The Sun.
London, England, 1834-04-04 00:00:00

ARMY AND NAVY.

THE UNITED SERVICE JOURNAL,
argl NAVAL and MILITARY MAGAZINE for
APRIL, contains among other interesting Papers :
Review of the Military Establishments of Great Britain,
and the Military Character and Services of the late Duke
of York—Thoughts on Impressment—Lighthouse System :
the Trinity House—The Campaign of Waterloo, strategi-
cally examined—Leaves from my Log Book : No. 1.
Badaj• a to Salamanca ; from the Reminiscences of a
Subaltern—Kilmainham —Observations on the Movements
of large bodies of C ivalry, by Major. General Sir Samford
Whittingham, K. C. B. and K. C. H.—Comparison of
French and English Military Punishments—Memoirs of
the Services of Vice-Admiral Robert Plamplins, the late
Admiral Mark Robinscn, the late Brigadier John Moneton
Comb,, E. I. C. S., the lite Lieut.-Colonel Richard Bo-
teler, RE., and the late Commander Skyring, R.N.
eo rrespondence from the principal Porte and Stations—
General Published for H. Correspondence, Gazettes, &c.
Colburn, by R. Bentley. Sold by all
Bookboirr„

MINERAL SUCCED, A. NEUM FOR FILLING DE-
• CAYED TEETH, without Heat or Pressure, and IN-
WITHOUT WIRES OFICIAL TEETH, FIXED
CORRODIBLE
mAti4,DTHER LIGATURES.
32A N and SONS, Sur-
MONSIEUR
RUSSELL-
STREET, No.
STREET, BLOOMSBURY, grateful for the the high and
extensive patronage which has so eminently
idistinguished
nentdhe British
oar:d:he
their professional exertions since their arrival
Metropolis, respectfully announce to their Fri
Puldfc in general, that they still continue to restore
DE-
CAYED TEETH, with their celebrated MINER
SUCCEDANEUM, so universally recommended by the
Faculty of London and Paris. The operation of Filling
Tueth is performed in a few seconds, without the slightest
pain, heat, or pressure. They also FASTEN LOOSE
TEETH, in a manner singularly efficacious, and SUPPLY
WHOLE or PARTIAL SETS of TEETH formed of the
above INCORRODIBLE MINERAL, or of Natural Sub-
stances, without WIRE or other LlGATURES—guarpn-
teed to answer every purpose for Articulating and Masti-
sating.

The Faculty are respectfully invited to witness the suc-
cessful result of the Mineral Suujedaneum.

N.B. One of the above firm may be consulted at
46, Bold-street, Liverpool ; and 36, Mosely-street, Man-
shelter. Charges as in Paris.

CHICHESTER 111 ARK April 2.
3s. Od. to 3s lOd 4S. Od. to 4s. 8,1
I
4 0 5 0 Pork 3 4 4 0
Lamb ss. Bd. to 65. lOd.
Supply of fat Beasts moderately good, of fat small stock li
mited ; trade rather dull. In lean stock little doing.

HULL MARKET.—ApriI 1.
Wheat, Old —s. 40s. 465. ......N etv—s. 40s. 46,
Foreign ••3. 50s. Ms. ...... In bond... —s. —s. —B.
Oats, Poland •
—s. 16s. 185.......01d .. —s —s. —B.
....... .
Small or Feed —s. 148. 16s ...................... —s. —s. —s.
-- Foreign —s. 168. 183.... ................. —s
Barley, Norf. Norf. & Sof —s. 265. 30s. Line. & %Vold —s. 24s 28s.
Foreign
..... —s. -
Beans S. 325. 348. F0reign,,.,,..,, —s. —B. --s.
Pease, White —s. 31)s. 345. Gley ............ —B. 275. 303
Tares —s. —s. F0reign......... --s. —s. --s.
Rapeseed, In bond.,, none.

The Minister of Foreign Affairs, after describing the
origin and character of the Berlin and Milan decrees,
issued by Bonaparte for the purpose of destroying the
commerce of England, said that the Government of
the United States, dreading the capture of their ships
by the French fleets, put a prohibition upon the sailing
of any of their merchant vessels from the American
ports. This was certainly only a municipal measure
that concerned alone the Americans themselves ; and
yet the Imperial Government took great umbrage at
it, and, wishing to make reprisals, put an embargo
upon all the American ships in the French ports. It
is no doubt true, added the Minister, as M. Bignon
observed, that the American ships which were enabled
to avoid the rigour of the imperial decree, turned the
circumstance to great advantage ; but this advantage
can in no manner be considered as a compensation to those
merchants and shipowners who were ruined by these de-
crees. If the hon. deputy, M. Bignon, had been a
citizen of the United States, and had been ruined by
these decrees, would he acknowledge the sound logic
or the equity of the following observation ? " It is true
you are entirely ruined, but your neighbour has made
his fortune." The point of view under which this
question should be considered is not the granting of an
indemnity to the American nation, but the question
solely consists in the just necessity there exists for
enabling the American government to do justice to
those who have been unfairly despoiled of their pro-
perty by the decrees of Berlin and Milan. After
describing the position of the American claims under
the imperial government, the minister proceeded to
state what the views of the government under the res-
toration were. The minister said that he had good
grounds for asserting that at the moment of the down-
fall of that government it was about to do that with
regard to the American claims which the government
of July did in 1831. It has been pretended, continued
the minister, that the government of the restoration
would have come to an arrangement under mnch more
favourable conditions than we have done. To that as-
sertion I have to reply, that on no occasion did the go-
vernment of the restoration enter 'into any discussion
with the United States relative to the amount of the
indemnity. It therefore follows, that those who
assert the American government would have been con-
tent with much less than 25,000,000 permit themselves
to put forward allegations that are altogether gratu-
itous. Now, continued the minister, what course was
the government of July to pursue ? Could we say to
the American government—" It is true that great num-
bers of the merchants of your nation have been com-
pletely ruined, but others of them have made for-
tunes. It is true that your capital was set fire to, but
you defended yourselves vigorously, and acted like men
of courageous hearts ; accept, we beg of you, our
compliments and felicitations, for we have nothing else
to offer you." Gentlemen, the government of July
could not hold such language, nor could it either allege
that it was not obliged to fulfil the engagements, or
take upon itself the consequences, of the acts of the
preceding Government. We have been reproached,
continued the hon. minister, with not having commu-
nicated to you the report drawn up by M. Laine,in the
name of the commission that was appointed in 1831,
but that report was laid before your commission. Those
who read it might, it is true, have seen, as it was men-
tioned by one of the preceding speakers, that the opi-
nion expressed by M. Laine was, that the United States
could not reasonably lay claim to more than 12,000,000.
But by what series of calculations he came to that re-
sult is perfectly unknown to us. If those calculations
are in existence, they ought to be brought forward.
For our part we have adopted precisely the principles
established by the commission of 1831, and the appli-
cation of those principles has led us rigorously, not to
the amount of 12,000,000, but to that of 25,000,000.
The minister here took a review of the several sche-
dules of claims to the payment of which the 25,000,000
were to be applied. He laid down as a basis that there
were 93 vessels and 96 cargoes, with regard to the
claims for which there did not appear to him to be the
slightest ground for doubt or discussion. To ascertain
the value of these ships and cargoes, the Govern-
ment took as a criterion the value of the thirty-five
cargoes which were sold at Bayonne, and produced at
an average 222,000 f. each. This sum multiplied by
the number of cargoes will give a total of upwards of
21,000,000. To which, if there be added about
4,000,000 for the value of the ships, we shall have a
sum exceeding 26,000,000. If from this sum be de-
ducted the value of certain ships which the commis-
sion placed in a schedule apart, we shall arrive defini-
tively at a sum of 22 millions and some hundred thou-
sand francs—a result, the fairness of which, in my opi-
nion, is unattackable. The question now, continued
the Minister, is to determine whether the advantages
accorded by the American Gooernment to French ves-
sels during the last ten years are a sufficient compen-
sation for the losses resulting from the non-execution
of the treaty of Louisiana. With regard to our wines,
the exportation has considerably increased, and the
advantage accruing to the commerce of France by the
diminution of the American duties amounts to nearly
800,000 f. a year. The Minister, in continuation, said,
I repeat that this treaty is founded upon a well-under-
stood and reciprocal interest of France and the United
States. No doubt it depends upon you to sanction or
reject this treaty, from its financial measure ; but it
does not depend upon you, permit me to say, to ren-
der your decision satisfactory to the United States, nor
to deprive the Government of that country of the
natural and easy means it possesses for paying itself
the indemnity you may refuse, In fact, the exports
from France to America amount to 110,351,000 f. a-
year, which shows that America consumes nearly a
quarter of the products exported from this country.
It would, therefore, only be necessary for the Ame-
rican Government to augment the duties on French
merchandise, in order to deprive our commerce of the
immense advantages of such an extensive export trade,
It therefore remains to be decided whether it shall be
the whole population, or only the manufacturers of
Lyons, Bordeaux, and some other towns who shall pay
the United States a sum which is legally due. To
impose upon a portion of the commercial community
the payment of this debt would be not only unjust, but,
permit me to say, absurd; for the injury that would
inevitably be done by such a measure to one or two
great branches of our industry would infallibly react
upon all the others, and in the end the country would
have to submit to much greater sacrifices than that
which by rejecting this project you should refuse
$9 make. The Minister, in concluding, said,—

M. Dupin, president, in the chair.
- The debate was resumed on the project of law rela-
tive to the treaty between France and the United States.
M. A. Delamartine, after some general reflections
upon the imperial diplomacy, which, he said, in default
of reasons made use of gendarmes, and tore the Pope
from the altar of St. Peter's, and the Spanish monarchs
from their royal residence at Madrid, entered upon the
question before the chamber, and said that the only
question to be decided was, if we were or were not
debtors of the United States. In his opinion the debt
was established ; for during seventeen years it had been
under examination and discussion, and the only man
whom France and the United States could choose,
General Lafayette, had declared that he most con-
scienciously believed that 30,000,000 f. at least were due
to the Americans,—( Exclamations of various kinds. )
The hon. deputy concluded by saying that the rejec-
tion of the project might produce a hostile disposition
on the part of the Americans, and lead to the most dis-
astrous results for our commerce.

M. Dupont made some observations with regard to
the questions of public right involved in the project of
law, which he votest against.

M. Duchatel expressed an opinion similar to that
already put forward by some of the preceding speakers
—that the advantages reaped the Americans by
their carrying trade during the Tar between England
and France could, under no point of view, be consi-
dered as a compensation for the injury done to others
by the decrees of Milan and Berlin. The debt, he
added, was the result of injustice--an injustice not at-
tempted to be denied—an injustice which was not the
effect of war, but which was committed in time of
peace, for there was no war between France and the
United States. On the other hand, the advantages
said to be gained by the Americans were not of our
creating, but were the results of the good fortune or
favourable chance which crowned enterprises where
they risked all to gain something. With regard to
the importance of the cession of Louisiana, the hon.
deputy observed that our rights to that territory were
contested, and might not have been eventually recog-
nised. It was therefore not anything in possession
that we gave up ; we only abandoned a doubtful law-
suit ; and what did we obtain in exchange ?—a
real and solid advantage, in a considerable diminu-
tion of duties upon our wines, which has led to an im-
mense extension of our commerce. These diminutions
have been, according to the various qualities of the
wines, from 42f. to 30f., from 21f. to 14f., and from
14f. to Bf., and these lessened duties were to have
been still further diminished one-half at the end of
March 1834. The incontestable advantages resulting
from these diminutions will be at first 800,000 f. a year,
and will afterwards rise to 1,400,000 f. or 1,500,000 f.
The hon. deputy, after insisting upon the immense
commercial advantages resulting from our relations
with America, contended that we should be particular-
ly desirous to act with justice and equity towards that
country, to whose increasing prosperity and importance
there seemed to be no limit. The hon. deputy, in re-
suming, said it was not till after the most strict calcu-
lations had been made that the present treaty was en-
tered into ; that the same strictness of calculation had
not been practised by those who opposed the project ;
and that therefore he (the hon. deputy), foreseeing
the disastrous consequences to French commerce which
would most likely follow the rejection of the project,
could not hesitate between hypothetical objections and
positive facts, and must therefore, not wishing to be
responsible for the results of a rejection of the project,
vote for its adoption.
M. Salverte contended that the arguments drawn
from the injury that' might ensue to our commerce
from the rejection of the project appeared to him of
no weight. He had, he said, a better opinion of the
wisdom of the government of the United States than
to suppose that it would act lightly in so grave a mat-
ter, and, in a fit of puerile anger, lay on additional
duties on the productions of France--a proceeding
which must speedily re-act upon the prosperity of
America herself. Besides, added the hon. deputy,
the time is passed for waging war by means of custom-
house officers ; duties are no longer imposed out of
hatred or anger to foreign countries, but only with a
view of encouraging the productions of our own.
But, continued the hon. deputy, what is to hinder the
Americans, after being paid our 25,000,000, from ex-
I eluding, by increased duties, our wines and silks, if
they should find it their interest to do so ? Ido not
say that this will be the case, but I merely mention
the possibility of such an event, to show you that it is
interest that will always regulate the conduct of a
people so essentially calculating as the Americans:
The hon. deputy, after having reproached the Minister
for Foreign Affairs with having designated those who
should vote against the project as the cause of any
future decline of our manufactures, and any public
disorders resulting therefrom, concluded by voting
against the project.-4 Cries of "Question, question.")
M. Jay, reporter of the commission, rose to reply to
the principal objections made to the project, but from
the feebleness of his voice, and the noise of the gene-
ral convellation that prevailed, little of what he said
could be heard.

M. Berryer requested to be allowed to put a ques-
tion to the Minister of Foreign Affairs, relative to
twenty-eight American ships which had been seized in
some of the Spanish ports and confiscated. The value
of, these vessels and their cargoes, added the honour-
able deputy, was, according to the minister's statement,
8,000,000 f, fpr which sum it figures in the 25,000,000 f.
of indemnity ; so, that we thus give to America
8,000,000 f. to indemnify her for the loss suSt4ined by I
the confiscation of her ships by Spain. The honour-
able deputy proceeded to state that, in the treaty of ,
1819, between the United States and Spain, all claims '
relative to these vessels were definitively and positively
declared to be given up by America, and Spain for ever

After a few observations from M. Isambert, which
were lost amidst cries of " Question," the Chamber
proceeded to ballot on Art. 1, relative to the indem-
nity of 25,000,000. The result was as follows :
Number of votes, 344. For the article, 168 • agains
it, 176-8 majority against the article.—(l;rolonge
sensation in the Chamber.)
_ _

At six o'clock the Chamber rose.

The Moniteur contains the following official notifi-
cation :—" Last night, after the sitting of the Cham-
ber of Deputies, the Duke de Broglie and General
Sebastiani delivered their resignations into tne hands
of the King."

The King held a Council of Ministers last evening,
which assembled at half-past seven, and sat till after
midnight.

Letters from Madrid, dated the 27th ult., reached
Paris yesterday by express. The following is ex-
tracted from one of them :—" The extraordinary Ga-
zette of the 25th promulgates six decrees of the Queen
Regent, dated the 24th. The first declares that the
council of state is suspended during the minority of
Isabella 11., as performing the same functions as the
council of government instituted by the will of Fer-
dinand VII. By the second decree the council of
Castile and the council of the Indies are suppressed,
and for affairs merely judicial there is created a supe-
rior tribunal of Spain and the Indies, which is placed
at the head of the law courts, similar to the Court of
Cassation in France. By the third decree the supe-
rior courtmartial is suppressed, and replaced, in affairs
simply judicial, by a superior tribunal for the army and
navy. The fourth decree suppresses the superior
council of finances, and substitutes a superior tribunal
of finances in matters judicial. The fifth decree an-
nounces the suppression of the council of the military
orders, as soon as the necessary bulls for the purpose
can be obtained from the Pope. The sixth decree
creates a royal council of Spain and the Indies, with simi..
lar organization and attributions as those of the coun-
cil of state in France. It is divided into seven sec-
tions, attached to the different ministerial departments.
These measures, calculated to simplify and centralize
the administration of affairs, to destroy abusive juris-
dictions, to render the actions of the ministers mom
independent, and their responsibility more real, could
but meet with approval, did not the government show
a disposition to decide without the Cortes upon things
which come within their province. The state of the
provinces is anything but satisfactory. We learn from
an order of the day, dated March 18th, that in Galicia
the Carlists are rapidly increasing. It is known that
Don Carlos remains but six leagues from this province.
In that of Guadalajara, where there are neither troops
of the line nor Urban militia, the bad spirit of the inha-
bitants justifies serious apprehensions. The decree for
the formation of the Urban militia is still a source of
many complaints, all of which fall upon M. Burgos. The
journal the Revista, which is devoted to his interest,
having published a free article on the subject, a tumultu-
ous crowd went to the house of the editor, M. Carnererot
whom they would have ill-treated, had not a company of
troops been sent to protect him. The ministry and the
Council of Government differ very widely bu the subject
of the Chamber of Proceres, the former wishes
to be created for life only, while the latter desires it to
be made hereditary. This dissension has prevented the
members of the Council of Government from going to
Aranjuez. Troops are moving in different directions
towards Portugal. On the 22d there was sent off for
Ciudad Rodrigo a convoy of 2,000 quintals of gunpow-
der, under an escort of only 20 men, and it might be
very easily carried off by a band of Carlists. It is be-
lieved that there will be very shortly an intervention in
the affairs of Portugal, and this idea is strengthened by
the fact, that on the 21st the Queen Regent received
officially the Portuguese Councillor Sarmento, as agent
of Donna Maria, who, it is said, presented letters of ere-
dente. It is therefore probable that the aeknowledg..
ment of Donna Maria will shortly be declared. Ile-
sides, a decree of Don Pedro has just pronounced that
Don Miguel is deprived of his rank as an Infante of
Portugal, and that his estates and revenues are seques-
trated in consequence of his having usurped the crown."
The Sentinelle des Pyrinies of Bayonne of the 29th
ult. says ;—" We learn from St. Jean Pied-de-Port,
that four columns of the Queen's troops have sharply
pursued the chief Zumalacarregui, at three leagues from
Pampeluna, towards Zubiri Mendi, and endeavoured to
surround him, El Pastor was in the valley of Bastan,
doubtless making part of the same expedition. The
chassentar-ie which was taken by the insurgents on the
river at Bilboa, and was destined for the port of St.
Sebastian, contained merchandize to the amount of
125,000 f."
The Indicateur of Bordeaux of the 30th ult. has the
following :—" Letters from Corunna state that the
greatest enthusiasm prevails in that city, and that
everybodi is in arms, as much to defend the throne of
Isabella I. as to obtain the reform which the country
is looking for. The Carlist prisoners transported from
Bilboa revolted, and endeavoured to get possession of
the boat; the ringleaders were immediately shot. A
Franciscan monk has assembled several
,Pal'asans of
Den Carlos in the environs of Medina 401 Campo,
province of Leon, and has put himself at their head,
Near Ochagaria a detachment of the Queen's troops
being informed that arms were concealed in the house
of a priest, made a search there, but found nothing ; a
child, however, having told the chief that the arms
were concealed in the church, they repaired thither,
and after two hours' search, in the presence of the
priest, who declared they would find nothing, they dis-
covered under the altar 200 muskets ; they took the
arms and the priest away with them. Their discove-
ries were not over, for on their way they met a youth,
who offered to take them to a spot where the Carlists
had deposited a considerable quantity of ammunition.
They found barrels of gunpowder, balls, and moulds;
they re-entered Pampeluna with all these objects, the
muskets, and the priest. Five other priests, who had
aided the former in collecting arms for the rebels, have