The Sun.
London, England, 1833-01-31 00:00:00

more sincerely rejoice than ourselves at a speedy
adjustment of this hazardous Portuguese ques-
tion, and we have only allowed our foregoing
observations to remain in order to show that
we still consider it as surrounded with no com-
mon difficulties, and yet that, previous to our
new information, we thought it a subject which
warranted, or demanded, the zealous interference
of our Government.—Times.

We this dayinsert a Proclamation of Governor
Hayne, of South Carolina, which we yesterday
noticed. We naturally turned to Mr. Stuart's
valuable work, which may be deemed a store-
house of information regarding American affairs,
for some account of Governor Hayne. The
following is the impression made on our saga-
cious countryman by this individual, who seems
destined to play a prominent part in this unfor-
tunate struggle. Mr. Stuart was at Washington
at the discussion in Congress of the question
relative to the disposal of the public lands be-
longing to the United States, which continued
all the time he was there, and for several weeks
afterwards:—
" The speakers whom I liked best (he says) were Mr.
Webster and Mr. Hayne, in Congress; and Mr. Berrien,
the present Attorney-General of the United States (since
resigned) : and Mr. Wirt, the former Attorney-General.
Mr. Hayne is a South Carolinian gen-
tleman, and, I believe, of considerable fortune. His ap•
pearance is very youthful and gentleman-like ; his voice
particularly good. If he was in the British House of
Commons, and was to speak in the easy, agreeable manner
he does here, no one would doubt that he was a well-
informed country gentleman. There is nothing pro-
fessional-looking about him. He lately bad a very warm
argument with Mr. Webster, in which the friends of
each of those gentlemen claimed the victory for him to
whom they were politically attached. Neither of them,
as I, a spectator, thought, had any reason to regret the
conflict. Mr. Webster knew better, as a professional
man, how to improve any advantage he gained; but Mr.
Hayne was excited, by being opposed to such an adver-
sary, to make greater exertions than he was previously
thought capable of making."
It would appear from these observations that
Mr. Hayne possesses the qualification of elo-
quence in an eminent degree—a qualification,
without which it is difficult in a democracy to
obtain popularity, though neither Washington,
nor Jefferson, nor Franklin were orators.
Whichever way the dispute is settled—whether
by the arbitrament of the sword or by mutual
concessions—an instructive lesson will be
furnished to the world. It will show how
dangerous it is in a Government to trust to any
other foundation for its authority than the in-
terests of the governed. The Southern States
have clearly been sacrificed to the manufacturing
interests of the Northern States. If the Union
escape this danger, we trust it will avoid in all
time to come the rock of partial taxation—a
rock on which it is in the utmost danger of
being wrecked. The Government, in their plan
of Tariff, propose very low duties on the articles
principally consumed by the Carolinians. This,
probably, will, if not pacify the Nullifiers, at
least strengthen the Unionists. But the people
of New England seem as bent as ever in carry-
ing through their system. The following extract
from the Albany Daily Advertiser expresses,
we suspect, the general feeling of the manufac-
turing States :
" We, in the North, have no staples like cotton that
can go abroad with a slight duty, and enter any foreign
port. Our staples are kept out by injurious restrictions.
We depend principally upon the products of our industry
for the means of our commerce, and millions of dollars
have been invested in good faith, upon the beli f that our
Government intended to protect its own industry, as every
• other civiliz,d nation does. _ _

".New England will have far greater cause for nullifi•
cation than ever South Carolina had, if she is to be ruined
in her last resource. She is not sufficiently agricultural
to maintain her own sons at home; these she sends into
the luxuriant West. Manufactures are her main depen-
dence. Shall her happy villages, her contented popula-
tion, her rising interests, be destroyed for a slave-holding
State, that means to make her slaves, and her one staple
a match, and more than a match, for northern industry?
How unfair—how unjust this would be ! The idea that
everything must be brought to a revenue standard is a
fallacy, and only intended to cover the concealed envy of
a few factious leaders. What are the expenses of Go-
vernment, and at what rate are they increasing?"--/Horn-
ing Chronicle.

We expected that Lord Althorp would have
stated this, as his reason for applying to M.
Manners Sutton, something like what was put
forth (by authority, no doubt) in the Times
of Monday, in order to obtain credit for the
masterly stroke of policy by which the appre-
hended union of the Conservatives and the eco-
nomists would be defeated. The following is
the article in the Times to which we allude :
" It was stated some time ago that Mr. Joseph Hume
intended to support, nay, to propose, Mr. Manners Sut-
ton as Speaker of the House of Commons, on the fair and
intelligible principle that the re-appointment of the Right
Honourable Gentleman would save the country the retiring
pension of 4,0001. a year. When Mr. Hume expressed
this (we will call it) reasonable intention, there was a
rumour afloat of a disunion among the Ministers, who
were understood to be divided between the rival and
almost equal claims of Messrs. Abercrombie and Littleton.
The Conservatives, wh, certainly do not sleep at their
posts, and who have numerous spies in the Ministerial
camp, were soon acquainted with these discussions, and,
with a sagacity extremely unusual to them, hit upon the
expedient of beating a divided Cabinet by the proposal of
re-appointing a gentleman against whom no very strong
opposition could reasonably be made, even by the Minis-
ters, and whose claims the economists of the House could
not fail to favour, based as they were on the principle of a
reasonable saving in the public expenditure. Mr. Joseph
Hume began to be alarmed at this Conservative' in-
vasio❑ of his favourite territory of cheap government,
and determined to take the lead in this arrangement.
At last this notable project, which everybody
was talking about, reached by slots- and ' regular
approach' the ears of those most concerned—the Ministers
themselves ; and we must do them the justice to say,
that though they obtained their information somewhat too
tardily, they acted upon it with sufficient tact and promp-
titude. They saw their position correctly, and imme-
diately throwing aside all selfish considerations and false
pride, volunteered in a very handsome manner to place
Mr. Sutton in that Chair, which, though he had himself
given it up on the ground of a personal conviction that
he could no longer properly fill it, every body else thought
he would still occupy with dignity and advantage. This
aarangement had the advantage of baffling the Conserva-
tives, and had, besides, the substantial merit of economy ;
the Conservatives were mortified, but had the sense to see
that they must silently acquiesce. Not so Mr. Joseph
Hume ; his pride is piqued ; the ball is taken out of his
hands, and, in the rage of disappointed vanity, he is said
to be ready to give up his great, and just, and favourite
principle of economy, and to propose some other person
for the Chair. We will not affront the gentleman by
naming him who has been mentioned to us as degraded by
Mr. Hume's patronage, but we will venture to predict a
signal defeat for one of the absurdest attempts ever yet
made by infatuated and factious conceit."
It is true that Ministers were divided between
the rival claims of Mr. Abercrombie and Mr.
Littleton, and it may be true that the Conserva-
tives calculated on beating a divided Ministry, by
proposing a gentleman personally a favourite in
the House ; but all the rest of the paragraph is
pure invention. Mr. Hume never intimated
his intention to propose the re-election of Mr.
Manners Sutton as Speaker. Mr. Hume, after
the grant of the pension to Mr. M. Sutton, con-
sidered it next to settled that Mr. Littleton
would be the Speaker, and deemed himself en-
raged to support him, particula►ly after being
informed (by letter) in November that Ministers
had agreed to support Mr. Littleton as Speaker.
The motives assigned to Ministers by the Times
are, it is true, not very reconcileable with the