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London, England, 1851-08-02 00:00:00

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LONDON, SATURDAY, AUGUST 2, 1851

I❑ the House of Lords, last night,

Several Bills were forwarded a stage.

A motion for papers by Earl TALBOT gave rise to a
conversation on the subject of the recent order regula-
ting retirements in the navy.
The Royal assent was given by commission to the
Ecclesiastical Titles Assumption Bill and several other
public and private Bills, and their LordAips adjourned.
The Commons met at one o'clock yestErday, and at
on continuously.
The New Zgaland Settlement Bill was read a third

-
time and patoed. The Metropolitan Interments Bill
was reported from Committee, and ordered to stand for
the third reading this day. The County Courts Further
Extenaion,Bill we:it through Committee.
On the motion for the Committee of the Episcopal
and Capitular Estates Management (No. 2) Bill, a pro-
li.nzed discussion ensued, in the course of which two
attempts were made to postpone the Bill, both of which
were, however, successfully resisted; at length
Lard J. RUSSELL suggested that the Bill should be
committed pro forma, and be proceeded with on Monday
next. This being adopted, the CHAIRMAN reported pro-
gress, with leave to sit again.
The General Board of Health (No. 4) Bill went
through Committee.
Sir J. PAILINGT,)N moved a resolution declaring that
in the opinion of the House the importers of sugar ought
to bo allowed to refine that article in bond, and after-
wards enter it for home consumption upon paying the
same duties that are now levied on refined sugars im-
ported into this country.
Mr. LAJ3OUCHERE opposed the resolution on the ground
that the change sought for was not desired by the ms-
jority of sugar refiners, and that it would give great en-
couragement to fraud and evasion.
Mr. MITCHELL supported the motion.'
The House was counted out at Nine o'clock.

The election for the city of the " violated treaty"
has virtually terminated. The Earl of ARUNDEL
and SURREY is at this moment the represen-
tative for the city of Limerick, selected by a con-
stituency
to which he was utterly unknown,
and of which he was equally ignorant a few
short weeks since. He was, however, looked
upon as " a martyr for the faith," as one who had
forfeited the seat he had previously occupied for his
conscientious opposition to the Ecclesiastical Titles
Bill. The sacerdotal influence was, therefore, readily
exerted in his favour. Every priest was prepared to
exert himself to the very utmost, to use not only
ordinary, but what in this country would be
regarded as very extraordinary efforts on behalf of
the Noble Candidate. Every ecclesiastical engine
was consequently put in mozion—indulgences and
threats, blandishments and fulminations were made
equally available. Even the amiable and respected
Roman Catholic Bishop of the diocese, a man of a
character very different from the lion of Tuam or
the lamb of Elphin, was induced to abandon the
salutary rule he had adopted, and pro /sac vice, to
interfere in secular affairs, and to engage in all the
annoyance and tumult of a contested election. Under
such circumstances the result may be easily anti-
cipated. Mr. RUSSELL who, as we have already
explained, had powerful claims on the suffrages of his
fellow-citizens, and whose political opinions were in
every respect analogous to those of his Noble Oppo-
nent, found that the ecclesiastical influence, we
should rather say, "domination," was too powerful,
that there was not the slightest possible chance of
success, and that his appearance at the hustings
would most probably damage his future prospects.
He accordingly withdrew his pretensions at the
eleventh hour, and Lord ARUNDEL and SUR-
REY has had a " walk over," and is at this moment
the representative in Parliament for the third city of
Ireland.

So far as the Noble Lord is personally concerned,
we can have no possible objection to this result. The
heir-apparent of the eldest branch of the " Howsans,"
a man distinguished no less for his ancient blood and
elevated position in society, than for the amiability
and frankness of his disposition, who gained the
friendship and respect of every person with whom be
was acquainted, might have addressed, without pre-
sumption, any constituency in the United King-
dom ; and it would be fortunate for the country if
many such men could be found to undertake the cares
aad responsibilities inseparable from a seat in the elec-
tive branch of the Legislature. But there are mat-
ters connected with the case deserving of the most
serious consideration, and which should not be lost
sight of or forgotten when the new Reform Bill of
1852 is before Parliament.

And first we ask, why it is that Lord ARUNDEL had
at this period to look after "the most sweet voices"
of any electors, English or Irish? Almost imme-
diately after the Noble Lord had attained his majority
he was returned to Parliament for the town in which
his father's influence was supposed to be paramount,
and from which he himself derived his title. It has
never been asserted that he was very closely cross-
examined on any. political subject, or that serious
differences had arisen between him and his consti-
tuents on any important question of general interest.
So far as the " free and independent " electors of
Arundel were concerned, the Noble Lord might have
retained his seat until called in the ordinary course
of human events to the Upper House. So far as
they were concerned, he might have recommended
" curry-powder " as a panacea for the starving Irish,
or indulged in other freak of fancy.. He might have
supported or opposed the Ministry, been Tory, Whig,
or Radical, Protectionist or Free-trader at his
mere will and pleasure. He might continue
the unobtrusive course on which he had entered, or
have "out-sibthorped SIDTHORP," without exciting a
sensation in that ancient borough. But the Duke
was its recognised patron ; he could not allow any
interference with his privilege of " doing what he
liked with his own," even though the delinquent was
his heir-apparent, the successor to his titles and
estates. He held an office under the Crown, which
was supposed to ensure, not only his own support in
the Lords, but the support of " his Members" or no-
minees in the Commons. Lord ARUNDEL, influenced we
believe by strictly conscientious motives, thought proper
to oppose a Government Bill—and through what influ-
ence we know not, he was compelled to resign his
seat, to relinquish the position he had so long filled.
Is this a fair representation or a gross delusion ? was
the cloven foot ever more clearly exhibited, or a
stronger illustration afforded of the necessity for
further measures of reform and the insufficiency of
the Act of 1832? It even goes fatther than the
case of the Duke of NEWCASTLE, when Esrl of
Lincoln, for although that Noble Lord obeyed
the call of his father, and resigned
his seat, he yet again offered himself as a candidate,
and stood a close contest. But Lord ARUNDEL did
no such thing. He was well aware of the de-
pendence of the constituency—that it was the Duke
of Noaroes. for the. time being who practically
returned the Member—who might, if he thought
proper, send in his footman as a legislator, and who
was induced to exercise his power even at the ex-
pense of his nearest relative, by the liberal and
reforming Ministry. Do not these simple facts
speak trumpet-tongued ?—do they not afford the
most powerful and convincing arguments in favour of
a large and comprehensive measure of Parliamentary
reform ?

There is another point in the case, which
cannot be passed over without notice. The Duke
of NORFOLK had scarcely acted in this
cavalier manner towards the electors of Arundel,
when Mr. JOHN O'CONNELL deals with the represen-
tation of another and more important constituency
with almost equal nonchalance. He, however, re-
quired the assistance of clerical coadjutors, or his
project must have fallen to the ground. They exer-
cised a spiritual despotism over the consciences of the
voters that prevented the possibility of any appeal
againsttt their decision, and we have seen how fully
Rh
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considered, they will be found wall worthy of the
notice of all Parliamentary reformers.

HENRY MAYHEW has not lived in vain. As the
historian of the poor he will be long and honourably
remembered. There is, to our thinking, something
very noble and touching indeed in the assiduity with
which he has conducted his researches into the con-
dition of the labouring classes of the metropolis, and,
undeterred by the squalor and wretchedness encoun-
tered in those inquiries, proceeded resolutely in col-
lecting together the materials of his strange and
melancholy revelations. During the past twelve
months there have appeared in regular in-
stalments the result of his very remarkable
experiences. Published unostentatiously among
the cheapest class of periodicals, the importance of this
extraordinary serial may possibly have been over-
looked by the undiscerning, its value as a contribu-
tion to the general stock of knowledge not being duly
recognised and appreciated. With the future anna-
list of the reign of VICTORIA. the great work here
undertaken by Mr. MAynew will be hell in very
different estimation. It will be regarded in its true
character as one of the most generous enterprises
ever entered upon by one who was anxious to
aid in ameliorating the condition of his fellow crea-
tures, and to evidence while so doing a visible bene-
volence and a practical philanthropy. As the
originator and conductor of this novel, we might even
say unprecedented scheme, he himself remarks in the
Preface to his first volume, now just issued from the
press,• that the attempt may assuredly be considered
curious, inasmuch as it is in truth an endeavour to
"publish the history of a people from the lips
of the people themselves," the entire com-
pilation being intended to form, when com-
pleted, a " cyclopedia of the industry, the want,
and the vice of the great Metropolis." Such
an enterprise as this must indeed be acknowledged to
possess a peculiar claim upon public curiosity, and
a claim also, of no feeble kind, upon national
admiration. Its mere suggestion would have be-
tokened a singular degree of beneficence. What,
therefore, shall be said of its successful commence-
ment and gradually developing realization ? What ?
But that its author has entitled himself to the good
wishes of the community he has thus striven to relieve
by the exposure of a multiplicity of evils—evils of a
kind so terrible and ofa magnitude so enormous that they
must inevitably have induced any ordinary investigator
to recoil from the horror of their mere enumeration.
Estimating at this high value the fruits of these toils
on the part of HENRY MAYHEW, it would, perhaps,
be unfair to that gentleman, as well as to ourselves, if
we were not to premise, while expressing these opi-
nions, that personally we are altogether strangers to
each other. It is consequently from no feelings less
deserving of regard than those of conscientious and
deliberate conviction, that we pronounce these simple
but emphatic words of eulogium over the head of this
true-hearted Englishman.
That we are not exaggerating in any particular
whatever the importance of the volume just com-
pleted, we conceive that its homely but arresting nar-
rative affords a sufficient demonstration. I❑ it are
comprised accounts of the Street Sellers from the lips
of the Street Sellers themselves, having especial re-
ference to the Palterers and Costermongers of the
metropolis. Recollecting that the facts accumulated
together in these pages have in every instance been
owing to the personal inquiries of Mr. MAYHEW, and
that very frequently indeed they have been recounted
to him with a storm of tears and lamentations, evi•
dencing in this manner their moat lamentable authen-
ticity—the work it must be confessed assumes to itself
a value beyond all price, the value of a truth alto-
gether unimpeachable. We might almost characterise
it as a collection of autobiographies interspersed with
illustrative remarks, and embellished with suggestive
engravings from daguerreotypes. When it is remem-
bered that these histories of wretchedness and degra-
dation have been obtained by HENRY MAYHEW solely
through the industrious pertinacity of his researches ;
when it is remembered, moreover, that those re-
searches have necessitated his entrance into the most
abominable dens of London, the foulest rookeries, the
most pestilential and squalid localities within the
boundaries of the capital, it must be allowed that to
him the public are indebted for a noble dis-
regard of personal inconvenience. The villanous
and obscure haunts frequented by the lowest
dregs of the community, the most loathsome
dwellings of a class almost brutalised in their igno-
rance and licentiousness, scenes of unutterable pollu-
tion, and neighbourhoods notorious for the ferocity
of their depraved inhabitants,—all,these places have
bad to be scrutinized, all their horrid disclosures have
had to be ransacked anddetailedfrom the lips of beings
whose ignominious debasement would have induced
most men to recoil from their approach—before the
work could be adventured upon which is here
progressively advancing in its development.
HENRY MAYHEW has consequently had to set
at nought all considerations of self in
realizing his heroic ambition of assuaging the pangs
of the poor by constituting himself their historian-
Such he must henceforth be regarded, and as such he
has secured to himself the respect and admiration
of all right-thinking observers. His exertions
in behalf of the general community have been and
are still of no ordinary magnitude. In referring to
them thus explicitly, we must, as one of the organs
of journalism, do so in language of earnest and
grateful panegyric, bidding him, moreover, a fervent
God speed in the completion of his beneficent enterprise.
* " London Labour and the London Poor; a Cyclo-
pedia of the Condition and Earnings of those that will
Work, those that cannot Work, and those that will not
Work. Vol. I. By Henry Mayhew, 16, Upper Wel-
lington-street, Strand, London."

LIVERPOOL, FRIDAY, AUG. I.—The screw steam-
ship City of Glasgow, Captain Latch, arrived this morning
from Philadelphia, whence she sailed on the 17th ult. .r,he
brings 15,000 dolls. in specie on freight. The Pacific Steam
Navigation Company's steam-ship Santiago arrived in the
Mersey yesterday from Glasgow. She is of 1,100 tons bur-
den, with engines of 400 horse-power, and is intended to
carry the mails between Panama, Callao, and Valparaiso.
The Santiago will sail for her destination on the 7th inst.,
touching on the passage at Rio Janeiro.
HONESTY REWARDED —A few nights since, a re-
markable instance, showing the manner in which honest men
e sometimes rewarded, occurred to a waterman, named
Daniel Bowles, of Rotherhithe. It appears a person of gen-
tlemanly appearance engaged Bowles to ferry him across
from Napping Dock-stairs to Mr. Smith's, Church-stairs,
Rotherhithe, about eleven o'clock at night. The fare was
completed, and Bowlas went ashore. In about two hours
afterwards the gentleman returned in great haste and much
excited, making anxious inquiry for the waterman who had
rowed him across the river. Bowlas was subsequently found,
whe❑ the gentleman informed him that he had left a bag in
his boat coutaining fifty sovereigns in gold. A light was im-
mediately procured, and, upon searching the boat, the mis-
sing money was discovered by Bowlas lying under the seat.
The gentleman (whose name is unknown) came ashore,
greatly astonished at his fortunate recovery of the cash, and
after thanking the waterman for his honesty, kindly gave him
a pint of porter and then walked away.
THE ASTRONOMER PUZZLED.—LittIe Boy—What's
the use of an eclipse? Astronomer—Oh, I don't knowl It
gives the sun time for refection.—Punch.

Lord John Russell paid a visit to Osborne on
Thursday. Oa arriving at Southampton at one P.M., his
Lordship was informed that her Majesty's yacht Fairy would
not arrive to take him to Cowes before nearly three P.M.
Lord John, therefore, snugly ensconced himself during the
interval in one of the dock offices, and quietly read a book
which he had with him. The Prime Minister returned to
town yesterday by one of the early morning trains, accom-
panied by the Earl of Shelburne.
ANOTHER POISONING CASE IN NORFOLY.—A
young woman named Hannah Neale, residing in the village
of Outwell, near Downham, has been committed for trial on
a charge of having poisoned her husband. From the evidence
adduced at the inquest it appeared that the accused had
formed an intimacy with another man, and had, not long
since, deserted her husband and family for a brief period,
which she spent with her paramour. Soon after her return
home her husband was seized with an illness of which he
died, and the symptoms were of such a suspicious character
that the surgeon in attendance determined on making an
ewnination of the body. This proceeding was opposed by
the widow, and the result was an inquest on Thursday last,
when, after the examination of several witnesses, Hannah
Neale was fully committed for trial at the next Norwich
assizes for the wilful murder of her husband.

SoYER s STatrosium.—The usual Friday file at
Gore House, Kensington, passed off with great eclat. The
public are greatly indebted to M. Soyer for the munificent
manner in which these weekly fides are provided for them.
The grounds are beautiful, and when lit up surpass even
Cremorne in point of display. The attendance was very nu-
merous. In addition to the other attractions, the visitors
seemed to pay a marked attention to M. Soyer's cuisine, the
cheapness and comfort of which is so efficiently displayed at.
this establishment. The fireworks were of the usual magni-
ficent description.
NEW MONEY ORDER OFFICEIS.—The undermen-
tioned offices will be opened as Minor Money Order Offices
on the following days, viz., on the Ist of August—Ensham,
Oxfordshire; Ringscliffe, Northamptonshire; Ripley, York-
shire; Sldithwmte, Yorkshire. On the 4th of August—
Ombersley, Worcestershire. On the 6th of ♦uguet—R►ag-
land, Monmouthshire. On the Bth of August—Blaenavon,
Monmouthshire. On the 11th of August—Talgarth, Bre-
conihire. Ott the 13th of August -Llandrindod, Radnor-
shire. On the 15th of August—Trecastle, irecoashire. On
the 18th of August—Tregam, Cardiganshire.