The Sun.
London, England, 1858-07-29 00:00:00

••••••••••••••••••1...
doubt had in view the renewal in the gallant vete-
rans of he recollections of early service ; as, if Ihev
shoat &sire a snooze, and nothing nact! e
they must furnish themselves with haulm cks
'tween cl-ck-, as the ve-sel has no acc.ln-
ccod,tion in comprison with the number of
oflic r. wilt, in all proha,,ility would desire to avail
thems lves ,f the Admiralty's great considera-
tion. We believe we are correct in saying the
names of six admirals and three general officers
were attached to the requisit'on which has extracted
so liberal a boon from their lordships at Whitehall.
We have since heard that, at a meeting of officers
held at the Sailors' Home, on Monday, the offer of
the Admiral-y was, with all due respect, declined.
—Plymouth Mail
INCREASE OF THE ROYAL NI ARINES. —lt has at
last been decided that an atiginen,ation of the
Royal Marines (Light Infautty) is to take place ;
the incr,•a,e to the four divisions is to be 5,000,
which will bring up the strength of the corps to
20,000.

BANK ACTS COMMITTEE.

(From the Derby,hire Courtier )
The 13:nk Acts Committee, niter long &libera-
tion, have just published to tbe wrrld, in the shape
of a lengthy but meagre report, 'heir tctal incom-
pet•ncy to deal with th© question of the money

laws.
" Rasselas," the committee's is
a L"conclusionieheena of
in which nothing is concluded " A
more "lame and impotent" affair was never pre-
sented to the public as a parliamentary document.
Even the Times writer is obliged to confess that
"it would have been more creditable to the financial
repute cf the nation if at the end of their labours
the c Innaittee had found themselves imbued with
ideas rlefiuite enough to enable them to speak with
a voice of unflinc.itig authority."
In short, the report is a to.al failure. Not only
is it " waning in that comprehensive vigour which
would alone pot an end to future cavil," but it is
altogether so feeble and hesitating in its tone, that
it leaves the question of the currency more than
ever open to public discussion. The report, indeed,
might have been framed for the very purpose of pro-
voking further inquiry and investigation on the
subject. It 'ass as plainly as possible, on behr.lf
of the 11 members who voted for it, out of the 25
composing the committer., " We don't know what
to think about the matter. We are not prepared to
reccrnmend anything. We are afraid .o move lest
we should take a step in the wrong direction." The
timidity of the committee is indeed pitiable. The
Bank Chart-r Act having been twice suspended in
ten years by the Ministers of the dav, the commit-
tee recommend the "utmost caution" to the Legis-
lature in granting a "relaxing power." At prevent,
as every one knows, when numbers of solvent and
well-conducted mercantile houses have been ruined
and the Bank of England is brought to its last.
sovereign, the Prime Minister and the Chancellor
of the Exchequer wrote a hurried note to tee Go-
vernor of the Bank authorising him to act illegally,
i.e. to isue more paper promises to pay, when the
Bank can find no more gold to fulfil its existing
engagements. Of this illegal proce-ding the Minis-
ters take the responsibility, and app-al to Parlia-
ment to indemnify hero. To obviate the necessity
for the farce of appealing to Parliament, it has been
proposed that the Ministers of the day should pos-
is-es a " re'axtng power." i.e. a power to unmake a
c.irtain Ac of Parliament whenever in their opinion
its provisi• ne cannot he carried into effect with
safety to the public good. The bankers ef London,
with only one or two exceptions, were so fully con-
vinced that the Act of 1844 could not be carried
out, that they petitioned at the time of the passing
of the Act that this relaxing power might b given
to Ministers. Peel, with the conceited self-suffi-
ciency of presumptuous ienorance, neglected the
-uggeation of the men practically acquainted with
the subject And now after 14 years' trial. the Com-
mittee for Bank Acts have nothing better to sug-
gest in 1858 than the London Bankers proposed in
1844. But even this paltry modification they have
not confidence enough in their own principles to
advocate with decision.
We shall return to the full consideration of the
Report ; hut in the meanwhile we recommend the
evidence to the examination of our readers. Much
of it is merely matter of detail as to the manage-
ment of the Bank, much is the mere speculation of
certain theorists about currency ; but there is also
a considerable mass of valuable information and
fact, and some sound principles elicited, from able
thinkers on this important question.
If the committee had effected nothing more, it
would have been us- ful by placing upon record the
statesmanlike and scientific exposition of monetary
principles which was submitted to the committee
by Mr. Cayley in his report ; and also the sound,
judicious,and practical report of Mr. Spooner. Both
e
these gentlemen have ably and unflinchingly done
their nuty to the public, and have b-ddly and per-
severingly advocated the great principles of cur-
rency reformation with which their names and re-
putation are identified. There are a few poor waver-
ing imbeciles whom currency reformers were in-
duced, by their professions of sympathy with the
good cause, to trust, who 'have de,erted us in the
hour of trial. Their names will, in good time,
appear.
In the meantime the committee's report does the
Cause of the bullionists no good, and the cause of
the currency reformers no harm. The question is
left entirely open ; and with a great and important
national question left open, we may hope that truth
and justice will ultimately prevail.
We rejoice to think that as one generation of
Currency reformers is passing away, their place will
be supplied by another, full of energy and courage,
who are prepared to devote themselves to the re-
formation of the greatest social and political griev•
ance that ever oppressed a free nation.

APPOINTMENTS.
Lieutenants—Cou t Eugene G. F. G. Viscomti
(1854), and James M. Stewait( 1857), to he addi-
tional to' the Indus, 78, fig ship, on the North
American an I We t India station ; Jamcs R
(1857), to the Arn.gant.
Mr. John l3,ckford, boatswain of the first-class,
has ben app-,inted from the Royal William, ordi-
nary guard-ship at Plymouth, ti the Duke of
Wellington, a' Portsmouth, and Mr. John Fug,
hay been app tinted from the Duke of Wellington
to the Royal William as supernumerary.

BANKERS' CHEQUE4.

-----..,
The feud between the law officers of the Crown
which crippled ttu law reforms of the late Govern-
men appears to hive been entailed upon heir suc-
cessors. Teat which the Attorney-General pro-
mises in the Lower House the Lord Chancellor
upsets in the Peers. The Bill of Sir Fitzroy Kelly
ou bankers' checks was iu its original toren a simple
measure, which no.. only fulfill- d the wishes of the
mercantile community, but also was in harmony
with the general prieciples of the law of Enjaed.
It provided that a crossing on a check should be
deemed an essentlel part of the document, and, as a
logical consequence, that a banker prying a check in
disreeard of ter crossing or after it ha I be: n tam-
pered with shoul i be re.poesible for so doing. A
eine, &mut Ives proposed, in the in:ersas of the
bankeis, that if it should turn ow ttiat the cross-
ing had been dexterously obliterated no liability
should attach to them. This was in a great degree
to damage the entire measure, becawie it has been
recently shown that crossings can be erased so as
to escape erlinary ( b:ervetion—a joint-st .ck bank
having availed itself of the plea to throw the loss
from such a circumstance ou its cm omer. But,
a omalons II it was—since, if banke s are to tie
exonerated from the consequences of paying do-
cuments aler they h .ve been tampered with in a
manner which amou As to forg, ry, acceptors of
bills, and parties to every other kind of instrument,
should likewise be exonerated in similar cases,
where a special indorsement or a signature
of any kind has been expunged—the colleagues of
the Attorney-General appear to have taken fright,
and to have threatened him with desertion unless
he would all w his measure to be defaced, and be-
some a party to placing upon the statute-book
another discordant and unmeaning awe The
amendment was therefore accepted without a
struegle by the Government, and the banking class
were thus conciliated at the same cost of principle
as when a f firmer Minis ry exempted them fr,,m
tespon,ibility in paying cheques with forged in-
dorsement.. But the 1,500 leading firms of Lon-
don who had petitioned for the bill in its integrity
were not likely to remain quiescent, anti there was
some talk of an endeavour being yet made to re-
store it to its rational form. The Government con-
sequently, of er having been frightened by the
bankers, were now in turn frightened by the public,
ant under these circumstances Mr. Nicoll, the
ne mber fir Frome, obtained a virtual promise from
the Attoi ney-Geueral that the obnoxious clause
should be resisted in the Lord.. Hence the bill
was allowed to get through the Lower House.
Lest night it cam-- on in the Lords, and the Give n
went, instead of fulfilling their intimation, turned
round and absolutely recommended the clause in the
stroneest way. "It should always be borne iu
mind," observed the Lord Chancellor, " that a
check which got into dishonest hands got
there through the negligence or fault of the
person who drew it. In the great majority
of cases the banker could not protect himself
but the customer could." The whole of this
statement, which is a reproduction of some
printed platitudes circulated by the bankers doting
the past month, is directly at variance with fact.
As to the drawer of a check being able to protect
himself, if such were the case there would be no
need to cross a check at all. Checks are creased
for the very purpose of guarding against those acci-
dents which the Chancellor says cannot take place
without negligence. They are sometimes stolen
from the post, sometimes misappropriated, and
sometimes lo6t. A min cum answer that a lPtter
con t;,inim; a eeck shall not he purloined, or that
he will never b • robbed while he has a check in lia
pock.,, or tha a confid-rvial clerk will a 4 ab•!cond.
But whit- the Chancellor says the bolder of a check i
can protect himself, he contends the hankers can
do nothing for their own security, and that the re-
cognized print-iplcer of law musi therefore be set
aside fir their behoof. To this headlong and
unguarded assertion the reply is—first, that
bankers can make themselves perfec,ly safe by the
adoption of tinted paper, a precaution not in the
power of their cu-tomers who use the checks sup--
plied to them ; secondly, 'hat the banking interest,
hyresoeting to a mutual guarantee-fund, may avert
all danger except such as would be utterly insigei-
fie:ant, but which, falling upon individuals, might
lead to ruin ; and, finally, that if they do not find
their profits sufficient to cover even this nominal
risk, althou,h joint-stock banks are declaring divi-
dends of more than 20 per cent., they may give
notice to their customers to that effect, and either
refuse their accounts, unless they are to be held
free from such liabiliti , or deride upon making an
insurance charge, There was no ot,tcasion, there-
fore, to introduce coefesion into the law in order to
suit their convenience. Of course they would not
have adept, d any of these alternative s, bet ause the
statstics of banking show that the risk compared
with their gains would not he worth a thought,
and it is only a few weeks since a private firm ex-
pressed gratification that it was a joint-stock and
not a private bank which heil ieso,ted to what it,
considered the shab y practice of not accenting
ve.untarily every reap nsihility that could fall ie
this way. L tokine, theref re, at every featurri of
the c is-, it is not too much to say thet a more paltry
or objectionalle puce of legislation was never w t-
nessed, and that the manner in which it has been
carried reflects disc:ed:t upon all conctrued.—
Times' City Article.

BrIL___LONDON, T ITU Ilg DAY

g N LN G
SUMMER ASSIZE&

HOME OIRCIIIT.-MAIDSTONE y JULY 28,

CrAvti SPe.—(Before Mr. Baron Bramwell.)
the i was
huh c'ed for
felony
Pir it'll of a
period of penal servitude to which he hetc . been sell-
eharien s
bHaynes,p fug
at la 2rlg,e
tenced.
Mr. Deedes and Mr. Poland conduct ed the pro-
secution.
It appeared that the prisoner was convicted at
the Midd!esex sessions in February, IN W, of felony,
and that at this time there was a p‘r:.s -ions convic-
tion for felony against him, and he was sentenced
to be kept in penal scrvitude for six years In
piusuAnce of that sent. nce the prisoner was re
moved to the Model PriQon at Pentwuville. where
he remained foray ear, attd ho wi..s then sent, with
a number of other convicts, en t *aril the True
B. itou c,nvict 4hip, t, be conveye d to Bermuda.
The prisoner contrived to make his cscape from
this ve: sel at Deptford, and enliste A into one of the
cavali y regiments, and on the 10t1n. of June he was
seen at Chatham, i , awl t appea,eii that he went up
t aci nstAle and surrendered hinrielf as au escaped

of guilty.
Theßn
verdict
con vi, t
in passing sentence, said ill°
ptisoner h be N
n at lae for Tour months, and he
ry
,hould now V.erefore order him to be kept in penal
a r
citi
Gram
ranireturned
ve i
ii a
servitude for the further space of four years and
Leven month..
The prison r said he hoprid he should not, under
this sentence, have to pass ae year over again at the
Model Pris .11
The learned Judge said In rapprehended not. That
period would be take" into account-.
James Morris, 20, was indicted for the man-
slaughter of Philip Redwood.
This charge aro=e out of & prize fight that took
place on the 26th May last, between the prisoner and
the deceased, in the Essex Marshes. The latter
way conveyed to Gravesenel in an insensible state
the cause of death eing an effusion of
after the strmgle, and he died about an hour
the b•alt, occasioned by the injuries he
ad received during the fight.
Mr. Ribton addressed the jury for the prisoner,
blooda terw
ialirpdoias ,
and he endeavoured to :show that the deceased
mi;.tht have received some injuries in the course
of his removal 'from the /lace where the fight
occurred to Gravesend, which, it appeared, was a
distance of several miles, and that it was not suffi-
ciently clearly established that the injuries were in-
flicted by the prisoner.
The jury returned a verdict of guilty, and the
prisoner was sentenced to two aionths' hard labour.

NORFOLK ClRCUlT.—lrswicif, July 28.
(Before Lord Campbell.)
MURDER AT IPSWICH.
Ebenezer Cherrington was charged with the wil-
ful murder of Susanna Studd, in the parish of St.
Mary in the Elms, Ipswich, on the 30th of April.
Mr. Keane, Mr. H. Mills, - and Mr. Marriott,
appeared for the prosecution ; and Mr. Dasent for
the prisoner.
The circumstances, as opened for the prosecution,
were as follews ;—Some three or four years ago the
prisoner entered the service of the husband of the
aseceased, a baker in Ipswich, and remained so em-
ployed for about a year. A good deal of assistance
was
26thren o
derfedApbryiLththee pdercissaosneedr
winascaartrythitse,c,t pornosetheue.
baking business, and the prisoner was consequently
thrown into her society. After he had been about a
year in the service of the prosecutor, the prisoner
left, but be came back again to the neighbour-
hood afterwards and renewed his acquaintance with
the family about December last. A few days after-
wards, the prosecutor, on coming home one evenine,
found the prisoner engaged in a souffle with his
wife ; and on hia asking what was the matter, the
prisoner flung a teapot and other things at him, and
then, turning to the deceased, exclaimed, ,6D---
your heart, I'll murder you." The prosecutor ap-
plied for the protection of the magistrates, and the
prisoner was taken before them and imprisoned for
about six weeks. At the expiration of that time
he came again to the prosecutor's house and stayed
there, taking his meals with the family, and sleep-
ing at night on the' floor of the keeping-room.
This lasted some liitle time, and he again went
away. A few days afterwards he made his appear-
ance again, and lived as before. On the 20th of April
he came for what may be called in this narrative the
last time. At this date the prosecutor was occupy-
ing
a baking office, about 300 yards from the
cottage in which his family resided. On Monday,
the
tor's house, and he remained there on the Tuesday,
Wednesday, and Thursday, taking his meals with
the family as before. On the Frid‘y he presented
himself for dinner, but the deceased told him he
should have no more dinner there. One of the
daughters, Emily Studd, who was in the habit, of
going out to work, left the prisener in the house
about one o'clock. On her returning about five
o'clock he was not there, but about 11 p.m. he
came back and made an effort to get the poker
from the side of the fire-place. The gir I pushed him
from the p. ker, and some herd words were after-
wards exchanged between the prisoner and the do-
ce ise i, the former being extremely violent. The de-
ceased went to find a polio ?roan. and while she was
gone the pi isoner with a piece of wood sti uck the girl
who went out r °escape from him. The pri-over then
left the house, taking with him a laree Indian war
club, given to the prosecutor as a curiosity, and
went to the house of a Miss Sampson, a dressmaker,
with whom one of the daughters of the deceased
resided. The family had gone to bed, and he
called out to Miss Studd to go home, as her motber
was ill. Miss Studd, however, recognised the
prisoner's voice, and refused to go, upon which he
made use of tiarea• ening language to her. The
prisoner then met with a person named Fair-
weather, and from conversation which passed
between them he appeared to he extremely angry
against the deceased, swearing that he would mur-
der her if he was hung at Ipswich for it. Fair-
weather accompanied him to the house of deceased,
who had been to the police station, and for whose
lier and the prisoner,
protce ion a policeman had been detached. The
deceased throw open a window, and a good deal of
awlheor cs aut
succeeded
dtook
in pli3 ce between
getting into the house, when he
went up-stairs and. made a great disturbance.
Fairweather, at the request of decease I, also pro.
seeded up stairs and brought the prisoner down.
When lie was down stairs, prisoner asked the de
eeas
Ifeirniade
money
and victuals, and these being re-
fused,an effort to strike her. Fairweather
prevented the Mow from taking effect, and carried
the prisoner out. A dispute then took place b tween
hint and Fairweather, in which the prisoner received
on the forehead two blows, which lacerated the skin.
After this Fairweather contrived to get him away,
and promised to give him a bed, his supper, and
his breakfast ; but when they reached Fair-
weathet's house the prisoner suddenly turned round
and ran off. Fairweather followed him, accom-
panied by a policeman, and when they got to the
house of the deceased they found that the door of
the back kitchen had been thrown off iss hinges and
was lying en the floor. Voices were heard in alter-
cation up-stairs, and the policeman and Fairweather
called out; but from some answer which Mrs.
Studd made, they came to the conclusion that their
services were no longer required, and they accord-
ingly went away. The prisoner had in the mean-
time forced himself into the bedroom, where he
seized a stick - and again. threatened to murder
the deceased. The prisoner remained in the bed-
room with the two women, who had not gene to
bed, for the remainder of the night ; and a wretched
scene of altercation was kept up between them till
about half-past five in the morning, when he went
down stairs. The deceased followed almost imme-
diately. while the daughter remained in the bed-
room, from which she heard the prisoner walking
about below, an-el• her mother go out. The prose-
cut( r, the husb slid of the deceased, had been in
the habit of sleeping in the baking office, and was
the: e during this night. About 20 minutes to six
the deceased went to the baking office to get some
kindling, as she was in the habit of duirg, but she
did not speak to her husband. Shortly after her
mother's return, the daughter heard a sound as of
firewood beginning to burn, and of coal moved
about in
a grate. Then she heard her mother
say, "Put it down /, and immediately afterwards
she heard a blow struck. Screams following, she
ran down stairs, and found that the prisoner had
left the house, while her mother was lying on
the floor bleedings and quite insensible. A bent
poker (whichhadTeenstraight before) was also lying
about. A surgeon was sent for, but the deceased
survived only about an hour and a quarter. A
severe blow had been inflicted en the occipital
lone.

A number of witnesses were examined on behalf
of the case for the prosecution.
The jury, after a lengthened deliberation, foetid
the prisoner guilty.
Lord Camphe'l passed sentence of death in the
usual form, holding out no hope of mercy.
The prisoner sobbed frequently during the trial,
but received his sentence with tolerable composure.

FRIENDSHIP FOR INDIA.—We are not writing non-
sense about liberty, rights, and the priviliges of free-
men. It is only dpctrinaires and idiots who ignore the
facts of the hour. For some time to come and in some
parts of India we must rule despotically—rule with the
stern vigilance of a Czar or a St. Just. The future
welfare of India demands that at all hazards, and at all
cost, we must remain its rulers. If for that great
end we are driven to rule as the Convention ruled—
if our sole penalty must be death, and our sole law
the guillotine, we shall accept even that frightful alter.
Lative.—Friod of India, June 17.