The Sun.
London, England, 1851-02-20 00:00:00

NFEBRUARY 20, 1851.
7

RAILWAY TR IFFIC RETURNS.
LONDON AND NORTII-WESTERN RAILWAY.—Return of
Traffic for the week ending Feb. 16 :
Passengers. parcels, &c. £22,049 18 4
Merchandise ... ... 17,589 19 11 .
Cattle ... ... 695 7 4

Total ... £40,33S 5 7
Corresponding week last year 38,003 0 8
Note.—The returns as published are exclusive of the
traffic of the Huddersfield Canal and Shropshire Union, North
Union, Preston and Wyre, South Junction, Manchester and
Buxton, and Buckinghamshire Railways, and, f the propor-
tion of traffic deducted under agreement with the North
Staffordshire Company.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.—Return of traffic for the
week ending Feb. 16 ... £13,613 13 5
Corresponding week last year... 12,552 .17 11

LANCASHIRE AND YORKSHIRE RAILWAY. (260 miles
open.) —Traffic for week ending Feb.l6 ....£13,541 19 10
Corresponding week in last year, (219
miles open) .. —£10,826 19 11
Nolan STAFFORDSHIRE RAILWAY.—(MiIes Open,ll2.)
Return of traffic for the week ending Feb. 9:—
Railway and canal £1,099 0 0
Corresponding week last year ... 4,138 0 0
Note. —The above is exclusive of the receipts available
under the agreement with the London and,North-Western
Railway Company.

CHESTER AND HOLYHEAD RAILwAY4-.Traffie for the
week ending Feb. 16:—
MAIN LINZ. t

Passengers ...
Parcels, H. C. and D.
Goods, cattle, &c.
Mails ...

• 026 16 8
• 76'• 3 9
• 632 .11 9
.5 0 0
..,, X 2,010 2

Total
MOLD.

Passengers ... _ __
Parcels, H. C. and D. ... ...
Goods, cattle, &c.

... X4O 14 10
2 11 9
... 107 9 5

Total

£15016 0
STEAM-BOATS.
Passengers ... ZIII 10 7
Parcels, 11. C. and D. ... l5 0
Total ... X 12611 3
LONDON AND BLACKWALL RAILWAY.—.4OIIIIt of revenue
for the week ending Feb. 16:—
Passengers .4740 3 7
Goods ... 24 0 0

... ...

Total ... ...764 3 7
Corresponding week last year 599 5 8

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.

ROUSE OF COMMONS; Feb. 19.
REMOVAL OF SMITHFIELD-MARKET.

The following is a fuller report of the debate on this
subject than we were enabled to give in our paper of
yesterday:—
Sir G. GREY rose to ask for leave to bring in a Bill
for the removal of Smithfield-market.—(Hear, hear.)
The subject was one which had been brought frequently
under the consideration of the House ;in past sessions,
and it was not necessary, therefore, to enter into an ex-
planationni en tof aof
Committeetcircumstancesheio
1849 . which
Thatled
ct
Committee
lot hole
itatperhinatd-
heard evidence, and had proposed a series of resolutions
on the subject submitted to them. In those resolutions
they recommended the removal of Smithfield-market
altogether, and proposed to make a new market on some
site more convenient to all parties, and, more conducive
to the general health, order, and cleanliness of the me-
tropolis. After the Committee made their report to the
House, the Government referred the consideration of
the whole subject to a Commission of seven gentlemen,
two of whom were connected with the city of London,
which, by ancient charter, bad long possessed the right
of regulating the market of Smithfield, and instructed
them to consider the question of convenience to the
public at large, and the consequences which resulted
from the position of that market. The Commission
were net unanimous in their report, but the
exceptions to the voice of the other members were the
two gentlemen connected with the city of London; and,
with those exceptions, the Commission were unanimous.
They considered not only the evidence taken by the Com-
mittee, but had before them in detail the plans prepared
by the city: of London for the improvement of Smith-
field; and the question fur them was, whether the plans
proposed by the City, and of which be was bound in
justice to say the City authorities afforded the most ample
explanations, would meet tho evils complained of, and
provide sufficient remedy for the inconveniences which
had been proved to exist.—(Hear, hear.) It was not
necessary for him to go into the details of the measure
which had been adopted by Government, as the House
would have ample opportunities of considering them in
future stages of the Bill, and he did not anticipate any
lengthened discussion upon the present motion, or any
opposition to laying the Bill on die table. e would
only say that the Commission, having the plans proposed
by the City before them, and giving the City ample cre-
dit for the great improvements which would, no doubt,
be made if those plans were carried into effect, came to
the conclusion that it was expedient to remove the mar-
ket from its present site, and that it should no longer
remain in the heart of a populous and crowded city.—
(Hear, hear.) After the Commission:bad reported the
result of their inquiry to the Crown,ialetter was written
by his directions to the City Reaaembrancer, dated
June 24, 1850, and inclosing the report. The letter was
as follows:
" I am directed by Secretary Sir George Grey to en-
close, for your information, a copy of: the report made
by the Commissioners appointed by her Majesty to in-
quire into Smithfield-market, and the markets of the city
of London fo. the sale of meat, and to request that you
will bring under the notice of the corporation the re-
commendation of the Commissioners with respect to the
discontinuance of the present market at Smithfield, and
the establishment of a new market fOr the sale of cattle
in a place without the City, and detached from the cen•
tral portion of the metropolis. Before a Bill founded on
the recommendations of the Commissioners is proposed
to Parliament, Sir George Grey is aesirous of ascertain-

ing whether the corporation are willing to undertake the
task of constructing a new cattle-market without the
limits of the City, and of exercising the supervision of it
when formed."
To that letter the City Remembrancer sent the following
reply on the 31st of July:—
" Sir,—ln answer to your letter of the 24th of June, I
am directed by the Markets Improvement Committee of
the Corporation of London, in pursuance of an order of
the Court of Common Council of . the 23d of July,
to,: state, that your letter, and ' the reports accom-
panying it, have been fully and itatnrely considered;
and, the notice of the corporation ',having been drawn
by your letter to the recommendation of five of the
Commissioners for the discontinuance of the present
market at Smithfield, and the establishment of a new
market for the sale of cattle without' the City, the cor-
poration are advised to protest npinit the Commission
being used for the purpose of affecting the rights pre-
scriptive, chartered, and Parliementsrily and judicially
confirmed to the corporation of Loudon, and cannot con-
cur in the proposed removal of the market from the
place where it has been held by tfii3.citix.e.ns of London
from time immemorial under the eiiininon law and their
sceovnefinr nimeildesbyofPtahreliament, and lately sup-
charters, which prOhibit the establlghinent of any other
eitYL:t and which char-
ters
have within
been
ported by the judgment of the House of Lords, assisted
Of London, therefore,
maintain those charters
feelby t ithemselves
calledT h ecuorppoonrattioon
for the sake of the public and of their fellow-citizms; and
Bill as that referred to
in rely
your with
letter
confidence
to Parliament. The
corporation having recently prepared a eon
prehensive
will
be that h a
pt
r n
proposed
osa uecdh
the sugges-
ef the several Select
Committees of the House of Commons,
tpiloanns andpo i n model,t
ed out
and proposed
means for effecting it, they cannot
undertake the task
fboyr thetbe purpose
reports of meeting
of constructing a new market without
the limits of the
City, for which no site, nor plan,nor estimate is sug-
gested; while the plan proposedh
by
the corporation is
ready, when sanctioned by Parliament, for immediate
execution."
In other words, the Government were desirous that the
supervision of the new market should continue in the
hands of the city of London, in the hope that the city,
would have acted on the recommendations of the Com-
missioners. The corporation, however, by their letter,
declared they would take no share in the concerns of the
new market. It therefore became the duty of Govern-
ment to consider how the recommendation of a Com-
mittee of that House and the report of the Commis-
sioners should be carried into effect. A. Bill had been
framed
dwewre its with
hthAnochijpeanl provisions. In the first place,
4 and he would briefly state
what
it would
ofou five persons,ldempower to betheCrown to appoint a Commis-
sion incorporated under the name
of " The Metropolitan Cattle Market Commissioners."
These Commissioners would have power and would Le
authorised to provide at cattle-market in lieu of Smith-
field, having at the same time full discretionary powers
left to them as to the choice of a site for the new
meat
-market,
to provide a
e conveniences
be authorised
requisite
for bath the markets thus to be created. The Com-
missioners farther would have power to make bye-
, laws as to the days and hours for holding the mar-
kets, as well as for their regulation and conduct in-
ternally. They would be empowered to fix a table of tolls
and a table of payments in respect of cattle, horses, and
meat sold in the market, and of the use of pens
and lairs, with a power to levy such tolls, rates, and
payments, subject to the proviso that they were not to
exceed an amount to be fixed in a schedule to the Bill.
The Commissioners were to report to the Secretary of
State when the markets were ready for public use, and a
notice would then be inserted in the Gazette as to the
time when the markets would be opened, and after a
time to be specified in such notice Smithfield would cease
to be a market, and no new cattle market would be
allowed to be created within five miles of St. Paul's.—
(Hear, hear.) The Commissioners of Police would have
authority to regulate the routes and hours for driving
cattle to and from the market. The Market Commis-
sioners by other provisions of the Act would be em-
powered to raise money by mortgage on future tolls for 1
the necessary expenses. They would be required to fix (
penalties, as directed by the Bill, which would provide for enforcing their payment, and they would also have I

to keep accounts of all transactions in their depart-
-1 ment; provision was made for auditing and publishing
those accounts, and the Commissioners would be re-
quired to make an annual report to the Secretary of
State to lay before Parliament. The Bill also gave
them power toinquire into the state of all slaughter-houses,
and provided that all slaughter-houses, except those
under the Act, should be licensed by justices at quarter
sessions. These were the principal portions of the Bill.
He believed it was to some extent of the nature of a
private Bill, and must, therefore, be referred to the
Committee on Standing Orders. He would undertake
not to press it with undue haste, and he would give
ample time for considering all the details of the Bill;
but, as it would have to be referred to the Committee, he
could not state when the second reading would take
place. If leave was given to bring it in that day he
proposed to refer it to the Standing Orders Committee
immediately. The Right Hon. Gentleman concluded
by moving for leave to introduce the Bill.—(Hear.)
Mr. BUCK could not allow the occasion to pass
without saying that the farmers would feel greatly in-
debted to Government for the great convenience the Bill
would afford them.
Mr. A. STAFFORD thought the assurance of the
Secretary of State that the Bill would not to pressed
with undue precipitation was very necessary, and was
of opinion considerable time should be given to under-
stand the provisions of a measure involving an immense
amount of patronage, and a large discretionary power
in •the hands of a new set of Commissioners, as well as
a complete change of the metropolitan markets. He
observed that their discretionary
.power was un-
limited, and that no appeal was to be given
from them, whatever districts might object to the new
market sites-. The Bill also contained a clause that no
market for live or dead meat should be allowed within
five miles of St. Paul's.—[Sir G. GREY—" The prohibi-
tion only applies to live-cattle markets at present."] It
was premature for the Hon. Member (Mr. Buck) to ex-
press his thanks, and those of the farmers, to Govern-
ment till they knew where the new market was to be;
the change might be from bad to worse. The changes
proposed to be made respecting slaughterhouses involved
3n immense amount of capital, and introduced a mode
of dealing with private property which the House never
had adopted before. The House had now before it one
Bill from the Great Northern, another from the Islington
Market, a third from the City, and a fourth
from Government. The latter would exclude all
the others, unless it was understood that they
would select. Islington as the site for the
new market, and that had been condemned by the
Commissioners. The charters of the corporation must
be considered, and he warned the Right Hon. Gentleman
how he brought in a Bill which would meet an opposition
he little expected in another place, where charters were
more carefully regarded than in that House.—(gear,
hear.) He would not offer any opposition to the Right
Hon. Baronet's motion, but he begged to ask when he
proposed to take the next stage, and if it would be pre-
sented as a public or as a private Bill?
Sir G. GREY replied that he had already stated he
could not fix any day for the second reading, because
the nature of the Bill required it to be presented to the
Standing Orders Committee. The Bill was partly of a
private and partly of a public nature, and, before it was
presented to the House, must go through certain stages ]
before that Committee.

Mr. S. WORTLEY hoped that, in the absence of any
of the Members for London, his connexion with the
corporation would entitle him to say a few words, and
to ask the House to give full consideration to the claims
of that corporation. The Right Honourable Baronet
had explained the plan of the Government, but ho
bad not entered upon any explanation of that
suggested by the corporation; and, though considerable
difference of opinion existed in the corporation as to
the removal of the market, he knew they were unani-
mous in the wish to effect the greatest improvement con-
sistent with the public interest and the importance of
private rights. He thought it would only be fair to re•
fer the rivet schemes to the same Committee, who could
decide which was best. Although the Right Hon. Ba-
ronet had not mentioned the intended site of the new
market, it was generally known to be somewhere about
Holloway; but, before it was fixed upon, he wished to se-
cure for the proposal of the City a full consideration by
the House.

Mr. ELLIS observed that the Bill would be hailed
with great satisfaction by the graziers in his part of the
country.

Sir G. GREY remarked that ho gave every oredit to
the City for tho desire to improve Smithfield as far as
possible, but the question was, whether tho evils arising
from the locality did not call for the absolute removal of
the market to another site.

Leave was then given to bring in the Bill, which was
handed in by Mr. C. LEWIS, read a first time, and was
ordered to be referred to the Select Committee on Stand-
ing Orders.

ADVICE TO THE PROTECTIONISTS.
We beg to say a few words to those gentlemen who
are proposing to secure what they call their " compen-
sation" at the expense of our digestions and our pockets.
As Sir James Graham says, " The time has come, and
the truth must be spoken." The people of England will
not eat bad bread, to please anybody. They ate bad
bread in the year 'l7, and in various other years during
and after the war. Wo have frequently heard labourers
and their wives ascribe their constitutional maladies to
the hard, heavy bread, muck of unsound fl.,,ur from un-
ripe or sprouting corn, in their early youth or childhood;
and we have even heard them ascribe the death of their
brothers and sisters to such food, which was as dear as
it was bad. We remember the sort of bread which
large families in the middle classes, compelled to be
economical, used to eat—bread as hard and black as
stale dumplings, from dough that would not rise,
and which, instead of swelling uniformly, would
blow out partially here and there, till there were cavities
that a mouse could run in. The people who have eaten
that bread will not eat it again if they can help it. If
such is the feeling of those who remember the high
prices of the war, and the bad harvests of the last ge-
neration, the feeling of those who have become accus-
tomed to the cheap and good bread of later days is not
leas serious on the question of free trade. It is a very
old remark that there is no point in: which men will less
consent to go back, and in which civilization makes
good its ground more firmly, than in the waiter of
bread. Nations advance very slowly from the fish bread
of the Northern climates, and the bark bread of old
Europe, to the fine flour of England; but they never go
back from wheat to rye, or from rye to bark. The
millions of this country, who within the memory of
man have advanced from barley and oats to
wheat, will not go back ; nor will they go back
from good wheat to bad wheat, if good wheat
is to be got by any honest means. We warn these
noblemen, then, that any attempt whatever, under what-
ever name or pretence, to restrict the people of this
country to the short and spoilt harvests of our own soil
will be met by the most determined resistance. It will
not be tolerated for a siegle hour. Should any body of
persons in the position of her Mijesty's advisers only
divulge an unmistakeable intention to bind again the
chains of monopoly, and to stretch the victim once more
upon the rack of dearth, there would certainly be an al-
most universal determination to resist, at all events, even
to the last appeal; and there is not an institution in the
country that would stand before that resistance. It is
idle to mince these matters, when they aro so grave and
so manifest. It is the wisest charity and the soundest
loyalty to tell the whole truth; and that truth is, that
the British people will not have " Protection."-7'imes.

ST. LUKE'S HOSPITAL.
The annual Court of the Governors of this Hospital
took place yesterday, at the George and Vulture Tavern,
George-yard, Lombard-street, Henry Francis Shaw Le-
fevre, Esq., treasurer, in the chair.
The reports of the general committee, auditors, and
physicians, were read and approved. It appears that
the founders of the charity held their first meeting on
the 13th June, 1750, and that the hospital was opened on
the 31st July, 1751, for the admission of patients. It is
proposed to commemorate the establishment of this
valuable charity by a centenary festival, to be held on
the 25th of June, iu the present year, at which meeting
the Right Hon. the Speaker is expected to preside. Re-
solutions in accordance with this view were adopted at
the last annual court. The physicians state, in their re-
port, that the number of cases deemed curable on admis-
sion, treated since the opening of the charity up to the pre-
sent time, is 18,089, of whom 10,778 were women; of these
7,818 have been discharged cured; 508 have been removed
from the hospital by desire of friends before treat-
ment was completed; 1,935 have been discharged as un-
fit objects for the charity; 6,359 have been discharged as
uncured, after remaining twelve months in the hospital;
1,381 have died; and 88 patients deemed curable re-
mained under treatment on the 31st December last. In
addition to these, 660 patients have from time to time
been re-admitted on the incurable list, of whom 97 re-
mained in the hospital on the 31st December last. From

1821 to 1830 the average of recoveries was 47 1-3. per
cent. From 1831 to 1840, it was 561 per cent. From
1841 to 1850, it reached 60 3-5 per cent., showing the
gradual though sure results of the improved system of
treatment. The exceptions to the general rule of the
non-employment of coercion or restraint in this hospital
amount according to the daily report to two in one hun-
dred. Balla for the patients aro now given at St.
Luke's once a fortnight, and the effect is found to
be most satisfactory. The recoveries during the
past year have amounted to 69 1-3 per cent.,
being, with ono exception, a larger proportion
of cures than in any previous year. Many tables of
interest accompanied the physician's report, amongst
others a new table showing the relative weights of pa-
tients upon their admission and at their discharge. It
appears that of thirty patients weighed upon their ad-
mission, whose average period of treatment was twelve
weeks, the aggregate increase of solid flesh was 3581b5.
The receipts of the hospital for the past year were
7,1571. lls. 7d., the expenditure, 6,3861.; stock pur-
chased, 4461. 15s. 6d.; leaving a surplus for the year of
324/. 16s. Id.
The report of the committee noticed with regret the
loss the charity had sustained through the death of the
late president, his Royal Highness the Duke of Cam-
bridge.
The Right Hon. Lord 0 verstone was unanimously
elected as president, in the room of his late Royal High-
ness. Who Lad of Abingdon And WUlidw Henry Whit.

bread, Esq., were elected as vice-presidents The re.
maining aficers of the corporation were severally re.
elected; and after a cordial vote of thanks to the chair
man, the court ended.