The Sun.
London, England, 1856-09-11 00:00:00

ITALY.

(From Correspondent of the Times, Second Edition.)
In the present inflammable state of Italy, when
the slightest spark, if allowed to settle, becomes
dangerous, not only for Italy itself, but for the
peace of Europe, it is frightful to see the reckless
manner in which some people treat the most com-
bustible materials. M. Landucci, the Minister of
the Interior in Turkey, for instance, has just
offered another most gratuitous insult to this
country by ordering several Sardinian subjects
to leave the Tuscan territories within a few
hours' notice, and refusing to listen to any
remonstrances or explanations on the part of
the Sardinian representative, so that his order
was literally carried into effect. The case, as far as
I have been informed, stands thus :—a M. d'Aste,
who is the head master of a most respectable school
at Genoa, wished to make an excursion with some
of his scholars during the vacation (as is the cus-
tom in this country and Switzerland, and perhaps
elsewhere now), and had selected Florence as the
object of his journey, with the view of showing
his pupils the galleries of pictures and numer-
ous other works of art with which that capital
abounds. Nothing would appear more natural—
few things more praiseworthy—in a schoolmaster
anxious to combine instruction and amusement
for the benefit of the youths committed to his
charge, yet M. Landucci, looking at it from an
Austro-Tuscan point of view, detected a revolu-
tionary conspiracy in the whole scheme, and dealt
with it in his brusquest manner. The passports of
M. d'Aste and his young friends were perfectly en
reyle, having received the visa of the Tuscan Consul
at Genoa, and therefore they were allowed to land
at Leghorn, and travel by railway to Florence,
without any obstacle on the part of the police, and
it was only after they had been some hours esta-
blished in their hotel at Florence that they received
an intimation from the Ministry of the Interior that
the Government insisted on their leaving the
country forthwith. M. d'Aste, of course, imme-
diately applied to the Sardinian Legation for pro•
teotion, and M. Gianotti, the Charge d'Affaires in
the temporary absence of Marquis Souli, lost no
time in waiting on the Minister of the Interior, and
representing to him what he considered to be the true
state of the case, but M. Landucci had already made
up his mind on the subject, and refused to recall his
decision, so there was nothing left for M. d'Aste but
to comply with this most arbitrary order, nor for
M. Gianotti, but to report the whole affair to his
Government. M. Landucci's reasons for acting in
this discourteous way are, I am told, because many
of the professors in the school of which M. D'Aste
Is chief are Tuscan political refugees, and therefore
these boys of 12 or 14 must have imbibed revolu-
tion ary principles. Whether this argument is
right. v founded or not, it is morally certain that
M. Landucci has now given the youth of Genoa a
specimen of the blessings of absolute government
that they v,i/1 not forget to the end of their lives.
Count CavOur, as Minister of Foreign Affairs, on
receivingM.Gia2lOtti'is report,immediatelyaddressed
a strong remonsti•azice to the Tuscan Government,
I believe, and an ansN7er is shortly expected. In the
meantime people are
tolerably unanimous in as-
cribingsecret diplomacy
and family influences of cribing this irritating poliscY to the
Austria, as well as to her
r
encouraging hostile attitu ‘lO
towa
encouraging that is to her satellites the King of
Naples and the small sovereig..l6" of central Italy,
who would never venture to hold :1;12 e language they
have done lately to the allied Gove.rl:ments if they
were not secretly urged on by Austri.q.
The Armenia to-day ridicules the credulity or
Liberals,
perversity of the Libertines, as it calls the
in believing the story of Ciceruacchio's murder by
Austrian soldiers, as told by General Garii:aldi)
and by way of setting people right on the subj Out
it relates a story tor their credence on its own au-.
thority.
The Armenia has seen a man—a Roman—who
arrived at Toulon from the Crimea in the end of
May last. This man had been a soldier in the war
in the Crimea, and had seen Ciceruacchio at
Kertch, at the head of a rich magazine of provi-
L sions, where lie made a great deal of money by
his traffic. On the other hand the Armenia
has been assurred that the wife of Ciceruacchio,
who remains at Rome, has never wept her bus-
ba tad as dead, nor does she do so now. On this
information the Armenia declares the report
of Garibaldi one of the usual fables with which th,
Republicans are wont to excite the sacred flame of
hatred towards the barbarians. " Garibaldi con-
tented himself with asserting his falsehood, and all
the Libertines repeat it by heart as if they were
the words of the Gospel. Oh, what innocence !"
Another piece of railway from Santhia, on the
Turin and Novara rail, toßiella, has been opened to
the public to-day. This branch, which is 30 kilo-
metres in length, brings the important town of Biella
into railway communication with Turin and Genoa
and the Lago Maggiore. Biella is the centre of a
manufacturing district, where woollen and other
fabrics are made in considerable quantities, and
latterly of a very fair quality. Under the fostering
hand of protection it is related that the manufac-
turers of Biella were content to introduce foreign
cloths by contraband, and, after adding their own
fringe and stamp to them, send them into the mar-
ket as domestic manufactures. But the free trade
policy of Count Cavour, by lowering tie import
duty, destroyed the profits of the contraband
trade, and obliged the Biella manufacturers to have
recourse to fairer and not less honest competition
with the foreign producer. Of course there was
.
no party the country louder in denouncing the
unpatriotic policy of M. Bavour than the Biellese
selvedje makers; but it is a wonderful thing that
notwithstanding their own predictions of certain
ruin, they have almost all realized large fortunes
within the last few years, and the number of fac-
tories at Biella are continually on the increase. The
branch railway, now open, which cost 4,500,000 f.,
was made almost exclusively with Biel!a capital.
Shares were issued for 5,000,000, but only 4,500,000
were called for, as the Novara Company under-
takes to work it, and therefore it is not necessary
to purchase rolling stock.
To-morrow—the festa of the Nativity of the
Virgin—the first experiment of excursion trains in
this country is to be made on the Turin and Genoa
Railway. The fares from Genoa to Turin and
back being 6f. first class and sf. second.
A letter from the Lombard frontier, dated the
sth inst., iu the Opinione of Turin of the Bth,
says :
.‘ We were told some time ago that numerous fur-
loughs were to be granted to the soldiers of the Austrian
army. The contrary is the ease. All the absent sol-
diers and recruits have been ordered to return to their
respective corps. It was said at Pavia that the winter
garrison would only consist of two companies of infantry.
To-day we are informed that it is to be composed of six
companies of infantry, two squadrons of hussars, and a
battery of eight guns, and that these troops are to oc-
cupy the citadel, which has been lately repaired. The
whole army in Italy has been placed on the war
footing,"

The Genoa Corriere Mercantile of the ith inst.,
publishes the following letter addressed to it by the
Secretary of Murat :
" Chateau of Buzenval, Sept. 3, 1356.
" Sir,—The juuriial Le Si6cle has extracted from the
Corriere Mercantile and translated the following in its
❑umber of this day :—`The report relative to the circu-
lation of a Muralist proclamation in the kingdom o

Naples is confirmed. Eis said to be dated from Savoy,
but bears no sigrature.'

" Being attached to the service of his Imperild High-
ness Prince Lucian Murat as seerataiy, I am enabled to
a3sure you teat the friends and partisans of the Prince
have sent no proclamaLion to Naples from Savoy of
,)ii,iewhere. If any proclamation has been circulated in
that kiagdoni, iv is devoid of authenticity, essentially
apocryphal, and the work of the enemies rather than the
friends of the Prince. The intelligence yon have pub•
liAted, considering its gravity and the consequences that
may result from it, have induced me to lose no time in
addressing to you the present letter, which I request you
to insert without delay.

" LIZABE RIIFFONI."

Letters from Tuscany state that subscription for
the hundred guns of Alessandria had been opened at
Leghorn, Florence, Pica, Pistoja, and other towns,
and that the Government bad taken no measures
to prevent them. The reigning Grand Duke was
said to have declared, in a private conversation
with an influential personage of the Liberal party,
that he would abdicate should the least disturbance
occur in Tuscany.
The Archduke Leopold, director of the Engineer-
ing Department, left Verona on the sth for Porto
Legnago.

Si. Luigi Negrelli, Inspector-General of the
railways of the Austrian Monarchy, passed through
Verona, on the 6th, on his way to Piedmont. The
object of his journey is to effect a journey between
the Piednaontese and Lombard railways.

PRUSSIA.
BERLIN, SEPT. 8.

The Prince Regent of Baden, who has hitherto
exercised the functions of government in the place
of his elder brother, whose state of mental derange-
ment leaves no hope of his recovery, has at length
assumed the title of Grand Duke of Baden, doubt-
less in preparation for his approaching marriage
with the Princess Louisa of Prussia. The follow-
ing is the text of the proclamation that he has
issued on the occasion :

"We,. Friedricb, by the grace of God Grand Duke of
Baden, and Duke of Zahringen, make known by those
presents ; when at the decease of our father the
Grand Duke Leopold, of imperishable memory, the
agnates of our house, in concurrence with her
Serene Highness our mother, pronounced that our
dearly beloved brother the Hereditary Grand Duke
Ludwig, was incompetent to undertake the govern.
ment of the Grand Duchy and to conduct it to the
benefit of the family and the country,' we, being called
thereto by the grace of God and the law of our house,
entered upon the government of the Grand Duchy with
all the rights and duties attached to and incumbent on
the Sovereignty, and at the same time received the
homage. Being actuated, however, by fraternal consi-
derations, we refrained at that time from assuming the
title of Grand Duke ; but after the experience of four
years we cannot conceal from ourselves that, for the pro-
tection of the interests of our country as well as for the
exercise of our rights and duties, we cannot abstain for
any long period from assuming the title of Grand Duke ;
and we cannot close our eyes to the consideration that
in allowing a right that comes to us by the laws of our
house to remain longer in abeyance we ourselves would
not be the only person affected by our so doing. In sub-
ordinating therefore our own personal feelings to consi-
derations connected with the future of our own family
and of our country we find ourselves strengthened by
the recent expression of the wishes of our agnates—viz.,
that we should assume the title of Grand Duke and
carry it out to its consequences as though we had acted
upon this right earlier. We accordingly declare that we
hereby assume the title of Grand Duke, that fell to us
with all its rights and privileges at the time of our en-
tering upon the government. We command all our
subjects to conform to this.
"Given under our own hand and seal in our capital
of Karlsruhe, Sept. 5, 1856.

" FRIEDRICH.
" VON MEYZENBERG.
" REGENALIER.
" VON STENGEL.
" VON WECIISI.O.
" LUDWIG."

GREECE.

The following is the text of a note that the Mi-
nister of Foreign Affairs in Greece has just lately
forwarded to the representative of France at the
Court of Athens

" Athens, Aug, 13 (25.)
I, M. le Ministre,—ln a conversation which took
place yesterday on a public promenade between M.
l'Amiral Bouet Willaumez and M. le Colonel Touret,
Commandant de Place d'Athenes, the admiral said in a
loud voice, and so as to be heard by a large number of
bystanders, who have informed us of the matter, that he
would never permit the Government to change its Com-
mandant de Place at the Pirmus, that it was he who was
king of the Pimus, and that if they sent him another
officer he would send him babk under charge of gen-
darmes to Athens. Colonel Touret having been ques-
tioned on the subject, confirms these expressions.
"As a protest against these expressions, pronounced
in public, and which involve a direct attack upon the
sovereign rights of, and the respect due to the Crown,
the Queen has immediately ordered another destination
to be given to M. Melingo, who has hitherto fulfilled the
functions of Commandant de Place at the Pirmus. Her
Majesty will not permit even the shade of a suspicion to
exist that she could tolerate the least infringement on
the sovereignty, the sacred deposit of which has been
intrusted to her by the King.
"In thus fulfilling my duty of communicating to you
the preceding, I must at the same time express the re-
gret which an incident so untoward has caused the
Government.
" Receive the assurances, &c.

".A. R. RAUGABIL"

SPAIN.

The Madrid journals of the 6th have arrived.
General O'Donnell was slightly indisposed, but
was able to attend to business. General Dulce had
resumed his duty as Director-General of Cavalry.
The cholera had broken out suddenly with great
violence at the Escurial, and had caused several
deaths. M. Escalante, ministerintheUnited Staten,
had sent in his resignation, and it was to bo accepted.
Several employes of the Minister of Finance had
held a meeting to deliberate as to whether or not
they should resign, but had resolved to keep
their places. The Gazette announces officially that
M. Gonzalez, Spanish Minister in London, had
an audience of the Queen of England on the 27th
' ult., to announce the termination of his mission to
Majesty. He, as usual on such occasions,
tha:iked her Majesty for the kindness she had
shown him, and the Queen, on her part, expressed
her pleasure at the friendly relations existing be-
tween Spain and. England. There was a talk of
establishing a general discount bank. The Minis-
try of Public Works was occupying itself with the
projected establishment of lines of steamers be-
tween Spain and her American colonies. General
Iriarte had been nominated Captain-General of
Porto Rico. The French refugees at Guipuzcoa
had, by order of the authorities, been ordered to
reside iu the interior of the kingdom. A letter
says :—" It has been reported to-day that General
O'Donnell is about to resign, and to be replaced.
by General Ros de Olano, but the rumour is ab-
surd. Such is the confidence inspired by the
Cabinet, that several capitalists have offered it ad-
vances at not more than 6 per cent., but none are
needed. What has been said about a decree on
the press about to be issued is unfounded, but an
early promulgation of the constitution is expected.
mess of the
It is said that the Emperor and Eri;:) r
French intend to make an excursion in but
this is only a rumour."

A letter from St. Petersburg of the 2d says "
It is generally reported that tho relations of
Russia and Sweden have been of late anything but
friendly, and that the Swedish ambassador sent by
the court of Stockholm to the coronation could
not fail to have noticed the coolness which exists
between the two States."

The Council of State of Neufchatel has published
a proclamation, in which it acquaints the inhabit•
ants of the republic that order is again restored,
and also thanks them for the patriotism and
courage displayed by them during the late events.

" The Austrian Government," says a letter from
Vienna of the sth, in the Augsburg Gazette, "hav-
ing in vain offered the most sincere advice to the
Neapolitan Cabinet, appears to have taken the
resolution, which is ipartly dictated by dynastic
motives, of remaining foreign to any ulterior nego-
tiations, and of awaiting the pacific solution of the
Neapolitan question. It is assured that Baron de
Hubner has in consequence received orders to ab-
stain from passing by Naples."

The King of Prussia arrived at Sohlobitton on
the 4th. The Queen will remain a few clays longer
at Bromberg, in consequence of a slight indisposi-
tion.

FOUR MEN DROWNED.—.& most distressing accident
occurred In the little seaport of Blyth, OR the Northum-
berland coast, on Monday, by which four lives were
sacrificed. It is a remarkable circumstance that, though
a great portio❑ of the population of this district have to
make a living upon the water, scarcely one in 10 of
them can swim. So notorious is it that the Duke of
Northumberland, at his own cost, has a person engaged
teaching the people in the fishing villages this art. Ex-
tensive improvements are being made in Blyth harbour,
with a view to improve it as a shipping place for coal.
On Monday a number of men were employed swinging
a barge, which had been taking in mud from the dredger.
She was lopsided, from having too much ballast on one
side, and, getting into the tide, upset. Thirteen men
were plunged into the water, and every effort was made
to rescue them ; but, as few of them could swim, 'this
was a very hazardous job, and four of them sank ant!
were drowned. Their bodies have Lean recovered, and
are awaiting the coroner's inquest.—Manchester Guar-
dian.

AMERICA.

ARRIVAL OF THE BALTIC.
LIVERPOOL, THURSDAY.
This morning the United States mail steam-ship
Baltic, Captain Comstock, arrived in the Money,
with the mails from the United States and British
North America. She left New York on the 30th
lilt, and has brought GO passengers and $200,970
in specie on freight.
The rupture between the Senate and House of
Representatives on the Army Appropriation Bill
continues. The bill being referred to the Confer-
ence Committee, composed of Senators Hunter,
Begleraust, Crittenden, and Messrs. Campbell,
Stephens, and Sherman, members of the House of
Representatives, failed, however, in effecting the
adjustment. The House, on the 28th of August
passed a bill, appropriating $40,000 to purchase .7
and repair the ship Resolute, for the purpose of
presentation to the English Government. The
senators at the caucus meeting resolved to continuo
the session to the 4th of March, unless the Army
Appropiation Bill is passed earlier.
The Illinois steam-ship, from California, arrived
at New York on the 29th August. Her dates are
to the sth ult. She has brought 1,500,000 dollars
in gold. The Vigilance Committee is still exist-
ing. Trade steadily improving, and the crops re-
presented as being good. Favourable intelligence
from the mining districts, and the products satis-
factory.
A Nicaragua letter states that Mr. Livingston,
the United States consul at Leon, had been shot by
the Rivas party, in retaliation for the execution of
Lolazers.

COMMERCIAL.
Money at New York was in active demand, and well
supplied. No pressure. Stock had a downward tend-
ency.
Exchange on London at 1091 91.
The cotton market is unchanged in value.
Prices are lower in the breadstuff market; the trawl
actions only moderate.
Provisions are firm ; the prices unaltered.
Freights to Liverpool steady; to Europe dull.

POLITICAL PERSECUTION IN FRANC.

(From the Daily Nem.)

The letter of M. Louis Blanc respecting the treat-
ment of the political prisoners in Cayenne has only
been answered by the correspondent of a morning
journal whose inspirations are notoriously derived
from the Rue Jerusalem. But a document has been
placed in our hands which will help the European
public to judge between M. Louis Blanc and the
organ of the French police. If the French govern'
ment is ready to play the part of the cruel gaoler
towards the political exiles of other countries, how
will it act towards its own ? If the French g°:
vernment is guilty of inhumanity towards political
exiles in France, what will it be in Cayenne f
With these questions we leave our readers to P,""
use, and judge for themselves of, the following
communication :