The Sun.
London, England, 1858-08-20 00:00:00

DEPOSIT

LO DON, FRIDAY EVEIING, AUGUST 20, 1858.

plete as victories could b. He advanced but to con-
quer, and his successes, ithout a single exception,
have eclipsed those of other generals who have
shared in the campaign :^

and valuable services the Government. The
Supreme Government is ekealing mit rewards with a
liberal hand to those natives who have done good
service to the State dazing the mutinies.
The Governor-General has proclaimed that those
rebels who will surrender themselves as under sen-
tence of death, will not hal -e their sentences carried
out m ithout reference to Crovernment; and those
who will give evidence will h ave their sentences re-
mitted. This intimation Twill doubtless have the
effect of inducing thousands of the rebels to sur-
render themselves, and it was, a wise policy that dic-
tated the issue of this order.

A body of 500 Thakoors, ia-om Rohilcund district,
been enlisted in the service of the Government.
They are a well-known warlike clan, and it is cer-
tainly a wise measure to adcpt :a rry
The Bengal Government has prudently resolved
on garrisoning all the principal military stations with
European troops, immediately on the termination of.
the campaign. At Barrackpore and Fort William
(Calcutta) there will be 3,000 European soldiers
located ; and other minor stations, such as llaza-
reebaugh, Berhampore, Dinnapore, Darjeeling, &c.,
are to have each from 500 to 1,000 men. The
-reorganisation of the Bengal army has evidently not
yet been. decided upon, but it is apparent that
Government do not intend to place much reliance
for the future on native troops.
-- Three hundred of the sepoy convicts who had
been transported to the Andaman .I.lslands made
their escape into the interior from Port Blair
shortly after they had been landed, with the
view, a 4 they thought, of taking service with
some neighbouring rajah ; and who they imagined
would join them in extirpating the English. They
were, however, obliged quickly to return and give
themselves up; for the moment they were perceived
showers of arrows fell thick and fast upon them
from a large body of the savages. A goodly number
of the convicts were taken and roasted alive, and
those who surrendered, about 80 in number, were
hanged—a sepoy acting as " Jack Ketch," although
they begged hard for their lives, and promised to
become Christians. A private letter states that the
mutinous convicts are paid daily two annas each
man ; with this he has to provide himself with tools
and provisions. The prices of provisions are very
exorbitant. It seems that the Andamans is not such
a bad place, for the writer says :

" I like this place well; the air is pure and bracing, and
the soil is good for cultivation of all sorts. Yams, potatoes,
and sugar cane, and, in fact, all sorts of vegetables, would
thrive very well here. There are plenty of what the Bur-
mese call cannazoothee, a few cocoanut trees with fruit,
any quantity of cane, wild mangoosteins, mangoes, canin-
bins (from which is extracted the caninzee or oil), good
padouk wood, betel leaf a pawn, wild cotton, &c.
"On my cruise round the island some days ago, I dis-
covered some cocoanuts, seemingly Nicobar, and the wreck
(.4 a katoo. Two days ago I found a teak square, marked
P. and Co.' Kindly mention this to Mr. Tod."
Another person writes :
" Dr. Walker tolerates caste among these scoundrels.
He fined a European for lighting his pipe opposite a Breit-
nain's fireplace. * * * One of the men who were hung
the other day abused the English Government and Dr.
Wa:ker in most foul and filthy terms, and said that the
Government would not last long.
" Caste should never be tolerated among these men, for
it is the fostering of their prejudices en this point which
encourages a mutinous spirit. We would have high caste
and low caste and out caste all thrown together and set at
the hardest work, and r.ny attempt at demur either to work,
cook, eat, and sleep together forced at the point of the
bayonet, or punished by being instantly shot. Would not
the suggestion meet the taste of those who scruple to re-
ward except for merit, and whose consciences are so tender
as even to refuse the promptings of j us'ice, because forFooth
some of her features may have hard lines and look like
vengeances ?"

The Madras Government has resolved on opining
another exhibition in February, 1859, of all the new
produrth..,Af thi.dymptrit, by collentincr _ftamnbevs
every article of this kin et now in use, or capable o
being employed in supplying the wants of man,
obtaining along with the articles their correct
nomenclature, and all possible information in regard '
to their c9st, places of produce, quantities available,
&c. The Madras Government deserve very great
credit for their energy in such matter, being in
striking contrast with the Bombay Museum, which
is, or was till lately, a heap of undistinguishable
rubbish collected in the Council-room of the Town
Hall.

The following notification from the Court of
Directors of the East India Company in London to
the Bengal Government, in reference to her Majesty
confering a baronetcy on the eldest son of the late
Major-Gen. Sir Henry Lawrence, is a befitting tribute
to the distinguished services of the deceased :
" We have to apprise you that, it having been intimated
that it is the gracious intention of her Majesty to confer the
dignity of baronet on the eldest son of the late Major-Gen.
Sir Henry Lawrence, K.C:B., we have resolved that, as a
special mark of oar high appreciation of the qualities which
eminently distinguish Sir Henry Lawrence as a soldier, en
administrator, and a statesman, and of his services during
his long career, and especially in the defence of the
Residency at Lucknow, the success of which is mainly to be
atributed, under Divine Providence, to his exertions, judg-
ment, and professional skill, to grant to Alexander Hutchin-
son Lawrence, El., of your civil service, an annuity of one
thousand pounds (1'1,000), with reversion to his yoenger
brother, Henry Waldemar Lawrence, in the event of the
death of the elder brother without heirs male."

A heavy earth-slip, occasioned by the rains last
week, descended on the rails about 40 miles down
from Bombay, and for a few days obstructed the
traffic of the line. The obstruction was soon re-
moved and the traffic resumed.

A valuable quarry of lithographic limestone has
just been discovered in Lower Scinde.

The coal diggings on the Indus, of which so much
has been said lately, has turned out to be a failure.
It seems that it is a common brown coal, and would
cost about double the price as fuel, estimating this
by the amount of steam produced, as coal imported
from England, which in point of economy and con-
venience is found to be more than a match for the
Bengal beds themselves.
Mr. Albert Smith, of Mont Blanc notoriety, has
signified his intention of paying a visit to Bombay
in the next cold season, with a view of turning the
magnificent scenery around us to some good account.
I regret to announce the total loss of the fine
ship Golden Era, of 1,600 tons burthen, which
vessel left Bombay for Akyab in April last, after
having been for upwards of 12 months with the
Persian Gulf expedition as a cavalry transport. It
appears she was totally lost at Pooree, near the
Temple of Jaggernath on the 22d of June. No
lives were lost. The ship went to pieces 12 hours
,-fter she struck, and nothing could be saved of her
cargo, which eurisistcd entircly of' ;ire. She ),,.-
longed to Messrs. Wilson and Chambers, of Liver-
pool, and was oue of their " White Star " line of
Australian packets.
The Byculla Club hare come forward to arrange
for a festival in honour of Sir Hugh Rose, which
will command universal approval. Active pre-
parations arc being made to render it worthy of the
distinguished individual it is intended to honour.

CORRESPONDENCE OF THE REBELS
WITH JUNG BAHADOOR.

• The Bombay Gazette publishes the following cor-
respondence, showing a fruitless attempt of the
rebels to obtain the alliance of the Maharajah Jung
Bahadoor. His Excellency, immediately on the
receipt of the letters, showed them to the British
Resident at Nepaul, and Lord Canning not only
expressed his cordial acknowledgments of this new
proof of loyalty, but signified his warm approval of
the terms in which the reply to the proposal of the
traitorous Moulvie was conveyed :
" Translation of a letter from Moulvie MAN-fled Surfraz
Alee, the AmbAssmlor of the King of Oude, to the

PRICE 4D, STAMPED, SD.

Maharajah Jung Babadoor (without date), receit,;,,d
June 6, 1858.

"After compliments.—Friendship has subsisted for peeleiii
song period between the kingdom of Oude and that of Ne-
paul, and nothing has been done on our part to interrupt it.
It is therefore astonishing you have sided with the impure
infidels, who are tyrants and enemies of the religion both of
Hindoos and Mahomedans, and have fought against the
army of the faithful. The chiefs of every tribe should fight
for their religion as long as they live. These execrated
people have become the destroyers of the Ilindoo and Ma-
homedan religion, and your friendship for them is unbecom-
ing the dignity of princes and kings. There is a proverb,
tint, when infidelity springs from Mecca, where can
Islamism exist ?' If you in person are ptepared to destroy
religion, how can it stand? I hope that having allowed the
eyes of justice and kindness to rot on both creeds, you will
Wake your arrangements, so that these enemies of the faith
may abandon their present purpose, and meet with punish-
:nee,; 41. d u; iiiiAdous end Mahomedans
whom they have slain without cause, you will leave
nothing undone in the way of retaliation. By this
means you will in the first place obtain renown in
his world and in the next ; secondly, you will give
satisfaction to our Government, and it will be the means
of bereaving friendship. From your kindness I am in
hopes you will favour me with an answer to this letter with
your seal attached, that, I tuaf be enabled to report it to
the King. For the express purpose of communicating with
you I have been appointed ambassador, and am now in
Toolseepore. I enclose copy of my credentials (sunnud).
In return for your friendship and good wishes it will be
easy for the King to reward you. I have bad an interview
with Dummuu Khan, and have told him all that is neces-
sary; no doubtt-12e— will_ write and infortre you; Moulvie
Ahmed Oola Shah, a very celebrated and brave man, is in
the neighbourhood of Lucknew, and is ready to fight with
and destroy the infidels (kafirs). lam one of his confiden-
tial sel vants, and have been deputed by him to negotiate with
you. Neither I nor the servants of our government are ac-
quainted with your titles, or those of your authorifies, so we
cannot address you properly. I am in hopes you will send me
word how we should address you, and pray forgive any mis-
takes or omissions in this letter. I hope for the future you
will look upon me as your sincere friend, and will not for-
get me. Seven Persian letters accompany this, addressed
by Mahomed Khan Bahadoor, Viceroy of Oude, to different
Nepaul authorities; amongst them one fur yourself, and two
Hindee letters under the seal of the King of Oude, one for
the King of Nepaul, the other for yourself, will reach you.
I am in hopes you will favour me with a reply, and that now
you will pay such kind attention to the condition of the
Hindoos and Mahomedans that their religion may be pre-
served and the infidels destroyed."
"Abstract translation of a letter from Ramzan Alee Khan
Mirza Birjees Kudder Bahadoor to his Highness the
Maharajah of Nepaul, dated the 7th of Jeth Sumvut,
1915, corresponding with 19Lli May, 1858.
" After compliments.—lt is known to every one that my
ancestors brought the British into Ilindostan, but Bulvunt
Sing, the Rajah of Benares, was a cause of much annoyance
to them, and therefore the province of Benares was given to
them. A treaty was then signed by the British, in which
they wrote that they would never act treacherously as long
as the sun and moon should exist. lint they hale broken
that treaty, and dethroning my father, Wajid Alec Shah,
have sequestered hir state palaces and everything he had.
Every one is acquainted with this event, as it took place only
in Sumvut, 1912.
" Atter taking Lucknow they intended to make war with
you, fur which purpose they collected a large force and
magazine at Colonelgunj, which is situated below the hills ;
perhaps you are aware of this event.

"In fmaer years great intimacy existed between our
houses, insomuch that your forcfatbers built a bungalow
fur my ancestors, for shooting and bunting purposes, in
Bootwal.

"The British some time ago attempted to interfere with
the faith of both the Hin,loos and Mabomedans, by pre-
paring cartridges with cows' grease fur the Hindoos, and
that of pigs for the hlahomedaus, and ordering them to
bite them with their teeth. The sepoys refused, and were
ordered by the British to be blown away from guns on
the parade-ground. This is the cause cf tie war breaking
out, and probably you are acquainted with it.
"But I am ignorant as to how they managed to get
your troop, which they brought here, and began to com-
mit every sort of violence, and to pull dawn teniples,
mosques, itsiambarras, and the sacred places.
" You are well aware of the treachery of the British, and
it is proper you shauld prtszrve the standard, of religion, and
wake the tree of friendship between you nal mt fresh.
" Thertibre it is proper that we shou:11 inia in kiliisg the
British, which is the only way to save the religion of both
the Hiudoos and the Mahoinecians.

" I have written britily, but you can comprehend it
largely. It is right that you should send toe a reply quickly."
Translation of a letter from Birjees Kudder to his Ex-
cellency Maharajah Jung Bahadoor, of 11th May, 1858.
" After Asseer (blessing).—l am well convinced that you
pay great attention to religion and faith, and that it is very
likely that you have been informed that •.etuples and imam-
barras have beer broken down.
" You are also aware that the British (15 not care either
for the religion or life of Hindoos or Adahomedans, and their
cunningness aad treachery, as well as their fsrgetfulness of
favours, is nut unknown to you.
" You are also aware that my forefathers showed favour
to the British, such as no one else would do, and they have
without any offence on my part deprived me of everything.
"Let bygones be bygones. I now write to you that it is
proper for us to band together in the cause of religion, and
act with reflection.

" To you both parties are the same, what shal I write
more ? my brief writing comprehends a great deal.

"Lst me.inforsi you that the Moulvie Sahib is proceeding
towards you on my part."

"Translation of a letter from Alce Mahotnel Khan, Viceroy
of Locknow, to his Excellency Maharajah Jung 13aha-
door, dated 19th May.

"After compliments.—Great intimacy existing between
the two Governments, it is unnecessary for the member of
either to attempt to increase it. Therefore I, Alee Mohamed
Khan Bahadoor, a viceroy of the state, remind you of it,
and disclose my object in this friendly letter, informing you
that a friendly letter has been addressed by this State to Lis
Highness the Maharajah of Nepaul, the purport of which
will be known.

" As the strengthening of the old friendship existing be-
tween the two States depends on the managers of both Go-
vernments, who are bound in duty to do so (and the sages
and clever men of past ages have excelled in such matters),
and especially at this period when the British nation is bent
ou deprivimg the inhabitants of this country isf their reli-
gion, faith, dominions, and lives, arid as no hope is left to any
prince by this cursed nation, therefore oa the strength of
our old friendship, and considering the vicinity of our. fron-
tier, I am led to believe that it would not be wise 111 any
chiefs to allow these enemies, who are in their grasp, to
escape.
" Therefore it is proper for, and binding on, chiefs to en-
ter into agreements to kill and get rid of these infidels.
" It is hoped you will keep the object of this proposed
matter in view, and renew the rites of friendship.
" Believing me anxious to hear ofyour health, I hope you
will always favour me with your confidence. •
" May the days of prosperity befriend friends."
"Translation of a letter •from his Excellency Maharajah
Jung Bahadoor to 13irjees Budder Bahadoor, of Lucknow.
" Your letter of the 7ch, Jeth Soode, Wednesdary, corre-
sponding to the 19th May, 18.58, to the address of his High-
ness the Maharajah of Nepaul, and that of the 13th, Jeth
Vudee, of the present year, corresponding to the 11th
May, 1858, to my address, .have reached their respective
destinations, and their contents are fu'ly understood. In
it is written that the British are bent on the destruction
of the society, religion, and faith of both Hindoos and
Mahomedans.
" Be it known that for upwards of a century the British
have reigned in Hindostau, but up to the present moment
wither tie '.n''orr nq- the l::vc i icr cow-
plumed that tiKir religion has been interfered with.
" As the Biadoos and Mabomedans have been guilty of
ingratitude and perfidy, neither the Nepaul Government
nor I can side with them.

" Siuce the star of faith and integrity, sincerity of words,
as well as in acts, and the wisdom sod comprehension of the
British, are shining as bright Ls the sun in every quarter of
the globe, be assured that my government will never dis-
unite itself from the friendship of the exalted British Go-
vernment, or be instigated tojoin with any monarch against
it, be he as high as heaven ; what grounds can we have for
connecting ourselves with the Hindoos and Mahomedans of
11 indostan ?

" Be it alEo known that, had I in any way bent inclined
0 cultivate the friendship and intimacy of the Hindu° and
blahomedan tribes, should I have massacred five or six
thousand of them in ruy way to Lucknovv ?

" Now, as you have sent me a friendly letter, let me
persuade you that if any person, Hipdeo or Mahomedan,
who has not murdered a British lady or child, go imme-
diately to Mr. Montgomery, the Chief Commissioner of
Lucknow, and surrender his arms, and make submission, be
will be permitted to retain his honour, and his crime will be
pardoned.
" If you still be inclined to make war en the British, no
rajah or king in the world will give you an asylum, and death
viii ha the end of it.
I have written whatever has come into my plain mind,
and it will be proper and better fn you to act in aecoidance
with what I have said.",

THE _ BAIVELA CLTS, CaratLi,llr*-1:-411E R -
______,_____ e <74,,,,,..:: ..:.,:. 1;,......A
. (From the _Derbyshire Con irif*-1---"= -'-... \
From the well-known ITlolithly Citcola attti-- 411 ..'A‘,„ ":401,,..
dale arid Co., Which may he taken to rep ineef.:o ?4„, ''' "y-si
of a ceosiderable portion c-f the more int teke-naiiMer"-- '7'4'
"Iff''''''i
mercicl body, we extract the follouring ii,i,:a, .v'ri'• egul!'ll'' ,fll4f
we purpose to offer a few observations:— rn.;7.1 --:IN-!-'7
" ` The mouLtain in labour has brooght to . ' ja. - :' . - ~.,
:
the pertentoos committee on the trio.t impor, antft. sti f
the day, tr.e Back Act of 1844, after sitting through two
sessions of Parliament has brought its !snouts to a close, by
doing nothing ! It was pretty evident from the Inoznent the
namesnconstituting -the ctoprott.tee were given, that no in-
roiaa:.Tois dangerous claw.- Onthe principles of that Act or
ttioNss,l4,ts of t.''‘'ie money- nniders would he introduced, but
--clear , the rereltion of. " 'Asters of 1847, in the autumn
t ;ast new- ' ~y thought pasible that the cow-
-Mitt— .....no pronounce the Act scatheless, and confirm it as
the best that can be devised for the regulation of our mone-
tary system. It is the old fable of the bundle of sticks ex-
emplified, that whilst the advocates of the measure are
united by the strongest of all ties, self-interest—those who
.t,
condemn it are divided into as many shades of opinion as
there ara names, scarcely two agreeing in the remedies to
be suggested. So long as this is the case,—that few men
can he found who will give the question the necessary atten-
tion to arrive at a sound conclusion,—and of those who have
done so, the greater part adopt some crotchet of their own,
which they will not give up or even modify to conform to
the opinion of others—so long, in fact, as no remedy can be
agreed upon as a rallying point by all, so long will the oppo-
nents of:he Act fail in getting relief from its destructive '
action, and must await the certain return of another'panic
in due time."
What is said as to the lame and impotent conclusion of
the Bank Acts Committee, is perfectly true—" after sitting
i;. lias brought i;:s iiIbOULS
t
thronolt ewe ssssior, of Parl!a;Le,
to'ab et ,i by (I,ing nothing !" The principle of the Act of
1814 and the " pockets of the money-lenders" are un-
touched. There cannot, we believe, tie found, in the his-
tory of Parliamentary Committees, such a,lother instance on
record of en Act which, having twice within the space of
ten years been brought to a dead leek, has been left entirely
anamended, and for the injury and wrong indicted by which
Act no remedy whatever has been suggested. The total in-
competency of the House of Commons' Committee to deal
with the question is thus abundantly proved. The com-
mittee was packed to support Bultionist principles; S,r C.
Wood, Mr. Gladstone, Mr. Cardwell, Sir G. C. Le a is, Sir
J. Graham, with a number of their followers, the old do-
nothing party, were the staple of the committee. A few
waverers, such as Mr. Wilson, Mr. Glyn, with the renegade
currency reformers, Mr. Tite and Mr. Ball, were added for
deceney. Mr. Spooner end Mr. Cayley alone represented
the cause of thorough reformation. The greater part of the —.
witnesses exatnined were bank directors, joint-stock bankers,
and others directly interested in the preservation of the
-lirlifTlik-qsiern, theorists with iveei pledged to the Act of
1844. The whole thing was a shiun and a delusion, and the
report et :he committee is of a puce with the whole pro- -
esedings.

There is also a portion of correctness in the observations
of the circular as to the divisiol of opinion among the ad-
vocates cf currency reform. This division, however, re-
solves itself principally into two sections. There is the
Tooke party which, tale..ag its stand on the bill of 1819,
objects to that of 1814, and there is the party of sound Cur-
rency. Reformers who condemn the bills of 1819 and 1844
altogether.
As to the Tooke party, we believe L^rd averstene to be
quite right in saying that their position is quite untenable.
The Bill of 1844 was a mere " complement" of that of
1819. , It was a measure of detail intended to give working
effiaency to the monetary system which Peel introduced
into this country in Isl 9. We say introduced, for several
of the important alterations made by the Bill of 1819 were
entire novelties and experiments. It the principle of the
Bill of 1819 was correct, the Bill of 1814 is also correct.
The other party, the real Currency Reformers, are quite
consistent. They oppose both bills, that of 1819 as intro-
ducing a vicious and unsound principle, and that of 1844 as
strengthening and confirming that principle. They are
mare united at the present time than they have ever been.
The evidence given in the Committee by Mr. Twells, M.
Alexander, cull Mr. Capps, and the reports presented by Mr.
Cayley and Mr. Spooner, support the same great principle
of Currency Reform. Gold at its market price is the basis
of their system. In carrying this principle into effect, thew
Is no desire to insist upon any particular " cro'chet." If it
be thought desirable 'not to interfere at present with the ex-
isting banking system, an issue of i.lO ntiliions of Exchequer
Notes of ;El and upwards, receivable for taxes., would he a
protection from panics. This is a plain, practical proposi-
tion, and might be effected without difficulty and without
delay.
We warn the Joint-stock Banks and the Money power
generally, that if Currency Reform be delayed by their selfish
opposition,—a reform which will sweep away their monopoly
is inevitable.

And, come that reform when it may, the effect will be to
establish free trade in banking, as well as to overturn the
principle established by Peel's Bill of the convertibility of
the Bank Note at a fixed rate.

We say, lastly, that it is the supineness of the commercial
body, and not the divisions among Currency Reformers,
which prevents present and immediate reformation.

(From the Times.)
Although the. Bank Committee shrink, as we have said,
from offering their opinion on the more important points
involved iu the order of reference, thz:y have no objection to
the hunting down of small and easily-de!ected fallacies, and
such smell deer have no mercy to expect. Thu.=, the Com-
mittee most successfully controvert the proposition that
Government fixes the price. uf gold, " although the topic
has not much presented itself in their inquiry,!' and show
triumphantly that a sovereign is nothing more than a piece
of gold weighing nearly a quarter of an ounce, and verified
at the Mint by a stamp. Just as conclusively is it made out
that a £5-flute is given by the Bank for five sovereigns—
the bullion being provided by the public, the stamp and the
£5-note being found by the Mint and the Bank respectively.
Thus, having cleared the way, the Committee proceed to
toa2.ii on the main questioa referrid to theta—the true
principles, namely, upon which the currency ought to be
regulated. What Yes hai a right to expect was a clear and
impartial statement of the views of the different witnesses
examined More the committee, and then a summing up of
the whole, allotting to each argument its due weight, and
poin thug out on which side the balance of reason and
hutliorityyi-eponderates. The courso taken is singularly
toi tnotis. For the views of the in,-et eminent writers on
the currency we are referred, not, as we might seasonably
have expected, to their writings, hut to the evidet.ce
taller& before the Committee in 1857. We are told
that the evidence is very interesting, bat that a review
of the evidevu involves subject: el contrsvcNy, on v Lich
no conclusion could be strived at without muen (Eget-enc.,
of opinion, and that tie Comtnittee are therefore desirous
of excluding those subjects frGrn their report. This is cer-
tainly a remarkable way of reasoning. The Committee
was appointed from persnns professing every shade of spinion
with regard to the vdrrency, and yet, because the result of
the investigation. nas not yet been, as nob dy could expect it
could be, to ',flake this Committee unanimous, they declined
to report at. all on the main sultjt:ct intrusted to them. This
was, we think, a bad resolution, bat if come to, it would
be as well to adhere to it. The abstinence WUS by no means
s) total as promised. It is stated immediately after the de-
termination of excluding the currency f etn the Currency
Report, that the pubic welfare in times of disaster requires
the maintenance of an adequate supply of bullion in the
Bank,—a proposition plainly tautolegous9 for an adequate
supply must always be required. It is then argued that
since the Act of 1844 the supply of bu'llon has been
£8,313,000 in 1847 ; and in 1857, £6,080,000; against
£1,4201,000 in 18;25 and -P3,831,000 in 16:37. This is surely
an argument in favour cf dr:, Act of 1844 and of
tne view of the currency on which that Act i 3 founded,
though not a very strong one, beclitse there are other ways
by which an adequate supply of bullion might be preserved
in times of distress besides the machinery of the Act (11844.
Toen the opinion of the Bank Directors is quoted. The
Directors would not have ventured to give tae assist:lice
they did in the recent crisis if their stock of bullion had been
much lower. Their stock of bullion was maintained high by
the Act of 1844, and therefore the Act of 1844 was to them
not a fetter, but a support. The Committee must ,
been curiously constituted if
it wa3 able to agree o.as_aa tate-
meutss like these, but could not come to aby cowc!‘
scone the
as
to the gr: unds. of abstract reasoning- on which
propositions that the welfare of
_i_
the community requires
atuleasr,ge
andamountthat
ofth
eb uAticiotri
ofin 1 11 provides such an
lank in critical
u
amount in such times, can be supported. For our part, we
regret to say
e our rleaasssee,nitn towleiiiethhetrheoyf
these prepositions,—that wei
n
catnhcelotsegni:e-
a
would be ordinarily undctstuocl. It is not the business of
the Legislature to exercise any control over the amount of
bullion in the Bank, nor is it desirable that that amount of
bullion should be at any time greater or less than is deter-
mined, without the intervention of laws or banks, by the
continually fluctuating value of the precious metals in
different countries at different times. The true praise of the
Act of 1841 is not that it has given us a large reserve at any
particular time, but that it has always given us exactly the
same reserve as we should have had if the currency had
been purely metallic, and has therefore enabled us to dis-
pense with the use in our circulation of Z 14,000,000 of gold.
This is au abject within the reach of legislation which can
he, and we believe has been, obtainer'. The other,—that of
keeping more gold in the Bank than would otherwise be
there,—is an object quite out of the reach of legislation, and,
were it attainable, would be highly undesirable, as involv-
ing an interference with the free circulation of the metals.
Pacts involve theories, and the attempt to reason on facts
without reference to theory is very apt to involve, as in the
present instance,
the tacit assumption of untenable prin-
ciples.

After having declined to review the evidence taken before
them the Committee proceed, as if they were taking the
most natural and consistent step in the world, to
investigate and give an account of the evidence taken
before theta in favour of the Act of 11344. 'Allis
account is very brief. The theory is, that bank-
notes are money; that their circulation cannot fall
below a certain point ; that fourteen millions are
below that point, and, therefore, that fourteen millions of
notes may be issued without requiting a corresponding
amount of bullion; and that the increase of the cut rency is
the act of private individuals, and not tithe Bank or the
State. Having thus broken down their own rule, we
certainly expected, and, we think, not unreasonably, that
the committee would have done even-handed justice, and, as
they have stated the arguments in favour of the present law,
that they would have given the views of Mr. Newmarch,
Mr. John Mill, and Mr. Weguelin in the contrary direction.
This,however, is not done,;-•,t•UM and we profess oorst Ives true tiv
u
to troic:s!ana b what purpose this par view of
unf otve rdence isinlroduced. Nor can we see why the corm-
wither should labour to prove that the advocates of the
theory of the Act of 1841 are far from contending that their
theory is completely carried into einet by its provisions.
The proposition is not supported by the taller inflated ex-
tract Irmo Lord Overstoue's evidence which is tang upon
it ; but, even if it were, it signifies little for what the r
porters of the theory contend, but rather whether the theory
supports the Act, arid whether the principles of political
economy support the theory. Nor earl we conceive what it
matters whether or no Sir Hobert Peel regarded his Act as
theoretically
man
o f
common
sense Withoutcan
see
referencelree the theory oaruyt authority'
th3e Act
is any
t
is adhered to and where it is deviated from. The theory is
serried out by the payment of gold forpieapisesruaenddeipmarptettretrt
gold. It is devilautteled
,frfonEt I;:gylnan'atkl,i'agn the
by the reservation
a part cf the ,
in favour of the nowt of existing banks of issue • These
are very slight deviations from abstract theory, and. we
confess it appears to us a very; poor subterfuge from
ihe performance cf au imperative duty to say, because the
Act a 1844 does not in every detail follow the theory on
which it is founded, that therefore the Committee appointed
Pgenetshederi..eamlf the
to inquire into the policy of that Auclthaerethdeiosry
necessity cf looking into the theory alto
is wrong the
Act which treats the
I:vrrTgt. thTehAacttiiss lalgehttr;ange lo •
tAtnhceetaorriy3s' as irrelevant and immaterial.

MR. ALFRED WIGAN.--We learn from the West
Sussex Gazette that Mr. Alfred Wigan bas taken a house
at Brighton, which he purposes to make his future residence.
Since he has been at this favourite watering-place his health
is so nearly restored that it is hoped be way be again able
to resume his pi ofw.ional avocations ere loag.

JOUVIN and CO.'S (Porte St. Denis, Paris)
PATENT GLOVES, Medallle d'Or.—Wholesale Depot, 166,
Piccadilly.-3s. 6d. per pair for either ladies or gentlemen. No dif-
ference by the dozen.

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.
Under the Management of Mr. Charles Kean.
THIS EVENING will be presented Shakspere's Play of THE
MERCHANT OF VENICE : Shylock, by Mr. C. Kean ; Portia, by
Mrs. C. Kean. Preceded by the Farce of DYING FOR LOVE.

ROYAL STRAND THEATRE.
Lessee and Directress, Miss Swanborough.
THIS EVENING, the Comedy of COURT FAVOUR: supported by
Messrs. Emery, Belford, Poynter, Turner,3li-ses M. Wilton, Hughes,
and Mrs. C. Melville. After which, HUNTING A TURTLE: by
Messrs. Belford, Burt, Turner, J. Clarke, and Miss M. Wilton. To
conclude with RAISING THE WIND: by Messrs. Belford, Turner,
J. Clarke, Mrs. C. Melville, and Miss E. Wilton.

CANTERBURY HALL, Westminster-road.—
OPEN EVERY EVENING.—The following company of Vo-
calists are engaged for the performance of Seleetions from all the
popular OPERAS, MADRIGALS , CHORUSES, GLEES, DUETS, &c.,
viz.:—Miss Russell, Mrs. Badsey, Jiias Bruaell, Miss Ray, Madam-
Bartoletti, Miss Montague, Mrs. Lawrence, and Mrs. Anderson
Merr F. Jonghmans, Mr. Henshaw, S. Jones, J. Barker, W. Melling
enor Antonio, E. L. lime, Mr. Badzey, Senor Tiroli, Mr. Cozens.
Mr. Uell, Mr. Barnard, and Mr. St. Albyn. Mr. John G. Forde
and E. W. Mackney. Pianoforte, Mr. Cecil Hicks ; laarmonium:
Mr. Courtnay ; Director, Herr P. Joughmans. Commence at seven
'clock precisely. Suppers, &c., until twelve o'clock.

THE WEATHER—SIIN OFFICE, AUGUST 20.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
75—higbest since noon yesterday.
62—lowest this morning and during the night.
67—this day at noon.
BAROMETER, 29.87.
WIND, North-Westerly; fresh and squally, with cloudy
weather, and some rain in the morning.

The bombardment of Jeddah is a thing accom.
plished. So was the infernal massacre by which i
was provoked. It is now disingenuously main
tained by the systematic enemies of the Government

that the condign punishment just inflicted upon tip
city which was the scene of these cruel and das-
tardly assassinations is, in a manner, unjustifiable.
Either, says the Times, we ought to have wreaked
our vengeance upon Jeddah sooner or not at all. A
bombardment of the place while yet reeking with the
warm blood of the /murdered Christians would,
according to our contemporary, have been " a
most intelligible and justifiable proceeding." Had
Captain PULLEN, it observes, turned the gun,
of the Cyclops on the lair of those de-
testable cut-throats, at the very time when
their hands were steeped in the bloody
evidences of their guilt, he would have been sup-
ported in so doing by the sympathy of every civi-
lized community. But now—and so fortb. The
argument, we insist, is from first to last; altogether
untenable. If every sea-captain had the right of de-
claring war upon the instant, at his own free will and
pleasure, the country would, indeed, be liable to
perpetual embroilment. What Captain PULLEN did
in the instance of Jeddah is precisely the very thing
he ought in reason, and loyalty, and humanity to
have endeavoured to accomplish. With the boats of
the Cyclops he contrived to secure the escape from the
scene of the massacre of those who must have perished
with their companionsbut for his most timely assistance
Having done all he could do at the period when the
crime was actually perpetrated, Captain PULLEN
drew off the Cyclops from before Jeddah, and tarried
for instructions as to his next proceedings—instruc-
tions for which be was in duty bound to wait from
the supreme authority of the Home Government.
Those instructions he has received. Upon those in-
structions he has acted. Jeddah has been visited
again by the Cyclops. Captain PuLrAsr, strength-
ened, or rather empowered by authority from
home, sends in a despatch to the Kaimakan.
That document announces, distinctly and explicitly,
that unless, within thirty-six hours, a satisfactory
answer were given to his requisition, the town would,
at the end of those thirty-six hours, be bombarded.
And the demand submitted to Jeddah under the
pressure of this alternative? It is simply the punish-
ment of the murderers. That punishment has pre-
viously been demanded by her Britannic Majesty's
Government from the supreme authority at Con-
stantinople. The Ottoman Porte has responded to
the appeal in terms befitting an ally for whom we
have spilt our best blood like water upon
the plateau before Sebastopol. The matter is
promised to be inquired into. A Commission of
Inquiry is organised, and instructed to proceed to
Jeddah, for the purpose of bringing the assassins up
to judgment. But time goes by—the Commission
does not make its appearance at its proposed destina-
tion—the criminals are at large—the crime is unex-
piated. And all the while the blood of the victims
is crying aloud to Heaven for Vengeance !

Our Government in this matter has not acted in
any one particular precipitately. It has proceeded
throughout, on the contrary, with all possible deli-
beration. Its first appeal is made to Constanti-
nople. That appeal is only in words responded to.
In act it is not responded to at all. Then, but not
till then, her MAJESTY'S steamer Cyclops is ordered
to proceed without further delay to Jeddah—to de-
mand the punishment of the assassins, a punishment
only too long delayed—and then, but then only, in
case of refusal, or apathy, or evasion, to bombard the
place. Well—they hare bombarded it. But they
have commenced doing so only after waiting patiently
the whole time stipulated. The first reply received
by Captain PULLEN from Jeddah is to the effect that
the Governor of the town, lIAMIK DACHA, is at Mecca.
The next reply shows that the Pacha's absence really
made very little difference. When he comes there—
his intimation to the captain of the Cyclops amounts
merely to this : that he possesses no power of life
and death, and that therefore the assassins (whom he
has in the meantime at last had arrested) cannot
possiby be executed until the arrival of the Special
Commissioner from Constantinople. So !—the
Special Commissioner has not arrived from Constan-
tinople—the murderers are not punished—the crime
is not expiated—and, as a matter of course, Jeddah
is thereupon bombarded and rebombarded.
At length, after the renewal of the bombardment
on the sth instant—upon that same day the long-
expected Ismail. PA CHA, the Special Commissioner,
really does at last make his appearance, accompanied
by 480 Egyptians. On the following morning
(the 6th of August, 1858) eleven of the
murderers are publicly executed in sight of
the town and shipping, and four of their accomplices
are sent off to Constantinople. And so the matter
has at length terminated—certainly with no discredit,
rather it should be said in a manner reflecting the
highest honour upon the Captain of the Cyclops,
and upon those who gave him authority—her
Britannic MAJESTY'S Government.

The Times still rages at the report of the Bank
Committee. The disciples of Lord OVERSTONE fan-
cied that report would have been decisive in their
favour: that it would deprive the monetary reformers
of every foundation for their opinions. The Corn-
mittee men had been very carefully selected. A num-
ber
of gentlemen, who had " passed the financial
chair," and all of whom were committed on the
point, were nominated. A few waverers, who, al-
though not admirers of the Act of 1844, were still
thorough-going bullionists, regarding "convertibility"
as the one thing needful in pecuniary matters, and a
few independent men like Messrs. SPOONER
and CATLET, were also included in the list
to give an appearance of fair play, but
they were invariably overruled on every im-
portant question—Sir CHARLES WooD and Sir G. C.
LEWIS had it completely their own way on every
important point, from the selection of witnesses to
the deciding on the weight that should be attached
to their evidence, and the publication of their own
peculiar views whenever they think proper to give
expression thereto.
But they are exceedingly unwilling to commit
themselves by an express approval of the Act. They
will not march through Coventry with Sir R. PEEL,
Lord OVERSTONE, and their servile disciples.
Although desirous of sustaining the Acts of
1844 and 1845, they do so rather by

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THE SUN.
THURSDAY, AUGUST 19, 1858.