The Sun.
London, England, 1833-08-29 00:00:00

PORTUGAL.

" FALMOUTH, AUG. 27, 7 0'0.0(4, r M.
His Maiesty's steamer Hermes is just arrived from
Lisbon, which place she left on the 21st inst. She called
off Oporto on the 23d inst., with despatches for the senior
officer. Baron de Habre came home passenger with
despatches from Don Miguel.

" LISBON, AUG. IS.
" Preparations for taking the field are going on actively
here ; and all the avenues to the oity will soon be strongly
birricadoed. A man was killed by the mob on Friday
alight, although the four soldiers who were escorting him
to prison did their utmost to save him. It appears tbat
Le had been a notorious spy and inflamer under the late
Government, and tped to boast that he would furnish
1,000 ropes for the purpose of banging as many Constitu-
tionalists. Ile was killed opposite the arsenal gateway,
and his corpse dragged by the rabble with loud shouts of
exultation, as far as Caes do Sudre, where the parish au-
thorities took charge of it. Another man was so severely
beaten with sticks last night, that he expired under the
blows. Every evening something of this sort occurs ; so
that it is really not safe to be out after dark. This,
though not to be wondered at, is not the less to be de-
plored ; and, to the credit of the reartoostitutionalists, it
must be said that they express the greatest abhorrence of
these savage deeds, the perpetrators of which are generally
the very same canaille who were equally ferocious against
them under Don Miguel.
" The appointment to the Ministry of Jose da Silva
Carvalho, Candido Jose Xavier, and Agostinho J. Freire
(all disciples of the French school of politics of 1792);
—the exclusion of the Duke de Palmella, and every other
man of the moderate party ;—the frequency with which
the old constitutional hymn of 1820 is played at the
theatres and by the military bands;—and, above all, the
series of measures against the Church, plainly indicate a
determination to return, if not to the democratic system
of that period, at least to a more democratic system, and
more vigorous measures. The exclusion of the Duke of
Palmella is generally regretted.

" The elections for the General Cortes are to commence
on the Ist of October next; and, no doubt, a sufficient
number of Members to form a House of Deputies will
soon he collected. But the puzzling question is, how a
Chamber of Peers is to be formed ; the whole of those
who adhered to Don Miituel being, it is said, excluded,
though nothing to that effect has been officially published.
" Two important subjects will occupy the attention of
the new Congress,—namely, the Regency and the Queen's
man Lige. The latter is a most knotty point.
" MONDAY, AUG. 19.

" I rode out yesterday afternoon to see the fortifications
commenced at the eastern extremity of Lisbon, and which
are to be carried all round the city through the different
barriers, terminating westward at the bridge of Alcantara,
and excluding the suburb of Belem. lam not sufficiently
acquainted with military terms to be able to give you an
accurate description in technical language, but I will do
the best I can. As it would require at least three times
the force Don Pedro is master of to fortify Lord Welling-
ton's lines at Torres Vedras, the city must necessarily be
defended at its own boundaries. Now, although it is not
regularly walled in, the space between every two of its
harriers is so blocked up by continued rows of houses,
Ovalle, gardens, and other obstructions, that when the
gates are once closed, it is perfectly impervious to any one
wh° may chance to have been shut out ; so that by
strongly fortifying those barriers there is every prospect of
successful resistance. The works are to consist of
4 ecstonicka and trenches, and batteries, placed so as to
commaneds, the approaches to the city gates; besides which,
wherever there is a risings ground, a redoubt is to be
thrown up. It being
so'rutndaY' and the place having be.
w.tohf the beau encode, the scene
much resembled a fsir,
ke.,
and
Wats booths erected for the sale of
refreshments,
itsaltogetherbe highly entertaining.
,‘ The circumstance of
Sunday was no inter-
allow to labour, for even the
Cann Ingb oest rigid casuist must
allow that Sabbath-breaking
many
fnly
so urgent a case. I cannot say exactln;hvoev7.wcaryniynmg esinnairne
actually engaged every day, but there c
have been less than 1,000 at work, could not
the respectability of their appearance, were evidently
from
e evolently gra•
tuitous volunteers.
Nearly the whole of the regular troops have marched
Flom Lisbon in a northern direction, or up the Tagus
the purpose, principally, of breaking up the roads,gsra'sfotro
retard the advance of the Miguelites, by rendering difficult
the passage of cavalry and artillery. All the towns and
villages that have been entered by the Constitutional forces
have at once declared for Don Pedro.

" 1 O'CLOCK, P.M.

" The Priheeza Real corvette, the George the Fourth
steamer, and a number of boats with troops, have just
proceeded up the river. Their destination cannot be fur-
ther than Villa Nova (30 miles from Lisbon, on the north
bank), as there is not depth of water enough for the-cor-
vette and steamer above that town. The precise object
for which they are sent is not known with any certainty.
"7 P.M.

" There are some who state that Don 'Miguel is hasten-
ing to make a push at the capital. The roads, however,
have been so cut up and obstructed in different ways, that
he will find it very difficult to bring on his cavalry and
artillery. This intelligence of his intentions,, far from

creating dismay, appears to fix a determined spirit in the
hieasts of the inhabitants, who seem fully sensible that
the struggle will be not only for their liberty, but for their
lives, as they know they can expect no mercy if van-
quished.

" Don Pedro visits the lines every evening; and, while
surveying the works, generally addresses some remarks to
the workmen in a familiar and encouraging tone. On one
occasion, seeing some who appeared to be lagging, ha
said, 'lf you don't make baste, you will have my brother
about your ears before you can look round you.' Alto-
gether his frank and manly appearance, and the wonderful
activity be displays, have won the admiration of even
the Miguelites themselves.

" TUESDAY, AUG. 20, 10 A.)t.
"Besides the corvette and steamer, the Dordinka
frigate and brig of war have been sent up the river; the
frigate, however, cannot go more than three leagues above
the city. The guerillas have entered Santarem and Car-
taxo, where they have plundered and murdered almost all
the Constitutionalists. A great namber of fugitives are
arriving this morning from those towns and the surround-
ing country."—Tunes.

THE MIGUELITES.

INTERCEPTED LETTERS.
PARIS, JULY 19, 1833.

My Viscount,—l yesterday sent you a despairing letter
by land • you know that I directed a copy of it to the
King. lam sad and desponding. The loss of the cause
is the ruin of us all, and, in the sequel, of the King ; in
fine, it will render my situation for ever miserable. The
Government owes me 60,000 cruzadoes, and a trifle for
tl.e two clerics here, which are lost if our cause is lost ;
I therefore b«g of you to do me a favour, which it is still
in your power to confer, and that is to send me a notice,
addressed to the two agents for the loan, Francisco de
Alpuim a Menem's, and Eliodoro Jacinto Carneiro, couched
in these terms—" That, under the existing circumstances,
no advances should be made on account of what is owing,
as long as there may be no provision for the same pre-
pared by the Minister of Finance." I know that they
will immediately attend to this, since they have already
obeyed letters from the Count de Barbacena; and you
have yourself sent one for Carlos Matias to draw, &c. :
this is in the case of " the never payable" Souza not
plying, which will be best of all.

Our situation is most wretched, now that we have lost
all, as it is possible, thanks to the counsel the King has
taken, that we must remain as we are, at least this case
was foreseen*, and we are the victims of our fidelity. A
certain Ambassador yesterday said to me that there was
treachery in the Portuguese Ministry without doubt,
inasmuch as they would not otherwise have been such
fools as to send out the squadron when Eliot and
the English officers were expected ; and he repeat-
edly exclaimed " Treason ! treason! treason !" and,
indeed, this is the opinion which prevails here and every-
where else. I would not write this to you officially. I
hope that you were not one of those who advised such an
act of stupidity. All who counselled it ought to be dis-
missed, either as knaves or fools. That he who governs
should he a fool, and a fool for these five years, is too bad !
But there has been great folly.
Your brother and friend,

C. DA PONTE.
P.S. Send me an answer to this quickly, and the notice
which I have requested, by land, immediately, to my ad-
dress—Champs Elysees, Cour de L'Allee, Macigny.
• A negative appears to be wanting in this sentence, but the
perturbation of the writer would be sufficient to make him not
only omit a single word, but entire sentences.—Tinzes.