The Sun.
London, England, 1851-07-24 00:00:00

ebientutt "Alttt

LONDON, THURSDAY, JULY 24, 1851

The House of Commons held a morning sitting yes.
terday.
Mr. G. F. YOUNG took the oaths and his seat.

The Administration of Criminal Justice Improvement
Bill and the Valuation (Ireland) Bill were respectively
passed through Committee.

Oar comical friends, the self-elected Apostles of Ar-
bitration, are at it again. They really appear to be
incorrigible—incorrigible we mean not only in their
pertinacity, but in a stupidity that surpassess all com-
prehension. Exeter-hall—the Hall of Humbugs—
has been selected for their present demonstration.
From its platform the orators of the Congress are
crying "Peace, peace, when there is no peace.'
Added to this they are declaiming with all
the force of their lungs and their rhetoric
against the horrors of war. As if any one
had been eulogizing it ! Why upon this subject
the whole world is more or less agreed already. It
needs no persuasion of the delegates to convince the
mind of any individual that war is reprehensible, or
that peace is a thing to be desiderated. Each of these
great truths has time out of mind been recognised and
appreciated universally. Consequently the world could
very well dispense with all this exceedingly virtuous
rhodomontade. But, no—the Peace Association is
to effect more than has been accomplished even
by Christianity, its principal members are to be
recognised by mankind as the precursors of
the millennium. Tuna'. CAIN is to be eclipsed by
each of them as an ingenious fabricator, for it is by
their hands (if we would but credit them) that
swords are to be beaten into ploughshares, and spears
twisted into reaping hooks. VAN AMBUEGH had
better look to his laurels betimes, for the lion is at
length to lie down with the lamb at the bidding of
these sticklers for arbitration. Against their pre-
posterous pretensions we cannot enter our protest too
emphatically. There is to us in the whole scheme a
self-sufficiency so enormous, an assumption of
moral superiority so contemptible, and, as it
appears to us, an absolute impiety so gross
and reprehensible, that we must enter our objections
to their proceedings whensoever and wheresoever the
society in question may please to indulge themselves
with a new demonstration. What we insist upon is
simply this, that society did not wait to be informed
of the curse of war, or of the blessing of peace, by
these intensely Pecksniffian philanthropists. Why,
peace is the boon which every noble-minded and pa-
triotic administrator has striven to secure to his
age and to his country from periods of the remotest
antiquity down to the middle of this nineteenth century.
War, no less, has been the evil which every truly great
statesman has endeavoured to avoid by all the con-
trivances of statecraft, and by all the adroitness of
diplomacy. Besides which, the more prominent in-
dividuals selected to go about from one capital of
Europe to another preaching the advantages of in-
ternational tranquillity, are about the last persons who
should ever have presumed to proffer advice upon the
matter to their contemporaries.
Observe the features of the most conspicuous dele-
gates now clustered together upon the Exeter Hall
platform. There is Sir D. BREWSTER as President—a
very gifted man, no doubt, an excellent chemist,
an admirable mechanic, in short, an intelligent in-
quirer into almost all of the physical sciences—but, at
the same time, an intense lover of, and a notorious
participator in, those stormy controversies which not
unfrequently cast discredit upon the students of
philosophy. There is Mr. Honsman, however,—
surely, some will insist, he may pass muster in the
assemblage of the Peace Association. Well, Mr.
HORSMAN is a capital scrutineer of the bench of
bishops, that's true, but as for his advocating pacific
principles in the guidance of public life, we really
cannot see for the life of us that he has
earned a right to enter upon any such course of pro-
ceeding by virtue of any sweetness of temperament
he has ever indicated. Then there's Mr. COBDEN,
renowned as the champion of Free Trade, and as the
most redoubtable of all the antagonists of Protection

—but almost equally notorious as being continually
Involved in political squabbles of some kind or another
—squabbles carried on each of them through the means
of a very peppery correspondence, spiced to a remark-
able degree with the most stinging personalities.
Turning from our countrymen, we perceive the
countenance of no less remarkable a per-
sonage than M. DE CORMENIN, better known
by his pamphleteering sobriquet of TIMoN. Admir-
ing as we do the singular and brilliant eloquence of
1. DE CORMENIN, we, nevertheless, cannot look upon
him as very well qualified to advocate the doctrines
upheld by the Peace Association, seeing that, during
the last quarter of a century, it appears to have been
his office to asperse everybody and anybody, who
happened to come within the range of his
vituperations. Then latest, and most glaring
anomaly of all, there is recognisable on the
Exeter Hall platform the countenance of M.
EMILE DE GIRARDIN, the oddest certainly among
all these eccentric advocates of peace—EMlLE DE
GIRARDIN, the most bellicose journalist of France—
EMILE DE GIRARDIN, who is perpetually stimulating
the evil passions of his countrymen through tho co-
lumns of his newspaper La Presse—EMlLE DE
GIRARDIN, the noisiest among the Boanerges of re-
bellion, the promoter of every factious agitation in
Paris, the deserter from every cause that gives pro-
mise to secure his country's tranquillity, the sup-
porter of every public man whose triumph
seems to necessitate either external war or
internal revolution ! Such are the motley de-
legates grouped together upon the platform
of the association, and arrogating to themselves the
right to disseminate the doctrines of peace and amity
among the nations of Christendom.

Fantastic projects of one species or another have
been indulged in by nearly every successive genera-
tion. People have chased now a jack o' lantern like
the South Sea Bubble—now a mirage like the
Mississippi scheme—now a fata morgana like El
Dorado or Cibolo ; they have gone mad fur a while
in their dreams of the golden rivers of Ci-
pango, and the purple islands of Cathay,
and the fabulous empire of that I'll.ll3'l'BU Jour;
who was surrounded, in legendary belief, with a
magnificence like the pomp of HAROUN-AL.RASCHID.
Yet, extravagant as these delusions have been, they
have been altogether surpassed in exaggeration and ab-
surdity by this foolish child-vision of governing the
world all at once by arbitration, and of talking the
people into peace, so that they should suddenly send
their armies to the right about, and blow off the re-
sidue of their gunpowder in honour of the fes-
tivities inaugurative of the millennium. Frivolous
though
these meetings of the Peace Congress may
appear, nevertheless, it would ba a mistake to regard
them as altogether harmless, seeing that they are cal-
culated to bring what they are intended to serve into
discredit. Therefore it is that we avail ourselves of
every reasonable opportunity to protest against the
proceedings of these self-satisfied apostles of tran-
quillity, dreading as
we do the ridicule which may
attach
in consequence of those proceedings to a
cause
so eminently entitled to vaneration.

The London and South-Western Railway Company
appear to have a reasonable ground of complaint
against the Emigration Commissioners, for a course
of proceeding, on the part of the latter body, which
may be gathered from the following brief statement
of circumstances :—ln the early part of the present
year the Commissioners, desirous to effect a saving
upon the prices hitherto paid for the emigration de-
pot service, advertised for tenders for the board and
lodging
of emigrants in suitable depos at London
and Plymouth, or at London and Southampton. The
;youth-Western Railway sent in their tenders, pro-
posing to place at the disposal of the Commissioners,
rent free, a large and commodions building at Nine
Elms for the London depot, and another on the Dock
quay at Southampton, fur the depot at that port,
which on being opened were found to be considerably
lower than those put in, both by a party at Deptford
and by another at Plymouth. These two tenders on

the part of the rai: way were sent in together, the one,
framed on the assumptien that Ply mouth was to be
abandoned as a depot, as suggested by the Commis-
sioners themselves ; the other, that it was to be re-
tained, but that Southampton was to be the port of
embarkation for the emigrants collected in London,
and housed at Nine Elms. The Commissioners, how
ever, subsequently determined on retaining Plymouth
as a port of call. As regards, then, the second tender,
that of the railway company proved to be the lower
by 30 per cent., the Commissioners, nevertheless, de-
clined it in favour of the higher, and manifestly the
less eligible of the two : this, moreover, in the very
teeth of the report of Lieutenant LEAN, R.N., the
chief officer of emigration at the port of London, who,
on the eligibility of the offered depot at Nine
Elms being referred to him by them, pronounced in
favour of its superiority to all other suggested de-
pOts, as well as of the contingent advantages afforded
to the public service and the comfort of the emi-
grants in the facility provided thereby (by means of
the South-Western Railway) for embarking all emi-
grants at Southampton instead of in the Thames.
The tenor of this report was what might naturally be
expected from a naval officer of judgment, to whonithe
casualties to life and shipping, and the indefinite and
serious delay which so commonly occurs to ships in the
Downs and in making the North Foreland, likely to at-
tend on:the Thames embarkation, were apparent. No
wonder then that the South-Western directors labour
under a difficulty of understanding why much the
lowest tender, made by parties of perfect responsibi-
lity, and much the best depOt, were rejected in favour
of a greatly inferior depUt at Deptford, consisting of
an old dwelling-house, so old, it is said, as to have been
once inhabited by Peter the Great, and not placed
either on a railway or on the river. The Commis-
sioners indeed maintain, in their report to Earl GREY,
dated the 18th March last, that embarkation at
Southampton would cost more than that on the
Thames by 2s. sd. per head, or a total in the year on
6,000 emigrants of 725/. ; and further, that
ships engaged to take emigrants from the for-
mer port, and calling at Plymouth, would make
a higher charge for passage money than if
engaged to take them up in London, and also call at
Plymouth. On the latter point their assertion is
directly at variance with the recorded opinion of
Lieut. LEAN, their own officer, besides its being ob-
vious that a greater charge would not be made where
the amount of provisions, which must necessarily be
consumed during the passage from London to South-
ampton, would be saved, than if they were consumed
on the longer route. As to the previous calculation,
are we to allow nothing for the saving to the
ship in provisions and water during the
number of days, often amounting to ten or
twelve, occupied in getting out of the Thames
and reaching Southampton? Taking the low average
of five days, the correct result of the calculation of
the Commissioners is (in lieu of what they contend
for) a saving of 4751. upon the whole 6,000 emigrants,
or of ls. 7d. per head, by adopting Southampton for
embarkation in preference to the Thames. Thus, on
the comparative economy of the two schemes there can
be no reasonable doubt, and as little as regards the
comfort of those embarking from a railway carriage at
the wharf side at Southampton, instead of in the
stream of the Thames, or the needless wearisome-
ness
of achieving the circumnavigation of the coasts
of Kent, Sussex, and Hants. But the still more
important element of safety remains to be considered.
Tire returns at LLOYD'S show that during seven
years, between 1837 and 1843, the following fearful
loss of life and property took place on the sea voyage
between the Thames and the Isle of Wight :-56
vessels were totally lost, with all or several of their
living cargo ; 260 were wrecked or foundered, the
lives being saved, but property lost; and 1,057 re-
ceived severe damage, by running on the shoals or
otherwise. Since then, the loss of the Royal Ade-
laide, with all on board-250 souls—will occur to
our readers, as well as that of the Amphitrite, who
was driven from her anchorage in the Downs, and
all hands lost, including upwards of 100 female
convicts ; of two Indiamen, the Conqueror
and the Reliance, with almost a total loss
of life ; of the Burhampoota, freighted with
emigrants, who lost all except their lives ; and of the
Sarah Bridges, in tow of a steamer, who broke
adrift, and neither vessel or crew were ever seen
afterwards. Of such a lamentable nature are the
casualties risked by wantonly encountering this un-
necessary navigation, whereas the perils of the Good-
win Sands and the east end of the Channel would be
altogether avoided by constituting Southampton the
starting point for those who transfer their household
gods to the distant shores of Australasia.
It results, then, that the Commissioners have
acted in this instance in contravention of the fitting
considerations of safety, convenience, and economy ;
that they have erred both on the score of
humanity and of finance. The directors of the Lon-
don and South-Western Railway Company have, in
our opinion, a substantial claim on the support of all
who are interested in Australian emigration, and in
a fair and judicious treatment of public tenders,
in applying to the Legislature to insist on the ques-
tion of del:l(Ra and the best ports of embarkation for
emigrants collected in London being re-opened for
public tender, at the earliest date consistent with the
present engagements of the Commissioners, and that
in the meantime the Commissioners take no step to
prejudice the full and fair reconsideration of the
question next year. The subject is one in every re-
spect eminently deserving the consideration of all
who feel interested in the well-being of those among
our fellow-countrymen who are impelled to transfer
their all to that distant hemisphere, which offers to
British enterprise a genial climate and a virgin soil.

Mr. C. Villiers paired with Mr. Hudson in favour
of Mr. Bethell's amendment on Tuesday night.
THE HIPPODROME AT KENSINGTON.-TESTIMONIAL
OF RESPECT.—On Wednesday evening the members of the
corps dramatique and equestrians attached to Astley's Am-
phitheatre, and the Hippodrome at Kensington, with a num-
ber of private gentlemen, assembled at Mr. Macintosh's
Tavern, Westminster-bridge, for the purpose of presenting
Mr. Richard Ballard, of Norwich, a gentleman of fortune,
and who is associated with Mr. Batty in his new, extensive,
and successful speculation the Hippodrome at Kensington,
with a massive gold snuff-box, of exquisite handicraft,
manufactured by Mr. Church, the jeweller of the Westminster
road, as a slight token of their regard and esteem. Mr. T.
Barry was unanimously called on to preside, who, on taking the
chair, briefly opened the business of the evening by making
a few preliminary remarks explanatory of the nature of the
meeting. The testimonial, which bore the following in-
scription, was then presented in due form—" Presented to
Richard Bullard, Esq., by the proprietor and gentlemen of
Astley's Royal Amphitheatre, as a mark of their regard, and
of the estimation in which they hold him for his urbanity
of manner and gentlemanly conduct towards them." A
tirst-rate supper was then served (Mr. Barry acting as pre-
sident, and Mr. Stephen smith croupier), to which ample
justice was done ; likewise the wines, which were of the best
vintages. The healths of Mr. Batty, Mr. Bullard, the chair-
man, vice-president, &c., having been drunk with the
greatest enthusia-m, several speeches followed from the im-
mortal Widdicombe, and his merry colleagues of the circle,
Mr. Batty, Mr. Vickress, Mr. Macintosh, and other gentle-
men, and it was at a late, or rather an early hour on the
following morning, that the company separated, harmony
and conviviality reigning throughout the proceedings.
ROBBERY AT THE GREAT EXHIBITION.—Yester-
day information was circulated throughout the Metropolitan
and City Police Stations that a case in the Exhibition had
been plundered of a silver medal of the Royal Dublin So-
ciety, 1844; a gold medal of the Dublin Society, 1851, with
the name of Bradford on both ; and some razors, marked
" Bradford, Clonmel, cutler to H. R. H. Prince Albert." A
second case was plundered of a silver medal of the same
society.
THE GREAT EXHIBITION.—The compensation dis-
pute long subsisting between the Society of Arts and the
Messrs. James and George Munday, who had entered into an
agreement to erect an edifice suitable for the " Great Exhi-
bition of 1851," but which agreement was afterwards can-
celled upon promise of adequate remuneration for outlay,
risk, liability, anxiety, trouble, and loss, has at length been
settled by Mr. Stephenson, appointed sole umpire in the
matter, who has awarded the said Messrs. Munday the sum
of 5,1201.

SUDDEN DEATH.--Yesterday (Wednesday) morn
ing, between three and four o'clock, Peter Miller, who re-
sided at 35, Russell-street, Liverpool. was found dead in the
area of 101, London-road, in that town, by a sergeant of
police. He had been seen in apparently good health but a
short time previously. The body presented no external
marks of violence. An inquest and post mortem examination
will take place to. day.
- - -

SUDDEN DEATH.—Yesterday afternoon a man of
respectable appearance was found sitting in a doorway in
Bishopsgate-street Without, quite dead. He had been ob-
served but a few minutes previously resting himself. The
body was taken to the East London Union ; it is that of a
man about forty-five, dressed in dark coat and trousers, and
light vest. Had a quantity of wearing apparel with him,
i.nd some silver spoons in his pocket.
BITERS BIT.--Mr.' W. France, of Collingwood-
street, Liverpool, has left at our office a large oyster, by means
of which two mice were caught in a must remarkable man-
ner. It appears that the oyster was, a few evenings since, left
upon a table, and during the night must, as his species are
wont to do, have opened his jaws. Two mice, probably
attracted by the prospect of a dainty meal, unsusp4ctingly
entered the Oyster's habitation, when their adversary chose
to close his shell, and the unlucky intruders paid for their
impertinence by the forfeit of their heads, being completely
crushed to pieces.—Liverpool Mercury.

THE FR.ENCH .REPUBLK.

We have received tilt.. Paris journals of yesterday.
The Patrie says—" All the Ministers gave in their
resignations last night, but the PRESIEENT of the Re-
public refused to accept them." To which the
Moniteur du Soir adds :—" We are assured that the
Prince adjured his Ministers to unite their efforts to
his own, in order to continue to ensure to the country
the order, calm, and security of which France has
more than ever need to sustain the trials which
await her."
Is the use of the word "Prince" i❑ the above ex-
tract, from the Moniteur, intentional ? Consti-
tutionally it is the PRESIDENT, not the Prince, who
has Ministers to adjure.
There was a meeting of the Ministers held again
on Tuesday morning, at which M. LEON FAUCHER
strongly urged upon his colleagues the necessity of
resigning office, and they again tendered their resig-
nations; but, at the reiterated request of the PRESI-
DENT, they agreed to remain.
The vote of censure was aimed quite as much at
the PRESIDENT himself as at his Ministers, and many
of those reactionaries who voted for it declared to
M. LEON FAUCHER that their votes were not directed

against the Minister of the Interior personally, but
that their object was to show that they would not
allow an unconstitutional candidate to be elected as

President.

The National has the following on the relative po-
sitions of the PRESIDENT, the Ministers, and the As-
sembly :
" The Ministry remains. We bad foreseen and
wished it, and we thank M. L. Bonaparte. It is well
that the Assembly should know how its vote has been
received at the Elysi:e. The Ministry, accused and
convicted of having, in opposition to its duty, exercised
its influence to excite petitioning, it is not M. Leon Fau-
cher alone, it is not even his colleagues. The Govern-
ment considers itself responsible for the abuse of influ-
ence with which the Minister of the Interior is re-
proached, and accepts the censure that has been be-
stowed on him. Nothing is more just. After
the Message of the 31st October, after, the speech
at Dijon, nobody has a right to suppose that
the Ministers had an action independent of that
of the President of the Executive Power. The
responsibility of their faults, as well as the merit of
their good services, reaches the person who appoints
and dismisses them at will. The old constitutional
theory is no longer applied. The President is praise-
worthy or otherwise according to what he does and
what is done by his Ministers. It is not for us to deny
this. Thus the Assembly must resign itself to support
a Ministry which it has twice condemned. After the
vote of the 18th of January it saw Ministers declared
unworthy of its confidence, return to their seats as if to
defy it. At present the insult of the comedy of re-
signations which in definitive would end by the return
of M. H. Faucher, M. Baroche, and M. Rouher, is
spared it. The Assembly will show itself grateful for
this good proceeding. It is now warned that its most
formal and most decided votes will not succeed in
shaking the Cabinet. As long as they shall possess the
confidence of M. Bonaparte, the Ministers will retain
their portfolios. It will be vain for the majority to
take the most severe measures against them, to ex-
press the clearest blame—there will be no ministerial
crisis. The Assembly may complain as much as it
pleases, but the Elyi.6 laughs at its wrath. It has been
too well shown to the Executive Government that in
spite of the Constitution its power is equal—what do we
say ?—superior to that of the legislative power—so that
it has no need henceforth to take into account the move-
ments of independence of the majority. It is tied down
besides by its voluntary complicity in all the reactionary
laws proposed by M. Louis Bonaparte during the last
two years. Let it be punished where it has sinned. If
it had been more severe formerly, it would be more
respected now; and we should not witness the incredible
spectacle of a Ministry condemned for having felled
in its duties, and coming the day after to brave its
judges from the very place on which it sat on the
eve as an accused party. Tho result will in-
form us which of the two powers is to gain by the
extraordinary situation which the maintenance of the
Cabinet will produce. It would depend on the majority,
if its courage endured longer than a day, and was not
fatally succeeded by the most deplorable weakness, to
draw from it a great profit for its consideration and its
authority in the country. It would be merely sufficient
for it to be consistent with its vote of Ilionday by perse•
vering in its distrust. Will it dare to do so? We
doubt it, and, to say the truth, we care but little. All
that passes in the upper regions of the Government leaves
us quite indifferent. To choose between M. 0. Barrot,
the probable successor of M. Faucher, and that great
Minister himself, we prefer the seeond. We owe to him
to have ruined in the mind of every honest man the pre-
tended revisionist movement. He must complete his
task, and aid us in finishing as promptly as possible
with the chance of an unconstitutional re-election. He
will not fail in doing so—of that we may be certain.
Let him rest therefore."

The whole of the Orleanists and upwards of 70
Legitimatists voted in favour of the Tote of censure
proposed by M. BAZE.
We some time since announced that the French
Government had invited the maritime states to send
delegates to a sanitary congress, to be held in Paris,
for the purpose of considering the subject of quaran-
tine. Those who have adhered to this proposition are
France, England, Austria, Russia, Spain, Portugal,
Sardinia, Tuscany, Rome, the Two Sicilies Turkey,
and Greece, and the majority of the delegates have ar-
rived in Paris. Each nation will have two delegates,
a consul, and a physician. France has named M.
DAVID, ex-consul-general at Genoa, and now French
minister there, and Dr. MELIER, member of the Aca-
demy of Medicine ; England is represented by M.
PERRIER, consul-general at Brest, and Dr. SUTHER-
LAND, one of the members of the Board of Health
of London ; Austria by M. LAVISON, consul-
general at Marseilles, and Dr. Alms, Aulic
councillor Spain by M. SEGOVIA ; Portugal
by M. MOUSINHO DE SILVEIRA, first secretary of
legation at Paris ; Sardinia, by NI. MAGNETTI, con-
sul-general at Lyons, and Professor 80, director of
the lazarettos at Genoa ; Tuscany by M. CEccoNI,
and Dr. BETTI; Russia by M. EBELING, consul-
general at Paris, and Dr. ROSEMBERG ; dreece by
M. VITALIS, consul at Malta, and Dr. CosTE, phy-
sician to King OTBo, and director of the sanitary
affairs at Athens. The representative of the Holy
See, the Two Sicilies, and Turkey are not yet ap-
pointed. Three secretaries are attached to the con-
ference, two for the diplomatic and consular element,
M. ERNEST BAROUCH, Jun., and JULES DAVID, and
one for the medical part, Dr. DESORMEAUX.
There was very little business transacted at the
Bourse. The Five per Cents. opened at 94t. 95c., and
closed at the same price for the end of the month; the
Three per Cents, cloned at 56f. 85c.; Orleans Railroad
Shares, 855 f.; Rouyn, 643 f. 75c.; Havre, 241 f. 25c,;
Great :Northern, 466 f. Avignon, 2051.; Vierzoz,
437 f. 50c.; Basle, 153 f. 75c.; Bordeaux, 395€.; Paris and
Strasburg, 361 f. 250.; Tours and Nantes, 272 f. 50c. ;
Amiens to Boulogne, 271 f. 25c.

EFOREIGN RAILWAYS TBE
LONDONNSS :
) NIN
ESTOCK EXCHANGE, JULY 23.
Boulogne and Amiens, 10:—Northern of France, :14%
ex in.—Orleans and Bordeaux, 45/4 ex in.—Paris and Rouen,
25 I/a —Paris and Strasbourg, 11%.