The Sun.
London, England, 1867-11-15 00:00:00

7 URKEY AND CRETE.

The Grand Vizier, Aali Pacha, has addressed the
following circular to the Consuls of France, Aus-
tria, Italy, and Russia :
" La Canee, Oct. 26, 1867.

" Monsieur le Consul,—Since my arrival at La
Canee I have been in a position to test the practical
inconveniences of the measure adopted by the Great
Powers, relative to the transport to the Hellenic
territory of the subjects of his Majesty the Sultan.
1 am willing to hope that the humane reasons which
determined the transport of the families having
ceased to exist, even in supposition, the ships, be-
longing to the Great Power which you have the
honour to represent, will speedily receive the order
to abstain henceforth from all interference.

"In any case, without interfering with the prin-
ciple admitted in my proclamation as regards the
families desirous of emigrating voluntarily and
spontaneously, I must draw your attention to a point
of detail which requires to be logically referred to
the philanthropic conception from which it ema-
nates.

" It was apparently with a view to remove the in-
offensive families from the calamities of the state of
war and to provide for them a better condition
that the Powers decided to effect their transport to
Greece.

" Now, by virtue of the proclamation of Serdare-
krem, confirmed by me, the Imperial troops have
ceased their war operations, and are abstaining from
all offensive measures.

" On the other hand, you are doubtless aware that
the emigrants have exchanged the situation in which
they were placed at Crete, so pitiful as it was sup-
posed to be, for one very much worse.

" These are undeniable facts. Another fact not
less certain is the method employed by the foreign
volunteers to force the families to expatriation.
They are placed under the necessity of choosing
between their reunion to the bands of emigration,
and this under the pain of incendiarism or death.
" The incursions made in the district of Candia,
which have cost the lives of four persons, aud•the
fifteen thousand olive trees burned in the district of
Berthymno, prove that the system of terrorism in-
flicted on the island is not confined to menaces.

" However, my intention is not, I repeat, to
oppose the least obstacle to the voluntary and spon-
taneous emigration of the families.

"This letter has then simply for its object to beg
of you to request the commanders of ships belong-
ing to the Power you represent not to embark the
emigrants, except at -, where Imperial Govern-
ment Commissioners will be charged to satisfy
themselves as to the spontaneity of the expatriation.
" Accept, Monsieur to Consul, the assurance of
my distinguished consideration.
(Signed) " AALI."

The following is the text of the answer of the
Cretan Committee to the proclamation of Aali
Pacha

" The Committee of Malvision, Temenos, and Mes-
Redshid Pacha, Governor
Mara, to his Excellency

of floraelion.

" Some days ago your Excellency sent to Saint
Myron some functionaries of the Porte, who read
to the Cretans already subjected a proclamation
concerning the insurgents who are courageously and
unceasingly struggling to reconquer their liberty.
In the first place, it was very useless, and even
ridiculous, to read this proclamation to people whom
you hold under your yoke, and who are, for the
moment, subjugated ; however, we will answer
categorically both you and the government you re-
present.
" For 15 months we have sustained, with arms in
our hands, a struggle unequal, but legitimate, for
we have armed ourselves definitively to shake off
the horrible yoke which the Government of the
Sultan has caused to weigh upon us for two centu-
ries, and under which we have suffered the most
terrible evils.

" From all time the Cretan population, notoriously
intelligent and friendly toprogres,s, has been esteemed
by all ; but since it has lived under the dominion of
your idle and enervated race, it has been stricken
with impuissance and sterility. Crete, formerly so
prosperous, and which contained a million of in-
habitants, has become in the rapacious hands of the
Sultans, a desert and unfruitful country, which can-
not even nourish the small number of inhabitants
escaped from the pitiless swords of its barbarous
invaders.

" The light of our age has spread itself over all
the earth ; but we have been able to receive but a
faint reflection of it through the thick Boeotism of
your race, which intercepts the rays. This feeblelight
has, however, sufficed to awaken us from our slumbers.
We have considered the sadness and misery of our
position, thanks to the inertia of your administration;
we have compared ourselves with other European
peoples; we have asked ourselves what would
be our future; we have not been able to discover
any chance of progress for ourselves nor of amelior-
ation of our fate under the sovereignty of the Sul-
tan ; the Tanzitnat and the Hatti houmayoun, vain
promises, of which a long experience has shown the
inefficiency, were not of a nature to reassure us as
to our future fate. No longer, then, hoping any-
thing, we have taken up arms, and relying on tLe
right of nationalities, we have boldly proclaimed the
forfeiture of the Turkish domination, and, confident
in our right, have voted our reunion to our mother
country, Greece.

" A war of extermination has for several months
continued its ravages over our beautiful island. The
unbridled hordes of Asia and Africa, let loose upon
our unhappy country to fight a people who are
weak and innumerous, but courageous and tenacious,
commit the most horrible outrages on women, chil-
dren, the aged, and defenceless, and by these
abominations they have justly raised the indigna-
tion of all the peoples, both of the Old and the New
World.

After so many calamities and disasters, after such
sacrifices on our part, how can your Excellency
seriously propose to us to lay down our arms, and
to have confidence in the amnesty granted by the

Sultan in his magnanimity ? How can you ask us
to return to our dwellings to enjoy in safety the
protection of the 'rape/jai Government ? Does not
your Excellency then remember that at the head
of your ferocious militia you have demolished
and burned our habitations ; that everywhere on
your passage you have devastated and sacked our
unfortunate country ; that the blood of victims un-
justly shed has dug between you and us an abyss
which nothing can fill up : No tie, absolutely none,
unites us to you. Religion, language, manners,
customs, national traditions, are with us in opposi-
tion to yours. The massacres committed by you in
the present war, the profanation of our temples,
the destruction of our villages, of our olive woods,
of our vines—all these acts of vandalism have
crowned the enmity existing between you and us,
and it is henceforth impossible for us to live under
the law of such cruel tyrants.
" Your Excellency's Government, then, deceives
itself strangely if it hopes to bring us again under
its dominion by fallacious promises. Consequently,
we boldly refuse the six weeks' truce which you
grant us, reserving to ourselves the right to attack
the Imperial troops when and where we think
proper. Neither will we accept the authority given
us to emigrate with our families within the above-
named time. You well know that up to this time
thousands of families have quitted Crete without the
authority of your magnanimous Government."

THE PUBLIC HEALTH.

(From the Registrar-General's Weekly Return.)

In the week that ended on Saturday, November
9, 4,613 births and 2,706 deaths were registered in
London and 12 other large towns in the United
Kingdom. The annual rate of mortality was 23
per 1,000 persons living.

The annual rate of mortality last week was 20 per
1,000 in London, 27 in Edinburgh, and 25 in Dub-
lin ; 20 in Bristol, 23 in Birmingham, 26 in Liver-
pool, 26 in Manchester, 27 in Salford, 24 in Shef-
field, 24 in Leeds, 28 in Hull, 29 in Newcastle-
upon-Tyne, and 27 in Glasgow.
In London the births of 1,187 boys and 1,083
girls, in all 2,270 children, were registered in the
week. In the corresponding weeks of ten years
1857-66 the average numbers, corrected for increase
of population, is 2,081.
The deaths registered in London during the week
were 1,195. It was the 45th week of the year, and
the average number of deaths for that week is, with
a correction for increase of population, 1,417. The
deaths in the present return are less by 222 than the
estimated number.

The deaths from zymotic diseases were 254, the
corrected average number being 347. The deaths
from smallpox were 9, from scarlatina 39, from
whooping-cough 27, from typhus 42, from diarrhoea
21, and from measles 37. Fifteen children died from
measles in the north districts of the metropolis ; six
of these cases occurred in the sub-district of St.
John, Marylebone.

The son of a painter, aged 2 years, died on Nov. 1
at 4, Bridge-street, Hammersmith, of cholera, 8
hours, and on Nov. 4, in the same family, a daugh-
ter, aged 5 years, died of cholera, 24 hours. The
son of a stonemason, aged 3 months, died on Nov. 3
at 14, Ashburnham-terrace, Chelsea, of choleraic
diarrhoea. The son of a cooper, aged 4 years, died
on the 28th Oct. at 21, Washington-street, Mile-
end Old Town, of convulsions from choleraic diar-
rhoea, accelerated by the smell from drains. (In-
quest.) A labourer, aged 60 years, died on the 3d
Nov. at 16, Charlton-vale, Woolwich, of acute
rheumatism, 6 days, choleraic diarrhoea, 18 hours.
One hundred and forty-eight persons died last
week from phthisis, 154 from bronchitis, 82 from
pneumonia, and 51 from diseases of the heart.

The deaths of three persons who were killed by
horses or carriages in the streets were registered last
last week. One hundred and forty-six death► from
injuries caused by horses or vehicles in the streets
have been recorded during the present year.
At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean
height of the barometer in the week was 30-321 in.
The barometrical reading increaseh from 30.10 on
Monday, the 4th of Nov., to the very high reading
of 30.17 in. on Saturday, the 9th of Nov. The mean
temperature of the air in the week was 41.9 deg.,
which is 3.5 deg. below the average of the same
week in 50 years (as determined by Mr. Glaisher.)
The highest day temperature was 53.5 deg. on Mon-
day, the 4th of Nov. The lowest night temperature
was 30.2 deg. on Sunday, the 3d of Nov. The en-
tire range of temperature in the week was, there-
fore, 23.3 deg. The mean of the highest tempera-
tures of the water of the Thames was 47.7 deg. ;
that of the lowest was 45.4 deg, The difference
between the mean dew-point temperature and air
temperature was 3.2 deg. The mean degree of
humidity of the air was 89, complete :saturation
being represented by 100. On Saturday, the 9th
of Nov., the atmosphere was saturated with mois-
ture, the amount recorded being 100. Fog of
variable density was prevalent during the week.
Lightning was seen during the night of Monday,
the 4th of November. No rain fell. The general
direction of the wind was W.S.W. According to a
return furnished by the engineer of the Metropolitan
Board of Works, the average daily quantity of sewage
pumped into the river Thames at the Southern Out-
fall Works, Crossness, was 48,759,601 gallons, or
221,537 cubic metres, equivalent to about as many
tons by weight.

The present system of registration has been in
operation for 30 years ; and a legal certificate of a
birth, death, or marriage in England or Wales
during that period may be obtained at the General
Register-office, Somerset-house.