The Sun.
London, England, 1858-01-08 00:00:00

LONDON, FRIDAY, JAN. 8, 1858.

match ; not merely for political reasons, but more
so on account of the fair young Princess for
whose future welfare and happiness all are
anxious, and for her sisters, who may be deprived
of all dear to the female heart in consequence of
an obstinate adherence to the objectionable

system.
We but copy a sentence from the Globe—a
very unusual occurrence, for there are not many
which we would admit into our columns—when
we say that, " with all its greatness and its
charms, Royalty is subject to some irksome penal-
ties from which ordinary persons are free." For
that very reason, the matrimonial alliances that
may be contracted by any of its members, and
which may greatly affect the future government
of the country, are subjects for legitimate comment,
and that privilege we shall continue to exercise
despite the puny efforts of the toady that seeks to
curry favour by its mean and mendacious remarks.
We use the term " mendacious" advisedly,
for the Globe has endeavoured to put a wil-
fully false construction on our statements.
After a little introductory pudding, it says,—
" The writer approaches the more domestic pert
of the subject, and expresses his sympathy for the
Royal Lady, whom he describes as the victim'
of this marriage de convenance." Now the
writer must have known that he was stating
a deliberate falsehood in that respect. We
repeat what we published, and which no hon-
ourable and straightforward gentleman could
torture into anything justifying the gross
misrepresentation above referred to. One pa-
ragraph was as follows :—" We trust that the
daughter of England,' may experience every do-
mestic happiness in her new position, that it may
not be sacrificed to a mere marriage de convenance,
in which her heart has no part. So far as she is
concerned we earnestly hope that every sinister
augury may be averted. And, if we complain of
the system, it is with fervent wishes that she may
not be the first and most illustrious victim."
Let any disinterested and unprejudiced person
compare these passages, and say whether the
writer in the Globe has been guilty of a wicked
and deliberate falsehood, for which if he had any
sense of shame he would make an abject apology.
The Globe states that "it is well known that
the alliance about to take place is the result of
the warmest affection." We know no such thing,
And from the above specimen afforded of the Globe's
veracity, we are not disposed to place implicit
reliance on its assertions. It may be, for we
do not profess to be acquainted with back
stairs gossip or kitchen traditions. But we do
say that if it be the case, it is the result of a
happy accident, which could not reasonably have
been anticipated. It is well known that the
future marriage was arranged before the Princess
was ten years of age—indeed, we believe we might
say at a much earlier period. Now, young ladies
are scarcely capable of knowing their own minds
at that time of life, and the very fact that they
are directed to bestow their affections in
a particular quarter, may excite aversion rather
than love. It is said, "the course of true love
never did run smooth," and that truth, which
has passed into a proverb, has arisen from the
natural opposition between parents and children
on the all-important point, whereon Princesses
do not differ from their more humble sisters.
With regard to the other Princesses and
Princes, the Globe treats our observations as " the
result of gratuitous and malicious assumption, to
support which (it declares) not a single fact
mists." Can the writer ignore the history of
the children of George the Third, both
male and female ? Can he say how many
Royal Princesses were mothers before they were
wives ? How many fine young men were compelled
to sacrifice their happiness in consequence of the
imperious provisions of the Royal Marriage Act, ?
These matters are but too painfully notorious, and
it would be but false delicacy to abstain from allu-
sion to a matter of such vital consequence to those
in whom the nation feels the deepest interest. We
have seen the evil in one generation, and it is
surely time that reasonable precautions should be
adopted to avert it from another.
We know the intense passion for Germanism
in Courtly circles, but that is by no means shared
by the nation. The People are disgusted with
the system, and would gladly see it abolished.
We write for the People. We address ourselves
to their feelings and sympathies, and so long as
they are gratified with our efforts—and we have
every reason to believe that such is the case—we
shall treat the comments of the Globe with the con-
tempt they merit. Ixrx may do for the servant's
halls, but they will be repudiated at the hearths and
homes of independent and high minded Britons.
The Globe makes a polished allusion to a horse-
pond. We only wish that the dastardly writer,
associated with a kindred worthy—for lie would
not try it without considerable odds—would
attempt to carry his suggestion into execution !
We shall be quite prepared for the effort when-
ever he desires to make it.

It often happens in everyday life that the
father must learn from his lad. He has given the

stripling a first-rate education, and ho is not above
supplementing his own early deficiencies by his
son's acquirements. Frequently it is a matter of
pride to him. It is not surprising therefore to
find our Colonial offspring giving their parent a

little useful information now and then. We kept

them under paternal control, till, in point of prac-

tical good sense, they attained their full majority,
and of course may expect that, with all due defer-
ence, and yet with pretty well assured confidence,
they will tell us some useful things. We hope
Lord JOHN RUSSELL therefore, as standing counsel

for our "glorious constitution," will not be above

attending to the remarks of an Australian journal
on his crotchets respecting the ballot.

The Globe has thought proper to read us a lec-
ture concerning the article we published on Mon-
day last respecting the approaching marriage of
the PRINCESS ROYAL. We mention the Globe by
name, not resetting to the despicable evasion of
speaking of " an evening contemporary" when
making a virulent and unprovoked attack on a
journal at least its own equal in every respect,
and, indeed, that is not claiming very much for
ourselves. In every controversy in which we
have engaged, we have treated our opponents
as gentlemen. But we know how to defend our-
selves, and to repel such gross and ungentlema2ily
attacks with the profound contempt which they so
eminently merit. We wrote on a subject of deg)
interest to the nation, and we regarded it in a
thoroughly English and independent spirit.
We did not derive our inspiration from
German sources, or from the servants!
halls, for which the writer in the Glebe is best
fitted. We tell the mean-spirited flunkey, that
every true-hearted Englishman is opposed to the

Argus, shrewdly asks the ex-Premier, " Does a
man vote more conscientiously because he votes

openly ?—and, if he votes according to his con-
victions, how does he vote wrongly ?" Now, we

cannot see how Lord Jorix can answer the former

question in the affirmative, since it would as-
suredly be difficult to prove that our secret duties
are performed less conscientiously than those we
perform before men. We know, at least, that
the Highest of all Authorities has enjoined
secresy, as a condition most favourable of all to
the single-minded performance of duty. The
registration of a vote in the polling-book is surely
a temptation in numberless cases for a man to
record it iu opposition to his real opinions, and
under the influence of some fear or hope which
ought not to bias him. We may truly say that
not even Public Opinion, that is, the opinion
of the great majority, whether of electors or non-
electors, ought to decide his vote, but real
opinion. If he be in a minority of one, he ought
to vote accordingly ; and such a vote, as our con-
temporary observes, could not be a wrong one.
If, however, real opinions are to be expressed by
votes, what becomes of the trustee theory ? We
have, indeed, before pressed the same argument
in another form. Our demand has always been
that the first reform ought to be to make the
votes at elections as far as human law can do it

—REAL TOTES—the real, not the bought or co-
erced votes of the electors. And all human
ingenuity may be defied to devise a more simple
and effectual means to effect this than the Ballot.
And we must tell Lord Jourr respectfully, that
ho and his clique have no real reason for opposing
the ballot, but that it will make the electors free
and independent of the Duke of BEDFORD class.
Our contemporary acknowledge;, as we all
must do, that the right to vote must involve a
corresponding duty—just as the possession of pro-
perty, or of knowledge, must—but it is a duty of
the kind on which no mortal can be judge for
another. Two candidates of opposite opinions
demand our vote. The opinions of one must be
in the main wrong, those of the other right. Yet
if I think the wrong opinions right, ought all the
non-electors, or all the educated gentlemen, or all
the dominant gentry in the place to induce me to
vote on the right side ? There is, perhaps, hardly
a case in which what is right for one man may
be wrong for another, more than in giving a vote at
an election. The duty is so entirely relative to the
most secret convictions of the voter, convictions
which, perhaps, he could ill defend and yet may
strongly feel, that every mau who wishes an
elector simply to do his duty must be an advocate
for the Ballot.
The A rgus lays more stress than any English
journalist would do on the opinion, the statements
we should say, of the Times, as reflecting the
opinions of the majority of Englishmen. We do
not wish to speak disrespectfully of our " Great
Contemporary," but having, in our long life as
journalists, so uniformly found the Times up-
holding every anti-popular view till the eleventh
hour, and having, times innumerable, found it

some fine morning turning suddenly round, with-
out a word of advertence to past errors, and
adopting views which we and other labourers on
the popular side had been long enforcing—having,
we say, been so long accustomed to our contem-
porary's never advocating the rights of the people
till they could be withheld no longer—we, and
Englishmen generally, know that it may be the
eleventh hour of the success of a popular question
and the Times be yet dead against it. The Argus
need not fear that the question is in the position
among electors which it occupies in the banter of
the Times. The Times itself does not thick so.
It will write on laughing at the Ballot, till some
day it will take it into its head b laugh at its
opponents, and to wonder that anyone can be
found to dispute so simple a proposition as that
every man ought to be protected, in voting, from
the tyranny of mobs, of landlords, of bankers, of
creditors, of mortgagees, and of all who might
make use of " undue influence."

Perhaps our friends in Australia, to whom we
owe so much for setting us the right ex tmple, and
for sending us hither an advocate like their practi-
cal Mr. NICHOLSON, are hardly aware of the pro-
gress the Ballot is making amongst electors. Its
stronghold now is the pocket boroughs and the
counties. At the last division, of those present,
with the pairs, 219 voted for the Ballot, and 287
against it ; and this was the greatest number of
votes ever recorded in its favour. The Ballot
question therefore is not retrograding. If we
glance, ever so generally, at the constituencies
which returned anti-Ballot members, it is obvious
enough that the sense of the really free consti-
tuencies is decidedly in its favour. The larger
and more popular constituencies, with a popula-
tion of upwards of eleven millions, and 374,146
electors, sent 53 members in favour of the Ballot,
and only 19 against it. The agricultural counties
on the other hand, where the electors vote to their
landlords' order, containing about the same po-
pulation and the same number of electors, returned
116 members against the Ballot, and only 5 for
it 1 Pretty good evidence who it is that really
fear the Ballot. It should be remembered, how-
ever, that the population, and the landlord con-
stituencies though nearly equal in respect to po-
pulation and electors, return in the former instance
but 72 members, and in the latter 136 1 Had the
popular constituencies returned an equal number
of members with those in the power of the land-
lords, the votes for the Ballot would have been
nearly doubled. One thing our Australian friends
may regard as certain—that we shall have the
Ballo+, and that when it is obtained we shall be
much indebted to Australia for the aid of a prac'
tical example.

His favourite crotchet, as we all know, is his
fancy of trustee electors. Where he picked it up
we can't tell. It seems most like a clever inven-
tion devised to apologise for the denial of an ob-
vious right. In no discussions in Parliament prior
to the demand for the hollot did we ever read of a
nomination of trustees responsible to the unrepre-
sented for representing them aright. So far as
we can remember, the argument has always been
that the suffrage was conferred upon such or such
an electoral qualification, because its possessors
were
national
to be bettor qualified to vote on
questions than the excluded classes. We
appeal to Lord Jonzr RUSSELL himself whether he
did not in the first Reform Bill, and in all his
subsequent abortive reform bills, aim to include
them, as
sasseshwehtousneakgnhz
la:bee electorsa na position
d qualified
whether
he has not always spoken of the exclusion of the
few he thought competent, as an accidental evil,
such as must attend any human arrangement.
If so, then, what becomes of his theory that,
electors are trustees for the non-electors? They
were, as a body, made electors, because they were
presumed to be more competent than the non-
electors. They were entrusted, not with the duty
of voting according to the supposed ignorance of
Lord JOHN'S non•elect, but with the duty of
voting in accordance with their own better know-
ledge.

The Bank of England has at last reduced its
minimum rate of discount from 8 to 6 per cent.

It was time to do so. The directors could no
longer maintain the exorbitant and usurious rate
of discount which they were ready enough to
exact, so long as it was possible to do so, albeit
the trade and commerce of the ration was lan-
guishing under its paralysing influence. They
were, however, subjected to the competition of
Lombard-street, and of the many Joint-Stock
Banks whose proceedings are so obnoxious to the
hard calculators.
The change has not produced any very important
results so far as the Stock Exchange and Money-Mar-
ket are concerned. To use the ordinary phrase, it
had been previously " discounted," and it is pal-
pable that the " Old Lady " will have to make a
further move in the same direction, if she hopes
to obtain a fair share of business. The Bank of
France only charges 5 per cont., and will pri-
bably reduce it to 4. Why should the quasi Na-
tional establishment of Great Britain demand
more ? Why should the trade, commerce, and
manufactures of this country be subjected to an
PP
infliction from which our continental brethren are
exempted ?
It is true that the people should look to matters
in which they are so deeply interested—on which
their welfare and ha
The bullion has been largely augmented, the
reserve of notes
iness so greatly depends.
ex-
changes favourable, and the hoards brought out
Our Australian contemporary, The Melbourneng-
from their hidi considerably enhanced, the
Places. It is surely, then, not too

much to ask that the people should receive some
benefit from the improved prospects of the coun-
try. We shall witness extraordinary prosperity
for a short period, leading to another mania and
another collapse, for these are incidents inseparable
from the existing monetary code, but we may at
least expelite the auspicious part of the cycle ;
the bad one will come too soon, and occasion much
misery on its arrival. Let us try to obtain the
poor compensation that may be obtained before
the cup can be stricken from our parched lips.

MI Excellency the Persian Ambassador, accompanied
by Captain Lynch, and attended by a numerous suite,
occupied the royal box at Drury-lane Theatre last
evening. His excaffincy appeared highly pleased with
the entertainments, and especially with the pantomime.

The Duchess Dowager of Norfolk will return to town
on the 18th, from visiting Lord and Lady Foley at
Worksop Manor, Notts.
The Duchess of Wellington will return to Apsley
House to-morrow, from Strathfieldsaye,

Lord and Lady Ribblesdale have left the St. George's
Hotel, for Brighton.
Lord and Lady Waterpark will come to town on the
18th inst., from Doveridge, Derbyshire.
The Countess of Powis and the Ladies Herbert and

the Earl of Yowls are expected in town on the 18th
inst., from Powis Castle, Montgomeryshire,
EARL GREY.—A. volume of much interest and im-

portance on the subject of the new Reform Bill, giving
his own views on this Important subject by this dis-
tinguished statesman, is now passing through the pres 4,
and will be published by Mr. Bentley, of New Burling-
ton-street, in a few days. This great measure is likely
to engagethe attention of the legislature early on its

reassembling.
THE MARRIAGE OF THE PRINCESS ROYAL.—On

Tuesday last C. Dresser, Esq., Mayor of Coventry,
announced to the Town Council f this city that on the
occasion of the marriage of the Princess Royal he in-
tended to give a free ball at St. Mary's Hall, and a
concert at the Carn Exchange. Two hundred tickets
for the concert will be reserved for the members of the
conned. On the day after the ceremony the whole of
the boys belonging to the free schools will b) treated to
a dinner.—Birmingliam, Daily Pest,
THE OUTWARD PENINSULAR MAIL.—The Peninsular
and Oriental Company a steam-ship Tagus, Capt. Chris-
tian, left Smthamptuo.v,:es'erday with tLe usual Penin-
sular mail, 20 passer4ers, 11,4671. in specie, for Lisbon,
and a general cargo.
THE OVERLAND MAILS.—H.M.S. Caradoc most pro-
bably conveyed the Calcutta and China mails from
Alexandria to Malta, as well as the Government
telegram ; in which ease they will reach London on
Sunday night or Monday morning. Considering the
importance of the intelligence, we trust the Government
will seller no detention to occur at Marseilles, and will

give directions that these mails be forwarded the whole
distance from Marseilles to Boulogne or Calais by special
trains. The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer
Valetta will convey to Marseilles the Bombay portion
of the Indian mails.
LIVERPOOL, Jan. 7.—A. letter has been received from
the Black Ball clipper transport Lightning by a gentle.
man here, which expresses the satisfaction the officers
and troops who went out in her to Calcutta experienced
during her rapid passage of 87 days from the Downs.
The Lightning arrived off the Sandheade on the 231 of
November, after a passage of 87 days. She only lost
one wan, a private.
THE ROYAL CHARTER POE AUSTRALIA —This steamer

sailed from the Mersey last evening for Melbourne, with
400 passengers. Some disappointment was experienced
that she was not detained until next morning, in order
that she might convey answers to Australian letters
which came to hand yesterday per Indian mail, which
reached England last evening.
THE NEW IRISH JUDGE.—LIMERICK, Wednesday.—
The Limerick Reporter and Tipperary Vindicator state
that rumours are prevalent to the effect that the vacant
judgeship has been offered to and accepted by Mr. Ser-
geant O'Brien, M.P. The fact, it true, wilt afford
general sa'isfaction. Already much excitement prevails
in political circles in anticipation of a vacancy in the
representation of this city.—Freeman.
ESCAPE OF A PRISONER FROM THE HOUSE OF COMM)
TlON.—Yesterday about half-past six o'clock, a notorious
co ivict, named Charles Butler, succeeded in breaking
out of the House of Correction, at Wandsworth, Surrey,
n I made good his escape.
It has been stated that a tradesman of Rennes has
been arrested on the charge of endeavouring to obtain
money under false pretences from an English life assur-
ance company. His wife has just been taken into
custody for alleged complicity in the forgery.
THE FATAII POACHING AFFRAY AT ANNESLEY-WOOD.
—Nottingham, Wednesday.—The inquest upon the body
of Ge )rge Winfield, the unfortunate gamekeeper who
was concerned in the affray at Annesley-woo3, a week
ago, and who died on Monday last of a gunshot wound
received daring the encounter with the poachers, was
held yesterday, before Mr. Swann, coroner, at the Blue
Bell Inn, Annesley ; but no evidence being offered, it
was adjourned to Saturday.
A. New Year's gift, in the shape of a purse of 1301.,
has been presented to the Rev. E. B. Squire, Vicar of
Swansea, by a number of his friends and members of his
congregation. This is a pleasing token of good feeling.
The vicar's income is considerably reduced on account
of the lose in burial fees he sustains by the opening of
the cemetery. He is adverti.ing the vicarage house to
let, stating that " by reason of the poverty of the living
it can no longer be maintained."—Swansea Herald.
DISTRESS IN LISBON FROM THE LATE EPIDEMIC OF

YELLOW FEVEIL-By late advises from Lisbon, we learn
that the yellow fever epidemic had at length exhausted
itself, but not until it had carried off nearly 5,000 victims
out of 13,500 attacked. Some idea of the terrible nature
of the malady may be formed from this unprecedentedly
high rate of mortality, but none, except those on the
spot, can have any conception of the distress which the
sickness and deaths combined have produced. The
Consul-General of Portugal, M. Vatizsller, has made an
appeal to the benevolent in this country in favour of the
widows, the orphans, and others who are et thie moment
in a state of the greatest want. Much, however, remains
to be done before it can be said that relief at all ade-
quate to the occasion has been provided.
THE SNAIL DELICACY.-The consumption in Paris of
ensile (escargots) has increased to such an extent as
to injure seriously the oyster trade. The whole side
of the new fish market is devoted to these delica-
cies among shell-fish, the rest being frogs and
ecrivisses. Paris last year used to eat 6,000 baskets of
oysters per diem (the basket holds 12i dozens); it new
only swallows 4,000 panniers : the snails have evicted
the huitre. As complete accuracy is obtainable by the
octroi returns, these facts may be relied one
STATISTICS OF NEW SOUTH WALES.-Turning to our
Australian empire, for so it may be called, we commence
with New South Wales. 'The total population of that
colony in 1855 was 277,579 souls, viz., 158,523 melee
and 119,056 females. The number of births was 10,344,
the nu nber of marriages, 2,765 ; and the number of
deaths, 4,022. In 1855 (to which year our remarks
refer) there were 476 public and private schools, and
14,356 male and 12,878 female scholars, 14,567 immi-
grants arrived at the public expense, and 3,116 at their
o'vn w
14 years), and 4,553 males and females under
that age. The total immigration from 1851 to 1855 (both
inclusive) amounted to 52,816. The total number of
convictions in 1855 was 526. The public revenue
amounted to 1,660,7111. and the public expenditure to
(upwards of (p e'
of whom 6,759 were males, 6,380 females
1,675,0241. The itemsof revenue iucluded 421,735/. from
customs, 641,4321. from general sources (excise duties,
licenses, &c.), and 698,482/. from miscellaneous sources.
83
41,8071. for ecele-
;NU. fur civil esta-
-138,403/. for police, 37,7621. for gaol*,
e 16,3281. for medical,
Thestht
itnee:xin,p ;3:5, d,
3i
3t2u9272.
3f6i;„ included
dufudo
cer
ad
judicial,t 1n a i
27,6861. for gold, 21,0811. for the Mint, 30,1831. for mi-
litaryfor the Sydney sewerage and waterworks,
402,7231. for railways, 187,1211. for immigration ex-
penses, and 73,728/. for the survey, sale, and manage-
-1233a0n1d. naval,
went of Crown lands. 1,152 vessels of 353,423 tons
entered from various countries in 1855, including 134
from the United Kingdom, 136 from New Zealand, 46
from the South Sea Islands, 15 from the fisheries, 56
from the 'United States of America, and 113 from foreign
States. 1,185 vessels of 362,483 tons cleared out in the
same year. 33 vessels were built and 138 registered.
The total value of the imports in 1855 was 4,668,519/
,
(including 2,569,7901., the produce of the mother
country), and that of the exeorts 2 831,130/.
(includ-
ing 2,009,8501., the produce of the colony, inclusive
of gold). A lintof the articles imported and ex-
ported is given in the tables before us, but it is too
long for quotation. The value of the gold exported
in 1855 was 209,250/. (64.384 ounces), against
773,209/.in 1854,1.781,172/ in 1853,2,650,916/. in 1852
and 468.336/. iu 1851. 270,6361. was received from the
ssle of Crown lands. Tne quantity of coal produced in
1855 wan 137,076 tons, valued at 89,083/. Tne num-
ber of pest-of:Beets was 155 ; the extent of postal roads,
1,023,`255 miles ; the total number of letters pissed
through the General Post-office, 2,114,179 ; and the
total number of newspapers, 2,100,989.
The income
of the. Post-office was 24,9021., and the expenditure
60,221/. The total quantity of land under crop in
1855 was 170,070 acres, of which 86,369 acres were
under wheat, A
n
~.,406 under maize, 4,476 under
barley, 1,614
Hader oats, and 9,151 acres under
potatoes,. The produce was-1,335 416 bushels of
wheat, 1,016,494 bushels of maize, 64,887 bushels of
barley, 49,855 bushels of oats, 38,296 tons of pota-
toe., 1,512 cwt. of tobacco, and 43,067 tone of hay.
1,0301 acres were planted with the grape-vine in
1855, and the produce was 115,614 gallons of wine
and 1,426 of brandy. The live-stock included 157,159
horse', 1,858,407 horned cattle, 68,091 swine, and
8,603,499 sheep. There were 31 " boiling-down " este-
bliehmente in 1855, for which 223,134 sheep and 23,459
honied cattle were slauehtered, producing 61,832 cat.
point of tallow. Tanneries, steamship building yards, steam
saw-mills, breweries and soa factories are the principal
factories in a numerical of
view ; and in 1855
there were manufactured 35,760 yards of cloth and
tweeds, 47,435 cwts, of soap, 1,376 cwt. of tobacco, and
119,000 cwt. of refined sugar. The average wages of
labour in 1855 were as follows
(without bard and
lodging), carpenttre 15s. ; smiths, 15s. ; wheelwrights,
15 e ; and bricklayers, 17s. per diem ' • and (with board
aad lodging) from labourers, 301. to 401. a-year ; shep-
herds, 301. to 351. ; plain (women) cooks, 251. to 301. ;
honseinards, 181. to 251. ; laundresses, 251. to 301. ;
. '
nursemaids, 151. to 20/ • general house servants, 201. to
251., and dEi women SEe. , 201. to 241. a-year. All
rates of wages have risen considerably since 1851. The
above statistics refer to the colony of New South Wales
• 3, ,
exclusively. To the other Australian colonies another
paper will be devoted.