The Sun.
London, England, 1833-01-17 00:00:00

DON PEDRO'S ARMY.

IMPERIAL HEAD-QUARTERS AT OPORTO,
JANUARY 5
ORDER OF THE DAY.

his Imperial Majesty the Duke of Ilrag,fanzaßegent, in

the name of the Queen, and Commander-in-Chief of the
Liberating Army, has been pleased to transmit to me a
Carta Regia to the following effect :
" Baron John Baptista Solignac, Marshal of the Army.—
My friend—l, Duke of Braganza, Regent in the name of
the Queen, greet you as one whom I much esteem.
Having nominated you by my Decree of this day's date
Major-General of the liberatlng army, and it being desir-
able to make known to the army the attributes inherent i❑
so eminent a command, I hereby declare, that in this qua-
lity you will exercise in my name all the military autho-
rity necessary for the execution of whatever may be requi-
site for the good of the service and the general interests of
the army, whether in submitting to me the different plans
which you think proper, or in putting them into execution
after they have received my approbation, you being the
sole and only organ of my orders relating to the army, who
are hereby required to obey whatsoever you command in this
respect, as implicitly as if it had been ordained by myself.
Confiding in your experience, talents, and military skill,
I trust that you will employ in the exercise of such impor-
tant functions, the same zeal as you have constantly shown
through the whole course of your long and honourable
military career in fivour of liberty.
" Written in the Palace of Oporto, on the 3d day of the
month of January, 1833.
" Don PEDRO, Duke of Braganza.
" AGOSTINHO JOSE FREIRE."

Having the honour to communicate to the army the
above diploma, it becomes my duty to make known to it
the line of conduct I shall unalterably pursue in the exercise
of the important authority which, in generous confidence,
his Imperial M.jesty has vouchsafed to confer upon me.
Devoted during the whole career of my life to the cause
of liberty, nothing can he so delightful to me—nothing so
glorious—as to see myself this day under the orders of a
Prince who knows so well how to appreciate that noble
cause. Placed at the head of an army which has dis-
played the most praiseworthy evidences of constancy, of
valour, and of endurance, while it has with the most
exalted loyalty, and most distinguished perseverance,
striven to defend the rights of its Queen, so treacherously
usurped, and to reconquer the palladium of the liberties of
its country which have been so scandalously trampled
upon ; thus pursuing, at every sacrifice, the triumph of
the cause of justice, loyalty, and national honour ! Identi-
fied, then, with this illustrious army, and devoted, by con-
viction and by sentiment, to a Just and legal liberty—the
liberty it so nobly defends—l shall prove to it, that in
every circumstance in which I may be placed I know how
to estimate the honour with which I am invested, and
that, marching at its head, I will consecrate to its glory
all my vigilance and all my cares.
By the Portuguese who so well understand their duties
as citizens, I shall be excused if I venture to remind them
that their first duties as soldiers are subordination and obe-
dience. Of both these qualities I shall constantly give to
the army personally, as becomes me, the most decided
examples ; and I trust to the zeal and honour of the brave
officers, who have proved themselves so worthy of the
posts they hold, for their effective assistance in preserving
in its purity, throughout the army, that exact discirline
which is the only true basis of its reputation and power.
Having now become a Portuguese myself,
and, like
you, attached from affection and principle to the noble
cause of P..rtugal, all my ambition, all my interests are
bound up with yours. Confident in the purity of our
intentions, and in the justice of the cause we defend, we

w;11 march forth against our enemies in the surety of a
complete triumph ; but in the midst of success let me
remind you that the virtue which chiefly characterizes
brave men is generosity, that the peaceful inhabitants of
the country look to you for protection, and that your ene-
mies when conquered should always meet with mercy,
Thus extending your protection to the personal security of
individuals, respecting the rights of property, venerating
religion and its ministers—the ministers of peace, whose
duty requires them to support and preserve public tran-
quillity, you will nobly redeem the glorious mission in-
trusted to you by your country—you will earn the noble
consideration and justify the generous expectations of his
Imperial Majesty, and will have fulfilled, at the same
time, the sacred duties of citizen soldiers, who honourably
fight for the restoration of the liberties and independence
of their country.
B. SOLIGNAC, Major-General, Marshal of the Army.

OPORTO, JAN. 6.
Events succeed events—the plot thickens. Early yes-
terday morning the Coquette, a Constitutional schooner of
war, Captain Hills, an old vessel of two or three guns,
anchored near the newly-erected bridge of pontoons, was
attacked by two nine-pounders of the Miguelite horse ar-
tillery, and sunk at her moorings by the very first two can-
non they fired at her, as likewise two gun-boats and two
small boats ; but Captain Hills, of Donna Maria's navy,
fortunately succeeded in saving the bridge, the main object
of their attempt. The Coquette was a crazy and use-
less old vessel, fit only to be broken up for firewood. She
may, however, be raised again. A seaman standing near
Captain:Hills, bad his legs carried off by a cannon shot.
The Miguelites bombarded the town furiously all day, and
threw a number of shells and 321 b. shots into the Semina-
rio, a large building on an eminence facing the Serra Con-
vent, to the eastward of the city, the roof of which was
destroyed. In the afternoon, the Emperor, accompanied
bp his Aides-de-Camp, hastened to the spot at full gallop.
A Polish officer, myself, and another civilian, followed him
on foot, and as we were crossing a large field adjoin-
ink the S:minario, the enemy's battery on the south side
aimed at us, as you would at a hare, and fired a 321 b. can-
non-ball close over our heads, which buried itself in the
rising ground, within 10 yards of us, 'and compelled us to
tack, and suspend our curio-its' on the present occasion.
At two o'clock, p.m., the Brazilian ship Falminense,
hound to England, with 150 invalids and rejected re-
jected recruits, got under way by signal, though the Cap-
rain and Mate were on shore, and, standing out to sea
under charge of the pilot, passed through the bar, when
the Miguelite batteries of Capital() and Furrada opened
their fire of great guns and musketry upon her, killed four
men, and wounded several, compelling her to come to
anchor and surrender. The wounded were taken to the
Miguelite hospital, and the English recruits are said to
have entered the Usurper's service. During the night,
the Miguelite batteries aforesaid, cannonaded the village
of the Foz. The French battalion in garrison there was
relieved by an English battalion, and retreated into a
hollow way for shelter from the shot, and arrived by
noon in town, the Brazilian ship remaining at anchor.
As the deserters who came over yesterday at Aguar-
diente declared that it was the intention of the Mi-
guelites to make a general attack to-day, when Don
Miguel had promised to pay his army their arrears in
Oporto, our troops expected them accordingly, determined
to give them a good reception. S;r John Milley Doyle
had the kindness to ride with me round the lines, and to
show me the fortifications, which, since the grand attack
on the 29th of September, have been really made impreg-
nable for any force the Miguelites can bring against them,
and lam now quite easy on that score when I hear can-
nonnades and bombardments at night. The threatened
attack has not taken place this morning, and the Miguelite
army has not been paid in Oporto, but the Queen's troops
have received their pay up to yesterday.
The army of Don Pedro is in the highest spirits, and
desires nothing more ardently than an attack. It is said
that Marshal Solignac will make a forward movement
before the end of this month, unless an interference take
place. The Empert r held a Court yesterday, and General
Solignac likewise gave a grand reception to the officers.
We have been favoured by the following extract of a
letter from Oporto, Jan. 6:—
" Several vessels have lately landed their cargoes at the
Fez, early of a morning, before the enemy's batteries could
fire with any precision on the landing place. We have
about 1,000 men in this fort, consisting partly of the
Fiend' and English brigades, under the orders of Colonel
Williams. The Miguelites have about 6,000 men, corn
manded by Telles Jordao, and their picquets are within
musket-shot of our troops, but dare not attack them.
" Gmet al Solignac has declared that we have sufficient
force to resist the attack of double the number of our ene-
mies; but that in order to pursue them, after a defeat, it
will be necessary to prepare transports and a Commissa-
riat. He has established his head-quarters close to those
of the Emperor, and every thing is now in the best pos-
sible train for our assuming offensive operations. The
army are eager for the fight, and hope soon to be on their
road to Lisbon.

" The Emperor and Marshal Solignac lately visited
together the Serra, and the latter expressed his satisfaction
at the defence made by the garrison. A suspension bridge
has been established, under the direction of Capt. Hills,
in order to facilitate the communication between the city
and the Serra, and to make a sortie with a sufficient force
to sweep the left bank of the Douro, and drive the Mi-
guelites from their batteries.

" Several deserters, lately arrived from Aguardiente, say
that the Miguelites despair altogether of the success of
their cause, but that they console themselves with the hope
that they will have Donna Maria for their Sovereign, and
never Don Pedro. They also state that they have not
been paid for six months, and are in the most deplorable
condition in every respect. Our troops are paid regularly
every day, in order to prevent the troops—especially the
British, from getting drunk, to which they are but too
prone when they receive their pay at once ; the officers
receive theirs monthly.
" Marshal Solignac brought with Lim 200 veteran
Prussian soldiers, who will be incorporated with the Ger-
mans who are attached to the French battalion, and who
will form a separate corps, under the orders of the brave
Schwalbach.

" I have this instant been informed, by the very best
authority in Oporto, that by, probably, this conveyance,
the Emperor sends orders to the Empress to realise certain
funds belonging to himself, to the amount of 60,0001. or
70,0001., that specie may be sent to Oporto, to enable
him to accomplish his march to Lisbon without bearing
too heavily on the people of the country through which his
army is to pass, as well as to procure fresh supplies from
England.
" By the two last packets we have received here, on
account of the Government, some thousands of sovereigns;
and the Miguelites, apprised of this fact, give very large
premiums on this money, to get it away to Lisbon."

OPORTO, JAN. 9.

Nothing of any importance has occurred within the last
two days, except the long-wished-for arrival of the packets.
The enemy's new battery at Cabodello-point continues to
play upon all who attempt to land, but is well replied to
by the castle of the Foe. The other new battery at the
back of St. Antonio's convent has not yet opened its fire.
Miguel's people took all the English and French out of the
Brazilian vessel whose progress they stopped the other
day, and on Monday night one of Don Pedro's best offi-
cers, Captain George, got on board with some of his crew,
slipped the cables, and ran her out of the harbour. He
was of course fired at by the batteries, but succeeded in
escaping without damage. On Monday there was some
picket work at the lighthouse. Bullocks and horses were
landing, and some interruption was given by the enemy's
troops ; they were, however, speedily repulsed, The
Second British battalion now garrison the lighthouse, and
there could not be a better selection. John Bull is sure
to fight for the beef.
I send you some nurnb?rs 51 the Chronica. In that
of the 7th you will find General Solignac's address to the
army, on assuming the command. He must, as be says,
get them well in the hand before any stroke can be at-
tempted. A few days more will suffice for that purpose,
and tben I feel sure of having an interesting subject to
treat on.

The Nimrod and the Hope transport, with provisions
for the fleet, ale off the bar ; in thc• former Col. Badcock,
arrived from Lisbon, to relieve Colonel Hare. The Echo
steamer went out yesterday, to bring in the provisions,
and I am sorry to say struck violently in crossing the bar.
The pilot's nerves were probably a little shaken, as shot and
shells were flying over him at the time. I hope the vessel
is not seriously injured, but fear lest she may have suffered
a good deal. It is very probable the Oporto gentry are
speculating upon how many barrels of powder she is to
bring to the enemy, as they said last time, when the story
goes that six watermen were ready to make oath,
that 100 barrels and bags were landed for Don Miguel.
Admiral Parker has called upon Don Pedro's Govern-
ment for a distinct contradiction of all these slanders,
and lam glad of it. Their conduct has been very bad,
and as impolitic as ungentlemanly. In the Chronica of
he 3d there is a decree which has caused great discon-
tent. I mentioned some time ago that there was a com-
mission to inquire into monopolies and forestallings. This
has terminated, and the decree declares that all necessaries
of life in store are to be placed in public deposit, and sold
for the owners at a reasonable rate, and giving them a fair
profit. This, no doubt, looks all fair, but it has put a

ertr
r A))

LONDON,
THURSDAY EVENING, JANUARY 17, 1833.

We are assured, that immediately after the
receipt of the answer of the King of HOLLAND
to the proposals of the British and French Ca-
binets, Earl GREY communicated it to Baron
BuLow, the Prussian Minister, Barons WES-
SENBURG and DE NIEUMANN, the Austrian
Charges d'Affaires, and Prince LIEVEN, the
Russian Ambassador, and; at the same time,tle-
sired them to say frankly, whether any encou-
ragement had been given to the King of HOL-
LAND, by their respective Courts, to persevere
in his obstinacy ? On being told by these di-
plomatists that they were not aware of any such
encouragement having been given, Earl GREY
is said to have asked whether, in the event of
the King of HOLLAND'S further resistance,
Russia, Austria, and Prussia would co-operate
with Great Britain and France, in the measures
which might become necessary, in order to
bring the question to a settlement ? They
replied that, short of coercion, they would
promote the views of Earl GREY to the
utmost extent of their power ; and they, at
the same time, took the opportunity of
stating that all the movements which had been
made by their Governments, and which had
excited doubts of their pacific intentions, had
been merely precautionary, under the impression
that the French did not intend to evacuate Bel-
gium,---that the French army having been with-
drawn, the three Powers would have more confi-
dence in the professions of the French Cabinet,
and would cordially co-operate in all proper
means for preserving the peace of Europe.
Considering the source from which we re-
ceived this information, we have no doubt of its
correctness, but we cannot refrain from observing
that, whatever may be thought of the policy of
the Austrian and Prussian Cabinets, as stated by
their representatives in this country, very little

reliance can be placed on the assurances of
Prince LIEVEN ; for, however well disposed
himself, he cannot answer for his Government.
It is well known, indeed, that whilst Prince
LIEVEN has held a language here condemnatory
of the Dutch KING, Count DOLGOROUCKI,
the nephew of Count ORLOFF, and who is the
Russian Charge d'Affaires at the Hague, has
been urging the Dutch to resist the demands of
France and Great Britain. It would be prudent
in Earl GREY, therefore, not to confide in the
pacific assurances of the Russian Ambassador.

The King of HOLLAND, Don MIGUEL, and
the Pacha of EGYPT, are at this moment the
three greatest lions of the day. Each by turns
keeps the world intent upon his warlike opera-
tions or diplomatic measures. But as tie King
of HOLLAND is the most legitimate Sovereign
of the three, we give the following picture of his
life from a Morning Contemporary. It is during
the last nineteen years, and exhibits his conduct
in a true historical view :
" In November, 1813, he was a pennylese, unknown,
land forgotten exile in England. His father, the Stadt-
' holder, had died in exile in Germany. The French Em-
peror was driven out of Holland, and the people received
him as Stadtholder with satisfaction, when some parasites,
in December, 1813, proclaimed him Sovereign, under the
protection of the Cossacks then residing in Holland. A
sort of constitution was patched up, a set of men were
named by them, and assembled in the great church at Am-
sterdam on the 29th of March, 1814, not to debate, but to
say Yes' or ' No' as to the acceptance of the new-made
constitution. Those who were present at the opening
of this packed meeting describe the fright with which
this Prince made his first and only speech ; he was afraid
that some of the old Republicans would have hurled
the invader of their rights from his seat ;' but the ancient
spirit was sunk, the Russians and the Allies, among
whom were British soldiers and diplomatists also, were
at hand, and the dismal scene passed over, the consti-
tution was declared accepted by a majority of 458 to 25
of the mock freemen, and Holland became the property
of a man who a few weeks before had neither right nor
title nor expectation of the dignity of a Sovereign.
" It subsequently pleased some of the diplomatic in
triguers who favoured his views to join Belgium to Hol-
land, and at Brussels the trick was got up of calling an
assembly to say also Yes' or ' No' to the acceptance of
the Dutch constitution. A Dutch Minister made out the
lists of the Belgian notables, who were assembled at Brus-
sels on the 18th of August, 1815. The number present
was 1,323, of whom 527 voted for and 796 against its
acceptance, but the King, in a decree of the 24th of Au-
gust, declared that 'as about one-sixth had not attended,
their votes were to be counted in favour of his constitu-
tion; besides, the Dutch had already accepted it, and
therefore so did the Belgians.' It was subsequently
enacted to be a high crime and misdemeanor to doubt the
validity of the acceptance.

" Fur these, and many other reasons of equal force, the
discontent of the Belgians increased every year, and so did
the wealth which King William collected. From having
nothing when in England, in 1813, in 1829, he was worth
8,000,0001. sterling. Among the means of realizing that
fortune was the effectual one of buying up, at his accession
to the Crown, Dutch Bonds then deteriorated in value
(like the Cortes Bonds at this period), which he forced
upon the nation at their full rate."

Then follows his expulsion from Belgium—
his attempts to reconquer it—his second expul-
sion, and the subsequent affairs of Antwerp,
Protocols—and the closing of the Scheldt, with
which our readers are but too well acquainted.

A correspondent, who signs himself " A
Lover of Peace and Justice," is desirous of
having pointed out to him " the particular dan-
gers" that would attend a Repeal of the Union.
We answer by reference to tEsor's well-known
fable of the " Bundle of Sticks," whence our
correspondent may draw a very apt and season-
able moral. Still further we may reply, that a
Repeal of the Union, while it will infallibly de-
liver over Ireland, bound hand and foot, to a
haughty, relentless faction, will keep England in
a state of constant jealousy and excitement, from
a not unnatural apprehension that separation—a
separation as complete as that of the United
States from England—will tread close on the heels
of Repeal. For let no one imagine that (such a
question once carried) Ireland will ever rest
satisfied, until she has achieved also the grand,
final measure. O'CONNELL and Co. may fancy
that she will, and that they may be able of them-
selves to check all ulterior movements, and
sway at will the destinies of their country ; but
they will find themselves miserably mistaken,
for they will then become, to a greater extent
than even they now are, the tools—the mere
tools of a faction, creatures of the popular
fanaticism which they can control only so
long as they flatter and encourage it. The ex-
ample of America, (the next coast made on
quitting the western ports of Ireland) to which
every Hibernian Demosthenes is so fond of al-
luding, and which never fails, as the year runs
round, to do public honours to the memory of
EMMET, FITZGERA LD, and the rest of the Irish
republicans, will not be lost on the susceptible
minds of the Patlanders. A republican party would
no doubt raise its head in Ireland, the very
instant the Union was repealed; and to this party,
the O'Connellites must of necessity belong.
What would be the consequence ? The same
phrenzied spirit would spread more or less
throughout England, and thus the seeds would
be sown of interminable disasters to both coun-
tries. But to this branch of the subject we
shall refer at length at some future opportunity ;
at present space and time forbid.
As respects our correspondent's remark
about English capitalists (in the event of repeal)
" in room of venturing to foreign climes, car-
rying their money to the more congenial soil of
Ireland," this, we conceive, as it resolves itself
into a mere question of security, is likely only
to happen when an Imperial Parliament shall
have legislated for Ireland in the true spirit of
Reform. An Irish House of Commons will
never be able to furnish guarantees sufficient to
satisfy the keen, sagacious scepticism of an
English capitalist.

The news from Egypt, or rather from the
theatre of war in the East, is rather more
favourable to the Turks than previous accounts.
A great battle was expected, upon the result of
which depended the fate of the campaign, if not
that of the SULTAN.