The Sun.
London, England, 1856-07-18 00:00:00

Its Capital is nominally 1,000,0001.; of this 500,0001.
i.; subscribed, and of this last 20,000/. is paid up. The
reserved profits are 152,0001., and they are about to add a
bonus to their shares by paying up calls to the amount of
125,01)01., thus converting the 250,0001. capital into
375,000/.--leaving a reserve of about 28,0001. to commence
new accumulations—for, though they have made and are
making largo profits, they limit their dividends to 10 per
cent., preferring to divide extra profits in the way I have
pointed out. believe the Colonial Bank of Australasia
will be equally successful, and I even think there is room
for another local bank, for our banking establishments
have certainly not kept pace with the increased resources
and trade of the colony since 1851.
Another very useful institution not long since established
is the Melbourne IJaderwrikers' Association—a sort of
local " Lloyds."' There aro several offices in Melbourne
for all sorts of risks—shipping, fire, lives ; but, the new
institution, like Lloyds, is composed of some of our most
respectable merchants, who:" take a line," as the phrase
is, and are only responsible for the sums set opposite to
their respective names.
This goes by the Earl of Sefton, not a very fast sailer.
The Oliver Lang will sail on the 30th inst., and the Royal
Charlie on the 22d of May. There is a probability that
the mail by the latter will be delivered in London before
even this reaches you. The irregularity and uncer-
tainty .of the mails have induced me to repeat the
information as to the state of our gold production and ex-
ports by several ships, under the impression that such facts
as I am able to transmit are of considerable importance to
the Statesman as well as the nun-cheat.

ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIBTY OF
BNGLANA

CHELMSFORD,- THURSDAY NIGHT.
Fine weather and the rethßiticeof the prices of admis-
sion to the show yard from 7s. 6(1. to 2s. 6d. had the effect
of bringing in an immense number of visitors, many thou-
sands of people having to-day come up by the Eastern
Counties Railway, by which yesterday only about 1,200
passengers were brosght from London.
In consequence of this the exhibition ground presented
throughout the day a most animated appearance, imple-
ments, cattle, and poultry commanding attention alike,
though probably it was the last-named which was the
grpat centre of attraction to the ladies, who formed a very
large proportion of the visitors. There was nothing in the
exhibition itself to call for special notice beyond what has
already been observed.
The dinner came off this afternoon in a spacious and ele-
gant pavilion erected at the entrance of the implement
yard, and was attended by 1,000 persons, among whom
were Mr. Bramston, M.P., Sir J. Tyrell, Bart., M.P., M.
Bunsen, Professor Wray, Baron de Cetta, Sir W. B.
Smith, M.P., C. B. Colville, Esq., M.P., M. Borrier, Lord
Berners, Col. Challoner, Mr. Itaikes Currie, M.P., Mr.
Philip Gurdon, Lord Lilford, H. Bruce, Esq., J. C. Cob-
bold, M.P.' Lord Burleigh, Lord Bateman, M. de G.
d'Eclepens, Sir J. Yarde Buller, Sir Edward Kerrison,
M.P. Mr. E. Buller, Colonel Fitzroy, M. P. Frere, M.
Wedenn, Sir J. H. Maxwell, Mr. Wells, high sheriff of
the county ; M. de Villers de Vite (from the Netherlands),
Mons. Dutrone (Amiens), M. St. Marie (Inspector-General
of the. French Government), Count de Korgolay, M. de
Trehonnais, Baron Heustch (Brussels), Earl of Sheffield,M.
Eugene Gareau (France), Earl of Feversham, Lord Port-
man, Marquis de Vogue (Aubiguey), Lord Walsingham,
Count de Bouille, Count Vitry, Count Zamoyski (Poland),
Malerziene (Franco), Professor Henslow, M. Eugene
Tisserand (France), M. Allier (Petit Bourg), M. Raft'
(Consul-General, Switzerland), Hon. M. Astley, Hon.
Dudley Ryder, Duke of Richmond, Mr. Evelyn Denison,-
M.P., Sir J. Paxton, M.P., Rev, C. T. James, Mr. A.
Ramoud, Mr. H. Foley, M.P., Mr. D. Waddington, M.P.,
Mr. Langton, M.P., &c.
Lord Portman presided, and the Duke of Richmond was
vice-chairman.

After the usual loyal toasts,
Mr. EVELYN DENISON gave that of "Agricultural So-
cieties at home and abroad." Agriculture, he said, was
the most important and the most honourable of industries.
This year had witnessed the great meeting at Paris—a
meeting worthy of the nation and of the sovereign who in-
augurated it. The Royal Agricultural Society of England
had no intention of rivalling that exhibition, with the re-
sources of an empire, for theirs was only a rustic show, and
they only sought to rival their own neighbours. (Hear,
hear.) He must say, however, that there was one defi-
ciency in the French Exhibition. No horses had been ex-
hibited there; and if they had been included there might
have been an interchange of breed profitable to the two
nations. With regard to the exhibition, it was deficient in
English agricultural produce. For instance, there was
only one cheese, and that was called a Cheddar, although
it was made in Scotland. A. neighbour of his had thought
that pale ale might show very well by the side of rosy
wine. (Hear, hear.) To France; 13elgium, and Switzer-
land they wished success, as they did to all, for the aim of
this society was to give abundance to man, and to supply
the true strength of nations. (Hear.)
M. GAREAU, who was received with cordial cheers, re-
sponded, though, as he said, he was a Frenchman, and
feared his halfdaneuage would not be well understood by
them if he attempted to express his feelings. He hoped
they would all go to France next year, and thee be and his
friends yeand try to reply to the hospitality of England,
to which he now drank success and prosperity. (Cheers.)
M. DE TREHONNAIS gave "The Royal Agricultural
Society of England," a subject which, he said, partook
very much of that spirit of hospitality which distinguished
the British agriculturist, and told of a bond of union,
knotted upon fields of battle, which had joined them to-
gether, it was to bo hoped, for ever. The society was
called royal, and truly it was so, enrolling among its names
the best and noblest of the land '•
encouraging the itidustri-
oils, directing the inquirer, encl. adopting as its emblem
that sign of civilisation, the plough, and as its device
`C Science with practice." Its meetings, however, were not.
in royal palaces, where the floors were so slippery, but they
were under tieese sheds amid the green Essex fields. En-
g.ina?e,r,ing had sent to its levee machines the most useful
that inventive skill of man hail ever created ; and no-
w eere could a body of men be found more worthy than he
saw in that assembly. One thing which entitled the so
ciety to the gratitude of the world was, that it had brought
out the hidden wealth of English agriculture, in Inca and
things ; and there were thousands of men who owed their
livelihood to the improvements which it had introduced,
and which had been thought worthy of adoption by the
' world. (Loud cheers.)
Lord WALSINGHAM gave "The President of the So.
ciety," a nobleman who was an enlightened agriculturist,
and had often been a successful exhibitor.
The CHAIRMAN, in acknowleging the toast, thanked his
brother farmers, who had placed him a second time in
that high position. They had formerly sent him to the
south ; he came from the west, and knew something of the
east; and he had been all his life endeavouring to learn
what he could everywhere, and when it was good to prac-
tise it. They had this year a good exhibition—good imple- '
merits, good cattle, and a good exhibition of company in
that room—an exhibition altogether which ihsy wore not
ashamed to show to the whole world. (Cheere) Let them
compare the ploughs used now with those used 50 years
ago, of which he had seen one at work with six horses and
six men, and let them mark the improvements in modern
ploughs. (Hear, hear.) That week they had seen a great
experiment with the steam-plough—which had not, per-
haps, fully succeeded, but it was on the way to success.
Let them look at the improvements which had taken
place within 5) years in sowing, reaping, preparing their
produce for market, and manuring, and they would say
that agriculture in England had advanced wonderfully.
(Hear, hear.) So it was also with draining. He knew a
field in which lie had seen women making hay in pattens,
and now, by a triumph of seience, that land was well
drained and dry. (Hear, hear.) Than as to another point.
Ho was old enough to remember the first crop of Swedes
transported from a garden to a field, and now Swedes wore
giving way to mangel•wurtzel in the rotation of crops.
(Hear, hear.) The wan who best knew how to farm now-
adays was he who applied knowledge and science, and no
man could farm successfully without knowing tempera-
ture, soil, and season. (Hear, hear.) These were the
matters which the society for eighteen years had gone
through, endeavouring to lead the farmer to improve the
cultivation of the soil by competitive exhibitions of stock
and implements. And whatever could be made known
for the good of the farmer this society had pub•
lisped in their journal ; they had provided knowledge of
chemistry, veterinary experience for the diseases of cattle,
and they saw no horizon before them at which they would
ever stop, until they had, as nearly as possible, arrived at
perfection. (Cheers.)
Sir J. PAXTON gave the health of "the Distinguished
Foreigners present." He said that before the existence of
that society, seventeen years ago, it was exceedingly diffi-
cult for agriculturists to obtain the knowledge necessary
for the successful pursuit of agriculture, but now every-
thing was made public for their benefit. He could re-
member the famous Irish pig, which strongly resembled
the Scotch greyhound. (Laughter.) Great improvements
upon that animal had been made. With regard to the
distinguished foreigners, he was happy to see them present,
and he hoped they would see it would be to the advan-
tage of their respective countrymen not only to establish
agricultural clubs, bat to bring their.produoe here. (Rear,
hear.) He had heard it observed that this society did not
offer many prizes to foreigners, but it must be remembered
that the society was only royal in name, not in the amount
of its revenues, and that Prince Albert was only known
among its members; as an exhibitor. (Hear, hear.) They
had had some very fine animals from France, and among
them those beautiful white Charolais, the equals of which
had not been seen in this country for one hundred years.
The Marquis de VOGUE rose to respond, amidst enthu-
siastic cheers. He said he spoke very bad English (though,
in fact, he spoke remarkably well for a foreigner, but that
he spoke with a true French heart. He, with others' had
been sent to England to see more of that agricultural 'pro-
duce of which such magnificent specimens were sent to the
Paris meeting, and to obtain a knowledge of the mode by
which that English success was achieved. In England, ca-
pital was abundant, and that was the secret of English
success—but in France it was not so ; and, besides, in
France, is was rather lazy. (Laughter.) He spoke of ca-
pital, and not of men, in France ; for her soldiers and her
labourers were the same men ; and as they had done great
things by the side of Englishmen in the field of battle, as
they would do great things united in the field of peace—
by digging, and ploughing, and subsoiling. They would
thus attempt, by industry and capital to repeal the dismal
threats of misery and destitution. (Cheers.) No longer,
he hoped, would the people of the two countries have to
fight side by side, but labour side by side, and secure the
triumphant march of peace and Plenty. (Cheers.) He
could not forget how lately, when the landsof France were
inundated, and her cattle were eating mud, the Queen
of England came to her assistance, and so did the
people of England—such tokens of eyrnpathy could never
be lost, and he was happy to say the people of the two na-
tions were friends, and ho hoped they 'would long continue
so for the peace of Europa and the happiness of mankind.
'(Loud cheers.) He should be happy to say at home that
t England was onee the land of luxuriant crops, well-paid
labour, and constitutional liberty—(applause)—and was
also the land of hospitality to strangers. (Cheers.)
The CHAIRMAN gave " The Town of Chelmsford and the
Local Committee."

Mr. BRAMSTOIsT, M.P., responded, congratulating the
society that they had now for the first time not only foreign
stock, but foreign proprietors and foreign farmers. (Hear.)
The CHAIRMAN gave " Agrieulture, Manufactures, and
Cgramerce." Lig fv,id that as the toad was rather a dry