The Sun.
London, England, 1856-05-09 00:00:00

THE STIN, LONDON FRIDAY EvElvive, MAY 9, 1856,

had the war continued, we should have heard of their
rendering most efficient and useful aid. He would avoid
all topics of controversy, and therefore say nothing of
the original formation of those foreign legions. But with
regard to their present position and their future pros-
pects', whatever ohjsctions there might have been to the
manner in which they were originally raised, he was cer-
tain there would be but one opinion that, the war bay-
ing been now closed, those foreign troops ought to be
dealt with liberally. and generously. (Cheers.) They
had come forward to assist the British Government in
its hour of difficulty, and many of them would have ex-
posed themselves to consequences and placed themselves
in a position more or less inconvenient and unpleasant to
themselves ; their relations with their own country had
been to a great extent interfered with by their enlisting
in our service. How we might be able to dis-
pose of them it was not for him (Lord Derby) to say,
but he did say that the country would approve and
would expect that they should be dealt with liberally by
our Government, (Cheers.) There was another service
to which their lordship? attention had been called.
He meant that of those English country gentlemen
who, sacrificing their own private affairs, their domestic
ease and comfort, had exposed themselves to all the in-
conveniences and privations which were attached to ac-
tive service ; and those men who, having enlisted in the
first instance only for a casual and very temporary ser-
vice, within their own immediate neighbourhood, had
cheerfully responded to each successive demand upon
them, had been in embodied service, had cheerfully left
their homes and country, and efficiently supplied the
place of the regular troops in foreign garrisons, thereby
adding materially to the member of our forces at the
seat of war ; and he would venture to say that they
would have been only too happy, if her Majesty had
thought fit to accept the tender of their further services,
and permitted them to share the perils and the glories of
war along with the regular troops, instead of acting in a
subordinate position. (Cheers.) He trusted that, now
he war was over, now that we had proved the efficiency
of the militia, when we had been enabled by this instru-
mentality to raise not less than 100,000 men, of whom
30,000 men had been already dra test into the regular
army, and between 60,000 and 70,000 more remained, a
large proportion of whom, if the war had continued,
would no doubt have gone on to feed the army—he trust-
ed that we should not be in haste to dispense with the
services of that most valuable assistance to our military.
force. (Cheers.) He knew that in time of peace we
could not keep those militia regiments permanently ens-
bodied, nor did he think it desirable that we should do
so, but he trusted that we should not fall into the error
which had been committed on former occasions, of suf-
fering the staff and organisation of those regiments to
fall altogether into disuse and inefficiency ; that we
should not neglect to keep up, at all events, such a nu-
cleus of each regiment as might be called out every year,
or every two years, for a certain period of service, so
that the whole skeleton of the militia system might be
always ready to be filled up and completed whenever
occasion should arise, and so that we might keep alive
amongst the men the habits of discipline which had been
now acquired, and 'the military feeling which had been
engendered, by the short period of service which they
had undergone. He quite agreed with the noble lord
the Minister of' War, that both as to the militia and the
regular army i.; would be very false economy to do away
' hastily with that which had now been established. Re-
ductions on a large scale must undoubtedly take place,
but whatever reductions were made in the numbers, let
us keep up the efficacy of the system—let us keep the
organisation complete, and improve it —let us keep the
men and the regiments of our army, not as a mere
agglomeration of men and regiments, as they were at
the commencement of the war, but as a regularly organ-
ised, though not a numerous army, formed in brigades
and divisions, and habituated to act together, so that
whenever we should again be at war, numbers might be
all that we should then require. These numbers we might
depend upon it the spirit of the country would always
affird ; but to make numbers effective and available, it
was necessary that we should have a complete organisa-
tion, and officers who were accustomed to act, together,
and acquainted practically with the working of that sys-
tem by which, in time of peace, a model would be repre-
sented, on a miniseure scale, of the organisation of an
effective army. (Cheers.) He woul I not detain their
lordships any longer,' but he cordially agreed, as the
house and country unanimously would agree, in the vote
of thanks which had been proposed.
The Duke of CAMBRIDGE felt thet, as he belonged
to the army, it would ill become him to add one word to
what had been said on both sides of the house, as to the
conduct of this war ; but, as having been present in some
of the gloßious scenes of the campaign—(cheers)—and
having been a witness of the hardships to which both
officers and men were exposed in it, he might be permit-
ted to say, that those hardships were borne with a cheer-
fulness and with an endurance which had reflected credit
on every individual of the men who were so circum-
stanced ; and he knew that it had required all the energy
of mind and body, both for men in high position and for
the men in the lower grades of the army, to go through
what that army bad to endure in November and Decem-
ber, 1854. (Hear.) And he was quite sure that all those
who had survived that portion of the campaign--that all
those who bad gone through it and were now alive—
would feel grateful to their lordships for the compliment
which was now so handsomely and liberally paid them.
There was one tribute he was anxious to pay, and which
especially was what he had risen now to do. Allusionhad
- been made to the services of the navy. It was correct, as
had been stated by his noble friend, that the navy—and
he alluded now to the navy in the Black Sea—had not
those opportunities of distinguishing themselves which
were given to tho army ; but the cause of that was that the
enemy, as had been correctly stated, did not choose to
come into collision with our navy. Wherever an op-
portunity was afforded to them, they had bebn but too
anxious, too zealous, 'and too desirous to avail them-
selves of it. Raving himself seen the manner in which
the navy went into action on the' 17th of October,
1854, before Sebastopol, be was sure that these who
were engaged in that operation deserved and fully me-
rited the thanks of the house. But further, he could as
a witness assure their lordships that the services ren-
dered by the navy to the army had been such that,
without the navy, and without their cordial assistance,
we could never have arrived at that happy result which
had been so fortunately attained. From the admirals
to the lowest grade in the navy, everybody had worked
zealously to supply the wants of the army ; and those
wants, it was well known, were indeed very pressing.
He thought that, if nothing else had resulted from this
war than the great cordiality and good feeling which
now existed betWeea the two services, and the hearty
co-operation between them, it was a most fortunate re-
sult ; and, on the part of the army, he gladly availed
himself of that opportunity of expressing his thanks to
the navy for their assistance. One more circumstance
he would allude to regarding the militia. He certainly
was delighted to find that the militia had not been
omitted in the thanke now given ; for no doubt, although
they did not actually join in the operations of the war,
he was sure, from various circumstances, that there
were many militia regiments which would have willingly
gone out as a body, and have joined the army ; and, no
doubt, the fact-of those militia regiments volunteering
when they did was of the greatest assistance to her Ma-
jesty's Government, and t the greatest usefulness to the
country, as it enabled all those regiments which were
then in the Mediterranean to he forwarded to the seat
of war, and that at a moment when matters were very
pressing. He therefore most cordially joined in the
hanks to the 'militia for their services, and having him-
self seen many of the militia regiments, he might be
permitted to assure the house that, with the exception
of their uniform, he should hardy have known, in many
instances, the militia regiment from a regular regiment.
Tne Earl of CARDIGAN as a humble member of the
army expresst d the satisfaction ieh he was sure'every
office must feel at receiving this vote of thanks. He
would also add his tribute of respect to the late Lord
Raglan, that distinguished general under whom he
served, and under whose command all the great victories
and glories acquired by our army were gained. He
deeply regretted that nolle lord had not lived to see the
reward of all his great services in the restoration of
peace. He was perfectly satisfied that there never was
a finer army than the British army which now stood in
the Crimea, with regard to its numbers, its discipline,
is organisation, and its efficiency. He would say, as he
believed with all their lordships, that be viewed the re-
storation of peace with satisfaction ; he believed that
the war had been carried on with vigour by the Govern-
ment, and that the peace was a safe and honourable one.

Earl GRANVILLE complimented the illustrious
duke, who bad himself contributed in no small degree to
the success of the war by sharing the hardships of the
soldier. He (Earl Granville) rose on the part of her
Majesty's Government to express their sincere thanks
to the noble earl (Earl of Derby) for the useful and elo-
quent speech be had just made ; not for any political ad-
vantage which it gave to the Government, but because
it showed the two services that whatever betided in that
house they were safe from party conflicts, and that they
might rely upon the grateful feelings of all parties. He
(Earl Granville) confessed that be thought that part of
his speech was most graceful on the part of the noble
lord when ho spoke of the gallant foreigneis who had
joined this country because they believed the war to be
a just one ; and he thought it would be mo,t useful to
the country to see the course pursued on this occasion
by those who were usually opposed to her Majesty's
Government. In one point the speech of the noble earl
strengthened the hands of the Government—namely, as
regarded the disbanding of the army. He believed the
views of his noble friend at the bead of the Depart-
ment were, not to encourage lavish expenditure, not to
keep up an armed force which the wants of the country
did not require, but to keep up, at the least expense,
that organisation which could best be developed if war
should again occur.

Earl GREY gave hie cordial assert to the vote before
the house, but he could not concur in the spirit of his
noble friend's concluding observations. He wa,, he con-
fessed, alarmed when be heard his noble friend express
a hope that the house would not let the military power
of this country fall into the state it was on the last peace
on a view of false economy. He thought it was a wise
economy, on the contrary ; for it was that which bad
mainly contributed to the success of the late war. He
(Earl Grey) had been always of opinion, however, that
the army had not been kept up in the manner it oul,ht
during the peace; but that the grants made by Parlia-
ment for the purpose were sufficiently liberal if properly
applied. That which was most remarkable in the war,
and which must have had the effect of convincing Russia
of the impolicy o' continuing it, was the extraordinary
resources of this country, than which nothing was more
marvellous. These resources arose chiefly from the
wealth accumulated, and the science and skill developed
during the long peace, through the policy he bad de-
scribed. Large vessels, proof against artillery of the
heaviest character, had been constructed in three wntlis,
and all through the policy in question. The policy of
Russia had been, on the contrary, to prevent the growth
of prosperity in the nation, by keeping up an enormous

army in time of peace for a period of 40 years ; and when
the time of trial came, it was found that this great mili-
tary force was unable to compete with the resources of
this country. Russia was c mvinced of her mistake now,
and she was desirous to give free scope to the energy of
her people in the accumulation during peace of that
wealth which might be employed during war. He (Earl
Grey) protested, therefore, against the idea of keeping up
a large military establishment, and he trusted this coun-
try would never think of nmint doing a force prepared
to take the field in a European war.
The motion was then agreed to.
The vote of thanks to the militia *as then put by the
LORD CHANCELLOR.

Lord PANMURE said that this might be a conve-
nient opportunity to state the intentions of the Govern•
ment in reference to the militia. It was proposed to add
to the staffs of the several regiments quartermasters, who
should hold commissions, and who would relieve the staff
from the care of the stores and arms of the regiments.
With regard to the subaltern officers, many of whom
had incurred considerable expense in joining the militia,
it was proposed to allow each subaltern three months'
pay as a gratuity. It was intended to allow assistant
surgeons a year's pay ; and it was intended to pay the
private soldiers at once the pound bounty which was still
due to them.

The Marquis of SALISBURY agked if it was the in-
tention of the Government to add the non-commissioned
officers to the staff, so as so retain it of the strength at
which the regiment was embodied ?

Lord PANKURE E ail the subject of the question was
under the consideration of the Government.

After a few words from the Duke of BUCCLEUCH,
the mntinn was agreed to.
SMOKE NUISANCE ABATEMENT BILL.

On the motion of Lord RHDESDALB, the Smoke Nui
Panes Abatement (Metropolis) Act, 1353, Amendmen•
Bill was read a t•econd time.
MARRIAGE LAW AMENDMENT BILL.

Lord BROUGHAM moved the second reading of a
bill for amending the law of marriage in relation to mar-
riages celebrated on the borders of Scotland.
Lord CAMPBELL did not think the bill would carry
out the objects intended.

Lord Si. LEONARDS thought it desirable that the
marriage law should be placed on a better fou.ndatton in
regard to marriages in Scotland.
After a few words from Lord BROUGHAM the bill
was read a second time.
COUNTY COURT ACTS AMENDMENT BILL.
This bill passed through committee.
JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES WINGING-UP
ACTS AMENDMENT BILL,

This bill also passed through committee and was re.
ported.

THE' PENSION TO LORD DALHOUSIE.

The Marquis of CLANRICARDE, pursuant to notice,
asked " whether her Majesty's Government have sanc-
tioned the grant of pension of 5,0001. a-year chargeable
on the revenues of India to the Marquis of Dalhousie ;
and to move forcopies of any correspondence or previous
communication upon the subject which may have passed
between the Board of Control and the East India Com-
pany ?" No one acknowledged more than he did the
eminent services and great merits of Lord Dalhousie,
but considering the position in which the Court of Direc-
tors stood, he contended it was unconstitutional in them
to grant away the revenue of India in this way, and it
was equally unconstitutional for Ministers to sanction it.
After a few words from several noble lords the mo-
tion was withdrawn.
Their lordships then adjourned.

HOUSE OF COMMONS.--(YESTERDAY.)
THANKS TO THE ARMY AND NAVY.
Lord P ILMERSTON said—l rise, sir, in pursuance of
the notice I have given, to propose to this house to return
its thanks, and express its grateful acknowledgments, for
the great and eminent services performed by that portals'
of the army and navy that was engaged in the operationsof
the war, and for the zeal and merit of the embodied militit
at home and abroad during the period of that war. Sir, it
was natural that the nation should upon the termination of
a successful war, and upon the conclusion of an honourable
and satisfactory peace, be lel by its first impulse to th,
temples of religious worship in order to render thanks to
that Almighty Power which has directed and favoured our
arms during the war, and which has blessed our councils in
the negotiations for peace. The next duty which is incum-
bent upon the country is to return its thanks and express
its acknowledgments to those brave and gallant men who
have, under the blessing of Providence, been the instru
ments by which our success in war has been accomplished
and the conditions of peace have been attained. Sir, it is
the peculiar privilege of a free people, upon the occasion
on which the national will has to be expressed, that they
aro entitled as by right to participate with the Crown
in the expression of the national feeling. (Hear, hear.)
In other countries, not so fortunate in their institutions as
we are, these honourable expressions of gratitude are con
fined to the Sovereign alone; and the brave men whc
have porilled their lives, or wasted their constitutions ir.
the service of their country, have not the additional satis
faction of knowing that, in conjunction with the apfroba-
tion of the Sovereign, they receive the grateful and heart-
felt thanks of their country. Sir, the value of that co-
operation of the Crown and the people is well known, and
cannot be exaggerated. We all remember the remarkablt
expression of tlartt gallant hero, Nelson, who, when going
into action, exclaimed, "Now for Westminster Abbey or
the House of Lords," thereby intimating that he looked for
the co-operation of the Crown and the people in estimating
public services. But if the hopes of such rewards are a con-
solation to those who think that they may not be spared tt
enjoy them, how much more gratifying must those hopes
be to those who think that they will themselves live to re-
ceive the acknowledgments of a grateful country? (Cheers.:
There have been wars, no doubt, of much longer duration
there have been wars much more diversified by great events;
there have been wars in which greater battles have beer
fought, and in which operations have been conducted on
larger scale, but there have been few wars of which tht
result has been more important—(hear)—and there ha
been none in which the various qualities which peculiarly
belong, I am proud to say, to our race, were more called
into action—none in which our brave men had better or
more frequent opportunity of displaying that impetuon•
courage in attack and that irresistible intrepidity in de
fence, that endurance of privation, and all those other
qualities which adorn our soldiers and sailors, than that
which has just terminated. (Hear, hear.) When the,
war began, in March, 1851, there sallied forth from th.
shores of this country a gallant band of about 10,00(
men. At that moment the anticipations of the court
try hardly went beyond, the idea of fortifying the Dar-
danelles and defending Constantinople, They never
dreamt that that gallant band would be increased to the
amount at which our army now stood in the East. Fear
:ever expected that that little band would by successive
augmentations accomplish the great results which have
crowned its labours. It was like that little cloud, no big •
ger than a man's hand, which is often seen in the distant
horizon in other climates, but which is soon followed by
cloud that spreads over the canopy of heaven, and unfolds
elements of power which nothing is able to resist. That
band of 10,000 men had been multiplied by 10, and there
are now under the command of the British general in the
East 100,000 men ; and if the war had continued, the result
of their operations would, I am persuaded, have contribut-
ed still further to justify that vote of thanks which it is
now my duty to pro Pose. (Hear.) The events of the war
are too well known to require any detailed recapitulation
on the part of any one discharging the-duty which now de
volves upon me. It is well known that after our temporary
sojourn on the coast of European Turkey, when it was found
that, by the cessation of the siege of Silistria, no immediate
necessity existed for our remaining any longer on that coast,
our army was transferred, in conjunction with that of our
allies, to the coast of the Crimea. Every one recollects the
glorious battle of the Alma—every one remembers with
what daring intrepidity, led by the gallant hero, as I may
call him, Lord Raglan—(cheers)—the British army, acting
in union with our gallant allies, sharing with the soldiers
of France the same dangers, and braving the same resist.'
ance of the enemy, carried heights which might be deemed
impregnable—defended as they were by troops that were
supposed equal to any in Europe. (Hear.) That battle of
the Alma was not long afterwards followed by the flank
movement on Sebastopol, and the siege of that place. Then
came the equally severe battle of Inkernian ; and it we,
remarkable that these two battles, following each other at
no distant intervals, brought into prominent display tht'
various qualities for which the British soldier has always
been distinguished : for while, on the one hand, the bat-
tle of the Alma showed that nothing could resist the rush
of the British troops—that no enemy could maintain a
position, however strongly defended, against the intre•
pid dash of the British army—so, on the other hand, the
battle of Inkerman showed that, when British troops are
placed to defend a position, whatever may be the force by
which that position may be attacked, however superior the
numbers by which it may be assailed, there is that in the
stern steadiness of the British character that will enable the
British soldier to maintain his position against any force
that may be directed against him. That defence of Inker-
man reminds me of an incident in the battle of Waterloo.
When an officer, at a moment when superior numbers
threatened the position of the British army, asked the
Duke of Wellington what he meant to do, the simple
answer of the Duke was, " I do not mean to budge
ran eara this to-night." (Hear, hear.) So again at Inker•
°
the position power was able to dispossess the British from
that
memorable which they held. And then there was also
battle of Balaklava—a battle in which
all arms had an equal
opportunity of displaying their
skill and intrepidity At that battle the gallant 93d,
when charged by a force of
course to the ordinary tactics cavalry
riyn,fadnitsai
rdy by disdained to
mliaveinreto-
square, but stood in line as if they hadnothing but infantry
that the
like themselves to encounter, and in that
position repelled
the attack of the enemy's cavalry. At
Bri-
tish heavy cavalry had an opportunity ofb
they could perform, and the charge which teywimnai we
was
one most honourable to our arms. The charge of tlaceliZlit
cavalry upon the same occasion, although unfortunately
not successfnl, as, indeed, under the circumstances, it could
not be expected to be, was nevertheless, one of the most
heroic enterprises that was ever undertaken. (Hear, bear.)
lt was an enterprise of which the countrymen of those
gallant soldiers may well be proud, and Which will live in
the records of history as long as the memory of these days
shall survive. Then there were two other occasions
also of which the English people may well be proud,
although victory did not then attend our arms. I mean
the two attacks on the Redan—the ono of the 18th of
June, and the other on the Bth of September. (Rear.

These attacks were not succassful, because it was hardly
possible that success should attend them. But no one can
fail to admire the daring courage with which our troops
traversed the open space of 250 yards, exposed to a most
martlerous fire of cannon, of musketry, and of every imple-
ment of warfare calculated to deter men from persevering
in an attack. In spite of difficulties and dangers, which
would have made any other men quail, our troops still
rushed forward in theperformance of their duty, and though
they fell by scores and by hundreds, nevertheless they re-
mained faithful to their duty, and accomplished all that
human bravery was capable of accomplishing; and although
success was impossible, honour and glory were obtained.
(Cheers.) I have already said that the events of that war
brought out all the qualities which adorn and dignify the
race to which we belong. Bravery in action is a quality
which we do not pretend, to monopolise; it is a quality
which is shared by other nations, which we are proud of
in ourselves, and which we honour and respect in others.
(Hear.) But the power of endurance—the power of sub-
mitting to privation and silent suffering is perhaps a quality
still more to be admired, because it is less general than
that which boldly leads men to despise danger; and that
quality our army laud ample opportunity of displaying.
We all remember the sufferings of that brave army during
the dark and dismal months of the first Crimean winter,
when, notwithstanding all the care and efforts of the Go-
vernment at home—notwithstanding the fact that there
were in the immediate neighbourhood great quantities of
everything essential for the comfort of the troops—yet,
owing to that want of arrangement which was, perhaps,
incidental to the first beginning of a war on such a scale, at
such a distance, and after so long a period of peace, the
troops were unfortunately subjected to the greatest and
most trying privations ; and, in addition to that, they had
to perform a duty which seldom befalls an army in the field
—they had to carry on siege operations of the most difficult
kind. When a large army invests a fortress, however
large that fortress may be, the garrison is limited in num-
bers, the extent of works is known, and it is a matter of
scientific calculation at what period of the siege a breach
can be made, and the superior force without can place it-
self in personal conflict with the inferior force-confined
within. -But this was a case of a totally different kind.
Here were two armies, equal in number, or, if there was
any difference, the army of the enemy was superior, in
the first instance, at all events in numbers; it hat an
open communication to the rear, by which great reinforce-
ments could be brought down periodically from the inte-
rior of the country. The position of the enemy precluded
a battle in the field, and our army had therefore to carry
on the siege against not a limited fortress and garrison,
but the whole military power of the Russian empire; and
the operations of a siege so conducted necessarily imposed
upon our gallant troops an amount of fatigue, followed by
sickness, which has seldom occurred for so long a period
together in the military history of the world. (Hear.)
Our mea bore their sufferings with the same steadiness
with which at Alma they had carried the heights of the
enemy, and with which at Inkerman they had defended
their own position; and, to the honour of the British sol-
dier be it said, that in the long course of those operations
they displayed not only courage and endurance, but that
generosity which belonged also, I am proud to say, to the
character of our countrymen. (Cheers.) It is well known
that many a private soldier, whose health had been im-
paired by his servicea, who ought to have gone into hospi-
tal, and who was advised or commanded to do so, refused
to avail himself of permission, or to comply with such
orders, because he said, if he did, the duty would fall
heavier on his comrades, and he would, he said, go on as
tong as he could, and share with others the labours and
dangers of the siege. The history of the war confirmed the
well-known adage—
" That noble actions may as well be done
By weaver's issue as by prince's son."

(Cheers) The private soldiers were distinguished in the
war by every quality which gives dignity to human nature,
ind of the conduct of their officers it is impossible to say
too much. Such, then, having been the bearing of our
brave soldiers, without entering into any further details,
[ think you will reedily concur that there cannot be a fit-
ter occasion upon which this house, as the organ of the
national sentiment, should express its thanks and convey
its acknowledgments to those brave men who have thus
earned the gratitude of their country. In regarding the
;rest and glorious deeds of those who survive, it is impos-
sible not to remember with feelings of regret those of whose
services the country has bean deprived. We have lost in
that war many a bravo and gallant officer and man. S ,me
have perished on the field of battle, others have fallen in the
service of their country by the wasting effects of disease.
But those who have suffered private losses must at least
save the consolation of thinking that, whether their gal-
taut relatives fell on the field of battle, or by wasting di•
sease, they are equally entitled to the gratitude and admi-
ration of their country, and that their names will equally
survive in the fond and proud recollections of England.
We lost, in the first place, that great man, for so, on ac-
count of his neble qualities, he may well be called, Lord
Raglan. He had reached a time of life when, without
my disparagement to himself, ho might have declined the
motive service proposed to him to take. He hold high and
important official situations. He had won his spurs in for-
ger wars, by the side of his greet commander and friend,
:he Duke of Wellington. He of an age when men are
;enerally considered exempt from active duty, but haring
devoted all his life to the public service, he would not
shrink at the last from the call which his Sovereign and
'ifs country thought proper to make upon him. He fell a
sacrifice to that performance of his duty—(cheers)— and
[ am convinced that the only feeling of regret which
crossed his mind at the last moment of his life
vas that he hat not the good fortune to fall in
;he field of battle, the dangers of which ho hail often
so bravely and freely encountered, end the consolation
to breathe his last in the front of an enemy, rather
-.han in the manner which it had pleased Providence to
selease him. We cannot sufficiently lament those other
;anent generals whom we have lost. Cathcart, Golding,
itrano•ways, Torrens—ay, Torrens, for though he did not
lie in the Crimea, ho succumbed to the wounds he received
hero—(cheers) -Estccurt, and Sir John Campbell, and
ether names which belong to the same cataloguo of brave
)(Beers. But it must be a satisfaction to the families of
hese men that, though by the will of Heaven they were
taken, they died in a noble cause, maintaining the honour
ev their country and their own dignity. Although onr losses
we deeply to be deplored, yet, upon the whole, taking into
consideration the great difficulties which our armies had to
encounter, the various battles they have fought, and the
cervices in which they have been employed, it cannot be
laid that the number is greater than might inevitably have
'men expected. The whole amount of casualties of all
rinds in the course of the war—that is to say, the whole
amber drawn from the army bydeath in the geld, by death
n hospitals, or by discharge under various circumstances,
amounts to 22,456 men, of which the number killed in
action was comparatively small. Ido not mean to underrate
he extent of these losses ; at the same time, when we cona-
sere the disasters of war with those calamities to which
dl nations are subject—with the scourge of pestilence—it
oust be remembered that one epidemic sweeps away far
nore men than those I have enumerated. The dangers of
hese epidemics may be mitigated by art and science. It
las been said that in peace sons bury their fathers, and in
var fathers bury their sons ; but it must be recollected that
here are in peace calamities which sweep away whole fa-
nilies, and leave mothers widows and children orphans.
these calamities may be avoided by the appliances of art
ind skill. We ought, therefore, to be thankful that our
osses have not been greater than they are ; and, when we
consider that there are 90,000 Russians lying under the sod
en the heights before Sebastopol—and, as I have been as-
sured, on good authority, since the commencement of the
.var 500,0J0 men have been swept away from the Russian
army—althongh these results do but increase the horrors,
sod make us to regret the necessity of war, at the same
time we cannot but be thankful that our losses have been
eemparatively so small in prosecuting a just and necessary
war to a successful issue. (Hear, hoar.) In this war the
levy has not had the same opportunity of so brilliantly
listinguishing itself as the army. The Emperor of Russia
lad for some time expended a large portion of the revenue
d' his empire in collecting together a vast navy, as well as
s great army, but the presence of the British ships was
done snfficient to deter that fleet from coming into contact
vith them ; and neither in the Baltic nor in the Black Sea
tad our brave and gallant navy any opportunity of encoun-
`-,ering that fleet which our enemy had for so long a time,
and at eo large a cost, prepared for war. But in the Black
lea the navy contributed greatly towards the successes of
,heir brothers in arms. Fear not only were they ever ready
o meet the enemy at sea, bet we know that a naval.brigade
was formed, who took up a position in the trenches before
Sebastopol, and the blue jackets and the rod coats, side by
side, shared the dangers and the toils of the Beige. We
night have extended our operations in the Black Sea, and
'aid in ashes the city of Odessa, but we thought it better
'lot to do so. (Hear, hear.) And, therefore, that which
is sometimes made matter o reproach to our navy, was, in
-etlity, a matter of satisfaction. (Hear.) The house will
also remember that there is to be no longer any fortifica-
tions on the Aland Islands. Well, in the succeeding cams
oa.ign, we were no less fortunate, Admiral Dundas having
accomplished the destruction of the great arsenal of Svveas
berg, an enterprise which was conducted with great skill
'aid courage. Well, then, I say our brave sailors, no less
than our gallant soldiers, are entitled to the admiration
aid thanks of the country. (Cheers.) But I say it is a
proud fact recorded in the history of Europe, that Eng-
land having begun the war with a small army, and a
comparatively small navy, at the end of two years tho
country which began the war with 20,000 men, ended
that war, having in the Mediterranean under their
general, including the foreign corps, 110,00) troops, such
as were well described by a noble lord in another place as
placing this country in a position of exhibiting a mighty
armament the like of which the world never saw before.
(Cheers.) But, sir, it is due to the great body of the men
who compose the civil service of the country to do them
the justice to say that they lent a most efficient aid in car-
rying out the operations connected with the war. The
army in the Crimea required immense supplies of every
article and material connected with warlike operations ;
and without the utmost energy of the civil administration,
it was impossible that the army could be now in such a
condition as no army ever stood in before. (Cheers.) In
the same manner with regard to the fleet the First Lord of
the Admiralty never could have produced such an aug-
mentation of our naval force if he li id not been seconded
by all the subordinate officers under him, including the
people employed in the dockyards. (Cheers.) Well, air,
neither can we forget the groat services rendered by the
militia. (Hear, hear.) We must remember that that force
was intended only for self-defence ; that it was officered by
the gentlemen of the country ; and I may mention that,
though ten regiments went out for foreign service, there
were 68 regiments who offered their services besides those
who actually went. (Cheers.) I must do them the jus-
tice to say, that the regiments that went out were models
of military efficiency ; and I had it from the officer who
commanded at Gibraltar that-he never met a better officer
than Col. Wilson Batten. (Cheers.) With regard to the
act which enabled the Government to employ foreign corps
I may state that we have in our service 16,000 Swiss, Ger-
mans, and Italians, and better troops I never saw—(hear)
—anti if the war had gone on I believe the country would
have been thankful to those men who had entered into her
service. (Hoar, hear.) In former years the militia had
been raised by conscription; bat it is now a remarkable fact
that in all our vast armament we have neither in the army
nor navy one man who has not entered as a volunteer.
(Loud cheers.) Thus it is clear you have augmented your
forces solely by the public spirit of the people (Cheers.)
Well, then, I say those men of your army and navy have
well earned the thanks of this house ; but, sir, though it
is not within the functions of the Parliament of a free
country to interfere as the dispensers of praise or censure,
in regard to another country, yet I k, m sure in the expres-
sion of our feelings we cannot for a moment forget the
great services that were rendered by the army and navy
of our illustrious ally the Emperor of the French. (Loud
cheers.) Neither can we forget the services of the gallant
troops of Sardinia—(hear, hear)—nor those of the Sultan
of Turkey. (Hear, hear.) To speak of the achievements
of the French army were to mention everything great in
the history of man ; those achievements are too well known
to require
praise from any living man—history is the best
record of their glorious achievements. (Cheers.) But, at
the same time, it must be pleasing to every man in this
a
country, and matter of satisfaction to know that the

forces of Franco and England, whether soldiers or sailors,
worked together like brothers in arms, and that a feeling
of brotherhood existei among them: (Cheers.) The troops
of the King of Sardinia did not arrive in time to take
part in those great actions which distinguished the earlier
actions of the war, but at the Tchernaya they displayed a
military science which did them the greatest honour ; and
I believe, if the war had continued, they would have per-
formed feats of most distinguished bravery. (Cheers.) Sir,
for the Turks I may say that they kept watch and ward
on the Danube. (Cheers.) They defended with skill—
Omer Pacha showed he had great skill—the posts entrusted
to them, and in a subsequent period of the war, at the
only opportunity offered them of distinguishing themselves
—at Kars—they fully bore out their character for bravery.
(Cheers.) The noble lord concluded by placing the resolu-
tion for a iota of thanks to the army and navy in the
hands of the Speaker.

Mr. DISRAELI—I have the honour, sir, to second the
motion for a vote of thanks to the army and navy on
the conclusion of a war which, though as the noble lord
justlyobserved, has been of immense importance, yet owing
to the marvellous improvements in the modes of communi-
cation, and the complete information which has reached ns
from the scenes of this war, has been characterised by dif-
ferent features from any preceding war. There has been a
variety of means, and a development of heroism that have
become, as one may say, household words in every village,
and at every fire-side ; and the Government has been sus-
tained with a firmness which can only arise from a convic-
tion such as the noble lord has touched upon. We have had
pitched battles and a protracted siege ; and we have had
throughout this campaign such traits of individual heroism
as were never exceeded in any previous war. It is true the
fleet of England never in this war met an enemy ; and we
must remember that the flag of England for the first time
waved in those waters in a hostile attitude. (Hear) The
noble lord has alluded to that third arm of her Majesty's
forces—the marines—which has always been conspicuous
for its daring deeds, and which have this evening reaeived
that expression of admiration which they eminently chasm ye.
(Hoar, hear.) lam very glad the noble lord dwelt with so
much feeling and justice on the services of the militia.
(Hear.) I think the manner in which the people of this
country, when the militia was embodied, rallied round
their natural leaders, one of the most significant and im-
portant proofs that the heart of England is true. (Cheers.)
The noble lord has reminded us that 10 regiments of militia
have served in our foreign garrisons during the late war.
Bat the house should bear in mind that it is not merely
those 10 regiments that have defended our Mediterranean
garrisons and been employed in active service, but that
those 6 t regiments, who, in a manner so much to their
credit, have offered their services to their Sovereign have,
so to speak, bean present in great battles. For it was from
their ranks that many of the best youths of England en-
tered into the regular army. Thirty thousand good and
picked men ware by the militia contrihuted to our land
forces, and it may be remembered, with a pride common
to both sides of the house, that the, gentlemen of Eng-
land during the war garrisoned our arsenals in this country,
and defended our strong places abroad—a pride not di-
minished by the circumstance that many of those gentle-
men are members of the House of Commons. (Cheers.)
The noble lord spoke with a just feeling of satisfaction of
our relations with our gallant allies. Admirable as was
the fortune of Marlborough and Eugene, I think we may
look beak to the struggle, and feel that the co-operation
of England with her allies is not inferior in concord, and
sympathy, and general success to what prevailed in that
illustrious age. But whilst joining with the noble lord in
the fullest expression of thanks to our gallant allies, let
us not forget some who were not our allies—who were not
the soldiers of our Sovereign, but to whom it is no less
generous than wise to do justice: (Hear, hear.) I believe
it is the father of poetry who said "that the strength of
the conqueror cannot be more surely estimated than by
the character of him who has been conquered." The men
with whom the soldiers of our Queen and our allies had
to contend were no common men, and were not meanly
commanded. (Hear, hear.) The descendants of those
legions who fought under Suwarrow, and triumphed at
the Borodino, though conquered at Sebastopol, proved
themselves foemen worthy of the chivalry of France and
England. (Cheers.) And in doing justice to our late
opponents, we are only placing the achievements of our
fellow-countrymen, and of our allies in their true aspect
and proper condition. (Hear, hear.) And I feel great
pleasure in seconding the motion ; and, if it were not pre-
sumptuous, I would, before I sit down, express an opinion
that when, I will not say the verdict of posterity, but
the calm and unimpassioned verdict of the times in which
we live is given upon these events, it will be acknowledged
that in this Atruegle our country has shown all those qua-
lities which maintain national greatness, and which pre-
vent the decline and fall of empires. (Cheers.),
The motion having been put,
Mr. STAFFORD pease(' a enlogium upon the navy, by
which it was that our alliance was first cemented with
France, when the French and English ships wore placed
yard-arm to yard-arm in Besika Bay. Attempts were made
to disseminate discord, but tho admirable conduct of Ad-
miral Deans Dundee, to whom the country owed much.
frustrated all these efforts, and completely cemented that
alliance. That gallant admiral, though most unjustly cen-
sured, had never said or written a word in his own vindi-
cation. Time had shown that that which he was blamed
for not doing could not have been done, and he retired into
private life with the approbation of a good conscience, and
the good wishes of all who knew this gallant and true-
hearted sailor. The hon. gentleman then alluded to the
sufferings of the troops in the East during the early part of
the war, and contrasted their miserable condition then
with the comfort, health, and abundance which they now
enjoyed. The House of Commons unable to endure the cry
of the soldiers agony, had taken the hazardous step of
changing the Administration ; and it had since listened
with the utmost patience and interest to any member how-
ever humble, who soul I ingest anything which might lead
to the amelioration of the condition of our troops. Our
army in the Crimea was now well fed, well lodged, well
clothed—so well as to excite the admiration--he believed
he might almost say the envy—of foreign generals. If they
were sick they were taken to our hospitals, which possessed
such an amplitude of resources and excellence of detail' that
as a French medical officer had told him, it was vain to
compete with. If the men were sent home, the transports
had the best accommodation, differing, indeed, little from
land hospitals, except that the sea breezes played round
them, When they arrived home, they were taken to es-
tablishments where every want was provided for, every
wish anticipated, as any one might see at Brompton or
Chatham. The bon gentleman then read an extract from a
private letter from Miss Nightingale, in which that lady
said she never saw so teachable and thankful a class as our
soldiers. If they were aflorded a little rational amusement
they would not drink, if there was work to be done, they
would do it, if there was suffering they would boar
it. She would rather have to do with the army than with
any other clasp, and was struck with the superiority of the
soldier as a moral and intellectual being. (Cheers.) The
hon. gentleman, as we understood him, concluded by re-
commending, as an act of grace and favour, and as a solid
proof that we estimated the services of our soldiery, that
the Government should release from custody all those ju-
venile offenders who were in prison for the first time, nod
give them one chance more of retrieving their characters
and earning an honest livelihood. He made this sugges-
tion very humbly to the Government, anti he hoped they
would consider such an act as a not unworthy mode of ex-
psessing our desp and sincere joy and satisfaction at the
conclusion of the war. (Hear.)
The motion was then agreed to.
REFORMATORY SCHOOLS (IRELAND) BILL.

The house then went into committee on the bill.
Mr. DUNLOP moved several amendments to the bill.
Mr. MAGUIRE' objected that the schools were used as
a reply of proselytising. While the hon. gentleman was
speaking,
An HON. MEMBER moved that the house be counted,
but there be;.ng more than 40 members present, the com-
mittte resumed.

An HON. MEMBER having again moved that the com-
mittee be counted, and as there were only 37 members Pre•
sent, . _

The SPEAKER took the chair, and upon counting no
more than 32 members in the house, he declared the house
adjourned at 20 minutes to eight o'clock.

WHAT NEXT ?—TEE CIL OF THE EXCHE.
QUER AND THE NURSENIAIDS.—It is rumoured that a
tax of one guinea per annum i 3 to be laid upon pPratn-
bulators. A nursemaid's petition is also already talked
of.

THE PORT OF LIVERPOOL —The Liverpool Bill 6
Entry, published by the Customs' authorities, states tba

_..„
the value of duty-free goods imported into that town
during the first threi months of the present year
amounted to 10,447,846/.

THE MAILS.—LIVERPOOL, May B.—The British and
North American mail steam--hip Canada will sail for
Boston, on Saturday. Letters received at the Post-office
until 11 a.m.. with late fee till 12 noon, and at the land-
ing stage till 1 p.m.
A WOMAN'S IDEA OF HAPPINESS.—A lady correspon-
het of the Breton Times gives her ideas of " perfect
bliss" in the following paragraph :—" I'm a woman,
with a woman's weakness, and having a good constitu.
tion can bear a great deal of happine=s I If I was asked
my idea of perfect bliss, I should say,—` A fart horse,
duck of a cutter, plenty of buffalo robes, a neat fitting
over-coat with a handsome man in it. and—one of Ma
dame WalSia's little French bonnets 1' If that wouldn't
he happiness for one lifetime, I'm open to conviction as to
what would
THE ENLISTMENT DISPCITE.—The enlishment affair,
which was made a matter of international dispute, and
permitted to disturb the commerce of the two nations,
was wholly an error of the Government. Had our
Cabinet at once applied the only remedy which was con-
sistent with the dignity of the State—the dismissal of
the parties who violated our laws—there the case would
have ended. The people of the United States cared
little for the offence, or how it might be settled, short of
making it a subject of serious difference between the two
Governments; Tale whole case was one of pure legal
and diplomatic technicality, involving in the acts com-
plained of no feelings of resentment, and demanding at
most its disavowal by the Government of her itajesty.
It was prolonged into a controversy, and magnified into
a serious question of difference, sole_lyNwfeor ulterior pnr_
poses, by the. Pierey-blare Cabin.t.
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SUN 0FF171.0, Seven, o'Clock.

CHESTER RACE.-3.—(This Day.)

(BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPII.)

WIRRAL STAKES.

Theodora..

Saunterer
Stork

Four ran. Won in a canter.
GRAND STAND CUP.

Mary
Mirage
First Fly
Morgan Rattler

Ten ran. Won in a canter by two lengths.
EATON STAKES.

Saucebox

Stork...
Alfred .

Won by two lengths.
HANDICAP STAKES.

Claret

New Brighton.
Lady Florence.

Nine ran. Won by half a length.
CHESHIRE STAKES.

Prince of Orange
Yorkshire Grey
Little Davie