The Sun.
London, England, 1856-09-29 00:00:00

MONTENEGRO.

Without freedom of commerce there is for the laud
and the people of Montenegro neither progress nor in-
ternal development, nor any basis fit for the establish'
went of a regular political -organisation, and suitable,
relations with neighbouring peoples. The necessity er
possessing a free port has long been perceived by the
Montenegrins. At the commencement •f the eighteenth
century, the Vladika Danilo endeavoured to restore to
the Montenegrins territory the district of Antivari ; an
attempt that cost torrents of blood.
Relying on the motives I have just explained, I am
persuaded that the great powers of Europe will be de•
sirous of protecting the weak against the strong, of
guaranteeing to the Montenegrines the integrity of their
territory, and grant to them what can preserve their
nationality and keep inviolate their right.
The European powers have established that Russia
should cede to the Turks the fifth part of Bessarabia,
which she conquered eighty years ego at the price of her
blood. A fortiori, the powers will be able to require
that a certain part of the Ottoman territory be annexed
to Montenegro, because the latter country is exposed
on the part of Turkey to far more serious dangers than
Turkey was on the part of Russia.
The claims of Montenegro ar© confined to the follow•
log points :

-1: Diplomatic recognition of her indcpendencej
2. Extension of her frontiers towards the Herzegovina
and Albania.
3. Definitive settlement of the boundary line towards
Turkey, such as it exists for the Austrian frontier.
4. Annexation of the port of Antivari to the Princi•
pality.

Your Excellency will convince yourself by this state-
ment of the situation and affairs of this nation, and I
doubt not your Excellency will take it into consideration
and will recommend it to the attention of his Majesty,
whose Christian charity and spirit of justice give us the
hope of not having made in vain this appeal to his gra-
cious beuevolenco.—Accept,

DArrir.o P. NJEROSE4
Prince of Montenegro and of Borda.
Cettigne, May, 1856.

St. Thomas's church, at Newport, in the Isle of
Wight, which has been rebuilt at an expense of 14,0001.,
will be opened in the latter end of November next. The
monument by Masechetti, to the daughter of Charles 1.,
which is to be placed i❑ the church by command of the
Queen, is nearly finished.
THE HARVEST IN THE NORTH OF SOOTLAND.—A
week of very bad weather has seriously interrupted
harvest operations in the north of Scotland. Heavy
rains have fallen, and a good deal of the heavy uncut
corn bas been hopelessly laid, but as a change for the
better had taken place in the weather it was expected
that this week most of the grain would be secured.
ALDERSHOT CAMP.—It appegrs from a return lately
issued that the total quantity of land purchased for the
camp at Aldershot is 7,062 a. 3r. 35p., at a cost of
131,4451. ls. 4d. In 1854-5, 48,0391. Els. 44. was ex-
pended in huts and new barracks; in 1855 6, 331,9471.
3s. Ild. ; and between the Ist of April and the 31st of
July, 1856, 106,5161. 2s. sd.
Another large nugget of gold has been found in Wick.
low by the same parties who were fortunate enough to
wake a similar discovery a few weeks since. The present
one is said to weigh 21b. "of pure clean gold," and was
found in the clay-slate rock. The names of the lucky
finders, according to a letter in the Freeman': Journal,
are John Regan, Garrat Kelly, and Michael Byrne.
DREADFUL OCCURRENCE.—On Saturday afternoon, a
poor labouring man, named Charles Harmsworth, was
employed, with others, repairing the roof of 5, Tilney-
street, Park-lane, and while in the act of carrying a
pailful of water along the parapet he was either seized
with a sudden giddiness, or overbalanced himself, falling
on the spikes of some iron railings, between 60 and 70
feet below, on which he was impaled. He was removed
to St. George's Hospital, but expired in a few minutes.
BURGLARY BY GERMAN SOLDIERS.—On Wednesday
three privates of the British German Legion, named
Wilhelm Hoffman, Gustav Barthman, and Adolph
Krumbholz, were taken before Mr. S. G. Cooke, at the
county magistrates' office, charged with burglariously
entering and robbing the dwelling house of Freder;ck
Wymark, under gardener to Mr. J. Gordon-Reblw, at
Wyvenhoe, on Tuesday night. Prisoners were remand-
ed for examination at the Castle.

A letter from the Hague of the 23d says :—" The
Minister of Finance yesterday presented to the Second
Chamber the budget for 1857. The expenses amount to
72,746,458 florins (about 2t. 15c. each), and the receipts
to 72,784,421 W, making a pre,:umable increase of
37,082f1. It is stated in the expcso of the financial state
of the country that the current year is not so favourable
as the one preceding, but that there is no deficit to be
feared. The principal point worthy of remark is that,
since 1850, 5G millions of the public debt has been re-
deemed, making a reduction in the rente of 2,290,0008."
- ALTERATIONS AT THE GlllLDHALL.—Tbeitoprovements
and alterations at the Guildhall are rapidly progressing,
and principally comprehend two new law courts, with
their necessary appendages, and the appropriation of a
portion of the ancient crypt of the building for the pur-
poses of a kitchen. The court-house at the south end is
intended as a supplementary court, and is being con-
structed in the area which was originally occupied as the
Bridge-house Comptroller's offices. That at the north
end is to be somewhat larger, and is situated on the site
of the old kitohen,

The following is the text of the note which the
Priuce of Montenegro has recently addressed 10 the
European Powers :
In the midst of critical circumstances and in i're•
sence of the projects and deliberations emanating Inns
the foreign powers, the Montenegrins people bite
maintained their calm attitude without, wearying the
Courts of Europe with a description of the pain
situation in which they have been placed for ages.
For 466 years the Montenegrin° people have re-
fused to submit to any power or to recognise the'
suzerainty of any lord ; on the contrary, they have
contended with arms in their hand for independence',
and have joyfully shed their blood upon the altar 0'
liberty. For four centuries and a half the Montour
grine people have sustained an incessant struggle with
the Turkish empire, once the most powerful in 140-
ropo. and before which all the States of Europe
trembled.
The blood of her heroes has bedewed every rock of her
lofty mountains, and Montenegro has preserved to Oil'
day her cherished freedom, The policy of tile great
powers would be gravely in fault if they failed to 07
int.) account the sacrifices which her people have marl
in behalf of Christianity the people who, amici the
Servian kingdom, the Byzantine empire, the kingd,loll,l
of Bulgaria, Bosnia, and Epirus, all of which succumb'
beneath the attacks of the Turks, defended thernselvo
proudly among their arid mountains, and who knew be°
to preserve, despite their poverty and privations, t?!,
most sacred possession that a nation can possess---b°'
independence.
The European Powers know but imperfectly, or bardll
at all, this 'people of the mountains. Kings have pot
concerned themselves about causing the independence o
this nation to be recognised and to enter into the gillt
family of the European states. One of the causes of th'
indifference—that which was inherent in the hierarchic'
organisation of the government—was lately removed bl
the restoration of the old system. Receiving neither
protection nor support from the Christian powers,_lrr,
ought to have ameliorated their position in gratitude If:
the services they have rendered to Christendom, tur
Montenegrine people have seen themselves confined to A
narrow space and compelled to combat for the re•acquisi.
tion of their ancient limits.
So long as Montenegro shall remain enclosed Wit
her present frontiers, her destiny will be the same as
that she has undergone for five centuries—that is to sal'
a constant and sanguinary struggle in order to regain her
former possessions.
Montenegro does not give up the territories she posy
sessed at a period already too remote, but deands bay"
the soil for which she fought in the most critical time,
with the same ardour that•she did for her independence,'
As for their independence, the Montenegrine PoPie
do not think it can be called in question ; at all times
they have had the right to make war or peace with Tut.
key, and they have frequently made use of this right.
At the time of the wars waged by the Christian 13"
tions against Islamism, the European governments ae•
manded the assistance of the Montenegrins, and these
always hastened to respond to the appeal, as the history
of Austria and the ancient republio of Venice records*
The French and the English only learned to know 11,1,
part the Montenegrins in the years 1808 14, when, le'
astray by foreign instigations, these last found thou'
selves placed between two fires. At that period the
Montenegrins still possessed Grahovo, Zchupa, Banjanir
Piva, Drobnjak, Kroushevitza, Zoubczi, Wassevitsbi,
as far as the rivers of Tora and Lima, and it is those veil
territories which are at this day the object of all their
contests with the Turks.
. It was at the price of their blood that the Montene.
grins conquered the entire coast of Catarre, which they
possessed till 1814, until the day when the Emperor
Alexander I. invited the metropolitan and the Monte-
negrins people to cede the coast of Cattaro to Austria, to
whom the Congress of Vienna had just adjudged it. The
Montenegrins submitted to the decision of the European
Powers, withdrew to their mountains, and abandoned
the coast to Austria. It was gross injustice this re*
pelling us entirely from the sea and leaving us not one
port,