The Sun.
London, England, 1833-08-27 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE- PUBLIC JOURNALS.

We are sorry to perceive that the Bank
Charter Bill passed the House of Lords last
night, without any modification of that most
pernicious clause which makes Bank of England
notes a legal tender. To look at it fairly, we
need but ask what difference it makes in the
existing state of the currency ? It is not so
much with regard to notes of the Bank of Eng-
land only that we complain, because even at
present they are convertible into gold nowhere
but at the counter of the Bank itself, or at those
of its several branches. But what is the actual
condition of the country banks ; and what will
it be after the passing of the present bill ? Now,
they are all compelled to pay draughts upon
them in gold, if required. In many parts of
the country, perhaps in most, the notes of the
local banker are preferred to those of the Bank
of England, because they are convertible into
gold on the spot, whereas those of the Bank of
England are not so convertible anywhere but in
Threadneedle-street, or at the respective branches
whence they have been issued. Under this
system a constant and full supply of specie is
preserved throughout the kingdom, and the
country bankers are the parties by whom it
must of necessity be provided. But when
under the enactments of the present bill
a country banker has to make a payment
to a customer, he is no longer bound to deliver
more in gold than such fractional part of any
given sum as may constitute a balance be-
tween 5/. and 101. If, for instance, a master
manufacturer, having an account with a country
banker, wants a thousand and seven pounds to
pay his journeymen of a Saturday night, the
country banker is under no obligation to fur-
nish him with more than 40s. in specie ; all
the rest may be in his own notes or in those
of the Bank of England, the first being le-
gally no otherwise convertible than into the latter,
and the latter not convertible at all but possibly
300 miles from the spot ! Now we would
put it to anv honest and clear-headed man,
whether it will be possible under such circum-
stances, to maintain the quantity of gold in the
country districts essential to the carrying on of
manufactures ? During the reign of 11. notes,
which, by the way were as much convertible into
gold as those of 501., and whether issued by
the country bankers, or by the Bank itself, still
the specie was driven out of the country.
It was then argued, as it now is, that
the state of the exchanges would set all to
rights ; but the wisest members of the legis-
lature were of an opposite opinion, and two
vital conditions were imposed upon the banking
interest,—lst, that the lowest limit of bank notes
should he N.; 2dly, that every bank note
throughout the realm, whether of the Bank or
of private bankers, should be instantly conver-
tible at the shop from which it issued. Lord
Lansdowne says that perfect safety is ensured
where the paper circulation is convertible at
pleasure into gold. Be it so,—but are notes
convertible "at pleasure," where the holder
must send 300 miles to realize that converti-
bility , A pretty sort of " pleasure" to be sure.
Lord Lansdowne contends for a " perfect" con-
vertibility; but the new bill makes that conver-
tibility less perfect by a great deal than it is at
present : it makes a Bank of England note more
valuable in London than it can be anywhere
else, by the risk, and trouble, and expense of
sending it up to the metropolis for conversion.
So it makes the same note more valuable at the
distance of 50 miles from London than at 100
miles' distance, and in fact creates a variation of
prices and a confusion of standards all over the
country. The pigheaded folly that could induce
any Minister to persist in such a clause is to our
minds utterly amazing ; and now it will be six
or eight months, if not more, ere the mischief,
however palpable—however intolerable—can be
cured.— Times.

The Earl of Warwick plunged last night like
an Arctic whale with harpoons in his back.
The British and Foreign Press stung his Lord-
ship to the quick. A more futile or bungling
" explanation" was never attempted. The
Noble Earl is a perfect Non mi ricordo. He
admitted pecuniary advances to Sir Charles
Greville for the purposes of the .Registration
and the election ; but his advances were solely
for the " legal expences !" Nay, the Noble
Earl had taken singular pains to be able to prove
an alibi at the election, for he purposely quitted
his house during the period of the contest. All
these segacious precautious, however, did not
avail Lord Warwick, and only render his con-
duct more suspicious. His Lordship judi-
ciously confined himself to the letter of Lord
Melbourne, and did not venture to reply to any
single allegation of the Special Report of the
Commons' Committee. We shall see how far the
the bold and incredible declarations of the Noble
Earl are borne out by the evidence. Public rumour
says that more complete proof of culpability never
was accumulated. A few days will furnish this
test of his Lordship's confused defence, and we
Anil shortly know whether the reformed House
of Commons will tamely and pusillanimously
submit to the impudent violation of their stand-
ing orders by Lord Warwick, or consider his
confession an apology, that he—a Peer of Par-
liament and a Lord Lieutenant--provided money
for the registration and " legal expenses" of the
election. We suspect that his Lordship's pro-
vincial partisans will not thank him for thus
leaving them in the lurch ; and public opinion
has intimated to the Warwickshire borough-
monger and Lord Lieutenant that he will best
consult his personal interest and character, and
that of his corporators and agents, by resigning
his municipal offices. If he does not resign, the
reformed Parliament will degrade itself should it
iuietly submit such
a cock and bull" defence,
withOlit next session immediately voting an ad-
dress to the Crown to remove him. Such a
defence" will not deceive the guardian of geese
on a common, or impose on the driver of a
rackass.—Morning Chronicle.

Poapre
r indulges in
The Evening Treasury
correspondence
some nibbling comments on u
from Turkey. Such correspondence
can bear
to he nibbled at. It is easier for our
te
porary to assail than rival it. Those journalistsc°nn
whose information is not remarkable fur being
either very early or very authentic, can, at least,
depreciate what is beyond their attainment. It
floes not cost quite so much to rail at priority of
intelligence as to procure it. In such as the
Cod-fish discovery and the Steam boat partnership
of the Holy Alliance, we allow the superiority
of the Globe. With regard to our foreign
correspondence, our facetious contemporary
must pardon us if ive do not think the worse
of it because it not unfrequently dispels the
mystification in which the Foreign Office studi-
ously envelops public affairs. It is II o t long
since our correspondence from Madrid dissi-
pated the " darkness visible" which hung over
Sir S. Canning's mission to the Escurial. We
announced the failure of that: mission when'.the

Government prints were delusively preparing the
public mind to expect great and beneficial
results from it. On the no less " palpable ob-
scure" of the affairs of the East, we have
thrown some illumination—Hincillce lachrymce.
While the evening oracle of the Trea-
sury sneers at the intelligence from Tur-
key, which we exclusively gave, and which
has put the public in possession of the
astounding triumph which the genius of Rus-
sian diplomacy obtained over our own, it care-
fully suppresses the name of the Morning He-
rald in connection with that correspondence,
and, like the Morning Ministerial Paper of
which it is the satellite, expunges that name also
from the debate in Parliament. It is not because
those Journals believe that the correspondence
in question is untrue, or in any way discreditable
to our columns that they suppress the name of
the Paper which was the medium of its com-
munication to the public : it is because they are
convinced its truth cannot be substantially im-
pugned any more than its priority, even over the
Government intelligence cannot be denied, that
they act, as we never act with regard to them or
any other of our contemporaries, by suppressing
the name of a Journal honourably alluded to in
Parliament, while they pretend to give a fair and
accurate report of Parliamentary proceedings.
Such was not the manner in which we acted
when the Morning Paper to which we have
alluded was very recently engaged in a con-
flict with a Member of the House of Com-
mons touching alleged misrepresentation in the
reports. But sordid jealousy is superior to the
weakness of feeling either gratitude or shame.
When the Treasury Journal represents our infom-
ation respecting the treaty offensive and defensive
between Russia and the Porte as merely conjec-
tural, it forgets that the Allgemeine Zeitung has
already confirmed, in substance, what our cor-
respondent stated as to the contents of that
treaty. Even Lord Palmerston's negation of
being able to make any official communication
on the subject was so expressed as to convey
anything but a feeling of incredulity on his part.
He admits that a separate treaty has been signed
between Russia and the Porte, but adds that he
is not officially acquainted with its contents, and
therefore cannot officially communicate them.
We recollect when Lord Althorp stated that his
Majesty's Ministers had no official information
touching the destruction of the nationality of
Poland, and its incorporation with the Russian
empire, although the ukase by which that noble
nation was blotted from the map of Europe, and
the organic statutes which remodelled it as a
Russian province had been published in the
Gazette of St. Petersburg some time before.
So much for what is meant by official informa-
tion. But in the present instance negative tes-
timony goes a great way. The very circum-
stance that no official information has yet been
received by his Majesty's Ministers of the con-
tents of the treaty of Constantinople, proves that
Russia has acted with exemplary secrecy in bring-
ing this treaty about, and has had reason for this
secrecy, There can be hardly any doubt that
Lord Palmerston knows the contents of
the treaty, at least its principal features. If
not, Lord Ponsonby, and the whole of the Em-
bassy, which stands the country in about twenty
thousand pounds a-year, must be just now on
the shores of the Bosphorus in the situation in
which swallows are sometimes found on the
banks of rivers and in the trunks of rotten
trees in the winter—that is, in a torpid state. It
is impossible to conceive the Embassy in an
animated state of existence, without being able
to furnish some information touching a treaty
on which not only the destinies of Turkey, but
the political influence and commerce of England
in the East depend. The admission made by
Lord Palmerston that the Porte had sought
for succour from England before it applied to
Russia, is a most important fact. Our corres-
pondent also alluded to this circumstance, and
we said the other day, in commenting upon the
subject, that a few line-of-battle ships sent at
the proper juncture to the Bosphorus, would
have prevented the ascendancy which Russia has
gained over the mind of the Sultan. We send
him, indeed, a present of twenty brass cannon
when the battle is over, and the Emperor Ni-
cholas is installed in his new capacity of " Pro-
tector of Turkey." The Treasury Journal says,
however, very sapiently, that the assistance re-
quired of us by the Sultan being naval, it could
not, in the then stage of Ibrahim's progress,
have been effective. Well, but would it not
have satisfied the Sultan that we did all he re-
quired of us ? Would not our maritime as-
sistance, at that crisis, have produced a great
moral effect in the East ? Would it not have
have prevented the establishment of the supre-
macy of Russia at Constantinople ?—,iWoriz.
ing Herald.
On Saturday the Conference on the affairs of
the Netherlands postponed its sittings sine die_
The King of the Netherlands, as we have be-
fore stated, has refused to apply to the Diet at
Frankfort for the consent of that body towards
the dismemberment of his dominions by the
transfer of a part of Luxemburg to Belgium.
This refusal on the part of the King of the
Netherlands has led to the present decision of
the Congress. His Majesty, we understand,
has given strong reasons for his refusal to accede
to the request of the Congress upon this point,
or rather we should say for rejecting the demand
of the French Cabinet, in combination with that
of Great Britain. If we are rightly informed,
the other three Powers composing the Confer-
ence have taken but a slight share in its late
discussions ; and one reason assigned by the
King of the Netherlands for his refusal to com-
ply with the wishes of Prince Talleyrand and
Lord Palmerston is, that he cannot take the
step in question, without running the risk of
giving umbrage to his allies of Austria and
Prussia. The consent of the Diet of Frankfort
might have been obtained, if it is to be obtained
at all, by an application from the Conference,
without asking William of Nassau to request
the favour of that body to consent to the dis-
memberment of his dominions. His Majesty
has declared that he will ratify a treaty contain-
ing such a clause.—Morning Post.

HARVEST.—The wheat harvest is, we may
lay, Completed in the vale of our county, and we sincerely
congratulate the farmers in having got it in so cheap, so
good, and in so much abundance. Barley and oats are
cutting, and will be in full harvest next week, and we are
happy to say that the crops appear abundant.-- Cambrian.
HARVEST
clachlan, Messenger
IN GLENLIVAT.—Mr. Ma-
quarter, by cutting a
at Arms, commenced harvest in that
small' field of Barley, fully ripe,
unprecedented in the annals of on the 17th of this month.
the most inland and mountainTouhsil
of the parish of Glenlivat,
partis ofa
Banffshire.--
Elgin Courier.
SCARCITY or SILVER. We are informed
that at Llanelly it is very difficult toobprtaeimn.c ium has beenhange for a
sovereign, and in some instances a
given for silver in exchange for a 51. note. We advise
them to send to Carmarthen.-IVelshman.
mercial gentleman assures us of the correctness otOtmh;
above, and says that he lost taking money at Llanelly iL,
consequence of the scarcity, 1.., Cambr;an.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.

AtARLB ORO( i GH-STREE T.

A CHOLERA SUBJECT.—A tall muscular fellow,
named Ladding, in the dress of a bricklayer's
labourer, was yesterday placed at the bar, charged
with being drunk and disorderly.
The defendant was creating a considerable noise
in the street at about ten on Sunday night, and was
taken to St. James's station, where he was locked up.
At about one in the morning the most horrid yel-
ling and groaning were heard from the cell, and
Drew, the Inspector, went down. On opening the
door defendant plunged about desperately, and his
answers were indistinct excepting the word,
" cholera." The divisional surgeon was sent for,
and lie without more ado pronounced it a case of
cholera, and that it would be dangerous for the man
to remain. Seven or eight men succeeded in
placing him in a hackney-coach, and conveyed him
to St. George's Hospital, where they left him. The
surgeons immediately after made their appearance,
and inquired what he was brought there for ? De-
fendant, whose disorder had flown with the police,
called all the saints in the calendar to prove that
there was nothing the matter with him, and that the
police had deceived him by telling him that St.
George's Hospital was the station-house. The defend-
ant was accordingly turned out, and walked towards
his home comfortably. He had not proceeded far ere
he encountered the constable who had locked him up,
who naturally inquired whether he had been bailed
out, to which the defendant replied in the affirma-
tive, and he was suffered to go home. Two or
three hours afterwards the constable was at the
watchhouse, and mentioned that he had met the
man. " Met the man !" said Drew, " why, you
must be dreaming ; why the man is dying of cholera."
Each explained, the trick was discovered, and a
second capture was determined on. Accordingly,
at eight in the morning, the constables went to the
house, but somebody got sight of them ; and the
defendant, who was in bed, had evidently suffered a
relapse. One of the officers concealed himself on
the landing, and in the midst of the groaning heard
the dying man say, " Mike, is the officers gone ?"
to which Mike replied, " Yes." " Ah, then, Mike,"
says he, " we'll have some purl." The officer im-
mediately entered and captured the fellow.
Mr. DYER inquired what he had to say ?
Defendant, who pretended to support himself by
the bar, said, in a low tone, that he'd not yet re-
covered from his dreadful illness.

Mr. DYER was determined to punish the imposi-
tion, and held the fellow to bail.

QUEEN-SQUARE.

ASSAULTS ON THE NEW POLlCE.—Yesterday
Robert Jones was placed at the bar before Messrs.
GREGORIE and WHITE charged with violently ag-
saulting police constables Edward Cook, No. 61 of
the L division, and Robert Blake, No. 124, in the
execution of their duty.

The MAGISTRATES asked him what he was ?
Defendant—l am in a profession.
MAGISTRATE—What profession ? Defendant—
I am a dealer in baked sheep's heads, which I sell
about the streets.

The MAGISTRATES, having consulted together,
fined the professional dealer in baked sheep's heads
in the penalty of twenty shillings, and in default of
payment he was committed for fourteen days to the
House of correction.
HA TT ON- GARDEN.

Yesterday Michael Irwin, the proprietor of a re-
tail beer-shop, known by the sign of the Albion,
Albion-fields, Islington, appeared at this office on a
summons, charged by Rawlings, the informer, with
suffering gambling on his premises.
Joseph White, of Islington, in the employ of
Rawlings, went to the house of the defendant on
the evening of the 12th of August, and on entering
the garden at the back part he found a place so
constructed as to enable a number of gentlemen to
play at a game called " four corners." He called
for a pint of ale, and while there saw the parties
playing and betting for several hours.
Mr. Sergeant SELLON inquired whether the game
complained of corresponded with slcittles ?
Mr. FLOWER, solicitor, who attended for the de-
fendant, replied that it was.
Mr. MALLET; the clerk, said it was deemed a
more robust and healthy game than skittles.
Mr. Sergeant SELLON—And were they gentle-
men whom you saw playing ? Witness—Yes, judg-
ing from their appearance.
Mr. FLOWER—Is not the ground visited by the
Albion and other cricketers ? Witness—There is a
cricket-ground, and there are cricketers there every
night.
The defendaut tated that the gentlemen of the
Albion Club-house were in the habit of getting up
a party to have a little amusement at "four corners,"
but they certainly never gambled, but played for re-
freshment.

Rawlings— It has been before decided, in this and
other Police•offices, that skittles and " knock-'em-
downs" and " four corners" were illegal games.
Mr. FLowEß—Never ; but, on the contrary, they
have been viewed as a source of healthy amusement.
Mr. LAING—The only question to be decided is
whether there was gambling.
Mr. Ft.owEß produced the defendant's brother,
who acts as an assistant, to prove that there was no
gambling on the 12th instant. He saw no one bet
any money.

Mr. Sergeant SELLON said that the informers
ought to produce credible witnesses to corroborate
them, and he discharged the defendant.
Several Paddington omnibus drivers were fined
40s. and costs for furious driving and negligent con_
duct.