The Sun.
London, England, 1851-12-12 00:00:00

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris journals of yesterday.
The Pays, the organ of M. LAMARTINE, has the
following remarkable article on the occurrences in the
departments :
The news from the departments cause in Paris a
unanimous impression of grief and indignation. The
jacquerie has raised its head, and bands of assassins are
scouring the country, attacking towns, pillaging, burn•
ing, and killing everywhere on their passage. It is not
the days of fanaticism, but of barbarism and cannibalism
that we witness. Such men are on a level with brute
beasts. These frightful crimes are not merely a subject
of grief and horror for every honest man, they are also a
subject of serious reflection. Why endeavour to shut
our eyes to the fact? 1852 concealed an abyss, and
the events which have taken place allow a glimpse to be
had of that abyss which could swallow up everything,
Republic, family, country, society. It was not
civil war which menaced us: civil war is always,
no doubt, a dreadful visitation, but if it causes hu-
manity to weep, it does not make it blush. There
can be honour in dying for an idea; and if they
who so perish are factious men in the eye of the
law which condemns them, they are also sometimes
heroes in the opinion of posterity which absolves end
glorifies them. But men acting as we read of at pre-
sent in the departments are nothing but assassins. God
forbid that we should confound the people of France with
these bands of reprobates. In them the people have no
part; what we see is only the impure scum of society.
The hard-worlting people, who hope by their labour to
arrive at property, have nothing to say to these at-
tempts; they execrate them, they despise them, and, if
necessary, would rise up to strangle them in the it re-
sistible clasp of their patrioti,m and devotedness. In a
word, the people do not menace society, they protect it.
But if the real hard-working people are ready to op-
pose such acts, it is unfortunately true that by their
side is a faction, indefatigable and implacable, for
whom the Republic is only a false mask under which
are concealed all kinds of immoralities, cupidities,
passions, and hatred. That faction is known to all—
it is known by the name cf demagogy. Do you
know what has compromised the democracy ? The de-
magogy. The Republic has had a great misfortune—
that in place of belonging to itself, and showing itself to
the country in the truth and hcnesty of its principles,
it had delivered itself up to deplorable aberrations, and
slipped away from the hands of the men who had kept
it pure and moderate, into those of men who have exag-
gerated and disfigured it. In the eyes of a part of the
country the Republic became socialism, and it is that
circumstance which precipitated us into inevitable crisis.
Ia the midst of the turbulent and demagogical faction
which desired to seize on everything, there arose natu-
rally the absolute and inflexible reaction which would
not yield anything. The result was that the Constitu-
tion became nothing but a word, and the Government an
absolute impossibility. Brutal socialism, a paltry mino-
rity in the country, but audacious and capable of having
recourse to every means, was ready to dare every-
thing, and the narrow pass of 1852 might lead us
to its temporary triumph i n blood, and on the ruins
of France and of civilization. There was a peaceful issue
to that situation, so pregnant with tempest, namely, the
revision of the Constitution and the re-establishment of
universal suffrage. France desired to issue from her po-
sition through the door, but the parties double-locked
door. When it was found impossible to open it, force
Ism used, and it was burst open. The President appealed
to the sovereignty of the people, and he had succeeded.
We do not hesitate to say that what is passing in the de-
partments does not allow any one to pay attention to his
private grievances. What we could not comprehend, is
that any one should hesitate for a moment when the
public safety is menaced. Let the social war, now
commenced, find the whole of the eountry, which is well
disposed, ready to combat it. Republicans, Legitimist*,
Bonapartists, and Orleanists, aro all concerned in putting
down such devastations. Lot us then defend the coun-
try from demagogy, appealing to right and justice, those
eternal gods of a Democracy which will not allow itself
to be stigmatised, and of a people which will not consent
to perish."
The PRESIDENT of the Republic again visited the
wounded in the hospitals on Wednesday.
The statement that attempts had been made by the
Government to intimidate the correspondents of the
London journals is contradicted.
A decree of the PRESIDENT of the Republic, dated
the 9th, refers the investigation of all the facts con-
nected with the recent insurrection in the first mili-
tary division, and the trial of the persons concerned
in them, to the military jurisdiction. It also enacts
that four military commissions, each of three mem-
bers, under the direction of General BERTRAND,
shall make the investigations, and decide about per-
sons who shall be tried by court-martial or set at
liberty.
The ilierniteur states that in the combats of the
last week the army had 25 men killed, one being an
officer ; and 184 wounded, 17 being officers.
The Minister of the Interior has addressed the fol-
lowing report to the PRESIDENT of the Republic :
" Paris, Dec. 10.

•' Monsieur le ProSsident—The departments of the
Gers, the Var, the Lot, and the Lot of Garonne are
disturbed by insurrections. In several places the in-
surgents have attacked the public force, and engaged
in sanguinary collisions. They have made themselves
masters of towns and communes, which have since
been taken from them, thanks to the energy of the
authorities and the troops. But these attempts at civil
war have given rise to attacks on property and per-
sons, and it is urgent to apply a remedy to a
situation which is so much to be regretted, and which
greatly alarms good citizens. We must restrain by the
display of military force the factious, who do not fear to
P thear
At n 'V
decree
carry mourning and terror into the midst of peaceable
populations. I have the honour to submit to your sanc-
tion a decree, the object of which is to place the (lo-
ner:, sr
ienoe faotfhte iiLe stateopiti,Rf tEhssieie:L,
Ee, o. t et
Receive,
those departments General
departments in a state `o‘fAsieLlig:.MOßNY,
sT , Ministerd a t
dated
do
yesterday,
thee ste
rl(ni
at
ye r, i o r .
places
Di-
vision has published a notice, to inform all officers en
ed for the m
in e c m m api nl
ol dat c
oeoenfmt
Vendome,
letb
alll
aoi Military taanridyl l
alf)tl
ei -r
svoted accporedei
wcohnoge haveor u
notne m
yetpl o
according
teontth, 0 now
directioni n l) a ris,
tieler 2, that they will
is-
sued for the plebiscite of
office
caedmofitttheed tsotavffo,teinbythbea
eras'ohnes must will
also
14th inst., at the
eleven o'clock in the forenoon.p
be open the day after. All
person.
The following circular has been addressed to the
Prefects by the Minister of the Interior :
" Paris, December io.
" Monsieur le l'Ofet,—You have just passed through

some days of trial—you have supported in 1851 the so-
cial war which was to have broken out in 1852. You
must have seen that by the conflagration, the brigandage,
and assassinations which have characterised it. If you
have triumphed over the enemies of society, it is because
they have been taken unprepared, and that you have
been seconded by honest people. Be kind enough to
address to me a detailed report on facts, and on the con-
duct of persons. If in this supreme conflict, which is to
decide on the fate of France, some functionaries have
displayed weakness, send me the names, and they shall
be immediately dismissed. Point out to me, on the other
hand, those who have fulfilled their duty with courage,
in order that I may call down on them the gratitude of
France, and name them for the kindness of the President
of the Republic."
The Minister of War has addressed the following
dispatch to the various Generals in command of
corps:--

" Dec.
_9, nine P. M.

"All armed insurrection has ceased in Paris by a
vigorous repression, and the same energy will have the
same effects everywhere. Bands, bringing with them
pillage, rape, and incendiarism, are placing themselves
out of the pale of the law. With such persons, there can
be no parley, or summation; they are to be attacked
and dispersed. Every man that resists ought to be at
once shot, in the name of society defending itself legiti•
ma tely."
M. MADIER DB MONTJAU, senior, was set at
liberty on Tuesday.
The Siecle states that M. DAVID (d'Angers) has
been arrested. _

The number of votes given by the army, in pur-
suance of the plebiscite of December 2, and known up
to this time, has (says the Patrie) been 65,289. Of
these, 61,456 have been for the PRESIDENT, and 3,749
against him.
A variety of rumours," says the Pattie, " were
in circulation to•day at the Bourse, of modifications
and remodellings of taxes. These are mere ma-
nceuvres of speculators, and we are able to affirm that
there is nothing true in what has been thus said."
Two days back were posted up at the Mairie of
the Ist arrondissement the preliminary publications
of the marriage of M. PONTERRiktr, aide-de-camp
of the general-in-chief of the army of Paris, to
Mlle. PIERRETTE MAGNAN, daughter of the latter
officer.

The funeral of Marshal SOULT, Duke de Dalmatie,
took place at St. Amand-la-Bastide, on the 6th. An
immense concourse of people assembled on the occa-
sion from the departments of the Herault, Tarn, and
Lot. The Archbishop of ALBY and the Bishop of
CAUORS officiated, and were assisted by a large body
of the clergy, occupying thel,whole of the choir and
part of the nave of the small church where the last
service was performed. The authorities of the Tarn
and of the neighbouring departments were prevented
from attending, in consequence of the disturbed state
of the country. They sent formal excuses to the
Duchess for their absence. Everything passed over
with great pomp and in perfect order.
The Constitutiannel gives the following intelligence

from the Basses Alpes
All the department of the Basses Alpes is in the
power of the Socialists. The mails are stopped and the
couriers secured. The dispatches are opened, and all
those addressed to public functionaries confiscated.
More than four thousand insurgents have invested the
Chef leu Digna. About three thousand men from the
rural communes are at Sisterton, endeavouring to take
possession of the citadel, which is only guarded by
eighty men. The municipal authorities have been com-
pelled to resign their functions, and a Socialist commission
is sitting at the Hotel de Ville. The Sub-Prefect and all
the authorities have entered the citadel. The insurgents
are all armed. The town has all the appearance of a
place taken by assault. The Government has re-
ceived intelligence of what has taken place, and is
adopting energetic measures for the repression of the in-
surrection."
The inspector of the Var writes from Toulon, the
Bth of December, that the mail from Draguignan
brings news that 2,000 insurgents who were march-
ing on that town retreated in the direction of Brig-
nolles and Barjols, making some hundred bourgeoisie
and public functionaries march at their head with
chains round their necks.
The Director of the Post-office at Luo was amongst

the prisoners.
In the dispatch from Luc of Dec. 7 for Paris is en-
closed a regular sheet of advice signed by the provi-
sional director named by the sovereign people,
BOUCHER.
For some days past the diligence from Draguignau
to Marseilles, which carries the mail, has brought a
way-bill signed by the revolutionary directors of
Vidauban, Cuers, &c.
We take from Galignani the following further par-
ticulars of the disturbances in the provinces :
" M. Carlier, commissary extraordinary in the do-
partments of the Cher, the Allier, and the Nievre,
arrived, in the night of the Bth, before Clameoy, which
was already blockaded by a body of troops. The pre-
sence of M. Cartier, who was accompanied by General
Pellion and M. Corbin, Prccureur-General of the Court
of Appeal of Bourges, was hailed with enthusiasm.
Considerable reinforcements of troops followed these

authorities, and everything was arranged for retaking
the town, which had been given up to the power and

violence of the insurgents. Tho troops, while regret-
ting the terrible mission which they had to fulfil, showed
themselves full of ardour, and it was easy to see that

nothing could resist their energy; but before daylight
emissaries who had left the town announced that the
insurgents had taken advantage of the night and fled in
all directions. At six o'clock in the morning the autho-
rities, who had arrived during the night, again took
possession of the town, without firing a Shot. An hour
afterwards the following proclamation, printed at Cla-
mecy, was posted about the town :
" ' Inhabitants of Clamecy—Bandits, factious men, and
assassins threw the town of Clamecy into mourning on
the sth, 6th, and 7th inst. Honourable citizens, old men,
children, and intrepid gendarmes, valiantly defending the
laws and society, have been massacred. Dwellings have
been devastated. The most honourable blood cries for
vengeance—the punishment will be severe. Let good
citizens be tranquillised, and unite in the name of
threatened family ties. M. Legeay, the Mayor of Cla-
mecy, who has forgotten all his duties in flying like a
coward under a disguise from his ,post, his family, and
his fellow-citizens, is dismissed from his functions. M.
ea' is appointed Mayor of Cla
mre forbidden. They will he
immediately am
llassemblages
adnisopfercsoeudrabgy an armed force. All the cafés
l t
eu
ch
.• A y
and wine-shops in the canton of Clamecy, and in the
communes of Corvol l'Orgueilleux, Entrains, and La
will always find me such as
auYrrectional movements of 1835
Chapelle St. Andi 6 are closed. The inhabitants of the
arrondissement
and 1837, inflexible in the determination to rigorously
punish the factious, who only seek for pillage, murder.
eroynkdniseswem me ent
in of
tChleamines
and destruction.
(Signed)

" PETIT DE LA FOSSE,

Prefect of the Nievre.'
" A military "court-martial was immediately organized
to execute justice on the guilty men who had been ar-
rested by the troops, as well as on those who were
brought in every moment by the inhabitants of the sur-
rounding country, who had organized themselves to seek
for and seize those who had fled.
"An insurrectionary movement had taken place on the
banks of the Loire, on an order which had been received
from Paris. The principal point of it was at Nevy-
sur-Loire, between Briare and Come. At the first news
of this disturbance, M. Ponsard, Secretary General of
the Prefecture of the Nievre, left Nevres, accompanied
by a strong detachment from the 41st and 18th regi-
ments of the line. On its arrival it found a strong bar-
ricade on the road near Neuvy, and the tocsin was sound-
ing. At the moment when the combat was about to
commence, the venerable cure of Neuvy, hoping to in-
duce the insurgents to lay down their arms, went for-
ward to address them. A ruffian instantly red a mus-
ket, and the ball entered the breast of the worthy pastor.
A few moments after, the soldiers carried this barricade
at the point of the bayonet. The officer who commanded
the column of attack was th© first to mount it, when
an insurgent placed a pistol at his breast, and was
about to fire, wheu he was killed by a soldier of
the 18th, who thus saved the life of his officer. The
insurgents soon afterwards took to flight; but numerous
=eats were made, particularly that of the assassin of
the Cure. A court-martial immediately assembled,
and
he was shot in presence of the twine of Neuvy. It is
impossible to describe the terror of the men who have
been arrested. Some valuable revelations have been
obtained teem the prisoners. They have put the authee
rities on the trace of the guilty cowards who every-
where incite to civil war, without taking any part in it
themselves—reserving to themselves the chance of pro-
fiting by the work of others. It is hoped that, notwith-
standing the gravity of the wounds of the CurO, his life
will be saved.
" Grave troubles have burst out in the valley of the
Drome. The anarchists attempted a rising at Crest, a
little town between Valence and Die. Some fighting
took place, in which several gendarmes were killed or
wounded. The insurgents displayed a red flag, and
their rallying cry was Vivo la Republique Waimea-
tique et Social() 1' All their efforts to seize on the town
were ineffectual, and on hearing that reinforcements of
troops had been dispatched against them, they dispersed.
Several of them have been taken prisoners.
The Bourse was more firm. The Five per Cents.
opened at 95f. 75c, rese to 95f. 50c., and closed at 96f.
35c. for the end of the month.; the Three per Cents.
closed at 58f. 75c.; Orleans Railroad Shares, 925 f.;
Rouen, 587 f, 50c.; Havre, 221 f. 25c.; Great Northern,
475 f.; Avignon, 205 f.; Vierzon, 447 f. 50c.; Basle,
156 f. 25c. ; Bordeaux, 380 f. ; Paris and Strasburg,
371 f. 25c.; Tours and Nantes, 260 f.; Amiens to Bou-
logne, 260 f.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, DEC. 11.
Boulogne and Amiens, 10—Great Indian Peninsula, 4
Luxembourg, 34—Northern of France, 145/4—Orleans and
Bordeaux, 4—Paris and Orleans, 35—Paris and Rouen, 23
Paris and Strasbourg, 125/8—Rouen and Havre, 8 LAL.

SPAIN.
Madrid journals of the 6th have arrived.
A letter of that date says that, as soon as the tele-
graphic dispatch of the 2d had been received, an
energetic circular was sent by the Government to the
Captains-General and Governors of provinces, order-
ing them to take every measure for the preservation
of order. No fresh accounts had been received from
Paris in consequence of the unfavourable state of the
atmosphere, which prevented the transmission of
telegraphic dispatches from Bayonne.
MADRID BOLSA, DEC. G.—Three per Cents., 351,1 ;
Five per Cents., 15i it. Exchange on London, 5050.