The Sun.
London, England, 1834-01-20 00:00:00

is not the object of public legislation. As an art, it is the
doing what is fit to be done; as a science, the knowing
what is fit to be done on every occasion.
" But the inquiry, as applied by the individual to his
own rule of conduct, resolves itself into a question as to
what he himself approves—what can be made to appear to
himself as fit to be approved on the given occasion. And
why should he declare his approbation of a particular course
of conduct ? Undoubtedly, because the approbation may
lead to its adoption. And it will be thus conducive to it.
Public opinion is made up of individual opinions ; and
public opinion is that which constitutes the popular or
moral sanction. A large quantity of recompense to act
upon our hopes, and a large quantity of punishment to
influence our fears, are in the hands of popular opinion.
Of this influential power, every individual in the community
forms a part ; and may exercise and apply his portion of
eward or punishment,--reward for the acts which merit
his approbation—punishment for those of which he disap-
proves. He has thus a power over motives, and that to
the extent in which he can dispose of the matter of pleasure '
and pain. These motives may sometimes be brought into
operation by merely indicating their existence; at other
times they may be created : and under both circumstances
they will influence human conduct ; nor can the effect be
always foreseen. The affections and the will are touched
by the motives prescribed to them, just as the Eolean harp-
strings vibrate to the passing wind. By presenting mo-
tives, we necessitate acts; by awakening expectation of
eventual pain or pleasure, we influence character. In
proportion to the confidence felt in the opinions and friendly
dispoiition of the teacher, will be the deference of the
learner ; in proportion to the pain or pleasure excited by
the disapprobation, or approbation, which the instructor
may be able to attach to different actions, will be the
power of the instructor to enforce or to prevent those
actions. And the test of the value of the work he enters
upon will be its harmony with some recognised principles,
by which he consents that his instruction shall be tried."
" 'fanismast OF A WORD.—The talisman of arro-
gance, indolence, and ignorance, is to be found in a single
word, an authoritative imposture, which in these pages it
will be frequently necessary to unveil. It is the word
ought'—' ought or ought not,' as circumstances may be.
In deciding You ought to do this—you ought.not to do
it,'—is not every question of morals set at rest?
" If the use of the word be admissible at all, it ' ought'
to be banished front the vocabulary of morals.
" There is another word, which has a talismanic virtue
too, and which might be wielded to destroy many fatal and
fallacious positions. Yon ought'—' you ought not,' says
the dogmatist. Why? retorts the inquirer—Why? To
say you ought,' is easy in the extreme. To stand the
searching penetration of a Why? is not so easy.
"Why ought I? Rotause you ought—is the not un-
frequent reply;—on which the Why? comes back again
with the added advantage of having obtained a victory."
" PteAsußs AND PAIN.—One general class of pains
there are which must be resolved into all the classes of
corresponding pleasures. These are the pains of privation,—
the pains arising from the absence of enjoyment. Same of
these vibrate, as it were, between the regions of pain and
pleasure. 'Desire, for example, may belong to either ; its
long continuance, without being satisfied, makes it almost
invariably painful. When enjoyment seems so adjacent,
or so certain as to create assurance, and the expectation of
its arrival suddenly ceases, come the pains of disappoint-
ment. When an enjoyment is over, and its return cannot
be anticipated, come the pains of regret. Pains there are
grounded on pleasures, and pleasutes grounded o❑ pains--
as the pleasures of relief, when pain ceases or abates. 0
the whole list of pains and pleasures, two classes only regard
others—they are those of benevolence and malevolence.
All the rest are self-regarding."
" LOCKE ON UNEASINESS.—By an ill-considered ex-
pression, Locke, a man worth a hundred Maupertuises,
has given countenance to a most false, uncomfortable, and
pernicious sentiment. He says that every action has its
source in uneasiness. If this be true, uneasiness is the
necessary accompaniment of action ; and a man, as often
as he acts and as long as he acts, must be ill at ease.
But what is the feeling which Locke calls uneasiness?
It is anything but a painful one. It is the sense, the
presentiment, of a capacity for enjoying, at some future
time, a pleasure not then present. Pleasure may be
springing from a thousand sources, while anticipation is
looking to the opening of many more. The present may
be bright with enjoyment, while the door of a brighter
future is unlocked ; and to the pleasures of possession may
be associated the pleasures of hope."
" VIRTUE DEFINED.—Effort, undoubtedly, is needful
to virtue, and the seat of that effort, in the case of pru-
dence, is principally i❑ the understanding ; in the case of
effective benevolence, mainly in the will and the affections.
" I meet an adversary in the road. He aims a blow
at me with a stick. I spring aside and escape the stroke.
Here is usefulness—sell preservation, but here is nd room
for prudence.
" I hear that an adversary is laying wait for me at a
certain spot. I avoid the path that leads to it, and repair
to my place of destination by a more circuitous or expen-
sive road. Here is usefulness by self-preservation ; but
here, too, there has been exercise of the understanding,
and room, at least for prudence."
" And so, when the seat of the effort be the will. I
purchase at the baker's shop a loaf for my own dinner;
there is double usefulness—usefulness to myself by the
preservation of life; to the baker by his profit on the loaf.
"I am accosted by a famished beggar. He has more
need of the loaf than I. I give it him, and lose my dinner.
Here, too, is usefulness ; but here, also, is virtue : for, to
subject myself to pain, as here,—to pain in the shape of
hunger,—requires an effort, and that effort I have made."

The Duke of Devonshire, at the date of his
Grace's list letters, contemplated being in London by the
end of March.

Lady Ellenborough has again paid her devo-
tions to the hymeneal altar. She has been led to it by a
nobleman attached to the diplomacy at Munich, where
her influence over a crowned head was said to be all-
powerful. The corps diplomatique and the Court have
received the new-made wife.

Lord Brougham has the reputation among his
intimates of being a warm-hearted man ; and the manner
in which he received the intelligence of the sudden death
of the wife of his great legal and political rival fully satis-
fied us that friendship was not in his case deceived by
appearances. His Lordship was in Court, when one of
his officers intimated, in a low tone, that Lady Lyndhurst
was dead. " Dead !" exclaimed his Lordship, where is
Lord Lyndhurst? Is he gone ?" and the Noble Lord,
with much apparent agitation, half rose from his seat as
if, under the impulse of the moment, he was about to rush
to the chamber of the Chief Baron to offer his sympathy
and condolence in affliction.—Morning Paper.

A Correspondent assures us that Lord Gren-
ville acquired the nickname of " Boggy.' when he was a
boy at Eton school, in consequence of his rotundity.
When he was Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs during
Pitt's administration, George Canning was Under Secre-
tary, and he frequently complained of the haughty
demeanour of his chief. Lord Grenville was not an elder
brother or trustee of the British Museum at the time of
his deatb. He was four years older than his surviving
brother, Mr. Thomas Grenville, who was during many
years a warmly attached pet s9nal friend of Charles Fox.
DINNER TO MR. HUTT.—The Hull Ad-
vertiser gives a report, six columns in length, of a public
dinner given to Mr. Hutt by his constituents in that town
onWednesday last. Sir W. Ingilhy, who took the chair on
the occasion, after the usual toasts, proposed the health of
Earl Grey and of the Ministers who cartied the Reform
Bill, which was received with loud cheers. The health of
the Earl of Durham was next drunk with great enthusiasm,
after a highly complimentary speech by the Chairman,
who said he believed his Lordship to be "one of the most
real, substantial, radical oat•and.out reformers of any
nobleman in existence." Mr. Hutt, when his health was
proposed, rendered an account of his stewardship, which
was received in a tnost flattering manner. He afterwards
proposed the health of his colleague, Mr. Hill, which was
drunk with loud cheering. Mr. Hutt retired shortly
before twelve, and soon afterwards the• worthy baronet left
the chair, and the gentlemen crowded round him to shake
hands, and wish him prosperity.
The lodging-housekeepers and proprietors of
residences at Brighton have been wofully disappointed in
their expectations of high rents during the present season.
Mansions of the first class, which in former winters have
been let for twenty guineas a week, this year produced
only ten. Houses in the most admired situations, and very
capacious, might have been had even for 8 guineas a week.
We have authority to state, that Sir Robert
Peel has declined to allow himself to be put in' nomination
tor the Chancellorship of the University of Oxford.—
Morning Paper.

AWFUL INSTANCE OF SUDDEN DEATH.-
About eight o'clock on Friday night as Mr. John Day,
!milder, residing in Little Chesterfield. street, Marylebone,
was sitting at his parlour fire smoking his pipe, the pipe
suddenly dropped from his hand, and he fell with his head
on the back of the chair. His wife, who was in the room,
immediately ran forward to his assistance, and having suc-
ceeded in placing him on a sofa, in a senseless state, she
sent for a surgeon. The poor man, however, was quite
dead,

DENH A I.L. MARKETS.
by the Carcass,

NEWGATE AND LEA
At per stone,
s. d. to s. s. d. tos. d
•
3eet, inferior 222 6 I Nfutton, inferior ... 242 ti
- middling 2 6 2 8 middling.. 3 0 3 2
-- prime large 3 4 3 8 -- prime 3 6 3 l
-- prime small... 3 6 3 0 Pork, large 'l 2 3 4
Veal 3 8 5 4 -5ma11.... ....... . 3 0 4 6

NEWCASTLE CORN MARKET.—Jan. Is,

From the late continued wet weather, our wheats to-day
were generally in very poor condition, and sales heavy for all
but the few fine samples, which the millers bought up readily
at :the prices of last Saturday. The show of Oats was large,
mostly of inferior quality, and that trade was again very dull.
The arrivals of Barley continue to exceed the demand, and
though a few samples still fetch 31s. to 325. per quarter, yet the
middling and inferior qualities are dull, at a decline of Is. to 2s.
per quarter ; for the best Malt there is a fair demand ; Rye
steady; rather more doing in white Peas. Little doing in
Beans. The late large arrivals of Flour still hang heavy on
the market.

New. Old.
Vt/lic-..t, Northumberland 40s. 52s —s. —s.l
....-., - Norfolk and Suffolk 475. 52s -s. —s.
--- Berwick and Scotch 42s 483....... —s. —s.
--- Foreign —S. —s S. —S.
aye, Norfolk and Suffolk Ws. 40s —s. —s.
—. Foreign 30s. 04s S. —S.
',rl, Malt;-

Barley, Malting, Norfolk and Suffolk-265. 31s —s. —s.
Grinding and Feeding 04s. 26' —s. —s.
Malt, Norfolk and Suflhlk 50s. 56s —s. —s.
Beans, Small 90s. 325....... —s. —s.
-- Tick 083. ills —s. —s.
Pease, White —s. —s —s. —s.
-- Gray
Oats, Northumberland, Potatoe I6s 193..1.::: 19s. 203.
--------- Feed t..l4s 16e —s. —s.
Foreign
Flour, Fine (per sack) —s. —s 34s. 375.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.

BUNTING APPOINTMENTS.

The Norfolk Hounds meet on Tuesday at Quist Bridge;
Friday, at Oxburgh—at half past 10.

The Sandbeck Hounds meet on Wednesday, at Aston ; Sa-
turday, at the Kennel.

Mr. Villebois' Hounds meet on Wednesday, at Markam
Tithe Barn (deer) ; Friday, at Foulden Common—at 11.
Sir John Cope's Hounds meet on Tuesday at the Bull, Bark-
ham; Wednesday, at Elvethan Mounts ; Friday, at Kiln Green
—at half past 10.

The Craven Hounds meet on Wednesday at Henswood ;
Friday, at Beedon Park ; Saturday, at Elcot House.
The Vine Hounds meet on Wednesday at Paul's Wood;
Friday, at the Furze Bush—at half-past 10.

Mr. Codrington's Hounds meet on Wednesday at Dinton ;
Friday, at the Black Dog, Stauderwick—at 10.
Mr. Farquharson's Hounds meet on Tuesday at Duncliffe ;
Thurschy, at Melcombe I'ark.

The N. F. Hounds meet on Thursday at Moyles Court; Sa-
tureay, at Beaulieu Manor House—at half-past 10.
The H. Honds meet to-morrow at Beauworth ; Thursday, at
Minchin's Barn; Saturday, at Chilton Old House—at half-pastlo.
The Charborough Hounds meet on Thursday at South Lyt-
chett House; Friday, at Moxworth House.

The Duke of Cleveland's Hounds meet on Friday at Dalton
Village—at 11,