The Sun.
London, England, 1851-08-26 00:00:00

THE SUN,

Ipsyncil-Wind N. W fine.
Droiny - Wind W.-fl
NorrINGHAM ..‘k hid - very fine.
LUccous- Win 3 E.-fine.
HuLvHti.AD-Wind W.. gentle breese-portially cl udy.
CHESTER-`Find cloudy.
SHEFFIBLD--Wind W.-cloudy.
Livimpool,-Wind
MaNCHIBTEa- Wind ,F -cloudy.
Huu..- Wind W.N.W.- fi e.
Loops -µ ind N. fine.
y‘,144 . Wind W.-111:19
LAvrABTP:R-V ind S. W.. gentle bream-heavy rain.
&ski:tow:welt Wind W.-fine.
Ratty-Wind N., strong breeze cloudless.
DARLe,GITON-K ino
N .1%; W., strong b eeze- fine.
SHAP- ind N. ~ strong breeze- partially cloudy.
NEwCAsTI K- Wind W -fine.
BEATrocx- Wind gentle breeze-partially cloudy.
BKRWICK—Wind E cloudy.
GLA.SGoW-Wind S.W.-very tine.
EDINBURGH-Wind W. • fine.
The returns from the following places indicate the state of
the wind and weather on Saturday morning at nine
o'clock :-
PooLo-Wind S.W., calm-overcast.
LEIGHTON-Wind S.W., strong breeze-rain.

THE WEATHER.—Suer Orrics, Auauwr 26.
TIMM MISTER, IN THE SHADE.
68 —h ig hes t since noon yesterday.
48 —lowest this morning and during the night.
65—this day, at noon.

BaßosinagE, 30.12.
Wpm W.—strong breeze and cloudy, with occasional

sbowers.

TO CORRESPONDENTS.
No communication can be attended to unless authen-
ticated by the name and address of the writer.
Rejected communications cannot be returned.

:141 r itenina ')k'
do-, Int
LONDON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 26, 1851.

It is now just seventy-three years since Captain
COOKS discovered the Sandwich Hands, at that time
inhabited by a race of ferocious savages, who, if not
absolutely cannibals, were at all events in the almost
constant habit of perpetrating human sacrifices, and
whose government was that which universally pre-
vails among all uncivilised nations, namely, absolute
authority on the part of the chiefs, and unresisting
submission on the part of the people. Hawaii, the
chief island of the group, was the scene of the mur-
der of Captain Co, as by the savage deniz,na of the
kland, and a quarrel for the posse-84°n of a few goats,
which the discoverers of the island had left behind
thief°, gave rise to a fierce, and long-continued
war between two neighbouring tribes, in al.-
nurse of which the goats were sll de
strived, a fortunate circumstance for the
haigerents, as it prevented their own extermina-
tion, an event of by no means improbable occurrent:,
hod the war continued fur a short time longer. Such
was the state of affairs in the Island of Hawaii in 1778.
What is the present state ot that island and its in
habitants ? Let the following extract. from the New
York j.urnals just received per the Niagara answer
the question :
" Our Honolulu papers are to the 31st of May.
`• The t Nu Rouses of Parliament were formally opened
by the King in person on the 6th of May, at the large
stone church in Honolulu Referring to the relations of
the Sandwich Islands Government with France, the
King said ihat the diplomatic relations had not been
fully restored. He (the King) had ref.-rred certain
clams for indemnity to the President of the French Re-
public, and he hoped that the French President would
Issue such instructions as would put an end to an attitude
of hostility on the part of France, which the King lead
not sought and had not retaliated. 'My friendly re-
lations with Great Britain' are uninterrupted, asd
with the United States, `continue of the most
friendly kind,' With all other states my relations
are friendly.' After reference to certain treaties and
other matters, the King recommends increased attention
to agriculture, the markets of California, Oregon, Van-
couver's Island, &c., affording a profitable outlet for more
than the island produce. Sanitary regulations are re-
commended in view of the revival of the cholera in ports
trading with the Sandwich Islands; and the revenue is
declared to be, though small, more than sufficient for
the wants of the Government, and it leaves a surplus
for purposes of internal improvement.
" The apeeeh was delivered in the Hawaiian language,
and afterwards read in English for the benefit ot the
foreign Ministers present."
A reader ignorant of the circumstances might be
well excused if, on reading the above, he were to in-
dulge in the usual lamentations of platform orators over
extinct races of interesting savages, for he might not un-
naturally be led to the conclusion that the aborigines
had been extirpated, and that the island bad been re-
peopled by Englishmen who had, as usual, organized
for themselves a system of self-government in strict
conformity with that which they had enjoyed in their
own country. What would be the surprise of such a
person when he learned that this constitutional KING,
who formally opens the two Houses of Parliament by
a speech from the throne, after the most approved
fashion of the best constitutional Governments, that
the Members of these two Houses of Parliament, and
the constituencies who elect these Members are all
descendants, the grandchildren, the children of
the savages of 1778 ?—nay, it may well be that, in some
instances, they may he the very savages of 1778
themselves. Tne island is healthy, the race is long
lived, and any inhabitant of Hawaii who it
now eighry years of age must have witnessed
the progri-se ot nation from the lowest depths of
blrhariaiti to the highest pi ch o" cisiliz 'bon, Iron,
carnibislism to constitutional goverimietit ; the /lilt,.
biogrdphy of such a man wow(' be invaluable tt
every s'udent eif politicd philosophy. The satn•
American journal gives us the following educational
and revenue- statistics of the kingdom of the Sandwich
Islands:—

"Th.-re are in the Saodnich ',lands 441 Prides an!
schools. with 12 949 scholars, and 102 Itoruan Casfo•lic.
with 2,359 sctodl.r- : twit] number ut scho h. 543; o,
scnolars, 15 3uB. The amount paid for te,tch,-rs' wag,,
in 1650 .as dolls. 20 630 58 The average yearly curt
of each school cyst; n. •11s. 47 68; the ay. rage wagea of each
teacher, (lolls. 37 99. I'h. incoma of thw Island, tor the
year ending Ma,ch 31, 1851,
was 330.546d011a; the t

p.ndi•ure, 250 707 dulls. The revenue zu 1843 am ouutud

to 41,000 dulls.

How comes it that the state of the Sandwich Is-
lanth presents such a gratifying contrast to that of
almost every other aboriginal race which has come in
. _

contact with European Civilization ? In considering
this subject the first point that strkes us, and, as it would
appear, the great distinctive point between the case of
the inhabitants of the Sand wich and that of every other
aboriginal race with
~which Europeans or their
descendants have come in contact, is, that whereas in
the case of other nations the white man has attempted
to colonize, in the case of the Sandwich Islands he
has made no such attempt, he has been content to
trade and to instruct, offering his trade and his in-
struction, not forcing them—thus, whilst to the
aboriginal races of other lands he has been known
only as the overbearing task-master, the despoiler of
their land, and, in too many instances, the destroyer
of their kin and race, to the Sandwich Islanders he

has been known as the guide, philosopher, and
friend ; they trusted dim, and, in this instance at
least, he has never abused his trust, and he

has had
his reward, for to England, to France, to
America, their respective shares of the commerce of the
kingdom of
the Sandwich Islands is far more valuable
than could have been at the present moment the ab-

solute possession of these islands as a colony to either

of them. The present state of the Sandwich Islands,

as compared with that Of colonized countries, should

cartaiuly induce us carefully to review our whole
system of colonial planting, with a view to deter-

mining whether it is wise or expedient to follow the
system any further. We have said it would be wise
to review our system of colonial planting, and we
have made use of the word planting advisedly. In
colonies already planted the policy as regards
the aborigines cannot be altered without risk-

ink{ the lives of our fellow-countrymen located
those distant lands, and therefore, however

prudeuf it might hove been in the first insrance to
have abstained from planting, yet the course once en

tteured upon t
e,,terup,ru,t
ointtb: ccaorurs
,ii:lleurau::ottitd
iloi i. r
of the
the"
glaute."B7l
Another Enomt important question theft suggests isrlf
to the student of politicAl philos.phY, in compiring
the relative state of the Sandwich Island, in 1773 and
1851, with thdt of the eiviiiz-d natives of Europe at
thtl smme period,is the followinv:—How eon" it thar
tht, Snodwich I,l4nders have within the course of 73
years solved the probietn of constitu iot,al govern- i
aid organized a constitution of King,
Lords and Comtnons, which is not only eX. 1

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