The Sun.
London, England, 1856-03-10 00:00:00

MONEY MARKET

AND
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.

CITY, Two o'CLocK.

The Liverpool Cetton Market on Saturday closed
with a tame though steady feeling, and prices wore
the same as on Friday. The sales were estimated
at 7,000 bales, 1,000 of which were taken for ex-
port. In addition to Americans, 160 Pernam and
Maranham, at 60. to 7d. ; 40 Bahia, 61d. ; 700
Egyptian, 61(1. to 7(1. ; and 500 Surat, 4d. to 4d.
per lb. The Railway Sharo Market was firm, and
prices were a shade dearer than on Friday.

Accounts from Belgium contain the Government
returns of the imports of graia and flour during
the month of February. During that period the
items were as follows :—Wheat, 3,578,213 kilos. ;
qe, 175,888 kilos. ; oats, 278,012 kilos. ; barley,
1,637,857 kilos. ; and flour, 237,728 kilos. From
the Ist January, 1856, the quantities imported
were :—Wheat 15,987,667 kilos ; rye, 1,234,647
kilogrammes ; oats, 1,201,000 kilos. ; barley,
5,082,303 kilos., and flour, 919,728 kilos. At the
entrepot of Antwerp the stock on hand at the close
of February amounted to 7,959,380 kilos. of wheat,
3,870,914 kilos. of rye, 915,216 kilos. of flour, and
2,343,933 kilos. of buck wheat. These items show
that the import trade of grain throughout Belgium
is on the increase ; but as there is a large propor-
tion transmitted by railway to the neighbouring
States, the home consumption of foreign grain is
AEA much greater than during the same period in
1855.

At Havre the Cotton Market continues quiet,
'with firmness in prices. The arrivals from America
are increasing. Ordinary New Orleans is 92f. per
50 kilos., and inferior sorts from 82f. to 87f. The
stock on band on the 7th instant was 58,932
bales, of all sorts, against 71,918 bales in
1855. Up to that date, from the Ist Janu-
ary, the quantity imported front the United
states amounted to 78,941 bales, and in the corre-
sponding period of 1855, 29,894 bales.
By telegraph from Vienna it is announced that
the French Railway Company has obtained a con-
cession for continuing the Austrian lines on to
Semlin. This has had the effect of advancing their
shares 10 florins on the Bourse.
The directors of the East Anglian Railway Com-
Patty have issued their report, which states the
interest for the half-year, on the B Stock, will be
at the rate of 6 per cent., and on the C Stock
2/. 184. 4 per cent. per annum. The shares have
011 this account slightly improved.
During the fortnight ending Saturday last the
ton. East India Company had drawn bills on the
three Presidencies to the amout of 159,0691.
(c. ad.

The following hre the. Railway Calls advertised
as becoming due during the present month :

Company. Date. ran. Amount.
Ileigian Eastern Junction 13... 40 10 0... £21,250
ttridport 10... 110 0... 9,750
Dutch Rhenish 31... 3 0 0... 19,368
tut Indian Extension
kid]. and Redcar, New 251 1... 3 0 0... 2,160

Total £802,000
The corn trade is inactive to-day, and in prices
very little change has taken place.
The Funds are exceedingly quiet in the absence
of any important political intelligence from Paris.
To-morrow being account day, the dealers are
busily occupied with the necessary arrangements,
and these check speculation. Money continues in
active demand, and the charge for carrying over
is still #to 13- per cent. Consols for money opened
at about 91g 4, but have since been 9ii I, which
'were the latest prices current on Saturday. For
the 18th proximo they are about 92 to 4. The
Scrip is 1 j prem. Exchequer Bills are is. prem.,
and the New Scrip is 1 to Y prem.
The transactions recorded in the Foreign Stock
market have been circumscribed. Turkish 6 per
Cents, are 96 to 96k, which is about per cent.
decline, but the Guaranteed have risen to 1001 I.
Spanish 3 per Cents. are heavy at 43, but the New
Deferred are firmer—viz., 24 to 24k. Mexican are
dull at 20i 1, Cuba 7 per Cents. at 101, and Dutch
4 per Cents. at 95.

The following are the nominal prices of Foreign
Stocks:—Grenada Deferred Bonds, 61 to 71 ;
Mexican, 20i ; Peruvian, 79 81, ; ditto 3 per
Cents., 56 58 ; Portuguese 4 per Cents., 47
49 ; Illissian 5 per Cents., 101 103 ; ditto 41 per
Cents., Q 2 84 ; Spanish 3 per Cents., 421 31 ; ditto
Deferred, 23?4 23i ; ditto Certificates, 4i 5 ; ditto
Passive, 6i A.

For Railway Shares there is an inanimate mar-
ket, and prices are flatter. Eastern Counties and
Great Northern are weaker, but most of the other
hues are without alteration.

Foreign Mining Shares are dull, Banks steady,
and Miscellaneous Shares attract very little atten-
tion. Canada Land, after the recent advance,
have dropped 4/. to W.

tltinsFi FUNDS THIS DAY.-CLOSING PRICES.

Prom the Oticial Lizt.)

Rusin..- done.
a ner Cent Consols Annnities 9li 12]
,dew 3 per Cent. Annuities 921
l'one• Annuities, expire sth Jan. 1S(0
Ditto 39 Years, expire sth Jan , 1860 3i
eni.,,is for Account
, Ditto Scrip
4'rehequer Scrip
Exchequer Bills, 24d.
£1000
£5OO 1 p
Brnall .
Ditto Advertised 2 d
Ditto Bouds, 1858, 34 per Cent.. 93. I
PEACES OF FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAY.
enba Bonds, 6 per Cent —
Ditto 7 per Cent. (4atansa ani Sabanilla) 101
Pxpiarlor Bonds
Orcuada Now Active, 1 per Cent.
43'ican 3 per Cent
Ditto Account .
eirdinian Bouts, 5 per Cent. ..
Ditto Account
°Daman Bonds, 3 per Cent
Ditto Few Deferred, 3 per Cent.
Ditto Passive
7/Irkit.h Ponds, 6 per cent 96
Ditto Account 96i 6 i
Ditto New Scrip 4 per Cent IOO,E ii-
D'tnernela Bonds, 41 per Cent 29
Ditto Deferred, 10 per Cent. .

lividends on toe above oavable in London.
butch Exchange, 2i per Cent., 12 Gull 64
Ditto 4 per Cent. Certificates

THREE O'CLOCK.

Con gol., money 9ll
Ditto Account, March 11

LLOYD'S SHIPPING.—(This Day.)

LowroN., March 10.—Wind this day at noon, N.
fight breeze.
PouTsmoUTH,March9. —Wind N.W.—Arrived—H.M.S.
Hawk, from Devonport ; Alps (s. tpt.), Queenstown;
Harlingen (s. tpt.) Malta ; H.M.Str. Dragon, Bristol,
with 9. gun-boat in tow, Sailed—Simla (s. tpt,), for
40‘thanipton.
DARTMOITTII, March 9.—Wind S.E.—Arrived—Emma,
from Newcastle, for Constantinople, towed round from
Torbay to repair.
FALMOUTH, March 9.—Wind E.—Arrived—John Han-
cock, from New Orleans, for Havre ; Catharina Hermann,
RaYana. Off the port—Roland, from Batavia, for Bre-
Izen.

PLYMOUTH March 9.—Sailed—Victoria (s,), for Mel-
out
CORE, March B.—Wind N.N.E.—Sailed—Garland, for
St. John's, N.B.
CARDIFF, March 9.—The Alphonsone Estelle, of Nantes,
"(1 a great portion of her deck blown up and received
other damage, by an explosion of gas. The Thomas, of
ether damage, by an explosion of gas. The Thomas, of
ork, from Newport, for Limerick, has come in with loss
nf Mainmast and other damage, from collision with the Rio
Plata, off the Nash.
LITREPooL, March 9.—The Clan Gregor, from Calcutta
to this port, which was on shore, on the sth Feb., on
Dock Point, has been assisted off and into the Princess
-"nolc Basin. The steam-tug Iron Bing, sent oat on the
6th March in search of the Effort, from Charente, aban-
doned at sea, has returned without any tidings of her.
f
has
Shiels, for Genoa, which put ashore on the 6th inst.,
" off'
been got o after throwing over a considerable por-
tion of her cargo (coals).
SCILLY. March 7.—wind E..— Arrived.—Minatro, from
•
nt e Video, for Liverpool ; James, Berbice •, Joseph
ale, Mobile; Wanderer, Demerara. Off the port—
m°Utah). Way., from Charleston, for Havre.

(PER ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.)
SOUTHAMPTON, Monday Morning.
Arrived.—South-Western, steamer. from Jersey.
Sailed Australia. —C1Bra, for Sunderland ; Arthur the Great,

BY SUBMARINE AND BRITISH TELEGRAPH.)
Wind N, GRAVESEND, Monday, 9.52 a.m.
Arrived. .Bee, ; fino; tide, five hours' ebb.
from Antwerp.
Sailed.—Filectric Flash, for Cape Coast Castle.
DEAL, Monday, 9.21 am.

Wind N.W., moderate.

JOINT-STOCK BANK&
!O 11 k astral vti ?.,
100 50 Bank of London
40 all Rri. Col. Bk•&Ln. C ,.. ~,.
50 all firitish N. American ... ...
25 5 Marta. Bank of Asia id par
20 4 Ch td. Bnk. of India,
Australia, & China id par
100 50 City . - • 64
0
100 25 C,olon'al . ---
•••
100 20 Commercial of Loud . .__
20 all Eng.9.cot.&A.ns.Cht l6 —l7
20 all Loud. Chart. Bk. of
Australia l6 17
20 5 Ditto New 4 3d
50 2O London and County ... ... 35 4} 3
100' 50 nct.SzE.Bnk g.Corp. par 2p
50 10 ndon Joint Stock. ..
100 10 London and Paris li --- i
100 20 Loud. & Westminster ... ... 44} 4 }
100 35 National Pro.of Eng ••• ...
20 10 Do. New ..... . ..•
50 22A, National of Ireland ... ...
20 all New South Wales 37 39
25 all Oriental Bank of
1 Corporation. 4l 43
100 25 l`mvincial of Ireland ..• -- ...
10 all Do. New
K 1 R Aus B &Go Im Co ... •••
100 50 Royal British • •••
25 all :}oath Australia 3B 40
25 all . Union of Australia— 71 73 72}
Do. Now 7l —... iii
C5O 10 Union cf Lo don in n, ~,
_. -- IT
......,

LINES LEASED AT FpEED RENTALS.

iiAILWAYS;

Bedford and
Blot chley
Buckghamsh.
Clydesdale ie.
Col. Stour Vy.
Sud. and Hal.
E. Lin. v. 6 pc
E. Un. H. Sh.
Alas. Barr. &
Neils. Direct
Do. New......
Glstr.& Dn. Fr
Hrtlpl. Dk. &
Railway.....
Hull & Selby
Do. 4 Shares.
Do. Shares.
Lon.&Greenw
Do. Preference
Lon.,Til., &S.
Lowestoft gr.
4 per cent.
Do. 6 per ct.
Manch. Bxtn.
and Matlock
Middlesbro' &
Redcar.

Midld.Bradfd
Newmarket
Bury E. C.spe
N.dt Est.s p. e.
Do. 6 Per et.
Do. Fixeds p
Prest. At lA,
Do. 6 Shrs. A
Roystn.& Mt.
Shef.Roth.and
Gooleg.s p. c.
Shrews. Atlier.
S. Statiordsh.
Wear Vail eygr
6 per cent._
Do

Leastwz
Compani,

Wilts&,:7>orarst

London Su
N. We't.
b. ta. W.

E.Un.&
E. C......
rit.Nrthn.
n. Count.
aldonian.

Do
t. Westr
Yk. New.
& Berw.
Y. &N

Eastorr
Do
Veto &Co

rorfolk

IL.&N.W
& Midlci.
r3tckton
Darlingt.

:n. Coun.
Count,

[Do..

Closing rd 30a
this cloy

24 - 96
94 -

11 - 13

4f ... 41

&N.W.

... ..

IQ3 : IC$

is
23; - 24-4
105 - 110

2i - 2i

91 - 92

Do
Gt Northnl
Lancash &
Yorksh.
IT. Brassoy
1)1.31Cloan
Stockt. &
Darlingt
Do

P tP
5$ b 7

132 -- iii

'fltWostn.

Busintsaa
this day.

lioti

11081

7/ - 7i

•• :••
32 - A
33 - 85

92 1

(I
57 51

PREFERENCE SHARES.
St. 100 kherdeen ll2 - 116
St. 100 Do. N 0.2, 7p. c. . 112 - 116
St. 100 Do. Debentures 162 86
2.5 all Myth andTyn.:lo pm
c. pref. (issd. a t 50/ -
St. 100 Brig. & Ex, 4p.C. St 92 --94
20 5 Do. 4p. c. Shares ... -•• •
St. 100 Caledonian £lO 96 -98 95 74 i
~.. ••
15 all C,les•Salo. On. 56 pc 154 --• 164
91 all Do. do. Pref. No. 2 ... --- ...
24 all Do. do. Pref. No. 2 ... - -
64 all Cork 6tßandons6p.c ... -- • -
34, all Dun.Prth .tk Aber.J. 51 - 64
10 1 2 :.Anglian Clo.ASh. ... - • •
St. WO Do. do, els. B6p. c. 95 - 100
St. 'lOO Do. do Cls. C7p. c. 70 •-• 80
6:. all gas.Co.Es,spcNo.l 4
11, i Pm
el% all Do. No. 2. - 4 pm
10 all Do. New 6p.c. St 12 - 124 12
20 all East lin.' G. 6p. c. ... - -
5 all Do. 51., 10 por cent ... -- -
10 all Do. 1111. Debentr.Sl. ... - ...
St. all Do. do. 4 per cent ... - •••
St. 100 East Lanca,qh. 6p. ets ... -
5 all F. kW. York. J. sthr ... - ..•
10 1 lidin. & Gl. 5 p.s. eh. ... - •• •
:it. 100 id. Prth.&Dun.4p.c 63 - 70
20 all Furness - •••
St. ,100 (41as. & S.W. G. 5 p.c. - •
St. 100 Great Northn. sp. c 115 - 117 116
St. 100 Do. sp. a. Redeem
at 10 p. c. prom.. 1107 -7- 109
St. 100 Do. 46 p. e llOl - 103
121 74 Do. 5 p.c. Scrip, Red.
at sp. c. pm...
10 all (R.N. ofScot. Istire 96 •- 10
St. 100 Gt. S. etW. (Ireland ... - •••
20 11 Do. 4por c. Prof. S ... - ..•
50 6 Gt. W.(9. k,H.Exspc 6 - 64
St. 100 Do. con. red. 46 p.c, 92 - 94 93
St. jlOO D 9. con. red. 4p. c. 82 - 84
qt. 1100 Do. irred. 4p. c. . 84 - 86
St. jlOO Do. sp. e. red. pref 95 • 101
15 all Do. is, is. ... - ...
8 all Do. Birm. Pref. 311 9l - 104
10 all Do. Chester Bp. c. P.S 16# - 17
10 all Do. do. sp.c. do lO - 191
St 100 Do. Birin. Qua. Stk 70 - 72
2Q all Do. Ches. Qua. Sh l9 -20
134. all Do, do'. do 9h - 10
20 al Do. do. do l4 t - 141
16 6 Lan. & York. F. £2 1 - 1
St. 106 Do. 6p. c. Stock - 135
St. 100 Lon.&Brigh. G. 5 p.c. ... - ...
St. 10..1 Do. Pref., sp. o. St., .. - ...
St. 10') Do. Now Guar.6 p. c ... - ...
St 1.00 Do. do. 5 per cent . ... - ...
t 1.00 Lon. &N. W., Cov. d
Nuneaton sp. et ... - ...
St 100 Lon.& S.W. 7 per et -..- •••1'
1.2 all Londy. & Color. .4 Sh ... - ...
124 •,11 Londy. & Ennie.6 St ... - ...
St. 10`, NE.,S.,Sz L.,N0w,10/ ... - •••
ti 41 Do. X 6 ........ ...... i - i
12:1, all Nfarypt •& Carl. 4 p c ... - ...
124 all Do. 44 por cent ••• - •••
12! 10' Do
St. 100 Aid. Consol.6 p,c,F't ... -
St. 100 Do. Con.Br./or.6pc 112 - 134 134
St. PP 'Do. 46 p. s. Pref. S 91 - 96
164 all Do. Pref. 46per cc, 1 - i d a
5 all Do. 51. Pref. 4p. c. 4 - 41
St. 100 'Ditto L. &fl.?ref. S. . . - ~. 85
New., 1119 r., &c., pr.
... - ...
5 p. s. reel. 5 p c. pal.
10 all
10aui
Norfolk DOl:enter, ... - ...
St. 100 IDo.Pref. 4p.c. St ck .... - ...
St. iOO IDo. 5 p.c. Est ... - ...
St. 100 1D.,.). 56per ct.prof... ... - ...
St. 100 IDo•Vitay. Val. 5 p. c -
St. 100 ~Northßritish 9.9 - 101 1004 100
St. 100 N. E. Bern, 4 p.o P 90 -92 904 1
17 7 iDo. do. de 5 - 5i
20 13 Do Leeds 6 p.c ••No.l ... - ...
126 9 IDo. do. Quarters ... .. - ...
25 10 1 Do•Yorkli. &S. Pir 1 - id 94
20 all NorthJ Staffordshire. .., - ... 1
St. 100 t-)x, w0..,:w HZ iip .•. - ... 189 •
10 96 Do R. Pref. 101. Sh. ... - ...
lii all Scot. Cent. ,New Pre ... - ...
25 all pouth Devon 134 - 144 13/
10 li IDo. fixed,44 per con' ... . ...
1.0. f all S. Eastern (Readin.- ,
Ann.) of £1 Os. 6d. 221 - 934
St. 100 ,Do. 44 per sent t6 - 98
St. 100 Ds. Fixed 44 pc eh 94 - 91
St. 100 S. Wales Gaa. 4p, c ... - ...
20 all I Do. do. 44 p. c.... ... - ... 92
20 all IS.YorkshAp.c.Guar. ... - ~
25 all IStock.& Dar., sp. C. ... - ..
25 15 'Do. do. do. 1 - fp
126 all (Stock. & Hartl. g. 5
I p. e. till July 1,'56 ... - ...
6 44 rWatertd.& Kilk. 6p c 24 - 24

THE SUN LONDON MONDAY EVENING MARCH 10 1856.

MARKET NEWS.—(This Day.)

CORN EXCHANGE.

There was very little business doing in wheat in the
leading country markets held on Saturday. Prices, how-
ever, were decidedly firmer than in the early part of the
week. Fine barley realised full quotations, but all other
articles mot a dull inquiry.

Most of the continental markets continue dull and
drooping, although the supplies of grain have been very
moderate. The American markets have been without ani-

oration.

The arrivals of English grain up to our market, last
week, were moderate. From abroad we received 18,714
qrs. of wheat, 2,071 oats, 5,450 beaus, 171 tares, 140 sun-
dry seeds, 210 sacks and 5,072 barrels of flour.
. .

The arrivals of English wheat fresh up to our market
to-day, coastwise and by land, carriage, wore but moderate,
and for the most part in very middling condition. Al-
though the show of samples of both red and white was by
no means extensive, the demand for most kinds was by no
means brisk ; yet the whole of the supply changed hands
at is to 2s per quarter above last Monday's prices.

There was a full average supply of foreign wheat in the
market. Really fine samples were held fimly, at very full
prices. In low and middling kinds next to nothing was
doing, at last week's currency.
Floating cargoes of grain were dull, but not cheaper.

We had a good demand for malting barley—the show of
which was limited—at an advance in the quotations of ls.
Jeer quarter. Grinding and distilling sorts were firm, and
quite as dear as last week.
Mialt was in moderate supply, and heavy request, at the
late decline in value.

We were fairly supplied with oats, which moved off
slowly, at last week's fall in the quotations.
Beans were somewhat firmer than on Monday last ; but
no advance took place in prices.
We had a fair inquiry for peas, at fall quotations.
The flour trade was rather inactive, at last week's cur-
rency.

CURRENCY PER 11l
Wheat—Essex & Kent,
Red •• .. now Ms to 708
Ditto.. •• .... old —s —a
Ditto, White new 58a 72e
Ditt0........ old —e —s
Norfolk and Lin-
coln, Red, old —a —a
Ditto new .•.... 54s 68s
Rye—Old ............ —s —s
New •• •• 44s 473
Barley—Grinding ••• •• 293 32a
Malting .•• •• 31s 31e
Chevalier...• • . 36s 40s
hf3it—SaffolkandNor-
•• •• 70s 76s
Brown .•• ............ 63s 643
KinrstonandWare 74s 75s

PERIAL MEASURE.

SPORTING NOTES.

Malt—Chevalier .... 768 to —a
Oats Yorkshire and
Lincolnsb., Feed 22s 23s
Potato •• •• 24s 288
Yonglial andeork
Black. •—• • • 19s 22s

WISHES ABOUT WARWICK.

Cork, White ... • . 21s '253
Scotch, Feed... • • 263 303
Beans—Tick 32s 363
Pigeons 333 41s
Peas—Grey .......... 31s 35s
Maple .••••• • • • • • 34s 37s
White........... as 403

Before these remarks meet the reader's eye the play
w',ll have commenced at Warwick, and the first act will
be nearly concluded. The brief observations on the
sport, which were published:in Tlic Sun of Saturday last,
will serve as a sort of prelude, indicative of the stirring
business about to take place. Abruptly dropping awk-
ward metaphor, however, I will resume my discussion
of the probabilities. The character of the events ap-
pointed for decision is not sufficiently important to ren-
der it necessary that any opinion I may advance should
be supported by elaborate arguments.

For the Great Warwick Handicap the field is likely
to be limited. Fulbeck's performance at Nottingham
has placed an additional slbs on his weight, but the in-
creased impost is not likely to militate considerably
against his chanoe. The horse has thickened most iin
proringly, and he may yet prove that his party were not
over-sanguine when they supported him so confidently
last year at Chelmsford and at Goodwood. Little Davie
is not over-weighted; he is a game little horse, and lately
Edwin Parr has developed is racing powers to a sup_
prising extent. Notwithstanding the popular belief
which exists relative to the staying ability of The Flat.
terer, yet should this horse be " wanted " be will cer-
tainly run well. I, however, fancy, his "good time"
will be deferred until a later period of the year. Veteran,
the defeated and disgraced favourite for the Cambridge.
shire, has been most leniently treated by the handicapper,
and if he be kept for another purpose besides that of
"eating his head off," he ought on this occasion to possess
a chance of repaying his owner for his winter's hay and
corn. Without extending my remarks to the other
animals in the list of acceptances, I shall "jump at a
conclusion" by stating my opinion that the race will be
between

Boilers .• •• ...... 42s 43
Flour—Town-made... 610 63;
Saffolk .......... 473 —s
Stocktn & Norfolk 463 47s

FULBECK AND VETERAN.
For the Handicap Platel shall stand Romeo, Flageolet,
and Englemere.

METROPOLITAN CATTLE MARKET.

Bea Land is invariably "formidable" at Warwick.
His Odiham is whispered about as being a "good thing"
for the Grand Annual Steeplechase. I shall be inclined
to select Minerva and Sandboy for the Hurdle Race.
By Tuesday night's post irom Leamington I will for-
ward "something short about Salisbury."

The imports of foreign stock into London last woek
were ♦ery moderate—the total supply being only 629
head. In the corresponding week in 1855 we received 30S ;
in 1851, 2,014 ; in 1833, 2,60 ; in 1852, 1,678 ; in 1851,
2,233 ; and in 1850, 1,679 head.
IMPORTS INTO LONDON LAST WHIR.

A FRESH MAN.

ROYAL INSTITUTION OF GREAT
BRITAIN.

WEEKLY EVENING MEETING.

Sir BENJAMIN COLLINS BRODIE, Bart., D.C.L., F.R.S.,
Vice-President, in the Chair.
MR. FARADAY, D.C.L., F.R.S., ON CERTAIN
MAGNETIC ACTIONS AND AFFECTIONS.

All bodies subject to magnetic induction, when placed
in the ordinary magnetic field between the poles of a mag-
net, are affected ; paramagnetic bodies tend to pass
bodily from weaker to stronger places of force, and dia-
magnetic bodies from stronger to weaker pine/8 of force.
If the bodies are elongated, then those that are para.
magnetic set along the lines of force, and those that are
diamagnetic across them : but if these bodies have a
spherical form, are amorphous, and are perfectly free from
magnetic charge, they have no tendency to set in a par-
ticular direction. Nevertheless, there are bodies of both
classes, which being crystalline, have the power of set-
ting when a single crystal is wrought into the form of a
sphere, and these are called magne-crystals ; their num-
ber is increasing continually ; carbonate of lime, bismuth,
tourmaline, &c., are of this nature. Bodies which, being
magnetic, set, because they aro elongated, are greatly in-
fluenced in the force of the set by the nature of the me-
dium surrounding them, and to such an extent that they
not merely vary in their force from the maximum to
nothing, but will often set axially in one medium, and
equatorially in another. Yet the same bodies, if magne-
crysiallic and formed into spheres, though they set well
in the magnetic field, will set with the same force what-
ever the change in the media about them, and are perfectly
freed from the influence of the latter. Thus, if a crystal
of bismuth formed into a ,sphere, or a vertical cylinder,
has, when suspended, its magne-crystallio axis horizontal,
and if the ♦arious media about it, from saturated solu-

tion of sulphate of iron up to phosphorus, through air,
water, alcohol, oil, be changed one for another, no alte-
ration in the amount of torsion force required to displace
the magne-crystal will occur, provided the force of the
magnet be constant, not withstanding that the list of
media includes highly paramagnetic and diamagnetic
bodies ; and in such cases the measurement of the power
of set is relieved from a multitude of interfering cir-
eatnstances existing in other cases, and that power which
is dependent upon the internal structure and condition
of the substance is proved to- be, at the same tempera•
ture, always the same.
A consequence of magne-crystallic structure is that the
same body is more paramagnetic, or more diamagnetic
in one direction than in another ; and, therefore, it fol-
lows that though such a crystal may have no variation
in set-force, produced by change of the surrounding me-
dium, it may have a variation produced in the absolute
force of attraction or repulsion ; even up to the point of
being attracted in one position and repelled in another,
though no change in form, or in the surrounding me-
dium, or in the force of the magnet, or in the stature of
the body itself, be made; but simply a change in the di-
•rection of the structure. This was shown by a crystal
of the red forro-prussiate of potassa, which, being coated
carefully with wax, was suspended from the arm of a
torsion balance, so that it dipped into a solution of proto-
sulphate of iron occupying the magnetic field.* When
the inagne-crystallic axis was parallel to the lines of force
the crystal was attracted by the magnetic pole, when it
was perpendicular to the lines of force the crystal was
repelled ; acting like a paramagnetic and diamagnetic in
turns. No rnagne-crystal has yet been found having
such a relation to a vacuum, or t) carbonic acid (its mag-
netic equivalent) ; calcareous spar is nearly coincident
with such a medium, and shows different degrees of force
in the two directions, but is always a little on the diamag-
netic side. Calcareous spai• having a trace of iron has been
found ♦ery nearly up to the desired points on the para-
magnetic side ; and as these preserve the full magne•crye-
tallic relation of the two directions, there is no reason to
suppose that a crystal may not be found which may not
be paramagnetic in one direction, and diamagnetic in
another, in respect of space as zero.
There is every reason to be.ieve that the general mag-
netic relations of a magne-crystal are the same with
those of the same substance in the amorphous state, and

that the circumstances which influence one influence the
other to the same degree. In that case, the magnetic
affections of a body might be ascertained by the exami-
nation of the rnagne-crystallic affections ; thus the effect
of heat upon bismuth, tourmaline, &c., might be exa-
mined by the set of the crystals, and with so much the
greater advantage that short globular forms could be
used, perfectly free from the magnetic influence of the
surrounding media required as temperature baths, and
requiring no displacement of these media with the mo-
tion of the crystal. So crystals of bismuth, teurnialine,
carbonate of iron, and other bodies, were suspended i❑
baths of oil, water, &c., the temperature gradually raised
and lowered, and the torsiou force of the set for each
force of 200 at 20 deg. F. was reduced to a force of 70
at 300 deg., and the diminution of force appeared to be
nearly equal in all parts of the scale fo: an equal number
of degrees. A piece of amorphous bismuth, compressed
in ono direction, gave nearly the same amount and de-
gree of change for the same alteration of temperature ;
leading us to the persuasion that the whole magnetic
force of bismuth as a diamagnetic body would suffer
little change. A crystal of tourmaline, which at 0 deg.
had a setting force of 540, when raised to 300 degrees,
had a setting force of only 270 ; the loss of force
was progressive, being greater at lower than at high
temperatures ; for a change from 0 deg. to 30 deg. caused
a loss of force equal to 50, whilst a change from 270 deg.
to 300 deg. caused a 10-s of only 20. Carbonate of iron
snffered a like change ; at 0 deg. the force was 1,140, at
300 deg. it was only 415 ; at the lower temperature the
loss for 30 deg. was 120 loss of force, at the upper it
was only 34,
In all these and in many other cases, both with para-
magnetic and diamagnetic bodies, the magne-crpstallio
differences diminished with the elevation of tempera-
ture ; and therefore it may be considered probable that
the actual magnetic forcelchanged in the same direction.
Bet on extending the results to iron, nickel, and cobalt,
employing these metals as very small prisms associated
with copper cubes to give them weight, it was found that
another result occurred. Iron, whether at the tempera-
ture of 30 deg. or 300 deg., or any intermediate degree,
underwent no change of force ; it remained at 300, which
was the expression for the piece employed under the
circumstances. We know that at higher temperatures it
loses power, and that at a bright red it is almost desti-
tute of inductive magnetic force. A piece of nickel,
which at 95 deg. had a setting power of 300, when raised
to 285 deg., had a power of only 220, so that it had
lost a thirtieth part of its force; at the heat of
boiling oil it is known to lose nearly all its force, being
unable then to affect a magnetic needle. Cobalt, on the
other band, requires a far higher temperature than iroa
to remove its magnetic character, a heat near that of
melting copper being necessary. As to lower tempera-
tures it was found that an elevation from 70 deg. to
300 deg. caused an absolate increase of the magnetic force
from 293 to 333. It is evident, therefore, that there is a
certain temperature, or range of temperature above 300
deg., at which the magnetic force of cobalt is a maxi-
mum ; and that elevation above, or depression below,
that temperature causes a diminution of the force. The
case is probably the same for iron, its maxiraum magne-
tic force occurring at temperatures between 0 deg. and
300 deg. If nickel is subjected to the same conditions
of a maximum, then that state must come on at tempera-
tures below 0 deg.; and it may be further remarked,
that as the maximum conditions occur in the following
order for ascending temperatures, nickel, iron, cobalt,
such also is the same order for the temperatures at
which they lose their high and distinctive magnetic place
among metals.

" volume 3 of saturated solution, at 65 deg. F., mad
1 volume of water.

LIVERPOOL, March 8.--The British and North Ame-
rican mail steam-ship Persia, Judkins commander, sailed
hence to-day on her second voyage to New York. She
had 105 passengers on board and a large cargo. Before
sailing, Captain Judkins, whose opinion is of great
weight, expressed a belief that the Pacific has been
" froz©n up" among the ice, and that she will probably
ere this have reported her own safety at New York,

" stony-hearted" streets of London ! Bless-
__
- ing3 on the shade of Little Dorrit, who-
Little Dorrit. No. IV. By Charles Dickens. ther she live or die and on the large
"Oh, ain't it d'licious !"—as the cake and the and gentle heart of the great writer whose
wino to Maggy—to us, this new number 'or tittlE—Wittial-pen is now conjuring up her small sweelk
Dorrit, by Charles. Dickens ! As full of " good shape so deftly, daintily, magically into existence I
things" as the cake ; as ripe, and mellow, and What a picture it is that wondrous picture of the
warming to the heart's core,- as the wine ! It in- London streets at night with the stray drunkards
troduces us, this fourth glorious number, to—we , reeling , home, and the woman still more astray,
don't know how many now and delightful charac- who, besides being neither ugly nor wicked-look.
ters. It carries us, in the twelfth chapter, down ! ing, was yet young—" Far too young to be there,
into " Bleeding Heart Yard." It makes us ac- Heaven knows !"—and the gas lamps shining in
quainted, in the thirteenth, with everything (upon the silent highways and byeways of that vast
that head) "Patriarchal." It allows us in the and awful city, and over all—God's holy
fourteenth, with the tears in our eyes, to make an starlight far away ! A wonderful picture--anir
invisible "other" at "Little Dorrit's Party." this, remember, in the self-same number of Lit,t&
Blessings on the genial heart that beats through Dorrit which introduces us to Plornish the P/as-
all, upon the kindly humour, upon the gentle na- terer, and to Patriarchal Christopher Casby, and
ture, upon the earnest feeling, upon the abound- to the little snorting Tug Paucks, and to poor
'ng, animated, exhilarating, inexhaustible imagina- I silly, red-faced Flora, and, best of all, to that pre-
ion ! posterous little old woman, Mr. F.'s Aunt, with

LITE R AT URE.

Bleeding Heart Yard and Plornish the Plasterer,
both of them, go even far beyond our expectations.
Bleeding Heart Yard—over whose gateway Daniel
Doyce's factory was " often heavily beating like a
bleeding heart of iron, with the clink of metal upon
metal !"—with its " one little golden grain of
poetry" sparkling in the earthiest and coarsest sand
that filled the hour-glass of its ill-to-do and toiling
population : to wit, its cherished legend of the
love-lorn song with the woful burden—" Bleeding
Heart, Bleeding Heart, bleeding away !"—itself
(that is the Yard), " all abundantly garnished with
light children nursing heavy ones !"—and so on,
through its many most striking and wonderfully
truthful characteristics. Ploruish, also, living in
it, hard by "a lime-splashed gateway, in a
corner" where he kept "a ladder and a
barrel or two"—Plorhisb, " smooth-cheek ed,
fresh-coloured, sandy-whiskered," about thirty,
"long in the legs, yielding at the knees, foolish
in the face, flannel-jacketted, lime-whitened !"
As his Missus saith—" This is Plornish, sir.'
Plornish, who lifts his oldest child (aged four) upon
his knee, that he may have " the moral support of
talking to a stranger over his head I"—who picks
a bit of lime out of his whisker, " and, putting it
between his lips, turns it with his tongue like a
sugarplum "—talking tautologically throughout,
and vowing " it 'll be ekally a pleasure and a
it 'll be ekally a pleasure and a —" until finding
himself unable to balance his sentence after two
efforts, he wisely drops it ! And Mrs. Plornish,
too—what a portrait hers is! Opening the door,
with a child in her arms, and with her unoccupied
hand hastily arranging the upper part of her dress
—of whom and of whose casual doings in this par-
ticular, writes the nature-observing historian of
Little Dorrit, " this was Mrs. Plornish, and this
natural action was the action of Mrs. Plornish
during a large part of her waking existence !" How
exquisite are the slight but all-sufficient profile-
touches, " bringing out" to the very life the like-
ness of the homely matron—wife of the humble
plasterer—" hushing the baby from side to side "
as she talks to Arthur Clennam—" laying her chin
upon the little hand as it tried to disarrange the
gown again"—" feigning to bite the fingers of the
little hand as she kissed it !" A sweet and charm-
ing picture—that—of a mother in the humbler
classes I Then, there are the other characters in-
troduced—all of them wondrously new, but each
of them (already) wondrously familiar.
Old Christopher Cashy, owner of that head !
"looking so very large because it shone so much"

Ler wig askew, and her irrelevant proclamations
And which, besides being peopled with these
more prominent characters, makes us casually
acquainted—with a laugh in our sleeves or one
fairly roared outright—with minor personages of a
subordinate kind incidentally " touched in " with a
few master-touches in the back-ground, such for
example as the gentleman up the stable-yard yon-
der, the " gentleman with fight drab legs, a rather
old hat, a little hooked stick, and a blue necker-
chief "—one Captain Maroon, of Gloucestershire.
Or again, that nameless old fellow in the crowd, a
little later on, who stood "shaking his head, inviting,
conversation," and having found listeners at
last, folded his arms and declaimed to his
heart's relief and indignation against " them
Mails !" This latter incident occurring, be
it observed, in the. course of the episode which
brings Arthur Clennam suddenly upon poor John
Baptist Cavaletto, run over by a coach and borne
away, bleeding, upon a litter to one of the great
London Hospitals. There we leave him under the
care of a clever, good-natured house-surgeon
(who manipulates the case to admiration
upon its first arrival) ; there, we repeat, we leave
the poor fellow befriended by Arthur Clennam,
and no longer, let us hope, shaking his forefinger
with a back-handed shako in the air, and a despair-
ing "Ah ! Altro, Altro !" As for Arthur
Clennam himself—the hero of the story—though we
can't, even yet, quite catch the distinguishing fea-
tures of his good, noble, manly face, we take him
into our heart, together with the small, child-like
form of Little Dorrit, and love him, and love them
both—thoroughly

The Ari Journal for March is rich [like its pre-
decessor in pictorial illustrations and high-class
contributions towards the progress of art. Chief
among the former are an engraving of Hensel's
picture of " Miriam," by Bourne. Another of
Cups " Troopers," by Hackett, both pictures in
the Royal Collection, together with an engraving
from Schwanthaler's groupe, known as " The
Woodman." Among the latter may be noted
" Studies from Life," by W. Multeady, R.A., and
" Suggestions of Subject to the Student in Art,"
by an Old Traveller. " The British Artist," illus-
trated by Charles Robert Leslie, R.A., whose
genius supplies the subjects of several pleasing en-
gravings on a minor scale.

The Merchant's Magazine contains, among a
variety of matter calculated to be of service to the
important class to which it is addressed, a judicious
and well-timed article on " The Changes in the
Laws of Partnership."

—" so very bumpy in the head [that head!], so
grey, so slow, so quiet, so impassionate," that—
" Patriarch was the word for him !" Viewed in his
juvenile portrait as Master Christopher Casby, aged
ten—sitting in it ("on one of his own legs) upon a
bank of violets "—or viewed in his ancient reality
as old Christopher Casby—seated in his arm-chair
with his feet in list shoes, and his list shoes on the
rug, and his thumbs slowly revolving over one an-
other—what a broadly-handled, minutely-finished,
richly-coloured, marvellously-actual life-portrait
that is ! Himself, with his smooth face, having "a
bloom upon it like ripe wall fruit," with his long
grey hair at the sides and back of—that head !
shining " like floss silk or spun glass," and " look-
ing so benevolent because it was never cut ;" with
his elephantine Ram habited in a long wide-
skirted bottle-green coat and a bottle-green pair of
trowsers and a bottle-green waistcoat—in regard to
all which, saith Boa, drily—" the Patriarchs were
not dressed in bottle-green broad cloth and yet his
clothes looked patriarchal !" Christopher Casby's
conversation, too—reminding one somehow of what
Sam Weller once upon a time said to the gorgeous
flunky in sky blue, "Sir, I likes your conwersa-
tion—it's werry pretty." Christopher talking at
these moments in little vapid repetitions, with his
hands crossed before him, speaking softly the while,
" with his head on one side and a gentle smile, as
if he had something in his thoughts, too sweetly
profound to be put into words." Nay, more, "as
if he denied himself the pleasure of uttering it, lest
he should soar too high; and his meekness there-
fore preferred to be unmeaning." And Flora
Canby also, his daughter, daughter of Christopher,
offspring of " that head"—a surprising Minerva,
born of an unwieldy Jove in bottle-green broad-
cloth ! Flora—Arthur Clennam's old flame—
whom he had left a lily and found a peony—who,
" always tall, had grown to be very broad too, and
short of breath"—who had once seemed so enchant-
ing, but now proved so diffuse and silly—chattering
without any regard to punctuation, indulging in
no longer stops than cornin,ts, and even iu those
very sparingly,---Flora, stout, reel, simpering, short-
winded, " as to me you know"—(she confesses as
much herself with a little scream)—" oh 1 I am
dreadful !" And so she is, in sooth—yet with a
kindly touch of human tenderness through all,
through her giggles, and her breadth, awl her
short wind, and her general " rcd-facedness." But
—Pancks 1 The little black energetic Tug, that
takes that lumbering, selfish, drifting old Booby of
a Christopher Casby, in tow—Pancks, the quick,
eager, short, dark man who comes into
the room with so much " way" upon him
and greets Arthur Clennam with a " Halloo !"
Who while Cleunam explains his being there—.
" holds his breath and looks at him." Here he is.
Look at him !