The Sun.
London, England, 1851-08-26 00:00:00

usually detached from the trains at a station in the
suburbs, and the carriages are drawn by horses to the
termini in the towns.
Mr. Adams claims that one of these engines, draw-
ing one of the long eight-wheeled carriages, carrying
40 passengers, will travel with perfect smoothness and
steadiness from 40 to 50 miles an hour, and, by rea-
son of its lightness, will do this without any damage
to the rails or roadway. It may be employed,
as a simple four-wheeled tank engine to draw 100
tons gross of waggons for a distance of 25 miles. A pair
of ordinary breaks are applied to the driving wheels,
and powerful sledge breaks are applied to the other
wheels, the whole of which are at the command of the
driver and stoker on the platform of the engine. This
arrangement of sledge breaks prevents any damage
to wheels or rails such as they are liable to with
breaks of the common kind, and it is evident that so
light a machine may be easily started and stopped.
Engines of this form and construction have been for
some time in operation on the Eastern Counties, the
Cork and Bandon, the St. Helen's, the Londonderry
and Enniskillen, the Bristol and Exeter, and some
other railways. They may be applied, according to
the patentees, with advantage upon lines where the
traffic is small, and where the larger class of engines
is impracticable.
The second locomotive engine, of much smaller
dimensions, called " the England," the peculiarity of
which is great lightness in proportion to its power,
and the combinatio❑ of the engine and tender upon
the same wheels, will also he observed. The purpose
of this engine is to work trains of light weight, and
its constructors affirm that it has sufficient power to
impel a train of six first-class carriages at a speed of
60 miles an hour; and if their expectations be rea-
lized it will accomplish this at half the working
expense of the engines now used for such trains.
Although it has no tender, it is stated to be capable of
carrying a stock of fuel and water sufficient for a
stage of 50 miles, so that it would be capable of tak-
ing a train from London to York by taking in a feed
of fuel and water at three intermediate stations.
The South-Eastern Company exhibit an express
locomotive engine called "Folkestone," constructed
upon Mr. Crampton's patent, which claims advantages
from having the engine suspended from three points
at the ends of the machine, the object being to insure
the weights on the wheels being at all times the same,
and thus producing the greatest amount of steadiness.
Attention is also claimed to the fact that the whole of
the machinery is independent of the road, and is thus
similar in its action to a fixed engine, and the risk of
breaking the cranked axle, which frequently occurs in
inside cylinder engines, is avoided.—Morning Paper.
ro he continued )

OVERCROWDING STEAM-BOATS.
The new Act, which received the royal assent on the
7th inst., to consolidate and amend the laws relating to
steam navigation, and to the boats and lights to be car-
ried by sea-going vessels, has been printed. There are
several clauses to prevent the overcrowding of steam-
boats, of which daily complaints are now being made.
The Board of Trade is to assist in the execution of the
Act. The laws. in force at the present time on steam
navigation are the 9th and 10th of Victoria, c. 100, and
the 11th and 12th of Victoria, c. 81, under which certi-
ficates as to the number of passengers to bo carried aro
granted. The new Act contains fifty-one clauses. The
former Acts are to be repealed on the 31st of December.
Steam-vessels are to be surveyed twice a year, and
declarations sent to the Board of Trade, and a certifi-
cate of the vessel and of the number of passengers to
be carried is to he granted and exhibited in a con-
spicuous part of the vessel. Penalties arc to be levied
on the owners exceeding the number, and on per-
sons who insist upon remaining on board. It is• enacted
by the 12th section "that if the owner or master,
or other person in charge of a vessel, receive on
board more than the number stated in the certificate,
they shall forfeit and pay a sum not exceeding 201., and
also ss. for every passenger over and above the number
specified in the certificate. Persons forcing their way
on board when a vessel is full, and refusing to quit after
having the fare tendered, if the same had been p3id, aro
to be liable to a penalty of 403. Also, if any person,_o
shall travel a greater distance than he has paid hisr fare
for, with intent to avoid the payment, or shall refuse to,
quit the vessel, such person is w of
5;., liable to a penalty L
51., in addition to the fare payable by him. Further, it
g committed
is provided that every person who,
any of the offences mentioned, refusesh:rviiirnaPpthliecaetmiovniooyf
the master of the vessel or other personne or address, or
Gf the owner thereof, to give his,na and address,
who, on such application, gives a false nameshall forfeit and g
• "Au Act to Consolidate
pay to the owner a sum not exceeding
201. The title of the Act is, r
ise. to the Regulation of
end Amend the Laws
go:Boats and Lights to be
6;eam Navigation, and troel
I
carried by Sea-going Vessels.
ration on the 31st of Decet will
mber next.l .11
cone into ope.
•