The Sun.
London, England, 1851-06-18 00:00:00

LONDON, WEDNESDAY

After which a new Melodrama, entitled PAULIIiE, in which
Mr. and Mrs. Charles Kean will appear.
To conclude with a new grand spectacular Extravaganza (taken
from a Tale, by Washington Irving), entitled THE ALHAMBRA ;
or The Three Moorish Princesses. Characters by Messrs. Keeley,
Harley, A. Wigan, Wynn, Cooke, Flexmore - Misses Murray, Daly,
Mash, Robertson, Leclerq, Keeley, Mdlle. Alriol, and Mrs. Keeley.
Private Isoxes, &c., to he had of all the Booksellers, and of Mr.
massingham ; of whom also places may be taken at the Box-office,
Oxford-street, from Eleven till Feur o'clock.

ROYAL LYCEUM TII.EATRE.
Under the Management of Madame Vestria,
Sole Lessee, Mr. Charles Mathein,
Tills EVENING,
ONLY A CLOD. Will be Performed

COURT BEAUTIES. To be followed by

RING CHARMING. To conclude with

ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE.
Lessee and Manager, Mr. W. Farren.
THIs EVENING.
Will be performed lIEARTS ARE TRUMPS.
To be followed by the FAST COACH.
To Conclude with the DEVIL and DR. FATJSTI79.

ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.
triader the Patronage of her Majesty and his Royal Highnsa
Prince Albert.
Proprietor and Manager, Mr. W. Batty.
THIS EVENING,
THE
Will
AMAZ ON ; ohe performed a grand new Spectacle, entitled ELEANOR
r, Queen of France and England.
To be followed by new Scenes of the Circle, introducing en-
tirely new Company of English, French, Italian, and
American
Artistes.
To conclude with a Ballet Spectacle entitled A NIGHT IN PER-
SIA ; or, the Shah's Festival, introducing the whole Company and
Stud, aided by a double Military Brass Band.
In consequence of numerous applications from Persons of all Na-
tions to witness the magnificent spectacle of NIAZEPPA, active pre-
parations are being made for its early production.
Box-ofnce open from Eleven till Four.
Stage Manager, Mr. T. Thompson.

PIINC/VS PLAYHOUSE AND STRAND THEATRE.
Lessee, Mr. W. R. COPELAND, Liverpool.
Engagement of Mr. and Mrs. Leigh Murray.
THIS EVENLNG,
Will be performed new and original Comic Drama, entitled THE
POOR RELATION.
After which FAINT HEART NEVER WON FAIR LADY.
Principal characters by Messrs. Leigh Murray, Norton, Mrs. L.
Murray, Mrs. Horsman, and Miss M. Taylor.
To be followed by A CHEAP EXCUR-;ION.
To conclude with THE ETONBOY. Captain Popham, Mr. Leigh
Murray.
The prices of admission are arranged as follow :—Orchestra 4I ; boxes (first circle), 35.; (second circle), 2s. ; Pit, Is.
Doors to be opened at Half-past Six, and the performances to
Commence at Seven precisely.
A second price will be taken to the Boxes only at Half-past Nine
—first circle, 25.; second circle, le.
Private Boxes One Guinea and a Half each.

MONS. JULLIEN'S LAST WEEK BUT ONE.
ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS.
First performance in public of the new Quadrille " L'Enfant Pro-
digue," and the new " Crystal Fountain Polka," both composed
by Mons, JULLIEN, and performed by him at her Majesty's State
Balls.
Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and rviday next, Grand
Concert d'Ete, conducted by Mons. Jullien.—Soles by Herr Kcenig,
MM. Collinet, Sonnenberz, Pague, Anglais, Sommer, Winterbottom
and Jull
onien's laßtest and most favourite composition, including the
Exhibiti andßritish Navy Quadrilles, Amazon and Tigre Galop,
State March, Crystal Fountain Polka, Auber's L'Enfant Prodigue,
&c.—Danson's Colossal Picture of the Temple of Janus.—Superb
Sout
menhoy,agenandP ve.—er/Ormingarious novel Elattephraants.ctions. Koh-i-noor" Fireworks, by
Doors open from Nine A.m.—Feeding the Animals at Half-past
Five.—Jullien's Concert at Seven.—Fireworks at Ten.
ADMISSION—ONE eHILLING.

tit. lIMII WATER Al LONDON BRIDGE DAT
_morning 4 1 min. after 4 I Evening 0 =tin. after
To...tie/mow —Morning 2) ann. atter 5 I Evening 39 rain. after 5

THE WEATHER.—Susr OFFICE, JuNE 18.
THERMOMETER, rf THE SHADE.
63—highest since noon yesterday.
44—lowest this morning and during the night.
63—this day, at noon.
Bkaostamu, 3049 ; mercury going down.
WM) W.X.W.—Morning, fine ; Afternoon, cloudy. with
alight rain.

DAILY WEATHER State of the wind TABLE.
and Weather at each of the following
places at N.;
yesterday morning.—The stations
BM AlTAnged in order
KINGSTOWN (Dtr of latitude.
partially cloudy.)—Wind W,N,w, strong breeze—
PLYMOUTH—Wind ii.u,
PORTSMOITITI—Wind w N.W. strong breeze—partially cloudy.
strountle breeze—partially cldy.
g,breeze—
RiacarroN—Wind NAT , g* gentle breeze—partially
HANINGS—Wind W.,
breeze—overoaat
Par . . ,cloud y.
SournAmPToN—Wind w tiaily cloudy.
FOLKESTONE— Wind NAV.: :ttrroong breeze.
TuNitRIDGE--Wind W., strong rblgr
weeze—partially cloudy.
dY
BASINGSTOKE--Wind Wind S.W., ktrongeel?r—Partially cloudy
GREENWICH—Wind N.W., hard
arti.iall
SWLNDON—Wind N.W., gentle.breezeuld—Partially cloudy."*
ially cloudy.
COLCHESTER—Wind N.W., heavy gale Partially cloudy.
CiunnuaGE—Wind W., hard wind—par
Ruanv—Wind W., hard wind—overcast, Y c1°4(137.
rammouni—Wind .N.W., hard wind—partially el
LYNN—Wind N. W., hard wind—partially cioudy°ll`lY.
CREWE—Wind N.W., strong breeze—partially cloud,
Cozewev—Wind N. W., gentle breeze—cloudless. "
Etovraxan—Wind W.N.W., strong breeze—partially Cloth,
LAX.. CASTER—Wind S.W., strong breeze—partially cloudy--y*
.
%RAP—Wind N. W. hard wind—partially cloudy.
."1/ATTocK—Wind N. W., strong breeze—cloudless.
tL'aiClock :
he returns from the following places indicate the state of
°
I wind and weather on Monday morning at nine
Kallosow- (II
- `"I n3l.o)—Wind W., strong breeze—partially
cloudy,
MULLLIGAR W •
PooL,....wind ‘ ind W., hard wind—overcast.
Fommarox Y gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
CREw-E__A.,,.—'Wind, _ S.W., gentle breeze—overcast.
caNwlT_WiondWvv, fresh breeze—cloudy.
HoLvErEAD-.-Nvind '
A gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
YORK—Wind N.w., .trop.'
strong breeze—partially cloudy.
LANcAsTaß_Wind vir
,r(sTg breeze—partially cloudy.
Saar— Wind W.
strong strong breeze—rain.
BEArrocK—Wind W., telTeze—rain.
eLelt_vercast.
At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich,
of the barometer in the week wag the mean height
temperature of the week was 55S 29.737 in. The meao
average of corresponding weeks in ten
is lower than the
The mean daily temperature was aboveen years by nearly 4°..
day, but on every subsequent day the average on Sun-
Tuesday, which was the coldest, the n:Lesa below it, and oil
nearly 10° below the average. The wind blewilfell to 49°•6, or.
the south-west. generally from

v e:iik ,zf. ft p 6.,%
t*ine;
1,..--1_175.-4-1,,fr:,, , ,
40% q-,, f...,„..-'
4t, I.E v ~. ~ '4l' • xi. 0 sl 110 ~,,..

After a few observations from Sir H. VERNEY, Mr.
BROTHERTON, Mr. HUME, Sir R. H. INGLIS, and Mr.
GYACH,
Mr. COBDEN said that after the sentiments he had
heard expressed he should not feel justified in pressing
the motion to a division. He withdrew it, therefore, for
the session, in the hope that the Noble Lord would
make the resolution the actual basis of his policy.
Viscount PALMERSTON repeated his concurrence in
the principle of the motion, though objecting to the
particular method, and declining to fetter in any respect
the discretion of the Government.
The motion was then by leave withdrawn. i

The St. Albans Bribery Commission Bill has
passed through Committee without mutilation. From
the stringent investigation that must in all human
probability take place, not only into the proceedings
at the recent election, but at all previous contests
where similar practices were indulged in, we antici-
pate the most beneficial results. It is high time that
the law and practice relating to bribery and corrup-
tion at Parliamentary electiona should be placed on a
clear and satisfactory footing, so that those who are
really guilty may be subjected to the punish-
ment they so justly merit for their gross con-
tempt of the privileges of Parliament, while those
whose conduct is undeserving of censure may
not suffer either by being exposed to enormous pecu-
niary outlay, or by being unseated, and their cha-
racters injured on account of transactions with which
they were wholly unconnected.
It is a matter of perfect notoriety, that not at St.
Albans only, but at many other boroughs returning
representatives, the constituencies are utterly venal,
and that the result will depend more upon the
weight of the purses of the respective can-
didates than upon their political feelings
or qualifications for the important duties that
will devolve upon them, if successful. Matters are
now so adroitly managed, that it is only on few oc-
casions a guilty knowledge can be brought home to
the principal parties, while on the other hand,
where a defeat is unavoidable, the minority can so
arrange it, through the intervention of a "Man of
the Moon," or some other sprite of a similar character,
that a perfectly innocent person can be not only de-
prived of his seat, but disqualified from representing
the same constituency until after the next dissolution.
These are both untoward events, although the latter
is by far the most serious of the two. In the first, a
guilty person escapes with impunity, a constituency
is demoralized, and the representative branch of the
Legislature is, to a certain extent, injured in
the estimation of the community ; but, in
the second, an innocent gentleman, who has
taken every possible precaution to prevent anything
contrary either to the Parliamentary or common law
of the land, who has in his favour a majority so de-
cisive and overwhelming that it would be an act of
insanity to resort to any practices that could by any
possibility endanger his certain return, is subjected
to unmerited reproach, and the law has failed
in the very purpose for which it was en-
acted—the protection of the guiltless. We
need scarcely say that we have looked
to the grievous injury most undeservedly inflicted on
Mr. F. CALVERT, Q.C., as the illustration of the
second part of our argument. The first is net directed
to any particular individual—if any one should think
the cap fits, he is at perfect liberty to appropriate it
for his own use.
The proposed inquiry will doubtless prove what we
have long since asserted, that the existing state of
the law is not only utterly inefficient, but po-
sitively mischievous. If it can be shown that a
constituency is habitually and irremediably cor-
rupt, measures should be at once taken for
its disfranchisement. But we should also adopt pre-
cautionary steps to prevent the strong temptations to
which many of the electors are now exposed, and this
can only be done by subjecting the candidates to the tests
against bribery, to which voters only are now exposed.
If each candidate, and perhaps it might be no harm
to add, his accredited agents, were bound to take a
solemn obligation that they would not, directly or in-
directly, pay any sum of money for the pur-
pose of influencing any vote, or make any
allowance for expenses, the objects of which
were not fully explained, and of a perfectly
legal character, the system of bribery and corruption that now unfortunately prevails would be com-
pletely knocked on the head. But anything less
than that will be utterly useless. A single de-
linquent may be captured ; prisoner sent to New ate an occasional
of the may exhibit the power
House of Commons in a strong light, but he
will serve as a beacon to warn others from falling
into similar mistakes
salutar y , rather than as a
that
caution to avoid such courses. We trust
the
investigation about to be instituted may turn
fore
the Lettislature into the right ,we feel g direction, and, there-
and fairly really anxious that it should be fully
carried out in the spirit in which it was
conceived, and
that
beneficial effects nothing should occur to mar the
which it is calculated to produce.

I Lllygl°4bnl Vihe share
liertil :et
e r '
h t.heitrhevireiwgaht
NatioinnaelreEducation is one that must
The question of
disposetoodf
necessarily occupy kii
attention until it h increasing
Much earnestness has already beeu rtll7.
sion by the two societies at
who, con-
other
fiicting thong.
are yet working in path, some respects,
tohtfh.eedPiuscblusi!
gether in the end. If their real and .. ~ ' and muse
come to-
ut reference
ob-
ject be the education of the people, without
party or
to the ascendancy of this, that, or the
sect, whether political or religious, we can anticipate
no other issue than an ultimate cordial co-operation
and powerful united action of the two societies. The
cause of popular education is assuredly a great
one, and second in importance to no other that can
be named at this time of day.
The most thoughtful men now begin to regard
With apprehension and alarm the fact of a large mass
of our population being allowed to grow up to ma-
ture years without the means of ordinary elementary
instruction, withd • min s untaught, and abandoned to
all the • passing impressions of the senses, unable to
read or to comprehend the
laws which they are re-
quired to obey, and
reaping as little advantage from
the civilization amid which they •
live as if they were
natives of Kamtschatka or Terra del Fue go. Yet these
gi lower classes" of ours are a noble race of men,
equal to any on the earth's surfs ce. Would
you We proof of what the Ada of their

hands can do look at the World's Exhibi-
tion, where they stand unrivalled as artisans
and mechanics. Furnish them with facilities for in-
tellectual culture which, as industrial members of a
great and wealthy community, they are entitled to
have, and we shall find them, as men and citizens,
equal to any other in the world.
Notwithstanding all that benevolent individuals in
this country have done for the education of the
poorer classes, the deficiency in the means of ele-
mentary instruction is now generally admitted.
There are large numbers of agricultural parishes in
the southern counties without a single school, and
where the bulk of the population can neither read nor
write ; where schools, even if built by galvanic effort,
can scarcely be kept supplied with teachers and the re-
quisite school apparatus, for want of money ; the landed
proprietors being absent, and refusing for the most
part to contribute towards the maintenance of the
schools. This is the general complaint of her MAJES-
resjlnspictors of Schools in their annual reports, just
published : they allege that "the schools are starving
for want of funds"—that the means of paying good
teachers and a sufficient number of them, cannot be
got—and hence they are unanimous in recommend-
ing that a public provision for education be obtained
through means of a local rate. The landlords may
at present refuse to contribute towards the educa-
tion of the children of the labourers on their estates ;
but the land is there; " property has its duties as well
as its rights," and it can be assessed ;to prevent star-
vation of the mind as well as starvation of the body.
Here,' then, is a point of general concurrence of opi-
nion between her MAJESTY'S Inspectors of Education
and the two Educational Societies of Manchester;
and their arrival at this point marks an important
stage of progress in the educational movement.
The point of divergence is this—that one section of
the educationists insists on religious instruction being
imparted in the schools together with the school in-
struction, and the other insists on the schoolmaster
being confined to his proper mission of imparting
school instruction only. New, with every regard to
the importance of early religious instruction, we
have great doubts as to the propriety or the necessity
of converting schoolmasters into priests, and devolv-
ing upon them the duty which more especially belongs
to parents and religious teachers. Surely, the Church
of England, which is the most splendidly appointed
as regards wealth of any State Church in the world,
ought to be slow thus to confess its incompetency
to religiously educate the children of the community.
But we are disposed to maintain that in undertaking
to impart creeds, the national schoolmaster would be
departing from his proper business. What creed is
he to teach ? " The Articles of the Church," says
the Churchman. But we cannot forget that there
are
,Independents, Methodists, Roman Catholics, and
Separatists of all kinds in nearly every parish of
England, as well as Churchmen ; and if you give one
creed the preference in the schools, they do not fulfil
the requirements of public or national schools, but
are only the schools of a religious sect.
Mr. DENISON and his followers go further, and in-
sist that the schools shall be placed under the exclu-
sive control of the clergy of the Established
Church. This is only the same notion expanded
into intolerancy. It is born in Jesuitism, and
is worthy of its origin. The Jesuits were
the first to insist on all education whatsoever being
conducted and governed by priests; and our modern
clergy, in insisting on the inseparability of school in-
struction from creeds and articles of faith, are only
following in the footsteps of these wily despots.
What connexion there is between learning to write
and forms of faith, between geography and creed, be-
tween arithmetic and any point of divinity, we cannot
perceive, any more than we can detect a necessary
connexion between these subjects and shoemaking,
weaving, or typefounding.
There are few, we believe, now-a-days, who will
join Sir ROBERT Immo in deprecating all mere
intellectual knowledge as "an unmixed evil " Reli-
gious men knew that the greatest of all present
obstacles to the religious improvement of the people,
is ignorance, which is, in fact, anything but the
" mother of devotion." It is this which hinders the
usefulness of Sabbath schools, and renders them com-
paratively inefficient in improving the moral and re-
ligious character of the community; and it is this
which stands in the way of all religious teachers what-
soever ; for what impression can they make on men
who have not learnt the meaning of words, and grow
up to mature years unable to apprehend any ideas
beyond those associated with their merely animal
wants ?
While a large preponderance of such public opinion
as exists in reference to the education movement is
unquestionably on the side of an efficient public
provision being made for its support, there is also a
not inconsiderable nor uninfluential portion of Dis-
senters who are in favour of leaving matters
as they are, and to the operation of the voluntary
principle. They would let the rich men of property,
who are unwilling to subscribe towards the education
of their pauper peasantry, escape free, and saddle the
burden of educating the nation on the willing and
the liberal, who are yet, we fear, only in a small
minority, and are not the richest class. Even if we take
the most energetic and wealthy of the voluntary
educationists themselves, we do not find that their
efforts warrant us in inferring that the destitute and
uneducated poor will ever be educated on the volun-
tary principle only. The Rev. Mr. BORDER, of
Bristol, stated at the recent meeting of the Congre-
gational Union, that the Independents of England
contributed "less than a farthing annually per mem-
ber" towards the funds of the Congregational Board
of Education. And it appears from the last report
of the Voluntary School Association that the entire aid
granted by that body to the necessitous schools in Eng-
land during the whole year bad amounted to only
84Z., and the number of pupil-teachers taught by
the association at the date of their last report was
only six. With about half the adult population of
England unable to read and write, and nearly one-
half of the children of school age not attending day-
schools, we must confess that these feeble efforts of
voluntaryism do not inspire us with great confidence
in its power to meet the existing educational neces-
sities of our country.
We believe, however, that an increasing number
of Dissenters contemplate with interest the Manches •
ter movement in favour of public schools, so ably
headed by Mr. COBDEN; and, provided a system of
national education could be devised, which should not
in any way trench upon religious liberty or the
rights of conscience, we do not entertain a doubt
that it would be hailed by them as a boon of Mer
timable value to the nation.

AMERICAN NEWS.

LIVERPOOL, TUESDAY, MlDNisaiT.
By the United States mail steam-ship Baltic, which
arrived in the river shortly after eleven o'clock, we have
received New York advices of the 7th instant.
The Baltic brings 150 passengers and 827,000 dolls.
in specie on freight.
The United States mail steam-ship Pacific, Captain
Nye, with the English mails of the 28th ult., arrived at
New York at eleven o'clock on the morning of the
7th instant.

We rejoice to find that the statement copied by
ourselves from the Daily Netts of Monday morning, an.
nouncing the death of Daniel Grant, Esq., of Manchester,
was entirely unfounded.
MR. H. C. Coorza's CONCBILT.—On Monday
evening Mr. Cooper, the English violinist, gave a concert at
the rooms, 71, Mortimer-street, embracing a fine selection of
chamber compositions, and affording a rich treat to amateurs
of classical instrumental music, Mr. Cooper being ably as-
sisted by Mr. W. S. Bennett and Messsr. Sainton, Hill, and
Rousselot. Haydn's quartett in F minor, No. 35, and Men-
delssohn's brilliant quartett in A minor, 2, were led by
M. Sainton with a thorough appreciation of their manifold
beauties, which he brought out with good effect. Spohr's
grand violin duet in D minor, which draws largely upon the
amboyedc
xthsatrny. ilcceaoloofpr eesero.zuerercue
tsi
oolf2 theof
Messrs. performers,
Sainton
a exhibitednd thec Cooper
pe
rpowersto
quartett ofandßeewthasovean"
grandest of Beetholvleeina'.s
Pg
erre faete ti
n ' laiundedß wittilita. enthusiasm. The
led
feature
of the evening was the posthumous
isqubayrtezeencdonitsidr.erecdooptoer,bwehtohsee
displayed so complete
passages as to efiecturtlly
aecroutaion seem to be almost unlimited,
powers of unerring
presto ho played with dispelstery of the many complicated
._
eaec. all idea of difficulty. The
cf ua
N,I -a" t7nina ,n toen was
tPheer fino rgori te d‘
et withodn dsr
ifdouenli iand
of thsep ii
rni st p. tTheen
sb eeafut
ht ie-
cacy and finish, and the
ire
great German composer, was •
given with gre intensit of
feeling. The ensemble of the quartett y
Ran wells ustained
throughout, and could not be otherwise composed of
the distinguished members of the Beethoven Quartetten Society.
t conclude this notice without remarking'Wecannot that one
excellences in the la •of the chief .
P Ying of Mr. cooper con-
I certainty of intonation, in which re-
spectsis
is equalled by few and surpassed hy no he
performance of music requiring ne,tnore espe-
cially in the .
n. The concert waswell
a high order
mechanical execution.
attended,
of
the audience we observed a considerable num-
and amongst
ber of talented =gear&

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris journals of yesterday.
The conclusion of the sitting of the Assembly on
Monday was taken up with interfellations brought
forwarded by M. LARABIT, relative to an assertion
made in the notes which M. CARLI3B had confided to
M. FORCADE, but which this later gentleman had
published, to the effect that a representative of the
people had obtained a situation inder the Govern-
ment for a protégé on condition o' sharing with him
the emoluments of the place. Tie Members of the
Left proposed a Parliamentary inquiry into the facts
of the case; but, after some discussion, the Assembly
adopted the order of the day, pure and simple, by 335
votes to 306.
All the journals of every shale, save and except
the organs of the Elys6e censure the Assembly for
refusing to institute the inquiry demanded, and quote
the notorious Teste case as a ca* in point.
M. BOUIIIER DE L'Eceuse as presented to the
National Assembly the following proposition relative
to the revision of the Constituticn:—
" On the second Sunday in May, 1852, all the electors
of France, assembled in their respective electoral col-
leges, shall be called on to proceed by universal suffrage,
such as existed before the law of Nay 31, in the manner
and according to the mode then followed:-1. To the
nomination, in execution and according to the terms of
Article 45 of the Constitution, of a provisional President
of the Republic. 2. To the nombation of a new Con-
stituent Assembly, invested with the special mandate of
the people, and with full powers to proceed to the total
revision of the Constitution of 1848, and to declare the
government of France."
A proposition has been presented to the Assembly
for a repeal of the duty on colonial rum.
The Pays has an eloquent article from the pen of
M. de Lamartine, on the recem discussions in the
Assembly on the subject of thepassive obedience of
the army. The following is an ixtract:—
" We have been profoundly aflicted by what passed
in the two last sittings of the Assembly on the subject
of the National Guard, and especially by the doctrines
propounded by ono speaker, M. Irnaud (de l'Ariage).
The doctrines of M. Arnaud on be obedience of armed
bodies would tend to nothing less thin the overthrow of all
law, all subordination, all sovereignty of the majority, all
society. The following dilemma well prove this:—Either
the army is below the law, or the array is above the law. If
the army is subject to the law, it bust be obedient to it;
and if the army disobeys the law, there is no longer any
law at all; the army itself becomrs the law, for it is the
supreme power. The discretionary disobedience of the
army would, therefore, be only the sovereignty of force.
Bat to speak truly, there are mysteries at the beginning and
end of all these discussions trenchieg on the metaphysical
basis of human societies. These mysteries can never be
fathomed without danger, for tie human mind meets
there with certain problems whici reason is powerless to
solve, and which never can be soled, except as the exist-
ence of God himself is solved—by van's faith. The wisdom
of legislators, and especially ofsolders, consists in avoiding
such problems and trusting to common sense. The plain
common sense of the nation is Letter able to deal with
such matters than the mistaken metaphysics of M. Ar-
naud and the systematic insubordination of M. Charras.
What says the common sense ce the people? It says,
No doubt there are extraordinary moments and extreme
cases, against which no law cat provide, in which the
soldier may, by an exceptiot as unusual as great
crimes and earthquakes, find hmself called upon to de-
cide whether he shall obey his conscience or the orders
of his superior. Are the rules ot these monstrous ex-
ceptions to the ordinary cotrse of things to be the
standard for his conduct? Certainly not, for that
would produce the very svil to be avoided.'
Thus, Charles IX. commanded the Viscount
d'Orthez, and M. de Lagsiche, commaneant of
Macon, to slay all the Protestants in their pro-
vinces on a certain night. Subordination said:
' Kill!' Conscience said: Offer your own head rather
than imbrue your hands in the :nnocent blood of your
brethren.' They offered their beads : do you condemn
them? Perlenps you do; but God absolves, and posterity
honours them ! Again, Bonaparte ordered members of a
military commission to go to Vincennes in the night, and
there condemn to death and execute a young man, the
Duke of Enghien' illegally arrested on neutral ground.
Did they obey? Yes, they did. The crime commanded
was legally accomplished by their votes and executed by
their hands. Are they innocent? According to discip-
line, no doubt, they are; but before their conscience and
posterity they are not. Who then can fathom this abyss?
God alone! Who, in cases like these, can decide as to the
right or wrong of disobedience There are only two judges:
man by his conscience, and God in heaven. But of
these two judges one is invisible, and does not decide
till we have passed away; the other is visible, but de-
cides only by an illogical and unanswerable tact, namely,
a revolution. Who will dare to face either of these
judges? No moral and reasonable being; and for that
reason there has been written down in all languages,
and, as long as society exists, there will continue to be
written down, on the title page of all our military codes,
the mysterious words—PASSIVE OBEDIENCE OF TRE
ARMY."
The Bourse was not so firm, and the price of public
securities declined, in consequence, as it was said, of
many of the speculators realizing the profits made since
the beginning of the month. The Five per Cents. opened
at 92f. 60c., and closed at 92f. 45c.; the Three per Cents.
closed
Rouen, at 55f. 45c.; Orleans Railroad Shares, 855 f.;
Vierzo 636f.
463 25c.; Havre, 247 f. 50c; Avignon, 220 f. ;
n, F. 75c.; Basle, 1521.50 c.; Bordeaux, 4001.;
Paris and Strasburg, 368 f. 75c.; Tours and Nantes, 275 f.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT ThE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, JUNE 17.
Boulogne and Amiens, 918—East Indian, 23—Namur and
Liege, 6%—Northein of France, 15 _Orleans and Bor-
deaux, 3'Xi —Tours and Nantes, 7 ex div.

SPAIN.
Madrid journals of the 12th have arrived.
The Chamber of Deputies was definitely consti-
tuted
date on that
was day, and Senor MAYANS, the Ministerial
condi, elected President by 141 votes out of
177. OLOZAQA, the Progresista candidate, obtained
26 votes.
MADRID 130LSA, JUNE 12.—The following are
the 1
1- prices 1
to of Stocks :—The Three per Cents.,
36 16
_ ; Five per Cents., with current cou-
pon, .16i ; Coupons, B'l. Passive Debt, 7i to I.
Exchange on London, 51.

GERMAN Y.
The Augsburg Gazette publishes the text of the
speech of the Prince DE SCIIWARTZENDERG on closing
the conferences at Dresden, but it adds little to
what was already known. Tne Prince stated that
several material points had been agreed upon in the
conferences, and he had reason to hope that the other
points would be decided by the Diet of Frankfort to
the satisfactio❑ of all parties.
The Breslau Gazette states that the demands of
Denmark as regards the Duchies of Schleswig-Hol-
stein have found favour with the Emperor of RUSSIA,
and that Austria has consented to them on the condi-
tion that Denmark shall enter into the Germanic
Confederation with all her states.

Preston anal
Wyre

D 0.% Shares A
Read., Guild.,
and Reigate ..
Roy. St liitchin
o. Shep.
Shef., Roth. and
Goole, .5 per et.
South Staffords.
Wear Val. 6 per
Cent. gua.

Do. do,

Do. do.

Wilts, Som., &
Weymouth ..

DENMARK AND THE DUCHIES.
" The Danish General," says the French Press of
Hamburgh of June 12, " appears to persist in
his resolution of putting the Holstein contingent
under the command of Danish officers, and it
is thought that when M. Reedtz returns from
Warsaw the contingent will be organized on
that plan. The Danish Government wishes the
Austrian and Prussian troops to evacuate the
fortress of Rendsburg. It is believed that
Germany would consent to this if the Danish Go-
vernment would agree to put garrisons of Hol-
steiners in Rendsburgh and Kiel. But Den-
mark i 3 averse to separating the Holstein troops
(with the excPption of the contingent) from the
rest of the Danish army, and insists on putting
what garrison she pleases in those places. She
also wishes to break off the negotiations with
the Commissioners at Kiel, and continue them
at Frankfort. It would appear that the Germanic
Confederation has replied that under the circum-
stances they cannot withdraw the federal troops from
Rendsburg, nor break off the negotiations at Kiel,
as the troops and commissioners were sent to remain
there till the affair was definitively settled."

RUSSIA.
The National Gazette of Berlin has the following
from Bukowine :—" A new ukase of the Emperor of
Russia for recruiting in all the Empire, has just been
promulgated; and as it follows close on a recent very
considerable levy, it appears to have a considerable
importance. It must be added that it is
desired to prepare the army for all the fatigues of a
war. Orders have been given to send all the troops
encamped on the frontier into the interior, and to re-
place them by troops from the interior. The regi-
ments which have served in the Caucasus, and which
are considered the best in the army, are to be chosen
to proceed to the frontier." :1

TU
The Trieste Gazette RKEY.publishes a letter of th 9th
from Aleppo, which states that Father Baseile, a
Capucin monk, had been strangled at Aleppo, at the
foot of the altar, where he was officiating. This
murder is said to have produced a great sensation in
that city. M. de Lesseps, the French Consul, had
given orders for the most rigorous search to be made
to discover the perpetrators of it.

In the sitting of ITALY.
the 13th of the Chamber of De-
puties at Turin the Minister of Finance took an op-
portunity of weakening the effect of the last vote of
the Chamber on the Nice question, by declaring that,
although the article enacting the revision of the Cus-
toms' tariff had been deprived of its stringent cha-
racter, he telt it his duty to assure the inhabitants of
Nice from the tribune that the Government con-
sidered itself morally bound to execute the provisions
of that article, and that the revision of the tariff must '
necessarily precede the abolition of the free port. The
Minister added that he undertook the personal obliga-
tion of promoting that revision, even as a deputy,
should he happen not to be a member of the Cabinet
at the time.

The Croce di Savoia of Turin quotes letters from
Sicily, stating that all the forts and fortresses of the
island are being put in A state of defence.

Railways.

Aberdeen.. ••
Anibergate, Nottingham,
Boston, & E. Juncion
Belfast and County Down
WoiverhamP,
and Stour Valley ••
Birkenh., Lan., & Chesh
June., late 33/. 6s. BEI..
Do. Chest. & Birkenhd.,
501. & 251. Consolidated
Do., do., 201...
Bristol and Exeter..
Caledonian .. • • • •
Chester and Holyhead ..
Direct Lond. and Ports=
Dublin and Belfast ,Junct.
Dublin and Kingstown..
Dundalk and Enniskillen
Dundee, Perth, and Aber-
deen Junction
Do., New
East Anglian (251. L. &
E. and L. & D.) ..
Do. (184 E. & H.) ..
Eastern Counties ..
Eastern Union, class A,
late E. U. shares ••
Do. do. do. ..
Do. do., B & C shares
East Lancashire ..
Do. New quarters • •
Edinburgh and Glasgow
Edin., Perth, and Dundee
Exeter and Exmouth .• 1
Glasgow and South-West,
Do. do. G. D. &C.stock S
Great Northern ••
Do. halves, A, deferred
Do. halves, B, 6 per et.
Great Southern and,
Western, Ireland • •
Great Western ..
Do. New, 171. . ••
Lancaster and Carlisle ..
Do. thirds •• ••
Lancaster and Preston ..
Lancashire and Yorkshire
Do. quarter shares ..
Do. fifths .. • ..
Do. West Riding Union
Leeds and Thirst • •
Liverpool, Crosby, and
Southport ..
London and Blackwell
Do., Tilbury Eat. Scrip
London, Brighton, and
South Coast ..
London and N.-Western I
Do. do. now quarters .
Do. fifths .. • • ..
Do. 101. sh., &B (c)
London and S.-Western
Do. new 501.
Do. new 401.
Manchester, Buxton, and
Matlock • •
Manchester, ShefSeld, &
Lincolnshire
Do. Manchester and
Lincoln Union
Midland • . • • ..
Do. 50/. shares
••
Do. Binning & Derby
Midland Gt. West. (Ire,)
Newcastle and Carlisle..
Do. quarter shares
Newmarket
Newport, Abergavenny,
and Hereford
Newry and Enniskillen .•
Newry, Warrenpoint, &
Rostrevor
Norfolk ..
Do. New 20/. shares..
Northern Counties Union
North British..
North Staffordshire ••
North-Western
North & Sth.-West. June,
Oxford, Worcester and
Wolverhampton.. ..
Scottish Central .. „
Scottish Midland
Do. new
Shrews. & Itirn a., Class A
Do. Clasi 8..
;brews. & Hereford., Old
Do., do., New ..
Shrewsbury and Chester
(Nor. W. Min.)
Do. Ilales .•
Do. Oswestry
Do. New.. ..
Shropshire Union ••
Do., A, B, C, & D, flally
paid up at per cent
South Devon • •
South- Eastern South Wales.. ..
South Yorks/a. and River
Dun
••
Shell., Roth., and Goole,
South Division ..
Stockton and Hartlepool 16
Sw.,nsea & Loughor, Re.
raw Vale Extension ..
Thames Haven Deck and
Railway
Vale of Neath • • ••
Waterford and Kilkenny
Waterford and Limerick,
Waterford, Wex., Wick.
and Dublin West Cornwall ..•
• • •
West London ..
.. • • e
Whitehaven and Furness
York, Newcastle, & Ber-
wick .. .• • • 2
Ditto and Newcastle
Extension .. 2'
Ditto G.N.E. purchase! York and North Midland zi

LINES LEASED AT

Railways.

perks and Hants
Ex. 5 per Cent.
Bir. and Oxford
June.,callsduly
paid, or with a
guarantee ..
Do., without a
guarantee ..
Linn., WoL, &
Dud.,calls duly
paid, or with a
guarantee ..
Do., without a
guarantee .

Leasing
Companies.

!Gt. Westarn,

'Do .

Buckinghamsli;
Clydesdale June
E. Lln., Guar. 6
per Cent. ..
Gloucester and
Dean Forest
lull and Selby
DO. 34 Shares
Do. % Shares
Leeds and Brad.
Lon. and Green.
Do., Pref. ..
Lowestoft, Gd. 4
por Cent.
Do., 6 per cent
Middlebbro' and
Redcar, 6 p. et
N. & East, 51
per Cent.
Do. New

Do .

'Do

Do ..
Lon. k N.w.l
Caledoilan

'G. Northern

iGt. Western
k N. M.
Do
Do ..
;Midland ..
S. Eastern ..
Do

Norfolk .
Do ..

Stookt.ticDarl

E. Connties
Do
L. & N.W.
&La.& Y.I
Do

Is. Eastern • •
G. Northern

ILane.& York
Mr. 31'C1ean

Stock.& Dar.
Do .. ..
Do .. ..

,Gt. Western

.2,Eriia:

Aberdeen .• "----•• • •
Caledonian 101. .. ..
Chester and Holyhead ..
Dund. Per. & Aber. June,
East Anglian (31. 10s.)
G per cent. .. ..
Eastern Counties Exten.,
6 per cent. No. 1
Do. No. 2 .. .. ..
Do. New 6 p. ceat. Stock
Eastern Union, Scrip
gnaraa. 6 per cent.
Do. 101. Dsben. Shares .
East Lancashire, 6 per
cent. quarter shares ..
E. & W. York. June. sths
Edin. Per. &Dua. 511.p.ct.
Glasgow & S.-W. Consol.
Gt. Northern, 5 per cent.
Great South. & Western
(Ireland) eighths .. ..
Lancashire and York-
shire, F. 20/. .. .. ..
Do. 6 per ct. Stock ..
Leeds and Thirsk, 6 per
cent., No. 1.. .. ...

Do. quarters, 1848 ..
London, Brighton, and
South Coast guar. 5 per
et., late Croydon thirds
Do. pref., 5 p ct. Stock,
1851, from 501. share. E
Do. new guar., 6 per ct.
Loudon &S -W ❑ew ..

___ __.. .. .. -...., ..
Londonderry and Ennis-
killen, half shares ..
Manch., Sheffield, and
Line., guar. shrs., No. 1
Do. new, 101. . • • •
_ _

Do., 61.
Midland Con. 6 p. c. stock
Do. Consel. Bristol &
Birmlng., 6 per cent...
Do. Bristol do Gloucea.
Norfolk Extension
Do. guar. 5% per cent.
Do. Waveney Valley ..
North British ..
Oaf. Wor. &Viol. 151.6 p.c
Shrewsbury and Blrm.
New Guaranteed ..
Shrews. and Ches. (Nor.
W. 311 n.) 8 per cent,
South Devon ..
South-Eastern, 4% p. ct.
Waterford & Kilkenny, 51.
WestLondon,lst Cl. (1010
Do. 2d Class do. (par)
York, Newc., and Beriv.,
Gt. N.of E. Fur. ..
York and North Midland
11. and S. Purch.

Boulogne and Amlen.s
Central of France (Or-
leans and Viercon)
Demerara .
Dutch Rhenish
East Indian
Do. do. do. ••
Great Indian Peninsula..
Ditto ditto
Louvain a la Samre
Luxembourg ..
Ditto ..
Madrid and Valentia
Maria Antonia
Ditto, New •• ••
Namur and Liege .. ••
Northern of France • •
Orleans and Bordeaux ..
Paris and Orleans
Paris and Rouen • •
Paris and Strasbourg
P.ouen and Havre
Sambre and Meuse • •
Tours and Nantes ..
Tournay, Jurbise, Lan-
den, and Hasson
Wait Ylaniterl es

2716 s 13c1

•• ... .
3g •-•a.