The Sun.
London, England, 1867-07-03 00:00:00

Sheffield Trades' Union Commission.

the—. blowing up. I applied to Cutler for £2 more,
and he said he had paid themoney to Baylis. I went
to Baylis, who had not got the money, and threat-
ened to serve Cutler as I had served Wastnidge if he
did not pay me. Baylis brought me the £2 before I
was out of bed next morning. Cutler was the man
who tempted me to "do" Wastnidge, and who drew
the money to pay me. He employed Baylis to pay
me. They wanted Wastnidge blown up because he
was wrong with the trade. I did not know the man
at all ; I had never seen him, and had to get Cutler
to show me his house. I know Broadhead, but he had
never anything to do with me. I never spoke to
Bagshaw in my life. Nobodyspoke to me but Cutler
and Baylis about the matter. I do not know Thomp-
son, the man who was tried for the murder. Witness
was severely cross-examined, but he persisted in say-
ing that he alone was engaged in the matter. No
one was with him. Ile repeatedly said Mrs. Wast-
nidge " lied" in saying she saw more than one man
running away. •Mrs. Wastnidge at the trial said one
man caught his jacket against the cotter of a win-
dow shutter in running. That was the " biggest lie"
ever told inSheflield. Mrs.Wastnidge told "nought
but lies"- at the trial of Thompson. At this stage
Thompson was called in, and witness said he knew
him by sight, but not by name. He had met him at
public-houses, but Thompson never spoke to him
about doing any injury toWastnidge or any one else
in connection with this matter. Witness said he had
quarrelled with Cutler because he had not paid all
the money he owed him. He had frequently de-
manded money of Cutler, but never in the presence
of other persons to his knowledge.
Mr. Overend—Have you ever mentioned the sub-
ject to other persons ?—Never before to-day.
Mr. Overend—Why have you come to tell us to-
day ?—Well, I will tell you. I came down yesterday
and saw Cutler and his witnesses waiting to give evi-
dence, but you were not sitting. I thought he was
going to do me, so I made up my mind to come and
tell too. I remember seeing Cutler a short time
ago, and he besought me to keep my tongue still or
we should all be ruined.
Cross-examined—l have never said that either
Steel, Hellewell, or Platte had anything to do with
the outrage in Acorn-street. I am confident no one
was with me when I threw the can into the window.
I lighted the fuse in an entry near, threw the can
through the window, and walked away. I did not
take the can with me when I went to buy the
powder. I bought best diamond powder, but Ido
not remember what I gave for it. Ido not think I
have spoken to Thompson since he came out of pri-
son. I did not go to Powell's, in High-street, a
week before the explosion and ask if they sold fusees,
neither did I go to Wilson's, in Snig-hill, on a
similar errand. I have been engaged well sinking,
and have bought powder and fusees for blasting. I
know a man named Warburton, but I never told
him Hellewell, Steel, and Platte engaged me to blow
up Wastnidge. It was Cutler who engaged me,
and I would blow him up too —a scamp to engage
to give me £6 to blow up a man, and then only to
give me £5.
Mr. Overend pointed out to the witness the peril-
ous position in which he had placed himself is the
event of his not having told the truth.
Witness--I have told the truth, and I don't care
if I am tried for my life to-night. What good will
your certificate do me when every person, as I pass
along the streets, will point me out as the murderer
of an innocent woman ? I have told the truth. If
I had had an accomplice, and he had been " game"
I would not have told of him.
Mr. Overend—That is what I am afraid of. I
and my colleagues have the fear you are not speak-
ing the truth. We have the impression you had an
accomplice whose name you will not divulge.
Witness protested that he was speaking the truth,
and that no one was with him at the time he com-
mitted the outrage.
The Court was dissatisfied with the manner in
which the witness had given his evidence, and, at the
close of his examination, he was given into the
custody of the chief constable.
Samuel Cutler, fender grimier, was next. called,
anti was examined as follows :—I am a member of
the Union, and know a min named Baylis. Ile was
a member of the Union at the time Kenworthy was
the secretary. I remember Iloole's men being out
on strike, and we were angry with men coining from
Masborough to work for him. Baylis told me that
he and another man beat Sibray. Previously Baylis
asked me to tell hint where Sibray lived, but as 1
did not know I took him to Thompson, who showed
us Sibray's house. Thompson said Sibray and
Hook were just the men he wanted doing. I did
not make answer that I knew a man who for £5
would do them all. Thompson said he had been
watching Hook, but he had a policeman to protect
him. He said, however, that he was to be got at. I
knew other men were attacked because they were
" knobsticks," but I did not care to know who did
it. I did nothing to Wastnidge beyond getting tte
£6 for doing him. Baylis gave him the £6, and he
said it was for " welting them fellows." I saw
Robinson, who was acting as secretary of the union,
give Baylis the money, and Baylis gave it to me. I
went to a meeting at the King William, and there
saw Baylis. He said to me, " Yon red man (Wast-
nidge has red hair) will break up the Union, I
should like to do him one." I said I would have
nothing to do with it, but I took him to Joe
Green's. We there saw Renshaw, and an old man
whom I did not know. We commenced talking
about Wastnidge, and Renshaw said thrashing had
no effect upon him ; he had better have a bit of
powder. We agreed to give him £5 or £6 to give
Wastnidge a good thrashing—something was said
about blowing Wastnidge up. Renshaw was to
have £lO if he did it well, £5 if it was a failure. I
agreed to meet Baylis again, and a day or two after
the explosion I saw him. He spoke, saying, " Imp-
pose thou hast heard of it." I said, " Why have
you used powder ?" and he replied that Wastnidge
could not be got at without. I said they had done
very wrong. Baylis spoke as though he was with
Renshaw when the outrage was committed.
Mr. Overend—Repeat carefully what he said. •
Witness—He said " We ran down into the Wicker,
and never met a policeman all the way, and it was
a good thing we did not." He said he had pistols
with him, and would have shot the first man he met.
I paid Baylis £6, and he wanted .17. I refused to
give him £7, as I had only agreed that Wastnidge
should be thumped. He said he would make it all

TWENTY-FIRST DAY (TUESDAY).
The Commission resumed their sittings to-day.
Mr. Overend, the chief examiner, who met with an
accident a few days ago, came into the court sup-
ported by crutches, and during the day he reclined
on a couch.
Mr. John George Robson, manager for Mr. H.
E. boole, stove, grate, and fender manufacturer,
was the first witness. He said in 1861 there was a
dispute with the fender-grinders in Mr. Hoole's
employ, in consequence of a non-union man having
been engaged. The reason of his being engaged
was because the union men had been out drinking
and neglecting their work. Mr. Hoole asked the
foreman if he could not find some steadier men, and
he got a non-society man named Taylor. The first
day he worked at the wheel the whole of the grinders
turned out. On the day afterwards Mr. Hook re-
ceived threatening letters. The foreman was re-
quested by Mr.llloole to get men in place of those
who had turned out, and five or six were engaged
from Masborough, all of whom were non-society
men. When the unionists found that their places
were being filled, they desired to come back upon
certain conditions being complied with, but Mr.
Hoole refused to allow them to be set on. Broad-
head and Charles Bagshaw called a day or two after
the non-society men had commenced work, and had
an interview with them. They offered them £5
each if they would leave their work, and on that
being refused an offer of £7 10s. was made. The
men, however, refused to leave unless they were
paid £2O each. Another offer, this time of £lO
each, was made and refused. That was in the
month.of June. Some few weeks afterwards the
men were intimidated, and three of them, including
the foreman, Mr. Sibray, Were attacked as they
were going home one night, and one of them was
left for dead. The foreman was suddenly sur-
rounded by some six or eight men, and was struck
in the face with some hard substancelike stones
tied in a handkerchief ; several of his teeth were
knocked out. After that the men had to be guarded
by the police in going home.
John Sibray, stove grate manufacturer, said in
1861 he was manager to Mr. bole. He proved
that in June of that year Mr. Hoole desired him to
get a man in the place of one who was very un-
steady. He got a man named Charles Taylor from
Masborough, who was a non- society man. As soon
as he commenced working all the grinders left work,
and some other non-society men were engaged.
Some little time afterwards several threatening
letters were received, and a deputation, consisting
of Broadhead, Bagshaw, and some of the grinders,
waited upon Mr. 'bole with respect to the society
men being again employed. On the sth of Nor., as
he was leaving the union wheel, he was assaulted
by two men, one of whom struck him with some
hard substance on the mouth. The reason of his
being assaulted, he believed, was because he had
engaged non-society men. There had been no dis-
pute respecting rules, and he had no private quarrel.
Before he was assaulted he had given notice to Mr.
Hoole, because of the threatening letters ; he was
afraid of what would be done to him.
George Wastnidge, a fender-grinder, of Mas-
borough, said—ln June, 1861, I was engaged by
Mr. Sibray to work for Mr. Hoole. Some short time
after I had been there Bagshaw and Broadhead
waited upon me and offered me money to leave my
situation. I refused to do that, and said I was will-
ing to join the union if they would allow me to work
in peace and quietness. Efforts were made to in-
duce me to leave Mr. Iloole's employ, among others
by Broadhead, secretary of the Sawgrinders' Union,
and Mr. C. Bagshaw, now president of the amal-
gamated trades of Sheffield. Broadhead and Bag-
shaw came to me two or three times and offered me
money to quit Mr. Hoole. They said Mr. Hoole
was agreeable to this. I saw Mr. Hoole, and he
said he knew nothing about it. I continued work-
ing. I went. to Broadhead's house on the invitation
of Broadhead and Bagshaw. I saw Broadhead
there. Roddis, Cooper, and Redback went with me.
We had plenty of beer free of charge, and then came
away. Nothing was said to us. I had not much
fear of being molested, but policemen had, to
be employed to protect the men on their way to and
from work. I and Cooper were att teked in the
streets one night. On the 23d of November I, my
wife and child, slept in the attic, and Mrs. O'Rourke,
a lodger, in the chamber. About midnight my wife
heard conversation in the street, and then a crash at
the chamber. She exclaimed, " Oh, dear ! what's
that?" And jumping out of bed, looked through
the attic window. My wife then went into the bed-
room, and found Mrs. O'Rourke,' with something in
her hands, which turned out to be a can of gun-
powder, with a fuse attached. My wife took the can
from Mrs. O'Rourke, and it exploded in her hands,
setting her dress on fire. My wife ran back to the
attic in flames. I pulled her burning night-dress
off and then attended to the child, fearing it would
get on fire. While I was doing this my wife, naked
as she was, jumped out of the attic window in her I
fright. A ladder was afterwards put up for me, but
it was too short, and after letting down the child I
also jumped out of the window, breaking my fall by
catching the ladder. I was slightly burnt myself. I
afterwards went into the house and found Mrs.
O'Rourke in the cellar. Her clothes were burnt off,
and she was taken to the infirmary, where she died.
My wife, whom I found in a neighbour's house, was
removed in an insensible state to the infirmary,
where she remained in a precarious state for some
time, but ultimately recovered. I was at the infir-
mary a fortnight, after which I resumed work for
Mr. Hoole. I remained in his employ until April,
when I was sent to prison for an assault. I bor-
rowed money from Mr. bole to maintain myself
while I was unable to work. I paid this back by
ss. a week, and when I had done so I left Mr.
Hoole's employ, not because I was frightened, but
because I was dissatisfied with Mr. Hoole's treat-
ment. 1 thought I ought to have bad some recom-
pense for having sustained so much injury on his
account. In addition to personal injuries, my house
was set on fire by the explosion and my furniture
destroyed. So far from making me any recompense,
Mr. Hoole, after putting a sovereign in my hand
on the morning of the explosion, sent for it back in
the afternoon.
Harriet Wastnidge, wife of the previous witness,
was called to confirm his statement. She said—l did
not hear any conversation in the street. I was awoke
by
the crash of Mrs. O'Rourke's bedroom window.
On looking through the attic window 1 saw two men
running away. On immediately afterwards going
into Mrs. O'Rourke's room I saw her standing in a
corner with the can of powder in her hand. The
fuse was throwing out sparks. I told her to throw
the can out of thewindow, and•
she said, " Here,
take it." I snatched it to throw it out of the win.
dow and it exploded in my hands. I have no know-
ledge whatever of what followed until I found my-
self at the infirmary. I was blind a fortnight ; I
have the marks of the powder still in one eye, which
is permanently impaired. I am still also lame of one
• knee. I was marked all over with the explosion
and have still fearful marks upon me. A fortnight
before the explosion a neighbour woman called me
into her house and asked if we kept our cellar grate
fastened. I said "No; what for ?" She said, "If
you do not keep it fastened a man in the next street
will Wow you up." I told Wastnidge and he fas-
tened the grate.
Robert Renshaw, after being duly cautioned, said
--I will tell you the whole truth. latr. a file grinder,
and am sorry to say I know a fender grinder named
Cutler. lof ten saw him before Wastnidge was blown
up. I met him and Baylis at Grecu's publichouse.
Cutler offered me 10s. to " knock Wastnidge on the
head." I refused, saying it would be much better to
do him at home. Cutler gave me 10s. to buy 31b. of
Powder with. Instead of buying 31b., as he wished,
I got onlyllb. I put it into a can and attached a fuse.
I then went to
the theatre, and on returning threw
it through the win'
into Ebenezer dow of IPastnidge's house. I went
Chapel-yard, and lay down until a
crowd collected aboutliceman I the house. Three or four po-
liceman to th ace, but policemen are always too
late. I then wenttoeP
to bring out Mrs. Ose,Rehow it had gone on, and helped
the state she was in. lourke. I was grieved to see
job, and £3 additional
i was to have had £6 for the
f I did it well
the money. Ba • I never got
xi's paid me £3 a day or two after

right.

You believe Thompson had nothing to do with the

blowing up ?—I am sure he bad not.

You allowed him to be tried for the offence ?
Yes.

If he bad been found guilty and sentenced to be
hanged—you came very near it—would you have
allowed the sentence to be carried out without de-
claring his innocence2—l could not have helped
myself. I had passed my word to Baylis and Ren-
shaw that I would not tell. If Thompson had been
sentenced to death, I should not' have felt very
comfortable. I might have altered my mind even-
t tually.

Further examined witness said—l never told the
committee who committed the outrage, or that
Thompson was innocent. Thompson was expelled
from the union because he made a false statement
after his trial to the Chief Constable of the borough.
I do not think he was expelled because of the scan-
dal created by the Acorn-street outrage. I did not
attend our meetings for some weeks after the out-
rage, as I felt I knew too much, and I did not like
to face the members. I do not remember Platte
pointing out a man named " Slipper Jack" as a
likely person to do a blowing up, or Thompson
making answer, " He is just the man I would chose
to do it." I was never present at a meeting of our.
Union when it was agreed that something should be
done to Sibray. Mr. Bagshaw had nothing to do
with our society, and I am not aware that be had
anything to do with paying for the defence of
Thompson. I believe Hellewell advanced the money
for the defence, and he was afterwards repaid.
At the suggestion of Mr. Bagshaw, the witness
was asked if he had any authority from the Union
or any of its officers to agree with Baylis and Ren-
shaw for something to be done to Wastnidge.
Witness replied, no; but when further pressed ho
admitted that the £6. he received from Baylis came
from Robinson, who was acting as secretary to the
union.

Joseph Thompson, the man who was tried for the
murder of Bridget O'Rourke, and acquitted, was
called. He answered emphatically that he did not
throw the can of poWder into the window, that he
did not know who did it till to-day, and that he bad
never been asked to injure or beat Wastnidge. lie
was one of the men who turned out at lloole's, but
he was never set to watch Wastuidge. He was set
by Cutler to watch Sibray, to learn where he lived,
because " there was a party going to drop on him."
I There was no intention to blow Sibray up. He gave
the information to Cutler. While he was in prison
his wife was kept by " the trade," except a few
pounds collected in public-houses.
After examining one more witness thetommission
adjourned.

flocks ; while from France, Italy, Spain, Mexico, low forehead, straight, lank hair ; small, black eyes
even Austria, and, most of all, Portugal, they He is said to be exact, regular, and abstemious in
come round him full of laments over the perse- his habits, not afraid of work ; his only recrea-
cution they have to endure from their various Go- tions are reading, riding, and playing at chess,
vernments, not to speak of Poland, the deepest in at which, however, he is not very strong."
mourning of all Catholic countries. A worthy citizen of Geneva, M. Revilliod, has
In non-Catholic countries the possessions of the just made a donation of 100,000 f. to the town
clergy are not interfered with, though perhaps towards the formation of a public museum and
they are nowhere large enough to excite cupidity, library.
but they can found religious institutions without A letter from Turin, dated June 24, says :
let or hindrance ; while in Catholic countries The Ecclesiastical Property Commission con-
rulers sanction the most iniquitous laws—authorise tinues very assiduously at its labours, sitting three
the spoliation of the clergy, and under the pretext times a day. All its deliberations, however, are
of furthering what they call the liberty of public wrapped in the profoundest mystery, which is a new
worship, treat the true worship of God with in- subject of discontent for the Florence journals,
difference and contempt. Further than this, they who find it impossible to obtain any 'certain iufor-
are wanting to their own mission : while retaining oration as to what is going on ; it is whispered,
the titles conferred on them in olden time by the however, that its disposition is to go even beyond
Church; they openly encourage freemasonry, be- any former scheme of spoliation. The President
long to it themselves, nominate the dignitaries of and Secretary of the Commission had a long con-
the sect, and even, as in France, require that ma- ference with Signor Ferrara last week. Parliament
sonic insignia should figure in the ceremonies of has :only . got through the votes on . the budget of
Catholic worship. four departments as yet, and it would seem im-
Hence it is a vital necessity for the Church to possible to get the whole voted in time for the
remedy all these disorders ; and it is precisely in a pressing needs of the State. It is said Government
general council that the Church would be enabled is accordingly•preparing a bill for obtaining a vote
to trace the future line of operations. Many
months, to intervene, of ad interim supplies.
events will have occurred before the eighteen
Other subjects of debate of general interest have
will have run out. The been the revelation of mal-administration and
present attitude of European diplomacy suggests egregious abuses in the department of naval ad-
every probability that we shall have had a deep ministration by the Deputy de Cesare. A vote for
taste of war in the interval, leaving to the Church the support of colonies on two somewhat sterile,
her old mission of advocating maxims of peace, but, nevertheless, not unimportant, though almost
justice, and truth. unknown, islands in the Mediterranean, half-way
You see that Pius IX. possesses the quality between Sicily and Africa, by name Linosa and
which has, ere now, been ascribed to him, of Lampedusa, which the late dynasty was at pains
knowing the tide of human affairs ; all he does
.is to secure to the Kingdom of Naples ; the abolition
dohe in its own time. What was said of the deft- of the privilege of franking letters to deputies;
nition of the Immaculate Conception may be said and a very hot and violent discussion on the
also of this council—they are each appropriate to disturbancei at Trani, which the Left made an
their time. opportunity for angry recriminations on the clergy.
Another letter from Rome, dated June 22, says : The Florence Ministerial journal, Il Corriere
The Spanish steamer, St. Quentin, brought the Italiano, has the impudence to assert it is informed
Cardinal Archbishop of Seville and twenty-two that the most influential members of the clergy are
bishops of Spain to Civita Vecchia last Saturday, resolved, under advice from Rome, to withdraw
making the whole number of Spanish bishops all opposition to the Government schemes for the
conversion of ecclesiastical property. The Corriere
here thirty-five. The newly-arrived were received
at the landing-place by Mgr. Scapetta, Apostolic musthave little respect for the judgment of its
r
delegate of the province, who would have provided readers when it presents them with such nonsense.
carriages to take them into the town, but, saying The plague of locusts in Sardinia, to which I
they had come as pilgrims, they one and all re-
adverted before, seems to have done fearful devas-
fused, and walked together to the cathedral, where tation in the island. A letter of the 14th describes
they heard Mass said by one of their number ; it as in no way abated. The general distress is so
after which Mgr. Scapetta entertained them at great from this and other causes that emigration is
breakfast. Later in the day they were brought going on to a great extent. Another difficulty is
on to Rome by a special train. puzzling the authorities at Naples ; what with
The Archbishop of Mexico brings about 300,000 political arrests, vagabondage, and brigandage,
francs to the Peter's Pence tribute. The whole results of an unsettled Government,• and the
of the offerings amount, it is said, to about stagnation of trade, all the prisons are full to
10,000,000 fr. overflowing. They have 600 detenuti on their hands,
and no place to lock them up in securely. In a
An American photographer has applied for per-
mission, which has, I believe, been given, to pub- large number of cases, however, there is no need
fish an album of portraits of all prelates present of very secure keeping. The distress is so great
at the Centenary feste, with that of the Holy that they have no place to go to, and are thankful
7 for the shelter even of a lock-up. The Bolletino,
Father for the frontispiece. Alessandri, however
a masonic organ, was sequestrated in Naples last
had previously entertained the same idea, and it
will not be easy to beat him in photographic week. At Florence the representation of a piece
portraits. entitled " Fri, Paolo Sarpi" has been prohibited.
A very unusual occurrence took place here last Ido not know what exact ground of offence it con-
week. A person named Francesa Prosperi was tamed, but it was pronounced poco opportuna nelle
seen walking quietly along the bridge of Sant' a ttuali circostanze.
Angelo about three o'clock in the day, when she Count Rosario Messina has just sent 1,710 fr. as
the contribution of the Maltese to the collection
suddenly made a spring on to the parapet, and
flung herself into the water mid-stream. The act making here for presentation to the Pope on St.
was Peter's festival. A touching offering, too, has been
, received from the mission of Tripoli, which is en-
whatever
canimpossiblebe
assigned t o f
oarrest
the
fit of temporary , tirely under the direction of Italian priests. It only
No
1:1 was
C ground
so
is s sudden
dde n
that
therefore, ascribed to a
insanity. amounts to 114 fr., but it is one of the very poorest
The Municipality and resident nobility of missions, and was in part made up by the " mites "
Rome seem to be vieing with the Church in giv- brought by children in the schools. A former
ing splendour and interest to the approaching feste. general of the army, who left it from conscientious
The Girandola of the Piazza del Popolo is to be motives, has contributed some curious coins. One,
a gold piece called a marengo, struck in the year
nine of the French Republic, now rather rare,
an
the poor of the city, in various forms. The Senator bearing the legend " L'ltalie dClivree a Marengo,"
givenAbu Abundant
on t
almsil evenave been voted
scalefor distribution than ttsua
to l.
gives a grand reception at the Capitol in honour and a still rarer gold piece, which Napoleon I.
of the foreign bishops, and also holds an Acca- had struck in honour of his son, with the inscrip-
dentia rocule ell ittstrstineutale. The Forum is to tion, " Napoleon F.F.C. ltoi de Rome, XX. Mars,
be illuminated with Bengal lights, while concerted AII)CCCXI."
pieces are being performed, and a grand effect is to It is now expected that the Mont Cenis tunnel will
be produced by the illumination of the whole be completed in the course of 1869. Last year the
spacious terrace round St. Pietro in Montorio (the rate of progress was an average of five metres a day ;
church built over the spot of St. Peter's Martyr-
this year it is six. It was announced that the through
dom). This will be quite a novel addition to the line from Leghorn to Rome would be opened to
illuminations and an appropriate one to the occa the public on the 19th to
offrotihne
do the journey in nine
al ni
li
loas t
Baonryg
hpe artse , 'InIT liigehwt obrek
isnlahave
rba
te
ee
dn
ipnu
isihoednonfrorowfartit,
Csoenttheantaryit
sion, while, from its elevated position, it will and a half hours without any change of carriages.
and other localities, there will be popular games, of St. Peter. The Lyons Rail
way Company has
races, and other diversions, at which above 500 purchased the portion of the Victor Emmanuel
prizes will be distributed. Railway which traverses the annexed Province of
You will very likely have heard alarming news Savoy.
of cholera at Civita Vecchia again, but the only -
thing like it occurred in the case of some poor
fishermen, who, having been out all day in the
burning sun, with nothing to drink, incautiously
drank too freely of some impure water, which they
got on their landing at Fiumicino. On the way
back to Civita Vecchia, next day, one of them died,
and another was so ill with choleraic symptoms
that it was thought wiser to send him to the
Lazzaretto on landing. He is, however, likely to
recover under the care he has received there.
• With-every disposition to wish the greatest pos-
sible number of pilgrims to enjoy Rome, it is im-
possible not to feel a little incommoded now and
then by the overwhelming numbers who now
encumber every public place, and I might
almost say every street. The entrance to every
hotel is so crowded with arrivals that it is often
hard work to force one's way through to make a
call. Even one's letters are delayed, because the
trains are so overloaded with passengers that they
are every day behind time. There seems, from all
I hear, two principles at work in the management
of the Italian railways—one, prompted by a desire
to make the most of the influx of travellers, ad-
vertizes cheap tickets to draw people to their line
of route ; and the other, by the obstructivity of
revolutionary tendencies, which causes continual
annoyances to the travellers they have secured—
annoyances the more provoking for their very
pettiness. One of the most serious was a trick
served on a party of French ecclesiastics, all of
whose tickets, being " returns," were wrongly
divided at one of the Piedmontese stations, and
the consequent delay just.sufficed to make them
miss reaching Rome in time for Corpus Christi. I
must confess the various centres of attraction on
the day were crowded enough without them, and
set one speculating as to what is to be done with
any more who may arrive before the 29th: It
was a lovely morning. The Holy Father carried
the Blessed Sacrament and gave Benediction as
usual in St. Peter's. The procession started before
.half-past eight, and it was nearly eleven before it
had fully completed the tour of the Piazza. I
have spent many crowded Easters in Rome, but
never saw St. Peter's so densely packed. Three
hundred and forty bishops- were counted in the
procession, but Ido not know that computation
is absolutely accurate. Some of the Orientals
were dressed in vestments of most peculiar form.
Some wore low, crown-shaped mitres, decorated
with miniatures in medallions of the four Evan-
gelists, others with the twelve Apostles.
On the 21st (the Pope's Coronation day), there
was a review before General Kanzler, in the
grounds of the Villa Borghese. The French por-
tion of the spectators were very demonstrative,
and, besides the usual cries, shouted "Vive la
Gloire !" " Vive la France !" and, ultimately, "Vive
Mgr. Dupanloup 1" "All the world" seemed there,
yet the vast church of St. Ignazio was as full as
it could well hold to celebrate the day of San
Luigi di Gouzaga.
The illumination of the Colisseum with Bengal
lights, in the even' I hear, attracted the usual
mg,
concourse.
The Figaro gives the following description of
Juarez :—" He is a jovial sort of fellow, ready
enough to laugh and talk with his friends, and na-
turally of a humane disposition. Of the acts of
cruelty attributed to him not a tenth are true,
and these have generally been 'dictated by the exi-
gencies of a difficult situation, and never without
the sanction of the law. In person he is of
middle height, and, to say the least, not a
Ihandsome example of the mixed native and
European race ; high and prominent cheek-bones

THE RESTORATION OF THE RELIGIOUS
ORDERS IN SPAIN.

(From a Correspondent of the Westininster Gazette.)
What will the Independance Beige say of us
now ? Senor Claros has presented the petition
which, as a good Catholic and as a Narvarrese
deputy, he had been requested by the Bishop of
Pamplona to submit to Congress. Prim's rapscal-
lions in Brussels must have howled witli•rage when
they read that " not even a murmur " against the
proposal was to be heard even from the liberal-
union gentry ; and that the Government had
actually promised their co-operation in carrying
out the long-desired restoration. The Bishop's
petition was a very modest one—it merely asked
that novices might be admitted into the Franciscan
monastery at Olite, to wear the religious habit,
and be trained up for missionary work in Spain.
But Senoi Claros went a little further, for he
demanded the admission of all the religious orders
the prelates and the Government might consider
necessary.

Referring to the opposition raised in some
quarters against the monastic habit, the illustrious
orator said: " Admire, gentlemen, the eccentricities
of this self-styled age of reason and enlighten-
ment. The great question we are about to debate
may even be said to be reduced to one concerning
a dress, a habit, and nothing more ; for the reli-
gious orders are here already, living and working
in the midst of all, as the Government knows offi-
cially. But they are not permitted, forsooth, to
wear the habit !. . But I tell you of the
religious orders what that General of the Jesuits
said when a reform was demanded in the constitu-
tion of that most perfect of institutes : Aut sint
ut sunt ; aut non sint.' And if the religious
orders are not good, drive them from the country.
But if they are good . . . . let the cries of
your children, the entreaties of your wives, the
wail of lamentation from your colonies, and ithe
void in your system of education which all your
pedantic jargon cannot fill up, move you to re-
store them as they are and wish to be. . . . I
declare that when I see the development of im-
piety and revolution in Spain, it is not as a Catholic
that my heart suffers, but as a Spaniard. The
manifestation of revolution in France was hor-
rible but it was grand. The assault upon the
Church there had all the attributes of a gigantic
crime . . . but amongst us the crime has been
changed purely and simply into mere pilfering.
Everything is laid hold on ; the priest is stripped
and gagged ; and the nun who, being but a woman,
can give no cause for fear, is left contemptuously
to take charge of the rubbish that remains. The
former has Satan's greatness ; the latter is no
more nor less than pettifogging. . . . But
first let me remark that the venerable Bishop of
Pamplona says that these Franciscans ask no
help from Government, but are ready to main-
tain themselves. You are now preparing to con-
sider the financial estimates. Calculate the num-
ber of employe's that are too many, and the smallness
of the means left to maintain them on. Think of
the shrines now falling into ruins, and for which
you will have to find repairs ; think of the other
obligations otpublic worship . . . and say if
you should not bless that holy poverty which
sends you labourers asking nothing for themselves
or for their churches, save that you remember nei-
ther the one nor the other."
Adverting to the horror of poverty which is the
characteristic of the present day, Senor Claros went
on to say : " You have indeed reason to be afraid.
. . . What think you is at the root of this grave

question '? Nothing more nor less than the dread of all Christendom, the special glory of the Spa-
which exists of poverty, increased by a dread of nish people."
honest work. No one now is content to be poor, And Senor Nocedal was greeted with loud
. . . and as every one wishes to be rich at cheers, and not a whisper of dissent was heard in
any cost, we must needs have swarms of office that Chamber where for a generation past such
seekers, both regular and vagabond, intriguing in deeds of sacrilege and infidelity have been sane-
the press or conspiring in the clubs; to say no- tioned under the Liberal regime. Happier days
thing of military leaders who resort to pronuncia- are coming for Spain, and St. Isidore's prayer
mientos for promotion, or sergeants who, Judas that her faith might never falter is not forgotten.
like, sell their officers' blood, as on the 22nd of And Senor Prim, and his sergeants and scribblers,
June of last year." had better take a long lease of a house near the
After speaking of the benefits conferred on the offices of the Independance, at Brussels ; for
human race through the labours of the monks, in " Othello's occupation's gone."
every art and science known to man, to the
wondrous deeds of charity that brought about the
redemption of captives, the foundation of hospitals
for the sick, for the aged, and for orphans, the
orator next referred in the following terms to that
order which is the glory and the pride of every
countryman of Ignatius and Francis Xavier : " Its
primacy is seen in its very name, for it has a
name which is above every other name. There
is no doubt as to its origin, or that the master and
the disciples are one, for both are alike abhorred
by the spirit of evil. Thus, as it bears its august
name, it reproduces too the symbols, and reflects
the mysteries, connected with that name. It had
the superhuman obedience of Isaac, and the divine
foreknowledge of Joseph. Having been sold into
slavery by philosophers, it taught the very Pha-
raohs to drink of the cup -of wisdom ; it ascended
G-olgotha as one condemned, and there was loaded
with calumnies and opprobrium ; and one by one
it suffered every agony of Calvary."

LOSS OF THE SHIP ASSAYE.

OFFICIAL REPORT.
To the Lords of the Committee of Privy Council

for Trade.
My -Lords,—We, the undersigned, two of her
Majesty's Justices of the Peace for the county of
Renfrew, have had an official inquiry into the
stranding and subsequent foundering of the ship
Assaye, which occurred on the morning of the Ist
inst. in the vicinity of the Black water Light vessel.
The Assaye was built of iron at Greenock in the year

1853,: and registered at that port of the burthen of
785 tons. She was owned by Messrs. James and
William Stewart and others, of Greenock, and was
commanded by Mr. James Jones, who holds a cer-
tificate of competency as master, dated in February,

1858. The Assaye left George Town, Demerara,
on the 2d day of April last, bound to Liverpool, with
a valuable cargo of colonial produce. She was pro-
perly and efficiently found, and was manned by a
crew of 21 men all told. Nothing occurred on the
voyage to call for remark, and on the 31st May, at
10 o'clock at night, the Saltees Lightship was made,
bearing E.N.E., at a distance of six or seven miles.
At 11 o'clock the lights were lost sight of, bearing
N.N.W., and the distance from them was computed,
both by the master and mate, at from six to seven
miles, the computation of distance being obviously
very difficult in thick weather. FrQm this position,,,
an easterly course was steered tilled 2 o'clock a.m.
of the Ist June, when the ship struck upon the south:
rock Off the TuSkar, the weather at that time having
become so thick that they were unable to see that
brilliant light although in such close vicinity. After
the casualty the ship freed herself of the rock, but
shortly commenced to leak. Sail was set, and
efforts were made to get her round the north end of.
the Blackwater and beach her on the Irish coast,

He next refers to the universal desire for their
complete restoration, even in infidel or heretic
countries, and quotes the statistics published by
the Revue des deux Mondes, to show that even in
France the number of convents has gone on in-
creasing till it now amounts to upwards of 14,000.
A generation has passed away since they were
robbed or suppressed in Spain, so that no one
can now impute to them the bankruptcy and beg-
gary that afflict the country, nor the intellectual
darkness amid which the only names visible are
those of Balmez and Donoso Cortes, whose writings
in support of the Faith are worthy of that six-
teenth " century of Giants." Claros then pro-
ceeds to lament the corruption of the present day,
the extravagance in dress as seen in the wives and
daughters of " some of our poor employes, decked
out in lace and, with trains that a duchess of the
times of Charles 111, or Ferdinand VI. would have
envied ;" the general love of idleness, as visible in
every department of the State. You once found
fault," said he, "with the excessive number of
priests and religious required for a population of
16,000,000 ; and now you have 500 generals and
11,000 other officers for an army which never
amounts to 100,000 men ; and you have from
60,000 to 70,000 employes for the worst admini-
stration known to Europe, an administration which
takes eighteen years to dispose of one question
only, and which allows 40,000 petitions in one
department alone to remain unanswered. People
used to complain of the robbers of the Sierra
Morena; but one single bubble company, or one
single speculator, will do more robbery now in a
day than all the bandits in every Sierra in Spain
did in the reign of Ferdinand VII. And what shall
be said of the religious spirit of the governing
classes? Is it not evident, from the pass that
things have come to since Liberalism took to re-
generating Spain ? Are we not asking for the re-
ligious orders in most Catholic Spain the freedom
allowed them by the Moslem in Turkey, and the
'heretic in England?"
" The 22nd of June is near at hand," continued
Senor Claros ; "let us celebrate the sad anniversary.
• • . Thirty years ago, the infamous assassins
whom the gold of the clubs had hired,. thrust
their daggers into the hearts of unarmed and vir-
tuous monks here in the peace and quiet of the
cloister . . . and not a soldier or an officer
moved from the barracks to hinder the foul deed,
in the name of Christian justice or of the ancient
and proverbial chivalrousness of Spaniards. Thirty
years passed by, and the officers of the Spanish
army saw those same daggers, that had been for-
merly steeped in the blood of innocent religious,
and twice stained by contact with the gold by
which they had been prostituted, thrust into the
breasts of their noble companions." .This allusion
to the noble fidelity of the officers who refused a la
nzort to join in the revolt got up by Prim's ser-
geants last year, had a most wonderful effect ; and
the speaker had the house altogether with him
from that moment. " Would that I had time,"
he went on to say, "to draw a parallel between
the sixteenth and the nineteenth centuries, the age
of the monks and the age of the newspaper writers.
Allow me to offer one example only. A short time
ago, the intelligent and 'highborn Liberalism of the
present day sought to give a proof of its power by
recovering one of the gems torn from the Crown of
Castille. The occupation of one island only, :a
fatal island for us . . . cost us more men and
money than the conquest of Peru, and yet we had
to abandon it, for we had no Pizarro there. But
why do I say, of Peru ? That island cost us more
men and money than the conquest of the whole
of America. 30,000 men, and 300,000,000 of
money, could not enable us to conquer the half of
Santo Domingo. And yet a few Dominicans,
merely by the force of their preaching, gave the
island its Spanish administration of old, and the
name of their holy founder. A few Jesuits, with
no other arms than the Cross, yet managed to
colonize and rule the whole of Paraguay." Fi-
nally, referring to his own pPst efforts in the cause
of the old religion of Spain, throughout which his
guiding maxim had been, fidelity to the Church, In
ipsa, et cum ipsd, et per ipsam, the illustrious anti-
liberal deputy concluded thus: "In the name, then,
of that order of ideas which you are here to repre-
sent, I demand the solemn, complete, most just,
and, above all, legal restoration of the religious
orders. But I wish no one to abstain from voting
it. After having demanded it in the name of reli-
gion, of order, and justice, I now demand it in the
name of liberty. Do you wish to know where true
liberty alone is found ? There, where the Word
which lies not has told you that it is found. There,
where the Spirit of God is. Do you wish to know
what true liberty is? It is to love in freedom that
which it is our duty to love. The contrary is to
become enslaved to the passions. Do you wish to
know what is the noblest liberty ? It is that of the
Catholic religious : the heroic liberty of Leonidas
and his companions at Thermopylae ; the liberty
of Dasiz and Velarde and those noble soldiers who,
from that very barrack beside us, hurled death
upon the tyrants of their country, knowing, the
while, that their own deaths would be the certain
consequence—the heroic liberty of sacrifice."
I have not bpace left to give you extracts from
the magnificent (extemporised) speech of Senor
Nocedal in reply to the Marquesde Pidal who,
after a very powerful defence of the religious
orders, thought proper to throw the Liberals a sop
by admitting that in the eighteenth century the
monks and nuns had become unworthy of their
sacred calling.. I must, however, give you one
extract as a specimen of the staunch fidelity of the
growing party whom Nocedal now leads in Con-
gress : " Yes, gentlemen ; they who, like me, have
now but a few grey hairs on their heads,—they who
remember
.the first years of childhood—they who
were wont to see the habit of St. Dominick or of
St. Ignatius worn by our old masters and teachers,
by those who then directed us in the ways of wis-
dom and virtue, which not all of us, perhaps, have
followed since can never call to mind those
sacred habits, those dearly-loved masters, without
tears in their eyes, or without their hearts beat-
ing joyfully and gratefully at the remembrance. I
cannot speak of the sons of the Spaniard Domi-
nick de Guzman, and of the lessons of that true
philosophy once given in the Convent of St.
Thomas Aquinas, without the profoundest emotion
of my heart ; it was there I learned the little of that
knowledge which I now possess. Nor can I think
of that modest habit borne by the members of
the Society of Jesus, without proudly lifting up
my head and saying : " That Company that has
been so reviled by the impiety of the Revolu-
tionists, was a Spanish one ; it was in Spain, as
God willed it, that that heroic saint first saw the
light; he who is the glory of all Europe, the glory

but these efforts were ineffectual, as the vessel foun-'
dered in 20 fathoms of water, within half•a-mile of
the Blackwater Lightship. The incidents of this
casualty lie within a very small compass and a very
short interval of time, and no doubt might have been
avoided by a more cautious course, and due atten-
tion to the lead, &c. The weather both on making-
and after passing the Saltees is represented as being
very thick, and here was the primary error in over-
estimating the distance from that light. A course.
to pass the Tuskar, which would be safe at a dis-
tance of six miles from the Saltees in fine weather',
became manifestly unsafe in thick weather, and, in
fact, with a leading wind and the whole Irish (*.Manuel
open, it was highly imprudent, in such thick weather
and with a strong spring flood, to attempt to round
the Tuskar so closely. We must, therefore, hold.
Mr. Jones responsible for the loss of this valuable,
ship. In awarding the sentence the Court took into
consideration the previous caution of the master
heaving his ship to, and casting his lead with care,
upon making the Saltees ; and it is much to be re
gretted that the same caution deserted him when
approaching the Tuskar. The Court, however, was
not disposed to visit Mr. Jones's omission with,
severity, but they could not overlook the fact that a
fine ship had been lost, with a leading wind and in'
moderate weather, by a neglect of ordinary pre-
caution. The sentence of the Court was that Mr•
James Jones's certificate of competency be Stls-
- for the space of three calendar months. The
certificate is forwarded to your lordships herewith.