The Sun.
London, England, 1851-09-29 00:00:00

THE

.o:f.T.i.or AT tfAIIKET.
Calves. I
27,320 1 249
sUrPLY.
Shaer, I Calves. Pi
4,210 183 I 120
A Statement and Comparison of the Supplies and Prices of
FaStock eNhibitd an sold in Smithfield Cattle Market,
onto onday, Sept.e 30, 18d 50, and this day, Monday, Sept.
29, 1.51.

S.
360

Benstß.
5,148

B qu;t.
1,1400

Per Bibs., to sink the offals.
Sept. 30, 1850. 5ept.29,1851
s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d.
Coarse and inferior Beasts ... ... 2 6to 2 S 2 2to I, 4
Second quality ditto .........2 10 3 4 2 6 2 8
Prime large Oxen 6
... 3 6 3 82 10 3 2
Prime Scots, c. ... 310 4 0 3 4 3
Coarse and inferior Sheep... ... 3 0 3 2 2 8 210
Second quality ditto ... ... 3 4 36 3 0 3 4
Prime coarse-woolled ditto ... 3 8 310 3 6 3 8
Prime Southdown ditto ... 4 0 4 23 10 4 0
Lambs... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Large coarse Calves 3 0 3 6 2 6 3 2
Prime small ditto ... ... 3 8 4 0 3 4 3 6
Large Hogs •.. ... 323 6 2 4 3 2
Small Porers 3 8 4 2 3 4 3 8
Beasts ... ••• ... 3,703 5,148
sheep and Lambs 25,310 2:,32(1
Calves 188 249
Pig,s .. 530 360
SUPPLIES ON SALE, OCT. 1, 1849. Beasts, 4,700 ;
Sheep and Lambs, 28.380; Calves, 171; Pigs, 190.
OCT. 2,84 S. Beasts, 4,167; Sheep and Lambs, 19,480;
Calves, 149 ; Pigs, 400.
.A.T37) VEMEVIVIEZIMM.
Since our last report these markets have 'exhibited
frill averego time-of-year supplies of both town arid
country-killed M. at. Beef and Veal are selling slowly-,
at a decline in the quotations of 2d per Blbs. In the
value of Mutton and Pork we have no clung° to notice.

Y. d. t) a. 0.
26 2 8
210 3 4
3 6 310
26 3 4
86 3 8

At per stone by the Carcase.
F. (I.to e. d.
,ec 1,1nferi0r...... 1 10 2 0 Mutton, inferior ••
-- -- middling..
middling ••.. 2 2 2 4
primelarge rime • • • •
2 6 2 8 --- p
prime small .. 210 3 2 1 Pork, large .• ••• • ••
Veal 2 4 3 4 small .• • •
WOOL.
Last week's imports of Wool into London were 168
hales from Hamburg!), 993 from Sydney, 944 from
Mflbourne, 500 from Algoa Bsy, and 6 from Antwerp.
We have a steady, but by no means brisk demand for
fine English Wools, at full prices. All other kinds are
a slow sale.

- _
2'14.7,7J0W.
Notwithstanding that the imports of Tallow since
our last report have been comparatively small, the de
wand—as there are now upwards of 11,000 casks on
passage from S. Petersburgh—is very inactive, and
prices are a shade lower than on Monday last. P.Y.C.
on the spot is selling at 393 to 393 3d for new, and 38s 8d
for old. There are ( ffers for the last three mouths at
39s 9d. Town Tallow, 38s to 38 6d per cwt nett cash;
Hough Fat, 2s 2d per Bl's.

1847. 1848. 1849. 1850. I 1851.
--
stock this day • • .... 1 ,139 18,722 38,737 22,940 29,143
47s Od. 47s 9d 36s 9tl 388 3d to' 398 02
Price of Y. C. • •
to Os 01 to Os Od to 3's Cd 39s Od jto39s 30
Delivery last week 2,628 I,BM 2,290 2,262 2,188
Ditto from June 1.. 24,917 30,325 ; 25,163 27,398
krriValS last week . 3, 90 7,6 4 6,948 4,029 1,11,
Ditto from June 1 ... 30,9,7 41,5' 6 36,427 24,614 { 19,143
?rice of Town • • 50s fd 49s 6d j 3986 d 41s Cd ; 41s Od
STATEMENT OF TALLOW SHIPPING AT ST. PETERSBURGH.
1851. 1850. I 1849. 1848. 1847.
r allow dispatched Casks. Casks. Casks. Casks. Casks,
from Cronstadt to
t.ept. 3, O.S. .. • 27,019 49,650 59,094 67,651 66,497
In ships loading and
lighters ••• • •• 34,213 22,970 21,8 0 53,233 20,954
lota' loaded sir, sth - --
Sept., O.S. •• .. 61,232 71,635 f 80,54 90,8'7 87,441
Loaded afterwards • • - 47,4,11 37,178 38,617 41,423
Total at the close of - --
the navigation - 119,216 118,132 129,504 131,861
London• •••• • • • 17,478 19,918 20,414 34,258 27,646
Liverpool • • .... 4,483 1 ,B'4 10,0.8 9,638 9,963
Bristol •••• • • • • 1,059 2,700 2,803 3,208 2,.50
Other English ports 1,,15 3,170 6,867 8,083 7,057
Ireland.. •••• • • • • 631 2,941 4,1'05 3,44 5,217
Scotland ••..• • • • 250 1,674 3,051 4,985 4,572
Germany ~ 1,553 4,109 7,,16 30,94 4,770
France ..... • • • - 2,165 4,920 54 4,310
--
27,019 48,050 59,094 67,151 66,487

DAY.)
tog a woman

LONDON,

WHAT SHALL BE DONE WITH
OUR CONVICTS ?

LET I Eli, IV.

TO THE EIGHT 1101%1. tint GEORGE GREY, BART., as r.
&e. K.C. &C.
Sir,—lf, then, it has been shown that the probation
system which has worked so well at Portland might
be adopted in a new colony, the question for your
consideration is, whether it would not be most wise
and most prudent to take such a step. I submit to
you that it would for the following important con-
siderations :-
Ist. As being far better calculated to attain the
only just end of all punishment by deterring others
from crime.
21 As giving to those convicts who are sincerely
desirous of pursuing honest conduct the best possible
opportunity of efficting their object.
3d. As not interfering with the demand for labour
in th s country.
On the first point all writers from Beccaria down-
wards, on the subject of punishment, have laid it
down us a vital principle that punishment to be
effectual in deterring others from the commission of
crime must be certain, yet nothing can be more un-
certain than the punishment of transportation; for,
after the sentence is passed every convict and his
friends may indulge a well-grounded hope that it will
not be carried into execution.
Punished, he undoubtedly is, at Millbank, and at
Pentonville, but after his eight months' or year's pro.
bation, what is his position at Portland Well housed,
fed, and clothed (for without these comforts his work
would be unprofitable), after spending two or three
years in this manner, he is sent to the colonies, with
a ticket of leave, for the remainder of his time—that
to perfect freedom—dependent upon his good beha-
viour, in a delightful climate, with high wages. Does
not this question arise—ls this punishment sufficient
to deter others from the commission of crime ?
On the second point there can be little difference
of opinion, for few, if any, will contend that a convict
having behaved well in a probation station in the
colony, would not have a far better chance of com-
plete reformation, and of becoming a useful member
of society, among those who had observed his good
conduct, than if he had passed his probation time in
this country,
On the third point, carrying out the probation sys-
tem in the colony would not interfere with the
demand for labour in this country. This is self-
evident—and has not the taxed labourer industrial
rights which ought to be held sacred ? and are not
those rights cruelly invaded, by subjecting him to the
competition of an untaxed convict ? I forbear
dwelling upon this most painful subject, which must
be familiar to your mind, and no doubt operated upon
Lord Stanley and Sir James Graham, when they
introduced the probation system in Australia.
The discovery of gold in Australia gives the Go-
vernment a most graceful opportunity of conceding
to the wishes of the colonists, and sending no more
convicts to the populous places in that colony ; and
this would render it necessary to create new stations
for the convicts either there or elsewhere. Thus the
question becomes still more important—Ought you
not to give the probation system a fair trial in the
new colony ?
Either this must be done, or in defiance of the
principle laid down by the Archbishop, and of the
lamentable effects which have been produced, you
must pursue the old plans of assignment and tickets
of leave. I cannot think it possible that you will do
this, yet permit me to recapitulate, shortly, the facts
which appear to my mind most conclusive that it
would be wise to give the plan I have suggested a
fair trial.