The Sun.
London, England, 1851-08-26 00:00:00

8L

[PRICE SD,

consumption of fuel in practical work, drawing an
average load of 90 tons at an average speed of 29
miles an hour, including stoppages (which represents
a mail train), is under 21 lb. of coke per mile.
Alessrs. Hawthorn exhibit a locomotive engine of
rather less dimensions for which they claim a capa-
bility of running with safety at a speed of 80 miles
an hour with a large express train. The cylinders
are 16 inches in diameter, and 22 inches stroke ; the
driving wheels 6i- feet in diameter, and the bearing
wheels 39 inches; the heating surface of the firebox is
98:1- square feet; the boiler is traversed by 158 brass
tubas, giving a heating surface of 865 square feet.
The principal improvements claimed by Messrs.
Hawthorn for this machine are the following:—ln-
stead of the six ordinary springs on each axle, the
engine is fitted with double compensating beams and
four springs acting simultaneously on all the journals,
by which the weight assigned to the respective axles
is not affected by any irregularities or imperfections
on the line of railway, but is uniformly maintained
throughout, securing thereby a constant weight
upon the driving wheels, and consequently a con-
stant amount of adhesion. It is also claimed that
by this direct, simultaneous connexion between
the axles great stability is given to the engine,
greater safety, particularly at high speed, and a
smoother and easier motion. The engine has outside
framing, with outside bearings to all the axles, the
cylinders being placed inside. The engine is sup-
ported on six wheels, the driving wheels being in the
centre. The second advantage claimed by the builders
for this machine is the application of their expan-
sive link motion and slide valves, which admit of the
boiler being brought down nearly as low as in en-
gines with straight axles, and by the introduction of
the slide valves the pressure on the valves, and conse-
quently the friction, is considerably diminished. An
arrangement is likewise introduced into the engine
of the patent steam pipe of Messrs. Hawthorn which
removes the domes and other projections on the top
of the boiler. This steam pipe is fixed into the tube
plate of the smokebox by a ferule like an ordinary
tube, and extends nearly the entire length of the
boiler. Being carried under the top, it is perforated
with a series of small apertures or slits along its en-
tire length, and it is arranged so as to
receive the steam directly above the place
at which it is generated, instead of compel-
ling it to rush from all parts of the boiler to one
or two orifices. By this arrangement the steam
is conducted to the cylinder, nearly if not altogether
free from priming. The inside and outside framings
extend the whole length of the engine, and are
firmly tied together by strong iron double knee
brackets.

Among the locomotive engines on a smaller scale
will be noticed one called " Ariel's Girdle," exhibited
by Messrs. Adams ; a locomotive tank engine, exhi-
bited by Messrs. Fairbairn ; and one called " the
England," exhibited by the engineer of that name.
" Ariel's Girdle " is a four-wheeled engine coupled to
a four-wheeled carriage, constituting thus a complete
eight-wheeled machine, adapted to run with great
speed and safety for a distance of fifty or sixty miles
without stopping. The carriage has accommodation
for eight first class, twelve second class, and twenty
third class passengers. This engine, with its atten-
dant carriage, thus forming a train to accommodate
thirty passengers, may also be advantageously worked
as a mail or express train, or a train for branch lines.
The inventor claims, also, that it is well adapted
for highway purposes, with rails laid on the level
of a macadamized road, which would not interfere
with the ordinary traffic, thus facilitating the con-
struction of branch lines, at a very cheap rate, by
which railway communication might be carried into
agricultural districts and even into farmyards. It is
well known that in the United States such effects
have been realised, the railways being, in many cases,
carried through the streets of the principal towns.
A railway is, for example, conducted through New
York and terminates at the very centre of the city,
near the park. Another is carried through the streets
of Philadelphia, terminating in .Market-street, and,
in like manner, a line of railway is carried with fa-
cility through the streets of Baltimore, terminating
near the harbour. In these cases the rails are laid
flush with the road, a cavity being left on the inside
of each rail in which the flanges of the wheels play.
It is not, however, customary in America to drive the
locomotive engines through the streets. They are

STHE QUEEN'S V ISIT to SCOTLAND'
EXPERIMENTAL TRIP WITH THE ROYAL CAR-
RIAGZS AND NLW ENGlNE.—Yesterday the capabi-
lities and safety of the new engine and royal carriages
built for the special service of her Majesty were tested
by the directors of the Great Northern Railway and
several scientific gentlemen. Shortly before ten
o'clock, the train, consisting of three royal carriages,
three first-class carriages, one luggage van, and one
break van, drawn by the new engine, left King's-
cross station for Peterborough, conveying the chair-
man, the directors, a few friends, Mr. 'Williams, the
constructor of the carriages, and several gentlemen
connected with the railway ; the down journey was
performed at an ordinary rate of speed, when the en-
gine was found to work extremely well, and the
carriages to run remarkably easy. As a further
test, the speed was increased on the up journey. The
train left Peterborough at 1.15 P.M., and arrived at
the terminus, King's-cross, at 2 55 rad., performing
the distance, 7641 miles, in one hour and 40 minutes,
being at the rate of 45i miles an hour, including
starting and stopping; notwithstanding the velocity
at which the train travelled, very little oscillation was
observable, nor was there the slightest indication of
heat in the boxes, the grease being nearly as inspis •
sated as at starting.
DONCASTER, MONDAY.—We are enabled to com-
municate, from two or three sources, the arrange-
ments which have been made for her lsjesty's jour-
ney from the metropolis to Scotland, on the 27th and
28th inst.

Her Dinjesty, accompanied by the Prince Consort,
the Royal Family, and suite, will arrive at the King's-
cross station of the Great Northern Railway at about
half-past one o'clock. Her Majesty will be received
by the chairman and directors of the railway, and will
be conducted to an apartment elegantly fitted up for
the occasion, where the Royal travellers will partake
of luncheon. The Royal train, containing her Ma-
jesty and suite, Lord. John Russell, and the chairman
and directors of the Great Northern, will leave King's-
cross station at two o'clock, preceding the regular
train which leaves at that hour. A pilot engine
will be despatched in advance of the Royal train.
The latter will arrive at Ilitchin at 2 48 P.M., where
it will stop for five minutes for the engine to take
in water. The Royal trainwill pass slowly through
the straight line at Huntingdon, without stopping at
the station, and will proceed thence to Peterborough,
arriving there at 4 3
P.M., and again stopping for 5
minutes for the engine to take in water. The Royal
train will arrive at Boston at 4 53 P.M., passing into
the platform line for her Majesty to receive the ad-
dress of the corporation and inhabitants of that bo-
rough. Arrangements are made here for the accom-
modation of spectators, but the public will not be ad-
mitted within the space between the two screens of
the down-side platform. The train, with a fresh en-
gine, will depart from Boston at 4 58 rad.,and arrive
at Lincoln at 5 48, where her Majesty will receive
an address from the corporation and inhabitants of
that ancient city. The regulations for the accommoda-
tion of the public will be the same as those observed at
Boston. At Retford the Royal train will pass slowly
through the usual platform line of the station, and
proceed thence to Doncaster, arriving there at about
7 o'clock.

Her Majesty having determined to pass the night
at Doncaster, considerable preparations have been
made by the corporation and inhabitants to give her
Majesty a hearty and loyal welcome. The Angel
Hotel has been selected for the accommodation of the
Royal visitors, and has been suitably prepared for
them.