The Sun.
London, England, 1851-01-30 00:00:00

trintO °Mitten

COMMON PLEAS.-(THIS DAY.)
(Sittings in Banco.)
DOE DEM. BLEAKISTON V. HASLEWOOD.
_ _

This was an action of ejectment brought by the plain-
tiff to obtain possession of certain freehold property in
the eounty of Durham, which he claimed under the pro-
visions of the will of his uncle, John Marsh, of' that
county. The facts of this case are somewhat singular.
In 1787, the testator being newly married, without issue,
and from some cause expecting a speedy decease, made
a will, by which he devised all his property, personal and
real, to his wife for her life, with a remainder to his
nephew, the present plaintiff. If, however, after his de-
cease his wife should prove pregnant, and a posthumous
child:should be born, thisiwas to exclude thelnephew, and
the property was left in remainder to this posthumous
issue. The testator, however, did not die, as he had
expected, and two years after, in 1789, a daughter was
born to him, who survived both her parents, and whose
devisee is the defendant in the present action. In 1799
the testator died, and some time after his wife also, and
the daughter as heir •at-law succeeded to the property.
The nephew, however, claimed the property under the
will of 1787, and after various proceedings in Chancery
the present action of ejectment was brought to recover
possession. The action came on for trial at the last
summer assizes, but by consent a nonsuit was entered;and
a special case framed for the consideration of the Court.
Mr. MANISTY, for the plaintiff, contended: that the
will of 1787 provided only for posthuthous issue, and as
the testator had no posthumous issue, the present plain-
tiff must necessarily succeed 'to the property after the
death of the wife, as provided by the will. It was im-
possible for the Court to interpret the intentions of the
testator in a different manner from that in which it
spoke for itself, and there was no proviso in it for any
issue which might be actually living at the time of the
testator's death.
Mr. Mereses, for the defendant, contended that the in-
tion of the testator was clearly to provide for any issue
which he might have, posthumous or otherwise. His
own issue was his first object, the nephew his second.
The LORD CHIEF JUSTICE said the principles which
must guide the Court in their decision wore quite clear ,
but the difficulty was to apply the conflicting arguments
of the counsel. He was of opinion that the plaintiff was
entitled to the property, and the rule to set aside the
nonsuit must be made absolute. Nothing had been ad-
duced to show any reason why the Court should, by in-
ferring an unexpressed intention, overthrow a clear and
positive devise. The present decision was certainly op-
posed to former decisions, but the Court were prepared
to say that these had been given on erroneous principles.
Hale made ab3olute.

TATTERSALL'S-THIS EVENIN G
Six O'CLOCK.

LIVERPOOL STEEPLECHASE.
10 I.) 1 apt Vain Hope
12 to 1 agst Abd-ei-Kader
TWO THOUSAND GUINEAS STAKES.

Even on Grecian

cussTzrt CUP.

10 to 1 agi! Rhesus
20 to 1 cg:.-4 Cossack
20to 1 agst Haricot
25 to 1 agst Wallflower
25 t.) 1 agst Montague
40 1 agst The Flying Gout
40 to 1 apt Damask
50 to 1 agst Brother to Dough
50 to 1 agst Knight of A-venel

DERBY.

5 to 1 agst Grecian

25 to 1 agst Laroartme—taken
25 to 1 agst Constcliation—talieu
40 to 1 agst Marlborough Bock

PAPER DUTIES.

DEPUTATION TO THE CHANCELLOR. OF

THE EXCHEQUER.-(THIS DAY.)

In pursuance of the resolutions come to at the
meeting of gentlemen interested in the abolition of
the paper duties held at the King's Arms, Palace-
yard, yesterday., a full report of which will be found
in another part of our piper, a deputation represent-
ing the paper manufacturers of the kingdom proceeded
by appointment this morning, to the official residence
of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, with whom they
had an interview on the question of the paper duties,
now brought so prominently before the public.
We give below a report of what took place at this
interview :

Amongst the members of the deputation we ob-
s,rved Messrs. Charles Dickens, Charles Knight,
Robert Chambers, and other gentlemen connected
with the literary world.
Mc. CROMPTON, who was received very cordially
by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, said that he
had the honour of introducing to him a deputa-
tion trom England and Scotland, specially sent,
to explain to him the necessity of repealing
the paper duties. He regretted that he was
not able to include Ireland, but he had no
doubt that in a short time Ireland would be with
them, although at present the paper manufacturers
of that country did not act in unison with those of
England and Scotland. Amongst the gentlemen he
had to introduce to him he might mention, in con-
nexion with literature, the name of Mr. Charles
Dickens. Mr. Crompton said that nothing could
be more unjustifiable or oppressive to the paper
manufacturers of the country than the tax upon
that article, and the tax was made still more
odious in consequence of the mode in which
it was levied. In Ireland, the Government had
Lund it necessary to have the aid of the police to
collect the duty, and that of itself was a strong ar-
gument against it. He might also mention to Sir
Charles that some time ago it was considered by
the paper manufacturers a moral fault to
defraud the revenue, but it was not so felt how.
The revenue collected from the duty on paper
was about 800,0001., but from the expense of col-
lection and other deduction the Exchequer did
not receive more than about 700,0001. Even
in a political point of view it was de-
sirable that the duty should be removed. He
had himself been a paper manufacturer for forty years,
and he was sure that if the duty were taken off a very
great number of additional hands would be employed.
In consequence of the duty large importations of
paper had recently taken place from America, to the
injury not alone of the manufacturers but the work-
men of this kingdom. However desirable it was to
have the window duty taken off, he thought that out
of the surplus which was in the hands of the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer the paper duty should be the
first tax remitted. If the duty were removed he was
sure 01:4 at least ten times the present number of
persons would get employment in and connected with
the paper mills.
Mr. CHAMBERS, of Edinburgh, read the resolutions
agreed to at the meeting of yesterday, held at the
King's Arms, the substance of which will be found
above. Mr. Chambers, at considerable length, de-
tailed the difficulty which was experienced by the
trade, in consequence of the paper duty.
Mr. CHARLES KNIGHT, in following up the obser-
vaelens of Mr. Crompton, said that, in consequence of
the heavy duty imposed upon paper, the employment
of literary men of the highest order was much re-
stricted, and 2
it class of literature—particularly transla-
tions—was ntroduced and circulated which had a
most demoralising effect.

Mr. CROMPTON— next introduced Mr. Towle, from
Oxford, who had a tale of woe to give to the Chancellor.
Mr. TowLE gave a very desponding account of
in
the shutting up of mills the neighbourhood of
Oxford.
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said be had
pleasant week before him, if he was to receive all the
deputations which were to wait upon him.
Mr. BALDWIN, of Birmingham, said that great
advantage had been derived from the reduction in
bricks, as in the town which he represented no.
bricklayer 4.
one
or carpenter was out of employment. lie
was
certain that the same beneficial results would
follow the repeal of the paper duty.
Mr. CROMPTorg next introduced to the Chanellor
of the Exchequer
Mr. CHARLES DICRENS, Who said, in a humorous
tong of voice, that, availing himself of that glorious
Englishmen privilege which possessed, he wished to
make one remark for the repeal of the paper duty, as
that repeal would affect men. The repeal of
the duty on paper enable the proprietors
o
and publishers of useful to give higher
w
remuneration and secure a betterr's class of writers,
than at present. lie was satisfied that if the duty
were repealed, a higher class
of cheap o
fthe humble. publications
would find their way to the homes
the repeal repeal of
He was more in favour, however, of
the window-tax than the paper duty, a
the window-duty was more objectionable. he thought
memorials
Mr. CROMPTON said he had ninety-five
to present to the Chancellor of the
Exchequer,
signed by 11,949 persons, all of whom were Intelli-
gent persons.
After a few observations from Mr. SMITH, of 13'
mg.
lcY, and Mr. COLLINS, of Glasgow,
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said, the de-
putation would not of course expect him to give them
any information as to what was to be done by the Go-
vernment. He had before him the prospect of a depu-
tation from every class of persons who paid taxes, all
desiring to have the taxes re:nored.
The interview lasted upwards of an hour.

IN A Fix.--On Wednesday !at, as some of themen employed at Mr. Jackson's boiler-maker, Pottery-hill,
were finishing one of the boilers and busily engaged in rivet-
ing the piece, it was discovered that One of the men was
fastened inside, and could not get out. A large piece had
actual:3- to be cut cut to enable the man to effect his escape.
—Preston Chronicle.

SOCIETY OF ARTS.
THE BRITANNIA BRIDGE.

Last evening, the eighth ordinary meeting of this
society took niece in John-street, Adelphi, when an
interesting paper was read by Mr. Grove, the secre-
tary, on the history and construction of the Britannia
Bridge. Mr. Grove stated that the bridge had derived
its name from a rock which divides that part of the
Menai river over which the structure is raised, and
which at low water exposes a surface about as large
as Trafalgar-square, but at high water is completely
covered. On this rock Mr. Stephenson proposed
originally to build a pier of masonry 130 feet long,
and .50 feet wide, from each side of which was to
spring an arch of 350 feet span, of cast iron, the height
of the underside of the crown being 103 feet above
high-water mark.
On this design being made public it met with a
great deal of opposition from those interested in the
navigation of the straits, who urged that the difficul-
ties arising from the rapid tides, the uncertain eddies,
and the sunken rocks, would be greatly aggravated
by the erection of a large pier on the Britannia Rock.
Mr. Stephenson was therefore unable to carry out his
original project; and he found there was no resource
left him but in some way to contrive a straight beam
or girder ; and, on thinking over the possibility of a
" trellis bridge" the idea of a tube of wrought iron
entered his mind. Having well considered his subject,
with reference to the particular form the tube should
assume, and also in regard to the properties of
wrought iron, as distinguished from those of cast iron,
Mr. Stephenson obtained permission to make a series
of experiments for the purpose of gaining the know-
ledge he required. The result was that the rectan-
gular form of tube was selected as being stronger
than the oval and cylindrical tube. This point being
decided, the next question was as to the means to be
adopted in fixing the different parts together, and the
method chosen was that of using red hot rivets instead
of welding the iron, as in smaller operations. Mr.
Grove then proceeded to detail the various processes
adopted in carrying out the undertaking, and
described the mechanical difficulties which had to be
overcome by the engineers before the work could be
completed. In proof of the success which had at-
tended Mr. Stevenson's exertions in this matter, Mr.
Grove stated that the same method of construction
was being adopted in railway bridges, which, though
small in proportion to the Britannia Bridge, were
far beyond the greatest limits to which the same
process had ever been carried previous to the
formation of this gigantic structure. After relating
the history of the bridge- from its projection
to the mechanical difficulties which surrounded its
progress to completion, Mr. Grove related a few
interesting statistics with a view to point out
the extraordinary proportions of the structure. The
total weight of the tubes was nearly 11,000 tons,
being greater than that of four 120 gun ships with all
their crews and stores on board. This weight was
made up of 9,360 tons of wrought iron, and more than
1,200 tons cf cast iron and timber. These were com-
posed of about 186 separate pieces of iron, pierced by
more than seven millions of holes, and united by up-
wards of two millions of rivets of the angle and T
iron, embracing a space of not less than 83 miles.
The weight of the lifting chains alone at each end of
the tube was more than 40 tons, which, with " the
crosshead and rain of the press," made a total of
more than sixty tons to be lifted before any
effect could be produced on the tube itself. Of the
masonry in the towers and abutments, there were
about I'2 millions of cubic feet, which would form a
pyramie whose base would equal the area of
Leicester-square, and whose height was 80 feet, and
the weight in all 105,000 tons Allowing 12 working
hours in the day and six days to the week, this
masonry was prepared and laid at the rate of 3 cubic
feet per minute durinte the whole time of its con
etruction. Having related these particulars, Mr. Grove
concluded by saying that he was employed upon the
great undertaking during the most interesting period
of its operation, and that he availed himself of the
opportunity thus afforded of making himself ac-
quainted with all the details of the construction. The
paper" was most interesting and instructive through
out, and the reader was assisted in his descriptions by
models and diagrams, lent to him for the occasion by
Mr. Robert Stephenson, the directors of the Chester
and Holyhead Railway, Professor Cowper, and others.

Dividend Amount
Name of Company. per of Paid. Price.
Annum. Share.
£ s. d. £ s. d.
1 ru3tralasia •• •• •• •• •• 4/. per cent. 40 0 0 40 0 0 31
Britsh:Siorth American 51. per cent. 50 0 0 50 0 0 42
Ceylon ---••• • • • • • 71. per cent. 25 0 0 25 0 0 -
Commercial of London 61. per cent. 100 0 0 20 0 0 -
Colonial.. • -
Gloucestershire ••• • • • 151 per cent. - - -
lonian ••••••.. • • • • • • 61. per cent. 25 0 0 25 0 0 -
London and County .. 61. per cent. 100 0 0 20 0 0 -
Londn and Westrainstr 61. per cent. 50 0 0 20 0 0 27%
London Joint-Stock .• • 6/. per cent. 50 0 0 10 0 0 -
Provincialof Ireland.. 81. per cent. 100 0 0 25 0 0 42%
Ditto, New. •••• • • • • 8/. per cent. 10 0 0 10 0 0 -
National of Ireland .. 51. per cent. 50 0 0 22 10 0 -
Nat. Provncial of Eng. 61. per cent. 100 0 0 35 0 0 -
Ditto, New. •••• • .• 5/. per cent. 20 0 0 10 0 0 -
South Australia ••• • • • 61. per cent. 25 0 0 25 0 0 24%
Union of Australia.... 61. per cent. 25 0 0 25 0 0 -
Ditto •• •• .... ••• • • • 61. per cent. - 210 0 -
Union of London. ••• . 1 61. per cent. 50 0 0 10 0 0 12%
Union of Madrid ..... - 40 0 0 40 0 0 -
INSURANCE COMP.A.NIES.
Dividend Amount
Name of Company. per of Paid. Price
Annum. Share.
-.--
4 a. d. £ a. d.
Albion .. •••••. - • • •• 31. 10s. 500 0 0 50 0 0 86
Alliance Brit. and For. 7114 s 6d &bs 100 0 0 11 0 0 -
Ditto Marine. ••• • • • 61. per cent. 100 0 0 5 0 0 6%
Atlas
Argus Life .• ••• • • • • 41. per cent. 100 0 0 16 0 0 -
British Commercial - 7s. 6d. 50 0 0 5 0 0 7%
Clericl,Med.& Gen. Life spr ct.& bs. 100 0 0 10 0 0 20
41. 100 0 01 10 0 0 86
14s. 50 0 0' 5 0 0 15
Eagle • 53. 50 0 0 50 0 6%
European Life ••• • • . 103. 20 0 0 All paid. 11
General •••• • • • • .... - - 5 0 5%
Globe - 133
Guardian • • .... -- - 51. 100 0 0 45 0 55 %
Imperial Fire -•.- •• 121. per cent. 500 0 0 1 50 0 230
Imperial Life ........ 12s. 100 0 0 10 0 1634
Indemnity Marine •• • • 11. sh. & bs. 100 0 0 20 0 47 N
Law Fire ............ - 100 0 0 210 2N,
Law Life. .-••.. •• .. 11. 16s. 100 0 0 10 0 43%
Legal and General Life - 50 0 0 2 0 4%
Licensed Victuallers.. - 5 0 0 1 0 -
London Fire -••••- 10s. 25 0 0 12 10 173
London Ship
ilarine - • ..... ••• • .. 15s.per share 100 0 0 15 0 -
%led. Invlid& Gen. Life 4%1. per et. 50 0 0 2 0 2%
cational Loan Fund.. 51. per cent. 20 0 0 210 2yi
National Life -
collodium Life 5l. per cent. 50 0 0 2 0 2%
P h. 0331.1 •• • ......... • • 3/. p. sh.&bs. - - 1&6
Professional Life
Provident Life ••.. - - 11. ss. & bs. 100 0 0 f 10 0 30
:ock Life - .... -
loyal Exchanze 6/. p.ct. & bs. Stock. - 211
i•in Fire.. - - 200
Ditto Life 11. 6s. - - 48
United Kingdom .... 41. p. ct.&bs. 20 0 0 40 0 3%
:aiversal Life........ 10% ct&bs. 100 0 0 10 0 0 -
4-ietoria Life .. . - 4 12 6 5

WiLTME-wolarcs.

Dividend Amount
Name of Company. per of Paid.
Annum. Share.
£ s. d. £ s. d.
East London...• •• •• • • 8/. per cent. 100 0 0
ilrand Junction •••• •• 41. per cut. 50 0 0
.7..ent•••••• •••••• •• •• 31. 10s. 100 0 0
Lambeth ••••••• • • • • • 51. per ent. 100 0 0
New Rivr Lndn Tirdge 21. 10s.
Vauxhall •• •• •• •• 51. per cnt. 100 0 0
West I:fiddlesez . • 61.05. pr cut.,
33043U.5.
Dividend Amount
Name of Company. per of Paid.
Annum. Share.
£ s. d. I s. d.
Commercial ...... •• .. 4/. pr cent. Stock. I
t and West 1n4.a... 81. pr cent. Stock.
&ut Country
,oudon .
Ditto 80nd5........ 41. per cent.
It.liatharlne ........ 3% per cent. Stock.
Ditto 80nd5........ 4%1. pr cent.
iouthampton 21. per cent. 50 0 0 50 0 0
BRIDGES
Dividend Amount
Name of Company. per of raid.
Annum. Share.
Z. 8. d. Z. 8. d.
Charing-cross•• ••
3cuthwrk 100 0 0
Ditto Nw of 75 p.c. 35a. per cent. 50 0 0
Waterloo ••• • • •• •• 100 0 0
Ditt') Old Ann. of 81. :1. 4s. Od. 60 0 0
Ditto Nw ditto of 71. 11. Is. Od. 40 0 0
Jaushall •• • Av. 11. 70 10 3

Price.

Price.

i
9 N

Price