The Sun.
London, England, 1851-09-06 00:00:00

" Hine ilise lachrymal)."

Hence the objurgations of those who found that
they should be contented with retaining their own
without invading the provinces of others, or seeking
to withdraw the pupils from the spiritual banners
under which they had enliited. This it was that
made an enemy of CuLLEN, that rendered M'HALE

rampant, and drove Ihooiss almost out of his

sense 3. They fancied that the time had
arrived for banishing heresy from Ireland,
qnd restoring England to the Papal fold.
They were not contented with equality—they sought
superiority. They followed the example of
'flatly of the Protestant clergymen in Ireland, who,
when the national system of education was introduced
under the auspices of the then Lord STANLEY, op-
posed it with all their powers, and uttered the loud-
est complaints, because they were not permitted to
instil their own tenets into the ears of the pupils,
and to exclude the religious interference of
Pastors of another denomination, so far
as members of their own creeds were con-
cerned. This insane conduct, so injurious to the
cause of Protestantism in Ireland—the ministers of
that creed in too many instances standing proudly
aloof, and declining any interference because they
were not permitted to inculcate their own doctrines,
and thus surrendering the care and superintendence
of the rising generation into the hands of their op-
ponents—is now being imitated by a large propor-
tion of the Roman Catholic clergy, not in accord-
ance with their own individual views, but in obedi-

ence to the instructions from the Vatican.
They were wiser in their generation, eighteen years
since, than they have now shown themselves, and
they reaped the fruits of their moderation. Now
they are pursuing a different line of policy, and the
result may possibly not quite answer their expecta-
tions. They now desire to enforce a slavish and
unreasoning submission from lay professors of
their creed—to strike a desperate blow
for despotic power. Let them, however, be-
ware; they have already, by their unwarranted
assumptions in this country, succeeded in alienating
the Duke of NORFOLK and other high-minded and
educated Roman Catholics. An equally impo-
litic course in Ireland— the following out
of the path on which they have entered
under the guidance of CULLEN and Wllar.l3

may produce consequences far beyond their calcula-
tions. Let them recollect that in attacking the
Queen's Colleges, they are not dealing with the
ignorant, uneducated, and superstitious masses, but
with educated persons, competent to arrive at sound
conclusions, and with sufficient energy to carry out
their own opinions, notwithstanding any sacerdotal
opposition, no matter how decisive or energetic.

The state of affairs in the island of Cuba becomes
every day more seriou3; each arrival from America
brings intelligence calculated to render the relations
between Spain and the United States more compli-
cated and more dangerous, and nothing but the exer-
cise on the part of the Government of Spain, and on
that not only of the Executive but of the people also
of the United States, of a degree of prudence, cir-
cumspection, and calmness, which, judging from
their antecedents, we cannot hope or expect from
either of the parties, can much longer ward off a war
into whi eh, should it once commence, every maritime
nation must of necessity sooner or later be dragged;
and for all these consequences the members of the
Executive of the United States are alone to blame.
Had they placed LopEz under arrest when he first
commenced recruiting for his piratical expedition;
had they seized the Pamper() as she entered the
watery of the Gulf, and they might have done so,
or in,terc.epted her on her passage, none of these corn-
plicati'cns would have arisen. They would have
saved the lives of at least fifty of their fellow-citizens
who h ave been publicly executed at the Havannah as
pirates ; they would have escaped the dangers with
which they themselves are threatened fur mass meet-
ings in .New York, and a state of almost insurrection
in New Orleans ; and they would have saved the
world frc im the risk of a general war, a war in which
no one save the negro slaves, who would probably set
thernselve s free, can by possibility gain anything,
whilst tin ) losses of all engaged in it, be they victors
or vanquished, must be incalculable. It appears from
the intellig 'elle() brought by the Humboldt, which left New Yorkon the 23d ult., and landed her letters at I

( Cswes on Thursday, that LOPEZ landed at Cubanos
with 450 men, and was immediately attacked by the
Spaniards, under General ENNA. A series of en-
gagements followed, in which, according to the ac-
counts of the American " sympathisers," LOPEZ and
his troops were uniformly victorious, albeit these
accounts tell us nothing of the whereabouts of the
victorious LOPEZ, whilst, according to the official
accounts of the Captain-General of Cuba, LOPEZ was
defeated, and compelled, with the greater number of
his followers, to take refuge in the mountains, where
they were hemmed in by the troops, the natives, and
the negroes, and would be compelled ultimately to
surrender, whilst another portion of his followers had
made for the shore, and seizing four boats which they
found there, had endeavoured to escape to New
Orleans. The Spanish account is corroborated by
the fact that these same four boats were pursued by
a Spanish war steamer and captured, and that their
crews, consisting of forty Americans (among whom
was Colonel CRITTENDEN, the son of the Attorney-
General of the United States), four Irishmen, one
Scotchman, one Italian, one Phillipine Islander, two
Habaneros, and two Germans, where publicly shot as
pirates at the Ilavannah, on the 16th, in the presence
of 20,000 people. That the Spaniards were perfectly
justified in thus executing summary justice on a gang
of marauders taken with arms in their hands, no
one who is at all acquainted with the law of nations
will attempt to deny. These persons had been
warned by their own Government that the protection
due to American citizens would not be awarded to
them if they engaged in any piratical expedition
of the character of that in which they chose
to embark, and the Cuban Government pro-
claimed that all persons taken in arms against
the Spanish Government would be immediately
shot ; indeed, the United States consul at the
Havannah admitted the full right of the Spanish
Government to execute these prisoners by cautiously
abstaining from interfering in their favour, although
requested so to do. As the editor of the New Furls
Courier and Enquirer justly observes—
" The simple execution of these prisoners, however
much it may excite pity, does not justify crimination.
The act was no infringement of any international law
or right. Nearly all or the victims were Americans by
birth and citizenship; but they were informed mouths
ago, in the clearest language, by an official proclamation
of the President, that an enlistment in an enterprise
like that they have undertaken would deprive them of
all claims to American protection; and also were warned
by a public manifesto of the Captain• General of Cuba,
that if another piratical expedition was attempted
against Cuban territory, those taken in it should suffer
a pirate's doom. With such a premonition, it was, in
fact, an act of mercy that those whose loss we mourn
were shot instead of hanged. To shoot regular pri-
soners of war in cold blood is deemed in modern times
a violation of the rights of war;' but these individuals
were entitled to no belligerent rights whatever. At the
very best they could be put only on the footing of re-
bellious subjects, and that footing would at once sink
them into a bloody grave. We saw at the Park last
evening a flag with the inscription, The blood of fifty
murdered Americans cries for vengeance.' Doubtless
the nerves of many a gocd fellow, as he looked upo❑ it,
tingled with indignation. But it was but a base revolu-
tionary ruse, worthy only of the profoundest contempt."
We agree with the Courier in considering the dis-
play of this flag as a ruse worthy only of the pro-
foundest contempt, but it happens unfortunately that
it is a ruse that has invariably succeeded in raising
the hot blood of the masses to fever heat wherever it
has been employed, and therefore we cannot but re-
gret that the execution of these men took place
so immediately after their capture, and that no dis-
tinction was made between any of them ac-
cording to their different degrees of guilt, but that
all were involved in the one common punishment of
death, and that inflicted after such a fashion as to
give to that which ought to have been an act of stern
justice the appearance of a massacre. It is, how-
ever, a fait accompli, and we must now consider the
probable consequences which may arise. A col-
lision between Spain and the United States seems
inevitable; Spain can put no trust in the assur-
ances of the Executive of the United States when

she finds that in command of the buccaneers,

among those executed at the savannah, was Colonel
W. CRITTENDEN, the son of the Attorney-General of
the United States—the son of the man whose duty it
was to prosecute all engaged in attempting to fit out
this expedition. But even supposing the Executive

of the United States desirous of preventing these
marauding attacks upon Cuba, it is exceedingly
doubtful whether, i❑ the present excited state of
public feeling, it could now prevent them ; it might
have prevented the departure of LOPEZ and his com-

rades, but now that the hot blood is up we fear tha
the difficultizs in the way of suppressing these ma•

rauding expeditions are almost insuperable. From
the feeling exhibited by the Spaniards, the Creoles,

and the negroes who were present at the late execu-
tion at the Ilavannah, it appears to us evident that
there is no chance of any of these marauders getting

possession of Cuba, unless they are backed by the
whole force of the United States, and that ultimately
they will be so backed is, we fear, probable. Then will
follow a fearful retribution; the last act of Spain in
Cuba will be to free and arm the negroes, and
the United States will find themselves in-
volved in a servile war, in which the
negroes must ultimately be successful, and which
will not be confined to Cuba, but will spread to
Florida and all the Southern States, whilst Spain,
whose commerce is so trifling as to be almost value-
less, will issue letters of marque, and the Atlantic
and the Pacific will swarm with privateers sailing
under the Spanish flag, who will inflict incalculable
damage on American commerce, and render the corn-
munication by sea between New York and California
all but impossible. From the Mexican ports on

the Gulf and on the Pacific there will issue
forth, swift and well armed, privateers who
will pick up the gold ships of California,
even as of old the galleons of Spain were
picked up by the buccaneers; and thus, whilst Spain
will lose Cuba, the Americans will not gain it, and will

~,
find their commerce seriously crippled, if not altoge-
ther ruined. A judicious exercise of prudence and
self-command by both parties may yet obviate those
disastrous consequences which, without the exercise of
such prudence, appear to us inevitable; and we sin-

cerely and ardently hope that such prudence may be
displayed, and that the peace of the world may con-
tinue undisturbed. In the meantime we again urge
upon our Foreign Secretary the necessity of being
prepared for all events.

This morning an accident, which threatened fatal
consequences, occurred to a man named Walker, and a youth
named Hodges, in the employ of Mr. Tout, fellmonger,
Long-lane, Bermondsey. It appears that Walker and
Hodges were larking, when Hodges threw a noose, formed
at the end of a piece of rope, round the neck of Walker, at the
same moment that the other end of the rope was caught in
an upright shaft at work, near which they were standing, by
which Hodges's right hand was drawn in and the fingers
severely crushed, and the rope so tightened round the neck
of Walker as to produce insensibility. They were both con-
veyed immediately to Guy's Hospital, where Walker is
doing well, but it is feared that the youth Hodges, will lose
the fingers of his right hand.

DREADFUL ACCIDENT IN FLEET-STREET.—This
afternoon, at about a quarter past one o'clock, a boy was rid-
ing i n Fleet-street on a truck, and when near Farringdon-
street one of the wheels came off, and he was thrown into
the middle of the road, when a cab which was pas,ing ran
over him. He was taken up apparently dead, and conveyed
to St. Bartholomew's Hospital.

BOTANICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.—The ordinary
meeting was held last evening at the society's rooms, 20,
Bedford-street, Strand; Mr. J. D. Salmon in the chair.
Numerous donations were announced, and seven new mem-
bers elected. Mr. G. Edgar Dennes, the secretary, exhibited
specimens of Latersia oryzoides, collected by him at Brock-
ham-bridge, Surrey, on the 30th August last. Mr. Dennes
stated that Mr. Brewer, the society's local secretary at Rei-
gate, had dried numerous specimens of this rare grass for
distribution to the members in January next. The continu-
ation of Mr. D. Stock's paper, "On the Botany of Bungay,
Suffolk," was read.

A FEMALE FOUND IN THE THAMES.—Yesterday
afternoon, as the F Citizen boat was proceeding upwards,
and near Waterloo-bridge, the captain discovered the body
of a female floating on the surface of the water. He hailed
the Thames police, and four officers put off from their ship in
a boat, and conveyed the deceased to the vault of St. Mary-
le-Strand, for an inquest. The deceased appeared about
thirty years of age, respectably dressed, and had apparently
been in the water about five or six days.
APOTHECARIES'-HALL.—The following are the
names of the gentlemen who passed their examination in the
science and practice of medicine, and received certificates to
practise, on Thursday, Sept. 4, 1851 :—John Rolston. Devon-
port ; Thomas Henderson Somerville, Sedbergh, Yorkshire;
Charles Denton Hulme, Leicester; John Le Gay Brereton,
Doncaster.

AMEEICAN WlT.—About the drollest man alive is
a chap now in Chicago, well known in northern Vermont by
the name of " Tim Wait." Say what you might to Tim, he
was always ready with a repartee, and a good one. On one
occasion he came into a hotel in Burlington, looking rather
jaded and down in the mouth. " What's the matter, Tim ?"
said one of the company, " you look rather the worse for
for three nghts—
wear."—"Why, you see,"said Tim," I haven't slept a wink
last night, to-night, and to-morrow night I"
i
Having set the bar-room in a roar, Tim left to make up fbr
hia loss by a triple alma% —l3ostem Post.

FilE FRE.NCti REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris journals of yesterday.
The Committee of Permanance of the Assembly
held their usual fortnightly meeting on Thursday.
The following report of the proceedings appears
in some of the journals :
" The Permanent Committee assembled yestesday
under the presidency of M. Lacrosse, one of the Vice-
Presidents of the NationallAssembly. Twenty-two mem-
bers were present, of whom eighteen belonged to the
committee and four to the bureau of the Assembly.
They were—MM. Lacrosse, president ; Benoist d'Azy,
vice-president of the Assembly; Yvan, secretary; Le
Flo, questor; De Melun, General Changarnier, Vitet,
De Montebello, De la Tourette, General de Bar, Adm.
Cecille, Poujoulat, Dufougerais, Didier, Gen. Grouchy,
Passy, Bernardi, Bucher, General Rullieres, De Kerma-
rec, De Montigny, and Hubert de Lisle.
" M. Lacrosse opened the sitting by communicating to
the committee the measures which She Government had
thought it its duty to take with regard to several com-
mittees of revolutionary propagandism, connected with
the central one in London. Tho Government has been
long aware that branches of the London committee were
established in Penis, and that their object was to propa-
gate revolutionary doctrines, not only in France, but
abroad, particularly in Germany, and after having ac-
quired a positive proof that these estaWishments were
in full activity, it ordered a descent of the police, which
led to the arrest of a certain number of persons, several
of whom were Germans, and the seizure of important
papers. One of the chiefs was also arrested at Stras-
bourg at the moment when he was proceeding into Ger-
many, having with him proclamations and very important
documents. The President, moreover, announced that
tranquillity WAS secured, that the Government was on
the watch, and was perfectly prepared to put down any
attempt at disturbance. As to the departments, nothing
new had taken place to give rise to any uneasiness. At-
tempts had been made in the deparments of the Drome
to seduce some sub-officers and soldiers from their duty,
but they were attended with little success. The revo-
lutionary agents had, however, succeeded in comprerois •
iog some soldiers, three of whom had withdrawn them-
selves from oil punishment which awaited them, one by
committing suicide, and two others by deserting. The
President then, alluding to the state of manufactures,
said he was happy to announce to the committee that
two of the principal branches—jewebery and cabinet-
making—which had feared to be without employment in
the winter, will be able to furnish work to their nume-
rous hands by means of the extensive orders which they
have received in consequence of the Exhibition of Lon-
don. Building also was, he said, going on very pros-
perously in Paris, where the demolitions occasioned by
the prolongation of the Rae de Rivoli occupy a number
of workmen, and necessitate constructions on other
points of Paris. The harvest has been an average one,
the most satisfactory state both for the producer and the
purchaser, and consequently for the consumer. After
this statement of the President several members spoke
on the subject of the revolutionary propaganda carried
on by the French refugees in London.
" A Member of the Committee observed, that for a
long time past the British Government had tolerated the
political refugees at London in conspiring against all
Governments, and that it would, perhaps, be proper for
the Committee, through its President, to advise the
French Government to come to some understaading
wish the English Government on the subject. He asked
the President whether the Government had taken any
steps in the affair ?
" M. Lacrosse replied, that he participated in the un-
easiness felt by several Members, and doubtless by the
Government itself, at the tolerance shown by the Bri-
tish Government ; that be regarded that tolerance as
bad and disastrous, but that he was not in a position to
reply to the question addressed to him.
" Another Member observed that the English laws
permitted refugees to say and write whatever they
thought proper, and that so long as they refrained from
any act or demonstration the English Government would
not interfere. He did not, moreover, think that the per-
manent Committee could come to any resolution on that

point.
" A third Member, whom we believed to be Genera
Changarnier, remarked that the Committee was not a
deliberate body, and had no right to insert on its
minutes any mention of such a delicate subject. Its
only mission was to watch, and it ought not to depart
from its attributions. It had not to meddle in general
politics. Besides, he said, the Government had made
arrests, and that proved that it was on its guard. The
great majority of the Committee thought that the posi-
tion of the refugees i❑ London, conspiring against their
country and against all Governments elsewhere estab-
lished, was a thing much to be deplored; but that it
could not interfere in;the policy of the Government on so
delicate a subject. Another member suggested that the
arrests made in Paris were perhaps the result of warn-
ings from the English Government, and the French
Government wished to Ise prepared to prove that the
proceedings of the refugees were not confined to writings,
but extended to criminal acts."
The arrests on account of the pretended plot still
continue ; up to last night 232 have been arrested.
The Patrie, the organ of the Government, admits that
many of those arrested are ❑ot concerned in the plot,
but that they have been arrested for security's sake, that
is to say, to prevent them from taking measures to
start a Republican candidate for the Presidency in
opposition to the unconstitutional candidature of M.
LOUIS NAPOLEON BONAPARTE.
It is said to be in contemplation to arrest the prin-
cipal partisans of the Prince DE JOINVILLE, who are
already denounced as revolutionists by the C on-
stitationn el.
We read in the Debats—
"lt may be remembered that the members of the
Dcmocratical party in the Assembly formed a Commit-
tfe of Sarveillanc,, consistinz of MM. Victor Hugo,
Miot, Joly, and others. It appears that the Committee,
having received anonymous warning that the Government
intended to have its members arrested in the act of
violating the law concerning secret societies, determined
to sit in the Legislative Palace itself. Accordingly M.
V. Hugo and some others met two days beck in the
old Salle du Tame, now used as one of the bu-
reaux. The Vice-President of the Assembly informed
those Members that he could not tolerate the meeting of
a C(nveittee of Surveillance, formed illegally, by the
side of that regularly nominated by the Assembly.
General Leflo, one of the quzators, in consequence, gave
orders to interdict to every one during the recess, access
to the bureaux and committee-rooms, with the exception
of the library and the Salle des Coni-ences, where the
deputies remaining in Paris are in the habit of assem-
bling every day."
The same journal has the following on the subject
of the re-election of M. Lows NAPOLEON BONA-
PARTB

The Constitutionnel supposes that the party of order
will be divided between the Prince de Joinville an't
Prince Louis Napoleon. It thus supposes that the latter
will be a candidate. But such a supposition is gratui-
tous, and for the present has as little reality as thqt of
the Prince de Joinville. The revision question has yet
to be settled. Now, suppose revision should be rejected;
will the President allow himself to be presented as a
candidate? Would he accept an unconstitutional prolon-
gation of his powers/ Would ho accept it in defiance
of his own oath? Nothing proves that he would ;
nay, his acts tend to the opposite conclusion. He is no
longer the man of Strasbourg and Boulogne, and we say
so to his praise. In 1848 he consented to leave Paris at
the request of the Provisional Government. When
elected to the Constituent Assembly be at once resigned
in order to calm public emotion, and remained in Eng-
land; nor did he return until all was tranquil, two
months after the insurrection of June. He returned,
in fact, to accept the constitutional candidateship of the
Presidency of the Republic; and his acts have since ex-
hibeitsileteydefindelity to the law and his oath. On what ground,
then, does the Consittutionnel undertake to say that
Louis Napoleon will, in case of the revision being re-
jected, present, or allow himself to be presented, as a
candidate ? We will say no more."

The following are the chief items of tho weekly Bank
account:—

Specie in Paris F. 495.145 828
Ditto branches ~, 133,953.100
Paris portfolio 35,303.983
Ditto branches 64,877,024
Bank notes in circulation ... 409,039,100
Ditto branches ... 117,927,525
Credit to Treasury ... 125.334 000
Private credits, Paris ... .. 92.983 845
Ditto branches ... 32,925,656
Upwards of 5i millions of specie in Paris, and
300,000 francs' worth in the branches marked the
unbroken flow of the precious metals into the coffers
of the Bank. The portfolio has decreased 1,300,000 f.,
but the country portfolios have increased nearly a
couple of millions. The circulation of bank-notes
is contracted by 7 millions in the city and nearly 3
millions in the country. The credit to the Treasury
has increased nearly 4 millions. The accounts cur-
rent have increased nearly 5 millions in Paris, and
upwards of 2 millions in the departments.
The Bourse was very calm, and prices improved.
The Five per Cents. opened, at 94f. 10c., and cloyed at
941. 30c.; the Three per Cents. closed at 56f. 35c. ;
Orleans Railroad Shares, 8701 ; Rouen, 595 f.; Havre,
233 f. 750.; Great Northern, 461 f. 25c.; Avignon, 2051.;
Vierzon, 423 f. 75c.; Basle, 151 f. 25c.; Bordeaux, 3861.
25c.; Paris and Strasburg, 356 f. 25e.; Amiens to
Boulogne, 2581. 75c.

BUSINESS DON IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT TH},
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, SEPT. 5.
Central of France (Orleans And Vierzon), 17%—East
Indian, 21—Great Indian Peninsula, 534—Ditto, 4 Northern
of France, 14%—Orleans and Bordeaux, 4%—Paris and
Rouen. 23%—Paris and Strasbourg, 111.

SPAIN.
Madrid journals of the 31st ult. have arrived.
They contain no intelligence of importance.
The Bolsa was closed.