The Sun.
London, England, 1856-07-10 00:00:00

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- The " hero of " was last night the honoured
guest of the Lord .Mayor at a grand banquet given at
the Mansion House, at which wereilso present several
of the most distinguished officers,. naval and military,
who had taken part in the late war. The, hospitable
doors of the Mansion House hive seldom been thrown
open for the reception of a more-brilliant company than
that which assembled. in the Egyptian Hall on this in-
teresting occasion ;,fOr besides the principal guest, whose
gallant deeds and those of his brave
rcompanions in arms
Teesdale,. Churchill, Sanclwithi and. Thompson
—are now familiar to every Englishman,
.we noticed his
Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge.(ittended by
Col. Tyrwhitt, Equerry in Waiting),-Gen. Lord Rokeby,
General Sir John Fox Burgoyne,Viscount Gough„Vict-
Admiral Sir. George Seymour, Adriiiral Sir W. Carroll,
Vice Admiral Sir C. Napier, M.P.-, Lieut. General Sir.
Richard England, Major G4neral the 'Hon. Sir EdWard
Oust, Major•General,Sir H.J 'Bentinck, Lient. General
Sir Cohn Campbell,
.Major General the. Hon. C. .Yorke
Scarlet; Major- General Sir-Harry Jones, Major General
Sir Richard James Dacres, Col. Lake, -Col, Teesdale,
Dr. Sandwith, Mr. Churchill. '

Viscount Hardinge and Si; R. Airey were prevented
by indisposition from being-present.
Grace having beim sung,_and the hiving cup passed
round the tables,

. .
The LORD MAYOR rose and gave
_:.4The' Health of her
Most Gracious Majesty: the -Queen,'''and the toast was
draw( with three times three, and much applause. •
The LORD IiA,YOR then
_proposed "The Health of
Prince Albert, Albert Prince of Wales, the Duke of
Cambridge, and the other Members of • the Royal
Family." (Loud cheers )
• The Duke of Cambridge returned thanks, and said be
felt highly gratified in-being. Rresent on that occasion,
for, he was one of those Who-were ever happy to do hon-
our to any gallant coiniades'w-ho had diStinguislied them-
sefves.in the service, of their country. (Hear,. hear.) Of
course it, was not far hire to reTer at any length to the
services of-his gisllint: friend cGeneral- Williams, inas-
• Much as -his gallant'friend was the =especial gliest of the
Lord Mayor. :He.; should' be.excused for saying, how-
ever, that there was no one: more than himself' rejoiced
at the distinction which his gallant friend had acquired,
or was more delighted at seeing the services he had fen-
deied• so fully appreciated and honourably' rewarded.
(Loud cheers.) In making-that observation ho was sure
be Spoke not only .on his own part, hut on the part of
all his gallant comraded in the ariny, so many of whom
he was happy to 'see in that room. There were men to
whom fortune gairegreat opportunities, and who had the
talent and genius to 'seiie those opportunities, for making
' theinJelves a reputation, alike honourable, to themselves
and theii.cduntry, Such a man was General •Williams,
and so far fionifegarding him with feelings of envy or
jealousy, he was satisfied that the army were proud and
delighted to 'do 'him' bonen:4. (Loud cheers.)'
The. LORD MAYOR: then gave The Army and Navy,"
eoupling ..with the former -service the name of • Lord
Gough, the hero of Chillianwallan, and with the latter
that of Yice-Admira Sir George Seymour.
The toast was drunk with mush applause, and
Lord GOUGH And-Admiral SEYMOUR returned thanks.
The LORD MAYOR then called for a bumper toast to
the health of his honoured guest, Sir William Fenwick
Williams, the hero of Karl, whose struggles to maintain
the reputation of his country, and whose high qualities
if loyalty, constancy, fortitude, and patient endurance,
in a distant country, amongst strangers, in the face of a
numerous and well-trained enemy, and the most difficult
and adverse circumstances, it was scarcely possible to
equal, and certainly not to surpass. (Enthusiastic
cheering.) It was his pleasure 'to lave as his guests
hose brave companions of General Williams,' Colonel
Like, Colonel Teesdale, Mr. Churchill, and Dr. Sand-
wich ; and in asking the company to drink to the health
of General•Williams,.he was sure they would not forget
the names of those gallant men, . (Cheers.)
The toast was drunk with three tunes three, and loud
and protracted plaudits. . • •
General WILLIAMS (who on rising was greeted with
loud.and prolonged cheers) raid : 'ln returning think!

•
for the ho,nour you have done me, you will pardon me if
fail to do so in a suitable manner—(bear, bear)—for

ioupled with.the kind expressions of your lordship in
fßoposing the toast, his Royal Highness the Duke of
Cambridge has used words which I shall never forget—
vords which conveyed not only the opinion of himself,
hut of that of many most distinguished generals whom I
nave now the honour of seeing at your lordebip's hospit-
able board. (Rear, he•ar). • And this 'is an honour so
far above my. merits, and so far beyond the 'brightest
and most flattering of my hopes, that I assure you I am
Itterly at is loss to eXpress in adequate terms the sense I

-nterta'n of that hoeour.- (Cheer.)', My rnititary ca-
reer c tminenced by my' being etitibned at GPeal ar.
From Gibraltar I visited inpagst other places Xerifa ;
.tut whin I read the motto— ' *.. •
" Hurrah for brave G-mgh"
;nscribed on the stones and bricks which fill up the
,reach Made in the fortifications -there by the French, I
ittle dreamt that I should live to see the day when I
.hould stand in his presence and hear my name pro-
p .sed in a toast from your lordship's chair to so illus-
rioue an assembly as I now gee around me, and that
nw° general amongst them. (Loud cheers.) Your
lordship has associated with my name on this occasion
the names of those gallant officers who were my corn-
oanions in the war in Asia—Lake, Teesdale, Churchill,
and my friend Dr. Sandwite—(c;ieere)--and I assure
you that nothing can exceed the gratification I feel at
sour having done so. (Hear, bear.) But let me here,
for the first time since I have been in England, mention
48 worthy of all admiration, the names of those two
very gallant Hungarians General Kmety and
General Kohlroar. (Loud - and prolonged cheers.)
His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge and
many other officers now present have witnessed the
eracioue, the condescending, and the gratifying man-
ner in which her Majesty the Queen has been pleased
to receive me, not only on one, but on several oeca-
-ions, and this is a distinction which next to the honour
which a military man must prize above all others, I
nost highly value. (Cheers.) Let me here say a word
.r two respecting those brave Turks who in the siege of
Kars stood with us, worked with us, watched with us,
And fought with us, and who constituted the army
which I had the honour to Caminera My lord, I be-
lieve there is no better stuff or material to be fotind in
,he world for making an army 'than that which we
found in Turkey. The 'army of Karel were penniless—
hat is to "say they had nut been paid for three years ;
and you can easily conceive for yourselves what would
be the condition of any body of troops placed in such
circumstances. But those gallant men, penniless as they
were, and starved and naked ae they were, stood in the
breach seven mortal hours, and kept the finest army in
the service of Russia completely at bay ; and it was not
until two months afterwards that, still starving, and still
naked, they surrendered, and then marched out with all
the honours of war. (Prolonged cheering.) My 1 ,rd,
I feel that I could not sit down with a clear conscience
unless I made mention of their enduring courage and
.;heir nimble conduct; (Cheers) They belong to a nation
for which we have fought, bled, and spent much trea-
sure ; and I have no doubt you_will concur with ma in
the opinion that with such excellent qualities as I have
described, if we have only the patience to put them in
the right way, this people will not fail to show them-
selves worthy of the interest we have taken in them, and
the efforts we have put forth to support the integrity
and independence of the Turkish empire. (Hear, -
bear.) The Lord Mayor has alluded to my having been 11
this day elected to a seat in the House of Commons. )
When addressing my constituentsf referred to the
gallant army which has ju-t returned covered with
glory to our -shores, and -I asked them if they
thought I' should 'be doing my duty as their member.
by advocating' the continued efficiency of that army,
and and they one and all declared that I should.
(Cheers.) I now appear in another character, that
of burgess of this vast and wealthy, city, and the ap-
peal I addressed to my constituents tt!Calne I am sure I
may repeat to my brother burgesses here with the cer-
tainty of receiving the same response, and that they will
unhesitatingly approve of my deterchination to do the
utmost in my power to maintain our army in its present
excellent state of discipline and efficiency. (Cheers.)
The Loan MAYOR next proposed "Her Majesty's
Ministers, and the health of Lord Panmure." (Cheers.)
Lord PANMURE returned thanks..
The' LORD MAYOR then. asked the company to pay a
tribute of respect and admiration to the gallant army
which had juste returned from the East, by drinking
"The health of the Officers present who bad served with
tbat Army in the Crimea,' enumerating his • Royal
Highness the Diike of Cambridge, Lord Rokeby, Gen.
Burgoyne, Gen. Sir .R. England, Sir Colin Campbell,
Sir G.. Scarlett, and Sir, R. Dacres. (Loud cheers.)
General Sir J. 'BM:MOYNE briefly acknowledged the
compliment. . •
The Duke of ARGYLL gave "The health of the Lord
Mayor "
His LORDSHIP returned thanks ; and concluded by
proposing, as the next toast, " The House of Lords,
and the health of the Dake of Newcastle," and "The
House of Comthons, and the health of Sir James
Graham." (Cheers.) •
The Duke of NEWCASTLE and Sir j. GRAHAM re-
spectfully returned -thanks.
The LORD MAYOR proposed "The Members for. the
City of London, and the health of. Lord John Russell."
(Cheers.)
Lord J. RUSSELL responded to the toast. --
The Duke of 'CAMBRIDGE then give "The health of
the Lady' Mayoress," which having been acknowledged
by the Lord Mayor,
The company immediately afterwards separated.

EVACUATION OF KERTCII.—A private letter received
by a mercantile house in the city from Captain Thomp-
son, of the steam ship Pacific, which arrived at Malta
the 29th ult., with 70€) men of 71st Highlanders from
Kerteb, gives an interesting account of the delivery of
that togn by the English to the Russians. The latter
troops marched-in on the 223, relieved the English sen-
tries, and most cordially. .fraternised with them, went
through the ceremeny of crossing colours, shook hands,
and evinced a hearty goodwill towards their late enemies
with some genercus expression of feeling accompanied
with Crimean champagne. The Russia❑ band accom-
panied tho English troops to tke point of embarkation,

I .
Thdopposite taste of England and France have
' given a corresponding tenour to their respective
labours experience, and fortunes. While, in spite
of revolutionS arid disturbances, shaken dynasties,
'end -shattered: Governments, Franca has still re-
membered the art to which she owes so much re-
nown;---while, in the midst of peace -she has con-
tinued to study the' principles and -elaborate the
resources of war—while she has accustomed-each
of her great cities to the pomp and excitement of
the camp, and trained the youth Of her people in
the recurring lessons of military discipline and mili-
tary combination, England has been prosecuting
her own studies on fields of more congenial adven-
ture. While France has never ceased to prepare
• for the day.when she should revive the martial
splendours of the Empire, England contented her-
self with battling against the doctrines of a commer-
cial theory which sloe felt to be strangling her ener-
gies and hampering her progress. Protection was the
Austria and Prussia of herdomestic campaigns. The
Corn Laws were her-Austerlitz; the otherprotective
duties her Jena. Engaged in this conflict, she
averted her gazes and her thoughts 'from those
more dazzling and imposing objects to. which
France deverted herself, and the result is to both
what both might have expected._ When a war,
not of theories but of rude material force, breal:s
out, England, roused from the quietude of 40 years,
. finds herself atfirst unequal to the duties of a new
position, suffers in her materiel, suffersin her mili-
tary rqutation, until 13he brings her ftill•energies
to bear upon an organisation Which she • had too
long neglected. Francein war finds only the prac-
tical application Of studies to which she has long
been _devoted. A campaign:is, in the majority of
its incidents, a repetition of the life in the canton-
ments and garrisons of home. But, war ended,
when she 'recurs to tier industrial labours, and seeks
to find new' fields for her commercial, energies, 'she
has to contend 'with the same difficulties that
menaced us, to learn the lesson which we have long
since conned, . and to win the victories which we
athieved years ago.
At this moment France is repeating our old con-
flict of Free Trade and Protection. All that by
yearly and monthly discussions was hammered into
the English mind, until the whole Stock of com-
monplace arguments on either side was as familiar
to every average. Englishmen as
,his relations or
his creditors; they have now' to . handsel. The
:French are a quick people, _but the keenest wit
•and the clearest vision are blunted by the fogs of
mistaken self-interest. Judging, then, by our own
experience, we may suppose that they will con-
tinue to hear *and repeat among themselves for the
next eighteen months those formulas of belief
which ten years ago flaunted on the banners of the
Bond-street Association and agricultural gather-
inas :—" Protection to native industry,"—" No
, b •

foreign competition,"—" Charity beginsA home,"
—" Our own interests before thdse of our neigh-
bours,"—" France needs not the 'productions of
foreign States ; she is sufficient for herself,"
are. Such for months •to come, we may infer
from our own experience, will be the shibbo-
leths of French Protectionists. The only dif-
ference bet Ween their English prototypes and
them will be that, as the former represented the
territorial jealousies, the latter impersonate the
manufacturing fears. But we do nut observe that
this makes any difference either in the vehemence
or the reasonableness of their clamours. - Mutato
Nomine, all else is the same. The manufacturing
is in no degree superior to the agricultural mind;
and if the Emperor proceeds—as some persons ex-
pect that he will proceed—resolutely in the direc-
tion of Free Trade, we may make up our minds to
hear or read numerous and hearty declarations that
"the sun of France will set for ever"—" the glory
of the empire will ,depart "—"-the descendants of
the heroes of Marengo and AuSteilitz will sink into
slavery, from the moment that Freneh housewives
buy useful and durable crockery or hardware of
foreign make for
,about half the menu- that they
are now forced 'to give for knives that won't cut
and plates and caps-that are always falling by their
own gravity, and, never fall without breaking in
pieces. _

- All this we. hive onrselves gone through. We
know' the worth of 'these predictions to the last
penny ; and, if it will be of the slightest use to
our French friends, we will make them a present of
our own experience. .We need 'hardly repeat the
terrible prophecies that were prempted by the
coming repeal of our Corn Laws. Who does not
recollect the land that was to go out of cultiva-
tion,—the unfilled acres which were to be the
grave andlnatinument of a once happy but now
famished peasantry,—the decklence .of Pour most
illustrious families,—the extinction of the species
" country gentleman," with the exception of a few
who...were to be .preserved in some favour ed dis-
trict 4, like the dodo at the Mauritius or the mega-
theribm at the Crystal l'alaoe,--the absorption of
such labourers as were not starved, or who did
not eat
,one another bodily,
.into cotton twist,
jennies • nd•steam-engines —to say nothing of that
sun which was always going to set, and that glory
which was alwa:y4 going to fade ? Well, all this
and•a great deal more was propliesied. And what
is the upshot of it all ? Not a single acre has
gone out of cultivation. The price of corn—not
during a year or two of the war, but the average
price during four or five years—has risen concur-
rently with the growth of population, the exten-
sion of trade, and the importation of foreign grain ;
the value of landed property, so far from falling,
has also risen ; and with all these there is an im-
provement- in the condition of the agricultural
labourer throughout four-fifths of the counties
of England. More than this, that which is true of
England is remarkably and strikingly true of Ire-
land. There the landed interest is enjoying an
equable and diffused prosperity such as it had not
known for half a century of protection ; and the
improvement in the condition of the Irish labourer
is shown by the Poor Law and emigration returns
which we have recently cited.
But land was not the only interest which en-
joyed or which lost protection with us. Sir R.

Peel laid the same hands which despoiled corn of its
" protection " on no leis than 510 other articles.
Despite the interested protest of s )me manufac-
turers or prodimers, he applied the same prin-
ciples which had abrogated the Corn Laws to sugar,
leather, glass, hides, cattle, fish, and silk. And
what has been the result ? The general interests of
the country have derived immense benefit from the
c'iange, and the industry which protective laws
fixed iu certain grooves has flowed out into new and
numerous channels of productiveness.
We do not know whether our French friends will
take heart from our example. Abstract reasoning
has, as we know, but little influence on the actions
of men and nations. It was not abstract reasoning
alone that carried the repeal of the Corn Laws iu
our country, but the active and energetic combina-
tion of men whose interests Ive,:e thwarted
and passions irritated by their continuance.
In the same way France will owe any re-
laxation of her protective system not to
essays and_ speeches so much as to the combined
action and intelligence of men whose capi.al, in-
dustry,
and hopes are embarked in those large
commercial enterprises which involve her material
prosperity. When all who are engaged in the silk
manufactures of Lyons or the wine manufacture of
Bu, gundy and the Gironde feel that commerce is a
thing of mutuality—that it cannot be one-sided—
that a country cannot export without importing,
and that every single sou which is paid for a bad
article made at home rather than for a good article
made abroad is really two sous taken from the
means of the country—then, and then only, shall
we begin to hope that the combination of iron-
founders and cutlers and cotton workers will not
succeed in fiximr. upon France a burden which we
have shaken off, and hindering a development of
resources of which she is probably as yet ignorant
herself.

(From, the Daily News of this day.)

Interesting as all the phases of American politics
are to Englishmen, our first attention is naturally
given to the contest for the Presidentship. On the
choice of the next President hangs the question of
peace or war between the United States, and
various foreign countries—England being among
the foremost on the list. Not that we believe that
any possible President—we might say any Ameri-
can citizen—would directly and sincerely go into
a war with England ; but one at least of the can-
didates in the field is pledged to a policy which
would render war almost- unavoidable. While;
therefore, it is understood that other changes, and
many of them, may take place before the election
in November, we observe with strong satisfaction
that the-Republican party is showing such vigour,
spirit, and resolution as to afford a good prospect
of the return of its candidate—Col. Fremont. Mr.
Buchanan's party were confident of their ability
to decide the matter their own way, because they
could have done so last year ; but, as an eminent
American lawyer once said, there is nothing so
diaicult to foresee as the near future of American

."1,1,04.1 .

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