The Sun.
London, England, 1856-03-26 00:00:00

day, Mr. Keeling, was, unanimously elected' senior
churchwarden for the year en,tuing„. the manner of his
fulfilling the dutieh of the offite in the past, his junior
year, being approved by the parishioners generally.

Spirit, of the Public Journals.

(From the Times of this day.)

14- 'The intelligence which we communicated some
I days since,'te the effect thatthe'POtte had refused
I to sanction in some particulars the proceedings of
the Paris Conferences,' is now confirmed. The
Council of Constantinople, it is now known, has
directed Aali Pasha not to consent to the insertion
ef the Sultan's late degree among the articles of.
peace, 'as such a concession would bind the Porte
to a certain form of administration in its own inde-
pendent territories. The Plenipotentiary has been
also formally ordered, to oppose
.any arrangetnent
about the. Principalities which should be hi any
way prejudicial to the sovereign rights of the Porte
in' those provinces. Of: the former questioa we
have already spoken. The institutions which are
to give the Rayah subjects of the Sultan new rights
and a new career must be the care:of the Western
Powers for many years to come. It will be some
time before England and France will be able to
relax their hold upon Turkey. Theniatters'to be
determined are important and complicated, and
even the most enlightened statesman. must confess
that he sees but a little way before him, in, this
medley of hostle races, deeprOoted prejudices, de-
caying yet tenacious creeds, intrigue, misrepresen-
tation, and venality. We may be content, •there-
fore, in some degree-to wait, and see how gradual
and tentative reforms work in a land *here every-
thing has been prescription and immobility for
ages. But the vestion of the Principalities de-
mands a speedy'decision. These provinces aretlae
most exposed and coveted part of the Turkish "em-
.....
pire. They are even now occupied by foreign.armies.
They have been for several generations under the
influence and at - last under the recognised pro-
tection, of RUSSitt. Within a few years they 'have
been twice invaded by Russian troops, and at the
outset of the War were almost formally confiscated
by the Czar. - They are, through a large part of
their extent,,, fertile beyond 'the average produc-
tiveness of Europe.; they. command the , great
Over of EUrope, and the_ rectificatiou of frontier
proposed by the new treaty will' add to their terri-
tory the delta and fortresses of the Lower Danube.
The race which inhabits them is strangely situated.
A part is under Russian sway, in Bessarabia 'and
that part of Moldavia Which was appropriated by
Alexander in 1812. A part is subject to the
dominion of the Austrian EtnperOr. . Each of these
potentates can place large armies on the frontier of
that part of Roumania which is still in a manner
independent,. and each may be tempted to violate
treaties by the natural desire. to extend his 'empire,
and the equally natural fear that his rival may
anticipate him. 'The seizure of the Principalities
was the cause -of this war, and must be the first
step in any new aggression of Russia. It is, there-
fore, the duty of the Allies to settle the question
on a sure bssis; and build up a 'political fabric
which will give content to the inhabitants; preserve
•tas far as possible the rights of the Porte, and with-
out giving cause of offence to any powerful neigh-
bour, insure peace and tranquillity to Europe.
It is singular how differently the question has
,been regarded by the Western Powers, by the
people of the Provinces, and by the Turks. It is
almost needless to say, that the first notion' of
English statesmen was to give the Routnanians a
yoang hereditary Sovereign,
_with a constitution of
the regulation pattern. This plan seems now defi-
nitively abandoned. The Mel d o-Wallach i airs them-
selves are rather vague in their aspirations. The
The Boyards clergy, an people of Moldavia have,
presented to their Liospodae, Prince Ghika, a pro-
test against. the. proceedings of the Ambassadors-
let the Porte. They express a wish to sea the Prin-
cipalities united into one nation ; declare that Der-
vish ,Pasha, the Turkish Commissioner, had held
oat hopes that their wishes would' be regarded ;
and regret that the Porte, the Ambassadors,
.and
the Paris Plenipotentiaries should proceed, to, re-
duce them to the level of TarkiSh Paehalie. they
talk of themselves as " .Retimains," and of their
flospodar as a Christian Prince, but do not recom-
mend any definite measure. 8!) far, however, as
the protest represents the feelings of the people, it
seem's that a desire exists to enjoy even 'greater in-
dependence of Turkey than before, without sub-
jecting the country to any general protectorate of
En rope. _ - .
The Porte holds very different opinions. The
manner in which the Council has roused itself-of.
late to assert its independence 'of foreign' control is
well described by our Correspondent at-Constanti-
eaple. It seeds that the Turkey whose armies
were ordered' to and fro by thejllied Generals, and
whose assent to diplomatic' arrangements it was
hardly thought necessary. to ask for, is resolved
'once more to assert a will of its own. Whether
the Porte will have the coursgo to persevere we
know not, but at present its policy seems to be to
uphold the independence and integrity for sehiCh
the allies have declared that they fought. At the
prelitr.inary Conferences of Constantineple the
question- of the Principalities was debated, but no-
thing. was settled. The want of full instructions
was pleaded by the Ambassadors of France and .
Austria, and the Matter was referred to the Confer-.
ences at Parie. Shortly after the telegraph in
formed the Porte that Lmal Clarendon., Count Or,
loff, and their associates were debating on the
union of the two provinces. This idea had not
been brough forward at the ConstantinopleConfer-
since. The receipt of the news threw the Council
into much excitement. Meetings of the high dig-
nitaries of the empire were daily held, and the re-_
stilt was a formal protest by telegraph against the
discussion even of the union of ,the two Prieci-
palities, as an interference with the internal affairs.
of Turkey, and a violation of the sovereign rights
of the Porte in those provinces. In spite of long
interviews between the French and Austrian Am-
bassadors and the Ministers at the Porte, this pro-
test was sent. •
Such is the actual state of affairs. Into the ad-
vantages of the different plans proposed we shall
not enter. Whether the Moldo-Wallachian would
'be better under one Hospodar than two, or under
' an hereditary than an elected chief, aro questions
which it would be useless to discuss here. No doubt,
ati infinity of different constitutions might be con-
structed for these States; it is also nearly as certain
that no constitution will succeed unless it subjects
the country to a good and strong, although enlight-
ened and patriotic, Government. The matter must
soon be decided, and probably with a little energy
difficulties will vanish. But these events are
chiefly worthy of note as showing that Turkey is
by no means so acquiescent as was supposed.. The
old Tartar obstinacy yet lives, and the West must
prepare itself for resistance and evasion when., it
asks for the accomplishment of the changes which
have been so often promised.

(From the Morning Post of thiB day.)
In England there is a judgment of the People to
deal with soberer, stronger, and more steady than
that which has hitherto growled, and thundered,
and at times shaken everything to rein iu France.
WO use the term, judgment of. the People, in both
cases, though the position and character of the two
has been widely different in the moment of revolu-
tion. in our case the wealth, and much of the birth
and standing of the country joined with the mal-
contents to a great degree, restrained the license of
their worst classes, and succeeded in se%mring to us
the benefits of the constitution which we now en-
joy. Yet we have no great King since the day when
Cromwell shattered the rule of England, and °ode
more bound it together again. William the Third,
a foreigner with all the disadvantages entailed on
him by his want of sympathy with the land in which
he lived, and by his unfortunate temper, had, at
least, the reputation of ruling as a successful al-
venturer. lie was accepted by the Parliament as a
means of carrying out the reforms on which they
were determined ; and to this feeling, to these
conditions, no less than to his-undoubted powers
of mind, he owed the success *bleb he enjoyed.
,In France a very different state of things has Pre-
vailed. Richelieu broke the power of the nobles,
and created none in its stead. When they fell they
r b the
educated,wor worst
that the ce t mo
clever, fell utterly, and their place was taken, not by the
people,
worldbutby theou vmob,m andod u c t
and entirely unscrupulous. From that strange
dmnivation under which all France groaned and
laboured, from that possession of evil spirits which
tore and disfigured her she was rescued by the first
Napoleon. He fell—from what errors we need
not now inquire or discuss—but he did not fall
until he had carried France to the height Of her
glory and her greatness, until he had made for him-
self the name, as a Public Man, as the Head of a
great Nation, that will always stand in the fore-
most page, not only of the history of war, but of
the history of the internal regulation of a great
empire. It is natural that Napoleox the; Thi.re,.
chosetOby the people as he has been, to'succeed
this great example of his family, should follow him
in those part of his character which moot attracted
_ _