The Sun.
London, England, 1858-04-08 00:00:00

LONDON, THURSDAY, APRIL 8, 1858.

We have reason to know that we are not IMP.
known to many parts of Europe, but we make no
pretension to being ilse European journal. If we
did so, however, we would not sacrifice our Eng-
lish character to please all the censors of the press
and post-office in all the capitals or border towns
of Continental nations. Our pride would still be
to represent, wherever we went, the best, the
most English qualities of the English. First
amongst these we take to be an instinctive, and
an intense hatred of despots, tyrants, dictators,
slaveholders, and autocrats of every variety.
Even when we have been ready enough to ac-
knowledge the good personal qualities of the man,
we did not lose our aversion to the thing. In the
good old days of negro slavery, the paternal
planter was confessed to be a mild specimen of an
inhuman class ; and we all felt that a slaveholder
was not one of us, although he might be British
born. Indian "Nabobs,' of the same era,
whatever their genius, were seldom thoroughly
at home when they returned to the
land of their birth. They had lost their
genuine British character when they had dallied
with absolute power, and had reigned over
a host of cringing and fawning slaves. And to
this day we regard as. American slaveholder,
although of Anglo-Saxon ozigin, as less kindred
with us than a foreigner thoroughly imbued with
the love of freedom. This is a notorious and
undeniable fact—tc say that we are Englishmen is
equivalent to saying that we will suffer ne restraint
on our own freedom, and that -we detest the class
whose rule depends on fettering the freedom of
our neighbours.
It is, therefore, much to be deplored that a jour-
nal which, as foreigners imagine, represents Or
general feeling of Englishmen, should, so far as
foreign despots are concerned, almost completely
misrepresent them. foreigners find the Tines,
commonly adopting the side of their oppressors,
and lampooning or bitterly denouncing their
noblest patriots. In 1848, for instance,
and generally ever since, the despots of Austria,
erg. of Italy, or of Germany, despots every-
where, were the class it patronised ; if almost
compelled to rebuke them, the rebuke was as mild
as old ELI'S ; while the KOSSUTHS, MAS‘INIS)
and LAMARTINES were hardly tolerated in the
hour of success, and denounced with exulting
satisfaction, as soon as foreign force had trampled
them and their nation's liberties afresh under the
hoofs of despotism. It was the same with the
cause of Poland during the Crimean war. Poles
were attacked in the persons of the most unfortu-
nate of the exiles resident in London, and the
emancipation of their eountry, although the con-
dition of European safety against Russian aggres-
sion, and the easiest means by far of bringing
Russia to terms, was scouted as madness.
Now, Englishmen almost universally were tho-
roughly opposed to all this. KOSSUTH and Hun-
garian liberties, MAZZINI with his brother trium-
virs, and the emancipation of Rome from Papal
rule ; the Poles, the Polish Legion, and Poland
as Europe's bulwark against Russia, were topics
of interest everywhere. All must remember, so
recently as the Russian war, that while the Times
was, almost cruelly, attacking Poland and the Poles,
a meeting could be held nowhere which did net
respond enthusiastically to the mention of the
rights of Poland. Whether it were a Radical
gathering in St. Martin's-hall or a gathering of
Lincolnshire farmers, in town or in country, Poland
was always a welcome topic, and the speaker who
introduced it needed no eloquence to secure pros
longed cheers. The very name was eloquent to
Englishmen. What Pole abroad could have
imagined for a moment that the whole English
nation—a few aristocrats and their supporters in
the London press excepted—desired nothing so
much as that the war should be carried on through
Poland, and that its restoration to the map of
Europe should have been the chief result of all
our sacrifices.

These remarks have been suggested to us by
the recent attack of the Times on MAZZINI and
to highly respectable publisher of his last pam-
phlet. MAZZINI has written a highly im-
pressive letter to Lours NAPOLEON. It
is strong, but often eloquent in denuncia-
tion, the sting of the eloquence being
a very clever arrangement of undeniable facts.
Louis NAPOLEON is pitted against LOWS NAPO-
LEON, and his whole policy arraigned in no mea-
sured terms. Of course we should dissent from
many of the opinions, and challenge many of the
statements, yet no one can deny that they are sub-
stantially true, and all would confess that MAZZINI
had a right to attack, with the most legitimate of
weapons, the ruler who had crushed the Roman
republic in the blood of Romans, and driven
MAZZINI and his fellow triumvirs from the post
to which the people had elected them into exile.
We never did, and never could excuse the murder
of Roman liberties by the arms of a foreign re-
public. MAZZINI was, at least, as legitimate a

ruler as the then President of France, for, like
him, he was chosen by the people, and he is fully
justified in warring against him with the only
arms the conqueror has left him. Even the
Times itself almost admits MAEzINI's right to
wield the pen as he has done ; and every reader
will thank him for the masterly way in which he
has shown that, instead, as the Emmtoa's late
pamphlet maintained, of England's being indebted
to Loins NAPOLEON for " the Alliance," it is he
who is indebted to us. The words put into an
Englishman's mouth (page 11) will be adopted
cordially by every Englishman.
The anti-patriot journal, however, would like
to debar MAZZINI the honour of a first-class Eng-
lish publisher ; it professes to lament that a well-
known publisher should allow his name to appear
on the title-page of a pamphlet threatening a re-
newal of the late attempt, and exhorting to ass-
assination. This is pure fiction. We have read
every word of the pamphlet, and can affirm that
it would never have led us to dream of such an
interpretation. The letters of an Englishman
published by the Timm itself, shortly after the
coup (cacti, were far stronger in language ; the
truth is, to run down MAzaINI and to write up
Conspiracy Bills is just now the official vocation
of our contemporary. Mr. EFFINGHAM WILSON
would have been unworthy of his position as an
English publisher, had he refused a noble-minded
exile the means of pouring forth his wrath against
one, who, though our ally,'was yet the oppressor
of the exile's country. The pamphlet, as a literary
production of its class, has a claim to appear, and
Mr. WiLsois is right in not adding another to the
staff of Louis NAPoLsoN's censors of the press.
Enough that he has them in France. Mr. WILSON
will certainly not become one of the familiars of a
political Holy office to prevent tho publication of
heresy against despots.

A remarkable evidence of the advantages already
accruing to the community from the spread of the
Reformatory movement, was adduced last week at
Hull by the Learned Recorder. It was excerpted
from the recent reports addressed to the local ma-
gistracy by the Governor and Chaplain of the
borough goal—reports demonstrative of this one
encouraging fact, that the male juvenile offenders
there in durance at the beginning of 1856, to the
number of " twenty-nine," have already dwindled
down, as an aggregate, to—six ! We "do not
wait" now, as Mr. WARREN expressively observes,
"till the reptile issues forth, but stamp where we
can on the unbroken egg." Here is proof of it
—proof positive, and surely also proof eminently
satisfactory. "Do consider the effect," says the
Recorder, further on in his earnest address to the
Grand Jury at the Borough Sessions, do consi-
der the effect of the sapping and mining process
—for such I may call it—on the citadel of crime ;
adding, " Persevere, if you wish to see its walls
begin to quiver and finally fall down." And
remarking beyond this, emphatically and unan-
swerably—" An army that is not recruited must
soon disappear : and you are really stopping re-
cruiting for the devil's army : here, for instance,
are hopeful ones of his withdrawn, and likely to
enlist in a better service." There is something,
in truth, practically inspiriting to the promoters
of the reformatory movement in facts like those
thus conspicuously brought to light and strik-
ingly applied by the Recorder of Hull. It should
be observed, however, that Mr. WARREN'S
impressive address upon the inauguration of
the local sessions, was not by any means
restricted to this eminently successful endeavour
on his part to illustrate the remarkable extent of
the advance already made in the progress of the
reformatory movement. His juridical observations
had far wider and yet more encouraging applica-
tion. As eloquently indicated, above all, by his
reference to " that public opinion which has its
eyes now placed sternly and searchingly on three
bfoul sources of crime and misery-.-Ignorance,
Intemperance, and (word of sickening and deplor-
able omen I) Prostitution." Here, indeed, in
one comprehensive sentence, is epitomised the
labour of the great social reformation upon which
we have at length earnestly adventured, and in
the responsibility of prosecuting which at this mo-
ment are nuw participating, more or less conspi-
cuously, both the Legislature and the Govern-
ment. It is an old, old problem enough, no doubt,
the solution of which we are now striving to
attain—struggling onward, please GOD, by the
light of a more wise philanthropy. Te hearten
us amidst the toils of an arduous enterprise, there
are, of course, many noble hopes and aspirations.
But it may be well to remember now that we are
in a manner in the thick of the struggle—that in
proportion to the elevation of those aspiring hopes
are the magnitude and the inultiplicity of the
stubborn and deep-rooted difficulties requiring to
be grappled with and extirt: ated—ss
". . . . Et quantum vertiol ad auras
Jitherias, tantum radice in Tartara tendit."

A. Cabinet Council was held yesterday at the official
residence of the Cnancellor of the Exchequer, in Down-
ing street. The Ministers present were—the Earl of
Derby, the Lord Chancellor, the Martinis of Salisbury,
the Earl of Hardwicke, Mr. Secretary Walpole, the
Earl of Malmesbury, Lord Stanley, General Peel, Sir
J )hn Pakington, the Earl of E:lenborough, the Right
lion. J. W. Henley, and Lord John Manners.
The Queen and the Prince Consort, accompanied by
the Princess Alice and Prince George of Saxony, paid a
visit to St. George's Chapel yesterday afternoon. The
royal party were conducted over the sacred edifice by the
Rev. W. Canning, canon of Windsor. Dr. Elvsy was
present, and performed several pieces of sacred music
while the royal party were present.

BIRTHDAY Or PRINCE LEOPOLD.—WINDSOR, April
7.—The birthday of his Royal Highness Prince Leopold
was celebrated here to-day with the customary bonuurs
paid to the members of the royal family. Merry peal,
were rung from the Chapel Royal of St. Gorge and St.
John's Church, and royal salutes were fired in the
Bachelore' Acre from the corporation ordnance, at Fort
Belvidere, and from the Royal Adelaide frigate on
Virginia Water,
The Countess of Roden and Lady Maria Forester have
arrived at the Queen's Hotel, Upper Norwood.
THE LORD CHANCELLOR. --The Lord Chancellor will
receive, for the first time since his elevation, the judges
and other dignitaries of the law, at l.is re-idence, next
Thursday, being the fir,t day of Esster Tenn. On
Friday, his Lordship will sit at Lincoln's-inn, and the
new Probate and Divorce Court will sit at Westminster,
and not on the first day, as there is no convenient place
of sitting until the Chancellor vacates his court.

THE BANK OF ENGLAND.--Yesterday morning the
election of directors for the ensuing year took place in
the Bank Parlour. Tue proceedings were conducted by
ballot, and the result was as follows :—Mr. T. Baring,
M.P., Mr. Weguelin, M.P , Mr. G. Lyall, M.P., Mr-
T. Hankey, M.P., Mr. J. G. Hubbard, Mr. C. F. Huth,
Mr. A. Latham, Mr. T. C. Smith, Mr. E. H. Palmer,
Mr. G. W. Norman, Mr. J. Morris, Mr. A. Matheson,
Mr. T. Masterman, Mr. J. Malcolmeon, Mr. J. B.
Heath, Mr. J. 0. Hanson, Mr. J. A. Guthrie, Mr. G.
Go-,then, Mr. H. Wollaston Blake, Mr. H. H. Berens,
Mr. T. Binc-on, Mr. A. E. Campbell, Mr. W. Cotton,
and Mr. J. Pa*tison Currie.
DEATH OF MAJOR REED, LATE M.P. FOR ABINGDON.
—We have to announce the decease of this gentleman,
who Eirdired at his rasidenc', 25, Craven-street, Strand,
yesterday, at 4 p.m., under ♦ery distressing circuw-
,tanc-s. It was on the 20th ult. that he was released
from the Queen's Bench Prison by Mr. Commissioner
Phillips until his final hearing at the It.solvent Court.
rne Commissioner, having taken into coral Aeration the
danger of sending him back to prison, accepted bail tn.
Lis appearance. Major Reed was brought to the Qaeen's
Bunch after his unsuccessful attempt to repreae:.,t the
borough of 11m-bury (the expense aften, ing which led
to his incarceration) in August last. Ile was then im-
,nedia.tely taken so ill as to keep his boil, from waence
he was carrel to Portugal-streot on the 20th ult. He
had lima corn' lately surrounded with care and attention
by the prison authorities, but uo skill could alleviate
his sufferings, and Lis complaint—dropsy —has at length
terminated fatally. Major J. H. Reed was the only son
of Mr. G. Reed, of Burnham, Sotner.etshire, and was
,-,ern in 1828. He was formerly in the 17th, Lancers, and
appointed Major in the City of London .Artillery Cern-
pany in July, 1854, which be resigned, and was return(
M.P. for Abingdon in December, 1854, and was attached
to the "advanced Liberal" party in the House of Com-
mono,

INDIA.

EAST INDIA HOUSE DESPATCH.

The following telegram has been received at
,be India House, from Malta

J. D. DICKINSON, ESQ., INDIA HOUSE, LOA DON.

LUCK NO W.

On the Bth of March the arrangements on both
sides of the Goomtee for the attack were com-
pleted.

On March 9 Sir J. ()dram turned the enemy's
first great line of defences by an enfiiading fire,
and the Martiniere was stormed by the Second
Division, under Sir E. Lugard.
On the 10th March Sir Colin Campbell seized
the Bank-house, and took up an advanced position
in front of it. Sir J. Ontram pushed forward his
advances on the left of the Goomtee, the resist-
ance of the enemy being-obstinate.
On the 11th of March her Majesty's 42d and
93d Highlanders stormed the Begum's Palace,
and Sir J. Ontram crosaed the Goom tee and occu-
pied the buildings in front of the Palace.
In these operations our less was under 100
killed and wounded. Among the killed are Captain
Macdonald, Her Majesty's 93d ; Captain Cooper,
Rifle Brigade ; Captain Moorsom, Staff.
On the 13th of March a sap was ran up to the
Imambarra, which is close to the walled enclosure
of the Kaiserbagh.
On the 14th of March the Imambarra was
stormed, and the troops following close on the re-
tiring enemy, entered the Kaisurbagh with them ;
the contest lasted until 3 o'clock p.m., by which
time Sir Colin Campbell was in full possession of
the Kaiserbagh.

On the 15th of March, the enemy, after the
fall of the Kaiserbagh, having commenced their
flight from the city, Brigadier Campbell, with a
brigade of cavalry and horse artillery, was de-
spatched in pursuit. Sir Hope Grant also ade
vanced to Seetapoor, on the direct road to Rohil-
cund, with 1,000 sabres, to intercept the fugi-
tives who might be forced in that direction by
Brigadier Campbell.
Up to the 15th of March the enemy still occu-
pied some parts of Luckuow, but intelligence of
Sir C. Campbell's reductiun and occupation of the
whole city is hourly expected.