The Sun.
London, England, 1851-02-05 00:00:00

1851.

-
larger revenue than from our present limited consump-
tien, resulting from the almost prohibitive duties of the
present tariff ?—(llpar, hear.) But her Majesty expresses
at the same time the sympathy she feels for the owners
and occupiers of land in the difficulties which now affect
them, and a hope that the prosperity of the menutac-
turing and commercial interests will soon be productive
of beneficial effect to the agricultural body.—((sheers.)
And here, I trust, I may fairly trek the question, if such
is the state of the commercial, manufacturine, and
shipping interests, can it be supposed that the agricul-
tural is the only interest not destined to share
in the general prosperity ?—(Hear, hear, and
cheers) Is land exempt from the great law of progression ?
It is impossible for wheat to fall from 7s. to ss. per
bushel without causing great anxiety to owners and oc-
cupiers of land, but no one can doubt that commerce has
itsever-growing connexion with the soil by the substantial
ties of property— (Hear, hear)—and that the interests
of all are identified ; and the fact of distress existing
calls for every practical sympathy to be shown—(Cheere)
—and that by the removing of every unjust burden
which the friends of agriculture can show to press un-
fairly on its interests, and rejoicing in the pact of
the alteration of the law, I cannot hesitate to
express my wish that more time had teen allowed
to adjust the interests which had, under the old
and vicious system, been placed in a false
position. It is easy to say that this adjustment is en-
tirely an affair of landlord and tenant. It is so, but
when we rtflect that no good tenant could farm without
imparting value to the land which it takes years to ab-
stract, a re-valuation at present prices is simply giving
to the landlord a rental arising from value imparted by
the expenditure of capital by the tenant. I believe it to
be our duty, Sir, not only to carry out abstract princi-
ples of right, but where they affect large interests, by
extensive alterations in the laws, that time should be
given for the adjustment of the interests to the new and
altered state of things.---(Hear.) But while I make this
admission, I believe that the good wishes to which
her Majesty has given utterance in her gracious
speech will be speedily realised, though in the transac-
tion we must be prepared for difficulties and loss, espe-
cially to parties who are slow in adjusting their course
of business to the altered state of things. It has, Sir,
always appeared to me that we have looked at the price
of wheat too much as a criterion of distress or pros-
perity. It is calculated that we have about 19 millions
of acres arable, and 38,000,000 of pasture and meadow,
while of the 19 millions acres less than 4,000,000 are
employed in growing wheat. Agriculturists it is,
therefore, obvious derive a large portion of their income
from stock, and to them therefore the prosperity of
trade and manufactures is a positive benefit and
source of profit, and we find that although the
price of wheat has declined the price of
meat has declined very little, and that it was cheaper
during many years of protection than it has averaged
since. And I need not point out to the House that this
has arisen entirely from the larger consumption of meat
by the labouring classes—a circumstance at which we
may well rejoice.—(Hear, hear.) The working men of
this country dine now as working men should dine, on
edibles furnished by the butcher. We have, unfortu-
nately, in this country no means of estimating the
annual produce and consumption of food, and we must,
therefore, content ourselves witk an approximation to Lets.
I collect from the best sources that there were slaugh-
tered in England,in 1850,60,000 more beasts than in 1849,
and we have local returns which give value to these
calculations. The largest cattle salesman in Liverpool
gives the following return of sales for the past year:—ln
1849 there were 109,287 oxen; in the year 1850,
123,213. They also state in their circular our imports
of sheep to have been on a less extensive scale from
Ireland, and we are now witnessing, to us, the novel
feature, that store beasts have been lately sent into that
country.—(Hear, hear.) I find the prices of meat during
the last six months and the corresponding six months of
a year since have been nearly the same. I find the in-
crease of consumption in England to be the counterpart
of Scotland. The City Chamberlain of Glasgow makes
the following return of animals slaughtered in that
city:—

_t
fair reputation by any course which shall be incoli3 l-, teaor
with :hat hare of true religieus liberty .:hick he hsois i
esot
shown.—(Cheers.) And, Sir, I must ask rue" hof
of the house to read a short extract from a ape Tot
that Noble Lerd in introducing the repeal of tee.. 0;
Act in 1823—that Noble Lord beteg then in 0pt3t1,%.
---- now come to the great principle involved In the ee
,igneslasiisd
merous petitions before the House—pefitinna
the whole body of Dissenters, by Roman Catholio'Thol
by many members of the Established Church, ° foie
principle is, that every man ought to be allowed ,t,is ofe
his religious opinions by the' impressions on "libel/
mind, and that when so formed, he should be at : Co.
to wership God according to the dictates of b'3
nrdie'
science, without being subjected to any penalty ;vie
qualification P, hateve.r—that every restraint or re
creed
lion imposed on any man on account of his religiousifenee
is in the nature of persecution, and is at once an e.s the
to God and an injury to man.—(Hear.) Tbia 1,101
first and noble principle on which the Dissenferait the
the repeal of the test laws; but I will fairly adiastiees
there may be an exception to its npplicationeeescessi
heir)—and I will illustrate it by refereece too gee
prieciple of non-interference by one state in tbelntated
affairs of another.—(Hear, hear.) It ma) use inter'
that one state would not generally be justifies] 000
fering in the internal concerns of another; but of
of the internal regulations of political institutil th,
one state are of such a nature as to lead directlYi toe.
injury of another, then the interference pr°Pherl.egtO
mences on the part of the state making lose 100
lions, and not on the part of the state which ee!ligioo
of them. I will say the same of religion; if the t`oplie
of any body of men be found to contain political Prialdtors
hostile to the State, or militating against that abe.:
a hick is due from every subject of the Crown,.lo, sod
case the question ceases to be a religious questl°ch
you have a right to interfere and impose ea 00dd
strictions as you may deem necessary, became ic tbeen
not impose them on religious opinions, you iesextrecl,
only on political doctrines." Having read this. ee, see
I trust we shall ail feel we may reserve versa/ toff
perfect confidence till we see the Bill introduced, bets;
it be doubted as to the propriety of any Bill et a
of td'
breught in, I point to Roman Catholic Peetsot sI
highest standing who have publicly declared 1!,
legia.nce to the canon law is incompatible alt
w`c geo
legiauce to the Sovereign.—(Hear.) If all' essele
good reason for the introduction of soneerpos are
for our consideration; not, Sir, that those NOble-aogiO
recreant to their religious principles in thus resentoeecel
Papal rescript; not that through the indirect lei tees
of Protestantism they have adopted views 'if:liar°, c
tee
times they have abhorred. Nothing like tee
Papal rescript would have been resented 1.1100 ill
pahniest days of the Roman Catholic rel,i,glo9'
this country—(Cheers, and cries of " No, n°' •desti
Sir, our earliest national history is full of WI of
which the people, the Parliament, and the bart°l
England, Catholics as they all were, indigaBl3o
claimed against such intrusions on the part of , 'ttiesf°
man Pontiff. The canon law, for example, has
in the
been hateful to Englishmen, and I do trust that
wipe
measures to be taken its operation in this country soiled
rendered null and void, otherwise we shall be or° (400
in interminable intestine disputes utterly incoterot, oet
with the safety, the honour, and the welfare 00,1
Sovereign and her dominions.—(Hear, bear.),„, tete°
all Hon. Members will feel they can concur in the
of the Address, and I hope we shall postpone ac'safr
bate on a subject so exciting until the matte! ity 4140
stantively before us.—(Cheers.) Her Mades.; sad
speaks of certain changes in the courts of WIZ pro'
law, and the registration of deeds relating to re
rv-
esti'
e
party. All Hon. Members who represent larg
rose
tuencies must be alike familiar with the genft, 13,s
urgent wish that exists for law reform; arid, I"teceicll'
they would desire a temperate, well-considered exha-t bet
of the suffrage, I am sure they will feelloolbers
Majesty's Ministers in deferring that tint" -goo c"
session, and taking; up the great cluesi hie;
law reform in our courts of equity °Lo&
have exercised a sound discretion. The eSt6bLit goe°'
and extension of county courts has, so far oe til sod
introduced a sweeping change in pleading Prace.
States
evidence; but the change of the law in the Unite", 00
of America has made the people of this count.l„/ eerri
alive than ever to the necessity of great Change 1.-ly
department of our legal administration. I can °pill the
press a hope, which is, that it will be undertake% etre'
spirit which the iolllowing short extract from
,a,Det os
nent author would demonstrate. He says]--ert feed
not be deterred by clamour against innevat'"
abrogating what is useless, simplifying what lsc,°o stave
or determining what is doubtful ; nor attemptltch°
off an immediate pressing difficulty by s
nrsioes'
work scheme of modifications and enoPetieseife
but let us consult for posterity in a cernPreit a°:
scheme of legal philosophy."—(Hear, hear.)ile" se'th"ei
necessary that I should point oat to the "°litieff "
great benefits which must accrue from a reels]reefoor
deeds of real property. All the inconvenience, P;bicb
ante, and expense, together with the delelq sod
arises from the want of it, is familiar to at torli
any Government which will originate and
out a well-digested and simple Pi
hga"' ren;
which the transfer of real estate can i
dered more easy and inexpensive, will add of ef
value ef property, and deserve the hearty thansayty re;
Legislature.—(Hear and cheers.) It now, Sir, °
mains for me to thank the House for its indulgeDo 04A
Sir, only earnestly desire that Divine Provideptis and
illuminate our common path, guide all our celiac ;be
so direct all our efforts that our le illation tae ), beet
eminently practical, equal, and promotive Of the
interests of the United Kingdom. With tbis e-rotec
sion, Sir, I earnestly commend, by an uaseillUS,loo4
the adoption of the Address to her Majester---(m°
continued cheering.)
Mr. ROEBUCK then rose and said, that never since be
he had the honour to be a Member of that Boa° ll° on
risen with so much pain as on the present occssina°l, be
the consideration of other addresses to her Alsieeoters
might have felt pain; but the feeling which he now reseit
tamed was a clear feeling on his own mind, these Pt
of a calm and deliberate judgment. The reason gar'
pain was, that now for the first time since he (fir'nrlaD
buck) bad been a Member of that House be Or istro;
Administration calling itself Liberal—an AdWlrissDd
tion the head of which had gained all his 110nape,riberat
his great position as one of the great "'° wee
party—taking the first step backwards, at %cif°
at which onward progress was the dn'htlat this
mark of the day. He was cur riled to find that
backward was taken by that Administratiteffe
by that Premier who had been the advocate of d re'
measures. The Hoe. Seconder of the Address rot' his
ferred to Noble Lord's antecedents as a Pr°°idliOe
liberal policy. Last year he (Mr. Roebuck) sb°"ttehat
been willing to rely upon the Noble Lord's antecede 0°:
now he could not do so. He (Mr. Roane,",) the
surprised to find that, with such antecedents' eat
Noble Lord could come forward as the O.
of civil and religious liberty. What We',,-isbee'
antecedents of the Noble Lord? He was distinerfere
as being the organ of the party which brought t'O Car'
the motion for the repeal of the Test an' ster,.,
poration Act in 1825, and now he was for COP
prig civil and religious liberty. He would f
the attention cf the Honourable Seconeer 01
the Address to an observation rnand„e the
that period by one who knew well sv,u'eseleest;
mind of man was—by Mr. Canning. He said, ‘,.„-„; T'"
of what you are doing—mind what you are ae,",o:bi":
so soon as you relieve the Dissenters from their i"osseet,;
ties, you will find in them your bitterest ePPsotee"
when you propose to remove the disabilities of the miitie:l
Catholics." Well, they had now no longer diseh"oa 0"
No, now theyfhad one united Protestant cry, in tbe
were conjoined. He could not help remarking °P °f the
admirable artifice of the Honourable Seconder ef tel
Address, in his remarks upon the conduct which
Noble Lord. Now what was the time aCk?
the Noble Lord had chosen to step bsc-„th
a time when he put into the I"°",se
our gracious Sovereign congratulations two; 1.0"
creased happiness of the labouring classes. st be re;
when, alter a long experience of law by which;
strictions on religion and on trade and on
were swept away, he put into her mouth W"sebich
congratulation for the fact of increased happiness bee;
they now enjoyed. Since 1829 the country noe the
going on in one line of legislation. On that oecea., ;Wel
great Protestant hero whose death they now des-bear')
and whose loss they felt that clay—(Hear'evet°:
yielding to the experience and the pressure of e' iebs"
stances in Ireland ; and the Duke of Wellingte°,', feel
had seen, as he said, more years of war than es,;`eeig/,
of his time, and knowing, he said, the miechie'an-fth":
war, he would to save the country from one month " are
give his life,. under that pressure, consented ,t° erol
the Emancipation Act. These great CO,un
men taking up the principle acted upon ',eo
carried it out frankly. Sir Robert Peel vicierlP
was suggested to him to pay the Catholic ld.
said ho had considered the question, and ° fot!r;
portant one it was, and that he would n°t',.eligt.
Pere with the internal polity of the Cetholie
no more than he would with the Wesleyan n°,47,i
That was the principle upon which he erePht",,, feig"Of
Noble Lord and his party felt great pain, and be
say great jealousy, that these men, the ori:" 0104,
liberality and dissent, should come in and et °-
away the honour for which they had laboured• the
complained by the party of the Noble Lord fil°,eolic
honour belonged to them, for that they bad got CP reiss
emancipation and others had gained the bonostre°,, ees"
showed that had the Duke of Wellitigt°o-ferf"
done as ho did, the party would have Peri Oil.
in their demand for complete emenftlest
and that their wishes were gratified by the facre"- siege";
Roman Catholics were now upon the same 1";" dye"'
their Protestant brethren, and that no politice;strsioea:,
litien was imposed in consequence of religious °Y......fibit"
Now, when such was the state of this count/ dd tb,°,
such was the onward progress of opinion, what user'
Noble Lord propose to do? He told them (t bad
Speech being the Noble Lord's speech) that she
subject;
ceived many addresses from large bedies of her
ed Of
with respect to the ecclesiastical titles conferr,,,, us is
foreign power, and the Nettle Lord does not lehi
es
doubt as to his intentions on the subject, for t ard
se will
ing notice has been given that the Noble eetospn°ll
brine, in a Bill to prevent the enjoyment or esonferrc:3
~,
of any ecclesiastical title or honour that may ['cite wee 1"
by any foreign sovereign or prince in respect a'ill Vac
tho United Kingdom. That is to say, that he cote,
to pieces the religious distinctions that have, beetlgve,
o
by the bishop, who is called the Pope of to be *4
too Noble Lord meant to say that there haleren-vine he;
weak Sovereign on the banks of the Tiber, es in
perso.-1 vois -
chosen to give certain names and titles to
country, if that be what the Noble Lord meant' i
oh:leet
fair course for him to pursue, and it would be a°
001 the
against which to direct his attacks, but that was °o
0011
case.—(Hear, hear.) The Noble Lord had always
himself to be, and ho believed him to be, a a11,n6 IsisheP
man; and he asked him, was it not against We, WV
I, tr.) 00
of Rome his Act etas dirceted?—(Hear, Price
was the Bishop of Rome? lie was 4 SQYere4-