The Sun.
London, England, 1851-10-13 00:00:00

etrielltrfil

LONDON, MONDAY, OCTOBER 13, 1851.

KOSSUTLI'S signature is subscribed to a letter which
fourteen days after date has reached its destination at
Southampton. It will be found elsewhere in this
evening's impression, and will doubtless be perused
with interest by every admirer of the illustrious Hun-
garian. Whether the document be more or less au-
thentic than the last one published under the repute
of the same autograph, it cannot but attract the ob-
servation of the multitude in this country at a mo-
ment like the present, when everyone is looking with
so much curiosity and eagerness for the arrival of the
exiled Dictator of the Magyars. Addressed this time
not to the Democrats of Marseilles, but to one of the
most respected members of the provincial magis-
tracy of England, the letter here referred to will he
found to contain sentiments more generally acceptable
to our variously minded and fastidious population.
It expresses the gratitude with which the ex-Presi-
dent of IluecertY might be supposed to regard the
generous interposition in his favour of the Republican
Government of the United States, and of the Monar-
chical Government of Great Britain—a gratitude not,
however, so entirely directed towards those; states
as to exclude from his heart a lasting homage
for the magnanimity of the Turkish despotism. It
would, perhaps, have been better for the great
patriot whose name is regarded amongst ourselves
with so much enthusiasm to have preserved a digni-
fied silence in reference to the conduct pursued to-
wards himself by the French Government. But
under any circumstances it cannot but be singularly
gratifying to the generous temperaments on either
side of the Atlantic to have the recognition of their
sympathies pronounced in the name of the once
triumphant liberator of the Hungarians. Against
that distinguished personage there have within
the last few days been directed the most
dastardly calumnies calumnies enhanced in
virulence by the dark and sinister im-
putations by which they were accompanied—but we
rejoice to think that these ungenerous attempts to
depreciate liosstern in the opinion of the English
multitude have only resulted in the extension of the
fame of his pure and glorious reputation.
Frequently as the people of Great Britain have
been privileged to welcome on their shores the expa-
triated victims of continental tyranny, they have
never had the glory of receiving one of those heroes
of patriotism in every respect more fully entitled
than Louis KOSSUTH to their homage and admiration.
DUMOURIEZ was received here by a former generation
with the respect due to his military renown—but
DUNIOURIEZ, beyond his very splendid abilities as a
soldier, was only remarkable as a traitor to his
country, who had tampered with her enemies, and
ultimately deserted from her banners. Pases, again,
was admitted to the hospitalities of our metropolis
in consideration of his prowess and his patriotism,
hut elevated as both those qualities were, they were
insignificant in the champion of Corsica, when com-
pared with those larger and more resplendent
qualities of a like kind displayed of late
by the leader of the Hungarians. In the same
manner and with equal accuracy we might maintain
the superiority of the claims of KOSSUTII upon our
homage, when contrasted with those which were of
old associated with such men as EFTA/In:BO or as
LAFAYETTE. To the ex •Dictator of Hungary be-
longs the glory of having ruled one of the noblest
races of the European Continent during a period of
internecine warfare and of protracted revolution,
without leaving upon the annals of his administration
the stain of a single crime, or the brand of one
solitary act of cruelty. This, moreover, let
it be remembered, when the atrocious and
ruthless bearing of the Austrian invaders might
almost have justified him in yielding to the induce-
ments of a bloody and ferocious retaliation. "While
villages were being burnt to the ground, and their
inhabitants were being butchered by wholesale, in
obedience to the commands of the fierce and infu-
riated councils of Vienna, the provisional rulers of
Hungary, headed by the immortal KossuTu himself,
inspired by his influence, and infected by his humane
and beneficent principles, were repelling the advance of
their assailants only with the nuked weapons of battle,
with the musket and not with the torch, with the
sword and not with the guillotine. Upon Kossursi
individually must descend the principal portion of the
glory arising out of this superb and national display
of magnanimity, for Kossserx was more than the
leader cf Hungary, he was the Dictator over the
Hungarians. In obedience to his bidding, the Mag-
yars might in the passionate ardour of their indigna-
tion have an-wered crime with crime and cruelty with
cruelty—subjecting the prisoners of war first to tor-
ture and then to the axe, lashing the shoulders of the
Austrian women with scourges as terrible as those ap-
plied to
,the backs of their own unoffending wives and
daughters. Kosstrn, we say, might have caused his
fellow-country mon to act thus towards their antago-
nists, for his influence over them was supreme, and
had he so done he might almost have been pardoned
by the future historian in consideration of the many
dreadful inducements to such vengeance. Yet Kos-
SUTH did not so proceed in the exercise of his Dicta-

torship ; on the contrary, he allowed his policy to
tcuch even upon the verge of that Quixotic generosity
which is the weakness of revolutions. The tablets upon
which are recounted the deeds of his brief but glorious
government are unblotted by one record calculated
to haunt his memory with remorse. He was guilty
of no spoliation, even while extricating the finances of
his fatherland from embarrassment and filling the
empty coffers of administration with the fruits of his
fiscal regulations. He was guilty of no severity,
even when transforming anarchy into subordination
gu
by the magical sway of his autkority. He was
ilty, in fine, of no
the time when t
broken the spell exaggerated violence, even at
he trumpet tones of his eloquence had
yofetperiemPar.ation at Debreczin, and
when, with hands
had " let slip the dogs of
armies of usurpation. That warn't'ed by
incarceration, he
magainst the advancing
however
bat least must be
That
be by prejudice to his other and equanlldedre
admitted by
resplendent
these
iu:sir:iirleYd.otof
claims upon our admiration. For the
a flalulhtini
these things we maintain that KOSSIIT/leci
the homage of the people of England, b
may be recognised a hero unsullied by
patriot unblemished by selfishness, a liberator Whao
could pass from power into exile without one remorse-
ful memory in regard to the deeds of his adminis-
tration.

Her MAJESTY returned on Saturday to Windsor,
and her progress from Manchester and Liverpool to
Windsor Castle was to the full as triumphant as bad
been her progress from Balmoral to the manufactur-
ing c +vital of her dominions. There was every-
where the same enthusiastic loyalty exhibited, every-
'
1 where the same religious observance of the public
I. P_eace,l everywhere the same absence of military
\ force, insomuch, that the chronicler of her MAJESTY'S
gress records ag ta h• -
i from Weedon bawrra:
of a fens
_era ...omet in!, remarkable the presence
he
says":',‘"(tittlere at the Weedon station. " At Weedon,"
line, and as her asks
lc: special display. The soldiers
arms." At Stafford th:TI
were draws up along the
rushed past they presented
i up to rective her AIAJ _ 3;7: manry cavalry was drawn
48 'We wonder whether any

LONDON,

of the continental Absolutist Sovereigns would ven-
ture to entrust the guardianship of his precious per-
son to his own subjects assembled in arms after the
fashion of our own yeomanry cavalry ; and yet, if they
rule in the " paternal manner " which we are told by
their spies and admirers in this country is the pecu-
liar characteristic of their government, they ought not
to hesitate to trust themselves among their
children. We took occasion, when alluding a
day or two since, to the gratifying recep-
tion which her MAJESTY had experienced from her
loyal and devoted subjects during her progress from
Balmoral to Liverpool, to contrast that reception with
the reception which the " angry boy" who tyrannises
over Austria, Hungary, and Italy experienced on his
recent tour. Since that period the glorious welcome
to Manchester of the constitutional SOVEREIGN of
Great Britain and the arrival in this country of the
details of the reception of the Red EMPEROR in Italy,
render the contrast still more marked. Whilst in
Manchester were assembled at least three times the
amount of the ordinary population of the town, who
rent the air with their enthusiastic cheering
wherever her MAJESTY appeared, we are told
that when the Austrian EMPEROR entered Milan,
" the silence was terrific ;" whilst at Liverpool and
Manchester every public place which was visited
by our Gracious QUEEN was crowded to excess by
a loyal, devoted, and enthusiastic population, the
announcement that the Emperor of AusTais was
about to visit any public building was sufficient to
cause it to be deserted. On the night of his visit to
the theatre at Brescia, there was but one person (and
that a lady) besides his own suite in the boxes ;
and whilst at Manchester we are informed the eating-
houses and provision shops were almost stormed by
hungry thousands throughout the day—and at one
eating-house, it is stated, that they dispensed at least
half a ton of beef, in addition to upwards of 5,000 veal
pies—at Somma the unfortunate soldiers, the only per-
sons assembled to receive the Emperor of AUSTRIA, were
kept for four and twenty hours without food, and at
length stormed the Estrartou's quarters and devoured
the supper which had been prepared for him, uttering
the cries most distasteful to Hapsburg ears of " Viva
KOSSUTEt !" " Viva Italia !" It would be well that the
despots of Europe and their upholders should ponder
upon these things, and should turn from their evil
ways whilst there is yet time.

Lord LUCAN appears to be deeply afflicted with the
cacoellies scribendi. The Noble Earl is decidedly (in
the language of the fancy) " a glutton." He appears
utterly insensible to the "punishment" so vigorously
inflicted by the Ministerial champion, and, although
compelled to shift his ground and alter his tactics to
a certain extent, by the vigorous onslaught of the
PREMIER, he still exhibits the most reckless indiffer-
ence to future consequences, and lays himself open to
new assaults -without the slightest appearance of care
or caution.

In his last epistle the Noble Lord chivalroudy
assumes the entire responsibility of the arguments
put forward. " The answer has not been submitted to
the meeting of the board of guardians." It contains
merely the notions of the Earl of LI:CAN, a very in-
fluential personage unquestionably, and one who, as
a resident landlord of wealth and respectability, and,

it is but justice to say, possessing many other estimable
private qualities, carries with him considerable weight
to any side that he may adopt. We cannot, however,
permit any private considerations to render us indif-
ferent to the dangerous character of the opinions re-
cently promulgated by his Lordship, or to sanction
objectionable doctrines, no matter from what quarter
they may proceed.
_ _

The first effort was, as we have already shown,
neither more nor less than a wilful and deliberate at-
tempt at repudiation. " Base is the slave that pays"
was the sentiment that found favour in the sight of
the assembled guardians of the county of Mayo,
and that found a congenial advocate in the Earl of
Leves.. The process of the law was set at defiance.
They, albeit the persons charged with the execution
of the law, on whom the primary responsibility of
" making the rate" was imposed, set the mischievous
example of resistance to the law. They afforded a
most dangerous example to the less wealthy classes
of their respective vicinities of opposing the
authorities. What would the Earl of Lu-
CA himself say to the instigators or abet-
tors of those who refused to surrender their
humble holdings—to see the roofs under which they
had been born and grown to maturity, consigned to
the flames, and the supporting walls levelled with the
dust ? The feelings of the ejected—of those forced
to sleep under the broad canopy of heaven, without
the slightest shelter or protection—must necessarily
be more intense than of persons merely called on for
a mere pecuniary payment. But Lord Lucary and his
coadjutors would be the first to preach the imperative
necessity of obedience, of the importance of tho majesty
of the law being vindicated in the one case—they
should not set it aside in the other ; they might
possibly he the most serious sufferers from the pro-
mulgation and general adoption of their own doctrines.
The ground has, however, been shifted. In place
of direct opposition to the payment, they are now
contented with endeavouring to put off the evil day.
They ask for " the hill of particulars." The expen-
diture of every single shilling must be proved
to the satisfaction of the sceptical Earl
and his still more sceptical associates. It cannot be
denied that the money was sent over from the Impe-
rial Exchequer, and that it was duly received by the
various relief boards, to whom its due administration
was entrusted. No, the evidence on that point is too
clear and too easily obtainable to be questioned. That
the money found its way to the hands of the most
influential parties in the respective districts is beyond
the possibility of cavil or dispute. The
bodies to whom it was delivered were con-
stituted out of the same material as the boards
of guardians. The very same individuals who are
now demanding " particulars" were, probably, the
persons through whose hands the payments were
made, and who could afford the most unexceptionable
evidence of the outlay ; but they are parties to the
suit, and, as the Ist of November has not yet ar-
rived, are not competent witnesses. Their testimony
cannot be enforced for some fortnight or three weeks
against themselves.
Several issues have now been raised, on which they
require decisions before any question of repayment
is to be mooted.

Ist. The amount of the value given by public
works (if any) is to be ascertained, every road
is to be measured and its utility inquired
into before a shilling can be demanded.
No matter how great the relief, no allowance can
be made unless there is bona fide value received
by the locality. Why, is it not notorious that
no work was entered upon that had not
first been voted by the ratepayers, and
for which the property in the district was rendered
liable; and also that the object, at the time of the
advance, was , not to execute works of permanent
utility, but merely to obtain the means
of feeding the starving population ; and that
the " road making" was only resorted to
as a test of destitution ? Its utility or inutility is,
therefore, utterly beside the question, a cella.
teral issue on which the defendants cannot be suffered
to ride off.

question.
eteosmtumsetpltte'ielaml 1
de: the best
afforded ?" They are surely themselves
starv-
ing They have seen theirjudges on that point also.
Again, they ask, "
fed at the public expense.
brethren day after day
efficiently
What amount of relief has been
They have seen others perform
46 hat was the
1 relief afforded?" Was there ever so ridiculous, so pre-
tyheet,daustiiefsil whichmooktehreyy, were unable unnoawbleaskto discharge,w and
pre-
posterous a demand?
Having put those forward, they raise a third
on without entire confiscation, or inflicting serious
far can payment now be insisted
and lusting injury ?" This is an utterly incon-
sistentc i
consideration,ait
dph ep de theabL et former.fotr tej
huet
sht
emc eoa
yt
al
lonYe
rdoguue
taaonr cannotdimbaene
srtmercy—
into —kea
net
otihnn
either course they think proper, but let them
stick by it, and not on being defeated en• I
deavour to adopt a totally different line.
We venture to assert that the guardians will find the
latter the more tenable plea, and that they will do
well to rest their case entirely thereon before they
are defeated on the others, Ind forfeit the ground for
favourable consideration which they might otherwise
have put forward,

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris journals of Saturday
and of yesterday.
The rumours of a division in the Cabinet have now
acquired a consistency which leaves no doubt as to
their truth, indeed the organs of the Ministry are
themselves compelled to admit that there is some
foundation for these rumours: thus we read in
the Patric : _ _

" A good deal has been said of a Ministerial crisis,
occasioned by a difference of opinion between the Presi-
dent and the Cabinet on an important point of general
policy. If we are well informed, there only took place
a serious conversation in the Council of Ministers on the
law of the 31st of May. Nevertheless, no determination
on their future conduct will be adopted until Tuesday
next. It is on that day the President, who has not as
yet manifested his intentions, will make known his
decision."

The Bulletin de Paris says—
" Here, in two words, is the real truth on the Minis•
terial crisis: no resignations have been tendered; but
merely resignations announced in case that, in conformity
with the iatentions attributed to the President of the Re-
public, he should not agree with his Cabinet on the po-
litical conduct to be observed. It has been decided that
the question of the law of the 31st May should be again
discussed on Tuesday next. The Ministry enjoys, then,
as hitherto, the confidence of the President. It watches
over public tranquillity, which is complete in every quar-
Or of the capital, and in the large towns, and admi-
nisters with its habitual solicitude all the interests en.
trusted to it."
The Siècle observes—

" Our own private information confirnat, as to the
principal fact, the statements of the Patric and the
Bulletin de Paris. It it curtain that no decision has
been come to. The Council was put an end to by the
President rising and saying to the Ministers, I return
to St. Cloud till Tuesday, gentlemen.' Until that day
then the crisis will be prolonged."
There have been some serious disturbances at
Montlea con.
The Five per Cents. were done to-day on the
Boulevard at 90f. 95c.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, Our. 11.
The only transaction to-day was—Luxembourg, %.