The Sun.
London, England, 1851-09-02 00:00:00

TIIE SUN,

DAILY WEATHER TABLE.

State of the Wind and Weather at each of the following
places at Nine o'clock yesterday morning.—The stations
are arranged in order of latitude.
PLYmum—Wind S.W., calm—partially cloudy.
CHELTENHAM —Wind W.— fine.
WORCESTER—Wind S.W.—cloudy.
PORTSMOUTH—Wind S. W.—cloudy.
GOSPORT—Wind S.W.—cloudy.
BRIGHTON—Wind N., calm—overcast.
HASTINGS—Wind W., gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
SOUTHAMPTON—Wind W., calm—partially cloudy.
FoLKESTONE—Wind N. W_, gentle breeze—overcast.
rUNBRIDGE—Wind S_W., calm—partially cloudy.
BasnissroxE—Wind calm—lartially cloudy.
GREENWlCH—Calm—overcast.
SWINDON—Wind NV., gentle breeze—overcast.
OXFORD—Wind S.—fine.
GLOUCESTER—Wind S. by W.—very fine.
CHELMSFORD—Wind S.W.—fine.
COLCHESTER—Wind W., gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
CAMBRIDGE—Wind S.W., gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
BIRMINGHAM—Wind S.W.—fine.
STAFFORD—Wind S. W.—fine.
lARMOUTH—Wind W. gentle breeze—cloudless.
NORWICH—Wind
IPSWICH—Wind W.—cloudy.
DERBY—Wind W.—fine.
Norruvolum—Wind S.W.—fine.
LINCOLN—Wind S.—fine.
HoLyHEAD--Wind W.S.W., gentle breeze—cloudy.
CHESTER—Wind S.W.— cloudy.
SHEFFIELD—Wind N.W.—fine.
LavEHrooL—Wind S.S.W.— cloudy.
MANCHESTER—Wind W.—cloudy.
HULL—Wind S.W.—fine.
LEEDS—Wind W.—fine.
YORK—Wind W.—fine.
SCARBOROUGH Wind S.W.—fine.
DARLINGTON-Wind S.—cloudy.
S HAP— Wind S., gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
NEWCASTLE—Wind W.—fine.
ElKArrocK—Wind N.W., gentle breeze—overcast.
BERWICK—Wind W.—fine.
GLASGOW—Wind W.—fine.
EDINBURGH—Wind W.— fine.

The returns from the following places indicate the state of
the wind and weather on Saturday morning at Dine
o'clock :--
E'OOLE—Wind N.W., strong breeze—partially cloudy.
ftuonv— Wind W., gentle breeze—overcast.
PETERBOROUGH—Wind N.W., hard wind—partially cloudy.
CHEw-E—Wind N., gentle breeze—fine.
LANCASTER—Wind S., gentle breeze—principally clear.
WHITBY—Wind .N.E., strong breeze—overcast.
SHAP—Wind N., gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
BEArrocK—Wind N., strong breeze—partially cloudy.

TO CORRESPONDENTS.
No communication can be attended to unless authen.
ticated by the name and address of the writer.
Rejected communications cannot be returned.

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Some time since, when it was ascertained that the
accounts of the immense quantities of gold collected
in California were by no means apochrypbal, and
even scarcely exaggerated, we commented upon the
probable results of the recent discovery, and the
effects of the immense importation of bullion that
would naturally follow upon our system of currency.
The case was not without a suitable precedent. We
had before us the experiences of the 15th and 16th
centuries, when the produce of the Peruvian and
Mexican mines brought a monetary revolution, not
only in England, but throughout the entire
of Europe and the civilized portion of the globe.
All were more or less affected by the change, but few
were aware of the causes by which that extraordinary
alteration was occasioned. The statute-book was en-
cumbered with a variety of useless, aye, far worse
than useless, laws against regrating, forestalling, &c.
&c., to which "the many" erroneously attributed the
steady advance in prices which had more than quad-
rupled the nominal cost of all the necessaries of life
within less than half a century. It is unnecessary to
say that these various laws proved utterly fruitless.
A similar result has followed, and must attend,
sooner or later, every protective enactment that ever
has been, or may be, framed, and which can never
prove more efficacious than the command of CANUTE
to the ocean to keep back, or the more modern at-
tempt of Mrs. PARTINOTON to sweep back the sea
with a broom. .Natural, can never be controlled by
artificial laws, and it is unnecessary to say that all
efforts for that purpose must invariably fall short of
producing their intended effects.
It, however, took a considerable period, nearly fifty
years, before the new system came into operation, and
the revolution was fully accomplished. The first few
years were consumed in repairing the deficiency that
had previously existed. History tells us that there
was such a deficiency, and the reason was obvious.
The increase of the precious metals had not kept pace
with the increase of population. The circulating
medium was, therefore, becoming day by day more
inadequate to the wants and exigencies of the
country, and there would have been a mo-
netary convulsion but for the opportune
discovery of the rich treasures of Potosi. That,
however, prevented a crisis, and led to a totally dif-
ferent state of facts. The steady influx of bullion led
to an equally steady augmentation of prices. If we
could ever fancy that the worthy bucolics could be
satisfied, they might well have been contented during
that period when the quarter of corn, which was sold
in the latter end of the fifteenth century at 9s. 7d.,
commanded 2/. 7s. 9cl. in the beginning of the second
portion of the sixteenth century. Rents became trifles
not worth thinking of. The landed proprietor was
a petty prince—the occupier of the soil
was almost as well off as the owner in fee, while the
mere labourer was sure of obtaining " a fair day's
wages for a fair day's work."
This happy state of affairs was after the change was
accomplished ; for during a state of transition from
lower to higher prices " the many" always suffer
before their earnings are made to correspond with
the additional charges for the necessaries of life, and
those humble luxuries that should at all times be
within the reach of the working classes, if we
look for a happy and contented population.
At first, not only were the laws against
regrating, forestalling, &c., to which we have above
alluded, carried into effect, but it was considered ad-
visable to make a legislative provision for the desti-
tute inhabitants, and to render the first charge upon
the property of the country the support and mainte-
nance of its pauper population. Matters, however,
speedily adjusted themselves, and the "golden days of
Queen BESS" have passed into a proverb to represent an
almost unparalleled state of prosperity and happiness.
Now that California has not only confirmed but
exceeded the most sanguine expectations that
had been formed as to the results of the " diggings''
—that Australia is also found to possess an auriferous
soil—we may look forward to a similar improvement
in prices, as it is termed, which, however, will be
nothing but a depreciation of the gold currency,
arising from the greater quantity in general use, and
not the appreciation of the other commodities that
may be offered in exchange. The same phe-
nomena will be perceptible—the like causes will
produce the like results. There may be
some difficulties to be encountered during
the progress of the change, but the industrious classes
will be enabled to overcome all impediments. The
chief, the only sufferers, will be the drones in the na-
tional hive—those who have hitherto ahowed no
pity for their victims, who have been the most
strenuous advocates of bullionist theories. They
may then become the most clamorous advocates for
an extensive measure of monetary reform ; they
will desire to carry out the spirit of the contract be-
tween the nation and its creditors, and the purchas-
ing power of the pound sterling will be re-
garded rather than the quantity of gold
contained in the sovereign. But how can they hope
that those who have been so deeply victimised, whose
miseries have elicited so little sympathy, will con-
sent to a change when the balance inclines to their
side, as it must speedily do ? There may
yet be time to effect an amicable com-
promise, to give a portion of the benefits that
must arise ere many years have passed away. Let
them seize the golden opportunity ere gold itself be-
come comparatively worthless. An extensive, and at
the same time safe and judicious measure of currency
reform would bring those anticipated advantages into
immediate operation. The agriculturist, as well as
the manufacturer, could then live without being in a
constant state of embarrassment ; there would indeed
be " protection for British industry," but it would
be for every description of industry, and embrace
every inhabitant of the United Kingdom under its
fostering shelter. To realise these benefits without
delay we would give the national creditors the fair value
of that for which they had contracted—the value of
money at the time they made advances to the public
Exchequer. This might easily be effected, and
they may be well assured that "the worthless rags"
that have been so contemptuously sneered at by those
who wanted to enforce their respective pounds of
flesh will become more valuable, and command a
heavy premium, when no other money or currency
will be accepted in payment of the taxation to
which every man must contribute according to his
position and means. "A national taxation money"
is what the country requires, and it would be for the
advantage of all that it should be conceded on judicious
principles with the least possible delay.

MARRIAGE IN HIGII LIFE.—The King of Mos.
quitia still retains his seat on the throne of the Woolwas,
Saniboes, and Mosquitians. His sister, the Prin-
cess Agnes Frederick Augusta, was married on the 6th of
July, at l3lewfields, to Michael Hodgson, a Mosquitian
negro. The Prince Consort is now in this town makinr,
fence for a friend of mine. Michael was not aware that the'
pension allowed by the British Government to the Princess
ceased on her marriage until the marriage hour had arrived,
and when he learned it lie refused to be married; and it was
by force almost he was led to the presence of the Moravian
clergyman who officiated. —New Fork Herald.