The Sun.
London, England, 1856-09-17 00:00:00

Rolla, by Mr. C. Kean ; Flvira, by Mr.. C. Kean.

To eltic!:irie with
A PRIME FOR AN TIMM

THEATRE ROYAL, TI AY Nf A [MET.
Undcr thr Management of Mr. Bucketona

THTI EVF.NINC4,
snE STOOPS TO CONQUER.
Followed by
EL GANIBITSINO.
After which,
CHARLES THE SECW;D.
To ron3lude with
THE DOCTOR IN LOVE.

ROYAL LYCEUM TTIEATRIr.
Under the management or Mr. Charles Dillon,

TIII3 EVENING,
• BE f.I"HEGOR.
Belphegor, Mr. Chas. Dillon ; Madeline, Mrs. Chas. Dillon.
To be followed byeW. Bron",h's new Burl-wine,
PERDITA, THE ROYAL MILKMAID ; or, a Winter's Tale.
Florizel, Mrs. A. Mellon (late miss Wool 'ar) ; Autolycus, Mr. J.
L. Tonle; Hermione, Mrs. Rockingham White; Leontes, Mr. .4.
Calhaem ; Polixines, King of Itithynia, Mr, Wm. Er .11,11 (his first
appearance on any stage) ; Fast Time, MISS Harriet Gordon ; Per-
dila, Miss Marie Wilton; kntigonus, Barrett. Miss Rosina
Wright, and a grand Corps de Ballet.
Stalls. ss. ; Dress Circle 4s. ; Tipper Boxes, 3e. ; Pit 25.; Gallery.
Is. Commence at 7. Half•prica to all parts at 9. Box Office open
'daily from 11 till 4.

ROYAL TIIE VPRE ADELPITI.
Proprlator and Manager, Mr. B. Webster.
Directress. Madame Ceieste.
T FETA EVENTING,

IRELAND AS IT lA.
Followed by
DOMESTIC ECONOMY.
After which
IRISH ASSUR INCE AND YANKEE MODESTY.

AsnErs ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.

Lessee and Manatrer, Mr. Wm. Cooke.

THIS
S,eventh Week ! Shak.pere's RIC FT MD TUT THIRD, ith the
introduetioh of hnrges. The equestrian II u.trations int-gine i by Mr.
W. Cooke. Death of White Surrey. (Vide, lillustrated News," of
Saturday, Gth.) Lattle of Bosworth Field, &e.

After which,
The EQUESTRIAN GEM; in the CIRCLE.
To conclude with a number of other Entertainmmts.
Box-oilice ooen fr,in F.leven till Foir. Sta4e Manager, Mr. W.
West. Fiquestrian nircetor. \Tr. W. Cooke. iun,
N.B. Vide "Illustrated News of Sept. 6th for the Death of White
Surrey.

MGR WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS DAY—Morn. 28 min. aft. 3 —Evening 49 min. aft. 3
T'-MO Bow—Morn. 9 min. aft. 4—Evening 28 min. aft. 4

THE WEATITER—SUN OFFICE, SEPTEMBER 17.
THERMOMETER, IN TUE SHADE.
(15 —highest sinea noon yesterday.
5; —lowest this morning and during the night.
64 —this day at noon.

BA ROVE'P7R, 29.9 G—falling.
W.S.W. to W.—Light, with dull weather.

STAMPED EDITION OF "THE SUN."
The Latest E lition of The San,, Stamped, in

time for Post, may always b© hail from ha,lf-

past 5 till 7 o'clock every evening.
Subscribars in the Country will please to
observe that the heading " THIRD EDITION"

is always to be seen on the papers containing
the latest news. If any difficulty be experienced
in obtaining that Edition, a communication to
The gun Office will remedy it.
Sum Office, 112, Strand.

(cTr=',4_,l4.-Ll/2-
, , .

,§1111,4

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 17, 1856.

The Coronation of the AUTOCRAT has been sig-
nalised by an extraordinary act of grace ! On
all . such occasions it is usual to display the
clemency of the anointed Sovereign, who thence-
forward would rule by right divine ! In Russia
there should be a still greater manifestation.
There the CZAR is not only E nperor, but also
Pope. He is the " Head of the Church" in the
literal acceptation of the phrase. He not only
controls the temporalities, but also the spirituali-
ties, of " Holy Russia." He clearly aspires to a
lot far beyond that of ordinary humanity, and
pretends to be GOD'S vicegerent on earth--a sort
of deity, whose ukases must carry with them the
prestige of Divine commandments. This opinion
is of vast importance—indeed we may say per-
fectly indispensable—to his government. If it
were not entertained, he could not by a possi-
bility continue to enslave the minds, as he has
hitherto enslaved the bodies, of his subjects.
Absolute power is a delicate instrument. It can
spare none of its adjuncts. If a single screw be
loose—if a solitary link in the elaborate chain be
defective—the entire machine may become worth-
less, and the enormous mass topple over from its

own weight.

The concessions granted by the consecrated
CZAR are not so numerous or important as might
have been anticipated. Something unquestionably
is bestowed, but by no means equivalent to the
occasion. There is not the unalloyed exhibition of
magnanimity. " The quality of mercy" has been
very considerably " strained." It has indeed been
so greatly diluted that the most unqualified Tee-
totaller might swallow it without a scruple.
First, after a grandiloquent opening, a comme-
morative medal is inaugurated, which is to be
worn by all his subjects engaged in civil or
military service, who have taken part in the events
of the late war. These medals are to be similar
to those previously granted to the defenders of
Sebastopol—the effect whereof will be materially
to diminish the value and importance of the real
':_war decoration.

Certain immunities are then granted to the
provinces which have principally been affected by
the warlike operations. Tauris, Kherson, Eka-
terinoslav, Archangel, and the whole of the Baltic
coast, are particularly specified ; and the whole
of Russia is also released from any charge of con-
Setiption and military recruiting ft)/ the term of
four consecutive years, unless (an important

vi:soy the exigencies of war should prevent the in-
, tention from being carried out. A new census is
also to be taken, in order that the capitation tax
may be more equitably carried out.
The most substantial gift is the remission of
taxes in, arrear, to the amount of twenty-four
millions of silver roubles (about 3,820,000/.

_ sterling), and certain pecuniary fines. As, however,
- the most stringent means had already been
'.adopted to levy the amounts, the gift may not
practically be so great as it appears to be on paper.
Penitent criminals (how is the penitence to be
ascnttained ?) Is it by a process analogous to that
by which our own tickets-of-leave are granted ?)
- are to receive either full pardon or a material
commutation of their sentences. If this, as well
as the clause relating to political offenders (?), be
fairly carried out it will be a real boon. But who
can say whether it will be so ? In Russia, as
well as in other despotic governments, there is a

vast difference between the real and
the seeming.
The first point respecting the political prisoners'
or exiles (we cannot repeat the word "offenders")
is the restoration of the rights of nobility to them
solves and their children born since their con-
demnation. There are three distinct clams for
these prisoners. Some are to obtain a diminution of

their punishment in the place of banishment, i. e.,
to be removed to a better district. Others to be
permitted to reside in the interior of the country,
whilst the more favoured will be allowed the run cf the
entire empire and of Poland, with the exception
of the metropolitan cities of Moscow and St..
Petersburg. The western provinces, which were
hitherto subjected to more stringent regulations,
are to be assimilated to the rest of the empire.,
The Jews are exonerated from the special bur-
dens which their recruitment hitherto imposed on
them. The children of soldiers and seamen will
henceforward be given up to their parents, and
the tax on foreign passports will be abolished.
These are the chief concessions, and, as we have
already stated, they look well on paper ; but still
we entertain considerable misgivings as to their
practical application. We fear the AUTOCRAT, even
when tendering boons to his subjects.

The reader has doubtless seen one of those pri-
mitive barometers which at once serve to inform
the spectator as to (what he knows already) the
wetness sr dryness of the weather, and to incul-
cate, by example, the practice of gallantry towards
the weaker sex. The gentleman, it will be re-
membered, always comes out to make the family
marketing when the weather is foul, and the lady
only when it is sunshiny and dry. One of these
interesting weather prophets or guides, some years
ago, attracted our attention, not by the delicate
accuracy of its working, but by the noticeable
characteristic of keeping the gentleman too much
out and the lady too much in. A little rain and
out sprang the former to the full length of his
tether ; a good deal of dryness and sunshine and
the lady, who had been slow to move, got no
further at the utmost than half way. Some acci-
dental deviation in the construction from the
original made], of course, we concluded, accounted
for the reluctance of the lady to take a due airing
and provide, as she ought, for the wants of her
domestic circle. The thought has subsequently
occurred to us that far from being a solitary
specimen of the kind the peculiarity of construc-
tion was designed, and it was only one of many
manufactured for the market. The way in which
the notion was forced on us was this. A careful
watch on the rise and fall of the price of wheat,
and also of bread, showed us that the slightest
quantum of wet weather rapidly sent up the price
of cereals at Mark-lane, and raised the price of
bread instantaneously in the bakers' shops, while
it took several days of fine weather, and of fall
at Mark-lane, to bring the price of bread down
again, and then only halfway—so that if the rise
was id., the fall was only a halfpenny. The
thing was as clear as mud ; th© barometer in
question was one of a sort manufactured for the
bakers, if not the corn dealers, who evidently
patronised and were guided exclusively by it, to
the utter disuse and derogation of the claims of
more pretentious instruments. We do not dog-
matically insist on this as being the true solution
of a perplexing anomaly which has puzzled, and
continues to puzzle, every metropolitan householder.
We merely throw it out for the consideration and
observation of our mor* curious readers, leaving
them to form their own conclusions on the matter.

At the present time the bountiful harvest with
which PROVIDENCE has favoured us—it is,' from all
we can gather, above the average—has been sue-
cessfully housed in all but the northern districts of
the kingdom. The sunny southern, the placid
midland counties, and the broad lands of York-
shire; have alike presented the cheerful spectacle
rof harvest home ;" and there is a fair prospect
of the yellow grain which brightened the less-
favoured northern counties being sheaved and
garnered in an equally satisfactory manner. Indeed
it may be said. the harvest of 1856 is beyond the
reach of elernental caprice, for what remains to be
got in is too small in quantity seriously to affect •
the general results. The price of corn has conse-
quently fallen in the various markets of the king-.
dom---the fall within the last six weeks, it is
roughly calculated, amounting to from fifteen to
twenty shillings a quarter. How is the hypothesis
with which we jokingly started favoured by the
result ? The slightest rise in the price of wheat
is immediately followed by a considerably more
than proportionate rise of bread in the bakers'
shops. Has the fall in the price of wheat, to
which we have drawn attention, been followed
by even a corresponding fall in the price of bread?
Alas ! we are afraid the lady lingers, for the only
fall we have heard of at the bakers' is a halfpenny
on the quartern loaf ! Clearly the baking frater-
nity cling to the old barometer as a guide, and
the public have to suffer fur the antiquated, not
to say selfish, preference.
This state of things ought not, must not be
suffered to last. To say nothing of the gross im-
position practised on the substantial householder,
and the grievous tax levied on the industrious
workman, there are too many hungry bellies to
feed to admit of that. Who or what are the millers
and bakers that they should be suffered to defraud
the rich, plunder the wages of industry, and de-
prive the helpless of an adequate supply of food ?
The territorial preyers on the people's substance
were, notwithstanding a preponderance of poli-
tical power on their side, compelled to give up
protection ; it is not to be endured that a few thou-
sand indifiduals, with no such power, should be
suffered to go on imitating their example, instead
of meeting with their fate. The rise in price has
been borne by our artisans and labourers with a
patient submission and comparative absence of
complaint that cannot be paralleled in any other
country in Europe. The members of these classes
have elsewhere risen in revolt, and nothing has
so much taxed _ the, ingenuity of their rulers as to
provide them• with cereal food at a moderate
price. The greater reason why those who have
manifested such intelligent forbearance should
not continue to be subjected to the imposi-
tions of such unconscionable monepuliets.,
The inhabitants of the metropolis, one and
all, should bestir themselves at once, and
set about the inauguration of means likely
to bring the whole tribe of plunderers to their
senses. What should hinder the formation of
' companies to provide the metropolis with broad at
a fair price, and of good quality—for, dear as the
bakers' stuff ix, it is not genuine, but adulterated
in the most execrable manner ? Once let
but a few companies offer a good article,
leaving a fair profit, and we are much
deceived if a notable revolution is no;
speedily witnessed in the baking trade.
To do this may possibly entail the erection or
purchase of corn naills—all the batter if it does,
for it will the sconer bring the millers to repent-
ance and set them at loggerheads with the bakers,
to the eliciting of the knavish practices of both—
for, according to the proverb, " When knaves
fall out honest men get their own." The sug-
gestion we have offered is not novel, the carry-
ing it out unfortunately would be, for though
such competition has been often threatened,
it has never, that we aro aware of, been fairly
brought into play in the metropolis. If it had
we should not have had to make our present com-
plaint. We are not company makers, nor have
we any company's interests topromote. We are,
therefore, thoroughly disinterested when we say
no scheme can be started with more righteous

claims, nor carried out with a fairer promise of
success, than that we have suggested. Both'Gon
and man may be expected to approve and

prosper it.

YEARLY A7PRAGE PRICE OP WHEAT PER
QUARTLR PROM 1641.

The following table was compilei unler the direction
and superintendence of Mr. Henry S. Bright, of Hull :

His Royal Highness the Prince of Orange left Edin-
burgh on Saturday, en route for Balmoral, to pay a visit
to her Majesty. His Royal Highness spent some time
in Linlit:gosv examining the antiquities of that place.
Tao Count and Countess Sohauvaloff and the Ba-
roness da Plessn have arrived at Claridge's Hotel, from
Pari .

Viscount Palmerston left town yesterday to rej iin
Lady Palmerston at St. Leonard's•on-Sea.
The Bishop of Ripon has arrived Claridge's Hotel.
The Marquis of Exeter, the Marquis and Marchioness
of Townshend, the Marchioness of Donegal, the Coun-
tess of Lucan, Lady Ernest Bruce, the Countess of Bat-
more and Lady Harriet Corry, Lady Alice Peel and
Miss Peel, the Countess of Morley, Lord and Lady
Truro, and Mr. and Lady Jane Repton, are among the
members of the Euglish aristocracy at present sojourning
in Paris.

The City Bank is to be admitted to the Bankers
Clearing house on the Ist of October.

The Saxon government has just appointed two new
consulates. M. Hatrodt has been natneer consul at
Antw,.rp, and M. 11. Poydenot at Bayonne.
Baro❑ Testa has presented to the Senate of Hamburg
his letters of credence as resident minister of the Em-
peror of Austria at that city.
General Martini, the Austrian ambassador to the
Court of Napits, has arrived at Vienna from Isehl. It
was rumoured that, owing to the serious turn affairs are
taking in that part of Italy, this diplomatist would not
return to his post. Baron de Bourqueeey has returned
to Vienna from Isehl.

Married, yesterday, at St. George's Church, HanoVer-
square, by the Hon. and Rev. Sidney Godolphin Os-
borne, uncle of the bride, M. John George .Johnston,
only son of the Rev. P. Johnston, of Sferabworthy,
North Devon, to Frances Grace, only daughter of Sir
Theodore Henry Brinckman, art., of St. Leonard's,
Windsor, and granddaughter of the late Lord Godolphin.
ROYAL Flom HOSPITAL. The managing board of
governors of the It9yal Free hospital, in order to mark
their high appreciation of the manner in which Dr.
O'Connor, of Upper Montagu-street, Mantagu-square,
discharged the duties of physician to. that hospital for
more than 12 months, during the absence of one of the
physicians at the seat of war, have elected him on the
medical stall of the hospital.
Ryde, in the Isle of Wight, has been full of visitors
this season.. .A new town is springing up at Sandown,
at the back of the Isle of Wight, which bids fair to rival
Ventnor. At Ciwes, the members of the Royal Yacht
Club are spending 7,0001. on a now club-house. They
are building a tower to overlook the Solent sea.

This is the season for excursion trains on the South
West.,,rn line. Last week there was an excursion train
from Southampton to Weymouth. On Monday there
were excursion trains from Southampton to Bath and
Bristol, and from Bristol, Bath, Salisbury, and Ports.
mouth to Southampton. This day there will be an
excursion train from Dorchester, and alt up the line to
London:

EAST INpIA COAL COMPANY "LIIIITED."—Tho direq
tors of the above company have received a report from
the superintending engineer they sent out in the Buce•
phalue with-the machinery for working the mines. He
gives a highly favourable account of' the several coal
fields, the property of the company. Two of the mines
were being actively worked. One of the beds of coal
is deoribed as 24 feet in thickness, and of the best
quality.
The weekly reviews from the Amsterdam and Rotter-
dam produce markets state that, although business had
not greatly improved, prices showed increased firmness.
Purchases of coffee and sugar had been made at rather
higher rates in some oases, but the advance was not
general. No great alteration had taken place in other
descriptions, the operations having been limited. The
letters from Rouen mention that the market for manu-
factures showed increased animation, owing to purchases
to supply the demand for the more advanced season.
The demand for money in the discount market yester-
day was very active, and the applications at the Bank of
England were extremely numerous. These may be at-
tributed partly to the preparations for the payment of
the last loan instalment of 1,000,0001. on Thursday.
The possibility of an advance in the Bank rate likewise
operates to induce all persons to, provide themselves
with a good supply, although the anticipations of such
a movement appear for the moment to have diminished.

THE AMERICAN MAILS.—LIVERPOOL, Tuesday.—The
United States mail steam-ship Baltic, Captain James
Cunistock, sails from the 'Mersey for New York to-
morrow at noon, with the usual bi-weekly mails for the
United States and Canada, letters for which must be
posted here before 9 a.m., with late fees until 10 a.m:,
arid at the lanling stage until 11 a.m. The Philadel-
phia and L; verpool screw steam-ship City of Manchester.
Captain Petrie, with ad vices from Philadelphia to the
4th (t.vo days later than by the Africa), may be expected
to rrivo to-morrow.

SrANDARD THEATRE.—Mr. and Mrs. Sims Reeves ap-
, peared at this theatre on Monday evening, under the
auspices of the enterprising Mr. Donglass. The opera
was "Guy Manncring." The reception given to Mr.
Reeves, o❑ his entranc) as Henry Bertram, was trdmen-
dons ; and the most, vociferous enthusiasm was mani-
fested throughout the evening. The house was crowded.
MANSION 110IISE.—Yesterday the Lord Mayor and
Lady Mayoress entertained at dinner a number of gen
tlemen of the Lord Mayor's ward, the Master Warden
and Court of Assistants of the Cocipers' Cmrpany, to•
gather with Mr. Alderman and Mrs. Finnis, the Sheriffs,
Mr. Alderman H. Kennedy, and Mr. Alderman Rose,
the Sheriffs elect, Mr. J. J. Meobi and Mr. F. Keats,
and several members of the Court of Common Council.

rHE COMIANDES-IN-CHIEF AND TDB PRINCE- OF
ORANGE..—A curious incident, which .has created a
considerable sensation in the locality, .occurred at the
Stiriing rail-ay station on the evening of Monday.
"His E.,,yal Highness the Pr:nee of Orange
.and sn'te
lN` cr o awaiting the arrival of the north train for Edin-
burgh. When it -reac%ed the station the-distinguished
str:wger went forward to a first-class carriage, and uas
abort to slep.i,to it, when he was politely informed by
a sohtary gentleman within that he had taken the whale
carria.ie for h;s own use. • His Highness of Orange at
once backed out of the sacred enclosure, and secured a
'seat elsewl.ere. Tie solitary gentleman was CALmander-
in-Chief of the British army.
• PRICE (4 GoeD.—The quotation of gold at Paris is
about per !Mlle premium, and the short exchange on
London is 25'271 per 11. Sterling. On comparing these
rates with the English Mint price of 31. 17s. 1011. per
ounce for standard gold, it appears that gold is rather
more than 2 10ths per cent. dearer in Paris than in Len-
don. By advices from Hamburg the price of gold is 425
per mark, and the short exchange on London is 13.3 per
11. sterling. S aedard gold, at the English Mint price,
is therefore about 9-10Lhs per cent. dearer in Hamburg
than in London. The course of exchange at New York
on Landon for bills at 60 days' sight is 109 i per cent.,
which, as compared with the Mint par between the two
countries, shows that the exchango is slightly in favour
of England ; aid, after making allowance for charges of
transport and (Fiferenee of interest, the present rate
leaves a trifling profit on the importation of gold from
the United States.

CHRIST'S JIOSPITAL.—On Monday next, 221 instant
(Sunday being St. Matthew's day), the Lord Mayor,
Aldermen, Sheriff,, and Governors of the Royal Hospi-
tals, will attend divine service in Christ Church, New
gate-street, where a sermon will be preached by the
Rev. Charles Searle, Fellow of Pembroke Cullege,
Cambridge ; after which they will repair to the Great
Hall in Christ's Hospital, where four orations will be
delivered, on the benefits of the Royal Hospitals, in
Latin, by Wil!iarn S. Foster • in English, by Ernest
Montagu ; in Greek, by Mark Shattuck ; is French, by
Torras PRllctt. Three translations will then fo►low, in
Latin Alcaics, by T. Smart, from the " Bride of
Abydos ;" in Greek lambics, by W. Wilton, from
" Henry VIII. ;"in Elegiacs, from "Longfellow," by S.
Churchill. After which a Latin poem on " Chersonesus
Taurica," being the Richards' Prize Composition, not
yet adjudged. To conclude with an English poem on
"Italy," by G. Montagu.