The Sun.
London, England, 1834-09-13 00:00:00

FRENCH PAPERS.

(From the Moniteur of Wednesday.)
A Carlist bulletin, stating that Bergara had been taken
by the Pretender on the sth, has lately been industriously
circulated in Bayone. The truth is, that the insurgents
had penetrated for a moment as far as Bergara, and they
were repulsed with considerable loss, by the garrison and
the inhabitants.
By a Royal order dated the 28th of August, and inserted
in the Madrid Gazette of the 3d instant, the sequester
laid on the property of Don Carlos is to cease, and the re-
venues thereof are to revert to the Royal Treasury.
(From the Indicateur de Bourdeaux of Wednesday.)
The statu quo continues on the other side of our fron-
tiers. Rodil was on the evening of the 6th in the valley
of Bastan, with 12,000 men. In the night of the 3d and
4th he established his head-quarters in Elisondo, and
caused St. Estevan to be occupied by a strong column. In
both he has caused fortifications to be raised, which evi-
dently are not meant to serve a temporary purpose only, as
he has given orders that all the disposable masons of the
province should proceed thither to assist in the work.
There is also some idea of fortifying Urdache and Zuga-
ramundy. About 1,000,000 f. to be sent from Bayonne to
Rodil for that purpose. He has already received 500,000 f.
Zamalacarregui was on the 3d at Enlate, in the Ames-
coas. Desertion continues from the ranks of the insurgents.
It has spread to the 6th battalion of Navarre. About
2,000 insurgents, who were on the evening of the 3d at
Lesaca, have quitted that place on being apprised,
through their spies, of the approach of Jauregui, who in
fact arrived on the 4th at Vera with three battalions of 800
men each. _ . .

The Carlists are still in expectation of receiving arms
through the French frontier. They proceed in that direc-
tion always with the hope of getting them, or at least sup-
plies of other necessaries, of which they are in extreme
want. Early in the morning of the 4th a numerous body
of them was seen only a short distance from the French
post, where they had been passing the night.
Don Carlos was from the 2d to the 4th on the high road
to Villabona, on his way to Biscay. The monks of that
town followed him.
Three hundred muskets and some sabres were seized in a
farm in the Bastan. They had been brought from France
the day before.

( From the National of Sept. 10, 1834.
We have received to-day, by express, news from Madrid
of as late a date as the night of the 3d. On that day a
resolution, concurred in by all the members present, was
come to by the Chamber of Proceres, declaring Don Car-
los and his family incapable of inheriting the Crown. The
Chamber of Procuradores did not meet, but on the follow-
ing day the discussion on the articles of the important peti-
tion respecting the declaration of rights would be resumed.
Some very animated discussions have taken place in the
Committee of Finance, the result of which has been to
show that the opinions of the Committee were divided on
the evening of the 3d in the following manner :—Five mem-
bers declared themselves in favour of the full recognition of
the loans of the Cortes, capital and arrears of interests in-
cluded, and for the complete repudiation of the Royal
loans. Four members, on the contrary, voted in favour of
the acknowledgment of all the foreign loans whether ante-
rior or posterior to 1823. These members were, however,
of opinion that the payments of the interest should be entirely
suspended until the Chambers should be in a position to act
with respect to the general budget, and to determine the na-
ture and the amount of the resources which could be ap-
plied to the payment of the dividends. The majority
consisted of MM. Flores Estrada, President ; Garcia Car-
rasco, Secretary ; the Count de Las-Navas ; the Marquis
de Monteviergen, and Miralda. The minority who declared
in favour of the recognition of all the loans, leaving the set-
tlement of the interest to a future period, consisted of MM.
Gargollo, Aguirre Solarte, Crespo de Taxada, and the Mar-
quis de Somervelo. From these two divisions it will be
seen that Count Toreno's plan will be completely overturned.
The opinion of the majority appears to be too much im-
pressed with passion, and too lightly founded on reason, to
induce us to think that it will be adopted by the Chamber
of Procuradores. Independently of there being something
ungenerous in annulling a debt which France supports by
its influence, at the precise time when, whether willingly or
unwillingly, we are rendering services to the present Go-
vernment of Spain, it is not to be supposed that the Cham-
ber will acknowledge entirely the loan of the Cortes, when
the Exchange at London have, in an address to the Queen
of Spain, admitted the reduction of the half proposed by
Count Toreno. It would indeed be a novel sight to see
a debtor, loaded with obligations, anxious to pay his ere-
i...f the double of what he demands. The opinion
of the minority is certainly Innett moi, equitable in
form ; but it is, in reality, a great deal too vague
about the amount of the interest. To acknowledge en-
tirely the capital of a perpetual debt, and to leave in
suspense the amount of interest to be paid, is in fact to do
nothing : for the value of such a debt is regulated by the
quantity of revenue which it represents. The capital is a
thing purely nominal. The interest is everything ; it is that
alone which serves as a base for determining its selling price.
The delays of the committee, their boggling, and their ter-
giversation, are inconceivable ; and they cause bitter com-
plaints at Madrid. The pure and simple adoption of Count
Toreno's plan would put an end to all this uncertainty,
which is only advantageous to speculators who are wide
awake. The small rent-holders only are the victims of these
alternations of rise and fall.

(From the Constitutionnel of Thursday.)
SPANISH FINANCE.—ARTICLE 2.
In our first article, we showed that in the present state of
her finance,,, Spain was not in a condition to pay at the
present moment both the interest of the Constitutional
debt, and the interest of the Absolutist debt. This is a fact,
with respect to which all the world is agreed, and which
cannot be seriously disputed. All wise men are also agreed,
that it would be equally unjust to sacrifice either one or
other of these two debts. Indeed, the greater number of
the present holders of Spanish stock are small capitalists,
who thought they were acting prudently in placing their
little savings in these loans, because they derived
from them the greatest profit. The speculators, whom
it might be desirable to reach, and the rogues, whom
it would be desirable to punish, by a declaration of
bankruptcy, have long since withdrawn, leaving their un-
fortunate dupes exposed to the consequences of events.
Admitting, then, that re-actions may be made in financial
affairs, still the vengeance of the Cortes would not fall on
the veritable spoliators of Spain. Thus, even in this point
of view, the declaration of a bankruptcy would fail of
having that political effect which has been ascribed to it.
Count Toreno is, in the first place, subject to the reproach
of having neglected to demonstrate by evident and conclu-
sive facts the necessity of the measure which he presented
to the Cortes. For the sake of that measure itself, and
above all, for the sake of Spanish honour, it was essential
to show that no other plan could be proposed without peril.
Besides, the Minister should have seen that he had ground
for hope in the future, and in the resources of the nation ;
and this is precisely what is our intention to prove to such
of our fellow-citizens as are interested in this important
matter. In fact, Spain possesses immense resources,
but they are badly cultivated, and some of them are
scarcely known to the Government. At the present
moment the finances of Spain are administered much in
the same way as the finances of France were before
the reign of 1-1&-nry IV. The people contribute much,
and the public treasury receives little. Is it conceivable,
indeed, that a state containing upwards of 12,000,000
of inhabitants should not derive from taxation more than
150,000,000 francs clear ? By the same rule France
would not be able to dispose of more than 400,000,000
francs annually. Is it conceivable that the tithe alone paid
to the priests and the monks amounts to more than
80,000,000 francs, and that the Spanish government does
not possess the means of regularly paying the army ?
In Spain the system of collection is arranged in a most de-
plorable manner. The revenue is collected by a number of
petty farmers, intermediate parasites between the contri-
butors and the Treasury, to which they suffer but a small
portion of the sums raised from the people to go. The
whole of Europe knows the constant state of collusion in
which all officers of customs live ; who add to their small
emoluments the immense profits of the smuggler. Every
thing is sold and bought in this country—even things which
ought never to be sold or bought. The judicial police and
custom-house authorities are as venal as the mass and the
sacraments. There is even an item in the budget for the
souls in purgatory, which does not amount to less than
• 10,000,000 francs annually, and for which the collectors
place a supplemental box at the door of every church.
It ought to have been the object of the new Spanish
Government to put an end to the abuses, and to divert
to other courses the immense sums which superstition
and the ancient laws caused to flow into the hands of
priests and monks. Even without having recourse to
violent measures of confiscation, wl:ich can only be ren-
dered profitable by time, especially when directed against
the church in a country where the church bag a great
deal of influence, it is possible to augment the pu,,.!ic
resources, and to raise them, sooner or later, to a level with
the public necessities. This is what Count Toreno does
not appear to have perceived, and it is on this head that
we may reproach him with having shown himself a timid
politician as well as an improvident administrator. Spain
has resources which require to be well cultivated. She
possesses a soil fertile in all sorts of productions, abundant
flocks,- eats of olive-trees; provinces rich in silks and
I;;fcCivines, which may be made a new source of richness
„...--- - . to hei'. W+l e such guarantees for the future exist, would it
be "equitabies or modest on the part of the Cortes to create
~4 -- - categories of creditors, as the infamous Government of Fer-
t...Y.'-.! dinand did after the restoration? Would they imitate those
whost conduc has been branded and disavowed? In fine,
r -. Count Tor o's project, as we have before said, is middle
-.--

transaction between the project of the Cortes not to pay the'
absolutist loans, and the necessity which does not allow of
their being paid fully and simultaneously with the loan
of the Cortes. Not being able to pay them together, and
not wishing to sacrifice one to the other, the Spanish
Minister proposes to reduce them both. We are of opi-
nion that in the course of time it would not be found neces-
sary to reduce either, if the Government only proceeded de-
cidedly in the path of improvement. It would be sufficient
to declare that that portion of the arrears by necessity made
passive would be reimbursed after a given delay, necessary
for the restoration of the Spanish finances. But we must
not conceal the fact that the spirit of the new assembly is
too much inclined to a system of reaction to allow us to
hope that equity will preside over all its acts. A great
number of deputies have just arrived from exile, or come out
prison, still galled by the weight of their chains. Conse-
quently, they are but little disposed to pay the loans which
have furnished the Government with the means of forging
those chains. Martinez de la Rosa himself, the present
Minister, was under the necessity, a few years ago, of com-
posing a melo-drame for the theatre Port St. Martin, at
Paris, for the purpose of procuring subsistence. Would it
not be some little virtue on the part of these men to ac-
knowledge a debt which had its origin in their misfortunes ?
We are still of opinion that, for the sake of their own in-
terest, they will do right to acknowledge it. Whatever pro-
jects of ameliorations may be attributed to the liberal party
in the Cortes, whatever administrative genius may be ac-
corded to the Ministers whom the Cortes may force
upon the Queen, the state of a people, brutalized by
monks, with respect to industry and finance, cannot
be changed in a 'day. The Cortes themselves may be
forced to have recourse to a loan for their own defence, and
might lose, in punishment for their iniquity, much more
than that iniquity would bring to their country. To de-
clare a bankruptcy is a resource after the fashion of knaves,
but is unworthy of a nation uhich possesses the certain
elements of credit, which may be consolidated by care, good
administration, and good faith. Count Toreno's plan is a
sort of avowal of the weakness of the present Ministry. If
they had pointed out to the assembly the prospect of the
future—if they had promised vast projects of reform, and
measures which should withdraw Spain from the state of
torpor in which she is now sunk—doubtless the most ultra
of the members would have shrunk from the aspect of a
bankruptcy, which must be rendered still more hideous by
the possibility which exists of avoiding it. But when we
see these Ministers, ignorant of the exigencies of the times,
and of the feeling of the Chambers, cavilling about peti-
tions, and quibbling, like lawyers, that the question should
be passed by, instead of being fully discussed, we cannot
but fear that their financial projects will have the same fate
as their political expedients, and that the Government of
Spain will become in their hands a charge beyond their ca-
pacity. And yet what happier occasion ever offered itself
to Ministers to regenerate a country !

(From the Temps of Thursday.)
The following bulletin was communicated to-day to the
numerous visiters who called at the hotel of the President
of the Council :—" The Marshal has passed a very bad
night. The gout, which was in the knees, has to-day
ascended to the thighs. For the last eight days the Marshal
has not left his bed. The dreadful sufferings which he has
experienced have greatly weakened him ; still he has never
ceased to give and to sign official orders."
(From the Gazette de France of Thursday.)

The reply of the Cabinet of the Tuileries to the note of
the Prussian Minister, demanding the restoration of M. de
Bardewisch, Consul at Bayonne, to the exercise of his
functions, was not long delayed. M. de Rigny grounds his
refusal to restore the Prussian Consul to the exercise of his
functions on the right of the Government to grant or refuse
the exequatur, and persists in maintaining that M. de
Bardewisch has shown himself hostile to the French Go-
vernment, and to the policy by which she is guided, in
acting against an allied Government. The diplomatic world
is deeply agitated by this affair.
(From Galignani's Messenger, Thursday. )
-

The Tribune states that M. Dupont de l'Eure has an-
nounced to one of his colleagues his intention to resign his
seat in the Chamber of Deputies on the resumption of the
session, and adds, that the hon. deputy has long been con-
vinced of the inefficiency of Parliamentary means in a
chamber produced by monopoly.
A new creation of Commissaries of Police is spoken of
for the southern provinces, which form the second boundary
line of the Pyrenees. Their mission will be to discover
depots of arms and ammunition, which are supposed to be
concealed in those parts, and which Legitimatist speculators
endeavour to transmit to the partisans of Don Carlos in
Biscay and Navarre.—Constitutionnql. -
A. letter of the 7th inst. from Bordeaux says—" The
lugger Frederic is lying at anchor in our roadstead. Seals
have been put on the chests containing 1,000 muskets
(not 1,500 as at first stated). It is worth while stating,
that those who gave the order received 40,000 fr., though
the gunsmith was paid only 17,000 francs, showing that the
Legitimatists set their zeal at a high price. The sojourn
of Madame Zumalacarregui at the Hotel de la Providence
has rendered this house a focus for the intrigues of the
Legitimatists. Orders have, however, been received for
her removal from Bordeaux within 24 hours. She has her
choice either to return to Spain, escorted by the Municipal
Guards, or to proceed to Tours or Limoges."
Extract of a letter from Bayone of the Gth inst. —" On
the 4th, some arms being expected to arrive at the Pas-
sage, a numerous party of insurgents went to Sarre to be
ready to receive them, but waited in vain at a farm in the
neighbourhood throughout the night and the whole of yes-
terday, for the arms never arrived, as they had been seized
at Bordeaux. We will not repeat the strange reports
which have been circulated here respecting the persons who
made the contract for them with the Royal Junta. At
three in the morning of the 4th, a patrol found lying in the
street called Bourneuf, in this town, an enormous bundle of
pamphlets in the Spanish language, written against the
Queen's Gevernment. It is evident that they were left
there for the purpose of being distributed, but the intention
failed, as they were all carried to the Sub-Prefecture."
The Augsburg Gazette of the 7th inst., has the follow-
ing from Vienna of the 2d :—" The Emperor and Empress
arrived at Brunn on the 30th ult., and were received with
the warmest demonstrations of joy by the people. The
Crown Prince of Bavaria left Vienna this morning for
Brunn, at which place the troops have been encamped for se-
veral days past. The Count de Montbel, the French ex-
Minister, who was the soul of polished society here, is now la-
bouring under deranged intellects. The germ of this dis-
tressing malady has been long since discovered in him.
One of its earliest symptoms was a habit of fixing his
eyes staringly upon the countenances of individuals,
with whom he associated. This was first perceived soon
after the events of July, which both he and his family
greatly took to heart. Hence, his friends were most agree-
ably surprised when they heard of his projected marriage
with the beautiful young Countess Zigray, and which has
since been celebrated. It was hoped that this desirable
union would dissipate the melancholy which pervaded the
mind of the unfortunate gentleman, and which even his in-
tellectual attainments were unable to subdue. This expecta-
tion has not, however, been realized. Scarcely were the
seemingly-happy bonds contracted at the altar, when the
disease gained the ascendancy. His melancholy became
more profound ; and notwithstanding the affectionate care
and attentions of his young consort, he cannot divest him-
self of the idea that he is being dragged to the scaffold for
having betrayed State secrets. The Count and Countess
are now gone to Prague. Our last accounts speak of a
slight amendment." Our funds to-day are, 5 per Cent. Me-
tallies, ; 4 per Cent. ditto, 881- ; Bank Actions, 1,287-1,.
The Berlin State Gazette of the sth instant remarks,
that fires have so multiplied in Germany, especially in the
district of the Iser, that no doubt can be entertained of their
being the work of a band of incendiaries. In Rosenheim six
houses have been burnt down. On this occasion an Israelite,
named Nathan, saved five children from the flames. He
was unsuccessful in a sixth attempt, and the unhappy babe
perished. Accounts from Stockholm state that the cholera
is spread throughout the greatest part of Sweden. In the
capital alone 197 persons had been attacked, of whom 77
died. The Gazette quotes the Prussian Funds on the 4th,
4 per Cents. cash 99, paper 99k.
The Friend of the People, a Bavarian journal, gives a
letter f'rom Nauplia, dated August 15th, which speaks in
the following terms of the change in the Regency of Greece
which we have already announced The two new mem-
bers of the Regency, the Councillor of State De Kobel],
and the Privy Councillor De Kleuze, arrived unexpectedly
here from Patras on the Ist inst. They came by land.
They were received with the most marked demonstrations
of welcome, and immediately installed in their elevated
office. The Councillors of State De Maurer and Abel
were at the same time relieved from their functions.
Count D'Armansperg and his party, who form a large
majority, celebrated the signal triumph they have thus
gained. M. de Kleuze has been nominated an Aulic Coun-
cillor. The whole town is filled with joy, as great hopes
are entertained from this change in the Administration."
The Diario di Ronza of the 27th ult. contains the follow-
church dedicated to him. According to cus-
ing On the 25th the Feast of St. Louis was celebrated
in the Frentlil_
was held at which Cardinal Piatti,
vi„gz7ent of Rome, celebrated
tom, a chapel of care,.._.
Archbishop of Trebizonde,
mass pontifically. The Pope entered :,;;;', church at
twelve o'clock, and after having made his adorations -a
the altar of St. Louis, went into the Sacristy, where
be admitted the clergy attached to the church, and several
other persons of distinction, to kiss his foot. His Holiness
was received at his entrance, and attended at his departure,
by the Charge d'Affaires of the King of the French, and by
Cardinal Taveau, Superior of the Church. On his return
to the Quirinal Palace, the Pope was greeted by the people
with loud acclamations."
Extract of a letter of the 3th ult. from Bologna :—" The