The Sun.
London, England, 1834-01-28 00:00:00

BRIGHTON, JAN. 27.

Yesterday afternoon his Majesty, accompanied by the
Princess Augusta, drove out along the cliffs, passing and
reposing between Brunswick-terrace and Kemp-town.
The Queen, accompanied by the Countess of Mayo
end Miss Bagot, attended Divine Service in the afternoon,
at St. George's chapel, when the Rev. Mr. Anderson
read prayers, and afterwards preached a most impressive
sermon.
The royal dinner party last evening included the Princess
Augusta, the Duke of Cumberland, Earl and Countess of
Mayo, Lord Byron, Earl and Countess of Errol, Viscount
and Viscountess Falkland, and suite.

The unfavourable state of the weather to-day renders
it almost impossible to go abroad, and the town presents
a dreary appearance, the drives and promenades being
cornpletrly deserted.

There will be no new appointment at the
India Board in room of Mr. Macaulay, on his leaving for
India. Mr. Gordon and Mr. Stewart Mackenzie will
then he the two secretaries.
CLAIM TO THE TITLE OR LORD LE BE-

TlLLaa.—We understand that it is the intention of Mur-
lagh O'Brien Butler, of Bansha, in the county Tipperary,
"'9•r nephew and heir-at-law of the last Lord Dunboyne,
to bring forward his claim to the title of Lord Le Beteller,
which ancient dignity his ancestor posses-ed in the year
.1324, reign of Edward the Second. This gentleman's
nephew is married to a niece of the Marquis of Anglesea
, and the Earl of Essex.—Dublin Morning Register.
GRAND MASQUERADE AT THE OPERA
11°115R.--Tbe second and last masquerade of the season
was held last night at the Opera House. Every part of
the house, even to the gallery, was crowded to excess, and
at a rough computation we should say that there were at
least four thousand persons. Many appeared in character,
and some kept up their assumed characters with consider-
able spirit. Two bands of music were in attendance, and
dancing was attempted, but with little success, from the
crowded state of the saloon ; there were also voltigeurs,
Chinese tumblers, and other artistes, who diversified the
amusements of the evening with their feats of agility. On
the whole, it was one of the beat exhibitions of the kind we
have seen.
On Monday, the 20th instant, a public din-
ter was given to Mr. Walter, M.P. for Refits, by his
constituents, at the Globe Inn, Newbury. Mr. E. Gray,
of Newbury, was in the chair. Dr. Mitford and several
influential gentlemen in the county were present.
J. M. Shipton, Esquire, the Russian Vice-
Consul of this port, has received an official communira.
tion from the Russian Government that, in consequence of
the failure of the late hat vest in Russi i, all grain and pulse
Will be admitted into tie ports of the Baltic and White
Sea, and also by the frontiers of Prussia, duty free...—.
Gloucester Journal.

EAST SOMERSET ELECTION.—The nomi-
nation is fixed to take Glace at Wells on Monday nest,
February 3. The determination so generally expr;Nsed
by the electors througSout the division to support Mr.
Miles would have rendered opposition to him hopeless if
any other candidate had appeared. It is said that Mr.
Runt will be put it, nomination, but it is not likely that
his opposition will extend beyond one of his vituperative
',Peaches against Whigs and Tories.—Bristol Journal.
MR. BURKE'S HISTORY OF THE COM•
mowaßs.--Tfie first volume of this most valuable work,
comprising the history of between three and four hundred
families, is now completed and published, and we are
assured that neither the immense labour of research, nor
the frequent references to the parties themselves for the
procurement of the necessary information, will prevent
the steady progress, and speedy completion of this impor-
tant undertaking--one so truly interesting to the Gentry
of England.

BUCKINGHAMSHIRE AGRICULTURAL As-
SOCIATION.-013 Wednesday there was a general meeting
of this Association at the White Hart Inn, Aylesbury, to
receive the report of the Committee appointed to consider
the premiums to be given to the labourers, &e. &c. The
Noble President said that he was deeply gratified at being
enabled to announce to the meeting that his Majesty had
With his usual munificence given him 501. to add to the
Erred for the encouragement and relief of the agricultural
labourers. He (Lord Chandos) was most happy in being
the medium through which the King's gift was conveyed
And it must be exceedingly gratifying to the meeting to
!mow that the Sovereign approved of the plan which they
bad Proposed.

ADDRESS TO THE BISHOP OF GLOUCES•
xert.--On Thursday last the Archdeacon of the diocese of
Gloucester,
supported by the Dean, the Rev. Dr. Hall,
and nearly all the clergy of the city and neighbourhood,
presented an address to the Bishop, which had been pre-
viously agreed on at a recent general meeting of the clergy,
and which declared a resolution to " withstand, by such
Means as become the ministers of Christ, all encroach-
ments on the essential internal polity, or spiritual privi-
leges of the church." The Rev. Prelate, in his reply to
this address, expressed his " entire and full concurrence"
in the sentiments it contained.
PUBLIC MEETING OF THE CLERGY AND
LAITY OF THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND IN CHELTENHA3I.
---.oa Tuesday last, pursuant to notice, this public meet-
ing was held in the National School Room, and attended
by upwards of five hundred of the most respectable resi-
dents of Cheltenham and its vicinity. R. B. Cooper,
4%4 was in the Chair. Many clergymen addressed the
Meeting at length, and a Report of the Provisional Com-
mittee of the Clergymen of the County of Gloucester was
read, which was to the effect that they deprecated all in-
terference with " the fundamental doctrines and essential
polity" of the Church.
The river Thames, in the neighbourhood of
Ha ton, Wal
mp m
p ton, Weybridge, and Chertsey, exhibits at
the resent moent " a World of
deluge. The land is entirely flooded forwate manyr miles. There
a," a complete
has not been a similar overw for nearly twenty years.
The navigation above bridge ifloll Wholly suspended.
THE NAVAL AND MILITARY LIBRARY OF
ENTErrainmENT.---Two Numbers of this new and
cheap Monthly Library have appeared
--: ea7toanlniriog.lCaseeprotevako_ips
Marryat's " Naval
~Officer,"
each in 3andl CaPtain
" Sailors and Saints,
.vo s.
lame, bound. The third set, to be
.published the ibt f
hrnary, will contain the
_,"Tales of Military Life," b This
Fe-
author of the " Military Sketch Book," in 3 vols.
new Library of Entertainment, although of especial in-
terest to the two services, cannot fail to become popular
with every class of readers, notis
literary excellence. It only on account of its
cheapness, but by reason of its
has been justly observed, that " the military are bi-
vouacked in the heart of society; they are
alike
of the
constantly in
in
the centre of its gayeties; the sharers
full of diversity,
and the perils of life. Their progress is
d with the and their adventures are equally tinge
marvel-
lous, the pathetic, and the humourous.
„
LAW or LIBEL.—We regret to find by the
last Cork Reporter, that a clergyman has commenced an
or
action against that most useful and excellent paper f
publishing an advertisement, in which no name was men-
tioned! ! Damages in this case have been laid at a thou-
.sand pounds. It certainly is full time that such a state of
things should be put an end to.—Dublin Morning Reg.
• t The Court of Assizes for the Haute Vienna
rithrecently been occupied, for twelve successive days,
familye trial of a young man, of a. highly respectable
him 01Z1 !uperior education, upon an indictment accusing
d a will in the
name of "ing' in the year 1827,
PertY, to tlh4euent' leaving to himself frheagnewhsoisleterosf, her pro-
flee letters eon/elusion of his brothers
. d
which
haantde atlbsoe
address post rmatory of this will, all
Bt-rnarks. He had taken so many letteil actually
• tr) him at pa 's here he was studying meth-
• clue, and by • 'I
' w
writing in ' a ,chytnical process, hay • ing extracted the
. the inside, he forged other writing, suited to
his nefarious purpose, in its place. Ile was also further

indicted for forging a contract for the sale of an estate.
The forgeries were proved by able chymists, who repro-
duced upon the letters' and ei'n.r.,t for sale several letters,
and a few words of the oti,z,ruil writing. He was found
Runty, and sentenced to so'itAry confinement f)r )1;;Ilt
years.—French Paper.

The new Lord of the Treasury is not yet
named. The reports in circulAtion are without foundation.

Lord Howard of Effingham is to be the se-
conder of the Address in the House of Peers, to he moved
by the Dole of Sutherland. Mr. Lefevre, one of the
Alembers for Hamp.hire, is to move the Address in the
House of Commons. We have beard that Mr. Morrison,
who represents Ipswich, is to he t'. seconder.

POLITICAL CLUE.—A new club is forming,
consisting of Members of the House of Commons totally
unconnected with either of the leading parties in the
House. About fifty Commoners have inscribed their
names as member;, and others are expected to join them
before Parliament meets. Neither Mr. Hume nor Mr.
O'Connell are members.

From the arrangements making in the nu-
merous gambling-houses at the west end of the town, the
proprietors of these rinks of iniquity expect a productive
season, and an increase of dupes. Their agents are dis-
persed among those places where strangers and others
arrive, on coming to town, and who endeavour to make
acquaintance with the parties, for the purpose of inducing
them to visit the gambling_houses, by whom the knives
are employed, and where the unfortunate strangers are
sure to be fleeced ! Some of the agents get a per centage
on the spoil ; and others are paid a weekly salary, as
decoys!

ALLAN BRECK.—We are requested to state
that this new work by the author of " The Subaltern,"
&e., was published this day, by Mr. Bentley, New Burling-
ton-street. Agents for Scotland, Messrs. Bell and Brad-
fate, Edinburgh; for Ireland, Mr. John Cumming, Dublin.
Country orders should be forwarded immediately to the
various booksellers to insure its delivery with the Maga-
zine, on the first day of the month.

CALICO PRINTING.—CaIico printing was
begun in England in 1690, when a small print-ground was
established at Richmond by a Frenchman, probably a
refugee. The first large establishment was at Bromley-
hall, in Essex; and about 1668, the trade was begun in
Lancashire, where it is now chiefly carried on. In 1795
a piece of printed calico sold for three guineas, which now,
with a very good profit, could be sold for 18s, The ar-
ticle that in 1811 sold for one guinea, now sells for seven
shillings.

Four thousand one hundred and seventy-nine
rupees is the amount of the subscriptions at Calcutta, on
the 22d July towards the erection of a monument at
Edinburgh to the intmory of the late Sir Walter Scott,
B irt. It has been also resolved that a bust of the
lamented Baronet he placed in the Town-hall.

THE FAMILY OF BURNS.—Of the family
and fame of the poet something should be said. Good
and active friends bestirred themselves after his death.
Currie munificently wrote his life and edited his works ;
Robert, his eldest son, was placed in the stamp-office by
Lord Sidmouth ; cadetships in India were generously
obtained for William and James by Sir James Shaw, who
otherwise largely befriended the family; and Lord Pan-
mure nobly presented 1001. annually to his widow, till the
success of her scns in India enabled them to interpose;
and take—not without remonstrance—that pious duty on
themselves. The venerable Mrs. Burns lives in the house
;where her eminent husband died ; all around her has an
air of comfort, and she has been enabled to save a small
sum out of her annual income; her brother, a London
merchant of much revectability, has long interested him-
self in her affairs; and her brother-in-law, Gilbert, died
lately, after having estalilishe4 his family successfully in
the world.— Cunningham's Life of Burns.

PORT of LONDON.—Notwithstanding the
prognostications of the decay of the trade of the port of
London, the amount of tonnage entering the port of Lon-
don is on the increase. At the half yearly meeting of the
London Dock Company, held on Friday, the 10th inst.,
at the dock house, the Chairman state.,l that there was an
increase in the shipping which entered the port of Londbil
in the year just closed, of 385 ships, of the tonnage of
65,900 tons—that the quantity of merchandize in the
London Docks is now greater than at any one period for
many years past—which (as the Chairman emphatically
said) is a pretty strong answer to the assertions of those
who would make us believe that the trade of this, the first
port of the world, is on the decline. The facts form a
strong and decisive negative to the assertions of many of
the speakers at the late shipowner's me,ting, " that if
Ministers persevere in their present wild and theoretic line
of policy, the whole trade of the country will be ruined."

Saturday, during the excavation of a sawpit,
on premises in preparation for a deal yard, in William-
street, the workmen discovered, five feet below the sur-
face, the remains of a half-decked barge, about forty feet
long. The place where it was discovered was but lately
a swamp, and must have teen entirely open to the river
some time previously.—Waterford Chronicle.

SINGULAR VERDICT.—An inquest was
recantly held upon the body of a man found in a cellar,
where he had taken shelter, in Montreal, and a verdict
returned by the Jury that he "Died of Misery."

Yesterday an inquest was held at the Horse
and Groom, Westminster•road, on the body of John Grif.
fith, aged 89. The deceased on Sunday week was crossing
Newgate street from Pitnyer-alley, when he was knocked
down by an omnibus belonging to Mr. John Boulton, of
Paddington. The nervous shock which the old tnaa
received no doubt caused his death, as it did not appear
he received any material bodily injury. He died on Fri-
day. There was no blame attributable to the driver, and
the Jury returned a ♦erdict of Accidental Death.

The day before yesterday, between 11 and
12 o'clock, a tall stout man entered the office of Madame
Rousselot, a distributor of stamps, on the first floor at
NR. 34, Rue Neuve St. Martin, and asked for stamps.
While she was opening her drawer, he forced his arm
through the slender wire work in front of her desk, and
seized her by the throat, when, alarmed by her cries, the
porter of the house came in. The villain was armed with
a dagger; and attempted to stab his assailant, but, fortu-
nately, only wounded him slightly in the hand. The
porter retained his presence of mind, and ran and shut the
gate in order to prevent his escape. The robber then ran
up to one of the higher stories, and stabbed himself in
eight different places, but none of his wounds are mortal.
He was taken to the hospital of St. Louis, wnere he has
undergone an examination.— Galignani's Messenger.

Saturday last, the 11th inst., as some gar-
deners were preparing the ground for planting tree+ on
the estate of M. Mazucco, near the cemetery of the hos-
pital of Clermont, they ftund an ancient tomb, formed of
very large bricks, containing the skeleton of what appeared
to have been a young woman. It was in fine preservation
and the skull retained all the teeth. Hoping to find some
treasure, they broke the tomb to pieces and destroyed se-
seral va,es, lachrymatories, and other articles, which bail
been placed around the body ; but M. Alazucco recovered
two in tolerably good condition, and two medals in copper,
hearing the figure of a female, with the name Antonina.
This has given rise to a conjecture that it might have been
Antonina, the wife of Belisarius.—Putriote du Puy de
Dome.

About seven o'clock on Sunday night a fire
broke out in a hayloft beltsnging to the premises of Mr. J.
Hughes, corn and hay dealer, of 3, Crispin street, Spital-
6. ad% and soon communicated to the rear of Mr. Hughes's
though
fhoruse. Mr. and Mrs. Hughes, and the father of the
° mer, on being aroused by the alarm of fire, rushed
immarndetnhoe house, and were so overcome by fear that they
The neighter:ri
:tempt to save any portion of the pit,perty, al-
rooms were wholly untouched uy the fire.
some
Propert s afterwards entered the house, and rescued
ariiveYd, but it was much damaged. The engines
having
Mr. Robinson, andull" ;
the house of wil°. time,u the principal loss was confined to
street, were injured. but the adjoining dwelling of
he rear of three houses in Dorset-
roe origin of the fire cannot be
discovered. Mr.
and Sun offices. Hughes is insured in the Hand in Hand
WHITE ANTS OF T' I
E BRAZILS.—The
yl''
''ch
following account of a singular
the white ant of Para,
is
givenaobnoyance occasioned by
" A feeling of unpleasant _chill
recent traveller:—
, which extended right
across our bodies, awoke us one night, WCO
ffelt about us
in the dark, and discovered a cold, rea,,,Wsy ,ding mass,
swarming onwards across the bed,
It as formed b a
myriad train of termites ; and the linear space which theyy
occupied, running upon and against each other at all points,
was eiAliteen inches wide. They followed their beStin
straight line, without suffering themselves to be disturbed by
the tate of those which preceded them, and had been killed
by the application of hot water. There was no end to the
march of these insects until break of day, by which time
the slain had accumulated to a large basketful. Fortu-
nately, they found nothing in the aparttnent which could
attract their voracity; some old paintings only had been
stripped of ;heir colours and eanvasa,"....illirror.

PORTUGAL.

(From the Times Private Correspondent.)

LISBON, JAN. 18.

Upon comparing the copies of my letters of the 12th
and 13th instant with the notes which I daily take of any-
thing that occurs, I find that I omitted to add, with re-
ference to what Admiral Napier said as to his not wishing
the present Mini►try to be changed, that he thought it
ought to be extended.

By the Clironica of the 17th you will find that my in-
formation, under date of the 13th, respecting Saldanha's
having moved forward with 5,000 men was correct. Upon
the 15th he took Leyria, and out of a garrison of 1,476
infantry, and 40 horse, very few escaped—according to
reports not 150 altogether. Four pieces of,cannon fell
into the hands of Donna Maria's troops, and I must add for
your government, that, if I am well informed, in his pri-
vate letter to the Minister he says, " You will he disap-
pointed at the number of prisoners not being larger; but
my troops were so bent on revenge that it was some time
before I could force them to give quarter." This event
has given general satisfaction, and I think I may prepare
you for further news in the course of a few days; but whe-
ther the move will be on Coimbra or Abrantes I cannot
venture to affirm, although I am led to believe that it will
be on the former place. The Duke of Terceira has 11,683
men, independent of Saldanha's division ; and of course no
account is taken here of the troops at Oporto, Setubal,
Peniche, the Algarves, Marvao, and in this capital. Don
Miguel's men begin to feel a scarcity of that which always
tends to support the Portuguese and Spaniards in the
midst of every privation—l mean tobacco, and where they
will get it from, unless it be from Spain, I know not.
1 mentioned in my last that the appointment of the
Duke of Terceira had given great satisfaction to all, and
I can state upon very good authority that the Conde do
Porto Santo has to a great extent changed his opinions
respecting the present Ministers, and particularly with
regard to M. de Silva Carvalho, who he conceives has his
country's good at heart, and a sine: re wish to improve it
in every respect. The Conde do Porto Santo is considered
to be one of the very principal members of what is here
c died the Pahnella or moderate party. He was the Duke
of Palmella's colleague at the Congress of Vienna, and
has been Minister at several Courts, &c. ; he further was
appointed President of the Municipal Camara of Lisbon
last July, when the Duke entered it with the liberating
forces : this appointment gave umbrage to many of
the Liberals, because they conceived that the Conde do
Porto was rather an enemy to any kind of representative
government, and I therefore deem this change in his sen-
timents as an event of the most vital importance at this
moment. The Count, from every thing I heir, is a man
of talents, and a respectable member of society.
Although with very great diffidence, from the delicacy
of the question, I venture to give you the results of my
inquiries regarding Don Pedro, and as 1 hereafter shall see
reason to alter my opinion one way or the other, so will I
be free to state the same in my subsequent communica-
tions. In the first place, it is not generally thought that
he entertains the least idea of becoming the Sovereign of
this country, and much less so that of any neighbouring
state ; all admit his heroic conduct at Oporto, his courage
and willingness to undergo any privation there, when his
expenses during all the siege did not exceed 2,5001.,
although he oaten entertained his generals and others at
dinner. He of course feels the effect of the want of educa-
tion, and having been from his early years accustomed to
command in the Brazils, he is petulant, and this very pe-
tulance, or call it, if you will, quickness of disposition, in-
duces many people to think him violent. It is said of him
that he speaks his mind with more frankness thin a sove-
reign, or, indeed, any courtier should do,which often creates
him enemies, but that be always speaks the truth. Natwith
standing that Oporto was suffering all the horrors of a siege,
he would only allow of six punishments with death taking
place, and even these because they were soldiers, and the
discipline of the army required it. Respecting, his political
sentiments, people who ought to know him well say, that
he is from his heart fond of liberal institutions ; and some
go so far ae to say, that perhaps he even carries his ideas
in this respect too far. I will add, that from my own
observation, the guard on duty at his palace does not ex-
ceed 42 men, and that these are not troops, but volunters,
inhabitants of this town. He goes out, and walks about
the rreet., with only one attendant; and I have seen him,
Donna Maria, and the Duchess of Braganza re'urning
home from the Opera at half-past 11 at night without one
single guard as an escort, and his doing this in such
strt ets as those of Lisbon, containing 210,000 inhabitants,
goes a great way to convince me that he is not disliked by
any great portion of the people. lie is very easy of access
to every one ; and I am told that lie is determined to
stand by his presem Ministers. In my next I will give
you some details regarding the Ministers Freire, Aguiar,
and Margioqui.
General Macdonald, who had the command of Don Mi-
guel's army, has given it up, and was on the 11th at Fi-
gueira, wishing to embark.

By the newspapers which I have sent you, you will per-
ceive that the number of deserters continues on the in-
cr,ase ; and from the Setubal letter, which I subjoin, we
may infer that those who present themselves here are only
such as belong to the regular troops, as the Royalist Vo.
lunteers return to their homes direct without presenting
themselves to any one.

You will also observe that during the last four months
no less than upwards of 20,500 pipes of wine have been
exported from Oporto, 19,370 of which are for England,
and I am assured that the profits thereon this season are
very large. Although the house of Omerod and Co. have
only shipped 86 pipes, it appears that they had 4,000
pipes in store, a great part of which they have resold at a
good profit to ot er shippers.
You will likewise observe the decree under date the
11th inst., in order that the troops may, from the Ist of
this month, receive all their pay in cash, without any dis•
count whatever; also the speech of the Chairman of the
Tribunal of Commerce, upon the opening of the same for
the present year, from which it would appear that the
merchants are much satisfied with their new code of laws
and regulations.

Also a confirmation of what I stated to you in the latter
part of my letter of the 12th, respecting a fresh success
obtained by Donna Maria's troops in Marvao.
You will hardly believe that there are some days when
the newspapers here do not appear till two or three o'clock
in the afternoon, although the understanding is that they
shall he delivered to the public about 8 o'clock in the
morning ; so that if these people had to publish a journal
of the size of the Times, it would probably take them
rather more than ten days to prepare it.
The Conde de Figueira, who was Don Miguel's Am-
bassador at Madrid, but who returned to his house here
some time since, and was living very quietly, has taken
himself off, it is asserted, within these few days, to Don
Miguel's head-quarters, without any cause being assigned,
and this is the more astonishing, as the Miguelite cause is
decidedly on the wane.

On the 13th instant an inventory was taken by M. Es-
candon, a secret agent of the Spanish Government here,
the Spanish Consul, and his Vice- Consul, of all the effects
l:elonging to Dun Carlos and the Infanta, which are in the
Consul's custody, and which, notwithstanding everything
that has been said in the London papers to the contrary,
have, I am assured, never been interfered with by this Go-
vernment. TLe object of the above proceeding is not
known. I cannot but think that this Government proc.eds
with very great moderation in tolerating the presence of M.
Escandon in this town, where it is well known that he makes
himself very busy in spreading all manner of unfavourable
reports to Donna Maria's cause. The Spanish Cmsul has
lately received a letter from the Minister Zea regarding
three Spaniards who lately came here from France, from
the contents of which it is very easy to perceive how very
partial he still is towards Don Miguel.
The other evening I was zit the hal; given by the Assam-
Idea E'xtranxeira (say the Foreign Club), which was well
attended by between 450 and 500 persons of distinction.
Every praise must be bestowed on the members of the dub
for their judicious arrangements. The Royal Family
were prevented from attending in consequence of the death
of the Princess Mary, at Santarem, the report of which I
communicated to you in my last. I saw at the above ball
the Conde de Taipa, who is reported to be an amiahle man,
but whose looks certainly are rather wild. lam told that
the Ministers have signified to him that he may safely walk
about the streets or anywhere else, as they will not take
any further notice of him or his letters.

The case of the Joseph and William, Thomas Mahony
master, captured on the 2d of October last, came on be-
fore the Admiralty-court on the 13th instant, when, upon
the grounds which you will find detailed in yesterday's
Chronica, she was declared a good prize.
I am assured that one of the Peers, called the Conde de
San Miguel, who is stated to be a Miguelite, is suspected
of being the author of many of the unfavourable reports
which sometimes have circulated here, as well as a very
active agent of discord wherever he can introduce it. Not
even knowing the individual by sight, I give you the re-
port just as I got it.
About fourteen Belgians or Irish are stated to have de-
serted to the enemy some twelve days since from the Al-
garve.,

The troops are well and regularly paid now, and I am
assured that Captain Crosby, of the navy, has received all
that was doe to him, and two years' pay in addition, upon

his leaving the service, agreeably to the agreement origi-
nally entered into between him and Admiral Sartorius.
I have only time to add, that the details of the affair
at Leyria have just been published, and I annex the
Chronica of this day, containing them, where you will
perceive that the business was done by the cavalry under
the gallant Brigadier-General Bacon, of whose conduct
upon this occasion 1 am told that Count Saldanha writes
in the highest admiration in his private letter to the
Minister at War. From the number of prisoners it
wou'd appear that nearly the whole of the enemy's
troops have been put to the sword.
The prevailing fever at Santarem continues on the in-
crease.

SETUBAL, JAN. 14.

The Miguelites, who we thought were coming towards
this place, have gone in the direction of Mon,enior ; two
of our soldiers, who were their prisoners for some days,
and attempted to run away from Palma, were retaken by
them and shot, being attended to the place of execution
by that monster Father Casimiro, the monk.
The whole corps of Royalists of Monsarras and Moura
have all abandoned Don Miguel's cause and returned to
their homes. Z. A.

EXTRACT OF ANOTHER LETTER, DATED LISBON, JAN. 18.

I have this moment seen the despatch from the Conde
le Saldanha, reporting the capture of the important town
Leyria. It was garrisoned by about 1,470 infantry and
50 cavalry, all of whom were put to the sword or made
prisoners, with the exception of an officer or two, and half
a dozen of the cavalry. Saldanha was moving on Coimbra
when his despatch came away, and would within a few
days leave us a free communication with Oporto. Two
vessels of war are preparing to start for Figueira to act in
concert with him, and the steamer George IV. will also
proceed to Oporto, with various supplies for the army, to
enable them to move against Aveiro. At Santarem the
Miguelites are suffering more than ever from sickness, and
it is probable will very shortly be compelled to move to the
southward. The Constitutionalists have 11,000 men
watching them—quite sufficient to drive them upon the ter-
ritory of Spain, as soon as they sally from behind their walls.

We extract from the Chronicu Constitucional of
Lisbon of the 18th, General Saldanha's despatch, con-
taining the official details of the important military ope-
ration by which he obtained possession of Leyria on the
15th instant. The blank left at the commencement of
the translation is an accident, owing to our correspondent,
who, to diminish the charge for postage, has cut off the
margins of the pipers to be forwarded. In the present
instance the scissors have carried away a line from the
bottom of one of the pages of the Chronica. The de-
spatch is addressed to "The Minister for the Affairs of
War."

" Having on the 12th transferred the command to the
Duke of Terceira, I proceeded on the same day to Rio
Mayor, whither upon
Leyria. On the 13th the cavalry occupied the woods,
and the infantry the mills and adjoining villages. Lieute-
nant-Colonel Vasconcellos, whom I had ordered to be re-
inforced by the Ist Regiment of Light Infantry of the
Line, marched at the same time for Cos. On the fol
lowing day he established himself at Famqurira, and 1
entered 13atalha. The heavy rain, which had fallen for
more than forty.eight hours without the least interruption,
had swollen brooks into rivers. The Lena appeared like
the Tagus. Nevertheless, such was the order of our
brave troops, that the commanders of the columns
catne to represent to me that their men begged
to be led on against Leyria, and to be allowed
to attack that city forthwith, as they were afraid the
rebels might escape us. I did not accede to their request,
because 1 bad already made a reconnoissance up to the
enemy's pickets, and was aware of the difficulties which
the ground opposed to a night march, and because I had
every reason to, believe that the enemy was then resolved
to wait fur us ib his intrenclasents. I therefore postponed
the attack until the following day. Lieutenant-Colonel
Vasconcellos was ordered to march by the highway with
the third column, fifty of the 10th cavalry, and the whole
of the artillery. The second column, commanded by
Colonel Xavier, reinforced by the Ist regiment of the
Queen's Light Infantry, 50 cavalry, and the rocket brigade,
was ordered to attack by the Batalba road. I marched
with the cavalry, commanded by Brigadier Bacon, and
the first column, commanded by Brigadier Schwalbach.
We passed the Liz by the Cavaileiro's bridge, and thence
proceeded to Vidigal, in order to get into the road which
leads from Coimbra to Leyria. The second column was
to commence its attack when the fire of the first should he
heard, and the third was to begin at the same time as the
second.

" When Colonel Xavier approached the city, the enemy
formed on the outside of the irstrenchments to wait for
him ; but two companies of the sth Cacadores, which he
ordered to advance upon the rebels, soon made them fall
back. Here a corporal of this battalion was wounded.
"No sooner was the enemy informed that we had
passed the Civalleiro's bridge, then he resolved to retreat,
thus shamefully abandoning the excellent position of the
Castel, which had been connected with the Bishop's
Palace by a prolonged parapet, on which the arti:lery
of the largest calibre were mounted and pointed at us ;
but it was now too late. From the village of Poisos we
saw his movement along the Coimbra road. Brigadier
Bacon, with two squadrons of the 10th Cavalry, com-
manded by Lieutenant-Colonel Siena() da Costa Pessoa,
and a squadron of Lancers, commanded by Captain Don
Carlos Mavarenhas, advanced upon the enemy at a trot,
and as soon as they came up with him the route was
complete; the enemy had scarcely time to fire from 30 to
40 shots, which did us little harm. Our cavalry rode on
to the distance of a league beyond the Machados, in pur-
suit of the mounted officers and the cavalry, of whom only
five or six escaped. The Quartermaster-General Bal.
thazar de Almeida Pimento!, Major Barreiros, Major
Matta, Major Luiz de Mello Breyner, Major Guillet,
Captain Jervis, and Lieutenant Don Miguel Ximenes,
had a fresh opportunity of dying their swords in rebel blood.
" Colonel Xavier and Lieut.-Colonel Vasconcellos being
informed that the city was evacuated, entered it immedi..
ately, and sent the cavalry of their columns in pursuit of
the enemy. Lieut.-Colonel Vasconcellos occupied the castel,
and detached a force on the Figueira road. Col. Xavier
with the sth battalion, and also Brigadier Schw•albach
with his column, advanced with the greatest rapidity,
evincing their ardent zeal to come to blows with the enemy,
but their efforts were abortive, for though the enemy
posted sharp-shooters on each side of the road, our brave
cavalry swept everything before them.
" Enclosed your Excellency will find a list of the names
of the officers taken, and also of those who have deserted
to us; and as soon as I receive the report of the officers
who commanded the columns, I shall transmit to you the
names of the officers who most distinguibed themselves on
this occasion. Lieutenant Don Miguel Ximenes is intrusted
with the standard taken from the rebels, which he will
ptesent to his Majesty.
.6 I pray your Excellency, &c.,
" Conde de SALDANHA.
" Head-quarters, at Leyris, Jan. 16.
" To the most illustrious and excellent Senhor

Agostinho Joie Friere."

The lists referred io in the above despatch are given
in the Ch? (mica. Among the t,risoners are the Go-
vernor of Leyria, a Lieutenant-Colonel of the Chaves
Militia, three Majors, two Captains, four Ensigns. A
separate return is made for the 4th battalion of Lisbon
Royalists, which was stationed at Leyria, and in that
list there are two Captains (one a Captain Mar), and
two Ensigns. To these are added 107 sergeants, cor-
porals, lance-corparals, and privates. The list of de-
serters from Don Miguel enumerates a Captain of Cavalry,
three Ensigns, and several privates.

SUDDEN DEATH.—On Tuesday afternoon
last, Henry Greenlees, of Rochdale, was standing smoking
his pipe, when information was brought to him that his
son was fighting. The shock bad such an effect upon
him, that he fell forwards and died in a few minutes.—
Macclesfield Courier.

THE SWAN WITH TWO NECKS.-ThiS sign
has long been an object of mystery to the curious in these
affairs; but this mystery has been explained satisfactorily
by the alteration of a single letter. The sign was origi-
nally written "The Swan with two Nicks," the meaning
of which we find to be thus fully elucidated in a commu-
nication to the Antiquarian Society by the late Sir Joseph
Banks. At a meeting of the Antiquarian Society, held in
the year 1810, Sir Joseph Banks presented a curious roll
of parchment, exhibiting the marks or nicks, made in the
beaks of swans and cygnets, in the rivers and lakes of Lin-
colnshire, accompanied with an account of the privileges
of certain persons for keeping swans in these waters, and
the duties of the King's swanherd in guarding these fowls
against depredators; also, for regulating their marks, and
for preventing any two persons from adopting the same
figures and marks on the bills of their swans. The num-
ber of marks, or nicks, contained in the parchment roll,
amounte.l to 219, every one of which was distinct, al-
though confined to the small extent of the bill of the swan.
The outline was an oblong square, circular at one end,
and contaiog dots, notches, arrows, or such like figures,
in order to constitute a difference in the marks of swans
belonging to different individuals.—Licensed Victualler's
Masuzine.