The Sun.
London, England, 1858-04-22 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONIDION, THURSDAY EVENIN-G, APRIL 22, 1858.

hanced by means of a liability for 1,500,0001. un-
der the war sinking fund, and of 2,000,0001. of
Exchequer-bonds requiring to be liquidated in
the ensuing month, to a total charge for 1858-59
of precisely 67,110,0001. To meet which there
will be a probable aggregate of revenue for this
next twelvemonth, from April '5B to April '59,
of 63,990,0001., which yields, as compared with
the estimated aggregate of expenditure, an excess of
liability as nearly approaching as well could be to
an aggregate of 4,000,0001., or, to be precise,
exactly 3,990,0001. It is in regard to this
3,990,0001. that Mr. DISRAELI, with consummate
tact and adroitness, has made ample provision
without imposing one additional tax, at the same
time that he still secures to the community the almost
despaired of boon of the reduction of the Income
Tax from '7d. to sd. How then is this marvel-
lous result arrived at, of a deficiency of 4,000,0001.
provided for without a new tax, and with a dimi-
nution of 2d. upon the existing charge upon in
comes ? It is readily enough explained. Firstly,
then, be it observed, that out of this estimated
deficit of 3,990,0001. upon the year '5B 's9—no
less a sum than 3,500,0001. is incurred in con-
sequence of our engagements to pay off debt—viz.,
1,500,000/. upon the War Sinking Fund, and
2,000,000/. upon Exchequer-bonds. Upon this point
Mr. MORA ELI wisely, pertinently, sagaciously puts to
the Committee one startling inquiry—" Is it not,"
he asks, " the last resource of an individual in
distress to raise money in order to pay debts, and
to get deeper in debt in consequence t" Every-
thing is said in that one terse interrogation. The
Chancellor of the Exchequer does not pro-
pose to carry out in behalf of the nation this
monstrous, preposterous, and most absurd of
systems. Instead of asking the country to incur
new debts to pay off old ones at the very time
when there is a deficit of 400,0001. additional—
he proposes most reasonably that the operation of the
Sinking Fund shall be postponed yet awhile, and
that the Exchequer-bonds now falling due
shall be for yet a little time longer renewed.
Than this, surely nothing could by possibility be
more rational in every way under the circum-
stances. By this simple and candid device, a
deficiency of 3,990,0001. is reduced to a deficit of
no more than 400,0001. altogether. This trivial
deficiency he proposes to cover with from
400,0001. to 500,000/. accruing from the equali-
sation of the spirit duties—placing Irish spirits,
at length, in tha same category with Scotch and
English spirits. Then, but not till
then, with an eye to a moderate surplus,
he proposes to secure 300,0001. by affixing a
compulsory penny stamp upon every cheque
henceforth to be drawn upon a banker. Remem-
bering that by reason of the propoaod reduction
of 21. upon the income-tax there will be a clear
loss under that one head for the coming year of
just 1,000,0001.—it is surely not unreasonable to
look for a willing concession of 300,0001. by penny
stamps upon bankers' cheques—these 300,0001
being derived from the very class which will have
uostbenefitted by this previously diminished
.axation to the tune of 1,000,0001. Such,
in brief, upon a re vie wel analysis of
it, is the very masterly Budget already delibe-
rately designated by us, as at once the most in-
genious and the least objectionable of any Budget
within the recollection, for many years past, of
he House of Commons. It is a financial state-
ment which is at once a great parliamentary sue-
ce-s, and what is yet more, a great administrative
achievement.

The opponents of Church-rates achieved a great
victory bat night. Mr. PACER, very shabbily in-
deed, prevented their forces from coming fairly
into action, by an amendment that the House
should resolve itself into committee that day six
months—an amendment designed only to waste
time, since in spirit it was appropriate only to
die question decided on the second reading.
When the House, however, did get fairly
into committee, every amendment was withdrawn
without division, and on the prorate party moving
that the chairman report progress, they were
be2ten by 346 to 104. Unluckily indeed,
through Mr. PACKE'S unfairness, the time was
gone, and the chairman was obliged by tLe
forms of the house to report progress ; still

to the observation, that if persons are willing to
be rated, they can pay without compulsion; and if
they are not willing, it is unjust to compel them.
It is simply silly to talk of the hardship of
abolishing the rate in the parishes which are wil-
ling to pay it. Willing to pay and yet a hard-
ship not to be forced to pay 1 Why, the nonsense
reverses the sentiment by which almost every
Englishman is actuated; nine out of ten of us would
rather give a sovereign than be coerced to pay a
penny. Lords CECIL and SHAFTESBURY would
have us believe that Englishmen would
really pray to be made slaves, and
prefer paying on compulsion to contributing
voluntarily 1 Ask these supposed slavish
parishes, and they would reply—that is, if the
parson and the squire would let them—leave it to
U 3, gentlemen, and we will gladly give what we
think the Church fairly demands at our hands.
We repeat what we have often said—Church-
men ought to be but too thankful to have so many
thousands of capital churches all over the coun-
try, on the very easy terms of keeping them fit
for their own use—a cheap rent that 1 Not so
did Dissenters come by their chapels. They had
to build them at their own cost, and they would
yet think it folly to let them go out of repair. We
are ready to think, that if Churchmen had
built their own churches they would care
more about them, and not be fighting with Dis-
senters to compel them to aid in repairing them.
The churches are national property ; the nation
allows one sect to engross the property ; to
engross it to the utter exclusion of the most
gifted, and liberal, and popular Dissenting
preacher from any of the pulpits—is it not
then scandalous for the favoured sect to shirk
keeping in repair the property which they appro-
priate so exclusively ?
Last night's debate, however, shows that this
scandal cannot endure long. Abolition, un-
compensated abolition is now at hand. If com-
pensation be demanded it should be for Dissen-
ters. They have long enough been fleeced—
thoughtlessly on the part of more liberal Church-
men—but, now that the question is broadly before
them, really liberal Churchmen would rather
offer compensation than ask it.

This evening, the Jewish Relief Bill comes on
for its second reading in the Upper House. We
trust that the hereditary legislators may avail
themselves of the opportunity of conceding grace-
fully to the clear and unequivocal feeling of the
collateral branch of Parliament, and of the entire
country, so frequently and decidedly expressed.
Lord DERBY perceived the propriety of such a
concession on other points, and we are sure that
he would be one of the last men who would wish
to produce a collision between tho Houses, in
which that wherein he occupies so eminent a posi-
tion must necessarily suffer very severely. His
most influential and valued colleague—the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer, whose sound and admir-
able financial scheme has contributed additional
power and stability to the Government, has long
been the strenuous advocate of this simple act of
justice and expediency. The First Lord of the
Admiralty, whose clear and convincing statement
elicited universal commendation, divided in the
same lobby with the financial Minister ; and the
Attorney-Genera), the first law officer of the
Crown, contributed by his vote to the good cause.
Tee opinions of Lord STANLEY are also well
known. Under such circumstances, there can be
no organised Ministerial opposition offered to the
measure. It will be what is termed an open ques-
tion, en which each member of the Cabinet will
express his individual views. It was so with the
late Government, for L )rd HanitownY voted with
the majority which rejected the bill sent up with
the highest prestige from the other House.

There aro times when firmness becomes ob-
stinacy, or even perversity. The Lords would
greatly mistake their functions, and, we may add,
damage their position, if they persevered too long
in opposing the wishes of the nation. Tillie ut-
most limits of endurance have already been at-
tained. The cup is fullto overflowing. It was with
diffilulty that those who were desirous of adopting
the most summary and decisive moans of bringing the
question to a speedy conclusion, were induced to
refrain and to abide the chances of another ses-
sion ; no such result will follow a similar error,
and before many days have elapsed Baron LIoNEL
DE ROTHSCHILD will be called upon to take his
seat, whether with or without the assent of the
House of Lords.

There is no greater absurdity than the cant
phrase of unchristianising the country or unchris-
tianisiug the Legislature. It is but a rechauffee
of the ob3ol)te howl of 30 years since, when our
It Allan Cltholic brethren ware claiming jus-
tice from Parliament—claims which were
met with vague denunciations as to the
impending destruction of Protestantism it
any measure so unconstitutional should be par-
mitted to pass. Well, it was carried, and the
most strenuous Protest int cannot as33rt that his
religion received the slightest injury; and, with
the exzeption of a few ultra-fanatics, there is no
one would now dream of undoing that great act
of political justice and sound policy.
And yet laws were expressly made against those
professing the Roman Catholic religion, while
nothing was ever intentionally aimed against our
Hebrew fellow-subjects. It was by a stray shaft,
directed against a very different target, that they,
were reached; for, in fact, the inscription on the por-
tals of the Legislative Assemblies were virtually the
same as those said to have been affixed to the gates
of Bandon during the last century, which declared
that " Turk, Jew, or Atheist might enter, but no
Papist I" If, then, all the prophecies so touch-
ingly delivered as to the decadence of Great Bri-
tain, after the admission of Roman Catholics have
been so completely falsified, we can easily believe
that similar results will follow Hebrew emancipa-
tion, and that even Bishops themselves
will, in a few years, wonder at the
odium, theo!ogicam, which could so greatly com-
plicate a simple question mad offer such dote:'
mined opposition to an act of palpable justice.
The 'election of DANIEL O'CONNELL for the
county of Clare forthwith ensured the passing of
Catholic emancipation. The metropolis of Great
Britain is surely no less important a constituency,
and it has returned Baron DE ROTHSCHILD, IlLt
merely once, but five or six times, and have sub-:
witted to be partially disfranchised for a period of
twelve years in order to render their testimony
more convincing. Surely some weight should
merely
oit he
be attached to that ex'raordinary, the t
unparalleled demonstration. It is the privilege
not
electors
allve
th
ociftyßaorfonLoßnozirnscthilartnuis bduitireogf:rvdeerj
elector .
chosenerelaatimonasn ofof ulnifi:peaAclivaberey
character—in-Pe have
monarch of finance, whose aid in monetary emer-
gencies is sought by every European GovernMent
to represent their wants and wishes, for which
purpose they believe him to be pre-eminently
qualified. But their honest selection is set aside,
not on a matter of substance, but of form, for he
is willing to take the prescribed oaths in the man-
ner which he declares to be most binding on hi
conscience—not through any deliberate intention

of the Legislature, but through a mere casualty,
as undeserved as it would have been unjustifiable.
There are no better citizens than members of
the Jewish persuasion. They are good husbands,
good fathers, good friends, good magistrates, and
unexceptionable citizens. They contribute largely
to the national revenue ; and were they driven
from our shores by any persevering act of injus-
j tice, they would carry with them no small amount
of capital invested in British securities. For
every reason, then, we trust the Lords will
this evening take a rational and statesmanlike
view of the subject, and that ere long the Oaths
Bill will receive the Royal assent, and Baron
LioNEL DR ROTHSCHILD take his place in the
House of Commons as one of the representatives
of the City of London.

The reformatory movement appears to be in
course of steady, if not rapid, development. An
indication of its progress was afforded on Tuesday
evening at the Brixton-hill Institution, otherwise
known as the Metropolitan Industrial Reformatory .
The occasion was that of a farewell meeting, to
take leave of ten striplings now upon the eve of
emigration to our Canadian settlements. The
proceedings though necessarily, of course, very
simple, indeed, amounting to ahymn and a speech
or two, were, nevertheless, deeply interesting and
impressive. It is satisfactory to note that this

little Farewell Meeting was presided over by no
less a person than the Lord Bishop of LONDON,
who addressed some generous and feeling words of
advice and sympathy to the young emigrants now
about to be sent forth to adistant, but honest field
of labour upon the opposite shores of the Atlan-
tic, under the humane auspices of the promoters
of the Metropolitan Reformatory. The incident,
we cannot but think, is one in every way fraught
with encouragement. It is an indication that
modern philanthropy does not content itself in
these institutions with gathering together poor
little waifs and strays of human existence from

the kennels, and the byeways, and the back slums
of London, and of there teaching them, probably
for the very first time, the distinction between
right and wrong—teaching them self-respect—
teaching them religion—teaching them even, for
their material comfort and wellbeing, some
honest trade or handicraft. It proves that,
having done all this for them, that
it then goes far beyond the original design, and
beneficently places the reformed pupils as far as
possible beyond the chance of alter temptation.
Liable, of course, they will be to many and grievT
ous temptations wherever they may go. But far
less they cannot fail to be both in number and
magnitude in Canada, than in the old familiar
haunts of vice and infamy in the densely peopled
rookeries of London. Hence these occasional
Farewell Meetings at our Reformatories. GOD
speed them, say we : they augur wall for the
prosperity and growth of these benignant insti-
tutions.

LATEST NEWS.

CONSTANTINOPLE, APRIL 14.
M. De Talleyrand has received instructions to
Leave on the 12th.

The papers here announce that the Conference
will not commence before the 10th of May, and
that the different Powers are agreed on the organi-
sation of the Danubian Principalities.
Au agent of the house of Rothschild, of Vienna,
has proposed to the Porte the establishment of a
bank, and there is a hope of sane arrangement on
this subject.

MARSEILLES, APRIL 22.

The British Admiralty at Malta is entering able
seamen from the merchant-service for service in
India. The local papers complain of the measure
as weakening the island, and aggravating the com-
mercial crisis.

New difficulties are reported to have arisen be-
tween England and Persia.

Sr. PETERSBURG, APRIL -- 20 .

From May 30 the port of Poti, in the Black Sea,
will be opened to foreign vessels like those of
Anapa, Soukum-Kale, &c. Five new Governments
have sent in their adhesion to the emancipation of
the serfs.

FRANCE.
PARIS, WEDNESDAY.

A grand dinner was given at the Tuileries the
day before yesterday in compliment to the Dow-
ager Grand Duchess of Baden.
The Emperor has completed his 50th year, having
been torn at the Tuileries on the 20th April, 1808.

Marshal de Castellane has returned to Lyons
'rom his journey of inspection in the 9th and 10th
T 1 ilitary divisions, which form part of his command.

The Courrier de Paris contains the following re-
flections on the acquittal of Bernard :
"We entirely share the sentiments which in-
spired the Univers ; but we cannot help observing
that the latter journal went, perhaps, too far in
attributing to the English people the shameful at-
titude of a few hundred fellows, attracted to the
court by the scent of blood. No, it was not the
people that covered with applause the voice of
Edwin James ;it was not from the heart of
England' that proceeded the disgraceful hurrahs
which proclaimed the acquittal of Bernard. . .
Some 25 years ago France offered a similar spec-
tacle. In 1831 the Court of Assizes acquitted 18
prisoners,lamongstwhom were Godefroid. Cavaignac
and Guinard, prosecuted for conspiracy. Thi.
acquittal was celebrated by a banquet, in the course
of which one of the guests brandished a dagger
above his head, and shouted twice This is for
Louis Philippe.' The jury of the department of
the Seine acquitted these men amidst the applause
of the crowd. . . . Were it, however, pos-
sible for a nation to consider regicide and assassi-
nation as acts of public virtue, it would be unne-
cessary to place that nation out of its pale of hu-
manity, for it would bear the seeds of its own
punishment and speedy ruin."
The Univers protes!s in the following terms
against the remarks addressed to it by the Consti-
tationnel in the course of the article published by
the latter on the acquittal :
" We do not accept the reproach addressed to
us by the Constitutionnet on the subject of the
Times. A few articlei or paragraphs, in which that
journal contradicts itself with the greatest impu-
dence, do not affect the general line of policy, which
is not less hostile than insulting to France and to
the French Government. The Times is essentially
an English journal ; it can speak, when necessary,
like the good folks of Dover, but it thinks and acts
like the jurymen of London. We are sorry to see
the French press, particularly the Moniteur and
the Constitutionnol, caught by such meagre bait.
It would indeed seem as if France was rendered
perfectly happy when an English journal, but above
all, the Times, consents to pronounce a few words
of courtesy which are not binding, or a few words
of justice, which are even less serious. We trust
that the French journals will cease to be duped by.
such grimaces, and will no longer regard them as
a satisfaction given to French honour. Let us
rather swallow the insult in silence, if necessary,
than accept this derisive satisfaction."
BOURSE, April 21.—The following were the
closing quotations :-
I,i per Cents
Do. end month — --
3 per Cent. ..... 69 10
Do. end month 69 10
Bank Shares

Credit Alobilier 705
Do. Account 712 50
RAILWAYS.•
. 1280

Credit Foncier
Belgian 44 .••
Pied montese (5) 9O
Roman B9.j
Austrian
Spanish Threes
Home Debt . 37.2
FOR CASH.

Midi
Western 6121
Strasburg
Grand Central
Sardinian
Austrian

gati on board, it was answered that Lombardi indi-
cated him with greater precision. At a previous'
pait of the trial I have stated that a companion of
Lombardi declared in court that Lombardi had con-
fessed to him that what he had said was false and
dictated by revenge. Lombardi too made a similar
declaration on coming out of hospital. The sergeant
who assisted the Lieutenant in waking the " Act"
gave similarevidence. An officer belonging to Ponza
said, "I went on board with the captain of the port.
I saw Sitzia on the paddle-box—he told me that
he had been betrayed. From his language and
manner I believed him. He went down with me.
He was permitted to come up again on deck.
(Sitzia.—" I went up to see if I could make my
escape, but I was pushed back again .") Pisacane,
together with many of the relegati of Ponza," pur-
sued the witness, "was on board and commanded
everything. At his instigation the vessel went out
a mile and a half from the port. A sergeant, when
he saw the steamer approach, thought that the
Bishop of Gaeta, who had long been expected, was
coming at last, saw lthe tricolour flag, tried to get
eight or nine soldiers together, but resistance was too
late, and by order of the Commander we retired to
the Torre. Two written orders were brought to me
from the Commission, telling me to give up my
arms. I refused to obey. At last the Commander
came himself, and I gave them up. I gave up 40
muskets and two boxes of ammunition." Presi-
dent—" You did not do your duty. In war a sol-
dier dies. You committed a great fault." An officer
called Luciano deposed that some of the party came
to the prison and said, " Svergognati ! see how you
keep Uwe unfortunate men in prison. "It is not
I," I replied, " but law that does it." Seeing
that many persons were afraid, those dressed in red
encouraged them, saying, " Don't fear anything,
we are all gentlemen." A Customhouse officer
deposed that, among those who landed from the
first boat were two gentlemen with pistols, and
the temporary captain with the skip's papers—the
latter had two swords which had been taken from
soldiers disarmed. Other Crown witnesses, how-
ever, have deposed that D.i.nOn acted under com-
pulsion—that he bad pistols, and that he had not
pistols, so as to make a regular pasticcio of the
affair. There can be no doubt that he was as
innocent as any of the others. A Sotto Capo
Urbano deposed that be went by order to Padula,
together with his company, at the end of June
last. In answer to a question from the Presi-
dent, ho replied that they took no account of
those who were "Passati per le armie" (put to the
sword.) The President dictated to the Secretary,
" The witness does not know how many were killed
at Padula." " I beg," said the advocate Caralti,
" that the words passati per le armie' be entered."
"Batter," said the president, "to write killed.' "
The words were entered accordingly. Nor is this
the only occasion on which a variation has been
made from the exact words of the witness.
The Court broke up late, and it was announced
that on the morrow the trial would be suspended.