The Sun.
London, England, 1851-02-24 00:00:00

•
SR. CUL VERWELL'S NEW WORKS.
To be had of Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row ; Carvaiho;
47, Fleet-street; Mann, 39, Corn= ; or direct from the author,
Ace One Shilling each ; by post, is. 6d.
ENJOYMENT OF LIFE.
"health, Recreation, and rational Use of Time."
CONTENTS :—Early Rising—Spring and Summer Mornings—Ex-
minions about the Environs of London—The Parks, Lanes, Hills,
Forests, Fields, High-roads, and other pleasant places—Country
['tips and Rambles—The Sea—London at Night—Evening. at Home
—Music—The Drama—On Eating, Drinking, Sleeping, Bathing, Air,
Zest, Ease, Occupation, &c., &o.
IL
FRAGMENTS FROM THE MOUNTAINS. Two Vols.
Vol I.
t VISIT TO THE LAKES; SKETCH OF EDINBURGH, &c.

Vol. 11.

rfIE LAKES OF !CILLA_RNEY ; REMDTISCENCEII 021
DIIBLENT, &c.
M.
WHAT TO EAT, DRINK, AND AVOID.
"That three score years and ten our course may run."

A popalar review of almost every form (cause arid cure) of ner-
•onsly_dobilitated health and enfeebled constitution, that harasses
he young, besets the man of pleasure, business, or study, and cm-
;itters old age, with tables and rules for the diet and physical :nu-
atlon of every-day life.

TV.
THE PASSIONS.
" What passions hurt the body—what improve,
Truths as refined as Athens ever heard."

BIIBJECT -Lifo's pilgrimage, from infancy to old ago. The advent
,ifthe passions. Chastity and its infringements. The casualties of
dcer.tioasness and dissipation, with illustrations, graphic, narrative,
Cad remodiative. Advocacy of early marriages.

THE MARRIAGE STATE.
" To be or not to be, that is the question."
PloGßAMbitz :—Laws and obligations of nature, society, and re-
leion regarding marriage, to be observed by either sex. Time and
•hoice, on both aides, as to age, temperament, complexion, and
figure, to secure healthy ofhpring, with the art of rearing them.
Physical defectiveness and its removal. Sterility and its conversion.
Oases, &c.
By R. J. CIILVERWELL, M.D. (1841), M.R.C.S. (1827), L.S.A.
MO. Twenty-five years Medical and Forensic Referee in these
R.einttintr hours tally till Svc 3Cvenings. seven till nine.
10 Argyll-place. Regent-street.

LIEUTENANT'S OUT PENSION OF GREENWICU HOS-
PlTAL.—Lieutenant Balch N. Hoar (1803), the fourth
senior on the list, died on the 13th inst., aged seventy.
He was in receipt of a Greenwich out-pension, which
has been re-bestowed on Lieutenant Charles Hawkins
(1807).
Lieutenant—Norton Bush Alexander has been re-
moved from Cushendall to Scattery Station,-vices Morris,
appointed to Cameleon, revenue cutter.
Mates—W. Dawson, Edward Field, to tbe Excellent;
W. Hewett, H. G. Douglas, Thomas N. Underwood, and
H. S. Bateman, to the victory.
Clerks—Charles L. Cartwright, to the Alecto, steam-
vessel, Woolwich; William T. Comerford, to the Bri-
tannia, 120, Portsmouth; Charles P. Fielor., to the
Apollo, troop ship.
Assistant Engineers—Joseph Kent, to the Echo,
steam-tug tender, Portsmouth; John Woodger, to the
Blenheim, screw ship; J. G. Oakshott, to the Electo,
steam-sloop.
. .

CommGunii earn—. d
eSrt ei
ehnedne Sr
sloand,e ,wthoob eh eaci
tilnagtely retired from
ac:ivo service as master attendant of Devonport Dock-
yard. has been almost constantly employed for 44 years,
having first entered the revenue service with his friend
Captain Henderson, in the Princeiof Vales, 20 gun
ship. In the navy he was actively employed at the end
of the late war in the North Sea and Baltic; .he has
been 29 years a master, and of that period has been only
ten months on half-pay. In fact, he may be said to have
been always serving, and that under several distinguished
officers, from all of whom he has the most gratifying
testimonials, accompanied from some by tokens • of
value—viz., from the late Captain Sir S. Chambers,
Captain Sandom, his Excellency Sir ,Lionel Smith
(Governor of Barbadoes), while under his orders in
command of the Colombia steamer, and who in-
terested' himself much at the Reese Guards
in fsvonr of Commander Hendeesom and, lastly,
from Vice-Admiral Sir William farkerf Bart., G.C.8.,
the present Commander-in-Chief in the Mediterranean.
At the calamitous fire in Devonport Dockyard, on Sun-
day, September 2s, 1840, he received, through the late
Admiral Warren, the thanks of the Admiralty, for the
prompt assistance rendered on that occasion, as being the
first on shore, with all his crew-130 men from the Ven-
geance, then under his orders, and on the point of sailing
to Portsmouth. No officer has ever navigated so many
ships of all classes, to and from Scotland, Liverpool,
Wales, Plymouth, Portsmouth, and all the eastern ports,
at all seasons of the year, frequently very indifferently
manned, and never met with a single accident. No pilot
was ever employed on these occasions bat for out and in
of harbours. Lastly, he has finished his naval services
as master attendant of Devonport Dockyard for nearly
five years, during which he has frequently had the whole
charge of the establishment as acting superintendent.
Captain Sir E. Home is much better, and expected to
join his ship, the Calliope, 26, early thisaveek.
Apollo, 8, troop-ship, Commander Rawatorne, arrived
at Spithead on Saturday, from Sheerness, en route for
Plymouth and Cork, and left again yesterday, *IS 9 A es.
Arab, 12, Commander Morris, will 'be paid off at
Chatbam on Thursday next.
Shear water, steam. vessel, Lieutenant-Commander
Turner, left Bristol on Friday, for Woolwich, to be
paid off.
Sparrow, surveying-vessel, Commander Fraser, is or-
dered from Ireland to Bristol, to raise seamen for the
Prince Regent.
Prince Regent, 90, Acting-Captain M. F. Feed, we
have already said, went into Portsmouth harbour on
Friday evening; that she had royal yards rigged aloft,
and looked a complete and well-disciplined man-of-war.
At the entrance of the harbour, when towing in by
the Echo, hands were turned up, and the order
being given " down topgallant and royal yards and top •
gallant masts," they were down on deck instanter. The
hands were then piped to unbend sails, and before she
got to the dockyard the topsails and courses were unbent
and on deck. On Saturday she unrove her running rig-
ging and returned it, and also returned her old sails,
cordage, &c. She will not be further unrigged; her
topmasts will remain up and topsail yards across till paid
oil on Tuesday.
Mr. Trickett, of the factory department, has sub-
mitted to the Admiralty a proposition for fitting capstan
bars, so as to avoisi the possibility of berth accidents as
occurred on board the Calliope, 26, with such fatal and
serious consequences.
PORTSHOUTII, SUNDAY.—It is reported that the Br:-
tannie, 120, London, 90, Vengeance, 84, Bellerophon,
78, Blenheim, 60, Ajax, 60, Hogue, 60, end other s'eias
and vessels, will aseemute at bottread in June.
The Miraeda steam sloop, built at Sheerness from
approved designs of the Committee of Reference, will be
launched on the 18th proximo. •
The Govornolo, Sardinian man-of-war steam-sloop,
10, Captain Count di Persano, arrived at Spithead yes-
terday, with a cargo of packages containing goods for
the Great Exhibition. This afternoon she saluted the
national flag, the Port Admiral, and the Consul. The
Victory quickly returned the compliment t o the Adiniral,
but the military authorities were so tardy that the Sar-
dinian Captain got under way and was out of hearing long
before the firing from the garrison battery commenced.
The steamer proceeded to Woolwich to land her mer-
chandise.
Naval cadets appointed to ships ill -future are to be
examined at the Naval College, instead of on board the
flag-ship.
WOOLWICH, FEB. 22.—The Banshee mail steam-
packet, Lieutenant-Commander James Hosken, went
down the river on Friday to try her speed at the
measured mile in Sea Reach, having tried her engines
on the previous day, and on an average of six runs,
three down and three up, her speed was ascertained to
be 13.953 knots„ or 16.077 miles per hour.
The Jasper steam-vessel was finished in the engineer
department on the 14th inst.
The Teaser steam-vessel was taken out of the basin
and into dock to-day, to be made ready for commission
for further aervice:on the coast of Africa. She will be
complete in the engineer department by the 4th March
next. •
The Garland, Dover snail-packet, Lieutenant-Com-
mander Wylde, will be ready by the 18th of March.
The Tartarus steam-sloop will be out of the hands of
the engineers on the 31st of March. •
One corporal and six privates of the-Royal Marines of
the Woolwich division embarked yesterday on board the
Banshee, for service in that vessel on the Mediterranean
station.
One corporal and nine marines of the Woolwich divi-
sion embarked yesterday on board the Alecto steam-
sloop, for service on the coast of Africa.
Commander James F. B. Wainwright (180), who re-
cently studied steam at the Factory at Woolwich Dock-
yard, is appointed Admiralty agent to the next screw
steam-vessel for carrying the mails to the Cape of
Good Hope.

RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE.
EASTERN COUNTIES.

---- __ _
The report of the directors to the twenty-ninth half-
yearly meeting of the shareholders, to be held at the
London Tavern, on Thursday, the 27th of February, at
one o'clock, contains the following points:_
has been
one" terminatedTofhgerheaaltf-dyiffieacruwltyhicahndhaansxnioewtyte the directors. The
fGorregaotoNdsoratnhderpnassenr
Railwayges being open to London both
passengers, and
nowndthe
branch line from
hilaivtechainbsttoraßoystonportionbeing
onf ou°ywcromPleted and at work,
traffin, and have also
rendered it necessary to reduce the fares in that quarter.
The short agreement with the Eastern Union Railway
Company, now about to terminate, has not prevented an
active competition with this company, by
which conside-
rable loss has been sustained, whilst the unsatisfactory
state of the working agreement with the Norfolk Com-
pany has tended to prevent the effectual development of
traffic in that direction, and the circumstances
of em-
barrassment in which the East
_Anglian and Newmarket
Companies were placed have also been detrimental to
your interests; meanwhile the low prices of produce in
the agricultural districts traversed by the Eastern
Counties Railway have not onlydiscouraged persons
from travelling, but have induced the passengers to
_
travel at the cheapest fares,
although
at the same
time the manufacturing .districts have been prospering,
and the traffic on their railways increasing, as well
as that on other metropolitan lines. The strike of the
engine-drivers and firemen, which took 1
place just before
the close of the last half-year, has also had a serious
effect in decreasing the traffic, and increasing the charges
against revenue, from the great. precautions thereby
rendered necessary, and from otner heavy expenses
caused by the employment of new hands. The East
Anglian and the Newmarket lines may from their posi-
tion be regarded as the natural allies of this company.
Provision has long since been made at Cambridge for
the expected branch from the Newmarket line, and a
station actually erected by anticipation at your expense
to receive the passengers it may bring. The East Anglian
line is a continuation of your railway from
Ely, which is
the direct road from London to Lynn, and it can obvi-
ously be worked to most advat tage in Continuation with
the Eastern Counties Railway. The board has again
undertaken to work the Newmarket Railway on terms
which barely cover the cost. The directors are given to
understand that a working agreement detrimental to
the interests of this company has been entered into by
East Aaglian Railway with the Great Northern Rail-
way, and will be submitted to the East Anglian proprie-
tors on the 27th instant for confirmation. The works
on your Shelford and Shepreth branch will be com-
pleted and the line open for traffic early in June. It
will be the duty of your directors to endeavour to make
such arrangements with the Great Northern Company
as shall protect your interests, and prevent, as far as
may be practicable, the loss which both companies
must sustain from undue competition. Negotiations are
now pending for these objects, and also for the amicable
interchange of traffic at other points where the two rail-
wtsye oc'me iu =toot, The MOP for the hea-yepr

are 400,5521. 3s. 11d., of which 60,6321. Os. 83. has been
derived from the Norfolk Railway. The working ex-
penses, guaranteed interest, and other charges against
revenue, including 14,0001. set apart for the renewal of
the permanent way and works, amount to 378,822/. 14s.
113., and of this sum the accountants charge the Norfolk
Railway with 28,8271. ls. 11d. for guaranteed interest,
41,4361. 13s. 11d. for working and other expenses, and
4,5661. for interest on the rolling stock, &c, purchased
of the Norfolk Company, making together 74,829/. 15s.
103. The surplus left over last half-year was 2,907/. 3s.
7d., and the total balance to the creiit of revenue is
therefore 24,6361. 12s. 2d. Taking into considera-
tion the smallness of this sum, and the report of the
accountants on the capital account, the directors do not
recommend a dividend on the Eastern Counties Conso-
lidated Stock for this half-year. They have also ascer-
tained that various sums of money, beyond those alluded
to in the last report, were received by Mr. Duncan, and
applied to his own purposes. As this matter is in the
hands of Messrs. Crowder and Maynard, under whose
advice the directors are actitig, they must refrain from
making further observations respecting it; but they re-
fer the proprietors to the facts, brought out by the ac-
countants, which indicate the state of their affairs when
they werecommitted to the hands of thepresent board. The
sum of 8,250/. 9s. 3d. expended in making two-and-a-
half miles of railway at. Colchester, has long been out-
standing. not being recoverable, and the directors have
to recommend that it be charged to capital. Fractions
of shares accruing from the Northern and Eastern bonus
are stated at ip,kost. 17s. Bd., but are at present worth
only 2,730/. The difference, namely, 7,4761. 17s. Bd.,
must be charged to capital, or the whole amount can-
celled. The direetors submit to yon that the following
shares be declared forfeited for non-payment of calls,
namely-4,219 shares York Extension scrip, amount-
ing to 42,1901., on which 9,6101.. have been
paid ; the calls are overdue since 1847.
Also 150 Converted York Extension.: itaxip-shares,
amounting to 750/., on which 300/. have been paid, the
calls on whreh are also due since 1847. The directors
have made arrangements with the East and West India
Dock Company for a communication with the import
basin of the East India Docks. The rails along the
wharf will be laid by the Dock Company. During the
last session of Parliament powers were obtained, by means
of which access will be obtained to the West India Docks,
to the new cattle-market at Islington, and to the London
and North-Western Railways at Camden-town, so that
live stock and goods may be transferred from one rail-
way to the other without change of carriages, The trade
of Lowestoft continues to increase. It is to be hoped
that the pending arrangements with the Eastern Union
and Norfolk companies will shortly add the town and
port of Harwich to the list of your terminal stations, and
open a trade to Holland and the ports of western Ger-
many, as Lowestoft is now doing to Denmark and the
Elbe. The importance of Harwich as a seaport and pas-
senger station has long been recognized. The report of
the locomotive superintendent shows that, although the
reduction of the working expenses has been retarded by
the strike of the men, yet there is every prospect of its
being steadily carried into effect, witnout any increase
of labour, or any interference with the comforts or in-
dependence of the people employed. The majority of the
new hands have been found skilful and trustworthy, and
they are becoming well acquainted with the lino of rail-
way; several of the old hands have acknowledged their
errors, and been permitted to return to their duty."

YORK, NEWCASTLE, AND BERWICK.
The report of the directors of the York, Newcastle,
and Berwick Railway, to be presented to the share-
holders at the haif-yearly general meeting, to be held in
York on Friday seat, states that there has been an in-
crease of 167,610 in the number of passengers upon the
line as compared with the corresponding halt-year in
1849, and an increase of 32,4381. 18s. 4d. in the revenue
as compared with that of the same period in 1849. The
total revenue for the half-year ending 31st December, was
382,7261. 16s. 3d.

The following are the most important points contained
in the report:—

"It will also be observed that no interest is charged
against capital, but that the whole amount of interest,
guaranteed dividend, and other current charges, is de-
frayed out of the revenue. The shareholders are aware
that the fund for the renewal of the permanent way
for the years 1849 and 1850 was provided from the
50,000/. repaid by Mr. Hudson, and they must bear
in mind that a charge for that purpose will appear
in future years to the debit of the revenue; but if
the traffic continues to increase, this additional pay-
ment can easily be provided for. The directors
have co-operated, to the extent of their power, a ith
the directors of those companies with which they are
connected, or with which they might be brought into
rivalry, in effecting amicable traffic arrangements, and
they are happy to inform the shareholders, that with
almost all the companies such arrangements are nearly
perfected. The revenue account shows that, after paying
the dividend on the guarant ,ed shares, and interest upon
the Great North of &gland and other debentures, the
net divisible b.dancci, inctudinz 2.,2591. 123, 101 brought
roi N-,ard rrom the last half-year, amounts to 117,0361. ss.
73., out of which the directors recommend that a divi-
dend be declared at the rate of 31. 10i. per cent. per
annum, which will amount to 105,5261. 193. 7d., and will
leave a balance cf 11,5091. 64., to be curried to the credit
of the ensuing halt-year. The amount received on ar-
rears of calla is small; bat the directors confidently
expect that very little, if any, loss will ultimately be
sustained by the company under this head. The
arrangements with Mr. Hudson, sanctioned by the
proprietors on the Bth January, 1850, have been carried
into effect, though not in sufficient time to permit the
sum received from him to appear in the present
account. The payment of the 50,0001. due from him
was reported to the last meeting; and with regard to the
2,345 Sunderland Dock shares, for which he was respon-
sible to this company, he has produced receipts from the
Dock Company in terms of the agreement for 15,0001.,
and paid the sum of 26,0371. 10s., together with interest
up to the time of payment. The company therefore
now hold 3,000 shares in the Sunderland Docks of 251.
each, fully paid up, and will receive from the Dock Com-
pany interest on the 7,500/., paid in advance, until the
final call for that amount shall be made. All the coals
conveyed for shipment along the Durham and Sunder-
land Railway are now shipped in these dock:;, the direc-
tors of which have just published a report, giving a fa-
vourable view of its future prospects. The contract for
the Pensher branch provisionally entered into with
Messrs. Rush and Lawton has been confirmed, and the
works have been begun. The settlement with the pro-
prietors of the Great North of England Railway is now
virtually completed. Notwithstanding the large amount
returned in compliance with the Act of Parliament on
rescinded call the directors have been enabled to pur-
chase a further amount of the Great North of England
Company's Stook equal at par value to 198,8711. 10s.,
making in all 1,091,1341. purchased and cancelled ep to
the 31st of December last. They also, under the powers
of the Act, entered into communication with the various
shareholders of the Great North of England Railway,
with the view of adjusting the amount of purchase de-
bentures due in July, 1853, January, 1855, and July,
1856, so as to suit the convenience of this company.
This hAs been successfully accomplished, and there can
be no doubt that the discharge of the purchase deben-
tures at the respective periods will be effected without
the slightest embarrassment to the company. The re-
payment to this account of 78,087/. los. from the
350,0001. formerly lent to capital account, has placed a
considerable balance in hand, which may be appropriated
to buy up the purchase debentures from time to time,
according to circumstances. Under the authority granted
to them by the last general meeting, the directors have
introduced two Bills into Parliament, one for continuing
their power of purchasing land, and the completion of
works as to the Bishop Auckland' branch, and the other
for connecting the West Durham Railway with the Hart-
lepool line; both of which have been read a second time."

BIRMINGHAM AND OXFORD.—The half-yearly meet-
ing of the shareholders of this company was held at the
offices, in Birmingham, on Saturday; Mr. F. P. Barlow
in the chair. The statement of accounts was laid before
the meeting, and received; after which Mr. Aston was
re-elected auditor of the company. Mr. Aston said, on
going through the accounts he found the books had been
kept with regularity; indeed it was impossible that any
set of books could have been kept in a more satisfactory
manner. The chairman said he might observe, with re-
ference to the works, that they were progressing as
rapidly as, possible, and be hoped at their next meeting
to have a much more favourable report to make. The
whole of the works had been contracted for, and there
would not be a moment lost in executing them. He
could not say when they would be finished, but they
would be gone on with as soon as possible. There being
no other business before the meeting, the proceedings
terminated.
BIRMINGHAM, WOLVERHAMPTON, AND DUDLEY.--
A meeting of the shareholders of this company was
held at the same office, when the accounts were pre-
sented and received, after which Mr. Iricott was re-
elected auditor; and thanks having been voted
to the chairman, the proceedings terminated. At the
close of the business Mr. Aston wished to know if the
chairman could give him any information with respect
to the progress of the line, and that gentleman replied,
be could only say there would be no time lost in for-
warding the works.
HULL AND SELur.—The half-yearly general meeting
of the proprietors of this company, was held on Saturday
last, in the Railway-office, Hull. As the line is leased
to the York and North-Midland Company, with a gua-
rantged dividend, the proceedings were merely of a pro
forma character. The report (which has already up-
peared in our columns) was passed; and the retiring
dircetors, Messrs. John Alder and Mayelston, and Mr.
John Bowes, the auditor, were re-elected utsnimously.
RUGBY AND LEAMINGTON.—On Saturday this line
was opened for public traffic. The Government inspec-
tor went over it on Tuesday last, and was perfectly satis-
fied with its condition.

A 100-GUN SCREW LINE-OF-BATTLE SEEM--
A new ship of the line, by name St. Jean d'Acre, has been
on the " Navy List" for some years, but has not been laid
down. The Admiralty have now determined that instead of
a 90• gun ship, like the Albion, she shall be a powerful two-
decker, to carry 100 guns, and to be propelled by screw ma-
chinery of 650-horse power. She is ordered to be built et
Poyonputi—United Service Gantt&