The Sun.
London, England, 1856-01-16 00:00:00

DISTRICT BRAILOW.

The Brailow police reports, under date March 23,
1855, that a certain Jonitza Angel had been murdered
by Austrian soldiers near the Church of St. George ;
further, two shopmen had received ♦arious wounds from
an Austrian soldier on occasion of their asking for pay-
ment of goods they had bought. Another person was
found by the police on the place of the street Papa Ra-
dou, murdered and robbed by Austrian soldiers.
Other police reports, sent in from Tirgowischt and other
places, showed similar acts of brutal violence and injury
done to limbs, and property, from mere reckless love of
mischief and destruction.
The above are extracted from a large number of re-
ports sent in by the various authorities in Wallachia.
The following is an official statement of the outbreak
that took place in the Tower of Fokschan, on the border
of Wallachia and Moldavia, and which was consider-
able enough to give rise to widely-extended reports of a
general rising against the Austrians. The Austrian gar-
rison of Fokschan consists of Croat infantry and Hun-
garian cavalry. The manner in which these men con-
duct themselves passes belief—they behave like wild
hordes. There is not the slightest trace of discipline,
and the me❑ recognise no authority.
November 20, in the forenoon, there was a regular
fight on the open market-place between Austrian sol-
diers and about 200 of the people. The former fought
with their bayonets, the latter with cudgels and sticks.
At length an officer appeared with a patrol, and sent
the men back into their quarters. The case of this row
was this :—Austrian soldiers had forced their way into a
tavern kept by one Demeter Breteano, and bad stolen
there everything they could lay their hands upon. The
landlord resisted, and, on his cries for help, others had
come in to his assistance, and thus the fight commenced.
The landlord received two stabs with the bayonet. On
the evening of the same day Austrian soldiers entered
the house of the first named Hagi-Koloi, and endea-
voured to take forcible possession of his stables. Koloi
asked them if they had billets on him. Without giving
him any answer they rushed on him with drawn sabres.
The merchant let them enter his warehouse, and then
found his own safety in flight. After half-an-hour the
local authorities appeared and found Koloi, half dead
with fright, hidden tinder a sofa. The soldiers that
prowl about the town at night for the purpose of robbing
and plundering for the most part wear no uniforms, for
the purpose of avoiding detection. The Austrians
have got a very large stable and immense stores of straw
collected in the centre of the town. On the 21st a
wooden staff was brought to the prefecture, bound round
with cloth or other stuff, and saturated with pitch ;
this had been picked up in the street in the imme-
diate vicinity of the stable. The greatest apprehensions
of a conflagration are entertained in the town.

LettPrs from Jassy of December 22 mention that the
winter h.d brought with it a most unusual severity of
coll. On the 16th the Reaumur thermometer showed
16 deg. of cold, and on the 20th there were 23 de;T.,—
that is to say, 25 deg. Fahrenheit below zero. Ever
since the 16th of December the Danube had been firmly
frozen over, and all communications between the two
banks take place over the ice.

PAUPER FUNERALS- Ci)NDUCT OF
OFFICIAL.Y4 AND TIM RELATIVES OF
THE POOR.

Yesterday, at a meeting of the directors of the poor
of St. Pancras, held at the Vestry-hall, Camden-town—
Henry Farrer, Esq., senior churchwarden, in the chair,
The CHAIRMAN presented a communication, which had
been referred to the board of directors by the Burial
Board, addressed by the Rev. Mr. Wilkinson, the chap•
lain of St. Pancras Cemetery, at Finchley, to the chair-
man of the Burial Board, the Rev. Thos. Dale, M.A.,
the vicar, with respect to the conduct of the officials
and the relatives of deceased paupers on the way to and
at the cemetery: —Mr. Wilkinson stated that on the pre-
vious Tuesday the hoarse and the covered cart, provided
by the board for the c mveyance of the relatives of the
deceased parties as mourners, did not arrive at the
ground till 20 minutes after their time—a circumstance
of little importance if the delay had been accidental,
but it appeared that they stopped at the White Lion
public-houee for drink, and whilst he (the rev. chaplain),
Mr. Kissick, the superintendent, and the gravediggers
were waiting for the arrival of the bodies for interment
and to perform the service, coachmen, undertakers, and
mourners were all seen together carousing at the road-
side inn. This was the less excusable, as they are allowed
an hour after the solemnisation of the funerals for refresh-
ment, a privilege they seldom omit to avail themselves of.
Mr. Wilkinson proceeded to remark, "I may be excused
for saying that this matter deserves attention just now,
as the board have authorised the use of a conveyance for
mourners to the cemetery. This is a humane plan, but
the Marylebone authorities adopted a similar scheme,
and were obliged to discontinue it in consequence of the
mourners stopping at public-houses on the way, for
drink. Mr. Fiddler's (the workhouse undertaker's)
character, I may add, is such, that a few words of ad-
monition from those who employ him would be desirable,
for his general behaviour, while in the cemetery, is far
from satisfactory, and on two or three occasions he has
conducted himself so improperly that I have been com-
pelled to expostulate with him, and make him promise
to behave more decently for the future."
Mr. Churchwarden FartnEtt said the vicar had read
this (letter at a meeting of the Burial Board, held at
Finchiey, on the previous day, and that portion which
came under the cognisance of the board of directors had
been referred to them. It would seem that the effect of
providing conveyance for the relatives of deceased poor
to follow their friends as mourners had been productive
of another evil, that of drunkenness. (Hear, hear.) He
had directed the attendance of Mr. Fiddler, the parish
undertaker, and thought the subject was one which
ought at once to be investigated and dealt with by the
board. (Hear, hear.)
Mr. FIDDLER was called before the board, and said,
although an inmate of the workhouse, he had acted as
undertaker for the interment of the poor from the house
for many years.
The CHAIRMAN—In what capacity do you go with the
deceased poor from this house to the cemetery at
Finchley?
Mr. FIDDLER—That's just what I want to know.
(Laughter.)
CHAIRMAN—What situation do you consider yourself
as holding ?
Mr. FIDDLER—I consider myself the parish under-
taker, and I look after the bodies.
boaMrdr, rigidly interrogated Mr. DYKE, and other members of the
errogated Mr. Fiddler as to the occa-
sion when they were discovered carousing on the way at
the road•side inn ; but for a long while he was exceed.
ingly oblivious upon the point, but ultimately confessed
that he had no control over the driver of the hearse, who
was employed by the contractors, Messrs. Bennicke and
Co., to take the bodies down. He never stopped at the
public-house to drink of his own accord, but did not object
to a glass, if the other parties stopped and asked him to
take one. Re knew what was meant by his miscon-
ducting himself in the cemetery. It was when they took
two hearse-loads of bodies down instead of one, and Mr.
Kissick was very cross at not receiving notice of so
many bodies coming. He recollected he did swear a

The CHAIRMAN said it appeared that Mr. Fiddler did
not know what capacity he filled—whether the under-
taker, the driver, or the horse, when he went to Finch.
ley—and that he would more properly be called Mr.
Puddler than Mr. Fiddler.
It3was ultimately resolved, on the motion of Mr. T1:31-
.NER, seconded by Mr. GOULDING, " That Messrs. Ben-
uicke, the contractors for the funerals of the poor to the
cemetery, be written to, complaining of the conduct of
their drivers in stopping at public-houses on the way to
the cemetery, contrary to the directions of and agree-
ment with the board."
Mr. Fiddler was then severely admonished as to his
future conduct both at the cemetery and on his way,
and ordered to report any attempt, either on the part
of the coachmen or mourners, to stop at public-houses
on their way with the funerals of the poor.
Mr. PRIESTMAN, the dispenser at the workhouse, hav-
ing tendered his resignation of that office, it was ac-
cepted, sad the board, alter some routine business, sepa.
sated,

,
' .
LORD STRATFORD DE REDCLiFFE AND
THE FALL OF KARS.,

( Prom the Times of this day.)

't

In another fortnight Parliament will meet, after
a recess crowded with momentous incidents. It
will be the lot of the Legislature to discuss the past
and future campaigns, to examine the causes of
success or failure, to suggest rewards for eminent
services, or to demand inquiry into alleged neglects.
In such circumstances we can no longer delay men-
tion of a subject which occupies the minds of those
conversant with Eastern affairs. We have before
alluded to the transactions connected with the siege
of Kars, and to the comments made on the conduct
of Lord Stratford de Redcliffe, •the British Ambas-
sador at Constantinople. The great calamity which
has befallen the Turkish arms has given to these
events a vast importance, and we should hot ill
perform our duty if we concealed the fact that the
neglect and abandonment of the British officers and
the troops they so ably led are Spoken of and attri-
buteddefence of is now so
.by persons wellinformed on the matter to
personal feeling on the part of the Ambassador
well
knowntowards t he
inn e co EnglishGeneralnc t
the place. The matter is notorious to all acquainted
with the Turkish capital, and not entirely unknown
connection with a whose
long name
to the world in general, although the formalities of
political discussion have generally precluded any
allusion to it in Parliament or the press.
It may ho said, then, that it is the misfortune of
Lord Stratford to live in a state of dissension with
almost every man with whom he is brought into
contact. Although his age and position aro suffi-
cient to insure due respect, and those who approach
him have no wish to be on other than amicable
terms, yet few can hope long to escape some out-
break of his violent and groundless ill-will. He
lives in an atmosphere of antipathies, and, accus-
tomed during so many years to intercourse with
Turkish officials and to the deference of Levantine
society, he is impatient of any demur to what he
conceives his authority. The disregard of his advice,
or even the differing from his opinion, is enough to
kindle a dislike which may last for years. Such is
the man to whom the British Government has
committed the care of its interests in the East.
Turkish ways are not as our ways, and a Minister
at home must naturally leave all dealings with this
unknown world to the representative and his staff
of Orientalists and dragomans. A British Ambassa-
dor can by a word enforce attention to a request of
his Government, or mark it out for neglect. " I
am to lay this communication before you—do not
ask my opinion of it, decide for yourselves," is
sufficient to insure the rejection or evasion of a
demand, even though it emanated from the Foreign-
office itself, for the Porte will fancy that it was
never meant to be acceded to, and will, with ready
duplicity, acquiesce in the stratagem. Hence it is
evident that the whole power of the country he re-
presents must be wielded personally by a represen-
tative in the East. Now, the statements to which
we wish to call attention are as follows :—General
Williams, who had been formerly employed on Ilse
Turco-Persian Boundary Commission, and had
some acquaintance with the people and language of
Asiatic Turkey, was in 1851 selected as British
Commissioner to the Ottoman army in Armenia.
The Turks had been defeated in five battles, and
their force was completely disorganised. It was
thought that the experience of General Williams
might be of service in the reconstitution of the
army and the defence of the threatened provinces.
He was distinguished chiefly by a quiet, un-
assuming disposition, so much so that few of his
friends gave him credit for the resolution and
sternness which he displayed in the defence and
government of Kars. It is difficult, therefore, to
conceive the grounds of the Ambassador's alleged
dislike, except it be that General Williams received
his appointment front the Foreign-office, and not
through the representations of Lord Stratford.
But this dislike seems to have been not
only felt, but expressed ; the Ambassador is
said to have, in his usual manner, proclaimed his
resentment and his purposed retaliation. One thing
is clear—that ho would in no way assist the now
British Commissioner, even in the most formal
manner. General Williams had to go up to the
seat of war unrecommended and unaccredited by
the representative of his country. With men like
the Turkish commanders this was a sufficient hint,
and the General's difficulties wore no doubt vastly
increased. However, ho applied himself to his task,
took a note of deficiencies, saw how corruption and
cowardice had worked, and was soon intent on a

thorough reform. His official position was strictly
only that of adviser ; he could do nothing but by
the Turkish Government, and. hiS only instrument
must be the representations of the Amlaassador.
He accordingly wrote to Lord Stratford, entreat-
ing his assistance in laying before the Porte the
impending danger and the necessity of action. The
fact which we will now state is almost incredible,
but wo believe that it is true beyond a doubt. Tho
Ambassador would hold no communication with
General Williams. Ho would not answer, ho

would not, acknowledge the receipt, of a single de-
spatch. It is said that not less than 63 despatches
and letters were sent by the British Commissioner,
and to no one of these would the Ambassador re-

ply. He world have nothing to do with General
Williams or his affairs. Among the most pressing
wants was that of ammunition. General Williams

wrote, it is said, repeatedly on this subject, but
received no answer, and nothing was done. When
Kars surrendered there was only three days' am-
munition in the place, although it had to sustain
no regular siege. This fact was successfully con-
cealed from the Russians, or it might have saved
them a long and wearisome blockade. At last,
lye believe, General Williams made a com-
plaint to the Foreign-office, which in turn
directed Lord Stratford's attention to the
matter, and requested him no longer to ne-
glect the representations of the Commissioner.
Lord Stratford ungraciously obeyed, corresponded
formally with General Williams, but the requests
of the latter were to the last ineffectual.

General Williams, making the hest of his narrow
means, fortified the two chief cities of Armenia,
and took his stand at Kars, the frontier fortress of
the province. Men, provisions, ammunition, wore
alike deticient—the troops were in a miserable
condition. One of the matters urged on the Am-
bassador by General Williams was a payment, at
least in part, of the arrears due to them. Those in
Kars had not received a piaster for three years when
the place fell, and their clothes were worn out long
before their stomachs were pinched. The request,
it is needless to say, was unnoticed by Lord Strat-
ford. The men were much cast down and discon-
tented as far as it is in the nature of the Mussul-
man to be. But when Mouravieff surrounded the
place, the energies of both Englishmen and Turks
were roused. Neglected, insulted, abandoned,
General Williams determined to resist to the last.
His officers staunchly stood by him. That these
brave men should feel no pang of resentment to-
wards him whose causeless animosity they believe
to have been their ruin, would be perhaps more
than can be hoped from human nature. If any-
thin,, however, could add to their indignation, it
would be to find that after the place was invested,
after the defence had begun to enlist the sympa-
thies and rouse the admiration of the world, the
Ambassador suddenly changed his tone, gave an
oair ofm sera
to
ner the unfortunate cordialityf to his despatches, expressed his
General and
his Staff, and talked of his constant exertions for
their safety ! But we have said enough. An in-
quiry into these things must take place at an early
IdBasy4.
will,T lenocorrespondence
edsi
for.nc e
Forth the
the p
autumnresenotf
we leave the matter, in the full hope that justice
will be done.

MR. COBDEN.:----Were Mr. Cobden to ask iss, " What
next !" in reference to himself, we should reply, " Re-
sign your seat for the West Riding of Yorkshire, the
opinion of whose inhabitants you no longer represent."
—Sheffield Times.
[ADVRETIFIRMENT.I---SIGIIT AND HEARING.—DEAFNEss iND
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others, to surpass anything of the kind that has been, or
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hear distinctly at church and at public assemblies ; the
impaired is
un-
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e bit. he ©coming
oamfgi ie.
endqguent changes
of further powerful assistance.
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Royal Letters Patent for valuable and
suthszeffects
magnify-
ing
Nth': edr—anagnerdo,
extraordinary improvements in the most powerful and
By ber Majesty
brilliant Telescopes, Camp, Racecourse, Opera, and Per-
spective Glasses, to know the distances of objects viewed
through theni—of great importance to the army, navy,
and others. These telescopes possess such extraordinary
Powers that some three and a-half inches, with an extra eye.
piece, sill show distinctly Jupiter's moons, Saturn's ring,
and the double stars ; with the same telescope can he
seen a person's countenance three miles and a half distant
and au object from 16 to 20 miles. They are of larger aid al/
sizes, with increasing powers accordingly ; while their vary-
ing from 4 to 6 inches enable us to discover more than the
above, and the Georglan,'with his 6 satellites, &c.—Ths Royal
Exhibition, 1851.—Valiiable, newly-invented, very small,
powerful waistcoat-pocket glass,the size of a walnut, by which
a person can be seen and known 112- miles distant ; they answer
every purpose on the race-course, and at the opera houses,
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. They are invaluable for shooting, deer-stalking, yachting, to
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- power.-39, Albemarle-street, Piccadilly. Observe—opposite
1 the Yerk hotel.

Ta E SU N, TO ARRIVE THE SA ME
EVENING, supplied to any STATION on the EAST ERN
COUNTIES RAILWAY, Carriage Free, by CLAYTON and SON.
General Newspaper add Advertising Agents, 265, Strand, Lon don.

THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE.
Lessee. Mr. E. T. Smith.
THIS EVENING,
THE GREAT GUN TRICK.
After which,
HEY DIDDLE DIDDLE; er, Harlequin King Nonsense and the
Seven Ages of Man.

THEATRE ROYAL, HA.YMARKET.
Under the Management of Mr. Bnckstone.
THIS EVENIYO,
THE LITTLE TREASURE.
Alter *Which the New Comic Christmas Pantomime, entitled
THE BU TTERFLY'S BALL AND THE GRASSHOPPER'S
FE &ST ; or, Harlequin and the Genies if the Sprin.

To c n lude with
ONLY A HALFPENNY.

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET.
Under the Management of Mr. CnAnna UAL
THIS EVENING,
The Tragedy of HAMLET,
Hamlet by Mr. C. Kean.
After which,
HARLEQUIN AND THE MAID AND THE MAGPIE ; or, the
Fairy Farad's& and Hanky Panty, the Enchanter.
Harlequin, Mr. Cormaek ; Clown, Mr. 'Leine; Pantaloon, Mr.
Pan!.; and Columbine, Miss Caroline Adams.

THEATRE ROYAL ADELPHT.

proprietor, Mr. N. Webster.—Directress, Madame Celeste.
THIS EVENING,
DOMESTIC ECONOMY.

after which,

URGENP PRIVATE AFFAIRS.

To conclude with

JACK AND THE BEAN STALK; or, Harlequin and Mother

G 0036 at Home Again.

In which Messrs. J. Bland, P. Bedford, Madame Celeste, Miss
Wyndham, and Miss E. Arden will apAear.

ROYAL SURREY THEATRE.

Lessees, Messrs. Shepherd and Creswiek.

THIS EVENING
PARIS IN 1792.

To conclaate with
A PRINCg or PZARLS ; or, trarieluin and Jane Shore.

ROYAL STRAND THEATRE.

Under the direction of Mr: Payne.
THIS EVENING,

VIE HOLLY TREE INN.

To conclude with

MARLEQUIN AL ACK-ETED SUE ; or, All in the Downs and
Davy Jones's Locker.

ROYAL OLY %EPIC THEATRE.
Lessee and Manager. Mr. Alfred Wigan.
TED:A EVENING.
TO OBLIGE BENSON,

in which Messrs. Emery, F. Robson, Leslie, and Miss F. Ternan
will appear.
To be followed by
THE WELSH GIRL.

After which will be produced a New and doubly moral, though
es,essively Melodramatre Fairy Extravaganza, entitled
T riE DISCREE3 PRINCESS; o-, the Three Glass Distaffs.
In which Messrs. Emery, F. Robson, 11. Cooper, Miss Marstoi,
and Mica Maakell will appear.