The Sun.
London, England, 1851-07-09 00:00:00

EENIN
SUN, r. >
1.`"? 5 WEDNESDAY V G

statement is to be fixed up at the door of the respective
office, and an authent ieated copy thereof sent to the
functionary, who has to transmit a general statement to
the Finance Minister."
The committee of MI ?Akan bondholders have received
a communication from :Mr. Falconnet, dated Mexico, the
4th June.
He had had an inteleriew with the President, 'on the
subject of the genuine Deferred Bonds, wrongly shut
out from the conversion of 1846, in consequence of which
Senor Pay no has been instructed to report on the mat-
ter; and after receiving his report, the Government in-
tend to provide what the case may appear to require.
Messrs. Manning and Mackintosh bad failed to give
' securities, as agreed on., for the balance due from them,
and Mr. Falconnet was about commencing legal proceed-
ings to enforce the due performance of the agreement.
The extraordinary Congress which had opened on the
lit of June was to devote its attention exclusively to the
proposals of the Government for the regulation of the
finances and public credit, the reduction of the expenses
of administration, Sze. Senor Pena y Cuevas was the
new Minister of Finance. He enjoys a high reputation
for intelligence and industry, as well as for decision of
character, and is the same who filled that office on Mr.
W. J. Robertson's first arrival in Mexico, in February,
1849. Mr. Falconnet has had an interview with him,
and reports as follows :---
"I have just returned from seeing Senor Pena y
Cuevas, and if I may judge from appearances, the inter-
view has been satisfactory. The Minister explained
that from the circumstance of his only just having
taken office, and the manner in which he has been oc-
cupied with the (hashers during the brief time
he has been in, he has not been able to make
any arrangement for forwarding funds by dispatches to
meet the July dividends, but that it is his intention
have the amount dispatched by the next steamer. In
the meanwhile he promises to discuss freely with me all
measures concerning the bondholders.
" I am happy to see from this that my strong remon-
strances have had effect, and that there is evidence on
the part of the Minister, and also of the President, of an
intention of more frank communication with me. Both
repeat their sense of the necessity of fulfilling the terms
of the decree,"

LIVERPOOL RACES.

(THIS DAY.)

BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.)

The Croxteth Stakes.

Maid of Mosham
Alonzo ... ...

Won easy.
The Bickerstaffe Stakes.

Harpsichord
Miss Whip Colt

A good race.
The Produce Stakes.

Bethgelert
Meanee colt
Happy Joe

Won by a head.

The Sefton Stakes.

The Abbess ...

Sweepstakes of 50 SOV3. each.

Clasher

LIVERPOOL CUP.
3 to 1 agst Officious
4 to 1 agst Russborough
6 to 1 agst Marquis
12 to 1 agst Windischgratz
Strongbow is friendless.

... 1

... 2

... 1

... 1

... 2

-. 3

walked over

... walked over

DEATH OF << DELTA.'

We are filled with profound regret at having to an-
nounce the sudden death of Dr. Moir, the gifted poet and
scholar, now for some years celebrated as the
" Delta" of Blackwood's Magazine. Having received
the intelligence immediately before going to
press, we have only time to state'.that the lamented de-
ceased breathed his last on Sunday, at Dumfries,
after a sudden and unexpected attack of peritonitis, his
death-bed being surrounded by his family and his old
friends, Mr. Aird and Mr. Blackwood.

I%IARYLEBONE SAV]
WELBECK-STREET.—EstabI
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF FRG
PERIODS, DURING THE LAST

On July 5,1845 ...
1846 .
9,3,
1847
„ „ 1848
„ „ 1849

/t 1850 ...
If

12 3, - 1851 ...

Open Deposit
Accounts.

£15,724
16,729
17,939
18,564
19,843
20,866
21,878
D. FINNEY, Se,

GS' BANK,

tithed July 5, 1830.
)cxEss, AT SPECISIED
SEVEN YEARS.

Sums invested with Na-
tional Debteommissioners

£356,265
346,977
31:4340
284,757
301,663
315,638
334,073
;retary and Actuary.

YIORTALITY in the METROPOLIS.
NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES REGISTERED IN
THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, JULY 5, 1551.
Epidemic, Endemic, and Contagious Diseases ...*214
Diseases of Uncertain Seat ... ... 46
Tubercular Diseases ... ... ... ... ... 202
Diseases of the Brain, Nerves, and Senses... ... 132
Diseases of the Heart and Blood-vessels ... 33
Diseases of the Lungs, and other Organs of

Respiration ... 114
Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other Organ 3

of Digestion...
Diseases of the Kidneys, &c. •• . •••
Childbirth, Diseases of the Uterus, &c. ...
Diseases of the Joints, Bones, and Muscles
Diseases of the Skin, &c. ... ••• •••
Malformations... ... ...
Premature Birth ... ... , .. ...
Atrophy ••• ..• ...
Old Age ••• ... ••• ••• •••
Sudden ... ...
...
... ••• •••
Violence, Privation, Cold, and Intemperance
Causes not specified ... ...
••• ...

... 68

... 27

... 23
... 40
... 16
60

DEATHS FROX ALL CAUSES 1,003
Population Deaths in corre- Deaths
Enumerated, spending week in the
1841. of 1850. Week.
West Districts... 301,189 136 ... 167
North Districts.. 376,568 .. 146 ... 194
Central Districts 374,199 ... 119 ... 176
East Districts ... 393,067 ... 166 ... 186
South Districts.. 503,346 ... 227 ... 280
T0ta15........ 1,948,369

... 1,003
... 534
... 469

Males

Females ...

no attention to the Noble Lord on the cross benches,
who had risen to move an amendment, had put the ques-
tion and passed the Bill.
The LORD CHANCELLOR had put the question,
and had looked round the House to sea if any Noble
Lord was about to oppose, and seeing that the Noble
Lord, who moved the Bill, nodded his head, thought that
no one was about to oppose it, and ho had passed
the Bill. But ho would take this opportunity
of requesting their Lordships to pay a little more atten-
tion when questions were pat—(Hear, hear)—because it
was impossible for him on some occasions to ascertain
amidst the buzz of conversation whether an opposition
to a Bill was intended or not.—(Hear, hear.)
Here the conversation dropped.
Lord CAMOYS presented petitions, some for and
some against the Ecclesiastical Tides Assumption Bill,
but it was impossible to hear the names of the parties
from whom those petitions came.

The Earl of HARROWBY presented a petition from
certain landowners in Lancashire against the Gunpowder
Stores (Liverpool) Exemption Repeal Bill.
Lord BROUGHAM presented a petition from the
president and other members of the Preston Association
for the Protection of Trade, praying for the extension
of the jurisdiction of the County Courts to cases of bank-
ruptcy. His Lordship also presented a petition from the
attorneys and solicitors of the county of Devon i❑ favour
of a Bill which had already passed their Lordships'
House, and which he hoped and believed would also
pass the other House of Parliament—he meant the Bill
for the amendment of the law of evidence. Ho also
presented petitions from the attorneys of WincheLter,
Stafford, and some other places, but to what effect the
petitions were we have no knowledge.
The Earl of :SHAFTESBURY presented a petition
from the inhabitants of Edinburgh, in favour of the
Lodging-houses Bill.
MODEL LODGING-HOUSES.

The Earl of SHAFTESBURY moved the second
reading of the Model Lodging-house Bill. He would
beg to detain their Lordships a short time with a few
preliminary observations, not so much for the purpose
of proving the existence of a great social :evil, for that
needed no proof, as in explanation of the means pro-
posed for its mitigation. As the Bill for the improve-
ment of common lodging-houses had recently passed, it
would not be necessary for him to detain their Lordships
with a repetition of those disgusting details which had
been elicited by the previous Bill. The population of
the country was either stationary or migratory. The
migratory were usually found in common lodging-
houses, and the stationary in private dwellings. Is was
with the view of improving more particularly the sta-
tionary population that this Bill was introduced.
Ile would trouble their Lordships with a slight view
of what the Bill was intended to remedy. From the
inspector's report made in 1842 he took the fol-
lowing description of the parish of St. George
Hanover-square. The inspector's report stated there
were 2,164 families dwelling in 1,465 houses. But
observe how they were distributed:-929 families
had only one room each, 482 families only two rooms,
94 only three rooms, 17 only four rooms, while of the
whole number only one family had seven rooms. Now,
the condition of St. George's parish might be taken as an
example of what was the best condition of parishes; and
it this were so, what must be the state of things in
Shoreslitch, Whitechapel, :St. Luke's, and other parishes
where the poorer classes predominated? But his state-
ment of St. George's parish required to be analysed.
Though 929 families were shown to have but one room,
it said nothing about the very many instances—he could
vouch for the fact from his personal experience—in
which two, three, and four families were found in the
same room. It said nothing of the condition in which
these families lived—of the absence of comfort, decency,
in short, of the absence of everything requisite for the
morals and health of the individuals. He would wil-

tingly pass over all the minute details, and simply assure
their Lordships the state of things was such that it was
necessary to apply an instant and an effective remedy.
This state of things was not confined to large towns.
If they pursued the inquiry, they would find it equally
bad in small towns and villages of the coun-
try. In fact, it would be found that the
evils were even of a worse complexion than iu large
towns. It was, however, in the power of the Legis-
lature to put a stop, to some extent, to these evils.
The application of the present Bill was to be confined to
towns having upwards of 10,000 souls; but he trusted, if
a beginning were made in this way, that their Lordships'
attention would soon be directed to other localities
which the Bill did not reach. Their Lordships would
see that the existing state of things, if permitted to con-
tinue, must in the end lead to pestilence and epidemic..
In the time of the cholera, he gathered from the in-
spector's report, that in one rural district (in Norfolk,
we understood) the number of deaths by cholera was to
the extent of one-fifth of the inhabitants. But that was
nothing compared to a small town in Norfolk (Northesk,
we understood), where, it was reported, the houses were
damp, dirty, almost roofless, end in a condition of
general discomfort and wretchedness. The report made
by the inspector of this locality to the Board of Health
was, that 52 cases of cholera hod occurred in 100 fami-
lies, that one-third of the inhabitants had been attacked
by cholera—a proportion which if applied to the metro-
polis would have numbered more than 700,000
persons. This locality bad been purified, and what
was the result after the cleaning and clearing ope-
rations had been performed?— that only four
case of cholera occurred, with a few cases of diarrhoea.
The same state of things prevailed in many of the
small towns and Tillages, and the mischief took its rise
entirely from the domiciliary conduct of the people.
There was a locality no great distance from their
Lordships' House, which he had visited, and which he
should advise their Lordships to visit, in order that they
might see and judge with their own eyes of the existence
of that state of things which he was about to bring be-
fore them. The locality was notorious; but notwith-
standing its notoriety, nothing had been done to remedy
existing evils. He referred to Church-lane, in the parish
of St. Giles (we understood). Ho would take two
houses from that spot, as exhibiting a fair specimen of
what was to be found in a district where many thousand
persons were living. The picture would present human
nature in a state of wretchedness and degradation al-
most incredible. In those houses would be found fathers,
daughters, mothers, sons, brothers—the sick and the
dying—all sleeping and herding together. This was no
exaggerated picture—he spoke from his own personal
knowledge of the fact. In a room in one of
these houses, 13 feet long, 14 feet broad, and 6 feet
high, rented at Bs. per week by the tenant, who
charged three pence per night to lodgers, there were
found 8 males above tie age of 20, 5 females above the
ago of 20, 4 males 'matr the age of 20, 5 females under
the age of 20—in all 2l persons sleeping in the same
room. He would not detain their Lordships much
longer with such details. He would just state that the
inspector, who was sent over the country by the Board
of Health to bring the :owns under the operation of the
Bill, reported that the condition of 161 villages, con-
taining 1,900,000 souls, was uniformly of the same de-
plorable character. Ile would just wish their Lordships
to consider the ultimate consequences of such a state of
things if not remedied. It was impossible to perambu-
late certain districts of the metropolis without seeing the
greatest physical degradation among the inhabitants. It
was impossible not to see that their condition induced a
tendency towards endelging in intoxicating drinks. All
who inhaled the noxious atmosphere of those districts—
who perambulated these parts only to make observations
—stated that they .entered into the feelings of the un-
happy people inhabiting these localities, and that while
perambulating those 'laces they felt the same desire to
sustain exhausted nature by intoxicating drinks, which
the inhabitants felt eery day. One fearful eonsequence
of this state of things was fever, and what was the
effect of fever?—(Hear.) It not only fell on the adult
male, depriving him of the means of earning his subsist-
ence, but such was the character of malignant fever that
it passed the very young and very old to select those in
the prime of life and vigour, and with the largest fami-
lies. These facts were established by the records of
the fever hospitals. By those records proof was af-
forded that the greatest mortality from fever was found
among the vigorous adult population. He would give a
proof of what was going on in parts of the metropolis by
referring to a district in Gray's Inn-lane, where, since
February last, 84 cases had been sent to the fever hospital.
Did their Lordships suppose that these physical
evils were productive of no consequences? They were
productive of the most pernicious consequences—nothing
in short could be more striking than their effect on
the temperance of the inhabitants. A vast proportiuu
of the prevalent drunkenness was produced by that
sanitary condition which it was the object of the
present Act to assist in removing. He was certain
if the mischief was removed they would see the
people in a very different condition. But all that could
be devised would prove useless unless this end was
steadily kept in view, that nothing whatever could com-
pensate the young of both sexes for privation of domestic
training. Without this it would be vain to look for any
moral effects from any system of education they might
introduce. Education, to be beneficial, must be based
on home training; nothing, in fact, could compensate for
that domestic training which a child received at home
under the example of its mother. What was the conse-
quence of that deprivation? He saw it daily. He was
connected with the ragged schools—institutions which
were beneficial in their effects, but less so from th© cause
he had pointed out than they otherwise would be.
Children were sent to these ragged schools; they re-
ceived instruction; but when dismissed they went
back to one of those horrible dens he had de-
scribed, to a room tenanted by two or three families,
where there was no regard to decency or comfort—
there, he maintained, those children unlearned in one
hour, by the examples which they saw about them, all
that had been communicated to them, in twelve months'
education.—(Hear, hear.) So long as this state of things
existed education would be useless and vain. They must
remove the evil before educational efforts would be of
use, and before good principles and good habits could bo
instilled into this hitherto neglected part of the popula-
tion. Ho had not a doubt that much of the pressure of
the poor-rates was caused by the state of health, intoxi-
cation, inability to obtain a livelihood, deaths by fever,
and by families sent to the workhouses to become per-
manent burdens on the country. He would give an in-
stance out of several hundreds which had been contri-
buted. In Bishopegate, in a small court, during the pre-
valence of cholera, the attention of the parish authori-
ties was called to the condition of the place. In three
days the cholera broke out in the court. Like the fever,
it seized on the strongest, and in one day several heads
of families were carried off, and their children were
obliged to be conveyed into the workhouse,
to become permanently chargeable on the rate-
payers. Now, had 101. been spent in time,
not only would this burden on the ratepayers very
probably not have occurred, but the unhappy children
would not have had to mourn the deprivation of the care
of their parents. From calculations that had been made,
ke had no doubt, if the sanitary condition of the people
was properly improved, in ten years the poor-rates would
be reduced to the extent of one-third of the present