The Sun.
London, England, 1858-10-22 00:00:00

SURREY QUARTER SESSIONS.

KINGSTON, OCT. 21.
(Before Mr. Tilson, Chairman, and a Bench of
Magistrates.)
SINGULAR ROBBERY.

Edward Allcorn, 16, a lad formerly in the ser-
vice of a highly respectable medical practitioner of
Croydon, was indicted for feloniously breaking and
entering the counting-house of the London, Brigh-
ton, and South Coast Railway, Company at Croy-
don, and stealing several railway tickets, ss. m
copper money, a book, and other articles, the pro-
perty of the said company.
He was also charged with receiving the property,
knowing it to have been stolen.
Mr. Robinson conducted the prosecution.
Mr. Redford, the station master at the East Croy-
don station, deposed that about 9 o'clock on the 9th
October he locked up his office and till as usual,
and at this time there were five shillings in copper,
and about six shillings in silver in the latter, and he
noticed that among the copper money there was one
penny piece very much battered. On his going to
the office on the following morning he discovered
that the till had been opened and all the money was
gone. He also missed a box of steel pens, a song-
book that belonged to himself, and the ticket tube
appeared to have been forced open, and seven
second-class return tickets to Brighton and a first-
class return ticket to Redhill had been taken from
it. On the same afternoon the half of one of the
Brighton return tickets was shown to him, and he
observed that an attempt appeared to have been
clumsily made to pass it through the marking ma-
chine to efface the date, and the figures appeared to
have been finished off with a pencil. He had known
the prisoner for several years, and he was formerly
errand-boy to Dr. Bottomley, of Croydon, and was in
the habit of carrying medicine to the railway station
for the officers of the company, and he was well ac-
quainted with the nature of the building. The
prisoner came to the station on the morning after
the robbery, and took a ticket for Kenley, near
Caterham, and upon his seeing him in custody on
the same afternoon, he asked him where he got the
second-class return ticket to Brighton from, and the
reply was, " I did not break into your office." The
witness then identified the song book and the penny
piece he had referred to in his evidence.
A porter belonging to the railway deposed that
on the day before the robbery he saw the prisoner
leaning against the window of the ladies' waiting
room, apparently reading a book, and upon his in-
quiring what he was doing there, he said that he
was only reading. A bundle containing some
articles marked with the prisoner's name, and also
the song book belonging to Mr. Redford, was after-
wards picked up under the railway arch close by.
Brown, one of the company's constables at the
Brighton Railway station, proved that prisoner ar-
rived at that place by the 10.45 train from London. He
had presented a ticket, which was recognised by the
ticket-collector as one of those which had been tele-
graphed as having been stolen, and was given into
his charge. He asked the prisoner where he had
got the ticket from, and he said that he had given
12s. 6d. for it, the proper fare being 9s. 6d., and
upon searching him he found ss. 10d. in copper
money; amongst which was the battered penny that
had been identified by Mr. Redford, a gimlet, a
knife with a saw in it, a small file, and a box of
pens.
Inspector Carpenter, of the Metropolitan Police,
deposed that upon receiving information of the
robbery he went to the Croydon station, and he
ascertained that the robbery had been effected by
some person having broken the window of the
ladies' waiting-room and then forcing open the door
which led to the booking-office. There were some
holes in this door which corresponded in size with
the gimlet that was found in the possession of the
prisoner. He inquired of him when he was brought
to the station where lie had been staying lately at
Croydon, and he refused to tell him. He then asked
him what he had done with the book he had been
reading on the Saturday, and he said it was in a
bundle under the railway arch.

The prisoner, when called upon for his defence,
replied, " I have nothing to say."
The Chairman having summed up, the jury at
once returned a verdict of guilty.
Inspector Carpenter informed the Court that an
indictment had been found against the prisoner, in
the county of Sussex, for breaking into the Three
Bridges station and stealing money under similar
circumstances to the present case. Two robberies
of the like kind had been committed at the same
station.

TheTh airman sentenced the prisoner to be kep
to hard labour for 12 months.

POLICE IN2'_ELLWEIVCE—Oct. 21.

M ANSION-II 0 S E.—Richard Gay, a well-
dressed, middle-aged man, in the employment of
IVlcssrs. Henry,- Edward, and Maurice Moses, of
Cannon-street-west, clothiers, was brought before
Alderman Rose upon the charge of having robbed
the firm of eight pieces of cloth.
Robert Beales, foreman to the prosecutors, said,
—The prisoner has been employed at our house as
a cutter, and yesterday afternoon, in consequence
of instructions which I received, I watched the
prisoner down stairs from the cutting-room, and
when he arrived at the bottom of the stairs Mr.
Edward Moses expressed a wish to speak to him.
I followed the prisoner to the counting-house, and
on arriving at the door he took off his hat, and
took out of it a handkerchief containing two pieces
of cloth which had been cut out for trouser lengths.
He dropped the cloth out of the handkerchief on
the floor, and said, in reply to a question from Mr.
Moses, that he was going to take it home. He then
stated that "he was sorry for it," and the officer
was called in and directed to take him into custody.
I went to his address in Sun-street, Bishopsgate,
with the officer, and found there a quantity of
cloth and trimmings and linings which I believe to
be the property of my employers ; but one small
portion, which is the cloth for a pair of trousers,
has our mark upon it.
The Prisoner—lt cannot be denied that when I
was apprehended I showed the greatest willingness
to give facilities to the officer.

the witness replied that such was certainly the
case.

Alderman Rose—What has the prisoner been
paid by his employers ?
Witness—His wages were is. a-day.
Alderman Rose—ls his place one of trust ?
Witness—Certainly, very much so. He is a sort
of foreman.
Alderman Rose—And the defalcations might
have been attributed to other persons in the em-
ployment of the prosecutors ?
Witness—No doubt of it.

Russell (city detective)—l received the prisoner
into custody. He said he had taken the cloth pro-
duced, and he hoped Mr. Moses would be as lenient
as possible, and he would let him know all. I told
him Mr. Moses could hold out to him no inducement
whatever. He told me where he lived, and he
offered to go with me to search his house, and we
there found a quantity of cloth and other goods. I
also found 25 duplicates, which I produce.
The Alderman having proceeded to read the cau-
tion addressed to prisoners before committal.
The prisoner interrupted him, and said, " Then
you don't mean to deal summarily with this ? I
gave every facility, and that ought to be taken into
consideration."

Alderman Rose—l look upon the case as of too
serious a nature to be dealt with by this bench.
You have been most confidentially employed, and
innocent men might have been accused of that of
which you have been guilty.
The prisoner was then committed for trial.

GUILDHAIL.-z-As some misapprehension is
likely to arise in the public mind with regard to
the treatment of the six lunatic women who were
brought from Paris, being British subjects, by di-
rection of the British ambassador, we beg to inform
our readers that, although the lunatic ladies were
received, as a mere matter of form, as " casual pau-
pers" at the City of London Union at Bow, every
arrangement was made, by the express direction of
Alderman Finnis, in order that they might be
treated, not as common paupers, but as paupers
entitled by their position and infirmities to more
than ordinary care and attention. They are there-
fore to be kept separate from the other inmates of
the union until they can be formally removed to
the proper asylum.
Henry Waters, a railway clerk, was placed at
the bar before Alderman Finnis charged with em-
bezzling the moneys of the Birkenhead, Chester,
and Holyhead Railway Company.
Sergeant Scott, of the detective force, said—
From information I received through the Gazette I
'stopped the prisoner in Holborn, and asked him if
his name was Henry Waters, and if he had. been a
clerk in the goods department of the Birkenhead
and Lancashire Railway Company. On receiving
his answer in the affirmative, I told him I was an
officer and should apprehend him on the charge of
embezzling the moneys of his employers. He said
he did not embezzle the money, he lost it.
Alderman Finnis—ls it a large sum ?
Scott—l have no information beyond what the
prisoner has told me.
Alderman Finnis—ls there any one here on the
part of the railway company ?
Scott—No, sir ; but as soon as I apprehended
the prisoner I telegraphed to the company, and re-
ceived a reply intimating that an officer has started
and is now on his way with a warrant to take the
prisoner back.
Alderman Finnis—Then I will remand the p • ri-

soner till to-morrow, unless the officer arrives with
the warrant before I leave the bench.

From the information in the Gazette it appeared,
although the exact amount was not specified, that
the prisoner's defalcations amount to a very large
sum. The prisoner, however, denies that they are
so extensive.

WESTMINSTER.—AIfred Lowe, alias Smith,
alias Cockett, alias King, a middle-aged, well-
dressed man, about the middle' height, of good ap-
pearance and address, was brought up on a warrant
charged with unlawfully conspiring with two wo-
men, whose names are unknown, falsely and frau-
dulently to obtain possession of a house, 100, Den-
bigh-street, which he took of Mr. Morris, of
Charlwood-street.
Mr. J. D. Weekes, of Wharton-street, Lloyd-
square, solicitor, conducted the prosecution.
It appeared that the prisoner had assumed a
variety of names. As Alfred Lowe he was a com-
mercial traveller ; as Alfred Smith, plumber, pain-
ter, and builder ; and as Crockett and King, artist
and decorative painter.
Mr. Weekes said that there were many other
cases against the prisoner, which he should, pro-
bably, be able to proceed with on a future occasion.
Mr. Paynter asked the prisoner two or three
questions, in reply to which he said his name was
Alfred Smith Lowe ; that he lived at 100, Denbigh-
street ; that he was a house agent (an announce-
ment which created much laughter among the
auditory) ; and that he had formerly been in busi-
ness in that line at 122, Regent-street, Oxford-
street. He admitted that he was both Lowe and
Smith, as described in two cases proved against
him.
Mr. Paynter said he should require two sureties
in £5O and prisoner's own recognisance in £lOO for
his future appearance, which he was unprovided
with.
Remanded for a week.

WORSHIP-STREET.—Mr. Hammill acknow-
ledges his receipt of the following donations :—For
a poor woman named Pearce, who was obliged to
prosecute her own boy a few weeks since for re-
peatedly robbing her, 10s. from " M. A. 8.," and
205., to be laid out in clothing at a linendraper's
whose name is specified, from " A Widow," who
wishes, as a co-signature, that the 25th chapter of
Matthew, verses 34 to 40, should be given as a text;
for Jane Chase, the wife of a tailor, who attempted
suicide by drowning, ss. in stamps ; and for a httle
girl eight years old, the daughter of a drunken
Irishwoman named Dunleary, severely beaten and
kicked by her unnatural mother because she re-
sisted her robbing her of shoes which the work-
house had given her, and for which the mother was
sentenced to several months' imprisonment, £1 from
" W. H."

CLERKENWELL.—Katharine Fay, a dirty-
looking prostitute, was charged with being con-
cerned with another not in custody in stealing
a gold watch and chain, of the value of £4O, and
about £lO in money, from the person of Mr. Bishop,
a wine merchant, residing at Melton Mowbray.
The prosecutor, an elderly man, picked up with
the prisoner and some other low prostitutes, and
went drinking with them at some publichouses. He
then accompanied them to a notorious brothel, and
when he awoke in the morning. he found all his
property gone. He then gave information to the
police, and the prisoner was apprehended by Ser-
geant Hill, 39 S.
Mr. Tyrwhitt sentenced the prisoner to 6 months'
hard labour in the House of Correction.

THAMES.—Mr. Gill, clerk to Mr. Stone. solici-
tor to the East London Association, which has been
established to suppress as far as possible the awful
amount of vice, drunkenness, and general immorality
in this district, came before Mr. Yardley to lodge a
complaint against a foreigner, named Christian
Engisch, a beershop keeper in Ratcliffe-highway,
and owner of two houses of ill fame. Mr. Gill was
accompanied by Mr. Howell, vestry-clerk of St,
George's-in-the-East, the overseer of that parish,
and several other gentlemen interested in the en-
forcement of decency in the public streets and the
suppression of infamous houses.
Mr. Gill said the East London Association had
taken the initiative in this case, as it had done in
some others lately disposed of at the Middlesex
Sessions. The association intend to proceed against
Christian Engisch, a foreigner, under the 2d section
of the Act of the 25th of Geo. 11., c. 36, and the
58th of Geo. 111., c. 79, for having public music and
dancing in his house without a licence, in St.
George's-street, better known as Ratcliffe-highway,
and for keeping two ,:ommon brothels in another
part of the parish. Notices had been served on the
overseers by two inhabitants, Mr. Richardson and
Mr. Ireinrichson, and it was for the magistrate to
say whether the constables of the parish or the
overseers were to Rrosecute...

Mr. Howell, on the part of the overseers, acknow-
ledged that the notices had been served on them,
and they now attended for the purpose of entering
into recognisances for the purpose of prosecuting at
the Sessions.

The overseers having entered into their recog
nisances, _ _

Mr. Yardley asked what was the next step pro-
posed to be adopted ?
Mr. Howell—l now apply for a warrant to
apprehend the defendant.
Mr. Yardley—What is the defendant and what
amount of bail will be required ?

Mr.. Howell said Engisch kept a beershop, and
paid a rental of about £4O per annum.
Mr. Gill—Engisch's beerhouse is a perfect pande-
monium, and is frequented by the lowest characters.
Mr. Howell—Yes, his customers are treated with
music and dancinc, in his beerhouse, and then re-
tire to his other houses,b where themost abominable
scenes take place nightly.
Mr. Yardley granted a warrant for the apprehen-
sion of Engisch, and said he would determine the
amount of bail when he was brought before him.

SOUTHWARK.—George Proud, a middle-aged
man, described on the charge sheet as a burrier, was
brought before Mr. Seeker charged with intermar-
rying with Ellen Murphy, his former wife being
then and now living. He was also charged with
having since married Elizabeth Ann Paekhurst.
Ellen Murphy,the second wife, was in attendance.
The witness, a very respectable looking young
woman, said she was married to the prisoner at the
parish church, St. Mary, Newington, Feb. 12, 1852.
She then believed him to be a single man. He soon
began to ill-use her, and left her five years ago.
Since then she discovered that he was previously
married, and that he had married another woman
subsequently to leaving her.
Mr. Seeker asked her if she had any evidence as
to his marriage before he married her, or whether
the first wife was living ?
Witness replied that she received a letter from
the first wife some time ago, and having communi-
cated with her she received a certificate of marriage
between the prisoner and that person at Newcastle-
on-Tyne, on Christmas-day, 1844. She produced
that for his worship's inspection, as well as a certi-
ficate of her own marriage at Newington Church,
on Feb. 12, 1852. _

_Mr.
Seeker told her he could not take her evi-
dence, as at present the law pre§amed her to be the
first wife, and therefore she could not give testimony
against her husband.
She replied that she was sure the first wife was

living, as she had recently seen letters from her.
She had also received communications from the third
wife, with her certificate, showing that on the 17th
of July, 1854, the prisoner married Elizabeth Ann
Pacihurst at Frindsbury, in Rent.
Mr. Seeker inquired who took the prisoner into
custody ?
City police-constable 118 said the complainant
charged prisoner on the previous evening with
bigamy, and at the same time handed him the
three marriage certificates produced. She told him
she could produce evidence as to all three marriages.
Mr. Seeker asked him whether he had made any
inquiries about the marriages ?
He replied that he had not time to do so, as he
only
.took the prisoner into custody on the previous
evening, but if he was remanded he should be able
to produce all the necessary evidence.
Mr. Seeker asked the prisoner if he had anything
to say why he should not be remanded ?
The prisoner said, that all he had to remark was
that there was no marriage on Christmas-day,
1844.

Mr. Seeker remanded him for a week, and di-
rected the police-constable to compare the certifi-
cates with the parish registers and obtain all fur-
ther evidence he might require.
Robert Garman, a conductor of one of Kite's
omnibuses, was summoned for committing an as-
sault on Edward George Sells, a conductor in the
employ of the General Omnibus Company.
It appeared that both omnibusses ran between
the Alfred's Head, Newington-causeway, and
Kingsland, and while passing along the Borough
the defendant jumped on the complainaut's omni-
bus and struck him.

The defendant pleaded guilty and promised not
to offend again.
Mr. Beard said that as such was the case he
should not press for any punishment, but, at the
same time, the servants of the General Omnibus
Company must be protected from the violence of
those belonging to Kite's Association. He was in-
structed to say that the complainant would be satis-
fied by defendant entering into recognisances to
keep the peace for the future.
Mr. Seeker accordingly ordered the defendant
to enter into his recognisances to keep the peace
for three months.

INFLUENCE OF MARRIAGE ON THE
MORTALITY OF. THE FRENCH.

The following paper was read at the meeting of
the Social ScieNce, by Dr. W. Farr, F.R.S. :
The changes which age induces in life have been
calculated. The differences in the mortality of the
two sexes are known. Men have investigated the
effects of air, water, hills, plains, and marshes—of
the sun in various seasons and climates--of food,
animal and vegetable—and of alcoholic drinks. The
fatality of foul exhalations of every kind has been
made manifest.

But the life of man is affected by still more subtle
agencies. The action of the various parts of the
body in industrial occupations produces specific
effects. Every science modifies its cultivators. The
play of the passions transfigures the human frame.
How do they influence its existence ?
There are some of the higher fields of speculation
which have not yet been explored by sanitary re-
search. I have now, however, to submit to the sec-
tion the results of an inquiry into intermediate
phenomena.
A remarkable series of observations, extending
over the whole of France, enables us to determine
for the first time the effect of the conjugal condition
on the life of a large population.
The French.people may be classed in three great
groups, exclusive of minors under age :
I. The Married, consisting of two groups : (a)
Husbands, 6,986,223 ; and (b) Wives, 6,948,823,
making a total of 13,935,046.
11. The Celibate, who have never married, viz.,
(a) Bachelors, 4,014,105 ; and (b) Spinsters,
4,549,944 ; making a total of 8,564,049.
111. The Widowed, in two groups : (a) Widowers,
836,509 ; and (b) Widows, 1,687,583 ; making a
total of 2,524,092.

Deparcieux, in the middle of the last century,
investigated the relative mortality of monks and
nuns in France ; and he compared their life with
that of Tontine annuitants, consisting partly of
married and partly of unmarried persons. From
the age of 20 to 40 the mortality of the monks and
nuns living in " single blessednese" was lower, and
after the age of 40 it was higher than the mortality
of the annuitants. The excess of mortality was
considerable in the monks. The condition of these
members of religious houses is at all times peculiar,
and besides their vows of chastity involved a pecu-
liar discipline likely to affect their lives. Many o*
them lived in Paris. We can now deal with the
whole population of France—amounting to 1851 to
thirty-six millions of people, some dwelling against
our southern coast, in Flanders, Picardy, and Nor-
mandy some in Brittany,, around the rugged
shores of the Atlantic—some in Orleans, Tours, and
Nantes, beside the " murmuring Loire ;" some on
the Garonne, wandering from Toulouse to Bor-
deaux, through that old Guienne, famous in our
history some climbing up the Pyrenees, or
seated in Languedoc or Marseilles, on the Mediter-
ranean Sea; some on the rapid Rhone, in Provence,
the seat of the old courts of love ; some in Lyons
and Avignon ; some extending from the Alps and
the mountains of. Auvergne and the Vosges, over
Dauphiny, Lorraine, and Champagne ; and some
living in Paris, Rouen, Havre, and the region around
the Seine. The country, covered by its millions of
small proprietors living on the parcels into which
the soil was divided by the great revolution—by
cultivators of the vine and the olive in the south, of
the apple and the cereal crops in the north—by
pastoral families on the lands and on the mountains
—by artisans and manufacturers in a few large
cities—contained in the year 1851 nearly 14,000,000
married people of both sexes. What was their rate
of mortality? Under the French law young men of
the age of 18 and young women of the age of 15
can legally marry. Of the few young married pairs
living, the mortality in both husbands and wives
was excessively high under the age of 20. Twice
as many wives under 20 died in the year as died
out of the same numbers of the unmarried ; and the
mortality was much higher than it was among hus-
bands and wives in the subsequent decennial of life.
The result confirms the common opinion of the evil
consequences of marriage in many cases under the
age of 20, before the growth of the individual man
or woman is completed.

The wives of the next 20 years of aFe experience
a rate of mortality half as high again as the hus-
bands of those ages suffer.
The mortality of the husbands is exceedingly low,
6.5 and 7.1, while wives of 20-30 die at the rate of
9.3 in 1,000, in rather higher proportions than the
wives of the subsequent ages 30-40, when the mor-
tality is 9.1. This excess is fairly ascribable to the
sorrows of childbearing, and to no small extent to
ignorant midwives.
At the age 40-50, the mortality of the husbands
(10.3) is slightly higher than the mortality of
wives • and so, it remains higher ever afterwards,
but the difference is not considerable.

60

80-90

Husbands.
18.3
35.4
88.6
183.6

Wives.
16.3
35.4
84.9
180.4

(Ths of 1,000 husbands living at the age 60-70,
there are 35.4 deaths ; to 1,000 wives, 35.4 deaths.)
And so the old people go on in the table tottering
down the hill very gently, till they " sleep together
at the foot."

How fares it with the unmarried—the celibate P

At the younger ages under 20, the mortality is,
as I have already stated, much lower in the two
sexes than it is in the married.
Age. _

15-20

Males,
6.0

Females.
7.1 in 1,000 die.

At all the ages from 20 to 60 unmarried men ex-
perience a much higher rate of mortality than un-
married women. The excess of the mortality of
males at the age of 20-30 was in the ration of 11.3
to 8.7. It was aggravated by the deaths of the sol-
diers dying in Algeria, and in the Cascenes in home
—but in the subsequent periods this element does
not interfere to any extent.
Annual Deaths to 1,000 living.
Ages of the
Unmarried. Males
30-40 • . • . 12.4
40-50 17.7
50-60 29.5
At the age of 60 and upwards the unmarried o:
both sexes are nearly equally mortal.
But how is it as between the married and the
unmarried women ?

Females.
... 10.3
. • • 13.8
... 23.5

Why at 20-25 the maidens have the advantage
and the difference is not inconsiderable.

Of 1,000 females Married
Annual deaths 9.8

Unms.nied
8.5

At the age of 25-30 the mortality of the unmar-
ried is slightly in excess (9.2 to 9.0). At the next
age (30-40) the wives are the halest ; the mortality
of the wives being 9.1, and of the unmarried women
10.3. After the age of 40 the married women ex-
perience a much lower rate of mortality than the
unmarried.

Married. Unmarried.
40
50
60
and so it runs through all ages.
The contrast between the health of the bachelors
and of the married men is still more striking ; the
young bachelors enjoying an advantage, the old
ones suffering in the comparison.
Mortality per 1,000 among married men and
bachelors :

Married
15-20
20
30
40
50
• 60
And after the ages of 80 the mortality of the :two
classes becomes nearly equal.

Unmarried.
6.7
11.3
12.4
17.7
29.5
49.9