The Sun.
London, England, 1856-08-06 00:00:00

THE SUN, LON D►ON, WEDNESRAY EVENING, AUGUST 6, 1856

minish the power of the EMPEROR, and England
suffers herself to be hoodwinked and bamboozled
by the interested parties. R e garding themselves
safe under any circumstances,, they are prepared
to go to the full extent of the'.ir tether, convinced
that, in any event or at any • moment, a trivial
concession, and the tempora.ry abandonment of
anticipated booty, will be the utmost they have to
dread.

Besides, the old Muscovite party is to be conci-
liated, at any risk, pleviou43; to the coronation.
That can only be effected by zhowing that Russia
is still bent on aggression, whenever and wherever
practicable—that she still clings with reckless
pertinacity to her ambitious scheme of universal
empire, and to the speedy annexation of Byzan-
tium, and the wielding of the, sceptre of CONSTAN-
TINE by a Russian Potentate. This was the
object that was so long looked forward to by the
Muscovite party, and which led to the aggression
by the late CZAR, which terminated so disastrously for
himself and his people. The demonstrations at
Kars, Ismail, Reni, and the Isle of Serpents, as
well as the quibbles raised respecting the adjust-
ment of the new boundary with Moldavia, are
all matters tending to the same point, and which
should be carefully looked to by the other parties
to " the precious Treaty."

The treatment experienced by the poor Wal•
pole Islanders at the hands of the " smart'

speculator who brought them over for exhibition

,o this country calls for something more than a

general expression of disgust, and the payment
of their passage homeward by means of the

charity of the benevolent.

If by any possibility the offender can be made
amenable to justice by outraged humanity he

ought to be so for the sake of example. Grievous

as his offence is, he is not alone in his misdoing ;
and but too many, there is reason to believes
exist fully prepared to tread in his footsteps.
The spirit of speculation, perverted from its
legitimate aim, is but too rampant among us ;
but great as is the cruelty to which it has given
rise, other motive; and among a class from which
more might have been expected, have led to a
similar result. It is but the other day we read
of a lady who brought over from India a woman
of the country, in the capacity of an Ayah, and
left her without the slightest scruple to make her
way as best she could, in a strange land,
in utter ignorance of the address of her victimiser.
And if the public call to recollection the pro-
ceedings of our police courts, how frequently must
the plaints cf the poor Lascar, set adrift by his
heartless employer, raise the indignant blush to the
•heek ? Unfortunately, in none of these instances
has the justice of the case been satisfied, and we
have but lit.tle hope of the victimisation of the
miserable Walpole Islanders being avenged by

any process of law.
This, assuredly, is not as it ought to be. TiR
honour of the country is, in po:nt of fact, deeply
concerned that such offences should not be com-
mitted with impunity. Whatever may have been
the condition of these unfortunate beings in their
own country, that country was their home, and
to tempt them from it, by whatever means, and
then, when their services have no real or prospec-
tive value, to leave them to struggle, houseless,
homeless, and foodless, among strangers ignorant
of their language, and incapable of understanding
anything but their mute appeals, is to be guilty of
an atrocity as great as that of the trader in human
flesh. In one respect even greater, for the slave
dealer transfers the captured African to a master,
whose interest it is to give him food and shelter,
and take such further care of him as is necessary
for the preservation of his life. True in the case
to which we have referred the charity of the
metropolitan public has stept in and delivered the
per creatures from the miseries of their position,
but this result cannot be admitted as a plea by
way of extenuation of the offence. So far as the
intention of these betrayers of their fellow-crea-
tures is concerned the presumption must he for
the worst, or, if a distinction is to be made, it
certainly should not be in favour of the heartless
betrayer of the helple3s Ayah. The guilt in-
♦olved in her conduct makes one shudder.
Such an amendment of the law is wanted as
will suffice to protect these poor creatures in
the first instance alike from the speculator in
exhibitions, the unscrupulous shipowner, and the
heartless lady of fashion. The former—say—
should be required to deposit in the hands of
some public officer an amount equal to that re-
quired for the return of his " monsters" to the
place of their nativity, before he is permitted to
offer them for exhibition. This, if it can be
done, while it would insure more discretion in
the choice of objects on the part of the specula-
tor, would infallibly put a stop to the evil of
which we complain. The shipowner or the cap-
tain of his vessel should be required to make a
similar deposit in India, and if the same measure
be inapplicable in the third case—the return of the
poor Ayah at the expense or by the instrumen -
tality of the employer who brought her over
should be provided for by the enactment of a severe
pecuniary penalty, to be exacted in cases of proved
neglect, and applied in part to the payment of
the required passage. When the victim has been
turned adrift without the address of her or hl3
victimiser, imprisonment with hard labour should
be added. These suggestions, it is hardly neces-
sary to say, are thrown out from no desire to
be regarded as a reformer of our penal laws, but
from an anxiety to have removed a reproach to
the entire nation—a system of cruelty which
throws us back in appearance at least a couple of
centuries. If any better means can be devised
the sooner they are forthcoming the better.

Whoever enjoys the country, an Editor must
keep at his post. " Too hot to read a newt-
paper," writes a correspondent from Paris ; he
will not, however, excuse us from providing him
one ; it must never be too hot to write, and,
worse than writing, to think—no, not when
FAHRMYHEI.T'S reaches 90 deg. in the shade.
Brains, pens, types, steam-presses, and all the
flesh-and-blood ministering attendants to the
Daily Journal, must stick to it, even when some
atmospheric dislocation, or convulsion as geolo-
gists would say, brings the tropics to the tempe-
rate zone. Some geologists do tell us that our
country was once a Spice Island, and well do we
know that Re have lived in the climate of the
Spice Islands this week. A breeze, too, there has
been ; and it has blown from almost every quarter,
but somehow has brought heat on its wings. It
has probably been an Angel of Mercy, to save us
from Cholera and Typhus ; and right glad have
e been to meet it, especially if we could escape
idle relentless Sun at the same time. But
though
it gave us change
of air it would
not give us change of temperature. Her
MAJESTY and nearly all her servants early
took the alarm, and, with her Lords and
faithful Commons, have turned their backs
on the metropolis, and left us broiling in
rooms little better than huge ovens, or gasping
along between rows of houses, in what may be
imore fitly called flues than streets.
Yet what ingrates we English are : But the

week before we were complaining of cold, and
grumbling as if November had supplanted July.
HEAVEN grant that the fair, clear, sunny, blue sky

we have seen for the last week may not be soon
hidden from us. And we have seen it, too, for

even our "helps" in the kitchen have been but
too glad to save us the cost of coals, as soon in
the day as they could, and London has for a long

time hot known less smoke than for the last seven

days. Whenever the merciless factories own
• mplete obedience to Lard PALMERSTON, we may

hope for a few quite clear days in hot weather,

even in this metropolis of chimneys.

But imagination will rest on the country; with a
hasty stolen glance at which even we refresh our-

selves for a few hours now and then. We jast keep

n memory what hay-fields and corn-fields are, and

we now see the latter rapidly changing their

hues, the soft waving green giving place to the
rich and gladdening brown, and the reapers here
and there beginning their task. Mark-lane—

yes—Mark-lane, that dull, dingy, old London
market, sympathises deeply with the country, and

discusses in a language of its own in which the
chief vocables are " shillings per quarter," and
"shillings per sack," the hopes and prospects of
beautiful fields and fair skies. Mysterious baro-
meter of nature, that said Mark-lane ! scarcely
a soul there that knows what it is to admire her.
What care the sellers and buyers of samples of
nature's products for all that a BEATTIE or Cow-
PER could picture of the beauties of the scenes
from which they came ; the "shilling per quar-
ter" is their conception of corn-fields, of green
grops, and russet brown harvests, and sunny
skies ; were they not all made to be estimated by
"shillings per quarter ?"
Yet these men of Mark-lane do hold in their
hands the measures of much human comfort and
misery. We must not contemn their lingo. A
few " shillings per quarter" mean a penny or two
the quartern loaf ; and a few pence iu the quar-
tern loaf, being interpreted, mean hunger or
plenty to tens of thousands, and to all bu's a very
few of our twenty-seven millions the addition or
subtraction of some comfort. "Shillings per
quarter !" no trivial matter that. Our grocer,
and tailor, and milliner, and—but we say that
confidentially, and in a whisper—our newsvendor—
in short, all we deal with--know the difference
of having to pay "shillings per quarter,"
more or less ; our very little ones find a toy or
two the more in papa's pocket, on his return
Home, when the " shillings per quarter" are
fewer. How we all smiled as we told the news
at home on Monday—" Max k-lane ten to twelve
shillings a quarter lower, but no buyers !" How
many spouses and daughters that evening had
fresh visions of new dresses, or of a mouth by the
ssa-site, and of ail the many pleasant things,
but to enjoy all of which we must wait for the
days when double Income Tax or schedule D is
wrested from Sir G. C. LEWIS, or some other
Ikeeper and spender of the nation's treasures.
None of us can help after all the cheering effect
of sunshine ; the very farmers and their Mark
Lane Express have almost ceased to grumble.
The agrichltural reports from every part of the
country, even from the Green Isle itself, share
the universal good nature, " the splendid wea-
ther,' " the crops rapidly changing colour and
soon to be fit for the reaper," " harvest a week
sooner than expected" is the language of all. Of
course here and there a field laid by a thunder
storm is not forgotten, and one finds small yellow
insects in some ears, but even he hopes they
are of no consequence ; another notices that some
ears are only three set, and a few of the sets
empty, another fears the high ,winds when the
wheat was in blossom must have done harm, but
deposes of none to his knowledge. No—from all
all parts of the country the reports agree—and they
are, in a few words, "that never was there agreater
breadth of wheat sown, and that it looks like a
full average crop at least." We take that to mean
something more than one. We do not, however,
ourselves doubt that the wheat, which was quite
green when this sudden change to intense heat
came, will probably be of lighter weight than that
which was forwarder.
Potatoes, too, are nearly exempt from the
mortifying disease, which has so often deprived
the farmer of the whole of his crop. From Ire-
land, and all parts, it is mentioned that " the
disease," which should now show its worst, if ex-
isting at all, is scarcely apparent. The reports
of the hay crop, too, what we had not expected,
are very pleasant to read. For the more part—
"an excellent crop and well got up." Turnips
appear, however, to be in jeopardy in some places,
here and there even ploughed up ; the well-known
" fly" and " black caterpillar" are complained
of in parts of Norfolk, but it can hardly
be that Norfolk farmers should not sow
that valuable crop on the L3thian or
Northumberland ridges, and hardly possible if
they have, that they should not sow them thick
enough to beat "the fly." Mangold Wurtzel,
however, which is deservedly becoming so much
more general, is looking " gloriously." As to
barley, the greater extent of wheat grown has,
according to very general testimony, contracted
the breadth of its cultivation. We were told
by knowing ones in the spring that the rotation
of crops would prevent this. We know that rota-
tion is not generally routine, but to some extent
we also know that it is, and we accordingly find
that even our farmers can beat our Crimean
officers ; and that had they to come before Chel-
sea Commissioners, they could show a case of
"competent ingenuity " and "foresight," and
" varying conduct according to circumstances,"
which staff officers weuicl think incredible. Cer-
tain it is that many a field which should have
been barley according to routine or orders,
has, in consequence of the price of wheat,
been sown with that grain. Lords LUCAN and
CARDIGAN may stare, but it is the fact, that even
farmers used their own brains and did not believe
in being mere machines ; no, not even landlords'
machines.
While we write, a somewhat cooler breeze—
rather not so hot a one—is blowing, than that
to which we have been accustomed for the last
week ; the sky equally clear, however, the sun
equally bright, all things equally fair for the
crops and the harvest, but not quite so intolerable
to the prisoners of the town. And we are dwelling
with pleasure on the thoughts of greater abun-
dance another year, and all the blessings of plenty,
whatever we may think of the blessings of peace.
May a gracious HEAVEN grant us a continuance of
the weather which now brightens our hopes !

Friday next, the Bth inst., is the day fixed for
the election of the new candidate for admission
into the Royal Asylum of St. Ann's Society. It
will then be decided whether or not the success-
ful applicant will be the little child, whose claim
upon the votes of the Governors of that
Benevolent Institution, we have already
advocated in these columns—THomes MATTHEW
HAYDN, born on the 4th of August, 1847, a boy
consequently just past the ninth anniversary of
his birth—the orphan son of the learned and
laborious compiler of the " Dictionary of Dates,"
and of the " Book of Dignities." The mere men-
tic% of the fact-of the child's parentage, we 0442-

not but regard as very eloquent indeed in the
championship of his cause as the off-
spring of a distinguished and toil-worn
man of letters, a man of letters prema-
tutely deceased by reasaa of his having so
long laboured, not merely in the sweat of his

brow, but, as it has been forcefully expressed, in
the sweat of his brain—a little child standing

upon the threshold of life and pleading in the
name of his dead father for the scarcely-estimable
boon of Education. Jos EPS HAYDN'S son, we do
earnestly hope, nay more, we do confidently an-
ticipate, will be admitted on Friday► next, the day

after to-morrow, to the Royal Asylum cf St. Ann's
Society. His are no ordinary claims for such

admission. Those claims arise not only from his
extreme youth and his consequent helplessness,
coupling that extreme youth with the narrow cir-
cumstances of his widowed mother, but in
a very peculiar manner arise out of the in-
disputable value of his dead father's labours in the
systematising and popularising, in the simplifica-
tion and classification of large masses of useful
and important knowledge.
We think it might be distinctly, and not un-
reasonably, laid down as a sort of incontrovertible
axiomatic platitude, that among the cultivators
of polite learning the compilers of indices, and
glossaries, and dictionaries, are about the most
practical benefactors to the students of literature.
It is for this reason, it is in this way that his colossal
and Herculean labour of building up the first great
Dictionary of the English Language is univer-
sally recognised as the most broad and solid basis
of Dr. SAMUEL JOHNSON'S immense and splendid
reputation. A basis beside which the elegant
and didactic " Rasselas," the rhetorical and sen-
tentious " Rambler," the wise and weighty morali-
ties expressed by the "Vanity of Human Wishes,"
the stilted but sonorous versification of " Irene,"
the mass of astute and authoritative criticism
compacted together in the " Lives of the Poets,"
dwindle into comparative insignificance. It is in
a wonderfully lesser degree of course, but still as
one coming within the same hononrablo category
that the late Mr. JOSEPH HAYDN holds his
claim upon the grateful remembrance of
future students in the belles-lettres, and
more widely even than that retains through
his authoritative woiks of reference, a " right"
to the thankful recollection of every let-
tered searcher after knowledge. Bearing all
this iu mind, we do not hesitate to protest our-
selves very sanguine indeed as to the probable
success, on Friday the 81,h instant, of his orphan
child, THOMAS MATTHEW HAYDN, as an as-
pirant `.or admission to the Royal Asylum of
St. Ann's Society. And feeling thus sanguine in
his behalf, we commend his interests again and
again to the favourable consideration of every one
of those intelligent philanthropists whose benevo-
lent forethought may have provided them with the
privilege of voting in their capacity as Governors
of that most valuable and interesting institution.

The report from Holland of Messrs. Rothecllild hav-
ing made a contract for 850,010/. in silver from the
Bank of Amsterdam is denied. If any arrangement of
the kind has been made it has not been by that firm.
SINGULAR PHENOMENON IN SKYE.—A correspondent

in Skye informs us of a singular phenomenon which to, k
place on the farm of Monkstadt, i❑ the parish of Kilmuir,

Skye, on the night of Wednesday last. No one, so far
as we can learn, was a witness of the scene, but in the
morning a rent was discovered to have been made in the
earth about 400 yards long by about 160 broad. This
strange circumstance is attributed to the effects either of
au earthquake or of lightning.—lnverness Courier.
The weekly reviews from the Amsterdam and Rot-
terdam produce markets state that, although business
was not active, prices on the average continue to be
supported. The purchases of sugar and coffee bad
slightly increased, and in some cases higher rates were
obtained. There had been less activity in rice,
and tea exhibited no important alteration. The letters
from Rouen mention that the market for manufactures

presented a more animated appearance, the attendance of
buyers having increased.
REDUCTION IN THE PRICE OF BREAD.—Yesterday
most of the bakers in the metropolis made a reduction of
a halfpenny in the price of bread, and are looking for-
ward to making another reduction in a few days
" Seconds" bread is now selling at 8,1. and Bd. the 41b

loaf in the ponrer districts, and best" breadat 91. and
9d. The high priced bakers are selling their bread at 10d.
and 10Ad. the 41b. loaf. The corn chandlers we selling

fl.)ur at from 2s. 101. to 3s. 41. the stone of 141bs.
A FORTUNATE PLURALIST. - -Lord Palmerston has
presented the Rev. Gdhert Franklani Lewis, M.A., a
near relative of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, to
the Canonry Residentiary in Worcester Cathedra!,
rendered vacant by the death of the Hon. and Rev.
J. Somers Cocks, M.A. The rev, gentleman who has
been fortunate enough to obtain this acce,sion to his
ecclesiastical dignities is already a prebendary of
Hereford Cathedral, a rural dean, rector of Glade,try,
Radnorshire, and rector of Mornington•on-the•Wye,
near Hereford.

IMPORTS OF COAL.—We learn from a report prepared
by J. R. Sc,ttt, Esq., clerk and registrar of the Coal
Market, Coal Exchange, that the total amount of coal
imported seaborne during the month of July is 209,620
tons, by 727 ships; the total amount from Jan. 1 to July
31 heitie. 1,766,574 tons ; the same period last year being
1,674,822 tons ; showing an increase on the present year
of 91,752 tons. The amount during the month of July
this year of coals by railways is 89,722 tons ; the total
amount of same from Jan. 1 to July 31 being 684,588
tons ; corresponding period last year 575,354 tens ;
showing an increase on the present year of 109,234 tong.
ASYLUM FOR FATHERLESS CHILDREN.—The cerena ny
of laying the foundation—tone of a new Aey him for
Fatherless Children at Stamferl-hill was performed yes-
terlay by the Lord Mayor, assisted by Mr. Mechi, the
L r 1 Mayor elect, Mr. Sheriff Rose, Mr Alderman
Wire, the Marquis of Townshend, and a large number
of the corperatien. The proposed is situate at
Stoat's-nest, in the neighbourhood of Croydon, on an
estate purchased by the society. It is intended to ac
eornmedete between 200 and 300 children, the present
umber being LO. The total amount of the subscrip-
tions announced was 2,5001.
THE MEMORIAL OF THE GItEAT EXHIBITION.—The
money in the bands of Alderman Cnallis, amounting to
about 5,6001., subscribed for the erection of a memorial
of the Great Exhibition, is, we hear, about to be de-
voted to its original purpose. The committee intend to
invite designs, or models, from sculptors, both English
and foreign, and meanwhile Dr. Bm,th, of the Society of
Arts, and Mr. George Godwin, have consented to ace.
as honorary secretaries. Whether the memorial will be
allowed by those in authority to stand, as it should, 03
the spot where the building it will commemorate stood,
we are not inferrned.
DEATHS FROM THE SWINGING OF GATES.—A little boy,
two years and three months old, was looking in between
the railway gete and the post on which it swung, at
Thomas-street, Newport, an evening or two since, to see
a railway train p,ss by. The gate was ewineing at the
time, and, le-irrible to relate, the little fellow's head was
lit- \II- id t 7 bet a-- the gate and the

eterally squeeze. ,a pieces een gate,
pest. He was killed on the spot.—Bristol Mercury.
On Thursday evening ten "cr twelve children were swing.
ing on the gate of Mr. Brown's timber-yard, Sperling.
street. One of them, John Macintosh, aged three years,
got his head crushed between the gate and the post
against which it swung. Tee poor child was taken iii a
car to the Sow hero Hospital, but life was extinct
Liverpool Journal.
GLAMORGAN COUNTY ELECTION--The address of Mr.
H. Hussey Vivian, the liberal can,lidate fur the repre
sentation of the above county, appears in the local
papers. The hon. gentleman appeals to his votes during
-the past four years as the best guarantee of kis political
principles ; declares himself opposed to Church rates
and all legislative distinctions on religious grounds; in
favour of free trade, the ballot, and civil administrative
reform. Mr. Vivian in conclusion says:—" I shall vote
for a thoroneh reform of our military system, because I
believe that the greater part of the disasters which befel
our gaelant army in the late war may be traced to a
servile adherence to effete routine, based upon appoint-
' ments originating in interest and nepotism rather than
merit."
WOMAN KILLED BY A RAILWAY TRAIN.—On Satur-
day a woman about 50 years of age, named Armstrong,
who resides at Wombwell, near Barnsley, was killed by a
coal train on the South Yorkshire Railway, near the Ald•
ham Junction. The unfortunate creature was going over
a crossing on the above line, when a coal train which
was coming up passed over her, and severed her head
entirely from her body and mutilated her dreadfully,
scattering portions of her body in various directions.
The engine driver saw her coming through the crossing
gate, and sounded bis whistle, but it was of no avail,
and he was so close upon her as to be unable to stop the
train. Her remains were conveyed to Wombwell, to
await the result of the coroner's inquiry.
MARIE Lorrisu.—" Had much talk with Lady Burg-
hersh about Maria Louisa, whom she knows very well,
and often passesd some time with her at her principality.
Loved Napoleon at first, but his rebutant manner to her
disgusted her at last. Treated her like a child. Her
Regency a mere sham ; did not know what the papers
were she had to sign. Never had either message or
line from Napoleon after his first abdication, nor until
hie return from Elba, when he wrote a short note, and
without beginning " Madame " or "Chere," or any-
thing, he said he expected her and the child at Paris im-
mediately. Never bears from him from St. Helena.
Keeps his picture secretly, and seems to be proud of the
child's likeness to him. She is very romantic."—Me-
moire of Thomas Moore.
REFRACTORY SBAMEL+I.—On Monday last, seven sailors
from the brig Emma, from Newcastle to Marseilles,
were brought before the magistrates, charged with re-
fusing to do their duty. The sailors alleged that the
mate had ill-used and threatened them, which induced
their refusal. Sentenced to 21 days' imprisonment with
hard labour. Another seaman was also charged with
the like offence, from the ship Heylylien, and was dis-
charged from custody. On the same day 13 other sea-
rnee, belonging to another ship bound to Calcutta, were
charged with the same offence. The defence set up was
the unwholesomeness of the provisions, which, on exa-
mination, were found unfit for consumption, and the
sailors were in consequence discharged. The frequent
occurrence of eases of this kind operates prejudicially to
this borough ;.the cost of punishment being wholly borne
by the parish of Deal, amounting in some years to more
than one-half of the gaol expenditure.—Canterbury

Journal.
FATAL FALL FROM A CLIFF NEAR WHITEHAVEN.—A
terrible accident took place at Sand with Quarry, near
Whitehaven, occupied by Mr. John Thompson, on Fri-
day week. James Thompson, a labourer in the employ
of the occupier of the ciaarry, had descended the cliff.
for the purpose of bringing some chickens which had
gone too far down, and were unable to reach the top
again. To accomplish this it was necessary for him to
make fast round his body a rope, one end of which his
master held above. Before descending, however, he
tried his weight upon the rope, standing for that pur-
pose on the brink of a precipice, when the rope tighteneo,
gave way, and the unfortunate man was precipitated to
the bottom, a fall of nearly 70 feet. His head came in
contact with a stone, which laid open the forehead, caus-
ing ins.antaneous death.— Whiteh,aven Herald
FALL FROM A PRECIPICE —A dreadful accident, re-
sulting in the death of Mr. Price Hunt, a Scripture-
reader at St. Martin's Church, Birmingham, has just
occurred near the Penrhyn Sate Quarries. The de
ceased and a friend were on a brief tour ‘n North Wales,
and had ascended Carnedd Dafyd, a high precipitous
( mountain near the Pesirhyn Quarries. When a short
distance from the summit in descending, the deceased,
who led the way, chose a narrow unfrequented path.
His companion, who declined to follow, missed him. An
alarm having been given, Mr. J. Francis, of the Penrhyn
Qiarry, ordered upwards of 50 quarrymen to the search.
The body of the unfortunate man was then discovered
lying at the bottom of a frightful precipice, nearly 90
yards in depth, his cap hanging on a projecting ledge.
The body, which showed a wound at the back of the
head, and the ribs of which were bent inward, was ex-
tricated with much difficulty, and taken to Bethesda,
whence it has been conveyed by rail to Birmingham.
Deceased has left a wife and child.
JOHN FROST, THE CHARTIST.—Mr. John Frost is about
to become a political lecturer. This released exile says :
"Tne plan which I mean to pursue is this—l mean to
become a lecturer. I want to talk to my countrymen on
matters of great importance. As my private fortune is
too small to enable me to travel over England, I shall
adopt the plan of Koesuth and other friends of freedom,
charge for admittance to my lectures. I shall be better
pleased with this mode than any other ; it is that sort
of independent life which one can approve of—l have
something to sell, I cannot afford to give ; those who
like may buy, and those who do net like may keep
their money. Besides I think that political lectures may
be of great use to our country and our cause. There
are plenty of places in our country where the darkness
of -Egypt prevails as to political affairs. This plan has
become very general in America, and the results, in ever
point of view, are highly beneficial."
VICISSITUDES OF A CHARTIST LEADER'S FAMILY.—Dr.
P. M. M'Dowell, one of the Cta7tist leaders, was in
1839 sentenced to 12 months' imprisonment in Chester'
Castle, and while there he fell in love with the gaoler's
(laughter. On his liberation he and sbe proceeded to
Glasgow, and were married according .o the law of
Scotland. They then journeyed about from place to
place, spending two years in France ; and after a life of
vicissitude in this country he proceeded to Australia in
1854, where he died shortly after his arrival, leayitl a
widow and four children in a destitute condition. With
the assistance of some charitable persons they returned
to England, and became chargeable to the parish of
Everton, Liverpool, by the overseers of which they
were removed to Tottenham, near Bury, on the ground
that, through her husband, she had obtained a settle-
ment upon that parish. Against this removal the ?vel•
seers of Tottington appealed. The appeal was sustained,
and the orighael order quashed.

PUBLIC HEALTH, ACT.- -It appears frog). a return I
issued yesterday th-it between the 18th of April and the
13th of June the Public Health Act of 1848 was applied
to seven towns. The same return also states that dur-
ing the last three years 180 applications have been made
to the General Board of Health for permission to mort-
gage the rates, and that between the lst, of January,
1854, and 30th June, 1856, the sum of 1,374,7711. 6s. Bd.
was raised on the mortgage of rates fit the purpose of

carrying out permanenl. Corks.
INTENSE HEAT OF THE WEATHER, AT LIVERPOOL.
—St. John's Nta,ket, from eleven to twelve o'clock
on Sunday night, became unusually excited frum the
effect of excessive heat on the n•arketable commodities

exposed for sale. That butchers, poulterers, pr )vision
dealers, &c.. might dispose of their perishable stock, the
market authorities Allowed the gates to remain open
until midnight, being one hour later than usual. Meat
wa, selling at any price that purchasers would offer.
But was all but in a liquid state ; bacon and ham had
the appearance of being half boiled ; and cherries, straw-
berri,s, and other ripe fruit, were runnirg to decay. At
the north extremity of the market, about the footwalks,
fowls were offered three for a shilli The confused
and questionable perfume, with the doub'ful quality of
the remaining stock in general, did not induce many
purchasers ; consequsntly great loss will he sustained
by vendors. The thermometer, at the Liverpool Ex-
chang", registered 125 deg. in the sun, and 86 deg. in
the shade, at ten o'clock on Sunday morning.
WELCOME TO THE SOLDIERS FROM THE CRIMEA.—A
meeting called by requisition to the Lord Provost was
held on Friday at noon within the C until Chambers, to
consider what steps could be adopted for giving a wel-
come to the sth Dragoon Guards and the 721 Highland-
ers, who are to he garrisoned in Edinburgh on their
return from the Crimea—the former regiment having
arrived, and the latter being expected in a few days. At
the request of the Lord Provost, Mr. Sinclair looked
over the city records of 1815.16 to see if any demonstra-
tion had taken place on the return of the soldiers from
the French war, but no entry was found on the subject.
Sir W. John-t ,n expressed his hope (which seemed to
meet the approbation of the meeting) that the reclotion,
whether of the nature of a banquet or other vise, should
not be limited to the officers and non commissioned offi-
cers, but should include every soldier of them who had
been engaged in the war, as to the private soldier,
the country was equally indebted for the devotion of his
life to her service as to the officer of highest rank. A
large and influential committee were named, and re-
quested to report to a future meeting.—Edinburgh. Cow
rant.

THE NEW POSTAL SERVICE TO AUSTRALIA.—The
new postal service lsy steern to our Australian colonies
commenced in October last, and every arrangement is
being ma.de hy mi.-, eitectors of the European and Aus-
tralian Royal Mail Steam Navigation Company (who
have contracted for the conveyance of the mails) for the
due performance of the contract. One of the most es-
sential requisites for the success of such an undertaking
is good and efficient management, and that the company
have endeavoured to secure that desirable object, as far
as the colonie,, are concerned, may be gathered from the
fact that they have a'ready appointed as their agents at
Melbourne Messrs. Mackay, Baines, and Co. The large
experience possessed by this firm, and the admirable tact
they have always displayed in connexion with the "Black
Ball" line of Liverpool and Australian packets., cannot
tail to prove of the greatest possible gain, not only to
the company, but also to the colonies generally. We
feel certain that this aepeintment (which we may state
will be carried out by the Black Ball liner, "Ocean
Chief," which sails to-day) will be hailed with satisfac-
ba by the inhabitants of Australia. as it is by the corn-
Imercial public of this country.— Willmer and Smith's
European, Times.

LORD PALMERSTON AT MANCHESTER.—The very ca-
pacious, substantial, and excellently-adapted new build-
ing erected, and just completed, for the Manchester
Mechanics' Institution, is to be opened on Tuesday, the
9th proximo, with an exhibition, including statuary,
pictures, various fine.art manufactures, and a large col-
lection of machinery in motion. The Manchester Me-
chanics' Institution was the first to establish exhibitions
of industry and art, all of which have been highly sue
cessful. It is expected that the eclat of the opening on
this occasion will be greatly increased from the fact
that Lord Palmerston bas promised to attend and
deliver the inaugural address. Several other popu-
lar members of the Legis!a,ture and literary men
are al4o expected. It is intended also to hold an even-
ing meeting in connexion with the inauguration, at
which Lard Palmerston has promised to he present.
Only season ticket holders are to be admitted to the
inaugural ceremony and to the evening meeting. The
exhibition will remain open six months, and the charges
for admission will be such as to permit the visits of all
classes of the dense industrial population of the district.
The exhibition is in aid of the building fund, the new
buil ling baing certainly the largest of the kind that has
yet been erected in the kingdom. During his stay in
Matchester Lord Palmerston, who now vi its it for the
firs, time, will be the guest of Sir Benjamin .11,ey wood,
Bart., at Claremont.

MANCHESTER, SHEFFIELD, AND LINCOLNSHIRE RAIL•
WAY.—The working expenses awl other outgoings of this
company's rail ways (exclu,ive of the Manchester, South
Junction, and Altrinchatn, stated below) have amounted
in the fortnight ending July 27, to 8,8831. 14s. 3d.;
whilst the corresponding period of 1855 amounted to
9,4441. 16s. 7d. The total amount already stated for
the first fortnight of the-half-year added to the amount
of 8,883/. 14s. 3d. above stated makes a total expanded
to July 27 of 17,4741. Bs. 10. i. as against 18,9271. 53. 63.
for the corresponding two fortnights of the previous
year. The proportion of the South Junction, &c., re-
ceipts accruing to the company for the fortnight ending
July 27 amounts to 876/. lls. 2d. as against 8891. 10.
for the same period of 1855. The total amount, as pre-
viously stated, for the first fortnight of the half-year
added to the amount of 8761. 11d. 2d., above stated,
makes a total to July 27, of 1,6851. 12s. 103., as against
1,8001.125. 83. for the same period of 1855. The pro
portion of the South Junction, &c , working expenses,
and other outgoings, amounted, in th- fortnight endit g
July 27, to 4001. 184. 5d.; whilst the corresponding
period of 1855 amounted to 3901 9s. 2d. The total
amount already stated for the first fortnight of the halt-
year added to the amount of 4001. 18.. 5d., as above,
makes a total expended to July 27 of 7991 15s. 11d., as
against 7401. 3s. id. for the corresponding two fort-
nights of the previous year.

JURISDICTION OF COUNTY COURTS.—Mr. Seddall,
wine and spirit mercha-t, of Liverpool, brought an ac-
tion on Tuesday, in the county court, against Nir
Bowdler, publican, of Shrewsbury, for 141., the value
of a quarter cask of brandy which he had sold to the de-
fendant. The brandy was still lying at the Albert Dock
Warehouses, and the defendant had refused to pay for
it until the dock warrant was handed to him. The
plaintiff, on the other hand, refused to give up the dock
warrant on the ground that it was his only guarantee
for payment. Since the removal of the brandy to the
Albert Dock, Mr. Seddall had sent in an invoice, upon
which was a memorandum to the effect that no dock
warrant was required, as the goods were in the Albert
Dock Warehouses and not in an ordinary dock. It
being elicited that the brandy was ordered at the de-
fendant's house in Shrew,-bury, the solicitor for the de•
fence maintained that the case was beyond the jurisdic-
tion of the Liverpool court. The plaintiffs clerk said
hat surely the plaintiff should have received notice of
this bef .re. His Honour referred to the papers in the
case, and found that the plaintiff had made an affidavit
that it was a claim for goods scld and delivered within
the jurisdiction of the court. His Honour pointed out
that this was entirely a false affidavit, but it was an error
to which many suitors were liable. The plaintiff must
be nonsuited, and could bring his action either in the
Shrewsbury court or in any of the superior courts of
Westminster.

THE COLLIERS' STRIKE AT BARNSLEY.—A large
open air meeting of the colliers of this district and the
inhabitants of Barnsley was held on Mayday-green on
Monday night, for the purpose of considering the d s-
puta between the workmen employed in the Oaks Col
liery and the proprietors, The meeting was numerously
attended. On the motion of Mr. J. Senior, Mr. J.
Barlow took the chair. Mr. G. Thompson proposed the
first resolution. He contended that but for a providen-
tial interposition the explosion in the pit on the 2d of
July would have penetra'ed into the old workings and
sacric fled the lives ( f 300 men, and blames the ,vern-
ment inspector for delaying his visit to the pit until the
prop tetors had time to put it in a pruper state. He
comet ided by moving a resolution to that effect. The
mod° ► was then seconded by Mr. Senior, and carried.
The f Mowing resolution was also agreed to :--That
this meeting cannot allow the present opportunity
to p ,ss without expressing its strong disapproval of
ho3e rules recently issued by the proprietors of
the Oaks Colliery which relate to the number of
hours the men are required to work in the pit ;
that the compelling of the miners to work 12 hours per
day in the pit is calculated to deprive them of that relaxa-
tion so necessary to those whose work is so laborious and
exhausting, and the moral disadvantages of which cannot
be c mapensa,ted by any benefit they may receive.'
DEATH OF A CRIMEAN SOLDIER .—The Yorkshire
papers record the sudden death of Serjeant Wallis, a na-
tive of Barnsley or the neighbourhood, under somewhat
painful circumstances. Serieant Wallis, who was in the
`2d Battalion of the Rifle Brigade, was in the whole of
the. Crimean campaign, and he arrived at Aldershot on
Friday week in the enjoyment of good health. On
arriving at the camp he leek off his knapsack and coat,
and said, "Thank God ! I have arrived safely in Old
England again ; I'll now have a good rest." As soon
as he had tittered these words he fell down and died
instantly upon his knapsack. He was born in 1818,
and was 20 years of age when he entered the service.
On the breaking out of the late war his regiment
was early under orders for the Crimea, and there be had
many hair breadth escapes. At the battle of the Alma,
although in its midst he saw his comrades fall thickly
around him, he escaped uninjured. He was hotly en-
gaged in the battle of Inkerman, which he describes as
one of tho b'nediest battles on record, and where, after
firing away all their ammunition, they had to knock out
the brains of the enemy with the butt-end of the 'r rifles
and run them through with their bayonets. He per-
formed trench work for eleven months, during which
time be suffered severely, in common with the other
troops, from exposure, to the atmosphere during cold
nighte, and from want of food, covering, and other ne-
cessaries. While on duty one night, a shell from the
enemy came over into the trench and fell at his side, ex-
ploded, and smashed the stock of his rifle and cut he scab-
bard of his bayonet in two • but he miraculously escaped
injury, with the exception of a scratch on the back of his
ear. In the assault upon the Redau, along with some others
of his regiment, he was in a very dangerous position, be-
ing engaged in carrying scaling ladders and wool bags for
the assault, during which time he was exposed to showers
of grape and qanister,
of his comrades, - ,sowed down large numbers