The Sun.
London, England, 1851-09-04 00:00:00

FREE TRADE IN IRELAND.

The following most gratifying and important state-
ment appears in the Northern Whig of Saturday,
showing the steady progress of Belfast under the
operation of free trade, and the tendency to improve-
ment in other parts of Ireland :

" Whilst English shipowners have been grumbling,
here and there, against the operation of the re-
cent changes in the navigation-laws, and proving to
their own satisfaction, in the teeth of facts, that they
were being ruined with miraculous celerity, it is
pleasant to see Belfast looking calmly on and smiling
its contempt of this angry vehemence of the Protec-
tionists and their allies of the shipping interest. And
this is a fact which is quite as remarkable as it is
pleasant. Belfast is deeply interested in the whole
question, and must, more keenly than, perhaps, any
other place, feel the injury or advantage, as the case
may be, arising from the alterations that the Legisla-
ture has effected. Old established ports, long crowded
with shipping engaged in the British and foreign trade-
ports whose reputation has been made, and which can
rest confidently on the strength of their position and
the advantages it gives them over new competitors
—may bear, without trembling, a shock that would
annihilate the resources of less favoured localities.
And for this reason it was that Belfast was and is pre-
eminently obnoxious to the operations of any change of
the character to which we allude. But under the
new system Belfast has flourished even more re-
markably than under the old. The modification of
the navigation-laws has not blighted its early
growth. It is stronger now than ever, like some
hardy tree that the sharp but healthful frost of
spring purifies instead of withering, and, instead
of destroying, only stregthens. Belfast has
not complained of the change—she does not mouth
her terror at the competition of the foreigner. His
cheap-built vessels, and all the other good things he
is said to possess, are no bugbear to frighten her
from her wits, when she contemplates her own young
strength, and feels conscious of the vast resources of
industry, energy, and practical intelligence that lie
within her. It has been often flung in our face,
that we in Ireland can do nothing without calling
for help. Again and again has it been hurled at the
people of this country, as a reproachful taunt, that, for
every step they take motuproprio—of their own will and
energy—they look for two strong pushes from the
hands of the Government. Much as may be said
against us, this taunt is, after all, a childish, lying
charge. iVe may take credit to ourselves, in
this case at least, that whilst English shipowners
growled and grumbled when our harbours were
thrown open to the vessels of the foreigner, few, if
any, complaints were addressed to the Legislature by
ports in Ireland. And we may claim, as a tribute to
that industry and enterprise which our neighbours
have refused to acknowledge, the confession that,
spite of a change more calculated to injure us than
any other part of the empire, while Belfast, facile
princeps, has run gloriously ahead, Dublin, Cork, and
Limerick, too, and Galway, have given signs of new
spirit and vigour, that promise highly for what they
will achieve when their strength develops itself under
increased exertion.

" In former articles, respecting the growth of our
town, we showed how its manufactures prosper under
free trade. We are able now to complete the picture
by demonstrating the progress its commerce has
made under the same system. And, whilst we
do this, we need hardly say that it would be
very difficult indeed to prove that, whilst our
trade, and commerce, and manufactures, are thus
flourishing, our agricultural interests can be said
to suffer from the change. That man must be
gifted with a very extraordinary imagination, who
can look on a town like ours, with its mills crowded,
and in busy operation, its quays thickly lined with
shipping, its artisans remuneratively employed, its
shopkeepers driving a brisk trade—and then fancy to
himself the surrounding agricultural districts poor
and miserable, bankrupt in fortune, idle and hopeless,
and robbed of all stimulus to honest industry. And yet
the reader, who may be tempted to smile at this picture,
should bear in mind that this is the sort of raving
that the Protectionists have for a long time been en-
deavouring to force down our throats, with a thorough
disregard of our eyes and ears. Cotton manufac-
turers and mill-owners, they say, may be making
fortunes at the expense of the rest of the community,
but most emphatically the rural districts are ruined,
and agriculture is going to the dogs. However, we
have only to say, that if the agriculturists fare under
the corn-laws as the shipowners fare under the
repeal of the navigation-laws, we have very little
commisseration for their present lot, and very
little fear for their future condition. By the
returns published at the close of the year 1848, it
appeared that the total tonnage of sailing vessels then
registered in the port amounted to something more
than 72,000 tons. Our readers will remember that it
was only in the following session of Parliament Mr.
Labouchere introduced his Bill for the repeal of the
navigation-laws ; and the most sanguine might have
been prepared for some immediate temporary check.
But let us see what the result has been. On the Ist of
January, 1849, there was a tonnage of 53,335 tons
of sailing craft registered for Belfast, engaged in its
foreign trade, and 18,827 tons in the coasting trade.
At the end of that year, after the new laws had been
for some time in force, the foreign shipping was found
to have been increased by 700 tons, whilst in the
coasting there was a decrease of over 200 tons. Now,
surely, if any injury could have resulted from the
change of legislation, it would have fallen on the
foreign trade, where only competition could have been
looked for. But here, instead of loss, there has been
an increase ; the only falling off, and that little more
than 1 per cent., has been in the coasting trade, a
result which may be accounted for on grounds that
by no means argue disadvantage to our commerce.
" Well, on the Ist of January, 1850, the foreign
trade shipping, belonging to this port, amounted to
something more than 54,000 tons, and the shipping
in the coasting trade to about 18,600, making a total
of over 72,600 tons. A later return was made in
May of this year, of which we cannot give the exact
particulars, but from which it appeared that the
general registered tonnage of the port amounted to
73,400 tons. This return did not probably extend
beyond the Ist of January, but it evidenced a steady
increase ; and if we could carry the returns up to the
present moment, we doubt not a still more marked in-
crease would be found ; for causes have been ope-
rating this year of a character calculated to give fresh
impulse to our commerce, and more than usual signs
of activity have been shown in the shipping interests.
But these facts prove that our trade is steadily in-
creasing in the most important points, and with the
most important countries, such as the United States,
the West Indies, South America, and other places.
It may be worth mentioning, too, that the returns in
some instances, whilst exhibiting a large increase in
tonnage, show a decrease in the number of ships—a
fact interesting, in so far as it shows that increasing
trade enables our shipowners to replace their old craft
by a larger and superior class of vessels. The
growth of our foreign trade, it will be remarked, has
been exceedingly rapid, a great increase having
taken place in the course of a few years. Besides
this, we have had some thirty steamers, with a ton-
nage of over seven thousand seven hundred tons,
plying between our port and Glasgow, Fleetwood,
Dublin, Liverpool, London, and other places, and
forming a very prominent element in the constitution
of our mercantile marine.
" All the items here set forth embrace the increase
that took place in the shipping of the port from Jan.,
1850, to Jan., 1851. How our trade and commerce
have grown during the last seven months we have no
regularly arranged and authentic data to show; but
all who have noted the course of business during
these months will require little argument to persuade
them to believe that, in this department, as in all the
other sources of her wealth, Belfast has been grow-
ing more powerful as her opportunities became more
extensive ; and we doubt not that the returns, next
January, will show a very remarkable and very gra-
tifying improvement.
" Here, then, are some simple facts for those who
mourn so dolorously about the evil effects of free
trade to ponder soberly upon. Whilst the official
returns, oublished by the Board of Trade, show that
the kingdom generally is in a prosperous state—that
more ships are engaged in the home and foreign trade
than in former years—that all branches of industry
are affording more general employment to the work-
ing classes—that the exports of manufactures are
largely increased—and that the comforts of life are
more widely diffused—it is gratifying to us to turn
from these general accounts of the condition of the
whole United Kingdom,
and point to Belfast as a case
of circumstantial evidence confirmatory of the
Government reports, more valuable than all the prat-
ing that the whole set—one and all—of the ' farmers'
friends' have given utterance to since Sir Robert
Peel laid his demolishing hand on the monstrous en-
actments that had so long worked mischief to the
country, for the supposed advantage of a class.
"Our manufactures of textile fabrics have in-
creased till hundreds of thousands of the humbler
classes, in this northern province, gain from them the
means of subsistence—au iron trade has sprung up
in cur town that circulates amongst its artisans a
yearly revenue of well nigh eighty thousand pounds
—other branches of industry have grown in like
proportion—the shipping and commerce of the port
have shot ahead with marvellous celerity—our traders
and shopkeepers do a rapid and remunerative busi-
ness, whilst new streets are springing up around us,
and town and country make interchange of reciprocal
advantages ; and all this has gone on—hear it, Pro-
tectionists and farmers' friends—under the very heat
and fever of the terrible free-trade regime, with our
agriculture unprotected and our shipowners un,
shielded from the much-dreaded competition of the
foreigner.
"es, peace, order, and contentment are
becoming (tally more consolidated under free trade ;
to attempt a return to the old state of things would
be to plunge the kingdom Into bloody servile war."

LAW INTELLIGENCE.
COURT OF BANKRUPTCY, Sept. 3.
(Before Mr. Commissioner FONBLANQUE.)
IN RE ELLIS.

This was the last examination of the bankrupt, de-
scribed as an ironmonger, of Rotherhithe-wall, but
in consequence of inaccuracies in the balance-sheet an
adjournment was asked for.—Adjournment ordered.

IN RE WARREN.
This was the last examination of the bankrupt, de-
scribed as a miller, of Ardleigh, Essex. The accounts,
from December, 1849, to July, 1851, show the fol-
lowing :—Surplus in December, 1849, 2,3241.; cre-
ditors unsecured, 973/. ; liabilities, 597/. ; mortgages
and interest, 4,553/. ; rent of mill held on lease, ma-
chinery therein mortgaged to Nunn and Co., 176/. ;
profits, 1,7901.; debtors good, 469/. ; doubtful, 334/. ;
property given up to assignees, estimated to realize
1031.; property held by creditors, estimated value,
4,4711. ; losses, 1,381/. ; trade expenses, 2,226/. ;
household expenses, 143/. ; liabilities, per contra, 597/.
Mr. Barnes, of Colohester, appeared for the assig-
nees, and Mr. Norton for Messrs. Nunn and Co.,
bankers.

Mr. Nunn, of the firm of Nunn and Co., bankers,
Manningtree, in his examination, said the bankrupt
was indebted to their firm in the sum of 2,1071, in
April, 1851. Had, on the 15th of April, refused to
cash the cheques of the bankrupt. Went on the 18th
of April to the bankrupt's house, at Ardleigh, with
two deeds. Did not press the bankrupt to give those
securities. Refused to cash the cheques because the
account was overdrawn. Did not insist upon bank-
rupt giving security upon his property, only that spe-
cified in bill of sale. The bankrupt had other pro-
perty besides that specified in bill of sale, such as book
debts, consignments of flour, and a legacy from a re-
lative. The bankrupt had paid into the bank subse-
quent to the 16th of April about 1,5001., as near as
possible ; the same sum had been paid out.

IN RE DEELEY.

This was the last examination of George Edwin
Deeley, of Brunswick-terrace, Dover-road, iron-
founder. The accounts, from December, 1847, to
July, 1851, show the following :—Creditors, 877/. ;
ditto, holding security, 132/. ; debtors, good and
doubtful, 5551.; property, 621.
Mr. LINKLATER supported the bankrupt, who
passed without opposition.

ROYAL COURT, JERSEY, Aug. 27'.
(From the Jersey Sun.)
(Before the Bailiff, and Judges Bisson, Bertram, Le
Couteur, Picot, Pelgue, Le Gallais, Arthur, Le
Quesne, and De Quetteville.)
Jacques Fouquet, who was found guilty on Friday
the 22d of August, by the petty jury of St. Helier,
of the crime of murder on the person of Frederick
W. Derbyshire, on the 11 th of April last, appeared
this day before the Grande Enquete of the island, to
which he had appealed from the verdict of the petty
jury. The grand jury was composed of twenty-four
principaux of the parishes of St Helier, St. Saviour,
and St. Lawrence, and was presided over by Mr.
Francis Bertram, son of Eliss, of the first named
parish.
The reading of the evidence and other documents
concerning the case occupied the Court until two
o'clock.

Shortly afterwards Mr. Advocate MARETT ad-
dressed the jury in a most eloquent and impressive
speech, which lasted an hour and five minutes. Our
limited space will not permit us to reproduce the ad-
dress of the Learned Advocate; it must suffice for us
to say that Mr. Marett made use of powerful argu-
ments to induce the jury to set aside the grounds of
premeditation of the act with which his client was
charged.

Tile ATTORNEY-GENERAL also addressed the jury
for upwards of an hour with his wonted ability and
eloquence. He argued that the premeditation had
been clearly and substantially proved by the evidence
of the witnesses for the prosecution.
The BAILIFF made a very impartial and lucid sum-
ming up of the debate.
At a quarter before five o'clock the jury withdrew
to deliberate ; and after an absence of twenty-five
minutes the foreman of the jury stated that the jury
were divided in their opinion. Every member then
advanced to the Bailiff, and communicated their re-
spective opinion.
The BAILIFF, amid the most profound silence, then
announced to the prisoner that a more than sufficient
number (21 out of 24, it was understood) of the jury
found him " Guilty of the crime of murder on the
person of Frederick William Derbyshire."
The Advocate MARETT—I will ask the Attorney-
General what are his conclusions ?

The ATTORNEY-GENERAL.-.-.The Grand Enquete
having found the prisoner guilty of the crime of mur-
der, I have no other alternative, however painful to
me, than to conclude that the prisoner, as a punish-
ment for his crime, be condemned to be taken to the
place of execution, with a halter round his neck, and
there be strangled and hanged until death ensues, and
that all his goods and chattels, if he have any, be con-
fiscated to her Majesty, or the lord of the manor, or
to whomsoever they shall appertain—the whole sav-
ing her Majesty's pardon.
Mr. Advocate MARETT—I had hoped that my
feeble efforts would have been successful in causing
the jury to set aside the premeditation of the crime;
but since it has been otherwise, I hope the Court will
take this fact into consideration, that neither of the
juries were unanimous, and for this reason I hope the
Court will modify the conclusions of the Crown
officer, and thereby avoid the horrid and sad spectacle
of a public execution, which, fortunately, has been
of very rare occurrence of late years. If the prisoner
were sentenced to transportation beyond the seas for
the term of his natural life it would be a sufficient
punishment, and would give him an opportunity of
seeking mercy at the throne of his Maker, whom he
has offended.

The ATTORNEY-GENERAL having persisted in his
conclusions,

The BAILIFF consulted the Judges on the bench,
who (with the sole exception of Judge Picot, who
was of opinion that the sentence should be transpor-
tation for life) granted the conclusions of the Crown
officer.

The Bailiff and Judges having placed their hats on
their heads,

The Baum, addressed the prisoner as follows;
having previously ordered him to go on his knees :
" Jacques Fouquet, after a long and patient inves-
tigation, you have been successively found guilty
by two juries of the most heinous crime with
which man can be charged. Mr. Marett, your
advocate, has exhausted all the means which his zeal,
experience, and talent could suggest for your defence;
and if he has failed, it is to be attributed to the clear-
ness of the evidence brought against you ; and in such
a case the law visits the crime of which you have
been 'found guilty with the punishment of death.
The Court, in conformity with the conclusions of the
Attorney-General, sentences you to be led to the place
of execution with a halter round your neck, and there
to be hanged and strangled until death doth ensue,
and that all your goods and chattels, if you have any,
be confiscated to her Majesty, or the lord of the
manor, or to whomsoever they shall appertain, the
whole saving her Majesty's pardon ; which sentence
the Viscount is to see carried into execution, and the
execution of the sentence is delayed for the term of
three weeks, and in the meantime you are sent back
to gaol. During the short time you have to pass in
this world, I would entreat you most earnestly to
profit by this time to seek mercy at the throne of the
Almighty, by imploring his forgiveness for the great
crime you have rendered yourself guilty of—and may
God, in his infinite goodness and mercy, have pity
on your soul'!"
The prisoner rose and addressed a few words to his
advocate, which words did not reach us. He appeared
indifferent to the awful scene which had just passed,
and in which he was the principal actor. He walked
back to the prison van with a firm and unconcerned
step.
The Court rose at six o'clock.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.
WORSHIP-STREET.

William Johnson, as the name was entered on the
charge-sheet, an elderly person of military appearance,
who described himself as having been a cavalry officer,
was stated to be a director of one of the most import-
tant mercantile companies in the City, and is known
to be a gentleman of extensive property at Stoke
Newington, was placed before Mr. llammill upon the
threefold charge of being drunk and incapable of
taking care of himself, assaulting an officer in the
execution of his duty, and conducting himself in a
riotous and improper manner while in custody at the
station-house.

`William Fitzpatrick, 203 N—About two o'clock on
last Monday afternoon I was on duty in °Myrtle-
street, Hoxton, when I saw the defendant on horse-
back, riding towards Hoxton Church. He was riding
in a most peculiar position, his head and shoulders
leaning back in such a manner that his head nearly
touched the animal's tail. He was decidedly drunk,
and had not the slightest control over his horse. A.
man who knew the defendant stopped the horse, and,
addressing the defendant, said, " Sir, I think you had
better stop and recover yourself," and I also advised
him to do so. The defendant, however, by that time
had raised himself upright, and went on, but very soon
got into the same dangerous position again, and I
therefore ran forward to take Lim into custody, but
before I could do so he fell clear off his horse, but
still held tight by the reins. I sprang forward
to bold the horse, while some other person raised
the defendant up, and I then took him to the station
in Robert-street ; but as soon as he got there he called
the inspector and sergeant on duty a set of scamps,
poltroons, and beggars, and, having tried to force his
way out of the station, struck me on B3y breast, but
not with such severity as to hurt me. He then ex-
claimed that he was acquainted with Colonel Rowan,
who also knew him, and that he would have the whole
of us dismissed and trounce us.

Inspector Pascoe said—l took this charge. The
defendant was brought to the station by two private
persons and a policeman, and the moment he got in
he called us all the vagabonds he could lay his
tongue to, mentioned Colonel Rowan's name, and
threatened to have the whole of us dismissed in a
week. He was decidedly drunk, and smelt strongly
of liquor, but I sent for his carriage for him, and he
denied that he had fallen from his horse at all. He
then called me a-- vagabond, struck me a slight
blow on the breast, and stamped about the station-
house in such a violent manner that I was obliged to
order him to be locked up. Knowing the defendant
to be a very respectable person I scarcely allowed
three minutes to elapse after he had been brought to
the station before I dispatched a cabman to fetch his
coachman.
Maverty;2ls N, said—At the time in question I
was leaving the station-house, when I saw two gentle-
men struggling with the defendant, and declaring
that he was drunk, and had just fallen helplessly from
his horse. I saw that he was drunk, and heard him
swearing at them for stopping him. I assisted him
into the station, where a chair was placed for him to
sit ups), and we made him do so, and closed the
door; but he got out of the chair, got to the door,
and tried to shove me away. I took him back and
again placed him in the chair, but he commenced
struggling very violently, and kicked me upon the
shins. He made several other efforts of the same de-
scription, calling us all "A -- set of vagabonds"
and on the inspector requesting him to be quiet, he ex-
claimed, " And pray who are you, you scoun-
drel ; some beggarly tailor, I suppose ?"
Sergeant Saunders also spoke to the state the de-
fendant was in ; that he was not only positively drunk,
but that his breath smelt very strongly of spirits, and
added--I also tried to seat him in a chair, but he
pushed the away several times, and began kicking at
us with his heels, which had a pair of spurs on, and
I asked to have them taken off, as I was fearful he
would do some of the officers a serious injury. The
inspector went to speak to him, but he was very vio-
lent in his language, d struck him on the chest ;
but the inspector, nob thstanding, on learning his
address, dispatched a ..iessage to his house for his
friends. The charge was at length taken, and he was
allowed to remain in the room, but he rolled about
and conducted himself in such a violent and outrage-
ous manner that we were compelled at length to lock
him up and place a constable in the cell also to take
rare of him. About four o'clock, however, he became
more sober, and he was then allowed to go in the care
of his groom, his own : scegnizances having been ac-
cepted for his future al oearance.
When asked if he w.shed to say anything, the de-
fendant, ss,ith great vehemence of language and man-
ner, totally denied that there was any foundation
whatever for
be charge, and declared that the indi-
cations of intoxil.lation which presented themselves to
the witnesses were occasioned by a previous acci-
dental fall from his horse, which produced a concus-
sion of the head, and obliged him at times to adopt a
recumbent position when on horseback. He also
declared that he had partaken of no intoxicating be-
verage whatever on that day, and complained severely
of the treatment he had experienced from the police
at the station, who coerced him in every possible
way, and treated him like a beast or mad dog. He
added that there were at least half-a-dozen gentle-
men waiting outside the station to give evidence in
his favour, but that the police had refused access to
them. In partial corroboration of his statement, he
called
James Hicks, his coachman and groom, who
described his master as " Squire Johnson," and said
—My master left home on Monday about two o'clock,
and I gave him his horse. I saw no difference in his
general appearance; his manner was the same as
usual. After he had ridden off I saw no more of him
until he was at the station, when he was " pretty
middling excited." He uttered some words at the
station, but I don't recollect what, as my memory is
bad and he speaks quickly. The defendant sometimes
sits very much back in the saddle, but I never knew
him to fall off before. _ _ _

Inspector Pascoe and the witnesses declared that
there was no foundation whatever for the defendant's
assertion that gentlemen who were willing to speak
on his behalf had been kept out of the station, and
requested, as an act of justice to the police, that two
respectable and impartial tradesmen, who had wit-
nessed the transaction, might be sent fur. Sum-
monses were therefore issued for the attendance of
those persons, and the case was put back till a late
hour in the afternoon, when
Mr. Wm. Dodge, an undertaker in Myrtle-street,
stated—About two o'clock on Monday I was coming
out of my door, when I saw the defendant riding past
my house. He was on horseback, lying flat upon his
back on the back of the horse, and his head was very
nearly touching the tail. I watched him for some
time, as I was alarmed at the manner in which he
was riding, and pointed him out to a police constable,
thinking he was in a fit. I went to the side of the
horse, shook defendant by the leg, and roused him
up, and asked him to sit up, which he managed to do
for a moment, but as soon as the horse moved he fell
back again. I followed him to the corner of Robert-
street, he being still in the same recumbent position,
but on reaching there I saw him tall from the offside
of his horse. I ran to his assistance to help him up,
and then I saw that he was thoroughly drunk. I
helped the policeman to take him to the station, for
fear some accident should happen to him, but when
he got there he turned obstinate, tried to get out, and
abused them all scandalously. Great praise was due
to the police for their forbearance to the defendant,
who said nothing about any previous fall, while the
fall that I saw him sustain was a very heavy one.
Mr. Daniel Reid, a master baker, confirmed the last
witness in almost identical terms, and, on cross-exa-
mination by the defendant, said. " You were on the
horse's back just like a tumbler in a circus, with a
lot of boys round, shouting and laughing at you.
When you fell oti, I assisted you up, and I found that
your breath smelt strongly of liquor."
Mr. HAMMILL said that he could not but place the
most implicit reliance upon the testimony of those
witnesses, which went fully to prove to him that the
charge had been completely made out, and he felt
bound to say that the defendant had acted with ex-
treme impropriety, and that his conduct bad been
most degrading to 'a gentleman. He had no hesita-
tion, therefore, under such circumstances, in sending
the defendant to the House of Correction for seven
days for assaulting the officer in the execution of his
duty, and also sentence him to a further term of seven
days for his indecent and outrageous conduct while in
the station-house.

The defendant looked astounded at the decision, and
was apparently about to offer some observation, but
was at once removed by the gaoler.

CLERKEIV WELL.

Christopher Kayton, a shabby-looking fellow,
who was described in the police-sheet as a chaser, re-
siding at 2, Margaret-place, Margaret-street, Clerk-
enwell, was put at the bar before Mr. D'Eyncourt,
charged with having wilfully set fire to his house.
It appeared from the evidence of Archer and
Fisher, officers of the G division, that about twelve
o'clock on Tuesday night their attention was at-
tracted by loud cries of "Fire" in Margaret-street,
and on proceeding to the prisoner's house, 2, Mar-
garet-place, they found smoke and flames issuing
from the windows, and the neighbourhood in the
greatest alarm and confusion. They burst into the
house, and on entering the parlour they discovered
the prisoner sitting coolly at a table, partaking of
bread and cheese and table beer, while the bed and
parts of the house sere burning. The floor was
covered with lucifel matches, which bad evidently
been placed there in order to increase the flames.
Engines arrived on the spot in about a quarter of an
hour after the discovery of the fire, and the flames
were extinguished. The prisoner said it was his
own house, be set fire to it to kill the bugs, and he
had a right to do so.
Mr. John Hough of 3, Margaret-place, was
awoke out of his sle" by the alarm of " Fire." He
confirmed the testi= yof the officers.
The prisoner in his defence repeated that he set fire
to the house to kill the bugs.
He was remanded for a week.

A miserable elderly man, who gave his name John
Leach, was supported into the bar in a weakly state,
charged with having attempted to commit suicide.
A police constable of the N division said that at an
early hour yesterday morning he was on duty in
Maynard-street, Hornsey, when his attention was
attracted by deep groans in an unoccupied house, on
entering which he found the prisoner lying in a pool
of blood, unable to speak. With assistance he took
him to the station-house, where, on being examined,
a deep wound was found in his arm, from which he
bled profusely, and he became quite insensible. A
surgeon was sent for, who dressed the wound, and
every proper attention was afforded him until brought
to this court. He would not give any account of
himself. On searching him a penknife was found in
his pocket covered with blood, and on being restored
to his senses he was much affected, and said he had
inflicted the wound with the penknife.
Mr. IYEYNCOURT inquired as to the cause of such
rash conduct ? Prisoner (crying)—l did it to get
rid of my troubles. lam tired of my life.
Mr. D'EYNCOURT—Have you got friends ? Pri-
soner—l have not; I have only casual acquaintances.
Mr. VEYNCOURT—When did you last sleep in a
bed ? Prisoner—Some weeks ago, in Highgate.
Mr. D'EracoliaT ordered that he should be pro-
vided immediately with proper nourishment and taken
to the Royal Free Hospital, with a request that they
might receive him under their care.
The unfortunate man was then supported out of
court in a most deplorable state, and in the course of
the day the constable reported to the Bench that he
had taken the prisoner to the hospital, where he was
received.

HAMMERSMITH.
Yesterday Mr. M. Hird, agent, of 3, Creed-
lane, Upper Thames-street, Appeared before Mr.

When made up in From what
PLACES. General Post-office port Ws- When
London. patched. due.
America (by Brit. pkt.)N Sept. 15 .. .. Liverpool.. Sept. 9
America (by U.S. pkt.) 74 Sept. 16 .. Liverpool ..
America (by U.S. pkt.) 31 Sept. 18 Southampt. Sept. 5
Africa (West coast)" N 14th of the month Plymouth Sept. 6
Alexandria* • • ...... N 19111 & 30th of mo. Dover .. Sept. 18
Belgium • . .. •• N Daily • • .. .. Dover .. Daily
Brazil .. • • .. 34 9th of the month Southampt. Sept. 16
Buenos Ayres •• 9th of the month Southampt. Sept. 16
California(via Chagres) M 2d & 17th of month Southampt. Sept. .5
Cape of Good Hope N 14th of month Plymouth— Sept. 6
Constantinople* N 7th 17th 27th of mo Dover .. Sept. 10
Central America .. M2d & 17th of mon. Southampt. Sept. 5
Channel Isles •• N Mon., Wed., & Fri. Southampt. Tn. Th. Sa
Chili .. 31 17th of the month Southampt. Sept. 5
Franco M&N Twice daily .. .. Dover • • Twicedall;
Greece* •• .. N Ith 17th27th of mo Dover • • Sept. 10
Hamburgh N Tuesday & Friday London .. Tues. Sat.
Llolland M Wednes. & Satur. London .. Mor..Thur
Honduras . N 17th of the mouth Southampt. Sept. 20
Ireland .. M& Ni Twice daily.. .. Holyhead.. TwicndUy
India (via Southamp.) M;2oth of the month Southampt. Sept. 23
India (viablarseilles) N7th&24thefmonthDover • . Sept. 15
Mediterranean (via
Southampton) .. 31 20th of the month Southampt. Sept. 23
Mediterranean (via
Marseilles) N 7th& 24th ofmonth Dover • • Sept, 15
Mexico .. M2d of the month.. Southampt. Sept. 5
Madeira • • •• 31,9 th of the month Southampt. Sept. 16
...,,over Sept. 10
Malta* •• ••th3,lo7ththo,lf9mtho,n2thth
Naples* 31,5 th 15th 25th ofme;Dover .. Sept. 12
Papal States* N 15th 15th25th ofmoDover .• Sept. 12
Peninsular Ml7th 17th 27th of mo South ampt. Arrived
Porn ••31117th of the month Southampt. Sept. 5
Tuscany* N,sth 15th 25th of mo Dover • . Sept. 12
West Indles Mll7th of the month Southampt. Sept. 20
....line I ao• Atm+ I

Naples* .. N
Papal States* N
reuinsul ar .. • • • • M
Peru • • •• • .
Tuscany* ..
West Indies M
West Indies (except
Havanna & Nassau) M!2d of the month
* The mails to those countries thus marl
French packet vi,. Marseilles.
CArdroaNis.—Mails to and from Callforni
are now despatched and due by every Ameri

!Southarnpt. /Sept. 5
Led (*) are conveyel by

la, via the United states
Lean packet.

HEALTH OF LONDON DURING THE WEEK.
(From the Report of the Registrar-General.)
The weekly reports have not been recently of the
most favourable character. During five weeks that
have run since July 25th, the deaths, except in one
instance, have ranged above 1,000 ; in the week end-
ing August 16, they ranged above 1,061, and in the
week which ended last Saturday they again rose to
the same number. The 1,061 deaths now returned
indicate not only a high rate of mortality for London
as compared with more open districts of the country,
but an increased amount as measured by former ex-
perience in the metropolitan districts, at the same
season of the year. In the corresponding week of
1849, when epidemic cholera had nearly attained its
highest point, 2,796 deaths were registered in London ;
but with that and another exception the deaths in the
corresponding weeks of 1841.50 did not reach 1,000,
and were generally under 900.
Of the whole number of persons who died last week
nearly one-half had not completed the fifth year of
their existence.

Of the whole number of deaths more than one-third
are classed as caused by epidemic diseases, among
which dirrhcea, cholera, and typhus predominate.
This class, which numbered 314 in the previous week,
has risen to 378; it includes small-pox, which was
fatal in 17 cases, measles, scarlatina, hooping•cough,
which count respectively 18, 20, and 26, while 60
cases are due to typhus, rtmittent and other fevers,
174 to diarrhoea, 7 to dysentery, and 28 to cholera.
On the 25th of August, at 9, Speedy-place, Gray's
Inn-lane, the son of a coach painter, aged 9 years,
died of " typhus, after 14 days' illness." The medi-
cal attendant makes the following observations in con-
nexion with this case :—" There is a drain in Speedy-
place which runs under the floors and emits the most
abominable and injurious stench. In the four houses,
Nos. 6 to 10, there are several cases of very bad fever.
I suggested to the landlord lime whiting and such
other measures as were calculated to prevent the fur-
ther spread of the disease, but nothing has yet been
done to relieve the occupiers."

In a family at Upper Clapton, three children have
died of "scarlatina maligna" within 7 days; and in
another in Gibraltar-place, Hackney-road, two have
died within the same period of the same disease,
while a third is dangerously ill.
Diarrhoea appears to increase ; the following num-
bers, which comprise also fatal cases of dysentery,
show its progress during the last six weeks :-85, 146,
146, 162, 148, and in the last week 181. A case of
diarrhoea occurred to a child in Duddy's-rents, Cross-
street, Islington. The registrar remarks that " the
sanitary arrangements of the 'rents' are defective in
every particular."

In the first three weeks of August the fatal cases of
cholera were 16, 28, 19 ;* in the last week they again
rose to 28. The following are the particulars of last
week's cases :

In Paddington, at 56, Westbourne-grove, on the
23d August, the son of a solicitor, aged 3 months,
died of " cholera infantum (12 hours)."
In Paddington, at 56, Bathurst-mews, on 27th
August, the daughter of a coachman, aged 20 days,
"cholera bilioso (3 days)."
In Paddington, at 58, Star-street, on 25th August,
the wife of a servant, aged 28 years, " diarrhcea.(l
week), cholera (40 hours)."
In Kensington, at 14, Earl-street, on 21scAugust,
the daughter of a labourer, aged 6 months, " cholera
infantum."

In Brompton, at 10, New-court, on 24th August,
the daughter of a labourer, aged 3 months, " cholera
infantum (1 week), improper food."
In Brompton, at 4, North-row,: Earl's-court, on
25th August, the son of a wet-nurse, aged 7 months,
" cholera infantum following neglected diarrhma of a
fortnight's duration."

In lelgrave sub-district, at 3, Queen-street, on
26th August, the daughter of a brewer's man, aged
9 months, " cholera infantum (4 days), dry nursed."
In Westminster, St. John's, at 28, Lillington-
street, on 22d August, the daughter of a porter, aged
8 months, "cholera infantum (1 week)."
In the same sub-district, at 16, Bessborough-place,
Belgrave-road, on 26th August, the son of a journey-
man joiner, aged 7 months, "cholera infantum (2
days)."
In the same sub-district, at 16, New-street, on 25th
August, a spinster, aged 30 years, " bilious c holera
(14 days), hysteria and delirium (9 days)."
In St. Margaret, Westminster, at 8, Gardener's-
lane, King-street, on 23(1 August, the daughter of a
labourer, aged 2 months, "cholera (2 weeks)."
In Somers-town, at 10, Crescent-street, on 19th
August, the daughter of a wood carver, aged 2
months, " cholera infantum (6 weeks)."
In Islington East, at Mansion-house, Lower-road,
on 24th August, the son of a proctor, aged 8 months,
" cholera infantum (6 days), hydrocephalus internus
(2 days)."

In West Hackney, at 15, Beauvoir-terrace, on 21st
August, a gentleman, aged 80 years, " cholera (6
days), exhaustion."
At 3, Houghton-street, St. Clement-Danes, on 24th
August, the son of a bricklayer, aged 1 month, " cho-
lera (1 week)."
At Gray's Inn-lane, in Union Workhouse, on 23d
August, a painter, aged 32 years, " English cholera
(6 (lays)."

In West London, North sub-district, at 45, Fleet-
lane, on 24th August, the son of an undertaker, aged
11 weeks, " cholera (24 hours)."
In Hoxton New Town, at 27, Herbert-street,
on 25th August, the widow of an ironmonger, aged
51 years, " cholera, Asiatic (34 hours)."
In Hackney-road sub-district, at 18, Clarence-
place, on 26th August, the son of an organ builder,
aged 6 months, " dentition (2 months), cholera in-
fantum (4 days)."

In Bethnal-green, at 2, Baker-street, on 27th
August, the daughter of a traveller, aged 1 month,
" cholera infantum (5 days)."
At 60, Wheeler-street, Christ Church, Spitalfields,
on 23d August, a weaver, aged 76 years, " bilious
cholera (3 days)."
In St. George-in-the-East, at 5, Upper Cornwell-
street, on the 24th August, the wife of a sugar-baker,
aged 36 years, " neglected diarrhoea (7 days), cholera
(26 hours)."
In Shadwell, at 23, New Gravel-lane, on 22d
August, the daughter of a mariner, aged 9 months,
" cholera infantum (16 days)."
In Borough-road sub-district, at Drapers' Alms-
houses, Hill-street, on the 23d of August, a widow,
aged 72 years, " English cholera (3 days)."
In Peckham, at 8, George-street, Asylum-road,
on the 23d of August, the daughter of a railway
clerk, aged 5 weeks, " cholera infantum (8 days)."
In Rotherhithe, at 2, Seven Houses, Lower-road,
on the 24th August, the daughter of a labourer, aged
1 year, " cholera infantum (6 days)."
In Greenwich, West, at 15, Morden-street, on
29th August, a milkman, aged 67 years, " English
cholera (1 week), exhaustion from age."
At Greenwich Hospital, on 27th August, a pen-
sioner, aged 64 years, " cholera (12 hours.)"
Of the 28 persons who died of cholera, it is shown
that 10 were 28 years of age or upwards ; the re-
maining 18 were, with only one exception, infants
under one year. With reference to the 10 adults,
the illness (inclusive of previous diarrhoea in those
instances where it is stated to have existed, lasted in
one case 12 hours, in one 34 hours, in two cases 3
days, in one case 5 days, in one 6 days, in one 7 days,
in two 8 days, and in one 23 days. Of the two cases
of shortest duration, one occurred amongst the
Greenwich pensioners, and another, described as
"Asiatic," in Herbert-street, Hoxton.
Ten pensioners died in the Royal Hospital, Green-
wich, between the 22d and 27th of August ; one at
the age of 56 years, another 64, and the rest between
74 end 80 years.
* Erratum in Return No. 84, page 265, at the bot-
tom. For cholera biliosa, in St. James's, West-
minster, read cholica biliosa.

STATE OF THE WEATHER DURING THE PAST WEEK
SUNDAY.—The sky was covered with cloud till bh.
and clear afterwards; cirrostratus, fleecy clouds, and scud.
Heavy showers of rain fell frequently. Electricity—Nothing
was shown at any examination.

MONDAY.—Thiee-fourths of the sky were covered till 7h.
P.M., and overcast afterwards ; cirrostratus. Electricity--
Nothing was shown throughout the day.
TUESDAY.—The sky was overcast till Bh. r. 31., and the
amount of cloud was variable afterwards ; cirrostratus.
Rain fell heavily during the afternoon. Electricity—Nothing
was shown throughout the day.
WEDNESDAY.—The sky, with slight exceptions, was
covered with cloud throughout the day; cumulostratus,
cirrostratus, and fleecy clouds. Rain fell from 10h. P.M. till
after midnight. Electricity—Positive, and tension moderate
during the afternoon.

TnulsDAY.—Three-fourths of the sky were covered till noon,
overcast from this time until 6h. P.M., and generally clear
afterwards; cumulostrati, and cirrostrati. Electricity
—Nothing was shown throughout the day.
FRIDAY.—The clouds were slightly broken at noon, and
the sky was partially clear between 7h. and 9h. P.M., other-
wise it was covered throughout the day. Showers of rain
fell during the morning and afternoon. Electricity—Nega-
tive, and very active during the morning; frequent sparks
were shown. Positive, and tension weak at night.
SATURDAY.—The sky, with sl;ght exceptions, was covered
till 9a. 30m. P.M., and clear afterwards; cirrostratus. Elec-
tricity—Positive, and tension weak throughout the day.
The mean reading of a thermometer placed on the main-
mast, and read each day at 9h. A.M. was 59.00 ; and the mean
reading at 9h. p.m. was 56.8° ; the mean 'readings at the
Royal Observatory for the same times were 59.4 Q and 55.3°
respectively.
The reading of the barometer decreased from 29/5 in. to
2910 in. by Bh. A.M. on the 24th; increased to 30.02 in. by
9h. P.m. on the 19th; decreased to 2912 in. by 9h. P.M. on
the 26th; increased to 29'87 in. by noon on the 27th; de-
creased to 29.54 in. by 9h. A.m. on the 29th; and increased
to 30.04 in. by the end of the week.

MORTALITY in the METROPOLIS
NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES REGISTERED IN
THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, AUG. 30, 1551.
Epidemic, Endemic, and Contagious Diseases ~.*378
Diseases of Uncertain Seat 40
Tubercular Diseases ... ••• ... 181
Diseases of the Brain, Nerves, and Senses... ... 94
Diseases of the Heart and 8100d-vessels ... 38
Diseases of the Lungs, and other Organs of
Respiration ••• ••• ••• ••• •• • . 77
Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other Organs
of Digestion... ••• ••• e••• ••• ••• 69
Diseases of the Kidneys, &c. •• ••• ••• 8
Childbirth, Diseases of the Uterus, Sze. ... 4
Diseases of the Joints, Bones, and Muscles... 7
Diseases of the Skin,
... 1
Malformations—.
... 5
Premature Birth ••• ••• •• ••• ••• 34
Atrophy 40
Old Age
••• ••• ••• ••• ••• •• • 43
Sudden
... 6
V iolence, Privation, Cold, and Intemperance 32
Causes not specified ... ... 4

DEATUS FROM ALL CAUSES ... ... 1,061
Population Deaths in cone- Deaths
Enumerated, sponding week in the
1851. of 1850. Week.
West Districts... 376,332 . . 122 ... 156
North Districts.. 490,441 .. 181 ... 200
Central _Districts 392,986 ... 144 ... 165
East Districts ... 485,336 ... 208 ... 241
South Districts.. 616,545 ... 227 ... 299

T0ta15........ 2,361,640 ... 882 ... 1,061
Males ... ... •.• „.. 560
Females ... ... „.. „.. 501

BIRTHS IN THE WEEK.
Males ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• 702
••• 699
Females ••• ••• •••

Total ...

-.1,401

*ln this number are included 20 by Scarlatina, 54
by Typhus Fever, 174 by Diarrh(ms, and 28 by Cholera.

SINGULAR CAUSE OF RlOT.—Yesterday morning
word was brought down to the 1? division police station,
Bow-street, thrt an alarming riot had broken out in Drury-
lane; forty constables of the reserve were dispatched, who
found between three and four hundred women, who had con-
gregated round a linendraper's (Taylor's, 106), fighting for
some real bargains, slightly damaged b 3., a fire that had oc-
curred on the premises on Monday evening. So uproarious
were the ladies, that the police had to carry off several to the
atatioot bei9ro they could restore order.