The Sun.
London, England, 1867-06-24 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, JUNE 24, 1867,

females with necessary clothing, they having been
necessarily hurried on shore from their beds before
they could clothe themselves properly. Nothing of
any consequence seems to have been saved from the
ship. A consideration of the whole evidence has
led the Court to the conclusion that the justice of
the case will be met by returning the master his
certificate, which we did with the full concurrence
of the nautical assessors; but, at the same time, ac-
companying it with an expression of our regret and
disapproval of his conduct in so far that he did not
satisfy himself that the deep-sea lead line was in
perfect order before leaving port.

grand military fete, which will be given by the
Emperor in honour of the Sultan. The place selected
as the theatre of the fete is the camp at Chalons.
It is to be hoped that as Tia Bey, one of the leaders
of the Young Turkey party, has taken refuge in
Paris (where, by the way, he has published a long
letter in defence of his political views), we shall see
no repetition of the scene which has stamped so
melancholy a souvenir upon the review given at
Longchamp. I observe, in speaking of the Czar,
that he has remitted—through the medium of the
Baron de Budberg—to Madame LaboriC, who, it
will be remembered, was slightly wounded in the
cheek on the occasion we have alluded to, a magni-
ficent jewel, formed of an emerald heart, sur-
rounded with diamonds. This delicate and
graceful attention will assuredly not tend to
diminish the popularity of the Emperor of Russia
amongst the fair dames of Paris. An amusing
hypothesis is formed in Paris in respect to the an-
ticipated arrival of Prince Mokeifayo, son-in-law
to Queen Pomare, who is expected in October.
This ocean Prince, whose real name is Rogues, is
said to be a native Parisian, some two years ago
employed at the Theatre of the Varietes ; and the
hypothesis to which we allude is, that the aforesaid
Prince, being heartily tired of his sojourn amongst
the native islanders, will make his visit to the Ex-
position a pretext for taking leave of his savage
relatives, never to return. As regard the latest
news of the Exposition, the Emperor and Empress
of Austria have forwarded to the Imperial Commis-
sion the two gold medals struck in honour of the
coronation of their Majesties at Pesth as King and
Queen of Hungary. These medals, which are
placed at this moment in the Galerie de l'His-
toire du Travail, afford a marked testimony of
the great interest taken by the Emperor in the
success of the Exposition. The celebrated maestro
Rossini, in company with Mons. le Play, conzmis-
saire general, commenced on Tuesday last the
arrangements for the grand choral hymn in honour
of the Emperor, which will be chanted on the
first of July, the day chosen for the distribution of
recompences. The musical direction has been com-
mitted to the charge of M. Jules Cohen ; the
orchestra will be conducted by M. George Maine,
and the hymn will be sung by the premiers artistes
of the three lyric theatres. On Thursday a Grand
Chinese Concert took place—without section—
when a number of traditional melodies were exe-
cuted with considerable success—many, it is said,
dating many ages in advance of our era.

As all spectacles, concerts, &c., at the Exhibition
now finish at eleven o'clock, an arrangement has
been made by the authorities of the Railway Station
at the Champ de Mars (Care St. Lazare) at half-
past eleven, which also affords an opportunity to
the visitors who come from Versailles of returning
by the half-past twelve train from Paris.
The Commission at the Exhibition have deter-
mined upon having in August an exhibition of
oxen employed for draught purposes. The animals
are to be exhibited in pairs and harnessed together.

Since the assembling of crowned heads in Paris
those who look forward to an era of general dis-
arming, and the establishment of European peace
on a happy and durable basis, as attainable objects;
are auguring every
imaginable blessing as the result
of the meeting, frierdly intercourse, and personal
understanding of potentates actuated by a spirit of

conciliation and mutual confidence. These peace
enthusiasts consider the visits paid to France by the
Sovereigns of Europe as a demonstration against
war, an affirmation of a desire to see conflicts
between nations as3ume a different character,

and the precursor of a pacific policy guaranteeing
prosperity and happiness to the people at large.
They regard the simultaneous presence of the Czar
and King William at the Court of Napoleon 111.
something more than a mere chance meeting, and
scarcely less than the consequence of a preconceived
plan to consider the solution of such problems as
menace, or are likely to menace, the tranquillity of
Europe. They go so far as to assert that a partial
disarmament has already been agreed upon, and
that a triple demonstration in favour of peace and
concord would shortly appear in the shape of a
manifesto published simultaneously by France,
Prussia, and Russia.

On the other hand, the less hopeful attribute the
visits of Sovereigns to Paris to motives of simple
curiosity and desire to see the wonders of the great
Exhibition, r,o2ive tin huzzahs of admiring multi-
tudes, and parade their importance in a foreign
capital. Acknowledging the advantages of dis-
mamn question its practicability at the
present and deny its having been for a moment
aret,
time, they
entertained by those most capable of advancing it.
Even if a sincere reconciliation be accomplished be-
tween France and Prussia, and the bitterness of old
rivalries be appeased, they think the danger would
remain the same, the proposal for disarmament
would be premature, and general peace far from
being assured, so long as there was an oppressed
people in Turkey, so long as Polish denationalisa-
tion continued. It may be true that the King of
Prussia, the Czar, aul the Emperor Napoleon
parted good friends, but personal sentiments are
not, and cannot be, the rule of conduct for men
who have the destinies of nations in their care ; it
is probable that the three Sovereigns agreed in every-
thing concerning their recreations while they were
mperor is altogether different from
fetedbable andth
at
they would
welcomed in Paris, but it is more than pro-
differ whenever State affairs
were introduced on the lapis, for the ideal of
thatFranceimagined a
agnidu
eher
byE
the Czar or King William.
Others who, like myself, claim to be impartial
observers, feel inclined to look favourably on the
erwit
ea'antpliocebactlt
ieefsteoxof State may deem it fit to
State
eeeuttniondpgi
sr
disarmamenttoudrubceedbe nefici
wheneverato
l
mafponoeuyl eiottoiwi
political
geol
orofEf theuSro g
resultsov pe reigns as likely
attempt a modification in the map of Europe. We
believe that something more than curiosity prompted
these royal visits; that serious political questions
have been touched upon ; that the great problems
proposed at this time to the consideration of states-
men have been discussed by the Emperor with his
illustrious guests, and that the proposal for a general
disarmament has been mooted, if not encouraged,
during these interviews. We have regarded the
journey of Alexander 11. as significative of a desire
for his having evidenced
g
to prevent a war between
France and Prussia but a short time ago, and when,
at interest peace, from a n tdh
activity
t factivi
t y of
as in preceding years, Russia might have ex-
pected great advantages from discord in Europe.
The visit of Prussia's King with his Prime
Minister 'seems- to -us indicative of a better
and more conciliatory spirit on the part of
Germany. This sentiment was encouraged by a
tacit and courteous understanding between the
Sovereigns and their Ministers not to undertake an
investigation of the merits of the German question
for fear of wounding susceptibilities and originating
unpleasant feelings.
Great good
may come of the recent association of
the two Emperors and the King of Prussia, while it
is scarcely probable that harm will arise from it.
We feel assured that difficulties between nations
would be less frequent, and more easily and satis-
factorily adjusted if the leaders of Governments
could have frequent and unrestrained social inter-
course together. Let us hope that the goodwill,
which certainly
prevailed during the stay in this
city of those who have just left us, may be judi-
ciously treasured
up and redound to the advantage
of civilisation and humanity.

After the excursion to Fontainebleau on last Tues-
day the Imperial
party returned to Paris, where a
special train was in readiness to convey the Czar
and suite to the frontiers of France. The public
was unaware of the programme for departure, so
that the railway
station was not encumbered with a
curious crowd. Before separating the Emperor and
Czar embraced fraternally several times. At this
moment, no doubt, their common peril on the 6th
June was remembered, and tended much to cement
the ties of friendship which exists between them.
The young princes then came forward and bade a
touching adieu to the Emperor, who extended his
hand and embraced each of them. King William
remained somewhat apart during this scene, but
came up afterwards and simply shook the hand of
the Czar in bidding him au revoir. While iu Paris
the Czar conferred many honorary decorations upon
Ithe directors and functionaries of the yariouti pub.

is establishments which he had visited. Attached
to his suite were secretaries charged with the
duty of noting the visits, and the incidents and
observations which characterised them. A daily
account of this kind was sent forward to the
Empress of Russia, another was delivered to the
Czar, and a third copy preserved for the personal
archives of his Majesty. It is said that he left a
princely sum in the hands of the authorities to be
distributed among the poor of Paris. He offered
to Mons. Rainbeaux, the equerry who interposed,
and probably saved his life from the shot of
Mirezowski an annuity of 10,000 roubles, which
that gentleman declined. We hear now that the
Czarina intends presenting to Madame Rainbeaux
a necklace worth 300,000 f. 060,000), and that
all the principal Russian cities are organising sub-
scriptions for the purpose of forwarding medals
and presents of considerable value, so that a good
deed bids fair to be handsomely rewarder!.
As a present to Napoleon, and one which he
doubtless appreciates, the Czar left the two finest
of the three splendid horses which are now in the
Russian stable on the grounds of the Exhibition.
One is a bay stallion, called Fakel, about five years
old, and the other Fesan, a chesnut of the Kane
age. Both were born and reared at the Imperial
breeding establishment, founded by a Russian
prince about sixty years ago.
Memorials addressed to the Emperor Napoleon,
condemning the odious attempt on the life of the
Czar, and expressing gratification at his escape,
continue to arrive from all parts of France. The
Americans in Paris have not been behind hand in
this commendable move, and conveyed to the Czar
before he left their expressions of indignation at the
outrage perpetrated on the 6th inst.
Berezewski is recovering from the wounds
occasioned by the explosion of his pistol and the
fury of the crowd. His trial will probably take
place the first week in July. Jules Favre, being
in feeble health, cannot undertake the defence of
the criminal, as was requested and expected, so the
task will devolve upon a Monsieur Grevy, who
is represented as a jurist of no mean ability.
The King of Prussia left Paris last Friday for
Brussels, on his way to Berlin. He was accom-
panied by Bismark and the officers and suite that
came with him. A grand dinner, closing the first
series of fetes offered to the Sovereigns, was given
him at the Tuileries the day before his departure,
and it was at this dinner that he bade his adieux
to the Emperor Napoleon and the Empress.
Parisians are becoming so habituated to the sight
of crowned heads that nothing short of a veritable
King or Emperor produces a sensation in the city.
Ismail-Pacha must have anticipated this, for we
are told that before setting out he solicited and
obtained, in consideration of certain remuneration,
authority from the Sublime Porte to bear the title
of King of Egypt during two or three months. He
arrived in Paris on last Sunday, and was received
with all the honour due his rank. A numerous
crowd thronged the streets through which the cor-
tege passed on its way to the Palace of the Tuileries.
He wa3 graciously received by the Empress, and,
after the customary presentations, was conducted
with befitting ceremonial to the Pavillon Marsan,
of the Louvre, where apartments had been prepared
for bim. General Geffrard, ex-President of the
Republic of Ilayti, is now sojourning in Paris, and
figured in the Imperial cortege at the grand mili-
tary review in the Bois de Boulogne. He is a tall,
good-looking man of colour, with a distingue white
moustache. He intends settling in Bourgogne,
where he has purchased an estate with the determi-
nation of living in retirement.

The following letter has been addressed to the
editor of the Anglo-American Times:—
In the article headed "Rebels," which occu-
pies a leading place in your issue of June 1, occurs
the following paragraph, to which it seems to me
that further attention should be drawn :

" Nothing justifies rebellion but tyranny and
usurpation. Nothing sanctions rebellion but suc-
cess. The stake played for in this game is the
greatest that man can risk. The successful rebel
passes from a traitor to a patriot, while the re-
belion changes to a revolution, and eventually
becomes a holy and righteous war. Of the two
'(Treat American revolutions the one assumed the
shape of the renowned War of Independence—the
other the stigmatised rising of a Slave Oligarchy.
Yet the latter was fought on a grander scale, and
even more gallantly than the former. While
Washington's name is a household word and the
god of an American's idolatry, that of Davis who
upheld a falling cause with as dauntless a front and
as noble a tenacity is a byword and reproach. With
sunken eye and furrowed cheek the beggared and
emaciated exile, froi.n the cells of his long imprison-
ment, sinking beneath the curse of a weight of ruin,
seeks in a foreign country a home denied him in. his
own. The difference between success and failure is the
main difference between Washington and Davis. The
very institution it was the hard fate of the Southern
chief to endeavour to uphold was but an inheri-
tance from the greatest leader in the cause of free-
dom that the world has yet known. Between a
rebel and a patriot there may be but fine shades of
difference, perhaps darkened by the clouds of ad-
versity, or lightened by the sunshine of success. It
is time this endless taunt should cease, for, as now
applied, it is a word without a meaning, which, if
persisted in, may convey to it a significance that
may associate rebellion in many minds with the
highest duties of man. It is for the well-being of
society, which is intimately connected with the
security of Government, that this word should sig-
nify, as it is intended, the perpetration of a great
crime."

To the statement that " the difference between
success and failure is the main difference between
Washington and Davis," I object that it is false to
the fact. Washington fought for the principles of
representative popular government. He took up
arms against the attempt to tax those who were un-
represented. Davis contended against the principles
of representative popular government. In an elec-
tion his party proved the smaller, and therefore
appealed to force.
It needs no argument to show that if the minority
in a republic is to be justified in taking up arms, as
soon as it discovers that it is a minority, there is an
end of Republican government.
In a word, Davis strove for the overthrow of the
Constitution and the Union, which Washington
fought and laboured to establish. Are these very
" fine shades of difference ?"

Again, the institution of slavery was, in a certain
sense, au inheritance from Washington ; 'that is to
say, Washington held slaves.
But the institution of slavery he never sought to

perpetuate or extend. It was but an incident in his

career. He found it and left it in existence ; but
there is ample evidence that he hoped for its gradual
extinction.

Davis, on the contrary, revolted for the exyess
purpose of extending the area and perpetuating the
existence of human slavery. In his career it was
not an incident, but the great aim. The Republi-
can party, it need scarcely be said, had no thought
in 1860 of touching the institution where it existed,
but only of preventing its extension within the ter-
ritories of the United States. Rather than endure
this mild restriction, Mr. Davis and his confederates
commenced the late bloody war, and the Vice-Pre-
sident of the so-called Confederacy publicly de-
clared slavery (with a blasphemous allusion to Scrip-
ture) " the head-stone of the corner in their new
edifice" of Government.

Is this a delicate " shade of difference ? "

Again, Washington and his associates used every
means of conciliation before they resorted to force,
sending remonstrances and " humble petitions" again
and again. When hostilities broke out the troops
of the British Government fired first upon the citi-
zens, and more than a year elapsed after this event
before conciliation was despaired of and indepen-
dence declared by the colonies.
The Acts of Secession were passed, for the most
part, iu a time of profound peace. Active hostili-
ties were commenced by the South, unprovoked by
any show of force, the very garrisons of the na-
tional works being too weak to resist mobs of undis-
ciplined and half-armed men. The first shot of the
war was fired on Sumpter from no military neces-
sity, but for the express purpose of bringing lagging
States into the line of secession.
What is said of the " dauntless front" and
" noble tenacity" of Mr. Davis seems wholly aside
from the question. Courage and persistency have
many a time been shown in infamous causes. Cata-
line was not wanting in " tenacity," and went to
his last field with much mon " dauntless front'