The Sun.
London, England, 1851-11-05 00:00:00

FINANCES.

The present situationlSa;favourable as can be ex-
pected considering the engagements of the past and the
uncertainties of the future.
The accounts of 1849, which have been submitted to
you, show the definitive wile of this calculation. The
deficit which it burdens on the Treasury exceeds not the
,quotations of the Message of the 12th of November lust.
The decree which shortens by two months the dura-
. .

tion of the finaucild year haw been applied to the receipts
and to the ezi,enditure of 1850, so that somehow it is
easy to ascertain the total. Wo are happy to be able to
say that a surplus Ail! remain after meeting the propo-
sitions of th© Cummittee of the Budget and the Ad-
rainistratii.n.

The Budget of 1830, now preparing, and the defini-
tive results which it will present, will in a great measure
depend on the state of the revenue during the last month
paztr. 1.-7 p to this (ley the collection of impost
certars a satisfactory result.

12th of November, 1850, voted three important laws in
favour of commerce, industry, and navigation:—
The law of the 11th of January, 1851, which has set-
tled the commercial administration of Algeria;
The law of the 13th of June, 1851, w hich remodels the
tariff of sugars—Colonial produce has found in our mar-
kets a more advantageous outlet, without compromising
native industry;
The law of the,22d of July last, for the encouragement
of the great fisheries.
At the same time considerable improvements have
been introduced into our commercial regulations.
The message of the 12th of November, 1850, an-
nounced an inquiry into the state of our mercantile
marine. This has taken place; the documents are now
before enlightened and competent persons, whose labours
will produce some useful reforms, and now, if the As-
sembly will adept the proposition made in the budget of
1852, the coasting trade (Cabatage) will be relieved of
' part of its present burdens.
JUSTICE.

The last Message stated that the Assembly was occu-
pied with three important projects of law:—
The first, relative to judicial organization, is now
being reported.
The second, in hypothecation, will be immediately
submitted to a third reading, and the plc ple will soon feel
the benefit of the new law.
The third, on judicial assistance. This law was
pasted on the 23d of January last.
The Administration has left nothing undone to put

By the same Bill the Government proposes to you
to undertake at the Mouths of the Rhone a system of
works analogous to those which have been attended on
the S, ine with such complete success.
Surveys are going on in the same spirit for the
improvement of tea navigation of tee Loire and the
Garonne.
Among the civil edifices and national palaces which
have been finished in the course of the present year, I
may mention the basins of Vevaillea and Sr. Cloud, the
library of St. Genevieve, the Strop-office, and the resto-
ration cf the salons of the Louvre.
A project of law relative t 3 th© completion of the
Louvre is now preparing, and will be immediately laid
before. you.
For a long time commerce has demanded freedom of
transport with respect to land carriage; and we made
this legitimate concession to public opinion.
Finally, the recent clauses which have given a new
organize ion to the staff of the school of the Fonts et
Chaussees have prepared for the application of laws
relative to the mode of recruiting engineers.
AGRICULTURE AND COMMERCE.

this law into execution. The auxiliary bureaux are now
everywhere open, and the poor as well as the rich can
assert their rights before the tribunals.
The law respecting the marriages of the poor has also
been t,uccessfully applied.
The last Message spoke also of projects of law rela-
tive to the rehabilitation of convicts, and the repression
of crime committed by the French in foreign countries.
They have been submitted to the Council of State,which
is likewise occupied with a proposition, emanating from
the Initiative Committee, on the subject of transporta-
tion. Great difficulties arose as to the appointment of a
place. These seem to be removed, and the law which is
requisite for the peace of society and the reform of con-
victs will soon receive the double examination of the
Council of State and the Assembly.
The administration of justice has been everywhere
prompt and enlightened.
PUBLIC INSTRUCTION AND WORSHIP.

The law of the 15th of March, 1850, on primary in-
struction, has produced the happiest results. The
reetoral administration, being brought nearer to the
establishments, and being aided by the concurrence of
cantonal delegates, has exorcized a most active sur-
veillance.

Toe facility e'rantrd to the contimues of substituting
[n certain cases free schools for public—schools, has not

diminished the number of the latter.
The number of communal schools is increasing. Al
the time when the law was promulgated it was 34,446;
is now 34 939.

l Government has endeavoured to carry out the
wish expressed by the General Council of Arts, Menu-
le.cturee, and Commerce for the establishment of public
competitions, so as to be serviceable in improving our
breed of domestic animals.
To facilitate such, a request for a special appropria-
tion of lands has been introduced into the project for
the budget of 1852.
The Administration has employed special persons to
study various questions of the greatest interest to agri-
culture, and to publish documents on the cultivation of
flex in Belgium and Holland.
An inquiry made into the institutions of landed credit
will by new documents facilitate the study and the dis-
cussion of the project of law on this subject, now sub-
mitted to the deliberation of the Assembly.
The resn!ts of the inquiry on the establishments fcr
agricultural colonisation in Holland, Switzerland, Bel-
gium, and France, have been published.
Special and detailed instructions have been addressed
to tee Pretects to facilitate the execution of the law of
the 20th of March, 1851, which has organised the legal
representation of agricultural industry, and General
Councils have been called to carry out one of its most
important provisions.
Storms and hurricanes at many points of France have
ruined numerous families. To relieve them the Govern-
ment, combining with the efforts of private charity, has,
by a decree of the 27th of August last, raised the mea-
sure of assistance usually awarded in such cases to 7i
per cent.
A combination of events and circumstances, still
fresh in the memory of all, had lowered the prices of
provisions ; but the alteration in some countries of
Europe, particularly England, of the laws affecting corn
have opened new and extensive markets to our agricul-
ture. Since 1849 our exports have received an increase
previously unknown.
The publication of the statistical atlas of the breed of
horses in France is going on with activity, and will
soon show that cur wealth in this article of property is
not less than that of the other nations of Europe.
A decree of the 3d September, 1851, has recognized
the Chambers of Commerce, and by recognizing them as
establishments of public utility, has satisfied one of their
frequently-expressed wishes.
borne events much to be regretted have occasioned
uneasiness with respect to the organization of the Ton-
tine societies and agencie.s. A corn rnlision is about to
revise the statutes for the purpose of introducing all the
improvements and guarantees which belong to the nature
of these establishments.
An administrative ordinance with respect to " benefit
societies" has been published, in execution of the law of
the 15th of July, 1850. It allows them the most per-
fect liberty, excepting as to the necessary guarantees.
The report required by the law will show how far those
societies contribute to the improvement of the indus-
trious classes.
The law of May 4, 1851, has settled the bases of con-
tracts of apprenticeship, to the advantage of industry
and the families of the working classes. Its effects will
be to secure to the apprentice a legal guarantee of in-
struction and morality, without infringing on the free-
dom of labour and the rights of the family.
A decree of the 17th of last May has determined the
exceptions to the law of the 9th of September, 1848,
which limited the duration of factory labour to twelve
hours. The Government trusts that it has justified the
confidence placed in it by the Legistature.
The advances made by certain employers to their
workmen have often rendered repayment impossible, by
engaging the workmen for an unlimited period. The
law of the 21st of last May, by reducing authorised ad-
vances to 301., has reconciled the rights of labour with
the respect due to contracts.
The project of law concerning manufactory marks,
important to industry and commerce, has already been
examined by the Council of State, and will soon be
submitted to the Assembly.
The decree of the 24th of December, has laid down
the basis for a new organisation of the sanitary service
on the sea coast. This organization, which is simpler
and more in harmony with our general administrative
system, has been carried and put in practice in the course
of the present year.
By an order, delegates from Foreign Powers, chosen
from the consular and medical corps, are now pre-
paring, at t Paris, the scheme of an uniform regulation
for all the countries situated on the coast of the Medi-
The amount of our exports shows the activity given
to our manufactures, and the results obtained since the
last message show how French industry, in the midst of
difficult
circumstances and incessant competition, has
triumphed over obstacles and extended its outlets.
hasThheeesnupceorinfieret y.,doforcertain branches of our industry
by revealede by the London Exposi-
tion, as is provednumerous prizes awarded to
our exhibitors. In fact, proportionately
it is
noaoceeronhcloausntrie a, including
gained more than all
England herself. And
nbyedotubriswsourckcsesosf
art, taste, and luxury that we have obtained
Our machines, our scientific instruments, our chemical'
products, our works in copper and hardware, as well as
our preparations of our raw material, and our fabrics and
dyes, have earned for us an honourable distinction.
The Universal Exposition will have added a glorious
chthiantdustry.
legislation may be ie
annalsAs
soefmFhrleyn,
page
The tthe
National
harmony with this remarkable progress, has, since the

Dina taxes are being paid with great promptness.
They present an improvement even on the favourable
situation of last I ear. The indirect taxes suffer from the
want of confilensa in the future.
Tie indir.ct imposts feel the effect of the want of con-
fide:ice in Ow future, without, however, any diminution
upon the totality of the receipts anticipated by the Bud-
get being as yes produced.
The loss experienced under some branches of the re-
venue,__ especially registration dues, is compensated by
the amount of the taxes on consumption—a circumstance
Which establishes the welfare and. employment of the
moritthnumerous classes.
diminution of the produce of the Customs does
not disclosea any grievous symptom: compensated for, as
- far a concerns colonial sugar, by the increase in the
amount received from indigenous sugar, it may, in other
"'Teets, be explained by the effects of the law of the 11th
of January last, whieh regulated the economic relations
of Algeria an
garia our African France, and the benefits of which, as re-
recisions, will be increased by the
recent institution of
anticipated
of credit. There
is nothing in
d results which is not con-
formable with the genertrie:prests of the country.
The sustained progress
"
_exportations in every
thei
class has had the effect of balancing, rehosmpeectmtaorkoeutr.
branches of industry, the slaokne esins ifif
The high 6g ere which they have attained in late years,
compared with the amount of irnro
accounts
for the affluence of the precious metals into oar 's
ur country.
This increase of exports is so much the m
secure for
the future, inasmuch as it is founded on the progressive
advance of civilization.
Upon the whole, the budget of 1851 will afford results
almost in conformity with what was anticipated.
They ex traordinary public works executed in 1850
000 f
and in 1851 involve en expense of 172,000,. The
deficits of those two years are far from amounting to that
sum, and the expenditure for public works will only in
part be a charge upon the future.
.nPeace and order have especially the effect of ameliorat-
ing condition of the labourious classes, and thielamc•
aton 1* proved by the state of the deposits in the
savingsduring Ifund. The deposits of this kind have increased
with
aBsiod,i and during the six first months of 1851
this statepof things
observable at any other period. But
in conjunction wnltshhad its dangers, and the Assembly,
prevent them, by l the. Government, has endeavoured to
June last, the interestsP of those justly popular acing, *sough the law of the 30th of
lions in accordance
with the interests of thepuslatration.stit.l-

*Account of the Imports and Exports for the years
1342, 1849, and 1850 (real value.)
_
1849—Imports, 4-74,259,753 f , xports, 689,994,7191.;
Value of tsrnaual excw. of Exports over6B99l4n;p7ol9rtf.s,
215 734.966 f.
port
1849—Imports, 724,118,975 c.; Ex s, 937,949,592 f.;
Value of annu.ll (motes of Exports over Imports,
213,830,617 f.
18x 13,83
790,666,634 E; Exports, 1,068,129 1 8f
ITaale aL1.11.1611 excess oz Exports, over Imports,
277,435 564 f.
Total annual VAlilA for the three years—lmports,
1,989,1145 362 L; Exporti. 2C96,066 509%
•
; a Ue of
Call U3l QX.:',Uxi kApor;, over Imports, 707,021,147 t
Ac-,:oriing to the reault of the nine firs', uton.he of
MA the exuets of the v•!lue of exports over imports
wood be for the —ear cque!) and even hic,re thau that
of 1850,

f Sections opened in 1851:
On the lino of Strasburg ... 210 kilometres
Lyons ... ... 118
Bordeaux ... 101 --
Nantes ... ... 87

Total ••• •• • 516
SGetions to be opened in 1852:—
On the line t .strlisbarg ... 161
Bordeaux ••• 133
-- The West ... 36 --

... ... 330

LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 51 labl.

sues with energy all attempts to propagate michievous

doctrines.
The distribution of the indemnity regulated by a de-
cree of November 24, 1849, is now everywhere com-
pleted. A law of the 30th of July, 1850, hastened the
advantages arising from this measure, by deciding that
the certificates of liquidation, delivered to the respec-
tive claimants, should be immediately exchanged at the
Treasury for coupons de rentes. The inscriptions which
have at present been delivered represent a mass of about
two million of rentes—that is to say, a third of theltotal

indemnity.
The colonial banks, organized by the law of the 11th
of July last, are in a position to bring forth those fruits
which are expected of them. The internal administra-
tion of the colonies, their legislative and financial con-
stitution, celled for a:fresb organization, in harmony with
the principles established bysthe Constitution. A Bill,
prepared to meet this object, has peen presented to the
Assembly; a body of regulations, embracing every de-
partment of the financial administration of the colonies,
and their public accounts, is already prepared, and will
be in a state to follow immediately the voting of the

two-thirds of whom are peaceful inhabitants of the
country. What has been the result? Why, that this im-
mense exclusion has served as a pretext to the a narchist
party, who cloak their detestable designs beneath the
appearance of a right withdrawn and to be reco:aquered.
Too weak in numbers to take possession of society by
their votes, they hope, under favour of the genera). emo-
tion and the decline of the powers of the State to
kindle in several points of France at once troubles,
which would be quelled no doubt, but which. would
throw us into fresh complications. Independently of
these dangers the low of the 31st of May presents as an
electoral law grave inconveniences. I have never ceased
to believe that a day would come when it would be
my duty to propose its repeal. Defective when applied
to the election of an Assembly, it is still more so in the
case of nominating a President ; for though a res ideuce
of three years in a commune may have appeared a
guarantee of discernment imposed on electors in the
knowisdge of those who are to represent them, so long
a term of residence cannot be considered necessary for
the appreciation of the candidate destined to the go-
vernment of France.
Another serious objection is this—the Constitution re-
quires for the validity of the election of a President by
the people at least 2,000,000 of suffrages, and if this
number is not collected, the right of election is con-
ferred on the Assembly. The Constituent Assembly
had therefore decided that, out of 10,000,000 voters in-
scribed on the lists, one-fifth was sufficient to render the
election valid.
At the present time, the number of electors being re-
duced to 7,000,000, to require 2,000,000 is to invert the
proportion,—that is to say, it is to demand almost one-
third, instead of one-fifth, and thus in a certain eventu-
ality to take the election out of the hands of the people
to give it to the Assembly. It is, therefore, positively
changing the conditions of eligibility of the President of
the Republic.
Lastly, I call your particular attention to another rea-
son which, perhaps, may prove decisive.
The re-establishment of universal suffrage on its prin-
cipal basis furnishes an additional chance of obtaining
the revision of the constitution. You have not for-
gotten why the adversaries of this revision refused
last session to vote for it. They urged this argu-
ment, which they knew how to render specious :
" The constitution, " said they, " which is the work
of an assembly taking its rise in universal suffrage,
cannot be modified by an assembly issuing from a re-
stricted suffrage." W hether or not this be a real motive
or a pretext only, it is exps client to set it aside and to be
able to say to those who would bind the country down to
an immutable constitution,—Beloved :universal suffrage
re-established, the majority of the Assembly supported
by 2,000,000 of petitioners, by the greater number of the
councils of arrondissements, and almost unanimously by
the councils-general, demands the revision of the funda-
mental compact. Have you less confidence than we in
the expression of the popular will? The question,
therefore, may be thus stated to all who desire a pacific
solution to the difficulties of the day.—
The law of the 31st of May has its imperfections,
but even were it perfect, should it not, nevertheless, be
repealed if it is to prevent the revision of the Constitu-
tion, the manifested wish of the country?
It is objected, I am aware, that on my part these
proposals are inspired by personal interest. My conduct
for the last three years ought to repel such an allega-
tion. The welfare of the country, I repeat, will always
be the sole moving spring of my conduct. I believe it
my duty to propose every means of conciliation, and to
use every effort to bring about a pacific, regular, and
legal solution, whatever may be its issue.
Thus then, gentlemen, the proposal I make to you is,
neither a piece of party tactics, nor an egotistical calcu-
lation, nor a sudden resolution ;—it is the result of
serious meditation, and of a profound conviction Ido
not pretend that this measure will banish all the diffi-
culties of the situation. But to each day its appointed
task.
To-day to re-establish universal suffrage is to deprive
civil war of its ensign, the Opposition of its last argu-
ment. It will bo to furnish France with the possibility
of giving itself institutions which may ensure its repose.
It will be to give back in future to the powers of the
State that metal force which can only exist so long as
it reposes on a consecrated principle and sin incontestable
authority.
Receive, gentlemen, the assurance of my high esteem,
LOUIS NAPOLEON BONAPARTE.
Elysee National, Nov. 4.

NORWICH.

and Dec. 5, at one, within the Royal Exchange Coffee-
house, Edinb❑rgh.
R. Burns, Glasgow, commission merchant, to meet
Nov. 7 a❑d 28, at one, withut the Buck's Head Hotel,
Glasgow.
PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED.

J. H. Pope and H. Daubeny, Manchester-square,
surgeons—T. Mills and T. Gittins, Whitby, marine
store dealers—Elizabeth Martin and Harriet Honey-
man, Fenchurch-street, confectioners—T. Shepherd and
T. Simpson, Beverley, attorneys—J. Raddenberry and
T. Raddenberry, Bristol, florists—G. Wolstenholme and
R. Ashworth, Pilkington, Lancashire, drill manufac-
turers—W. Gunner, C. J. Gunner, T. J. Ridge, and T.
Fox, Bishop's Waltham, bankers—S. Halliday, W.
Spencer, and J. Cockroft, Halifax, silk dressers—T.
Noble and C. Emmott, St. Katharine's Docks--J. Daly
and C. H. Preston, Manchester, flooreloth manufac-
turers—H. W. Bucknall and W. Spark, Bristol, litv,n-
drapers—M. Lee and S. Whiteley, Batli,y, Yorkshire,
woollen manufacturers—M. Silverton, P. F. Baum, and
F. Brach, Lombard-street, money changers—G. Rowe,
sen., a Rowe, jun., and A. Rowe, Upminster, Essex,
shoemakers—S. Prosser and J. Prosser, High Holborn,
shell fishmongers—J. 0. Eve and T. Phythian, West
Strand and King William-street, tea dealers.

LAW INTELLIGENCE•

COURT OF APPEAL IN CHANCERY, Nov. 4.
(Before the Lords Justices.)
Their Lordships sat at eleven o'clock in the new
dining-hall, in Lincoln's-inn.

THE ATTORNEY GENERAL V. THE CORPORATION 0?

This motion to discharge an injunction granted by
the late Vice-Chancellor of England in May, 1848, was
opened yesterday in Westminster, and was now resumed.
The injunction restrained the corporation, treasurer,
and town clerk of Norwich, from applying any part of
the borough fund or the tonnage dues to the expe❑ses
of prosecuting a Bill in Parliament to clear or to widen
the river Winstaus, running between Norwich and Yar-
mouth. The length of the river between the two towns
is 32 miles, of which 20 miles are within the county of
the city of Norwich, and on the ground that the cleans-
ing and dredging of the river would be of great benefit
to the people of Norwich, by facilitating the navigation
from Yarmouth, the corporation thought they were jus-
tified in applying the borough fund to the expenses of
obtaining the Act. Some of the inhabitants of Norwich
thought differently, and at their relation an information
was filed by the Attorney-General, and on that informa-
tion the injunction was founded.
Mr. Stuart, Mr. Lee, and Mr. Brooksbank were beard
in support of the motion to dissolve the injunction.
They contended that the deepening of the river, being
for the benefit of the inhabitants, the borough fund was
a proper source- to resort to for the expenses. It was a
delicate matter for the Court to interfere to stop an ap-
plication to Parliament, where all matters ariAng in an
application for a Bill could be better discussed than in
this court.

Lord Justice K. BRUCE observed that the injunction
did not prevent the application to Parliament; it only
said the application should not be at the expense of the
trust fund. He referred to the Municipal Corporation
Act, sth and 6th William IV.,cap. 76, and sec. 92, which
did not mention any payments like those out of the bo-
rough fund.
The counsel for the corporation argued that the bo-
rough fund was liable to many payments not stated in
that section.

Mr. Bethel!. Mr. Walker, and Mr. Rogers were heard
in support of the injunction.
Lord Justice KNIGHT BRUCE said that ho and Lord
Cranworth were of opinion that, without prejudice to
any question of costs, the motion should be refu,:ed. All
of them clearly saw the distinction that the corporation
were not restrained from applying to haliament, but
such application was not to be at the cost of the trusts
fund.