The Sun.
London, England, 1851-09-10 00:00:00

*°. ' Ir SEPTEMBER 10 1851,
N°. 18,398] LONDON WEDN ESDAY
sc
t,
„
9

Just published, in post Svo., price 95. cloth,
GOLDEN D REAMS AND W AXING
RE AL [TIES ; being the Adventures of a Gold-Seeker in
California and the Pacific Islands.

l:y WILLIAM SHAW.
"The title of this book is not inaptly chosen : the Golden
Dreams' are the auriferous anticipations of an adventurous young
gentleman who started for the diggings : and the Waking Reali-
cies' are the, actual state of things he encountered in the golden land.
The story is told plainly, forcibly, and not without a pithy, natural
eloquence; while the author's candour seems to vouch for the honest
truth of his statements "—Atlas. _

" Mr. Shaw suffered and saw sufferings such as in fiction would
eem unnatural, and which nothing but youth and a capital consti-
tution enabled him to survive; his career was one continued series
of hardships, priVation, and labour, with frequent danger and rise of
life. The misery of avarice in the midst of wealth has been a theme
for poets and moralists, but the reality surpasses the imagination."
—Spectator.
"Mr. Shaw is a candid, unaffected, pleasing writer, and a trust-
worthy guide. The account of his sufferings and those of other un-
fortunate gold-seekers is painfully like truth ; his descriptions of
some scenes are appalling."--Morning Advertiser.
lindon : Smith, Elder, and Co., 65, Cornhill.

COMPANION to the PSALM and HYMN
BOOK. By GEORGE FORBES.
Pocket Edition of Congregational Psalmody, arranged for Four
Voices, Organ, or Piano, with words arranged ; adapted to the
Bishop of London's Selection, &c., and dedicated, by permission, to
the Rev. Dr. Spry, Rev. Messrs. Dale, Baring, Gamier, Gurney, &c.
ss. in cloth, gilt edged.
Published by Wright, Pali•mall; Rivington, Hatchard, Leader, and
Cocks, and all music and booksellers.

THE ERA, of SATURDAY next, will contain
The ST. LEGER PROPHECY,

By "TOUCHSTONE,"
with the PERFORMANCE,, of the FAVOURITES,
a LIST of the PROBAELE STARTERS,
the various moves in the market, and all the latest intelligence con-
cerning the great event.
JOE MUGGINTS'S DOG

will give his Canine Prophecy, with many CURIOUS DE-TAILS.
By paying the sum of Thirteen Shillinv, Six Months' Subscription
to the Era, Sporting and Family Newspaper, you will receive that
Journal regularly for Twenty-six Weeks, and be presented GRXTIS,
Rh a numbered receipt, whieb may enable you to obtain a consi-
derable ain,unt,•as the Proprietors return the Subscription at he
rate of 501. for every 1,010 Subscribers registered. To be distributed
under the management of a Committea of .Newsagents and Sub-
scribers.
All Subscribers to the Era who wish to pa,ticipate in the ER
ST. LEGER GIFTS. must forward, on or before the 15th instant,
a Post.office Order for 135., to Mr. Frederick Ledger, Era Office, 3,
Catherine-street, Strand.

['he GREAT EXHIBITION' and the ROYAL POLYTECHNIC

INSTITUTION.
the most interesting Deposits at the Great Exhibition will, in
turn, be lectured on at the
OYAL PO L Y I'ECELN IC IN STITUTIO.N.
%, The present Lectures are on the Chemistry of the Minerals
at the Great Exhibition, inclatins4 the precious Gems, Crystalisa-
tions, &c., byJ. H. i'epper, Esq. Popular Lecture by Dr Bachhoffner
en the recent Total Eclipse or the Sun, with splendid Diagrams, show-
n.; the appearances wnich actually occurred on the line of Totality.
—The Rotation of the Earth, exhibited by Foucault's Experiments.
—The great economy of Cooking by Gas explained.—A Lecture on
the History of the Harp, by Frederick Chatterton, Esq., with Vocal
illustrations.—Two Series of splendid Dissolving Views.—Diver and
Living Bell, &c.
Admission, Is.; Schools, Half-price.
Open daily from Hatf-past Ten to Five, and every Evening from
:even till Half-past Ten.

LAURENT'S GRAND CASINO,
Licensed by Act of Parliament.
AIiGYLL ROOMS, GREAT WINDMILL-
STREET, ST. JAMES'S.
Sole Lessee, Charles Emile Laurent, jun., 57, Brompton-spare.)
OPEN EVERY EVENING,
With LAURENT'S UNRIVALLED BAND.
Principal Cornet-a-Pistons, M. Boulcourt.
Doors open at Half-past Eight o'clock—Dancing to commas. at
quo and terminate at Half-past Eleven o'clock precisely.
Admission, Ono Shilling.

THE GREATEST WONDER IN LONDON IS
11 ATT Y'S GRAND NATIONAL
HIPPODROME, Kensington.

OPEN DAILY.

ALL S 0 PP'S EAST INDIA PALE and
other BURTON ALES.
The public is respectfully informed that these favourite Aleslmay
be had Genuine, in Casks of IS Gallons and uowards, at their respec-
tive Stores-as under, where alio a List of the Bottlers may be ob-
tained:— _ . .

The Brewery, Burton-on-Trent.
Stores, GI, King WUliam-strcet, City, London.
Cook•street, Liverpool.
Iligh-street, Birmingham.
Tho Exchange, Manchester.
33, Virginia-street,' Gla.sgow.

THE GREAT EXHIBITION

Yesterdag the receipts at the doors of the building
rose to 2,7951. the number of visitors, according to
the police returns, being 58,015. The Duke of Nor-
folk gave a holiday to 60 more of his farm labourers,
who, :previous to starting, were regaled with a sub-
stantial .hreakfast at Arundel. Thence they were
conveyed by express train to the London-bridge ter-
minus, and they made their appearance in the Exhi-
bition in full agricultural costume, and with green
rosettes in their lints, surmounted by ears of corn, as
the signs of a completed harvest.
With reference. tc the lock controversy, we have re-
ceived the following copy of a letter addressed by the
Messrs. Bramah to Mr. George Rennie, chairman of
the. committee of arbitration, from which it will be
seen that, while stating certain objections, they have
paid Mr. Hobbs the 200 guineas won by him :
" 124, Piccadilly. Sept. 9.
_

" Dear Sir,—We beg to acknowledge your letter of
yesterday's date, and will not trouble you to attend here
to-morrow, but beg to hand you the 2101. awarded by
the arbitrators to Mr. Hobbs. We need scarcely repeat
th 4 the decision at which the arbitrators have arrived
has surprised us much, and we owe to ourselves and the
public to protest against it. We do so for the following
reasons:—
" 1. Because the arbitrators, having been appointed
to see fair play,' and that the lock was fairly operated
upon, did not, although repeatedly requested in writing
to do so,'once inspect or allow any one to witness Mr.
Hobbs's operations during the 16 days he had the sole
custody of the lock, and was engaged in the work.
"2. Because the arbitrators did not once exercise
their right of using the key, although repeatedly re-
quested in writing to do so, till after Mr. Hobbs had
completed his operations ; and then, instead of applying
it at once to prove no damage had been done to the
lock, allowed him 24 hours to repair any that might
have occurred.
" 3. Because the leek being opened by means of a
fixed aparatus, screwed to the woodwork in which the
lock was enclosed for the purpose of the experiment
(which it is obvious could not have been applied to an
iron door without discovery), and the addition of three
or four other instruments, the spirit of the challenge has
evidently not been complied with.
"4. Because from the course adopted an opportunity
of some good scientific results has been taken from us,
as neideor arbitrators nor any one else saw the whole,
or even the most important instruments by which it is
said the lock was picked actually applied in operation,
either before or after the lock was presented open to the
arbitrators.
"5. Because during the progress of Mr. Hobbs's ope-
rations, and several days before their completion, we
called the attention of the arbitrators to what we con-
sidered the interpretation of the challenge, begging at
the same time that they would apply the key and ap-
point some one to be present during the residue of the
experiment, feeling that whatever might be the result
in a scientific point of view, the reward could not be
awarded. We would add that we think that several
points which appear on your minutes should not have
been mentioned in your award, more especially that Mr.
Hobbs on the 2d of June took a wax impression of the
lock, and had made, as far as he could, instruments
therefrom between that date and the commencement of
his operations.
" We are, dear Sir, your obedient servants,
BRAMAH and Co.
" George Rennie, Esq., Chairman of the
Bramah Lock ommittee."
The Canadian exhibitors have set an example of
practical wisdom, with reference to the Exhibition,
which is well worthy of imitation. Feeling that
this great display in Hyde•park would be chiefly
viewed in its bearings upon the industry
of this country, they have not lost sight
of the fact, that it has an important significance
with reference to their colonial interests, and
they have therefore appointed a jury to investigate
thoroughly the question how they are most to be
benefited by the occasion. It is highly probable that
the East India Company will adopt a similar course;
and to any one at all conversant with the details of
the Exhibition, the practical value of an inquiry of
the kind cannot be overrated. It is on all hands
allowed that the Indian collection is not only the most
attractive, but the most instructive display in the

The propriet'r, determined to keep pace with its rival, the Great
Exhibition, has decided upon continuing the Hippodrome open until
the close of the Crystal Palace, and begs to intimate to 1113 patrons
and the public that as he opened on the same day as the Palace of
Industry, and as his career of success is without parallel, that he
would impress upon the minds of his friends the necessity of an early
visit, as it will positively close on the 11th of October. This Evening
and during the week, the performances will assume the most novel
and unique caste.
Mr. Batty has much pleasure in announcing to his Patrons that
TO-MORROW, September 11, there will be a Grand DAY PER-
FORMANCE. Doors open at One, to commence precisely at Two.
The entertainments in the Evening as usual.
FRIDAY—Mr. Hampton, the celebrated Aeronaut, will make
an Ascent in his magnificent Balloon the Erin-go-Bragh, precisely at
Six o'clock.
Doors open at Half-past Four, commence precisely at Half-past Five.
Private Boxes
Admission to the Reserved Seats - 38. Od.
Firot-class do.
01.
Second do.
Third do.

CREMORN E.—Admi3slon, One Shilling ;
Children, Ilalf-price.
Last Week of Franconi's Equestrian Troupe.
The Four o'clock Performance is free from any charge.
A new Italian Ballet Pantomime, entitlad Harlequin and the Four
Elemmts ; or, Earth. Air, Fire, and Water, with entirenew scenery,
appointmeuto, &a., of file ntU Inagniflttutktemertgetost. arraoltefPW

the Deulin Family.
THIS DAY and SATURDAY—Venetian Fetes, with brilliant
Illuminations.
TO-MORROW—Grand National Fetes, with, at Ten o'clock, Night
Balloon Ascent, with brilliant Pyrotechnic Display.
FRIDAY— Grand Balloon Ascents by the celebrated Spanish
Aeronaut, Giuseppe Lunardini, In the Royal Cremorne Balloon.
At Four o'clock in the Afternoon, and half-past Eight Evening,
Franconi's celebrated Equestrian Troupe, from Sc. Cirque National
de France, no charge made for the Four o'clock performance.
Bosisto, the celebrated composer of dc-icing music, con-
ducts the great Cremorne Band, and will execute all the
music which he composed and condu :led at her Maiesty's
Ball at Buckingham Palace. Exhaustless entertainments daily, in-
cluding the Bosjesmans or Bush People, Deulin's Ballet the Star of
Beauty, the Ethiopian Ser..nailers, the double-sighted Youth,
riantello's Egg-hatching, the Bowling Saloon, Soc. Doors open at
half-past Two, admisAon Is.. Children half-price. The Hotel affords
every accommodation for private and public dinner and sniper par-
ties. Steam-boats and omnibuses nightly after the entertainments,
the transit being superintended by Directors. Fare, 4d. by Boat,
and 6d. by Omnibus.
On Sunday the Gardens are open in the afternoon for refreshment,
admission by refreshment card 61. Table d'Hete at Four and Six
,I'clock, 2s'. 6d.

TRAVELLERS and VISITORS to the SEA-
COAST would do well to provide themselves with a bottle of
Rowlands' Aqua d'Oro. This fraArant and spirituous perfume re-
freshes and invigorates the system d ring the heat of summer, and
will be found an essential accompaniment for the opera, the public
assembly, and the promenade. In all cases of excitement, lassitude,
or over exertion, it w 11 prove of great advantage taken as a bever-
age, diluted with water. Price 3s, 6d. per bottle.
ROWLANDS' KALYDOR
will also prove a most refreshing preparation for the con,p'.exion,
dispelling the cloud of langour and relaxation, allaying all heat and
1 ritabiltty, and immediately affording the pleasing sensation attend-
ing restored elasticity and healthful state of the Wean. Freckles, Tan,
Spots, Pimples, and Discolorations are effectually prevented and era-
dicated by its application ; and in cases of sunburn, stings of insects,
or inciden,al inflammation, its virtues are universally acknowledged.
Price 4s. 6d. and Bs. 6d. per bottle.
Sold by A. ROWLAND and SONS, 20, Hatton-garden, London ; and
by Chemists and Perfumers.

MEDICAL ADVICE ON THE bECREI INFIRMITIES OF
y.,'rrrli AND MATifitTTY.
With Plain Directions for their Prevention and Cure.
FIFTY COLOURED F,WORAvi NOS O-ar 'TEEL.
oubashad, in French, English, German, Dutch, Spanish, and
Italian, in a sealed L'avelope, 2a. 6d.. or post-free, from the
Author, for forty-two stamps,
fiZELF-PiIESERVATION; a
L Medical Treatise on the Physiology of Marriage, and on
the Secret Infirmities and Disorders of Youth and Maturity,
uiaally acquired at an early p.riod of life, which destroy
tae physical and rental powers, diminish and enfeeble the natural
f.,slings, and exhaust the vital energies of Manhood; with Practical
0 ,nervations on the certain Prevention and successful Treatment of
Nervous Debility, Local and Constitutional Weakness,
S rieture, and all Diseases and Derangements resulting from Indig-
o .etiun, as adopted by Lallemaud, Ricord, and other eminent mem-
sere of the faculty in FrallCe. Wltb Fifty coloured Engravings,
illustrating the trattoria, Physiology, and Diseases of the Re.
productive Organs, explaining their streetutea, uses, and functions,
and the various injuries that are produced in them lay Solitary
habits, excesses, and infection.
BY SAMUEL LA'MERT, M.D.,
37, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LonDorr.
DOctorh, Honorary of Medicine. Matriculated Member of the Un
Medical
of Edin-
burg Member of the London HeHospital Society,
Licentiate of Apothecaries' Hall, Lonelon, Member of the Runterian
Medical Society of Edinburgh, Bce., the.
This work contains a plain and complete description of the ana-
tomy and physiology of the reproductive organs, and of their relative
conditions in health and disease. Dr. La'Mcrt, who has taken the
highest medical honours, as evidenced by the diplomas and testimo-
nials inserted in the work, is the only legally qualified medical man
who has exclusively, and for many years, devoted his studies to
the treatment of these complaints. He may be consulted with ad-
vantage by all those whose constitutions may have become debili-
tated through secret practices acquired in youth. or by the excesses
of later years, whereby the pleasures of life are marred, the objects
of marriage frustrated, and existence itself rendered a term of un-
ceasing misery and regret.
Published by the Author, and may be had of J. Gilbert, 49, Pater-
noster-row; Hannay, 63, Oxford-street; Stario, Titchborne-street
Haymarket; Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street ; Mann, 23, Cornhill:
er free by post for forty-two stamps, from the author's residence, who
may he oonnaltod on these disorders oeranualle. or by letter, daily,
from Ten till Two. and from Six till Eiett

IN SIX LANGUAGES-FORTIETH EDITION.
C 311TALNING THE REMEDY
ASEFOR THE PREVENTION OF
DISE.

MUgrated by One Hundred Anatomical Coloured Engravings on
Steel.
ON PHYSICAL DISQUALIFICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCA-
PACITY, AND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE.
A. New and Improved Edition, enlarged to 196 pages, price 20. 6d.
by post, direct from the Establishment, 3s. 6d. in postage stamps,
All Communications being strictly conidential, the Authors have
discontinued the publishing of Cases.
PHI. 'SILENT FRIEND, a Medical Work on
the exhaustion and physical decay of the system, produced by
ere salve Indulgence, the consequences of infection, or the abuse of
tteteury, with explicit directions for the use of the preventive lotion,
followe.l by observations on the Married State, and the disqualifica-
tions which prevent it. Illustrated by 100 Coloured Engravings, By
It. and L. PERRY and CO., 19, Berners-street, Oxford-street, Lon-
don. Published by the Authors ; and sold by Strange, 21, Pater-
noster-row ;
--annAY, 63, and Sanger, 150, Oxford-street ; and Gor-
don, 146, Leadnnhall-street, London.
Paler 1. treats of the anatomy luau physiology of the re-prodnctire
ergans, and is 11We-rated by 28 Coloured Engravings.
PAST 11. treats of the consequences resulting from excessive in-
dulgence, and their lamentable effects on the system, producing
mental and bodily weakness, nervous excitement, and generative
Incapacity. Illustrated by 10 Explanatory Engravings.
PART in. treats of the diseases resulting from infection, either in
the primary or secondary form, and contains explicit directions for
their treatment. This section is illustrated by 62 Coloured Engiav-

PART IT. oontainS a Remedy for the Prevention of Disease by a
simple application, by which the danger of intention is obviated..
This important part of the Work should not =ape the readeea
notice.
PAST V. is devoted.to the eonsideration of marriage, and its du-
ties. The causes of unproductive union are also considered, and the
whole subject critically and philosophically inquired into.
THE CORDIAL BALM. OF bFRIACO2I IS exclusively employed in
treating nervous and sexual debility, impotence, tie„ I Is. and abr.
per bottle. The Concentrated Detersive Essence, an anti-syphilitic
remedy, for purifying the blood in eases of infection, secondary
s.7metottis, eruptions, and the abuao of mercury, I Is. and 335. per
bottle. Perry's Purifying Specific Phis, 2s. Od ,4s. 6d., and I la.
pot box, a certain remedy for gonorrhea, sleet, etrictura, and
chromic inflammation of the bladder. Consultation fee, if by letter,
11. A minute datall of the case is required: age, habits, and posi-
tion in society. 51. Packets, with advice, to be had at the eta-
blis.mant ovjY, by which the fee, 11., is saved. Messrs. Perry,
are in tittondanoo daily at 19, Berners-street. Oxford-street, Lon-
don, from Eieyeji till Two, and rive to roighti on filin day, from
Moven to 9no,

COH.MUNICATION between ENGLAND and
IRELAND, via CBESTER and HOLYHEAD.

It would not be doing justice to the Chester and
Holyhead Railway Company to consider their recent
arrangement of through fares anti return tickets be-
tween England and Ireland simply_ in the light of a
commerciel speculation. No doubt the scheme now
set on foot for facilitating the intercourse bet ween.the
two countries will be commercially profitable; but a
step in this direction is not without importance in a
political and social point of view. The more the
people of England and Ireland are enabled to come in
contact, the more kindly will grow the relationship
bet Ween the:two countries; and prejudices which each
nation has formed against the other will be found to
fall before the test of actual observation and friendly
intercourse. The resources of Ireland also 'nave yet
to be developed, and any facilities whereby the inter-
communication of the two countries can be promoted,
and an inducement offered for the investment of capi-
tal in the Irish soil, may fairly be regarded as a
national boon.

Toe hooking through and return ticket system be-
tween England and Ireland hae_been in operation
since the Ist of August, but during that month it
only extended between London, Birmiughatn, Man-
chester, Liverpool, and Cheater, on the one hand, and
Dublin on the other. It is now carried out between
those towns in England, and Dublin, Cork, Limerick,
Kilkenny, Galway, Ballinasloe, Athlone, Mullingar,
Belfast, Newry, and Dundalk. Passengers are also
booked to or from Kingstown and Crewe,_ Warring-
ton, Leeds, Huddersfield, and Bangor. The return-
ticket system enables a party travelling between Lon-
dun and any of the above places in Ireland to be
absent a fortnight ; and the price of these tickets is
usually a single fere and a half; but in some cases it
is even lower. Passengers get to Dublin by express
trains in 13/ hours, and thus save largely upon the
Liverpool route. The distance between London and
Dublin is 333 miles, so that a passenger taking a
return ticket travels 666 miles, first class express, for
4/. 103., or at the rate of about 123.64. per 100 miles,
including boats. Second class passengers are charged
in the proportion of one third less. The single fare
from London to Galway, first class, is 31.163., and
2/. 12s. second class; return tickets are Si. 15s. first
class, and 4/. second class. The single fare to Newry
is 31. ss. first class, and 2/. 6s. second class; return
tickets 4/. 17s. 6d. first class, and 3/. 93. secon. The
first-class fare to Belfast is 31. 103., second class 2/.
103. ; return ticket 51. 53. first class, 31. 15s. second.
The principal Irish railways which have associated
themselves with the Chester and Holyhead Company
in the above extension of railway communication, are
the Great Southern and 'Western, between Dublin
and Cork ; the Midland Great Western, between
Dublin and Galway ; the Dublin and Drogheda, the
Belfast Junction, and the Irish South-Eastern. When
the Killarney Junction Railway is formed from Mal-
low to Killarney, the railway communication between
Dublin and the Lakes will be complete. Railway
accommodation will also be afforded between Dublin
and Wicklow in the course of the next eighteen
months, and the line will traverse Bray and other in-
teresting scenery in the county of Wicklow. The
through railway communication between Dublin and
Belfast will be completed in January next, with the
exception of the Boyne viaduct, which will not be
finished until 1853. It may here be stated that the
same system of booking through between England
and the places we have enumerated on the other side
of the channel will be applied to goods as well as pas-
sengers.
The English tourist will naturally seek Killarney.
The medium of communication for the greater part
of the distance is the Great Southern and Western
Railway (the best constructed and best managed line
throughout Ireland), which will take him to Cork, if
he prefers first to see the lakes from the Kenmaree
road ; or to Mallow, if ho chooses to go direct to Kil-
larney. By adopting the former course ha will be
enabled to visit Cork and Qaeenstown ; and by pur-
suing that route, Bantry Bay and the magnificent
scenery of Glengariff will also be brought within his
view. By the Midland Great Western Railway he
reaches Galway, whose bay has recently been the
subject of so much controversy.
As the through fare and return ticket system has
only been fully in operation since the Ist September,
the effect upon the traffic generally has not yet been
ascertained ; but it may be mentioned as an instance
of the augmented traffic which must have taken place
since the partial adoption of the scheme on the .Ist

fair that the Company
nt
eodt other
ts rnansdhoduledpenbdeeneeqiieisallyarebennebtit benefited. so largely, it is only right anti
Ourrepresented icoloniesn its
any authority empowered to attend to their in-
terests, and in the general rush for honours and
distinctions, it is much to be feared that their in-
terests may be overlooked. Our Australian and
New Zsaland possessions, Ceylon, Malta, Western
Africa, Van Diemen's Land, and other territories
owing allegiance to the British Crown, have no au-
thorised representatives in the Crystal Palace, the
contents of which are no doubt deeply suggestive to
them. The propriety of their being furnished with
reports suited to their respective requirements cannot
be disputed, and it is to be hoped that the Colonial-
office will turn its attention to this matter, and supply
them with the information afforded by an opportunity
which may never again arise. In our Home Govern-
ment the same point is suggestive, and the example of
private individuals and associations should act as an
incentive. The Society of Arts has offered premiums
for five general essays. In the same spirit, Mr.
Gilbert has announced a prize of 100 guineas for
a treatise on subjects tending to improve the
present system of banking. If our public de-
partments were to take a hint from this,
the most beneficial results might be expected. Let
us suggest, for instance, that Sir John Bur-
goyne and the Board of Ordnance should depute
some perion or persons to report upon the Exhibition
as it affected them. The body selected for this duty
would have ample materials on which to exercise its
talents. It might investigate the merits of the new
construction of guns, the advantages of loading at
the breech, of conical bullets, of convenient accou-
trements, of properly tempered swords and so forth.
The Admiralty also might come prominently for-
ward, and determine the moot points of ship anchors,
and of the best system of naval architecture. Marine
engines and the apparatus for handling guns with dex
terity would likewise be advantageously discussed.
If there is any truth in the saying, that the best way
to preserve peace is to be thoroughly prepared for war,
here is a most favourable opportunity for giving effect to
that maxim. But the occasion is suggestive to private
associations, as well as purely Governmental depart-
ments.
Civil engineers, architects, and id genus
omne should not lose the chance afforded them for
preserving special records of what they have seen.
They cannot expect to have the display in Hyde-park
looked at and pronounced upon carefully, according
to their view ; and they should, therefore, take that
duty carefully upon themselves. The juries in the
different classes have, no doubt, done their work well,
and their reports will be extremely valuable ; hut an
independent judgment formed by bodies that support
particular interests, and have an existence apart from
the Exhibition, is much to be desired, and there can
be no reason why they should not turn their organi-
zation to account for such a purpose. The Royal
Commission encourage them to do so by their
own conduct. They are forming a collection
of objects in a condensed form as a work
of reference hereafter when the Exhibition
shall have passed away. They have deputed
Mr. Redgrave to report upon all 'matters
tending to introduce into our manufactures a better
and purer spirit of ornamental design. They propose
addressing to the exhibitors a series of questions
tending to develop individual experiences and opinions
with reference to the Exhibition. They are endea-
vouring, in a variety of ways, to catch up and con-
dense into an appreciable form the speculative and
statistical interests of en event which may not occur
again in our generation. Such labours are of vast
importance, and may be most materially assisted both
by Government departments and by private associa-
tions. Prince Albert once characterised the Exhibi-
tion as furnishing "a new starting point" for the in-
dustry of the world. If that description is appropriate,
the more thoroughly we realize the actual position in
which we now stand the more securely can we ad-
vance towards the accomplishment of those industrial
triumphs which the future has in store for us.—
Morning Paper.

by itie Chester and Holyhead beestrz:wh ways, was,
in the month of August, 1850, only fifty, it last
month averaged one hundred and fifty—an excess
partly owing, no doubt, to the attraction of the Great
Exhibition, but showing, nevertheless, a large acces-
sion of traffic.
Tee generally healthy state of the grain and green
crops cannot but be a subject of congratulation to
those who may visit Ireland. In the spring there
were apprehensions with regard to the oat crop,
owing to the excessive rain which then prevailed; but
the crop has wonderfully recovered during the sum-
mer, and there will be. an average yield of good
quality. The wheat crop, also, will be of average
quality, and taking the whole country through, there
will be a fair crop of barley. Of the potato crop,
which has been the subject of so much altar's, no fears
need be entertained, for taking the average of the
country, there will be a f:.r greater crop than last
year. This year the disease has manifested itself with
far less virulence than in former seasons. Fortunately,
also, large quantities of potatoes were planted early,
and those are quite safe. The abatement in the first
symptoms of the disease this season was mast mani-
fest in the south and west of Ireland. Tl:e bight ap-
peared unmistakeably about the 10th or 12t1 of Au-
gust, but in a mitigated form, and it certainly has not
made so much progress as in former years. It has
not spread over the leaves and stems as in past !easons,
and the tubers are proportionately safe. In Fact, in
the south and west the tubers may be declare( gene-
rally free from danger. The disease has cetainly
appeared in a more malignant form in the ncrth of
Ireland, and the tubers appear to be injure( ; but
this remark applies more particularly to the coanties
of Down and Antrim. In Donegal the potatoes are
quite safe. Mr. Crawford, the Poor-law Commis-
sioner, recently returned from a tour in the north,
has carefully examined the state of the crops in that
part of the country, and ho pronounces them t) be
decidedly inferior to those in the south and west. As
a proof of the abatement in the symptoms of the lis-
ease' it may be stated that a gentleman in Galeav
had his field attacked by blight about three wedts
ago. There was the ordinary appearance, accon-
panied by bad smell, but after the symptoms had le-
mained a short time the leaves gradually beeline
greener, and recovered their original colour, and tlis
gentleman now declares the crop to be good, both as
regards quality and quantity. In Kerry great feats
were at first entertained, but in that county there ail
also he a fair crop. The turnip crop will also
be generally good, although it has suffered
much in the south and west. This crop
was attacked in the southern and western districts
by grub, worm, and catterpillar, and large portions of
it were cut off; but even in the localities most attacked
the crop has much recovered. In the county of Cork
the turnips were much injured, but they have rallied
wonderfully, and, owing to the large quantities of seed
sown in this particular county, a good supply may
be anticipated. To revert, for a moment, to the
potato, it is the ('pinion of those agriculturists in Ire-
land best qualified to pass an opinion, that a consi-
derable abatement is observable in the symptoms and
development of the blight. Experience also has now
taught Irish farmers that their best safeguard against
the attack of the potato disease is to plant early, and
sow an early kind of potato. Indeed, the only way
to secure a good crop is to plant early, between No-
vember and the end of February, on ground which
has been well manured. Bitter experience has shown
that if the potato is planted late it more easily falls a
prey to the disease. The ravages of the potato blight
have made the planting of new kinds of potatoes ne-
cessary. The cup, the Jumper (now quite gone off
in Galway), the banger, the pink eye, the apple, the
Jersey blues, and the black seedling, are evidently be-
coming scarce, and it is necessary to plant kem ps, "pro-
testants," forty folds, and" peelers." Not only are the
chances of a good crop augmented by planting early, but
by adopting this course employment is given to the
people at a period of the year when they otherwise
would be idle. The experiment of early planting was
at first considered dangerous, on account of the frost ;
but experience has shown that although the first
leaves may be cut ofi in the spring, the potatoes sub-
sequently recover themselves. With regard to the
potato crop, 53 a whole, it is the opinion of the best
informed persons in Ireland that there is no ground
for apprehending a failure ; but, on the contrary, that
a ter better crop than last year may be locked for.
At all events all agriculturists concur in thinking the
gloomy anticipations of failure indulged in by Mr.
I Kincaid and others at the beginning of the season
premature and unfounded. Having thus briefly
spoken of the various crops, this account would be in-
complete if reference were not made to the flax crop,
with regard to which so much interest must be felt by
all persons visiting Ireland. There can be no doubt
that the growth of flax has much increased in Ireland,
and that it is now cultivated in parts of the country
where it was before wholly unknown. It is now ad-

mitted on all hands that, if the Chevalier Claussen's
invention, about to undergo trial by Sir Robert Kane,
is found successful the flax crop will become one of
the most important in the country, both in an agri-
cultural and manufacturing point of view.

THE COLLISION ON THE GREAT

NORTHERN RAIL H'A

ADDITIONAL PARTICULARS.

The fearful collision which happened to two excur-
sion trains on this line on Monday evening was at-
tended by the most disastrous, and it is feared fatal,
consequences. The trains which met with the disaster
were crowded with hundreds of visitors to the Crystal
Palace, and, considering the great danger they were
exposed to, it may be deemed a most providential
circumstance that a frightful sacrifice of life did not
ensue.

The Hornsey station is rather prominent, and can
be seen from a considerable distance by those in
charge of an approaching up-train. On Monday
evening, between five and six o'clock, an up-train of
trucks, laden with coal, was suddenly brought to a
stand-still at the Hornsey station, in consequence of
the engine which was attached becoming disabled
from some cause or other. As soon as the moving of
the train was found to he impracticable with the
means then at command, the station-master adopted
the most prompt measures for having the usual precau-
tionary signals placed at the rear of the trucks, and
seeking the aid of a pilot-engine from town. In a short
time an up luggage train appeared in sight, and on ar-
riving near the station was duly stopped, the coal-trucks
of course obstructing its progress to London. Atten-
tion was then drawn to the safety of the up excursion
trains, their usual period of passing that portion of the
line having nearly arrived. In addition to the ordi-
nary long-distance semaphore signal, a man was sent
down the line some distance behind the luggage train
with a flag and lamp, and the next train that came
up was that filled with visitors from Hull, Grimsby,
and Boston, &c., which was safely stopped. Further
precaution was then adopted, and behind this third
train which was brought to a stand-still two men
were sent along the line, one to the extent of 1,000
yards, with orders to exhibit the stop and danger
signals ; which the men said they duly complied with.
While this was going on every effort was used to
move the coal-trucks one way or the other. Unfor-
tunately the line at present has no electric telegraph;
but at length the pilot engine arrived, and, with all
the dispatch possible under the circumstances, the
coal-train was got under weigh, followed by the
luggage train. The station being clear, the Exhibi-
tion train from Hull was signalled to come up to the
platform; but the preceding train being only so short a
distanceahead, it was necessary to detain it until they had
been some way on the road. The usual red lights were
out, and it is stated that the man who had gone back
more than 1,000 yards remained at his post. How-
ever, the Hull train had not been standing many
minutes before another filled with excursionists from
Leeds, York, &c., and driven by two engines, was
observed to be coming up bellied it at a rapid rate.
It was obvious that the long danger signals bad not
been noticed, and we may perhaps as well mention
here that neither of the trains in their ordinary
course were appointed to stop at Hornsey. The con-
sternation that prevailed on the Leeds train coming
so close in sight almost beggars description. On the
cry being raised, " A train is coming behind you,
move on, move on," an attempt was made to put the
Hull passengers in motion, but scarcely had the en-
gine taken a few strokes, before another cry was
given, a collision appearing inevitable, " Jump, jump."
Several did so, and in a few moments the front loco-
motive of the York train came in contact with the
rear of the Hull carriages. The shock is described to
have been of the most formidable character. The
last three carriages of the Hull train were second
class, and as we are informed by an eye-witness, they
were thrown about upon one another and shattered
almost to pieces. Happily their framework and
couplings held, and to this fortunate cir-
cumstance may be attributed the preser-
vation of the lives of the unfortunate occu-
pants. The excitement and confusion somewhat sub-
siding, attention was immediately directed to the in-
jured passengers. The Rev. Mr. Snell, of Fleet, near
liolheach, in Lincolnshire, who hai come up to town
to visit the Exhibition, was removed in a dreadful state
of suffering. He had sustained a concussion of the
spine, an injury which utterly prostrated the whole of
his lower extremities. With every care he was re-
moved to the nejabbouriozZgray.a9o4, An ,

the *village a

Horn.se;, and other -medical gentlemen. Mrs. Sarah
Reynolds, of Tyler-street, Hitchin, who was accom-
p.,nied by her son and daughter, also received much
injury. She pas pronounced to have a leg fractured
near the knee joint, and fractured ribs. Her son and
daughter were also injured about the face and legs.
Mr. Jackson, a medical gentleman, who had come up
from Lincolnshire, was found insensible. He had
been seriously struck on the head, and blood was
flowing from his ears. Mr. Ffolkes, a gentleman
living in Upper Southwick-street, Connaught-street,
also sustained contusions. The wounded passengers
being extricated, and the express up-train, which
was over-due, stopped, the usual information was
forwarded to the officials at the King's-cross
terminu', and Mr. Seymour Clarke, the general
manager of the Great Northern Railway Company
promptly visited the spot. Mrs. Reynolds was ad-
vised to remove to University Hospital, whither she
was conveyed. On learning the critical condition of
the Rev. Mr. Snell Mr. Clarke placed at the rev.
gentleman's disposal a special train to town, in order
to communicate with his son, whom we are informed
is also in holy orders. A messenger was accordingly
dispatched, and the son returned with the train. We
should also state that Mr. Clarke expressed his readi-
ness to send to London for any eminent surgeon he
might feel anxious to call in. His state yesterday,
while not worse, was far from favourable. He had
expressed a desire that Mrs. Snell might be sent for;
and in the course of the day a relative started by train
for her.

At the present stage of the proceedings we abstain
from making any allusion to the exact cause of the
accident. The whole facts were laid before the
directors yesterday, and the usual information was
forwarded to the Board of Trade on the subject. We
may state, however, that the driver of the train has
been suspended. _

As far as we could gather the following appears to
be a correct list of the parties injured :
The Rev. W. Snell, aged 56, of Fleet, near Hol-
beach, in Lincolnshire—Concussion of spine, and a
consequent injury to the whole of his lower extremi-
ties. Lying at the Railway Hotel, Hornsey.
Mrs. Sarah Reynolds, of Tyler-street, Hitchin,
Herts—We were informed by the medical gentlemen
who saw her at Hornsey, that she had sustained a
fractured leg and rib. Last evening, however, one of
the officers of the company acquainted us that it was
ascertained that the leg had not been fractured.
Sarah Reynolds (her daughter)—contused face.
Henry Reynolds (her son) —ankleinj ured, and con-
tused leg and arm.
Mr. Jackson, surgeon, of Lincolnshire—head in-
jured, and other wise hurt.

D.UTCFI THEATRES.—A theatrical commission,
nominated some time ago by the King of Holland, to inquire
into the state of the V eatrical art in that country, has pre-
sented a report to his Majesty, recommending that for the
future the theatres shall not be considered private commer-
cial speculations; that t,) each one a competent director,
with a fixed salary, shall be appointed; that care shall be
taken in the choice of pieces; that authors shall be encou-
raged; that performers shall be fairly rewarded; that losses
shall be borne by the state ; that the prices of admission shall
be such as to suit every purse; and so on. The King, who
takes peculiar interest in theatrical matters, is, it is said, dis-
posed to agree to all this.—Literary Gazette.

•
Mr. Pfolkes, gentleman, of 9, Upper Southwick-
Szeet, Connaught street, liyde-park--contused face.
James Blow, stonemason, of 14 isbeach—cap of knee
inured.

THE CENSUS IN IRELAND.—A corrected Palle-
m.ntary paper of the census in Ireland has been printed.
The decrease is 2.► per cent. between 1841 and' 1851. In 1841
the total number of persons was 8,175,124, and on the 31st
of March last 6,515,794, being a decrease of 1,659,330, or 20
per cent.

s'rom representations made to us, there were many
otlnrs who suffered seriously in the train.

FAT'AL BO AT ACCIDENT ON THE TINE.

Os Monday an inquest was held at llowdon, before
Mr. Stephen Reed, upon four of the bodies of the un-
fortunate sufferers by the boat accident, the particulars
of whch appeared in our columns of Wednesday
:'nom
the evidence it appears that there were
nineteen persons in the sculler-boat, and that in con-
sequence of its being thus overcross ded, and the tide
running itrong at the time, it was unmanageable, and
was drifted athwart the stern of a vessel which was
lying at a short distance from the steam-boat, upon
which the passengers were to have been landed. The
boat sank immediately after it struck, and six persons
were drownsd, only four of whose bodies have yet
been recovered. William Wright, a boat-builder,
d epised that he had measured the boat and found
it to be 15i feet long and G feet broad. It was
capable of holding only fourteen persons with
safety; and, with eighteen or nineteen persons, there
could not be sufficient room to manage the oars. The
coroner, in addressing the jury, observed, that though
there was a great number of passengers on board,
there was no evidence to show that the boatman, John
Paige, solicited them to go into the boat, or that any
of them expressed any apprehension of danger. It
wits true that a person- who took passengers into his
boat should exercise some discretion, as he was an-
swerable for their safety, and if this boatman con-
sidered there were too many for safety, he certainly
was very blameable in taking them. Tbere was no
regulation upon the Tyne as to the number of persons
a boat should carry, as there was upon the Thames,
but if they thought this man had not exercised a sound,
and proper discretion it would be a very serious thing
for hien. If, however, he had not been remonstrated
with, and thought there was safety in taking so many
passengers, it was one of those unfortunate accidents
which there is no accounting for. The jury, after
five minutes' consideration, returned a verdict of ac-