The Sun.
London, England, 1856-09-29 00:00:00

AMERICA

LIVERPOOL, SATURDAY MORNING.

ARRIVAL OF THE PERSIA.

The mail steam-ship Persia has arrived, with ad-
vices from New York to the 17th inst.

She has brought $1,563,646 specie on freight.
Our New York correspondent writes:—" The
steam-ship Cambria arrived at Boston on the 13th
of September, and the Arabia on the 14th. The
Atlantic reached New York on the 15th inst. A
letter had been published from Mr. Johnston, the
Know-Nothing Free-soil candidate for the Presi-
dency, declining the nomination, and declaring his
adhesion to Mr. Fremont. This letter was said to
have been surreptitiously obtained. The Whigs were
to hold a Convention at Baltimore on 17th to nomi-
nate candidates for the Presidency and Vice-Presi-
dency. It was supposed they would declare in favour
of Mr. Fillmore. The Republicans were to hold
conventions at Trenton, in New Jersey, and at
Syracuse, in New York, on the same day. The
news from Lima is to the 15th ult. A revolt had
broken out among the troops. The insurgents
numbered 500 or GOO men, under General Castillo.
When apprised of the revolt the President mus-
tered those troops which had remained loyal,
to the number of 600 or 700, and proceeded to attack
the insurgents, who had taken possession of the
square of the Inquisition. After some skirmishing
and a cavalry charge, the insurgents were compelled
to retreat out of the city, and the insurrection, for
the time being at least, was suppressed. The
populace were much excited during the day, but
took no part in the affair."
Placido De Castro, who has been on trial before
the United States' district court, charged with fit-
ting out the slave brig Braman, was acquitted yes-
terday.
Judge Lecompte, of Kansas, has written a long
letter in vindication of his course in sustaining the
action of the Missouri border ruffians. The letter
is in answer to the speech of the Hon. Schuyler
Colfax, of Indiana, made in the House of Repre-
sentatives, and seems to be a personal affair alto-
gether.
The George Law had arrived from California.
The news was important and interesting. The
Vigilance Committee had disbanded, having dis-
charged Judge Terry with a recommendation to
resign. The termination of the existence of the
committee was not marked by further disasters or
violence. The forces of the committee paraded in
full force, numbering several thousand men.
Many were mounted and fully equipped for cavalry
service.

The London correspondent of the New York
_Herald has furnished that journal with the follow-
ing copy of the treaty for the arrangement of the
Central American questions :

" CONVENTION BETWEEN GREAT BRITAIN AND HONDII•

RASA RELATIVE TO THE BAY ISLANDS.

"Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland and the Republic of Honduras
being desirous to settle, in a friendly manner, certain
questions connected with the territorial limits of the
Republic, have resolved to conclude a convention for
that purpose, and have named as their Plenipotentiaries,
ac., who have agreed upon and concluded the follow-
ng articles :

"Art. 1. Taking into consideration the peculiar topo-
graphical position of Honduras, and in order to secure the
neutrality of the islands adjacent thereto, with reference
to any railway or other line of inter-oceanic communica-
tion which may be constructed across the territories of
Honduras, her Britannic Majesty and the Republic of
Honduras agree to constitute and declare the islands of
Ruatan, Bonacca, Helena, Utile, and Barbaretta, situ-
ated in the Bay of Honduras, a free territory under the
sovereignty of the Republic of Honduras. The present
legislative, judicial, and executive authorities in said
island shall remain in the exercise of their functions
until the Legislative Assembly of the said islands may
otherwise provide, with, however, the following excep-
tions :—All functions hitherto exercised by the Crown
of Great Britain, and by the Governor of Jamaica, in the
government and legislature of the said island shall cease
from the date of the proclamation of this convention
therein, and such proclamation shall be made as soon as
possible after the exchange of ratifications. All functions
hitherto exercised by the superintendent of the British
settlements in the Bay of Honduras, in the capacity of
Lieutenant Governor of the said islands, and by the pre-
siding magistrate therein resident, in the government
and legislation of the said islands, shall cease six months
after the date abovewentioned, unless the Legislative
Assembly shall sooner provide substitutes for the above-
mentioned functionaries. The inhabitants of the free
territory shall then possess the following rights and im-
munities :

"1. The right to govern themselves by means of their
own municipal government, to be administered by legi-
timate, executive, and judicial officers of their owa elec.
tion, according to their own regulations.
• "2. Trial by jury in their own courts.
" Perfect freedom of religious belief and worship, pub.
lie and private.
" 4. Exemption from all duties of customs and from
all taxation on real estate or other property, except such
as may be imposed by their own municipality, and col-
lected for the treasury of the free territory, to be applied
for the benefit of the said free territory.
"5. Exemption from military service,fexcept for the
defence of the free territory and within its bounds.
"The Republic of Honduras engages not to excercise
its rights of sovereignty over the islands which are to
constitute such free territory in any manner in violation
of the rights and immunities specified in this article.
The Republic also engages not to erect nor to permit to
be erected any fortification on the said islands or any
of the islands in the Bay of Honduras ; nor to cede such
islands or any of them, or the right of sovereignty over
such islands, or any part of such sovereignty, to any na-
tion or State whatever ; and whereas slavery has not
existed in the said islands the Republic of Honduras
hereby engages that slavery shall not at any time here-
after be permitted to exist therein.

" Art. 2.—The contracting parties agree to communi-
cate the present convention to all other maritime Powers
and to invite them to accede to it.

" Signed in London this day of —, in the year
of our Lord, 1856.

" CLARENDON.
" HERRAN."

The difficulties in Kansas wore still unsettled.-
Advices thence to the 10th say that the State pri-
soners were released o❑ bail.

Governor Geary had issued a proclamation com-
manding all armed bands to disperse.
Emery's band had been taken before Gen. Smith
for arresting an officer of the regular army.
A fort capable of holding 1,000 men hail just
been finished at Laurence.

There was a great jubilee at Laurence on the
10th in consequence of the release of the State
prisoners.

- The citizens of New York, Baltimore, Boston,
and other cities were Taking preparations to give
public receptions to Air. George Peabody. of Ifni-
don, on the occasion of his return to America. He
was to attend a public dinner in New York, over
which Mr. Bancroft, late Minister of Loudon, was
to preside. Mr.. Everett was to preside over a
similar affair in Boston.

Sir Henry Holland had arrived at New York.
Money was comparatively easy.
Exchange 1091 to 1092.
The entire semi-monthly remittance from San
Francisco amounted to about $2,000,000.

NEW YORK, SEPT. 17.

-- -
The Cambria arrived at Boston on Saturday the
13th inst., and the Arabia at the same port on the
14th. The Atlantic also arrived at this port on the
15th, and the three mails were delivered the same
day. The latter vessel also brings Mr. George Pea-
body of London, who has been received with almost
public ovations. Delegations were awaiting him
from all parts of the country to invite him to par-
take of hospitalities both private and .civic. The
arrival of an American whose hospitalities in Europe
to his countrymen visiting the Old World have been
so unremitting and so colossal, and whose labours
to promote international good feeling and personal
friendship between the substantial men on both
sides of the water have been so constant, lulls for
a moment the noise of politics in New York. The
New York of to-day must present a curious aspect
to a person whose recollections of it were formed a
quarter of a century since. Even in the Old
World each passing year leaves some change behind
to mark it. See what three years have done for
Paris in the extension of the rue de Rivoli, the ab-
solute creation of the park in the Bois de Boulogne.
The London of the beginning of the century and
the London of to-day were very different affairs,
so far as street architecture is concerned.l But
in this bustling town there is not only nothing
left of the last century, but even little of the last
decade. We are in a perpetual state of siege. Our
streets present much the same appearance that we
see in the drawings of Sebastopol in the Illustrated
News. One street, or one range of streets, is no
sooner destroyed to make way for newer and more
magnificent warehouses than- the mason and the
joiner fellow to the next above to go through the
same process there. Broadway, our principal pro-
menade, is almost impassable in places from the
mass of building materials on each side. And then
we have a way of embowelliug the earth deeper than
any other nation. Our new warehouses in height
above ground rival the rear of High-street, Edin-
burgh, and in depth below the same houses seen
from the street front. When the workmen leave
and the streets are restored to business you see
ranges of marble and sandstone " blocks," unsur-
passed in elegance, and certainly much too good for
the purposes to which they are put.
The town has
also pushed itself out in every direction, or rather
in the only direction in which it can extend—
namely, up the island ; and the visitor of 20 years
ago, now returning, finds a succession of squares
and streets miles beyond where were grass and
trees when he knew the town. .

There is little news of importance in the political
world. Governor Johnston, of Pennsylvania, no.