The Sun.
London, England, 1856-12-31 00:00:00

rnE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, DECEMBnit 31, 1856

SHARE MARKETS —(This Day.

LW Y'

tGV."A

Owing Pr!c.,
this day.

Business don,
this day

Ambg.
•.ild Tae n. Jun'
nti-lr_lng. Waive
tit 07ir

D. Cli,D3ll.

all

Blackburn ......
nscc
£25 fiscd.
,Brist6l s.nd. gxnee,

imester Cc Holyha,.
Cork and
Cork, Black, & Pr.
Do. A
Do. B
Dublio&Lellast.ltne
Drn. P. Zs Joe.
East Auglian
Eagtorn Counties
Rut: -7,1i013. A Sti.
De., B. Stock
i Do., New

[East Kent
1+4.0- I.nnc.ashira

1100
i WI
4
1100

East Suffolk
Do.
Edinburgit 6a Olasgt)
Edinb. and Peebles.
Hain. Prtli dcaande.
Forth & Clyde Jan
IFurness

Glasgow .4 S. Westrn
Great N. of Scotind,
Great Northern
Do., A. 5t0ck......
!De., B. Stock
Gt. Sth. &Wes t.(lre.)
Great Western
Do. Stour Val. Rai
qua. Stk
Irish South-Astern
!Lancaster & Cerlisie
Do., Thirds ..... ...-
Do. New Thirds
Leneash.andltorksh
Do., Wst. Riding ITn.
Do. Southport
London & Blackwali
Load. Bright & S.Cst
Lend. and N. Westn
!Do. Fifths
Do. Eighths..
London and B. We4ta. . 1
Lndndrry4ColOraiTP
Lnduclrry. & Ennisk
lerich.Shet&Linelr
lietropoli tan
Do. J. L. Ricardo's
arrangement
Midland
)o.Birmng. &Der,
Sidld,G.West.(l')
')o. Half Shares...
qowcastle &
!Twpt.lbcrg. &Hrf
Newry /it Enniskill,
'Tewry, Warrenv:v
end. Rostrever....
"iorfollc

20
Lli
Bt.
St.

5
4t.
St.

100
100

‘-ortbn.Counties
North British
th Der.)ll Rail
Dock Stock

-)0., A Stock.,

B Stock

'T. Eastern—Berm`
Jo. do. Exteasio-.
)o.do.G.N.E.?tm:T
Do. LeedE ...
..... •

1.6!
:00

Do. York
,forth

strvi., nod City
North Stltford&,i.J.

north W,stern.„,
N S.Westrn.Jun.
Were., et Won,
• In
........
Rhymney

-otti~i,

Scot. N E.Abrdn St
Do. Scot. ;Aid. St
4 IT,
.1

2
LOU
1-

Sitinabournel:Sheer.
!lout D v
South Eastern
' youth Wales ........
3. Yrksh. tic Riv. Do
rio
&Wo
Stockton & Darling
Do., do., 1854
Do,, do,, 1855
itotkten Hartley?
gaff Valo
)o, Pref., No. 1....
;lames fisw. D.&
Vale of Neath
WaterM. & Mike=
WaterfordecLlrteri(:.
Wad Cornwall__

4 l

8 9

194 -- 20.
r3l 14;

92 --- 94
63i
37 -- 39

..•

Of 111
184 - 15,
38 40
26 - 28

7 - 5
.94 96

5i - 55

35 - 36

94 - 96
7 -
91 92
76 78
L2O 125
,10 112
691 69i

70 - 74
66
54 6#
97 97

6i 7
[ll 113
LO6i 107
21 213
10 lot
d
07 108

d - par
82i 83
53 . 55

3i 14!

50 52
31 -
39i 40-

831 - 816
41 4 ..I
3 -
78f -- 181
59i fOL
96 99

4i
-
10- 11
28 29

- 74.

83'
- 3r

••

191 -2)

~ • ...

Nest End of Lon&
and Crystal Pa
Do. A .......

6 - 8
2 - 4
5 - 54

Do. B

West Lear(ten ....... -
Do. Fig st Class ..
Do. Second Class...
1 WinthlPd, T

i• '~ •.,

o• '''' ...

'i - ''

COLONIAL

.tombay, ,narecta,
Can. India, g. 5 p. c
Do.
Ceylon A shares._
Do. B. do

20
20
L 7
20

)ern erara
••
Eastern Bengal
East Indian A and B,
g• 513. e
Do. Ex. C, gu. 5 p. c
Do. do. D, gu. 5 p. c.
D 0.46
Do. do. do., '59, do
Geelong Pit Melbourne
guar. 5 per cent.
9d. Trunk of Canad
Do. Cert. of Deben.
con. into Stk. till
Do. Comp. 6 p. c., do.
Gt. In. Pen. g. 5 p. c.
Do New, guar. 5 p. c
Gt. Western of Caned:.
Do. New
Do. Bde., payable 's'
Do. do., '76, p. '6C►
Do. do., '73 do.
Do. do., '73, withal:
option....
Nladra?, guar. 41 p.c
Do. do., 5 p. c.
Do. 44 p. c. Exten
Do. 3d Ex., g. 5 p. c
Seinde, guar. 5 p. c.

20t
ir4)
too
100
100

a'
a
al)

tell
10
all
16
10

Do
St. Andrew's ea
J
Quebec .....

Mit]

atwert x iC. YY P na
Ardennes
Fiutn. ,Tral(
.4,7;,rs +., Bs, e
Buff. & Lk. Hur. Ry.
Carmeaux & Toulouse
Coal Mines and Ry
)uteli lthen,sh
.astern of Franei,
T)n.
Euphrates Valley
Eur. y Iran .Tel. Rail
,it. Central of Fran e
,4reat Luxembourg, )Italian Junction
Lake ()oust, & Basle
Lierre and Turnhout
Lombardo Venetian.
Lucca* Pi st. 5 p. e.p.
Lyons and Geneva
Lyons el Mediterran.
Karla Antonia
Do. do. New

"ik ----- ii

113 - 115
2 ..... 241,1

21a 22

80 - 85
21i —22 A.
1 lat;
241—t5
99 1001
118 123
118 123

los no
20 - 20
22} -22 i
- 23
1
21 -

."' •••

63i
38g

9i i
38

91 5

35i i

97i 7

1121
1071 7

1071 i

83 24 3

84k 4 .

604 60

12A # #

74 i

1r,24
-
1 - 2p
1 —21 p
5 5}
3e
—32 i
9 —lO
par p
.4
44.
5 54

.
.61 - 6ip;

9g ~ Ip3~

VAmur diLiege

Do. do,, C p. c. Pref
Northern of France.
Norweg anTrunkPre
Paris and Lyons
Paris and Orleans
Recife & San. Fran.,
(Perham.) g. 7 p. c.
Rome and' Frascati
Royal Danish
Royal Swedish
Sambre and Meuse_
Do. 5 p. cent. Pref.
Southern of France
West Flanders
Do. 5A per c. Prof
`V. &N. W. of Franc(
Western of Austria
West. of Switzerland
Wiesbaden
Do. 8 per cent. Pref
Zealand

••
8 -
19 - 19;
371 - 37
81 - 8i
541 -54 i
51 58

p,,.

561 7i 7 8

82i I

5A
24a
103

i - i pl

1S - 20
1 - 1i
9 - 0A
9 - 9i
-
pm
•V§
4 -
10
33 - 34
-

••• ...

BANKB.

98 100
ad ill par
61 63

... '''. °••

U. - ...PI

1 id
€ 8 - ; 70

100
100
100
20
20

17i 17

18i 19i1
18i --

M ~~ s~~

20 I
35
10
22A

••• •••• r•••

.., '"' •,•

li
12 I

47 48
38 39
lidl

~~ --

:17
66 —68 n
7

Si i

99 fit
18i

5.f 5

281 n

6 d

40
5
St.
25

lINES LEASED AT FIXED RENTALS.

RAILIVAYB.

Bedford arid.
• 810t,..1)1ey
BnckgLiaatsh
Col, Stour Vy.
E. Lin. g. 6 pc
E. ITU. 11.
Glad. Barr.
Neils. I)irc.:.t.
Do. Now

3i,.
St
St.

all
100

Olstr.esc Dn Pt
lirtipi. Dk
Hull Az,
Do. l Shan-3;i.
Do. Si;Ares.
Lon.&Greenv
Do.Profcrence
Lon., Th., 4
Do. Bark. Sh.
Lowestoft ur.
4 per cent.
Do. 6 par ct.
Manch. Bxl.n.
and Matlock
Middlesbro' Iti

COrniwall

1. Wost.
LAN: N.
Caleda
E,.
jE. Count.
I Caldonivi.

'Do
Gt. Wes Lll
71. k. New
Ber
Y.&NW
Do

all
all
100
100

Eastzrr
Do
Peto Co.
Do

Closing Prices
this day.

96 - 98
98 - 102
11 - 13
133 --- 136
4 ... 44

• •.• .-'"

ICB -- 109

Rodc.g 6 p.c.
Midld. I.i,rad.l'.,
Newmarket
Enry E. G.spc
N.& Est.s p.c.
Do. 6 per et.
Do. Fixeds p c
Prest. & ye
Do. j Shrs. A
Roystn.&
Shef.Roth.an-1
Gooleg. 5 p.c.
Shrews. &Her.
S. Staffordsh.
Wear Valleygr
6 per cent
Do
Wilts&gomrst

D 0.........

it Midld.
Stekton
DArlingt.

all
all
all
all
all
100
18$

'En. Conn.
EL Count
Do

L.&N.W
'Do

Gt Northn 1
Lancash &
Yorksh.
T. Brassey
Clean
Stockt. &
Dariingt
Do
OtWest n ,

12i - 1.3
22i
1112 114
t 1p

--

93

P +
56 - 58

132 - 135

8f -• at,

33 - 34
89 - 91

PREFERENCE SHARES.

Blyth and Tyne lope:
a. pref. (issd.:',tsol
Bris. E.:. 4p.e. St
Do. 4 p. c. Shares ..,
Caledn. £lO 41 p.c.
IThes.trffe.i4n. 53 0
Do. do. Pref. 6 per e.
Cork 4113,nd0n5.1p.c
Dun.Prth .41 Aher.J.
E. Anglian Ole. A Sh
Do. de. Ole. B 6 p. c.
Do. do Cis. C 7 p. c.
Eas.Co.Ex, spcNo.
Do. No. 2 .
Do. New 6 p. 0. St
East Un., 6P. c
Do. 51., 10 Der cent
Do. 101. Del;entr.Sh
Do. do. 4 per cent..
East Lancash 6p.et,
E. kW. York. J. sth:
Edin. & Gl. 5 p.c. sh
Ed. Prth. k.Dnn.4
Furness, 5
Glas. & S.W. G. 5 p. c,
Great Northm. 5 p. o ,
Do. 6 p. o. Rodeeni
at 10 p. 40:prom
Do. 4 p„
De.s p. c., Red. at f•
Gt.N. of Seet.l6t
IGt. S. &W. (lrelanr
Do. 4per c. Pr :f
IC4t. W.(B. v.. Exs./
Do. con. red. p,,
Do. con. red. 4 p.
Do. irred, dp. c.
Do. 5 p. c. red. pre!'
Do. Firm. Pref. Si
Do. Chester Bp.e. P. ,
Do. do. 5 p. c. do
Do. Birm, Gus.. St'::
Do. Ches. Gus. SF.
Do do do

100
5
11)0
100
100
all

lUu
100
100
100

95 100

4i - 5
6 - Rh
94 - 98
109 - 113
101 - 108

6p
#E4
:2 - 12

-
75! - 76!

95 97

85 - 87
99 101
10 -•
16 17;
10 106
73 - 75
19; - 20
9i - 104
14i 154

Do. do. da
Lan. &York. F 2O
Do. 6 p. C. Stock
Lon. &B. GU Lc No.l
Do. P., 5p St N 0.2
Do. New Ginar.6 ),.
Do. do. 5 p. c.,N0.4
Lon. &N. W., Coy.
Nuneaton 5 p. et.
Lon.& S. W. 7 per ct
late 3d Shares
L ,ndy.&Coler. Sh.
Londy. &
INf.,s.,,sf, L. 6 p. Cent
IDo. do. do. 46
Do. do. 3i per
Marypt .&Carl.4
Do. .1i per cent..—....
Do. do.

flOu
1100
100
100
1100
1100

•••
37 139

1.9,9 142
117 -- 119

157 - 159

- ...

all
10..!
100
1100
'lOO
100

Nfld. Consol.el p.c.Ft
Do. Con.Er.f:ir. 6pc
Do. 4i p. c. Pref. t
Ditto L. &. Pre. St
New, Abilr., &c., pr.
5 p. c. red. 5 p. c. pm.
Do. Perpet. 6 p ct.
with optn. till '66
Norfk. Doh, 4 p.c. sh
Do. Pref. 5 p. o.
Do. 5 pc. Ext.,1846,
Do. 52Isper c.pf ,1847
D0.Wv.V.6pc.,18471
North British

60 - 70

•o• ....

U 37 - 139
98 - 100
89 -

ei

1100'
1.00
1100
!100
1100

1 - li

ti) -164

Do 7/. Preference
N. E. Perw,
Do. do. do
Do Leeds 6 p.c. -.N0.1
Do. do. Qrq.,1848...
.I)o.Yorltif-T.tt q. enr
North St.. ordshire.

Ox,Wo,
Do. 6 p.c. Redeem.
,Soot. Cont. ,New Pret
Sc.N.E. Abar.g 6 pe
Do. d0.,7 p.c. pf. st.
D0.d0., 31 p.c. pf. st
South Devon
Do. fixed, 4.4 per cent
S. Eastern fßeading
Ann.) of Os. 6d.
Do. 41 per cent
Do. Fixed 4i p c sh
S. Wales Gm. 4 p. c
Do. do. 41 p. c
S.Yorksh.4p.c.Guar
Stock.& Par. , 5 p. c
Do. do. do
Stock. & Hartl. g.
p. a.. till July 1,'66
Wa►terfd. & Bilk. ti p c

99 —94
d

id p
1107 108

114 - 116
105 - 110

17 - 18

23 - 24
102 - 105
10k - 101

Anglo Californian
Australian
Baden (Gd.Dnchy of;
Mannar. Iron & Coal
British Iron

27i - 24
2 - 3 p

... -- •••
3 - 31

i - li

Brazilianlrap.(imed
at pm.)
Do. Comes tai Cniab
Do. St. Johr Del Rev
Clarendon Cons.
Co. of Jamaica

- 8
1 -, 1
3i - 3i
15 - 17

••• •••
Cobra Copper
Colonial Gold
Copper Min. of Ens;
Do. Pref. 7i p. cent
Copiapo.
Fortuna
Clen veal

Gt.NuggetVeinlif,g
Great Polgooth...„

P - iv
56 - 58

30 35
25 27
13 -- 15
id

Gt Wheal Vor Unite
Liberty
Linares.
Lusitanian
Mariquita,
New Granada
Nouveat Monde
Pontgi.Sil.& Le. Min
Port Philip
Quartz Rock
Ithymney Iron
Do. New
Santiago de Cuba... •
Sort. Cqlns. Min. Co.
South Australian
Do. Scrip.
Do. 10 per cent Pref
Tam. S. & L. MM. Co 1
Tin Croft
United Mexican
Waller
West Mariposa
Worthing Mining of

I
4 - 5

8 - 8A
la - p
fi
- 6
8 - 10

RI
tsh
1
1
1

all
all
all
128.,

Australia

Business
this day

23 - 25
7 - 9
2 - 2i
-

..• -
1 •••
33/4 - 4
33/4 - 4

••• '''''' •••
i '".. i

MISCELLANEOUS.
25 19 , ustre.iibal es gricuAL 24 26
10 .11 A.ustraln. Royal Mail ... -
10 all Berlin Water Works 41 - 51
50 40 Brit. American Land 40 - 45
100 S 306)1 Cca.Gnaoda.6p.
1134 -113 i
St. 100 Do. 6 p.c. Feb & Aug ... - ...
..c... ............ ...
0... 130 - 135 131 30 1
i.;
St. 100 Do. 6p C. Mar & Sept ''' - ii 2i
5 all Crystal Palace 2 -
5 all Do. Preference 5/ - 51
4 ad crystal Pal.of France ... --- ...
1 11 Duston Iron Ore ... - ...
20 151 Eastern Steam. - -
St. IAA
i`,ll
Electric
TTeeileogg.raopfbir 9.3.
_.- -
5 all En.&Aus Cop Sm Co la - 1$
25 all Gen. Ir Sc Col (lb --n.) ... ***
15 14 Gen. Steam Navigat.
... - 92 901 1
11 all General Screw Steam 6 - 61 61
20 5 London Discount • id - t .... 4 all Loud. Gen. Omnibus 31
--"
lIP 20 10 Magdalena. St. Navik, - •••
10 all Mediteran. Elec. Tel. ."
10 all Mexican&S.Americn. 31 -
25 5 Nat. Discount Co i -- AP
25 1 Do. New .. ... .. 11 _ip 11
10 5 Netherlands Land,,,. 1 -
- 11
10 all Do. Do. . 3l 44
5 3 Do. 8p c P iss at i,i 1-
113
5 1 Do. Do
100 80 New B. & N.S. Land P iP
...
... ... N.S.W. Gov. sp.c.D.
. i
_
- „.
1 all N. E. Austr3.la,sian
20 171 Nrth. of Europe Steam
1 all Oriental Gas 4 - 38 d 131 14
li - it ii
1 2s. Do. "New_ Shares" P --- AP PM
5 all Feel Rr. Ld.& Minrl. 21 -
ou all Peninsular& Oriental 66 ..., 68
50 10 Do. New 4 - 5 p
100 60 Royal Mail Si4am - 69
1 ..11 Scot. Austral. Im-est ls - li
1 all DUI,.'. -`-e.....:, if 1
"I all '3o tith '. _ I Li' .... 1,,13.41 sti - :t.„,
1 Id: 8 abmar. Tel. Scrip I - I
1 all Do. R -gister3,1....
20 5 Trnst&-L.Co.U.Can . ....,;. „...
100 281 Van Diemen's Land 16 -: 18 161 x a
m .u, VaGN6Peg...I4I26WIL4 ON lit vo, ,

THE FRAUDS ON THE CITY OF

LONDON UNION.

EXAMINATION OF PAUL (rms DAY).

John Paul, one of the men charged with being con-
cerned in the frauds on the City of London Union, was
placed at the bar this morning, before the Lord Mayor,
at the Mansion-house, for the purpose of a preliminary
examination.

The charge, as entered on the police sheet, is, that he
stole and carried away a certain order for the payment
of 378/, 15s. 6d., the property of the Board of Guardians
of the City of London Union ; but the amount by no
means represents the amount of his defalcations. A
great number of the members of the Board of Guardians
were present, and the Court was densely crowded.
Mr. Humphreys attended for the prosecution, and
the prisoner was defended by Mr. Wontner.
Mr. Humphreys said he appeared before his lordship

on the part of the Board of Guardians of the City of
London Union, to prefer various charges against the
prisoner at the bar, who, he regretted to say, was
until lately in the employ of the Union, as assistant-
clerk. After laying before his lordship several circum-
ssances connected with the charge, and having proved
them, he (Mr. Humphreys) should ask for a remand, for
the purpose of investigating more thoroughly than has yet
been done the great number of defalcations on the part
of the prisoner. The cases he should now enter into were
two in number. One was for stealing a check entrusted
to him as a servant of the union for the purpose of paying
over to Messrs. Kingsford, who supplied the union with
flour. The check in question was given on the 2d
September, 1855, for 3781. 15s. 6d. and it was the pri-
soner's duty to pay the check to Messrs. Kingsford and
Co., but instead of doing so, he, having a banker's ac-
count of his own, paid it into the Bank of London to his
own account, on the 13th of the same month. His
Lordship would find there was no doubt as to his hav-
ing done so, for not only would the entry in the banker's
books show it, but there would be produced a ticket
which the Bank of London received from its customers
on their lodging money with them filled up in their own
handwriting, and the writing on the ticket for the
amount of this cheque would be proved to be in the
prisoner's handwriting. The prisoner, he should show,
admitted some time after to Mr. Rowse, the clerk of
the Union, that he had misappropriated the money,
whereupon that gentleman, from a benevolent feeling,
paid Messrs. Kingsford's claim out of his own pocket.
The second case be should prefer against the prisoner
would be one of forgery--the forging the receipt of an
acquittance for money which was given by him on
19th November last to Mr. Woodward, who was
the collector of the poor's and church rates for
St. Andrew Undershaft. Mr. Woodward from time t 3
time up to the 18th of Nov. had given to the prisoner
various sums of money amounting to 2001., and on the
e gave him a further sum of 901., making in
2901., which he was to pay into Messrs.
e and Smith, the bankers of the Union, to
the parish, the hankers' receipt for the money
to Mr. Woodward on the following day.

io promise, the prisoner on the following day
_ Woodward a receipt purporting to be the
bankers' receipt for the money, and signed by E. S.
Crosier, cashier in the banking house. That receipt he
(Mr. Humphreys) should show, by the evidence of Mr.
Crosier, was a forgery ; and under the circumstance:: he
should ask for the prisoner's remand.
Mr. S. ft Huish, one of the Guardians of the City
of London Union, deposed that he resided at 17, St.
Maitin'sde-Grand, and was a shoe warehouseman. He
attended a board meeting on the 23 of Septenob,?,r last.
The prisoner was then assistant clerk of the union, and
was acting on the occasion for the chief clerk, who was
absent. The board made an order of payment to Messrs.
Kingsford of 3781.155. 6d. A cheque was drawn for that
amount, and was left in the prisoner's hands for pay-
ment to them. Witness did not see the cheque again
till recently, when he found it in a drawer of Mr.
Paul's table, or desk in the office, ou the 17th of this
month. He was not attending to his duties then,
having absented himself for a day or two.
Mr. John Robinson Glanville, cashier in the Bank of
London, deposed that the prisoner kept a private ac-
count there. On the 13th of September he paid in a
cheque for 3781. 15s. 63., and the cheque produced had
the bank mark upon it. It was the custom of the
bank to have a ticket for the amount lodged, by the
customers, and he had the ticket, which he produced,
and which was in the prisoner's hand writing, and dated
Sept. 13. The cheque was paid by Messrs. Smith,
Payne, and Stpith to a clerk of the Bank of London.
Mr. J. T. Rowseli, clerk to the guardians, deposed
that he resided at Norwood. The cheque produced
(and referred to by Mr. Heath) was counter-
signed by him as clerk. In consequence of some
information he had he spoke to the prisoner on the 27th
Nov., and asked him for the receipt from Messrs.
Kingsford, as he found that the cheque had been
cashed on the 13th Sept. Prisaner hesitated about
the receipt, and witness went again to look at the
banker's book (Smith, Payne, and Smith). He found
he was correct, and returned immediately to the
prisoner's office, when the prisoner said, " It's useless
deceiving you ; I have used the money." Witness paid
the money to Messrs. Kingsford out of his own pocket.
Mr. Humphreys said that was as far as he intended
to go in that case, and he would now proceed with the
other.

Mr. Rob ert Woodward, of 49, lime-street, deposed
that he was collector of poor and church rates for the
parish of St. Andrew Undershaft. Before the 18th of
Nov, last he handed several sums of money to the pri-
soner, 'amounting, in the aggregate, to 2001. On 18th
Nov. he handed to him 901. more, making 2901. He
was to pay it into the bankers' of the Guardians. The
bankers were Smith, Paine, and Smith. On the follow.
ing day the prisoner gave him a receipt for the money,
purporting to be signed by Mr. Crosier, cashier at the
banking house. Prisoner said it was the receipt for the
money.

Mr. E. S. Crosier deposed that he was a cashier at
Messrs. Smith, Payne, and Co's. The signature on the
receipt produced, purporting to be his, was not i❑ his
handwriting. He did not receive the money. There
was no other person of his name in the banking house.
Mr. Humphreys said that was all the evidence he
proposed calling to-day, and he asked for a remand.
. _

The Lord Mayor—Certainly. To what day ?
Mr. Humphreys said to-morrow week.
Mr. Wontner offered no opposition, and

The prisoner was accordingly remanded.
The prisoner, who is about 62 years of age, has more
the appearance of a man about 45. He is rather stout,
with small features, and florid complexion.

LAW INTELLIGENCE.--(This Day.)

COURT OF BANKRUPTCY.

Mr. Commissioner ITolroyd was the Commissioner of
the day, but there was no cause on the list. A meeting
was held in re the Royal British Bank, but it was strictly
private.

SECONDARIES' COURT.
(Before Mr. Secondary Potter.)
BREACH OF PROMISE OF MARRIAGE-DAMAGES 500/.

BARBAR V. DE CRESPIGNY.

This was an action to recover damages for a breach of
promise of marriage. The plaintiff is a young lady at
Malta, and defendant an officer in the Royal navy.
Defendant having suffered judgment to go by default,
the jury were now empanelled to assess damages.
Mr. D. E. Colombine, of Basinghall.chambers,
Basinghall-street, appeared for the plaintiff and stated
the case, from which it appeared that when serving as
lieutenant in the Phaeton at Malta, in 1852, ho became
acquainted with Mrs. Barbar's family, and paid his
addresses to her daughter, Miss Mary Barbar, with the
sanction of her mother; but he said that, not having
obtained promotion, he must acquaint his mother, on
whom he was dependent. Subsequently he wrote to say
that his mother would not consent to his marriage,
which compelled him to delay until he was in an Inde-
pendent position. Mrs. Barbar then wrote to him,
releasing him from any promise, and begging that he
would break off any further engagement or correspon-
dence with her daughter. He answered, regretting that
Mrs. Barbar had concluded so summarily, but still hoped
he would be able soon to renew his engagement. All
was silence till Oct., 1855, when defendant, then serving
in the James Watt, in the Baltic, renewed his offers and
professed sincerity, and although time was allowed for
reflection, a private note having been written expressive
of anxiety whether his expressions were decisive, to
which he replied in the affirmative. The " happy" day
was not actually fixed, but defendant, who had been ap-
pointed to the Snap gunboat, wrote in Nov., 1855,
requesting Mrs. Barbar and plaintiff to come to England.
As an inducement, he said that he could either remain
in the service and take his chance of promotion to com-
mander, after which be could expect no promotion, as
when peace should be made with Russia, there would
be such a stagnation as to prevent the possibility of
any body's rising in the service; but, on the ether hand,
h,-; thought that instead of taking a bou.s, it would
be Lotter that they 1-;i.)uld live in the Snap till the
war was over, and then he would take half-pay and go
out to that magnificent country, Australia, where
the Government would give him 300 acres of land, and
spoke of rich relations, and hopes of being remembered

in their wills, ,Stc. In January, 1356, he wrote from
the Srap, still urging an immediate marriage, and Mrs.
Barber and her daughter were actually on board to
carne to England when the grievous blow was in-
flicted on plaintiff, that, under circumstances, he
should hope that it should be arranged that they
should mutually release each other, for if they were
married, '• Poverty, the most dire of evils, would be
cur inevitable fate," and suggesting that they
"should start afresh ; and should they meet again
in after years they might at least become sincere i
friends, for at least we deserve each of us that at the
hands of the ether." Mr. Colombine denounced the
conduct of the defendant as being tickle and extraor-
dinary for the part of a man of honour holding her
Majesty's commission. As the defendant had neither
pleaded, nor had he even appeared to offer any pal-
liation, he (Mr. Colombine) hoped the jury would give
adequate damages.
The jury gave a verdict for the plaintiff—damages
500/.

SPORTING NOTES.

THINGS IN GENERAL.

The frost has disappeared roost opportunely for the
Manchester men, whose annual revels on New-year's-
day at Stretford are not likely to be interrupted. The

appointed sport is not of a character to require comment,
and both in quantity and quality it is likely to be very
insignificant. Still the hard-worked denizens of the
cotton-spinning metropolis will doubtless discover in the
racing the elements of excitement, and will be enabled to
employ their time and attention pleasantly enough.
The Waltham Abbey Steeplechases, as usual, pro-

yoked a wrangle, and under the present management
their popularity seems to be impossible. Two races

. .
were, or are, in dispute. Report states that the steeple-
chase was on Monday decided in favour of British Yeo-
man, who came in second, but no official notice of such
a decision has yet been promulgated. How gentlemen
could allow their names to be associated with such an
undertaking as that at Waltham is a matter of surprise.
For the betting men generally, who are calling out most
lustily about the doings, I have no pity. Experience
should have taught them what to expect. They deserve
no more commiseration than those persons who will
trespass upon that portion of the ice marked "danger-
ous," and who consequently get a good immersion for
their foolhardiness. Really the jumpers are in a bad
plight. Every steeplechase meeting that has been cele-
brated this season has been a failure. The good time
coming must be seen through the reverse end of a teles-
cope, for it is very far off. Mr. Newcombe Mason is
busily employed canvassing for the Oundle meeting,
where, with judicious management and fair play, an at-
tractive gathering may one day be established. The
Grand National Steeplechase at Liverpool is, however,
the only cross-country event which now excites interest,
and where the horses are to come from to make up a race
for it I am unable to determine. There is scarcely a
modern steeplechase horse left that would be capable of
cutting a respectable appearance in the hunting field.
Business at the Corner has been conducted in the
usual jog-trot manner, and no demonstration of im-
portance has been made in connection with either the
Chester Cup or Derby. Loyola, however, seems likely
to be spiritedly supported for the Two Thousand,
which seems likely to be a profitable betting race.
The nominations for the principal spring events will
he made on the 6th of January; those for the Chester
Cep on the Ist, as usual. Until the entries ale pub-
lishod it will be impossible to see clearly the prospect
of sport. Still, despite the crippled state of the turf
money market during the past season, there is likely
to be no diminution in the quantity of the racing
provided by the different clerks of courses.
I regret to announce the death of Mr. William Ruff,

for many years the well-known turf reporter to the Lon-
don press. His death took place yesterday afterncon.
Dcc. 31. A FRESH. MAN.

BETTING AT MANCHESTER—TUESDAY.
LIVERPOOL STEEPLECHASE.
100 to 6 aglt E,cape (taken)
100 to 5 agst Teddesiey (taken)
100 to 5 snit BAH' 4)1:1 (t,,,ken)
10 to 1 agat Iflnderzon's lot (taken)
Two THOUSAND GUINEAS STAKES.
4to 1 agst, Lcyola, (taken)
6 to 1 agst Vidette (taken)
8 to 1 agat Drumour (taken)
CHESTER Cur.
50 to 1 agst St. Giles (cakes,)
50 to 1 aget Alice Wentworth (taken)
1000 to 15 agst Itigerthoroe (taken)
1000 to 15 agst Comedian (aken)
DERBY.
11 to 1 aget Blink Bonny (taken)
14 to 1 agst Loyola (taken)
20 to 1 agst Tournament (taken)
1000 to 40 agst Lady 4a-icthorn (taken)
1000 to 30 agst Athlete (taken)

WALTHAM ABBEY STEEPLECHASES.—We understand
that the steeplechase for which Janus came in first has
been decided in favour of British Yeoma❑. We have,
however, received no communication on this subject or
relative to the Hunt Steeplechase, also disputed, from
the clerk of the course or any official person connected
with the meeting.

IIEALTH OF LONDON DURING THE

WEEK.

(From, the _Report of the Registrar-General.
Tire total number of deaths registered in London in
the week that ended on Saturday is 1,069, being very
near:y the same as in the preceding week. Ia the corre.
spouoing weeks of the years 1845 55 the average number
of deaths was 1,247; but the deaths of last week occurred
in an increased population, and if they are to be compared
with the average the labter should be raised proportion-
ably to the increase, in which case it will become 1,372.
It appears that the number in the present return is less
by 300 than would have been returned if the average
rate of mortality had prevailed.
The number of deaths referred last week to diseases of
zymotic class is 211; the corrected average of correspond-
ing weeks is 273. Hooping-ccugb, which for 7 previous
weeks had shown great uniformity of results, the weekly
number of deaths having been about 40, increased last
week to 55. Typhus and common fever ranked next in
the order of mortality, and were fatal to 38 persons. Cases
of typhus seem to be frequent in Paddington ; a nurse
of St. Mary's Hospital died of it on the 10th inst. ; two
patients brought to the hospital from Harrow-road and
Stanley-street died on the 11th and 22d respectively, and
an aged woman on the 226 in Market-etreet. Measles
was fatal to 32 children, all under 10 years of aze ; 3 of
the deaths from it occurred in St. Margaret, WeAmin-
ster, 4in Islington. Scarlatina was fatal in 20 cases,
dial rircea in 12, erysipelas in 10, croup in 9, small-pox in
5. Tileing the diseases of this description in the aggre-
gate, the mortality froar them, at present, is not great.
The deaths caused by diseases affecting the respiratory
organs were 233, nearly the same as in the previous
week, and considerably less than the average. Fatal
casea of pneumonia, or inflammation of the lungs, de-
creased in two weeks from 93 to 67. Phthisis, or con-
sumption, which is not included in the class above men-
tioned, caused 128 deaths, the corrected average being
135.
Only two nonagenarians died in the week—vie., two
widows, aged respectively 91 and 92 years.
Last week the birihs of 749 boys and 723 girls, in all
1,472 children were registered in London. In the ten
corresponding weeks of the years 1846.55 the average
number was 1.382. _ _ _

At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean
height of the barometer in the week was 29.419 in. The
reading fell from 30.33 it.. at noon on Sunday, to 28.76
in. on Thursday. The mean temperature of the week was
35.7 deg., which is 2.5 deg. below the average of the
same week in 38 years (as determined by Mr. Glaisber).
The mean daily temperature was below the average on
the last five days, and on the last three days the extent
of depression below the average was from 7 deg. to 10
deg. The highest temperature was 46.5 deg., and oc-
curred on Sunday (the 21st) ; the lowest was 24.6 deg.,
and occurred on Friday. The range of the week was,
therefore, 21.9 deg. The highest temperature, on
Thursday (Christmas-day), was only 31.2 deg. The
mean dew-point temperature of the week was 32.9
deg., and the difference between this and the mean air
temperature was 2.8 deg. The mean temperature
of the water of the Thames was 40M deg. • the lowest
in the week was 38.4 deg., on Saturday. The wind was
generally in the west till noon on Thursday, after which
it was in the north-east, north, and north-west. The air
was frequently calm. The rain-fall of the week was
only 0.13 in., all of which occurred on Wednesday. Light
snow fell early on the morning of Saturday.

MORTALITY IN THE METROPOLIS.
NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM AIL CAUSES REGISTERED
IN THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, DEC. 27
Zymotic Diseases
Diseases of Uncertain Seat
Tubercular Diseases ....................
Diseases of the Brain, Nerves and Senses

Diseases of the Heart and Biood-vessels 5l
Diseases of the Lungs and other Organs of
Respiration .. 233
Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other Organs
of Digestion ...•
Diseases of the Kidneys, &c.
Childbirth, Diseases of the Uterus, &c.
Diseases of the Joints, Bones, and Muscles .. 0
Diseases of the Skin, &c.

Malformations z
Premature Birth and Debility 2B
Atrophy
Old Age
sudden l3
Violence, Privation, Cold, and Intemperance ..... 33
Causes not specified

DEATHS rllOll ALL CAUSES 1,069
Population Deaths in cone- Deaths
Enumerated. sponding week in the
1851. of 1855. Weeli.
West Districts
North Districts 490,396 309
Central Districts 393,256
East Districts 485,522
South Districts 616,635 ...... 408 ...... 264
- --.
Totals

Malec, 553
I:aulos 516
IN THE WEEL,

Males 749
Females 723

Total ....i5..., 1,472

Naval and Military Intelligence.

The non-commissioned officers and men belonging to
the depots of the Bth (the King's), 10th, 24th, 27th
(Enniskiliens), 29th, 35th (Royal Sussex), and 53d R,egi•
meats stationed at Chatham, who have not been in-

strutted in the use of the Enfield rifle, have been placed
under Captain W. Nott, 83d Regiment, to acquire a
knowledge of that weapon previously to embarking for

The Industry, steam store-ship, Master-Commander
Petley, arrived at Porztanouth on Monday, from Lisbon,
whither she had been with stores for Rear-Admiral Sir
Richard Dundas's squadron.
The Viet, r Emmanuel, 91, was taken out of Ports-
mouth harbour yesterday to Stokes-bay, to make another
trial of her speed. -
The Clicker, 2, steam gunboat, left Portsmouth yester-
day for the eastward.

The Stromboli, 6, steam sloop, Commander Burgess,
went into Portsmouth harbour yesterday afternoon, to
be paid ff.

The Trident, G, steaturessel, Commander F. A. Close,
went into Portsmouth harbour yesterday afternuan to
repad, her ir soe dects, and to have larger coppers put on
' boarcomplement now being 100 men.
The Excellent gunnery ship, Captain Sir T. Maitland,
C. 8., will be paid off at Portsmouth this day, and re-com-
missioned to-morrow. It is reported she will be manned
in future by gunners and gunners' mates only.
The f 110 wing officers bare taken up their commissions
to the Me!ornpus, fitting at Sheerness for coamtlYtiard ser-
vice at Newhaven:—Capt. L. G. Heath, C. 8.; Lieut. G.
M. Smith (late of the flagship Waterloo), Mr. W. S.
Collins, paymaster ; W. Loney, surgeon, M.D. ; Mr.
A. B. Cumming, clerk ; Mr. W. R. Billenge, assistant.
clerk ; Mr. R. Shaw, carpenter ; Mr. J. Gardner, boats-
wain ; Mr. W. J. Bliss, gunner (under warrants of the
third class) ; G. Archer, sergeant, R.M. ; 1 corporal, 1
fifer, and 12 privates, R.AI. Her complement is to be,
officers and men complete, 90, including 32 boys of the
first and second class.

The following gun-boats, now in the first class steam
squadron of reserve, under command of Capt. Edward
P. Halsted, of the Edinburgh, at Sheerness, have by an
Admiralty order just returned into store at that yard all
their sails, running rigging, &c., their immediate ser-
vices not being required—namely, the Ruby, Magnet,
Sandfly, Spanker, Eras, Louisa, and Mayflower.
The Thistle gun-boat was paid off on Monday at Sheer-
ness.

The crew of the flagship Waterloo (at Sheerness),
Capt. Lord Frederick Kerr, will be paid off this day.
She is to be recommissioned immediately, to bear the
flag of the Commander-in-Chief, the Hon. William Gor-
don, &c, .

The following ships and vessels are now in port at
Sheerness, in harbour, fitting basin, and in docks, viz. :
The Edinburgh, 60 guns, Capt. E. P. Halsted ; the Wa-
terloo, 120 guns, Capt. Lord F. Kerr, flag-ship ; the
Formidable, 84 guns, Capt.-Superintendent J. Jervis
Tucker ; the Royal George, 102 guns ; the Terrible, 21
guns ; the new screw steam corvette Scylla, 21 guns ;
the Argus, 6 guns ; the Eurotas, 12 guns, screw mortar-
ship ; the Hydra, 6 guns ; the Terror, 14 guns, floating
battery ; the Haratio, 12 guns ' • the Russell, 60 guns ;
the Hawke, 60 guns, Capt. J. Willcox, C. 8,, &c. ; the
Phcenix, 6 guns; the Renard, 6 guns ; the Foxhound,
6 guns ; the Pylades, 21 guns ; the Trusty, 14 guns,
floating. battery ; the now screw steam frigate Emerald,
51 guns ; the Hermes, 6 guns, Cont. W. E. A. Gordon ;
the Lizard, steam vessel, Lieut.-Commander Thothas B.
Christopher; the Myrtle, steam vessel, Master-Com-
mander W. S. Bourchier ; the African steam vessel,
Second Master-Commander R. Harvey; the Fearless,
steanavessel ; the Wildfire steam tender to Waterloo,
Master-Commander George Brockman ; the Malampus,
42 guns, Captain L. Heath, C. 8., &c. The gunboats
Louisa, Magnet, Erne, Mayflower, Ruby, Sandfly, Car-
nation, Span'aer, Pelter, Fly, Hasty, Cochin, Julia,
Dwarf, Fidget, Griper, Mastiff, Mistletoe, Traveller,
Spey, Surly, Herring, Sepoy, Bullfrog, Tickler, Manly,
Thistle, and the new screw steam despatch gunboat Nim-
rod. The new E•hip Meeance, 80 guns, is in No. 2 dry
dock, being altered to receive screw-steam machinery.
Preparations were yesterday morning commenced, at
an early hour, for the launch of her Majesty's 20-gun
screw steam-corvette Scoot, constructed in Woolwich
Dockyard. As the tide flowed up the blocks under
the ship's keel were removed one by one, leaving only
two remaining. A slight motion was then observed
when she began to draw. A little girl, about four
years of age, the only child of Commodore and Mrs.
Shepherd, acted as sponsor ; she grasped the bottle
of wine in both hands and dashed it against the vessel,
exclaiming " Success to the Scout." Orders were then
given to " out the triggers," and the cords which sus-
pended the weights having been cut, the dog-shores
were knocked away, and tee chip was free. The motion,
though scarcely perceptible, Lad already begun, and,
gradually augmenting, soon attained a rapid velocity,
which carried her forward into the Thames amid the
checrieg of the crowd. She was subsequently brought
rnind to the mouth of the outer basin, and was finady
warped in, in order to receive her engines and machinery
prior to being docked. The Scout is a sistr r ship to the
Pearl, Fled a as built on the same slip as the la, ter ves.,:e%
Sne is built to draw 20 fret of water if heavtiy laden,
but, under ordinary circom,tances, she draw from
16 to 17 feet. Tile following are the dimensions of the
vessel :

Ft. la.
Lergli between the perpendiculars '2oo 0
Length of keel for tonnage l7l 9:
Breadth, extreme 4O 4
Breadth for tonnage 4O 0
Breadth, moulded 39 4
Depth in ho.'d
L'urthen in tone, 1,402 21-94

The freight ship Vesta has entered the Victoria Docks,
for the purpose of being laden with light ordnance stores,
gun carriages, field gun cartridges, and combustibles,
from Woolwich Arsenal, for Rio de Janeiro.

The freight ship Ciara is embarking ordnance stores
from Woolwich Arsenal for St. Louis.

The freight ship Dorothy is shipping gun carriages,
shot, &c., from Woolwich Arsenal, for the Mauritius.
The freight ship Ciara Louisa is taking in a cargo of
ordnance t-tores from Woolwich for Malta.
The freight ship Challenge went down to Woolwich
yesterday from the London Docks, in order to embark
ordnance stores and ammunition for Gibraltar.
The Rival is taking in ordnance stores from Woolwich
for the Cape, and the British Sing is embarking a simi-
lar cargo for Trinidad.
The Iris, 26, bas been commissioned at Chatham by
Captain W. Loring, C.B. (1848), and is intended for the
Australian service.

The Southampton, 50, Captain E. P. Charlewood
(1855), fitting at Chatham for the Coastguard service, is
awaiting her sailing orders to proceed to Harwich, at
which port she is to be stationed as the guardebip.
TLe Renown, 91, screw steamer, building at Chatham,
is being rapidly completed, and will be ready for launch-
ino.6 in a few weeks. She is to be fitted with machinery
of 800. horse power. Her figurehead has been raised,
and from the exertions which are making by her buildets
she will be fit for launching in a short time. The fol-
lowing figures will show the size of this fine vessel :
Ft. In.
Length between perpendiculars 244 9
Length for tonnage
Breadth, extreme 55 4
Breadth for tonnage
Breadth, moulded
Depth of hold 24 6
Burthen in tons, 3,317 78 94.
The followind appointments were made at the Admi-
ralty yesterday :

Suigeon—Andrew Moffitt to the Iris.
Assistant-Surgeons—Benjamin Browning (acting) to
the Iris ; Samuel Campbell (luting) to the Plumper.

DELIVERING UP OF THE ARCTIC SHIP
RESOLUTE TO GREAT BRITAIN. .

--
PORTSMOUTH, Dec. 30.—T0-day the final handing
over of the Arctic discovery-ship Resolute to Great
Britain was effected, considerable interest being excited
by the event. The American colours, side by side
with those of this country, hung this morning from
the peak of the stout old ship. At a quarter to one
o'clock Captain Seymour, flag-captain to the Com-
mander-in. Chief, went on board the Resolute to receive
her on the part of the nation. Mr. Penn, the master
of the Victory, Mr. Burdwood, second master of the
Victory, a party of seamen, and a corporal's guard
from the same ship, also went on board to take charge
of her. Captain Hartstein now ordered his crew to
take up their proper positions—the starboard watch
forward and the port watch aft. Captain Seymour,
after spending a few minutes in the cabin of Captain
Hartstein, returned on deck, and as the dockyard
clock struck one the flag-ship Victory hoisted the
United States stars and stripes at her main and fired a
salute to that flag of 21 guns. Whilst the salute was
being tired Captain Hartatem ordered the American
colours to be hauled down on board the Resolute, and
the Union Jack then floated alone, whilst at the es.
see mainmast the pennant of a British naval Officer
was hoisted. The salute being ended, and the change
c
of colours effected, the crew of the Resolute manned
the rigging, and gave three hearty cheers
for the salute. as a return

Captain Hartstein, surrounded by his officers
p r ot tigsss
iistiwap 1.
that this
and the
Chevalier Papalardo, the American Vice-Consul, then
addressing Captain Seymour, said—Sir, the closing scene
of my most pleasant and important mission h"
"tivfter
be performed ; and permit me to hope that, long,
Pena every timber in her sturdy frame shall have cherishedperl
by the people of the respective nations. 1-2 ',
the remembrance of the old Resolute will be
with a
pride totally at variance with our
strike my flag, and to you, sir, give up ideas,
Captain Seymour replied—l am sure,
dregtates towards
this country, and the graceful
graceful act on the part of the
133 a
cintehre other officers of
been performed by yourself, sir, and
the ship, will ever live in the United
in which it has
This concluded the
England.
ceremony of the delivery of the
memory of the people of
vessel to this country, the
Qureeeceived the gilt on her
be recollected, personallyat
n herself having, it will
Cowes. The Sprightly,
visit to the Resolute,
steamer, Master
here, was lying along-
aide
the Resolute Bin" her arrive n the officers and crew of
on
and seamen s
' '
been in close attcenonidarnnaander George Allen, which has
attendanceei
the o
Bide with steam up,
baggage being completed, one of the United States
surrender being already on board, and on the formal
officers ";„°?,l flag, And il'/Vf we are going to board your
i niarly said to Mr. Allen, " We have struck
cur "lath's"— p "
g"fiti having been ordered to convey the
officersN w York.
ships"ta-nedBc-rrel-w to Southampton, to take passage there
for New
The crew of the Resolute then left her, and wen ort

board the Sprightly, Captain Hartstein and the other
officers following, after having bid a cordial adian to
Captain Seymour, the British officers left in charge of
the Resolute, and the few civilians present. Prior to
this, however, a glass of champagne was most enthu-
siastically drunk to the health of Captain Hartsteefn,
and the other officers and the crew of the Resolute.
Their final abandonment of the vessel scorned to create
some emotion on the part of the officers and men as b 0
had brought her home, all of whom appeared to fee
that they had only performed a work of love and plea-
sure, and which had been most amply requited by the
kindness and hospitality with which they had been
received in England. However great that hospitality
may have been, it is certain that no set of officers an d
men could have deserved it, even in a personal point :of
view, more than those in question.
By a quarter past 1 the Sprightly was under weir,
and the Resolute remained in chare' o of Mr. Penn, Mr.
Burdwood, and the half dozen British seamen and
corporal's guard of marines, passing between the flagship
Victory and the screw blockship Pembroke, 60, the
crews of these ships manned the rigging, and gave chaserafter cheer to the American officers and men. The latter
returned the compliment in the most hearty manner,
and which was repeated from ship to ship with the
greatest enthusiasm. The general effect was of a very
thrilling and interesting character. Even the dockyard
steam tug Pigmy managed to mount some of her crew
on her spare rigging, and they also gave their quota of
applause to the nation's guests as they passed.
The Sprightly was by this time going out of harbour,
on her way to Southampton to place the American
officers and crew on board the United States mail packet
Washington, which leaves to-morrow for New York.

SOUTHAMPTON, TUESDAY.---Her Majesty's deem ship
Sprightly, Master Commander Allen, arrived in dock
this afternoon, with Captain Hartstein and the officers
and crew of the Resolute, who will take their departure
in the United States mail steam ship Washington
to-morrow. The Sprightly will remain until the Wash-
ington takes her departure, and accompany her to the
Channel. Captain Ilartstein and his officers were
received on the quarterdeck of the Washington by
Commander Cavendy.

TIM BANK CHARTER ACT.

(From, the Derbyshire Courier.)

A long letter has been addressed to the Times
by " Mercator" (L )rd Overstone it is generally
understood) on the Bank Charter Act of 1844.
There is little in the matter or method of this
communication to entitle it to serious public con-
sideration. It is, indeed, principally a glorification
of the Bill of 1844, and of the assumed cleverness
and sagacity of its authors, and abounds with de-
clamatory dogmatism, unsupported assumptions,
and illogical conclusions. "Mercator " was never
greatly distinguished for force or eloquence of
style. His natural manner is hard, dry, and cold.
In this letter he attempts the metaphorical and
figurative with every indifferent success. Here is
"Mercator's" poetical sketch of the Bank Charter
Act of 1844.—"1 he winds have blown, the waves
have rolled, even the compass has been disturbed,
and has seemed at timqs to give uncertain indica-
tions, but the vessel has kept her true course, and
she is now about to sue h( r further voyages
sound iu all parts, her masts and her rigging un-
disturbed, and her cargo uninjured. Are we then
to cashier the captain, to condemn the ship, to
issue a new code of sailing instructions, &c., Arc."
Whether the Bill of 1844 he at once the compass,
the vessel, and the captain, or whether the Bill be
the compass, and the country the vessel, and Lord
Overstone the captain, or whether any definite
meaning was attached to the passage by " Mer-
cator" when he indited it, the public will pro-
bably never take the pains to inquire. We must
have more substantial reasons that such vapid
common-places furnish, before we can consent to
the Continuance of an act which, with its comple-
ment of 1849, has produced more ruin and misery
in this country than has been caused by any legis-
lative measure over enacted by Parliament.
The whole argument of " Mercator's" letter
amounts to this—" Since the pasiing of the Bill of
1819 the trade and commerce of the country Lave
prospered ; therefore the Bilt of 1849 was a sound
and efficient measure."

Mercator indeed appears to be aware that the
Bank Charter Act has done little to increase our
exports or imports, or to promote the general pros-
perity of the country. " These results," l,e says,
" cannot be claimed as the direct and necessary
consequences of the menet:try legislation of 1814.
They aro the glorious fruits of the free ttade mea-
sures of that period. " But, he proc eds, verging
again on the poetical, "if the seed was sown and
first germinated in the ;0 I of free-trade, let us re-
member that our monetary legislation has consti-
tuted the atmosphere in which the plant has grown
to its present strength and maturity." on reading
this we were iimmedeltely reminded of honest Mr.
Burchell's exclamatiou—Vveige ! We have no wish
to uEx up the questions of Free Trade and Cur-
rency. But if Mercator be right in claiming the
degree of prosperity which this country has at times
enjeyed since the passing of the Act of 1841 as the
"glorious fruits of the Free Trade measures," to
what catise is the increased arid mereosmg rrespe-
rity of countries which still retain their old pro-
tective system to ho attri'Aited ?
How is it that France and other continental na-
tions have increased their exports and imports, and
developed their resources, and added w the "com-
forts and luxuries" of the people ? How is it that
the United States under protection have a surp'us
revenue of Four Millions, and are able to pay off
their debt as soon as their creditors will accept
payment ?
We hold, as we have said, that the imposition of
duties which interfere with the freedom of the ex-
change of commodities between nations is injurious
to all parties. But let it be remembered that this
country prospered during the war with a Protective
system, as other countries are now doing. Had
not Peel's Bill of 1819 been passed, the great con-
troversy between Free Trade and Protection would
not have arisen. It was only when, having Pro-
tection to keep up prices, this country was deluded
into passing a law to enhance the value of money
also, that the different classes of the community
were forced into collision. The Money Laws
caused the dispute about Free Trade and Protec-
tion to swell into importance. Dear bread and
dear money were too much for human endurance.
And at last "Peel," rather than
.give up his
Money Laws, was driven to consent to the repeal
of the Corn Laws, under the expectation that
thereby cheap
bread would be provided for the
people.
"Mercator's atmospheric" Bank Charter Act
has been " a trifle light as air" as to any good it
has ever done. At times it has effected great evil.
",Mercator " does not mention the Panic of 1847
.when he is referring to " the lessons of former ex-
perience." Yet more mischief was done to the
country at that time by the direct operation of the
Bill of 1844, than it would do good were it to
exist, with all. its puerile contrivances and narrow-
minded restrictions, for a century.
We tell Mercator, or Lord Overstone, that the
thing which has promoted the progress and pros-
perity of the nation, as well as that of the European
nations and of America, has been a wonderful
occurrence which has overridden the pernicious
tendency of his unpbilosophical and paltry mone-
tary scheme. It is the unprecedented discovery of
gold in California and Australia which, while it has
rendered the system of Free Trade or Protection of
comparative unimportance, has mitigated, though
not removed, the pernicious effects of the Peel and
Overstone money laws.
Mercator and the bullionists may say that the
gold discoveries have had little influence, and,
wedded to their theory, they may persist in the
opinion that gold has depreciated only some two
or three per cent. But will any man of common
America, believe that wheat
sense, either here or in
has been selling for the last three years at between
808. and 100 s. a quarter, without, at least, a con-
siderable part of this high price being attributable
to the depreciation ofgold ? Or can any man, not
blinded by Prejudice suppose that duce 1849
130,000,000 •
/ of gold has been poured into the
lowering goldand • •
market without
world's
the prices of other commodities ?
What does Adam smith say on this subject I
tg Gold and silver, like every other commodity,
vary in their value, are sometimes cheaper and
sometimes dearer, sometimes of easier and some-
times of more difficult purchase. The quantity of
labour which any particular quantity of them can
purchase or command, or the quantity of other
goods which it will exchange for, depends always
upon the fertility or barrenness of the mines which
happen to be known about the time when such ex-
changes are made. The discovery of the abundant
mines of America reduced, in the 16th century, the
value of gold and silver in Europe to about a third
of what it had been before." The discoveries of
the precious metals at the time referred to by Adam
Smith not only depreciated their value, but gave
a stimulus to trade and commerce greater than had
ever occurred in the world's history.
The gold discoveries of the present day have
done much good, and they would do much more
were not their beneficial influence checked and im-
peded by the pernicious and, unjust restrictions of
the Acts of 1819 and 1844. Give us, we say to
the Free-trader Lord Overstone, the reality, not
the mockery, of Free Trade. Repeal the narrow
restrictive system of your Bank Charter Act ; and
give us Free Trade in money, as well as in money's
worth.
Delivered from the existing monetary system the
country would derive the full benefit of the gold
discoveries, and should they cease or fall off to-
morrow, we could with representative paper money,
make greater advances towards the general pros-
perity of the masses of the people than have yet
I been dreamed of in Lord Overstone's philosophy.

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