The Sun.
London, England, 1867-03-16 00:00:00

AFTERr
Covent-gars
SUP.
After Drury-lane Theati
After Lyceum Theatre .
After Adelphi Theatre
After Olympic Theatre .
After Strand Theatre...
After New Royalty Thet
After St.. James's Theat.
After Prince of Wales' Theatre.... r. - •
London Singing and Supper Club, E VANS', Covent-garden
Vocal Entertainment at Eight.

No. 23,326.

KIN AHAN'S LL WHISKY. DUBLIN
EXH 181 T TON, 1865.
This celebrated OLD IRISH WHISKY gained the
Dublin Prize Medal.
It is Pure, Mild, Mellow, Delicious, and very Whole-
some.
Sold in Bottles, 3s. Rd., at the 'Retail Tlonses in London
by the Agents in the principal towns in England ; or
wholesale at
R. (TREAT WINDMILL-STREET, LONDON, W.
Observe the TIM Seal, Pink Label, and Cork branded
" K nahan's LL W hisky."

NEW WORK BY THE MARQUIS OF LORNE.
Now renly, in one vol. Bvo , with IllustrAtious, 158.,
AL TRIP TO THE TROPICS.
By the Marquis of LOBS'
Burst and Blackctt, publ, shers, 13, Great 3l.trib rough-strut.

NEW NOVEL BY LADY CHARLES TIIYNNE.
Now ready at all the Libraries, in 2 Tots , 215.,
0 " TII E LIN E.
Br LADY MIA RLEs THYNNE.
"A very charming and ibtere:iting work.' —Sun.
Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great MarlbJrough-street.

COUNTRY HOTELS, PUBLIC HOUSES,
and BUSINESSES.
FURNESS and KNEE'S List on application.
Particulars for insertion received until the 27th of the
month at their
AUC NON AND HOTEL AGENCY OFFICES,
5, Agar-street, Strand, W.C., And nearly opposite. the
Charing Cross Railway Station.

11UTUAL LOAN FUND ASSOCIATION
(Incorporated by Act of rarliamlnt, 1350).
!4, RUSSELL-STREET. COVENTT-GARDEN. LONDON.
Prompt ADVANCE on all description of Security. F,,rms
tree on application by letter to
EDWARD HARPER. Secretary.

11" XF ORD,
6, OXFORD-STREET, W.,
THE MUSICAL ESTABLISH 11ENT OF LONDON.
Princi• al artistes, Misers Russell. Barrie. and FitzTlenry ;
MeAars. A. St. Albyn, Ilulls. Fox. Husk. Evans, And Bury.
with Extra Band and Chorus. Conductor, Mr. F. Jongh-
loans
THIS EVENING. SIXTH TIME, the Classi,al Drama,
THE RUINS OF ATHENS. Solo Cornet-a-Piston,
REYNOLDS, of the Coldstream Guirds.
COMEDY. by Messrs. H ARRY SYDNEY, G. W. ROSS.
and the celebrated JAPANESE JUGGLERS. the Brothers
Bale, the Wonders of the World, at Ten o'clock this Even-
ing.
Kr. ROBT. FRASER. C median and Vocalist, will make
his nymear4noe THIS EVE NING ‘• ith his cron of cornicalities
and his new sonz. "THE BOY AT MUG Br."

•
MADAME A EXHIBITION,
BAKER-STREET.
CHRISTMAS HOLIDAYS.
NEW ADM (lONS. —Life-81v. Wlwiels of the EMI; g and
QUEENS of ENGLAND, from WILLIAM of NORMANDY
to QUEEN VICTORIA
Open from 11 a.m till dtok, and from 7 tEI 10 p.m.
Admittance, Is.; children, under ten, half-price; extra
rooms, 6d.

ARGYLL ROOMS. - GR.AND CASINO,
Windmill-etreet. Piccadilly.
These elegant and popular Rooms, having been entirely re-
decorated, are now OPEN EVERY EVENING for Concert
and Dancing. Conductor, Signor LUGI CURTL Manager,
M. GUENET.
Admission to Promenade, One Shilling.
Reserved Seats, Two Shillings.

WE ST ON'S GRAND MUSIC HALL,
HOLBORN.

- -
Sole Proprietors, SWEASEY and HOLLAND.
Enthusiastic reception of the Grand Selection from
Donizetti's favourite Opera of " LUCIA DI LAItMER-
MOOR." Principal vocalists—Edgardo, Mr. H. De Brenner ;
Arturo, Mr. Rowland Lascelles ; Henrico, Mr. P. Corti ;
Lucia, Miss Annie Tremaine.
Irish Minstrels, every evening at Nine o'clock, with songs,
dances, and Irish anecdotes, under the direction of Pat
Corti. ARTHUR LLOYD'S Burlesque Drama, entitled
" 3117GGET'S BROOK; or, the Wicked Squire ;" Jolly
Nash, Emma Bruce, Paddy Fannin, Patrick Sellers,
and Harry and Hattie King, Frank Ellmore, Jig Dancer;
Le Petit Blondin, from the Crystal Palace, engaged for a
limited number of nights previous to his departure for the
Paris Exhibition. Band of 30 first-class performers, and
large Chorus chosen from her Majesty's and Covent Garden
Opera Houses. Musical Director, Mr. P. CORM.
Prices of admission--Stalls and Balcony, ls.; Area, 6d. ;
Private Boxes, 10s. 6d. Can be secured at the Box Office,
between the hours of 10 and 5 o'clock. Hall open every
Evening at 7 o'clock.

SPECIAL NOTICE.—TO-NIGHT (Satur-
day). March 16.—ST. PATRICK'S EVE.—GREAT
IRISH NIGHT —BAND of the LONDON • IRISH
RIFLES in conjuction with the IRISH MINSTRELS.

EAU-DE-VIE.—This Pare PALE BRANDY,
18g. per gallon, is wry superb), to recent Importations
of Cognac, reemnmended by the medical profession, and ex-
tensively used in hospitals. In bottles, 345. per dozen. or in
a ease 39s railway carriare natI.—HENRY BRETT an
C‘ i., Old lournivars Distillery, Holborn, E.O , and 30, Regent-
street, S.W. Established 1829.

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CREDIT.

Interior.

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Vjtiaillefrittedhe amount, very lin, lillowg t
sum), the nation will save in the transaction at
least five percent., or seventy-five millions of dollars.
Nay more, if our Government should deem it wise
and just to lighten the burden of our debt on the
present generation, by negotiating a twenty-yam
loan of fifteen hundred millions (which could be
effected by a proper exhibition of our resources), at
five per cent, yearly, instead of six, the fifteen mil-
lions in interest annually s:Lved to our people would.
amount, in the twenty years, to three hundred mil-
lions of dollars.

:~
-----

PRICE.... 4d.
STA3iry. D sd.

hope was shot out of a prkon it. would become a holl, and
ow lives of the w Irders wool 1 ho eons'ently in danger.

Mr. WALPOLI,3 said that the Filtoriest ti,eo in which
application for remission of a life s .nteneo was 20 y,ars
transport at i•et, clad) he considere:l a very terrible punish-
ment. Ail tratwpqrtation to Australia would cease in a
very few months, and the question that natu ally
presented itself was, what was to lie done with those
on whom transportation wool" have been inflicted. He
had considered the matter very fully, and it appeared to
him that scene place should be fount near the United
Kingdom where the worst. class of offenders should be sent.
to undergo the most t.3vere punishment. He agreed that
all hope must not be destroyed, because if that were done
it would totally destroy the object of punishment,
viz., the reformation of the offender. The matter Was
under the most serious consideration of -the Government,
and when a final determination was come to it would at
once he communicated to the house.

It is to scare great national results like these
that the Commissioners now g.) out to Paris. Their
stay and their usefulnves in that expensive capital
may be injitrionsly al,ridged by the omission of
Congress to provide for their actual and necespary
expenses Inn they will hope, at heist while there,
to be strenrthened and cncourage;" by the official
statements now requested frouilhe Dopartment of

the Interior.
2. -Da there is a higher and more permanently
important re .ult to be obtained by the proposed
Exhibition. These visible evidences of our food
and mineral wealth, officially shown to be scattered
broadcast through the Continent—the corn of Illi-
nois and the central portion of the Mississippi
Valley standing from twelve to sixteen feet in
height—the wheat of the young North-west just
beginning to grow by the side of the cereals of the
older Sta'es, but ere long to be counted by hun-
dreds of millions of bushels—the gold and silver so
providentially laid up for the use of the Republic,
and now richly outpouring from the metalliferous
ranges and valleys of our great interior, needing for
their full development only the means of railway
access soon to be provided—not to mention our
iron, lead, copper, zinc, and quicksilver, and above
all our co d, with its almost incalculable power—
will all be kept for seven months, prominent and
conspicuous in the ".Palace," as living witnesses to
to be daily examined by the European world.
The story they will tell will be repeated from
mouth to mouth, from the Atlantic to the Volga.
Penetrating the inmost recesses of Europe, can the
intelligence fail to reach 'and' to animate the over-
worked, under-fed, labouring millions longing for a
country offering such a refuge from penury and
want? Who will undertake to measure the pecu-
niary and political effects of such au exhibition, in,
swelling that vast and " solemn stream" of emi-
gration, which has been flowing for the last forty
years in such ample volume from the Old World to
the New ?
The present population of Europe is about
290,000,000, having slowly but steadily increased
since the general peace of 1815. The yearly rate of
increase in France has been little more than one-
half of one per cent. ; in Prussia (before the recent
conquests), between one and two per cent. The
annual increase in the whole of Europe may there-
fore be assumed to be from one-half of one per cent.
to one per cent., or, in round numbers, on the
existing population of 290,000,010, about 2,000,000
annually. From this number Europe can readily
spare, and the American Union can easily take, at
least 500,000 yearly.
In the forty years from 1820 to 1860 we took
from Europe 4,512,171 emigrants. The num-
ber in the year 1866, just closed, falls a little
short of 275,000, a majority of whom were
Germans. At the present rate we shall re-
ceive 5,500,000 in the next twenty years. It
surely is among the gravest of the political
problems of the present century, and should be
among the highest aims of American statesmanship
to accelerate and yet regulate, within wise limits,
and by proper and efficient agencies, this mighty
movement of the population of Europe into our
broad continental Republic.
In the solution of such a problem can any moral
element be imagined of moreimportauce than a full
and accurate knowledge, by the whole people of
Europe, of the immensity and accessibility of our
two great national resources—our food and our pre-
cious metals—and the certainty that wealth, with
all its comforts and powers, is fully within the reach
of every European emigrant to this country,
bringing with him habits of economy and in-
dustry.

A discussion on Flogging in the Army was raised by Mr.
OTWAY, who moved a resolution declaring the punish-
ment to be unnecessary in time of peace, advancing in a
lengthy speech the usual arguments—that it is inhuman
and degrading, that it is unnecessary for maintenance of
discipline, that it has no reforming influence, and that it
checks recruiting.

Major ANSON, in seconding the motion, gave some
interesting statistics of military offences, showing that the
lash has no deterrent effect, and suggested the experiment
of suspending the punishment for a twelvemonth by gene-
ral order.

Mr. MOWBRA.Y resisted the motion, as a revolution in
the discipline of the army for which no sufficient reason
had been given. He went at length into the military re-
turns to show that the punishment was inflicted for fewer
offences than formerly; that fewer men were flogged, and
that the number of tualics -vv.q much fearer; and; whilu-
pointing out the inconvenience and impossibility of apply-
ing a general rule of abolition to all the stations of the Bri-
tish army, he assured the house that the Commander-in-
Chief and the military authorities were auxiou3 to use the
punishment within the narrowest limits. As to the brutality
of the punishment, he argued, by referring to the numer-
ous crimes to which it had been applied by recent legisla-
tion, that public opinion was not revolted by it.
Captain VIVIAN'S objection to the punishment was
that its degrading character lowered the soldier's calling
in the eyes of the rest of the community, for he admitted
that it was now very mildly applied, so mildly as to have
lost its deterrent effect. Most commanding officers would
gladly dispense with corporal punishment if they had
greater facilities of getting rid of bad characters.
Col. HERBERT defended flogging as the only effica-
cious punishment which could be inflicted in many cases,
and as saving us from the necessity of a sterner code like
that of the French army. He deprecated the motion as an
injurious interference with the discipline of the army.
Mr. B. OSBORNE replied that interference with dis-
cipline was the stereotyped cry by which all motions of the
sort were resisted, and strenuously supported the resolu-
tion, as it was by the House of Commons alone that all
important army reforms had been initiated.
The motion was supported by Captain Gnoswircon and
opposed by Sir C. RUSSELL.
Sir J. PAKINGTON pointed out that under the regula-
tions of 1861—which were about to be incorporated with
the Articles of War—no man could be flogged except for
gross and repeated offences, and that the English military
code was really more merciful than the French, Prussian,
Austrian, or even the United States' codes. Tho Com-
mander-in-Chief and the Adjutant-General were Of opinion
that it would be fraught with danger to part with this rem-
nant of corporal punishment, and ho was bound, therefore,
to oppose the motion.
Gen. PEEL insisted that the retention of this punish-
ment was necessary for the maintenance of the discipline
in an army enlisted as ours was, that it was a protection
for the good men, and that if it were abolished in time of
peace it could not be retained for war.
Mr. WHITEBREAD urged that the abolition of flog-
ging would be a great assistance to recruiting.
After some further discussion, in which Colonel North,
Captain Hayter, and Mr. D. Bromley joined, the motion
was carried by a majority of 1-108 to 107.
In Committee of Supply, a number of votes on ac-
count were taken for the Army and Navy and Civil De-
partments.
Several orders were forwarded a stage, and the House
adjourned at half-past 12 o'clock.

The Pans Extifinticn.

ITS INFLUENCE ON EMIGRATION AND THE PUBLIC

NEW YORK, February 7, IS(7.
To the lion. 0. 11. Browning, Secretary of the

We venture to assert thnt the one rnagnificent
specimen of the silver ore of Idaho, taken from the
inmost heart of our broa.l interior, and lately exhi-
bited to the Committee of Congress at Washington,
when carried out to Paris for the examination and
wonder of Europe, will suffice, of itself, when shown
to the working multitudes, to set in motion west-
ward, across the Atlantic, front ten t') twenty thou-
sand emigrants yearly. •
It has been statistically ascertained, by the actual
experience of the twenty years from 1840 to 1860, as
disclosed by the census, that the average money
value of every European emigrant reaching this
country, irrespective of any property he may bring
with him, is $1,030, varying somewhat with the
productive power of the locality he may select. A
still higher average would be found for skilled
labourers, and that, too, apart from the diffusible
value of the skill itself. An increased emigration
of only a single ten thousand would, at the rate of
$l,OOO each, add to the wealth of the United States
$10,000,000, a sum nearly forty-fold the amount
required for the perfect exhibition at Paris of all
the products of the industry and art of the United
States, in every department, and also for the care-
ful study, by competent scientific assistants, not
only of the products, but of the processes of all
other nations.
If the more perfect knowledge of our country,
spread in various languages through Europe by the
efforts of the Commissioners, should add, as it well
grmaayn,tssof
0,
years—increasing by only a
the to
en
theex t a2voerage yearly number of emi-
r
million, thelpre-existing rate, exceeding 4,000,000
for the last 20
years—the money value of that
million to the country would be $1 „000000 ,
000
not to speak of the geometrically increasing value
of the descendants of the million for ages to come.
The incessant accumulation of wealth to the Ameri-
can Union, resulting from this giant process of
importing population by the million, affords a basis
for
its public credit not enjoyed by any nation on
the globe.
This immense but peaceful exodus of civilised
men, already operating on a scale so vast, and so
far tralscending any past example in human his-
tory, furnishes, in truth, a cardinal, if not the
dominant fact, for estimating not only our pro-
spective growth, but the future cxnparative rank
of the two worlds—bringing within the reach of
mathematical demonstration the epoch. when the
power of the Western Continent, fiscal and
political, must fully equal that of the Eastern.
The coming concourse at Paris of the civilised
nations from both hemispheres will furnish an op-
portunity not soon again to be enjoyed for the
proper comprehension and discussion of such a
question. On the part of the United States it can-
not be, adequately presented without full and accu-
rate maps of our unoccupied territory now open to
the European world, embracing nearly two millions
of square miles, accompanied by official statements
of the natural products in the different portions,
with documents authentically showing the progress
and present condition of our continental railways
and other means of interchange between the grand
divisions of the Republic from ocean to ocean.
For this official information, duly certified, the
undersigned, in behalf of himself and his col-
leagues, now respectfully applies to the enlightened
head.of Department of the Interior, and to the
various bureaus. under his direction, as being
domain and the material statistics of the United
specially charged with the care of the public
SAMUEL B. RUGGLES,
States. With high respest, your obedient servant,
Commissioner of the United States for the Paris
colleagues. himself and Exposition, for

Sir,—ln a recent interview I had the honour to
present verbally to your consideration the import-
ance of strengthening the Commissioners of the
United States to the " Universal Exposition" at
Paris, by such documents, official statements, and
maps, duly authenticated by the Department of the
Interior, as might fully exhibit the magnitude and
extent of our physical resources.
Pursuant to your request to reduce to written
form the views then expressed, I now respectfully
claim, in behalf of myself and my colleagues in the
Commission— _

1. That the due exhibition to the nations of the
civilised world of the principal material elements of
our national wealth and strength must inevitably
elevate our national credit. Among those elements
stands pre-eminent our cereal and our mineral
products. Other elements of much importance
exist in our diversified machinery, mechanical in-
ventions, and manufacturing industry, and will be
represented at Paris to a fair extent ; but it may
be safely claimed that the food and the minerals
of the American Union are the very foundation,
the imperishable and constantly widening basis of
its national power.
Impressed with this conviction, the Commis-
sioners have actively exerted themselves, in the
brief period which has elapsed 'since their appoint-
ment in August last, to collect, by appeals to the
American people, adequate evidence in proper visible
specimens of these two cardinal elements of our
national strength. Even with the scanty aid fur-
nished by Congress, these efforts have met with
dratifying success, but they may be materially aided
by the timely co-operation of the department of the
interior, in furnishing official information, autho-
ritatively showing the abundance and variety of
these elements, and especially their widespread
geographical distribution.
In the comparison which will be made in the
coming concourse of nations of the cereal and metal-
lic strength of the different portions of the world
the United States can be placed in the foremost
rank.
With such a pre-eminence clearly established, the
question must immediately present itself to Europe,
why should the United States, possessing material
resources so abundant and unexampled, pay from
eight to nine per cent. for money whiletensdmeavlelnerfaoluidr
feebler nations readily borrow at five
per cent. ? Europetelv e
In the coming Exhibitionweeaenxesleleodng w
show to
a yearly cereal product already
gvoi lvdj fiaendd and
silvers, nowet in
motion by a yearly prod
hundred millions of buushetelosf,
little short of $lOO,OOO, ' 000, and destined to large
and rapid increase on the completion of the great
interior railways, directly connecting the mining
districts with the overflowing granaries in the Mis-
sissippi Valley. As derivatives from these two great
sources of national strength, we can further show
not only our multiform agricultural machines, equi-
valent, in power to millions of men, and busily em-
ployed from the Atlantic to the Pacific, but our
whole apparatus, natural and artificial, of inland
and ocean transportation, instinct with the highest
elements of national life, and overspreading the
land and the sea. Must not such an exhibition,
made palpable to the vision of assembled Europe,
inevitably enhance the market value of the bonds,
which we must shortly negotiate,lith the inventorytomeetorlesseonf
our national indebtedness? With
our assets thus unrolled, will London, or Paris, or
Amsterdam, or Frankfort hesitate to trust us ?
Will not the sagacious capitalists of the older world,
so worn out by age, prefer to lend their money to a
nation of the newer world, so young, so vigorous,
so rapidly growing. _ _

lcS.Gm7;—nislstiohnastobeoepnendetifienritaerliya
IsbyExthllelßllinTpoinriita,l
Exhibition on the Ist of April without any state ceremonial
FARM WAGES IN CANADA.—Tile official
of the Government agentiiii-iniriiiamipadS of the provinces
to the Bareau of Agriculture finAEMigtalion •giVe the fol-
lowing rates of wages-for fa-rin labour: =ln the counties
$2O ; Kingston, $l4 to $l5; Ottawa, $l3 to $l5 ; and
n:lll}:inryttoeirrsimllaipbc IrulndriteaorysB.6lr4l"eAsCtecoii nra-Benadl:4ldideualaruilen.dsgtilowlt:harintethlisisb°e;
iasrinao‘ranondr oaocnnfasetd:B;s6o6dSogifl.rs2noagtmo:
sterling.

We reduce these general views to a specific pro-
position, in affiiming, that the proposed Exhibition
at Paris, if duly-strengthened, as-above suggested,
by the Department of the Interior, will add at least
five per cent. to the market value of our public
stock. If it be necessary to negotiate our bonds for
fifteen hundred millions_ of dollars (and we shall