The Sun.
London, England, 1867-10-30 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 30, 1867

takes one of many instances to tell his hearers.
" I can only say this that if you had seen the
countenance of the gentleman who recently
made a speech in this city when I did
carry that bill, you would not have read in those
lineaments the triumph of the Liberal party after
their toils of seventy years. I must say I never saw
such a command over the exultation which is
natural and peculiar to man when ho succeeds in
an object dear to his heart and to his country."
The right hon. gentleman made some observations
on the borough franchise, and stated that there was
no other solution of that difficulty than the one
they had arrived at this year. It had
long been a stumbling-block to statesmen,
and five Prime Ministers successively failed
to deal with the "question. Mr. DISRAELI is
always very happy in his delineation of political
questions, and he says that there are two merits
which the statesman should not forget when he
attempts to settle any great question of this sort.
First, let the settlement be formed upon some prin-
ciple, but that is not enough ; " let it also be a
change that is iu harmony with the manners and
the character of the people that you are dealing
with."

There was really considerable ground to jus-
tify Mr. DISRAELI'S assertion that the
common sense of the House of Com-
mons indicated their original course, and
though they did not theoretically pass the Reform
Bill by Resolutions, yet practically they did. Great
laughter was caused by the right hon. gentleman
asking leave to' speak of an "animal not known in
Scotland, and, thank GOD, no longer known in
England—the compound householder. It was no
easy matter to do away with his existence,
however, for if they had tried to do so at
the commencement of the session, all the vestries
in London would have agitated, and, as it was,
Mr. GLADSTONE himself, quietly contemplating
our difficulties, had announced that the laws under
which the compound householder existed were the
result of the civilisation of the age." " Time works
wonders" was fully illustrated in this case as in
others, for some months afterwards the Liberals
themselves proposed to do away with the " com-
pound householder." In commenting upon the
gloomy view taken by some parties of the change of
affairs, Mr. DISRAELI declared that he looked
upon their writings much as he did upon the
first-class, first-rate posting houses which half
a century ago carried on a roaring trade. In the
name of the Government the Chancellor of the
Exchequer promised that they would bring forward
a Scotch Reform Bill in February, and in pursuing
this theme we are glad to find the right hon. gen-
tleman say there is no " cabalistic charm in the
number of 658, and that the good sense of the
House of Commons will rejoice that when it comes
to the question whether their ancient nation, which
joined us on equal terms, should receive increased
representation from its altered circumstances." It
was scarcely necessary for Mr. DISRAELI to re-
mind his hearers that he had always been the friend
of education at every opportunity that presented
itself, but it was interesting to his audience to hear
him say that if he ever wanted an instance of the
advantages of national education he would find it
iu the country of which he was then the guest. "It
has been my lot," said he, "to visit many distant
lands, but I have never been in one without finding
a Scotchman, and I never found a Scotchman
who was not at the head of the poll. Ho was
prosperous, he was thriving, but I am bound to say
1. never met one yet, even if he were the confi-
dential adviser of a Pasha, who did not tell me
he owed his rise to his parish school." Mr. Do-
RAELI concluded his admirable address by au
eloquent description of the influences that encourage
and support the statesmen of their country. " I
rejoice that in this country, whatever may have
been the tumult and the turmoil of our now
almost countless generations, there have been
those master influences that have at all times
controlled and commanded our passions and powers,
and they are industry, liberty, religion. So long
as this sacred combination influences the destinies of
this country it will not die. History will recognise its
life, not record its decline and fall. It will say this
is a great and understanding people,and it is from such
materials we make the magnificence of the nation,
and establish the splendour of the universal globe."
The Speech of the Chancellor of the Exchequer was
in every way worthy of the occasion, and redounded
to the honour of those he addressed, and of the po-
sition which he held in the Councils of the State ;
and we feel convinced that it will be long before
the visit of the Leader of the House of Commons,
who carried the Reform Bill, to Edinburgh will be
forgotten by those who heard it.

The Circular Note issued by the French Govern-
ment to its diplomatic agents is calculated to
reassure the public mind with regard to tho Italian
question. It is true that the terms and phases of
diplomatic etiquette are not always reliable indica-
tions of the policy of a Government; but there is
reason to believe that, in this case, the French Go-
vernment will find it alike their interest and their
inclination to follow that firm yet moderate course
which has already produced such good results. M.
DE MOUSTIER begins by observing that he will not
enumerate the successive incidents which have
pushed to extreme consequences " a crisis as
threatening to the security of the Holy See as it is
dangerous to the true interests of Italy." Tie then
goes on to say that the September Convention
was induced and freely signed by the Italian Go-
vernment, and that the terms of the treaty obliged
that Government to protect efficaciously the fron-
tier of the Pontifical States against all aggression
from without. No one can pretend that this obli-
gation has been fulfilled, and France has a right to
replace matters in the position they formerly occu-
pied. M. DE MOUSTIER hastens, however, to
disclaim, on the part of his Government, any wish
or intention " to renew, iu the old form, an occu-
pation of whose gravity no one is better
aware than we are." He declares that France
is faithful in cherishing the ties which unite
her to Italy, and that as soon as the Pon-
tifical territory is liberated, and security re-
established, her task will be accomplished, and
she will retire. A hint is moreover thrown out to
the effect that France is no longer desirous of re-
maining sole adjudicator of a difficult and compli-
cated question. Henceforth, says M. DE MOUSTIEIZ,
she must call the attention of Powers as much in-
terested as herself in preserving the peace of Europe,
to the situation. Whether this indicates a Con-
gress, or any other attempt to bring new actors
upon the scene, and settle by the agency of fresh
comers a question on which the Italians are already
jealous of intervention, must for the present re-
main matter of speculation. At any rate, there is
uo doubt that it is the intention of the French Go-
vernment to make the recent disturbances a plea for the
renewal of an occupation unpalatable alike to the
people of both nations. The Liberte of last evening
says that the French Government had repelled the
attempt of Italy to obtain permission for her troops
to co-operate with the French army in driving the
Garibatdians from Papal territory. The reply of
the French Government implied a hope that the
limit of the expedition would be a disembarcation at

Civita Vecchia. This hope is likely, under the pre-
sent aspect of affairs to be realised, and all well-
wishers of Italy must unite in it. Considerable
agitation and disturbance prevails in several quarters,
as might be naturally anticipated, but in some cases
the reports appear to have been great exaggerated.
There is no confirmation of the report that thousands
of deserters from the Italian army had joined
GARIBALDI ; and we may therefore hope that the
threatened insurrection will likewise prove an illu-
sion. 2he situation is without doubt a serious and
a complicated one, and demands from all parties
temperance, firmness, and moderation. The cir-
cular of M. DE MOUSTIEIt, like the proclamation of
the King of ITALY, gives reason to hope that his
Government will not fail in the manifestation of
these qualities; and it remains for the Italian people
themselves throughout the whole peninsula to act
in that "spirit of order and legality" which, as
M. DE MOUSTIER appropriately reminds them, is the
only possible basis for their country's prosperity and
greatness.

The intelligence which reaches us from New
York on the 19th confirms the impression that the
Democratic party are rapidly gaining ground. Two
items of the news brought by the City of Balti
more boar this significance :—Secretary SEWARD,
we aro told, has expressed his conviction
that the Democrats will carry the New York
elections next month, and declares that in
that case he will not resign. Tho postpone-
ment of his often-threatened resignation, which he
is too old a statesman to be really solicitous about,
is of less moment than his public declaration of the
probable triumph of Democratic policy. The
Radicals have been losing ground at almost
all the elections this year, and it often happens
with politicians as with gamesters that there is a.
" run of luck" for them or against them. The
Radicals have had it all their own way for some
years past, and it is probable that had they made a
wiser and more patriotic use of their power symp-
toms of reaction might now be setting in. They
have, however so greatly abused their opportunity,
that no sooner is the spell broken and the scale
turned against them than their downfall is rapid,
and they can neither point to principles nor per-
formances in their vindication. The other piece of
intelligence to which we referred is the confessed
belief of the Western Republican party that the
threatened impeachment of the PRESIDENT
would prove fatal to the Radical party in
the Western States. The Western States have
never been a Radical stronghold, but, as we have
recently seen, Pennsylvania has turned against
them. The shrewd and far-sighted New Englanders
are beginning to perceive that however loudly their
favourite principles may be proclaimed in Congress
by the Radical leaders, the interests of their trade
and commerce are certainly not benefited by either
Radical eloquence or Radical legislation. It is
this growing conviction throughout the coun-
try which has had something to do with the
altered figures at the elections, where, not-
withstanding all extraneous influences, the feeling
of the more moderate awl practical of the people
is beginning to make itself felt. It is apprehended
that the Fenians will make another attack on
Canada during the New York elections, bat there is
no authority given for the apprehension.
The Secretary of the Treasury has very justly
announced his intention of making a demand upon
the persons from whom the recent 7-30 United
States Bonds were received. It is quite time this
systematic dishonesty in State matters were put a
stop to. Persons appear to think that to defraud
the State coffers is not the same offence as to rob a
private individual. American taxpayers have to
pay pretty heavily for this belief. A better system
of public morality is greatly to be desired and,
however difficult it may ba to obtain it, the first
step to that end will undoubtedly he the discovery
and the chastisement of wholesale and deliberate
offenders.

CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS.

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)
PARIS, Tuesday Evening.

The hopes and aspirations of the Italian insur-
gents who fancied that Victor Emmanuel would
shrink from opposing their machinations against the
Pope are completely overthrown by a proclamation
from the King, in which he unequivocally declares
that he will oppose to the uttermost any attempt at
the " destruction of the spiritual authority of the
head of the Catholic religion." The proclamation
proceeds—" Italy ought to be reassured against the
dangers she may run. Europe should be convinced
that Italy, faithful to her engagements, cannot be
the destroyer of public order. A war with our ally
would be a fratricidal war between two armies who
have fought together in the same cause.
" The right of peace and war belonging to me, I
cannot allow the usurpation of that right. I have,
therefore, confidence that the voice of reason will
be heard, and that the Italian citizens who have
violated that right will come and promptly place
themselves behind the lines of our army.
" When calmness shall be restored to the public
mind, and public order completely re-established,
my Government, in accord with that of France,
will endeavour faithfully, in conformity with the
vote of Parliament, to come to some useful arrangc-
ment calculated to put an end to the grave and
important Roman question."
This proclamation is signed by the King and all
the new Ministers. The composition of the now
Cabinet is as follows :—General Menabrea, Presi-
dent of the Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs ;
M. Gualtcrio, Minister of the Interior ; M. Cam-
bray Digny, Mayor of Florence, Minister of
Finance ; M. Cantelli, Minister of Public Works ;
General Bertole \reale, Minister of War; M. Mari,
Minister of Justice.

The communications with Rome are again inter-
rupted. The Florence despatches state that the
Italian Deputy, De Santis, was killed in the attack
at Viterbo, as well as the Garibaldian chief, Acerbi.
Two other deputies, Messrs. Nicoteva and Mosto,
were seriously wounded during the engagement at
Monte Rotondo.

As far as it is possible to trace the march of
events in Italy, from the mass of contradictory
statements, it appears that Garibaldi passed the
frontier on the 23d. The next day he occupied
Correse, Monte Libreti, and Monte Maggiore. A
junction with his band had been formed by the in-
surgents, under the command of his son Menotti,
Caldesi, Salomone, Mosto, and Friggesi. It was on
the 25th that he arrived at Monte Rotondo, where
the action, already alluded to, took place. On the
26th, having unsuccessfully attempted to carry
Monte Rotondo by assault, he marched with the
mass of his adherents in the direction of Rome.
Monte Rotondo is at such a short distance from
Rome (four leagues) that Garibaldi may have
reached the Iloly City before the French troops, but
no further fact about Garibaldi has to-day reached
Paris. On leaving Florence, Garibaldi said to
Cialdini—" I believe that the ball which will strike
me on the chest will be useful to Italy. 1 cannot
renounce my duty to my country. It is the last
that I shall have to accomplish."

Au account from Passo Corese states that
Menotti Garibaldi has 3,400 men well armed with
him. The interview between Garibaldi and his son
is described as very effecting. The General said
to his son—" I gave you such and such orders. Do
you find them judicious ?" " Perfect," replied
Menotti. " Then Igo in advance," said Garibaldi.
"And we will follow you," said Menotti. Gari-
baldi, after' enjoying a very moderate repast of
broad and cheese at a small inn, where he stopped
but a very short time, marched on with his band.

The very interesting ceremonial of the distribu-
tion of rewards to apprentices and working children

by the Empress took place on Sunday, in exact con-
formity with the programme I sent. Senator Dumas,
in an earnest address to her Majesty, dwelt upon
the importance of training the rising generation to
industry, and spoke eloquently of the charity and
assistance of the Empress. The Archbishop of Paris,
M. Darboy, followed, and made a comprehensive
sketch of the efforts made by those high iu authority
to improve and assist the young. The Archbishop
took a cheering view of the state of modern society.
lie Modern society, no doubt like every-
thing else in this world, had its imperfections and
its hours of failure, but the moral and religious sen-
timent had not abandoned it. It disdained sophis-
tries. if the feet touched the earth, the mind and
the heart touched heaven." Fervent and frequent
acclamations greeted the Empress and the Imperial
Prince. On leaving the Palace her Majesty ex-
pressed great satisfaction at all the arrangements
and deep sympathy with the object in view.
The last autumn meeting at Vincennes of the
Society of Steeplechases of France went Qff very
brilliantly. The Emperor of Austria was present.
The Prix du Polygon° Military Steeplechase,
3,000 fr. (2,000 fr. to the first, 800 fr. to the second,
and 200 fr. to the third) was won by Magenta,
ridden by M. S. Romans. The Duke of Hamilton's
Sly Fox, ridden by M. D'Aubigny, was second.
The Prix de la Ville de Paris, grand autumn
prize, given by the Municipal Council of the City
of Paris, for 5 years and upwards, foaled in France
was won by Said. The Duke of llamilton's Avenay
arrived second.

The Prix des Minimes Handicap, 2,000 f., was
won by Nemesis, belonging to Prince A. Murat;
Ocean IVitch was second.

The Emperor Napoleon and the Emperor of
Austria had a splendid day's shooting on Sunday
at Confians, in the forest of St. Germain. The
Emperor of Austria is one of the best shots in
Europe, and made some hits at long distances which
astonished the natives. The Emperor Napoleon
uses breech-loading guns. The E►nperor of Austria
shoots with guns which are loaded by the muzzle.
They are prepared by six of his servants who ac-
company him in his shooting excursions in coquettish
costumes. During the shooting the party were
agreeably surprised by three vineyard proprietors
in their blouses, bearing baskets filled with the
choicest grapes of the country, which were accepted
with courtesy and pleasure. The Prince de la Mos-
kowa and Prince de Leichstein, who were of the
party, are both capital hands at shooting. The
latter brought down 150 birds. The following
is a list of the game killed during the day :--400
rabbits, 50 deer, 150 hares, 100 partridges, and
1,300 pheasants. The two Sovereigns were every-
where greeted with immense applause.
There are no further details of the accident on the
Great Northern Railway, but I have seen a letter
from Dr. Alibran, who was in the train, which
states that eight Englishmen had either fractured
legs or arms.

There were no lees than 150,000 persons at the
Exhibition on Sunday. The visitors did not all
pay, but many of them belonging to the working
class had free tickets, which the Commission with
its accustomed consideration liberally distributed.
To-day the sight at the Exhibition was very gra-
tifying, at all events to those who admire the great
admonition, " Suffer little children to come unto
me." There were sonic thousands of boys and
girls ; the boys attended by priests, and the girls
by Sisters of Charity and governesses. All classes
are taking advantage of the short time to elapse
before the close of this great spectacle. The Exhi-
bition was so full to-day that it was difficult to
move about.

It is my intention, on the occasion of the closing
of the Exhibition, to enter into a searching analysis
and appreciation of the various articles exhibited.
To-clay however I content myself with a brief general
comparision of English and French products. It is
admitted that the superiority is with France in
many respects. England has shown great advance
in art, taste, and industry, but as a spectacle the
English department is dull and flat compared with
the French. As you advance along the Galerie
M&iilier the most costly, glittering, and splendid
articles meet the eye at every step. Furniture of
unparalleled beauty ou one side, and on the other
the articles of crystal, the tapestry, and the Sevres
china excite equal admiration and astonishment.
The exhibition of the manufacture of Aubusson
forms a fairy palace, with which the Palace of
Aladdin could not bear comparison. Immediately
opposite to it is the exhibition of Messrs. Christofle
and Co., whose house has achieved a triumph which
will mark an important 'era in industrial taste.
Nothing has ever been seen to equal their produc-
tions. The Emperor wished to have the table orna-
ment which I have described at St. Cloud, but
a sufficient abundance of beautiful articles of
their manufacture remains to excite the won-
der and admiration of all. Such a dis-
play of orfeurie has never before been seen.
A little beyond on the same side aro the articles in
the clock-making department, which prove the in-
disputable advance made in France in this branch
of mechanical industry. An inspection of the stand
of M. Detouche must convince every one of this.
It appears that the immense clock sent by that
skilful manufacturer is so admirable in its details
that it has marked the time since it has been placed
in the Exhibition with the precision of a chrono-
meter. It has become a saying in Paris, "If you
want to know the time of day go to the Rue St.
Martin." It is impossible to have better or cheaper
watches and clocks than you can get there. Re-
turning to the English department, I may say that
the leading jewellers of Loudon have exhibited some
good and tasteful articles. Messrs. C. F. Han-
cock, Son, and Co., have, however, fairly attained
the right to take the lead of them, for they have
brought a continued succession of articles of jewel-
lery unparalleled for beauty, originality of design,
and skill in execution. Of course they •had a gold
medal. Had it been sot with diamonds the reward
would not have been too great.