The Sun.
London, England, 1851-09-17 00:00:00

N°.18,404.] LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING S'
: SEPTEMBER 17, 1851.
7

THE EDINBURGH REVIEW,
No. CACTI.
ADVERTISEMENTS intended for insertion are requested to be
forwarded to the Publishers before Tuesday, the 30th inst ; and
BILLS not later than Wednesday, October 1.
London: Longman, Brown, and Co., 39, Paternoster-row.

THE COUNTRY MARKETS.
IPSWICH, SEPT. 16.

Harvest being now over, our market resumed its usual
appearance as regards the attendaace of farmers, and
this produced a fair supply, both of wheat and barley;
the former met a tolerably free sale, and only partially
declined from last week's prices. Barleys also met a
ready sale, the trade assuming an unexpected firmness.
PER QUARTER. I PER QUARTER.
Wheat, red 36s to 39sIBeans 32s to OOs
Do., new oos to 00s Peas
Do., white 4oa to 45s Oats
Do., new OOs to 00s Rye.. .. 00s to 00s
Barley, malting 26s to 301 Malt
Do., grinding... OOs to 00s Flour, per sack.. 00s to 00s

DR. CU:\ [MING'S NEW VOLUME OF LECTURES.
This day is published, in fcap. Bvo., price 95., cloth, full gilt, uniform
with " Apocalyptic Sketches,"
F 0 R ESIIADOWS;
or, Lectures on our Lord's Miracles as Earnests of the Age
to Come. By Rev. JOIIN CUMMING, D.D., Minister of the Na-
tional Scottish Church, Crown-court, Covant-garden.
Arthur Hall, Virtue, and Co., 25, Paternoster-row.

Next week will be published,
THE LILY AND THE BEE.
An APOLOGUE of the CRYSTAL PALACE.
By SAMUEL WARREN, F.R.5,
Author of " Ten Thousand a Year," Scc.
In small Bvo., price ss.
William Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh and London.

AVERAGES FOR THE WEEK ENDING SEPT. 13.
Wheat 1,170 quarters at 38s Bd.
Oats
Beans 2O „ 30s 6d.
Peas 2l ~ 27s Od.
HULL, SEPT. 16.

DR. RAMADGE ON ASTIINIA AND DISEASES OF THE
HEART.
One vol. Bvo. greatly improved, Second Edition, price 103. 6d.,
ASTHMA, its VARIETIES and COMPLICA-
TIONS ; with Practical Remarks on their Specific Treatment.
Illustrated by Cases, and Plates coloured from nature. To which
is annexed, a Succinct Treatise on the principal Diseases of the
Heart. By F. 11. RAMADGE, M.D., Fellow of the College of Phy-
sicians, late Senior Physician to the Royal Infirmary for Asthma and
Consumption.
London : Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.

Messrs. Taylor and Bright's Circular states:—We
have had a splendid week o." harvest weather, and the
fields iu the district are nearly clear of white corn, and
the whole gathered in fine condition. The markets
generally are excessively dull, and wheat declines
seriously in value—probably too seriously to last. We
had a large show of new wheat at market to-day, qua-
lity fine, and weighs heavy; condition universally good.
The market was much depressed, and about 2s lower,
34s to 36s being the general rates paid; the present low
prices are attracting the attention of foreigners, and
some purchases of now English wheat were made tc‘ day
for Hamburgh account. No transactions in foreign be-
yond the merest retail. There is amply choice of bar-
ley, and a fair sale for grinding qualities at a trifling
reduction on last week's rates. A small parcel of new
Saal has arrived, quality, weight, and malting properties
first rate; it had previously been sold at a price free on
board at lamburgh. Several samples of new English,
quality various, but weight good, price 24s to 28s. Oats
are the turn dearer. Nothing doing in beans or peas.
The linseed market is only dull, but cakes are unaltered.
A fair sale for rapeseed, at our quotations, both English
and toreign. Rape cakes are only dull.
The following are the present prices of grain :
s. S.
Wheat, English, red 34 to 36
Do. white 36 38
Dantzic and lie-

AL LSOP P'S EAST INDIA PALE and
other BURTON ALES.
The public is respectfully informed that these favourite Aleswmay
be had Genuine, in Casks of 18 Gallons and u 'wards, at their respec-
tive Stores as under, where also a List of the Bottlers may be ob-
tained :
The Brewery, Burton-on-Trent.
Stores, 61, King William-street, City, London.
Cook-street, Liverpool.
High street, Birmingham.
The Exchange, Manchester.
33, Virginia-Creet, GlaQgow.

The GREAT EXHIBITION and the ROYAL POLYTECHNIC
INSTITuTroN.
411 the most interesting Deposits at the Great Exhibition will, in
turn, be lectured on at the
OYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
11, The present Lectures are by J. H. Pepper, Esq., on the Ap-
plication o' Iron and Steel in the Manufactures of the United King-
dom, now exhibiting in the Crystal Palace ; and by Dr Bachhoffner
on the Electra-Metallic Deposits there, illustrated by a splendid se-
ries of Messrs. Elkington's Specimens. —The Exhibition of the Oxy-
Hydrogen Microscope, magnifying objects upwards of 100,000 times
their natural size.—The great economy of Cooking by Gas explained.
—A Lecture on the History of the Harp, by Frederick Chatterton,
Esq., with Vocal Illustrations.—A Series of splendid Dissolving
Views.—Diver and riving Bell, &c.
♦dmission, Is.; Schools, Half-price.
Open daily from Half-past Ten to Five, and every Evening from
Seven till Half-past Ten.

s. e.
Peas, white and yel. 28 30
, Do. grey
ILinseed Black Sea 47 49

LAURENT'S GRAND CASINO,
Licensed by Act of Parliament.
ARGYLL ROOMS, GREAT WINDMILL-
sTREET, ST. JAMES'S.
Sole Lessee, Charles Emile Laurent, jun., 57, Brompton-square.)
OPEN EVERY EVENING,
With LAURENT'S UNRIVALLED BAND.
Principal Cornet-a-Pistons, M. Boulcourt.
Doors open at Half-past Eight o'clock—Dancing to comuiwe• it
,7ine and terminate at Half-past Eleven o'clock precisely.
Admission, One Shilling.

nigsberg 3B —40 Do. Petersburgh ... 42 46
Pomeranian and Do. Riga& Archngl. 38 42
Hamburgh .. A 38 Do. Konigsberg .... 36 40
Danish, Holstein, & Per ten.
Friesland 32 —36 Lins. c,Hull 71 Os to 71 2s 6d
Russian and Odessa 30 34 Do. fine foreign ... 6t lOs
Oats, English
Do. Danish lB 20 Rapeseed
Do. Friesland l9 21 Rape cakes...oos Od to 80s Od
Do. Russ. & Odessa 18 20 Tares, English OOs OOs
Barley,malting 25 28 Do. foreign 00s COs
Do. grinding 23 24 Guano 51 71 to 101
Beans 3O 32 Bones, do 903 Od to 008
Do., foreign 27 30 Rye Meal Ol 0,
CORK, SEPT. 15.
Barrels. _. . _ _ _ . _ Currency.

0 White wheat OO3 Od to 00s Od 00s Od-26 stone
62 Red wheat 14s Od to 16s Od 00s Od-20 do
90 Ditto l6s Od to 16s 9d
75 Ditto 16s 9d to 17s 3d

THE GREATEST WONDER IN LONDON IS
B ATT Y' S GRAND NATIONAL
HIPPODROME, Kensington.

OPEN DAILY.

In consequence of the Evenings drawing in, the Doors will be
opened at Half•past Four, and the performance commence at Five
o'clock.
Immense success of Franconi and his celebrated trained horses.
THIS DAY, the performances will be under the immediate
patronage of Colonel Williams of the 2d Life Guards, and the whole
of that gallant Regiment with their splendid Band will attend, and
play several favourite airs.
Mr. Batty has much pleasure in announcing to his Patrons that
TO-MORROW September 18, there will be a Grand DAY PER-
FORMANCE. Doors open at One, to commence precisely at Two.
The entertainments in the Evening as usual.
The proprietor, determined to keep pace with its rival, the Great
Exhibition, has decided upon continuing the Hippodrome open until
the close of the Crystal Palace, and begs to intimate to his patrons
and the public that as he opened on tke same day as the Palace of
Industry, and as his career of success is without parallel, that he
would impress upon the minds of his friends the necessity of au early
visit, as it will positively close on the 11th of October. This Evening
and during the week, the performances will assume the most novel
and unique caste.
Doors open at Half-past Four, commence precisely at Five.
Private Boxes
Od.
Admission to the Reserved Seats - - 3s. Od.
First-class do.
Second do.
Third do.

CREMORNE.—Admission, One Shilling ;
Children, Half-price.
A new Italian Ballet Pantomime, entitled Harlequin and the Four
Elements ; or, Earth, Air, Fire, and Water, with entire new scenery,
appointments, &a., of the most magnificent description, arranged by
the DeulM Family.
Engagement of the celebrated Italian Hope Dancer and Ascention-
-Ist, Signora Pauline Violante ; also Herr Ilenric, the celebrated Pos-
ture Master and Equilibrist, assisted by the renowned German Buffo
Herr Jung, will appear every evening.
THIS DAY—Grand Balloon Ascent by the celebrated Spanish
Aeronaut, Giuseppe Lunardini, in the Royal Cremorne Balloon.
TO-MORROW—For the Benefit of the Duelin Family, the Grand
Naval Fete at Half-past Ten o'clock, of the Taking of Gibraltar, and
Storming of the Town and Fortress, by a numerous fleet of steam-
vessels manned by experienced crews, with the sanction of the di-
rectors of the Citizen and Iron Boat Companies. T. B. Simpson has
theft, nour to inform his friends and the public that nothing ha., been
neglected to render this representation truly magnificent, new and
extensive scenery and costumes having been made for this occasion.
The River Esplanade is the only place in London where a spectacle
of this magnitude can take place. The Pyrotechnic department un-
der Chevalier .Mortram.
FRIDAY—Grand Italian Galas, with, at Ten o'clock, Night
Balloon Ascent, with brilliant Pyrote dmic Display.
SATURDAY—lllumination Gala, with brilliant Fetes.
M. Bosisio, the celebrated composer of daaeing music, con-
ducts the great Cremorne Band, and will execute all the
music which he composed and conducted at her Maiesty's
Ball at Buckingham Palace. Exhaustless entertainments daily, in-
cluding the Bosjesmans or Bush People, Dculin's Ballet the Star of
Beauty, the Ethiopian Serenaders, the double-sighted Youth,
(lantello's Egg-hatching, the Bowling Saloon, &c. Doors open at
half-past Two, admission is., Children half-price. The Hotel affords
every accommodation for private and public dinner and supper par-
ties. Steam-boats and omnibuses nightly after the entertainments,
;he transit being superintended by Directors. Fare, 4d. by Boat,
and 6d. by Omnibus.
On Sunday the Gardens are open in the afternoon for refreshment.
admission by refreshment card tid. Table d'Hete at Four and Six
o'clock, 2s. 6d.

DR. CULVERWELL'S NEW WOitiriF
To be had of Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row ; Cs.rvallu.
147, Fleet-street ; Mann, 39. Cornhill ; or direct from the author
price One Shilling each ; by post, Is. fid.
ENJOYMENT OF LITE.
"Health, Recreation, and rational I7se of Time."
Cowrzwrs:—Early Rising—Spriag and Summer Mornings—FA-
=eons about the Environs of London—The Parks, Lanes, Hills,
toorests, Fields, High-roads, and other pleasant places—Countr)
rrlps and Rambles—The Sea—London at Night—Evening.. at Homo
—Music—The Drama—On Eating, Drinking, Sleeping, Bathing, Air,
R .dt, Ease, Occupation, Br,c.,
FRAGMENTS FROM THE MOI7NTAI2IB. Two Volt.
Vol I. _

A VISIT TO THE LAKES; SKETCH OF EDINBURGH, 643.

Vol. 11.

THE LAKES Or KILLARNEY; REMINISCENCES OP
DUBLIN, &o.
WHAT TO EAT, DRUM, AND AVOID.
"That three 'vire years and ten our course may run."
A popular review of almost every form (cause and cure) of ner-
vonsly-debilitated health and enfeebled constitution, that harasses
the yonng, besets the man of pleasure, business, er study, and em-
htters old age, with tables and rules for the diet and physical rout.
la 'ion of every-day life.
IV.
THE PASSIONS.
" What passions hart the body—what impreift,
Truths as refined as Athens ever heard."
S nailer : -Life's pilgrimage, from infancy to old age. The advent
of tae passions. Chastity and its infringements. The casualties of
licentiousness and dissipation, with illustrations, graphic, narrative,
aid rarnedlative. Advocacy of early marriages.
THE MARRIAGE STATE.
" To be or not to be, that is tho question."
PaloaAricsret—Laws and obligations of nature, society, and re.
lioon regarding marriage, to be observed by either sex. Time and
choice, on both sides, as to age, temperament, complexion, and
figure, to secure healthy offspring, with the art of rearing them.
Physical defectiveness and its removal. Sterility and its conversion.
Oases, &c.
By R. J. CULVERWELL, M.D. (1641), M.R.C.S. (1827), L.S.A.
1620. Twenty-five years Meitcal and vorensie Referee In them
matters. Reception hours daily till Five. Evenings, Seven till
Nine. 10, Argyll-place, Regent-street.

30 Barley
40 Ditto lO3 Od. to lOs 4d 00s Od-16 do
65 Ditto . lOs 4d to lOs 6d
19 Bere

Os Od

712 Oats
510 Ditto
320 Ditto Ss 10d to 9s 6d
3 Pigs 2os Od to 25s Od O7s Od per cwt
Quantity sold at the Highest Prices:
0 barrels white wheat; 0 red; 25 barley; 2 bore; 16 oats;
1 pig.
Quantity of Grain and Number of Pigs sold last weak:--
Wheat, 2,218. Barley, 1,230. Oats, 9,865. Pigs, 0.
PRICES OF BUTTER.
CANT. CURRINCY.
First quality
Second quality
Third quality ..... 68s Third quality 595
Fourth quality
Fifth quality
Sixth quality 42s Sixth quality
Return of Cattle sold for week ending Sept. 6.
Pigs, 281. Sheep, 275. Cows, 75.
CORK.—Flour—First Its 6d to 12s 6d; extra 13s Od;
seconds, 108 Od to Ils Od; households 8s to 10s Od; thirds, 6s toes
per owt. Oatmeal 1 Is to 00s Od; Indian meal 6s 9d to 7s Od; wheat-
meal, 9s to 10s Od per cwt. Indian corn 61 Os to 6110 s Od per
ton. Bran 70s to 72s 6d per ton. Hay—Farmers 17s to 30s; average
00x; dealers 30s to 35s Od; average OOs per ton. Straw— Farmers
12s Od to 20s 08; average 18s; dealers 27s Od to 34s Od;
average 001 Od per ton. Bread—Wheaten loaf 50 to 6d;
household loaf 4d to 5d per 41b. Fresh butter, 8d t 3
9d per lb. Eggs-4s 8d to 4s 10d per hundred. Coals-
4ewport 14s Od ; Lydney 15s ; Landore 00s ; Culm,
12s 6d per ton. Tallow 381 Od to 39s per cwt.
Whisky, 25 o. p., 55 9d per imperial gallon. Meat
—Beef 4d to 7d ; mutton 5d to 60 ; veal 4d to
61 ; pork 4d to Od ; bacon 6d to 7d ; sausages 5d per lb.
Mops 6110 s to 0/ Os per cwt. Bangor slates 312 s 6d to 315 s ye:
ton. Bark—Barbary 71 Os to 81 Os; Valonia 151 to 01, French
it Os ; Spanish 0/ per ton. Fleece Wool 14s to 155 per stone.
:temp 29! to 321 per ton. Fish— Scotch herrings 19s to 00s ; red
litto, 26s to 09s per barrel ; Newfoundland, 10! Os to 11/ poi
eon. Timber—Memel, SOs per ton ; red pine, 31 lOs ; yellow
ditto, 2/ 15s per ton; deals, 12s to 15s per 103. Hides—
.Vlarket 21s to 30s; salted 22s to 30s per owt ; calf skins
3d to 30 per lb. Potatoes, white 60 to 8d ; Minions,
008 to 008. Guano— Peruvian, 11/ 10s , Ichaboo, 8/ to 9/ Os
per tau. Tar—Archangel. 19s per barrel.

[ADVERTISEMENT.]—.FIFTY THOUSAND CURES
RAVE BEEN EFFECTED BY Du BARRY'S DELICIOUS REVA-
LENTA AIRABICA FOOD.—Cure, No. 71, of dyspepsia, from
the Right lion. the Lord Stuart de Decies : —" I have de-
rived considerable benefit from your food, and consider it due
to yourselves and the public to authorise the publication of
these lines.—Stuart (le Decies." Cure N0.49,83:1—" 50 years'
indescribable agony, from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma,
cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness at the sto-
mach, and vomittings have been removed by Du Barry's
excellent food.—Maria Jolly Wortham, Ling, near piss,
Norfolk."—In canisters, suitably packed for all climates, and
with full instructions : Ilb., 2s. 9d.; 2lbs., 4s. 6d.; 51hs.,
lie. ; 121b5., 225. ; super-refined, 51b.' 21s. ; 101bs., 335. The
101bs. and 121bs. carriage free 200 miles, on receipt of Post-
office order.—Du Barry and Co., 127, New Bond-street, Lon-
don; Fortnum, Mason, and Co. ; Hedges and Butler.
THH TRUEST REPENTANCE.--As continued health
IS vastly preferable to the happiest recovery from sickness, so
is illlciaCo to tin wait Tepiatiuctt-Patrchbishop Pak;

last week, only 6,000 found buyers, plain scented
Orange Pekoe only realized 10d to I Id; extra fine, in
boxes, Is 7d; spurious Caper 7-,P to 8d; extra fine Chu-
lan is Bcl to Is 81c1; Gunpowder in boxes is 2d to 2s 4d;
and spurious in i-chests 9d to 9fd per lb.
RICE.—To-day there was a reluctance to operate in
East India Rice, and previous rates are barely sup-
ported. OC 684 bgs Bengal at auction a small part only
sold at 9s 63 to 103 for fine white; and at 4s 63 to Ss 6tl
for damaged.
GINGER.—To-day a public sale of 850 brls Jamaica
went at irregular prices; good mid to good selling at 70s
to 82s; and low to mid at 41s to 66s per cwt.
SPIRITS.—In East India rum large transactions have
taken place ; prices, however, are not better, is 3fd
per gallon proof having been accepted fur 500 pun-
cheons. Leeward Island sells more freely at is 5d
to is sfl proof, but upon there terms holders are
disposed to realise. In Demerara sales have been
small, 32 to 40 over proof at 2s Id to 23 43, and 28 to
30 per cent at is 103 to 2s. In the market for inferior
sorts of Jamaica much dulness prevails, and easier rates
are taken, but fine is wanted, and cannot be obtained at
a reduction; prices for low and' mid quality 28 to 33
per cent over proof rule at 2s 34 to 2s 7d,
mid to good 32 to 36 over 2s 81 to 34 2d,
fine and choice marks 33 to 38 over 3s 3d to 4s 4d
per gallon. Havanuah in small parcels realised Is 2d
proof. The Government contract for 50,000 gallons,
half East and half West India, has been take within a
fraction of is 4d per gallon proof. Brandy ells with
more freedom; at present there is, however, ;So advance,
but holders are firm; Cognac, best brands of the vintage
of 1830 realiz-d 4s 4d to 4s 63, of 1849 4s 7d to 4s 93, of
1848 5s to 53 2d, older sorts 5s 4d to 6s 43, low to mid
2s 8d to 3s 83, and Bordeaux 2s 21 to 2a 43. A good
demand prevails for British made Spirit at 9s 5d to 9s 63
net cash, and Gin at 7s 10d for 22 under proof. Geneva
is in fair request at is 7d to is Bd, and fine is 9d to
2s 63.
FRUIT.—The price of new Valenlia Raisins is 40s per
cwt, but the trade are not much 'disposed to operate
thereat; old is, however, in good demand at 27s to 28s.
New Turkey pulled Figs and Sultanas only in limited
demand. at 60s to 70s. In Currants, business is of little
moment, and 42s is the opening price for new; the value
of low and mid old is 24s to 325, and better kind 34s to
42s per cwt.
Itamoo.—To-day at auction 26 srns Guatemala Indigo
sold at 2s 8d to 4s; these are barely former rates.
SALTPETRE.—At auction 472 bags Bombay were in
part sold at 25s for 114 to 12} per cent ; 723
bags Calcutta 8} to 84 ditto 26s to 26s 6d, and
14f to 29} ditto 25s to 26s 6d. The finest
cannot now be quoted above 28s. British Refined has been
operated in with reluctance at 28s 6d to 29s 6d. In Nitrate
of Soda a good business is doing at 14s 6d to 15s, and
there is a firm market.

COCHINEAL.—To-day a public sale of 130 bags Hon-
duras Cochineal went rather better at full rates to a
small advance; low to flue silvers realised 2s 10d to
3s 6d.

TALLOW.—In Russia on the spot large transactions
have taken place, and advanced rates are obtained, fine
new Y.C. realizing 39s 9d to 40s, and old 38s per cwt;
at these terms there are not generally sellers; for deli-
very a good business has been transacted; new
realised 40s to 40s 3d for the last 3 months
of the year, 40s 3d to 40s 6d for the early part of
1850. Home melted met with a free sale, the prices
paid being 37s 6d to 38s net cash for fine quality. Ope-
rations in other sorts are also upon a larger scale, and at
an advance ; at auction 540 casks of Australian sold,
Beef at 35s to 37s 6d, Sheep, 34s 6d to 38s; 270 pkgs
South American 35s to 38s 9d, 28 casks North Ameri-
can, fine 38s, and 30 casks Italian 37s 3d to 38s.

OILS.—In Seal Oil less business is doing; supply is
more plentiful, and prices are lower. Of 60 tuns at
auction a part only sold, pale at 331 10s, tinged at 33/,
straw 321 to 32/ 10s, brown 311. Only small purchases
made in Cod, and there are sellers at 361 to 361 10s.
Southern is not cheaper, and there are at present
few buyers; prices for low to fine rule at 31/ 10s
to 331. Sperm is, however, in brisk request, and rates
are rising; a public sale of 20 tuns went at 851 to 86/
15s for first sort: there is only a limited supply at
market. In Olive large transactions have taken place,
and rates rule firm, Gallipoli at 401 to 411, and other
sorts 39/ to 39/ 10s; the stock also continues to de-
crease. Linseed Oil has further declined in value;
several export orders, however, have been executed
during the last few days, and the home trade demand is
now good. To-day at auction 114 hhds Ceylon Cocoa
Nut Oil sold at 31s to 325.

MR. HUME, M.P., AND HIS CONSTITUENTS.

On Saturday last Mr. Hume met a large numbEr
of his constituents in the Town-hall, Montrose, the
Provost in the chair.

Mr. Hume, on being introduced to the meeting by
the chairman, was received with loud cheers. After
referring to several local matters, be said that, al-
though his constitution had received a severe shake,
he did not believe that there was another Member of
the Howe of Commons whose name appeared so often
in the division list as his own. The reason was that
he was anxious to do his duty, to excluded all class
interests from legislation, and to look to the good of
the community at large. Government was estab-
lished fur the interest of the many, and all public
measures ought to be of the same character. When
he entered the House of Commons class interest was
triumphant. He therefore set himself in opposition to
this, and advocated the removal of all monopolies, so
as to give fair play to talent and enterprise, to do away
with all unnecessary taxation, and to allow no man to
put his hand into his neighbour's pocket. The cause
of reform had advanced greatly since that time, but
still there was much to do. Those who now occupied
a prominent place in political affairs would pass away
and be forgotten, bat the country would remain.
We must therefore look to the future, and apply all
oar energies in endeavouring to place the country in
a condition to compete with the United States. That
is the only country which will press us hard ; there
is nothing to fear from any other. But the Ameri-
cans are an economical people; they have not useless
offices, and they pay only in proportion to the ser-
vices received. If England is to remain at the head
of the commercial world, or even to be able to com-
pete with that rising power, she must reduce her ex-
penditure ; and in order that this may be done the
people must have the direction of that taxing machine
—the House of Commons. This shows the necessity
for Parliamentary reform. England owes her supe-
riority to her perfect machinery, and to maintain her
political and commercial superiority she must perfect
the taxing machine. At present it does not
work well—it does its work badly. It taxed those
who sheuld not be taxed, and passes by those who
should bear the public burdens. The reason of this
was that class interest to a certain extent governed
and swayed the House of Commons. There must,
therefore, be a fresh accession of popular strength.
The people must now, in short, be thoroughly repre-
sented. The bees who make the honey must have a
voice in the government of the hive. Lord John
Russell had promised an amendment of the repre- '
sentation, and he had been asked what length the
Bill would go. That he did not know. He did not
believe the Government had made up their minds
about the matter. But there was one thing they
might be sure of, and that was that the Government
would give as little as possible. The extent of re-
form would depend upon the pressure from without.
The people must tell the Government what they
want. They must demand that every householder
have a vote in the national representation. The
country will not be content with less. This would
increase voters from 900,000 to between 3,000,000
and 4,000,000. That would be the result of house-
hold suffrage ; but we must have something more.
The voter must be protected from intimidation ; the
ballot must accompany household suffrage. He
was sorry to say that Lord John Russell was
opposed to the ballot, but what was the practice of
the aristocracy ? -Why, in all their clubs the ballot
ws used. Let them do, then, as they would be done
to themselves. The electoral districts must also be
equalized. Many were opposed to the idea of taking
population as the basis of representation, and con-
tended that property ought to form the basis. Now,
it was a curious fact, shown by the census, that as
population had increased, property had also increased
in proportion. He could speak long enough
about the inequalities of our representation, but, in-
deed, it was not necessary. Look at Dundee and
Harwich, for example. The former with a popula-
tion of 70,000 returned one Member, while the latter
with only 200 electors returned two Members to
Parliament. Was this state of things fair ? Was it
reasonable, or in accordance with common sense ?
Such were the reforms the people wanted. By
granting these the Ministry would satisfy the
country and increase the happiness and prosperity of
the nation.

Mr. Hume was greeted during his speech with re-
peated applause, and after a vote of confidence was
unanimously accorded hi:. the meeting separated.

AWFUL OCCURRENCE.—An old roan named Mark
Bassett has been committed to Winchester gaol for the man-
slaughter ot his sm, aged 13. It seems that the unhappy
parent threw a walking-stick, which he held in his hand, at
the deceased with such force that the small end of the stick
passed through the poor little fellow's hat and entered his
skull to the extent of some four or five inches. The wretched
father was found sitting on the ground with his son lying
across his lap in a dying state. The coroner's jury returned
a verdict of manslaughter against the father, who is in his
66th year, and his agonies are so great that it is thought he
will not live to take his trial.

TIVERTON LONGEVITY.—The following is a striking
proof that the salubrity of our climate tends greatly to
strengthen and comfort the declining years of man. From
the 2d to the 9th September, were, registered successively
seven persons, of the following ages-67, 78, 65, 74,-79, 76,
82•—Woolmer's ,Exeter Gazette.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.

FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.
TIMES—The best part of a year has slipped away
since we parted company from the Metropolitan Cone-
rnistioners of Sewers. Despite the ominous hints of
its friends and the determined opposition of its enee
thies, this body has maintained itself outwardly un-
impaired, and while other Commissions have been
consigned to disrepute or extinction, the Greek-street
Court is apparently entering upon a fresh lease of
official vitality. It has been reorganized under a new,
end, as we are tohi, a more efficient chairman ; it
certainly levies a considerable amount of money, and
it transacts no small quantity of routine business.
We had not intended to do more than watch its per-
formances in what may be, perhaps, only a transition
state of existence, but an incident occurred the other
day which indirectly proeliiced disclosures of great
general interest. At tie/Temple-pier, as we need
not tell anybody residirq, between Charing-cross and
St. Paul s, an enormous sewer is incessantly dis-
charging its contents into the tidal waters of the
Thames. Of course the immediate neighbourhood
experiences the usual results of such arrangements;
but the nuisance, in the present case, was not confined
to the population of the vicinity. The pier is in great
request as a landing-place, and thousands of visitors
from healthier quarters of the metropolis were thus
indulged with a taste of what was daily endured
by those less favourably lodged than themselves.
Accordingly there was a resolute "representation"
made to the Commissioners on the subject. The
steam-boat company complained,-the passengers com-
plained, the inhabitants complained, and a large
number "of barristers and others" signed an indig-
nant memorial. Attached to the document also was
a " mark" resembling the famous sign manuel of the
King of Ara, which the British Ambassador com-
pared to the impression producible on a sheet of paper
by the dirty claw of a hen. This was the attestation
of the Chinaman on board the junk, who, with all the
training and patience of his countrymen, found it,
nevertheless, impossible to support the customs of our
good city of London. On Friday last, therefore, the
Chairman of the Commission introduced this subject
at a special Court, which incontinently proceeded to
discuss and resolve thereon. There was no doubt
about the magnitude or reality of the nuisance alleged.
The sewer in question was " one of the largest run-
ning into the Thames ; it collected the drainage of
"an immense district ;" the river was " greatly pol-
luted and exceedingly offensive," while the crowded
state of the thoroughfare was undeniable. In point
of fact, one of the best frequented spots in the metro-
polis had been selected for the most profuse discharge
of sewage, and, to mend the matter, the Chairman
was fain to admit with remarkable candour that
" under the recent proceedings of the Commission the
place had become decidedly more offensive than be-
fore." All this was extremely ingenuous and in-
teresting, but what was to be done ? The expense
of covering in the sewer with a trunk was
estimated at 4501., and though the outlay might not
appear unreasonable in itself considering the occasion,
it could not be forgotten that we had been promised a
bodily extinction of the whole system together. To
expend 4501., therefore, in patching a sewer which
was to be presently disused, and in modifying a nui-
sance which was to be summarily abated, naturally
looked unbusinesslike and extravagant. Thus the
very essence of the Commission's capacity and func-
tion was accidentally brought on the table. If Lon-
don, including the Thames, was to be forthwith
scientifically and comprehensively drained, the
Temple-pier nuisance would vanish of itself ; but if
not, or if only at some indefinite period, then some
expedient in mitigation of the evil must be employed
meanwhile. Which of these presumptions was to be
accepted ? Is the great work of drainage going on
or not ? The question is none other than the iden-
tical inquiry which has been made so earnestly and so
often ; and here are the Commissioners inveigled
against their will into a practical confession of the
truth. The chairman boldly expressed his own
opinion that it would not be advisable to incur much
charge on a work which " must be rendered
useless by the general system of drainage the
Commissioners had then in hand." Mr. Rendall
very justly observed that the question turned
"on the time the nuisance would have to
be endured," pending the accomplishment of the new
works. " If," he added, " there was little prospect
of such completion within a few years, then some
expence might be incurred at present." Mr. Ste-
phenson came nearer to the point by remarking that
" the system of intercepting sewers could not be com-
pleted until four or five years at least, even if their
construction could be commenced at once, which could
not be done." lie further stated it as " mrrnifest that
the Committee must not entirely abandon outlets into
the Thames for the sewage, but retain them as safety-
valves, in case of the other outlets becoming acci-
dentally choked." These were the opinions of the
Metropolitan Commissioners on the case before them,
and these are prospects in the matter of drainage as
authentically depicted. The only conclusion at
which we can arrive from such information is that
the Metropolitan Commission of Sewers is just as
much in the dark respecting the drainage of London
as the chief mate of the Chinese junk. If there was
any single point on which a plain categorical reply
might have been expected from the Commissioners,
it was surely the position of their own proceedings.
We left them regenerate in constitution and sentiment,
resolute to drain the city forthwith, and actually decided
upon certain specific plans for that purpose. Every-
thing at last was in proper train, and the only ques-
tion was one which could be approximately answered
by any experienced contractor. Yet now, after the
lapse of nine months, when a point arises involving
the reality of all these doings, neither the Chairman
nor his colleagues appear to have any definite infor-
mation on the subject. Mr. Lewes, to be sure, spoke
of the general system as being " then in hand," but
Mr. Stephenson tells us not only that no " commence-
ment" bas yet been made, but that it is impossible to
make one, while Mr. Rendall speaks of the " pros-
pects" of the Commission as a point on which the
Commissioners themselves are left wholly to conjec-
ture. But if the Court knows so little, who knows
any more ? What upon earth are ordinary ratepayers
to conclude about their chances of relief if these
chances appear utterly inscrutable and obscure to
those charged with the accomplishment of the
task ? As some indication of their convictions, the
Commissioners ordered a plan and estimate to be
prepared for covering in the Temple-pier sewer, so
that we may take their general impression as un-
favourable to the proximity of any " general
system" of drainage. We have no wish to be under-
stood on the present occasion as imputing any perso-
nal blame to the Commisioners engaged. Taking
the "prospects" as they actually appeared, there could
be no question about the propriety of mitigating the
Temple-pier nuisance without waiting for the com-
pletion of a work which it is judged impracticable to
commence. Neither is the indefiniteness of these
views probably chargeable on the members of the
Commission. Perhaps the course to which public
opinion compelled them was not altogether acceptable
to those prepossessed with conclusions of their own ;
nor do we conceive that the diversion of the sewage
from :the Thames bas been acquiesced in as an in-
dispensable condition without considerable reluctance.
But the obstacles at present opposed to efficient action
are more likely to be concerned with the constitutional
and financial prospects of the Commission than with
the caprices of its individual members. Lord J. Rus-
sell dropped a hint in Parliament about the possible
amalgamation of these duties with the great busi-
ness of water-supply, and funds, we know, are hard
to come by when credit is shaken. It was to some
such considerations, we suspect, that Mr. Stephen-
son's " impossibilities" referred ; but although we
give these embarrassments their due allowance, we
cannot disguise from ourselves that the actual result
is as detrimental to the sanitary interests of the me-
tropolis as the most wilful neglect. In plain words,
the drainage of London is no nearer than before. We
have secured the recognition of a principle, but we
have made no further advance towards the execution
of the work. Our streets are ripped open, our houses
are bodily undermined, and our pockets are heavily
taxed, but by the confession of the Commissioners
themselves there is no prospect of even commencing
I an effective reform, while in the meanwhile the offen-
siveness of the existing system is somewhat greater
than before. This state of things must be termi-
nated. If the Commission is to be charged with the
projected duty, it should be invested with proper
powers ; if a better machinery is available, it should
be substituted at ouce. At present we actually pay
for damage instead of benefit, and should esteem it a
positive improvement to get nothing at all for our
money.
CHRONICLE.—The Admiralty have at length
issued an advertisement, calling for tenders for a line
of postal screw-steamers to Australia; but we much
regret to be compelled to add that the proposed con-
tract is fettered with conditions, and is brought
forward under circumstances, which will prevent any
real progress being made at present towards the
effectual settlement of the question which has been so
long at issue. The chief features of the scheme are,
that it stipulates for the dispatch of a steamer from
England to Sydney, and vice versa, not every month,
bat only every alternate month ; that it confines the
contract to screw-steamers ; that it fixes s knots an

[PRICE SD.

hour as the average speed during each voyage, both
out and home ; that it limits the duration of the
arrangement to four years, subject to a twelvemonth's
notice at the end of that time ; that it does not exclude
either iron or wooden vessels from the service; and
that it does not specify any particular period within
which the first steamer is to be dispatched. As re-
gards several of these points, the present advertise-
ment is a great improvement upon firmer ones of a
similar nature. For example, to stipulate for a par-
ticular rate of average speed is far better than to
demand vessels of a specified amount of horse-
power ; and the omission of the usual clause re-
quiring the dispatch of the first vessel within some
fixed period—the interval named in such cases 1
being often unreasonably short—is only fair towards
the general body of shipowners, as it gives them
a chance of competing with the powerful
joint-stock companies embarked in steam-naviga-
tion enterprises. There is wisdom also in leaving the
competition open both to iron and wooden vessels;
and we are glsd to observe that the Admiralty intend
in the first instance at least, to try the experiment of
offering only a short term—in this instance four years
—of guaranteed continuance of the contract. Here,
however, our commendations must end. Whilst, as
regards details the Government seem prepared to
profit by the discussions of the last three or four
years, and particularly by the evidence laid before the
Select Committees of the last two sessions, it is too
plain that, in everything which relates to lie prin-
ciples which ought to determine such a question, Sir
Charles Wood adhererlifsbbitinately and blindly as
ever to the narrow and mischievous fallacies which
he developed, in the early part of 1850, in his famous
India House controversy. The limitation of the pro-
posed service to six voyages each way in the course of
a year—in other words, the adoption of an " alter-
nate-monthly " instead of a " monthly" service—is
fatal to the whole scheme as regards the establish-
ment either of an efficient service vied the Cape, or of
a satisfactory postal intercourse with the Australian
colonies. There is already a monthly screw-steamer
to the Cape, which is a full half of the distance to
Sidney. Extend that monthly line to an Aus-
tralian terminus, and the arrangement will he
effective, economical, and complete. But the
proposal to run once a month to the Cape,
and only once in two months to Sydney, is ab-
surd on the face of it. If the Cape route to Sydney
is worth adopting at all, it is worth adopting in its
integrity ; and it can only be so adopted by entering
into arrangements which will render the service effi-
cient and profitable—which will attract towards it
that large and constant traffic which is only to be se-
cured by the combined inducements of frequency, ex-
pedition, certainty, and cheapness. An alternate-
monthly steamer to Sydney wills e a costly plan for
Government, a hazardous undertaking for the con-
tractor, almost useless as respects the colonies, and in
the highest degree unsatisfactory to the Australian
interests in this country. It will facilitate nothing,
develop nothing, and please nobody but Sir Charles
Wood. We are, however, led to believe that, behind
this proposal, there is a scheme of which the public
have as yet had no intimation. We shall be prepared
to see an advertisement issued by the Admiralty, be-
fore the end of the year, for such an adjustment of the
existing contract with the Peninsular and Oriental
Company as will permit that company to run a steamer
every alternate month from Singapore to Sydney; and
it is probable that, in the official notice which has just
made its appearance, we have before us only
half of the exquisitely ridiculous plan which
Sir Charles 'Wood has conceived for the
settlement of the long neglected Australian
mail question. The country will, we suspect, be
called upon—notwithstanding all the discussions
which have taken place, the evidence which has been
collected, the facts which have been established, and
the distinct recommendations which have been made
by Lord Jocelyn's Committee—to support some in-
geniously complicated scheme for reaching Sydney
twelve times a year, partly via Singapore, and partly
by way of the Cape. We have no hesitation in saying
that a more delusive and unsatisfactory arrangement
could scarcely be imagined. We could understand a
plain and open preference either of the one route or of
the other—and the multiplication of risks and uncer--
tainties which such a scheme involves—all this consti-
tutes one of those peculiar exhibitions of perverse and
obstinate ingenuity which have already made Sir
Charles Wood's name the bye-word of his party. We
cannot hope that, under present circumstances, he
will relinquish the impracticable project of which the

recent Admiralty notice may be regarded as the first
development; but we are certain that, no matter
how it may be introduced and supported, it will not
succeed. It is no doubt in his power, by further
procrastination and delay, to inflict severe injury on
every interest connected with the Australian colonies ;
but in the end the Cape line will be adopted, and Sir
Charles Wood will only succeed in confirming and
improving the very peculiar and most undesirable
reputation which he has already acquired in connexion
with this question. As regards the average speed re-
quired by the contract, we do not think that the pro-
posed rate of 8f knots is open to any valid objection.
It must be remembered that this part of the subject is
simply a question of cost. If the Admiralty think
proper to pay the price, they can have 10k as easily as
8i knots an hour; but the circumstances of the Aus-
tralian packet service do not call for any such extra-
vagance. In the communications with India and
America the case is different. On those lines
the public expect to have the highest speed
which, in the present state of science, can
be attained ; and when, either in consequence
of gold discoveries, or—which would be still
better—of the legitimate and healthy deve-
lopment of its resources, Australia shall have become
of as much consequence to us as India or America, we
shall be prepared to place the Cape packet line on
the same first-class footing as our communications with
those countries. In the meantime, however, it is
important that the public should clearly perceive the
absurd and mischievous nature of the present device,
which virtually tends to supersede the Cape line by
introducing a mere alternate monthly service. Noth-
ing could be more clearly established than the fact
of the practicability and desirableness of that line, as
shown ;by the evidence given before Lord Jocelyn's
Committee of last session. Many of the members of
that body, who entered upon the inquiry with a pre-
judice in favour either of the Singapore or of the Pa-
nama route, were so impressed by the testimony
adduced in favour of the Cape line, that they became
its active supporters, and the decided views enter-
tained by the Committee on the subject may be in-
ferred from the following paragraph of their first
report, which was adopted without dissent or opposi..
tion :—" Your Committee consider that it has been
satisfactorily proved that, by the Cape, postal service
with England may be conducted with sufficient re-
gularity and rapidity to meet the present require-
ments of the colonies ; that it would bring into direct
csmmunication with each other the principal colonies
of Australia; that it would furnish the most econo-
mical, and, at the same time, the least inconvenient
means of transit to passengers, including even the
labouring classes; that it would offer facilities for the
transmission of merchandize without the inconve-
nience of transhipment; and that it would establish a
line of communication, independent of other nations,
between the mother-country and her distant colonies,
which might, in case of any sudden emergency, be
useful in keeping open the communication between
England and her Empire in the East." 'When it is
remembered that this passage is not the language of
partisans wedded by interest or prejudice to the ad-
vocacy of a particular project, but that it conveys
the deliberate judgment of a Select Committee of the
House of Commons, composed of men of all parties,
our readers will feel no difficulty in perceiving the
mischievousness of the course to which Government
seemed resolved on committing themselves.

COTTAGE ECONOMY.
BEES.— & correspondent, who is a bee-keeper, ob-
serves he often hears cottagers complain of the difficulty
of paying their rent, and as an efficient means of doing
so, ho recommends them to turn their attention to
bees. " I would advise," he says, " young people,
as soon as they are married, instead of buying so
many fine paltry things into the house, to endeavour to
save a half sovereign, and buy a skep of bees. In two
years they can get a good stock, that will bring them in
money enough to pay their rent every year. I have
kept bees for twenty-one years, and have been very for-
tunate with them; the account of honey and wax pro-
ceeds f'r the last three years is as follows:-
1849. 221 lbs of honey, at 6d. per 1b.... £5 10 6
9 ditto wax, ls. lid ditto 0 13 6

1850. 131 ditto honey, at 6d. ditto ... 3 5
16 7 ditto wax, at la. 44. ditto ... 0 9 4
1851. 170 ditto honey, at 6d. ditto ... 4 5 0
8 ditto wax, at Is. 2d. ditto ... 0 9 4

Total in three years ... £l4 13 2
Per year •••• ••• 414 4i
This will pay the reat and leave a few shillings b3sides
to put into the pooksts.—l am yours obediently,
" JAS. PETTS,
—Chelmsford Chronicle. Mashintry."

TELEGRAPH IN BRITISH NORTH AMERICA.--The -----
le crop
wire between Quebec and Halifax, including the submersion 1 The app
places profuse. At the Pheasant Inn,
in the gulf of St. Lawrence, is nearly completed. Anew good, and i
hnerseorsea Keswick coddlirg, one branch of which,
in Vi:orcestershire is geners►llp
feature, alike feasible for adoption, but apparently not thought Wellan an, there
long,
has clustered upon it thirty-three apples,
of in this country, has been introduced in America—that
.1 each apple twoappfl e being from seven to eight iii 42435 ill Ciitlillitelellte.
marking the distance by railway on the telegraphic Pies, • , _Gloucestershire Chronicle. ;
givea rages,•