The Sun.
London, England, 1858-10-27 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 27, 1858.

aLENFIELD PATENT STARCH,
VI USED IN THE ROYAL LAUNDRY,
AND PRONOUNCED BY TIER MAJESTY'S LAUNDRESS to be
THE FINEST STARCH SHE EVER USED. -
Sold by all Chandlers, Grocers, &c., Sm.

GEORGE HOBSON begs to call the attention
of Gentlemen to his New Autumnal Trousers, 21s. to
255. Also his New Partridge Mixture Shooting Coats.

Excellence with Economy.
GEORGE lIOBSON, 57, Lombard-street.
Established 1796.

BOARD AND RESIDENCE. A Superior
Home is offered to a Gentleman of steady habits, en-
gaged during the day, by a family residing near Regent's-
Park. For a young man coming to London for the first tinie
this would be found a desirable residence. Terms moderate.
Referenees to be exchanged. Address, J. P., Wright's
Dairy, Granby-street, Hampstead-road, N.W.

AN: ACT OF GRATITUDE.-5,000 Copies of
a Medical Book for Gratuitous Circulation.—GEOßGE
Tnomas, Esq., having been effectually, cured of nervous de-
bility, loss of memory, and dimness of sight, resulting from
the early errors of youth, by following the instructions given
in a Medical Work by a Physician, he considers it his duty, in
gratitude to the author, and for the benefit of nervous suf-
ferers, to publish the means used. He will therefore send
free, to any address, in a sealed envelope, on receipt of a
directed envelope, enclosing-two stamps, to prepay postage,
a copy of the medical work, containing every information re-
quired. Address, G. Thomas, Esq., Craven House, Newcastle-
upon-Tyne.

Handicap Sweepstakes of 15 soya each, 10 ft, for two and
three-yr-olds. T.Y,C. (11 subs.)
Mr. H. S. Hunt's Lottery, 2 yrs, Est (Grimshaw 1
Mr. Allison's Layton, 2 yrs, 6st 131 b (Little) 2
Baron Rothschild's Bastion, 2 yrs, 7Sts 2.1 b (Crosswell) 3
The following also ran :L .Wedding, Volatore, Etoile du
Nord, SenoritZfilly, and The Dane.
Betting--2 to I agSt Lottery, 3to 1 agst The Dane, sto
1 each agst Bastion and Wedding. Won by five lengths;
two lengths between the second and third ; Wedding was
well up with Bastion.

Match, 300, h ft. T.Y.C. (5 fur. 140 yds.)
Mr. F. Robinson's Actmon, Bst 71b (A. Day) 1
Mr. R. Ten Broeck's•Olympias, 7st 71b ' (Fordham) 2
Betting-2 to lon Actaeon, who *on. easily by two
lengths.

Selling Handicap SWeepstakes of 15 sovs each, 10 ft. The
winner to be sold for 200 sovs, if demanded, &c. D.M.
(7 fur. 201 yds.) (7 subs.)
Mr. Gibb's Young Hopeful, 4 yrs, 7st 121 b.. (Plumb) t 1
Mr. La Alert's Maggie Lauder, 3 yrs, 7st 91b( Clements) t 2
Mr. Payne's Cultivation, 4 yrs, 7st 71b.. (L. Snowden) 3
Chantress, Pyrrhus the Second, and Cheery Chap also
also ran. .

Betting-9 to 4 agst Young Hopeful, 4to 1 agst Pyrrhus
the Second,- 5 to 1 agst Cultivation, 100 to 15 agst Maggie
Lauder. A dead heat. Cultivation beaten about six lengths
from the two.

Deciding Heat.—The betting opened at 5 to 4 on
Young Hopeful, and closed at 5 to 4 on Maggie Lauder.
Won by a length.
Match, 500, 200 ft. Last half of Ab. M.
Lord Glasgow's Blacksmith, by The Confessor, 3 yrs, Bst
(Aldcroft) 1
Sir Joseph Hawley's Musjid, 2 yrs, Bst 71b .... (Wells) 2
Betting —5 to 4 on Blacksmith, who won by a neck.
The Nursery weights will be published on this day
(Wednesday).

'ERPOOL AUTUMN CUP

Ago at lb
Kin.- of Isles 4 6. 12

—Soli'''. Jack • 3- 6 11
Mitraille 4 6
Misty-Morn
Broadlands
La Maladetta 3 6 8
Pensioner
Julia
Peeress ....r 3 6 2
Gorsehill • i• 3 6 2
Cawood ...... 3 6 1
Royal Sovereign
Target , 3 5 7
Medallion • 3 6 6
Bellona •
Physician, by Game-
boy

been raised 1211 ii.

wanted for the constitution. After the ;Roman
Empire had gone a certain length, new men made
their appearance from the forests of Germany and
elsewhere--our ancestors ; and though the world's
wisdom theretofore had kept them down as of small
knowledge and little account in the transactions of
mankind, they brought with them new and im-
proved ideas of both particular and international
law, of portions of which we arc still in possession'
of the benefit. A move, internal, of the same na-
ture, is wanted now. The angels that have been
bound in the great river Euphrates, or wherever
the place may be, want letting loose, that the
world may have cognisance of their-quality. There
will be better. stuff in them than in some of the old.
Nobody who looks abroad upon the earth can fail
to see that there is something going on like a re-
ceding of the tide of civilisation, which a new im-
pulse is wanted to restore. In all directions the'
brutal part of man has been taking the ascendant.
National -affairs are • conducted on principles of
avowed and unblushing felony. We axe 'the work-
ing slaves of all manner of filibusters, and of high-
waymen not likely to be hanged. The old prin-
ciples of international law and honesty arc set at
nought; and parliaments are dissolved for resisting
gross and unmistakeable larceny, which is only not
petty because the agents are strong. An empire
has just been thrown away, through inability to
keep a compact with enlisted soldiers, and the de-
sire to massacre an army on the pet ground of an-
cient persecutors long since in their own place, for
refusing to take " swine's flesh" into their mouths.
In the course of this, depths of disgrace have been
enacted, such as the old universe never dreamt of,
and nothing but the new could have co-existed
withal. All evil things fancy they have heard
a call to general resurrection; as was the -West-
minster boy's inscription on a monument, they
should "be still if they're wise." The slave
trade is upon us again, alive and hearty. A
man stood up the other day in one of our great
commercial towns, and boasted., that he always
thought slavery a good thing. The wonder is thltt
he did not declare for cannibalism ! Chambers of
commerce petition Parliament to buy up the stock
of decayed buccaneers ; and literary societies turn
out to do them honour, and ask the roasters of
Arabs to meet. Free trade will have to be fought
over again: at all events protection is up and doing,
even in the colonies which complained so loudly
when they lay under the rod. International law is
laughed at ; line-of-battle ships are the only coun-
sellors ; and those who ought to know better are
too much tarred with the same brush to interfere.
In the church is a schism for going back to all
which the public, who gave the revenues, had aban-
doned. In home events, the extent to which the
brutal element has gainesl ground is visible,.parti-
cularly in the murders of young women by what
are called their followers. The principle instilled
among our youth is that for everything that goes
wrong, a discharge of gunpowder is the cure ; 7t is
only the public practice translated into private life.
Your soldiers break open houses in the streets ; as
why should they not, when this was what they en-
listed to do ? All these point to the fact that we
want new blood among us ; • and knowing where it
is, we shall hardly fail to get it. On one point be
of good cheer. You are in the same position for
success that others have been before you. ,As then,
there is disunion among your opponents. Men are
with you whom you do not think of, and will not
show themselves till the time comes. It was ever
so. In the meanwhile, go on. With earnest wishes
for your progress, I remain yours, very sineerely,
T. PERRONET HomesoN.
The CHAIRMAN, in opening the proceedings,
said,—lt is pretty well understood that we are to
have a Reform Bill shortly, and that a Reform Bill
will be introduced under the auspices of the present
Government. That I believe is admitted on all
hands. We have therefore deeined it necessary to
convene this meeting, in order that you might ex-
press Tour opinion as to what we complain of under-
the existing state of things, and of the remedies that
we should suggest in the forthcoming Reform BilL
I shall, gentlemen, as briefly as possible, eaumeratc
for the benefit of Lord Derby and his Government
the complaints that we have of the existing state of
things. In the first place, we assume that the po-
pulation of the United Kingdom amounts to about
thirty millions of human beings, and out of this
population not more than 800,000 persons are en-
trusted with the electoral franchise. The other part
of the population we conceive to be unjustly treated,
inasmuch as they are treated as aliens in the land +
of their nativity, and might as well be denizens of
New Zealand as natives of England. We contend
that the present qualifications of voters are entirely
erroneous, 'ignoring. as they do the citizen entirely,
and vesting the franchise either in material wealth
or in position. The .£5O tenants at will, the £lO
copyholders, the 40s. freeholders, the £lO a-year
rent payers, and the members of universities—these
are all the respective qualifications necessary to
enable the limited number of persons to vote who
are now entrusted with the elective franchise.
Now, in order to remedy such a state of things, and
in order that a correct principle may be established
for the guidance of those who are entrusted with
the drawing out of the forthcoming Reform Bill,
we suggest—nay, we insist—that any Reform Bill
that would be acceptable to the people of Northunt-
berland and Durham must embody the whole adult
male population. We of course except the recipients
.of the poor rates, inasmuch as they have ceased to
be useful members of society ; and we also except
the criminal population, as they arc at war with all
government whatever. I trust that we have ren-
dered ourselves.sufficiently clear to my Lord Derby,
and that he will understand us perfectly that no
measure short of that will give satisfaction to the
people of Newcastle. (Applause.) Gentlemen, I be-
lieve I may say in addition, that an extension of the
franchise to the point which I have named would
be injurious to the.people instead of advantageous,
unless that concession was associated with the bal-
lot. We therefore firmly, but respectfully, insist
upon Lord Derby giving us the ballot along with
increased suffrage. Now, gentlemen, it is quite pos-
sible that my Lord Derby and his Government.
may make the concessions I have named; indeed, I
observe from a paragraph in to-night's Times, se-
lected from some remarks by an intimate relative of
a subordinate of the present Government, that we
were tohave a Reform Bill that must necessarily
give satisfaction to the people ; that the peasantry
were about to be enfranchised, and that it was their
duty to see that the peasant part of the population
was instructed ; but I have a strong apprehension
that there will be some trickery had recourse to in
order that they may neutralise their just conces-
sions to the demands of the people. I would say
to Lord Derby, and to those associated with him,
that we must have no trickery. (Applause). To use
his lordship's very expressive, but not very elegant
phrase, which he applied to the reformers of the
last Reform Bill, " We must have no thimble-rig-
ging in this affair." (Applause.) In order that I
may be perfectly understood, I will first illustrate
from the existing state of things the checks which
the Whigs established when the Reform Bill
was instituted in 1833. I will just take two of the
counties. For instance, I will just take the West
Riding of Yorkshire. It comprises, I believe, a popu-
lation'ef nearly one and a half millions, at all events,
more than a million and a half of that population
are entrusted with. the elective franchise. Let us
see how the West Riding, with the vast population
distinguished for industry and enterprise, is check-
mated by the small county of Rutland. Rutland has
a population of somewhere about 23,000, only
1,650 votes are registered. You see in a division in
the House of Commons the two members for Rut-
land neutralise and checkmate the two members for
the West Riding of Yorkshire. Let us look again
at the boroughs of Manchester, Liverpool, and Glas-
gow. These boroughs contain in the aggregate a po-
pulation of somewhere about 1,100,000 souls. But
of that number between 50,000 and 60,000 arc en-
trusted with the electoral franchise. Mark the way
how these boroughs, distinguished by their enter-
prise, are checkmated by three boroughs contempt-
ible in all those things that the other boroughs arc
celebrated for. I will take the boroughs of Wells,
Knaresborough, and Harwich. Each of these send
two representatives to Parliament. Their aggregate
population does not amount to above 15,000 or
16,000 souls ; and the 926 electors checkmate Man-
chester, Liverpool, and Glasgow. You see in a
division the 'Vest Riding of Yorkshire is check-
mated by the small county of Rutland. Glasgow is
checkmated by Knaresborough, Manchester
by
Harwich, Liverpool by Wells. Now, we must have
none none of these checkmatings in then
e new
Reform
o thee pp
orino
Bill.
We must have members apportioned u
la-
tion, because it will be, a barren achievement,
unless
em e ntth
ere
is en
if we had universal suffrage
is a fair apportionmenta ndbiosf the Government
popu l population. o Iphroopvee
my Lord Der
true to themselves.
In conclusion the speaker ex-
pressed his confidence in the present Government,
'oclieving, as he did, that more concessions had been
made under the auspices of the Tory Governments
of the last 30 years than had been made by the
Whigs.
Mr. TAYLOR, moved the first resolution
in the opinion Of this meeting, the present restricted
franchise deprives a large number of our fellow-

PRICE 4D• STAMPED, SD.

countrymen of their just electoral rights ; entails
' on the nation bad legisletion,financial extravagance,
and an irresponsible foreign policy ; and demands
a radical reform in the representation of the people
in Parliament, based on manhood suffrage, and vote
by ballot." In the course. of a lengthy speech, he
said it depended in a great measure upon the con-
stituencies throughout the kingdom to say what
the coming Reform Bill should be. There cannot
be much doubt that Government would like to give
the people a Reform Bill with as much appear-
ance and as little reality] as might be—as much
show of concession, with a little reality of power
transferred, would be what they would like. They
would like to play the trick which it was alleged
the Whigs played in 1831, to lose as little aristo-
cratic power as possible, and let the little come, if
possible, from the Whig boroughs and constituen-
cies. (Applause.) What they wanted in the coun-
try was plain and simple—a full, free, and fair re-
presentation of the people of this country. (Loud
applause.) They wanted the removal of the dis-
Natrdg:eoorfmtapuewcaol
bleyi:teawhftelraaheto:
seihfec:chst
hlhanwaaaedt‘thvt
hfasobaacsrbi attached
nruel
arteddevopptyfbaorri
er:t3ismgrhi
representation
tnleeaaeamtn)r
oNNhs; who t
situation
efeav
ytdi,
the
distributionrnne
eopoterl
wantedoin a
calledlget ohtnaoe
rote for
Ilfoarveebvuertylittle voice in. They demanded, then,
Englishman—(loud cheers)—not
par-
ticular amount of brick and mortar, but because lie
was an Englishman. (Loud applause.) They wanted
universal suffrage. (Loud cheers.) It should be
clearly understood that whatever was given, if
short of the reality they meant to ask, could lead
to no peace and no. satisfactory solution of the
matter. They wanted the ballot. He was not very
enthusiastic in regard to the ballot. He did not
look upon it ' as a panacea for all political short-
comings. At the same time he did look upon it as
a temporary necessity in many places. No.man can
but be aware that to profess to give a man the
freedom of a vote in--a case-where he is not able to
exercise that vote, could but be a mockery, and.,
therefore, when necessary, and for as long as neces-
sary, they demanded the ballot. They demanded,
he apprehended, a very great shortening of the
duration of parliaments. They wanted it not merely
because they' required a much greater - and more
frequent reference between a member and his con-
stituency, but because that frequent reference
would be the very best obstacle to bribery, because
it would be next to impossible, •in his opinion, for
a member with the largest intention to bribe, to go
on bribing, if annual parliaments, or, at most,
triennial parliaments, were the law ofl the land.
They required also a very great equalisation of the
electoral districts, as had been so very distinctly
stated by the chairman. Anything but that was a
mere mockery. They had obtained one point—the
abolition of the property qualification ; but he appre-
hended they required some machinery by which the
principle involved in that which he took to be-the
right of any man to choose any other man ,he
pleased to sit in the Commons House of Parliament,
would be carried out, and by which a sprinkling,
at any rate, of the working men of this country
would be enabled to sit in the Commons' House of
this country. (Applause.) Whether that should be
done out of the national funds or whether it should
be done by the votes of the constituencies,was amere
detail not necessary to be entered into at that time.
They claimed, then, a new national .government—
a policy of government and legislation which should
embrace within it all the powers that Englishmen
could boast of. They needed them especially for
their home and foreign affairs. In civil matters, eccle-
siastical matters, and everything, it was essential
that there should be a basis of honesty, efficiency,
and economy. The people had no longer 'any con-
fidence in the action of either section of the aristo-
cracy. There was too much tendency to enthusiasm
about the Derby administration. There had been
a natural reaction at the abomination in which Lord
Palmerston and the Whigs were held, and it had
taken into favour Lord Derby and his " squad."
This was the very trick that had been played year
after year, each party had had its turn, and the
country had been disgusted. They 'Mist have
nothing more of this for the future. Let the old
parties be broken up, until they get a broad line of
those who wanted to go on and those who wanted
to stand still. If they had not Much hope fronithe
old leaders of the party, it became them to look to
what they had to hope for in the new party, if they
had any, or in the leaders, if they could see them.
The party who pattered about peace at any price
could not be the leaders of this country.- The party
that could repudiate any increase of the defences of
this country could never represent the nationalism
which lived in the hearts of Englishmen. The
Manchester policy was a policy of despair, in illus-
tration of which he referred to the Crimean war.
They had then to found a national policy, to make
a national party, and get national leaders. The
object should be—a national policy to carry forward
progressive freedom at home, and consistent action
with that freedom abroad. The battle lay now in the
hands of constituencies to say what the reform
should be ; they might not get it next session, but
it was of more consequence to keep their eyes upon
a sound object that they meant to get. In conclu-
sion, he would say to the electors and non-electors
of Newcastle, while this question was pending,
their eourse was to tolerate the pretensions of no
man to represent them in Parliament who shall not,
at least, be thorough on the question of reform.
(Applause.)
Mr. SLACK seconded the resolution, and in doing
so referred to the mismanagement of the Russian
war and the sham peace which followed, and said
if the people had political power they would have
that political life which was essential to the vitality
of a people. If they desired reform they must have
a reformed Parliament ; and he thought that the
appeal made to the working classes of England—
this revivification of the old English spirit—would
meet with a candid and hearty response. The
Northern Reform Union was well calculated to
effect the object that it desired, for it was by far
the most important political body in existence in
this country. They had nothing like it in London
at all events. What they wanted was a simple
measure of reform, free from all those complications
which characterised the present state of things, and
independent of revising barristers and persons
attendant upon them. They neither wanted a sham
nor a permissive ballot, for these would be worse
than no ballot at all. If they could get nothing
else than this, it would be better for them to wait.
Mr. MIDDLEMASS proposed an amendment to the
effect that the meeting should waive for the pre-
sent the age at which manhood suffrage should be
conferred; and leave the question of electoral qua-
lification to be settled by the representatives of the
people.
Mr. SOUTHERN -seconded the amendment, and for
which, on its being put, only three hands were held
up. In favour of the original resolution a perfect
forest of hands appeared.
Mr. STAMFIELD moved—" That, in the opinion
of this meeting, the work in which the Northern
Reform Union is now engaged is calculated to ex-
tend the political education of the people, and to
strengthen the hands of the reform party in and
out of Parliament in their efforts to obtain from
the Government a thorough measure of reform, and
is, therefore, deserving of the active support and
encouragement of all earnest reformers."
Mr. LARKIN seconded the motion, which was
carried unanimously.
A vote of thanks having been given to the chair-
man, the meeting separated.

The gold lately despatched on account
ounftsloso,ooo
of the
Turkish loan was £300,000. A freshshipmen
will be made at the end of the week, to be followed bf,another
of like amoit, which will complete the total at present
contemplated.
RAPID STEAMING TO ALEXANDRIA.—We have
been shown a letter from Captain Down, who took out the
Peninsular and Oriental
with
Company steamer Malta, from
the Indian mail; on the 20th
this port to Alexandria,
ult.', and has made the with the Indian mail, on the 20th
ult 4 and has made the quickest passage on record. The
cank,dafrasa:g—lo'r%
letter is dated Alexandra,
tOictohbteor,c6lo,
arrived here this morning, at
Southampton, run of ten days sixteen hours including
all stoppages, which were twenty-three hours. Nothing
surpasses this yet—not even the Peral This morning, at
daylight, wo saw the Indus ahead, and we anchored here
just one hour after her. She left Southampton on the 20th.
People here are in a small state of excitement at having the
two mails from England in at once. Such a thing has never
occurred before." The distance from Southampton to Alex-
andria is 2,951 miles, and it will be seen that, after deduc-
ing twenty hours for stoppages, the Malta made the run in
nine days and seventeen h.ours.—Hampshire Independent.
[AnvEanstmENT.]—Rarey's Horse and Cattle Improv-
ing Food is equally adapted to improve the stamina of ill-
conditioned Horses, Cows, Bullocks, Calves, Sheep, and
Pigs. It causes no extra expense, as it contains far more
and better nourishment than its cost of ltd. per feed sup-
plies in corn and hay; hence ensures an actual saving in
the keep. But its principal advantages are a great improve-
ment in the digestive functions, the stamina and general
condition of horses enabling them to perform far more
labour without getting distressed. It imparts new vigour
to sick, debilitated, or old apparently worn-out horses, and
it puts rapidly the finest flesh on cattle generally, and im-
proves the milk in cows, as it enables them to extract the
entire nourishment out of everything they feed on. Rarey
and Co., 77, Regent's Quadrant, Piccadilly, London.
I Packed in tins of about 90 feeds, lls.; in casks of about 450
feeds, 50s. ; of about 1,000 feeds, £5, being about lid. per
feed.

THE PRUSSIAN:IRA,
(From the Times)\,--
The Regency question is settled, vital Mesh
stands astonished at her own success. Like the
great Tom Thumb, if she has not fought it is be-
cause she has found na foes to fight withal. The
terrible Junker party, or Squirearchy, as we should
call them, the adherents of the A-rem: Zeitunq, the
High Church and Divine. Right sticklers of our own
Revolution of 1688, have made no fight at all, and
so the poor King goes to recruit his shattered
nerves by a diet of grapes at Meran, and the Prince
of PrUssia has quietly succeeded to the Viceregency
of the kingdom. The two Houses of Prussian Par-
liament appointed a joint committee, a precedent
worthy of all imitation, always so 'far as private,
and very often when public business is concerned,
and looked into the case for themselves. They
examined physicians as to the Royal health, and
have agreed to a report which declares the Regency
necessary. So far all goes well and quietly, and
people seem astonished that so great a change could
be made with so very little disturbance. This is
not the way they are accustomed to do things in
Germany. German quarrels have become prover-
bial for their length, at least, if not for their bitter-
noss, and we are used to fancy that everything that
emanates from the Teutonic mind, whether it be a
book, a measure, or a negotiation, must be of the
most ample proportions. Considering how much
was said about it beforehand, the dismal doubts
that were entertained, and the awful speculations
that were indulged in, the change of the deposi-
taries of power in Prussia has been a quick, facile,
and painless operation. The truth seems to be that
the Prussian public has undergone so many disap-
pointments, has so frequently gained ground only
to lose it again, that it has lost heart, end
scarcely believes in its own good fortune even
when a change the most favourable appears to be
about to take place. The Kreuz Zeitung party
seems to have inspired the public mind with
a degree of awe and apprehension with which
its actual resources and powers are utterly in-
commensurate. Prussia could not believe that
those who had for so many years directed her
Councils with so much aristocratic insolence as re-
garded their fellow-subjects, and such abject and
ruinous servility with regard to Russia, who had
defied the whole enlightened opinion of the country,
who had set spies upon the Prince of Prussia and
broken open his letters, and who had actually put
to death under the thin disguise of a duel a
Minister who had ventured in th disc arge of his
duty jct. -incur their displeasure, were, after all, the
mere creatures of Royal- favour, possessing- little
substantive power of their own, suppOrturby no
commanding talent, illustrious for no great public
services, and having no hold on the interests and
affection of the nation.. That such a party could
thus be snuffed out without noise, and almost with-
out resistance, has been a matter of astonishment
in Prussia. To us the wonder has rather been how
such a party could ever have been regarded as pos-
segsing any of the elements of strength or dura-
bility,—as being, in fact, anything else than the
feeble reflection of the Royal mind in its least
magnanimous and patriotic mood. The mistake
seems similar to that which led so acute an observer
as Mr. Disraeli;to believe that the regeneration of
England was to be wrought out by, the united
efforts of a number of young gentlemen in white
waistcoats, full of Catholic traditions and Norman
sympathies, with a religion formed on the " Tracts
for the Times," and a political creed based, princi-
pally, on Sir Walter Scott's novels. It is often seen
that just before the break up of a party or of a
creed there arises a feverish exaggeration—a kind
of parody of its most untenable opinions ; the lamp
flickers up once more in its socket, and then goes
out altogether. It- was thus that Young England
heralded the coming destruction of pure and genuine
Toryism, and thus the principles of violent reac-
iion and oppression in Prussia have found their
Most outrageous, and we trust and believe their
last, exponents in the party of the Krenz Zeitunq.
We have been in the habit during the last ten
years of seeing so many goodly barks put to sea
in search of the haven of a really constitutional
and liberal Government, and have been so uni-
formly called upon to mourn over the wreck of
patriotic hopes and glorious aspirations, that we
view with very mixed feelings the new essay of
Prussia to win for herself those institutions and
liberties which have hitherto so constantly eluded
her grasp. We hare already given our reasons for
believing that there is a great deal more to be done
than to snatch the reins of power from the hands
which lately held them. The very fact that a
country so enlightened as Prussia, whose literary
men have taken so decided a lead in the higher
walks of science and philosophy, and whose people
are beyond dispute the best educated in Europe,
should nave suffered itseff, without effort or resist-
ance, to be directed in a course almost fatal to its
position as a great Power, and exceedingly preju-
dicial to its highest political interests, was to us a
clear proof, not only that public opinion was not
possessed of proper organs for its expression, but
that the iron system of police and routine had
weighed upon the spirit of the land till it had left
its people no other habit but passive obedience, no
other idea than executing, without murmur and
without question, the will of a Sovereign.
The Prussians have shown themselves the best
of subjects, but this virtue, like many other virtues,
must often be its own reward, and those nations
have, on the whole, fared best who have evinced an
unmistakeable impatience of control. We are now
to see what use Prussia will make of the opportu-
nity which no exertions of her own, but the fail-
ing health of her King, has thrown into her hands.
It seems absurd to offer advice to a nation whose
literary acquirements fit it, should it choose to
undertake the task, to be in so many matters the
preceptor of the world, but in the practice and exer-
cise of freedom England also is happily not without a
certain kind of erudition, and, if she has not brought
the abstract theory of government to perfection,
her history has contributed the most numerous and
the most interesting facts to the cultivators of
political science. We would, then, earnestly beg of
the Prussian nation, if they wish to found among
them an edifice of substantial and durable frees:om,
to avoid as they would a pestilence all those who
would invite them to form their notions on any
abstract or metaphysical ground. There has been
no enemy so formidable to liberty as the doctrine
of the " Rights of Man" logically worked out and
scientifically expounded. We believe that history
will bear us out in the conclusion that freedom is
to be obtained more readily by the gradual relaxa-
tion of aristocratic restrictions than by the attempt
to invest every.eitizen at once with all those attri-
butes of sovereignty to which abstract theory may
declare him to be entitled. The worst foundation
on which we can bpild is that of universal suffrage.
The edifice may rest on stones as yet unbroken,
but not when they are pounded into sand. Ano-
ther thing we apprehend is quite clear—that, how-
, ever great be the blessings of a thoroughly
centralised and organised system of police, and of a
Government which regulates for its citizens almost
every action of their lives, these are blessings which
a nation really bent on the enjoyment of freedom
must be prepared to forego. Freedom is not
merely a matter of constitutional regulation ; it
depends on the habits and spirit of the people, on
the habit of self-reliance, and on the spirit which
repudiates the intervention of Government any-
where beyond its immediate province, and claims
to be free in its public acts because it has been ac-
customed to unrestricted liberty in its private con-
cerns. The experience of France shows that with
Democracy may succeed Monarchy, and Despotism
Democracy, and yet the liberties of the nation be
e changes
a on fg
es passports,
educated,
eayllost
ofupon
ei
nnatlar centralisation, staaht tieioonani,
Ns
Government,tlainniccdht distinction
a polices,B' s t
in no degree extended. We trust that this
the Continent of
Europe.oil tef sboen
beingt Illvei
ltibl the tobtest drilled on

THE CASE OF THE REV. ALFRED POOLE.—We
are informed that legal proceedings have been commenced
by the Rev. Alfred Poole agast the How. and Rev. Fre-
derick Baring, in consequence of the alleged defamatory
statements made by the latter gentleman at the meeting in
St. James's Hall on the 11th June. Mr. Bolin, Q.C., and
AEldr
Edwin
Coleridgeam es, willQ. be counsel for the plaintiff and Mr.
is retained for the defendant. An ap
plication will also be made to the Court of Queen's Bench,
on behalf of Mr. Poole, for a mandamus, to compel the
archbishop to receive his appeal, and sanguine expectations
are entertained as to the result. It will be recollected that
a similar procedure was succesiful iii the case of Archdeacon
Denison.
• THE ARMY AND NAVY INVADING THE EXCISE.--
EXTRAORDINARY PRIVILEGE.—At the Dudley Police
Court yesterday a novel application was made by 3lr. John
Smith, solicitor of Birmingham, on behalf of Mr. Timothy
Salmon, of Dudley. It was stated that the applicant wished
to make an affidavit to the effect that his father had served in
the army during the years 1802 and 1816, and upon his
making this affidavit it was shown that, under the Act
5 and 6 Geo. 111., cap. 67, any officers, mariners, soldiers
and marines, or persons who served in the militia or
fencibles (or their wives and children), during the years
1802 and 1816 were entitled to sell exciseable articles with-
out a license, and in any place they might think fit ; and that
if after such an affidavit were made, any person should take
proceedings against the party, such persons would, upon a
n msuit, ye to pay double costs to the defendant. Documents
were put in by Mr. Smith,showing that the applicant's father
had served in the 7th Batt. of the Royal Artillery,and that he
was honourably discharged with a pension. The magistrate
after a long consultation, and after calling in legal aid,founu
they had no alternative but to take the affidavit ; but as,
according to their view of the act, the applicant must first
sell the exciseable articles, they agreed to take his affidavit
t application
sex andc
excise
oe t others
obiinuietterested, as
on Wednesday, he in the meantime selling the articles.
This application has caused considerable excitement in this
licensedieaetvittltthe:alripserson selling does not come
(I:l3i;ittriileetvio=b? t
.eaapurt r ;
utinesd.er
Ithteissunneeilrslatnoocde otfhae
to numeroukothera of the same kind,