The Sun.
London, England, 1833-12-19 00:00:00

THE MARKETS.-(THIS DAY.)

HAY MARKETS.--(At per Load of 36 Trusses.)
CUMBERLAND.
Supply moderate, trade very dull, and prices as last quoted.
Coarse heavy Lowland Meadow Hay .£3 5 to £3 10
New Meadow Hay 3lO 4 I
Useful Old Ditto . 3 15 4 0

Fine Upland Meadow and Rye—grass Hay 4 0 4
4
Clover Hay 4 0 5. 0
Oat Straw £1 6to£l 8 I Wheat Straw... 1 8 • 110

SMITHFIELD.
Supply moderato, trade very dull, and prices barely stationary.
Coarse heavy Low Jana Meadow Hay £3 0 to £3 5
New Meadow Hay 3 5 4 0
Useful Old Ditto 3 5 3 15
Fine Upland Meadow and ltye.grass Hay .....
Clover Hay (extra fine)...£s o... Generally
Oat Straw ... LI 4to £1 6 I Wheat Straw 1 8 1 10

SPAIN.

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(From the Times.)
i,i\tie have received letters from Madrid of the 2d,
h, and Bth instant. We call attention to the fol.-
Plying extract from the letter of the Bth :—" Gen.
;edii had actually entered Portugal, and penetrated
far as Miranda, in the hope of surprising Don
,else,and who, warned of his danger, had fled prect-
'tately, ,
tv with his family, had succeeded in
'I'llitl„o' Chaves. The rumour now is that the
,Parish Government has resolved on sendinga
igl,,b tilcif•e ,con. sidernhle force in pursuit of the Ire-
t) dt'r• without asking the permission of either
'n Miguel or Don Pedro."
'%Dern, DEC. 2.—The French cannier has not
;toted today as was expected, by the direct road through
Yonne. We have letters from Vittoria. but none from
',boa, which occasions aortae shim, lest the communica.;
,n between the two towns should have been iiaterrupted
Itee the date of Slarsfield's last despatches.
Ce` Martinez, the Minister of Finance, has consented to
negotiation of a loan of 40,000.000 of reals, which
been negotiated without the aid of M. Aguado,
rough the intervention of Don Felipe fiery, the con-
actor for the Derechos Despuertas, or local taxes of
Ili, tin
adrid, which are abaloo-ous to the octrois, and
!ek• !! dtities, levied at the barriers of Paris
Ille,
' other great towns of France. The produce of
Ott loan will be barely sufficient to meet the interest of
:e Perpetuelles and of Guebhard's Loan, for the next six
laths
; but even that is a point of importance in the
Znent state of the country. The national bank, called
Zsank of San Fernando, subscribes for eighteen mil-
IA of the forty ; Don Felipe Riere takes ten, another
'rest contractor takes four, and the rest is made up in
ltir,ller sums. Aguado was a rival offerer, but was out-
It'clen by Riere, who has become unpopular in conse-
tlllence of the rigour with which he exacts the post
irges, of which he is the farmer—a rigour rendered
,
evessary by the high rate of his contract.
4 The Duke of San Fernando is expected this evening
uilladrid. A number of young men have gone out to
1e... • •
lh 'L turn—a sort of welcome which is not uncommon in
hte Country, but to which a political colour will doubtless
attached.
`` The newspapers of Madrid have been frequently in
%
e habit, since the death of the King, of publishing
Pplernenta, containing the news which had arrived in
he course of the morning. 'These supplements were
iltalked about the streets, and some of them appear to
11414 given offence to the Government, because, perhaps,
~ contained unwelcome intelligence. Such supple-
"'tuna, and the privilege of hawking them, have in con-
-69u ince been forbidden, and the official Gazette retains
e exclusive privilege of issuing extraordinary bulletins.
" The Conde de Florida Blanca published yesterday
t article in the Boletin de Commercio in answer to an
I
leek on the Council of Regency, which had previously
ZPeared in tFe journal called the Estrella. As the
iicitinal article was ascribed to the inspiration of M. Zee,
ti the answer, although it hears the signature of Florida
lanes, is supposed to have been dictated by the Count
`'fells, the Secretary of the Council. The Count de
tlan en Rostro owed his exile to Pampeluna six months
tlkte to such articles as this reply, then published in the
stettista. The aspect of affairs has since been changed.
i:a Count de Puno en Rostro has been suffered to re-
fill to Madrid, and Florida Blanca writes, or at least
Ills, what he will with impunity.
44 The Duke of San Carlos, a Spanish grandee of the
11,1 t class, has bad an audience of the Queen Regent since
14 arrival within these few days from France. He had
4t,evelled through the Basque provinces, and had seen most
t the detachments of the army of operations. It is said
°St the Queen had inquired of him as to the spirit of the
t
Cops, and the feelings entertained lay them towards the
:Plied,
The Duke, himself a soldier, and a young
of great frankness of disposition, is stated to have
that the cause of Isabella 11. had suffered nothing
I) lth the army from the system which bad been adopted,
le that the Queen Regent In rself had already lost much,and
tv nold be in danger of losing more, if that system were
,eraisted in.
I‘ DEC. 6.—For some time after the French revolution
~,,
t.: )830 the journals of Paris had columns set apart fur the
tumours" and "lies" of the day. If this mode of classi.
A
ation has not yet been adopted in Madrid, it is not
i, because the materials are less ample than they ever were in
the French capital, but because the scissors of the Censor
Still spare us the daily infliction. Between twelve and
'l'l4 at the Boise, and afterwards among the groups at the
(lea° del Sal, or, still better, in the evening in the
neighbouring coffee houses, there are modes of publication
far this species of intelligence over which no censorial autho-
tity yet discovered has had any control. To.day, for in-
stance, it is averted that 2,000 insurgents have made
their appearance at Guadalaxat a, within seven leagues of
the capital. In like manner it is stated, but, perhaps on
'etter authority, that General Radii, who has long been
'stching the movements of Don Carlos on the frontier,
has actually penetrated into Portugal, as far as Miranda,
Itlehe hope of surprising the Pretender, and bringing him
Within the power of the Spanish authorities. The
tlarour goes no further, but contents itself with saying,
that having received timely warning, Don Carlos had
taken his departure from Miranda just before the arrival
of General Rodil.
" The most active partisans of Don Carlos and of ab-
solutism are still to be found among the priesthood. To.
morrow we expect the arrival in Madrid of 22 monks
7ho have just been arrested nt Burgos. At Santiago they
had enlisted in the cause every creature of clerical autho.
12,4 Y, down to the nondescript personage who is gravely
"escribed at the period of his arrest as ' el capon cantor
'la la catedral.'
" The Captain-General of Catalonia, Llander, appre-
hensive, it is said, lest the guerillas in the kingdom of
Valencia should be able to establish themselves in force in
''is neighbourhood, has resolved to march against the faction
°I. Morilla with a column of 1,000 men. In the mean
time, it is said that 300 men are already in motion toward
the scene of the Valencian insurrection.
" The Governor of Cadiz, Moneso, in consequence of
the suspicions of Carlin° which attach to him, has been
replaced by Baffa, who formerly held the rank of brigadier
in the army.
" The Royal decrees which have lately proceeded from
the office of the Home Department, establishing a new
territorial arrangement of the kingdom were at first re-
ceived with universal satisfaction. Amongst the Liberals,
however, you may now hear complaints that the system
thus adopted by Burgos, the Minister de Foments, is a
mere appropriation of the principle of centralization,which
they say has been attended in France with so many per-
nicious consequences. At this moment, however, I have
evidence before me that the decrees which have just been
issued are not what the French would call an improvisa-
tion. This evidence consists in a letter, still in manu-
script, addressed from Paris on the 14th of January, 1826,
by Don Xavier de Burgos, now the Minister of the Home
Department, to the late King Ferdinand, in which he
details a plan of improvement in many respects identical
With what has just been embodied in these decrees. In
this letter or exposicion, as be calls it, Don Xavier is at
Pains to account fur his absence from Spain by the alleged
necessity of superintending the education of his children,
although, in point of fact, it was probably occasioned by the
fear that the very liberality of this same exposicion would
expose him to personal hostility and danger. At its
conclusion he protests that he is ready to reply by word or
writing to any objections that might be raised against the
Means of salvation for the country which he had thus
recommended, and be offers to explain in successive me-
morials the mode in which his suggestions might be car-
ried into effect. It is to himself, however, after the lapse
of so long an interval, that this task is intrusted ; and if
the country can be better governed by one central Admi-
nistration than by half a dozen independent Viceroys with
the title of Captain-General, the objection that the new
system, in the hands of an unpopular Administration, may
hereafter be used to the prejudice of public liberty, will,
probably, not be received with much favour or attention
1 on the other side of the Pyrenees. No system could well
' be worse than that which the new administrative arrange-
tnents are intended to displace. If the officers intrusted
with administrative functions in the new territorial dis-
tricts into which the country is divided, are to be more
like French Prefets than Spanish Captains-General, the
change, for all that appears, is likely to be in favour of
those under their control, while the facilities afforded for
the collection of the revenue, and for tendering the general
march of the Government more smooth and uniform, seem
to entitle these decrees to a more favourable consideration
than anything that is likely to receive that proceeds from
a Cabinet which acknowledges M. de Zea for its chief.
" The accounts from Lisbon, to the beginning of the
present month, throw but little light on the offered me-
diation of England and Spain between the two bro,bers
of the House of Bragarza. Don Miguel evidently Fees
that, by submitting to the proposed arbitration, he would
'l not be permitted to continue to disturb the peace of the
peninsula, and that the nature anti the amount of the
provision to be made for him, would in effect be the only
question at issue before the umpires. He probably feels
that during the winter months he cannot be easily dis-
placed from his present position in Santarem, and he is
naturally unwilling to relinquish the trappings of royalty,

as long as he has any one to address him by a COI
so sadly misapplied, as that of His Most Faithful
Majesty. The recognition of the Queen of Portugal,
by the Government of the Queen of Spain, has proba-
My been postponed with a vied to this mediation, which,
in spite of all the talent., the activity, and perieverance
of the British Minister at the Court of Madrid, will
clearly lead to nothing until the arbitrators are seconded
by a fleet and an army. A mistake has found its way
into the newspapers, as to the period when the diplo-
matic duties of the new English Envoy began. It is true
that the arrival of Mr. Villiers in Madrid was but the
day before tha death of King Ferdinand, so that ho had
not as opportunity of delivering his letters of credence
before the demise. Nothing, however, could be more
fortunate or opportune than this remarkable coincidence
between the King's death and the Minister's arrival, for
the success of a mission which was intended to give a new
tone to the subsisting relations between the two countries.
Since it wa= necessar!,, or
sconvenient that M. Zea should
remain in power, it would not have been easy, however
pliable the Spanish Premier may be, for the Grey Admi-
nistration to impart its views and sentiments through the
instrumentality of Mr. Addington. Between Mr. Vdlier.
and M. Zea, there were no antecedents which could leave
any obstacle to a morn liberal course of ptilicy, and ac-
eordingly, from the first hour of the new Envoy's arrival,
he has been applying himself strenuously, if not successfully,
to detach the Queen's Government from connexions which
were in danger of imparting to it a retrograde movement.
It was during the first weeks of his residence at Madrid,
when as yet none of the diplomatic body were formally ac-
credited to the Court of the Queen Regent, that the labours
of Mr. Villiers, were almost without intermission.
Towards the government of M. Zea, both he and M.
Rayneval profess the strictest neutrality ; but it is
such a neutrality as to impress on the public mind the idea
of active support, without whi th, or the belief in it, the
present Cabinet must already have fallen in pieces. There
are people in this country who believe that it is possible
to pass with safety from a state of unmitigated despotism
to the most perfect liberty without any period of transi-
tion : but is it not evident that a season of apprenticeship
is as necessary to prepare for the enjoyment of political
rights in Spain as it is for the exercise of personal free-
dom among the negroes of the West Indies?
" MADRID, DEC. S.—ln my letter of the 6th inltant,
without guaranteeing their accuracy, I repeated to you the
rumours of the day, but of course only such rumours as
had been circulated where inform ition is to be obtained on
which a certain degree of reliance rosy be placed. The
priv ite letters which have since arrived in Madrid from so
many separate and independent sources leave it no longer
doubtful that General Rodil has actually entered Por-
tugal, and penetrated as far as Miranda, in the hope
of surprising Don Carlos, who, wat tied of his danger, had
1141 precipitately, and with his family had succeeded in
reaching Chaves. The rumour now is that the Spanish
Government has resolved on sending a much more
considerable force in pursuit of the Pretender, without
asking the permission either of Din Miguel or D.in Pedro.
In the mean time this movement of Rodil has not been
without its effect on the politics of Portugal. The town
of Miranda, which before his entry had recognized the
authority of Don Miguel, was no sooner relieved from the
presence of Don Carlos and the troops which served as his
body guard, than it proceeded to proclaim the sovereignty
of Donna Maria as Queen of Portugal. In the present
state of the two kingdoms, the Spanish Government will,
doubtless, find arguments to justify this invasion of the
Portuguese territory. It cannot be expected that a pre-
tender to the Spanish crown should be suffered to threaten
and disturb the tranquillity of the country without any
attempt being made either to make sure of his person, or
at least to drive him from the verge of the frontier. It
is not impossible that the countenance and protection
extended to Don Carlos by the adherents of Don Miguel
may thus bring in its train a more prompt decision of
the Portuguese question than would otherwise have taken
place.
" This act of boldness on the part of M. Zea's admi-
nistration will doubtless be examined with severity both
here and elsewhere. Its effect in this country will ob.
viously be to silence the most formidable of his enemies,
and to give him a surer hold of power than he has hitherto
enjoyed. The next measure expected from him is the
placing the regiments of the line on the war establishment.
At present, the whole of the armed force at the disposal
of the Government, including not only those regiments of
militia which were raised by the Viceroys and Captains-
General, on the understanding that they were not to be
called upon to serve beyond the bounds of their respective
provinces, but also the whole of the aduaneros or Custom-
house guard, which in this country, as in France, is com-
posed of men provided with arms, and accustomed to
military duty, on the most liberal computation does not
exceed, if it amounts to, 85,000 men ; yet such is the
profusion with which military commissions have heretofore
been granted in this country, that on the lists of the
Minister at War there are at this moment officers sufficient
for an army of 200,000 men. The filling up of the
regiments would not, therefore, involve a proportional
increase of expenditure, while it would nearly double the
disposable amount of the armed force of the country.
" Quesada, the Captain-General of Old Castile, continues
to display his accustomed energy in the exercise of a com-
mand which is rendered so important by its vicinity to
the capital. In spite of all his efforts, however, and those
of Pastors, his second in command, (who must be distin•
guished from El Pastor of the north,) the province of Old
Castile is still infested with wandering bands of Carlists.
On Tuesday last, the 3d inst., a considerable guerilla force
under Balmaseta, the lieutenant of the priest Merino, was
dispersed in the neighbourhood of Almeda, by a division
of the corps of General Pastors. On the Monday even-
ing Balmaseta had entered Siguenza, after having menaced
on Sunday, the Ist. inst., the town of Guadalaxara, which
is within seven Spanish leagues of the capital. As to
Merino, the indefatigable chief, although so lately beaten,
we still expect to bear of his reappearance at some new point
as soon as he has had time to reassemble his scattered
forces. As long at least as he remains at large, it is im-
possible to say that the metropolitan provinces are com-
pletely pacified.
" The weakness and inactivity of Vives, the Viceroy of
Valencia, and the delays which have in consequence taken
place in the organization of the urban militia, have been
such as to encourage the guerillas in that quarter of the
kingdom. It is to be hoped, however, that the known
energy and activity of Martinez de San Martin, who has
been sent into Valencia with the rank of second in com-
mand, under the Viceroy Vives, will give a new colour to
the aspect of affairs in Valencia. The Queen Regent is
so well assured of the firm and decided character of San
Martin, that she would gladly have intrusted him with the
supreme command, but the removal of Vives has found
opponents in the Cabinet, so that any change in the Vice-
royalty is for the present postponed. General Llander,
who had detached a column of 300 men from his com-
mand in Catalonia against the insurgents under Morillo,
bas since found it necessary to add considerably to the
strength of the detachment.
" The disbanded volunteers of Aranjuez having exhi-
bited certain symptoms of insolence and discontent, a de-
tachment of 200 cavalry has been sent from Madrid to
keep them in check and deter them from breaking out into
any open act of violence.
" For the last two or three days we have bad no intelli-
gence from the northern provinces. The insurgents of
Alava and Biscay appear to have thrown themselves into
Navarre, where Valdez, the new Commander-in. Chief, is
preparing to follow them.
" The cause of the Queen, the Queen-Regent, and of
free institutions, is daily celebrated, as you see in all our
journals, both in prose and rhyme. It was by way of
Paris, however, that we first heard of the establishment of
a Carlist journal at Bilboa, although public rumour had
given us reason to believe that the streets of that town
and of Vittoria had for some days resounded with songs
and ballads in praise of Don Carlos andofthe
tHacotllyonln.l-8
quisition. The poet laureate of the Absolute
said to be a certain Father Acevedo, who is described as
one of those universal geniuses who can wield with equal
dexterity the pen, the sword, or the censor. The burden
of one of his most successful compositions, if done into
English, would stand in free doggrel pretty nearly as
follows _ _

" Fight fellows, fight I
" Never lose an instant,
" Maintaining still your Royalist position,
" Shout with all your might,
" Long live the Infant I
" And longer live the blessed Inquisition :"

The Duke of Bedford came to Belgrave-
square yesterday, from Woburn Abbey, for a few days.
The Christmas gaities will commence at the Abbey on
Monday next.
Major-General Sir Willoughby Cotton, who
went out to Jamaica, as Commander of the Forces there,
during the administration of the Earl of Belmore, and who
returned from the West Indies a few months ago for the
improvement of his health, has declined returning on the
ground that the climate does not agree with bim. It` w-
as
upon the resignation of the command by Sir
loughby that Major General Norcott was appointed to
succeed him. Sir Willoughby and Lady Augusta Cotton,
and their family, have been for some time staying at
Brighton.