The Sun.
London, England, 1802-04-10 00:00:00

RESTRICTION ON THE BANK.

The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER
said, he rose in pursuance of a notice which he gave
on a former day, to more for leave to bring in a
Bill to continue, for a time to be-limited, the restric-
tion of payment in Specie upon the Bank. It was
impossible for him to submit to the House such a
proposition without some regret, because it was an
interference with the legitimate fun Lions and opera-
tions of the establishment of the Bank ; but he had
the satisfaction of being fully convinced the mea-
sure he had to submit to the consideration of the
House, could not furnish any charge against any
one, or lead the most timid man to suppose that the
Bank dues not possess the most ample means within
itself to discharge all its engagements in any manner
whatever, which they Might be called upon, or
allowed to do. He was asked can a former day,
Whether it was his intention to move for 'a Pre-
liminary Inquiry into this matter ? He said then, he
had no such intention, and he had no such intention
now, because it did not appear to him to be neces.
sary. In the year 1797, when the House was
called upon to confirm the Order in Council restrict-
ing the payments in specie of the. Bank, a Commit-
tee was instituted for purposes different from those
which bore upon the question now. A Committee
was then appointed, and their Report proved that
which could not now be contested, the solvency
of the Bank, and its ample sufficiency to discharge
all demands that could be made upon It. This was
one of the purposes for which the Committee was
appointed, and for which there was now no neces-
sity whatever. The Committee was appointed
also for another purpose, and was instrualled upon
another point : " "J ;o inquire into the necessity
which produced the Order in Council, upon which
the restriction took place ;" the grounds of which
were so notorious to all mankind that he need not
enlarge upon them, and it was now for the deli-
berate consideration and dispassionate refleCtion of
the House, to decide whether it was now proper
to continue that measure for a limited period.—
Upon these topics an inquiry' took Riace at the time
the measure was adopted, but an inquiry was not
necessary under the present circumstances.. The
reasons for the continuance of the restriction he
should shortly state to the House. The course of Ex-
change between this and Foreign Countries, was dis-
advantageous to us; the export trade was now, and
had been for some months, considerably at a stand ;
and a considerable time must elapse before we had
our returns from the Export ; after it shall have
been returned to its channel, the course, he trusted,
would be rapid. There was no inquiry necessary
however for this purpose, because the thing was
periettly clear. Nor would it be necessary to in-
quire, while the course of Exchange was disad-
vantageous to us, whether to diminish the amount
of our circulating cash, would or would not increase
that disadvantage ? for that was also maniCest ; and
that the opening of payment in gold at the Bank
would have this (flea, was clear from this circum-
stance, that for several months past, there had been
carried on a trade in the purchase of Guineas, in
this Country, with a view to their exportation. It
was therefore upon the grounds of the state of ex-
change between this and Foreign Countries, and
part of our Export trade being considerably at a
stand, and our not having, nor being likely to have,
for some months, returns for Export trade, and the
praaice of exporting Coin likely to take place,
that he thought it his duty to recommend to the
House to continue the restrktion on the Bank.—
There was another consideration which operated
very strongly on his mind, that the entire com-
mand we had possessed over the markets of the
Continent fbr so long a time could not be ex-
peeted to continue in the same degree : com-
petition must be expeCled—we must meet with
rivals, and on this account every facility should be
given to our merchants, and this could be done in
no way so effeCtually, as by continuing to them the
advantages, anti indeed affirding an augmentation
of discount, that was likely to be one of the ef-
feas of the continuance of the restriction. 'There
were therefore, as appeared to hint, strong reasons
for the adoption of this measure, arising out of the
circumstances of this country at the present time.
It promised to be produCtive of essential benefit to
the country at large, by the assistance which it
IyQUid give to merchants, and it would be the
means of avoiding a probable evil, and of altering
the Course of Exchange : and he was not aware of
any inconvenience that was likely to result from
at least none to any co.n,ilerable amount. We
had had the experience cF fines or five years of 11,1-
, usual difficulty, by which the nicasui.e of rest.6,l;.tion

badeproduced beneficial effects. The credit of the
Batiksi9 the mean time, had undergone no diminu-
tion whatever, bist on the contrary Bank Notes had
maintained their reputation, and had been received
readily in payment on all occasions. There were,
however, some circumstances which he could not
help observing, and laying some stress upon. When
it was thought expedient to increase the circulating
cash of the Country; an applicatiOn-Wlrtnaleato the
Bank, and 'they called in their One and Two Pound
Notes, and said they would pay them in cash, and out
of the Coo,oool. thus paid to individuals who held
these Notes, and who were entitled to have cash for
them, 400,0001. were,, by the choice of these indi-
viduals, received in paper. After this proof of
confidence, and manifestation of reliance on the
Bank Paper, and establishment of the full Credit of
the Bank, there was no just cause to apprehend that
the Bank Paper would not continue to. maintain its
Credit. He knew there was in this Country a
great diversity of opinion with resped to the mode
in which the Bank ought to be. permitted to re-
new their money payments Some Gentlemen, he
believed, were of opinion they should pay cash for
Notes of a small denomination; but here he Wished
it to be be remembered, that until there was an.
abundant supply of cash, an evil might result from
this—for if the 11. and 21. Notes were paid in cash,
and afterwards a general anxiety were to be en-
tertained on the sudden, for cash, Bank Bills of
tool. or toool. would be brought in for these
and 21. Notes, and this would introduce the very
inconvenience intended to be avoided. By this sort
of restraint of the measure, the circulation would be
interrupted materially, and then the Country Bank
Paper, for small sums, would he the Only currency.
Not that he meant to throw any discredit on the
Country Banks, but he was stating this as the pro-
bable effed of opening the money payment at the
Bank for small Notes, in the mere possible event of
any sudden anxiety for cash. He did not know
whether he had made himself clear to the House;
but what he meant to impress upon the House was
this, that by direding the Bank to pay in cash
small Notes, the probable, or rather possible died
would be, that of creating an unlimited demand for
such small Notes in exchange for large ones, and
thus a risk would be run of their being taken out
of circulation, which would be a considerable incon-
venience. He did not think it was necessary for him
to go more minutely into the subject. He had assign-
ed the reasons why it appeared to him this measure
way necessary. Those were, the Course of Ex-
change being at present against us , part of our
Trade at a stand, in a great measure, and,
from another. no Returns could be expeded soon :
all which inconveniences might be increased, but
could not be diminished by opening payments in
specie at the Bank. On the other hand, he knew
of no material inconvenience that would arise
from the continuance of the Restridion.- - Under all
these circumstances, which were indeed unavoida-
ble, he thought it would be prudent for us to wait
a while, to see the consequence and effeds of
Peace, to give time to our Merchants to form
their connections on the Continent ; to take time
to see the commercial relations in which different
Countries will stand towards each other ;- to ob-
serve all these things, and to reflect On them, before
we opened payments in Cash at the Bank.-
there were such advantages likely to result on the
one hand, and without any material inconvenience,
and while, on the other,- it was possible that some
evil might result, he was apprehensive the House
would agree with him in opinion, that this restric-
tion ought to be continued. He should therefore
now move, " That the different Ads of Parliament
by which that Restridion had been enforced from
time to time, for the last four years, be read"—
which being done pro firma, he moved, 46 That
leave be given to bring in a Bill to continue, for a
time to be limited, the restrictions in the said At
on the Bank of England," &c.
Mr. 70NES said, he had listened to the Right
Hon. Gentleman with considerable attention, but
he had heard nothing relative to the commercial re-
lations of this country, nor was there one word
either in tire Preliminary or Definitive Treaty re-
lative to the commercial relations between this coun-
try and France. He thought some reason ought to
have been shewn why the Bank should not pay in
cash. Several persons had suffered the punishment
of the Law for forging bank-notes, and it was not
proper the forging trade should be suffered to pro-
ceed. If the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER
WOU'd state that commercial relations were depend-
ing between this country and France, he would not
object to the Motion.
Sir ROBERT' PEEL said, that when this mea-
sure was first brought forward, it excited a very
great and serious alarm. He was happy, however,
to observe, that many of those Gentlemen who op-
posed it then, had withdrawn on the present occa-
sion. The Right Hon. Gentleman had assigned
very weighty reasons for the present mearAire. The
Exchange, as the Right Hon. Gentleman had stated,
was against us in Foreign Countries ; this might fre-
quently be the case in the course of trade, but'even
if it was in our favour, it would be no reason why
the Retridion should cease. Our trade, had increased
threefold, and property to the amount of not less
than 3000,000,0001. now circulated from hand to
hand in this Country, in the course of a year. Not
one thirtieth part of this sum was in specie : it
would therefore be productive of the greatest incon-
venience, and most injurious consequences, to oblige
the Bank to pay in specie, and to suffer this specie
to go out of the Country. No injury had been
stated to have arisen from the Restridion ; no Peti-
tions had been laid upon the Table against it ; if
the trading interest had been affected by it, they
would have petitioned against it. Had the,Bank
been injured by it ? On the contrary, its credit had
risen. Upon all these grounds, therefore, he was
decidedly in favour of the continuance of the Re-
stridion.
General G ASCOYNE observed, that the issue of
11. and 21. Notes from the Bank of England, was of
peculiar benefit to Liverpool, where they could not
do without some such circulating medium. ,Pre-
vious to the issue of these, notes for similar sums
tvrre sent into circulation by Country Banks, in
and near Liverpool,- some of which failed for near
2,000,0001. and paid 35. 6d. in the pound. Similar
notes, 116weve,r, of other country Banks were, not.

withstanding, taken, until notes Of a like amount
were issued by the Bank
en-
tirely superseded the others, and were '.i'ri:litchhe
state of credit at Liverpool.
of England,
Dr." LAWRENCE said the Hon. Gentleman
(Mr. Jowl's) had brought it forward :13 an argue
ment against this measure, that several persons had
forfeited. their lives for forging. Bank Notes : had
-ire-FileVerheard of persons being hanged for coun-
terfeiting the Coin of the Kingdom ? The argu.,'
Ihiaigd
ment was the same in one, case as in the other.--
lie confessed he could not agree altogeth
the argument used by the Hon. Baronet, (Sir R°-
BER'r PEaLE) as he thought it went beyond the
intention of the present measure. The restriction
did not afied the credit of the Bank, but was it'll.'
er With
posed to prevent the injurious consequences of 3
general alarm, and to provide against the possibi,
lity any failure in the immediate resources of
the- Bank, 'to answer the extraordinary demands
made in consequence of that alarm. The restrietion-
arose froth Parliament, and not from the proposition
of the Bauk. The question was, Whether this re-
striction ought now to be continued ? argu-
ment of.the Hon. BaiOnet, that the trading•intere
of flit Country required an extensive paper
tion, would go to an unlimited continuance of ibis
Restriftion. To this he could never agree, but when
it was considered that our export trade, during
interval between the Preliminary and the Defottiv.
Treaty had been unfavourable, and that Foreigners
possessed large sums of money in this 'Cou''trYlP,
together with other circumstances, it would be r's- •
to rake off the Restridion at the pre,ent moment'''.
He wished, however, that they should reserve t°
themselves the power-Of-rakingeoff -The -Resfrieti°n
from time to time, as• circumstances might atie
justify such a measure.
Sir ROBERT PEEL and Dr. LAWRENCE se
Ve:°
rally explained.
Mr. TIERNEY said, he did not intend at rreb.;
sent to enter into the subject at large. He, thoL'oi_.c
the original restriaions pregnant with danger ; 30
now that it Wad been imposed, he had no obk:ci:°„,l
to continue the restridion for a moderate
time, as a lesser evil than what might be suPP°usia'
to arise from immediately taking it ow. Her °t.
not however but objed to the present mode 01
rn
ing this restridion. It had formerly been A,:a-
in continuation, that it was danf,
to remove it during such a War as we were erl,
gaged in., But now that Peace was come, ", eia
stridion continued still to be moved, anti move('
matter of course. it was no argument that. the
change was against this Country. If the restrl-ci
tion was to be made a matter of accommodation!.s
culators would always find reason to petition 11';
continuance. The Hon. Gentleman thought the ,
should have at least the discretionary power CO
ted to them of paying when they saw profcr' Ile
When they found themselves enabled to do so.
wished it to be understood, that with regard t°•was
original question of the restriction, his or'nl,°,at
continued the same as ever. No evil had 3%114
Id
vviicneceidnlttheinwthh(e)leevmeonclieodf,sa-stneernw,
resulted from the measure ; but it had introOceon.
art
have cause to regret it. He thought that suchwo
important step as the present should not be taco,
without. previously • and\‘ra
rhelve was c
.appointing a Comtnittee to
quire into its necessity. .
TIEg
The CHANCELLOR of the 'EXCHEC-firsr,
said, that at the passing of the restridion at ti,c
a Committee had been appointed to inquire int°.tree
Solvency. of. the Bank.. To appoint a Con'al,„l-
- this purpose at present, would only lead t,.,•a' ea
inquiry into a subject, on which no one tert-lo
be
any doubts. The present Bill was intendea too-
an ex-ad Copy of the former, and if the 110"' troala
tleman would look into the former Bill, he 1 The
find the very Provision he contended for' there
Governor and Diredors of the Bank, were they
authorised to pay such Stuns in specie, 3: thetn
judged expedient. Tlie Bill only preveilto.
from being compelled to do so. t the
Mr. JUL EY ADDINGTON stated, t-13,,
good effeds of the restridion had very s°caur-
Feared ; and if other circumstances had no°
red, its operation would very soon have enabled Os
the Bank to resteme its payments in specie".o the
Hon. Relation had not moved the restridion tern'
time of Peace as a matter of course, but as 34041
porary Provision, till the effects of the Peace
have begun to operate. wish
Mr. TIERNEY explained. He aid no' f the
the Committee to inquire into the solvencY
Bank, but into the necessity of •contiouing t
striaion. fastric"
Sir W. MILNER thought, that if the ld be.
don were removed, the certainty that cash c of the
had for them, would still keep the notesZaions'
Bank in circulation. He adverted to the relhen loge
that had been thrown out by some Members, 7400ses.
sums of money being voted away in thin ceated,
He thought such insinuations going forth "nr rill" d'
tended to produce had effeds on the rubliCwijied
and sentiments injurious to the House. He
ha
the Public to know, that whenever wurie)orWills
been voted away in thin Houses, it was not
vittiorl,
to the inattention of Members, but their COnoity
of the notorious and incontrovertible neceo„
1t a
voting the money, made them think the vo.tl,rbcane
matter of course, and therefore not requi.",°o
stint attendance in all the stages of the stilt
Mr. MANNING thought that as we are in ttiis
a War Establishment, the restrictive, evenwbether
view, ought to be continued. He said, thigioej to
the number of Forgeries were to be atri,iaa been
I the great issue of Bank Notes or not, '
reaC
very much exaggerated.
numberi .O7fOfNo forgeries, for a list
la be
condemned for that crime. woo.--
prove,st.bnef golOso
Mr. MANNING thought the subjeet , use al
risersii,d,byhtenocvoinuald
a the b,
freed from all doubt by laying 1
oe for,
f re the it
of the Debts of the Bank, ue
onlY
for the result-lion should.be passed.
w° 5
coal la
entitled by the Aa of Restridioo, to• shay
payments partially. He wished tha
ner
2at'Y
Mr. TIERNEY affirmed, that the 13.10 k i
have a discretionary power to do so ge
to brt°
and Mr. RoDsork, leave was given
After a few words from Lord DE
131 0,- 111°

The HouSe then went into a Conimittee of Ways
and Means, to consider of further Supplies to be
granted to His Majesty.
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER
stated, that he had been induced to make some al-
teration in the Duty on Exports and Imports. It
.Pas now his intention that no additional duty should
be laid on tonnage ; that the duty on Imports
should he raised from 31. to 31. r zs. per cent. at an
average ; and the duty on Exports reduced from
two to one per cent. ; the highest duty on tonnage
t,?. the East Indies, to be 3s. ; to the Cape of Good
trope, as. ; and to other parts is.
, The House having resumed, the Report was or_
uered to he received to-morrow.
The Tax Bill on Servants, Horses, Carriages,
re Dogs, was read a second time, and ordered to
committed tomorrow.
The Committee on the Malt and Beer Bill was
°Meted to stand for Tuesday.
The House then went into a Committee on the
corn Trade Bill, and after a few words from Lord
c LINBER.vrE, Mr. COR,RY, and Mr. MANNING,
e House resumed, and the report was received
linmediately.
The Bill, with the amendments, was ordered to be
engrossed, and to be read a third time to-morrow.
a:rhe House then went into a Committee on cer.
:I:Supplies to be granted to His Majesty for the
r,Vlce of Ireland.•
CORRY moved the several
h, r particulars,
whichii,, were as follows :---15,6921. for certain pub-
tin ; 3721. for certain buildings in Dub..
btiit,,276l. for charitable purposes ; 3,4011. for
At. ng Churches ; 9531. for Linnen and Hemp
I,4l°Faetures ; 4,3841. for the Fever Hospitals ;
12;151. for widening and repairing the streets of
fir, ROBSON objected to our paying the debts
0f
Irish Corporated Towns.
7'4e CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER
Wailed, that the Public Faith was pledged to dis-
oilrge the debts incurred by improving the streets
fo Dublin, as the Irish Parliainent had been pledged
thr them before the Union ; he also observed, upon
! Particular custom that prevailed respeaing those
ngs in Ireland, the capital of which did nor, as
rgyr
tne cases of London 6r Liverpool in this country,
tr 4 =or Its own particular expences ; they were de_
Led by the Parliament of that kingdom.
ti,,Z•BERESFOI?D stated, that the expences in
p~rj440,1 were incurred under the orders of the
the :lent of Ireland. No Corporation existed
uty was gratuitously performed by private
in,, 'erten. The debt incurred was, strictly speak.
that
th,t at of Parliament. With respeEt to the idea
improvidenttniss. bargains were made by the Corn.
itoiloners in the sale of ground, Scc.' the rift was di_
tie Y the reverse: in proof of which the Hon. Gen-
tacill'an instanced two cases, wherein the purchasers
Ivliaattually become Bankrupts, in consequence of
ititl they conceived were the hard bargains made
• 4,, them by the Commissioners.
tio,"- JONES was sorry the Aft of Union was
to' so clearly framed as to preclude all difference of
I,„n4truftion, and hoped the necessary elucidations
„"u,ld be made to it before the end of the Session.
highly approved of the wise and liberal princi-
tel laid down by the CHANCELLOR of the Ex.
illt:lc2t7Eß, and assured the Committee that no man
eta more thoroughly approved of the Union than
tiiidLid, and was sorry that any Gentleman should
et'''. such comparative trifles as those in question
qete considered as a matter of real difference by
lernen of this country.
C4l • CORRY called to the recolleCtion of the
tan
tio ..!ittee, that votes, on precisely the same prin_
nl as that before them, had been passed, not
Of 'pin the last, but even in the present Session
for arijament. The Papers were only laid
.pro
Njoul before the House, as Gentlemen were pre-
ti. 41Y in possession of all the material informa-
ilscl:tlltY could possibly convey ; but he could nor,
donivePresentative of that part of the United King_
lent,' to which he had the honour to belong, listen st..
enl7 to the constructions which were put by some
nr)4emen on the relevant clauses of the Aa of Uni-
tdi ilrgue‘l-ithat the grants in question were allow-
strift°t on the score of liberality, but as matters of
cons. right, arcing from well known and maturely
f!nte..'eredeontratt, at the time of both Countries
Wire into the Union. The expences in question
and defrayed Solely by the Exchequer in Ireland,
nut as here, by Corporations or individuals ; and,
4iice
taent cases as they were provided for by Paha_
to 01' they were charged in the aggregate, either
e,leCivil List, or to other funds, and not present-
forto parliament in accounts of paltry sums, charged
lid, minute items, as was the custom with the Par-
at of ip,o.
iron of e 4fOBSON observed, that by his construe-
Reis t the article, the aggregate sum in question
Iziees° be appropriated only to certain distinct set_

-rd1.41. 1-121WKESBURY contended, that upon a
1111,1 and liberal construflion of the Aft of Union,
policy which
Consistently with that system of .
t)Selht to be adopted between the Countries, these.i
forces which were in Ireland considered and pan
11-• as Public services, should be so held by the
time Parliament. He was aware at the samed
I:lie that a line of distinction should be drawn, and
-.:er the principle he had laid down, particularly
thee,. cases where improper attempts-illaY be made to
! e'lttends the limits of these services, or in such
ails", as Were new, wherein he thought Ireland
tnci?l be bound to follow the example after the
~lon had taken place.
101111 b• CORRY then proposed the last Resolution,
tr ell was,
"'That the Sum of 6,4321. is. od. be
planted to His Majesty, to be paid to the Cot.-
Qirta ti", for cleansing, paving, and lighting the
3' of Dublin for nine months.."
14)0111r. ROBSON made a variety of observations
erit4 this subjeti, and respefting which he also
,tvOred into some detailed calculations, the drift of
jill'ell Was, to prove that the charge was not only
tetP:rovident in its details, but unnecessary alto-
t6- get. He said that a considerable sum wAs paid
w_%prso
el:ens for doing that in Dublin, which here
a of gratis, and enumerated the different arti-
ap.nr charge which,4,o/61ntinent including the -salaries and
f fitly-six Officers, amounted to
by }lit o
73'001. Irish currency. He averred that
information, mach of which he acknovr.

iedged came froth btiblin, anti pirtik from in
viduals who did not wish to have their names
known, the establishment was considered as a nui-
sance in that City, and that the charges were im-
provident. He contended, from the alledged filet,
that for a rate, which we think he said amotinted
to 18d. levied on the Citizens of Dublin, not •so
much service was performed as for a rate of 13d. in
the Parish wherein he resided, and generally in
London for 4.d. where every thing was consider-
ably dearer. He insisted on the odious light in
which the establishment in Dublin .was held,
and hoped at least that if it were not abolished, it
would be reformed.

Lord de BLAQUIERE apologized to the Corm
mittee for addressing them at such a late hour, but as
some observations which had fallen from the Hon.
Gentleman rendered it necessary, he should rather
trespass upon their patience. His Lordship then
entered into a detailed, able, and successful vindica-
tion of the establishment in question, from the un-
founded aspersions suggested by those from whom
the Honourable Gentleman had his information. He
gave an account of the Corporation, from its first
establishment, and among other important services
which he said it had rendered to the metropolis of
Ireland, he enumerated that by its means forty_
seven fountains were erected for the use of the
poor in different parts of the city ;—that a
bridge of one arch was built over the Liffey,
more grand, beautiful, and extensive, than any
thing of the kind in His Majesty's dominions—That
when the Corporation was instituted, there were
only 4,800 lamps in the whole City ; and in little
more than a month, they increased their number to
near 7,800. A great deal of this was effected
merely by the savings made by the Corporation.—
That it had relinquished the Coach-Tax for the
public accommodation, which, instead of the money
now granted, so or t 2,0001. a year, actually pro:
duced now 4.3,7601. by which the Consolidated
Fund was benefi!ed more than 28,000 i. He be-
lieved, he said, that the Hon. Gentleman drew his
information and grounds of charge from a Pam-
phlet, which had been prosecuted as a Libel, and the
Author, for averring what the Hon. Gentleman just
declared in his place, was, perhaps, at that moment
standing in the Pillory—; A laugh)—and he deeply,
regretted, that such language should be held, as he
had heard on this subject, by any Gentleman of this
Country, and he begged Gentlemen to recollect,
that when a charge of 1,600,0c0i. was voted on
the Consolidated Fund, for Bounties on the Impor-
tation of Corn, not one Irish Member objeEted to
the charge, but they were happy in contributing to
the relief of the Poor of this Country.
.Mr. ROBSON explained that he had never seen
the pamphlet adverted to by the Noble Lord.—
Much sof what he had stated wask from calculations
in a paper which he then held m his hand, and in
other parts of his calculation he averred he was
justified, from papers regularly before the House.
The Question was then put, and the Resolution
agreed to.
The Chairman was directed to leave the Chair,
and the Report was ordered to be received to-
morrow.

The Grenada Bill was, after a very short con-
versation between Messrs. JoNEs, LUSUINGTON,
and RoasoN, read a third time, and passed.
On the Question for the Adjournment of the
House being put,
Mr. JONES rose, and adverted to the notice
which he had given of a Motion respeaing the Po-
lygar War in India. However, as that contest was
likely to last longer than the P4rlLment itself,
and not being able to obtain some information
which he was in hopes of getting in sufficient time,
he should not bring forward his Motion at the time
for which he had givell notice.
The SPEAKER said, then it was understood,
that the Hon. Gentleman waves his Motion for the
present. •
Mr. JoNEs replied in the.affirmative.
The question of Adjournment was then put, and
at ten o'clock the House adjourned till to-morrow.

THE., SUN.

St,LENI QUIS DICER E FALSUM AUDEAT ?