The Sun.
London, England, 1851-04-23 00:00:00

CHANNEL ISLANDS.

Guernsey ...
Jersey Dell

(From the Times.)
We resume our account of the principal features
which the Exhibition now developes, and, having
sketched the most attractive objects in the eastern or
foreign division of the interior, we now turn west-
ward into the space set apart for our native and colo-
nial products. And, first, of the display in the nave :
—The character of that display will present a curious
contrast to the manner in which our visitors from
abroad have decorated their section of the centre aisle.
Statues in bronze, marble, and plaster of Paris are
introduced there, and will attract some attention ;
but excellence has not been attained, for the most
part, in this department, and in fine arts we shall be
completely eclipsed. The Horse and Dragon of Mr.
M. C. Wyatt will be much admired, and the Dog, by
the same artist, treading on a serpent, will be exa-
mined with some curiosity. Our lawyers will survey
withinterest, if they fail to recognize any likeness to
the originals, two gigantic statues of Lords Eldon
and Stowell, seated, and looking as ponderous as the
learning of the courts could be expected to make any
two individuals. Beyond these, and looking down
from an appropriate elevation over the vast interior,
stands the statue of him who was not for an age but
for all time. There is something extremely apposite
in the position which has been assigned to this me-
ritorious representation of the great dramatist,
and all classes of our countrymen will recognise with
unmingled satisfaction the presence among our na-
tional trophies of such an object. The great Cole-
brook-dale dome is up, but has not yet been divested
of its paper coverings. Rosse's telescope and the
fountains intended to ornament the nave are approach-
ing completion. The frame of the Spitalfields silk trophy
has been put up. On Thursday a beautiful model, of
the plan of the orchestra for the Exeter Hall Con-
certs of the Harmonic Society, arranged by Costa,
was brought in and placed. The larger. models of
great bridges, and of the Liverpool Docks, are ;gyp.
proaching completion. Chance's lighthouse, also,
is
nearly finished, and forms an exceedingly effective part
of the general display. Over head the calico covering
of the roof is rapidly spread oat, and Wends in long

strips like a low sandy ehore at ebb tide. From each
of the 30 sections into which the British Industrial Ex-
hibition has been divided pour forth upon the main
avenue immense quantities of empty packing cases,
and on either side the eye glances down openings
and passages disclosing varied scenes of bustle and
preparation. Over the whole space swell at inter-
vals the pealing notes of the great organ on the west-
ern gallery, as each pipe is tested, and the constructive
process ascertained to be properly performed. The
western half of the nave, true to the characteristics of
our national industry—will be more remarkable for
manufacturing and productive energy than for high
art—for the capital and the resources of a great em-
pire than for appeals to the imagination, the senses,
and the taste of spectators. We exhibit there, with-
out any reference to sightliness, enormous transverse
sections of mahogany trees, and blocks and planks of
Canadian timber—rough from the hands of the back-
woedsman. The gigantic specimens of our mineral
products will be disposed outside of the building, in
front of the western entrance. Foreigners will pause
before those great masses, arranged so as to resemble,
in some respects, the stupendous remnants of Egyptian
architecture, but of deeper significance to the contem-
plative mind than even those time honoured memo-
rials of the Ptolemys and the Pharoahs. They will
not fail to observe in those vast blocks and obelisks of
coal a type of the force which sustains our national
industry, and an evidence of that enterprise which has
drawn from the bowels of the earth the deposits of
pritneeval forests to light the forges of Birmingham, to
drive the cotton-mills of Manchester, and to warns the
hearths and darken the air of the great metropolis.
Other objects, also, will be examined with interest,
and among them those masses of granite and slate
which have been sent from our quarries as specimens.
Such materials illustrate the substantial and perma-
nent instincts of John Bull, and the vigour with which
he applies himself to the roughest and most inflexible
materials of nature in order to gratify his love of the
solid and enduring.
From the nave, and its continuation of analogous
objects beyond the western entrance, let us pass into
the department of machinery, on the north side of the
building. Nearly all the leading features of that in-
teresting department have now been developed, and
the exact character of the display may be accurately
and succinctly defined. From an early period it was
predicted that the collection would be more remarka-
ble for the excellence of each contribution, and for its
adoption of the most recent improvements, than for
any striking novelty. That anticipation turns out to
be well founded, and in this great branch of industry,
where we are comparatively without rivals, our repu-
tation rests mainly upon what the mechanical genius
of the country has already successfully adopted. Yet
there are points of interest to guide the steps of the
uninitiated visitor amid that wonderful display, some
of which from time to time we have attempted to
point out. He may pause for a moment to examine
Donnesthorpe's patent for opeuing cotton—a quarter
of the right in which he has disposed of, it is said, for
25,0001. Mather's invention for printing calico in
eight colours is not yet ready, but will be soon after
the Exhibition opens, and will attract great attention.
Another important novelty is the patent exhibited by
Dalton, of Manchester, for calico printing on both
sides. The show of Manchester tools by Whitworth
developes a new adaptation of the well known princi-
ple, that tubular frames, besides their other advan-
tages, are better adapted for resisting the strain of ma-
chinery than solid masses of metal. Mr. Whitworth
also claims to have solved a mechanical difficulty,
long felt by the scientific world, and often announced
as accomplished, but never hitherto successfully. He
exhibits a machine which it can he ascertained by the
touch, measures the 250,000 th part of an inch, and which
it is believed may be made to measure a millionth
part of the inch. Garforth, of Dukinfield, near Man-
chester, shows a very remarkable new rivetting ma-
chine, in which the direct action of the steam piston
rod is substituted for that by levers under Fairbairn's
invention. An elastic and directly controlable force
is thus obtained by the simplest mechanical means.
The hydraulic press punch of Hick and Sons, from
Bolton, is illustrated by a small model ; yet the power
and beauty of the arrangement are obvious, and the ex-
hibitors produce specimens of what their patent can ac-
complish. Instead of one, this press has four cylinders,
and by this cumulative feature an enormous additional
strain is obtained. Maudslay, the well known engineer,
contributes two features to the display of machinery.
One is a highly finished connecting rod, the bearings of
which are of white iron instead of brass, thus securing
less friction and more durability. The other is an in-
genious machine for coining medals, which substi-
tutes the use of a cam instead of a sere w,aud gives a
result obtained by increased leverage instead of one
obtained by increased momentum. Of Mr. Appold's
centrifugal pump we have already spoken, but we
may observe, in addition, that it is now in working
order, and promises to be a very attractive object. By
it the inventor calculates that with a wheel 20 feet in
diameter, describing 53 revolutions per minute, he
could discharge in that short time 560,000 gallons of
water. warding i. ...a few cu,chanical con-
trivances are exhibited, but we may mention the mor-
ticing and tenon machines of Furness, from Liverpool,
and the sash-bar machines used by Fox and Hen-
derson in the construction of the building. Westrup,
of Wapping, shows a new and ingenious construction
of a corn mill. Watkins and Hill a beautiful ex-
planatory model of the steam-engine. The only
marked novelty in the printing press department,
besides Applegarth's machine, is a hand press,
exhibited, we believe, by Ransom and May,
of Ipswich, and which inks itself. We have
now gone as minutely as the object of the
present notice would justify over some of the more
striking features of the department of machinery in
motion, yet, before we quit that part of the Exhibi-
tion, let us notice a rather remarkable implement for
plaining stone, produced there by an American con-
tributor named Morey. The railway section of the
Exhibition—that which for years past has absorbed so
large a portion of our mechanical and engineering
skill—will be examined with great interest by an in-
quiring public. Visitors will expect to see locomo-
tives set in order like so many prize oxen at a cattle
show, with an immense heating surface, huge driving
wheels, and a power of steam pressure astoundingly
great. The department has only within the last few
days been opened, and we are unable therefore to judge
what position it may occupy in the general display ;
but already the anticipations to which we have alluded
have been realized in the arrival of a monster engine
contributed by the North-Western Railway, and the
largest and most powerful ever made to run on the
narrow gauge. This overgrown machine has driving
wheels eight feet in diameter, and is, in point of fact,
a moving mountain of iron. Two other locomotives
had previously taken up their position ; one, a small
racehorse, adapted for short branch lines or light
traffic, and having a tender combined with it, is ex-
hibited by Mr. England; the other, made by Ste-
phenson, on Cracapton's patent, is a very interesting
contribution from the important principle which that
patent developes. An additional axle, without wheels,
is introduced to bear the strain of the machinery, and
the axle of the driving wheels is thus lightened of a
portion of the work which hitherto it has had to per-
form, and which has rendered it so apt to give way.
The only other object in the locomotive department
worthy of notice is Barlow's sleeper and rail combined
with continuous bearings. We pass on into the section
of fixed machinery and admire the splendid marine en-
gines of Bolton and Watts, and of Penn, remarkable for
their economy of space, their direct action, and the
finished workmanship they display. Then come the
Nasmyth hammer and the Britannia hydraulic press,
each wonders in their way, and well calculated to
astonish spectators by their very appearance without
seeing them in action. We hurry through the fine
arts court, which is now filling with a great variety
of models and specimens too numerous to allude to,
through the furniture court on the north side of the
nave, which contains a very splendid sideboard, from
Messrs. Cooke, of 'Warwick, elaborately decorated
with carved scenes from Kenilworth. Near at hand
the section of mineral manufactures is disposed, and
most prominent in that collection are the polished
granite, porphyry, and serpentine of Cornwall. The
specimens of chimneypieces, candelabra, vases, inlaid
tables, and other ornamental objects exhibited in these
materials, are surprisingly beautiful, and will take the
admiration of the public by storm. The Serpentine
Company of Penzance are the principal exhibitors of
this manufacture, which is a recent one in its origin,
and in addition to its intrinsic excellence has thus the
charm of novelty. Passing the envelope folding ma-
chine of Mr. De la Rue, which is not far off from the
point of the building at which 'we have now arrived,
we take the opportunity of correcting an error into
which we fell with regard to its invention. Mr.
Edwin Hill and Mr. Warren De la Rue are the joint
patentees. The credit of the original idea, and of its
development to a considerable extent, are due to the
former gentleman, but he received indispensible as-
sistance from his co-patentee's mechanical ingenuity.
Mr. Edwin Hill is brother of Rowland Hill, the great
author of the penny postage stamps, and it was while
prosecuting the details of changes consequent on that
reform that the thought of the envelope folder was
suggested. We have never seen a machine which so
nearly approaches to the characteristics of human
labour in its action, and whatever other objects in the
Exhibition escape observation, we predict that that
will not. Let us now ask our readers to step with us
for one moment into the carriage court—not to de-
cide on the relative merits of broughams, britzkas,
flys, dogcarts, gigs, jaunting cars, or any other form
of private vehicle, but to examine for one moment a
spick and span new omnibus presented for approval.
Of all metropolitan ills there is none which is entitled
to take precedence of the present " buss nuisance."
People read with a thrill of he cror how the pirates of the !
Indian Ocean, when tho-7 capture peieonees, pen them
up in iron cages, where they can neither sit, stand, or lie
down, and thus expose them to the heat of a tropical
sun. But is that worse than the torture which the
unhappy Londoner suffers, who, compelled to take an I

economical threepenny rile to one of the suburbs on
a boiling summer's day, finds himself one of 13
insiders, several of whom are mothers with children,
which don't " count," and yet cannot be squeezed
or sat upon ? There he is, unable to sit up, becaus!
his hat will be smashed by bumping against the roof,
held as in a vice by the two passengers placed
either side of him—his corns trode upon by everybody
who comes in or goes out of the convevance--hts
temper tried by everlasting stoppages, his kneecaps
almost torn off by the struggles and dangers of tbst
n middle passage." The omnibus now on view in.
the Crystal Palace is, we suppose, intended to meetthat evil—we trust that it may. We cross the
western end of the building, under the organ galler,h
and pass along the department of agricultural unP',e:
ments. The merits of that department we shall toe,
an early opportunity of pointing out in detail, and
for the present we abstain from entering into Partr
culars. The farmer, however, who visits the Dal?iii
bition will find much to instruct him here. w
learn, in the increasing energy of the implement
makers as a class, in the eagerness with which they
have sought for accommodation within the Crystal
Palace, in the excellence of their contributions as CO°3;
pared with those of any other nation in the saint
cl iss, some useful lessons with reference to the Pas
and some cheering hopes for the future. He will see
the deep anxiety founded on the sound basis of Osd
which exists among a body of highly enterprising ace
intelligent manufacturers to extend to socultus
those mechanical aids which have raised other branches
of the national industry to their present colossal pia;
portions. The public at large, too, though theY in 9
not be able to estimate the value of grubbers, scarab
tiers, clod crushers, pulverisers, and harrows--thle
able only to form a vague conception of what 1: h
vast and formidable array before them can accomplish
for the farmer, will yet gather enough to convipci
them of the influence which the implement makers, .a
a body, exercise upon the cultivation of the soil, a.°
of the firm root which they have taken in the countqf
as a producing interest. From the manufacturers 'is
ploughshares and pruning hooks to those of lteo
peaceful weapons is but one step in the Crr re
Palace. The hardware and cutlery departments at,
just beginning to show signs of life and arrangemea..:
and it would be premature yet to speak of their 03trr
striking features. The stalls and hanging sPace.s,,:e,
the exhibition of textile fabrics are also unfurnis,s'
and will be so almost to the last moment.
departments of the Exhibition can be got ready laof
few hours now, and the production at present d
delicate goods, susceptible of tarnish and inilljt
in a variety of ways, would only be to destroy ther,
freshness when the opening takes place. Furnitato
on the south, as well as on the north side, begins .
come in fast now. Great mirrors are being erect
carved oak chimneypieces put together, and f01P.„.(3,
hangers and decorators are busily engaged coniple,to,°.
specimens of ornamental side walls and ceillalle
Everything, however, in these sections is still in "1,
confused and imperfect a state that we cannot sPe6
of their leading features definitely. The trophy r,;
lected to illustrate British furniture in the nave
handsome carved screen, which, however, will bar
stand comparison with the chef-d'oeuvres of yien
and Florence. We hope for better things vvhell"i
courts on either side of the nave have been comPle°3dia
equipped; and the more so as we hear of a eplen
bookcase, elaborately carved and ornamented, iti,tpci
highest style of art, with inlaid marbles, trellis
e,
doors and bronzes, and other sculptural decal;;
tions. This work is said to have cost an itpurrin-d,
sum of money to its exhibitors, Messrs. lielte
Let us for one moment glance into the sculP"`"
court for British artists. That court was clove;
rously demanded by them at the outset as a Place
of refuge for their productions. But now they ara
deserting it as fast as ever they can, and occuet"
spaces along the thoroughfares of the buildut
Ilad they produced among them many
of merit the change of venue might have hit/erit
overlooked, but where there is so little shining ta',„'sj,
displayed the exposure becomes somewhat e
The court assigned to them is a retired spot Wne"`be
mediocrity might have found a safe retreat. -"ea
Executive Committee, with an instinctive prescieno
probably of what was coming, placed them behind t„
mediawal reproductions of Pugin and his callabeL
teurs, no doubt thinking that these would break eie
tide of curiosity and prevent its flowing further oe
that direction. Of the mediaeval court itself we
already spoken, and it is unnecessary now to
more than that the preparations therein are raPi' tt,
approaching a close, and promise to prove very 're
tractive to the large class of persons whose tastes °.ch
strongly retrospective. Our colonial exhibition,
we now pass through, is still not sufficiently advlin'ibe
to be spoken of with any degree of certainty, ande.;eli,
same may be said of the Indian collection, sv"%fe
however, we hear, will possess many most attraello
objects. Shawls from Cashmere inwrought
silver and gold will be exhibited, and war
weapons ornamented in the most costly and elaboltl
style of oriental art. Some interesting contributi °o
t,
from Nepali] are included, and, strange to say, °,lO,
traps, door locks, and other articles of common ""
niestic ironmongery, which we think it not itilfdri°l;
bable (though we have not seen them) origins
emanated from Birmingham. Such is a rapid and :I,:g
perfect sketch of the most prominent and interesTee
O
features which the British half of the Crystal P
at present exhibits.

RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS• /

LIVERPOOL, APRIL 22.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The share market was firm to-
se
and prices the same as quoted yesterday. The travAir
tions were as follow ; Birkenhead, Lancashire, and
fit!tto,
shire, 221. Shares, 4% dis.—East Lancashire, 17% 64
Preference, Quarters, 7 13-I6—Lancashire and YorkshiT,...
—Manchester and Lincoln Union, % p.—Midland,
Ditto, Halves, 12% dis. —North British, 10%—North
fordshire, 6.46 dis.—Shrewsbury and Chester, 10/. Share29lo
dis. South-Eastern and Dover, 28 York and .0°
Midland, 27.A3.
MANCHESTER, APRIL 22. t to'
STOCK EKCHANGX.—The share market was very ila.oo
day, and prices had a downward tendency. The transalot
were as follow :—Bolton, Birkenhead, Chester, and
Yorkshire (B), 19—Eastern Counties, 7 11-16—East
cashire, 171/9—Great Northern, 1814—Lancashire and I.l,tir
shire, 6314—Ditto, Fifths, 6% dis.— London and ICl!,),for
Western, 1291/.2—Ditto, New Quarters, 511-16 p..-'ate
cheater, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire, ',,3sjB—Ditto, 10/. ,
ference, 12 - North Staffordshire, 614 dis.—South-E*s`ero
and Dover, 27 c.—York and North Midland, 1 dis.
BIRMINGHAM, APRIL 22.
STOCK ExCHANGE.—The only transactions reported to•
were—Shrewsbury and Birmingham (A), 3>78
Staffordshire, 23/4 dis.
YORK, APRIL 21. 64
Sroca- ExcHANGE.—The transactions to-day were
„i
follow :—York, Newcastle, and Berwick, 22%—Eastern ,T
(A), 6%.

FRENCH RAIL WAY TRAFFIC'
The following are the last returns of the gross
ceipts of the principal French Railways :
*
NORTHERN.—.'ram April 9 to April 15: Passeto'er
,
203,1651.; goods, 204,617 f.; total, 407,782 f.
ROUEN.—From April 6 to April 12 : Passengerg'
65,730 f.; goods, 77,077 f.; total, 142,807 f. erh
HAVRE.—From April 6 to April 12 : Passeng
22,789 f.; goods, 32,279 f. ; total 55,068 f.
O 0
ORLEANS.—From Apirl 7 to April 13 : PUS„miz-
79,6801. ; goods, 124,576 f.; total, 204,256 f.
BORDEAUX.—From April 7 to April 13: Passe.,.oooo
34,7271.; goods, 49,003 f.; total, 83,730 f.
weir°,
VIERZON.—From April 7 to April 13 : Passenger'
42,419 f.; goods, 46,963£:; total, 89,382 f.
re,
BOULOGNE.—From April 7 to April 13: passa"e
19,812 f.; goods, 17,048 f.; total, 35,816 f.
Angel'
NANTES.--From April 5 to April 11 : Passengers
18,169 f.; goods, 15,717 f.; total, 33,886 f.
STRASBURG —From April 9 to April 15: Passe-.nwerh
73,221 f.; goods, 67,747 f.; total, 140,986 f.
BALL—From Mar. 31 to April 6 Passengerilf
18,942 r.; goods, 13,707 f.; t0ta1,32,649f.
MONTEREAIL—From April 2 to April 8: Passenger*
11,207 f.; goods, 13.4071.; total, 24,614 f.
MARSEILLES.—From Mar. 26 to April 1: Passenger*
38,162 f.; goods, 29,602 f.; total, 67,746 f.
LYONS. —From Mar. 30 to April 5 : Passengerh
98,818 f.; goods, 40,472 f.; total, 139,290 f.
CHARTRES.--From Mar. 31 to April 6: Passenger*
24,871 f.; goods, 14,930 E; total, 39,801 f.
[A Leg'

A.DVERTISEMENT.J —Twenty Ulcers on the - -r
a iett
cured by Holloway's Ointment and Pills.— Extract of
from 0. B. Knocler, dated Mount Gambia, South Austrlesa;
July 7, 1.849. To Professor Holloway. Sir,—A casf
just come under my observation in which the efficacy 0' /as
Ointment and Pills has been fully proved. A man ° his
name of Joshua Smith had upwards of twenty ulcers 0° dr
shins, which were so difficult to cure that almost every reolatj
had been applied without any good effect. Your Pilitose
Ointment were then resorted to, and in about six „
was completely cured, and scarcely a mark is now to be seen'
Sold by all druggists, and at Professor Holloway's Estob I
went, 244, Strand, London.

BIRTH&Y.
OF A SOW.
Daher,
•
On the 21st inst., at Eaton- place, the Hon. Mrs. R. --
On the ISth inst., at the Rectory, Barrow, near Chesl;4,
the wife of W. C. Yates, Esq., late Captain Royal Dragoon`
OF A DAUGHTER. wife
On the 20th inst., at Higharn-hill, Walthamstow, the •
w
of F. A. Echalez, Esq.
;fl3 of
On the 20th inst., at Yarborough- villa, Ryde, the W
JJ. F. Wilkinson, Esq.

MARRIED. Igo
On the 17th inst., at St. Mark's, Myddelton-square, -Tone
Minot Acret, Esq., of Branford, Canada West, to "au-
seventh daughter of Mr. Charles Faulkner, of Senn'
terrace, Haverstock Hampstead.

DIED .'
On the 20th inst., at Hamilton-terrace, Greenwich, Lie ut4.
Colonel Joseph Garner, of the Hon. E. I. C. Service, ag,e,d 6
let
of
On the 20th inst., at Ipswich, John Phillips, Esq.,
Camberwell-grove, aged 80.
On the 19th inst., at Cambridge-terrace, Hyde-Park, Df"
Bland, Esq., aged 75.
~„r of
At Ryde, on the 18th inst., Rose Georgina, daughter
Markham, of Becca-hall, Yorkshire, aged 14.
On the 19th inst., at Brookfield, near Arundel,
William Holmes, Esq., awed 71. jj
On the 17th hist. at St. Clement'., Jet y, Charles
Pcingdestre Esq., D aged 51.
London s Printed and Published by MURDO-iV,„Y' -112;
No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun Office, -o°'tv
pf
Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the CO
Wecinodity, April 23,