The Sun.
London, England, 1856-06-13 00:00:00

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.

HOUSE OF COMMONS.-("YESTERDAY.)
SUPPLY.

On the vote for 100,0001. for civil contingencies,
Sir F. BARING objected to the vote, and proposed
its reduction to 90,0001. He did not mean to say that
100,0001. was a large or unreasonable sum for acciden-
tal expenses, but his object was to know what was the
actual sum at the disposal of the Government, and what
bad already been expended in the shape of advances. The
repayment of sums advanced by the Government in pre-
vious years ought to be enough to pay the expenditure
of the present year. It had been a regular system to run
one year into another, till the various surpluses now in
the exchequer amounted to 100,0001. He would read to
the house the votes of expenditure for the last six years ;
there were votes for 100,0001. in each year. In 1850.51
the vote had been for somewhat above 61,0001., iu 1851-
52 the votes for 100,0001. began and continued regu-
larly, while the expenditure in 1851-52 was 89,670/. ;
in:1852-53 it was 79,525/. ; in 1853-54 it was a little
above 70,000/. ; and in 1855-56 it was 73,118/. So that
at.the 31st of March last there was above 100,000/. on

two or three items similar to that for the Lancaster gun

it would be impolitic for him to include.
Mr. LLOYD DAVIES repeated his question relative
to, Mr. Phillimore, and asked if the payment was made
w ith the sanction of the Government
Mr. WILSON said he was unabie to answer the
lastion. The order of payment came in proper form
at id in due course, and the money was paid.
Mr. GLADSTONE said there could be no doubt but
tb:►t it was a dangerous practice to adopt, employing
rtu imbers of the house for such services as that alluded
to He (Mr. Gladstone) was partially to blame for it,
a• ed it was in consequence of the peculiar nature of the
b ill that Mr. Phillimore was applied to draw it. It was
(Ally to find lawyers capable of drawing ordinary bills,
but it was very difficult to find those who could draw
such a bill as the one referred to, and Mr. Phillimore
possessing the requisite ability he was solicited to do it,
and it was done under the superintendence of the So-

licitor-General.
The amendment was then withdrawn, and the vote
was agreed to.
THE VOTE FOR EDUCATION.
Sir G. GREY then rose to move the vote for public
education in Great Britain. The right hon. gentleman
said that the total estimate for this purpose for the pre-
sent year was 451,213/., of which 200,0001. had already
been voted, and he now asked for the balance 251,2131.

this account in the hands of the exchequer. It was
clear, therefore, that they did not require the vote of
100,0001. He had proposed to reduce the vote by-70,0001.
but his righthon. friend had it appeared now transferred
:60,0001. to another account. He himself, how-ever, still
thought that there was 10,0001. asked for ire; the vote
more than was sufficient. It was true there were the il-
luminations, but the expense of them would not amount
to 50,0001., and Os public would still have 130,0001. in
hand to meet contingent expenses. He feared that the
system of lending had gone on to a considerable extent.
It was with departments as it was with young gentle-
men, if you dealt too liberally with them they were sure
to exceed their allowance. They had carried the sys-
tem of advances to too great an extent. In the votes
for the last 6 years they had voted 600,000/ , and ex
pended 462,0001., so that there ought to be 137,0001. in
the Treasury, but he did not believe that there was any
such sum there ; in fact, there was not above 100,0001.
there, and the residue had found its way out of the
Exchequer in the shape of advances. He thought be-
sides that the vote ought to appear in some other
shape. They had not got the balance in the Exchequer
or the Pay-office, of the sums loaned out, and with-
out these ingredients it was impossible to come to a sa-
tisfactory conclusion. They might vote what they pleased
but they should know eccurately what was in hand, and
what was loaned out to different departments.
Mr. WILSON concurred in most of the opinions just
given by the righthon. gentleman ; hutit would be found
that for years the tendency of the Treasury had been to
reduce the votes and the charges upon them. He agreed
that the shape in which they should be put ought to be
strictly intelligible. But great care had been lately taken
with the vote, and if the hon. gentleman would refer
back to the time when he was Chancellor of the Exche-
quer, he would see that the sums asked for were much
larger—equal usually to 200,0001. It was necessary in
such cases to take larger sums than those actually known
to be wanted. He would explain the object of some of the
votes. There might be experiments to be made—as in the
case of the Lancaster gun. The Ordnance applies to the
Treasury, no vote having been taken from Parliament,
and it being impossible to proceed without money. It was
in this way that the money was loaned. There were two
courts of law that would cost no less than 79,0001. In
the County Courts Act, the courts were supposed to be
self-supporting---it was intended that the judges' fees
should be paid out of fees, but the fees fell short, and on
that score; it was necessary to advance above 20,0001.
In the same way, for Courts of Chancery in Ireland,
there had been advances to the extent of 28,0001. The
amount of these advances was so fluctuating and uncer-
tain that it rendered a large sum necessary. The only
instance in which a-large sum had been repaid was,
60,0001. bad been repaid, and, in consequence, the vote
had been reduced by that amount. At present, in the
cash account of the last ten years only 1,9001. had been
accounted for. No advances had been made except for
meeting contingencies totally unexpected, and which
could not be provided for when the demands were of so
fluctuating a character. There would not be a balance
such as the right hon. gentleman supposed. He,
himself proposed, however, in future, that at the end
of the year there should be an account which should
show the actual sum advanced, the advance repaid, and
when it was not proper to state the occasion of the ad-
vance, the name should be stated of the department to
which it was issued.
Mr. 'WILLIAMS said that the right hen. gentleman
seemed to think the present Government not to blame,
but be wished to knew who was to blame.
Mr. WILSON said that he had, only said that the ac-
counts were now perfectly clear at present. This he con-
tended they were, while from 1830 to 1840 they had been
so confused that there was nothing to be made of them.
Mr. WILLIAMS said that some. one was to blame
at any rate. The vote seemed to he taken for the mere
purpose of lending money. The Government had abused
this fund, and it would not do to place confidence in
them to so large an amount. Many of the items charged
oUght to have had the separate sanction of that house.
Therrewere others which demanded explanation, of which
if he took them, collectively he could get no answer ;
'and if singly, he should be taking up too much of the
time of the house. The very first item was for settling
boundary` disputes between Turkey and Persia. 'This
had been going on for ten years ; he should be glad to
know when it was to cease. The commissioner had been
that distinguished officer General Williams, but now he
was removed, and who was to be his successer s Owler
items were for the travelling expenses of official per-
sonages, which were far higher than necessary. They
were conveyed in ships of war, when they might have
been conveyed in merchant ships at far less cost. There
was a charge for inquiry into our cathedrals above
800/. ; why was this not charged to the cathedral re•
venue?. There was 17,0001. for the Oxford University
commission ; now the revenues of the university was
above 150,0001., and this was at object of great imp,- r-
tance to them. The sums so expended ought to have
been--put down to that account.
Capt. STUART called attention to the sum of 5,0001.
from the Attorney-General relative to the Irish charities.
KINNAIRD said that from the explanation
given by Mr. Wilson with regard to the experiments re-
lative to the Lancaster gun, it appeared these civil con-
tingencies emtraced the payments of sums of moneys for
departments which the house would never sanction
under the charges of the proper departments. It wax
high time for the hoese to look closer after the expendi-
ture of the country, and prevent such practices for the
future, and obtain a promise from the Secretary of the
Treasury that this state of things should be remedied.
Mr. SPOONER asked if any money had been granted
under civil continaencies and experiments in Belgiuni
that ought to have been charged to the Ordnance ? And
if so, for what purpose were those experiments, and what
was the amount of the sum advanced !
Mr. BLACKBURN asked for an explanation of 100
guineas paid to Mr. Peillienore for drawing the Oxford
University Reform Bill, and of the payment of 48/. 163.
41. expense on Lord Panmure's appointment as Master-
General to the Ordnance, and of DM 14s. expense on
the appointment of the Duke of Argyll as Postmaster-
General ; and also of 1,5001. paid to Mr. Plimket, se-
cond Commissioner in Bankruptcy in Ireland. He
thought estimates formed on an average of years might
be taken for the sums claresed as civil contingencies.
Mr. WILSON said 4r.'PhilliMore'e change was paid
by the Treasury at the-request of the Home-office for
drawing the bill referred to. With regard to the charges
for Lord Panmure and the Duke of Argyll, it was a rule
for any gentleman a,cceptng office in the Government
requiring a patent for him to pay the expenses of the
patent, but that when he was teaosferred from one office
to another the expense of the patent was paid by the
acintry. '''l,soo/. per annum was paid out of this fund
to the second Commiasioner in- Bankisaptcy• in Ireland
beeinse the act 4Pailiament did riot provide how he
was to bw paid, but it would be 'shrortly remedied, and
would ,not again appear in title term. The balances
spoken of were not in the hands of any of the ofilials
conneoted with the •Treasury, but entirely with the
Chancellor of the Exchequer. No payrnentlad been
made of sending workmen to:Belgium on account of the
Ordnance. There was no truth in the statement of men
- having been sent. there, nor had any application been
• made for that purpose. The expense of the experiments
relative to the Lancaster 'gun °avid not have firmed one
' of the Ordnance eatinsatee, and it being a secret service
it would have been unwise of the Government to have
come to the house-and asked for a specific vote for it
eforeby to doing-the whole of the secret must have been
".divulged, and the consequence would have been that
Mr. Lancaster would have lost his patent and the Cow-.
try-suffered much injury in consequence. The amount•
would -be repaid by the Ordnance,_ and it was one of
those advances to which he had -alltded Many'ef 'the
other advances that -
had been madeesuch as to the Canrt
of Chancery, the county--everts,i etc., would be repaid,
which would aceeeee eei,
ttLin
the. balaece lludede °11" fa that ought to rm
service
outfits for those
connected" with tlieslllAe.nter
dedxitrieneob estimatei could
be formed, because it de
and, the same applied gteos ttnattlwl:"
mane dElfing the year,
would be the lastw.
Anee tosovernors of colonies. Ties
time the expenses of cormeissiene would be chareelto
thist'fund, as an estimate had been, taken for the piwbable
amount required for that purpose for the present year.
Sir F. BARING said be was not satisfied with the
explanations that bad been given by the Secretary
the Treasury. 'He still felt convinced 75,0001. would 1,
dO,
Kiffitient, and' when they remembered the large ,ems
that were advanced to the variorts departments,
thought for the future a much smaller sum than he had
named should be voted. If the Secretary to the Trea-
sury would give the house a detailed statement of the
accoente, whfcli he Said were so satisfactory, he would
not press his amendment.
Mr. LLOYD DAVIE 3 asked if tbeloogui nem! paid to
Mr. Phillimore was paid to him for services rendered to
the Governinent during- the period he- had been a lum-
bar of the house (Hear, bear) It was a question of
great importance, and one affecting the chareca r of a
member of that liou,e. - (fTear, hear.)
elite MOWBRAY asked the Secretary of the Tree.
surer ta tate, th e precise expense of the fireworks. If
the estimate-of 8,0001., given by the Chincellor of the
Exchequer,- would cover nll, or only the cost of the
erection in the Park and the transit of the fireworks
frem Woolwich.
Mr. WILSON was unable to give an answer to the
last question—. He presumed the extra expense would be
for extraneous matters required beyond what was usual
for. the departments which had anythine, to do with it.
With regard to Mr. Phillinrre, that learned gentleman
was a member of the house when the payment referred
to was made to him. (Hear, hear.) In a few days he
(Mr. Wiliwin) would lay the statement required by the
right hon. baronet the member for Portsmouth on the
table of the house, not only including the advances met
payments, but also showing the exact balance riCw in the
hand's of thtrehancellor of the Ezeheouer. There were

As the amountrequired for the present year wag 54,000/.
mare than for the preceding year, and much more than
that over previous years, and as there was a proposal to

be made by an hon. member to reduce the amount of the
vote, he thought it right to call the attention of the com-
mittee to the past expenditure on account of education,
by the appropriation of the funds placed from time to
time at the dispo4al of the Committee of C3uncil on
Education by Parliament, and particularly to advert

to those heads of the estimate under which the in-
crease for the present year would take place. He
was the more desirous of doing this, because he was
anxious to remove what he feared was the

I❑ 1850
In 1851
In 1352
In P 53
In 1851
In 1355
The number of pupil teachers in the same years were—
In 1850
In 1851
In 1852
In 1853
In 1854
In 1855
Showing a rapidly progressive increase in every year.
But many of the pupil teachers comprised in the large
numbers of the last two or three years were included in
the numbers of previous years, the reason being thic,
many of them spent a considerable time in a state of
of pupilage. The number of Queen's scholars was, in
each year, as follows : •
In 1850
• In 1851
In 1852
In 1853
In 1854
In 1855
The students in the training schools examined and
passed in the same period were :
In 1850
In 1.51
Id 1852
.111 1853
In 1854
In 1855
The numb:•r of certificated masters and mistresses re•
ceiving a.sistauce from the grants was—
In 1850
In 1851
In 1852
In 1853 ......
In 1854 ... . . 2:336

sistant teachers there was an increase of 1,0001. There
was'also a new grant for " industrial schools," to which
he proposed appropriating the sum of 10,0001., as well
as some slight increase under the heads of "establish-
ment" and " inspection," occasioned by the great amount
of business which now devolved upon the committee
and the necessary augmentation of the number of in-
spectors. With regard to the grant for pupil teachers,
there was reason to hope, from the paper moved for by
the hon. member for Sheffield (Mr. Hadfield), and pre-
sented to the house on the 18th of June, 1855 (Parlia-
mentary Paper No. 321), that the great body of these
pupil teachers found their way into schools either as
teachers, or masters, or mistresses, and that they thus
not only derived important advantages themselves from
the assistance they obtained from Parliamentary grants
as pupil teachers, but that they became most important
auxiliaries in diffusing a better education than had
hitherto been generally extended to the country, owing
to their superior qualifications as instructors. The in-
crease in the grant to schoolmasters, schoolmistresses,
and assistant teachers, was owing to the increased num-
ber of persons who had qualified themselves under the
existing minutes of council to receive the assistance
which was afforded them upon their attaining profi-
ciency. The increase of 28,000/. for capitation grants in
England and Wales was thus explained in the note ap-
pended to the estimate :
" 4. The capitation grants, averaging 4s. 6d. per annum
upon each child who has attended school for 176 days dur-
ing the year preceding inspection, have been paid in schools
throughout the rural districts, and in the smaller unincor-
porated towns, since lst January, 1854. The amount paid
in 1e54 was 5,9571. on 22,801 children, being 33 per cent.
' of the children attending the same schools ;in 1855, the
amount paid was 10,1251. on 36,929 children, being :36 per
cent. of the children attending the same schools.
" The capitation grants are now to be extended to the
parts of the country hitherto excluded from them, and the
increased estimate is framed on the calculation that the
expenditure would have risen to 15,0001., under the exist-
ing regulations ; that the amount of the population hitherto
excluded is almost exactlyequal to that which has hitherto
enjoyed the grants; and, lastly, that the attendance at
school in towns is much less liable to interruption than in
the country, so that the proportion of children on whom
the grant is allowed may be expected to be greater."
It would be seen the increase arose from the extension of
these grants, in accordance with what appeared to be the
general opinion of the house last year, from the rural dis-
tricts and smaller towns to which they were formerly con-
fined to other parts of the country which had not hitherto
received them ; but one qualificationasto those capitation
grants, and the committee, no doubt, would consider it a
proper and necessary qualification, was that although they
were now extended irrespective of the peculiar circum-
stances of the place previously held to be entitled to
them—namely, the whole of the country, the condi-
tion was still retained that they were to be given t> those
schools only in which there was either a certificated Inass
ter or mistress, or a master or mistress who had been
"registered," which implied a lower degree of qualifica-
tio❑ than that of certificated master or mistress, but gave
some guarantee or assurance that the master or mis-
tress so registered was something above the ordinary
level, and had qualified themselves to give sound and
useful instruction in an efficient manner in the schools
in which they were placed. The new grant of 10,0001.
to industrial schools was proposed in accordance with a
recent minute of the Committee of Council on Education,
which had been laid upon the table of the house. Its
object was to improve the character and quality of edu-
cation given in three schools, by holding out encourage-
ment to efficient (that was certificated) masters and mis-
tresses. Aid would also be given to those schools in the
shape of grants towards the payment of rent (one-half),
the purchase of tools or raw materials for labour (one-
third), and a capitation fee of 10s. for every scholar under
industrial instruction. Reformatories would be eligible
to participate in the advantages which those grants held
out to other industrial schools in respect of schoolmas-
ters. In other respects they would be subjected to the
general rule which had hitherto guided the Committee of
Council on Education in reference to all schools except
training schools—namely, that of withholding grants for
providing board and lodging in those schools ; for it was
obvious that if these grants were applied to such a pur-
pose, it would be a diversion of the public money which
Parliament had never contemplated or intended. In his
opinion permission ought to be given to make provision for
the establishment of reformatory institutions out of . the
county and borough rates. In the last volume of the mi-
nutes of council there was a detailed account of the pre-
vious year's expenditure; and if hon. gentlemen wished
to see how the money voted by Parliament for that period
had seen spent, by referring to it they would do so more
satisfactorily to themselves than by any statement
which he could make. Unless, therefore, any further ex-
planation was required than was to be found there, he felt
that he should be improperly occupying► the time of the
committee by detaining them longer. He hoped, however,
that after these observations the hon. gentleman who had
given notice of a motion to reduce the vote to last year's
amount would see the propriety of net persisting in it,
and be of opinion that it was not expedient to arrest the
liberality of Parliament, and thus debar the Committee
of Council on Education from making the capitation
grant to industrial schools, which war the principal item
of increase in the estimate. (Hear.) He (Sir G. Grey)
therefore trusted that the house, looking at the result
which had been obtained from these grants, would not
withhold on that occasion the means of assisting volun•
1 tary efforts in the promotion of education. That was the
object of the vote.
Sir J. PAKINGTON said it was hardly necessary to
say that ho did not intend to offer any opposition to the
proposition of the right honourable gentleman. He
concurred in all the changes which had been made
by the Government in the items of the grant, and
the extension which they had given to it. On the con-
trary, he thanked the Government for what they had done
on both these points. But after what had taken place in
the house, and from what he had heard with respect to the
impression which those proceedings had produced in the
country, ho felt that the result of the recent debates on
education in that house had produced a great feeling of

impression which prevailed in some quarters that
because there were difficulties in establishing
throughout the country a general system of combined
education, therefore little had been done by parliamen-
tary or state aid in promoting popular education. What-
ever opinions they might entertain as to the expediency
of a general system of education, however much many
hon. members might regret the failure of the repeated
attempts made on both sides of the house to establish such
a system of general education, it would be wrong, he
thought, if they did not acknowledge that, those attempts
' having failed, very important and, in his opinion, very be-
neficial results, had been attained by means of the grants
of Parliament placed at the disposal of the Committee of
Council, and appropriated by that committee in accord.
ance with the minutes laid before Parliament upon the
subject. Since the year 1839 a sum rather exceeding
2,000,000/. had been placed by annual grants in the hands
of the Committee of Council for promoting popular educa-
tion ; and that sum bad been expended in aid of those
voluntary efforts to which allusion bad been repeatedly
and justly made in previous debates in this house on
education—voluntary efforts which could not be too
highly estimated or commended, but which, be believed,
bad failed to accomplish all the objscts which were to he
desired from such effort., and would have failed to a far
greater degree without the assi dance of the grant which
Parliament had made with much liberality in support of
those efforts. The amount placed annually at the dis-
posal of the Committee of Council began with 30,0001.
in the year 1839, increasing by small augmentations for
the first ten years, but the whole amount voted was never
actually expended, in eonsequence of the conditions at-
tached to the grants not being always complied with ; so
that at the end of that period there was a balance re-
maining in the hands of the committee. But from that
time forward the reverse had been the case, and the
expenditure had annually exceeded the amount placed
by Parliament at the disposal of the committee, the
excess being provided fur out of the unappropriated
balances applicable to the same object, and sanc-
tioned by Parliament during the preceding year. The in-
ference they might draw from that fact was, that the
discussions which had taken place from time to time in
that house, either upon motions or annual estimates,
had given a great impulse to the efforts which had been
made to promote popular education, and there had been
a growing and rapidly-increasing appreciation of the
benefits derived from those parliamentary grants in aid
of voluntary efforts. The first vote in 1839 was, as he had
observed, 30,0001.; last year, 396,9211.; and this year,
451,2131., of which 200,0001. had already been taken.
With regard to the expenditure, under the different heads
nhich embraced the far greater portion of that expendi-
ture, he hold i❑ his hand a comparative table for the last
six years, showing what the expenditure had been in each
of those years. Those heads comprised school build-
ings, pupil teachers, Queen's scholars, students in train-
ing schools, certificated masters and mistresses, and in-
spectors. The comparative table also 'showed the
number of schools inspected in each of those years, the
number of children present at the examination to which
the schools were subjected, and the per-tentage in each
year of children above 10 years of age. These six years
began with the year 1850 and ended with 1855. In the
year 1850 the amount expendei was in round figures
123,0001.
In 1851 £164,000
In 1852 189,000
In 1853... 2 40,000
In 1854 3'26,000
In 1855 369,000
It would be observed that the expenditure last year was
le.e than the amount which had been voted by Parlia-
ment; but the committee were pledged to make grants
under certain circumstances, which he believed would
fully exhaust the money voted, and placed oy Parliament
in their hands. The number of school buildings erected,
enlarged, or improved, out of the grants, in each year
was—

In 18T:5
The number of inspectors had also increased in conse-
quence of the increase of business, and the larger num-
ber of schools requiring inspection. They were—
In 1850
In 1851
In 1852
In 1853
In 1854
In 1855
The number of schools under separate teachers, in-
spected in each of those years was—
In 1850
In 1851
In 1852
In 1853
In 1854
In 1355

alarm and distrust as to the intentions and feelings of the
house ou the subject of education. After recapitulating in
some detail the result and main features of the debates
which took place on Lord J. Russell's resolutions, the right
hou. gentleman said after the division by which the first
resolution of the noble lord's was negatived by a majority
of 1.‘./2, he mid that it could not be a matter of sur-
prise that the friends of education out of doors felt some-
what perplexed at the proceedings of the house. He
htlievol the feeling out of doors was that the house,
by that great majority, was adverse to the extension
of public education in the country. (No, no.) He
did not think so himself. He believed that all which that
division meant was that that great majority was unfavour-
able to the plan of the noble lord. He was himself in favour
of the principles of those resolutions, though there were
parts of the plan from which ho differed. Although he was
him: el; in favour of a compulsory rate, he; thought the
noble lord was premature in that proposal. he;
that
plan embraced an attack upon a great number of charities,
and he thought that the in .jority against the plan was very
much swollen by those who wore alarmed at this part of
the plan. Another part of the plan to which objection was
taken was the intervention of the quarter Eessions in the
levying of the educational rate. Looking at these facts he
thought he was justilied in saying that the majority against
the noble lord's plan showed not that the home was opposed
to the extension of education in the country, but merely
to the plan intro luced by the noble lord. Adverting to the
speech of Mr. Gladstone during the debate in question, he
read from it a passage of great eloquence, in which the right
hon. gentleman expressed his preference for a system of
voluntary education with material assistance from the
State, to a general system of national education, which he
thought likely to mid in " hard irreligion ;" and he was
proceeding to examine it when-
Mr. EWART rose and called him to order, on the ground
that it was against order to refer to past debates in the
same session of Parliament.
The CHAIRMAN explained that this rule did not apply
to proceedings in committee of the whole house.
Sir J. PAKINQTON said that ho had not taken the
course which he had pursued without ascertaining that it
's ftfry br
-

was free from objection on the grounds which had been ad-
verted to. He thought that they were justified in saying
that the state of great masses of the country, from want of
education was such, that if you looked at the population
in our gaols and workhouses, you would find thousands who
did not know the name of the Saviour or of God, and who
were entirely unacquainted with the idea of religion. Ho
did not know for himself how we could have a state of
things more fatal to religion, than that "hard irreligion"
which—to quote the right hon. gentleman's words —wad
now prevailing in England, and the metropolis particu-
larly. Could we then rely for its re►noval on the 300,0001.
or 500,0001. annually voted by Parliament in aid of the
voluntary system, to meet the educational requirements of
the day ? His answer was in the negative. His hon. friend
the member for Dudley had said that he trusted too much
to gaol and prison statistics to support his views. It was,
however, a great injustice to say that he relied mainly on
gaol statistics; but, on the other hand, he thought that
any one would take a very imperfect view of the subject

The children present at the examinations were— who excluded from his consideration the general statistics
In 1850 214,873 with respect to gaols and workhouses. Why was there
. In 1851 256,e83 such a large gaol and pauper class at present? Was it true
In 1859
.
- In 1853 360,777 house population, who, from want of a better training and
In 1854 473,214 a more sound and liberal policy on this question, were
In 1865 . 569,076 being trained and educated to end their days in gaols and
The petecentage of children at the Pcho o 1 s , above ten workhouses ? He had only the other day met with Mr.
Aubin, the head-master of the Great Metropelitan District
years of age, had not materially advanced ; on the con•
Workhouse school at Annerly. He told him that last
teary, be was sorry to say that it had slightly decreased. year the admissions to that school were upwards of 1,00.
It was- . Tho children admitted ranged from an early age to four-
In 1850 41 0 • 37.17 teen ; the average being about nine or ten. Of these 70 or.
In 1851 36.75 80 per cent, came in in a state of the most perfect igno-
Ia 1852
In 1853 • 36.09 Tuffnell, the workhouse school intimater, would also be
In 1854 '
In 1855 33.44, those of Mr. Anbin. He said that he thought it fair to
The number of inspectors he bad given comprised those say that 73 per cent. of the lower classes of Loudon were in
whO were termed her Majesty's inspectors of schools, act- a state of utter ignorance. Again, Mr. Cook, another
IN' nhPr the direction and authority of the Committee metropolitan inspector of schools, said that if we wanted
01 Council on Education, and was exclusive of five the lower classes in the metropolis to be decently oda-
vcrkhoose school inspectors. Now, these figures, sup- catod, we must provide school accommodation to a
Pi:lll:nte, hoe,
the thought,ndva advantages
I satisfactory
derived
from
nain dt
be encouraging
grants, netgreater extent than at provide. or than mere voluntar
Parliamentaryele efforts were likely to provide. In the face of those
to which thbe'y facts, he asked what became of the statements of his
onlyrain the increase of the school heilaingF4, right honourable friend tho member for the Univer-
gments were at first almost exclusively li-
schools were erectaendsof
mired, and sity of Oxford, that we might trust to the combination of
which grants a vast number of voluntary efforts with material assistance from the State,
or improved, but still more in reis- The persons upon whom in the course of his argument he
jog the qualifications
ndand number of masters and mis- had relied were chaplains of workhouses and gaols, clergy-
tresees in schools intended
of expenditureP
edhefor the education of the great men with parochial charges, all of . whom pressed their
detatnhdescoofunthtry. Timeet the
betty of the people throughout
increased and increasing awna: t: s e upon
sstlolef
rraettnetnlettinoennowf
hPnlerlicaliaLenst.werlo'hmeroe,twnasro.aelnsot
dde;xf°creendeewd hbeyasd4B,oool. rteheeen tray et ahr , 14
the grant for g year, they he meant her Majesty's inspeCtors who visited through-
-1,1 ili,IN,
pt or
opproosvei
tooklastplace were e country, who were paid by the State in order that
might inquire into ere
important matter. All these
The heads under which the increase
chiefly the following :—First, the estimate for ‘grant.s to parties told the same story. One might prefer one system,
and one another, but there had been no difference iu the
gratuities tendency of their reports. All tended to the same point,
pay the annual stipends of pupil teachere, and
e 4 instructing yiz., that extended means of education were absolutely ne-
tts the echeolmasters and schooltnistress •
them," was increased from 145,000/. to 15e,000/., a dif• c.essary and must be provided. .What was the evidence,
ference of 10,0001. this year over the last. The estimate and what was the opposition to allthese statements? What
for capitation grants is England and Wales was in. dill they }star on these strangs facts? Theories and opiaions,
creased from 12,
1 ful tl:%1
12,0001. to 40,0011., being an ,increase of much and very striking eloquence ; but it there was one
Dory. But thrr main thing that education did not at present stand in need of it
28,0001. "For grants in augmentation of the gaieties to 1
svz,s eloquence. Two things were wanted—first, an im-
schoolmasters and schoolmistresses, who have obtained,
t proved machinery • and the second, money. Inspectors
upon examination, certificates of merit, and whose schools
have been favourably reported on he her Majesty's in- )tpiamintted, and the experiment had ieroveedusioateut cceiss.-
specior," the estimate last year wax 47,000/. ; this year,
eye" ft'lr`he child utile° lzies-
linth:_anhtouwsesswrnouolnd 1 g
57,0001., or an increase of 10,0001. For grants to as. educated contributed 2d. per week, but 6d, a week was