The Sun.
London, England, 1834-07-04 00:00:00

LITERATURE.

71.8
WESTMINSTER REVIEW. Simpkin and
Marshall.
This Periodical, though excellent in its kind, is so heavy
'la weighed down with a load of law and legislative
critiques, that were we believers in the transmigration of
71118, we should have some suspicions of the spirit of old
ere, himself being at work about it. At all events, it
not improved in buoyancy since the decease of that
"n able, but as often unintelligible, jurist.
%The Present number opens with a good article on " Ben-
ba'a's Deontology," the best of all his works ; perhaps the
est work on the science of morality (for so Bentham terms
II!re ever Published. From the days of St. Augustin, we
had codes upon codes, determining and explaining the
knridaal and social relations of man ; but they were all so
e:ied UP and amalgamated with creeds, confessions, and
oic'esiastical institutions, as to contain no broad principle
Universal application, but that which is contained in the
precept of the Redeemer, " Do unto others as ye would
they should do unto you." In all things else, country,
:11ditien in life, individual and social relations were to be
studied ; and when all was done, in stept the doctrine of
ecihrelnstances, and reduced the whole to their original
a°. s• There was then but the one rule ; and the mischief
t
,„„ Was, that great misconceptions, and sometimes evils,
'ruin mistaking the fact, that it was delivered to an
4variei
ju,, °as, worldly-minded people, who imagined they were
',o'"aed in over-reachinc, all others not of their religious
I,4,lllllluniun. To illustrate this, let us suppose that a man
04,,Tad enough to wish that an injury might be inflicted
e himself, surely that would be no justification for his
en
an equal amount of wrong upon his neighbours.
heaping is a man, who wishes others to injure themselves
h;eaPing benefits upon him, thereby obliged to wrong
self or his family, to realize his wishes in the persons of
1,4 individuals from whom lie would receive such favours.
e keeept, therefore, rather belonged to negative than to
goodness ; nor was it until the appearance of Ben-
;74 " Morals and Legislation," that the world was
aared with a view of the positive duties of social life.
tbi
ety writer before us has handled the subject with great t.
1,4,1 e
van Diemen's Land," is a paper which will be readm
Lively interest. The appearance of a monthly maga-
" in Hobart's Town, will astonish all who were ac-
:ljuaiated with .the condition of Australia twenty years
fro We cannot resist the inclination to quote a passage
41,41 the pen of Dr. Ross, pourtraying the consequences of
erity in the punishment of convicts
lo The more severely the wretched convict is punished, and the
It'er he is confined, the more necessary does it become to confine
h'eal still longer ; for every day makes him more and more unfit to
4,l4et_ atlarge ; the less like Vis he rendered to reform and become
tie:est member of society. We bring ourselves into a distressing
Ithile/aa by arriving at this conclusion. Is it then the case, that
Nee We have been endeavouring to punish offenders, and to check
1441' we have been actually strengthening and extending the
ative 3 °tits propagation We fear the answer must be in the affirm-
tatlt' -In all parts of the world, wherever punishments have been
dark severe, there crimes have been most numerous and of the
meotiliest stain. At Macquarie Harbour, where the discipline of the
bier, telt Was of a very severe kind, instances have occurred which
to I are actually committed murder with no other intention than
jn ;le brought up to Hobart Town for trial, and to be executed !
d1)!Ison called the Bagne, at Toulon, where the restraints and
ilt-rt:_vations are described as still more terrible, murders, or attempts
the ,surder, with a similar object in view, occur almost weekly. Yet
rerable convict, on the very eve of his dreadful deed, will joke
de 411, and dance and sing, though loaded with chains, as if in-
tiss „tat to his wretched, his hopeless, state. Does his spirit, thn,
hzeve his fate, that he seems thus joyous in misery ? Alas ! o :
xis e,ao.spirit to be sensible of joy as it exists in the natural breast.
of deoollitiou is but the empty froth produced from the very dregs
hiss*" 'neat. Neither his joke, nor his laugh, nor his dance, nor
, bears the smallest resemblance to that of innocent life. It
thanY ound, a mere anmal expression, more void of feeling
e Low
saf the ox, or the roar of the hungry hon. '
The review contains several other articles all possessing
;311kuerable merit, as " The Church Monopoly," " Law
" Dal Pozzo's happiness of Italy," and the
Cult:lase Empire and Trade." We can only find room
k a short extract from the journal of Mr. Gutzloff,
tPe4ing," says the review, " of the country near the
clebrated emporium of Amay."
buZe Constant emigration of the male part of the people contri-
leorr'erY much to the destruction of domestic happiness. It is a
Ithat it is
""4, custom among them to drown a large proportion of the new-
there female children. This unnatural custom is so common among
perpetrated without any feeling,
.and even in a laugh-
; and to ask a man of any distinction whether he has
tor'th'ers, is a mark of great rudeness. Neither the government
„Ist° e moral sayings of their sages have put a stop to this nefarious
tlis,„0:11. The father has authority over the lives of his children, and
gr4t.:B of them according to his pleasure. The boys enjoy the
of ther Share of paternal affection. Their birth is considered one
ehelie, greatest and most fortunate events in a family. They are
the ued and indulged to a higher degree ; and, if the father dies,
i
assumes a certain authority over his mother. There s also
to on a regular traffic in females. These facts are as revolting
'aroauity as disgusting to detail."
4Arr,
hs'YCL ORZEDIA OF GARDENING. GAR-
PER'S ENCYCLOP2EDIA. Longman 6,- Co.
"l'au we say that these two works, of which, like
th'suand and wife, we have made " one flesh," are under
e elPress superintendence of Mr. Loudon, we feel sa-
ored that we have said all that is to be said in the way
„I'acommendation, They are, in truth, works of a very
Liftable, practical character.

TER IRISH MONTHLY MAGAZINE.
The great defect in all Irish periodicals intended to out-
ve the a
`4l, is a want of idiomatic nationality; and this
strikingl 3'Y
manifest in the magazine now before us, This
"elect
of more injury to the literature of Ireland than
tile Publishers seem to be at all aware of. If we were
oo
kiked how it happens that magazines spring up like mush-
r
th 8 in Scotland—that Edinburgh vies with London in
em number of its publications, taking into account the re-
lative numbers that comprise the reading public in both
writscities,
we
should say the Scotch never forget that they are
of, and for themselves ; and therefore they are sup-
,'7d by all who wish to acquire a knowledge of their
:e4harities, customs, and dialect. Were the Irish to adopt
111,ilar triode of writing in their magazines ; were the
Iv titles shorter, more redolent of wit and humour ; were
oe to see the fine clear bead rising on the head of a horn
r
Potheen, bright, and sparkling like a floating diamond,
wusiling from the still-eye in a mountain glen ! then would
em
ilail Dublin as another centre of civilization, and its
-°llthlies" as ambassadors sent to apprize us of the joyful
intelligence.
,rhßut to leave generals, and come to the matter in hand.
ye e 'lumber for the present month opens with an able, but
tjr,;tY Partial article on the debate for the Repeal of the
fro having neither beginning nor end, as it is continued
10:-" a former number, and may go on yet, God knows how
de d ,The " Hawthorn of Velico" is not to our taste. In-
.,Bcal tne very sight of the measure is too much for us. The
of the Tithes" is a racy sketch, full of real Irish
1\11.41r, and in a style after our liking. The legend of the
imream of Gold" we remember having heard before, with
thetce slight variations. Wu are sorry that we cannot give
Whole of it.
llis‘d2llte night Peter Darrig was in bed (and he never to the day of
saw to would tell whether he was asleep or awake), when he
Vithe'rr_,eeP tip the ladder to the loft where he was sleeping, a
bndger'u old man ; the beard of the old man was as grey as
thin and his nose was nearly as long as a woodcock's, and he had
turkePlndle shanks under him that did not appear thicker than a
c)ver V' and his wig, which was long, black, and uncurled, fell
v
tell '5 breast and shoulders ; his coat and waistcoat he could notp
ilat as 40 our they were of, they were dripping wet, and there
bitter seeing his breeches, the flaps of his coat were too long.
of
ILe mark that his hands were as black as soot, and he held a
irkedthe , right.
stid
Ma Darrig, you're mighty welcome to my old house,'
Nter.o 4* 7
roorther! murther ! are you the old miser ?' asked
e.
pil tongue wouldn't be the slightest harm to you,' re-
to plied he e
fl'art ; bad cess to your school-master, you ought
bin, for swindling if that is all ttie manners he taught
Tisil a rnan who saved Money, a miser.
high% ,7g your honour's pardon,' said Peter, trembling with the
ut aren't you the old vagabond that was drownedhtio. And all by
reasou
olTteield was, Peter Darrig, as clean as a w isr
take the e gold you were wishing for. But, Pete f ityou don't
again, ourneY from me, I will soon have to be
of it, on
one condiutrilotnul a. Peter, I will give you every shilling work
And what is that?'
toe da that you will, when you die, have to do that which you see
tc
have ;11 PUr man,' said Peter, jumping out of bed. If all
do for being rich while I am alive, is walking about with
at oileey On me when I am dead, I'll clench the bargain with you
are t~YhY then, Peter, your saying that just makes me think you
lte,..rue as big a fool as I took you for, and fit only to eat
you
will But come, be after catching one tail of my wig, and
",pet:u see the treasures that I spent my life in gathering.'
fan a blerkthd• as he was desired, and the instant he had the old
t large :e wig in his fist, he found they were transported into
There was no light except the broad gleams of
the nioonavtel;at Poured in through the top so as to illuminate the
entire plac'e.
ci:` Peter looked around him—there was in one place gold and
goi_',7aeandleticks heaped together—in another there were cups of
theu_
rays tightof diamonds in them that glistened like stars, and sent
again, the; moon flashing into all corners of the cave—there
' here was a wall of silver dollars, that was raised from the

floor to the very roof ; but what Peter most of all wondered at,
was to see that the floor in every part, except where he stood, was
covered over with gold, while, in iron chain cages that were six and
seven feet high, the gold was stored up, and crammed together as
close as it could be packed.
" ' What an honest decent miser you would be,' said Peter, his
eyes dazzling with delight as he looked on the riches he saw
around him, ' what a real good natured ugly old fellow you
would be, if you gave me all this.'
" ' It is all yours, Peter, upon one condition—that when you
die, you will have to do as I am now doomed to do, for all eternity.'
" ' And what is that, my comfortable old chap?' asked Peter.
" Scarcely had Peter time to ask the question, when there was a
loud sound all through the cavern, and a voice roared out One—
begin.' Peter looked at the old man, and saw his limbs trembling
with fright. He saw that he was standing on a heap of gold—its
yellow colour darkened, blackened, then fizzed beneath his feet,
and at last it became glowing hot. The old man raised one foot,
then another—they did not burn, but the heat that was in the gold
had reached them, and they looked transparent from the fire, as
your closed fingers will do if you hold them between your eyes and
a lighted candle !
(4 I must drink,' said the old man hastily, ' I must drink to cool

me.'
" Peter saw him take up one of the gorgeous goblets he had be-
fore admired. The instant the old man's fingers touched it, it
trickled down in burning drops upon his clothes, and they smoked,
and changed colour as if vitriol were poured upon them. The old
man grasped another—it melted away. He caught a third ;it
had less of gold in its composition than the others—it appeared to
be of glass, and was clear as water in his hand. The old man saw
that the dollars had sunk down into bright stream, over which a
thick steam was gathering—the cup was dipped into it, and Peter
could perceive it was hot as boiling lead—the old man drank off the
fiery draught—it added to his agonies—his body was becoming of
the same colour with his legs, and still the miser drank deeper of
the silver. Each moment added to the fierceness of the heat, and
the intensity of his agonies. At length from repeated draughts he
seemed to become drunk with torture—he fell prostrate on the
burning gold, and the moment he did so the iron nets, in which the
heaps o gold were pent up, burst by their heat, and they covered
up, as they fell, the body of the old man. A shriek of maniacal
pain came from the wretch. Peter could perceive through the red
heat of the gold, the still greater heat of the old man's body, which
was now a dead white from the extreme force of the fire which
seemed to be collected in it. From the midst of the fire he heard
the old man saying to him, ' Peter, all this wealth you can have,
on condition that you suffer for eternity that which is the lot of the
miser.' "

THE MARKETS.-(THIS DAY.)

CORN EXCHANGE.

The arrivals of all kinds of Grain this week are plentiful, and
the return of Flour fair. The Wheat trade remains very dull, at
Monday's currency. Barley, Peas, and Beans unwaried. Oats,though
plentiful, cannot be reported any lower. Flour a heavy sale
ARRIVALS.
Wheat. Barley.
5,820 qrs I,ISO qrs.
790
1,550

English
Irish .
Foreign

Oats.
17, &41 qrs.

4,900
16,380

Flffitr.
3,9.:0 sacks.

GENERAL AVERAGE PRICES OF BRITISH CORN,
For the Week ended June 27, 1834, made up from the Returns of the
Inspectors in the different Cities and Towns in England and Wales, per
Imperial Quarter.
Wheat 49s rd. I Oats
Barley.. 2.9 s Od. Rye
IMPERIAL AGGREGATE AVERAGES OF THE SIX WEEKS
PRECEDING.
-- •- -

vvv~
Wheat 47s. 10d. Oats
I I
Barley 26s 6d, Rye

DITTIES ON FOREIGN CORN.
Wheat :l9s. 8d I Oats
Barley 19s. 10d I Rye ...... 19s 9d. I l'ease

SMITHFIELD MARKET.

This day's supply of Beasts, Sheep, Lambs, and Calves, was mo-
derately good; of Porkers but limited. The trade with prime
Beef was somewhat brisk, at an advance of about 2d. per stone ;
with Mutton, Lamb, Veal, and Pork, dull, at Monday's prices.
Mulch Cows, which were numerous, experienced a very sluggish
sale, at barely their last week's prices, viz. useful short-horns,
with their small calf, from 15/. to 19/. each.

PRICES PER STONE OF SLB., TO SINE THE OFFALS.
s. d. to s. d. s d. to s. d
Inferior 8ea5t5....... ...... 2 2 2 4 Inferior Sheep 2 2 2 4
Second quality ditto 2 6 3 0 Second quality ditto. '3 2 3 4
Prime large Oxen '3 8 4 0 Coarse-woolled ditto 3 6 3 8
Prime Scots, tk,c
Large coar e Calves 2 8 310 Large Hogs
Prime small ditto 4 2 4 6 Small Porkers 3 4 3 8
Suckling Calves each'...l 2 0 26 , Quarter old Pigs each; 12 0 18 11
Lambs 3s. led to ss. id per stone
SUPPLY, AS PER CLERK'S STATEMENT.
Beasts. 1 Sheep and Lambs 1 Calves.: Pigs.
528 10,370 440 315

DENHALL MARKETS.
ry the Carcass.

NEWOATE AND LEA.
At per stone, I
s. d.tos d. s d. to s d
Beef, inferior 2 2 2 4 Mutton, inferior .... ..... '2 4 2 6
- middling 2 8 3 0 middling 3 0 3 4
-- prime large 3 4 3 8 prime 3 6 310
-- prime small 3 8 310 Pork, large 2 2 3 0
Veal
Lamb 4s. 2d. to ss. 2d.

COLONIAL MARKETS.—(THIS DAY.)
BRITISH PLANTATION SUGAR.—The market continues in a
firm state, and notwithstanding little business being entered into,
still the quotations are well maintained, particularly for fine Sugars
Near '2,500 hhds. were disposed of privately, and 158 hhds. Barba-
does by public sale, from 575. 6d. to 595. 6d., being full prices.
For home use the deliveries are about the same as last year. There
is a falling off in the imports of 9,000 hhds., and the stock is less by
about 2,000 hhds.
EAST INDIA SUGAR.—Last Friday 2,636 bags of Mauritius
fetched 495. to 575., for good brown to fine yellow ; on Tuesday
5,330 bags more were put up, but were withdrawn after a few of
the first lots were scratched, at Is. higher than the current price.
The East India Company's Sale consisting of 6,300 bags Bengal,
realized an advance of 6d., from 255. 6d. to 30s. for low to good
white.

FOREIGN SUGAR.-On Friday last on public sale, of 449 boxes
white, 549 boxes yellow Havannah, and 21 chests yellow Rio-the
former fetched 30s. 6d. to 315., for good strong; the yellows from
245. 6d. to 265., for low to good, being full prices for the latter.
The Rios brought 225. 6d. to 235. 160 boxes yellow Havanpahs
were sold privately at 255. to 255. 6d., and two cargoes of Havannah
afloat, with 2,400 boxes yellow, at 265., and 300 white at 305., both
for Antwerp.
REFINED SUGAR.-31s. 6d. is offered for fine crashed, but the
refiners hold back, and ask 325., at which quotation some lots were
disposed of. There is no variation in grocery sorts.
COFFEE.-British Plantation Jamaica and Berbica are from 2s.
to 4s. higher. The inferior are, however, 3s. lower, but slightly
improved yesterday, and now are but ls. lower. Between 1,300
and 1,400 casks, barrels and bags of Jamaica, St. Lucia, Dominica,
&c., were sold. Good and fine Jamaica fetched 90s. to 105 s. 6d.,
middling to good Berbice 80s. to Ms. ; good to fine ordinary 68s.
to 675., and fine ordinary and low middling St. Lucia, 71s. to
725. 6d. ; middling Demerara, 78s. to 85s. ; good and fine ordi-
nary, 60s. to 70s. There is a dull market for foreign and East India.
Rum.-There is a pretty good demand for Rum, with rather
brisker business, at good prices. Proof Leewards are withdrawn
at 2s.
RICE.-Of Bengal 1,400 bags were brought forward, and went
off rather briskly, at from 10s. 6d. to 13s. for low to good white.
SPICES.-The call for pepper has somewhat declined, and little
has been done privately. 2;800 bags were offered, of which near
2,000 bags were disposed of ; ord. Sumatra, very dusty, at 3d.
mid. half heavy Malabar, 31. d. to 33/4d.; and fine heavy (shot
kind) 33/4d. to 3%d. Cassia and Green is ls. to 2s. per cwt.
higher this week.
TORACCO.-The business in Virginia, throughout the past
month, for the export qualities, has not been to a great extent,
having been chiefly for small portions for immediate consumption,
for Marseilles, Genoa, Leghorn, Bremen, Holland, and Norway ;
and had the quotations been depressed, orders to a great amount
might have been executed, particularly to the former destinations ;
but the stock being so very small of leaf, particularly in those de-
scriptions suitable for the trade alluded to, for the purpose of
segars, and the recent advices from America, bringing intelligence
of the decrease in the crop in comparison with that of last year,
added to the advanced quotations there, has made the holders
keep back, and, in a few cases, higher quotations have been ob-
tained, chiefly, however, for the best descriptions. The pur-
chases for the former ports were for mid. light leafy dry Tobacco,
part tainted, at 41% to 4%; and for the North, of ord. and part
heated, at 31A to 3%; mid. dark Tobacco at 41% to 41/2, and for
good sd. to 5%. The holders seem sanguine that from the small-
ness of the stock of good useful qualities, that the present price
will be maintained, if not a more advanced one.
INDIGO.-The sale of the East India Company's Indigo now
amounts to 5,100 chests, after which 3,700 are to be put upon the
same plan as the Company. The amount of the whole sale, it is
thought, will be about 10,000 chests.
LAC DYE.-There is a pretty fair demand for home consump-
tion and exportation ; and for mid. qualities the prices have rather
improved, and anything offered in the market is freely taken at cur-
rent prices by speculators.
SALTPETRE.-There is a pretty considerable call for this article,
at an improvement of from ls. to ls. 6d. per cwt. ; but the exten-
sive importations from new places, together with arge shipments
from India, more than expected, will tend to retard any present
improvement ; and by some it is expected that a great depreciation
in the quotations will take place.
Corrox.-Sales have taken place of Cotton this morning, which
have gone off briskly. About 2,600 bales of Surats were put up
and fetched 6%d. to 63/4d. per lb. ; and the fine at 71/3d. to 71/4d.
per lb. Madras (350 bales) sold at 7d. to 9%d. ;_ and the very
fine at ICkl. to load. per lb. A small quantity of Egyptian Cot-
tons has this week been sold at 153%d. per lb., duty paid.