The Sun.
London, England, 1856-10-18 00:00:00

r-fiE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EV'tk.',N4"'N-G OCrOBER 18, iBsg.

! an important item in the revenue returns of each

suoceeding quarter.
Share the ratification of the Precious Treaty,
we have had many striking illustrations of
Russian faith. At Serpents Island, at Kars, at
Reni, and Ismail—and, above all, on the recti-
fication of the Bessarabian frontier, tle Russian
Government clearly showed a deliberate intention
to wriggle out of the most express and
• positive
stipulations of the Treaty, while Austria main-
tains with tenacious grasp her hold on the Prin-
cipalities, rendering the condition of the unfor-
tunate inhabitants even more deplorable than dur-
ing theßussian occupation. The Note, or rather
the Circular, respecting Naples also proved that
the CZAR was still resolved on maintaining the
interests of despotism in any shape, however re-
volting to humanity, or, as our facetious contem-
porary, Punch, explained, that BomsA should not
be deprived of his playthings so long as his big
brother could protect him.
But these overt acts were scarcely as
significant as the attempt to procure, by
extravagant subsidies, twenty steam-ships, all
constructed for war purposes, although without
the armaments to do the work which three might
easily perform, and also the project for attracting
tens of millions of British and French capital into
Russia for the formation of a line of railways cal-
culated to consolidate and strengthen the military
power of Russia ! We have already pointed out
that these lines could not possibly prove remunera-
tive without the Government guarantee—that they
are, in fact, neither more nor less than ingenious
devices for attracting bullion to Russia, which
would be safely locked up until a suitable oppor-
tunity occurred for a new aggressive movement,
while any expenditure was paid in inconvertible
rouble notes—in other words, a loan to Russia
on cheaper terms than she could otherwise ob-
tain

Her Ministers are wise in their generation.
They are thoroughly acquainted with the opera-
tion of our unwise and inequitable monetary
code, and, having discovered the means of in-
flicting the most serious damage on England, are
sparing no pretexts to render the blow as effica-
cious as possible, so as to humble the once-
formidable Power, which, on many former occa-
sions, compelled a moderation very distasteful to
the AUTOCRAT and his brother despots.

Although the regular mail-service between Eng-
land and Australia cannot be in actual operation—
to and fro—before February, it may be regarded
as already in some sort virtually inaugurated.
The newly-organised Company—that of the Euro-
pean and Australian Steam Navigation—having
in a great measure by this time completed their
preliminary arrangements. Insomuch that to-mor-
row (Sunday), the 19th of this present October,
the first of their great steam-ships, the Oneida, is
to take her departure for Melbourne and Sydney,
from the Docks in which she is at this moment
lying at Southampton. Another magnificent
vessel, the Simla—one of the glories of the Pe-
ninsular and Oriental Company, magnanimously
placed by the managers of that company at the
disposal of their successful competitors for the
Australian contract with her MAJESTY'S Govern-
ment— will follow, according to the arrangements
already announced, upon the 12th of the ensuing
month cf November. The European taking its
departure in due course along the same route
upon the 12th of December, and being followed
in turn, upon the 12th of January, 1857, by the
Columbian. The two last mentioned steam-
ships now fitting out in the Clyde —while other
vessels of corresponding magnitude are at this
moment being built at Glasgow ; although it is
hardly expected any one of them can he completed
much before the early autumn of next year, either
August or September. Splendid steam-ships each
of them—one of 1,000 tons and 300-horse
power, the African, one of 2,300 tons
and 500-horse power, the Asian, another of
the same tonnage and the same horse power,
the Tasmanian, and a fourth, the largest of all,
namely of 2,800 tons and 700-horse power, the
Australian ! Such are the eight superb vessels
intended to be chartered upon the oceanic route
between England and . her antipodes when once
the mail service shall be fairly begun in earnest,
to and fro, between Sydney and Southampton via
Suez and Alexandria ! The steam-ships of the
new Company running in regular correspondence,
that is to say, on either side of the Asiatic isthmus
—thitherwards between Suez and Melbourne—
hitherwards between Southampton and Alexandria.

A communication this, to which we have long
been looking forward with an anxiety scarcely
admitting of exaggeration. A regular, direct,
speedy, reliable line of communication between
the centre of the British Empire and the most
splendid of all its many possessions, that of its
great Antarctic Continent—having now during
several years been recognised as what, in the
classic slang of your every-day puff-prospectus, is
pithily termed a desideratum. At length—here
is actually what we have all this while been
yearning to accomplish. Here, at last, it is lite-
rally and substantially secured to us—in its
entirety at a data no further removed from the
present moment than the beginning of next
February—partially even, no further off than
the forenoon of to-morrow. There is reason
in all this, we cannot but think, for a cer-
tain degree ofsober and rational exultation. Better
things are, of course, in store in the hereafter.
But already in the mail service between England
and Australia, as at this very period c:ialked out,
via Suez and Alexandria, there is an appreciable
foretastA of yet speedier intercourse between
ourselves and our colonial antipodes, a tort
of recognisable anticipatory .relish (as we may
call it) of the ultimate intimate union of
the two, by the instantaneous reciprocation of
thought, rendered possible by the magic wires of
the submarine electric telegraph. Preliminary
to all which coming wonders we have guaranteed
to us the solid boons accruing from the contract
entered into by the European and Australian
Steam Navigation Company, securing the advan-
tages of a regular, direct, speedy, reliable mail
service between Sydney and Southampton, par-
tially from Sunday next, entirely from the ensu-
ing month of February. In appropriate celebra-
tion of which same great postal enterprise, the
Directors of the European and Australian Steam
Navigation Company, gave on board the Oneida on
Tuesday last (as a report of the proceedings pub-
lished in our impression of the ensuing evening
duly intimated), a kind of inaugurative entertain-
ment. Conspicuous among the facts mentioned
at which entertainment were two. One inci-
dentally mentioned by a gentleman of autho-
rity in Tasmania (the Secretary, in Let, of the
General Postal Association of the Australian
Colonies) illustrating, in a remarkable manner,
the necessity for some more rapid interchange of
communication between Great Britain and her
Antarctic possessions—namely, the significant and
notable circumstance
circumstance that there are being educated
in Europe, upon a moderate calculation, frcrn
1,500 to 2,000 children of Australians. The
other fact coming from the lips of one no
less
eminent as a great public benefactor than
IIIowLAND HILL, the Author of the Penny

Postage system—namely, the encouraging fact,
that after all we are nearer even than the United.
States to the realisation of ELIHU BUIIRITT'S
day-dream of an uniform ocean penny postage !
For, as ROWLAND HILL explained clearly
enough, although merely a penny is charged
for the transmission of a letter from the
United States to Australia, it is, nevertheless,
at the same time subjected to an inland rate of
11-d. in America and to another of 4d. in the
colonies, making just 6d. for the entire trans-
mission. A single sixpenny postage stamp mean-
while conveying any letter (free of all further
charge) from England to her Austi alian possessions.
Encouraging considerations all these as to the
past, but, at the same time, incentives to still
larger, more ambitious, and more comprehensive
improvements.

The decision of the Horse Guards in the case o,
Cornets Lord VANE TEMPEST and BIRT can excite
but little surprise and no regret, save what may
reasonably be felt for the pain it must occasion
their friends and relatives. The ex-parte account
of the fracas given to the public was, probably, as
Lord ERNEST VANE asserts, exaggerated, but there
can be no doubt the unbiassed report of the
Court of Inquiry was of a nature which left his
Royal Highness Commanding-in-Chief no alter-
native. So far the justice of the case has been
met, and. the young scapegraces have themselves
to thank for their dismissal. Conduct like theirs
it was impossible to tolerate, or not visit with
condign punishment. This much, however, may
be said in extenuation of their offence, and it does
not go far ; by all accounts it was not only coun-
tenanced, but shared, by an older and superior
officer, Lieut. WINSTANLEY. Had his countenance
and example been wanting the deplorable out-
break might not have taken place—at all events
could not have been carried to such an extent.
In justice the Horse Guards must go further, and
give this officer an opportunity to qualify or dis-
prove the allegation , against him ; and if
unable to do so satisfactorily, we can-
not see how he should escape being cashiered.
The sooner this is . done the better for
the army, for all parties indeed the lieute-
nant perhaps excepted. imperfect justice always
leaves a rankling sting behind it, and redounds
neither to the honour nor credit of its dispensers.
Let us hope the affair will soon be numbered
with things that are past, save in the army itself,
where the fate of the offenders, it is greatly to be
desired, may operate as a useful example. Both
the offenders are young men, and with their
advantages will have abundant opportunity to
redeem the past, and become as much a credit to
their country and friends as they are now a
source of discredit and unmerited pain. The
brave old Marquis of LONDONDERRY, fortunately,
cannot feel the disgrace brought on his honoured
name—may it be the lot of the benevolent and
enterprising Marchioness to find hereafter in her
now untoward son a recompence for the grief he
must have occasioned her, not only as a mother,
but also as the lineal descendant of the distin-
guished TEMPEST family.

COURT CIRCULAR.

WINDSOR, OCT. 17

The Queen and Prince Albert, accompanied by the
Princess Royal and Princess Alice, walked and drove in
the Home Park this morning.
Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent visited her
Majesty to-day.

S:r H. Barkly had an interview with lir. Secretary
Labouchere yesterday.

The Bishop of Gibraltar, Mr. Bowen, of Trinidad,
and IVlaj)r Grant had also interviews with the Right
Hon. Secretary at the Colonial•ofgce.

Sir George Grey arrived in London on Thursday
evening from Edinburgh.
His Excellency the Prussian Minister and the
Countess Bernstorff are expected to arrive at the resi-
dence of the Prussian Legation, to-Jay, from the Con-
tinent.

His Excellency the Marquis d'Aziglio returned to the
residence of the Sardinian Legation, a few days ago, from
Turin, and has since been on a visit to Viscount and
Viscountess Palmerston, at Broadlands, Hants, and to
the Earl and Countess of Shaftesbury, at St. Giles's,
Dorset.

The Marquis and Marchioness of Stafford, who, after
the coronaticn festivities at Moscow, proceeded to St
Petersburg to embark at Cronstadt on board the noble
marquis's splendid screw steam-yacht, arrived off the
Sutherland coast, on Friday last, and shortly afterwards
disembarked, and proceeded to join the Duke and
Duchess of Sutherland at Dunrobin Castle. L

The Marquis and Marchioness of Ailesbury arrived
at their mansion, in Pall Mall, on Thursday night, from

Moscow.

The Marquis of Granby has joined the family circle,
staying with the Duke of Rutland at Belvoir Castle.
Leicestershire. There is no truth in the report of Lord
John Manners' impaired health. The statement wa'
originated by some provincial newspapers, probably
with a political object.

The Earl and Countess Granville arrived at Carlsbad
on Tuesday from Barlin, in which capital they bad math
a brief sojourn on their way from Moscow and St.
Petersburg. The noble lord contemplates a residence
of about a month at Carlsbad.

The Board of Inland Revenue now consists of six
members. The salary of the chairman will in future I)(
2,000/. Mr. Pressly, the deputy-chairman, it is
expected, will succeed the late Mr. Wood.
Toe North London goods railway was, on the occa-
sion of her Majesty's return from Scotland, first used a:.
a passenger line. Should the directors follow the
example set by the Queen, and open the line fur passen-
ger traffic, passengers will be enabled to proceed from
the Great Northern Terminus at King's-cross to the
B:ackwall Railway Station in Fenchurch-street.
A declaration has been signed between Russia and
Sardinia, by whioh all treaties in existence before tie
war again coma into force.
The Belgian Moniteur contains a convention con-
cluded with France, by which all persons attackint
Vie life of a foreign sovereign shall be liable to extra-
dition.

At the meeting of the guardians of the poor at
Marylebone, last night, the Master of the workhouse
complied with the order of the Poor-law Board by ten-
dering his resignation.
George Blake, a notorious thief, who was only two
days ago acquitted at the Middlesex sessions, was yes-
terday again fully committed fur trial from Lambeth
Police-court, for a burglary.
No gold was taken from the Bank oZ Eug'and yester-
day for exportation.
The letters from Paris yesterday are less discouraging.
The half-monthly settlements had paised off well, and
money was more easily obtainable both on the Bourse
and in the discount market.
THE ROYAL BRITISH BANK.—The solicitor of the late
Mr. Gwynne, in a letter to the Time, this morning, sap
Mr. Gwynne was a director till January, 1852, and that
the securities for the advances made to him in 1351 were
placed before the board in the same manner as those
coming from other customers. Mr. Gwynne urgently
opposed the advance on the Welsh ironworks, but way
outvoted. In conclusion, he says Mr Gwynne died of a
broken heart within three days after the publication of
the leading article in the Times on the causes of the dis-
astrous failure.
THE TREES AT THE BRITISH MUSEMNI.—A correspon-
dent of the Times this morning complains of the destruc-
tion of the trees in the garden of the British Museum.
" If one thing more than another," he says, "tends to
break the dull monotony of the streets of London and to
furm a p'easing object to the eye, it is the existence of
the few trees we have planted in the squares, and occa-
sionally in some of the open spaces at the corner or the
side of the street. This being the case, they should not
be cut down and lopped at the c tprice and whim of any
individual, more particularly when such trees are public
property, and have, from sixty years' growth, become an
ornament to the neighbourhood."

CRYSTAL PALACE.—One Shilling Day, Oct. 17.—Ad•
missions on payment, 1,655; do. by season tickets, 401;
total visitors, 2,050.

LATEST NEtivS.

TIAMBIT'RG, SATITY tpAy.

The Ministerial crisis in DE ~;mark is :at length
at an end. All remain es:c apt M. Ba ,ng. M.
Andrae is appointed Pr. 3133 ier ; M. 16-nsgaarcl,
Minister of the Interior of the whole 19.Ionareby ;
M. Krieger, hitherto in the Ministry of Schles-
wig, is now Minister of the Interior to Denmark
Proper.

viESXA, OoT.

Baron Hubner has left for Naples.
The Austrian Gazette and the OsB Deutsche Post
clnfirm the fact of a pressing note of the French
Government having arrived.
The evacuation of the Principalities by the
Austrian troops has commenced.

MADRID, 16m.

The Gazette publishes a number of decrees dis-
missing old governors of provinces and appointing
new ones. The old mode of government of the
household of the Queen has been re-established.
A. Royal decree restores to the bishops the power
of conferring Holy Orders, conformably to the
Concordat, and authorises novices to profess in
convents. M. Manresa is appointed director of

the Post-office, and M. Fernando Alvarete Under-
Secretary of State for Grace and Justice.

Intelligence from Constantinople of the 10th
states that negotiations, opened for the nomina-
tion of Reschid Pacha to the place of Grand
Vizir, had failed.
The Journal de Constantinople of the above
date pubsishes a despatch similar to that which
appeared in The Sun of yesterday, respecting the
defeat of the Russians by the Circassians. The
battle took place on the river Seba. It also says
that the Russians have been driven back from
the river Kuban, with the loss of many men and

guns.

A letter from Vienna of the 11th, in the Con-
aitutionnel, says :—" A report was current to-day
that a second despatch from Naples of General
de Martini, our plenipotentiary, had arrived, and
offered but slight hopes of a pacific solution. The
King and his courtiers believe that in case of an
extremity they can reckon on the fidelity of the
army and on the assistance of the population.
Will events justify that confidence ? M. de
Buillac, of the French Foreign-office, has arrived
here with important despatches for Baron de
Thurqueney, who had an immediate conference
with Count Buol."
Another letter from Vienna states that Baron
de Mamula, Governor of Dalmatia, has left for
fschl, in order to communicate with the Emperor
relative to the affairs of Montenegro.

The Paris correspondent of the Times (second
edition) says :

" Lord Howden, her Majesty's Minister at
Madrid, had an audience with the Emperor yes-
terday at St. Cloud. M. Turgot, the French
Minister at the same Court, was present, but I
believe no one else. The Emperor was most gra-
cious in his reception of Lord Howden, and
warmly shook hands with him on entering and
on leaving. The conversation, I understand,
turned principally on Spanish affairs in general,
and particularly on the recent, and for any other
country extraordinary, changes which have taken
place there. On a former occasion I alluded to
the same subject, which is so far important, as
it relates to the Emperor's views on the Anglo-
French alliance, and I now willingly revert to it.
I am unable to affirm whether the Emperor is dis-
satisfied with the manoeuvre which overthrew the
O'Donnell Cabinet, and which he and his Govern-
ment so little expected ; or whether he had any
decided leaning towards the late Prime Minister
of Queen Isabella more than to any other whom he
thought competent to save monarchy in Spain
from the errors of one party or the excesses of the
other ; but I have some reason to believe that
his Majesty is contented to accept the change as
an accomplished fact, and watch over the future.
But what the Emperor appears to have most at
heart, and what, if I am rightly informed, he
distinctly expressed yesterday, is that England
and France shall act cordially and thoroughly in
this as in other great questions of European in-
terest. He expressed his earnest desire that the
French and English Ambassadors at Madrid should
act so as to carry out the judicious policy of the
two Governments, and that they should heartily
co-operate with, each other.

The Paris correspondent of the Morning Pose
(second edition), in his letter of yesterday,
says :

If I am correctly informed a telegraphic
message has reached Paris which declares that
the representatives of England and Franc© had
notified to the Neapolitan Government their re-
call. As no notice whatever had been taken
of this notification by M. Carafa, the Minister
of Foreign Affairs, M. Brenier, the French
Minister, and Mr. Petre, her Britannic Ma-
jesty's representative, were about to withdraw.
I must, however, inform you that a considerable
amount of intrigue is going on in Paris in
certain quarters to influence the action of
France. The King of Naples, I hear, has had an
Tent in Paris for some days ; and if that agent
is the person named he has been employ©d by his
Majesty on more than One occasion when the
)ffices confided to him could not be performed by
). respectable diplomatic servant of the Crown.
I believe this person's mission will fail, although
some delay may be caused, as on former occa-
sions, when trickery has been resorted to.
The French and Eaglish G‘)verntnents, I hear,
have agreed not to allow Austrian intervention in
the affairs of Naples."

In a letter from Naples, dated Oot. 13, the

writer says :
"The Neapolitans are tired of waiting for the
fleets. They think grave political events are to
take place with the facility of changes at a
theatre. So some say there is no hope for them
now that France and England have thrown them
over. We hope and know better things, and aro
not disheartened nor frightened by Russian
swagger as reproduced by the Court party there.
The King will hold out to the last moment ; he
thinks he loses nothing by waiting, and he knows
there is no internal danger to be dreaded. The
people, you are aware, have no arms, no leaders,
and little confidence or reliance in one another, so
comple `,ely has Government demoralised them. The
strong point is, that the very means tl:e King
uses to hold his throne are the infringements of
international law and a direct violation of the
Federal laws of Switzerland—viz., importing the
Swiss i Without these Swiss troops King Ferdi-
nand would not remain many hours in Naples.
As it is they give him confidencel and confirm his
obstinacy. We are expecting a British steamer
every hour with imponant despatches, breaking
off diplomatic relations, The town is perfectly
, tranquil, and there will be no demonstration

unless it is got up by the Neapolitan Govern-
ment. But the defensive preparations continue,
and cannon are carried about, and ships are
manned, and there is plenty of playing at sol-
diers, in which the King delights. Some Neapo-

litan families have left town, and the city is
unusually gloomy. The King's head quarters aro
at Gaeta, which he considers as his Sebastopol."
On the fete day of the Hereditary Prince the
English and French Embassies illuminated ; not
so the Sardinian. Tho relations between this last
Power and cur Government continue hostile.

The works for the defence of the Kingdom are
continued with the greatest activity.
No modifications have as yet been made in the

Ministry.

Stock has been heavy at 10',%%

A letter from 133rlin of the 16th, in the Ger-
man, Journal of Frankfort, says :—" Count de
Hatzfeld, Prussian ambassador in Paris, who has
recently arrived here, had a long interview this
morning with M. de Manteuffel, after which he
proceeded to Potsdam, where he had an audience
with the King. Count de Hatzfeld will repre-
sent Prussia in the new conferences at Paris. The
date for the opening of these conferences has not
been fixed, but it will take place before the 15th
November. The Count returns to Paris before
the end of October. Several journals have been
wronly informed in stating that the King had
received a deputation from Neufchatel, at Hohen-
zollern."

O'Donnell received a message from the Queen,
begging him to be at the palace at half-past one in
the afternoon and to convoke the whole of the
council there for two o'clock. After having exe-
cuted the orders of her Majesty, Marshal O'Donnell
received from the mouth,of the Queen the assur-
ance that she should never forget the services which
he had rendered to the throne and to the cause of
order, but that she thought it proper to confide
the dir,:,•etiau of affairs to other Lands. Marshal
O'Donnell and the whole of his colleagues respect-
fully tendered their resignations, at which her
Majesty appeared much affected, but accepted
them. Marshal NUrvaez was then charged to form
a Ministry, and has, we understand, already suc-
ceeded in the mission confided to him, the follow-
ing being the persons who have taken office."
The list given is nearly the same as that already
made known by telegraph.

FRANCE.
PARIS, FRIDAY EVENING.
The Emporor yesterday received Mehemed Ali
Pacha, member of the Grand Council of Justice at
Constantinople, and brother of the Viceroy of
Egypt, who was presented to his Majssty by Me-
hemmed Djemil Bey, the Turkish Ambassador.
Lieut.-General Sir H. Bentinck was also presented
to the Emperor by Lord Cowley.
A Paris correspondent of the Independance of
Brussels says :—" In addition to the list of guests
I have already given, the following have received
invitations to Compeigne : Marshals Pelissier,
Bosquet, and Canrobert, M. and Male. de Labe-
doyere, M. and Mme. do Chaumont, M. and Mme.
de Gouy, M. and Mme. de Wendel, the Marquise
de Coutades, M. and Mme. de Bernis, Count Fre-
deric de Lagrange, Marshal Magnan, Mme. and
Mile. Magnan, M. Ingres, M. Auber, Count Alfred
de Vigny, &c."
BOURSE, Oct. 17.—The following were the last
quotations :

Cash. fr. a. End of Month.
4A per Cents 9l --f. —e.
3 per Cents 66 75 67 80
New Loan 66 70
Bank Shares 3,900 Roman
Credit Mobilier 1,472 50 Austrian
Belgian Fives. ..... .. 99 i Spanish Threes 4l
Piedmontese(s)
__ b 9 50 Home Debt