The Sun.
London, England, 1858-07-20 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY
_EVENING, JULY 20, 1858.

refuge. There is scarcely any wiud t) which
vessel, between the headlands already alluded to,
could be exposed, in which it would not be avail-
able. It is already one of the packet stations
to France, the distance to Dieppe being but 64
miles. There is a fine blue clay bottom, with
admirable anchorage in eight fathoms water, at
a short distance from the harbour.
A breakwater was recommended to be made by
a Naval Commission, some years ago, which would
yield shelter to a large fleet riding at anchor under
its lee. Besides, the coast would supply plenty
of material for the erection of a barrier running
from the shore into deep water, and thereby
intercept theshingle rolling to the eastward, which
would in time so accumulate as to afford ample
protection from westerly or south-westerly gales.
Then the harbour of Newhaven could be
deepened so as to afford shelter to a fleet of
sailing vessels and steamers, to be available
for offence or defence at a few hours' notice.
The river Ouse runs into the sea at the mouth of
the harbour, and would be invaluable for watering

ships.
The expense of making a suitable harbour
would be repaid by the saving in insurance
on all vessels bound for the port of Lon-
don from the south-east or west would alone
pay 50 per cent. on the outlay, The claims of
Newhaven will of course be prominently brought
before the Royal Commissioners, and we believe
that the guardians of the public purse will have
no hesitation in granting the funds requisite for
this great act of pressing, if not indispensable,
utility.

When once a child has received, and appropri-
ated any object, however earnestly it was sought
after, it speedily loses the charm that constituted
its chief attraction. It is soon neglected, and if
practicable discarded for some other fancy. So
it is with the House of Commons, with regard to
the purification of the Thames. That was
" the whistle " which it was prepared to
purchase at any cost. The Government were
assailed from every quarter with loud remon-
strances and ominous threats. Plague, or
some terrible disease, would probably be
engendered by its pestilential exhalations, and
for that Lord DERBY and his colleagues would be
clearly responsible. They would find jarors as
willing to convict them as those who found L )rd
JOHN RUSSELL guilty of wilful murder bezause
an unfortunate man died of starvation in the
county of Mayo during the Irish famine. But
Lord DERBY has not been guilty of any siu of
omission. The moment the magnitude of the
nuisance was apparent it was fairly grappled with,
and an adequate measure was prepared for its
speedy abatement. It was probably the best that
could be prepared at so brief a notice. There
had undoubtedly been considerable inquiry o
the subject, and ample information had been oL-
tained. But few Governments, with so reason-
able an excuse for procrastination, would have
introduced so important a measure, involving so
large an outlay, at the fag-end of the session, a
fortnight before the prorogation ; and for that
graceful concession to public opinion, for that
total disregard of red-tapism, the Ministry, collec-
tively and individually, are entitled to the thanks
and gratitude of the entire community, not
merely the inhabitants of the metropolis or its
vicinity, but of all, from the Land's-end to John
o'Groat's.

There were several questions of no trivial mag- 1
nitude to be decided. First, by whom should
the cost be borne, and the expenditure regulated ?
Should it be regarded as a national or local
question ? It was determined that the cost
should be exclusively defrayed by the me-
tropolitan districts, and it followed almost as
a necessary corollary that the management thereof
should be entrusted to a local body. There was
fortunately one in existence that fulfilled every
condition. The Metropolitan Board of Works had
been chosen by public election forsuch dutiesand it
is well qualified to carry them into operation. But
it has been said that there should be a Government
control over them, and that they should not be
entrusted with absolute power to tax their fellow-
citizens. This was the rock on which every argosy
hitherto launched was wrecked. It contained all
the vices of every double Governuaet. It might be
sure—but it was inevitably slow. It led to the
adoption of rival schemes by conflicting authori-
ties, and while the much suffeting inhabitants of
the metropolis were suffering in health, purse and
comfort, and would have " been happy with
either, were to'ther dear charmer away." Nothing
could he accomplished or even commenced until
the scientific disputa had been brought to a con-
clusion, or, in other words, the Greek Kalends.
This difficulty has wisely been avoided. The
Metropolitans have evinced sound discretion in
selecting a sound scheme, unquestionally one of
the best, if not the very best that could be
adopted.

It was also authorised to raise a large sum of
money, and that it might be enabled to do so
on easy terms, a Government guarantee
is tendered to the extent of three mil-
lions sterling, and a rate is to be levied
of 33. in the pound, which, it is calculated, will,
by means of a sinking fund, extinguish the entire
liability in 40 years. There are many hon. gen-
tlemen assuming the mantle of prophecy, and
freely predicting that much more will be re-
quired. But inasmuch as they have not checked
the elaborate calculations, and are at best only
promulgating vague guesses, we must: be pre-
pared to act on the best evidence attiiixsble con-
sistently with speedy action. Now that the
matter has been virtually decided, we can only
say, " If' twere done well, 'twere well it were
done quickly."

A plague on these uncu' guile politticians
Surely we have had enough of that sort of thing
in temperance leagues and Maine liquor laws,
and lecturers and letter writers on the gre,t,t social
evil, and Sabbatarian societies, and all the rest of
it ; why should they try and improve one's political
morality by force ? Mr. WALroLE we know to
be a very virtuous man—he would not, himself,
bribe for the world; would not threaten a tenant,
or call in a mortgage to gain a single vote, or a
thousand votes ; but he is Home Secretary, and
therefore he must, ex officio, try his best at
taking cure of our home morals. It seems, too,
that one most inveterate original sin of citizens
born in political freedom, is that of giving and
taking bribes of all conceivable kinds at elections.
You may almost test the identity of the species
" free citizen" by the attendant charges of
electoral corruptions. At Athens or at Rome ;
in America or in Belgium ; in the shape of money,
or of places, or of jobs, or of " bread and
games," or of plenty of " beer and bacm," or c f
priestly threats, or landlord.' threats, of bribery
through fear, or of courtesies varying from a shake
of the hands or a smiling bow, to the kiss of a
pretty duchess—in all the ways wherewith theltte
Mr. COPPOCK could easily have filled a c)lurnn—
bribery has been the uniform sin of fre3 and in-
dependent constituenciac., and of those who have
wanted to represent them.
Mr. WALPOLE is, therefore, engaged in a toler-

ably hopeless battle. He is seeking to compel the
elector to renounce the briber and all his works ;
and that too without baptising him in the secrecy
which alone can enable both to resist temptation,
or which rather would take away the temptation
itself. He finds that like all our naughtier pro,
pensities, dam up bribery at one outlet, and it will
soon make itself another. Just as in Maine itself,
law forbids the man to retail liquors publicly, but
the wickedly " thirsty soul" finds the shopkeeper
selling something else, selling, it may be, the
very " cup which cheers but not inebriates "
so, he asks for a little tea, but also " asks for the
baby," and is shown, of course, into a back room,
babies not being exhibited in grocers' shops, and
can stay there, if he likes, till the baby itself
could walk out bettor than he. Mr. WALPOLE
has a law, which he too thinks ought to put down
bribery. It expires this year, and he proposes to
re-enact it ; but it is found to want some patch-
ing. What is a Candidate, and how ought
Auditors to be remunerated, were questions
which needed to be settled, but, above all, the great
question to be decided was, ought the travelling
expenses of electors to be paid ? And, if they
are, how are you to pay them and not leave open
a door to bribery ?

On this last great question Mr. WALPOLE, and
the House too, were, we believe, far more
puzzled than on the India Bill. That was a
great, grand, imperial measure ; one of which
most of them knew little practically, and the
working of which would hardly affect a single seat
in the house. But "Payment of travelling ex-
penses"—who did not fully understand that ?
Almost every member had paid long bills for cab
hire in boroughs, and for railway tickets and re-
freshments, and --- no one knows what be-
side under these names, in the counties. They
all knew how the thing worked too. Some recol-
lected how the out-voters sent for had just about
given them the majority ; others that a very nice
douseur proved very acceptable to a poor fellow
in London, who rode "Parliamentary" and re-
ceived first class fare, and lived well for a day
or two at free quarters. We believe honourable
members were not wanting who recollected the
efficiency of buying up at the right nick of time
all the public conveyances for the day of election.
We certainly have heard of such things. There
was, therefore, a pretty little scuffle over the
clause proposed by Mr. WALPOLE, that it should
be " lawful for any person to pay the actual
travelling expenses bona fide incurred in bringing
any voter to the poll."
Hereon, then, arose the commotion. As the law
stands, since the recent decision of the Lords in
the case of COOPER v. SLADE, it may not be bri-
bery if you pay a voter's expenses, without asking
the promise of his vote ; but if you ask if, you
present a corrupt inducement. Now, as all the
members, and the Home Szcretary and Lord J.
RUSSELL especially, have a great horror of bribery,
yet want to keep elections expensive enough to
deter a poor man from becoming a candidate,
the object was to enable the candidate to pay the
voter's travelling expenses, yet to prevent the
possible incidental bribery. If money passed, the
opportunity for bribery was seen to be so very
plain ; yet, how dispense with money ? Then, if
the journey wore more than a very few hours, even
our virtuous mortality cannot dispense with refresh-
, rnents ; and our frail mortality is liable to need
them in unusual quantities at election times, or to
accept payment of them i❑ a round sum, instead
of noticing the trifling difference between the odd
pounds and shillings, and a five or a ten-pound
note. At last Mr. AYRTON hit upon the plan
which found favour with the Home Secretary, and
with a majority of seventy-five on Friday night
—it is to be lawful for the candidate to provide
conveyance for the voter, but not for any money
to pass between the two parties.
Thus has the " wisdom of Parliament" provided
for the payment of travelling expenses, and also
for the virtue of candid ate and voter. A convey-
ance may now be legally hired and voters carried
in if, or railway passes furnished ; at least so we
read the clause, but silver and gold, and beer and
beef are henceforth corruption. Well, we wish
the IoK-pockets j )3r of their scheme. They have
abolished one property qualification, hut this will
go pretty well towards retaining another, for the
counties certainly. Look to it, Reform Club ; the
Carlton, by Mr. Avreroaes kind help, have made
a nice little arrangement for the coining election ;
if you do not ga the thousands ready too, be as-
sured your new Whig members will go to the wall
at the next election, and sad indeed would the
loss be to exchange a Whig for a Liberal Conserva-
tive. The wrong clique would pocket, for years
it might be, the salaries of office.

We hop, now, we shall have no more laughing
at the Ballot as a mechanical device to make men
virtuous. If a railway pass, instead of money,
be not a mechanical device, we should like to
know what is

MADAME RISTORI.

Th7s accomplished act—refsto-A her benefit last
night at C ,vent-garden with the most undoubted
success. She appeared in the character of Queen
Elizabeth, a part which gives her au opportunity
for displaying the wonderful versatility of her
powers. Her delineation of the vavying passions
that sway the haughty sovereign by turns, her
rmijestie carriage, her impetuous temper, her
s,udden elevation to heroism, while defying the
threats of the Spanish ambassador, were all finely
represented. She was equally great in the more
conflicting emotions, where her love for Essex
and her haughty spirit are at variance. The scene
in which the exasperated Essex defies the Queen
before the assembled Court, and in which she
appears almost overwhelmed with her terrible anger,
was rendered very effectively. The struggle in the
mind of El 7.abeth before signing the fatal warran',
and her despair when she learns that her reprieve
is to elate, gave Madame Ristori full scope for the
development of her fine tragic powers, as did the
last act, showing the proud monarch bending be-
fore a mightier despot than herself, but keeping her
lofty spirit in face of death himself. The la,it agonies
as is unfortunately the case with all our great
aetors, were painfully elaborated and lengthened.
Wo would suggest to the ved taste of Madame
Ristori, that such encouragement of a morbid taste
is scar,;ely worthy of her artistic abilities. The
house was fully attended, and the audience testi-
tied their admiration by bouquets and plaudits,
and by the entitufiast:c demand for her appearance
after every act. The acting of Signor Mejeroni, as
the unfortunate earl, deserves eulogistic notice.
We are °lad to see that Madame Ristori has
I.ken induced by the great success of this perform-
anacrdeeton
on
reappear in
xinuteliv thelatt i
e character
beforeracterat Covent-
Garden t-
GparturJ from England.

His Rival Highness the lleraditary G. and Duke cf
Mecklenburg-Streli z, accompanied by hi 4 son, the
Prince Adolphus, arrived in town yesterday afternoon
fr,qn Germany, on a visit to the Dui:begs of Ctrobrit'g
ilk Ilighnes, who, we regret to lcarn, ii hbour
ing under an almost total deprivation of sight, was tuft
at. the L3ndon brige eta ion by his illustrious consort,
the Ileredinry Grand Duchess of Mecklenburi;-Strelitz.
A peerage ha., it is said, been offered to Sir John
Lawrence, with 2,0001. L-par.
PARLIAMENTARY WITNESSES--Hencefortla the s lect
toiminittes of the House cf Commons may examine
times on oath,
according to a bill brought in ( ,ut not
passed) by Mr. Wilson Patten, M.P and NIG Henley,
M.P.
THE C)URT OF CHANCR.HY.—By an appointment of
an additional Taxing Master in the Court of Chancery,
some pr,gress has been [midi to remove the delays com-
plained of by suitors.

,
ITFST NEWs
k

THE ATLANTIC TELEGRAPH
SQUADRON.

(BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.)

LIVERPOOL, TUESDAY MORNING.

The United States steam frigate Niagara was
off Cape Clcar on the 18th instant, at 4 a.m.,

and her Majesty's steamer Agememnon was off
Kinsale, at 11 a.m. on the same day, with the
Atlantic cable.

FRANCE.
PARIS, MONDAY.

The Monitear da Calvados gives the following as
the programme of the passage of the Emperor and
Empress through that department, on their way
to Cherbourg :

" Their Majesties will arrive at Evreux (Eure)
on Tuesday, the 3d Aug., towards the middle of
the day, and will be received at the railway station
by the prefect and the general of the department
and the Mayor of Evreux. Their Majesties will
proceed in a carriage to the Hotel of the Prefecture,
and on reaching the cathedral will find the bishop
and clergy in waiting to pay their respects. At
the Prefecture the Emperor will receive the civil
and military authorities, and the Empress the
ladies of the place. The Emperor and Empress
will then proceed to Lisieux (Calvados), and at
the railway station they will be received by the
prefect of the department and the local authorities
of the town. Their Majesties will then proceed
to Caen, where they will arrive at five o'clock,
and where they will be received by the mayor
and all the local authorities. The mayor will pre-
sent the keys of the town to the Emperor. The
Emperor and Empress will proceed through lines
formed by the troops of the Prefecture, where the
mayors of the department will be assembled. The
Empress will hold a reception of ladies, and a
magnificent bouquet will Le presented to her Ma-
jesty. At seven the Emperor and Empress will
give a grand dinner, and at nine will proceed to a
ball at the Hotel de Ville. In the morning of the
4th the breeders of horses of the department will
present to the Emperor specimens of Norman brood
mares and horses, and his Majesty will visit the
cavalry depot, in which there are 300 horses. After
takii.g a drive in the town the Emperor and Em-
press will leave at midday, and proceed to Bayeux.
There, after b,ing received by the local authorities
at the railway station, tha Emperor and Empress
will visit the cathedral. A piece of lace, of con-
siderable value, is to be pre,:-ented to the Empress
in the name of the town. Shortly before two their
Majesties will leave Bayeux, and will reach Cher
Bourg at a qu,rter past four."
A Brest journal says that the Emperor and Em-
press will not go frcm that pl ice to Chateaulin by
sel, as mirlinally intended, but by the Imperial
road to Quimper. Two officers of the Imperial
household had been at Brest to make preparations
for the recep ion of their Majesties.
"It is related in diplomatic circles," says the
Journal du 11"avre, " that Find Pacha has in-
forme i Count Walewski and Lord Cowley that the
Po t.t is ready t ) ply to Mlle. Eveillard, by way
ofindemnity, a sum of 150,000 f., and a similar
sum to the family ef Mr. Page, the English Vice-
Coasul."

BOURSE, July 19.—The following were the la,'.est
quotations :

1?:, per Cents 95 80 Credit Foncier
Do. end month - -- Belgiah 4l
3 per Cent. ..... ... 68 15 Piedmontese (5)
Do. end month 6B 30 Roman 9l
Bank Shares ...... 3030 -- Austrian
Credit Mobilier ... 607 50 Spanish Threes
Do. Account 6OB 75 Home Debt —

RAILWAYS.—FOR CASH.
Orleans
Northern .. 905 t I Western 5821
New Ditto 752', Eastern

Lyon and Mediteran 75:3
New Ditto
Geneva

Grand Central
402
Austrian

TURKEY.

CONSTANTINOPLE, JULY 10.

On Thursday list Sir Henry Bulwer paid his
official visit at the Porte, having the day before
called privately only, accompanied by Mr. Pisani,
the first dragoman, on the Grand Vizier and the
Minister for Foreign Affairs. For his official visit
the Ambassador went down in her Majesty's steamer
Swallow, which is on the station here. He landed
at the Serdglio Point, wh?re clrriages were in
waiting for the party, which took them up
through the gardens of the Old Seraglio to the
Sublime Porte. Here guards and servants bad
turned out to receive them, and the official presen-
tation took place, first to the Minister for Foreign
Affairs and then to the Grand Vizier. The pipe
being smoked and the coffee drunk, the Ambassador
mounted on horseback, and followed by hi• suite
in carriages, went to call on the S,raskier. In the
courtyard of the Sraskierate the guard was under
arms, with a band of music in attendance, to re-
ceive him. After the Seraskier's, came the turn of
the Kapudan Pasha ; and after another hot ride
through the strcet3 of Stamboul the Ambassador
got into his caique, which was in waiting at the old
bridge, and went to the Arsenal, the official resi-
dence of the Kapud. Paha. When he approached,
the men-of-war lying in the harbour gave the usual
salute of 19 guns, and the guard all the military
honour,. With this hst visit the day's proceed-
ings clo ed. Th, y were not a little wearis4Ane,
with 98 deg. in the shale, and a sirocco blowing.
On Monday next the audience at the Palace is to
take place.

the frontier, and that Prince Da,nilo had con-
stantly advised them to submit."

DENMARK.

The Magdeburg Gazette contains the following
analysis of the reply of the Danish Government
to the Germanic Diet :
" The Danish Cabinet observes that the manner
in which the affair of Holstein and Lauenburg has
been understood and treated at Frankfort is essen-
tially defective. That the Diet, having founded
its decisions on the proclamation of the 28th Jan.,
1852, and on the exchange of despatches which
preceded it, forgot that the negotiations between
Denmark and the two great German powers, as
well as the document of the 28th Jan., 1852, ought
to be considered as the result of the war, or of the
negotiations fir peace between the Germanic Con-
federation and the King of Denmark, and that con-
sequently those acts ought to be treated according
to the law of nations, and not according to the
federal law. That the war of 1848 was not a simple
federal event, but that it was made at the same
time against a European Prince—the King of Den-
mark—the federal army having fought the Danish
one, not only in Holstein, hut in Schleswick.
The Diet,' rays the Danish reply, 'has an un-
doubted right to make war and conclude peace ;
but it is not admissable that a treaty of peace
should be treated like a simple federal document,
and interpreted like a federal law. If the Diet,
therefore, founds its decisions on the act of the
28th Jan., 1852, the differences must be settled
according to the law of nations, and not according
to the federal legislation. The Diet itself declared
in its protocol that .V e proclamation of the 28th
Jan., 1852, was published in execution of Art. 3
of the treaty of Paris of July 2, 1850. Those,
therefore, were the proceedings of the law of na-
tions, and not exclusively of the federal law. The
Danish Cabinet, therefore, thinks that it may dis-
pute the right of the Diet to carry into execution
its decisions of the 11th Feb., and may invoke,
in case of danger, the assistance of the European
Powers."