The Sun.
London, England, 1856-01-07 00:00:00

NE IV COLLIERIES IN SCOTLAND.

The formation of the line of railway from Hamilton to
Leshinah,igow is already giving occasion to the letting of
many new fields of minerals, the sinking new coal pits,
and working new Eeams of ironstone. At the Hamilton—
and this is already apparent—a new pit has been sunk by
Mr. Gray of Coatbridge, on the lands of Dalzel, near tke

Roman Camp, close to the new railway bridge over the
Clyde. The coal strata here dip to the east and also
towards the river. The depth, therefore, of the pit is
considerable, fully sixty-seven fathoms- but the bed of
coal is a good one, about eight feet thick, six feet of
which can be made available. The lifting apparatus,
engines, pumps, ventilators, &c., of this colliery are of
the best and most approved kind, and being almost
alongside of the railway, its produce can be readily
transported to market. Between this pit and Dales'
village another pit is being sunk by Mr. Thos. King,
the enterprising contractor for the bridge over the Clyde
and cart of the new railway. Coal is expected at sixty
fathoms. Between this pit and Mr. Gray's there is a
dyke or break dividing the coal field. Around Larkball
new pits are being sunk, and the town of Hamilton is
being partially supplied with their coals, a depot for which
is expected to be formed near Hamilton, at the Fer-
niegair etation of the Lesmahagow Railway. This
railway terminates at Bankend in Douglas parish, where
ironstone is being largely wrought, and a new village is -1
fast springing into existence. The railway is not ex-
pected to be open till May, the loss of the service bridge,
over the Clyde, the slipping of embankments, and other 'll°
articles having delayed the completion of the contracts ;
besides the main line, there will be several short branches
in connection with important collieries and mineral
fields. The ultimate extension of the line to Muirkirk,ie
talked of, and will complete the chain of connection
between the Glasgow and South-Western and Caledo-
nian Companies. The cuttings near Motherwell are of
considerable depth, and involve the erection of several
road bridges. The alteration of the line and the erec-
tion of a now and spacious station here will greatly
facilitate the enormous traffic that will converge from all
the points of the compass at Motherwell.—NorthßritiB4
Daily Mail.

EFFECT OF LAND CARRIAGE UPON
RUSSIAN TRADE.

In the report on the trade of Hull for the year
1855, published under the authority of a commit-
tee appointed by the Hull Chamber of Commerce
and Shipping, We find the following observe-

tions :

On taking a retrospect for the past year of the trade
of this port, which, it is well known, is largely con-
cerned with the North, of Europe, it does not appear
that the business has been so much limited by the war
with Russia as might have been reasonably anticipated,
although it must be remarked that no port in the king-
dom has suffered so much from the interruption of busi-
ness with that country. The principal imports from
Russia previous to the war consisted of hemp, flax, iron,
tallow, linseed, hides, wool, tar, and deals, with large
quantities of wheat and oats, when prices in this eountry
were each as to induce a trade in grain. The frontiers
of Prussia being open for the transport of goods to and
from Russia, it appears that the articles of flax, heap,
tallow, and linseed, to some extent, have been able to
bear the heavy land carriage charges for shipment from
Memel and Konigsberg, so that the importation of these
articles (except linseed) has been kept fully adequate to
the consumption of this district. With a continuanoe
of the war there seems no probability of a want being
felt for these articles, as with increased experience the
arrangements for the land transport will be more ma-
turely effected ; and this expense of carriage is not so
injurious, on the whole, to Russia as Was expected—
that on their exports being greatly paid by the enhanced
prices in this country, while their imports, as being
much more limited in quantitY, obtain the benefit of
back carriage, which, being in considerable supply, can
be furnished at mach reduced rates. A large portion of
this land carriage goes into the hands of the Russian
landowner. The land carriage on hemp, fax, and tal-
low, from the St. Petersburg district to Memel, is un-
derstood to be about 1 01. to 121. per ton, while return
goods are taken at much lower rates ; thus the lower
values bear the heaviest charge. As with the transport
of Russian articles over the Prussian frontier, so it has
been by the coast of Sweden and the Gulf of Bothnia.
Previous and subsequent to the blockade of the FWand
ports considerable traffic has taken place between'llliese,
two countries, and it is through this channel we have'
received the Finland tar ; while considerable imperil(
into Russia have thus been effected of colonial and
prothicg