The Sun.
London, England, 1851-04-03 00:00:00

APPOINTMENTS.

WOOLWICH, APRIL 2.—Lieutenant Richard H. Risk
(1844), to the command of the Tartarus steam-vessel, of
136-horse power, at Woolwich. The gallant officer has
hoisted his pendant, and commenced entering men to-day,
for service in protecting the fisheries on the north coast of
Scotland.

DESCENT OF THE DUKE OF BRUNS-
WICK IN MR. GREEN'S BALLOON.

HASTINGS, Ariut 2.—Mr. Charles Green, who left in the
Victoria balloon, with the Duke cf Brunswick, on Monday
afternoon, for France, arrived here again last night by mail.
It appears from the statement of the aeronautic veteran, that
the balloon, which left Hastings at about twenty minutes
past one in the afternoon, retained a south-easterly course till
about twelve miles from the English shore. The wind then
carried them southward. When somewhat short of mid-
channel the balloon was almost becalmed, and took a low
level, so that by means of a speaking-trumpet the occupiers
of the car could converse with the crews of some fishing-
boats which appeared beneath them. On getting further
from the English coast the balloon again got into a current
setting to the south-east. The gas at this period became
much expanded by the action of the sun's rays, and the balloon
ascended to a height of 4,060 feet. The safety-valve at the bot-
tom of the balloon then began to act, owing to the great ex-
pansion of the gas, and the escape which ensued caused a gra-
dual descent, till the appendages to the guide-line, styled by
Mr. Green the " compensating weight,"
,and which we de-
scribed in our account of the ascent, came upon the surface
of the water, whereby the downward progress was checked,
owing to the diminished weight depending upon the machine.
Before arriving at this point, the aeronauts had enjoyed a
magnificent view of the English coast, extending from Dun-
geness point to Beachy Head—the long line of coast glowing
in the vivid rays of a resplendent sun. When about 20 miles
from the French coast they obtained a view of a portion of
the shores of France.

At length the land appeared so near at hand that the
grapuell was lowered. The shore was found to have been
left by the ebbing of the tide, and the sands were observed
to be of great extent. Two men were seen walking upon
the sands, and as the balloon passed over them, with its
l
guide line trailing behind, one of them caught at it, and was
immediately seen to be dashed violently upon the earth. The
rope got under the feet of his companion, who forthwithn
speedily
er-
formed a complete somersault in the air and weays er,
placed hors de combat. The unfortunate pair,
h
the f eventually l
fallacy
of
seen
endeavouringtoregain their t
e catch
te
eghs , a doubtlesshallee n. convincedhowever,
_ of
The land in the vicinity of the shore was observedby Mr,
Green to be of an undulating character, apparennly
adapted for the purpose of a descent; he, therefore, pro-
ceeded onward till he surmounted a lofty hill, the summit of
which he cleared at an elevation of about 50 feet. lie then
descended rapidly. In the valley appeared a village, from
which scores of people were speedily seen to emerge. The
Duke laid hold of his speaking trumpet, and shouted direc-
tions to the peasantry how to act. The balloon reached the
earth almost without a shock, and abundance of attendance
being promptly rendered the aerial visitor was soon made
fast, and the Duke and Mr.. Green alighted, finding them-
selves in the fields near Neufchatel, about 10 miles south-
west of Boulogne. A railway station appeared half a mile
off, situate on the Boulogne and Amiens Railway. His High-
ness proceeded at once to the station, and almost imme-
diately took his seat in a train en route for Paris; while Mr.
Green, having discharged his gas, got the balloon packed up
and proceeded therewith in a cart to Boulogne, where he
arrived at about 10 o'clock at night.
The descent was made at a few minutes after six o'clock,
the voyage having occupied nearly five hours, while the dis-
tance traversed was reckoned at full 60 miles. Mr. Green
styles his trip as an "aqua-aerial" voyage, and describes it
as having been most delightful not only to himself, but also
to his Highness, to whom one great recommendation was
the absence of all sensible motion.
The gas, furnished by the Hastings:Gas Company, is stated
by Mr. Green to have been of excellent quality, the clerk of
the works, Mr. Ginner, and his foreman, Mr. Inlpen, having
carried out the wishes of Mr. Green to have a supply of gas
as free from carbon as possible.

TEETII—flow often do we find the hnman
face divine disfigured by neglecting the chiefest of its
ornaments, and the breath made disagreeable to com-
panions by non-attention to the teeth! Though perfect
in their structure and composition, to keep them in a
pure and healthy state requires some little trouble; and
if those who are blessed with well-formed teeth knew
how soon decay steals into the mouth, making unsightly
what otherwise are delightful to admire, and designating
unhealthiness by the impurity of the breath, they would
spare no expense to chase away these fatal blemishes.
But although most ladies are careful, and even particu-
lar in these delicate matters, yet few are su.fficiently
aware of the imperative necessity of avoiding all
noxious or mineral substances of an acrid nature, and of
which the greater part of the cheap tooth-powders of
the present day are composed It is highly satisfactory
~
to point out Messrs. Rowlands Odonto, or Pearl Denti-
frice, as a preparation free from all injurious elements,
and eminently calculated to embellish and preserve the
dental structure, to impart a grateful fragrance to the
breath, and to embellish and perpetuate the graces of the
mouth. _Court Journal.

THE INCOME TAX.
A proceeding has been mentioned in connexion with the
income-tax more objectionable than anything that has yet
transpired. It appears that the City Commissioners, through
one of their officials, have actually begun to ask the heads of
mercantile establishments the amount of salary paid to each
of their clerks, in order, as he said, to " check " the returns
made by those gentlemen themselves. In the instance
which has come to our knowledge the application was
made to a partner in one of the highest and most re-
spected City firms, and when the object of it was made
known it was instantly and most properly re-
fused. The chances are, however, that in other cases
the information will be given hastily, before the
nature of the inquiry is fully appreciated, and that thus a
system of espionage will come into vogue, the principle of
which may be extended to all other persons. If secret in-
quiries are to be made of employers there is no reason why
also information should not in turn be extracted from clerks
or assistants. In this way a bookkeeper may be asked the
profits of a house in order to " check" the statements of its
members, and the assistant of a professional person, or the
servant of a tradesman, may be adroitly worked upon
to the same end. Once admit that these Com-
missioners have a right to obtain a knowledge of
people's affairs through any other than public sources,
and there is no end to the machinery that may be set to
work for the purpose throughout the country. All that they
are entitled to demand is the duly-signed return of the party
to be taxed, and if from fair and open causes they have rea-
son to distrust that return, they may increase the assess-
ment at their pleasure, and let him resort to his right of ap-
peal. The power thus conferred is unpopular enough, and
good management and discretion are essential to conduct the
process and to prevent it from becoming so odious la
to cause
a public clamour that shall render im-
possiblea continuance of direct taxation, and
there is consequently no condemnation too strong
for those who risk the destruction of the advantages which
that mode of taxation confers by such conduct as seems now
to be pursued. By maintaining its unfair exemptions and its
flagitious scale, the Chancellor of the Exchequer has done his
best to provoke its being swept away altogether; and it only
requires a few instances such as the City Commissioners ap-
pear likely to furnish to render its doom unavoidable. The
cry will then be that direct taxation has been tried and
failed, and it will take a waste of years to disabuse the
prejudice,ic resulted in failure, but the and to show that it was not
community
principleof
itself
lah f w
e and incapacity with which it was sought to be ad-
ministered.

JOSEPH IL AND THE MONIES.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE sum
SlR,—The following may serve to show what Joseph
11., of Austria, thought, of monks. In 1781 that Em-
peror (born, as they say, in Austria, half a century too
soon) thus wrote to the Archbishop of Salzblirgl--
"My Prince,—The interior administration of my
states exacts from me a prompt reform. An empire over
which I reign must be governed according to my princi-
ples. Prejudices, fanaticism, despotism, and the slavery of
mind must disappear; and each of my subjects must resume
the exercise of his natural rights.
" Menachisin has attained an intolerable excess in
Austria. .
"I have appointed a commission, charged with the
duties relative to the suppression of superfluous convents.
When I tear off the mask of monachism, and transform
the useless monk into a productive citizen, I then hope
that more than one of those factious slaves will speak
otherwise than they now do of my reforms.
"My task is diffieult. It is no inconsiderable affair
to reduce this army of monks, and to make men of these
fakirs, before the shorn heads of whom the vulgar pros-
trate themselves with respect."
In another letter he says—

" Since the time I have succeeded to the first di‘rdem
in the world, philosophy has regulated my actions.
Austria must assume another than her present form.
• . As I detest superstition and her Phari-
sees, I will give freedom to my people. For this pur-
pose I will drive out the monks—l will suppress their
convents."

In 1784, Joseph wrote Pius Vl.:
" I have suppressed the superfluous convents, and
congregations still more superfluous. Tkeir revenues
are appropriated to maintain useful curates and primary
schools," &c.
Joseph (adds the author from whom I quote) was in-
deed a great man; but the bigotry and selfishness of the
world would not appreciate him when he lived, &c.
I am, Sir, yours, &c.

March 25.

WATCHMAN.

SEABORNE MAILS.
[N signifies that the mails are sent frora the General Pest-ofi3oi
by the night—and M by the morning—dispatch.]

' When made up in From what m
PLACES. GoneralPost-ofilee port dis-
London. patched. duo.
America (by Brit. pkt.)N April 4 .. .. Liverpool.. April 7
America (by I.T.S. pkt.) N April 8 .. Liverpool .. April 13
America (by U.S. pkt.) M April. 23 ,Southairtpt. April 10
Africa (West coast).. N 14th of the month !Plymouth April 1
Alexandria' •....... N 19th & 30th of mo.lDover .. April Hi
Belgium • • .. •• N Daily .. Dover .. Daily
Brazil .. • • .. 3.1 9th of the month Southampt. April 12
Buenos Ayres .. M 9th of the month Southampt. April 12
California(viaChagres) 31 17th of month Southampt. Aprd 5
Cape of Good Hope N 14th of month Plymouth.. April 3
Constantinople' •• N 7th 17th 27th of mo,Dover April 10
Central America .. 2d & 17th of mon. (Southampt. April
Channel Isles • • .. N Mon., Wed., & Fri. Southampt. Tn. 11.8 a
Chili . M.l7th of the month Southampt. April 20
France .. &N Twice daily .. .. Dover .. Twioedaily
Greece' .• N 7th 17th 27th of mo Dover •• April 10
11 amburgh NI Tuesday & Friday London .. Tues. Sat.
Holland .. • • .. 311Wedn es. & Satur. London .. Mosi.Thrr
Honduras Ninth of the month!Southampt. April 20
Ireland .. 11 & *Twice daily .. Holyhead •• 1 wicedaily
India(ria Southamp.) 20th of the month,Southampt. April 2a
India (via 31 arseilles) N 7tht 24th ofmonth;Dover •• April 23
Mediterranean (via
Southampton) • • 31,20 th of the month Southampt. April 28
Mediterranean (via
Marseilles) .. N Ith& 24th of month 1 Dover • • April 23
Mexico .. Ml2cl of the mouth..! Southampt. April 5
Madeira .. • • .. M 9th of the month Southampt. April 12
Malta* 2,„T fl7th,l7th,l9tb,27th 1 Dover April 10
& 30th of month
Naples. .. • • • • N,sth 15th 25th of mo Dover •• April 2
Papal States' N ,51.1115 th 25th of mo Dover .. April 2
Peninsular.. • • .. 31,7 th 17th 27th of mo Southampt. April 5
Peru .. .. • • • • 3117th of the month eouthampt. April 20
Tuscany' N'sth 15th 25th of mo Dover • • !April 2
West Indies .. 17th of the mouth Southampt. 'April 20
West Indies (except
Ilavanna & Nassau) 11,2 d of the month ..!Southatinpt.lApril 5

2d of the month ..
ountries thus marl

* The mails to those c
French packet via Marsei
CALIFORNIA.—MaiIi to
arc now despatched and c

Southanapt. Hipril 5
ked (*) are conveyed by

and from Califol
ue by every Aral

is via the United States
can packet.

The first manufactory for spinning by machinery,
in Austria, has just been founded at a place called Eipel, on
the frontier of Bohemia and Silesia.

THE MAILS.—SOUTHAMPTON, WEDNESDAY, APRTh
2.—The Royal Mail Steam Packet ompany's ship Dee, Cap.
tain W. Allan, sailed this afternoon at three o'clock with the
usual mails for the West Indies, Spanish Main, and Gull of
Mexico, in charge of Lieutenant Brown, R.N., Admiralty
agent. The Dee takes out 77 passengers, among whom are
Commodore M'Quhae, fer Jamaica, and Lady Alleyne, for
Barbadoes, also a good general cargo, and specie value
23,0001. sterling. The United States' mail steamer Hermann,
Captain E. Crabtree, was to leave New York on the 29th of
March, and may be expected to arrive off Cowes on her way
to Bremen, about the 13th inst. The steam ship Franklin,
Captain J. A. Wootton, was appointed to leave New York
on the 6th inst., and may be looked for here about the 17th
or 18th inst., en route to Havre.

tNioon.vieltesw.—as Lit
.r-ytlericßh eadnaltfat
Lit-tle Red Ri-ding Hood went out for a Walk with her
great Por-tion in lit-tie Bas-ket. As she was going
be
-i-nel- Nneogrca.leal
,n 1 lugulh,Rseoeeaos
oEds
flhßaheirYlageN dser,ats AaWolf..LhEe largemr her,FieOtßr-
thankijety..no
tu icie doleyl rend'
you,
Lit-tle Red tti-ding Hood 'said, " Very well,
lLt-le Red Ri-
ding Sir." She did not know the Wolf was a Wolf, for he did
"Wherel Zi - ding Ha r
eod you thought (gmog. hi
ntgh
mye was
Lit-tienotis,, 4 ,
JO, i
house,
ulhilseo eonwnewael,
misdhk
enaarideyioNevd
her
el
grt, in He
Sheep's
roal,nssi t
Hood said, "I am -atci long ooDnt
Clothing.
rbgl: c, kßLwu
itoto.
go-thg thtoe play"
" Ah !" said the
Wolf, "take
aur, H, av,ei,rldellNcomeseii i
Ras
hide
safe from
eill
og.:ndoi
Hautn'Mioi.,
onea Man to
blti lyedo:
grnWi‘aufi
acnienitafo.l -way
with you." Then Lit-tle red
Then
give Hood
her
:e h theand Wolf, h ahn
fraid. en the
loßWnagoslf said,itt " Colmoielfat:olonigt
li
NnA, 0
hnl
fi And a
in: (
el when
then
and
nhode. . hadtwhgee
nr got her
went
Wolves-w ay
to theii Wolf
hteh
reh
then
Nr
rho;
Nos,
ehsu,t hisa
and
her(Di
teuhnpe.
ate uispl3hAre:;tlPor•tion be-tween them. Lit-tle Red Ri-ding
Sllhoeoedp,s*ec•also-ne-ver seen a-ny more, and no one knows what
on-ly that the Wolf kept her in his Den till
she died. Lit-tle girls should not lie-ten to Wolves in
thing, for fear they should be served like Lit-tle
Red Ri-ding Hood.- Punch.
REPAY EMENT OF LONDON-BRIDGE.—In conse-
quence of the anxiety manifested by the Bridge-house Es-
tates Committee, connected with the Corporation of the
city of London, that that important thoroughf are- the car-
riage-way of London-bridge—should be repaved as rapidly
as possible, Mr. Chadwick, the contractor, has, in obedience
to their wishes, put upon the work a large number of hands.
Although the breaking-up of the
ri,roadwayidveueyrsinwragtt.ahotse:tennhetetet Com-
mencedomtpoh Citye.
until Monday morning last, above two-thirds of the
paving stones, on the western side, have been removed, and
a considerable portion of the track filledmoni
blocks of excellent quality. Larger ones, similar to erb-
ItohnegTituhdamineasll.y
snorthernton e kerb-
stones,
e ishores i do
f
Sewers' Commission having reportlier'dheemtlisai
of way it would be desirable that the pavement of King
tempo-
rary and but partial stoppage of the tbreaedinc
thereupon,
William-street should be relaid during the progress of the
works at the bridge, an order has
which order, it is expected, will be carried out simultane-
ously with e great work at Lend bridge, now so satis-
factorily proceeding under superintendence of the con-
• i foreman, Mr CI - I •
tractor
_and his principa . • eaN e. tis ex-
pected that the work will De completed by the Ist of May
next.
I.—ln a
OXFORD, Arial,convocation held this
day, the sum of 4001•
ofir granted out of the University
chest to the Protease)! otany, towards the cost of erecting
two new conservatories for the cultivation of tropical, aqua-
tic, and orchidsceoUS Plants, with the incidental expenses.
LIFE Le nsATIL----Sorne twelve years ago the son
of a respectable file-manufacturer, carrying on business in
andthew:ghrgrea:nt line
the parish of Norton, near this town, had occasion, on matters
of in to proceed to the continent, and while there, he,
alonbgaßwietshs'two or three of his compatriots, paid a visit to
the celebrated field of Waterloo, bringing away with him, as
a souvenir of the battle, a skull. This relic after having
undergone various vicissitudes, was a year or two ago placed
in the garden of the above-mentioned manufacturer, where
it has lain, comparatively little heeded, until about a fort-
night ago, when a fine healthy primrose plant, in full vigour.
and bearing several beautiful flowers, was discovered grow-
ing in the cavity of the skull,—Sheffield Independent.

DISTRESSING AND FATAL OCCURRENCE ON THB
FRITH OF FORTII.— On Tuesday week a fishing-boat, with 22
persons on board, proceeded up the Frith to gather sbell-fish.
In the evening about eight o'clock, the boat suddenly struck
on the rock off Aberdour, known as ,the " Haystack," when
it instantly filled with water, and the whole party were in
the utmost danger. They remained in the boat immersed to
a considerable extent in the water till three o'clock next
morning, when providentially their cries were heard from the
shore, and assistance being immediately obtained, they were
brought to the land. Two
col of
dth children on
others board died fin a
rom
exposure to the wet and ,the were
wretched condition.
It is expected that Captain Milne, one of the Lords
of the Admiralty, will succeed Captain Sir John Hill as Ek,
t of Deptford Victizalling and DOCk Yuds,
perintenden