The Sun.
London, England, 1867-08-13 00:00:00

from time to time, to resume the subject. The

ignored.
The steam ram Stonewall, whose name has been
changed to Japan, was to sail for Japan on the 16th
instant. She carries the armament originally on
board, with a special crew and two officers of the
Japanese navy. The Dunderberg arrived at Cher-
bour last Saturday, after making an excellent pas-
sage, which must be a consolation to Mr. Webb.
Some maintain that the vessel is the most powerful
in the world ; others that she is a huge imposition.
But her purchasers will now have every opportunity
of judging for themselves.
It is said that the President is preparing a pro-
clamation, warning citizens against joining in any
filibustering attempt. on the territory of Mexico.
This criminal intention—if ever entertained—has
beesab
andoned, as it is known that the Govern-
ment would forcibly interfere. The intelligence
from the city of Mexico is to the Bth of July.
Juarez was expected at the capital, and has ordered
an election to be held for a successor to himself as
President of the Republic. This is necessary, as by
Mexican law Ortega, and not himself, is the rightful
President. Ortega, by the written constitution as
Vice-President, succeeded Juarez when the term of
that President expired. This is the law of Mexico, and
by it Juarez is simply an usurper, and has been so
for many months. Ills first step on his return to
the capital will be to secure his own re-election ;
therefore he has named himself as successor, and,
if reports speak true, will secure his election by a
judicious use of 111 s military power. Porfirio Diaz
appears to be acting with more moderation in the
capital than is usual with Mexican chiefs. The
French Minister is not detained, no obstacle being
placed in the way of his departure. But the
foreign ministers wait the arrival of Juarez to
secure the safety of their countrymen while on the
journey from Mexico to Vera Cruz. General Vida-
nevre was arrested on the 7th of July by order of
Porfirio Diaz, and shot the same day. The bodies
of Maximilian, Miramon, and Mejia were em-
balmed. That of Maximilian will be surrendered
to Austria, on demand. That Juarez is not des-
tined to walk over the course is clear from the news
by the Cuba. Eseobedo has announced his candi-
dature for the Presidency, and proclaimed his
policy to be to exterminate or drive all foreigners
from Mexico. The only other items of news by the
Cuba are that it is stated. President Johnson has
positively decided to. remove General Sheridan.
The Connecticut:Legislature has rejected the Female
Suffrage 11111. Fifty deaths fromccholera,
cholera occur
daily at Memphis, chiefly
among the negroes.
Cholera is also raging among the garrisons of
the forts on the Western plains. Advises
from Brownsville to the 20th ultimo state that
all Imperial prefects in Mexico had been exiled
for six years. The Bishop of Jalapa had been
arrested on a charge of aiding the empire. A
general confiscation of Imperialist property had
commenced. Foreign prisoners are alleged to
lave been marched through the streets of Quere-
taro. the betrayer of Maximilian, had
been arrested at Oajaca, by the Governor, and
ordered to be tried by court-martial for ex-
cesses committed by him whilst an Imperial officer.
New Orleans advises state that the body of Maxi-
uiil;an had been delivered to the Austrian Legation.
The remains are on the way to Vera Cruz, where
the Austrian steam frigate Elizabeth will re-
ceive them. That vessel is expected at New Orleans
on the 14th August. It is stated that the intense
indignation excited in Europe by the wanton and
criminal execution of Maximilian has not been
without its effect even in Mexico, and that Juarez is
preparing a defence of his course. Santa Anna is
reported to be still alive, confined in Campeachy.
The Pall Mall Gazette states :—" It is said on good
authority that a document was exhibited by Santa
Anna at Vera Cruz, signed and sealed by Presi-
dent Johnson and Mr. Seward, to the effect that if
Santa Anna would return to Mexico and establish
himself as President and Dictator, the United States
would recognise him as the head of the Government,
furnish him with loans to the extent of $200,000
per month, aid him with munitions of war, and
permit him to recruit in the United States. The
document was doubtless a forgery, and, if it was
exhibited, shows bow desperate were the means to
which the celebrated intriguer was accustomed to
resort." -It is net known what the turn of public
opinion will be on which the action of the Govern-
ment in this case depends. But Mexico might at
any time or by any false step bring on her shoulders
the weight of United States intervention. Mr.

TimEs.-IVe live in an age of revolutions. The
Reform Bill, which was practically settled last night
when the Lords agreed to forego those amendments
they had made, but whin the Commons refused to
approve, is, we are told, nothing. It does, indeed,
admit to the franchise some hundreds of thousands
of voters, more or less, for the most part of the
working class ; but, as Mr. Disraeli has discovered
the effect of this enlargement of the electoral body
will not be apparent. England is unchangeable.
The House 'of Commons " may be renovated ; it
cannot be reformed."' What it did yesterday is the
same as what it will do to-morrow. But by the
side of this Reform Bill a real revolution is in pro-
gress. Only last week it was discovered that the
grave ceremonial " a call of the House" had become
a thing of the past. Mr. Bright was understood to
desire a revival of the old form, but, as on investi-
gation it appeared that the venerable Sergeant-at-
Arms would have to send his deputies in a hundred
directions at once in search of as many members
scattered in Scotland and Switzerland, in Norway
and Canada, the project was wisely abandoned.
And now it has become apparent that the days of
Conferences are over for ever. Never more will the
business of both Houses be suspended in order that
a few elderly gentlemen in cocked hats and seated
in arm chairs may receive from the hands of a few
others, equally respectable and elderly, standing
and uncovered, the written statement of reasons
why the latter venture, in all humility, to differ
from the Lords of Parliament. The Commons
found they could send their " reasons" by a clerk
without submitting to the indignity of waiting per-
sonally upon the managers of the Peers, and they
chose the alternative. The omen is terrible. The
first symptoms of the coming Revolution of 'B9
were the cries of " Couvrez vous" and " Decouvrez"
in the States General, but, threatening as the sign
is, we have still some confidence that we are not
entering on a similar era of convulsion. There
are, no doubt, rationalists who will ask whether
it was not better to upset once and for ever an
obsolete ceremonial. At this Conference of the
two Houses which bore such a mysterious sanctity
nothing used to be done beyond the handing of a
paper from a Commoner to a Peer, and if a clerk
can do the same office more expeditiously why should
not the change be made? We cannot bring our-
selves to argue with such audacious inquiries, and
turn with alacrity to consider the action of the House
of Lords when the " reasons" of the Commons were
brought before them. Lord Derby recommended
the Upper House to defer to the resolutions of the
Lower. There had only been three considerable
points of difference between the two houses, and
upon one of the three the Commons had yielded,'
while on the others they had stood firm. Lord
Derby yesterday advised the Peers to give way on
these remaining points. Had he been content to
offer this advice his speech would have been brief.
Unfortanately he practised no such prudent self-
restraint. In the course of his remarks he quoted
Lord Eldon's advice to the barrister who was afraid
he might go wrong as a Colonial Judge—" Give
your judgment, but never give your reasons for it"
—as a condemnation of the " reasons" the Com-
mons had urged for dissenting from the Lords'
Amendments, but he seems to have forgotten that
it might tell equally against himself. The Lords
had made two amendments which the Commons
had flatly refused to accept. Lord Derby had
made up his mind to recommend the Lords to yield.
Had he simply pleaded the advanced period of the
session, and the necessity of preventing all chance
of a failure of the Reform Bill, he would have said
enough, and would have consulted the dignity of
the house. What he preferred to do was to
insist at leng h upon the superior policy of the
Lords' Amendments, and be thus contrived to
exalt the power of the Commons and to reduce
his own house to a position of insignificance.
The Lords were made to appear like an excellent
but hen-pecked husband who has made up his
mind to give way to the more resolute will of his
wife, and foolishly thinks he can save his own
dignity by proving to her the unreasonable cha-
racter of her demand. The worst of it is, too, that
dispassionate observers will come to the conclusion
that in this case the hen-pecked husband has not
got the wisdom on his side. Lord Derby began
by condemning any increase of three-cornered con-
stituencies. Ile thought they had not worked
well, and he appeared to be quite unconscious that
the experience of three-cornered constituencies in
the past is wholly irrelevant to what it may be in
the fature. Lord Stanhope and Lord Harrowby
both repeat ed a desire to see more three-cornered con-
stituencies created, and we are content to wait with
perfect assurance that their wishes will be fulfilled.
The more important parts, however, of Lord Derby's
speech related to the rejection of Voting Papers
and the reduction of the Copyhold and Leasehold
Franchises —points upon which the Commons had
disagreed with the Lords. Lord Derby went at
considerable length through the reasons why the
Leasehold Franchise should not have been reduced,
and concluded with the observation that with the
exception of two counties, and perhaps a part of a
third, the increase in the number of voters, conse-
quent upon the reduction,would be very insignifi-
cant, and would not exercise any material influence
in an election. It is impossible to imagine a con-
clusion mote condemnatory of the previous reason-
ing. It was no doubt a temptation to Lord Derby
to expose the confused phraseology of the Com-
mons' " reasons," but it would hale been wiser to
refrain. Lord Derby treated the subject of Voting
Papers with more brevity, but declared his entire
approval of them. He even looked forward to a
time when they might be adopted, but the light
and careless way in which he referred to the possi-
bility of increased intimidation and corruption in
consequence will scarcely tend to diminish the jea-
lousy of the House of Commons. The result, how-
ever, of his elaborate demonstration of the Com-
mons' reasons for disagreeing with Voting Papers,
and for insisting on a reduction of the Copyhold and
Leasehold Franchises, was a recommendation to de-
fer to them which was immediately accepted. An Irish
Peer, Lord Claucarty, expressed some regret that a
collision between the two houses had not been preci-
pitated, to be followed by an appeal to the country,
in which the judgment of the Lords would he thought
be upheld ; but even this daring Peer silently, if
reluctantly, acquiesced in the more peaceful policy
of the Prime Minister. The supposed necessity of
his case led Lord Derby yesterday into a strange
series of contradictions. The reduction of the copy-
hold and leasehold franchises would be inoperative
except so far as to bring a certain additional number
of voters on to the register ; yet the reduction ought
to have been resisted. Voting papers might be
abused, and certainly they Were brought forward by
Lord Salisbury at the latest moment, yet they ought
to have been adopted. Triangular constituencies
have not worked well without a provi-ion for secur-
ing the representation of minorities, and they ought
not to be increased in number with such a prevision
incorporated in the law. The enfranchisement of
voters is nothing ; the purity of election is a trifle ;
the direct representation of the several elements of
a large constituency is a dangerous heresy. On the
whole, the Commons were wrong on every point,
but they must be allowed to have their own way.
We confess to being rather of Lord Russell's
opinion. The Commons dissented from the objec-
tionable amendments made by the Lords ; they
accepted the amendment that was useful. The
Commons believed that the owners of copyholds
and leaseholds worth a year are well qualified
fur the franchise. The Commons believed that the-
use of voting papers would facilitate undue influence
and corrupt practices. We join with Lord Russell
in concurring with both these conclusions. We join
with him also in the fixed conviction, unshaken by
the alarms of prejudice, come from what quarter
they may, that the amendment to which the Com-
mons did agree is the first expression of a just and
beneficial principle, the scope of which must be
progressively extended to the improvement of the
constitution ;f the House of Commons and to the
remit emancipation of all sections of voters. _
TILE "WESTMINSTER GAZETTE" ON TIIE POPE'S ENE •
MlES.—Under this heading we have copied else-
where an article from an American Catholic paper,
which mentions some striking instances of the visi-
ble vengeance of Providence on the unhappy men
who took part in the Italian Revolution, and in the
spoliation of the Church in the Kingdom of Pied-
mont and in the Duchies, and in the usurpation of
the dominions of the Holy See. Many additional
and still more startling facts might be added to
those collected,by our able Transatlantic contem-
porary. We proceed to narrate some of those which
save coule to our own 'knowledge, and wt; hope,

justifications of the Lord ought not to pass unno-
ticed by those who revere His moral government
of His own world. We invite from our readers
the communication of any similar facts of which
they may be cognisant. The Bill of Rattazzi for
secularising the conventual property was brought
in during the autumn of 1854. It passed the Senate,
but the debate upon it in the Representative Cham-
ber had hardly commenced when, on the 9th Jan.,
1855, the King's mother, the Queen Dowager, was
smitten down with sudden and fatal illness, of which
she expired on the afternoon of the third day after
her seizure. Her interment took place on the 16th,
and the Royal family had scarcely returned from
the funeral when it became necessary that Maria
Adelaide, the Queen Consort, should receive the
last Sacraments. She died at daybreak on the
20th. On the same day the Duke of Genoa, the
King's only brother, aged 33, was smitten down
with sudden and fatal illness. Notwithstanding
the best efforts of medical skill, he expired on
the evening of the 10th of February, on which
very day Count Cavour had resumed in the Repre-
sentative Chamber the debate on the Convents
Confiscation Bill. On the 17th of May, the Infant
Prince, who had been born on the Bth of January,
folloWed his mother to an untimely grave. Pre-
viously, in March, 1856, there had died the Couut
Giacinto di Collegno, Senator. It was he who had
originated the project of law against the Religious
Corporations, the iniquitous measure that has given
legislative effect in the Bill of Rattazzi. His illness
was unintelligible to the faculty : he was still in the
prime of life. Before his death, he sent for his
parish priest, and made, before competent wit-
nesses, a solemn retractation of the share he had
borne in the law of conventual spoliation. On the
29th of October in the same year died Count Joseph
Siccardi, aged 53. He had suffered intensely for
a year. He sent for the parish priest, but was
unable to do more than answer with the word
" yes," when asked if he retracted the hostile
speeches against the Church which he was the first
man to make in the Piedmontese Senate. About
the same time another Senator, the Baron Mar-
gharita, made a similar retractation, and died.
On the 4th of April, 1860, the President of the
Representative Chamber of Turin, General Quaglia,
read out the names of the deputies of Bologna
and Ravenna, just elected to serve in the "Italian"
Parliament from the usurped Papal territory. No
sooner had the President pronounced the names
of the traitors than he was smitten with apo-
plexy ; he was carried home and died within forty-
eight hours. Bianchi Giovini, editor of a blasphe-
mous and revolutionary Turin paper, called the
Unione, commenced to write a popular history of
the Papacy, which it was designed to blacken and
vilify. He had published the first three chapters,
and had written and put to press the fourth ; but
before its appearance the impious author was
struck with paralysis, and disabled from further
abuse of his literary talents. In the same year
there died also Cornero, a Deputy, who had brought
in a law against the Church. In addition to what
is stated in the article we have quoted above about
Count Cavour, it is well known that he was seized
with his mortal illness on the Ist or 2nd of June,
1860, the day on which the national festival of
the unification of Italy was appointed to be, held ;
that he received the last Sacraments (without
retractation, and, therefore, it is to be feared,
invalidly ; for which the monk who communicated
him was severely reprehended at Rome) on the feast
of Corpus Christi (then for the first time dishon-
oured by being ignored by the State), and he died
on the following morning. To the account given
of Farini, it should be added that his madness was
caused by the fixed idea that he was haunted by
the ghost of Anviti, whom he had caused to be
torn to pieces by the ferocious revolutionary mob
of Parma. His shrieks from the horror of this
bloody vision are said to have been terrible. About
Fanti it may be truly added, that his savage order
of the day, at which even the Liberal press cried
out shame, will not soon be forgotten in Italy. In
the year 1865, there died Massimo d'Azeglio, noble-
man, diplomatist, author, and statesman, a promi-
nent abettor of the Revolution. Ile was cut off in
the midst of his career, and in the flower of his
age • also. Brofferio,.lleputy, and a popular writer,
noted for his scurrilous attacks on religion; the
Deputies Varese, Boggio, Chiassi, and Cassinis ; the
last committed suicide. In 1865, also, five deputies
were forced by ill-health to retire from their Par-
liamentary duties. About the same time there also
died a remarkable number of other noted revolu-
tionist partisans, all men in the prime of life.
Amongst them were Gioca, Manna, Pareto,
Valerio, Zambianchi, Roberto d'Azeglio, Pinelli, and
Montanelli. ilillontone was smitten down by para-
lysis as he was returning from the council, where
Ihe had proposed th'b nullification of the Concordat
and the persecution of the Catholics, and the Coun-
cillor of State and Vice-President of the Chamber,
Da Farina, a Sicilian, and subject of the Kingdom
of Naples. He was the first who planned the
iniquitous and traitorous invasion of the Neapolitan
territory. Avignone, a revolutionary priest of Milan,
notorious for his persecution of the vicar-gene-
ral and clergy who remained faithful to the Holy
See, died also. lie was struck down suddenly.
One more solenin fact has to be added to the pre-
sent enumeration ; it is the most striking and
mournful of all, for it relates to the defection of
a Prelate of the Church—one of those " who
seemed to be pillars," whose function it was not
only to walk in the way of truth themselves, but
to strengthen their brethren therein. Monsignor
Caputo, Bishop of Arcano, in violation of his
duty to his rightful King, publicly recognised the
usurpation of Garibaldi and Victor Emmanuel.
He is reported to have said that he hoped to
sing High Mass at- St. Peter's to celebrate the
fall of the Papacy ! lie became grand almoner
to Victor Emmanuel. lie died on the 6th De-
cember, 1862, after his own vicar-general and the
clergy of the Chapter had been compelled, on
account of his impenitence, to refuse him the last
Sacraments, which he ultimately received from the
hands of an interdicted priest, one of the Garibal-
dian crew. He shared the treason and the untimely
fate of the Count of Syracuse, uncle to the young
King of Naples, who was cut off in the midst of
his days, after he had joined in a base alliance
with the enemies of the nation and of the royal race
to which he belonged. Men must be blind—nay,
besotted—who refuse to recognize in these events
something more than the dispensation of blind
chance :—" How IT FARES WITH THE POPE'S ENEMIES.
—ln the awful drama which was played in 1860 in
Italy, when the Marches and Umbria were invaded,
the principal characters were enacted by five per-
SODS, whom we may call the heroes of the drama.
They were-Ist, Count Cavour, who, on September
7, 1860, sent to Cardinal Antonelli his famous
ultimatum; 2d, Manfredo Fanti, Minister of War,
Commander-in-Chief of the Troops on the Fron-
tiers," as, he signed himself in his order of the day ;
3d, Carlo Luigi Farini, who countersigned the
celebrated proclamation to the Italians on October
9; in which he said I have caused my soldiers to
enter the Marches and Umbria, putting to flight
that gathering of all nations, and of all tongues,
which had assembled there ;" 4th, Carlo Persano,
who bombarded Ancona, and who boasted of having
hurled against the Pontifical city in less than three
hours more than 1,600 shots ; and lastly, Enrico
Cialdini, who, in his order of the day of 11th Sep-
tember, called the brave and noble defenders of the
Pope a troop of drunken foreigners' (un masnado
di briachi stranieri); and said to his troops, ' Fight
against and destroy without pity those hireling
assassins.' Now, what was the end of the first four?
The bare thought of it makes one shudder with
horror. Not a year had elapsed when Count
Cavour, while smoking a cigar after dinner, was
stricken to the earth with a sudden mortal blow of
sickness, and in a few days he died a wretched
death ; and that too, just within the time which he
had appointed for his entry into Rome. Soon
after, Fanti was attacked by a mysterious disease,
which for two years kept him just within the con-
fines of life and death, and, after having caused
him the most exquisite tortures in every way, ended
by bringing him to a premature grave. He was
followed by Carlo Farini, who, having reached the
rank of Prime Minister, went mad, and was reduced
,to the most wretched of all states to which man
can be brought. But there is more to tell—a more
striking fate, if possible, than that of the other three
has already fallen upon the fourth hero. On the
15th of April Carlo Persano, the hero of Ancona,
was condemned to that state of degradation men-
tioned in our last--condemned in a most severe
sentence by the Senate of the Kingdom, presided
over by that very Senator Marzucchi, who, in
October, 1860, proposed to the senators an order
of the day in honour of Persano, the bombarder
of Ancona. Of the five, there only remains unhurt
Enrico Cialdini, and, whilst we are far from re-
joicing at the unhappy fate which has attended
the first four, we wish a happy and long life to the
fifth. But for four out of five to come to such
lamentable ends is a large proportion, and gives
matter for serious consideration ; and so much the
more When we remember the remonstrance ad-
dressed on May 27th, 1860, by Guiseppe Ferrari,
publicly in the House of Representatives, to
Cavour, Fanti, Farini, Persano, and Cialdini, who
were present. Ferrari said he Papacy which
you believe to be dead, or almost dead, I, who am
not suspected of extravagant veneration for it,;
most firmly believe to be full of life ; and I see
that the many people who attack it most warmly
comprehend it most !" At those words the un-
happy men laughed. They laughed too soon ; for
four of them have verified the words of the speaker,
and have proved by the misery which has befallen
them how "i i they understood " the strength of

Oh gran Padre ! por Lui ohe s'immola
Taccia alfine quell'ira tremenda,
E de' ciechi l'insana. parola
Volgi in meglio, pietoso Signor.
(Father Almighty ; for His sake who gave llinasalf
in sacrifice • let Thy dread wrath now cease at
length ; and, 0 merciful Lord! change to the
better the insane words of the blind.)"

THE GOLD FIELDS OF NOVA SCOTIA.

The Money Market Review of the 3rd instant, in
an article on the production of gold, refers to the
area over which the gold-bearing quartz of this
province extends ; and states that in some of the
districts gold mining operations were making an
althost,fabulous return. Lamenting the apparent
apathy of English capitalists in neglecting these
gold-fields, which may be said to lie at our very
doors, Mr. Hamilton, the Chief Commissioner of
Mines at Halifax, observes that " The Americans
are gradually settling here, and are picking up all
our best things ; " and we revert to this subject
just now in consequence of the appearance of a
joint-stock company just advertised which proposes
to work one of the grants made by the Crown at
the Ovens promontory, in the county of Lunen-
burg.
In calling the attention of English capitalists to
the reports of the Government Commissioner of
Mines in Nova Scotia, we shall not be supposed to
advocate the interests of any company in particu-
lar, but we would observe that at a moment
when so much distress prevails among the hardy
and industrious miners of Cornwall, it seems only
reasonable that some attempt should be made to
turn the•mining skill and judgment of these men to
a practical account, and we know of no field where
their enterprizing character and capability could
he better brought to bear than the gold fields of
Nova Scotia. It is true that just now there is great
dearth of speculation in the English money mar -
ket, but little doubt can be entertained that a very
few weeks will reanimate the small speculators in
mining undertakings, and that capital associated
for Joint Stock enterprise, will readily be sub-
scribed for bona fide companies whose proceed-
ings will bear such investigation as the experi-
ence of the last twelve months has rendered
necessary to be made into every project newly in-
troduced to public notice. Nor must it be for-
gotten that economy and prudence in the manage-
nent are the main ingredients for producing satis-
'actory results to those whose capital has been

invested.
We are expecting further intelligence by the
next mail from .11alifax, and shall continue in our
next publication the news from the gold districts
of this British province, towards which we would
earnestly direct the attention of English capitalists•
—Westminster Gazette.