The Sun.
London, England, 1851-11-28 00:00:00

TO CORREBPONDENTS

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LONDON, FRIDAY,. NOVEIIBER 28, 18.5

On Wednesday we took occasion to congratulate
the authors and artists not merely of the United
Kingdom, but of France in like manner, upon the
propitious future opened to them by the treaty about
to be ratified at Paris and at London in regard to the
important question of international copyright. In
order to demonstrate as dearly as possible that in
those felicitations we were not counting merely upon
the chances of a dim possibility, but upon the basis of

a substantial fact, we referred, and not, without fee

ings of peculiar pleasure, to the document negotiated
between the two Governments. After the remarks

Ctintained in a former impression, we consider it to be
.little less ,than superfluous to enlarge upon the ad-
vantages certain to accrue therefrom, both to the
:-.. French and English promoters of Art and Literature.
nde . ".'llaii circumstances, therefore, we should
- . • mad from reverting so speedily to the matter
- .
, • , . ; e , consideration, but that another grievance forces
itself upon our notice—a grievance sufficiently serious
to be productive of very coneidentble Wary, and yet

sufficiently removable to justify us in demanding its
instant and effectual dissipation.
That there should be no reciprocation of the benefits
resulting from copyright between this country and
the United States is lamentable undoubtedly—but,
for a thousand reasons, the existence of the evil is at
the same time very comprehensible. That there
should in the same manner be no literary or artistic
exchange of this character between Germany and
Great Britain is, in an almost equal degree, matter
for regret, but cannot for an instant be matter of sur-
prise. Remembering the difficulties which have
hitherto interposed between any such cordial alliances
as this between the rival powers of Christendom, it is
assuredly easy enough to understand at a glance the
cause of this prolonged and obdurate estrangement.
But that our Legislators have heretofore in no way
secured to each and all of the subjects of the British
Crown the rights and privileges of the nature here
intimated is, it must inevitably he admitted, cause

for very serious complaint, and reason for very
acco;lntA!e amazement. According to the system,
or r,:th,r, we should say, according to the no-system
h,.retof,,re in vogue, it is of course sufficiently
easy fur an author, an engraver, or a mu-
sical composer to obtain for himself the
security of copyright by entering at Stationers' Hall
the production of his art, his genius, or his ingenuity.
Not so, however, with those equally faithful lieges of
the SOVEREIGN who may by ill-luck happen to be
resident in one or other of her Britannic MAJESTY'S
remote possessions. There may be little difficulty in
forwarding a book, a print, or a ballad to Stationers'
Hail from the "Row" or from any other of the localities
for publication either in England, Ireland, or Scot-
land ; hut it becomes a rather serious matter when
the printing-office may happen to be in some back
street of Sydney or in some one of the industrial
quarters of Calcutta. The truth is, there should be
some reasonable provision made in this respect for the
authors and artists who may happen to dwell in our
colonies—in the mushroom towns and advancing
settlements of Canada, or of Australia. As it is—and
we can vouch very positively for the accuracy of our
present statement-2 draughtsman may sketch views
of the scenery of New South Wales and publish those
views in a lithographic form, say at Adelaide for
example, and on his arrival in the mother country,
some time afterwards, find those same identical
drawings pirated very coolly, not by an engraver, a
lithographer, or a painter, but actually by an oil-
cloth manufacturer. A circumstance of this kind
really occurred not long since, and the unfortunate
victim upon the occasion found himself, from the pe-
culiarity of his position (as one practising his pro-
fession in a distant colony) left without any redress
whatsoever. In order to obviate the annoyance—and
not only the annoyance, but the injustice—of such a
transaction, the artist or author living in Australia
would have to transmit the result of his labour by a
voyage both tedious and expensive across thousands of
miles of ocean to be duly entered at Stationers' Hall
—a proceeding manifestly impracticable for ordinary

purposes.
Against the continuance of this evil there is left us,
however, one very evident means of reformation. Let
it be decided by the Imperial Legislature that any
work of the kind indicated may be entered at the
Council of Local Administration, precisely as it is
with ourselves in entering the same kind of produc-
tions at Stationers' Hall, and the whole of the very
considerable grievance complained of might at once,
and effectually, become dissipated. It would be pos-
sible then for the colonial administrators to commu-
nicate periodically through their dispatches a cata-
logue of the books, prints, songs, &c., so entered to
the central or supreme Government. Some alteratio❑
of the nature hare intimated has become, in truth, by
this time absolutely essential. And remembering the
extraordinary benefits about to be conferred upon both
France and England by the Literary Treaty
before adverted to, it would be scarcely
decent to delay some reform of this par-
ticular description in reference to the artists
and authors living in the colonies of the latter
country. Our sense of the injustice of the arrange-
ments now in existence is, in truth, of a kind such
as induces us to look forward with some degree of
anxiety to conduct in this matter to be decided
upon by the two Houses of Parliament. Something
must be done, and that speedily, to the end that our
colonies may acquire the privileges and the protec-
tion of a literary and artistic copyright; and there-
fore we await with all eagerness the course which
may be resolved upon by our rulers on the next
re-assembling of the Legislature.

Among the railway projects of which notice has
been given for the ensuing session, there is one de-
serving of especial notice, not merely for the advan-
tages it is calculated to oonfer upon the community
in general, by a considerable extension of railway
accommodation in a very important district, but also
for the prospects which it opens to the shareholders
in a rail 6vay company which, having started under
the most favourable auspices, and at one period com-
manding very considerable premiums for its shares or
stock, has long been unduly depressed. The under-
taking, too, will be beneficial to all the surrounding
companies, so that while it affords to the Oxford,
Worcester, and Wolverhampton Company, a reason-
able prospect of obtaining fairly remunerative returns
on its existing and future outlay, it cannot be consi-
dered as injurious to any of the great companies by
which it is surrounded.
The plan to which we would thus direct the public
attention is the contemplated continuation of the
Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton Railway
from Wolvercot, near Oxford, to Isleworth, in the
county of Middlesex, and which may be denominated
the Oxford end Brentford extension of the Oxford,
Worcester, and Wolverhampton Railway. The
new line will not only materially shorten the distance
from Oxford to London, bringing the former city in
communication with the Euston-square Station by a
direct road, twenty-one and a half miles shorter than
the present route, via the London and North-Western
Railway, but it will enable passengers to proceed, or
goods to be conveyed to either side of the river, to
Euston or Waterloo, and thus afford vast accommo-
dation and a. great saving of time and expense. It
will also give direct railway communication to the
towns of Heston, Norwood (Middlesex), Crawford,
Harlington, Hayes, West Drayton, Cowley, Hilling-
don, Uxbridge, Beaconsfield, Wycombe, Marlow,
Princes-Risborough, Thame, and Oxford, be-
sides the important districts traversed by
the parent line. It will lie midway between the
Great Western and North-Western lines, at
about the same distance from, and holding a simi-
lar position with respect thereto, to that occupied by
the Great Northern Railway in reference to the
London and North-Western and Eastern Counties
lines.
We shall now look to the actual saving of distances
that will be effected when the plan to which we are
alluding is carried into execution. The contemplated
road will be from the north side of Oxford to the
junction at Brentford, 47 miles. Brentford is 111
miles from the Waterloo station, and 10i from Eus-
ton-square. The distance from the north side of
Oxford to the former will then be 581 miles, to the

latter, 57i. At present, from the north side of Ox-
ford
to Paddington is 64 miles. There will on
this alone, then, be a saving of 5i or 6i miles; but
to those who travel viw the North-Western line, the
saving will be no less than 21i miles, the distance
B
from Oxford to Euston-square, by letchley, at
present travelled, being 79 miles, while the same point
will then be reached within 574 miles. It is unne-
cessary to dwell on the great value of this alteration.
The formation of the entire Oxford, 'Worcester,
and Wolverhampton line may now be regarded as
virtually accomplished. The total cost, when it is
completed, will amount to 3,100,0001., of which
2,300,000 k has been already expended. For this the
earthworks, masonry, tunnels, and viaducts are either
constructed or nearly so; and when we consider that
the works are now in the hands of Messrs. PETO and
BETTS, and Messrs. TILEADWELL, we cannot doubt
that all will be brought to a satisfactory conclusion
without any unnecessary delay, even of a single day.
The ; estimated cost of the contemplated extension
will be 800,0001. The outlay on the entire line from
\Vol verhampton to Brentford will thus be under four
millions sterling (3,900,0000.
For this sum the shareholders will have an exceed-
ingly eligible line from Wolverhampton to London,
with the, choice of tha best metropolitan termini—a
line! takin; it,, and accommodating the important

towns and surrounding districts of Bils-
ton, Tipton, Dudley, Stourbridge, Kidder-
minster, Stourport, Bewdley, Droitwich, Stoke,
Worcester, Pershore, Evesham, Camden, Morton,
Woodstock, and Oxford, besides the towns we have
already enumerated as situate on the extension.
The moderation of these charges will be best under-
stood by a comparison with the prices of the existing
communications with Wolverhampton, that by the
Great Western having cost no less than 10,000,0001.
sterling, and that by the North-Western more than
11,000,0001. The heavy iron traffic from Wolverhampton
may thus be brought to the Nine Elms station (the
value of which may be appreciated when we consider
how many of the great iron masters' depslts are situate
on the banks of the Thames), or to the docks, nio
the "North-Western" and the "East and West India
Dock" railways. The Droitwich salt, the Stourbridge
fire-bricks, and a variety of the native productions
from the hives of industry, above referred to, may be
brought in like manner. It is true that the distance
from Wolverhampton by the new route will be 148,
while by the North-Western it is only 127 miles ;
but this is not so important for the heavy traffic.
From Worcester, however, the distance will be but
105 miles in place of 149 miles by the present route,
a saving oT 44 miles to the inhabitants of that city.

While we hare thus pointed out some few of the
almost incalculable advantages that will be derived
from the extension by the shareholders of the Oxford,
Worcester, and Wolverhampton Company, and by the
inhabitants of the districts traversed by the line, we
would show that it is also beneficial to the Great
Western Company. The proposed line will join that
of the last-mentioned company at Drayton, and the
distance between Oxford and Paddington will thereby
be shortened ten miles. The road from Paddingto❑
to Birmingham, at present 126 miles, will thus be
reduced to 116, or only 3i miles more than from
Euston-square to Birmingham. When we consider
the circuitous route of the Great Western system to
Birkenhead, from Wolverhampton via Shrewsbury,
the saving will be of the utmost value—it will
reduce the distance to Birkenhead and the
Cheshire side of the river to about the same
as that now required to Liverpool and the northern
side by the North-Western. The distance to Ireland
may also be materially shortened, and the communi-
cation greatly improved by the formation at some
future time of a branch from Llangollen to Abergele.
These various points will not be overlooked by the
directors of the Great 'Western Company.

It will also prove beneficial to the London and
North-Western Company. The main line, vi& Bir-
mingham and Rugby, is scarcely adequate to carry
safely at this moment the present enormous and
rapidly increasing traffic. The proposed line would
form a second route to Birmingham and Wolver-
hampton, taking a considerable portion of the goods and
cattle traffic collected in the South Staffordshire mining
district, and relieving the main line to that extent,
and thereby enabling the North-Western Company to
convey its passenger traffic, and the enormously in-
creasing coal traffic from Lancashire to London with
a degree of safety and punctuality which, despite the
indefatigable, energetic,and highly meritorious exer-

tions of the officers of the North-Western Company,
can scarcely be accomplished under existing circum-
stances. It will also be very useful to the Midland
Company, with whose interests the North-Western is
closely connected, if not identified, by enabling that
company to take a large portion of the Bristol, the Glou-
cester, and the Cheltenham passenger traffic, and it will
only require a short junction between the Birmingham
and Gloucester, and the Oxford, Worcester, and Wol-
verhampton to effect it, whereby the distance from Lon-
don to Cheltenham would only be 95 miles, to
Gloucester 104, and even to Bristol only 138.

We have thus briefly pointed out some of the pro•
minent features in this well-devised and judicious
undertaking sufficient to ensure it a safe passage
through Parliament, and, we trust, a completion with
all convenient speed. It is of a character very diffe-
rent indeed from the majority of those brought under
the legislative notice some five or six years since, and
against which such numerous and well-founded com-
plaints were justly preferred.

Among the Benehers of the Inner Temple are now
numbered three of our most distinguished celebrities
in literature—Mr. Warren, Mr. Adolphus, and Mr.
Harlan. The two former were elected on Friday
last, with several other gentlemen, their names ap-
pearing in the following order :—Seven Q.C.'a—Mr.
Mellor, Mr. Warren, Mr. Bramwell, Mr. Atherton,
Mr. Ileadlam, M.P., Mr. Pashley and Mr. Hargreave ;
and Three Stuff Gowns—Mr. Crompton, Mr. Adol-
phu4, and the senior member of the bar, Mr. Har-
rison. Remembering that Mr. Hallam, the historian,
had already been elected a Bencher of the Inner
Temple, it is gratifying to observe among the re-
cipients of the same graceful tribute a writer of
such intelligence as Mr. Adolphus, and an author of
such eminence as Mr. Warren, the former a very
accomplished Mail of letters, and the latter one of the
most conspicuous ornaments of our imaginative
literature.

THE TYROLESE MINSTRELS.—HoIans's celebrated
troupe of Tyrolese Minstrels have been engaged by Mr.
Mitchell, and will make their debtit at the St. James's
Theatre this evening. These celebrated performers of na-
tional music had the honour of performing before her Ma-
jesty, Prince Albert, and the Duchess of Kent at Windsor
Castle on the 21st tilt., and the Royal party expressed their
high approval of the admirable performance of the company.
They have testimonials from the Emperor of Russia and
from almost every Sovereign in Germany.
WANT OF VENTILATION IN THE JUSTICE-ROOM OF
THE MANSION-HOUSE.—It is expected that the Committee of
General Purposes, of which Mr. Knott is the very active and
intelligent chairman, will immediately cause some improve.
ment to be made in the mode of ventilating the Justice-room
of the Mansion. house, which is at present, and has been for a
great length of time, in a deplorable state. Strangers com-
plain of it, but what must be the sufferings of those who are
hourly doing duty there?
KOSSUTH'S DIiINTERESTEDNEss.—We are enabled
(says the Hampshire Independent) to state, as a positive fact,
that Kossuth so entirely disregarded all personal considera-
tions and comfort, that having brought a small fund to Eng-
land for his personal necessities, he has, in consequence of the
disappointment in promised subscriptions in England to the
Kossuth fund, devoted the whole of those resources to the
patriotic objects above alluded to, and left England on
Thursday with literally only 101. in his pocket.

FURTHER REDUCTIONS IN OMNIBUS FARES.--
Yesterday those omnibus proprietors and conveyance compa-
nies who have hitherto been str.,ngly opposed to the public
demand for cheap carriages, were compelled to reduce their
fares, in some instances from sixpence to threepence, and in
others from fourpence to twopence. This reduction mutt
not be attributed to any desire on their parts to benefit the
public, but being apprehensive of meeting with a powerful
opposition from the new cheap cab companies, they consider
it preferable to yield to public opinion with a good grace,
than be driven off the roads. Omnibuses running between

the Elephant and Castle, Newington-butts, and the corner
of the Hackney-road, Shoreditch, a distance of nearly two
miles and three-quarters, carry passengers for twopence
each ; from the Bank to Clapton-gate, and vice versa three-
pence each ; from the terminus of the South-Eastern Railway
to King's-cross threepenee each ; from the Bank to Islington,
King's-cross or Portland•road, and vice versa, threepence.
The Camberwell, Fu).ham, Turnham-green, Hammersmith,
Kensington, and Bayswater omnibuses, have made a consider-
able reduction in their fares, although no opposition exists
on these lines of road. The public has derived a very great
advantage from the reduced fares, as a person can now ride
from Tyburn-gate (the Edgeware-road) and Mile-end-gate
for fivepence, the charge some little time ago being a shil-
ling. He is conveyed in the first instance to the Bank for,
threepence, and from thence in another omnibus to Mile-end
for twopence.

LICENSING-DAY IN THE CITY OF LONDON.-A

special general session, for the purpose of granting licences
to persons being about to keep inns, alehouses, and victual-
ling homes, in the city of London, to Bell eaciseable liquors
by retail to be drunk or consumed on the premises therein
specified, and also to persons being about to keep public bil-
liard tables and bagatelle tables, is appointed to be holden at
the Guildhall of the said city of London, on Saturday, the
13th day of December next, at ten o'clock in the forenoon
precisely.
ROBBERY ON WIMBLEDON COMMON.—The metro-
politan police have received information that on the 22d inst.
there was stolen from tha stables of Charles Freshfield, Esq.,
solicitor to the Bank of England, the following property : A
black cloth sack coat, with pockets at the sides; two silk
pocket handkerchiefs, one marked " T. 8.," and a double-
bottomed silver watch, No. 7,963, with silver guard chain
and gold key attached.
SUPPLY OP COALS TO THE METROPOLITANS.—
.

-- -
Within the last twelve months; in consequence of the faci-
lities afforded by railways for the cheap and speedy transit
of coals from the various parts of the kingdom to the metro-
polis, the inhabitants of London have enjoyed cheap fires as
well as cheap bread. We perceive that the supply is on the
increase, and consequently we look forward to a further re-
duction of price. The Great Western and Forest of Dean
Coal Company has been established to supply the coals of
that locality, which possesses many extensive seams of coal of
first-rate quality. The West, the North, and the Midland
Counties will thus be brought into active competition in
the Lon4lon market, and the public must necessarily reap
the benefit.

MANItIAGII IN HIGH LIFE.. Yesterday furenoon
the marriage of his Serene Highness Prince Edward of Saxe-
Weimar and Lady Augusta Katharine Gordon Lennox,
daughter of his Grace the Duke of Richmond, was celebrated
with unusual eclat at St. George's; Hanover-square, in the
presence of a numerous and distinguished circle of friends.

At the rising of the Central Criminal Court on
Wednesday Lord Campbell gave directions that a sum of
151. sliguld be paid to Earthy, the police-sergeant who was
who was with him, as a reward for their meritorious voluble'
y, a constable
shot byi a robber at Acton, and 5/. to Bayley,
upon the occasion. ,

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris journals of yesterday.
In the Legislative Assembly on Wednesday the dis-
cussion on the Paris to Lyons Railway Bill was brought
to a close for the present, by a credit of 16 millions
being voted to the Government to continue the works
from the Ist of January next. The ioterpellations of
M. CRE➢IIEU% relative to the intention of sending
out to Nouka Hiva the three prisoners condemned at
Lyons to transportation, for a plot against the State,
were then brought forward, and after a short discus-
sion, in the course of which the Ministers of Justice
and the Interior declared that the present was not a
case for indulgence, the order of the day, pure and
simple, was adopted by 417 votes to 235.
I❑ the division it was observed that M. TRIERS
voted with the Republican opposition against the
order of the day, pure and simple.
An order of the day motive presented by M.
CANET to the following effect, " The Assembly, con-
sidering that the right of commutation belongs to
the PRESIDENT of the Republic, passes to the order of
the day," was, it is said, drawn up by M. TRIERS.
The object of this amendment was to throw on the
PRESIDENT of the Republic the sole responsibility of
carrying the very severe sentence passed upon M.
GENT into effect.

Tne members of the Republican opposition met on
Tuesday evening at Lemerdelay's rooms, under the
presidency of M. MICHEL (de Bouges). It was re-
solved that if urgency were demanded for the Bill
fixing the responsibility of the PRESIDENT and Mi-
nisters, the Republicans would support the demand.
Upwards of 150 representatives were present.
On Tuesday evening a grand dinner was given by
the PRESIDENT of the Republic at the Palace of the
Elyse,. to the exhibitors at the London Exhibition,
who had been decorated with the Legion of Honour.
The President of the National Assembly and several
of the Ministers were also present.
A circular of the Minister of the Marine, and another
of the Director of the Customs, prohibits any of the
officers engaged in the Customs service on the coast
from occupying themselves with fishing at sea, or
carrying any nets or fishing apparatus on board their
boats.
The Akhbar of Algiers of the 18th publishes the
following details relative to the recent movements of
the expeditionary column in Kabylia :—" A part of the
confederation of the Guechtoulas, composed of eight
tribes, and having a force of about 3,000 men, had
decided on making their submission after they had
seen their villages burnt. The Beni Kouffis how-
ever, not having followed the example of their
allies, the Governor-General encamped on the
12th inst., and, on the 14th, made an irruption
amongst these Kabyles, and burnt five of their vil-
lages, which led to their immediate submission, and
the payment of their tax. The Maatkas, situated to
the northward of, the Beni Kouffis, followed their
example. After concluding these operations, the
Governor-General was preparing to march against
the Flissas, when a deputation from their tribe came
to the French camp, and begged for forgiveness. A
heavy fine was inflicted on them. It is said the sums
paid by these revolted tribes will more than cover all
the expenses of the expedition. Bou BACH:ILA has
quitted the Beni Mellikeucb, and taken refuge among
the Mchedalas. The most perfect tranquillity pre-
vails to the south of the Jurjuru, in the valley of
the Oued Sahel. The Governor-General was ex-
pected to return to Algiers in a few days."
The Committee on the Bill for the responsibility of
the PRESIDENT of the Republic and other depositories
of public authority has decided—first, by a majo-
rity of 14 to 1, that the violation of the 45th Article
of the Constitution, providing that the PRESIDENT
was not re-eligible, at the expiration of his functions,
was a case of responsibility ; and second, by 12 to 3,
that the provocation to violate the article was another.
The Committee afterwards adjourned.
The trial of the members of the " Committee of
Resistance" was brought to a close on Wednesday
evening. Two were acquitted : one was sentenced
to imprisonment for five years, and 3,000 f. fine; a
second to three years, and 2,000 f.; and the remaining
two to two years, and I,ooof.
The Bourse was animated, and a considerable
amount of business was transacted. The Five per
Cents. opened at 91f. 40c., rose to 91f. 75c., tell
subsequently to 91f. 40c., and closed at 91f. 40c.
for the end of the month ; the Three per Cents.
closed at 56f. 40c. ; Orleans Railroad Shares, 480 i
Rouen, 577 f. 50c.; Havre, 2121. 50c.; Great Northern
467 f. 50c.; Avignon, 210 f.; Vierzon, 440 f.; Basle, 153 f
75c.; Paris and Strasburg, 370 f. ; Tours and Nantes
206 f.; Amiens to Boulogne, 265 f.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE

LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, Nov. 27.
Central of France (Orleans and Vierzon), 171,4:—Dutch
Rhenish, 3% —Paris and Orleans, 34,A—Paris and Rouen,
2314—Sambre and Meuse, 31,4.