The Sun.
London, England, 1834-10-08 00:00:00

THE BIRMINGHAM FESTIVAL.

BIRMINGHAM, OCT. 6.—This festival, so long the sub-
ject of expectation in the musical world, commences to-
morrow, and the town is consequently in a state of great
bustle and excitement. Strangers are pouring in from all
quarters, and the streets have presented all day a gay and
animated appearance—enlivened by travelliry, carriages
dashing to the doors of the different hotels and inns—por-
ters hurrying along with fiddles and basses, and the other
" instruments of sound "—and crowds of people enjoying
the animation of the scene. Within the splendid new
Music Hall, there has been many a " dreadful note of
preparation ; " for the performers have been industriously
employed at rehearsals, in the course of which they have
perpetrated many a discord never contemplated by the
composer. People who witness the smoothness and ap-
parent facility with which a large orchestra goes through
a series of difficult pieces, have no idea of the pains requi-
site to attain that smoothness. In this country, indeed,
sufficient pains are rarely taken ; and hence our great or-
chestral and choral performances are often distressingly
crude and imperfect. This is peculiarly the case at musi-
cal festivals, and is almost a necessary consequence of the
manner in which they are got up. A great body of singers
and players are brought together from London, and all
parts of the country ; and as considerations of time and
expense render it impossible for them- to assemble till the
very eve of th 6 festival, the whole
_preparation consists of
one confused and hurried rehearsal of a few of the principal
pieces, all the others being left to their fate. In such cir-
cumstances, it is really surprising—and it says much for the
cultivation and skill of the great mass of our English musi-
cians—that the performances are so good as they arc.
Some places, however, are better off in this respect than
others. Birmingham, in particular, has an excellent choral
society ; and its members, beinr, resident, have been for a
considerable time in a course of practice preparatory to this
meeting. It was only such training as this, under very judi-
cious instruction, that could have enabled them to go
through the profound and difficult choruses in the new
oratorio of David, which is the great novelty on this occa-
sion, with the precision and firmness which they exhibited
to-day.

- - .
The new Town Hall, the scene of these performances, is
just finished, and is a building without a parallel in Eng-
l.:rid. It is a piece of very pure Grecian architecture, of
an oblong form, and very advantageously situated in an
elevated part of the town. I presume a number of mean
buildings which now surround it will of course be cleared
away. The interior presents by far the largest and noblest
concert-hall I have ever seen. It is, I believe, 145 feet
long, 65 feet high, and 65 feet wide. At one end is placed
the organ, which rivals that of York in magnificence and
power, and at the opposite end there is a very capacious
gallery. The ornaments of this hall are chaste and ele-
gant. The spaces between the windows are filled up by
Corinthian pilasters corresponding with the pillars which
surround the exterior of the building ; and the roof is
tastefully divided into compartments. This manner of
breaking the surface of the walls and roof of the Hall is
understood to improve it for musical sound, by taking
away that resonance which produces confusion, without
impairing the tones of the voices and instruments. In-
deed, the whole building, both in its exterior and interior,
does the highest credit to the talents of Mr. Hansom, a

3-oung architect, whose abilities are spoken of in high
terms. _

The principal performers are those whose presence is in-
dispensable at every music meeting ; Madame Caradori,
Madame Stockausen, Mrs. Knyvett, Miss Novelle., Messrs.
Braham, Vaughan, Phillips, Taylor,' Horncastle, Bellamy,
Machin, &c. The orchestra consists of 400 performers,
among whom are 50 violins, 24 violas, 16 violoncellos, and
10 double-basses ; with wind-instruments, &c., in propor-
tion. The performances are to be led alternately by Messrs.
Cramer, Mori, Wcichsell, and Loder ; and Mr. Knyvett is
conductor. There are upwards of two hundred chorus
singers ; which number includes the members of the Bir-
mingham Choral Society. The effect of the instrumental
band is prodigiously increased by the use of an instrument
hitherto unknown in England, the contra-bass Ophic/eide,
or keyed serpent. It is a brass instrument of splendid ap-
pearance—apparently twelve or fourteen feet in length, and
of corresponding diameter. In its compass it descends
considerably lower than any bass instrument hitherto known ;
and its tones have great variety of character, from the most
mellow smoothness to the most terrific power. This in-
strument supplies what has always been felt to be a great
desideratum in orchestras—a sufficiently deep and powerful
bass ; and so great are the effects of which it is capable,

that its introduction may be considered as an era in or-
chestral composition. _

At the rehearsal of to-day the whole of Neukomm's
David was gone through ; and as the resideht chorus-
singers had already had many rehearsals, the performance
was wonderfully accurate, and gave great pleasure to the
few musical persons who listened to it. Of the merits of
this work, I shall speak when I come to give you an ac-
count of its performance ; meanwhile I shal only say, that
what I have heard to-day has much increased my admira-
tion of it. _ _

As far as I am able to judge, the gentlemen of the com-
mittee have made every arrangement in a most judicious
manner. The music is well selected, and every attention
has been paid to the accommodation of the public. One
small misunderstanding only we have heard of. Mr. Phil-
lips, in his capacity of principal bass, was entitled to sing
the prominent song, " The trumpet shall sound," in The
Messiah, which, however, by some mistake, was allotted to
Mr. Machin, and so inserted in the books. The difficulty,
however, was got over by the good humour of Mr. Phillips,
who did what is not done every day in such cases—he re-
signed the song to his rival.

-Some of the clergy of the town have been signalizing their
zeal for religion, by writing and preaching, too, I believe,
against a performance of sacred music for the purposes of
benevolence! • Such bigotry is Unworthy of a word of re-
mark ; and it is entirely harmless ; for the performances
will be attended to overflowing. H.

KING GEORGE'S SOUND.

The last accounts from New South Wales furnish some
interesting intelligence respecting the new settlement at King
George's Sound. The town of colony, which is called
Albany, is situated on the N.E. side of Princess Royal
Harbour, a fine basin, of about twelve miles in circumfe-
rence, and three or four miles across. It is, however, very
shoal, excepting in a small plafce near the site of the town,
where a few ships not drawing more than 16 or 18 feet of
water may ride in perfect safety. The entrance into this
harbour is very narrow, and precludes the effect of all high
and stormy winds. The allotments of land are given gratis
in the town, as well as the beach allotments, and the sub-
urban allotments of six acres for country houses. All
other lands may be purchased for ss. per acre. Some of
the laud is very rich, and, with little labour, would prove of
the finest cult.i:•ation. Many sloping vallies of rich pasture
bad been discovered enjoying a fine, mild, and agreeably
climate. The good laud on the hills was very thickly
overgrown with trees. Sheep and cattle thrive exceedingle
well on the wild herbage of the country. The Devon and
Durham heifers, and the pure Merino sheep, landed in the
settlement in September last, were in the finest possible
condition. All vegetables, whether imported from Eng-
land or elsewhere, throve with the greatest luxuriance.
Olives, grapes, gooseberries, currants, roses, orange trees,
China tea plants, mangoes, guavas, &c., were growing well.
The entire population of the settlement, exclusive of the
military, was eighty persons. The most friendly intercourse
had been established with the aborigines, wl:o appear to be
of a milder character than in the other parts of New
Holland. They were much attached to the settlers, and
six or eight were constantly employed in working in the
Governor's garden. The native pigeon and the quail were
numerous. • The colony of the Society of Friends had
taken 80,000 acres on the bank of the French River, at
the head of Oyster Harbour.

The present autum is like a second spring. Cow-
slips and primroses were gathered last week on Claverton-
down ; the eahhage-rose has recommenced blowing, and in
varioul places the laburnums are flowering for the second time,
—Salisbury Herald.
FATAL ACCIDENT AT MESSRS. HOARE AND
CO's BREWHOUSE.—On Monday morning a serious and fatal
accident occurred on the premises of Messrs. Hoare and Co.,
the extensive brewers, in Lower East Smithfield. It appears
that on that morning John Gudgeon, a middle-aged man,
who has been employed for many years by the firm, being
' rather later than usual, and anxious to get to that part of the
premises in which he was generally employed, had, contrary
to his usual practice, crossed the vat-room. This part of the
building being in partial darkness
at the time from the
windows not being opened the unfortunate man, in conse-
quence, fell through a trap-door to the ,
next
by which
ho received such serious injuries that he died ' .es in a few bourn
afterwards.

LORD DURHAM IN DUNDEE.

( From the Dundee Chronicle.)

Lord Durham left Camperdown in an open carriage at
12 o'clock, accom;anied by the Earl of Camperdown and
Lord Kinniard, When his Lordship arrived, the horses
were taken out of his carriage, which was led along to the
Town Hall amidst the cheers of the multitude. As no
place in Dundee could possibly contain one-sixth part of the
immense number who crowded around his Lordship, a tem-
porary hustings was erected in front of the Town House,
for the purpose of enabling all to obtain a hearing of his
speech. Having joined the Provost and Magistrates in the
Council-room, he proceeded along with them to the hust-
ings, where he was received with tremendous cheering.
Silence having been restored, Provost Kay advanced to
the front of the hustings, and addressed the assembly as
follows :

Representing, as I have the honour to do, the Magis-
trates and Town Council of Dundee, I am warranted in
stating, and I think I may do it with confidence, that not
only we, but all our fellow-citizens, congratulate ourselves
on seeing Lord Durham amongst us.—(Great cheering.)
At a meeting of the Magistrates and Town Council on
Thursday, they resolved that an address should be pre-
sented to his Lordship, expressing the high approbation of
the Magistrates and Town Council of his Lordship's long
and unwearied. exertions in the cause of his country_
(Cheenng)—their thanks for the independent political prin-
ciples, supported by his Lordship for upwards of twenty
years ; but more especially for the great boon conferred on
Scatland in particular—he meant the great, glorious, and
bloodless victory of the Reform Bill.—(lmmense cheering.)
And, I may add, that had it not been for the independent,
unflinching, and manly exertions of Lord Durham, it is very
doubtful whether that bill would at this time have been the
law of the land.—(Cheers.) To the Earl of Durham we
are in a great measure indebted for it.—(Greet cheering.)
The Lord Provost then read the address, and added, " I am
sure that not only the Magistrates and Town Council, but ,
every individual will feel proud if the noble. Lord shall allow
his name to be enrolled as a citizen of Dundee." And ad-
dressing Lord Durham, the Provost .said, " I hope your
Lordship will confer •on us the honour of accepting the
freedom of the burgh, which I now present." His Lordship
took possession of his burgess-ticket amidst immense cheers.
Bailie CHRIStIE then came forward as Chairman of
the Dundee Political Union, and, in doing so, said—l hold
this is a proud day indeed for Dundee, seeing that we have
amongst us the very choice of the Peerage. Amongst the
members of the House of Peers there' is not one whose
merits and good qualities wind him round the hearts of the
people like Lord Durham. All entertained the same deep
affection for Lord Durham in the House of Peers as they
had done for Mr. Lambton in the House of Commons.
Others have changed their minds, but he has not done so.
At the gathering in Edinburgh, the other day, I was never
so electrified as at hearing the reply of his Lordship to an
individual who pleaded hard for the do-as-little-as-possible
system, and I would refer at present particularly to the
crowning remark in Lord Durham's speech on that occasion :
" I regret every hour which passes over acknowledged and
yet unreformed abuses." This sentiment gave a tone to
the meeting at the "gathering" which certain parties did
not expect, nor wish, nor like. Much good, I hold, was done
at Edinburgh, though I have been blamed for being there,and
for having compromised my radical principles ; but I have to
say thatl have not and never will compromise principles which
I believe to be sound. I contend for equal rights and laws to
all—and Lord Durham does the same—( Cheering.) The de-
claration I allude to'has,l am sure,taken hold of every memory,
and will descend to posterity as a marked saying of the first
Earl of Durham--(Cheers.) I shall not take up hislordship's
time, or yours, with any farther remarks before reading the
address ; only there is one particular point which I shall no-
tice, embraced by his Lordship's toast at Edinburgh, which
referred to the peace and prosperity of Ireland ; and I trust
that his Lordship will have an especial regard for that ill-
used country, and that he will be able to succeed in putting
a stop to a system of misrule which has existed for centu-
ries, and covered it with blood and ruin. But I trust that
a better feeling exists at head-quarters respecting Ireland as
an integral part of the empire, and that she has seen her
worst days.—(Cheers.) If the Government do justice to
Ireland, the trade of agitation will be gone. Let only justice
be done to her and there is nothing to fear. I know my
countrymen well ; and that they have no envious feelings on
account of the possessions of my Lord of Northumberland,
the Duke of Newcastle, or other Tory Peers. The people
will leave these men in the enjoyment of all the bounties
which Providence may have bestowed on him and such
like ; but they insist that his Lordship, and others of the
same stamp, shall not have the power of making laws exclu-
sively for their own benefit, but that they shall legislate for
the benefit of all."—(Cheering.) Bailie Christie then turned
to his Lordship, and said—My Lord, I represent on this oc-
casion the Dundee Political Union, of which, since itsforma-
tion, I have been Chairman. The address of this body con-
tains the sentiments of 99 out of every 100 of the people of
Dundee. Bailie Christie then-read the address, which is
as follows, and delivered it to his Lordship—

" TO EARL DURHAM

" Aly Lord—The Dundee Political Union, and generally
the Operatives of Dundee, rejoice in the opportunity which
your Lordship has afforded them to testify their gratitude to
your Lordship for your able, consistent, and unwearied efforts
in the cause of good and cheap government.
" In the present age, when some men who have been raised
to power and wealth, by pretending to advocate the rights of
the people, seem to have forgotten the principles and opinions
they formerly professed, we rejoice to see that your Lord-
ship has, for honesty arid liberality; sustained your high cha-
racter throughout the various situations in which, by birth and
fortune, you have been placed: yes, both as a Commoner and
as a Peery we still find you the same staunch, able, and uncom-
promising advocate of the.rights and happiness of mankind.
" For your assistance in preparing the Reform Bill, and
your powerful advocacy of its principles in the House of Lords,
the new constituency owe you their best thanks ; and although
its provisions are such, that but very few of the working classes
arc enfranchised—yet, knowing the interest, the power, and
the prejudices with which you bad to contend, they too (al-
though for the present excluded) thank you for the boon, and
hail it as a first step towards the attainments of those rights
which are so dear to every Briton, and of which a borough-
mongering oligarchy have so long deprived us.
" In the way of reform much yet requires to be done,—the
Reform Bill itself has yet to be amended. The streams of
knowledge are wickedly dammed up. We are still oppressed
with monopolies of various descriptions—the corn law mono-
poly in particular bears hard upon the rights of industry—the
beneficial circulation of the bounties of Providence is thereby
prevented. The corporation laws are also peculiarly oppres-
sive ; for by means of them all hope of rising in the world is
almost taken away from the working classes. Our taxation
is enormous as well as unnecessary, to a great extent. It
bears unequally on the different classes of society, pressing
proportionally less on the rich than on the poorer and the middle
classes. Law to a great extent is a mockery of justice. Our
established churches are nests of sinecures, and their ministers
for the most part abettors of the powers trat be—whether
good or bad. Indeed our whole institutions still swarm with
abuses and corruptions.
" May your Lordship long enjoy health and strength to en-
able you to aid in sweeping away such abuses and corruptions,
and in diffusing peace and happiness amongst the human race.
" By appointment and desire of the Dundee Political Union
and other inhabitants of Dundee.
" W. CHRISTIE, Chairman."

The Earl of DURHAM then presented himself, and was
received with loud and enthusiastic cheering, and waiving of
hats and handkerchiefs. The following is an outline of his
speech :—" Gentlemen, I will fairly own that although any
honour which might have been conferred on me by the
authorities of your town would not have been without
value, even if accompanied by no other, it would have been
deprived of the peculiar value I attach to it in connexion
with the affectionate reception I have received from the
trades and working classes of Dundee. Although one of
the privileged class, I have never regarded my privileges as
worth anything, if, along with them, I did not enjoy the
affection of all classes in the community.—(Cheers.) If I
should exercise them for my own benefit, and not for the
benefit of all, Gentlemen, I cannot claim the exclusive
merit the Provost has been pleased to assign me. lam
not the only individual member of the House of Peers
who has always proved himself worthy of the approbation
of the people. I see around me noble lords who have
always cordially acted with me—l mean the Earl of Cam-
perdown and Lord Kinnaird, and that excellent patriot
whom I observe on the opposite side of the street, Lord
Panrnure.*--(Great cheering.) I have never yet struggled
for the people without receiving the cordial assistance of
these peers ; and therefore I cannot apply any compliment
to myself at their expense, but I am willing to share it with
them ; and I repeat my own sentiments, as well as theirs,
when I say that they and I wish nothing which is not com-
patible with the rights and privileges of the community.
Gentlemen, allusion has been made to the Reform Bill. I
will not deny that to me was intrusted the preparation of
the reform bill—(cheers)—aided by others ; and we pre-
pared such a bill, as in the state of the times, we could ex-
pect to carry—a, bill which, though mutilated, conferred on
the people of this country a degree of liberty and freedom
which never before existed in any country, and certainly no,t
in Scotland, where the people could not be said to possess
any political freedom at all. But do I ascribe any pecunar
merit to myself on this account ? No !I am not so vain.
I know that in honouring me you are doing honour t, the
cause of reform ; and that when you reward a pi:We ser-
vant, it will be to consecrate the principles of relo,m, and
to vindicate your own consistency. With this disclama-
tion of any peculiar merit on my part, I will rant deny that
I have exerted myself in the cause of the people ; and I
am thankful for the honours done, and the affectionate
tribute now paid to me.—(Great cheering.) Gentle-
men, it would not be becoming in me to close the pro-
ceedings of this day without adverti'ag, not only to the
address of the Magistrates and Town Council of Dundee, ,

* Lord Panmure was sitting at a wixidow in Reform-street

HE SUN, L

and the freedom they have conferred on me, but also to the
address of the Political Union, I have never yet, nor
ever will, conceal my sentiments, whether addressing Radi-
cals on the one hand, or Tories on the other.—(Cheers.)
I have ever stated and avowed what my principles are.—
(Great cheering.) I confess that, if I believed all that is
stated in the address of the political union, I should despair
of the prosperity of my country—but I do not believe that
everything is in such a state as is there represented. Much
I know remains to be done, and, with your assistance, it
shall be done : but I do not believe that all is so bad and
rotten in our institutions as is set forth in this address. My
object is not to destroy and reconstruct, but to ameliorate
and amend. There is much that is good and valuable in
our institutions, if it were fairly drawn out ; but much of
what is good in our institutions has, through Tory misrule,
been perverted to other purposes. But I hold that, in our
form of Government by Kings, Lords, and Commons, there
will be found a greater degree of liberty than ever existed
in any other country of the world, and as much rational
liberty as any people under the sun can or ought to enjoy.
—(Cheers.) I ask you of the working classes, who are
the sinews of the state, what would be the consequence of
any system calculated' to produce confuSion ? lam not
aware of any class that would suffer more from such a
state than the operatives. Any thing which tends to de-
rarwe the laws which regulate the employment of capital
and labotTr must necessarily tend to destroy the mercantile
and agricultural prosperity of the country ; and if you take
my advice you will take care that when you ameliorate you
do not destroy.—(Cheers.) Gentlemen, having thus frank-
ly stated that I will not go the length set forth in the ad-
dress read by my honourable friend Bailie Christie, I may
be allowed to state that I am an advocate for the most de-
termined and speedy, correction of all abuses, and that
wherever any abuse can be pointed out, it ought to be im-
mediately reformed. When I entered your town, the first
thing that: struck my eye was the magnificent appearance of
your new docks ; but I would not content myself with al-
ways admiring the'beauty of masonry, or the skill of the
architect. I would iyish to see the waves flowing into it
—the navies of the world riding there ; and thus mani-
festing the increasing prosperity of the town. So it is with
the Reform Bill. It is not sufficient that the people have
the power of electing their representatives—they want to
see the fpits-of it. ''The representation of the people is
not yet perfect ;, but it is better than it was, and the
people ,must wait till they see if the edifice will effectually
answer, its purposes.—(Great cheering.) Gentlemen, we
have been told that there is danger of going too fast, and of
acting without due deliberation. Now, while I admit that
every measure should lie well considered, since due
consideration alone is effectual, I cannot see why time
should be lost in beginning to deliberate. I cannot, for the

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soul of me, see why-, instead of immediately deliberating, we
should stop in our progress. Should any person from
Perth be here, he would doubtless come by the steamer ;
and I would ask what he would have said if the man at the
helm had called out, when they were in the middle of the
Tav, " Stop her."—(Laughter.) He would never have
arrived at Dundee. He would have been in the middle of a
romantic and handsome river no doubt ; but this would not
have satisfied him for not getting to the end of his journey.
Therefore he would say, that the man at the helm of the state
should not stop his course, but guide his vessel speedily and
safely to port.—(Great cheers.) Gentlemen, I ought not to
have detained you so long. Since I ceased to represent the
county of Durham in Parliament, I have not been accus-
tomed to address so large an assemblage, and I was in better
wind for it then than I am now.—(Great cheers.) I cannot,
however, resist the opportunity afforded, by the allusion of
Bailie. Christie to Ireland, of saying a few words about that
country, though it is not immediately connected with the
honours which have been done me. But I cordially agree,
that the prosperity of Ireland is intimately connected and
bound up with the prosperity of England and Scotland ; and
that we ought to put shoulder to shoulder in order to remedy
the evils which exist in that unhappy country. Centuries of
misrule have not deadened a desire amongst the Irish peo-
ple for good government ; and we have only to pursue a
sound line of policy towards them to make that country the
source, of riches and contentment, while, at present, it is
merely a drag on the other parts of the empire—an army
of 30,000 men being required to keep down a people hav-
ing one common interest with ourselves. With these feel-
ings I dismiss this subject, grateful that at length the Go-
vernment are anxious to do justice to the people of Ireland.
In Edinburgh, I said that I would not then enter minutely
into a discussion of the grievances of Ireland—and I say so
now ; but I cannot allude to it without agreeing in the
necessity of something being done for the prosperity of that
country. And now, Gentlemen, allow me to take leave of
you. Although I did not cross the Border in the hope of
receiving any personal honours from the people of Scotland
—although I came for the purpose of doing honour to one
of the most illustrious Statesmen that ever lived—l should
not have the feelings which every man possesses if I were
to repudiate the testimonies of affection and esteem I have
received in Scotland, and if I did not assure you, my fellow
citizens of Dundee, that there is no man in your town, or
in Scotland, more anxious for your prosperity, than I am.
If health and life shall be spared to me, and if opportunity
occur, ,I will endeavour to carry into effect those principles
which I have contended for.—(Great cheering.)
His Lordship then withdrew, after which the meeting
gaVe three times three cheers for his Lordship, and one
cheer more ; three for the Earl of Camperdown ; three for
Lord Panmure ; three for Lord Kinnaird ; three for the
King ; and three for Provost Kay.
We regret that we did not return to the hall with Lord
Durham, &c., where the magistrates had sent for refresh-
ments for their noble visitors.

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Lord Camperdown and Bailie Christie had a sparring
match, which ended as all skirmishes should do—amicably.
Lady Camperdown and the other ladies present seemed
highly delighted.
The most conspicuous thing in the river to-day was Lord
Durham's, yacht, dressed out with flags in a manner that
would be creditable to any of his Majesty's ships of war.
The Dundee steam-ship was also decorated with a display
of bunten, and fired several guns to welcome his Lordship.

6.1

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Ditto Small '37 40 pm.
Ditto C0mmercia1.......... pm.
Ditto Advertised pm.
Bank Stock for Opening 223%
India Stock for Account 213
Consols for Account 9034 t 4 •Ni

.... shut

THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK.
Peruvian Bonds ........ ... 27
Dito Account
Portuguese Bonds B4
•
Ditto Account SOA
Ditto New Bonds 82 3i 2 4;
Ditto Account HI 2%14
Prussian Bonds lOl%
Ditto Bonds,lBl.r lOl
Russian Bonds, 182 105%
Ditto Account lO5
Ditto Metallic 102%
Spanish Bonds 5l 8% 8 % 9l
Ditto Account
Ditto Bonds, 1833 ............... 57,,,
Ditto Account 57%
French, 5 per cent. - f. —e.
--- 4 per cent........... —f —c.
3 per cent. —f. —c.
--- Exchange........... --f. —c.
Dutch, 2% per cent. 524 %
Ditto Account 52,4 '4
Ditto, 5 per cent - 0.4
Ditto Account

PRICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK.
Paid, Per Share,
Alien Mining Company £9 llif
Anglo Mexican wining Company (iss. at 5!. pm.) lOU Bi 4
Ditto Subscription
Bolanos Mining Company l5O 120
Braziliairlinperial Mining Co. (issued at 5/. pm.) 21 _ . 3!li
Ditto Macaubas Cocae,
Ditto Scrip
10 10X
Ditto St. JOhn del Rey lO ni
Cata Bran a Mining Company
Pritish Iron Company 5O 29
British Copper Cump ny. .
Columbian Mining Company (issued at 51. pm.).— 53N IWA II
English Mining Company l2 ..i 23
Hibernian Mining Company lO, 3
Mexican Mining Company 4914 3,G
Re it del Monte Mining Co., Registered 314 Ills. 6d. 33
Ditto Unregiitered- - • , : 29
4
United Mexical.(issued at .21. pin.)
Ditto Subscription
Ditto New Scrip .
Union Gold 1
Liverpool and Manchester Railway Company lOO
London and'Birmingham Railway Company l5
London anal .Greenwich Railway Company 7
Australasia tank - '' _ 17
Australian Company 2(ihi
.
C inada Company
General Steam Navigation Company
London and; Westminster Ban: -
National Provincial Bank of England
Provincial Bank of Ireland
Rio Doce Company
Van I/lomat:l's •Land Agricultural-C

13
5
15
• 2.5

)mpany l5

6%
Pm•
193
I4N
114
17f;
31%
, 43%
16%
12%
41
2%
76

NGE, YESTERDAY:
Leghorn

Genoa
Milan...• .
Venice
Naples

2.5 81

Palermo per oz. 121
Lisbon

Oporto 594
Rio Janeiro 3flX
Bahia l3l
Buenos Ayres
Dublin, 21 days' sight IN:
Cork l%

PRICE OF BULLION, PER OZ.
Portugal Gold, coin £0 0 0
I °reign Gold, in bars 3 17 9

Nes:l)6ubloOns

New Dollars

0 0 0

Silvers tars, standard 0 0 0

ICKS, DUBLIN, OCT. 4.

89;i I Gratid Canal Deb., 6 per cent 914
Ditto? 4 per cent 63%
Hibernian Bank
City of Dublin Steam Co. 1001,4
National Insurance Company ...!64
City Debentures, 4 per cent 7911,
Ballast Office Debentures, 4
pa, cent. 9334

HIGH NV ATER. AT LONDON BRIDGE TO-MORROW.
Morning 48 minutes after 6. I Evening 19 minutes after 7

HAMBURG, OCT. I.
HEINE, BROTHERS, beg to inform the Pub-
lic, that the nine last days of drawing of the 64th Great
Lottery will be the 3d, sth, 10th, 12th, 13th, 17th, 19th, 20th, and
24th of next month. The Wheels of these nine days contain 9,000
Tickets, and 1,200 Prizes of various amounts ; amongst which is
the largest Capital Prize of

_
150,000 Marks.
Tickets, warranted undrawn, will be on sale between the 7th and
25th inst., at 136 Marks Banco, or 101. Sterling, say -Ten Pounds.
Direct for Tickets, but only for whole Tickets, to the above-named
Contractors,

HEINE, BROTHERS, in HAMBURG,
who will attend to any order accompanied with remittances, reach-
ing them before the 24th inst. Their foreign customers are always
furnished with any requisite information, if even not inquired for ;
therefore those desirous to purchase have only to write a line or-
dering the Ticket or Tickets, inclosing the amount of 101. per
Ticket in Bank Notes, Bank Post Bills, or any Bankers' Draft, and
giving their full and plain direction. Those who favour them by
purchasing may confidently rely upon the strictest secresy as to
their taking a chance or getting a prize, such being the undeviat-
ing rule.of their old-established and most lucky office, w hich for
more than thirty years stands unrivalled for the continual sale of
Grand Prizes, and that to a larger extent than any Lottery Office
in the world.

P. S.—lf, on receipt of any order, the Tickets should be cleared
off, the money will be returned immediately, free of any expense
whatever. There is no risk in sending Bank Notes, the Hamburg
Mails being conveyed by capital steamers. No letter from Great
Britain to Hamburg will be forwarded unless the postage be paid
when the letter is put into the post, otherwise the letters remain at
the Post-office..

MR. BULWER'S NEW ROMANCE.
This day was published, in 3 vols. post Bvo.
THE LAST DAYS OF POMPEII
By the Author of ' Pelham,"
" Eugene Aram," " England and the English," &c.
Richard Bentley, 8, New Burlington-street.
Agents, for Scotland, Messrs. Bell and Bradfute, Edinburgh
for Ireland, Mr. John Cumming, Dublin.
*.* Orders received by all respectable Booksellers.

THE SUN IS NOW THE LARGEST DAILY

PAPER IN LONDON:

Zbt

~t~
'vs,~:.
r ~cL

LONDON,
WEDNESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 8, 1834.

An express from Madrid has just been received
in this city, dated the 30th ult. bringing the result
of the debate on the third article of the Financial
project by which two thirds of the recognised debt were
declared active, and one-third passive. This informa-
tion is already given in the telegraphic despatch from
Bayonne to the French Government, and the only ad-
ditional news is the very words of the Vote as pre-
pared by ►Senors Don ALVARO FLOREZ ESTRADA,
and the Marquis de MONTVIRGEN :
" The undersigned being persuaded of its having been the
desire of the Estamento that the third article should be sent
back to the committee for the purpose of being modified, and
not that the corresponding article of the report of the mino-
rity of the committee should be adopted in its place, which in
the opinion of the undersigned would be of very serious con-
sequence to the interests of the nation, they have the honour
to propcse its modification in the following terms :
" 'Art. 3. The whole of the foreign debt shall henceforward
be divided into active and passive debt.
" 'lts conversion into active c ebt and passive debt shall
take place in the proportion of two-third parts active and one-
third part passive debt.
" ' As 'to the other articles of the report, as far as the
eleventh, the undersigned concur with their colleagues of the
committee. '
(Signed)

Marques de MONTEVIRGEN,
ALVARO FLOREZ ESTRADA.
" Finance CoMmittee-room, Sept. 28, 1834.'"
" The article proposed by the majority; which was rejected
by 58 to 41, wasito the following effect
" ' Art. 3. The whole of the titles and obligation by which
the foreign debt is at present represented, shall be exchanged
within the period of a year from the promulgation of the pre-
sent law against new titles of equal nominal value, at the,rate
of interest originally contracted for, of 5 per cent. and 3 per
cent. respectively.
" ' After the lapse of the stipulated period of a year without
'presentation for conversion, the obligations shall lose the inte-
rest to which they may have right.
" ' The certificates known by the name of the deferred debt
shall continue in circulation as they now are, and the drawings
by lot shall take place as heretofore."'
The result of this vote will be to raise the value of
the Stock in the hands of the bondholders ; each
bondholder being now entitled to about 1031. in active
stock, and about 511. in a deferred or passive stock.

The Paris Papers of Monday have all been re.
ceived. The Moniteur contains the following tele.
graphic despatch from Bayonne, dated Madrid, Sep
tember 30 :

" THE AMBASSADOR OF FRANCE AT THE COURT OF SPAIN TO
THE MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS.
" The Chamber of Procuradores, in its sitting this day, has,
contrary to the recommendation of the Committee, divided
the debt into active and passive, in the proportion of two-thirds
for the active part, and one-third for the passive."
The other intelligence contained in the French
Journals is not very important, save the reports which
relate to the war in the north of Spain, which are all
given in the extracts from the Paris Papers. The fol-
lowiug.occurs among the fashionable paragraphs :
The King, Queen, and Royal Family left Fontainbleau on

NDON, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 8; 1834

Friday at one o'clock, for Melun, accompanied by Marshals
Gerard and Lobau, Admiral Jacob, the Count de Montalivet,
Generals Durosnel and Pajol, and numerous other personages.
On Saturday the King, the Queen, and Royal Family, took an
airing in the forest of Fontainbleau. The English Ambassador
and his lady were in the carriage with the King. His Majesty's
attendants followed in ten other carriages. Their Majesties
alighted at the Croiz du Gran- Veneur, and walked along the
road bordered with rocks which leads to the Valley of the Solle.
After having traversed the Valley, they returned by the Croix
de Toulouse and the Croix d'Augas. On arriving at the Palace
they found Count Appony, the Austrian Ambassador, with his
lady and their sons. The Duke de Frias, the Spanish Am-
bassador; M. Lehon, the Belgian Plenipotentiary, and his
lady , the Princess de Wagram ; the Marchioness de Belmonte ;
the Marshal Duke de Trevise, with his lady and daughter ; M.
Thiers, Minister of the Interior, and his lady ; Count Ducha-
tel, Minister of Commerce ; Generals Jacqueminot and De-
lort ; Count d'Houdetot ; Baron and Baroness de Berthois,
and Colonel Caradoc. After dinner, the comedy, entitled
Suite d'un Bal Masque was performed, by Mlle. Mars and the
actors of the Theatre Francais. The Philtre was performed
by the principal performers of the Opera.

We have been much gratified by the perusal of a
speech which the Earl of DURHAM delivered to the
inhabitants of Dundee, on the occasion of his being
presented with the freedom of the borough. This
speech will be found in another column of The Sun,
and as it is bold and manly in its tone, though advo-
cating no changes but such as are strictly within the
pale of the Constitution ; moreover, as it repudiates
the little-as-needs-be system of improvement, and ridi-
cules, in good set terms, the absurd apprehensions of
those Legislators who are perpetually crying out when-
ever any unpalatable change, no matter how necessary
it may be, is suggested to them, " Hold, hold, we
are hurrying on too fast ;"—as Lord DURHAM'S
speech laughs to scorn all these frantic fears, and
bears throughout the impress of -a lofty sagacity, we,
:have no doubt that it will be adopted as a sort of
creed or text-book, by all sincere reformers. His
Lordship represents the moving principle of Reform.
He is essentially the Statesman of the day. He is
not cowed or bewildered by the stern determination
that the country shows to lop off all abuses ; but feels
that the spirit which influences it is a just one, and is
consequently prepared to give it his cordial support.
" I am an advocate," says the Noble Lord, " for
the most determined and speedy correction of all
abuses ; whenever any abuse can be pointed out, it
ought to be immediately reformed. It is not sufficient
that the people have the power of electing their repre-
sentatives ; they ought to see the fruits of it. The re-
presentation of the people is not yet perfect, but it is
better than it was. Gentlemen, we have been told
that there is danger of going too fast, and of acting
without due deliberation. Now, while I admit that
every measure should be well considered, since due
consideration alone is effectual, I cannot see why time
should be lost in beginning to deliberate. I cannot,
for the soul of me, see why, instead of immediately
deliberating, we should stop in our progress. Should
any person from Perth be here, he would doubtless
have come by the steamer, and I would ask what he
would have said if the man at the helm had called
out, when they were in the middle of the Tay, Stop
her He would never have arrived at Dundee.
Therefore, I say that the man at the helm of the
State should not stop his course, but guide his ves-
sel safely and speedily to poit." This is well put,
and is just the sort of reasoning to be appreciated in an
age like this, which is one of transition, and charac-
terized, beyond any previous age, by a fierce thirst for
improvement. We have indeed arrived at that crisis
in our affairs, when it is impossible to halt or retrogade
with safety. There must be no more snail-like creep-
ing along the broad high-way of Reform ; no looking
back, instead of forward ; we must press on, if we would
desire to arrive safely at our journey's end. We are
on the Rubicon, and must pass it at all hazards. It
will not, therefore, do for Ministers to tell us that
having had a hearty meal of Reform, we can have no
appetite for more. We must dine as well as lunch ;
and lie who helps us to our dinner,—provided it be a
substantial one—that man is the Minister for us.
The present Government promises fairly, but it is not
all that we could desire to see it. Under the late Premier,
it professed too much, and performed too little ; and many
of those who influenced his Lordship's policy, would
seem to be equally influential with Lord MELBOURNE.
Hence the extensive popularity of Lord DURHAM.
Hence, too, the spread of opinions, amounting almost
to Radicalism, among us, which will go on increasing,
just in proportion as Ministers recede from the position
in which the Reform Bill placed them, or shrink back
from the duties which -it has entailed on them.

" For emulation hath a thousand sons,
Which one by one pursue ; if you give way,
Or hedge aside from the direct forth-right,
Like to an entered tide, they all rush by,
And leave you hindmost ;
Or like a gallant horse fallen in first rank,
Lie there for pavement to the abject rear,
O'errun and trampled on."

A vigorous Liberal Administration is the only sure
remedy for popular intemperance. One vacillating
Premier calls into being at least a hundred determined
Radicals. One energetic one neutralizes just as many.

The Report of the Select Committee on the Metro-
politan Police—the result of a long, laborious, and
patient investigation of the working of the new system
—is a most triumphant refutation of the truth of the
statements, and the soundness of the arguments urged
against the establishment of a protective force so con-
stituted. The witnesses examined were men of frequently
oppOsite political principles, of every shade of opinion,
and of all ranks and classes in the community ;• and
though the testimony of some of them was intended to
produce impressions on the mind of the Committee
unfavourable to the police force, still the evidence so
given was founded on prejudices and idle rumours
rather than on individual experience, or any inquiry
based on facts capable of a particle of proof. From
Sir 'F. ROE, and the stipendiary magistrates of the
metropolis, to Messrs. SAVAGE, POTTER, and Co.,
self-dubbed Knights of the trumpet-tongued Legion of
DiSeontent, and Grand Conservators of the Rights of
Marylebone, did the Committee proceed in the examina-
tion of witnesses, that nothing might be overlooked—
no statement omitted—which might serve to elucidate
the object of the inquiry ; and the consequence is a
huge mass of very important evidence, showing the
immense advantages which have already been derived
from the present metropolitan police establishment,
both as regards economy and the preservation of the
peace and property of the community. As to the
instituting of a comparison between the Police Force
and the Old Watch, we should no more think of it
seriously, than we would of comparing the liberty of
man in a civilized state to the licentious freedom of the
savage. Under the old regime there was no secu-
rity for either life or property. Frequently the
watchmen themselves were the depredators, and
the instance might be cited as miraculous where
the offer of a bribe failed to paralyse the out-
stretched arm of justice. As to parish 'dignitaries,
they could, in the language of the old system, " do no
wrong." They were so many potentates in disguise,
on whom no minion of justice dare lay a retributive
finger, no matter what acts of midnight violence they

committed. The " old Charlies" had the fear of the
Vestry before their eyes, and, therefore, very naturally
never found their way to the infamous haunts fre-
quented by any of its members. Or, if in ignorance of
the official inviolability of the person of an offender,
the guardian of the night seized upon the body of a
drunken ruffian, in the act of breaking the laws, the
inevitable consequence was an instant disinissal, or a
public apology, and the retraction of the charge pre-
ferred against the party in power. This statement
is very far from being an exaggeration of the
truth. In point of fact it falls far short of it,
as every person must know who remembers

he state of the metropolis under the old sys-

tem. Gangs of thieves were organized in every part
of the city; their haunts and even persons were known ;.
but as they were in league with the watch, no person
dared to interfere with them. Many of these conser-
vators of the peace were old, and the whole of them

lazy, drunken, and frequently dishonest. It was a
common practice for young men in liquor to make
parties to disturb the peace of the city as a mere pas-
time, and during these drunken sallies it often hap-
pened that much blood was shed, together with the
total destruction of much valuable property. On these
occasions three or four young fellows were quite suffi-
cient to perpetrate, with safety to themselves, any
scheme of outrage, such. as breaking 'all the lamps,
and smashing the windows in an entire,neighbourhood,
always ending with the seizure of the watchmen's
insignia of authority,—too impotent, too sleepy, or
drunk to protect themselves,—much less to protect
the property or preserve the peace of the public.

Referring to this lawless state of the Metropolis pre-
vious to the establishment of the present police force,
the Report observes :

" In 1817, Mr. Fielding, a Police Magistrate, in reference
to the daring character and the number of profligate and ex-
perienced depredators, declared, that the tranquillity of the
whole town was ' miraculous.'.Thieves were organized in
known classes; day thieves and night thieves, and hustlers of
passengers, who are described as a desperate gang.' Flash
houses were then declared to be a necessary part of the police
system, where known thieves, with the full knowledge of the
Magistrates and police officers, assembled, until the state of
individuals, from the losses they had sustained or the wrongs
they had suffered, bid high enough for their detection. In
fact, the peace and order of the town was really preserved on
every occasion of tumult or apprehended disturbance rather by
a display of military force than, as at present, by the civil power.
" At one end of the metropolis, and within its limits, bull-
baiting was a diversion allowed, with all its cruelties, conducted
by notorious and infamous characters ; and this evil-the Police
Magistrate above quoted stated he had not sufficient strength'
to stop, and to interfere with the slender strength 'he had
' would most likely lead to greater disturbance by their being
overpowered.'
"In fact, if a foreign jurist had then visited the condition
of the metropolis, as respected crime and the organization of
its Police, and if, without tracing the circumstances from

which that organization arose, he-had inferred design, from
the ends to which it appeared to conduce, he might have
brought forward plausible reasons for believing that it was
craftily framed by a body of professional depredators, upon a
calculation of the best means of obtaining from society,
with security to themselves, the greatest quantity of plunder.
He would have found the m!tr9polis_fiivided, and subdivided

into petty jurisdictions, each independent of every other, each
having sufficiently distinct interests to engender perpetual
jealousies and animosities, and being sufficiently free from any
general control to prevent any intercommunity of information
or any unity of action.'
Against the continuance of a system which has
happily delivered the metropolis from he above appalling
state of degradation, the only argument advanced is
that the police are not under the controul of the parish
authorities, instead of being under that of the Com-
missioners in Scotland-yard. But we would ask under
whose regime did the evils of the old system originate?
Where were the parish authorities, or what were they
doing in 1817, when flash-houses—:hells for the rob-
bery of the young and inexperienced, and homes for
thieves and prostitutes—were declared to be a neces-
sary part of a police system ? There were vestries in
those days ; they had the management of the police in
their, own hands, and under their own controul ; and
the above extract is a striking proof of the effects
of parochial jurisdiction. In fact, it would appear
from the closing paragraph that the only way by
which a stranger could recognize a constable, would
be by an outward stamp of villainy quite foreign to any
but rogues and vagabonds. It states openly that to a
foreigner the system of watch would have appeared a
system for pilfering, rather than for protecting the
people ; and, consequently, that all constables were
thieves and robbers, licensed by the Government for
plundering the public. Pity that the grand deputations
from Marylebone and Shoreditch, who endeavoured to
prevail on the Committee to revive this pristine state
of social bliss, should only induce the Committee to
give utterance to the following opinion
Many persons have assumed, and that assumption has
been countenanced by the report of the committee of 1822,
that a good police could only be attained at the expense of the
liberty of the subject, and that it necessarily involved some
arbitrary principle, opposed to the free constitution of this
country. In the words of the report, it was difficult to re-
concile an effective system of police with that perfect freedom
of action and exemption from interference which are the great
priviliges and blessings of society in this country.' A full
consideration of the evidence now presented to the house will
dispel this apprehension ; and, looking at the establishment
as a whole, it appears to your committee that the metropolitan
police has imposed no restraint, either upon public bodies or
individuals, which is not entirely consistent with the fullest
practical exercise of every civil privilege, and with the most
unrestrained intercourse of private society."
But its efficiency is very far from being the only
advantage which the new police system possesses over
the old ; though that must be ver' great, from the
fact of its superseding the necessity of employing the
army in the repression of public outrage. The
great object now of public regard' is economy, and
here the new system is particularly valuable, from
the saving effected by it. Its duties considered,
being double those of that which it superseded,
the present police establishment is the cheapest, as
well as being the most perfect in the.world ; for be it
remembered that the old watch were for the night only,
whereas now the peace and property of the metropolis
are protected both day and night. The following ex-
tract from the report will show the surprising extent to
which this system carried the saving in a single parish
in the short space of two years :---
In the parish of Hackney, for instance, a Very effect Police
appears to have been established by a local Act. Here there
was a day and night Police. The cost is stated, by a witness
examined before the Committee, to have been about 65/. per
week for watching alone, or 3,3801. per annum.' The same
witness, being asked to inform the Committee what is the dif-
ference between the amount of the present Police-rate and
the cost of the old watch, says, The cost of the old watch
was, as stated before, about 8,3801. per annum ; the amount of
the Hackney Police-rate this year, at 6d., is 2,496/. ; last
year, at Bd., 3,164/. ; therefore, the Police costs less by 8841.
per annum, when at 6d. in the pound, and 2161. per annum
less when at Bd. in the pound,' which is the maximum rate.
" This, then, is the comparison between the two systems in
a single parish ; the other case in which your Committee are
enabled to make a comparison is that of a more extended esta-
blishment of Police, also under local authorities."

The benefit of the new system, as well as the effi-
ciency of the force, would be greatly augmented were
the same plan adopted by the city of London, which
now prevails in every other part of the Metropolis.
The corporation, in holding itself distinct, acts in the
narrow and jealous spirit of the twelfth century, now
fortunately fast disappearing in this country ; and
which a reform in our corporate institutions will destroy
for ever. Referring to the evidence given by Mr.
WOODTHORPE, the Town Clerk, the report states:—
" The city of London recently found it necessary to im-
prove its police, and introduce a system of day and night po-
lice ; and it appears by the evidence before your committee.
that a very large saving—to the extent of about 20,0001. per
annum—would be effected, were it conducted upon the plan,
—and under similar controul, to that of the Metropolitan
Police.
" The following statement of the cost of the police of the
city of London is taken from the evidence of Mr. Woodthorpe,
the town-clerk of the corporation. The estimated expense of
a police force to discharge similar duty was furnished by the