The Sun.
London, England, 1851-01-21 00:00:00

GERMANY

Oa the 16th inst. the Minister of Commerce a
Berlin had an interview with the President of the
Cabinet on the subject of the affairs of the ZAlverein.
The Kolner Zeitung, which contains this news, states
that it is now quite certain that Baron Manteuffel is
resolved not to yield to Austria on this point.
The same paper mentions certain rumours, which
it appears have gained no inconsiderable share of
credit at Berlin, of an army of 50,000 men, which, it
is said, Austria intends to concentrate in the north of
Germany. With respect to these rumours the Kolner
Zeitung declares that they are unfounded, and that
Austria, far from concentrating so large an army in
the north, has not even sent the full number of
troops to Holstein, which she was authorized
by the Olmutz treaty to employ in the pacifi-
cation of the Duchies. It is, however, worthy of
notice that the Lithozraphirte Correspondenz, a
Ministerial journal, thinks proper to allude to this
alleged concentration of Austrian troops in a manner
which is evidently calculated to alarm the public.
The Ministerial journal concludes by stating that
Prussia too intends to reinforce the troops which are
marching upon Holstein.
Another paragraph of the same paper states that
the Prussian Government has asked for the reasons of
this Austrian concentration of troops, and that the
reasons have been stated by the Cabinet of Vienna.
Nevertheless the Lithographirte Correspondenz thinks
itself called upon to protest that the fact of the con-
cenkration of troops is of great importance.
The Weser Zeitung states from Hanover, that for the
purpose of preventing the soldiers who have been
dismissed from the Holstein army from infesting the
country as vagrants, the Hanoverian Government
has consented to convey these soldiers by rail to the
various stations on the frontiers of the kingdom. It
was expected that not less than 9,000 soldiers would
pass through Hanover into the various states of Ger-
many.

Al. Beseler, late Stadtholder of Holstein, has ar.
rived at Brunswick.

The Austrian troops reached the capital of the
kingdom of Hanover on the 17th instant.

The Constitutionel has the following paragraph
from Dresden, in reference to the arrangement of the
votes of the States in the revised Bands :
" In the new enyer-Rath, or smaller council, after sub-
tracting the votes of Austria and Prussia, three voices
will remain,which will be distributed as follows :—One to
the two Hesses and Baden; the second will be divided be-
tween Nassau, Oldenburg, the two Meeklenburgs, Bruns-
wick, and the Hanse Towns; the third among the other
small states, including Holstein, Luxemburg, and Lim-
burg. Prussia and Austria have two votes each, and
each of the other kingdoms one, making nine curice with
n votes. In the plenum Austria and Prussia will have
10 votes each, and the whole number will be increased
from 69 to 80."

The same Journal states that the Executive will have
at its command 135,000 men, to which Austria will
contribute 30,000, Prussia 30,000, Bavaria 15,000,
and the other kingdoms each 10,000 men. In the
Hessian question it is said Prussia has proposed that it
shall be submitted to a court of arbitration of the
Bund, as soon as one can be formed, but that the
Elector will not accept the proposition.

THE SPANISH DEBT.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Slll.—Will you afford me space to correct an error
into which a correspondent, under the signature of "A
Daily Reader," has fallen in your journal of the
18th instant. Don Xavier de lituritz, to whom your
correspondent alludes in a manner which I shall not
characterize, had nothing to do, officially or other-
wise, with the " Home Three per Cent. debt,"
whereby, according to your correspondent, foreign
creditors were defrauded. The scheme in question
owed its origin to the genius of the Finance Minister,
Senor Mon, who was absolute in his department of
administration.

I shall not go over, with so irate a eompagnon
du voyage as your correspondent, the beaten track
of the Spanish marriages ; nor shall I permit myself
to notice, in extenso, the uncalled-for allusion relative
to the graceful hospitalities of the Duke of Somerset.
With that generous impartiality which has ever
animated your journalism, I trust you will give in-
sertion to this note in The Sun as early as possible.
I am, Sir, yours, &c.,
H. G. S.
19, Cecil-street, Strand, Jan. 19, 1851.

CURRENCY REFORM.
PUBLIC MEETING IN YORK.
(From the York Herald of Saturday.)
The members of the York Farmers' Club, farmers,
and all others interested in the success of agriculture,
having been invited, by public advertisement, to bear
an explanation from the Rev. John Twells, of Perle-
thorpe, near 011erton, Nottinghamshire, of the nature
of the currency laws, and their injurious tendency on
all classes, but on the agriculturist body in particular,
a public meeting accordingly took place on Thursday
last, at the farmers' club room, Elephant and Castle
Inn , Skeldergate. The attendance was not very
numerous, but the remarks of the reverend gentleman
were listened to with very great attention throughout,
by those who were present.
Mr. Wm. PHILLIPS, the secretary to the club, ob-
served that in this question Mr. Twells had taken a
great interest, but that gentleman being now on a
visit to a friend of his at Strensall, he had thought it
desirable that the farmers in this district should have
an opportunity of hearing Mr. Twells' remarks on the
currency laws, the operation of which affeet all classes
of the community. There was a gentleman present
with regard to whom he might say this question was
not foreign to his business ; he alluded to Mr. New-
man, the actuary and secretary to the Yorkshire In-
surance Company, who, he would propose, should
take the chair on this occasion.
The motion having been carried,

Mr. NEWMAN said he had no doubt they would be
all aware that the currency question was one in which
they were not only interested themselves, but the
kingdom at large. It was not possible that the con-
sideration of a subject, which embraces so many im-
portant points, could be supposed to be confined within
the narrow sphere of that room, and therefore they
must be content to hear what was said to them, take
the matter home with them, and not make up their
minds in a hurry, as the subject was one which
required a quiet and calm consideration. It was
their duty to give a fair and candid hearing to the
gentleman who was about to address them, and, as
Englishmen, to come to no other conclusion than that
which would be borne out by sound reason. He
pointed out the importance of having a measure
which is always the same, and not a variable one,
which he illustrated by putting it to the meeting
whether they would like us, on going to Mr. Day's
shop to purchase cloth, to have it measured by a
thirty inch measure, when a twelvemonth previously
it was measured by ene of thirty• six inches. If not,
neither would they wish, if they lent 1001., to find
that a year hence that sum had decreased in value.
The Rev. J. TWaLLS said, availing himself of a visit
to a friend to whom reference had been made, he had
done himself the:pleasure of meeting the members of
the York Farmers' Club, because, residing as he did
in an agricultural district, it would be impossible
for him not to feel considerable sympathy with the
distressed and suffering state of the great body of
the agriculturists. It would be impossible for him
to witness a large, industrious, and enterprising
body of men now being ground down, as it were,
to the very earth, without bitter regret at what he
considered their undeservedly hard lot. But he
appeared there that day not merely to express his
sympathy with them as a farming body, but to do
what, if possible, is far more important, to suggest the
best remedy for the existing state of the agricultural
interest. It was not, however, merely on that ac-
count that he should call their attention to the cur-
rency question ; it was because he sincerely believed
that all the industrial interests of the country are
deeply involved in this important question, and that it
has a most important bearing on all other interests.
In addition to that, he stood there to advocate
this question, not only as a man and an English-
man, but as a clergyman, for he, in his heart and
conscience, believed that the moral, the social,
and the religious condition of the great mass
of the people was involved in it. He wished
the meeting to consider well his remarks, for
however erroneous some persons might consider his
opinions, they were not opinions which had been
formed in a hurry. He believed this country could
never permanently prosper as long as the existing
monetary system which is established by Sir Robert
Peel's Bills of 1819 and 1844 remain in existence. It
would be well for him to refer to two or three autho-
rities on the importance of the subject. First he
named Sir James Graham, and then quoted from a
circular published in December last, by Mr. CT. F.
Young, chairman of the committee of the National
Society for the Protection of British Industry' r .
Young recommends tothe British agriculturist
an energetic demand for a revision and an amend-
ment of the present currency laws, which
not merely embarrassed the action of the protec-
tive laws, while they existed, but if they got this pro-
tection back again impede
, those laws would again
and neutralise their action. Whether that opinion
was true or false, he considered it was entitled to due
respect; at all events, he thought it called on them,
as sensible and reasoning men, to devote their best
consideration to a subject which one of their admit•
tedly best friends so pointedly call their attention to.
—(Hear.) Let it be remembered that every farmer
is a corn and cattle dealer, and also a money dealer.
In the time of our early Saxon kings, the taxes
were received in kind—wages and and all
payments
were made by the farmers in kind. William the
Conqueror introduced the system of receiving the
taxes in money, and from that time every
man who lives by the labour of his hands, or every
man who lives by the labour of other men, is a party
interested in the money question ; for this reason, that
by the law of the land, money is the only legal ten-