The Sun.
London, England, 1851-12-29 00:00:00

ROYAL INSTITUTION.

On Saturday last Professor Faraday delivered the first
of a series of six lectures, in the lecture-room of the
Royal Institution, on the subject of attractive forces.
Although these lectures and the mode of dealing with
them are designedly adapted fur a juvenile auditory,
the majority of the audience on Saturday consisted of
persons who had advanced considerably beyond their
teens. The two front seats opposite the lecturer were
reserved for juveniles, and were completely filled. Indeed
the entire theatre was crowded, and if the learned pro-
fessor's modesty permitted it, he might have derived a
very forcible illustration of attractive power from the
numbers who came to listen to his interesting lecture on
this occasion. After a few remarks on the active and
inquisitive mind of youth, the learned professor said that
ho would become on the present occasion " once more a
boy," and would bring under their notice instances with
which they were all well acquainted, but which in their
remote application were full of interest and wonder. Ho
then proceeded to explain and illustrate the nature of
attraction and of specific gravity. He showed how the
earth was a great centre of attraction; that its attraction
was equally great for all bodies, whatever their weight;
that the atmosphere alone was the cause why a piece of
paper did not fall to the ground equally soon with a
penny; that this atmosphere was itself subject to the
same law of attraction as all other bodies, nay, that but
for thil same law of attraction this earth itself would tall
'away from its centre of attraction, the sun, and roll into
cold regions ef space, where ncit her heat, nor light, nor life
could exist. Tr e lecturer in this way led his youthfNl
hearers by gradual and easy steps from examples of at-
tractive force i❑ its most obvious forms to others which
illustrated the motions of the most distant bodies, and
showed how the same law which made a weight fall to the
earth kept, when combined with a given circulating mo-
tiou, the earth, sun, and planets in their respective orbits.
The easy familiar style of Professar Faraday on this
occasion, and the simplicity of his illustrations, evidently
placed his young auditors on a level with his theme,
for they gave to his "Philosophy in sport made science
in earnest" a devoted attention which scarcely any other
Christmas attraction in the metropolis could have ob-
tained.

RACING FIXTURES FOR 1852.

FEBRUARY.

Lincoln ... 5 I Carmarthenshire Hunt 9

MARCH.
Liverpool Spring ...... 3 Catterick Bridge 22
Coventry... 9 Northampton 24
Doncaster Spring
W arwick Spring

APRIL.
Epsom Spring
Newmarket Craven 12 Malton .22
Abergavenny .......... 15 Newmarket F S 26

MAY.
Chester Spring
Newmarket S. S.
Shrewsbury l2 Epsom
JUNE.
Manchester ...
23

Ascot . . 8

Stockbridge

Beverley
Hampton l6 Carlisle
Newcastle ...... .......... 22 Ludlow
JULY.

Newmarket 6 I Stamford 2O
Worcester
Lancaster
I
Liverpool

AUGUST.

North Staffordshire 3
Brighton
Reading

York
Egham

SEPT:

Warwick 7
Doncaster
Eglinton Club 2l
Bedford

Chester
Yorkshire Union Hunt 6
Wrexham

:MBEIL

HOVE
Worcester Autt

Leicester 22
Manchester Autumn
Newmarket I'. 0.

)BER•
Newmarket S. 0.
Holy well Hunt
Newmarket Houghton 25
KBE&
man 2

A COMPANY TO DO THE WORK OF THE
SEWERS COMMISSION.
Founded on the pressing want, a company to drain
London has been set on foot, and the necessary steps
have been taken preparatory to applying to Parliament
for the purpose of securing an Act of Incorporation
during the forthcoming session. The Bill, it appears,
has been submitted to the Government, with the view
to obtain their sanction to the introduction of a clause
which will, in consideration of the public benefits to be
attained, guarantee a minimum rate of 3 per cent.
interest to the shareholders in the enterprise. The
estimates, however, give assurance, it is said, that the
works may be constructed without subjecting the rate-
paydrs to any charge whatever. The plan (not a new
one) of this company is described as consisting of—" A
tunnel-sewer on each side of the Thames, crossing
under the present sewers without disturbing them, aad
receiving the contents of each through a shaft. These
two tunnel-sewers will be constructed by tunnelling or
boring, and will be laid with such an additional fall, or
inclination, as will secure a rapid subterranean current
towards the marshes east of the metropolis, where the
refuse-matter will be raised by niechameal means, for
agricultural purposes. The company's works will afford
means for effectually draining the lowest parts of the
metropolis: an important sanitary improvement will be
conferred, by the proposed removal of the refuse which
now vitiates the atmosphere: the Thames water, which
is used by a million of the inhabitants, will be preserved
from pollution; and a guano field, of vast extent, will be
collected for the use of our agriculturists." They
naturally quote the declaration of a Select Committee
of the House of Commons, on July 13, 1546 :—" That
it is only through the agency of a company," that he
various plans proposed to them " may be all combined
and applied to the important purposes of cleansing our
towns, purifying our rivers, and enriching our
Builder.

aantur (I Ili
AB ILLICIT STILL DISCOVERED BY A FIRE.—On
a fir broke out at No. 6, Duke-street, Rosemary-
room :i.ittethpreem_rioses were let out in tenements, and the back
ncot
ennsti
sd.e
parties were
floor was used as an illicit distillery.
overwere engaged in their clandestine business
with a sheet of fir;,. al?l,lhtehc; floor of the room was covered
culty in saving their live& lodger stairs had great diffi-
'ralci:rinagrethteconfiision which
The bcligade engine from Well-
close-square promptly.attended
t\hVohisltsitllthbeoined
the flames were at length
damage was done to the
Prevailed at the cocuraencemengot the _ parties who had
thus been defrauding the revenue naulag
spurbemduiseeds,
abnudt ntohteiurntciol
w. 4 W get clear off,

LAW INTELLIGENCE.
COURT OF BANKRUPTCY, Dec. 27.
(Before Mr. Commissioner GouLnunN.)
IN RE WILLIAMS AND MARCHANT.

The bankrupts in this case were railway contrac-
tors, and the messenger of the court had been intrusted
with a warrant to seize certain property upon the Ox-
ford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton line. Having
obtained possession, he was, however, subsequently
ejected by Mr. C. Blatchley, the engineer, and a body
of workmen in the employment of the company.
Under such circumstances Mr. Terrall obtained a
rule calling upon Mr. Blatchley to show cause why
he should not be committed for a contumacious dis-
obedience of the authority of the Court.
_ _

Mr. Bramwell and Mr. Quain now appeared for
Mr. Blatchley, and Mr.Terrall represented the assig-
nees of the bankrupts.
On behalf of Mr. Blatchley it was contended that
the original seizure was not valid. The warrant of
the Court authorized the messenger to make a seizure
of all property belonging to or on premises in the pos-
session of the bankrupts. In this instance the pro-
perty was neither the property of the bankrupts, nor
were the premises on which it was seized in their
possession. _

For the assignees it was submitted that the pre-
mises on which the seizure was made might legally
he said to have been in possession of the bankrupts.
They bad contracted to perform certain works, and
possession of the premises referred to had been given
in order that their contract might be performed.
They were as much in possession of the premises
as a tenant could be said to be in possession of a house.
Mr. Commissioner GouLnuast said it was of great
importance that the officers of this court should re-
ceive due protection in the discharge of their duties;
at the same time, it was but right that the Court
should carefully guard itself against unduly interfer-
ing with the rights of other persons. The messenger
of the Court, it appeared, had obtained the possession
of the property by a seizure at the hour of one of the
clock in the morning. There were peculiar reasons
for this step, and he did not feel that he could blame
the messenger for his conduct. By his warrant the
messenger was authorised to seize the whole of the
property in the bankrupts' house, or in any other
place in their possession. He did not think the
bankrupts could be said to have been in this posses-
sion. The bankrupt Williams was performing a
contract, but it was upon the company a premises,
and he could not agree with the argument that pos-
session of these premises was in the hands of the
bankrupts. The agent of the company resided there-
upon, and Mr. Blatchley had said to the messenger
that the works could not be stopped, and that there
would be danger even to life by such a stoppage. He
did not think that Mr. Brunel, the responsible party
in the matter, had taken the best course that could
have been adopted in directing Mr. Blatchley and
others to eject the messenger by force. It might have
been better if he had been content to abide by a de-
cision of this Court on the legality of the seizure. He
could not, however, hold that Mr. Blatchley had been
guilty of a contumacy towards the Court that would
warrant him in committing him to prison. The rule
would therefore be discharged.
Mr. BRAMWELL applied for the costs attendant upon
resisting the rule to show cause. _ _

Mr. Commissioner Gousuinv declined to make any
order on the subject, considering that the messenger
had not acted with any impropriety that would render
it necessary to saddle him with costs.
The rule was therefore discharged, but without costs,

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.
GUILDHALL.

Mrs .:Dawson, alias Phebe Blakeney, was brought
up before Sir P. Laurie for further examination.
Miss Georgina Elam; was now cross-examined—
She said she lived at 3, Torrington-street, Torring-
ton-square, in the house of a Mr. Pelligrine, a solici-
tor. She meant by living there that she had her let-
ters addressed and passed the daytime there, but
slept at 40, Keppel-street, kept by a Miss Barrow.
A Monsieur Tutrice lodged in the same house, and
was a friend of hers, and was the same person she,had
before spoken of as the gentleman she was engaged to
be married to. She had known him about a year and
a half, and left Mrs. Dawson's house in his com-
pany when she went to France, but left him in
London when she started for Boulogne. She slept
at an hotel near London-bridge for one night, because
the train did not start at the time she expected. On
the day she left Mrs. Dawson the latter said she
could do as she liked, as she was of age, and
advised her to " wake her bed as she in-
tended to lie in it." Mrs. Dawson afterwards
wrote to her telling her she did not approve of her
leaving. She left London alone, and did net see M.
Tutrice for nearly four months after. She never
lodged with him in France, and saw him very seldom
there. She did not give her address in Keppel-street,
in the information, because young ladies like to keep
such things to themselves, and she thought it was not
necessary, and would not have given it at all if the
question had not been asked. M. Tutrice was not
supplyirg her with furds to carry on these proceed-
ings. Mr. Pelligrine prepared the instructions, and
she employed him becswe it was he who first drew
her attention to the advertisement in the Times in-
quiringfor "Georgina Elam, who would hear of some-
thingsc e .11
ShetTo Tutrice,
hertwr a:adat vat aynni
ntoegugee‘nv
tbyNih,
of the brotherof
property, and immediately came to Boulogne (for the
purpose of proceeding to England to be married to M.
htehne familylie applying
first
to Mr. Lane,"
rs t heard of this
Tutrice), where she saw Mr. Pelligrine. She stayed
at Boulogne several days. Mr. Pelligrine took the lodg-
ings in Keppelatreet for her because he had not
room in his own house, with his family. She went
to school in France in 1839, and remained till 1844.
She knew a Mrs. Caldwell, and suspected she was
the person who inserted the advertisement, but that
lady denied it. She did not know anything of the
advertisement until nearly a year after its appear-
ance. Mrs. Dawson knew where she was residing
while in France. The night before she went to
France she slept in the hotel alone, and M. Tutrice
had his hotel separate-from hers. M. Tutrice lived
in Boulogne, and she went direct from London to
Rouen, where his brother, a family resided. She had
received about 201. from Mrs. Dawson while in
France, which came through her solicitor, as Mrs.
DawsonDawso h
Dawson carefullyad promised
to allow her 201. per year until
eeoided writing any letters. Mrs.
she got into business. Mrs. Caldwell had nothing to do
tell with her plyUaldwell was or was not also a
her
whether Arian.gPelligrine, and she could not
mistress of the late Lord Portarlington. She had
never heard so frora Mrs. Dawson.
Mrs. Mary Anne Robinson was then called, and
said she was at present residing with Dr. Nicholas,
her son in-law. In 1833 she kept a young ladies'
school at Ealing, and in the February of that year
Mrs. Dawson placed her three eldest daughters with
and the
thethe eldest of whom was seventeen years of age,
youngest
fourteen. Mrs. Dawson subse-
quently introduced a Mrs. Elam, who brought Miss
Elam, then a child five years old. Mrs. Dawson said
Mrs. Elam was het (Mrs. Dawson's) mother, but she
(witness) very much doubted it. She thought Mrs.
Elam did not look like the mother of a woman of Mrs.
Dawson's age. Miss Elam stayed at the school until
Midsummer, and then Mrs. Elam took her away and
t. Miss Elam did not return at
paid the bill. Mts. Elam said she was going to take
her child to Brigbon
the end of the holidays, but Mrs. Elam and Mrs.
Dawson called before they went on a journey they
intended making, and the former was very particular
in recommending Miss Elam to her care, and ob-
served that "it was her darling child, ber own
dear child." About a month after that the Earl of
Portarlington called, in company with Colonel
Darner and Mrs. Dawson, and informed her (wit-
ness) of Mrs. Elam's death. She knew Lord Port-
arlington, as he had since called to arrange about
his daughter Phosbe's marriage. Phoebe Dawson was
Mrs. Dawson's youngest daughter. Miss Elam shortly
after came back for a few weeks, and Mrs. Dawson
directed that the child should be called Georgina
Dawson, and Miss Elam had ever since called Mrs.
Dawson " Mamma." Mrs. Dawson was equally par-
ticular with that child as her own. At Christmas

the children were all taken home for the holidays,
but were brought back on the same evening by Lord
Portarlington, as Mrs. Dawson was then in her con-
finement with her youngest daughter Eleanor. This
was in 1835. Mrs. Dawson had told her that she
was within a year or two of witness's age, which was
not 65. She never heard Mrs. Elam's age, but
thought she might be a year or two older.
Mrs. Dawson, who really looked about ten years
younger than Mrs. Robinson, was then put by her side
for the purpose of contrasting their ages by their ap-
pearance, but Sir Peter declined to admit such evi-
dence or to give an opinion at this stage of the case.
Mr. Huddlestone said he was about to apply for a
subpsena to obtain the attendance of Colonel Close,
who was a witness to the marriage of Mrs. Elam with
Lieutenant Elam, and who positively refused to ap-
pear in the matter at all unless compelled. The name
of Colonel Close, appeared on the affidavits of their
marriage sent into the War-office by Mrs. Elam, at
her husband's death, to claim her pension.
Mrs. Elias Simpson was then examined for the
defendant, and said she was the wife of John Simpson,
a master saddler in the Carbineers, at present sta-
tioned in the county of Cork. Her former husband's
name was John William Hammond, and he was the
nephew of 'Mrs. Elam. She was first acquainted
with him in 1827. At that time Mrs. Elatnwas

living in Park- street, Grosvenor-square, with Mrs.
Dawson. Mrs. Dawson was apparently the mistress
of the house. Witness remained on a visit about a
fortnight with them, and at the first introduction to
them after her marriage with her husband they
passed as mother and daughter. They were, in
fact, introduced to her as such, and she heard Mrs.
Elam call Mrs. Dawson " her beautiful, her darling
child." She thought Mrs. Elam was 56 years of age

MONDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 29, 1851.

about that time, and Mrs. Dawson not more than 25.
There was no indication in Mrs. Elam's appearance at
any time of her being in the family-way. Witness
had seen her several times undressed, and could swear
she was not in that peculiar state at the time the child
was alleged to have been born. From Mrs. Elam's
age, she believed such a thing impossible. Mrs. Daw-
son was a most beautiful woman, and lived with Lord
Portarlington. She first saw Georgina Elam in
1832, in Curzon-street, Mayfair. She believed it
was in Halfmoon-street she first saw the child, and
not in Curzon-street. Had never heard of Miss Elam
before. Lieutenant Elam died in 1829, and Mrs.
Elam told her (witness) that she had purchased the
child to impose on a' nobleman as his child. Mrs.
Elam then told her it was the Earl of Portarlington.
Whenever Mrs. Dawson called the child was sent
out of the way, and locked into a bedroom till
Mrs. Dawson left. She had taken the child away
herself on such occasions, and knew that Mrs.
Dawson was never allowed to see it. Mrs. Elam
never lived with Lord Portarlington, but intrigued
with him while he was living with Mrs Dawson.
This intrigue was carried on both in England and
Ireland, and under the same roof with Mrs. Dawson,
who was entirely ignorant of it. Mrs. Elam was a
very beautiful woman, and looked much younger
than she really was, and endeavoured to make
herself look still younger. In January last a Mrs.
Caldwell called at Mrs. Dawson's while witness was
there, and alluded to these proceedings as about to be
taken. Mrs. Caldwell was her (witness's) husband's
half-sister, and was the daughter of Mrs. M'Carthy,
Mrs. Elam's sister. Could not say that Mrs. Cald-
well was a mistress of Lord Portarlington. Her
husband was brought up with Mrs. Dawson by Mrs.
Elam. She did not know exactly that Mrs. Elm in-
trigued with Lord Portarlington, but she suspected it.
She had frequently spoken of the purchase of the child
to her husband's other half-sister, Eliza Pine.
She accounted for the difference in the
names of her husband and his half-sisters by
the fact that his mother bad had three hus-
bands. She never told Lord Portarlington or Mrs.
Dawson, but allowed the imposition to go on, al-
though the latter was her most particular friend. When
Mrs. Elam died witness advised Mrs. Dawson to ad
vertise, offering a large sum of money for the parents
of the child, but Mrs. Dawson refused, as the child
would probably be deprived of many comforts she
then enjoyed.
Mrs. Robinson here stated that since the last exa-
mination a woman, refusing her name and address,
called upon her and said she had seen her (Mrs
Robinson's) name in the papers as being about to
appear against Mrs. Dawson, and intimated that if
she did appear it would he very much against her
interest, which would be greatly injured by so doing,
and further added, that Mrs. Dawson never knew of
the child until Mrs. Elam's death. Mrs. Robinson
told her it was a falsehood, as she had seen Mrs.
Dawson with Mrs. Elam and the child, and then re-
quested her to leave the house.
Mr. Robert Samuel Palmer' of the firm of Palmer
and Nettleship, solicitors, of Trafalgar-square, said
he first became acquainted with Lord Portarlington
in 1830, and acted as his Lordship's solicitor for 12
or 13 years. He first saw Mrs. Dawson in 1830, and
Mrs. Elam in 1831. He had frequently occasion to
see Lord Portarlington's younger brother, the Hon.
Lionel Dawson, who, in consequence of a remark
made by him (Mr. Palmer) about the connexion be-
tween Lord Portarlington and Mrs. Dawson, express-
ing his astonishment at his Lordship's cohabiting
with Mrs. Elam, said, " Yes, my brother is fool
enough to believe he has had a child, and he says he
has had the clearest proofs of it." Witness observed
that Mrs. Elam was long past the usual time of child-
bearing, in which Mr. Lionel Dawson fully con-
curred. A Mr. Francis Harvey, whose name ap-
peared in the administration bond, was very intimate
with Mrs. Elam, and repeatedly told witness that the
child had been palmed off as his Lordship's. He
never had any conversation with Mrs. Dawson upon
the subject of this child until after Mrs. Elam's death.
Mrs. Elam died at Manchester, while on a tour with
Lord Portarlington and Mrs. Dawson. By his
Lordship's directions Mrs. Elam's remains were
brought to town and interred in Kensal-green. His
Lordship directed the burial, and the statement of her
age being only forty-eight was some whim for which
Mr. Palmer was unable to account. At her death
Lord Portarlington requested him to act for Mrs.
Dawson in taking out letters of administration to
Mrs. Elam's property. Lord Portarlington acknow-
ledged to witness that he had had intercourse with
Mrs. Elatn as well as Mrs. Dawson. Independent
of what Lord Portarlington had stated, Mr. Palmer
required Mrs. Dawson to give him some corrobora-
tive testimony that she was the daughter of Mrs.
Elam, and she accordingly brought forward Mr.
Francis Harvey, who had known her from a child,
and became co•surety with Mr. Palmer for the full
amount of 5,000/. administered to.

Sir P. LAURIE said the case had taken a very dif-
ferent turn to what he had expected, but he would
adjourn it to allow Mr. Iluddlestone an opportunity
to complete the case for the prosecution.
Mrs. Dawson was then remanded, and immediately
liberated, on Mr. Palmer pledging himself that she
should be forthcoming at till next hearing of the case.

WRECK OF TUE TYENDENAGA.
A few days ago we briefly reported the loss of the
lyendenaga, Mr. Lewis E. Rudolf commander, while
on a voyage from Quebec to London. We have since
received the details, from which it will be seen that
the wreck, which was of the most appalling character,
took place on the Caribou island, near Point de Mont,
and ended in the lose of 17 of her unfortunate crew
The ill-fated ship left Quebec about the 12th ult., but
in consequence of tome misunderstanding with the
crew she was detained until the 17th., when other
hands
.being procured, she set sail with a light favour-
able wind from the westward, which continued with
her down the St. Lawrence to the Gulf. On the
evening of the 21st Point de Mont was observed
bearing N.N.E. ten miles distant, and in the morning
Cape Chat was sighted, distance ten miles S.S.E.
The wind then sprang up, and gradually increased,
and on the evening of the 22d it blew a violent gale.
The sea was running very high, and to add to the
difficulties of the crew, the weather was exceedingly
cold, with R heavy fall of snow. Several poor fel-
lows were sent aloft to furl the foretopsail, but the
gale having increased to a perfect storm, and the fall
of snow, hail, and sleet becoming thicker, they, after
two hours' struggling, were compelled to abandon
the task. The fury of the gale and sea then threw
the ship on her broadside, and the waves making a
clean sweep over her, the crew suffered severely from
the intensity of the cold. As the night advanced
their sufferings became more severe. The storm in-
creased in violence, and for several hours the ship
lay on her broadside, with the sea breaking
over her. About two o'clock in the morning an at-
tempt was made to wear her. In doing so, however,
the rudder was rendered unmanageable, and ere the
injury could be made good a heavy sea struck the
vessel and hurled her on her beam-ends. An order
was then given to cut away the topmasts, but the tools
had been washed overboard. The master and five of
his men who had sought refuge in the main rigging
were carried away by a sea which dashed over the
vessel. The master was thrown on the lee side of the
poop, and succeeded in regaining, the mizen-rigging,
but nothing was afterwards seen of the five men, who
unhappily perished. By this period the ship had
struck heavily. Several of the crew secured them-
selves to the fore and main rigging, and others lashed
themselves to the mizenmast. Some ten minutes or
so after she had struck the mainmast
was
carried
away close to the deck, forcing with it in its fall
the mizentoprnast, foretopmast, and jibboom, when
all the unhappy creatures who had secured themselves
on those spars wore thrown overboard, and as quickly
perished. No attempt could be 9iade to preserve
them. Daylight disclosed the position of the wreck.
The decks had been completely swept, bulwarks,
stanchions, spars, bolts, &c., being all gone. The
master, near whom a poor creature had perished
in the rigging in the course of the night,
could not see any of the crew, but the
sea somewhat moderating, he contrived to get to
the poop, when he observed a man lashed, to the
mizenmast, and the two mates near him. They then
secured themselves on the lee side of the mizenmast,
and at low water they got to the topgallant forecastle,
and discovered there sheltered two men and a boy.
There they remained for two or three hours, and at
the flow of the tide the sea again began to beat
over the wreck. They then removed themselves
to a more safe position outside the rail, when
the ship began to break up. Her bottom was
knocked out and larboard side carried away, with
portion of the poop, &c. Some of her cargo was also
being washed up. The preservation of the remainder
of the crew, who were clinging to the wreck, then be-
came somewhat doubtful. At length some of the
natives (Indians) of the island, who had apparently
observed the poor creatures, made two large fires on
the coast and gave other signals for them to leave.
They accordingly determined upon making a desperate
effort to reach the shore, and although much exhausted,
they jumped into the sea and struggled as well as
possible towards the beach. The surf carried them
inwards, and the Inclines being prepared to meet
them, they were all dragged ashore. As it was,
however, one of the men and a boy nearly perished
from the exhaustion, and but for the aid of the natives
they would have been lost. The survivors were then
treated in the most friendly manner on the island,
the natives furnishing them with dry clothes, hot
tea, and such refreshments as they had. On
the following day it was learned that the
bodies of twelve of the unfortunate creatures who had
perished had been washed ashore some three or four
miles from the place of the wreck. The master
with the remainder of the crew, and a party of In-
diana proceeded to the spot, and digging a large
grave, the bodies were duly interred. Nothing, how-
ever, was soon of the other five. The natives de- ,

scribed the gale to have been one of the most severe
that had been experienced there for some time. The LivTEHapEooL,CDE°c.U2I47.—TARs Y E
is car.
at
itobkie.
sea, it seems, was so high as to break over the tower season of the year, the bu.incss passieg in ruDB,,,,ith
of the lighthouse at Cape de Mont. The survivors street during the past week has been only moderato,
yptian beso
were taken off the island by a schooner which hap- firm prices for both wheat and flour.
pened to touch at the place of wreck, and were
made in the quotations of any article of the rd
conveyed by her to Quebec. The Tyendenaga wax
a new vessel. The following are the names of those were 6i per qr, bigher, and this was theEonly-aa.leteartatiitiost:
Tuesday's market.
who perished :—John Smith, George Percy, Joseph s. d s. d
Nicholson, Thomas Templeton, John M'Neilly,
Richard Wilmot, William Glenville, John Smith,
William Paterson, Edward Bailey (coloured), Robert
Robertson, Robert Thackard, Tnomas Luckham,
James Beals, seamen ; Frederick Pahl, carpenter ;
James Sweeton (coloured), cook ; and Robert Flaw,
steward. Survivors :—Lewis E. Rudolf, master ;
Lewis Hodge, chief mate ; Robert Heron, second
mate; John Vaughan, John Gray, James rawford,
seamen ; and Charles Williams, boy.

HER MAJESTY'S sail, CALLIOPE.

PRESERVATION FROM LIGHTNING.
The Admiralty is in possession of dispatches from
her Majesty's ship Calliope, at Sydney, up to the
21st of July last. The ship; on her passage from
Hobart Town, was assailed on the evening of the 161 h,
at six P.M. 1:37 a most fearful stroke of lightning,
1at.:29 S , long. 152 E It had blown strong in heavy
squalls from west all the day; but, towards evening,
moderated with heavy black clouds and vivid light-
ning in the S.W. Captain Sir Everard Home, who
commands the ship, states in his letter that, being
below, he was suddenly startled by what appeared to
him a mass of fire in the fore part of the cabin, and
an explosion as loud as if the nearest gun to the cabin-
door had been fired. The whole was instantaneous.
The electric discharge had struck the mainmast, and
passed by the conductors through both sides of the
ship. It does not appear that any lightning touched
the fore or mizenmasts,so completely bad the fluid been
conducted into the water that although the captain
went immediatelylinto the midshipmen's birth, through
which one of the side branches of the conductor
passed, yet not the least evidence of what had taken
place was apparent, except that a portion of the copper
outside the ship covering the boithead by which the
electric fluid was conducted, and in which the branch
of the conductor passing throtit.h the berth termi-
nated, was found raised off the side. The copper
spindle at the truck was slightly fu-ed ; and such
was the terrible force of the lightning, that the con-
ducting plates bore here and there strong marks of
violence, the plates being in several places forced up-
wards from the groove in which they were confined,
and the tumblers on the caps thrown back wards. In
the midst of all this the mast and ship with all on
board remained uninjured. A strong smell of fire in
the air was perceptible upon the quarter-deck, under
the hood spread to keep off the rain.
The following extract from a letter written by the
chaplain of the Calliope on board the ship, three days
after this occurrence, cannot be read by any one con-
nected with maritime affairs without interest. The
letter is dated—

" Calliope, at Sea, about 50 miles from Sydney,
July 19, 1851.
. .

" Whilst sitting in the gun-room we were startled
by a blaze of light and then a most terrific explosion,
as loud as the report of a 64-pounder. We had been
struck by lightning; fortunately, the mainmast
conductor had received the shock, and the electric
fluid passed clean through the ship. Had we not
had the conductor the Calliope must have been
shattered into a thousand pieces; even after the ex-
plosion our fears did not subside, as there was a strong
smell of burning sulphur all around. The pumps
were rigged, and a strict search made, but the con-
ductor had done its work effectually, and here we are
once more safe, and thankful for our escape • not one
of our crew ever experienced so fearful a crash."

Wheat, per 701 b :
English, white ~ 5 10 to 6 3
Do. red .. 5 4 5 8
Irish, best red .. 4 8 5 4
Do, loxer quality 4 9 5 2
Manx, red and wh. 5 0 5 6
Dantsic, high mixed 6 6 7 0
Do., mixed .. 5 6 7 0
Rostock, &e.. 5 6 6 2
Hamburgh and
Lower Baltic .. 5 0— 5 4
American&
_S-white 5 9 6 3
Canadian, /red 5 3 5 8
Antwerp & Louvain 5 6 5 8
French, red.. .. 5 7 5 9
Hungarian and

P. d. 9. cl•
Do• Meal, perl96lb lb 0 to 16
0
Barley, English, pr
imperial quarter 29 0 30 0
Irish, S cotch, and
Manx,per 601 .3 8 310
Foreign, grin -- 3
7
•
Rye, par 601 b 36-- 3
ding
Beans, English, pr
imperial quartr 32
Irish and Scotch,
per 4801 b • • .. 27
Dutch • • .. 30
Egyptian .. 26
Peas, English, per
imperial quartr 36
Foreign • • 33
Oats, per 451 b :
1 English, Scotch, 10 9
and Welsh, old 2 -- °
Irish, In- r c.st
mealins .. 2 6 3 6
Do., feeding •. 2 4
3 3
2
Do., foreign . 0
4 6
Oatmeal, English, 96 0
& Sc,otch,pr24olb 9 0--
--
I Irish, new ••.• 22 2! 0"
0
90
Do., pinhead 24

0 - 34 U

0 0
- 3
0-32 0
6 .-- 26

0 ••••• " °
0 -- 35 °

Marlaropoli .. 5 0— 5 2
Odessa, Polish ..4 9 5 01
_ Do., common .. 4 6 4 91
EgYPdan •• .. 4LO 4 8
Flour, English &
Irish, per 28011 30 0— 31 01
Do., extra fine 32 0 34 0
United States, per
CI
ne4dnsiaoadlnbi an,
corn,. e per..
barrel ..
312
000
600
TT_
:2
0, 22
006
.1,0 yretk
MANCHESTER, DEC. 27.—The trade during ,"- od
has undergone no material change,
bakers generally continuing to refs am from Pe0b8611.,,,A
whilst holders have evinced no particular anxiety OP A
Coastwise ttaeto
fsales, and prices cannot be called lower.
from Ireland the arrivals at Liverpool and Beec°lll
neliea
only to a moderate amount; but from abroad the sj.,itcd
of wheat and flour are large, with, however, Tel `"will
likewise
of other prod uon. The above rens arks
oke
the dealers to
apply to our market this morning. Wed that
no alteration in our quotations. but it may be note
Mani-
onthe whole there is a feeling of greater firth
feated by sellers. 147-- te „d clsf•
NOTTINGHAM, DEC. 27.—At Newark, on eg
tbe
there was but a moderate attendance of farmers, I'
and •
samples of wheat offered were rather numeroo, it lets
clearance was not effected without some dilfictlltY
In other
rates. Barley ruled pretty much as last week. —435 l
grain there was no variation. Wheat, e f 1004
red 35s to 38s; barle, malting 25s to 295; loir„r TM
203 to 235; oats 16s to 275; beans 26s to 0." ...b
markets at Worksop, Mansfield. Retford, Gaineborold:
Loughborough, and Milton, were also rattier 190grong
white 41540 .
no material variations on previous quotations eecurwl se
at any of those places. At Derby yesterday tbereiv et
la slender attendance. Wheat was in se3A °lithe
ate rat s. Barley of good quality was firm, :Od but
turn dearer. No alteration in other graiDl - red
little changing hands. Wheat,
3. 3s to 38s per 36 stone; barley, for malting 24/ two;
imperial measure; for grinding 23s to 255 per 30
boo,
oats, old 22s to 26s per 24 stone; new 189 to 915.' 000 r
2 old 36s to 39s per 38 stone; ditto, new 30s to 305;vera
78 to 30s; superfine 30s to 31s per 20 gone.
and
the
was a small attendance at our market to-daly dobeef
white 405 10 440:286
growers generally refusing to sell except eatall! berlef'
but little business was done in either wh e': 4. 10
Both articles, however, were saleable at full price
s•
• and beans no alteration. og The PI
GLASGOW CATTLE MARKET, DEC. ----, , 9,l—*
hers at our market to-day were—oxen,
..933; ii°;:;rbrore'
Owing to the large proportion of good cattle te.oo al
ingiast sales were very brisk, and prices much the "42s to
week. Top prices best ox betf 465, current of
435, inferior 34. to 40s; all sold. As tbe nti.isbepe 08
sheep was small, sales were more easily effected% 3
muttonD sid, current sd, inferior 30. to 41d; all B°4o
ALICEITII, Dac 25 The relative weight Pr "roe 1°
of the three prices .of ;Teat were 18st 81b, /69t (34,1b' opt glb,!
61b. Oats, 12st 121 b, 12st Olb, and 9 t 111 b. 186 t 4'
15st 101 b, and 14st 51b. Peas' and 'beans,
Ind last Olbs. 100°7;
Qrs. Current. €1 _ 4
Best.
330 Wheat
- Z 2 0 0 £1 16 6 '"0 13 ,4,
1679 Oats
721 Barley
38 Peas and Beans 116 0 110 O,
18st 01b,
Average of wit! t, , ... 351 ItrE• t 161 31;
ABIRDEIN, DEC. 26.—Graain.....011ts 169 7,, -IP r busb„,,,'"'
401bs per bushel; foreign oats, 00s Od— to 17$ Od, 41fil.Pieed to "4"„ A
barley,s 21s Od to 22s Od, 521bs per bushel; be sr, •'2tkiro 14.7
ed, 21bs per bushel;__ wheat 00s to 425; oatmetro, litioar.--134141
per boll ; flour, 29s to 30s Od per sack. „.„..• ditto,
40d6dto. 6d per lb ; mutton, ditto,
_4(l to Du; veal. NW tw't
pork, per stone, 3s Od to 356 d ; lamb, Per 1, '...r Pee;
p!r. stone, 0.1 Od to 3s 6d;
to
4i to• ,
6d , rabbits, each, Od to Od;P°tahter°7ll4Cll7delist'et3o6;
to Os Od ; grouse, per brace, Os to Os ; butter,, os Oil ;"A
eggs, per doz, laid to Is 2d ; cheese, per cyst, „gd. due;
per pair, 2s 6d to 3s Od; chickens, ditto, is 6d te z° ler ."' et
2t 09• Clatdo 2s 6d ; ducklings, ditto, 2s to 2s 6d; turkeys.% te!,
to 8d; p4eibr
loaf,cwt cOuoshto,
cure),
; geese, ditto, 7s to 8e ; butter for exPertlif..ndsisso!.7
Od to Os Od; Os Os
3s 6d to 4a 3d;
ship
poei
per small,bate], of 204 lbsrBd to od;
porksfisdo7:;creegdgist: wholesale
at' loekoorPeiViolltitorlierli
Meal—Oatmeal, Is 4d pork
is sd; barley dtt',..mesit,ileji
to Is 3d; flour, Is 7d to is firl;
peasemeal, 1s 7d to Is 8d • aids, Od to 6d; u"'" ed. -
flour, ls 4d to Is sd. barley, per lb, lid top ,

As usual in all cases in which large quantities of
electricity are in operation by explosion through the
air, the mass of the atmosphere in contact with the
surface of the earth and sea was effected electrically,
so that, independently of the electrical discharge, se-
veral luminous phenomena presented themselves. It
is not uncommon in thunder-storms on shore to see
the whole pavement of a street luminous. In the
case of the Scylla, saved by the same means from
lightning, in 1843, in the West Indies, electrical
sparks were observed on various parts of the deck. In
this case of the Calliope many of the seamen for-
ward thought they saw lightning pass out over the
chain. cable. The peculiar smell attendant on violent
electrical discharges, usually causing an alarm of fire,
bears ample testimony to the force of the shock to
which the Calliope was exposed.
On a review of these phenomena, we cannot but be
struck with the complete security afforded by the new
lightning-conductors with which, in common with
every ship in the navy, the Calliope is fitted, and
which we owe to the unwearied labours of Sir
Snow Harris, whose several works on this
branch of science are well known to the public.
It is difficult to estimate at the real value these con-
ductors to the navy and the country, practically con-
sidered. We recollect, in 1828, during the wars
between the several South American states, two of
our fleet sent on that station for the protection of our
trade, being completely disabled by lightning—the
Thetis frigate and the Heron corvette. Both lost
their foremasts, and remained long under re-fit, so
that convoya could not be afforded. The Thetis,
being a large frigate, could not obtain a foremast for
some time, and then only at a great cost. To recur
in detail to the loss to the country, in past times, in
men, money, and ships, would be to write a volume
of most afflicting narrative. In the ca.e of the Sultan,
74, struck by lightning in 1808, seven were struck
dead on the spars whilst furling a sail; another 74,
the Repulse, whilst in pursuit of the French squa-
dron under Gantheaurne, in 1810, had eight men
killed outright and ten more so dangerously hurt that
several of them died soon after ; the ship, therefore,
lost the services of no less than 18 of her crew, and
was besides so crippled in her spars that no sail could
be carried on her mainmast. The ship suffered more,
as appears by her log, than if she had been in a ge-
neral action. The British squadron in this case lost
the service of one of its fastest and best ships. The
case of the Trident in the East Indies, in 1803, is a
somewhat similar case. The ship was obliged to be
taken in tow for two days by the Tremendous, 74.
The last remarkable case of this kind which we find
occurring in the royal navy was that of the Rodney,
90 guns, struck by lightning off Syracuse, December,
1838.

------------ •_—__-•
0119.
w RAIL
A Y SHARE MAR . dug
LIVERPOOL, •7- ~,,,g bee-„, '
STOCK EXCIIIANG . ... rei-fin
E.—The share market prices 0
and inactive to-day, with little business doing...no 00494
without noticeable alteration. The trartele'l" bite,' A
follow :—Caledonian 16%—Lancashire. and
LiverpYor!Le de
—Liverpool, Crosby,'
and Southport, 16 die.-- ~./ p.-""
I le- toy 70 Jr
and North-Western, 1161 A c.—Ditto New Quer d yirteen.„.
Ditto,
Fifths, 2% 13. Manche t r 'Sbeigeld, 111 44 rd
shire,
33 - Midland, WA Distteo 'New Prelegree?foric 01:1
cent., 9-16 dis.—South-Eastern and d Dover, 2J'AI-..
North Midland,
221 A. tadeP
MANCHESTER, DKC. 27. 'sll
Acti w
STOCK Exe
"HANCE. —The share market vies - ~ folle ~
with a tendency upwards. Thetransactions were e ~...r,slic
. , ,5,.1e, ivory,
Blackburn (No. 1), s—Eastern Counties, 11,.; th
shire and Yorkshire, 5 . 1101.— "Ditielir
9 -4i--London id, and caopth•
New Quarters,
3's, p.—Mauchester, can,l'P d 58""'"
shire, 33
—Ditto,
Eastern and Dover, 21
,x. tit tbe
BIRMINGHAM Dec. 27. ~ figho li.
' STOCK EXCHANGE.--The share market t.re- the beer
week has been generally arm, although, 00413,g 711 earth
days, there has been little business transacte,o- ii.lBl4l''ersl
postponement of the opening of the Stour vil;esgell,,,bo
for a month, by dirrction of the Board of Trade, gtletilit% one
dissatisfaction; and among shareholders ill P1,1,,,i'„0" OW il a
anticipate that in time the earnings of this P"r Loodee,,lte
will add considerably to the revenue of the .„,ron" cf‘
North-Western, Company, these repeated actiell'" rriceso,
unequivocal sources of annoyance' and veXation• g cirlel
, _ noel „so .
Stour Valley Stock remain however nooe' Ar •. OW 4 0,
stances,
about stationer because 'dfideti. 1. v Dip e
by the North-West y, the 1 ~._ nobs ,or
ern Company; but tu'rropanY 1,6 A
that if the
disputes with the Shrevvsbury of ol* $l-
- and the line opened, they would etannivig were.o4
rapid advance. The closing quotations this ble`es recanel g,
most altogether regulated by the last list of Pri;ropert-
er iltil
from London; the variations were altogeth

SEABORNE

The unlearned bigotry and prejudices of a few
influential persons were at that time busy in retarding
the progress of everything like science in the Queen's
naval service. Mr. Harris's proposal for a systematic,
capacious, and permanent defence of the royal navy
from lightning were, as is well known, most vexa-
tiously opposed. The consequence was that the
Rodney, fitted out at Plymouth in 1837, was sent to
the Mediterranean without the sure means of parrying
the electric discharge, which had proved so successful
in other ships. The result was that when struck by
lightning the most terrible consequences, as usual,
ensued. The main top-gallantmast entirely disap-
peared, and covered the sea with chips. The main-
topmast was ruined, and the maimast so dealt with
that it was found charred to the heart. Seven of
the iron hoops were burst open ; two men killed
aloft, and two dangerously hurt; the ship was on
fire for half an hour, and in imminent peril, and
was subsequently laid up at Malta under a
costly refit. This disregard of science by
those upon whose responsibility such things rested
did not cost the country certainly less than 4,000/.,
besides the loss of the services of the ship. The
case created at the time a great sensation, and formed
the subject of a report by M. Arago to the Institute
of France. It subsequently led to a debate in the
House of Commons. Since the question whether the
navy of the country was, or was not, to continue ex-
posed to the ravages 'of lightning, and the Treasury
to a large annual expenditure, merely to gratify the
prejudices and personal animosity of a few persons,
could not but be of vast moment to the vital interests
of the country—more especially as the greatest sciern,
tific authorities of which this or any other country
can boast were on the side of Mr. Harris. The re-
sult was a general order in 1842 to fit every ship in
the Queen's service with the new conductors, since
which time, although we have made very critical in-
quiries, we cannot find that any ship of the royal navy
has suffered from lightning, although, as it appears
by official returns to a precept of the House of
Lords in June, 1849, her Majesty's ships have been
exposed to the destructive agency of lightning in the
ail parts of the world. From 30 to 40 of the Queen's
ships certainly have been saved by Sir Snow
Harris's conductors from the destruction formerly
attendant on lightning in the navy. The cases of
the Fisgard, Scylla, and Constance must be fresh in
recollection of naval men ; and hence, as we have al-
ready observed, the beneficial results of Sir Snow
Harris's system of conductors to the interests of the
country generally, and to the royal navy especially,
cannot be too highly estimated. Had the Calliope
lost her spars, and been crippled on a foreign station,
perhaps some of the people either killed or hurt, as
was commonly the case in times past when a man-of-
war was struck by lightning, the country would have
lost the services of the ship for the time ; the Trea-
sury must have paid cost of an expensive re-fit.
Pensions would have been justly awarded to those
crippled or hurt, and in cese of a critical emergency
occurring serious inconvenience may have arisen.
From all this the country is now free; and we are
compelled to admit, that in awarding the first medal
of the Great Exhibition to Sir Snow Harris for his
invention of a permanent system of conductors for
ships, scientifically disposed throughout the vessel, the
jury on naval matters, of which we believe Baron
Dupin was the president, made a fair and honourable
award.

Colonel R. W. Story has accepted the office of high
eherief for the county of Leitrinl for the ongliaag year,

.
(N signifies that the mails are sent from
by the night—and M by the morning—d/BP,