The Sun.
London, England, 1856-05-07 00:00:00

HIGH. WATEfI AT LONDON BRtD(E.

T JIB DAY—Morn. 2G min. aft. 3—Evening 46 min. sft. 3
T N-Moßsow—.Morn. 8 min. aft. 4—Evening 26 min. aft. 4

THE WEATHER—Simi OFFICE, Mir 7.
THERMOXETEB, IN TFIX Sa DE.
53—highest since noon yesterday.
43 —:owent this morning and during the night.
41 —this day at noon.

BAROMETER, 29'46.
WIND, Easterly.—Preah, with rainy weather.
SUN OFFICE, Six O'CLOCK.—It has rained heavily all
day, with heavy squalls and a strong gale from N.N.E.
since one o'clock, and very cold.

..., 7,' 4:F74!'
I
cti , C-r-7"...C4..Y.,-;-.: !,:-;'k.;
`. •') 1;, r.. 11;:: .-,4 '.'l'-• ~,..,.: rs' -7,1
_ . , t 1, " .-----,744,4:4,,!.,...,-,-,.4.,.fr-,,,,
..7'.:1.71"---31,i,',-'-.,.-4..1 6-

TV
~.

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, MAY 7, 1856.

The debate in the Commons has concluded.
The Address has been carried by acclamation.
None of the leaders of her MAJESTY'S Opposition
thought proper to give expression to their views.;
and, for all practical purposes, the great Conser-
vative party, as it was once termed, might as well
have been altogether extinguished. Mr. R.
PHTLLEMORE, although a Ministerialist, and Mr.
BENTINCE, were the only Members who repeated
the spirited and indignant protest of the Earl of
DERBY against "the unnecessary and uncalled-
for" surrender of our incontestablerights, by which
the maritime supremacy of England was, at least,
seriously impaired, if not altogether sacrificed.
But neither of the Honourable Gentlemen alluded
to the constitutional part of the question. They
did not complain of the impolitio act for being
" done in the dark," and without the knowledge
of Parliament. They tacitly assented to the ab-
rogation of the functions of two branches of the
Legislature ; and, if they complained of the mat-
ter of the compact, said nothing of the manner
in which our birthright was so recklessly and
wantonly flung away. Mr. PIIILLIMORE did not
even afford the discontented Members an op-
portunity of recording their votes on
th© question. He withdrew his amendment even
in the course of the speech in which he pointed
out its necessity ; and there was no person ready
to fling himself into the broach, or tali: 3 up the
position which he so speedily abandoned.
On all other matters it was a field-day for the
Aberdeenites—an ovation for Ministers. Mr.
SIDNEY HERBERT, Mr. CARDWELL, Mr. GLAD-
STONE felt the inspiration, and already seemed to
grasp the seals of office in anticipation, a matter
which will probably not long be delayed; if the
people remain silent, and still display the de-
plorable apathy and indifference hitherto mani-
fested. The Manchester School was also repre-
sented. Mr. MuNEr. GIBSON, as might have been

expected, made a peace-at-any-price speech, fir
better suited for the platform of the broad -
brimmed Society, with which he has thought pro-
per to connect himself, than to the British House
of Commons. He concurred with the Aber-
deenites in showing that we had rather ettorted
too much, than been contented with too little, and
endeavoured to show—and with some success—
that what the nation has been deluded into
supposing to be valuable concessions are
practically of little, if any, value. Lord
PA LMERSTOrt might well have exclaimed, "Save
me from my friends," for they established
his shortcomings more powerfully than his nomi-
nal opponents. They explained the absolute in-
utility of the loudly.vaunted concessions, and
proved, beyond the possibility of doubt, that our
sacrifices of men and money have been perfectly
gratuitous, that we have obtained no beneficial
results for the irreparable losses we have sus-
tained—for the lives of seventy•five thousand of
the best and bravest of our brethren, and the ex-
penditure of One hundred millions of pounds
sterling, wrung from the hard hands of our over-
burdened tax-payers.
The debate has, however, established beyond ,
the possibility of doubt or controversy the me-
lancholy fact that we have nothing to hope for
from the present House of °ominous, that End
land is not fairly repiesented in the quasi
Na-
tional Assembly. Every true-hearted Englishman
must now prepare himself for the " appeal to the
country," which cannot long be deferred. Whe-
ther the present Ministry be expelled from office
by a Parliamentary vote, or the Germanic influ-
ence should so far " screw its courage to the
sticking-place" as to venture on a coup d'etat, and
give the Aberdeenites the benefit of the Govern-
ment influence at the elections, the matter must
take place within the present year—we had almost
said within the present session. Never
Was there a crisis of greater magnitude
than that which it scarcely requires a pretext to
vaticination to declare must shortly arise. We
have seen the honour and interests of Great Bri-
tain deliberately betrayed at the Congress---a
New Unholy Alliance formed—C.iircassia, and,
with it, all the oppressed nationalities left to their

fate—the maritime superiority of England sur-
rendered Without a remonstrance, and a crusade
inaugurated against the liberty of the Pres, in

Belgium, •which will speedily be extended to
England, and also to the rights of hospitality,
which we have hitherto afforded to the political
exiles from every nation, and the principle of
" occupation" and the coercion of Peoples strug-
gling for a better form of government, and then
subjugation by brute force virtually recognised.

That we shall have a renewal of the contest at
no distant period seems more than probable ; and
the blow aimed at our naval power seems to show
that the intention has been rather to restrain
England than Russia. It supplies the key to the
whole proceeding—the clue that will enable us to
discover the secret paths of the intricate labyrinth.
As the Leviathan, with too great candour, recently
explained, Russia may yet be wanting. Her aid
might yet be required in some future contest.
But it will not be by England ! It is rather to
control and check the operations of the Islanders.
Had the Baltic fleet been destroyed, as it might
and ought to have been, the British navy would
have been paramount on the ocean.

Britannia would indeed have ruled the waves,
and the combined Fleets of the World could not
have disputed her power ; and the " Campaign
in the Baltic," to use the French phrase, would
undoubtedly have effected this object; and hence
it was necessary for other parties to avert the
catastrophe at any price. Hence the acceptance
of most inadequate terms, when, as the Foreign
Minister informed us, Britain did not stand
alone, and was compelled to consult others.
Hance the sacrifice of our incontestible
rights in a matter in which America,
who is not, and will not be, bound by
these improvident conditions, must henceforth take
the lead and obtain predominance, which was
once our proudest boast. We have been basely
betrayed, and, if those who should have stood
forward as champions have disregarded the sacred
trusts confided to their charge, the People must
seek others more energetic and more faithful, who
will struggle to the last, and contest every point
to the utmost. It is not for Whig or Tory, Con-
servative or Radical, that they are required to
struggle. All that is required is a truly English
Administration, who will not bow down before
Germanism, or surrender our time-honoured insti-
tutions to foreign and unconstitutional influences.

What neither jestice, mercy, nor shame could
effect in the Two Sicilies, is likely, it would seem,
to be "brought about by coward fear. Austria,
awake to the danger of the representations about
to be made at the Court of Naples, by England
and France, being followed by the appearance of
an Anglo-French fleet, in the Bay of Naples, has,
it would appear, intimated to King BolreA the
propriety of concession before it was too late.
Nothing more was needed to make that wretched
tyrant and tool, alarmed beforehand, consent to
the publication of an amnesty. Such advice from
Austria was absolute proof that the game was up,
and it was no longer safe to perpetuate the
" desert " state of his " fertile " dominions. So
the gaolers of his crowded prisons are to " open
locks" to a number of political prisoners, and his
hosts of spies and cut-throats are to have rest in
their vocation till the storm be past. While so
execrable a tyrant possesses the power to oppress—
there will be no holiday of any lengthened dura-
tion for them. His reign is a fraud on hu-
manity—there need be no wonder at his playing
the trickster, more especially after having been
so successful.

The interference of Austria, and the success
which has attended it, only confirms us in our opi-
nion—that the root of Italian misgovernment is to
'be sought in Vienna. If we were asked to deSig-
nate by one word the curse that converts one of
the fairest countries in the world into a desert,
blights therein the entire sacial systowr ancl turns
forth the best and noblest as a prey to the vilest
and worst, we should unhesitatingly answer—
Austria. Austria, with her unholy grasp of Lom-
bardy ; Austria, in occupation of the Papal lega-
tions and of Parma ; Austria, with her unscrupu-
lous tools and everlasting chicane at every Italian
court, and with th© ear of every Italian tyrant
and police minister ! The patriot is mulcted, im-
prisoned, assassinated at Naples—no man's life or
liberty is safe. The tyrant looks to Austria for
protection against revolt, knowing that Austria,
to serve her own purposes, will willingly afford it.
The Papal States are wretchedly misgoverned ;
property is everywhere insecure ; the people are
weighed down with taxation ; the exchequer is
almost bankrupt ; the prisons are crowded with
honest men, the highways and streets infested
with robbers and murderers ; all Christendom is
ashamed of their condition. Austria, that has con
nived at it, sees no reason to have it altered ;
and, relying on Austria, the work of misgovern-
ment goes on unimpeded. Tuscany is a prison,
her rulers gaolers, their support the assurance of
Austrian intervention to put down any rising of
. the people. Parma is at last openly governed by
Austria, and her military governor, emulating
the worst excesses of the first French Revolution,
has the citizens arrested on mere suspicion.
Teaching tyranny, stimulating to tyranny, support-
ing tyranny, trampling down liberty, butchering
free men, never vindicating the rights of man or
GOD, her support of'the priesthood, notwithstand•
jug Austrian influence, is everywhere paramount
in Italy, and for the condition of that unhappy
country Austria is morally responsible. The pre-
sence of her troops and her influence withdrawn,
,the people would speedily right themselves, if her
tyrants did not at once abate their pretensions,
and concede what they might no longer with
safety deny. The French EMPEROR, conscious of
the blunder he committed as President, wants
only a plausible pretext to withdraw his troops.

If this be the case—and a fair consideration of
all that has been revealed of late years with regard
to the internal condition of Italy can hardly lead
to any other conclusion—the only wise policy to
be pursued is not so much to intimidate her petty
tyrants as to fasten on Austria the responsibility
of their misdoings,. and resolutely insist on her
evacuation of Lombardy, as well as of Parma and
the Papal Legations. The adoption of this policy,
however, if not too much to ask of our rulers, is
more than experience and present circumstanc?s
warrant us to expect. France is shadowed by a
cradle, and England by a German (genealogical)
tree. May the nursery rhyme not prove pro-
phetic, fur assuredly the tempest is gathering.

The Duce and Duchess of Roxburgh and Lady Susan
,
Lanes Kerr have arrived at the Clarendon, from Floors
Castle, Kelso
N. B.
The Earl and Countess of Gainsborough have arrived
at Claridgo's Hotel.
The Earl of Southeak has also arrived at Claridge's
Hotel.
The Countess of Longford and Lady Louisa Paken-
ham have
fro in Ireland. arrived at their residence, in Bruton-street,
The Earl and Countess of Portsmouth have arrived at
Ilowchin's Hotel, St. James's-street, for the season.
Lord and Lady Ribblesdale have arrived at Maurigy's
Hotel, Regent-street, from Paris.
The following officers are named in Crimean General
Orders as about to embark for England :—Capt. Gould,
63d Regiment ; Lieut. Wood, 13th Light Dragoons
19th Regiment, on medical
andcertificate.
Surgeon Len galore,

ROUSE OF LORDSI.—MAY 6.— TALBOT'S DIVORCE.—
This case was resum ed to-day, and Mr. Sergeant Byles
concluded his address on behalf of the petitioner. Their
lordships will },rive judgment on the 20th inst.
The Bank of. Pew isia on Monday reduced its rate of
discount to 4 per cent.

LATEST NEWS.

MARSEILLES, WEDNESDAY, MAY 7.
The Carmel has arrived, with advices from

Constantinople of the 28th, and from the Crimea

of the 26th ult.

Despatches leave at 9 a.m.

The frigates Promethee, Mogador, and Reine
Blanche have arrived with 1,400 men from the

Crimea.

BERLIN, MAY 6.

The Russian Government has ordered the irre-
gular troops in the Crimea to be disbanded.

Commandant Orloff Danisoff has left St. Peters•
burg for Moscow to superintend the execution of
the orders relative to the ceremony of the coro-