The Sun.
London, England, 1858-08-14 00:00:00

TO TIIE NERVOUS AND DEBILITATED.
CHARLES WATSON, M.D., Fellow and Honorary Vicc-Presi-
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ON PHYSICAL DISQUALIFICATIONS, GENERATIVE, INCA-
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BY SAMUEL LA'MERT, M.D.,
37, BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON,
Matriculated Member of the Univei'sity of Edinburgh, Honorary
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" It is impossible that the mutineers should not
feel—and, indeed, they show that they feel—the ul-
timate hopelessness of their situation. It is no longer
a war, it is a bloody and cruel hunt, in which the
hunted wreak all the atrocities of their despair upon
the villages and districts through which they fly.
" The sepoys began with audaciously high aims.
They would, at this moment, be less out of heart,
had they not tried an ambitious game ; had they,
from the outset, contented themselves with that sys-
tem of flight, plunder, and assassination into which
their operations have sunk at last. But they would
hold Delhi, they would rebuild the Mogul Empire,
they would issue proclamations, they would ape a
regular Government and a regular army, they would
invite their followers and well-wishers to judge
them by the open stand they attempted against all
the power of England, and by their success in de-
fending the seats of ancient indigenous authority in
which they had collected their strength. These
scenes, bearing names to conjure with' in the native
imagination, and venerable to Hindoo or Mussulman
by a thousand traditions of eastern grandeur, have
been wrenched from the grasp of the rebels by the
most inadequate numerical forces, and this in the
face of all India, which was, as it were, bidden to the
spectacle, and anxiously watched the result of the
open challenge. The ideas of an equal conflict
are dispelled for ever ; the very prophecies circu-
lated so industriously among a superstitious and
grovelling population, the appeal; made to the books
they were taught to revere, announcing the close of'
our dominion as the decree of destiny reserved
for fulfilment at this exact epoch, all have contri-
buted to deepen the shock which their secret expec-
tations have sustained ; and what was undertaken
with the undisguised profession of the wildest hopes
is now persevered in from the dictates of equally
undisguised despair.
" The rebels themselves feel the rebellion, in all its
original purposes, to be a grand failure. And if we
add, the death of nearly all the leaders who first
duped them into their career of infructuous and un-
availing crimes, we can realise the despondency
which has succeeded to sanguineness.

" But, if all this be true in a military sense, it is not
less true that the thorough unmanning and dis-
couragement of the enemy is highly unfavourable
to our cause,' and renders the pacification and re-
settlement of the country the more difficult.
" So complete are the disruption and demoralisation
of the ex-armies of the sepoys, that, with the excep-
tion of Oude, and of that large force which Sir
Hugh Rose has been driving headlong before him
for more than forty days, over many hundred miles
of country, those armies make no longer the least
pretence to their recent character, and have broken
up into robber gangs, with whom murder, not battle,
is a possibility; and the plunder of isolated than-
nabs and zemindaries, not the seizure of great fast-
nesses, the only remaining ambition. To follow all
these gangs in detail through their devious maraud-
ings would necessitate such a sub-division of our
forces as their numbers would render highly impru-
dent. In our last overland summary we described
the career of the last sepoy army deserving the
name, which still affected to keep the field, after Sir
Hugh Rose had beaten it out of Calpee, and sent it,
denuded of artillery, broken, although desperate, and
abandoning its wounded along the track of its flight
to Gwalior. There, it had to deal with only our
native allies, the troops of Scindiab, two-thirds of
whom behaved like cowards or traitors, and left their
Maharajah in the midst of an engagement. We then
expressed a hope that, flushed with this temporary
success so soon after their overthrow, the rebels
might be infatuated enough to wait for Sir Hugh
Rose, and give him battle again.

" Our hopes have been realised. On the 19th of
Tune Sir Hugh Rose dated from the Palace of Gwa-
lior a new despatch announcing a decisive victory
after five hours' fighting. Our overland summaries
have been lately filled with the name of this most
capable and strenuous soldier ; and we trust that the
gratitude of his country, never slow to pick out
merits so real and so splendid as his, may avail itself
of this opportunity to encourage emulation by the
unstinted rewards conferred upon an illustrious ex-
ample. What adds to the merit of his last achieve-
ments is, that he was ill, and it was supposed that
Brigadier Napier would have been obliged to under-
take command.

" He captured 16 guns, 70 elephants, and a great
quantity of warlike stores, in the combat to which
we have adverted ; and Brigadier Napier, a very
vigorous, accomplished, and able soldier, pursued the
runagates, and captured 25 guns more and other mu-
nitions, three days later. The rebels were reported
to have taken a westerly direction ; but they had
not reached, as was at first supposed, Jeypore or
Bhurtpore. The whole of the fugitives from Gwa-
lior reached Hindoun on the 24th ult., and two days
afterwards they were estimated, with camp followers,
at 15,00 Q. From Agra troops were following them.
The Governor-General meantime proclaimed, in jus-
tifiably haughty terms, the quick re-instalment
of Scindiah in his Maharaj.

" The outbreak in Bombay has been vigorously
repressed, and the chief of Nurgoend and others have
been hanged, and unless some of the numerous
beaten gangs now wandering over the country make
their way towards the north of the Deccan, and con-
trive to raise the Nahrattas, we believe the Western

By the arrival of the Calcutta mail at Marseilles
we (Times) have received our private correspondence
from India and China. The following is the letter
of our Calcutta correspondent :
" CALCUTTA, JULY 3.
" Gwalior fell upon the 19th ofJune. On the 17th
an engagement was fought in the cantonment of
Morar, of which we are as yet totally without parti-
culars. On the 18th Brigadier Smith, who was ad-
vancing from Sepree with his brigade, was attacked
by a division of the insurgents, headed by the Ranee
of Jhansi. This girl, barely 20 years of age, has
been all her life immured in the seraglio. She was,
however, absolute in her domains, and, like most
Asiatic women in the same position, gave herself up
to the most extreme licentiousness. Her rooms, it is
said, when entered by the troops, were hung with
pictures such as pleased Tiberius at Capri. Whatever
her vices she had energy and courage, and while
Tanteea Topee prepared for flight, she led her own
retainers and some sepoys to the attack. They re-
fused, however, to stand in the plain, and retreated
towards the low hills, and finally on the Phoolbagh.
Two troops of the Bth Hussars followed at speed
through a narrow ravine to the camp, and there
drove a body of the fugitives to bay. The Ranee
and her sister, in men's clothes, headed the defence,
and were both slain in the first charge. The Hussars
were all armed with revolvers, which did terrible
executibn.!VOlne- 400 of the enemy were killed,
the tents were set on fire, and-it was not till the
little band had spiked three of the guns and found
themselves enveloped by the rebels that they re-
tired. They had lost five men, and about ten more
perished from sun-stroke and fatigue. In the even-
ing Sir llugh Rose, with the Central India field
force, joined the Brigadier. On the following
morning the enemy again attacked, but after
a desperate struggle were driven back by her Ma-
jesty's 95th. The 86th were advanced to support,
and both regiments, half marl with excitement,
charged the enemy up the bill under a heavy fire,
seized the standing camp at the top, and awaited
orders. Sir Hugh Rose moved his cavalry and
artillery up the hill, and the sepoys, disheartened by
the loss of the position, by the death of their only
capable leader, and by the appearance of reinforce-
ments, showed symptoms of confusion. They were
observed by Sir Hugh Rose, the whole army was let
loose and swept down into the plain. The enemy
fled, the city and standing camp were seized, and the
fort alone remained. During the night this also was
deserted, except by some fanatics, who next morning
charged on the 25th, the Bombay Native Infantry.
They were all killed, with the loss of Lieutenant
Rose on our side, and the fort was in our hands. On
the same day, the Maharajah, escorted by the
Hussars, was conveyed to his palace amid the accla-
mations of the people. His officers returned to their
duties, his harem arrived in safety, and on the 22d
the traces of the revolution had disappeared from
Gwalior. The enemy fled, part towards Jeypore,
and part to Joura, north-west of the city. Thither
they were followed by Colonel Napier, the officer
selected to command the fbrce during the illness of
Sir Hugh Rose. Cumbered with guns which they
would neither desert nor defend, they were over-
taken on the 22d, and the whole of their artillery,
25 pieces, fell into our hands. Sixteen more were
taken in the Lushkur on the 19th, and the enemy
are reduced to a few light camel guns, not of much
use against the Mime. The remaining division
when last heard of was at Hindoun, and it was still
doubtful whether they would make for Jeypore
or Bhurtpore. The latter is more probable. The
fortress has an old reputation, the population are
warlike, and though the fortifications are now only
of earth, they are still defensible. They cannot enter
the town without the consent of the local soldiery,
but after the example of Gwalior it is impossible to
rely on any body of native troops. The Governor-
General has issued the following order on the
occasion :

FOREIGN DEPARTMENT, ALLAH ABAD,
. Jurin 24.
The Right Hon. the. Governor-General has the hiubest
gratification in announcing that the town and fort of Gwa-
lior were conquered by Major-General Sir Hugh Rose on
the 19th inst. after a general action, in which the rebels who
bad usurped the authority of Maharajah Sciudia were totally
defeated. On the 10th June the Maharajah Scindia, at-
tended by the Gcivernor-General's agent for Central India
and Sir Hugh Rose, and escorted by British troops, was
restored to the palace of his ancestors, and was welcomed by
his subjects with every mark of loyalty and attachment. It
was on the Ist of June that the rebels, aided by the treachery
of some Of 'Maharajah Sciudia's troops, seized the capital of
his Highness's kingdom, and hoped to establish a new go-
vernment under a pretender in his Highness's territory.
Eighteen'clays had not elapsed before they were compelled to
evacuate the towp and fort of Gwalior, and to relinquish the
authority which they had endeavoured to usurp. The
promptitude and success with which the strength of the
British Government has been put forth for the restoration of
its faithful ally to the capital of his territory, and the conti-
nued presence of British troops at Gwalior to support his
Highness in the re-establishment of his administration, offer
to all a convincing proof that the British Government has
the will and the power to befriend those who, like Maha-
rajah Scindia, do not shrink from their o'iligations, or hesi-
tate to avow their loyalty. The Right Hon. the dovernor-
General; in order to mark his appreciation of the Maha-
rajah Seindia's friendship, and his gratification at the re-
establishment of his Highness's authority in his ancestral do-
minions, is pleased to direct that a royal salute shall be fired
at every principal station in India.
"' By order of the Right Hon. the Governor-General of
India.
(Signed) "G. F. liIIIIONSTONE.'
And the Commander-in-Chief in another :
" GENERAL ORDER BY THE COAIMANDER-IN-CHIEF
ON THE CAPTURE OP OWALIOR.

ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S-OFFICE,
CALCUTTA, JUNE 2G.
"'The Commander-in-Chiefcongratulates Major- General
Sir Hugh Rose very heartily on the successful result of his
rapid advance on Gwalior.
"‘ 2. The restoration of the Maharajah Scindia to his
capital by the force under the command of the Major-
General is a happy termination of the brilliant campaign
through which the Central India Field Force has passed
under his able direction.
"3. That campaign ha; been illustrated by many en-
gagements in the open field, by the relief of Saugor, the
capture of Ratghur, Sbagbur, and Chundehree; by the
memorable siege of Jbansi ; by the fall of Calpee, and, lastly,
by the re.tccupation of Gwalior.
66 4, Hit Execiloacy again camCslii3 hearty thanks Bad

W. MAYIIEW, Lieutenant-Colonel, Adjutant-
General of the Army."
The Commander-in-Chief is too chary of his
praise. Sir Hugh Rose has done wonders, and has
proved that constant service in the bureaudoes not
always disqualify a general for the field.
The fall of the city has had a most excellent effect.
All kinds of scoundrels who were raising their heads
in Etawah, Agra, and Mynpoorie, have subsided
again. Lej Sing, the rebel Rajah of the last-named
district, has surrendered, only stipulating for a trial
before execution, and there is a general change of
tone in the North-west. Oude is now the last hope
of the insurgents. Everywhere else their military
power is shattered or destroyed. Tanteea Topee,
who alone has an army, has no guns. The petty
leaders who in almost every district keep up an-
archy and render the collection of revenue im-
possible have no military power. Ununur Singh,
who is•harassing Behar, has not 1,000 men left.
The 6,000 rebels at Soraon, near Allahabad,
are only formidable becatise they can escape
when threatened into Oude. Keer Singh is.
dead. The Ranee of Jhansi has been
killed. The Moulvie, who commanded at Mahum-
dee, has been decapitated by the zemindars or
Powaeen, the Nana is skulking, and. Feroze Shah,
the Delhi Prince, does not venture to leave Oude.
He, I am told, is now the hope of the mutineers, and
as the last son orithe house of Timour commands the
sympathies of all Mahoznedans. In Oude itself the
position is ;as bad as it can well be. There are re-
gular armies at Bareitch, at Fyzabad, at Khyrabad,
and moving along the southern frontier. We hold
only the capital and Nawabgunge, where Sir 11.
Grant on the 13th inst. gained a victory. The
Begum and her paramour, Mumnoo Khan, had ad-
vanced too near the capital. Sir H. Grant there-
fore resolved to disperse them. The sepoys at-
tempted to defend a small bridge over a ravine, but
slunk away under the fire of the Horse Artillery.
Sir H. Grant crossed, but only to find himself at-
tacked by a mob of armed budmashes, the generic
name in India for men who in Europe were once
called " bravos." These men, actuated by some un-
intelligible caprice, stood up to the contest in the
open lain, met the 60th Rifles hand to hand, and
almost beat back a cavalry charge. They were,
however, dispersed with the loss of seven guns, and
the Begum disappeared. In all other districts Bri-
tish authority is powerless. Maun Singh is besieged
near Fyzabad for being supposed friendly to the
British, and all zemindars who express a willingness
to submit are massacred. The scene is a painful
one, but we can do nothing till the arrival of the
cold weather and of the reinforcements expected in
October.
Your readers must not imagine that because Oude
is the last province left to conquer the other pro-
vinces of the North-West are at peace. Except in
Rohilcund and the Delhi division there is no peace
anywhere. In Delhi the wonderful organising
faculty of Sir John Lawrence has re-established
regular government, and there is as much order as
in the Punjaub. In Rohilcund the landholders have
submitted, and are hunting the sepoys. Everywhere
else orderis maintained only by the sabre's edge, and
the revenue is collected by military force. A wide
amnesty is, however, to be issued in a few days in
Bundlecund, and that province will be closed against
intrigue. In the remaining districts we are slowly
organising bands of light horse, chiefly Sikh, and
with the reconquest of Oude the last hope of the
Pindarees will be taken away. We shall then have
leisure for that reorganisation which has become so
indispensable. The Commander-in-Chief has offi-
cially confirmed the statement that his plan of cam-
paign was overruled by the Governor-General.
There is some nonsense talked in India about this.
Since the empire was founded the Governor-General
has always planned the campaign. Warren Hastings
never consulted anybody, except when he had Sir
Eyre Coote by his aide. Lord Dalhousie most cerr
tainly drew up his own plans, and used- to writ-
terrible letters to urge General Godwin, in Pegu, to
adhere to them, instead of to his somewhat anti-
quated ideas of warfare. In truth, it cannot be
otherwise. The Governor-General is, and must be,
an absolute sovereign, and to give the Commander-
in-Chief the power to dictate in all military arrange.
ments is simply to create two rulers.
"We have bad news from Behar. After his suc-
cesses at Jugdespore, Sir E. Lugard's force was bro-
ken up, Brigadier Douglas moving to Benares, and
he himself to Jugdespore. The enemy, who had
retreated towards Benares, immediately doubled
back and made for Jugdespore. Colonel Douglas
was recalled, but was unable to move, having only
about 90 Europeans fit for duty. The rebels near
Shergbotty encountered a body of 150 prisoners,
sent under escort to Sasseram. The Nugeeb guard
of 50 men, recently levied, immediately fraternized,
murdered the Darogah, and released the prisoners.
The rebels then divided, Ameer Singh proceeding to
Jugdespore, while a detachment invaded Gya. The
former compelled Captain ltattray, with his Sikhs,
who had been left by Sir E. Lugard to watch the
jungle, to retreat, and began murdering the coolies
who were cutting roads. They mutilated a number,
and the remainder fled. One unhappy wretch was
seen by a European—l can prove this—buried up to
his neck, for the kites to pick out his eyes. He was
quite dead. All natives serving with Government
are threatened with the same treatment, till there has
been a general panic among employes. The latter
body marched to Gya, bribed the gaol guard, released
the prisoners, and left the town, which they were
afraid to attack. They are now near Tikaree,
apparently besieging the Ranee, an old lady of
enormous wealth. The people are not by any means
disposed to side with them, but they seem cowed,
and in the last four months 9,000 of them have
arrived in Calcutta on their way to the Mauritius.
They bring their women, a thing they never would
do before, and will probably settle in the island.
The colonial Government are still crying for more,
and what with our own troops, Ameer Singh, and
emigration, society in Bhojpore will be as much
changed as society in Connaught.
" The necessity of defendidg Bengal seems at last
to be recognised. We have now 2,600 men in Cal-
cutta, 1,700 in Dumdum, 900 in Barrackporc, and
1,200 sailors scattered over some 13 stations. These
men have been just attached to the Indian navy,
thereby coming under martial law, and are to be in-
creased to- 2,000. A. force of European policemen
is also, it is said, to be organised in each division,
the divisional battalions being abandoned as unsafe
instruments. It is still necessary, however, to or-
ganise a native force for Behar, where we have ob-
viously not sufficient strength to keep down the
armed classes.
" A curious question has been recently decided by
the Supreme Government. Koer Singh's estates
were heavily mortgaged. Are the mortgages ex-
tinguished by the act of confiscation ? Government
has decided that they are—a decree which throws
part of the punishment for rebellion on innocent
persons. The consequence in some districts will be
to ruin the people, who have not rebelled, as well as
the landholders who have. Moreover, by this ex-
tinction of all deeds, confiscation, nominally confinedh
to the landholder, extends to the whole of 15
tenantry. All subholdings disappear as in a Govern-
ment sale, and the district as well as the family are
ruined. Ido notquite see the remedy, but the na-
tives think the zemindar's right only should be
extinguished, as when a native sovereign transfers
a jaghire.
hasm
o
ve-
ts, though me`n` Nottlseingo it is
is knownyet
Lord Canning',
thatdeann b
inge's
reported of
L
t
re-
signed. Ido not believe the statement."

CHINA.

HONG KONG, JUNE 22

The steamer Pekin, with the mail of the 10th of
May, arrived on the 19th inst. The Cadiz, with the
outward mails, leaves to-day.
His Excellency Baron de Chassiron was passenger
by the Pair). We understand he has come out on
a special mission to Baron Gros. We also hear thit
5,000 French troops have been ordered out for ser-
vice in these parts.
Our dates from the Peiho are to the 11th inst.
In our last we advised that it was the intention to
advance the allied forces on to Tien-sin. We are
glad to be able to report that this was accomplished
without any resistance being shown by the Chinese
after the taking of the forts at the mouth of the riot r.
Several steamers were anchored off the town, and.a
position had been taken up on shore, where the Am-
bassadors rea lodged with a pia of honour, The

Cotton.---Sales of Bombay, 3,700 bales. Quota-
tions arc, Bombay mid. to good new, 11 tacls 7 pice
to 11 tacls 9 pice ; fine, 12 tacls 1 pice to 12 tacls
5 pice.

Cotton yarn.-685 bales sold. Nos. 16 to 24, 30
dols. to 32 dols. 50c.; Nos. '2B to 32, 35 dols. to
37 dols. 50c. ; Nos. 38 to 42, 37 dais. 50c. to 40 dols.
50c.

Shirting .-11,000 pieces reported sold. Prices of
whites unaltered ; grays quoted 2 dols. 15c. to
3 dols. 2c.

Rice is quoted lower. Bengal, 1 dol. 85c. to
2 dols. sc. ; 90,000 picwls sold.
In tea the transactions in old condou haVe been
trifling; small musters of 12 chops of new season
congou have arrived, and three chops in full. The
teas are mostly second class, but one or two chops
are of fine quality, although inferior to last year's
teas in make. Within the fortnight a considerable
quantity of new tea is likely to be placed on the
market if political accounts from the North are satis-
factory. Some of the fine teas sent to Shanghai last
year it is reported will be brought to Canton this
year. No offers have as yet been made for the new
arrivals.

_At .M.I:a;) Yo. 1 Canton silk is quoted 280 dols.
Amoy advices are to the 17th inst. Cotton yarn
was in good demand.

From Foo-chow our advices are to the 15th inst.
The market for the new teas had opened, and 24
chops—about 5,000 chests—were settled for taels 21.5
to 23.5, short price. The quality of the teas that have
yet been received is not first class. Finest Kisows
were likely to be scarce, and it was doubtful if any
would be brought to market.
Our Shanghai advices are to the 14th inst.
Shirting?.—Deliveries for the fortnight 31,000
pieces ; stock estimated at 480,000 pieces. In black
tea no transactions reported. 6,500 packages greens
settled at previous rates. No musters of new tea had
been received.

There had been no transactions in old silk, and no
quotations are given. The favourable reports of the
new silk are confirmed. Bale musters had arrived.
No prices yet settled, foreigners holding off.
Exchange on England 6s. ld., first-class bills;
credits, 6s. IF]. to 6s. 2d.; on India, 288 to 289 rs.
Freights, £3 10s. for tea, and I'6 for silk.
Exchange on England has ruled here at 4s. 61d.
to 4s. qd.; on India, 215 to 216 rs.
Bullion.—Sycce silver, 8 per cent. pm.; bar silver,
91 per cent. pm.; gold leaf, 823 40c. per tivl.
Total export of tea to Great Britain is 76,000,000
lbs., and of silk 69,000 bales.
advices arc to the 15th inst. Current
clayed sugar, $6. Exchange on England, 4s. for six
months' sight bilis.
Our latest dates are, from England, 10th of May ;
Singapore, 12th June; Calcutta, 24th of May;
Bombay, 30th of May ; 15th of June;
Melbourne, 15th of April; Sydney, 10th of April ;
Shanghai, 14th of June.

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.
Snips OF WAR.
At Hongkong.—The British frigate Nankin, the steamers
Retribution, Esk, Fury, and Hesper; the French steamer
Dordogne; the American steamer Mississippi; and the
Dutch steamer Belli.
Macao.—The Portuguese lorcha Amazons, and the French
steamer. Remi.
Antey.—The British brig Elk and the steamer Inflexible.
Foo-chow.—The British brig Acorn, and the Portuguese
brie Mondego.
Ningpo.—The British steamer Surprise.
Shanghai. —The British steamers Cruiser and Higbflyer,
and the French gunboat Mitraille.
Canton River.—The British frigates Actress and Ame-
thyst; the brigs Bittern and Camilla; the steamers Sans-
pareil, Hornet, Tribune, and Volcano; the gunboats d
Alge-
rine, Clown, Drake, Haughty, Dee, Plover, Starling, a
Watchful ; the French frigate Caprieleuse ;. the steamersn
Catinat, Marceau, and Lit: ; the American frigate German-
town.
. .

of Pechelee.—The British ship Calcutta; the frigate
Pique ; the steamers Cormorant, Coromandel, Furious,
Nimrod, and Sampson • the British gunboats Banterer,
Bustard, Firm, Kestrel, Opossum, Slaney, Staunch,
and Woodcock; the French frigate Nernesls, steamers Auda-
dense, Durance, Gironde, La Place, Alcurthe, Phlegetimnt
Present, and Prirnauguet ; gunboats Alarm, Avalanche,
Dragonne, and Fusee; the American steamers Minneota,
Powhattan, and Antelope; the Russian frigate Askold and
steamer America.

ARRIVALS FROM GREAT BRITAIN.
At Hongkong, June 6.—The Levanter, from Sunderland.
June 10, the Acme!, from Hartlepool.
Shanghai, June 3.—The Mirage, from London. June 4,
the Wellington, from London. Jane 12, the Danis Hill,
from London, and the Beemah, from Liverpool.
DEPARTUES TO GREAT BRITAIN.

From Wharnpoa, June B.—The Ireland, for London.
June 9, the Fanny Nicholson, for Liverpool.
Macao, June 14.—The Hineloo, fur London.

EGYPT.
ALEXANDRIA, AVG , 5.

In my last letter I wrote of the state. of anxiety
that prevailed throughout the country lest a re-
awakening of the religious fanaticism of the people
should give rise to disturbances. This danger has
happily passed away. On the Ist inst. her Majesty's
ship Princess Royal arrived here from Malta, and is
now at anchor off the port, but there fortunately
appears to be not the slightest chance of her services
being called into requisition for our protection.
Even from Gaza we have had no further reports to
keep alive the first feelings of alarm, and most people
are convinced that the accounts received thence were
grossly exaggerated, and that the disturbance arose
rather from a sudden panic among the ChriAians