The Sun.
London, England, 1856-11-24 00:00:00

LONDON MONDAY EVETANG. NOV_EmBER, ,24, 1856.

of the Karadagh, and anxiously watched the approach of
the Russian hosts, like the Romans of old scanning the
advance of the Ptreseise ermiee from the Tarpeian rock.
(A pplatiee.) Peasants were seen httrriedly driVing Iti their
cattle, sued in the distance appeared the dark array of the
slowly moving host,. Folloveibt this fidinirably equipped
army wits seen aieether army of arabas and country carts:
In adVabee Wore skirmishing Cossacks and Circassians, who
Were driving in the Turkish cavalry outposts. Nothing
could be finer than the spectacle which thus presented
itself. Let the audience picenre to themselves .a broad
grassy plain, enamelled with flowers of every bile, and the
Cossacks and Circassians fighting with the Arab, Kurdish,
Turkish, and irregular cavalry—the whole forming a scene
such as oftentimes had been witnessed on the plains of
Palestine in the time of the Crusaders. (Hear, hear.) 2,rou-
ravieff brought up his army to within distant range of
their artillery, and whilst the Turkish cavalry were re-
treating, a splendid charge was made right up to the
gates and breastworks in the hope of entering in the con-
fusion ; but the heavy guns opened fire, and the riflemen
singled out the Russian horsemen, by which the attempt
was completely frustrated. In half an hour the Russian
army retrograded, and in the afternoon resumed his for-
mer position. On the following
morning the Russian
army was again put in motion, but this time they turned
southward, and after some hour's march encamped to the
south of our position, and pitched their tents before Kars.
While thus watching them, night set in with a heavy rain.
For hours our camp was flooded by a perfect deluge, and
the Russians were immovable. Meantime partiesof irregu-
lar Lazistan riflemen kent coming into the city to take part
in the defence. On the 26th June the alarm gun was fired,
the citizens hurried to their posts, the reserves stood to
their arms in the centre of the camp,
and all was prepared.
Two columns were observed advancing towards us—one,
consisting of two battalions of infantry, five squadrons of
cavalry, and one battery, was directed towards HafizPacha
tabia ; the other, of one regiment of Cossacks and a cloud
of irregular cavalry, on Kanti tabia. We of course expected
an attack, but after waiting for five or six hours and watch-
ing the enemy manoeuvre, we saw them quietly retire, after
having, with great skill, come all but within cannon shot.
We rode over the ground when the Russians had retired,
and found sundry heaps of broken champagne bottles. They
had actually had a grand picnic under our batteries. (Laugh-
ter.) And so ended the second reconnaissance tie force. On
the 28th of June, a s we were peering with our glasses through
the faint dawn of the morning towards the Russian camp,
we observed the tents bad disappeared, and the whole army
was under arms. While watching them, we saw the
columns form and begin to march westward. They en•
camped on the banks of the Kars Chai. On the following
morning we heard of the destruction of all the stores of
corn which had been left at Yeni Keni, about 30 miles off.
Here were provisions that might have kept us about two
months, and which could, at the proper time, have easily
been conveyed into the garrison. This accident was
purely the result of the wilful apathy and carelessness of
the Pacha of Kars. (Hear.) And now ensued a long
pause from active operations on the part of the enemy, and
time hung monotonously on all hands. On the 13th July
another reconnaissance took place, and on the day follow.
ing the whole Russian cavalry manoeuvred, some strong
regiments passing round our position, while numerous irre-
gular skirmishers captured a number of our grass-cutters
and some herds of cattle, which we could ill spare. After
this time we were fairly invested, cavalry camps were
stationed north, south, east, and west, at precisely such a
distance as to be able to assist each other if attacked by a
superior force, or to allow of any of our men being intercepted
by the whole Russian army should we send out any de-
tached corps to attack any of these isolated Russian camps.
Soon after this event we made a most disheartening dis-
covery. Salib Agha, the chief of the stores, had been giv-
ing in false returns of barley, and he was now obliged to
confess that he had no more to issue. Here was our first
great calamity, and all arising from the cupidity and pecu-
lation of this official. What was to become of our artillery
horses ? what of our cavalry ? The latter certainly were of
little use, but the former were indispensable. In the face
of this calamity General Williams immediately organised
bands of grass-cutters, and had all the hay and barley within
reach cut and stacked ; besides which he bad relays of
cavalry and artillery horses sent out to graze. About this
time we heard that some English officers had landed at
13atoum, and that the march of troops from that place
had been countermanded. So we concluded that some diver-
sion was to be attempted in that quarter. Our Lazistan
allies now began to show evident signs of discontent and
insubordination. On Aug. 6, after having been kept for
some days in profound ignorance of Mouravieff's move-
ments, we heard to our consternation that he had marched
on to Eizeroum with a large division of his army, leaving
a force still sufficient to blockade us. We waited with in-
tense anxiety to know the result of this movement. If Erze-
roum were taken, Kars was assuredly doomed, for Moura-
vieff could then bring an overpowering force of siege artil-
lery. After two days a serjeant was sent in from Veli
Pacha, who commanded the force of 5,000 men at Topra-
kale. He had retired to the formidable entrenchments pre-
pared for him by Gen. Williams, five miles south of Erze-
roum, and there he awaited the approach of Mouravieff,
who, after a reconitai,lsance, saw that he had better secure
the fortress in his rear ere he attempted what might prove a
too difficult task ; so he retired, and confined his attention
to Kars alone. On Aug. 7, while Mouravieff was absent
on his Erzeroum expedition, we were astonished (though
not unprepared) by an attack on Kanti-tabia. A. strong di-
vision of the enemy appeared on the plain, and after re-
connoitring the columns approached to within gun-shot.
At once our heavy guns of position opened on them, and
these were replied to by their lighter field pieces. Their
troops advanced, retired, and advanced again under the
artillery fire, but without coming within range of musketry.
At last they commenced theirretreat, and we ceased firing.
And now the irksome blockade began to have its usual
effect. The troops were becoming discontented, and mur-
mured at their inactivity and their somewhat short ra-
tions; for the bread was much economised, though they
had Set a very fair allowance of animal food. We were ob-
liged to kill the cattle and eat them, as the forage was be-
coming scarce, and the weather was unfortunately too hot
to admit of our salting them. The worst feature in our case
at this time was the frequency of desertions. Hitherto flog-
ging had been the only military punishment ; but now Gen.
Williams determined on strong measures. Ho therefore
prevailed on the Muahir to issue a decree to the effect that
all deserters should henceforth be shot when caught attempt.
ing to desert. Towards the end of August wo caught a spy,
and sigealised the event by erecting a permanent gallows in
the Market-place, and hanging him there as a warning to all
such traitors. The capture of this fellow to a certain extent
explained the cause of the desertions. Ho was the bearer of
a proclamation to the soldiers encouraging them to desert,
and promising each man who presented himself at the Rus-
sian camp 5 ntoncts (about a sovereign). The next measure
taken to relieve the garrison was to send out what re-
mained of our cavalry. On the 3d September the whole
force, about 1,000 strong, in wretched condition, were mus-
tered on the Tahmasp hills, just as the sun set, and when
quite dark they commenced their march. We listened
anxiously for what we soon heard ; for presently a pistol
shot came up front the gloomy valley, then another, and
another, then a fusillade and the distant voices of men in
conflict were heard from time to time, until all was again
silent. The greater part of our cavalry had escaped, but a
fearful number had been shot or cut to pieces. On the Bth
September we heard of the landing of Omar Pacha, at Ba-
toum, so we published the good tidings to our troops, and
felt confident, or at least very hopeful, that our relief
would be accomplished. On the 23d Sept. we were electri-
fied with the glorious intelligence that Sebastopol hail
fallen. A fine Georgian Chief,
named Arslan Agha, rode
through the lines with the news. He, with his six compa-
nions, came upon some Russian videttes, who challenged
him. Luckily, ho knew the Russian language, and so ex-
claimed, " Don't you know me ? I am your Colonel going
my round," and then charged through. We paraded the
troops, and read the Constantinople bulletins. The citizens
sallied out of their houses and fired feux de joie, and all the
town and carnpgave themselves up to rejoicing. Perhaps in
no town in England wes the news received with more en-
thusiasm than in poor devoted Kars. (Applause.) Oa the
25th of September our spirits were somewhat damped by
the cholera which suddenly appeared among the troops ;
and at this time, under the combined influences
of somewhat short rations, and the depressing effects of a
blockade, I cannot say but that I feared our new enemy.
The greatest ravages, however, were amongst the towns-
peope. We now wished heartly for the assault, and Kmety,
on the 28th, said it would come on the morrow, by all the
rules of war. Luckily Gen. Williams, without committing
himself to any opinion, made his arrangements every night
with apparently the conviction that the morrow would be a
bloody nay. And the 29th Sept. was a bloody day, as you
all well know. On the eventful morning of the 29th, nearly
the whole camp was aroused by the hurried whisper that
something was about to happen. Reserves were silently
turned out, scouts were despatched to peer into the black
gloom between ourselves and the enemy. •On Tahmasp,
f the broad,, vallew -4"
Kmety was up and listening to strange sounds of artil-
lery, caissons, and the muffled tread of men. Our splendid
corps of rifles were to a man graspingirweapons
with
fervour, and listening intensely, whileo_ their eyes were
edsecnousetsgclaornome in saying the inerlevlsi
' We aro ready," was the response
c tryingho
approachrak t o
Presentlypiercetoady." dt
yht
.he
4,
of all. The artillerymen stood ramrod and
their guns charged with grape. Presently,
as matcht in hand,
the faintest
streaks of morning appeared in the horizon, the sharp eyes
of a Zebek discovered a column of men steadily advancing.
to awaken the
and the screaming missiles seemed echoes of
was now assailed in front
u owed, and then
A gun was laid, the match applihed,rraanhdfotihi e loud. report
hell. Shrieks, yells, and a wild t
all
te tdilsleryTaenasddtahtee
at
tatthlies
mofommi;instk
arrived,
yivdedrr
from
his nightly round, and throwing himself into the foremost
battery, showed what a British gunner could do. The
lesserpeal osfoauin
and flank, while a strong regiment came round the left
and attacked the batteries in the rear. Fortunately, we
had at this point, now overwhelmed with a vastly su-
periorwhole of this position of Tahmasp
our finest body of rifles. As the Russian
force,
columns
advanced, lone lines of those riflemen, protected
by breastworks, discharged volley after volley into the
f neon
thesehile rounintermi
d shot and grape tore through
den ,
1 mass°columnswwithout
*ssion Meantime, at
enee
hour, the break of day, a furious assault, the same
was made on th •
simul-
taneously with that on Tahmasp,
e bi east-
the
works and batteries in the rear of town, and these,
. .
manned principally by Lazistan
irregulars,
were car-
being
able number of those poor fellows
car-
ried, and a consider
Besides these two •
bayonetted at their posts. points of at-
tack a strong force of cavalry and
tabia, and kept up a constant fire of rockets
and artillery •
•
but this was cvideutly feint. , The enemy, having gained
possess
ion of the northern
forts, now began shelling the
town, while their infantry
piled arms. Meantime the
battle was raging at the original point of Tahmasp
rattle P. Fm
quarter there was an incessant of musketry,
and the artillery of everybrought
to battery that could be
,
to bear on the attacking columns
and frliberallyom
worked.
Thus from Fort Lake, from h was
i.
through the Russian
bra am from Tek
tabia, the round shot ploughed
masses. General Williams, from the centre of the camp,
the troops hard
watched events with an eagle eye. Seeing
he sent up reinforcements from the
pressed at Tahmasp
.from Fort
reinforcements from Fort Lake.
south, and an order for r
e
These two bodies met under the rising
their
fire
on the flank
of the enemy, and deploying
openedin tlesewith great
effect. The almost overpowered troops e batteries
raised a responsive yell; Teef
Teesdale poursresh charges of
• grape into the staggering masses ; they give way ; " Long
live the Sultan," shout the Turks, as they work their guns
with frantic energy. Meantime the enemy, now in posses-
sion of the English tabias, are not to be left quiet. That
hue hero) Thompson, with the heart of a lion and the eye

of a gkiiitifisi, eras at once the position of affairs and what
he may do. A heavy gun had been placed at the very ex-
tremity of the Karadagh to keep off marauding Cossacks.
116 instantly orders 200 men to pile arms ; he fastens a
Jimmy rope to this and to the caisson, and attaching him-
self and ale men, and urging them to superhuman efforts,
thpY drag the gun to a commanding eminence, and here he
sets to *elk to pelt into the Russians who had established
themselves in the batteries. At the same moment he an.
tioipated an order from the General, and despatches a force
of his best rifles to cross the ravine and take up a position
amongst the rooks commanding the captured batteries,
from whence they galled the enemy by au incessant fire ef
small arras. Meantime Col. Lake, who is directing affairs
in Lake battery, turns on the right flank of these Russians
a force of two battalion!, which had been despatched from
below, and these deliver a volley and charge the enemy,
and at the same moment some native townspeople had
sealed the rocks at the back of the town, and kept up a
galling fire. Thus was the enemy attacked in front and
on each flank, and, unsupported by reinforcements, he had
no option but to retire. To retrieve the fortnnes of the
day a splendid cavalry charge was made on these lines,
but men and horses were hurled pell mell into the trous de
Loup, which were not expected in this quarter. But at
Tahmasp the struggle is deadly nod continuous. Reserves
have again been sent, the firing n^ s continued without in-
termission for six hours, while the nun have from time to
time replenished their cartridge pouches ft',
om the dead Rus-
sians, who lie in heaps before them. Column .7fter column
of these devoted fellows are led by their galls,: officers,
and, as they advance, fall under the withering rattle' of a
thousand well aimed rifles, or are blown away by grape an.q
round shot. The screaming balls whistle through the air
from distant batteries, and plunge into the Russian squares.
The townspeople,as the fight continues, swarm amongstthe
rocks, and fight with guns, swords, and stones, encouraging
the soldiers with those Moslem war cries with which, 1,200
years ago, Mahomed led on to battle his fierce Arab horse-
men. " Allah it Allah! Mahomed resoul ullah!" (God is
God!. and Maliomed is his prophet!") is shouted, while holy
dervishes in religious frenzy seek to impale themselves on
the unbelievers' bayonets. The very blood that trickles
from the wounds of the dying Christian soldiers is drunk
by these fanatics to quicken the rage that inflames
their hearts. What must have been the feelings of the
Russian chieftain when he saw the very flower of his
army lying in mangled heaps under our batteries, and
not an inch of ground gained, not one stronghold retained,
but at each successive charge his shattered columns were
hurled back like broken waves from rocks of granite. At
last, as the meridian sun shed its scorching rays through
the sulpharous canopy that overhung the scene of mortal
conflict, we observed a sudden panic amongst our foes.
At once cheers and yells arose from every breastwork and
battery, whilst the cannonade seemed to acquire fresh in-
tensity. Then did every citizen, every Bashi-Bazouk,
nay, every boy who could muster a horse-pistol,,sally out
from the batteries and breastworks, and fire into the re-
treating masses. Gradually the distant Russian cavalry
closed up in the rear of the beaten and demoralised in-
fantry columns, while the Russian artillery kept up,
while retreating, a steady fire on the gallant but ill-organ-
ised crowd that insulted and galled their retreat; But
where was our cavalry? Oh for two regiments of fresh,
good-conditioned horse, to have followed these beaten
troops, and with bloody spur and unslackened rein to have
charged through and through their disordered ranks until
the right arms of the troopers had hung wearied with
slaughter ! But, thank God, the day was won, and we
clasped each other's hands with joy so deep as only those
can feel who come out from a well-fought field of bloodshed
and victory. I rode over that fatal ground while yet the
blood was freshly flowing, and never can those sights and
sounds of woe be effaced from my memory. Fine stalwart
human forms, the grisly warrior and the beardless youth,
lay in heaps, torn and mangled by every conceivable wound,
while groans for mercy, screams of sudden pain, and cries
for water, or for the kindest and last of all friends, for
Death itself, arose from amidst each heap of human agony.
Scarce could my mind conceive what my eyes beheld in the
magnitude of human woe that lay before me. 6,000 fellow-
creaturesslay bleeding and dying on that fatal field ; and
how many bleeding and agonising heartsin a distautland did
these represent ? But let us draw a veil over the darkest of
war's pictures. I returned to my soul-harrowing duties at
the hospitals, and there night closed in upon dying soldiers
and exhausted surgeons: On the day following the battle
our soldiers were hard at work burying the dead, while the
citizens gathered together in the market-place talking over
the splendid victory, in which they had borne so noble a
part, or exhibiting the numerous trophies which they had
gathered from the field of battle. The pions Mussulmans
declare they saw a band of ten thousand saintly warriors
in green vesture fighting on our side. On this point I may
say.with Bernal Diag, on a similar occasion, that there
might have been such a body of Mussulman saints, " and
that 1, sinner that I am, was unworthy to see them."
For two days the cholera disappeared from our camp, a
singular phenomenon, occasioned, doubtless, by intense
moral emotion. We now calculate on the speedy disap-
pearance of the enemy. According to all rules of war-
tare a beaten force retires, surely Mouravieff's army will
not be an exception to this rule? Had it not been for
that fatal peculation in barley, we might even now have
sallied out and completed our glorious day's work; but
our horses are gone, the few animals yoked to the artil-
lery can scarce sustain themselves. We should have
nothing but small aseau,....ra....tragt. to, while, be it. re-
membered, the Russian cavalry is scarcely touched, and
they number 10,000. Rut now another enemy invests us
Gaunt. famine stealthily, but irresistibly, invades our
weakened and cholera-stricken force. The Russians remain;
their untouched cavalry keep up the relentless blockade.
The most rigorous search is made on all sides for hidden
stored of corn, add those, when found, are distributed to
the most needy of the townspeople ; meantime men talk
gloomily in the market-place, and the voices of poor women
are heard crying aloud for bread for their starving families.
Desertions have become alarmingly frequent, and spies are
known to pass to and froth the Russian camp. It is abso-
lutely necessary to hold out until the effect of Omar Pacha's
diversion is seen, or until the winter has set in and pre-
vented any forward movement of the enemy Then we can
with honour capitulate, if not relieved, since we have saved
Asia Minor. So each man caught attempting to desert is
forthwith tried by drum-head court-martial and shot; each
spy is mercilessly hanged, sometimes two at a time, on the
gallows on the Market-place, and if any one is over loudly
desponding he is encouraged by a public whipping. Thus
do we hold out, day after day, anxiously waiting for news
from without. On the Oct. 22 the glorious news arrives of
the landing of Selim Pacha at Trebizond, with, it is said,
an army of 20,000 men. This casts a temporary sunshine
over our gloomy prospects, and we wait with impatience
for the next post. But the misery of the townspeople in-
crease, and the emaciation of the soldiers is alarmingly ap-
parent. Be it remembered that they have had nothing to
eat now but an insufficient quantity of bread and water.
No butter or fat of any kind could be had to increase the
nutrition of their miserable rations. Crowds of both sol-
diers and citizens assembled in the open spaces to dig up
the roots of grass. The poor children, lately gambolling in
the market place now wander about with gaunt and hun-
gry looks, and beg for bread with heartrending tones. Ale-
there, pale and attenuated, are seen holding their feeble
babes to their breasts, which are pining and dying on
the dried up fountains of exhausted nature. The admis-
sions into the over-crowded hospitals are alarmingly
on the increase, and the disease is simply starvation. With
pale, cold, and clammy skin, and the characteristic feeble-
ness of voice,and the dark complexion and pinched features,
so well expressed in Scripture, which says, " Their visage
is blacker than a coal, their skin cleaveth to their bones,"
they gradually sink and die at their post, loyal, faithful, and
long-suffering to the last. Still we are buoyed up by false
hopes and by lying despatches from Selim Pacha, who,
having arrived at Erzeroum, constantly writes to tell us he
is on his way and in full march to relieve us, and on the
strength of these despatches the most rigorous measures are
taken to eke out to the utmost our scanty stock of provisions. I
What could have been the feelings of our own noble chief
who, with a heart soft as a woman's, had yet to overpower
his yearnings of compassion and call in the aid of an iron
will to enable him sternly to do his duty amidst the horrors
that surrounded him. How was his heart torn and bleed-
ing with wounds that he concealed from public view, for
as he rode through the doomed city women held up their
kdying babes to him in mute but touchine, appeals, while the
allant men of Kars, cowed by a stern military despotism,
turned upon him reproachful looks, as if to accuse him of
their misery. His own aspect, too, was changed; the agony
of his mind and the crushing weight of care had worn him
to a shadow. Would that some Lnen could have seen what
they had helped to produce ! At this time the crowded
mosques, khans, and houses were opened to receive the men
that fell dying at their posts, faithful and loyal to the last,
who, standing over a reserve of biscuit in the batteries,
died of hunger without touching a morsel. The streets of
the city now presented a spectacle too painful to contem-
plate. Before the doors of the flour depots women and chil-
dren scraped up the dust, mixed as it was with flour, and
eat it. The bodies of the dead horses were actually exhumed
and devoured, while corpses met you at every step being
conveyed by staggering comrades to the pit. The very dogs
had deserted the town and gorged themselves on the dead
bodies of the Russians outside the batteries which they had
torn from their graves. On the 22d Nov. the last of Selim
Pacha's despatches were received. He wrote, " Be of good
cheer and hold out a few days longer, for I left Erzeroum
on the 16th, and am in full march with my whole army to
relieve you .l' The same messenger that brought this des-
patch was also the bearer of a small note from Mr. Brant,
the able Consul of Erzeroum. He said, "Selina Pacha has
no idea of moving, and Omer Pacha has not advanced far
from Sekum Kali ; no hope of relief can be expected from
any quarter." This opened our eyes to the true state of
affairs, and now Gen. Williams calls a military council to-
gether, and putting before them the real state of things pro-
poses a capitulation, or a desperate attempt to cut through
the lines of the Russians. We have no-horses to drag ann.
gle gun, the men are too weak to march, armed as they are,
for a single hour, so that the latter proposition is at once
abandoned. Gen. Williams is therefore deputed to con-
duit the capitulation, and gain as good conditions as he can
extort from the Russian general. So, at the conclusion of
that conference, Major Teesdale proceeded to the Rus-
sian camp to demand an interview for the following day.
On the 25th Nov., the General and his aide-de-camp, Tees-
dale, ride out under a flag of truce to the Russian head-
quarters. As they approach the enemy's camp the soldiers
collect in crowds to gaze upon them. They are conducted
with every courtesy to the camp of Mouravieff, and received
with due respect by that distinguished chief. The General at
once introduces the object of his visit. " I have come," he
says, " to propose terms for a capitulation, for it is useless to
disguise from you the fact that our provisions are well-nigh
exhausted, and there is great suffering amongst the towns-
people. For the sake of humanity I trust you will accede to
my terms; if unhappily you should demand an unconditional
surrender, I must remind you that we are still within our
fortress, and although i have no wish to rid you of your lau-
rels, I should, if compelled, cause every gun to be burst,
every standard destroyed, and nothing but a famished crowd
of unarmed men would remain to you." " I have no wish,
answered Mouravieff, " to wreak an unworthy vengeance
on a gallant and long-suffering army, which has
covered itself with glory, and only yields to famine.
Look here (he exclaimed; pointing to a lump of
broad and a handful of roots) what splendid troops must
these be who can stand to their arms ill such a climate on
food such as this. General Williams, you have made yourself
a name in history, and posterity will stand amazed at the
endurance, the courage, and the discipline which this siege
has called forth in the remains of an army. Let us arrange a
capitulation that will satisfy the demands of war without out-
raging humanity." (Applause.) These two gallant. and chi-
valrous chiefs, M they stood in that historic kit with hearts

The meeting on Tnesday evening, adjourned from last
Wednesday, is looked forward to with great interest by
all parties.
Sir Edward Butler has been actively canvassing all
day, and Mr. Weguelin, with o..ie or two of his friends,
has visited some of the large manufacturing and other
establishments of the town.
The new Chief Justice of the Common Pleas takes
leave of his constituents in Southampton, by whom he
has been six times elected to represent them in Parlia-
ment, in the subjoined address, which has been circu-
lated to-day :
"Gentlemen,—By acceptance of judicial office I have this
day ceased to be your representative, and have now the pain-
ful task of bidding you farewell.
" Had I followed my own wishes and inclination I should
still remained member for Southampton. To be the Attorney-
General of England, and to represent you in Parliament, was
the utmost object of my ambition, and left me nothing to de-
sire. But I have become conscious that lam less able than
heretofore, in point of health and strength, to meet the calls
of a position which combined Parliamentary and official with
professional duties, and I have yielded to the advice of friends
interested in my welfare, and exchanged those cares for
duties which, though arduous and laborious, arc of a less
exacting and exciting character than those which I have
hitherto sustained.

I cannot bid you farewell without profound and heart-
felt emotion when I recall all the kindness I have received at
your hands, your generous support, your confidence, your
indulgent forbearance. I feel that, though the political tie
which united us is severed, there are ties of the heart which
can cease only with life. _

" To my latest hour it will be a matter of pride and honour
to have represented your beautiful and flourishing town,
with its thriving, industrious, and intelligent community ;
and while life lasts I shall never cease to take the deepest
interest in its prosperity and welfare.
" Permit me to bid you, one and all, a hearty and affec-
tionate farewell, and, while I return to my numerous friends
my grateful thanks for their unwearying kindness, let sue
pray my political foes (and I trust I have none other among
you) to bury in oblivion the remembrance of all past animo-
sity, and to think of me only as ono who has sought to re-
present you honestly according to his views, and to whom
your entire community will ever be an object of the most
cherished remembrance and regard.
" since e That
and prosperity and happiness may attend you is the
" London, Nov. 21." genuine wish of your grateful and devoted servant,
-
A. E. COCKBURN.

A POLITICAL WAGER IN AMERICA.—Major Benjamin
P.Poore, the late Fillmore candidate for Congress in the
Sixth District, arrived in the city this afternoon with his
wheelbarrow and barrel of apple., which he had wheeled
all the way from Newburypor t:' a , distance of 36 miles,
in two days and a half. The job was in fulfilment of a
bet with Colonel Burbank, the Fremont State Senator
elect, that Fillmore would get more votes in Massachu-
setts than Fremont. The Major, wheeling his apples,
was escorted up State-street, about 2 o'clock, by the
Fillmore clubs of Boston and Charlestown, a military
company, and a mounted eavalcade of citizens. The
novelty of the performance collected inanyr thousandstremenden
oef
the people, and the Major was gerieeetse.d
Hdelivered the
with
e
and tumultuous applause on al I d
apples to Colonel Burbank onsteps of the Fremont-
house,r where bothgentlemen delivered
d congratulatory
speeches, mounted on the barrel. Ten thousand pee,prk
people
were present.—Boston Correspondent the
of
Reread.