The Sun.
London, England, 1851-04-23 00:00:00

CHANNEL ISLANDS.

Guernsey ...
Jersey ...

1,111

(From the Times.)
We resume our account of the principal features
which the Exhibition now developes, and, having
sketched the most attractive objects in the eastern or
foreign division of the interior, we now turn west-
ward into the space set apart for our native and colo-
nial products. And, first, of the display in the nave :
—The character of that display will present a curious
contrast to the manner in which our visitors from
abroad have decorated their section of the centre aisle.
Statues in bronze, marble, and plaster of Paris are
introduced there, and will attract some attention ;
but excellence has not been attained, for the most
part, in this department, and in fine arts we shall be
completely eclipsed. The Horse and Dragon of Mr.
M. C. Wyatt will be much admired, and the Dog, by
the same artist, treading on a serpent, will be exa-
mined with some curiosity. Our lawyers will survey
with interest,. if they fail to recognize any likeness to
the originals, two gigantic statues of Lords Eldon
and Stowell, seated, and looking as ponderous as the
learning of Vacs courts could be expected to make any
two individuals. Beyond these, and • looking down
from an appropriate elevation over the vast interior,
stands the statue of him who w as not for an age but
for all time. There is something extremely apposite
in the position which has been assigned td this me-
ritorious representation of the great dramatist,
and all classes of our countrymen will recognise with
unmingled satisfaction the presence among our na-
tional trophies of such an object. The great Cole-
brook-dale dome is up, but has not yet been divested
of its paper coverings. Rosse's telescope and the
fountains intended to ornament the nave are approach-
ing completion- The frame of the Spitalfields silk trophy
has been put u p. On Thursday a beautiful model of
the plan of the orchestra for the Exeter Hall Con-
certs of the Harmonic Society, arranged by Costa,
was brought in and placed. The larger models of
great bridges, and of the Liverpool Docks, are ap-
proaching compLetion. Chance's lighthouse, also, is
nearly finished, and forms an exceedingly effective part
of the general display. Over head the calico covering
of the roof ise rapidly spread out, and extends in long

strips like a low sandy shore at ebb tide. From each
of the 30 sections into which the British Industrial Ex-
b::en divided pour :oval upon the main ,
avenip iintnP:ise quantities of empty Int:L.-14 cases,
and on either side the eye glances down openings
and passages disclosing varied scenes of bustle and
preparation. Over the whole space swell at inter-
vals the pealing notes of the great organ cin the west-
ern gallery, as each pipe is tested, and the constructive
process ascertained to be properly performed. The
western half of the nave, true to the characteristics of
our national industry—will be more remarkable for
manufacturing and productive energy than for high
art—for the capital and the resources of a great em-
pire than for appeals to the imagination, the senses,
and the taste of spectators. We exhibit there, with-
out any reference to sightliness, enormous transverse
sections of mahogany trees, and blocks and planks of
Canadian timber—rough from the hands of the back-
woedsman. The gigantic specimens of our mineral
products will be disposed outside of the building, in
front of the western entrance. Foreigners will pause
before those great masses, arranged so as to resemble,
in some respects, the stupendous remnants of Egyptian
architecture, but of deeper significance to the contem-
plative mind than even those time. honoured memo-
rials of the Ptolemys and the Phsroahs. They will
not fail to observe in those vast blocks and obelisks of
coal a type of the force which sustains our national
industry, and an evidence of that enterprise which has
drawn from the bowels of the earth the deposits of
primaeval forests to light the forges of Birmingham, to
drive the cotton-mills of Manchester, and to warm the
hearths and darken the air of the great metropolis.
Other objects, also, will be examined with interest,
and among them those masses of granite and slate
which have been sent from our quarries as specimens.
Such materials illustrate the substantial and perma-
nent instincts of John Bull, and the vigour with which
he applies himself to the roughest and most inflexible
materials of nature in order to gratify his love of the
solid and enduring.
From the nave, and its continuation of analogous
objects beyond the western entrance, let us pass into
the department of machinery, on the north side of the
building. Nearly all the leading features of that in-
teresting department have now been developed, and
the exact character of the display may be accurately
and succinctly defined. From an early period it was
predicted that the collection would be more remarka-
ble for the excellence of each contribution, and for its
adoption of the most recent improvements, than for
any striking novelty. That anticipation turns out to
be well founded, and in this great branch of industry,
where we are comparatively without rivals, our repu-
tation rests mainly upon what the mechanical genius
of the country has already successfully adopted. Yet
there are points of interest to guide the steps of the
uninitiated visitor amid that wonderful display, some
of which from time to time we have attempted to
point out. He may pause for a moment to examine
Donnesthorpe's patent for opening cotton—a quarter
of the right in which he has disposed of, it is said, for
25,0001. Mather's invention fur printing calico in
eight colours is not yet ready, but will be soon_after
the Exhibition opens, and will attract great attention.
Another important novelty is the patent exhibited by
Dalton, of Manchester, for calico printing on both
sides. The show of Manchester tools by Whitworth
developes a new adaptation of the well known princi-
ple, that tubular frames, besides their other advan-
tages, are better adapted for resisting the strain of ma-
chinery than solid masses of metal. Mr. Whitworth
also claims to have solved a mechanical difficulty,
long felt by the scientific world, and often announced
as accomplished, but never hitherto successfully. He
exhibits a machine which it can be ascertained by the
touch, measures the 250,000 th part of an inch, and which
it is believed may be made to measure a millionth
part of the inch. Garferth, of Dukinfield, near Man-
chester, shows a very remarkable new rivettiog ma-
chine, in which the direct aetion of the steam piston
rod is substituted for that by levers under Fairbairn's
invention. An elastic and directly controlable force
is thus obtained by the simplest mechanical means.
The hydraulic press punch of Hick and Sons, from
Bolton, is illustrated by a small model ; yet the power
and beauty of the arrangement are obvious, and the ex-
hibitors produce specimens of what their patent can ac-
complish. Instead of one, this press has four cylinders,
and by this cumulative feature an enormous additional
strain is obtained. Maudalay, the well known engineer,
contributes two features to the display of machinery.
One is a highly finished connecting rod, the bearings of
which are of white iron instead of brass, thus securing
less friction and more durability. The other is un in-
genious machine for coining medals, which substi-
tutes the use of a cam instead of a screw,and gives a
result obtained by increased leverage instead of one
obtained by increased momentum. Of Mr. Appold's
centrifugal pump we have already spoken, but we
may observe, in addition, that it is now in working
order, and promises to be a very attractive object. By
it the inventor calculates that with a wheel 20 feet in
diameter, describing 531 revolutions per minute, he
onobi di.ehargo in that short time 5G0,000 g.llons of
water. For working in wood few mechanical con-
trivances are exhibited, but we may mention the mor-
ticing and tenon machines of Furness, from Liverpool,
and the sash-bar machines used by Fox cud Hen-
derson in the construction of the building. Westrup,
of Wapping, shows a new and ingenious construction
of a corn mill. Watkins and Hill a beautiful ex-
planatory model of the steam-engine. The only
marked novelty in the printing press department,
besides Applegarth's machine, is a hand press,
exhibited, we believe, by Ransom and May,
of Ipswich, and which inks itself. We have
now gone as minutely as the object of the
present notice would justify over some of the more
striking features of the department of machinery in
motion, yet, before we quit that part of the Exhibi-
tion, let us notice a rather remarkable implement for
plaining stone, produced there by an American con-
tributor named Morey. The railway section of the
Exhibition—that which for years past has absorbed so
large a portion of our mechanical and engineering
skill—will be examined with great interest by an in-
quiring public. Visitors will expect to see locomo-
tives set in order like so many prize oxen at a cattle
show, with an immense heating surface, huge driving
wheels, and a power of steam pressure astoundingly
great.
The department has only within the last few
days been opened, and we are unable therefore to judge
what position it may occupy in the general display ;
but already the anticipations to which we have alluded
have been realized in the arrival of a monster engine
contributed by the North-Western Railway, and the
largest and most powerful ever made to run on the
narrow gauge. This overgrown machine has driving
wheels eight feet in diameter, and is, in point of fact,
a moving mountain of iron. Two other locomotives
bad previously taken up their position • one, a small
racehorse, adapted for short branch lines or light
traffic, and having a tender combined with it, is ex-
hibited by 11r. England; the other, made by Ste•
phenson, on Crampton's patent, is a very interesting
contribution from the important principle which that
patent developes. An additional axle, without wheels,
is introduced to bear the strain of the machinery, and
the axle of the driving wheels is thus lightened of a
portion of the work which hitherto it has had to per-
form, and which has rendered it so apt to give way.
The only other object in the locomotive department
worthy of notice is Barlow's sleeper and rail combined
with continuous bearings. We pa,s on into the section
of fixed machinery and admire the splendid marine en-
gines of Bolton and Watts, and of Penn, remarkable for
their economy of space, their direct action, and the
finished workmanship they display. Then come the
Nasmyth hammer and the Britannia hydraulic press,
each wonders in their way, and well calculated to
astonish spectators by their very appearance without
seeing them in action. We hurry through the fine
arts court, which is now filling with a great variety
of models and specimens too numerous to allude to,
through the furniture court on the north side of the
nave, which contains a very splendid sideboard, from
Messrs. Cooke, of Warwick, elaborately decorated
with carved scenes from Kenilworth. Near at hand
the section of mineral manufactures is disposed, and
most prominent in that collection are the polished
granite, porphyry, and serpentine of Corn wall. The
specimens of chimneypieces, candelabra, vases, inlaid
tables, and other ornamental objects exhibited in these
materials, are surprisingly beautiful, and will take the
admiration of the public by storm. The Serpentine
Company of Penzance are the principal exhibitors of
this manufacture, which is a recent one in its origin,
arid in addition to its intrinsic excellence has thus the
charm of novelty.
Passing the envelope folding ma-
chine of Mr. De la Rue, which is not far off from the
point of the building at which we have now arrived,
we take the opportunity of correcting an error into
which we fell with regard to its invention. Mr.
Edwin Hill and Mr. Warren De la Rue are the joint
patentees._ The credit of the original idea, and of its
development to a considerable extent, are due to the
former gentleman, but he received indispensible as-
sistance from his co-patentee's mechanical ingenuity.
Mr. Edwin Hill is brother of Rowland Hill,
author of the penny postage t the great
amps, and it was while
prosecuting the details of changes consequent on that
reform that the thought of the envelope folder was
suggested. We have never seen a machine which so
nearly approaches to the characteristics of human
labour in its action, and whatever other objects in the
Exhibition escape observation, we predict that that
will not. Let us now ask our readers to step with us
for one moment into the carriage court—not to de-
cide on the relative merits of broughams, britzkas,
flys, dogcarts, gigs, jaunting cars, or any other form
of private vehicle, but to examine for one moment a
spick and span new omnibus presented for approval.
Of all metropolitan ills there is none which is entitled
to take precedence of the present " buss nuisance."
People read with a thrill of horror how the pirates of tt. e
Indian Ocean, when they capture prisoners, pen them
up in iron cages, where they can neither sit, stand, or lie
down, and thus expose them to the heat of a tropical
sun. But is that worse than the torture which the
unhappy Londoner suffers, who, compelled to take an

on
economical threepenny ride to one of the suburbs
a b,iling ~irowrii 117, fin.ls ..);-n.?:!If one 0! 13
of v.h.mn are raoth,::'s with ebildrend
" c-unt," and yet cannot be Equeev
or sat upon ? There he is, unable to sit up, hecBll9e
his hat will be smashed by bumping against the roof,
held as in a vice by the two passengers placed ou
either side of him—his corns trode upon by everybolj.
who comes in or goes out of the conveyance--n°
temper tried by everlasting stoppages, his kneecaps
almost torn off by the struggles and dangers of twat
middle passage. ' The omnibus now on vierf_lu
.st
the Crystal Palace is, we suppose, intended to aw,_
that evil—we trust that it may. We cross two
western end of the building, under the organ galleT
and pass along the department of agricultural irePTe
ments. The merits of that department we shall take
an early opportunity of pointing out in detail, 5n d
for the present we abstain from entering into Pat
culars. The farmer, however, who visits the
bition will find much to instruct him here. fie wi
learn, in the increasing energy of the implement
;
makers as a class, in the eagerness with which ~
have sought for accommodation within the CrYs"
Palace, in the excellence of their contributions as corn; •
pared with those of any other nation in the sala
class, some useful lessons with reference to the Po,t
and some cheering hopes for the future. He will gee
the deep anxiety founded on the sound basis of trad,
which exists among a body of highly enterprising en:
intelligent manufacturers to extend to agricultn,'
those mechanical aids which have raised other brancue
of the national industry to their present colossal Pra„.
portions. The public at large, too, though they raaJ
not be able to estimate the value of grubbers, ee'"',
fiers, clod crushers, pulverisers, and harrows---th°llll3B
able only to form a vague conception of what
vast and formidable array before them can accoiefo,
for the farmer, will yet gather enough to coeltn
them of the influence which the implement makers, o
a body, exercise upon the cultivation of the sat an
d
,
of the firm root which they have taken in the count'-'
as a producing interest. From the manufacturel o
essf
ploughshares and pruning hooks to those ef
peaceful weapons is but one step in the Crystal
Palace. The hardware and cutlery departments are
just beginning to show signs of life and arrange:ll6-r;
and it would be premature yet to speak of their elef'or
striking features. The stalls and hanging spaces,. d
the exhibition of textile fabrics are also unfureisfai;
and will be so almott to the last moment. Ti°"o
departments of the Exhibition can be got ready inof
few hours now, and the production at present
r,
delicate gcods, susceptible of tarnish and
the
in a variety of ways, would only be to destroy
~e
freshness when the opening takes place. Fernittlio
on the south, as well as on the north side, begins
come in fast now. Great mirrors are being erecter'',
carved oak chimneypieces put together, and Poi)!
hangers and decorators are busily engaged cornplet
specimens of ornamental side walls and ceiling
Everything, however, in these sections is still in sic
confused and imperfect a state that we cannot OPe°
of their leading features definitely. The trophy ..se;
lected to illustrate British furniture in the navel
handsome carved screen, which, however, will hardly
stand comparison with the chef-d 'mores of Vienne
and Florence. We hope for better things when ,he
f
courts on either side of the nave have been cornPle,,„"iii
equipped ; and the more so as we hear of a splenuhle
bookcase, elaborately carved and ornamented, 19.,t'd,
highest style of art, with inlaid marbles' trelt
brass doors and bronzes, and other sculptural dect",;
Lions. This work is said to have cost an itninea'a,
sum of money to its exhibitors, Messrs. 1-1011tal
Let us for one moment glance into the. sculpture
court for British artists. That court was eh°, °,:e
rously demanded by them at the outset as a Place
of refuge for their productions. But now they 7d
deserting it as fast as ever they can, and occUPV
spaces along the thoroughfares of the building
Had they produced among them many works
of merit the change of venue might have lleent
overlooked, but where there is so little shining 01,4,
displayed the exposure becomes somewhat paitre
The court assigned to them is a retired spot w'',„'he
mediocrity might have found a safe retreat.
Executive Committee, with an instinctive preselere
probably of what was coming, placed them behind 71
mediaeval reproductions of Pugin and his calli&r,b-°8
teurs, no doubt thinking that these would break
tide of curiosity and prevent its flowing further '"e
that direction. Of the mediaeval court itself we baste
already spoken, and it is unnecessary now to sag
more than that the preparations therein are raPl
approaching a close, and promise to prove very
nrgie
tractive to the large class of persons whose tastes
strongly retrospective. Our colonial exhibition, vie, b
pj
we now pass through, is still not sufficiently adverii,
to be spoken of with any degree of certainty, en",
~b,
same may be said of the Indian collection, Vii 7,01
however, we hear, will possess many most attraotb
objects. Shawls from Cashmere inwrought
silver and gold will be exhibited, and R' to
weapons ornamented in the most costly and elab°ll,-,
style of oriental art. Some interesting contribution,
from Nepaul are included, and, strange to say, 1"'
traps, door locks, and other articles of common 'Cr
, mestic ironmongery, which we think it not in3Prlje.
bable (though we have not seen them) originally
emanated from Birmingham. Such is a rapid and r„;
perfect sketch of the most prominent and interesir,,w
features which the British half of the Crystal 124°
at present exhibits.

RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS*
LIVERPOOL, APRIL 22.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The share market was firm to-eP
aSc-
and prices the same as quoted yesterday. The traliche
tions were as follow . - Birkenhead, Lancashire, and
ntro,
shire, 221. Shares, 4% dis.--East Lancashire, 173 A 64
Preference, Quarters, 7 13-16—Lancashire and Yorkshire,.,
—Manchester and Lincoln Union, % "clot%
Ditto, Halves, 12% dis. North British, 10%—North
fordshire, 6 .s#, dis.—Shrewsbury and Chester, 101. Shares,
dis. South-Eastern and Dover, 28% York and 14°r
Midland, 2778.
MANCHESTER, APRIL 22. STOCK EXCHANGI.—The share market was very o'#
400
day, and prices had a downward tendency. The transacw" est
were as follow :—Bolton, Birkenhead, Chester, and ao.
Yorkshire (B), 19—Eastern Counties, 7 11-16—East 74.
cashire, 17% —Great Northern, 18%—Lancashire and shire, 63%—Ditto, Fifths, 6% dis.—London ano 11(3.80,
Western, 1291/9 Ditto, New Quarters, 5 11-16 p.-- Pre,
cheater, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire, ',35Yg —Ditto, 10/. Vero
ference, 12 - North Staffordshire, 6% dis.—South-Eas'
and Dover, 27% c.—York and North Midland, 1 dis.
BIRMINGHAM, APRIL 22.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The only transactions reported to'd%
were— Shrewsbury and Birmingham (A), 37, dis.--212
Staffordshire, dis.

YORK, APRIL 21.
Srom EXCHANGE.—The transactions to-day We,`" „oit
follow :—York, Newcastle, and Berwick, k2%—Eastern
(A), 6%.

FRENCH RAIL WAY TRAFFIC;,
0
The following are the last returns of the gross '
ceipta of the principal French Railways :
NORTHERN.--From April 9 to April 15: Passenger*
203,165 t.; goods, 204,617 f.; total, 407,782 f.
ROUEN.—From April 6 to April 12 : PasseDgol*
65,7301.; goods, 77,077 f.; total, 142.807 f.
HA.VRE.—From April 6 to April 12 : Passenger*
22,789 f.; goods, 32,279 f. ; total 55,068 f.
ORLEANS.—From Apirl 7 to April 13 : PasseDgerh
79,680 F. ; goods, 124,576 f.; total, 204,256 f.
BORDEAUX.—From April 7 to April 13: Passes&del*
34,727 t.; goods, 49,003 f.; total, 83,730 f.
VIERZON.—From April 7 to April 13 ; passeng-
ern
42,419 f.; goods, 46,963 f.; total, 89,382 f,
BOULoGNE.From April 7 to April 13: passenger*
19,812 f.; goods, 17,048 f.; total, 35,816 E
NANTES.—From April 5 to April 11 passenger*
18,169 f.; goods, 15,717 f.; total, 33,886 f.
STRASBURG —From April9tol4Aop,9rBil6Els: Passe-148M 73,2211.; goodx, 67,7471.; total,
BALE.—From Mar. 31 to April 6: Passenger*
18,942'.; goods, 13,707 f.; total, 32,649 f.
MONTEREAU.—From April 2 to April 8: Passenger*
11,207 f.; goods, 13,4071. Ltctal, 24,614 f.
MARsEuLEs.--F ron2 Mar. 26 to April 1: Passe...we
38,162 f.;
goods, 29,602 f; total, 67,7461.
LYONS. —From Mar. 30 to April 5 : Passenger*
98,818 f.; goods, 40,472 E; total, 139,290 E
CHARTRES.—From Mar. 31 to April 6: Pallaencproot
24,8711.; goods, 14,930 f.; total, 39.801 f.
[A- ,e 0

__EYVERTISEMENT.] —Twenty Ulcers on the lit;t cured by Holloway's Ointment and Pills.--Extract of a leer
alo,
from 0. B. Knocker, dated Mount Gambia, South Austr boo
July 7, 1849. To Professor Holloway. Sir,—A cal ot•
just come under my observation in which the efficacy or /the
Ointment and Pills has been fully proved. A man hit
name of Joshua Smith had upwards of twenty ulcers 011
shins, which were so difficult to cure that almost every re r°ol
had been applied without any good effect. Your
Ointment were then resorted to, and in about six wee" %.,
was completely cured, and scarcely a mark is now to be 0.3.1•4,
Sold by all druggists, and at Professor Holloway's Eats
ment, 244, Strand, London.

BLIMILS.
OF A 8011.
On the 21st inst., at Eaton. place, the lion. Mrs. a psilet•
On the 18th inst., at the Rectory, Barrow, near Che'o,
the wife of W. C. Yates, Esq., late Captain Royal Drag°',„
OF A DAUGHTER Wife
On the 20th inst., at Highain-hill, Walthamstow, the
of F. A. Echalez, Esq.
°f
On the 20th inst., at Yarborough-villa, Ryde, the wlf
J. F. Wilkinson, Esq.

ARRIED.
00
On the 17th inst., at St. Mark's, Myddelton-square, - tot
Minot Acret, Esq., of Branford, Canada West, to
seventh daughter of Mr. Charles Faulkner, of Sells terrace, Haverstock -hill, Hampstead.

WED
elit''
On the 20th inst., at Hamilton-terrace, Greenwich, Li
ci 64.
Colonel Joseph Garner, of the Hon. E. I. C. Service, aged of
On the 20th inst, at Ipswich, John Phillips, Esq.,
'-
Camberwell-grove, aged 80.
lc, Dr.
On the 19th inst., at Cambridge-terrace, Hyde-Par
Bland, Esq., aged 75.
of
At Ryde, on the 18th inst., Rose Georgina, daughter
Colonel Markham, of Becca-ball, Yorkshire, aged 14. Serge
On the 19th inst., at Brookfield, near Arundel, D''''
William Holmes, Esq., aged 71. If '
On the 17th inst., at St. Clement's, Jersey, Charles
Polngdestre, E,q M.D., aged 51.

Oa
London I Printed and Published by MURDO YO„,„ 02°
No. 112, Strand, Peter, at The Sun Office, .°_,°.tv 4
Strand, in the Precinct sat the Savoy, ix* the roe'
Kiddlese; Wedneeday, April 23, 1851.