The Sun.
London, England, 1856-07-26 00:00:00

THE INSURRECTION IN SPAIN.

The Constitutionnel of yesterday contains tb•
following article on Spain':—
"The present crisis is due to the savage attempts at
Valladolid and other point Tney were followed oy the
Ministerial crisis in Madrid. Called by the confidence
of the Queen to form a new Cabinet, ,t was necessary for
Marshal O'Donnell to act, and he did act. It is certain
that in the state of matters prompt and decisive mea.
sures were indiepereiable ; these measures he adopted.
The extreme factions replied by revolt to the manifesto
which preceded the state of siege. For a long
time previous they had prepared for the strugele.
The national militia hal, above all, been the object of an
indefatigable propaganda. A misunderstanding could
throw it into the ranks of the rioters ; under the pretext
of defending the principles of the revolution of July, and
of maintaining the Ministry of Marshal Espartero, it was
drawn into the straggle. The mllitia of Madrid, after
having fought for Espartero, would have anchored under
the republic in the same manner that the national guard
in Paris was drawn by reform in February into the re-
volution. The overthrow of the throne of Queen Isabella
and of monarchial institutions was meditated by the ex-
treme factions, and the excesses of Valladolid were to
have given the sinister signal. By anticipating the peril,
the Government of the Queen has in ,es great measure
conjured it. The troops, commanded with resolution,
displayed great constancy and firmness. Every resist-
ance fell before them. It, however, we are to believe
the telegraph, the attitude of the troops at Saragoi.;esa
has, been very different. It is said that there they
have made common cause with the revolt. This fact,
if true, is not conclusive, and we trust that in Spain
as in France, the army will prove the instrument of
the salvation of civilisation and of society. Palle
tranquillity appears to he restored at Madrid. Toe
revolt of Araeon is doubtless an event of import-
ance, but it would seem to result from the general late'.
lence received that the insurrectional movement is be-
coming weaker, and is, so to say, dying a na ural death.
Up to the present day Government has the upper hand
in Catalonia. Tne revolution has succumbed in Bar•
celona, the second capital of Spain, from whence revolts.
iions Lace so often gone forth to dominate the Penin-
sula. If all c iuse of alarm has not disappeared, the
chances are in favour of the cause of order. It is for
the Queen's Government to complete the work by the
vigour and skill of its conduct. It has bad the courage
to meet the evil and to face it ; and let us hope that it
will possess the wisdom necessary for the acoomplish.
went of its task."

HOW ARE THE MIGHTY FALLEN

(From a Correspondent of the Morning AdverCser)
SPAIN AS SBE WAS AND AS SLUE IS.

There is no other instance of a nation which, in so
short a time, has fallen from the position of a first-
rate Power to that of almost international non.
existence, as Spain. Under Philip the Second, her
empire was one of the most splendid and powerful
the world ever saw. Dreaded by sea as well iihs by
land, even after the destruction ~f the Armada, that
monarch reCroaed amongst his pos visions Spain, For-
the Netherlands on both sides of the Rhine,
F..mehe Com d R )ussillon, the Milane,e, and the Two
Similes. In Asia he possessed the Philippines, and the
P •rtuguese settler. »ts on the coast of Malabar and
Cor..mandel, in the peninsula ..f M:slaces, and in the
Spice Islands of the Eact7rn Archipelago. In America,
his dominions extended on each sioe of the equator into
the temperate zine. His revenues were twelve times
greatcr than those of Qtieen Elizabeth. He had a stand-
ing army of fifty thou-and men, and a naval fire) of a
hundrA and fokty galleys.
No nation could boast a more splendid array of men
of genius, almost all of whom were also either dist ne
gui.bed in wins or diplomacy. In the latter art the
Spaniards were the masters of their time ; and
Mat:amity, in proof of the dread in which their powers
in this respect were held in F. gland, qu,..tes from au
address to Mary the foltowing lines :—" They be verye
wyse and palit.cke, and can tuorowe thee wysdome re-
form and br.edsl theyr owns natures for a tyre, and
apply ther conditions to the mailers of tlr.:.se men with
whom they meddell giadlye by friendshippe ; whose mia-
cbievous in,ners a man shall never knuwe untyll
come unCer !her subjection : but then shall he parfectyte
parceyve and fele them : which thynge 1 praye God
~El3.4land never. do for in dissiciulatiune untyll they
have View . po.t e , and afterwards in oppression and
tyranriye, when they can obtayne them, they do exceed
all other nations upon the eartile."
But before a hundred years had passed Spain hal lost
Aallran ?, Portugal, Artois, Roussillon, and French°
Cora'4. In the East, her power and possessions were
eclipsed by those of the Dutuh ; and in the West, Erik•
land bad seize'l her settlements in ail Mexican Sea. An
incurable decay was eating int,, thu very heart of the
empire. By sea and by land us forces dwindled away
in liumiltr, acrd deze,:era4.efl in character. Willi) bad
destroyed the bulwarks of public liberty, and prosperity
ceases with them.

BREWERS, &c.—l❑ England and Wales there are now
2,290 common hrew,,rs, 62,128 victuallas, 40,179 per-
sons licen.4ed to sell be,r to be drunk on the premises,
and '2,837 licensed to se'l beer withont the privilege of
drinking it on the premises. 25,317 victuallers brew
their own beer, and of these 12,751 sell beer to be drunk
on the premises. In Scotland there arel2o common brew-
ere, 9,648 victuallers or publicans, and 3,329 grocers who
sell beer and spirits not to be drunk on the prewiees.
In Ireland there are 104 brewerep 15,781 victwilkete,
and 270 spirit dealing grocers.