The Sun.
London, England, 1834-05-21 00:00:00

BETTING AT MANCHESTER.

MANCHESTER, TUESDAY MORNING. .
Our ow•n meeting now absorbs attention. The entries
for the plates closed yesterday, and excel those of Chester
and Liverpool ; the course is in fine condition, and consi-
derable sport is anticipated. Some weighty engagements
have been made, and at the present hour the prices are as
follow

THE MANCHESTET PRODUCE STAKES, P.P.
6to i on Mr. llouldswortit's Vulpas (taken)
5 to I agst Lord Wilt,n's Arachne colt (taken)
TIIE MANCHESTER ST. LEGER, P.P.
2 to I agst Sir J Boswell's General Chasse (taken)
7 to 2 agst Mr B. Peel's Tani, k (taken)
7 to 2 ag t Mr. Skipsey's Inheritor (taken)
7 to 1 agst Mr. Tomes's Mischance
THE MANCETSER TRADE CUP, P.P.
5 to 2 agst Lord Wilton's Languish (taken)
4 to 1 agst any other.
THE DERBY.
4 to 1 agat Mr Watt's Bubastes (no layers)
5 to 1 agst Mr. Batson's Pienipotei Vary
5 to 1 agat Duke of Cleveland's ,hilelalt
7 to 1 agst Lord Jersey s Glencoe
16 to I agst Duke of Grafton's Olympic
18 to 1 agst Sir M. Wood's Br to Marpessa •
No others mentioned.
There is a great disposition to lay against Plenipotentiary

THE GREAT BT. LEGER.
The result of the York Derby, &c., will produce consi-
derable business, and important changes.

OXFORD, MAY 19.

Congregations will be holden for the purpose of granting
graces and conferring degrees on the following days in the
ensuing Act Term :—Wednesday, May 21 ; Wednesday,
May 28 ; Tuesday, June 3 ; Saturday, June 7 ; Tuesday,
June 17 ; Wednesday, June 25 ; Saturday, July 5.
On Tuesday, the Ist of July, a Congregation will be
holden solely for the purpose of admitting Inceptors to
their Regency.
It will be desirable to call the attention of those members
of the University, who propose to proceed to their degrees in
the next Term, to the fact, that there will be no degree day
during the week of Encania, or, as it is usually called,
the Installation Week ; although, in order to afford every
possible facility, two days are appointed during the week
preceding, and one day early in the week following, that of
the ceremonial.

KING'S COLLEGE, LONDON.

MEDICAL SCHOOL.

A distribution of prizes and certificates of 11-,nour to the
roost meritorious students took place yeste; lay, at the
College, Somerset House. The Archbishop of Canter-
bury was in the Chair, and distributed the prizes. There
were present, besides his Grace, the Bishops of Loiadon,
Gloucester, Winchester; Ci s J. Nicholl, A. I'. Cooper;
Hey. Dr. D'o,yly ; Right Hon. H. Hobhouse; Honour-
ables H. Legge, W. S. Jones, B. Brodie.
The prizes and certificates of honour were distributed as
follow : _

____..... .
Silver Medals to ' For Certifs. of Honour to
F. Young
H. C. Metcalf Anatomy H. Lee
F. M. Parke.
Park
George Galland ... Practical Anatomy {Ward
Atkinson.
G. Smith
George Cooper ... Botany W. Baynes
G. R. Carter.
{Margetson
W. Thornthwaite ... Chyrnistry - • Freeman
Porter.
/Margetson
Richard Jones ...... Materia Medica
S. Simons.
Margetson
W. B. Whitfield... Medicine
Taylor.
....... Midwifery J Margetson
Ditto .......•••
1 Simons.

{Orwin
11. C. Metcalfe Forensic Medicine Margetson
Parke.
1.12:
lll..l3Ciar.
Margetson
nalfe
John 5im0n......... Surgery
}MedicalF or SWu .eCpr I.runßrfiGoebieeinnneser:an.l
Turner Lee Medical Students, for
pthreomficieinneilmeiaigideubuys
7aGiorl.dl,eat Medalsbe,s
Prizes
Knowledge.
The PRINCIPAL then, in a short speech, addressed the
Archbishop, and expressed great satisfaction at the pro-
gress made by the medial students, and the orderandgood
Conduct which they had observed, and, as a proof of it, re-
marked that he had not been called on to animadvert on
the conduct of any of them during the last session.
The Bishop of LONDON moved a vote of thanks to his
Grace for his kindness in taking the Chair, and for the
mode in which he had distributed the prizes.
The ARCHBISHOP returned thanks, expressedhis delight
at the progress made by the respective classes, and trusted
that the young men would not only distinguish themselves
in after life by skill and proficiency in their profession, but
also by other qualities which were highly necessary in phy-
sicians and surgeons—namely, integrity, honour, prudence,
benevolence, and piety.

On Monday night a meeting of the dissen-
ters was held in Finsbury Chapel, Moorfields, to esta-
blish a voluntary church society. Thomas Wilson, Esq.,
took the chair. He said the meeting was called to
consolidate into one union all persons who were deter-
mined to support the voluntary principle in carrying
on religious systems. J. B. Brown, LL.D., the Rev.
fieuigh, of Glasgow, the Rev. Mr. Burnett, the Rev.
J. E. Giles, and others, addressed the assembly, and
the meeting was adjourned to Monday next.
CLERICAL LONGEVITY.—There is at pre-
sent living in the county of Stirling, and enjoying good
health, a person who was ordained to a pastoral con-
gregation in the United Secession Church on the 30th
of April, 1764---being exactly seventy years since he
was ordained a minister of the Gospel, and had he still
continued to be a pastor in that connexion, would have
been the father of the secession church. We believe
the Rev. Dr. Alexander Pringle, minister of one of
the congregations in Perth, to be the oldest ordained
minister living in the United Secession Church, that
gentleman having been ordained at Perth on the 7th
of August, 1774, being sixty years ago. —Stirling
Journal.

A lady is about to favour the public with a
narrative of " Two Years at Sea," during which time
she visited the Swan River and Van Diemen's Land,
and was enabled to collect much new and valuable in-
formation respecting those settlements. She thence
proceeded through the dangerous passage of the
Torres Straits, and, whilst on her return to England,
landed at Rangoon, where she had an opportunity of
acquiring a considerable insight into the strange man-
ners and customs of that extraordinary people, the
Burmese. While at this place, Miss Roberts was in-
troduced to Mr. Judson, the celebrated Missionary,
whose adventures and remarkable exertions in prose-
cution of his interesting Mission she elicited from his
own lips. The impressions of a lady during such a
voyage must excite. ansiderable curiosity.

DISSENTERS.

TO THE RIGHT HON. THE EARL OF DURHAM

• My Lord,---At - the meeting of the Protestmt So-
ciety on. Saturday last, over which your lordship pre-
side.d with so much advantage to the Dissenters, in
respect both to the important practical advice which
you gave them, and to- the knowledge you gained by
personal observation of their expectations and feelings,
I had not the power of showing clearly why I inter-
rupted the proceedings ; and I hope for your lordship's
pardon if you should think my course irregular in thus
submitting a statement of my immediate object and of
the views entertained by a portion of the dissenting
community of my own and other denominations. This
portion is not very large, but it is not without its in-
fluence in and out of that community; and I doubt not
that it will become much more numerous when the
present-fervid, and sometimes unreasonable, spirit is
abated.

Dr. Baldwin Brown declared to your lordship and
the other members of the legislature who were present,
that he expressed the sentiments of the Dissenters
universally, when he said that they would greatly prefer
the present system of church-rates remaining as it is
than have the ministerial system carried throne' ; and
he accompanied this declaration with expressions re-
specting the conduct of the government towards the
Dissenters, in which many of them would not unite,
recollecting the eminent services which several of the
present ministry rendered the Dissenters in their days
of weakness and degradation, and knowing the diffi-
culties which they have to encounter in carrying into
effect what they are desirous to accomplish ; difficulties
which must be essentially increased by the language
of invective and distrust. If Dr.. B. had simply de-
clared what were the sentiments of the society, I
should have been silent, since I am not a member of
it ; but he spoke of the unanimous sentiments of the
Dissenters universally ; and, knowing that he went
much further than the fact would warrant, I thought
it my duty to address your lordship and the meeting
on the subject.
The language of different members of the govern-
ment respecting their plan for the church rates, un-
doubtedly led the Dissenters to expect that the whole
of that impost would be thrown upon the revenue of
the church, or the voluntary contribution of its mem-
bers. In this we are disappointed ; but there are
many, my lord, who are not disposed to reject indig-
nantly a great good, because it is not all we desire.
We see in the proposed measure an important ap-
proximation to a sound principle, which may, by its
effects, afford guidance to the legislature for the
future ; and we heartily desire to see that measure:
carried through as it is, if it cannot be extended; since, li
by terminating those petty vexations and fierce con-
tentions which have long arisen from the imposition of
church rates, it will contribute to the tranquillity and
welfare of the country. There can be no doubt that
our old and tried friends in the cabinet believed that it
would be satisfactory to the Dissenters. They either
see things through a medium different from ours, or
they take a more comprehensive view of the state of
the case than we do; perhaps both are fact. To me
it appears that the sense of power among the Dissenters
is exaggerated by its novelty; and that by aiming at
what is, in the present stage of knowledge and con-
viction, unattainable, even if desirable, there is much
risk of our overthrowing measures which are practi-
cable, and which, if not all we want, are likely to be a
great benefit to the community at present, and will
make way for further advances when the public mind
is adequately prepared for them.
I have, in several publications, maintained the broad
principle of dissent, which opposes the interference of
the civil power in matters of religion ; and I doubt not
that the time will come when the state will be justified
in leaving the support of religious services entirely to
the influence of the voluntary principle; but I see a
wide difference between a new community like the
United States, and one in which, like England, the sys-
tem of an established church is inwrought with the
sentiments and habits of a large portion of the popu-
lation. Any sudden and extensive change in that sys-
tem would be attended, in our country, with so much
disarrangement of social order and religious welfare,
that no wise government would propose or legislature
sanction it.

The support of religious services by the state, given
as in France to several communities, and the exclu-
sive establishment of one as in England, are two
points which are often confounded. The dissenting
principle objects to both, and the great mass of those
ministers who now separate from the church of Eng-
land would reject the support of the state, even if
given alike to all denominations. I trust it never wi I
be in this part of our nation. Your lordship heard it
stated that three bodies of Presbyterians in Ireland,
holding Unitarian sentiments, receive the national
grant towards the support of their ministers : the much
more numerous body of Trinitarian Presbyterians in
that country do the same. The only instance I know
of in which it was refused was by my friend Mr. Mar-
tineau, now of Liverpool, who relinquished his congre-
gation in Ireland in consequence. As long as the
support of the state is needed for the religious ser-
vices of that country, I know not why it should not be
given to the vastly preponderating majority, the Ca-
tholics. An exclusive establishment there, is surely,
my lord, an anomaly, and a source of great evil. I
have no doubt that it is a dead weight on the progress
of Protestant principles.
The evils arising from an exclusive establishment
and its influence on social relations, have long been
painfully experienced by the Dissenters ; and the best
friends of the Church of England are those who desire
to free it from all that tends to prevent or obstruct its
great spiritual purposes, to remove from those who are
within its pale all needless restraints on christian
liberty and the exercise of private judgment, and to
check towards those without it every manifestation of
a hostile domineering spirit. The great support of the
exclusive spirit was long maintained by the Test and
Corporation Acts ; that which now operates most
among the cultivated classes of society is the limita-
tion of the literary advantages and honours of the uni-
versities by tests, which, at the same time, continually
lead to great moral evil, even among the members of
the church, and are essentially pernicious. Notwith-
standing the indiscriminating hospitality and liberal
spirit exercised in those noble establishments during
the meetings of the British Associations for Science,
the Dissenters who were present (and many of at least
my own denomination were) could not but feel that
when the week of science was over, we were to be
viewed as aliens and outcasts.

Those evils, however, which are most extensively
experienced by the Dissenters, arise from the want of
a general registration of births, marriages, and deaths.
The dissenting body, and the community at large, are
under very great obligations to Mr. Wilks, for his
efficient and able services in reference to it. He made,
at the meeting, some objections to the system just
proposed by Mr. Brougham ; but the importance of
the measure is exceedingly great ; and as none will
be found free from all objection, the legislature will,
I trust, speedily carry it through, with such improve-
ments as prospective views may suggest. If the ap-
propriation of another 250,0001. of the national re-
sources would make it a perfect measure, the govern-
ment might well set off that, for the sake of the Dis-
senters, against the same sum which they felt it so
great a grievance to have appropriated to the repair
of the national edifices for religious worship, since em-
ployed by one denomination alone. A good marriage
system for the Dissenters would easily be grafted upon
a sound system of registration.
When we have gained, as we shall gain, the removal
of all definite practical grievances, the exclusive spirit,
which no legislation can cure, and which dissent itself
does not subdue, will still cause great evils. This
will, however, vanish before the enlarged and enlight-
ened views of social relations and duties which are
rapidly diffusing themselves through the community.
The promotion of such views is eminently in your
lordship's power ; and your course on Saturday, as
well as in various other circumstances, must essen-
tially contribute to it.
I am, my Lord,
With true respect and thankfulness,
Your Lordship's obedient servant,
May 19. LANT CARPENTER.

The foundation stone of the monument to be
erected to the memory of the late Earl of Plymouth,
on Bromsgrove Lickey, was laid l'y Lord Lyttleton
on Thursday, in presence of the High Sheriff, the
Rev. Lord Ashton, Lord Homesdale, Hon. Colonel
Clive, the Members of the Committee, Officers of the
Yeomanry, and a large concourse of highly respectable
residents of the country. The monument is intended
to be an obelisk, standing on a pedestal 17 feet high,
and almost 20 feet square ; and the total height of the
whole structure will be 91 feet six inches. It is to be
built of Anglesea marble, and the site is in the centre
of a plantation of larches and firs on the summit of the
hill, from which it will form a conspicuous object to
the whole of the surrounding country.—Birmingham
Journal.

ARCHITECTURAL IMPROVEMtNT OF
THE WESTERN PART OF LONDON.

The band of improvement has been so busy of late
years, in widening thoroughfares, decorating frontaues,
and moulding masses of edifices into new and ele_ ant
forms, in the western part of the metropol s, t at 1 ro-
bably, in the judgment of those s,fl,erpersons who re-
:nen:Ler London in the middle of the last en-
tnry-, with its snug and crowded avenue inn va-
:ion has outstripped the demand for it. Mr. Sy-lney
Smirke, however, has shown in a well-wr tte
and readab e little work, that we have as yet
scarcely crossed the threshold, and that London
demands a much more sweeping reform of its edifices
and thoroughfares to satisfy the wants and conve-
niencies of the present time, and to place it on a par
with the metropolitan cities of the continent, which
exult in their Corso, Strada Nuova, and Heireng sse:
In his " Suggestions for the Architectirid In pro. ernent
of the Western part of London," he excludes all chin.
•ical projects, confining himself to such as demand a
,noderate outlay of capital, and involve no sacrifice
which may not be met by indemnity or repaid by the
improvement itself.
He premises that a large portion of We'st • London
is covered by houses built prior to the Building Act,4
which are consequently precarious, and less profitable
property, and that the recent improvements in the drt.
of building, by the greater mechanical skill employed',
the substitution of iron for timber, the introduction of
the artificial concrete substratum for foundations, the
amelioration of the quality of bricks, and the extinction
of the dry-rot by the tanking process, increase the
value and permanence of houses to proprietors of land,
and are consequently motives to building'.
His first suggestion is the formation of a p§rinanent
board or commission, invested with powers to fir-intend and direct architectural improvements, the
rangement of streets, sewage, &c. This project,.
which has been urged by Gwynn and others, should
be adopted as soon as it is found practicable to unite a
body of men qualified by sufficient skill, disposed to
act in concert, exempt from all partiality, and deter-
mined enemies to jobbing, and not till then.
Amongst the most obvious improvements Mr-
Smirke mentions the extension of Piccadilly and
Coventry-street towards the east. As far as Leicester-
square nothing, he says, could be more easy, by pull-
ing down the two sides of Sidney's-alley, rebuilding
the left on a larger scale in a line with the north side
of Coventry-street. Eastward of the square the north
side of Bear-street might be altered, and the houses
on the same side of the court leading into St. Martin's-
lane pulled down. This would open an easy and
straight carriage-avenue from Piccadilly to Covent-
garden-market and the theatres ; and Mr. Smirke
proposes to form a large piazza (an open space, not,
as vulgarly understood, a covered avenue), somewhat
in the shape of a quadrant, of which the two straight
sides or radii would be the two theatres, and the carve,
a handsome range of houses having a covered colon-,
nade in front. The area, besides affording a conve=
nient receptacle for the crowd of carriages, would ex-
pose the facade of both theatres to a more distant view,
which is essential to the just appreciation of that of
Covent-garden, " the first pure example of the Greek
Doric style erected in London ;" the perfect symmetry
of the component parts, one of the charms of this style,
is lost to the eye when the object is viewed too near.
This line might, he observes, be continued onwards
through the populous and ill-arranged district between
Holborn and Temple-bar, purifying the olefiant vici-
nity of Ohre-market, by carrying from the New'
Piazza a wide street eastward to Carey-street, con,
necting it with the Strand near St. Clement's church
by a branch in the direction of St. Clement's-lanes
thus superseding Wych-street. Such an improve-
ment would be of vast advantage to the property of
St. Clement's and New Inns, and afford facilities for
amending the sewage of the district, which is very
imperfectly drained.'
A subsidiary improvement to this, wnicn would c 4
sect the inconveniences attending the confined avenues
of Chancery and Fetter-lanes, would be the extend-
ing Serle-street southward through the intervening
alleys to the Strand, at Pickett-place, which would
open an advantageous thoroughfare, with little sacri-
fice of property • and by converting Great Turnstile
into a serviceable carriage-way, the cross communica-
tion between the two great parallel thoroughfares will
be well established.

The next improvement is the forming a direct line
of communication between the east end of Oxford-
street and Holborn, so that instead of the awkward
sinuous access by St. Giles's Church, a broad
thoroughfare may lead from Oxford-street into
born near Lyon- street, traversing and diluting with
wholesome air the wretched and filthy districts called
the " Rookery" and the " Holy Land." This vile
part of the city, indeed, Mr. Smirke proposes to raze
entirely ; " let all the tenements from Bainbridge-
stre.n southward, as far as the backs of the houses in
B:oad-street, be taken down, and let the same be
d )ne from the back of High-street, as far as Charlotte-
street, eastward, without sparing such of the worst
parts further eastward as may be necessary to complete
the desired avenue." The cleared ground, which
Mr. Smirke considers a focal point, he proposes to
cover with a market, a military depot, offices, and re-
sidences for men of business, &c.

To (tract the very desirable object of accomplishing
a good avenue north and south through the streets
and lanes between the Strand and Broad-street, St.
Giles's, he proposes to prolong the new street now in
progress from the Strand to Long Acre, by adopting
the line of Hanover and Belton-streets; from the,
latter a slight inclination would lead the new street
into Broad-street, at a point immediately opposite
Plumtree-street, which might be widened to the full
width of Charlotte and Gower-streets, with which it
alligns; and thus, " a tolerably straight and commodi-
ous thoroughfare, nearly two miles and a half in
length, would be obtained, extending from the obelisk
in Surrey to the Hampstead-road, and thence into the
great North-road." . .

- The next new line of communication proposed is
between Westminster and Tottenham-court-road,
which will be effected by straightening and widening
St. Martin's-lane, at comparatively small expense.
The want of a ready and direct communication,
north and south, between Oxford-street and Piccadilly,
eastward of Regent-street, leads Mr. Smirke to
suggest the prolongation of the Haymarket south, by
taking down a portion of the east side of Great Wind-
mill-street, at the south end, a portion of the west side
further north, and the east side of Little Windmill-
street and Cambridge-street, which would afford a
wide and nearly straight street from the Haymarket to
Broad-street, to be continued on the opposite side by
Poland-street.

The expense of these improvements Mr. Smirke
estimates at less than 150,0001., an outlay which he
thinks will be far more than balanced by the increased
value given to property.
The alterations suggested in the " courtly quarter
of the town" are equally bold. Mr. Smirke proposes
to open a new carriage-way into St. James's Park
from the Strand, in Spring-gardens, and another from
St. James's-street, through the Palace ; to clear the
" island of houses" between Parliament-street and
King-street; to remove the old decayed buildings at
the east end of New Palace-yard, and convert the
ground into an embanked terrace, embellished with a ba-
lustrade and a stately flight of stairs to the water. But
the boldest of his plans in this part are three ; one,
for the transfer of the courts of law from Westminster-
hall to a building in the centre of the great area of
Lincoln's-Inn-fields ; a second, to erect a suite of par-
liamentary buildings on the slope of the high ground
in the Green-park ; and lastly, to erect a national
edifice, " a lofty pile of antique architecture," to re-
ceive the monuments of illustrious men, on the north
bank of the Serpentine-river, in Hyde-park. Very
pretty imaginative sketches of the two last edifices are
given at the end of the book.
These are projects which must, perhaps, be re
served for another generation ; the preceding, the
object of which is not merely to adorn and beautify
the metropolis, but to render it more salubrious and
more convement,are of a sober and practicable character.
It should be mentioned that Mr. Smirke makes
ample provision for the poor and needy classes ex-
pelled from their haunts by these improvements, and
his plan for constructing dormitories in each parish,
on a simple plan, to sepersede the execrable lodging-
houses of vagrants, is evidently worthy of consideration.

MURDER.—An altercation having taken
place, on Monday evening last, at Knockinbeard,
parish of Inscb, between a young man named Alex-
ander Brown, jun. (who, with some boys, was on the
road side), and three men who•were driving carts, one
of the boys threw a stone, and a scuffle ensued. In
the course of the struggle, William :llait!and, one of
the carters, received a dreadful blow on ti e head front
Brown with the shaft of a spade, by which his skull
was so sluickingly fractured that he died in a few hours:
His widow, far advanced in pregnancy, and four infant
children, are thus left destitute.--Edinburgh Paper.

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

Lord Brougham, after all the promises about
other matters, and we willingly admit from

other quarters, has in his own person struck
the first blow against Church abuses, and in

doing so has hit the nail upon the head. It is
to be observed that much confusion prevails

upon the subjerj of church reform, in reference
to those are affected by the want of it, and
who Ir:ve therefore a ri&ht to demand it: That
in ''Bich the whole nation would have a con-

tern—viz., tho mode in which, and the degree
to which, the temporal comforts of the people
generally might be pressed upon for the pecu-
niary support of the church of England—would,
broadly speaking, be a political and financial
question ; it would have nothing to do with the
administration of the chnrch=qt would not in-
volve the business of church abuses, but merely
the principle of the church establishment itself
in its re atiou to the tangible and material
interests 431' those who did not belong to it, as
well as of those who did. A law for the
conversion of tithe into tax is one which
concerns the whole body of the commu-
nity, because a universal inconvenience,
arising out of the form of any property,
if removable by Act of Parliament, without at-
tacking the title or essence of the property, is
one of which all sects have a right to complain,
and to struggle for its abolition. The bill for
the commutation of tithe, we repeat, is one of
iZsmediate and obvious importance to the whole
country ; and we cannot quarrel with Quakers,
Independents, Presbyterians, Unitarians, Ca-
tholics, any more than with members of the
church of England, for eagerly helping to effect
it. But this is not' church reform." Reform
of abuses refers to matters of internal discipline
or regulation in the establishment. No one has
A right to meddle with these but members of the
hurch. It is nothing to Dissenters of any de-
uomination how many pluralists there may be
among the clergy of the church of England,
or how many non-residents, or how rich the
bishoprics, and deaneries, and golden prebends
.—or how miserable the curates' salaries. Such
defects and deformities in our church system
Ate deeply injurious to the character of the
cl'iurch, and to the cause of religion, in so far
as the religious interests of its own members
may suffer from them ; but it is an affair which
lies beyond the jurisdiction of dissenters, to
whom our clergy never preach, and who osten-
tatiously, and even offensively, repudiate their
doctrines, reject their spiritual character, and
condemn the whole established hierarchy as a
thing unsanctioned by the Scriptures. It is
not because of such men, therefore, nor at the
beck of such men, however pure in their lives,
or respectable for their attainments, but alto-
gether aliens, as they are, to our communion,
that a " reform" in the discipline, habits, and
interior management of the church of England
has become desirable. It is for our own
sakes,—it is that we may ourselves be more
effectually instructed in the tenets of our own
approved faith,—that the duties of our ministers
may be more thoroughly fulfilled, that non-con-
formists to the church of England may no
longer have over it, any of those advantages for
the increase of proselytism which they are so
apt to boast of—it is for ends like these that an
internal " reform" of the established church
has become unavoidable, if we wish it not to
perish before our eyes ; and it is to answer such
ends of domestic amelioration, apart from all
questions in which dissenters have the smallest
right of meddling or mixing, whether as parties
or arbitrators, that bills like that of Lord Chan-
cellor Brougham's, for abolishing pluralities,
and punishing the non-residence of the paro-
chial clergy, have been introduced into Parlia-
ment. The practical character of this bill, and
the immeasurable value of the two objects it
contemplates, in so far as its tendency is sub-
stantially to promote those objects, would carry
a still stronger bill in triumph through at least
one house of Parliament. We take for granted that
it is Lord Brougham's intimate knowledge of the
other house of Parliament which has deterred the
noble and learned lord from making this measure
more complete. It will be seen from the abstract
of it, which we publish, that there are points
whereon the resolution of the framer seems
to fail. 'We do not quite approve of the clause
which permits the holder of a living of perhaps
1,5001. or 2,0001. per annum to accept and re-
tain another living, provided only that the
second living does not exceed 2001. a-year.
Why should a clergyman, already so abun-
dantly provided for, have the privilege of taking
any second preferment ? We do not, again,
perceive adequate reason for some of the ex-
emptions, or for the dispensing power of the
Bishop (though subject, undoubtedly, to a
very effectual course of promulgation) being
left without appeal to or interference from any
higher quarter. But once more referring the
reader to the abstract, we congratulate the
whole community of the Established Church on
the clearness and efficacy of the great bulk of
the provisions contained in this highly salutary
measure ; and we are sure that all honest men,
and most of all the best of the clergy them-
selves, will hail with joy the passing of such
an Act of Parliament. This bill is likely, we
believe, to be followed up by other objects
analogous in principle, and of, perhaps, equally
important consequence.— Times.
We observe by the Edinburgh papers on Sa-
turday, that Sir John Campbell, the Attorney-
General, had arrived at that city on Friday
last, and that he immediately began an active
canvass for its representation. On Saturday
he addressed a great body of the constituency
with much effect, and answered the captious
questions addressed to him by his opponents
in a satisfactory manner. As he has with him
the same party who carried through so trium-
phantly the election of Mr. Jeffrey and Mr.
Abercrombie—as even the machinery of the
last election still remains to be put in requisi-
tion on the present occasion—and as the people
of Edinburgh have seen no reason to change
their political views or predilections, no doubt
is entertained of the hon. and learned gentle-
men's return by a great majority. The two
other candidates in the field cannot have the
slightest chance of success, if we can trust the
organs of public opinion in Edinburgh, or pri-
vate letters from that capital. Mr. Aytoun,
the Ultra-Radical, is a man of no politi-
cal weight or influence whatever, and the
Tory ex-provost, Learmouth, is not better
liked than the average of his despised
and discomfited faction. The meeting, which
the latter called to support his pretensions, did
not contain a single individual whose situation
in life, or whose eminence of station, or respec-
tability of character, can command, to any ex-
tent, the suffrages of their fellow citizens. The
chief performer in the assemblage was a hu-
morous well-known barrister, whose aid 'he ex-

provost ought rather to have deprecated than
courted, had he been wise. As Edinburgh is
the seat of the Scotch Supreme Courts, and
abounds more in lawyers than any other town
of the same size in the empire, the learned At-
torney-General seemed to have fallen at once
among old friends, though he has not recently
visited his native country. Knowing that the
Tories had objected to the claims of Sir J. C.
HobhoUse on the ground that he was of the
southern origin, the learned Attorney-General
dexterously rendered available to his popu-
larity, his Scottish birth, parentage, and
education, and thus showed that--if a
stupid prejudice could be made to work
against one candidate, there was no reason
why it might not, in different circumstances, be
employed in favour of another. The present week
will be a week of great pomp and bustle in our
northern capital. The parliamentary election will
take place in the midst of the sittings of the
General Assembly, or of the convocation of the
Scottish clergy, which meets on Thursday next.
The interest attached to the proceedings of this

body has not for half a century been so strong
as at the present moment, from the necessity
imposed upon them of deciding on the question
of ecclesiastical patronage, and of settling seve-
ral other points on which the welfare, or the
existence of the " kirk" depends. Sir John
Campbell, who is himself the son of a Scottish
clergyman, will be sharply catechised by his
new constituents on these points, and as dissen-
ters abound among his supporters, he will find
it difficult to please them all—the sincere
friends of the establishment, and the red-hot
zealots of " the voluntary church associations ;"
but in whatever way he may be able to sur-
mount these difficulties, he will have the conso-
lation to think that they would rather have been
multiplied than diminished to any other candi-
date.—Times.

Parliament meets this day to resume its func-
tions, after a short recess of only two days. We
trust that the honourable house wil think se-
riously of getting through the business, instead
of wasting its time in long-winded speeches, as
heretofore, and that the complaint which has
now become general without doors, will be
heard and remembered within. The measures
that still remain for decision are sufficiently nu-
merous to suggest moderation in the use of lan-
guage, if it be intended that they shall pass.
—Morning Herald.

Sir John Campbell, though a Scotchman,
left Scotland at so early an age, and has since
been so completely absorbed in the pursuits
which have secured for him independence and
reputation, that he may be said to be a stranger
in the country. His merits, however, as a
liberal politician and an enlightened law-
reformer, are well known ; and we know of no
constituency in which claims like Sir John's run
less risk of not being estimated at their just
value than that of Edinburgh. We do not be-
lieve the mere circumstance of his being a
Scotchman will have much weight, though it
may have some ; but Sir John would be an
honour to any country ; and, in returning such
a man to the House of Commons, the citizens
of Edinburgh will confer the greatest benefit on
the empire at large. We never spoke sanguinely
with regard to the Perthshire election, because,
generally speaking, the county elections ex-
hibit the degrading spectacle of men dragged
to the hustings to vote at the com-
mand of their landlords ; and not unfre-
quently cursing in their hearts the legisla-
tion which placed them under the necessity
of being obliged either to give offence to
their landlords, or to do violence to their con-
sciences. But the elections in large towns,
like Edinburgh, are really what they profess to
be, and we may therefore make them the sub-
ject of our reasonings. Personally Sir John
Campbell can have nothing to fear, any more
than he could have had at Dudley ; but his
connection with the administration, which lost
him his return at this last place, is the only
point respecting which there can be any diffi-
culty at Edinburgh. We are quite aware that
throughout the country, and consequently at
Edinburgh, as well as other places, there arc
many persons who are dissatisfied with the
conduct of ministers, especially in all cases re-
.4arding the church and dissenters ; and
though the difficulties with which ministers
must contend are more likely to be correctly
appreciated at Edinburgh than in a less en-
lightened town, it must not be concealed, that the
danger to Sir John is in this quarter. We trust,
however, there is too much good sense in the
Edinburgh electors to allow them to return a Con-
servative through these divisions, and that Mr.
lAytoun's friends, on ascertaining the impossibi-
lity of his success, will contribute to the return of
Sir John. There are many able and influential
writers and speakers in Edinburgh, by whom
the question will be placed before the electors
in its true light. No ! Edinburgh will never
disgrace itself by suffering a Conservative to be
returned through the divisions of the Reformers.
The memory of the Egyptian bondage is still
too fresh to allow them to forget what is due to
the Ministry who delivered them from it. Our
best wishes are for Sir John, whose absence
from Parliament is felt as a national loss. We
require at this time the presence of an enlight-
ened constitutional lawyer in the House of
Commons.—Morning Chronicle.
We call the attention of our readers to an
account, in another column, of the provisions
of the Lord Chancellor's Bill for the Reforma-
tion of the Abuses of the Church. The na-
tions of Europe will hardly believe, that in a
church calling itself reformed, it should be
necessary at this time of day to introduce such
a bill. On his lordship moving for leave to
bring it in, Lord Bexley observed, that the
abuses complained of existed in a greater
degree in Catholic times, and he instanced the
number of preferments of Cardinal Wolsey.
But Lord Bexley did not tell the house that
the Catholic Church, at the Council of Trent,
freed itself from the stains which still disfigure
the Church of England, and Bishop Burnet
dwelt upon this circumstance in the conclusion
to his " Memoirs of his Own Time." No
church reforms itself ; the reformation is always
forced on it, as was admitted by the Bishop of
London, when, in justification of the church,
he said, the public had only begun of late
years to be alive to its abuses. The oligarch-
ical government of the country found its chief
support in the corruptions of the church. "The
passing of the Reform Bill has, for the first
time, allowed of ecclesiastical reform ; for it
would have been strange if, in return for the
zealous endeavours of the church to abet every
practice, however demoralizing, which tended
to uphold the oligarchy, the latter had not
carefully afforded protection to every rank abo-
mination in its ally.—Morning Chronicle.

COURTMARTIAL ON CAPTAIN HUGH
PIGOTT, R.N.-(SIXTH DAY.)

The court reassembled yesterday, as usual on board
his Majesty's ship Hastings at Sheerness, pursuant to
adjournment, to proceed with the charges brought
against Capt. Hugh Pigott, R.N., by Lieut. Walker,
late commander of the Alban steam-vessel.
The interest excited at Sheerness and amongst the
naval circles in general continues unabated, and forms
the general topic of conversation.
As soon as the court was opened, the business com-
menced by Lieut. Walker entering a very long pro-
test against the proceedings of the previous day, on
the court objecting to some questions proposed to the
witnesses by him relative to certain transactions whilst
the Alban lay in the Bosphorus, although Mr. Petti-
grew had been cross-examined upon the same points by
Captain Pigott. He also protested against the indul-
gence shown to Capt. Pigott, and submitted with all
due deference that he should be protected, and not
brow-beaten by the court ; and finally requested that
his protest should be entered on the minutes of the
courtmartial.
The President, Sir R. King, K. C. 8., ordered the
court to be cleared while they deliberated upon this
point.
Upon being re-opened the JUDGE ADVOCATE stated
that the Court had directed the protest, &c., to be
entered on the minutes, and requested the prosecutor
to state any questions that he might wish to put to the
witnesses of the previous day.
Lieut. Walker said that he wished Mr. Pettigrew
might be asked, " Did the British Ambassador ever
express satisfaction at my conduct in the Alban, and
did I attend both to the pilotage and engines, and,
did I always take the directions of these matters
myself ?"
The PRESIDENT again ordered the court to be
cieared upon the admissibility of the question.
Upon the re-opening, the Court stated that it had
decided upon submitting this question to the direc-
tions of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty.
Lieutenant Walker was asked if he had any further
questions to put ? He replied that he had. He then
read a long list which he proposed to ask Mr. Petti-
grew. They related to his ( Lieutenant Walker's)
conduct, dress, and the respect paid by him to the am-
bassadors whilst on board the Alban ; also as to the
state of the vessel whilst under the command of his
predecessor, and a host of other questions.
The court was again cleared to discuss the admissi-
bility of these questions, Lieutenant Walker having
first asserted his right to re-examine the witnesses,
when new matter might be elicited from their cross-
examination by Captain Pigott. On the court being
re-opened, the Judge Advocate stated it was the opi-
nion of the court that the questions should not be put,
but, in order that full justice might be done, the court
had directed that the questions should be forwarded to
the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, in order
that the opinion of counsel might be taken on them,
as in the decision of the court upon the former question.
The examination of Samuel Phillips, the boat-
swain's mate of the Alban, was then gone into at
great length. it related to the state of the Alban at
the time Captain Pigott inspected her—whether
Lieutenant Walker had baled out his vessel regularly,
and whether the Alban, at the time of the reception
of the British Ambassador, was in a fit state for so
august a personage. His evidence was very much to
the tenor of that already adduced upon these points.
By the COURT-At the time Captain Pigott in-
spected the Alban were the arms clean ? Witness—
Yes.
By the COURT—At this time (meaning at the time
of Captain Pigott's inspection) do you consider the
Alban to have been in as clean a state as a man of war
ought to be ? Witness—She was as clean as we
could keep her.
By the COURT—Do you suppose that the immense
quantity of poultry said to be received on board about
six weeks before could have occasioned her being dirty
on the 28th of March ? Witness—No.
By the COURT—To whom did you report generally
your having baled or pumped the water out of the fore
cockpit twice a-week ? Witness—To the master.
By the COURT—Was she pumped or baled out
previous to Captain Pigott going on board that morn-
ing ? Witness—Yes.
By the COURT—Was there room for part of the
empty coal-bags being stowed away in the fore-cock-
pit, leaving a sufficient space for a man to be there
and lift up the hatch? Witness—Yes, there might
have been to lift up the hatch, but people slept there.
By the COURT-Was that the usual place for the
crew of the Alban to sleep ? Witness—lt was &noted
for two engineers, myself, and two stewards.
Sir JAMES GORDON—Do you know Lieut. Walker
of the Barham? Witness—Yes. (This is the first
lieutenant of Captain Pigott's ship, the Barham, the
same name as that of the prosecutor. )
Sir JAMES GORDON—Was he on board the Alban
with Captain Pigott at the time of the inspection ?
Witness—He was.
Captain Pigott was now asked by the court if he
had any questions to put, to which he replied in the
negative.
Lieut. Walker said that he wished the evidence of
the last witness to be read over to him, according to
the usual custom.
The COURT-It is not the usual custom, Sir.
The minutes taken by the Judge- Advocate were,
however, ultimately read to the witness, and confirmed
by him, and Lieut. Walker was informed by. the Judge
Advocate that the court had directed to be inserted in
the minutes the disrespectful manner in which they
considered it had been treated by the style in which
he (Lieutenant Walker) had addressed the court upon
this occasion.
Lieutenant Walker begged to assure the court that
he did not intend anything disrespectful: he only
thought it was the usual practice of courtsmartial to
have the examination of a witness read over to him.
Alexander Moreltnd, quartermaster of the Alban,
was called and examined.
Lieut. Walker—State what Captain Pigott said or
did at the time he inspected the Alban. Witness—l
do not exactly recollect what he said. In fact, I did
not hear him.
Lieut. Walker—l mean what he said respecting
the vessel, or whether he found any fault with the
vessel. Do you recollect his finding fault with the
decks not being scrubbed? Witness-1 recollect his
saying that the decks were not cleaned ; the word was
passed fore and aft, but I did not hear what he said.
Lieutenant Walker—Were they cleaned again im-
imedately afterwards ? Witness—They were.
Lieutenant Walker—What were the carpenter's
duties every morning ? Witness—To pump the ship
out.
Lieutenant Walker—Did he always do this on your
morning watch? Witness—Yes, always.
Lieutenant Walker—Was the vessel washed and
scrubbed every morning, except in bad weather, as
usual in the service ? Witness—Yes.
Lieutenant Walker—Was ever hot water and soap
used for scrubb;ng the paint-work, and if so, upon
what occasions generally ? Witness—After taking in
coals.
Lieutenant Walker—Do you remember the time
the Alban got on shore in the night, coming from
Constantinople? Witness—Yes, I do.
Lieutenant Walker—Do you remember any men
being sent from the Actcron to assist in cleaning her
and putting her to rights ? Witness—l do, but can't
exactly tell the number.
Lieutenant Walker—Was it a considerable time
before Captain Pigott came on board? Witness—
About six weeks.
Lieutenant Walker—Was the Alban ever cleaned
at that time? Witness—Every morning, when the
weather would permit.
Lieutenant Walker—Do you know anything about
water running into the fore cockpit ; and if so, what
occasioned it ? Witness—When the vessel is in harbour
they generally blow the steam out of the boilers, and
the water runs into the head.
Lieutenant Walker—Was there more or less water
forward when the boilers were out ? Witness—More.
Lieutenant Walker—Was it not necessary to bale
out the fore cockpit frequently on this account when
the engines were not in motion? Witness—Yes.
Lieutenant Walker—Have you ever seen the water
above the deck in the fore cockpit ? Witness—l have,
but it was a long time before you joined.
Lieutenant Walker—Was I very particular in keep-
ing the fore cockpit dry, and the vessel regularly
pumped out ? Witness—Yes you were, Sir.
Lieutenant Walker—Do you remember a large
quantity of empty coal-bags on deck at this time ?
Witness—l do not.
Lieutenant Walker—Did we bring a greater quan-
tity than usual of bags of coals from Malta to Napoli
di Romania? Witness--We did.
Lieutenant Walker—lf the empty coal-bags had
been stowed in the fore cockpit. would it have brought
the vessel still more by the head, and made it very dif-
ficult to keep the fore cockpit dry? Witness—lt
would.