The Sun.
London, England, 1856-07-28 00:00:00

AMERICA.

• • LIVERPOOL, SATURD.A.Y.
The Royal Mail steam-3hip Cana*. has arrived
with advices from Boston to the 16th; and $788.;635
41c. in epecie. •
On Wednesday, July 9; the Senate were occupied
w,ith asdebate on Kansas, in which there was a great
deal of personality. The debate lasted from in id -
day until 9 in the' evening. —The house were occn-
,pied the same day with charges of fraud against
elerks,in the Treasury Department. The Senate
during the rest of the week have been occupied with
local matters. The house have been discussing the
Brooks and Sumner affair, and on Monday, the.
14th, voted to expel Brooks by 121 " Yeas" to 95
" Nays.", z :Two thirds being necessary to an expul-
Sion, Brooks was declared not expelled. After the
result was declared the following proceedinf!„p took
place .:
" Mr. Brooks said Mr. Sumner uttered a slander on
'his state and venerable relative, who was absent. Not
content with this he published a libel on his state and
blood. Whoever insulted South Osralina insulted him,
'and be stood ready at all times, humbly and modestly,
as her son, to perform his daty. 11e should have for-
feited his self-respect and good opinion of his country-
men-if he had permitted the offence to pass' unpunished.
It was a personal affair, and in taking redress into his
own hands' he meant no disrespect to the Senate er the
house, nor did be mean disrespect to Massachnsets. He
was aware of has personal responsibility. He incurred it,
and was prepared to meet it. He knew he was amenable
to the laws which offered the same protection t every
citizen, whether a member of congress or in the private
walks of life.. He did not belieVe be could be punished
by a court of law and by a majority of: the, bowie at the
same time. If he had committed a breach of privilege
he was answerable to the,Senate,, which had on right to
present him faosthe loose for punishment. The, ques
tion not only involved him and his friends, but the
whole house. If the consequences were confined to him-
self, he would be prepared :to meet them here or else-
where. Others must -not suffer for him. He had felt
more for his friends—Messrs. Edmundson and Keitt—
than himself. They are blameless. Each -has proved
a friend who 'sticketh closer than a brother.' When,
he remarked, the people of the great north speak of
me as a bad man, they, will do me the justice to
say that a ablosv from me at this time would he followed
by revolution, and they know it (applause, seemingly
Confined to the galleries) ; but no, act of mine shall, fa-
vour revolution. lam not willing to see the constitu-
tion wounded through me. He.wonld say to the house
that the axe applied over him may fall on them. He
had only to say that he could not retain his seat consist-
ently with his self-respect and rights under the consti-
tution. During this very session a member,from,Pann-
sylvania charged a colleague with an attempt at bribery.
Where were the proceedings in that case 1 By passing
it in silence the house has declared bribery is excusable,
but simple assault and battery is not. He spoke of
Massachussets as being in rebellion against the laws and
constitution of the United States, while sitting in judg-
ment on him, and demanding his expulsion without a
hearing. He had never been called to order, nor bad he
offended any officer, yet a vote has .been taken to-day
transmitting him to posterity as unworthy of a seat here,
because of disorderly behaviour, and in this connection
he spoke of Mr. Pennington, the prosecutor, as the
thumb paper,' the Falstaffian member.' &c., for which
the Speaker called him to order. Mr,. BrOoks said that
Mr. Pennington charged that the assault was murder-
ous, and that with a bludgeon I attempted to kill Mr.
Sumner. My friend from Massachussets over there has
a pretty good-sized stick. I would thank• him to raise
it and submit it to the inspection of-the gentleman from
New Jersey—(Mr. De Witt, the genleman alluded to,
held up the stick for a moment.—(laughter). Now, that
stick is double the size of the one used by me.
"Mr. Trafton, of Mass., here rose, and asked that
the disorder in the galleries be quieted, or that they be
cleared. .(Hisses from the galleries.)
"The Speaker said if the disturbance was continued
be would give that order.
"Mr: Jones (dern.,) of Tenn—Why, I did not hear
any no Caere just now.
"Mr. Brooks (looking up)—lf I have friends in the
galleries I desire them to be quiet. He then continued
—lf I desired to kill the senator from Massachusets
why did I not do it ? -You all admit that I had it in
any power. Let me tell the gentleman from New Jersey
that expressly to prevent taking life I used an ordinary
cane, pre'ented by a friend in Baltimore. 7. went to
the Senate deliberately. I hesitated whether I should
use a horsewhip or •a cowhide ; but knowing that the
strength of the senator from Massachusets was superior
to-mine, I thought he might wrest it from me. If he
had, I might have 'done what I should have regretted
fur the remainder of my life.
"A Voice—He would have killed him.

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" Mr. Brooks. resuming, said—Tan days ago, fore.
seeing what, the action of the house would be, my reBig-
nation was put into the hands of .the governor of South
Carolina. He then replied to several members who had
said hard things of him, including Mr. Coming, quoting
the remarks that "Massachusets would take her own
time for the remedy ;' but he would never plead the
Statute of Limitations against the wrath of that state.
Ile quoted from Mr. Woodruff's speech, so strongly
condemnatory of his conduct, saying he thought a gen-
tleman uttering such sentiments 'a foeman worthy of
his steel ;' and related, in the lauguage of his friend Col;
Savage, how Mr. Woodruff declined meeting Mr.
Brooks in the manner recognised by gentlemen. The
narration caused laughter. He said to Mr. Woodruff,
'Go, little wretch ; there is room enough in this world

for you and me.' In his judgment, the cock that crows
and does not fight, is despised even by hens and pullets.
(Laughter.) Alluding to the remark of J. W. Webb,
which has been quoted, that the act of assault deserved
death on the spot, he said if those who endorsed that
sentiment wished to play the game of chivalry, let them,
with their whole 'republican crew, come and take the life
which, they say, is forfeited. If his opponent were satis-
fied with the present state of the case, he was.. He re-
turned his thanks to his friends, especially to good nor-
thern democrats and gentlemen who had the manhood
to stand by him—not forgetting John Scott Harrison.
Some gentlemen, he believed, bad voted against him.
contrary to their wishes, but were operated upon by
outside pressure ; and he spoke in commendation of
those who gave their votes without indulging in villifica.
don. He concluded by saying, Mr. Speaker, I announce
to you and to the house I am no longer a member of the
Thirty-fourth Congress."
Mr. Oliver, of Missouri, from the minority
on the Kansas Investigation Committee made a
report on the I.lth, in which he denied the con-
clusions of the majority, and asserted that Whit-
field was fairly elected and entitled to his seat.
The old Whigs are trying to organise themselves
so as to take a part in the coming election. A con-
vention of this party,in Maryland has declared
Freniont unqualified, Buchanan objectionable in
consequence of the Ostend conference, and Fill-
more the only sound candidate. Fillmore's chances
are looking better.
The case of_Mr. Herbert, the Californian mem-
ber of Congress, who killed a waiter, has been
submitted to the jury.
The Chamber of Commerce and the citizens ge-
nerally have united in raising funds for the relief
of the sufferers by the inundations in the South of
France. The, Chamber of Commerce have also
again taken up the matter of the recovery of the
duties paid for goods burutsin the great fire in New
York
The news from California is exciting. The Vi-
gilance Committee have still possession of San
Francisco with 6,000 muskets and 30 cannon.
Their pl'ade of meeting is fortified with sandbags.
The Governor has called cut the militia, but the
San Francisco Militia refuses to act against the
committee. The Governor, with his force 3, is en-
camped near San Francisco. The Vigilance Com-
mittee have issued the following proclamation :
" TO THE PEOPLE OF CALIFORNIA.
" The Committee of Vigilance, placed in the position
they now occupy by the voice and countenance of the
vast majority of their fellow-ci,izens, as executors of
their will, desire to define thenecessity which has forced
this people into their present organisation.
"Great public emergencies'demand prompt and vigo-
rous remedies. The people—long suffering under an
organised despotism whioh his invaded their liberties,
squandered their property, usurped their, offices of trust
and emolument; endangered their lives, prevented the
expression of their will through the ballot-box, and cur
'rioted the channels of justice-e-have now arisen in yin
tue Of their inherent right and power. All p(Slitical,
religious, and sectional differences and issues have given
way to the liaramount necessity of a• thoron eh and fun-
dareeetal reform and purification of the social and poli-
tical body.' The Voice of a whole people Sas demaioled
union and orgisation as the. only mesos cf maing our
laws effective and regaining the rights of free spiecn,
free v.ite, andan public safety.
" For ysars they leave patiently waited and striven,
in a peaceable manner, and in accordance with the
forms of law, to reform the abuses which halo
made our • city a byeword ; fraud and violeece
have lolled every effort, and the laws 'to which tin
oeepie. looked fOr protection, while distoried an
ininiered effete in practice, so as torshield the vile, have
losers Used as a powerful engine' to isrsten upon u;
tyranny and misrule.
"As Republicans, we looked to the ballot-box as eto
safeguard and sure remedy. But Fo effectually aneSt,
king wag its voice smothered, the votes deposited in it
'l7 freemen so entire's, euteurnbered by hall -.t'. thrust in
throueh fraud at midnight, or nullifie l y the fal,
tounis of judges and inspectors of eiscti. na noonday,
•hat many doubted whether the majority of the peopl,
were not utterly corrupt.
" Organized bands of had men, of Politir partiee
or who assumed' any partichlarcreed from mercenary ant
'corrupt motives, have parcelled out offics ato,4lg them
.elres, or sold them to the highest'bidders ; have pre
vided themselves with convenient to sla to obsy their rir;,
is clerks, inspectors. and ju ige4 ~f elect ion ; have en
ployed bullies ancl'prAessiona! fighters to de6trey tally