The Sun.
London, England, 1851-07-31 00:00:00

N°. 18,363 ] LONDON, TH U RSDAY EVENING SUN 7 JULY 31, 185

PUBLICATIONS.

This day is published, price 2s. 6d. ; or by post, 35.,-
rrIlE DUBLIN UNIVERSITY MAGAZINE
for AUGUST contains :

Fruits and Flowers : a Symposium in Summer.—The British Offl-
cer.—The Line of the Lakes.—Chatterton : a Story of the Year 1770.
Chap. 2. The Attorney's Apprentice of Bristol. Chap. 3. Female
Friends, and a Journey to London.—Pendennis.—Maurice Tierney,
the Soldier of Fortune. Chap. 40. " The Chateau of Ettenheim."
Chap. 41. An " Ordinary" Acquaintance. Chap. 42. The Count
de Maurepas, alias --. Warm Water versus Cold ! or a Visit to
Warmbrunn in Prussian, and Cirmfenberg in Austrian Silesia. Part 1.
—lrish Rivers, co. 8. Spenser's Streams, The Mulla and Allo.
Dublin: James M`Glashan, 50, Upper Sackville-street. Wm, S.
Orr and Co., 2, Amen-corner, London, and Liverpool. Sold by
all Booksellers.

TIIE OBITUARY OF THE GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE.
One of the principal features of the
rrHE GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE
11 is its Obituary, on the collection and preparation of which
great care is bestowed. The Magazine for AuGusT contains several
biographies of great interest, viz.—The Earl of Derby, K.G., Presi-
dent of the Zoological Society ; Viscount Melville, formerly First
Lord of the Admiralty ; Right Hon. William Lascelles, Comptroller
cf her Majesty's Household ; Admiral Sir Edward Coiringt,n,
G.C.B. ; Sir J. Graham Daiyell, Bart., the Scottish antiquary and
naturalist ; Lord Dundrernian, the Scottish judge ; Dr. Adams, toe
eminent Civilian ; Colonel Michell, late Surveyor at the Cape ; Mr.
ath),
Dyeg Sombre; Mr. Thorneycroft, of Wolverhampton ; Mr. St.
GeorgiLTg,clte East ludia Director; Sir George S. • ibbes,
M.D., late of B
Dr. Kennedy, the medical bibliographer ; Dr.
Alackness of Hapdings ; Mrs. Sheridan, author of " Carwell ;" Mrs.
Atthill (Mies 'Halsted), author of the Lire of Richard III.; Richard
Phillips, E R.S., the chemist ; D. M. Moir, Esq., the Delta of Black-
wood; Mr. Thomas Moule, the antiquary ; the Rev. Jelinger Sy-
mons; Rev. N. J. Halpin ; Tieck and Henning the Scuiptors, &c.,
Re. A. Biographical List of Clergymen Deceased; and Deaths of
the Nobility, Gentry, and other remarkable Persons. Price 2s. 6d.

THE TRAVELLER'S LIBRARY.
Just published, in 16mo, price Is.
WILLIAM PITT, EARL OF CHATHAM.
By THOMAS BABINGTON MACAULAY. Reprinted
from Mr. Macaulay's Historical Essays. Forming the Fifth Part of
THE TRAVELLER'S LIBRARY. To be continued Monthly, price
One Shilling each Part.
Part 1 contains WARREN HASTINGS. By T. B. Macaulay.
Part 2 contains LORD CLIVE. By T. B. Macaulay.
Part 3, LONDON in 1850-1851. By J. R. M`Culloch, Esq.
Part 4, SIR ROGER DE COVERLEY. From the Spectator.
. . .

With Notes and Illustrations, by vv . H. Wills.
Parts 6 and 7, on September 1, will contain Mr. S. Laing's JOURNAL
01 a RESIDENCE in NORWAY. Complete In 2 Parts, price Is.
each.
London : Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.

Fifth Edition, with new Supplementary Chapter, 10s. 6d., of the
STUDENTS MANUAL of MODERN HIS-
TORY. By W. COOKE TAYLOR, LL.D.

By the same Author,
STUDENT'S MANUAL. of ANCIENT HISTORY. Fifth Edi-
tion. les. 6d.
HISTORY of 310FIA MINIEDA.NISM. Cheaper Edition. 4s,
HISTORY of CHRISTIANITY. 6s. 6d.
London : John W. Parker and Son, West Strand.

Just published, Bvo., price Bs., cloth lettered,
APOPULAR SKETCH. of the Origin and
Development of the English Constitution, from the Earliest
Period to the Present Time.

By HENRY RAIKES, M.A., Barrister-at-Law, and Registrar of
the Diocese of Chester.

Vol. I. To the Accession of James I.
W. H. Dalton, Cockspur-street.

ILLUSTRATED HISTORY OF GREECE.
In one volume, crown Svo., price 95.,
THE HISTORY of GREECE, from the Earliest
Records to the Close cf the Peloponnesian War, including a
Sketch of the Geography of Greece, and Dissertations on Greek My-
thology—on the Heroic Age—on the Early Painters and Sculptors--
and on the Social Condition of the Greek People.

By E. 17660GICE,17;q:,Sir THOMAS N. TALFOURD, D.C.L.,
one of the Justices of her Majesty's Court of Common I- leas, the late
J. T. RUTT, Esq., and the Rev. J. B. OTTLEY, M.A., late Fellow
of Oriel College, Oxford. Illustrated by 140 Wood Engravings, by
Sargent and Gould.
Forming Vol. XV. of the CABINET EDITION of the ENCY-
CLOPEDIA METROPOLITANA.

CLASS V. No. 402. Facing the Great Hydraulic Press. Look
uut fora Banner 9 feet by 4, as beneath, W. S., jun., will be at
his Hydraulic, &c. Exhibits all this Week. Au Attendant at this
Site.

SHALDERS' PATENT
NORWICH PUMPS,
Work without Friction or Leakage, and do not Choke.
Twenty-six years practice has proved these ne plus ultra Hydrau-
lic Machines, in their average results, to be cent. per cent. the most
effective and durable, the best and cheapest in this world ; they are
readily applied to any motive rower to draw or force water, air, or
any not rapidly injurious fluids in any quantity, or to any height or
distance for any purpose, by W. S., jun., Norwich.
The beet Pumps there are. Dispute it who dare.
Agents required. For Sale and Repair.

The Great Exhibition and the Royal Polytechnic Institution.

All the most interesting Deposits at the Great Exhibition will, in

turn, be lectured on at the
R OYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION
AA; The present Lectures are on the Chemistry of the Minerals
at the Great Exhibition, incluling the precious Gems, Crystalisa-
lions, &c., by J. 11. Pepper, Esq. -- Popular Lecture by Dr I3achhoff-
ner on the Total Eclipse of the Sun. —The Rotation of the Earth, ex-
hibited by Foucault's Experiments.—The great economy of Cooking
by Gas explained.—A Lecture on the History of the Harp, by Frede-
rick Chatterton, Esq., with Vocal Illustrations.—Two Series of splen-
did Dissolving Views.—Diver and I iving Bell, &c.
The TOTAL ECLIPSE of the SUN.

-- -
A Popular Lecture on this subject. illustrated by a series of inter-
esting Diagrams, is given by Dr. Bachhoffner, daily at Three, and
every evening at Nine o'clock, in addition to all the other Scientific
Lectures, Exhibitions, &c.
Admission, Is.; Schools, Half-price.
Open daily from Half-past Ten to Five, and every Evening from
Seven till Half-past Ten.

LAURENT'S GRAND CASINO,
Licensed by Act of Parliament.
ARGYLL ROOMS,' GREAT WINDMILL-
STREET, ST. JAMES'S.
Sole Lessee, Charles Emile Laurent, Jun., S'T, Brompton-square.)
OPEN EVERY EVENING,
With LAURENT'S UNRIVALLED BAND.
Principal Cornet-a-Pistons, M. Boulcourt.
Doors open at Half-past Eight o'clock—Dancing to commence at
Mine and terminate at Half-past Eleven o'clock precisely.
Admission, One Shilling.

N.B. M. Laurent begs to state, by the wish of many of the pa-
trons of the above Rooms, that on SATURDAY, August 2, the
Programme of Dance Music will consist entirely of selections from
the National Music of Spain, being the second of a Series of Evenings
solely illustrating the Music of the different Nations of Europe.

BATT Y' S GRAND NATIONAL
HIPPODROME, Kensington.
Crowded nightly with rank and fashion to withess the most novel
and exciting entertainments ever presented to the public in London.
During the week will be presented a grand change of performance.
In addition to the usual evening's programme,
Mr. Batty has much pleasure in announcing to his Patrons that
THIS DAY, July 31, there will bo a Grand DAY PER-
FORMANCE. Doors open at One, to commence precisely at Two.
The entertainments in the Evening as usual.
On FRIDAY, Mr. Hampton, the celebrated Aeronaut, will make
his Seventh Ascent in his magnificent Balloon the Erin-go-Bragh,
precisely at Six o'clock. The doors on those occasions will be
opened at Four, in order to afford the public an opportunity of wit-
nessing the inflation in the centre of the arms.
Doors open at Five. Performance to commence precisely at Six.
Private Boxes
Admission to the Reserved Seats - 3s. Od.
First-class do.
Second do.
Third do.

CREMORNE.—Admission, One Shilling ;
Children, Half-price.
Aeronaut l' D
GA e
pAp
eGLruannadr odini, ionnt
hAes cite
:antbly tCrheemcoerl
ne be r
Ba taeldl
oo
nSpanish
On FRIDAY, by particular desire, a repetition of the Grand Ju-
venile Fete, and Night Balloon Ascent with Fireworks.
On SATURDAY—The Feast of Roses.
At Four o'clock in the Afternoon, and half-past Eight Evening,
Francont's celebrated Equestrian Troupe, from Le Cirque National
de France, no charge made for the Four o'clock performance. M.
ilosislo, the celebrated composer of dancing music, conducts the great
Cremorne Band, and will, for this week only, execute all the music
which he composed and conducted at her Majesty's Ball at Bucking-
ham Palace on the 14th July. Exhaustless entertainments daily, in-
cluding the Bosjesmans or Bush People, Deulin's Ballet, the Ethio-
pian Serenaders, the Brothers Elliott, the double-sighted Youth,
Cantello's Egg-hatching, the Bowling Saloon, &c. Doors open at
half-past Two, admission Is., Children half-price. The Hotel affords
every accommodation for private and public dinner and suoper par-
ties. Steam-boats and o•nnibuses nightly after the entertainments,
the transit being superintended by Directors.
On Sunday the Gardens are open in the afternoon for refreshment,
admission by refreshment card 6d. Table d'Hote at Four and Six
o'clock, 2s. 6d

a";
DR. CULVERWELL'S NEW WORKS.
To be had of Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row ; C
rval '
39,p, Is. 6d.
cornhill ; or direct from the author ,
14
price7,Floneeets-shiltreuengt ;
each;Mann,
by Post,
OF LIFE.
"Health, Recreation, and rational Use of Time.':.,:
CoNTErrrs:—Early Rising—Spring and Summer Ifornings—E,
aursions about the Environs of London—The Parks, Lane., Hills,
Forests, Fields, High-roads, and other pleasant places—Countr
Trips and Rambles—The Sea—London at Night—Evening., at HomYe
—Musie—The Drama—On Eating, Drinking, Sleeping, Bathing, Air,
Rost, Ease, Occupation, &c., &o.
ri.
FRAGMENTS FROM THE MOUNTAINS. Two Vols.
WI.
A VISIT TO THE TAXES; SKETCH. OF EDINBURGH, lac

tot. 11.
TEE LAKES OF KILLARNEY ; REMINISCENCES OF
DUBLIN, &a.
M.
WHAT TO EAT, DRINK, AND AVOID.
"That three seore years and ten our course may ran."
A popular review of almost every form (cause and cure) of ner-
vously-debilitated health and enfeebled constitution, that harasses
the young, besets the man of pleasure, business, er study, and em-
sitters old age, with tables and rules for the dint and pbysical reg-n-
-stion of every-day life.

THE PASSIONS.
" What passions hurt the body—what improva.
Truths as refined as Athens ever heard."

tit73llol : -Life's pilgrimage, from infancy to old age. The advent
of the passions. Chastity and its infringements. The casualties cf
lie mtionsness and dissipation, with illustrations, graphic, narrative,
and remediative. Advocacy of early marriages.:
V.

THE MARRIAGE STATE.
" TO be or not to be, that is the question."
soossatsra :—Laws and obligations of nature, society, and ro-
ll ;ion regarding marriage, to bo observed by either sex. Time and
choice, on both sides, as to ago, temperament, complexion, and
figure, to secure healthy offspring, with the art of rearing them.
Physical defectiveness and its removal. Sterility and its conversion.
Oases, lac.

By R. J. CULVERWELL, M.D. (1841), M.R.C.S. (1827), L.S.A.
1130. _ Twenty-five years Medical and Forensic Referee in these
matter.. Reception hours daily till five, Zvaaings, lev*ll till ninC
10 AF1A9149% Began:WO*

THE LONDON NECROPOLIS AND
NATIONAL MAUSOLEUM COMPANY.
Capital 250,0001., in 25,000 Shares of 101. Depoit Is. per Share.
Calls not to exceed 2/. per Share, with one Month's notice.

(Provisionally Registered.)
This Company is established for the purpose of affording a Metro-
politan and National Necropolis at such a distance from London as
public health and convenience require, upon a scale of magnitude
commensurate with the annual mortality of a rapidly increasing po-
pulation, and capable of meeting the exigencies of unwonted visita-
flora of disease.
For. the prospectus and forms of application for shares, apply to
the Secretary, at the Offices of the Company, No. 16a, Great George-
street, Westminster ; to the Solicitors, Messrs. Coombe and Nickoll,
3, Bridge-street, Westminster; and Alexander Dobie, Esq., 2, Lan-
caster-place, Strand; or to Messrs. Ilichens and Harrison, Stock and
Share Brokers, 18, Threadneedle-street, City.
RICHARD CHURCHILL, Secretary,

THE GREAT SOLAR ECLIPSE
It is impossible to over-rate the interest which men of all
classes appear to take in the forthcoming phenomenon; millions of
eyes will be directed to the one great object ; every telescope in the
parts of the world where the eclipse will be visible must be in re-
quest ; pails of water, smoked glasses and coloured ones, everything
that can assist the sight by reflection or refraction, will be occupied
by the different classes, from the philosopher to the schoolboy. There
has not been such a sensation created since the building of the Great
Clothes Mart of E.,MOSES and SON. Then, as now, for days be-
fore the opening, it was in everybody's mouth, and public curiosity
was on tiptoe ; nor will the surprise and gratification felt at the
eclipse of the sun be greater than the astonishment of the public the
first time the doors of the Mart were thrown open. Its fame spread
far and wide, until it was talked of east, west, north, and south, in
all qu ,rters of the globe. At' this time there is such a display of
fashion •at the Monarch Mart, that everything of the kind is
ECLIPSED. E. MOSES and SON have ECLIPSED everybody
who has 'attempted a show of dress. Every article of theirs is per-
fect ; all, in fact, that can be wished by the most fastidious man of
fashion is there in perfection, while hundreds of the best tailors in
Europe are ready to make anything to measure in an incredibly short
time. But Messrs. E. MOSES and SON cannot too earnestly assure
their friends that the articles in stock are in all respects the same in
quality of material, 'neatness and durability, taste and design, the
same as if made to measure, and that the only reason fur charging
more is the making singly instead of making a hundred or more at a
time ; so that if a gentleman happens to fit himself from the stock,
he has equally a first-rate article.
E. MOSES and SON,
London City Establishment, 154, 155, 156. and 157, Minories, 83,
44, 85, and 85, Aldgate, opposite the Church, all communicating.
London West-end Branch, 506, 507, 508, New Oxford-street, 1,2,
and 3, Hart-street, all communicating.
Bradford " Yorkshire" Branch, 19, Bridge-street.
Sheffield Branch, 36, Fargate.

Tailors, Clothiers, Hatters, Hosiers, Furriers, Boet and Shoo-
nakers, and General Outfitters for Ladies and Gentlemen.

The Establishments aro closed from sunset Friday to sunset Ba-
t irday, when business is resumed till Twelve o'clock.

LIVERPOOL CURRENCY REFORMERS.

Whatever opinion may be formed of the specific re-
medy which Mr. Duncan and many who agree in the
main with him, propose for the evils of the present cur-
rency laws, there can be no doubt in the minds of im-
partial inquirers that great alterations in these laws are
required, and that most important improvements may
he made. We may appeal to the report of the Com-
mittee of the House of Lords on the commercial distress
of 1847 as conclusive as to the necessity of a revision ot
the present system. The Act of 1844, they reported, has
not prevented commercial excitement and depression, nor
checked improvident speculation, nor proved a security
against violent fluctuations in the value of money, nor
lessened the number and extent of commercial failures,
nor corrected railroad speculation, nor promoted the
power of obtaining banking accommodation on mode-
rate terms. Sir Robert Peel himself considered this
document as so condemnatory of his monetary policy,
that he could not refrain from publicly expressing
his annoyance at its appearance. Nor was the opinion
of their Lordships' Committee arrived at without
extensive investigation and mature consideration.
The ma‘s of evidence collected by them proves their di-
ligent attention, to the object for which they were ap-
pointed, viz., the examination of the causes of the panic
of 1847. But were all the facts which could be adduced
in proof of the injurious tendency of the Act of 1844 to
be collected, they would fill blue books beyond all limit
of Parliamentary patience. The town of Liverpool might
itself furnish abundant testimony on this head. Let us
take that of Mr. Samuel Holme, who recently presided
at the Liverpool Currency meeting. He said— •
" One of the greatest errors in the late Sir Robert
Peel's Bill was, that in periods of great depression it
made no distinction between a man whose credit was
good, and whose property at his banker's was undoubted
in real value—it made no distinction whatever, in case of
a panic, between a man who was trading on a borrowed
capital and another who was trading on his own capital.
He felt the effect of that very strongly in his own case.
in the year 1847. It so happened, that in that year he
had a great body of workmen employed on certain
railways which he had under contract. In that year,
during the panic, he was placed in this position, that,
with credit and property at comrnand,efar away more
than ho wanted, it was impossible for the banks, in con-
sequence of the restricted currency at the time, to find
him either bullion or bank notes. Any security he could
have given them, but they could not obtain the money;
and ultimately it was with great difficulty that they were
able to pay their workmen, and then it was by Govern.
ment itself doing an illegal act which gave them relief;
tad if this had not been done, he should have been cons •
polled to discharge several hundred men, not because he
mid not the means of paying them, but because the
bankers had not the means of giving it to him. Several
eminent merchants and tradesmen told him that they
were in the same position at that time, and if it had
continued a week longer—if the Government had not
been driven to do an illegal act—his workmen and the
workmen ot several other firms, would have had to walk
about the streets. It was for the purpose of getting rid
of such a calamity as this that ho hoped something
would be dune to make an alteration in our present cur-
rem/ regulations."
We respectfully request the merchants of Liverpool to
ponder these facts. Tnis statement is made by one
whom they know, a practical man of business. Mr.
Duncan labours under this disadvantage, that he is a
man of popular talent, that he is a scholar, that he is an
enthusiast in the cause of monetary reform, that he has
made great sacrifices for the opinions which he so ably
advocates ; and therefore many who most fully admit
his seal and undoubted ability, speak of his views as
theoretical. Very well. Hear, we say, what practical
men, of business habits, and whose interest is concerned,
say about the existing monetary system. 11 eloquence
and disinterestedness are to cause a man's opinions to be
open to suspicion, discard these dangerous endowments,
and go to facts, and men of facts. And if on an appeal
to facts it should be proved that Peel's monetary sys-
tem is a monster evil, which involves this country
periodically in distress and ruin, then we tell the
merchant princes of Liverpool that they have
a duty to perform, for the neglect of which no ex-
cuse can be invented. They have a duty to perform to
themselves and to their country. And they have, above
all, a duty which they owe to the most numerous and
most helpless class of their fellow•countrymen. Mr.
Holme tells you that if in 1847 Government had not il-
legally suspended the operation of Peel's Bill, his work-
men, 1,200 or 1,500 in number, must have been turned
out of employ. Mr. Holme, with ample means at com-
mand, might have been ruined, but his workmen, with
their wives and 'families, would have been deprived of
their daily bread. A working man's labour alone stands
between him and destitution. The effects of a monetary
crisis, though first felt by rich bankers and merchants,
find their way to the habitation of the humblest of the
producing classes. A drain of gold from the Bank, less
legal tender attainable by the merchant, the manufac-
turer, the contractor, means less food, worse clothing,
wors 3 lodging—or the lodging of the workhouse—for the
patient sun of toil. The poor man knows least about the
currency-laws—hafeels their evil effects most. And, there-
fore, it is that we impress it as a duty on the rich and
powerful to endeavour to obtain a revision of these most
pernicious and unjust laws. It is vain to subscribe to
charities, to build schools orhospitals, to devise means for
improving the condition of the working classes, while you
allow a system which may ono day cause thousands of
workmen to be thrown destitute on the streets, to remain
in force. We mean not to say theta reform of the monetary
system will remove all the evils which flesh is heir to.
With the best and wisest laws which man can frame,
vice and improvidence will still produce suffering.
Ignorance and want of judgment even, will still entail
distress on the poor. And after all is done that can be
done, there is still much human woe which no human
wisdom or foresight can prevent or alleviate.
"How small, of all that human hearts endure,
That part which laws or kings can cause or cure."
But we are bound by every right principle to do all that
we can to remove the sufferings which bad laws cause,
and to cure the evils which admit of cure, by the enact-
ment of good ones. Ris with such feelings that we call
upon the people of Liverpool not to be content with
talking about the currency question, but to do something
to endeavour to obtain redress for the greatest evil of
modern legislation. Redress will be obtained, sooner or
later. The nation is bound over by security to the
amount ot eight hundred millions to revise the money
laws. Let nu one dream that the currency question will
be " disposed of" while tho debt remains. And there
are numbers of thinking men—and they are daily in-
creasing—who will persevere, under any circumstances,
in the attempt to rescue their country from the thral-
-1
dom of the money power. We believe our principles
to be true, and most importantly true; and truth, we
never doubt, will prevail at last.—Derbyshire Courier.

[ A DVERTISEMENTI—THE GREAT EXIIIBITION.---
A valuable, newly-invented, very small powerful waistcoat
pocket glass, only the size of a walnut, to discern minute ob-
jects at a distance of from four to five miles, which is found to
be invaluable at the Exhibition, and to Sportsmen, Gentlemen,
and Gamekeepers. To be had at 39, Albemarle-street,
Piccadilly, opposite the York-hotel. Opera and Race-course
glasses with wonderful powers—a small object can be clearly
seen from ten to twelve miles distant. Telescopes—a new and
most important invention in Telescopes, possessing such extra-
ordinary powers, that some, 3i inches, with an extra eye piece,
will show distinctly, Jupiter's Moons, Saturn's Ring, and the
Double Stars. They supersede every other kind, and are of
all sizes, for the waistcoat pocket, shooting, military, and sea
purposes. Messrs. S. and B. SoLomoszs, Opticians, have
invented invaluable preserving Spectacle Lenses Immediately
they are placed before imperfect vision, every object appears
clear and distinct, the most aged defective sight becomes bright
and brilliant, is brought to its youthful, natural and original
state. The Invisible Organic Vibrator, and all kinds of acoustic
instruments for relief of extreme deafness. 39, Albemarle-
street, Piccadilly, opposite the York Hotel.
We understand that the Hon. Win. Ernest Dun-
combe, eldest son of Lord Feversham, will be united in the
secondbeginningh
d daughter
go the
f ensujianingniGornathhto,
Bart. Miss Mabel Graham,
terof Sir es Graham,

Name of Company.

lustralasia • • •.......
33ritshN orth American
Ceylon • . • • .. • •
Commercial of London
Colonial.. ....
Gloucestershire ......
lonian ..............
London and County ..
..oudn and Westmmstr
London Joint-Stock...
Provincial of Ireland..
Ditto, New.........
lational of Ireland ..
Vat. Provncial of Eng.

Ditto, Now. . •• ••
South Australia • • • • ..
Union of Australia....
Jnion of L0nd0n.....
Union of Madrid

Name of Company.

Dividend
per

Annum.

41. per cent.
st. per cent.

61. per cent.
21. per cent.
15/per cent.
151. pr cent.,
61. per cent.
61. per cent.l
61. per cent.
81. per cent.
81. per cent.'
51. per cont.
61. per cent.
Si. per cent.
61. per cant.
61. per cent.
61. per cent.
61. per cent.

East London. ..... •• •• G. per cent.

Grand Junction •• •... 1 41. per cnt.

gent .• •• • • 41. per cit.

--- -
Lambeth .. • • • • • • • • • • 151. per cnt.
New Myr Lndn Brdge 41. Os.
Vauxhall .. •• • • •... Al. per cnt.
West Middlesex • . • 61.05. pr cat.

DOC

Dividend
per

Name of Company.

Ainum.

Amount
of
Share.

X e. d.
40 0 0
50 0 0
25 0 0
100 0 0
100 0 0

25 0
50 0
100 0 0
AO 0
100 0
10 0 0
50 0 0
100 0 0
20 0 0
25 0 0
25 0 0

4 s. d.
500 0 0
1100 0 0
iLoo 0 0
Lie
, 50 0 0
100 0 0
100 0 0
50 0 0
50 0 0
'lOO 0 0
20 0 0

Stock.
100 0 0
500 0 0
1100 0 e
100 0 0
100 0 0
100 0 0
50 0 0
25 0 0
25 0 0
100 0 0
50 0 0
5 0 0
20 0 0
50 0 0

6 5 0
100 0 0
5 0 0
Stook.

20 o
100 0 0

Amount
of
Share.

Commercial • • •• •• •• • •
East and West Ind4a ...
East Country
London •• • • •• • •• ••

Paid,

141. rer cent.
61. pr cent.
203. per sh.
51. pr cent.
41. per cent.
3% per cent.
4%1. pr cent.
21. per cant.

Ditto Bonds•• •• •• ..
it. Katharine • • •• • • • •

X a. d.
Stock.
Stock.
100 0 0
Stock.

Ditto Bonds• • •• .. ••
Southampton •• •• •• ••

BRIDG:

X B. d.

Paid.

Name of Compsny.

Dividend
per

Annum.

Stook.

50 0 0

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Price

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54
245
184
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156
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Ditto Nw of 7 % P.C.
Waterloo ............
Ditto Old Ann. of 81.
Ditto Nw ditto of 71.
Vauxhall .... .• • Av.

70s. per cent

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50 0 0
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A 8. d.

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raid.

£. s. d.

84
141%

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THE CENSUS FOR 1851.

From the summaries of the 40,000 enumerators em-
ployed in taking the census a series of tables have been
compiled, and presented to both Houses of Parliament,
showing the population and houses in the divisions,
registration counties, and districts of England and Wales,
in the counties, cities, and burghs of Scotland, and in
the Ishnds in the British Seas.
The various accounts from which the whole has been
compiled have not yet undergone final revision; but, as
we are preliminarily informed, no errors sufficient to in-
validate the fair inferences to be drawn from these
figures need be feared—careful scrutiny will only detect
minute inaccuracies.
From this interesting and important document it would
appear that the population of Great Britain and of the
Islands in the British Seas, as enumerated on March
31st, 1851, was 20936,468; and that the part of the
army, navy, and merchant service belonging to Great
Britain, but out of the country when the census was
taken, has been estimated from returns to have been

167,604; that of the total number of these persons,
21,104;07.2, 10,360,325 (including the 167,604 absent
soldiers and sailors) were males, the remaining
10,743,747 females; and the preponderance of females
over males 383,422.

The actual increase in the intervals of the censuses
between 1801 and the present year has been steady, and,
till within the last interval, progressive. The total in-
crease in Great Britain and the Islands in the British
Seas, for these fifty years, has been 10,317,917—that
from 1841-51 being 2,227,438; for 1831.41, 2,260,749;
for 1821-31, 2,184,542; for 1811.21, 2,132,896; for 1801-
11, 1,479,562. The population (thus nearly doubled)
numbered, therefore, in 1801, it will be seen, 10,567,893
souls, whereas it now counts 20,936,468. This result is
somewhat, but not materially, disturbed, by some varia:
lions at the different periods in the mode of enumerating
the army and navy. Females, of course, such circum-
stances do not affect, and the actual increase in their
number during the fifty years under review is said to
have been 5,198 063, whilst that of males is computed at
5,119,854. The proportion maintained between the
sexes has fluctuated considerably at the different periods
quoted; from 1801-11, for instance, the increase of males
was 710,922, that of females, 768,640. In the next
period the scale is turned, and against an increase of
males of 1,137,804 we have that of females 995,092.
There were in 1801 in Great Britain and the Islands in
the British Seas 5,025,035 males, 5,542,856 females.
There were on March 31, 1851, excluding the absent
soldiers and sailors mentioned above, 10,192,721 males,
10,743,747 females. The rate of increase per cent. for
the entire population for fifty years has therefore been
98 per cent.; the annual rate of increase per cent. in
fifty years, 1,37.
Of the whole number (20,936,468) thas enumerated
on 31st March last, England and Wales contained
17,922,768 persons; Scotland, 2,870,784; and the Islands
in the British Seas, 142,916. In each the number of
females is greater than that of males. In England and
Wales there were, at the enumeration, houses inhabited,
3,280,961; in Scotland, 366,650; in Islands in the British
Seas, 21,826; uninhabited in England and Wales,
152,896; in Scotland, 11,956; Islands in the British Seas,
1,077; building in England and Wales, 26,534; Scotland,
2,378; Islands in the British Seas, 202.
Coming next to "divisions" and "registration coun-
ties," the reader is somewhat puzzled at the alteration
here made in the position of the local landmarks on
which he has been accustomed to rely. The registra-
tion counties, for instance, comprise groups of registra-
tion districts generally conterminous with poor-law
unions; consequently the aggregates of such districts
seldom correspond with the precise boundaries of the
actual counties. According to these arrangements, the
enumeration at Bristol—which is included in one division
—occasions some surprise till viewed by that of Bedmin-
ster, which is placed in another; the apparent inconsist-
ency then disappears. First, then, in the London
including parte of Middlesex, Surrey, and Kent, we have
enumerated, for 1851, 2,361,640 persons, 1,103,730 of them
males, 1,257,910 females. Of this total male and female,
Middlesex (part of) supplies the largest proportion,
1,745,095; Surrey (part of) the next, 482,310; and Kent
(part of) the third, 134,235. The London division, in
1801, contained 958,863 souls, and there has been an in-
crease of 1,394,963 between that time and the present.
The rate of increase during the five decennial periods
which it includes has not fluctuated to any remarkable
extent. For the half century it has been 145.51; annual,
1.81.

The South-Eastern Division, made up of Surrey (ex-
tra metropolitan), Kent (extra metropolitan), Sussex,
Hampshire, and Berkshire, contained a population in
1801 of 878,066; in 1851, 1,619,351; the increase,
741,295; and the rate of increase for the half century,
84.42.

The South Midland Division—consisting of Middlesex
(extra metropolitan), Hertfordshire, Buckinghamshire,
Oxfordshire, Northamptonshire, Huntingdonshire, Bed-
fordshire, and•Cambridgeshire—which in 1801 numbered
707,322 persons, increased its population in the half
century by 526,560, and at the rate of 74.44 in the fifty
years.
The Eastern Division—Essex, Suffolk, Norfolk—pro-
gressed at the rate of increase for the half century c•f
59%8, its population growing from 696,223 to 1,111,701,
an addition of 415,478 during that period.
The South-Western Division— W iltshire, Dorsetshire,
Devonshire, Cornwall, Somersetshire—enumerating in
1801 a population of 1,100,314, shows now a difference of
697,938, having mounted up in the interval to 1,798,252,
the rate of increase for the half century 63.43.
The West Midland Division—Gloucestershire, Here-
fordshire. Shropshire, Staffordshire, Worcestershire,
Warkwickshire—advancing in the fifty years at the
rate of 95'65, has now a population of 2,131,604, where,
in 1801, it numbered only 1,089,491. The difference is
1,042,113.

The North Midland Division—Dicestershire, Rut-
landshire, Lincolnshire, Notts, Derbyshire—with a popu-
lation in 1801 of 651,197, and an increase sinco then of
562,791, has at present 1,213,988; the rate of increase
for the period 86-42.
The North- Western Division—Cheshire and Lanca-
shire—by an addition of 1,609,722, has progressed from
872,663 to 2,482,386; the rate of increase in the fifty
years being 184-46.
The York Division—West Riding, East Riding (with
York), North Riding—advancing at the rate of 109.76
in the half century, adds 934,397 to its population of
1801, and has now 1,785,680.
The Northern Division—Durham, Cumberland, West-
moreland—shows an increase for the fifty years at the
rate of 98,47—a population of 485,347 having grown
into ono of 963,277; difference, 477,930.
The Welsh Division—Monmouthshire, South Wales,
North Wales—has now a population of 1,183,517, and
had in 1801 ono of 601,767. The increase has been
581,750; and the rate of increase 96.67.
Coming next to the sub-divisions, of which these
divisions are made, we find that in the London divi-
sion—

Middlesex (part of) had in 1801 a population of
746,718, and has now one of 1,739,902. Surrey (part
of) bad then 161,642; has now 480,472. Kent (part of)
had then 50,503; has now 133,452.
In the South-Eastern division, Surrey (extra metro-
politan) has, in the half-century, advanced from a popu-
lation of 109,561, to one of 202,495; Kent (extra metro-
politan), from 258,450 to 480,794; Sussex, from 161,306
to 338,877; Hampshire, from 217,741 to 398,041; Barks,
from 131,008 to 199,154.
In the South-Midland division, Middlesex (extra me-
tropolitan) has a population of 150,615, where half a
century ago it had 77,582; Herts, 173,963, instead of
101,802; Bucks, 143,670, instead of 95,827; Oxford-
shire, 170,286, instead of 112,194; Northamptonshire,
213,784, instead of 128,245; Huntingdonshire, 60,320,
instead of 34,704; Beds, 129,789, instead of 66,176;
Cambridgeshire, 191,455, instead of 90,702.
In the Eastern division, Essex, in 1801, containing
201,408 persons, has now 342,785; Suffolk then 214,690,
now 335,704; Norfolk, then 271,125, now 433,212.
In the South-Western division, Wilts has in the fifty
years increased its population from 173,906 to '241,003,
Dorset from 109,646 to 177,294, Devon from 343,223 to
568, 623, Cornwall from 193,039 to 355,223, Somerset
from 281,500 to 456,109.
In the West Midland division, Gloucestershire num-
bers now 418,226; in 1801, 228,895 ; Herefordshire now
99,112, then 75,260 ; i Shropshire, now 245,019, then
182,695 ; Staffordshire, now 258,762, then 132,423 ;
Warwickshire, now 479,979, then 216,135.
In the North Midland division, the population of Lei-
cestershire has advanced from 133,975 to 234,931 ; of
Rutlandshire, from 18,311 to 24,272 ; of Lincolnshire,
from 205,340 to 399,633 ; of Notts, from 152,573 to
294,438; of Derbyshire, from 140,998 to 260,707.
In the North-Western division, Cheshire, which in
1801 enumerated 189,411, has now 423,356 ; Lanca-
shire, which then numbered 683,252, has experienced
an increase of 1,375,777, and contains now 2,059,029.
In the Yorkshire division, too, the growth has been
considerable. The West Riding has added 762,977 to a
population which, in 1801, amounted to 576,336 ; the
East Riding (with York) from 127,241 has advanced to
252,001. The North Riding increasing 147,706 by
46,660, enumerates now 194,366.
The Northern division shows considerable progress.
Durham in 1801 showing 159,161, shows now 408,896;
Northumberland has changed 168,078 for 301,205;
Cumberland, less rapid in its strides, has moved on from
117,230 to 194,803; and Westmoreland adds 17,495 to
the 40,878 which it numbered fifty years ago.
The Welsh division gives some more surprising re-
sults. Monmouthshire from 54,750, has advanced to
176 276; South Wales has more than doubled its popu-
lation, 299,644 having become 604,022; and North
Wales nearly doubled its numbers, 247,373 being
changed for 403,219. As the general result of these
calculations, we found that the population of England
and Wales enumerated on March the 10th, 1801, and
the few following days, was 8,892,536; the population of
England and Wales enumerated on March 31, 1851, ex-
clusive of persons sleeping in vessels, was 17,877,473;
the difference, 8,984,937, is given as the increase. The
population of 1801 is exclusive of the army, navy, and
merchant men; the population of 1851 includes the army
in England, under the several counties in which the sol-
diers slept or abode on the night of March 30. Conse-
quently the increase may be somewhat over stated.
The population of the various districts in 1841 and
1851 is next recorded. In Kensington there were in
1841, 74,898 persons, there are now 119,980; in Pan-
-1 eras there are now 167,198, there were then 129,969;