The Sun.
London, England, 1833-02-28 00:00:00

COUR r CIRCULAR.

Yesterday, at two o'clock, his Majesty held a Levee. Lord
Adolphus Fitzclarence was the Lord, and Admiral Sir Robert
Otway the Groom, in Waiting.

The King gave audiences to the Duke of Richmond, Earl
Grey, Viscount Melbourne, Lord Hill, Sir James Graham, and
Lord Palmerston.

The Field Officer in waiting and the Colonel of the Guard
had au audience of his Majesty, and made a report of the state
of the three regiments of Foot Guards.
At the entree Levee were the Russian Ambassador ; the
Neapolitan, Bavarian, Prus ian, Swedish, Wurtemberg, Mexi-
can, Hanoverian, Saxon, Netherlands, and Turkish Ministers ;
the Sardinian Charge d'Affaires, Count Matuszewic, the Spe-
cial Russian Minister, Count Pozzo di Borgo, M. Mavrojeni,
the Secretary to the Hanoverian Legation, the Bishop of
London, the Lord President, the First Lord of the Treasury,
the Secretaries of State for the Home, Foreign, and Colonial
Departments, the Post-Master-General, the First Lord of the
Admiralty, the Secretary of State for Ireland, the Master of the
Horse, the Vice Chamberlain, Lord Hill, Gold Stick, the
Treasurer of the Household, the Master of the Robes, the
Master of the ceremonies, Lord Saltoun, Field-Officer; Colonel
Lygon, and Colonel Lygon, and Colonel Bowater Equerry.
At the General Levee were—

DUKE—Bedford.

. MAnQuis—Downshire• tx, Aorten.
EARLS—Howe..
„.
—Li=borough, Saltoun, 0. Somerset, C. Russel'.
Stits—H. Hardinge, J. Bisset, K.O H., R. Spencer, G.
Shifter, F. Roe, H. J. Brydgeg,
Rev. Mr. C. R Fanshawe.

MessiEußs—Elliot, W. Phillips, Des Barres, Conroy, Cot.
tin, T. Harrison, Courtenay, S. M. Phillipps.
FIELD-MARSIIAL—Duke of Wellington.
ADMIRALS—Murray, Honeyman, Sir R. King, Sir F. Le.
forey, Sir D. Gould.
GENERALS—Lomax, Lord Lynedoch, Phipps, Goldie, Sir
J. Hamilton, Bart., Bayly.
COLONELS—Hare, Sir C. Thornton, Warburton, (}rey,
Grant, M.P., Sir C. B. Were, Shawe, Parker, Stanhope, Sir T.
Eustace.
MaJoas—Hamilton, Hyde.

CAPIAINS—Arthu, Waldegrave, R.N., G. Taubman.

LIEUTENANTS—J. Phelps, Goidle, R.N., T. C. Dickson,
F. H. Murray, R.N.

The following were presented to his Majesty :

Judge Des Barres, of the Supreme Court, Newfoundland, on
his return on leave of of absence, by Viscount Goderich.

Mr. Conroy, on his being appointed as an attaché to his Ma.
jesty's Mission at Brussels, by the Secretary of State for Fo.
reign Affairs.

Viscount Dillon, on coining to his title and on his marriage,
by the Hon. General Phipps.

- Mr. William Phillips, Deputy-Lieutenant, by Lord Gran-
ville Somerset.

Deputy Commissary-General Elliot, by Sir Herbert Taylor.
Lord Charles Russell, by his Grace the Duke of Bedford.
Lieutenant Goldie, R.N., on promotion, by his father, Lieu.
tenant-General Goldie.

Colonel Hare, on his return from Portugal, by Viscount
Palmerston.

Admiral Murray, by Sir James Graham.

Colonel Warburton, 85th Regiment, on his return from the
Mediterranean.

Lieutenant James Phelps, by General Sir E. Kerrison.
Lieutenant T. C. Dickson, on his return to India, by Major.
General Sir Lionel Smith, K.C.B.
Major Hamilton, on promotion, by General Sir R. C. Fer-
guson, G.C.B.

Captain Arthur, 93d Highlanders, on his departure for the
West Indies, by Col. Wemyss, Aide-de-Camp to his Majesty.
Lieutenant J. H. Murray, KN., on his promotion, by Sir
James Graham.

The Princess Sophia visited their Majesties yesterday.
Prince George of Cambridge viewed Mr. Burford's Pano.
rama of Milan and Stirling on Tuesday.

Lord Frederick Fitzclarence and Lord Ranelagh visited Mr.
Burford at his painting-room, to view the forthcoming Pano.
rama of the Siege of Antwerp.
At the late Levee Lieutenant G. C. Degeti Lewis, R. E.,
was presented as heir-at.law to the late Sir William John
Playters, of Yelverton, who was the last Baronet of the ancient
family of the Playters of Sotterby, St:Wolk.

We understand that it is the intention of her
MAJESTY to honour Gwent-garden theatre with her pre-
sence this evening. The performances commanded are—
Fra Diavolo anti the Pantomime of Puss in Boots.

LAW APPOINTMENT.--Notwithstanding it
has gone the round of the press, and apparently on au-
dio; ity, that the vacant office of Master of the Report-
office of the Court of Chancery was now to be abolished,
it was yesterday again filled up by the LORD CHANCELLOR
in the appointment of Mr. RAYNSFORD, Senior Deputy
Registrar, to be Master or Clerk of the Report-office, and
Keeper and Filer of Decrees and Reports. Mr. RAYNS-
FORD is a highly meritorious individual, and has been suc-
ceeded by Mr. BitnwELL, than whom a more indefatigable,
intelligent, and courteous officer could not be found.
A SURGEON NONPLUSSED.—A surgeon ce
lebrated for charging his patients for " his visits," lately
sent in his bill to one of his customers, who thus re-
torted on Sir, I will pay you for your physic,
but I mean to return your visits."—Kendal Herald.
FEATS OF M. CHABERT EXPLAINED.--
The feats sometimes performed by quacks and mounte-
banks, in exposing their bodies to fierce temperatures, may
be easily explained. When a man goes into an oven raised
to a very high temperature, he takes care to have under
his feet a thick mat of straw, wool, or other non-con-
ducting substance, upon which he may stand with impu-
nity at the proposed temperature. His body is surrounded
with air, raised, it is true, to a high temperature, but the
extreme tenuity of this fluid causes all that portion of it
in contact with the body at any given time to produce brit
a slight effect in communicating heat. The exhibitor
always takes care to be out of contact with any good con-
ducting substance ; and when he exhibits the effect pro-
duced by the oven, in which he is enclosed, upon other
objects, he takes equal care to place them in a condition
very different from that in which he himself is placed; he
exposes them to the effect of metal or other good conduc-
tors. Meat has been exhibited, dressed in the apartment
exhibitor
of Cottage and Villa Ar-
ro
; a metal surface is in such a case pro-
vided, and, probably,
re whichlpyh,eheatedto ar
surroundsu ch higherth e e temper a•
chi " —twu ritfehi cot the
uhadrs.nneoe x'
8 h
Encyclopediaat

So long as the establishment of courtsmartial firms a
characteristic of the Irish Coercive Bill, so long will any
' eubordinate adjustment or modification of its provisions
f ll short of that point at which it would, in our opi-
nion, be possible for any constitutional English mind to
support the measure, as a whole, through Parliament.
The extension of military authority beyond its accustomed
limits—the spread of the scarlet and buff-leather jurisdic-
' tion over any province of the social or political system
which has been heretofore exempted from its touch—is to
he regarded as a Brave misfortune for a free community.
We have often and sedulously guarded ourselves from ei-
oressing one sentiment disrepectful to the British army,
than which there exists no more valuable or admirable
instrument when applied to its,proper usues. When, in
the case of foreign invasion, or of open rebellion at home,
the Sovereign, in discharge of his rightful and indispen-
sable duty, proclaims martial lay throughout the whole
kingdom, or a part of it, his Majesty does an act
which is well understood in all its bearing+ upon both
Government and subject, an act which precedent
has familiarized and defined, which the public safety de.
mends, and the Constitution has foreseen and provided
for. There is not then any clashing of authorities, any
room for encroachment upon civil rights, or for the silent
adulteration and corruption of our political habits. The
law of the land is not crippled, but suspended ; because,
from the nature of the crisis, any endeavour to vindicate
or enforce a legal process by the ordinary legal mans
would only expose the impotence of the effort to derision,
and must, by bringing the law itself into contempt, im-
pair its natural influence over the people, and degrade
them into a fitness for the permanent endurance of military
government. The single engine, therefore, by which or-
der can at such disastrous seasons be preserved, and life and
property protected, is the sword. The necessity for this
intruder's presence is then manifest and acknowledged,—
the ends for which its aid is resorted to are fixed and de-
finite. The military power is not ingrafted upon the
Constitution, but supersedes it, whilst the emergency re-
mains and no longer, leaving behind no trace of the sligheet
intermixture or confusion between the principles of military
force and those of civil policy, nor any ambiguous ground
on which a vicious or unconstitutional precedent might he
hereafter pleaded. Now, in the present instance, we con-
sider the erection of an half military, half civil authority,
of a compound of half concurrent, half conflicting powers,
in Ireland, to be far worse than a proclamation of martial
law, and an entire abandonment of the field of action to
the army. Under martial law the people would under-
stand that there was no law but the bayonet. They
might not suffer more oppression, probably far less, than
from Irish squireens and policemen, co-operating with or
misdirecting the docil, activity of the troops ; but, what..
ever excesses might be committed—whatever grievances
might be suffered, or sense of injury excited, they woulri
not, at least, be imputed to the immedia'e policy of the
Legislature ; the law would not be rendered odious on
account of them—Parliament wool,' not be held resi on-
eible in the eyes of the nation. Military law stands partA
from the Constitution, to which it ought to be allowed no
access; the separation ought to be kept absolute and com-
plete. The soldier ought not to be naturalizes in the law
of England as a dispenser of criminal justice. He
ought never to be employed except when subject to the
discretion of the civil magirrate, otherwise a novel and
baneful principle is insinuated into the frame of the consti-
tution ; and one bad principle may be worse than an
hundred pernicious, but isolated measures. Our opposi-
tion to this conrtmartial clause has been uniform.
we trust not intemperate or indiscritr'i
‘'l'tdeb:(7.7
oli
looked upon that clause thre. v
t.:4
the army its.to thearer
people,—aseLi un-
to)lifa tribunal, both for the detection
rltiftel."a—nd for the infliction of punishment,—and as
one, finally, which creates a precedent susceptible of the
most vicious and dangerous imitation. It would, at the
same time, have been unfair to reprobate any portion of the
Ministerial project without pointing out how it might have
been amended; and this branch of our duty we strove to
execute, by spy citsing two or three descriptions of court
as far within the pale of law and conatio.ition as the courts
martial were beyond it. If the Ministers persist in their
preference of the soldier-court to one composed of judges,
or barristers and special jurors, and if the House of
Commons enable them to succeed, we are bound to repeat,
and we do so with unfeigned reluctance, that neither Mi-
nisters nor Parliament will, in our opinion, have dis-
charged their obligations to the people of England. There
are o•her clauses, viz., those relative to the mode and ob-
ject of forcing an entrance into the habitations of the poor,
on which we have already commented ; neither will it be
wisd ,m, so far as we can judge, to leave these provisions
of the Bill unmodified. When the haste and eagerness
with which this measure proceeds are compared with the
tardiness observable in all the measures leading to a re-
dress of grievances', indeed, with the probability that some
of those more glaringly indispensable will not be pro.
posed by Ministers at all, we are really panic-stricken
at the prospect before the country. Lord Althorp has
postponed his first remedial measure—namely, that for re-
forming the Church of Ireland—until the 12th of March ;
and Mr. Stanley, with the full approbation of the
Repeal champion (Mr. O'Connell) has announced his
total want of preparation to bring in any Bill whatever
bearing the name or character or a poor law for the
relief of that tremendous grievance, for the purgation of
that crying 1.-eislative sin—the destitution of the people
of Ireland. But one short month ago, we should not
have believed a prophet, bad he risen to assure us of a
fact so melancholy. Since the above remarks were writ-
ten we have received the report; of last night's discussion,
but the hour wan too late to admit of our making any
obsersations : we will not undertake at a late hour to
discuss, or even describe, what passed, but we will, in
the spirit of the strictest candour and justice, examine
to-morrow the on idorned statement of Lord Althorp, and
the eloquent and ingenious speech of Mr. Stanley, for the
reasons of that policy which, up to this moment, is to us
at least indefensible ; and we will especially endeavour to
guard against permitting our unquenchable disgust for
Irish agitators, to conquer our sense of constitutional law
and justice.—Times.

The first discussion, in the Commons, of the Bill for the
Suppression of Disturbances in Ireland, has been ad-
journed to Ibis day. All was smooth in the House of
Lords; but every step in the Commons will be stoutly
contested. On the other hand, we may expect that the
remedial measures (however inadequate), which will meet
with slight opposition in the Commons, will be contested
as stoutly in the Lords as the measure of severity in the
Commons. What are the inferences which the people will
draw from this? That Ireland is in a disturbed state we
all know ; but we do not know that it was ever .therwise
than in a disturbed state. The law is disregarded ; but
will any man lay his hand to his heart, and say that the
law can or ought to be regarded ? Even Lord Althorp,
last night, was exceedingly anxious to vindicate the Go-
vernment from the imputation that the measure of seve-
rity had for object to enforce one point of the law,
namely, the law giving to the Protestant clergyman a
claim of tithes. There must always be, to a certain ex-
tent, intimidation and violence in Ireland, and in all coun-
tries similarly circumstanced. Several of the cases detailed
by Lord Althorp spring inevitably from a state of society in
which, from the competition for land, the occupying tenant
has no other check against the exactions of his landlord than
the terror with which examples of murder and arson fill
those who might otherwise be disposed to take his farm
over his head. The very connection with England creates
this state of things ; for the resources of England are at
the command of the Irish landholder, who could not exist
for a moment without them ; and the Government of Eng-
land, from a cowardly direliction of its duty, provides none
of the checks which are necessaay to counteract the evils
which the reliance on its power generates. In plain Eng-
lish, the people of England are taxed to keep up a large
va re
rmny in
men t
o of
Ireland t
England,
o collect etcht
urents r
eaantdl y tilmt hpers and the Go
o v; e
dby-
Parlia-
mentary Reform, is still, to all intents and purposes, a
Squirearchal Government. When violation of law is
spoken of, interference with the right of landlord. to pillage
their peasants without mercy is all that is meant. We
believe the present Ministers to have as good intentions
towards Ireland as men who constantly breathe an aristocra-
tical atmosphere can pos,ibly have. But the declaration of
Mr. Stanley on Tuesday night that Ministers are notyet pre-
pared with any measure for the introduction of poor rates
into Ireland, clearly shows the thraldom under which
education
labour.utcsatainodnt in
nh
tithes,
the exceptioninistinceoteuenntryoutaro of ho
are
twenty
rtoyttlgphsee who live
good
on
lrysosnatsisfi,,efd
that
without poor rates for the destitute Irish, there can be no
tranquillity in Ireland...that excessive rents will constantly

_ the midnight Inutclerer and
the Squirearchy anticipa'e in poor
the first instance front their rents;
,re all in all in the eyes of the Geveri
the Government prepared to grapple in
the diseases in the state of Ireland, we should have the less
reluctance to agree to rnea7,ares of severity. But we t-e
little more than tampering with the evils ; and if the
severity does not reach the causes of the evils, of
what avail is it? The moment the repressing force
is removed, oppression will again produce its fruits.
Lard Sandon, in order to give the House some
clue to the wretchedness; of Ireland, said he should
mention a fact which was proved before a C immittee of
which he was a member :—" A gentleman who was exa-
mined told them, that on his comma of aye he had found
his estate overhurdened with population, and determined
to clear it. This was a simple phrase, hat what did the
gentleman mean by it? Why, he turned forth 1,100
people without a home into the highways, to starve and
shift for theineelves.—(Hear, hear.) He stated that be
gave them nothing ; and when asked whet had he idle of
them, be said that some had gone into the town, otheh!
had gone on to neighbouring esta.es, and others again had
become thieves and vaeebeea,(ii,,ar, hear ) No
landlord in England could act in this way." It is to
prevent these wholesale murders under the lair, th at the
murders in violation of the law are committed. Lord
Althorp details this bloody murder cernmitted in one
berony, and that bloody murder comitted in another;
but who that has a particle of iteaein tion. but can
picture to himself the thou, inds of wretches who are
the victims of the system which his L.r up-
holds, a prey to all the aeonies of ti 1 death
relieves them from their misery ? I the wretch
driven from his cottage, with a fitnislieed wife and
children, less to be pitied than the victi tes of outrage?
W.• justify not outrage ; but we see, lithe fete no at-
tempt to destroy the causes of outrage. We tairelt that
Ireland is in a dreadful state ; but we do nit hese
of the measures of Ministers are to extricate fit:en fit it
state. The Members of the lieferineii P rliarttenE, ,i'efere
•hey consent to the measures of eeve•iry demander! '".l`
Ministers, ought to aenume a bold attitude—to nay, we
the representatives of the people of England are determined
to see that Irel.nd shall not he turn-tented with empirical
experiments; we care net for Hierarchies nor far Squire-
archies, we insist on those who are at the helm of affairs
at once boldly asserting th • claims of the body of the
people to that security against destitution withour which
there can neither be pence nor order in any community;
we will support you as long as you are willing to prove
yourselves the fearless aseerters of the rights of the people,
and no set of men who will not make gond their title to
this character will we support. ; if collision between the
people and the enemies of the people must come it is not
our fault; we stand on the breed foundation of the sitte4e7
fare of the people,—/Iforning Chronicle.
The first debate on the Irish suppression of disturbance
Bill took place last night in the House of Conettuiee,
greatly felled in the attraction. with which previous sttltie
cipation had veiled it. Lord Althorp moved the tirah
reading of the Bill, and Mr. Tennyson the amendment that
it tie read that day fortnight. The former, in a speech of
considerable length, detailed the grounds on which his
Majesty's Ministers had determined to bring forward the
measure, and substantiated a case, with the necessity of
which faction and party spirit only could quarrel. We
regret to be under the necessity of making an observation
of this kind, and more especially because it involve* in
some degree of censure the Hon. Member for Lambeth,
for whose principles we entertain so much respect ;
hut we must, nevertheless, say, even in contradiction
to him, that the demand for inquiry, or in other
words, the demand for delay, is but little better than a
il-mand for time to a lawless banditti to commit a few
mere murders—a few more invasions on life and property.
In what would inquiry terminate but a mote tonal-sloe
proof that such would be the result of delay ; acid What,
iniquity then to insist upon it? The disorganizatime et
Irish society is as complete as it is universally kuotrr
the power of the law is suspended—witnesses ar,,areite:
dated—jurors dare not do their t' ezept at ski' false)
vent risk of their live, a" '"` "' . y
„i,„ ..c saving them—others abscond fur the same
---hundreds withdraw ihernselves voluntarily front
-*nose districts in which their property is siimated, in or-
der to Szel safety in others, where they may be bee from
danger—murders—not ordinary, but premeditated politi-
cal murders—are committed in the tweed face of day—
crimes of all kinds have increased in a r.tio to which no pa-
rallel can be found in any other country ; and known as
these things are, officially and certainly, what necessity is
there for inquiry what use would there be in it.--n bat
end would be gained by it, but that of encouraging the
guilty, and of depriving the oppressed of all hope of ree
dress ? Mr. Stanley, in the early part of the evening,
expressed the determination of his Majesty's Government
upon the subject in warm and vigorous language, and to
his speech we refer our readers for information upon the
subject, as well as for the manner in which the announce-
ment was received. Such cheers, if our information be
correct, were never heard within the walls of Parliament,
as when the Honourable Secretary for Ireland declared
that his Majesty's Ministers staked their character upon
the measure, and that he accepted the challenge tendered
by the chief agitator. The debate was adjourned.-...
Morning Advertiser.

An unusual scene took place last evening in
the House of Commons, occasioned by Mr. O'CowNELL's
enforcing the Call of the House, of which be had eiven
notice. A division was called for olio.] the point, and
both parties were of course expected to try their strength.
The non-contents were directed to go into the lobby ;
but unwilling, as we are informed, to run any risk of
losing thi-ir places on such an intere,ting occasion, they
tacitly declined to conform. The "Ayes" of course were
the winning body. and the " Call" was at once proceeded
in.—Morning Chronicle.

There has not been such a pressure in the
lobbies of the House of Commons, as that witnessed last
night since the discussions on the Corn Bill. The throng
on the occasion of the Catholic Rel'l4 wag neither so
dense, nor so unaccommodating as in the present uloanee.
When the order was given to clear the lobbies (a divisicn
being expected, and the Call of tile House afterward), not
an individual could be persuaded to stir, and the entreaties
of several Hon.urable Members were made in vain. A
determined effort was at length made by Mr. LEE, the
High Bailiff, in which he was strenuously assisted by Sir
ROBERT PEEL, and other Mem"ers, who were unable
even to get to the door of the House, and after persevering
exertions, something like a passage waa ofitained. Still,
until the hour of breaking up, the lobbies of the H use
were much crowded, and it was with considerable difficulty
that the thoronghfare could be kept clear, and order
maintained.—Morning Chronicle.

NEW PUBLICATIONS.--We are requested
to state that the fullowina Works are n .w ready fur deli-
very, at the principal Booksellers in Town and Country :
The 10th and concluding Part of Sir Jonah Barrington's
Memoirs of the Irish Union-2 The sth and concluding
Number of " The Beauties of the Court of King Charles II."
containing five portraits-3. The Second Monthly Set of
" Commit/es Modern Novelists," comprising Mr. 8t3.-
WER'S celebrated Novel of " Pelham"—and 4. An Au-
thentic Account of the Siege of Antwerp, with P..rtraits,
Plans, &c.. to be obtained only in the " United Service
Journal," for March—price 3s. 6d.

BOURBON HONOUR AND FRATERNAL
AFFECTION. —ln the recent srle of autographs, at ETA Ns's,
was a letter of Lours XVIII., written in his own hand,
to the Duke of FITZJAMES, in the year 1789. He reminds
him that six weeks had elapsed since be placed in his hands
unquestionable proofs that the children of Louts XVI.
were not his own (les sienc), and proofs of the culpable
e.induct of the Queen (MARIE ANTorNErrE). He urges
him to bring forward a moion on the subject in the As-
sembly of Notables, that he himself will be absent ; but
that his brother, the Count D'Awrots (now Caalmis
a
X.), will attend. He adds, that the proceedings will not
be agreeable to the Krrta, who is the tool of his wife
(Jourr DE SA FEMME), and significantly asks...." Merite-
t-il de regner." This most extraordinary letter was
pchase
adp,bricatin
Tnuaui fromrr is
adndtinish
WURTZ,gue whohra havecters, b
anxiousad nu-
merousd
characters,
to obtain it

WALTZING.—Some years ago, the waltz
was entirely proscribed from society ; people only danced
quadrilles and Scotch reels. The waltz was considered,
at the time of its introduction, as a dance of unheard-of
indecency. The pulpit held forth against the abomination
of permitting a man, who was neither your lover nor your
husband, to encircle you with hi. arms, and slightly press
the contour of your waist. Whit then was the effect
when a corps de billet from Paris arrived at New York ?
I was at the first representation—the appearance of the
dancers, in short dresses, created an astonishment I know
not how to describe; but at the first pirouette, when the
short petticoats, with lead at the extremities, began to
mount and assume an horizontal position, it was quite
another matter ; the women screamed aloud, and the
greater part left the theatre ;
thmanremained,testacy, f,r the
must part, roaring And sobbing with
that of the ridiculous. Th,,y
had yet to lea
rn the grace of those voluptuous steps.
lifuraes .tlrortit APierioa•
.
idea which struck them being