arrived at New York on the evening of the 21st
June, on his way to Boston. The party was received
by the Mayor and Common Council of New York,
and Admiral Farragut and his staff escorted them
to the frigate Franklin, when they were transferred
to the New York side. The party then proceeded in
carriages through Broadway to the Fifth Avenue
Hotel. The streets were lined with people and
decorated with flags. Delegates from the political
clubs and many of the most conspicuous citizens
waited that evening on the President. He said
little in reply to the Address of Welcome presented,
but it is thought he will speak more fully on his
return. He has decided on visiting Rhode Island
and Connecticut on his way back to Washington.
It appears that the party did not stop at Phila-
delphia, as Mr. Johnson was opposed to such an
arrangement. He was loudly cheered at Annapolis,
Baltimore, Wilmington, and other towns.
A pardon was issued to ex-rebel General Long-
street on the 20th ult. Among the names appended to the
application were those of General Grant and other officers
of the army, many Senators and Representatives, some of
whom were also personal applicants to the President for
the pardon.
Mrs. Abraham Lincoln has gone to Racine, Wis-
consin, to reside.
We note with pleasure that Mr. Beckwith, Presi-
dent of the United States Committee at the Exhibition,
has been appointed rn officer of the Legion of Honour.
Messrs. Charles Perkins,
Lawience, Smith, Samuel B.
Engle, Godwin, Berney, Elias Howe, Kennedy, Mulat,
and Clickering have been nominated knights of the same
order.

It is stated that the Emperor of Russia, at the
the solicitation of the Empress Eugenie, interceded for the
Emperor Maximilian, through the Russian Minister at
Washington.
Mr. A. T. Stewart has presented $lO,OOO to Wil-
liam and Mary College, Virginia.
Edward Roe and 'Theodore Boag fought a duel
in Charleston on Wednesday, 19th June. Roe was fatally.
wounded, Boag escaped unhurt. Pistols were the wea-
pons, and the
paces twelve. Boag has been indicted for
" felonious homicide.
General Lopez who betrayed Maximiilau will be
degraded from the Legion of honour.
General Sickles, of the Department of the Caro-
linas, has been so much incensed by the comments on his
course in the Attorney-General's last opinion that he has
forwarded to Washington a request to be relieved from
duty, and has demanded a court of inquiry.
We learn by a late telegram—" The Cork police
have at last arrested on board an outward-bound American
steamer General Halpin, the military commander of the
Dublin district Fenians, who was prominently referred to
during the late trials, and who was to have taken the
command at Tallaght.

Kossuth is now at Aix-les-Bains, in Savoy.
Last week three Irish Americans—Kelly, Mo-
riarty, and O'Hority—who have been some time in prison
under the Habeas Corpus Suspension Act, were put on
board a steamer at Cork for New York in custody of the
police. Kelly was a general in the United States army.
The United States screw steam sloop Macedonian,
20, from Now York, is hourly expected at Plymouth,
whence she will proceed to Spithead. After attending the
naval review the Macedonia will go to Havre in order that
her cadets, of whom she has a considerable number, may
visit the Exhibition in Paris.
The Standard's New York Correspondent states
that Mr. Horace Greeley, A. Brisbane, and a dozen
other persons not yet well known to fame, have
signed a call for a " Social Science Congress," to meet
in this city July 4. The Congress will discuss
the ' practicability of founding a school of social
science, of "establishing a centre for the school," of
"deciding what fundamental principles of the science
have already been discovered," of demonstrating the
paramount importance' of a " positive social science," of
"clearing up conflicting theories," and showing that
socialism is but the precursor of a positive social science,
and of determining the best changes in the existing social
order. The "fiends of the science in Europe" are invited
to hold a similar convention. Mr. Greeley, who is an ad-
mirer of socialism as practised by the Oneida community
will probably Advance the theories of Noyes, and the other
fathers of the Oneida free-lovers.

AN AMERICAN'S EVIDENCE ON TRADES'

UNIONS.

Mr. Abram S. Hewitt, a largo iron manufacturer of
Pennsylvania and New York, gave evidence before the
Royal Commission on Trades' Unions on the working of
unions in America. No doubt the Commission was glad
to obtain such reliable testimony on a subject which bore
on the matter they had in hand. The manufacturers of
America are, for the most part, supplied with British and
German labour, therefore the Commission in London was
able, through Mr. Hewitt, to ascertain how the Unions
known to bo organised in America worked, and what de-
gree of similarity existing between them and those of
Great Britain. Mr. Hewitt began by stating that he was
either partner or manager in various establishments em-
ploying, in the aggregate, 4,000 workmen. These works
are situated in the States of New York, New Jersey, and
Pennsylvania. After describing the branch performed by
the puddlers with reference to the heating and rolling de-
partments, Mr. Hewitt showed that the puddlers had en-
rolled themselves into a union which had no reference to
tho men of the other branches, although all engaged in
the same manufactures, any one being a necessity of the
two others. The great centre of the iron manufacture is
at Pittsburgh, extending up to Cleveland; and there the
puddlers have been on the strike for the last six months.
The consevence is that nota furnace has been lit, and the
heaters and rollers have been thrown out of employment
by the action of the puddlers. From Mr. Hewitt's evi-
dence it appears that at the time of the "Strike," that though

ironmasters were not earning anything, the puddlers
took that occasion to demand an increase of wages from
$7 per ton to $9, estimated, at an average of the price of
gold, at from 21s. to 275. As the business was at the time
absolutely unprofitable, the manufacturers would not con-
cede the demand. Therefore the puddlers struck, and
each puddler throw out of employment five other men.
Mr. Hewitt considers that these five men were constrained
by the action of the puddlers to unwilling idleness. He
estimates the rate of wages, against which they struck in
Pittsburgh, to be in the ratio of what the puddlers get in
Staffordshire, as Bs. 6d. is to 21s. 6d. Some puddlers came
into Pittsburgh, and offered to work one mill, but were
driven away, two or three murders taking place in
the night having an effect very deterrent on out-
siders entering Pittsburgh again. " Murders! " ex-
claimed the chairman (Sir William Earle), "of whom,
by whom ?" "This is just the point," replied the witness,
"on which lam unabla to answer. Three or four were
committed in the night, and the general impression was
that they were connected with the strike. Tho state of things
in Pittsburgh was very bad, and the moral tone had im-
mensely deteriorated in every respect, for although the

strike was of the puddlers alone, as already explained, it
affected a large number besides. Although by the laws of
the United States fine or imprisonment is inflicted
for intimidation of workmen, yet where laws cannot
be carried into effect it matters little what may be
their purport. Mr. Hewitt related a circumstance
connected with a strike at the iron mines of New Jersey
which occurred just before he left America. Without
notice, and apparently without concert, the action begin-
ning with one mine the workmen suddenly stopped.
Having cleared out of their own mine they marched to the
next, which happened to belong to Mr. Hewitt, and
directed the hands to desist from work, as they had inaugu-
rated a strike. The owner, in relating the story, and pro-
fessing to know the circumstances well, stated that his
workmen obeyed from fear. They then marched to the