The Sun.
London, England, 1858-11-15 00:00:00

StTN, LONDOIN, MONDAY-- EVENING, NOVEMWFR 15, Ft,P.

i:ididations of discovering from which quarter the 1
is likely to blow most strongly in the spring,
acknowledges the weight of this truism—that it is,
indeed, a weighty fact, and not a mere truism. The
Times does not now tremble at what even a rating
suffrage would do, because it would be conferred on
Englishmen ! We hold this to be perfectly sound
argument. We have a national character. Even our
comparatively illiterate operatives share it with the
alumni of univsrsities and the wearers of coronets.
Rascaldom has as small a proportional territory
among the poor as among the rich. You could
never induce a company of little English trades-
men, likely to want such an office, to put their votes
into a ballot-box to turn out any honest but humble
postmaster. They might try and get the situation
for their man were it vacant—they would consider
it fair game then ; but they would not think it fair
to turn a neighbour out. Englishmen, as a body,
have the strongest possible feeling in favour of
what is fair, and the clearest perception of what is
so. This would keep them from American shabbi•
ness of the kind alluded to. Indeed, in regard to
the servility of Frenchmen, so keenly satirised by
M. DE MONTALEMBERT, and the mob tyranny of
American democracy over the press and over
Congress itself, English nobility and love of fair-
play are equal safeguards against both. No as-
sembly, whether of rich or poor, of workmen or
their masters, could be called together in England
which would not refuse either to part with their
own liberties or to take those of others.

LATEST NEWS.

INDIA.

STEAM YACHT- FOR .EL HAMI

One of the most beautifully proportioned of the
many noble steam yachts which have been con-
structed in this country for various European
Princes made her first trial;trip down the river on
Saturday. The result of the trial was in the high-
est degree satisfactory, and fully justified the great
expectations which had been formed of a vessel
built with such care and fitted with enginss of such

power and peculiar construction. The Cleopatra
has been built for Hami Pasha, son of the late Vice-
roy of Egypt, and the Prince on the occasion of
whose recent marriage with the Sultan's daughter
such prodigious sums were expended in fetes, pro-
cessions, and jewellery. The young Pasha, it may
be recollected, paid a very brief visit to this country,
for the first news which greeted him on his arrival
at Southampton was the announcement of the death
of his father, and that a successor had been installed
in his absence. On the receipt of this melancholy
intelligence his Highness immediately returned to
Constantinople, where he has since resided, and
wherehe has concentrated his efforts with an energy
and vigour not often seen in the princes of any
country, and hitherto quite unknown in Asia, on
the careful management of his immense estates and
the development of commerce in the Levant. Though
now only 23 years of age, the labours of his Highness
have already borne fruit. His estates in Egypt, the
richest and most extensive in that country, are de-
voted entirely to the cultivation of corn, cotton, and
sugar, and his trade in the Levant has increasato an
extent thathas necessitated his building some power-
ful merchant steamers on his own account. Two of
these vessels were built here by Mr. Scott Russell,
and the speed, power, and capacity of those ships
gave such unqualified satisfaction to the young
Prince that he at once commanded that gentleman
to build him a steamer, for his own private use, of
size and speed sufficient to enable him, from Con-
stantinople, to visit his Egyptian property in any
weather. The model first sent out to the East for
the approval of this merchant prince is said to have
been a faultless specimen on a small scale of what
such a yacht should be. This, however, was altered
to suit certain requirements and Turkish notions,
and the changes were of a nature that affected that
great speed that would otherwise have been at-
tained. The vessel was positively limited to one
funnel, and its fire box surface thus diminished ; the
diameter of the paddlewheels was also reduced, and
in order to give increased cabin accommodation
abaft the lines of the stern were enlarged. Never-
theless, Mr. Russell undertook to build her as
required, and =to guarantee a speed of not less than
16 statute miles per hour—a guarantee the trial
of Saturday redeemed easily. The peculiar shape
of the ship is that so well known as Mr. Russell's
wave form, and she is constructed on the longitu-
dinal system, which adds such strength to vessels
when most subject to strain. The strength and
advantage of this peculiar mode of structure has
been carried out to its fullest extent in the Great
Eastern, though a further exemplification of its
important use might have been found, if need
were, in the trial of Saturday, when, though the
Cleopatra was worked by powerful engines and
driven at a speed sometimes of 17 miles an hour,
the vibratory motion was scarcely perceptible even
in the saloons nearest to the engine-room. The
whole ship is, of course, of iron. Her extreme
length over all is 202 feet, breadth 21, and 101- feet
deep. When laden with three days' coals her
draught aft is only five feet, and forward only four
feet seven inches. Her appearance in the water is
singularly graceful and striking ; in fact, forward
she makes the nearest approach to the exquisite
lines of the Royal yacht Fairy of any vessel we
have seen. The general effect of her slight, grace-
ful form would certainly be improved by two slight
funnels instead of one rather large one, but the
latter has certainly been made the best of, consi-
dering that one funnel was made a positive condi-
tion with the builder. The great novelty, how-
ever, of the vessel consists in her being fitted with
engines of perfectly new construction, known as
Scott Russell's Patent Three Cylinder Engine, and
which are so great an improvement on the old plan
that their general adoption both for screw and
piddle vessels is now certain. Some of our readers
probably recollect having noticed during the launch
of the Great Eastern a small engine in one of Mr.
Scott Russell's sheds, which was flitted with three
small cylinders pointing inwards from a circle, and
which all iv r..'ked upon on s bearing. This engine
excited the interest and admiration of the con-
course of engineers drawn together to witness the
stupendous operations of the launch to a de-
gree second only to that which was evinced
towards the great ship itself. The value of
the improvement was instantly seen and appre-
ciated, though it was then thought to be better
adapted to screw than paddle engines. Mr. Scott
Russell's first application of it, however, has been to
a paddle steamer, and the success of the improve-
ment is most marked, though it is still beyond a
doubt that engines OR the same principle fitted to a
screw propeller would give even more important
and more decided advantages. It has been long
known that these cylinders would give the most
uniform and effective development of the power of
steam machinery, but the complexity that would
result from the employment of these several engines,
with all their crank shafts and appendages, has
hitherto prevented their general adoption. In the
case of the Cleopatra's engines all complexity has
been removed, and three cylinders are applied
through a single crank in such a manner as to
occupy smaller space and have fewer working
points than usually go to form an ,ordinary pair of
engines. The practical result is the the uniformity
,of action is manifest. The rapidity of the stroke is
increased, the steam is worked with economy, and
the ship attains a high velocity, with a small con-
sumption of fuel. In the Cleopatra the condensers
and air pumps are on one side of . the vessel, the
engines and cylinders on the other. The latter, in
fact, are placed in the centre of the vessel, so that
their whole force is exerted directly over the keel.
Thus, no matter how she rolls, both the paddle that is
buried in water and that which is completely out
of it move with precisely equal velocities, and one
source of considerable d.anger to ordinary engines
is entirely done away with. On Saturday the
perfect ease with which all parts of the machinery
worked was admired by
.the engineers connected
with marine steam engines who were on board.
Though small, and of a nominal 150 horse-power,
they work up to 900 horse-power, with a consump-
tion of 21 cwt. of coal per hour. The vessel moved
rapidly down the river in spite of a strong head
wind and tide, the engines going 40 revolutions
per minute, and the result of six runs at the mea-
sured mile, now against wind and tide, and then
with it, gave an average of rather over 1.61 miles
per hour. During these runs the engines only va-
ried from 40 against the
_wind to 42 revolutions
with it, excepting at the first run, when sufficient
way was scarcely on her at starting, and when the
' engines only marked 38 revolutions. This run,
however, was reckoned with the rest, and the ave-
rage of the whole gave the high speed we have men-
'tioned. During two runs she was going over 17
miles an hour, and both with the tide and against
it turned completely round in twice her own length.
Altogether it was one of the most satisfactory trial
trips we have witnessed for some time. The saloons
for the accommodation of the Pasha and his suite
have been fitted up with the most exquisite taste
and richness by Mr. Crace. That at the after part,
for the accommodation of the ladies of the harem,
is a little bijou. The vessel is commanded by Capt.
Johnstone, who has superintended her equipment,
and who will take her out immediately to Constan-
tinople.
dI _ _

MANCHESTER ELECTION.—The Mayor of Man-
chester has received the precept for the election of a repre-
sentative in the room of the late Sir John Potter. The
nomination is to take place on Wednesday morning.
PARLIAMENTARY REFORM—MEETING OF WORK-
ING MEN AT MANCHESTER.—A meeting was held in the
Free-trade Hall, on Saturday evening, "to give the inhabi-
tants of this city, electors and non-electors, an opportunity
of expressing their sentiments on the important subject of
Parliamentary Reform." Such was the announcement
issued "by order of the Working Men's Provisional Com-
mittee." The room was crowded at an early hour, the
admission being free. The majority of those present were
working men. Alderman Heywood. presided, and on the
platform were Mr. Thomas Bazley, Mr. Edmund Potter,
Councillors Runiney, Fildes, and Barlow ; Dr. John Watts,
Mr. J. A. Nicholls, Mr. S. Pope, &o. Mr. Edmund Potter,
Mr. Bazley, Dr. Watts, and a number of working men ad-
dressed the meeting in favour of reform, the direct tenour
of the speeches being an advocacy of the ballot and man-
hood suffrage. At the conclusion three cheers were pro-
posed for Messrs. Gibion and Bright.
FATAL ACCIDENT ON WESTMINSTER BRIDGE.—
On Saturday, Mr. Bedford, coroner for Westminster, held
an inquest at Westmin ter Hospital on the body of John
Jones, aged 70, who came by his death under the following
circumstances. The deceased was passing overWestminster-
bridge, and when near the south side his foot slipped and he
fell into the roadway. At the same time a waggon laden
with about three tons of hay came along, and before the
driver could stop, both fore and hind wheels passed over
him, injuring him so severely tti.t he expired shortly after
i. the hospital from the effects. It further appeared that
the wheel of the waggon did not have the skid on while
coming down Pe hill, which prevented the vehicle being
stopped sooner. A verdict of "Accidental death" was re-
turned, accompanied by a recommendation that waggons,
&c. should have the wheels skidded while coming down
the hill.
A VERY ANCIENT COIN.—We translate from the
"Deborah :"—An opulent Israelite in the vicinity‘of Selina,
Alabama, possesses a silver shekel, coined in Judea,_ 1750
years at,o.
ce It is of the size of half a dollar-piece, but its
silver is only worth 15 cents. It has been for 530 years in
possession of the same family. At the time when -the
ske!cel was coined, Judea was a Roman province, and
Roman money was current. However the Israelites had
the privilege of coining their own money, because they were
not permitted to throw pagan coin into the chest of the
temple, in which offerings for sacrifices were deposited,—
Jewish Chronicle,