The Sun.
London, England, 1851-10-07 00:00:00

S T.

THE WEATHER.—Stni OFFICE, OCTOBER 7.
TTIERMOMMTEB, IN THE FAUX&
55- -highest sinco noon yesterday.
4A. -lowest this morning and daring the night.
55—this day, at noon.
BAROMETER, 2978.
WLID W..—Morning, cloudy; Afternoon, heavy showers.

TO CORRESPONDENTS
No communication can be attended to unless authem
tioateci by the name and address of the writer.
Rejected communications cannot be returned.

e Irma
LONDON TUESDAY, OCTOBER 7, 1851.

In the first volume of the works of M. LOUIS NA-
POLEON BONAPARTE, at page 95, in the chapter
entitled "Project for a Constitupon, 1833," we find
the following passage :—"Le people Francais donne
asile aux 6trangers bannis de leur pays pour la cause
de la libertd." The man who published the above to
the world as his principle and his opinion, the man
who solemnly declared that " The French people
affords an-asylum to foreigners banished from their
country for the cause of liberty," and who, on the
faith of that publication and declaration, was elected
President of the French Republic, has refused to
permit KOSSUTH to pass through Fracnecee.e
eTflrt
oihe"y,
thei
man banished from his country for the cause
the author of these fine phrases has refused an asylum,
ovia asbeicnomthee police-
manthweerld,l.
and the refugee of Thur
of the Absolutists. Of all men
LOUIS NAPOLEON BONAPARTE is the last whom we
should have suspected capable of the perpetration of
such an act of pitiful meanness. Had the Govern-
ment of Switzerland quailed before the power of
Louis Demure, as he has quailed before Austria
and Russia, M. LOUIS NAPOLEON BONAPARTE would
never have had the opportunity of thus exhibiting to
the world the very peculiar manner in which he sup-
ports the dignity of the name which he inherits, and
the admirers of NAPOLEON would have been spared the
pain of witnessing the nephew of the victor of Austerlitz
acting in the capacity of second in command to the
chief of, the police of Vienna. For the second time
within half a century has the lustre of the star of the
house of Bonaparte been tarnished by the malefic
influence of that of Hapsburg. The son of a Corsican
attorney had by his transcendent genius re-created
the Empire of CHARLEMINGE ; as the incarnation of
the democracy of France and of Europe, he had re-
duced all the legitimate monarchs of the earth to a
state of vassalage, and his ante-chambers were crowded
with serf-kings anxiously awaiting the honour of an
audience, who trembled at his frown and were proud
to obey his behests. Suddenly this great and powerful
EMPEROR, the master and maker of kings, forgetting
his democratic origin, forgetting that his strength
arose solely from the fact of his being different
in every respect from these serf-kings, listened to
the wily counsels of the tools of Austria, took an
Austrian princess' to wife, and by so doing volun-
tarily degraded himself to a level with the Ro-
manoffs, the Hapsburghs, the Hohenzollerns, and the
other defeated princes of Austerlitz and of Jena. Aus-
tri I, true to her traditional policy, had accepted the alli-
ance of the man she feared and hated, only the more
safely to betray him ; and so well did she play her
base part that six years had not elapsed from the
time of his marriage ere he was dethroned. The
nephew of the great roan is now President of the
French Republic ; he seeks to be re-elected to that
high office, and, until the events of the
last week, his chances of re-election were greater
than those of any of his competitors. The Le-
gitimatists, divided among themselves, had determined
not to start any candidate, the Republicans
had not as yet agreed upon any candidate, and the
only serious candidate in the field against him was the
Prince DE JoINvILLE, whose candidature was at least
as opposed to the letter of the law as was his own.
His chances were, we repeat, excellent; but he must
needs seek for extraneous aid in support of his
candidature, his journals boasted in the most impolitic
manner that his candidature was supported by the
King of NAPLES and by the Emperor of A USTRII,
and, as if this were not enough to disgust the French
nation—which is of all others the most jealous of any
foreign interference in its internal affairs—we now
find him ostentatiously refusing to accord hospitality
to an unarmed and banished exile, lest by so doing he
should offend the Emperor of AUSTRIA, and giving
way to the bullying which even the Sultan of
TURRET defied. Those who advised him to adopt
this suicidal measure, enemies in disguise, whoever
they were, they have done that which is more da

maging to him than could even have been an
attempted coup d'tat which should have failed. The
French are a chivalrous and generous nation, who may
forgive a crime, but who never forget a meanness.
And what has been his reward ? That which should
be the reward cf all who act as he has done ; that

very party, whose support he thought to obtain by
pandering to the evil passions of the host
of the Duke of BORDEAUX, has turned
against him, and no sooner had the Legitimatist
intriguers succeeded in making the unfortunate
LOUIS NAPOLEON BONAPARTE fully commit himself
by refusing to permit KOSSUTH a passage through
France, than they at once throw off the mask and
proclaim General CHANGARNIER as the Legitimatist

candidate for the Presidency of the Republic, so con-
vinced are they of the irreparable damage that
Louis NAPOLEON had dcne his cause by thus osten-
tatiously holding himself forth to the world as the
obedient servant of the Austrian EMPEROR.
We cannot but be proud of the contrast between
the conduct of the English Government and that of
the French with regard to the Hungarian exiles. The
events of Marseilles prove the exact amount of the sin-
cerity and of the zeal with which the efforts of Sir STRAT..
FORD CANNING were supported by the representative
of the French Government at the Porte, as the mag-
nificent reception prepared for KOSSUTH and his
companions by the unanimous British nation will
prove to the despots of the earth how deep-rooted is
our aversion to tyranny and oppression, and how
fixed is our determination to honour and aid and
comfort those who are engaged in warring against
tyrants and oppressors, be they of what country they
may.

Agricultural societies are now meeting in every
part of the country. Elated with the successful
termination of the harvest operations, the farmers are
assembling in all directions to talk over the various
Improvements that have been introduced or suggested,
and to take sanguine or gloomy views of their future
prospects, according to the peculiar temperament of
districts--the Me
Members
oofpinPioanrsliawmietnht
respect spec ltoctao
things in general and
and
pTaagriculturerhiiea
t wo
More favourable o
foundsince
the
er
prorogationt hat p u rpo soef.
months' particular,i
nterva
pportunities could scarcely be
ton had enabled each
person to indulge his own fancies
parti-
cular hobby to his full content. Thy ride
hyis
hers, generally speaking, had found Qtheo.lint" vMbearnek"
to their respective country seats. Theyeirwwa-
to speak, while the farmers, resting after theirr ready
er-
tions, with pockets well supplied and ample leisureex
to
enjoy the creature comforts provided for their use,
were quite ready " to eat and drink for the good of
their country ;" aye, and what was more important to
the would-be orators, to listen to the most prosy
orations with exemplary patience.
The coveted opportunities have at length arrived.
The men are forthcoming; but where are the confi-
dent predictions or future success, of the speedy
resuscitation of the inanimate monopoly, which was
"not dead, but merely slumbering ?" Alas ! not a
Single vaticination is hazarded to glad the bucolic
heart with favourable anticipations as to a re-
vival of the bread-tax. The "sliding scale"
has long since avowedly slipped through their
fingers, and evehas not venturedat the most zealous Protectionist
0 demand a return to that iniquit-
there is scarcely a
ous and impolitic system, This is bad enough, but
51::tneygmle. Prophecy as to the diluted
substitute. Time Qvit__
measure—a fixed
which was suggested as a
4s when an invariable impost

tax of Bs. per quarter was rejected with disdain.
Now they would rejoice in the most distant hope of a
ss. duty ; but their most zealous advocates tell
them (vide speech of Mr. HENRY DRUMMOND, at
the Surrey Agricultural Association) that they "can
no more get it back now than they can get at the
moon ;" and, unfortunately, this opinion is partici-
pated in on every side, and none are to be found
(PAUL FOSRETT excepted) with sufficient hardihood
to stand up on the other side, or to hold out a single
gleam of hope from the revival of protection. No,
horrible to relate, they hold out hopes of a very dif-
ferent description. They dare to assert that the
farmer is not absolutely ruined, and that, in the
presence of the burly men who had just devoured
sirloins and haunches to an almost incredible extent,
and washed them down with flowing bumpers of no
ordinary qualities, and in quantities proportioned to
the more solid viands by which they had been pre-
ceded and who would leave the banquetting halls,
only when the small hours had approached, and that
with the confident airs of " persons well to do in the
world," who could clink money in both pocket,:
as they went along. And yet, their leaders
bad the audacity to tell them that they
were not ruined !! and a ribald press indulged in vile
sneers when any daring men did favour the company
with a touching Jeremiad on the decline and fall of
agriculture. Again, they were desired to exert them-
selves, in order to meet the increased competition—to
try improved modes of cultivation—to resort to the
appliances which science has rendered available—to
get the best machines, the most productive
manures, and to employ both in the most
judicious manner. Were there ever such atro-
cious insults ? What, tell them to abandon the
good old methods by which their fathers, honest men,
were enabled to make both ends meet I No, why
should they be at the trouble of thinking or studying
—of solving abstruse problems, or rising with the
cock to see every direction carried into execution
under the master's eye. That was worse again, not
to be tolerated for a single moment. But they got
nothing else. Some endeavoured to ride off on the
ancient and obsolete rule, that " no politics are to be
spoken at the meetings ;" but that subterfuge
is seldom available, for the stentorian lungs of the
assembled yeomen shout down the attempted invasion.
No one as yet, however, has attempted to say that
protection will or may be brought back. Many have
eulogised the principle—it was exceedingly beneficial
to the country, although the short-sighted people were
insensible to its merits, but they are still involved in
mental darkness, and there is no possible hope !
Others " wish they may get it," but see no reason-
able chance of so doing, while others boldly say it
would not be worth accepting, and, strange to say,
receive a larger proportion of cheering than any of
the desponding orators. Let any who doubt the
accuracy of our statement peruse the reports of the
meetings of the Surrey Association, of the Shrop-
shire Agricultural Society, of Mr. ROBERT PALMER'S
address to the farmers of Berkshire, and the speeches of
Sir JAMES GRAHAM to the men of Cumberland, of
Messrs. HARCOURT and HENLEY in Oxford-
shire, and of Mr. DIS RAELI at Aylesbury,—
all will show that for the present, at least, the Pro-
tectionist cause has been abandoned by men of all
classes, and that even the agriculturists have readily
acquiesced in the free-trade principles that have been
deliberately adopted by the British Parliament and the
British nation.

We earnestly invite the attention of our readers to
an admirable article relating to Ireland, which we
have extracted into our columns, from our esteemed
and respected contemporary, the Derbyshire Courier.
Our excellent collaborateur has taken a perfectly correct
view of the subject in tracing a considerable portion
of the evils under which the sister kingdom has long
been groaning to the absence of a circulating me-
dium adequate to the wants and exigencies of the
country. The very life-blood of industry is wanting,
and the extraordinary natural capabilities of the
country remain undeveloped, simply in consequence
of the quackery by which the national currency was
reduced below the necessary amount ; and rendered
incapable of performing its natural functions. The
land was there rude and unreclaimed, or at least not
one-half as productive as it might easily be
rendered. The labour was there which might
have converted the wilderness into a rich
garden, that might have brought the soil into the
highest degree of fertility. But both were com-
paratively useless—the owners of the land were
ruined. They beheld the broad acres that had been
in the possession of their ancestors for centuries,
passing from their hands at totally inadequate prices,
while the working men were starving, unable to bring
their only capital—their labour—into practical ope-
ration, they were either unproductively consum-
ing the national wealth, of which they might,
under more favourable circumstances, have been the
creators, or driven into banishment from their native
land, to seek in another hemisphere the means of liveli-
hood, which unwise and inequitable enactments bad de-
nied to them in the land of their birth. Why is it that
these untoward events occur; that the machinery neces-
sary to bring the elements together that might be so
beneficial to each other is wanting ? The solution is
easy—the problem is by no means abstruse.
There is, unfortunately, an absence of banking facili-
ties. The circulating medium of the country was
suddenly reduced by about fifty per cent. at the
very time when, according to every principle
of sound policy, it cught to have been
lergely increased. The boasted self• acting currency
code of 1844 practically destroyed 2,000,000 of our
Irish brethren, reduced the population about 4 per
cent. below what it would have been under more
favourable circumstances, leading to a reduction
of 25 per cent. in ten years, in place of an increase to
a nearly equal extent—and ruined landowners and
left creditors unpaid. How soon will the long-
suffering people open their eyes to the real cause
of their afflictions, and in place of flying
from the land of their nativity, seek the abolition of
that nefarious and unpopular law that has produced all
their misfortunes ? But there is still the pros-
pect of speedy improvement. There is an
abundance of unemployed capital here, and
there are numerous channels for its profitable
employment on the other side of St. George's
Channel. The mutual wants may thus be sup-
plied, to the advantage of both parties, if no
absurd jealousies intervene. We trust that both
sides may at length be awakened to their true inte-
rests, and that we shall once more see Ireland pros-
per ous and contented.

IRELAND.
(BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.)
DUBLIN, MONDAY EYBNING.—The correspondent
of the Evening Mail, writing from Ballinasloe,
Monday morning, 10 o'clock, states that the favour-
able result of Saturday's operations in the fair have
had an important effect, and the stockholders are un-
willing to sell without a considerable advance. The
sales effected up to this morning are comparatively
few. Captain Gascoyne, of Ballinasloe, sold a lot of
hoggetts at the handsome figure of 50s. each. This
is the first sale of this description of any importance,
and there is every probability this will prove one of
the best fairs for sheep that has come off for the last
twenty years. The number sold altogether was
34,424, but no official report of the numbers unsold
has yet been given. It is generally believed that the
number of sheep exhibited fell short of last year by
about 12,000.

of Mr. B. Webster, the author,
of the drama is more
having indebted
affordedtnan t to
homeho s e of
at atnhye
whose energy and exertions the cause
living, who,
THE BENEFIT OF ME. B.tWheEaßetSorrE, Rth.—e Tmhaneabgeenr,efitot
market" to the good old English legitimate drama, at a time
when the doors of every other theatre were closed against it,
has during the present season extended a similar hospitality
theatre in n the Hay-
o,,thlietrtlemathn
to English opera—the benefit of Mr. B. Webster takes
place to-morrow at the " little theatre in the Haymarket."
The bare announcement of the fact is sufficient to assemble
around him " troops offriends."
A singular fraud has been discovered in Berlin. A
man insured his life for 1,0001. at the Globe Office in London,
and at an office in Copenhagen for a considerable sum ; per-
haps also in other places as well. He then came to Berlin
to his brother, a tailor, and formed with him a plot for
defrauding the insurance companies by a feigned death and
interment. A medical man was bribed to give false certifi-
cates, and the money was claimed and received. But the
police got wind of the affair, and on opening the grave found
in the coffin, which had been buried in all form.
The stonesonly'iaepretended defunct is not to be found, but the brother
and the
N TRAINS-
hHe
In IT doctorxo hasebeen
ON THE
committed to
EEASTERN
comints
RAILWAY.—
This company's excursion trains last Monday
conveyed upwards of 5,000 persons from the ,Euteru dis-
tricts.

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