The Sun.
London, England, 1858-04-24 00:00:00

No. 3.

The Attorney-General to the Earl of Malmesbury.—
(Received April 19.)
Temple, April 17, 1853.
My Lord,—l was favoured with your lordship's com-
mands signified in Mr. Hammond's letter of the 25th
March ultimo, in which he stated that he was directed by
your lordship to transmit therewith the correspondence
respecting the capture, imprisonment, and trial by the
Neapolitan Government of two British subjects serving as
engineers on board the Sardinian merchant-steamer Cagli-
ari i together with a copy of the indictment preferred
against them, and a volume entitled " Sulla Preda del
Cagliari," published by the Neapolitan Government, and
a further volume entitled " Difesa del Cagliari," published
by the owners of the vessel.
Mr. Hammond also stated that he was to reauest that I
would, together with the Queen's Advocate and the Soli-
citor-General, take the papers into consideration, and re-
port to your lordship my opinion whether the capture of
the Cagliari was legal.
In obedience to your lordship's commands, I have
taken the papers into consideration, and have the honour
to report—
That, lamenting the difference which exists between
myself and the other law officers of the Crown, my clear
and decided opinion is, that the capture of the Cagliari
was contrary to the law of nations.
Circumstances invest this case with extraordinary im-
portance, but it does not appear to me that they present
any peculiar difficulty as to the facts or as to the law upon
which the question now submitted arises.
The printed papers of the Neapolitan Government before
me are indeed voluminous ; but though they overlay, they
cannot effectually disguise, much less alter, the simplicity
of the issue to be determined. _ . .

It appears that in the case of the Cagliari the main facts
are undisputed ; and the proposition of international law
which applies to them is elementary, and has beenhitherto
uncontroverted.
The main facts are— _ .. .

1. That at the time of the capture of the Cagliari, pa-
cific relations subsisted between Sardinia and the Two
Sicilies.
2. That the Cagliari was a private merchant-vessel, well
known to the captors as belonging, on accountof her oc-
cupations, in a marked and special manner to the Com-
mercial Marine of Sardinia.
3. That under force and daresis she bad been compelled
to land convicts and rebels upon the Neapolitan coast.
4. That at the time of her Capture she was neither de
facto nor de j ure, piratically employed.
5. That she was seized upon the high seas, within no
territorial jurisdiction, after a display of force, and the
menace of a shot fired at her by a ship of war belonging to
the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
I have said that these facts are uncontroverted, and such
is in truth their character ; but it may be well to notice
in this place a suggestion—it is scarcely more—that the
" Cagliari" voluntarily surrendered herself. It is in the
first place clear, that the international right of a State
=root be abrogated by the act of an individual subject. But
in the second place, the notion of a voluntary surrender on
the part of a merchant vessel, because she obeyed the
orders of a ship of war which haul fired at her and taken
her in tow, as in the present instance, by an armed boat, is
really unworthy of any serious comment. It is, to borrow
the expression of the late Secretary of State for Foreign
Affairs (page 63, No. 79, of the papers laid before Parlia-
ment), a mockery.
Taking, then, these main facts as incontrovertible, and
practically uncontroverted, it remains to state the princi-
ples of international law by which they are governed; and
it is expedient to observe that no question arises as to
what might be the principles of this law. Whether they could
bo precisely the same, or in any or what degree modified, or
wholly different, in the case of a vessel seized after a pur-
suit, beginning in territorial waters, and from which pur-
suit, so begun, the pursued vessel had escaped ; or in the
case of a vessel seized within territorial waters of the
captor.
Having reference, then, to the facts of the present case,
the propositions of international law applicable to them
appear to me the following :-
1. That the merchant vessels of every State on the high
seas are subject to the jurisdiction of the State to which
they belong.
"All nations," says Lord Stowell, " being equal, all
have an equal right to the uninterrupted use of the unap-
propriated parts of the ocean for their navigation.
In places where no local authority exists, where
the subjects of all States meet upon a footing of
entire equality and independence, no one State, or any of
its subjects, has a right to assume or exercise authority
over the subjects of another. I can find no authority that
gives the right of interruption to the navigation of States
in amity upon the high seas, excepting that which the
rights of war give to both belligerents against neutrals."
2. That the right of search is, as a general rule, strictly
belligerent in its character, and cannot be exercised in
time of peace.
3. That the only exception is the case of professed
pirates ; that exception being founded on the fact that
pirates are always enemies of every State, and, therefore,
are equally subject to the jurisdiction of every State.
4. That a merchant vessel regularly incorporated in the
marine of a State, does not become a pirate by having been
itself forcibly seized by pirates; nor does she, when having
escaped from pirates, and forthwith returning to her law-
ful occupations from which, 'by force of arms, she had been
temporarily diverted, become liable to be seized as prize
upon the high seas.
5. That under circumstances of vehement suspicion of
piracy, the usage of States has allowed, though with the
most jealous reluctance, the right of approach, for the pur-
pose of ascertaining the national character of the vessel.
That if that character be clearly commercial—if the
State to which she belongs be undoubted—if her employ-
ment at the time of so ascertaining her nationality be law-
ful, then a suspicion of past unlawful conduct does not
justify seizure in time of peace, but does justify applica-
tion for inquiry to the proper authority and jurisdiction of
the State to which she belongs.
Tried by these tests, the forcible capture of the Cagliari
was clearly illegal.
If that capture was illegal, the jurisdiction of the Court
of the Two Sicilies was never founded ; the proceedings
before them were therefore null and void.
The argument that though the capture was illegal, the
jurisdiction over the ship, howsoever obtained, might be
wall founded, appears to me to labour under two capital
errors :-
Ist. It builds theright of a State upon a wrongful act of
that State ; 2ndly. It confounds two distinct things—the
municipal relations of a Court to the Government of the
State to which it belongs, and the mutual international
relations of two States.
It remains to observe upon the practice of States as well
as upon the law.
The practice appears to me to confirm the law in this
instance.
First, as to the Carlo Alberto, cited in the Neapolitan
proceedings.
The " Carlo Alberto," after having landed, on the
southern coast of France, the Duchess of Berry and
several of her adherents, with a view of exciting civil war
in that country, put into a French port; but even, though
persons admitted to be conspirators were taken out of the
vessel, she being then in the French territory, and, unlike
the Cagliari, being originallyemployed upon a hostile if not
a piratical expedition, was, nevertheless, not condemned
by the French Courts, but was remitted to the jurisdiction
of her own country—Sardinia.
In the case decided in England, the Le Louis, where a
French vessel had been seized by English cruisers for
carrying on the African slave trade after that trade
had been abolished by the internal laws cf
France, and by the treaty between Great Britain
and France, the sentence condemning her a as reversed, and
Lord Stowell said, "It is pressed as a difficulty, what is
to be done if a French ship laden with slaves for a French
port is brought in ? I answer, without hesitation, restore
the possession which has been unlawfully divested ; re-
scind the illegal act done by your own subject, and leave
the foreigner to the justice of his own country."
The same law has been laid down by the United States.
In the case of the affair of the Terceira, in 1829, in which
Portuguese refugees, in contravention of British law, fitted
out armed vessels in British territorial waters, and were
pursued by a British ship off Terceira, they were merely
prevented from landing on that island the armed force so
illegally collected in British waters; and no jurisdiction
was attempted to be exercised over the ships themselves,
and even this amount of interference was considered by
high authorities at the time to have been an excess of
power on the part of Great Britain.
The conclusion, therefore, to which I am irresistibly led
both from international law and practice, is, that the cap-
ture of the " Cagliari" was illegal.
Both Sardinia and Eng tland are indeed boundret
so afford
otve
redress, if wrong has been done by I!ei!'
wt
subjects, and to entertain any complaint
Two Sicilies may have t? urge
against
to use to-
hich
reason of the acts of their subjects ;
the
ye
wards that State the judicial la-nguage of Lord

The Shakspearian Club celebrated its 34th anniversary at
iaa
sp uobfl itch
er
ti reacting
no
ef ,roant
ieo
Ssotii:aotffoordneyoefsttehredagyr.eatTehsterterawgeads
of
Shakspere's plays in the afternoon by the Rev Julian Young,
which was well attended, and a dinner at Shaksper 's Hall,
under the presidency of Mr. J. Buckstone, of the Haymarket
Theatre, who wag supported by a numerous company.
In proposing the piineipal toast after dinner Mr. Duel:-
ATONE spoke as follows :—Geutlemen, to give the toast of the
evening in the way that the subject requires—to illustrate
that toast with all the eloquence and fervid feeling it de-
mands—calls for intellectual and poetical qualities that, be-
lieve me, I do not possess ; yet, as you have so -greatly hon-
oured me by your invitation to preside at this festival—an
honour which I never could have dreamt would have been
conferred upon me—and having bad the temerity to accept
the invitation, it is now my duty nst to flinch, but to stand
to my gun like a Briton ; and if some of my shots fly wide of
the mark, I will do my best to make some of them hit.
(Cheers.) It is now one-and-twenty years since I first Visited
Stratford. From that time until within the last three or four
years, whether I may have been at Birmingham, Leamington,
dole.
gthatnf
nyl pdluateye
tnear
enjoythi s
at town,
here,, I hav esnadlwalyasssfulrte it to
that
beaat
the happiest hours of my life have been passed in this pic-
turesque and primitive town and neighbourhood. I but state
this tha: you may feel I have the proper veneration for the
memory of our Shakspere, by never omitting any oppor-
tunity of visiting his birthplace, and that beautiful Church
where his yet unisturbed dust reposes. It is pleasant at a
meeting like this to celebrate the birthday of our greatest
English dramatic poet, to see that it is kept as it ought to
be, with feelings of gratitude and affection, ant in the way
that we keep the birthday of our dear friends and relations
that we love. Laigh Hunt, iu his " Indicator," of 1820,
writing on Shakspere's birthday, hoped the time might come
when it should be a subject of public rejoicing when the re-
gular feast should be served up, the bust crowned With laurel,
and the theatres sparkle with illuminations. He also sug-
g, sted to the then mauager of Drury-lane Theatre, Mr. El is-
ton, that if he would light up the front of his theatre
with the name of " Shakspere " on the 23d of April, he would
warrant the manager a call from the pit, and whole =bouts of
acknowledgment. Gentlemen, much of this genial and now
venerab'e writer's hope is realised. I know of several festi-
vals in London to-day to celebrate ,he oc asion, to say nothiag
of the festival here, while, to realise Leigh Hunt.'s suggestion
to the manager at the time the paper was written, I feel
much pleasure in telling you that the front of the Haymarket
Theatre, in London, of which I have the lioaour to be the
lessee, is this evening illuminated. (Cheeers.) The il'umina-
Ural consists only of these words, " April 23d—Shakespeare's
Birthday "—though, if the pit was to honour me, with a call
to-night, there would be some little d:fficulty n my appearing
before it. (Laughter.) And, gentlemen, I know it will
please you to hear that, as the Haymarket is essentially a
comedy house the play there to-night is " Much Ado About
Nothi while at the Princess's Mr. C. Kean gives " A Mid-
summer Night's Dream." (Cheers.) Inmy boyhood, gentle-
men, and, I am happy to say, like most English boys, I was a
constant reader and ardent lover. of Shakspeare. At a very
early age many of his patriotic and philosophical passages I
knew by heart. Harry the Fifth's heroic reply to his c,usin
Westmoreland ; Talbot's fierce retort to the Countess of Au-
vergne; the death of Cardinal Beaufort; Hamlet's soliloquy;
Macbeth and his air-drawn dagger; and many other immortal
fragments were at that time as familiar to me as " household
words," and there is little doubt but my intimate acquaint-
ance with them led me at least to become a player and an
humble writer for the stage. On emerging from boyhood,
and whil yet a young actor, I was one of the first members of
a Shakspearian club, called " The Mulberries." It was not
then a very prominent one, as its meetings were held at a
certain house of entertainment in Vine. ar-yard, Drury-lane.
The club assembled there once a-week ; they dined together
on Shakspere's birthday ; and in the mulberry season there
was another dinner and a mulberry feast, at which the chair-
man sat enthroned uncle, a canopy of mulberry branches,
with the fruit on them ; Shaksperi en songs were sung, mem-
bers would read original papers on poems, relating only to
Shakspere, and; as many artists belonged-to thitectub, 'they
would exhibit sketches of some event connected with our
poet's life ; and I once had the honour of submitting a paper
to be read, called " Shakspere'sdriaking boat," an imaginary
story, illustrating the traditionary event, when the chivalry
of Stratford went forth to carouse with
" Piping Pebworth, dancing Marston,
Haunted Hillborough, hungry Grafton,
Budging Exhall, Papist Wic'kaford,
Beggarly Broom, and drunken Bidford."
(Laughter.) All these pictures and papers were collected to-
gether in a book, which was called " Mulberry Leaves ;" and
you will believe me, in spite of our lowly place of meeting,
that the club was not intellectually insignificant, when awougst
its members, then in their youth, were Douglas Jerrold, Lamau
Blanchard, the Landscers (Charles and T. omas), Frank Stone,
tiv though at another and more important place of
quen ,
Telford (the Judge) Charles Dickens,
meeting, Macready,
John Foster, and many other celebrities. (Applause.) You
Cattertuole, Robert Keeley, Kenny Meadows, and subse-
club. Death thinned the number of its members, im-
ursuits in life took some one way and some
portant p
tahninewg
light
tgiunpalon
trhesepheicitlilinagneyoueti
will, veryannda,tuat:ellyr ,twweisnhtytyoeakin.soowf wmhuacth leecame of,
tthiiiss
another,
club ceased to exist, and the " Mulberry Leaves" disap-
peared, no one ever knew whither. For me, gentlemen,
lteta,tttoeraenpdteatvoousratyo caansty
his glories, would be simply absurd, for
" Shakspere tells us it is very silly
To gild refined gold or paint the lily."

So sings another great English bard, Byron. Yet, while it
has been so rightly st'd, "He was not for an age, but for all
time.;" while poet, philosopher, wit, and dramatist as he was,.
may we not also see in him something of the proPhet ? To
endeavour. to Provo which, I will take but one instance. In
the comedy playpd to-night in London, " Much Ado About
Nothing," amongst the characters, there is a great personage
called Dogberry. 'Who that has seen that " pretty heap of
flesh " represented—who that has carefully read the dialogue
put by Shakspere into the mouth of that immortal ass, can•
have escaped fancying that Dogberry was but the " shadow
cast before " of " the Circumlocution office," or of same sa-
pient official in it? (Laughter and applause.) Do we not
trace in every speech of Dogberry " the way not to •do it ? "
Is ho not the type of one of those senseless and fit men, from
whom, to any question asked, no direct answer cau ever be
obtained, because " for the watch to babble and talk is most
tolerable and not to be endured." (Laughter,) I have known,
gentlemen, persons who have endeavoured to amend Shake-
spere—not conceitedly or profanely, but by way of experi-
ment, and it has then been remarked that in many thousand
passages written by him, that he always gives the right wor
quaint as it may sometimes be. Yet you cannot replace it by
any other that would convey the spirit of his meaning half
so well. Whenever a different phrase has been substituted
for that used by the poet it has always been found not to fit
in, not to express so truly what was meant to be conveyed ;
and the would he emendator has confessed himself beaten.
(Cheers.) As Washington -Irving beautifully discourses of
" the spice of Stratford Church ,becoming the beacon to
guide the literary pilgrim of every nation to Shakespere's
tomb," I cannot forbear relating a story, not of certain
pilgrims, but of certain passengers by a Warwickshire
coach, that, years ago, used to pass through this town. The
story may, or may not, be exact 'y true, yet, as poetical jus-
tice is well carried out in it, I will attempt to tell the tale as
told to me. It was the custom of the coachman, on arriving
here, to stop with his load before the house in which Shak-
spore was born, so that any of the passengers might, if they
plea,ed, alight for a few minutes and inspect the ancient edi-
fice. Now, it happened at one of these stoppages, when the
old coach had its full complement of " four inside and 12
out," all the passengers expressed a wish to see the house
except " one inside." He was a sallow, demure person, in
black. I need not describe the colour of his cravat, except
that it was orthodox. But, gentlemen, don't be alarmed, he
was not a clergyman ; he was an accountant I a resident of
some neighbouring town. The passengers entered the now
cherished dwelling, were soon rapidly writing their names
amongst the thousands already inscribed on its humble walls.
while the coachman had to wait longer than usual. At this,
the sedate " ono inside" began to rate the driver for his de-
lay, when the delighted passengers reappeared in front of the
house. Seeing this, he turned his wrath upon them, de-
nounced their proceedings in strong conventicle terms, and
'doomed all the" three insides and 12 outs" to eternal perdi-
tion; to which prospects they good-humouredly submitted,
until he had the temerity to assert that our poet was, at th It
moment, in that place not to be mentioned to ears polite.
(Laughter.) It was only then that the " there insides and 12
outs,"—with ladies, God bless them, amongst them--imme-
diately formed a phalanx of indignation, and declared they
would not travel any further with the fellow, and it,sisted
.
upon the coachman dropping him. He threatened legaul
ceedings—he was going on important business;
anb, v„v„n„
" fifteen" did not care, they would have him out,
coachman,
did. They gave their names and addresses to t
undertaking to guarantee him and his emplhoYe
seats in and on
harm. The glorious "fifteen" resumed thieiisr
whip,the merry
eel's against
the vehicle; the coachman gaily cracked
rattle of the hoofs of his four hot ses ec.
thso
wedaytharmouidgsltt
theth e
quiet street, and the old coach
hweeanntgoryn
.1‘ ono inside" a'ono
cheers of the
in his glory on th n et
iit
e "fifteen,"
leaving
avem ltter and applause.) But the
front of tapplause.)house it) which
ShaksPeare was borne. I alluded was carried stall further,
poetical justice to which discovered to be a defaulter
This accountant vras subsequently
the story that I have told you
in his business, andrdl heard
sue
.a poor clerk, once in his employ,
some years afterwe
o inside" had frequently paid sums as
and to whom the
to cone.eal his delinquencies. In strong contrast
hush money
to the portrait of this demure accountant, it is indeed pleasant
to co amongst the supporters of this festival and amongst
the s toasts to be given that the " vicar and clergy" are an.
nounced. That the Chureh should ever look upon a well.
regulated stage with suspicion must be regarded as a strange
anomaly. Both are teachers—the Church of high and sacred
themes, of morals, and of virtue. The stage is also a moral
teacher, an instructor, and a satiriser, where the " mirror is
held up to nature;' where our caults and follies are exhibited,
not for the purpose of imitation, but to be beheld painted in
living colours, and seen only to be desined, 'Therefore, to see

.(Prom Saunders's Noes Letter awl Advertiser.
This society's second grand concert for the season was
given last Wednesday evening in the A* s out Concert Hells
Groat Brunswick-street, end •came off with success in every
respect, innre than realising any anticipations which might
have been formed froa, previous announcements of it. A ,
signal mark of the interest felt in the occasion as regards.
subj .0, personage, and circumstances, was the very over- •
flowing audience, which left but little chance of ageourreez
dation for those that -arrived lite Amongst the audience
were-his Excellency theleerd Lieutenant, now presidout of
the society, who was accompanied by a distinguished
party, the Lord CLancellor and the Lord Justice of A.ppea.
A better concert than that of last evening has not often
been given by the society. It was, moreover, remarkable
in having the presence and assistance of the distinguished
Irish composer ealfe, who held the conductor's baton in
the performance of the selections from his own works
which formed part of the programme. Mr. Balfe on pre-
senting himself was very cordially received, the plauditi
being especially warm on the part of the orchestra. The
vocal artistes were )11-adenaoiselle .Victoire Balfe, daughter'
to the compeer, Signor Dragons, and Mr. Gustavus Geary..
The only solo instrunientaliss was the teleritel pianist Heri
Feuer, who was a host in himself. Mr. Busse!! conducted
the opening symphony and other pieces. The next piece
was the romanza D'Arlina mi ramentati, by Balfe, which
was well sung by Signor Dragone. His voice and style are
vei y superior, and were more effectively displayed in sub-
sevent pieces, Then followed the aria Come per mersereno • -
by Reasiei, sting by Mdlle. Balfe, who more than renewed
the favourite impression she created on her appearance
hero in the op ra. Indeed, whatever might be formed of ,
her powers on the stage, none could have been insensible
`•
te the earnest devotion to the musical text, and artistic
finish which char icteri e 1 her sing leg last Weduesd ty. Her
voice has much power, and it had valuable and essential
aid from her pure taste and feeling. Beethoven's concerto
for the pianoforte in E flat, with orchestral accompaniment,
was admirably played by Herr Passer. The duetto "Mira
la bianca lung," of Rossini followed, sung by Itadfle. Belts
and Signor Dragon°, in admirably style. The song " Come
into the garden, Maud," (Balfe)•followed, sung by-Mr.
GeLery, and eccompanied on the pianoforte.by the compeeer,l
whose finger as an accompanyist in this and other pieces
lost nothing by comparison with that Of the accomplished.:
pianist whose performance filled .the ear of the audience
previously and afterwards. The song, full Of, beauty and..
originality, was given by Mr. Geary with his usual feeling.
and ability, especially in the latter verse, which is
peculiarly effective. The first part closed with two pieces
by Herr Patter, viz., a " Vase de Concert" of his own, and
"La Campanella" by Taubert. Both are -brilliant cm- -
poSitions in the modern style, and were very finely played.
The second part opened with Balfe's overture, "Falstaff,"
which is a most effective composition, having pleasing
melodies, treated with clearness, spirit, and intelligence,
and well sustained to the close. It was well and atten-
tively played by the orchestra. The ballad; " The'Cone
vent Cell," which followed, sung by Medlle. Balfe, was
decidedly the gem of the vocal silos of the evening. This
chi.rming ballad our musical readers will recollect is from '
Balfe's last popular opera, " The Rose of Castilla;' it
nalrowly escaped a triple encore, and was sung- by the. •
chfirming young prima donna with the meet intense ex►
prision and refined taste. Upon the arrivapindprevious.,
to he departure of his Excellency, the National Aotheni
w s played by the orchestra. ,

iSTRUOTION OF THE JAMES BAINES.

This splendid vessel, lying in the Huskisson Dock, Liver:
pool, is now burnt down to the water's edge • and if any of
the remaining cargo is saved, it will be so damaged by firs
and water as to be almost useless. We understand that

time policies of insurance were opened upon the vessel
when she sailed for Calcutta, and that, according to the
ow,net's opinion, they had not expired when the fire took
Ir fvrasompotshtejoicnalthaegenutv,etorpthoole__
'll).,lo4nedennTSbeecreftoairloywC)PfgLlloettycei
Miderwriters' Room yesterday
" Liverpool, April 22, 1858.
' Sir,—By the telegram the total destruction of the
James Baines would reach Lloyd's. The origin of the firs
is only surmised to have arisen from spontaneous combos.
lion. 'Twixt decks were all discharged yesterday, and the
lower hatch,s taken off in the presence of the surveyors, no
damage of any kind being perceptible. I understand the
remainder of the cargo consisted of rice, see I, and jute,
and if the fire was smothering the admission of air
may account for its bursting out. The ship was
scuttled, but it was only a 12 feet tide, hence it was
useless, as there was not much more water in dock •
then the ship drew. It is reported that the time policy
on' the ship was cancelled on the 19th instant. Seemly •
any shipowners insure from fire in the Liverpool Docks,
experience showing that the risk has never been con-
sidered worth guarding against. The premium at 6d. per
cent. would be sufficient, but the stamp duty on the policy

is severe. Would not this be a good opportunity for the
underwriters and shipowners to memorialise the Court of
Exchequer to reduce the stamp duty on fire policies on
shipping to 61. for 1/. per annum, instead of 3s. ? A re-
venue would be obtained which does not exist, and it would,
be an encouragement to insure. It strikes me the question
has never been sufficiently considered, although I have
often suggested it to shi• owners; but the obstacle was the
stamp duty. With the Rivington Pike water, and proper
appliances at the dock quays, tons of water could be poured
into a ship. In this instance the scuttling with only al2 •
feet tide did injury, as when she grounded the water
pumped into her ran out. The dock authorities should be
compelled in the bill now before Parliament to provide
complete water pipes for extinguishing fires along the dock
quaye. The opportunity afforded of the introduction' of
such a clause would be amply justified by the present cala-
mity, if brought under the notice of the Board of Trade.
--I remain, sir, your ob-dient servant, .
" H. C. CElAPlaili, agent for Lloyd's.
" To Captain G. A. Halsted, R.N.,
Secretary of Lloyd's." •
- Our Liverpool correspondent was yesterdariptormed
that the underwriters will dispute the claim for insurance
upon the James Baines. T.

RAILWAY TRAFFIC RETURNS.

TRAFFIC RETURNS FOR THE WEEK.

Miles Receipts.
°dents& NAME OF RAILWAY.
1857. . Mg. 1657.
BILITIBII. £ A
Aberdeen - -
65 Belfast and Ballymena •• •• .. •, •• •• •• 1,103 1,543
17 Belfast and County Down •• •••••• •• 279 360
3.„ Birkenhead, Lancashire, and Cheshire 2,286 2,345
26th Bolton, Blackburn, and West York •• • • - -
118 Bristol and Exeter •• .... •••••• - 5.772 5,744
199% Ca1ed0nian.......... •• •••••••• • •• •• 12,359 12,631
9,1,.k4 Chester and Holyhead. •• ..•• 5,613 5,525
DA Cork, Blackrock, and Passage 234
20 Cork and Bandon ...• •••••••• •• •• •• 283 257
56 Dublin and B elf ast J unction 11,'b21:72 11,,420%
63 Dublin and Droghoda• • •• • • ••••• •• ••
1433 1,629
401 A Dublin and Kingstown •• •• •• •• •• •• •• '626 624
17 Dundee and Arbroath .• •• •• •• • • •• ••
31 Dundee, Forth, and Aberdeen Junctiof 2
4°1,,.4 32
4741.0
35 Dundalk. an& Enniskillen.... ••.••• •• ,sv, 5;
67% East Anglian... -•••••••• •• • * - 8,630 6,340
93 East Lancashire • • •• ..•• • ....• •• • • ••
489 Eastern Counties and Norfolk.. • • ..
.1 25.231 • 23•3"4
Eastern Union.• •• •• .. •• •• .• •• ••• 6.50 a ._.5.650
142 Edinburgh and Glasgow ••• •• ••""*. 3,001 3,325
7, Edinburgh, Perth, and Dundee :. _
6 Exeter and Crediton...• •• •••• "••••; 1,43 r 1 1,540
261,,,019036
266216343,9215
22 Furness Railway •• ••••••• •• ••••••
2.,19.,833. I,i,
Greatolasgo wi,7o,
ratnhde r
nS o. n.
.t h. : W. .
.e.s
zl,l)§ Groat Southern and Vires
....1,7'..."--,,.., 24,353 28,943
465 Great Western •• •• "::,.,,, 5,370003
5,427
21,150 21,796
-
250014 Irish
L Lancaster
as tSouth
er .
nEda Eastern
g•si_o•
._......:
.. . : : : : :
2864. Lancashire and Y k.r
--- _
- Loads Northerorns
5..,•
and Southport•• • • - _
16i Liverpool, C
d North Western
647 Gondol°
fili Loom, and
Blackw all .• •• • • ••.• .... 1,343 1,486
ari,ghton, and South Coast.. 14,150 15,0011
and South We5tern......... 14,394 14,930
21688093 N% ,LOrldinin;,,,ry and Enniskillen ........ 743 622
_ al ft n c he% s
ttoe
rr, ,
sßhuaxatioenu,
,a4nndd ATl3antel o 0 al
nks,
hBlrci 8.-878 9,547
179 t 118,1 a-,
nechhester' and South J unction ...... 793 926
25 alitryport and Carlisle •• ...„....... 874 906
567 Midland ••••••••• • • • • - - - - ... 27,52 i 29,851
177 Midland Great Western (Irish) ...... 3,816 3,88
52 Monklands ••••••• • •• • • • •
78 Newcastle and Carlisle .... 3,158 3,233
149 North British ••..•••• .• . • .......... 4,596 4,773
233 North Staffordshire •• • • ............ 5,981 7,345
47 North-Western •• .. • • • • .......... ~ 758 843
50 Scottish Central ••. • • • .......,, ...... 2,846 2,804
32% Scottish Midland •• •• • • ..........
• - -
29 Shrewsbury and Birmingham •
.... •.
, 1,511 1,868
4856 Shrewsbury and Chester ............ ; 2,626 3,064
30 Shropshire Union .................• , 922 940
57 South Devon ............... 2,523 2,667
gOl% South Easter n••••••.••••.,•,,...... "
n•••••••••••••• i 1, 143 19,287
171 South Wales ........
'
1 10814 South York., .
Doncaster,--. il.d. Zi00..1.e. :: ' 62,:;29775 82',430:
5. Taff Vele •••• •• •••• .• •• •• •••••••• •• 4,012 4.793
3a
Ul9ter. •••••••• • 1,352 1,513
77 Waterford and Limerick .
27 West Cornwall ••••••*• •• . . .....•• 551 625
12% Whitehaven Junction .•• •• ••.• •• •••• 424 476
682 York and Newcastle, and Berwick &
York and North Midland & Leeds- - ' -
i , roanat4,
.‘.B Deitch Rhenish •• •• •••• •• •• •••• •• •• 2,977 ;9,738
- Lyons and Mediterranean ..........
; ....
- Montereau and Troyes •• •• •• •• • • • • ••
63 Namur and Liege .. •........... •• .• - -
40
539 Northern of France •• •••• .- •• .• •••• ,521 36.312
....
L .- Orleans and Central .. .. .. .• •• ...,695 6L217-
I - Paris and Lyons .... .. ••.• •• -.. •• _ _,
- Paris and Rouen. ................... 37,607 35376
' 911 Paris and Strasburgh -.•-•••• •• •• -
1 - itouen and Havre..
% 621 W eel and North• West of France ...." 32,24$ 290114

5.794
12,631
6,525
157
257 •
1,251
1,491
1529
524
1,032
• 474
935
6,340
23,3 i 4
_5,650
3,325

29114 - •