The Sun.
London, England, 1867-04-25 00:00:00

We see it illustrated, indeed, in every department.
The reduction of a tax leads to a corresponding in-
crease in the consumption, so that the lesser im-
post brings in higher returns. The lightening of
the burdens on any trade invariably produces en-
couraging results, while the curbing, and fettering,
and restricting, not only sanctioned but advocated
by these Unions, is opposed to all sound doctrine
and all practical experience. In some of the con-
tinental countries the Government fixes the price
of the necessaries of life, and this has always been
strongly condemned by Englishmen. We pride
ourselves on our perfect commercial and individual
freedom, and it is considered a sufficient answer to

many suggestions for new schemes or experiments
that they will interfere with the freedom of
trade. It would seem, • however, that this free-
dom is more nominal than real, and that
the men, and through them the masters,
are fettered and chained down by the most arbitrary
regulations. Workmen talk about the tyranny of
the upper classes, but they impose restrictions on
themselves that no emp!oyer and no Government
would dream of imposing on them, and to which no
member of the professions would for a moment sub-

delayed a little from the non-reception of the articles
which were sent to it, proceeds satisfactorily. The
fine arts department is now complete. The statuary
is remarkable, and shows good progress in art in
Italy. The Emperor much admired the statue by
Vela of the last days of the life of Napoleon 1.,
and immediately purchased it. He also bought
another statue in plaster of Christopher Columbus,
and instructed M. Vela to execute it in marble. The
Italian furniture exhibited is distinguished by good
taste and elegance. The works on stone from Flo-
rence have also attracted much notice.

The gallery assigned to group 6 (instruments and
ordinary processes) differs materially from the eight
others. It is 1,200 metres long, 22 metres high, and
35 metres wide, and forms a sort of circular deposit
for machines and engines, destined to represent the
appliances of industry of the whole world. The
motive power given to the machines is applied upon
an improved principle, and the gallery is so arranged
as to enable the spectator to see a vast mass at the
same time. The steam generators are in the Park.
Some machines are set in motion by gas power on
the Lenoir system. The American lifeboat, the
Red, White, and Blue, is now in the exterior basin
of the Palace.

mit. What should we think of a law which forbade
an attorney to employ boys in his office, which sti-
pulated that a surgeon should not educate his
son for his own calling, which regulated the
wages a merchant or a banker should pay his
clerks ? It is an egregious mistake to suppose that
such restrictions can benefit either party. English
industry can surely be trusted out of leading strings.
If the ability and industry of the men cannot com-
mand fair wages on permanent grounds, they will
not be able to keep up the rate of pay by a system
of intimidation. We do not doubt the statement of
Mr. PorrEit, that the men are not desirous of con-
tinual disputes, and it is not always their fault
that disputes are not settled before extreme
measures are resorted to; but we think he himself
admits that his society puts a pressure on the
masters which no employer can always submit to.
Any remark as to the possible rate of profit or
the position of trade is constantly put aside by
all the witnesses. They know nothing about that,
they say. It is their business to care for the
men, not for the masters, and they do not take
their interests at all into account. Now, it
is manifest that, in legislating between two
parties, it is necessary to look at both
sides, and that laws made only with regard to the
interest of one must necessarily be faulty, incon-
clusive, and unjust. A partnership in which one
partner only consults his own individual interests,
being quite indifferent to the ultimate welfare of
the firm, will end in ruin to all parties ; and it is
this ruin which we fear the mistaken policy of the
Trades Unionists will bring upon many of our Eng-
lish industries. Whatever may be the rate of wages
and the hours of work at present in certain trades,
any independent observer must admit the serious
and long-continued depression of trade and the
number of unemployed hands who are vainly seek-
, ing for work. Are these the benefits which these
powerful and costly organisations have succeeded in
bringing upon the working classes ?

CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS.

(FP.031 OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)
PARIS, Wednesday Evening.

The Montieur publishes a telegram which states
that the King of Denmark returned to Copenhagen
on the 17th from England. His Majesty no longer
feels any alarm respecting the health of his august

There has been great activity at the Billancourt
Exhibition to-day, and the machinery has been set
to work. The jury have awarded the prizes for the
beautiful sheep which I mentioned some time ago.
The first prize was given for the south Downs sent
by M. Nouette Delorme.
The Longchamp Races went off with much eclat.
The Emperor and Prince Oscar of Sweden were
present. The Cup, a splendid work of art, in mas-
sive silver, worth 10,000 f., was won by M. Charles
Normandie. The Prix d'Auteuil, 2,000 f., was won
by Ajax the Third. The Prix des Cars, 4,000 f., was
won by Ruy Blas. Le Magicien was second in the
Cup race. The winner also gains 10,000 f. in specie.
Le Dixieme Prix Biennal, 1867-68,5000 f., was won
by Count Lagrange's Nemea. The Prix da
Suremes, 4,000 f., was won by Milton the Second.
The result of the first day's cricket match in the
Bois de Boulogne was—First innings 81, Maryle-
bone, 144, with three wickets down.
Several accidents took place at the Porchefon-
taine races. During the fourth race Ironsides,
belonging to the Duke of Hamilton, fractured a
leg i❑ leaping the river, and it has been necessary
to kill that valuable animal. Walker, the jockey,
was thrown and had his wrist seriously sprained.
Some other riders were thrown, but escaped with a
few bruises.

A luncheon has been given at the Pompeian
palace to Captain Hudson and his companion, Mr.
Fritch. It is well known that Captain Hudson is
the adventurous seaman who crossed the Atlantic,

from New York to Europe, in the Red, White,
and Blue, the miniature lifeboat of about two tons
and a half burthen, now at the Exhibition. The
guests were very numerous, and great enthusiasm

and cordiality prevailed.
The imperial Commission have just decided that
there shall be international regattas in the basins of

St. Cloud ~and Argenteuil. v There will also be
international regattas during six days before the
Island of Billancourt. The exact period for these
regattas is not yet fixed. In addition to this it is
intended to make various nautical experiments with
the engines and boats used for pleasure trips. A
special committee has been appointed, under the
presidency of M. Gabriel Benoit Champy, to make
the arrangements for these very attractive sports.
The Imperial Commission has set apart 20,000 f. to
defray a portion of the expenses..
The eminent surgeon, Dr. Jobert de Lamballe,
has just died in his 67th year. He was a member
of the Academies of Medicine and Science, and one
of the surgeons in ordinary to the Emperor. He
was sucqessively surgeon to the Hospital of St. Louis,
the Hotel Dieu, the temporary hospital of St.
Cloud, and professor of surgery to the faculty.
The deceased had reputation throughout Europe,
and wrote many important medical works. Unfor-
tunately he became insane some years ago, and died
at a Inaison de sante.
This has been a regular April day, very showery,
but warm and favourable to vegetation.

daughter, the Princess of Wales, and his arrival
announced to the Prince Royal and the Court that
he brought the most tranquillising news respecting
her. The Queen of Denmark will remain for some
time in England, and will not return to Denmark
till a few days before the 26th of May, the anniver-
sary of her marriage. On the day following his
return King Christian presided at a Council of
Ministers, and signed a rescript, which was pub-
lished on the same evening, announcing to his sub-
jects that he had resumed the exercise of his sove-
reignty, which duty had been entrusted during his
absence to the heir to the Throne.

The Marquis de Banneville, Ambassador from
France to Switzerland, returned to Berne on the
18th inst., and resumed the direction of the business
of the embassy. The Federal Council of the Hel-
vetic Republic have created a post of Minister
Plenipotentiary from Switzerland to the Court of
Berlin. It is M. Heer, of Glaris, who has been
appointed to the office.
The Italian papers announce that the conferences
relative to the treaty of commerce between Austria
and Italy were terminated on Saturday last. The
two States grant each other respectively many ad-
vantages. It is believed that the treaty will very
shortly be signed and ratified.
The polemics and conjectures upon the subject of
Luxembourg continue ; but in the greater part of
the journals which I have seen various circum-
stances are mentioned which tend to prove conclu-
sively that Prussia, so far from being disposed to
conciliation, is ready to brave the opposition of all
the Powers, rather than relinquish her claim to
occupy the fortress. The Paris Press may be said
to be unanimous, for the exceptions are rare, in be-

lieving that war is inevitable if Prussia should not
consent to withdraw her troops from Luxembourg.
It is very long since there appeared in France such
a disposition for war.

The Memorial Diplomatique says :
" It is certain that Pruesia, in consequence of the
eventualities which may arise from the Luxembourg
question, has sought with an earnestness which can
be well understood to enlist the neutrality of Den-
mark. With this view the Berlin Cabinet has made
proposals to the Danish Government, offering as the
price of neutrality to give it immediate satisfaction

in regard to the sth article of the treaty of Prague.

" According to our information the answer of the
Danish Government was very laconic, but precise.
It contented itself with replying to the communica-
tion from the Prussian Government that its right
was formally conservated in a treaty which bears the '
signature of Prussia, and the execution of which
ought not to be made subordinate to any engage-
ment calculated to affect the national inde-
pendence."
I have already noticed some of the most promi-
nent of the works of art in silver, plated, or in
bronze, exhibited by Messrs. Christofle and Co., but
the ensemble presents such striking proof of the
great advance made in France in this branch of in-
dustry that it is right to mention some other beau-
tiful articles, some of which are in class 21, and the
others in class 40, in the interior of the Palace, and
in the Park. They comprise specimens of several
new processes connected with the fabrication of
bronzes and electro and galvanic plating. The gilt
and silver plate is remarkable, because some of the
table services are manufactured in four styles, and
after four models, for instance simple, but elegant,
style of Louis the 16th, some of Louis the 14th plain,
and also of Louis the 14th engraved. The tea szr-
vices are in form and style as diversified as they are
tasteful and useful. Among the articles of art in
silver and other materials is a vase of exquisite taste,
the Education of Achilles, modelled by Mathurin,
Moreau, and Madroux. The bas-relief represents
the Centaur Chiron exercising the young Achilles
iu the race. Two genii, bearing a branch of palm to
symbolise emulation which leads to good, and the
rein, which moderates and directs. The English
must take peculiar interest in the work illustrative
of the art of navigation, a tribute offered to Mr.
Larkins, of the Board of Trade, by the French
Government as a souvenir of the services rendered
by him in concert with M. C. Sallandrouze de La-
mornaix, the figure modelled by M. Carrier
Belleuse. There are other remarkable articles iu
repoesse chasing. Visitors, I am sure, will be as
much gratified with those articles as with any in the
Exhibition.
The Italian patio of the Ezhibitiott, though

THE SUN, LONUON, THERSOAY EVENING, APRIL 25, 1867.