The Sun.
London, England, 1851-04-08 00:00:00

EVENING, APRIL B, 1851.

vernmeut to repeal the duties on corn, sugar, and timber.
The 11.,n. Member was diszctisfi,d with th Chtuicellor
of the Exchequer awigning aa a reason for no,, re:lactrg
the fluty en tea that it was cot a protective duty; but to
his (tdr. mind that was a good cbjcctioa. The
whole of a duty which was n )t protective wk.nt into the
Exchequer, whereas of a duty which was protec:ivc only
a portion reached the public Treasury, the rest goini;
into the pockets of persons who ought not to have it. It
appeared to him that the Hon. Member for Leominster
was justified in assuming that the object of the amend-
ment was the reversal of the policy whien the House and
the Government had• pursued for the last ten years. The
House was called upon to decide whether the tax on pro-
perty and income should he continued, or whether, in
case of need, the system of import duties should be re-
verted to. It was said the other night that the credit of
the country would be jeopardized by relying too much on
direct taxation. It should, however, by borne in mind that
in this country the direct taxation formed only 20 percent.
of the gross taxation, while in France it was 35 per
cent., in Belgium 37 per cent., in Holland 35 per cent.,
and in Prussia 37 per cent. Betwees 1523, when Mr.
Huskisson began to reduce taxes upon raw materials
with the view of increasing the means of employment to
the industrial classes, to:1839, upwards of 11,000,0001. of
taxes were repealed, and yet at the latter period the
revenue was nearly equal to what it was at the former.
Ho would next refer to the period between 1830 and
1841. In that period the total amount of taxes reduced
was 8,437,7931. The result was that at the end of that

period there was a deficiency of revenue to :he extent
of 9,00t1,0004, notwithstanding the imposition of 5 per
cent. on Customs' duties in 1840 ; and, although this
still showed an apparent gain to the country of
6,437,0001., yet he believed it would be found that the
advantage was more apperent than real. He believed
it would be found that the system pursued from 1830
to 1841 did not prove at all beneficial to the trade and
finances of the country, that during that period our ex-
ports remained almost stationary, or little more than
the natural increase of the population. In 1830 the
official value of our imports was 46,200,0001., while. in
1842 it was 64,300,000/e showing an increase of
18,100,0001.; being at the rate of 39 per cent. on the 12
years, or 31 per cent. par annum, or double the increase
of population. In 1830 the real value of our exports
was 38,250,000/.; in 1842 it was 47,000,0001.—increase
8,750,000/.; being at the rate of 23 per cent. on the 12
years, or 2 per cent, per annum, or little more than the
natural increase of the population. • This result was by
no means gratifying or satisfactory. But if the com-
mercial result of the policy which we pursued from 1830
to 1842 was not satisfactory the financial result was still
less so, for he found that during that period not only had
the public debt increased to the extent of 7,778,000/.,
and the balauces in the Exchequer been reduced from
5,993,000/e in 1830 to 3,653,000/. in 1841, being a de-
crease of 2,340,0004, but ho found that from 1837 to
1842 there was an annual deficiency of revenue amount-
ing in the whole period to no less than 8,709,121/e the
deficiency in the year 1842.43 alone being estimated at
2,500,0034 He begged the attention of the House to the
fact, that of the 8.437,7931. of taxes remitted from 1830
to 1841 only 750,673/. were reductions of customs'
duties. He would next call the attention of the House
to the remarkable contrast which the policy pursued
from 1842 to 1850 presented to that which was pursued
in the period to which he had just referred. From 1842
to 1850 an entirely new system prevailed, the object of
which was to relieve trade from impediments, to repeal
entirely the duties upon raw materials, to remove duties
which were merely protective, and to reduce the duties
which werafound to be excessive upon articles of general
consumption. The reduction of taxation effected in that
period amounted to 10,251,2941.—consisting of Customs,
8,213,9584; Excise, 1,434,2801.; stamps, 598,056/. In
1841—and he took that year instead of 1812, because
the latter was a year of depression—in 1841 the Cus-
tome' receipts were 21,898,000/. ; in 1850 they were
20,442,0001., showing a loss of 1,456,0001.; while the re-
ductions of Customs' dutiss effected in that period
amounted to 8,218 958/. The Excise receipts, in 1811,
amounted to 13,678,030 L; is 1350 they amounted to
14,316,000/i showing a gain of 638,0001., notwithstand-
ing the reduction of Excise duties amounted to 1,431,280/.
—(Hear. hear.) In 1841 the whole revenue amounted
to 48,084,0001., and in 1850 to 52,810,000/4 showing a
gain of 4n26,0001. during nine years. If from this in-
crease he deducted the income-tax receipts—amounting
to 5.500,0001.—a net loss would be exhibited of only
774,0001., while the reduction of taxes amounted. as
he had shown, to 10.251,2941.—(Hear, hear.) Toe
financial results of the policy were not less striking.
Not only bad the national debt been reduced in
that period to the extent of 4,221,0001, but the balances
in the Exchequer had increased no less than 7,855,000/.,
and whereas in 1842 there were deficiency bills duo to
the Bank to the extent of 6,606,0004, in 1850 there was
a surplus in the Bank, atter payment of all claims,
amounting to 1,012,0001. If this was not a satisfactory
result he could not say what was.—(Hear, hear.) But,
if the financial results were satisfactory, he thought the
House would admit that the commercial results were
equally striking. In 1842 the official value of our im-
ports was 64,300,0001.; in 1849 it was 105,800,0001.,
being an increase of 41,500,000/.; in other words, of 64
per cent. in the whole seven years, or 9 per cent. per an-
num, or at six times the rate of the population.—(hear,
hear.) In 1842 the real value of our exports amounted
to 47,000,0001.; in 1850 it amounted to 70,000,000/,,
being an increase of 23,000,0004; that was to say, of 50
per cent. in the whole eight years, or 61 per cent. per
annum, or at four times the rate of the population.—
(hear, hear.) Again, in 1842 the shipping cleared
inwards and outwards amounted to 7,347,000 tons,
and in 1850 to 12,020,000 tons, being an increase
of 4,673,000 tons, or 63 per cent.—(Hear, hear.) He
would next present to the House the general contrast
between the two periods to which he had just re-
ferred—viz., from 1830 to 1842, and from 1842 to 1850.
In the first period the taxes surrendered amounted to
8,437,000/.; in the second period to 10,251,0001.; in the
first period the revenue recovered 6,437,000/4 in the
second period 9,477,0001. In the first period the na-
tional debt increased 7,778,0001.; in tho second it de-
creased 4,221,000/., notwithstanding the 10,000,000/.
added in consequence of the Irish famine. At the close
of the first period the balances in the Exchequer bad
decreased 2,340,0004; at the close of the second they
had increased 7,855,000/. At the close oaf the first
period the deficiency bills amounted to 6,606,000/.; at
the close of the second the surplus in the Bank amounted
to 1,012,0001. At the close of the first period the defi-
ciency of income over expenditure was 2,500,0001.; at
the close of the second there was a surplus to the same
extent. During the first period the imports increased
18,100,0001. ; during the second they increased
41,500,000 L; being at the rate of 39 per cent. during
the first period, and 64 per cent. during the second; or
31 per cent. during the first period, and 9 per cent.
during the second; or double the rate of population in
the first period, and six times in the second. During
the first period the exports increased 8,750,0001., during
the second 23,000,0001; the increase in the first period
being 23 per cent., and in the second 50 per cent., or
tae rate of 2 per cent. on the first period, and 61 per
cent. on the second, or little more than the population
rate in the first period, and four times in the second.—
(Hear, hear.) In the first period the shipping cleared
inwards and outwards amounted to 7,347,000 tons, iu the
second to 12,020,000 tons, being an increase of 63 per
cent. One of the great means relied on by the Right
Hon. Gentleman who had introduced the present motion
was the repeal of the duties on raw materials. Well, by
reference to papers before the House it would be found
that the whole amount of cotton imported in 1842 was
4,200,000 cwt.; in 1850, 5,934,000; wool, in 1842,
45,000,000 cwt.; in 1850, 74,000,000 cwt.; raw silk in
1842, 3,365,000 lb.; in 1850, 4,942,000 lb.; hemp, in
1842, 585,000 cwt.; in 1850, 1.043,000 cwt.; flex, in
1842, 1,130,000 cwt ; in 1850, 1,821,000 cwt. The cotton
bad increased 41 per cent., end the population 12 per
cent.; the wool 64 per cent.; silk, 46 per cent; hemp, SO
per cent.; flax, 61 per cent. Tho amount of duties re-
duced on raw material was 2,500,0001.—(hear, hear.)
In the same period the consumption of tobacco had
increased 25 per cent. ; wine, 38 per cent. ; tea,
38 per cent. ; spirits, 53 per cent.; and sugar, 60
per cent. He also beggeJ the attention of the House
to the tranquil state ot the country within the last
few years, compared with the outbreaks which occurred
at Monmouth, Sheffield, and other places just prior
to 1842. It could not be said that there bad been ems-
liar causes connected with the political and social con-
dition of the country during the last ten years to account
for the success of the free-trade policy to which he had
referred, for during that period we had bad a commer-
cial panic such as had never been known, perhaps, in
this country; we had had a famine in Ireland unparal-
leled in the present century—we had had revolutions all
over Europe—all of which causes had interfered mate-
rially with the progress of the commerce and trade of
the country.—(Hear, hear.) The Hon. Member for
Bucks had taunted the Chancellor of the Exchequer with
the frequent allusions he was in the habit of making to
the improved condition of the people. He (.Ir. Wilson)
begged to say that if the Hon. Gentleman the Member
for Bucks should ever, after having occupied the Minis-
terial benches for five years, be enabled to refer in the
same way to the result of the policy in which he had Went
non. Member finorahaeulteexkt,i;ugsi:vnenily-
tebnegaptdp—le,iftohothnoeu l r
diminutionfer to theof pauperism,improv eti condition
to.
the d oe
ethree
anseutnofheprooorf-arahtieesh,oadniedd,
paohoorv,ehaellw,
otuoltdh
heel!:
jilcun,s,ut,tieohanuhnseef
to refer .with satisfaction to the policy in me
eog,aornd
it
to
atshae
had embarked.—(Bear, hear.)
income-tax, he (Mr. Wilson) could notf loot
thought
tax which was peculiar to a time oidewrawr
at
tax a ould
_estnetiovepv.ea,t,cre.
it was the duty of the House to consre
f
temp
triumphs•
bestthe
peopleanswerthe o
mould
s u purposesff2r tthheey
treereq con rod
t,rit
y;and
inconvenience,h e w a s sur
nravtehneroftheann i
tnoc o m e - t a
supportx
shire and his friends never
—(Hear, hear.) The
seemedto t ine that any
reduction of taxed= was of consequence to the
,a t o
wastefulse cu secure
and
believed that, taken as a body, no portion ot the com-
munity fur the agricultural
flint interest unless uionite(s3rsesitt was made
he
(Mr.
Wilson)
had benefited more by the reductions of the last
ten years than the agricultural community.—(Cries of
ths 1" from the Opposition benches.) lie maintained
that the attricultural community had benefited as much
us any other class by the removal of the duties on sugar,
tobacco, and other articles, and that they would receive
as much benefit as any other eltela by the substitution
of a house-tax for a window-tax. It ought also to be
borne in mind that every recurring census showed
that the agriculturists were becoming a smaller and
smaller proportion of the population. In 1811 the
agricultural populetion was 34 per cent. of the whole;
in 1821 it was 27 per cent.; in 1831, it was 24 per
cent.; and in 1341, it was so far from increas-
ing, that it was 35,000 less than there had
been on ploy Ell in agriculture in 1831.—(Cries of" Oh!
oh!") Hon. Gentlemen might say " Oh!" bunhe spoke
from the public returns which they would find in the
library.—(Llughter.) If Hon. Gentlemen worn pre-
pared to discredit the returns of the senses—(hear,
hear)—then ho did not know where they could get a test

by which they might argee the question. He was quite
aura there was one llonoarehle Gentleman opposite, who.
from his own experience of the agricultural districts of
the west of England could testify that the number of
those employed in agriculture lied not increased with
the natural increase of the population. When they found
that the population, instead of tilling the soil, were
obliged to descend into the bowels of the earth as mimes,
and when they depended upon the loom end upon com-
merce for employment, then, he said, it was their duty
to place no impediment on the natural extension and pro-
gress of their manufacturing industry. If they were now
to place an import duty upon articles of consumption-
if they repealed the income-tax and relied upon import
duties-if they were prepared to place a ss. duty on
wheat, then he asked them to consider on what an unsa-
tisfactory basis they would place their financial system.
Let chain consider what it would cost the country. To
gain a revenue of 2,500,0001. they would place a cost
upon the consumers which would amount to 10,000,0001.
a year; and then he asked them what they would do for
a revenue in case of a famine, and when they would be
compelled to repeal the whole of their import duties?
Ho could hardly believe that Honourable Gentlemen
were really sincere in their intended reversal of a policy
which bad had so beneficial an effect upon the working-
classes' which had secured to them constant employment,
and hail supplied them with cheap food and good wages.
-(Hear, and cheers.)
Mr. BOOKER said that, representing as he did a deeply
suffering agricultural population, ha made no apology for
intruding himself upon the debate-(Hear)-but in doing so
he would endeavolir to bring back the debate to its legiti-
mate object.-(Hear.) He would not attempt to follow the
Hon. Gentleman who had just sat down through the long
labyrinth of statistics with which he had sought to mystify
the House, but he should, on the contrary, endeavour to con-
fine himself to that subject which was strictly before them
-the Right Hon. Gentleman's amendment.-(Hear.) In
doing so he would endeavour to treat the question
strictly as a domesticquestion, and to omit all reference to
its bearings upon their foreign policy. He hoped he might
impress the House with the deep responsibility it would
incur if it enabled the Government to pursue a policy which
was wholly suicidal-which was rife with difficulty and
danger now, and which, if persisted in, must end in the
utter ruin of every interest in the state.- (Cheers.) Re-
presenting its ho did an agricultural community, he pro-
tested- against the imposition of a tax which was per-
fectly iniquitous--(Cheers)--and which pressed with in-
equality upon interests that were struggling and suffering.
(Cheers.) Were they, he asked, to tell a suffering com-
munity that there was justice-that there was policy in
compelling them to pay a tax upon losses, instead of
upon profits?-(Cheers.) And then, when they threw
down the gauntlet to them-when they endeavoured to
array class against class-when they sought to excite into
hostility against each other city against village, and county
against town, he asked them, why did they not look to their
own returns? Why did they conceal the truth-he did not
say intentionally-or why did they throw dust in the eyes,
he did n t say of Members, but'of those who sent them there
-of their constituents-of those by whom this question
would finally be decided?-(hear, near.) New, he must
tell the inhabitants of large towns that they had as much
cause to complain of the inequality of this impost as the
agriculturists.-(Hear, hear.) The only, return they had
on this subject was one sought for by Mr. Mulliegs. It
showed most extraordinary results; and he believed-at
least as far es he had heard of the debate-that it had not
been referred to by any Honourable Gentleman. It ap-
peared by this return that in Schedule D, which related
to trades and professions, there was given an enumeration
of classes, and the incomes in each, the duty charged upon
the number of persons in each class, and the amount re-
ceived from each class. This would show what was the
benefit intended for the country by the Chancellor of the
Exchequer, and it would prove that the burden of the in-
come-tax bore with peculiar severity upon the middle
classes in cities. The number of persons in Schedule le was
144,626; of these the number of persons having incomes
under 50C/. was 124,733, and upon these 124,000 persons was
placed the great pressure of the tax, leaving only 20,000
who had incomes over 5001., and showing that their total
contribution was 57,0001., whilst there was contributed by
those under 500/. no less a sum than 661,000/. Ho hoped
the constituents in the large towns-he hoped the inhabit-
ants of private streets would understand this-he hoped the
country would understand it.-(Cheers.) He hoped the peo-
ple would not be deluded by clap-traps as to the distress of
the country being occasioned by high rents, when it was
notorious that rents had fallen from 20 to 25 per cent. -
(Hear, hear.) Did they wish these rents to fall lower? Was
that their philosophy ? If it was he would tell them
there was a great philosopher once who thought otherwise.
The great John Locke, in writing upon the subjects, declared
that an infallible sign of national decay was the fall of rents,
and that the raising of them was worth a nations care, as in
that, and not on the falling of interesa lies the advantage of
the public.-(Hear.) By him the fall of rent was attributed
to two causes-an exhaustion of the productive power of the
soil, end then to the measure of its produce. Here, then,
WAS a measure of its produce by setting it in unjust conipe-
tition with foreign produce; and whilst this was going on
labourers were leaving their shores, and the productive power
of machinery was increased in a tenfold degree.-(Hear.)
He implored of the Noble Lord, who he did believe had the
interest and the welfare of the country at heart, to look to
these great facts-that whilst this emigration was going on
year after year, an emigration, not of the idle or the disso-
lute, but of those who might be called the back-bone of
England-whilst they were carried away from their native
land, and whilst production was increaing- still there was
not a productive increase of human labour, but there was an
enormous increase of mechanical power -of thst power
which neither eats, nor drinks, nor wears.-(Hear, hear.)
They (the sgriculturists) were taunted with being monopo-
lists, and this was said to them by those whose sole object
was monopoly, the monopoly of trade and commerce-whose
idol was cheapness, and whose aim and object was to put
down their manufacturing rivals in every part of the world.
The Hon. Gentleman concluded amid loud cheers by quoting
an extract from a speech delivered by Sir Robert Peel in
1842.

Mr. SLANEY rose amid loud cries of " Divide," which
were very frequently repeated during the delivery of his ad-
dress. He said that he had derived, both by birth and
habit, all he possessed from agriculture, and that he would
hesitate before he adopted any line of conduct which, in his
opinion, would have the effect of injuring that great interest.
He admitted that the change recently made in cur commer-
cial policy had been effected too hastily, and that the agricul-
tural interest ought to have been afforded more time to con-
form to it; but the question now was, whether they would
reverse a policy which he firmly believed had upon the whole
worked beneficially for the great masses of the people within
this realm? Allusion had been made in the course of the
debate to the necessity of having security for the payment of
the national revenue; but he thought that increased security
for that was afforded by the diminished weight of taxation
now borne by the people. Since the peace were had been a
diminution of 42,000,001. in the taxation of the country;
and this amount had not been taken off the shoulders of the
opulent, the noble and the rich. Almost every tax taken off had
been removed either from the manufacture of raw materiels or
from those articles which entered largely into to the consump-
tion of the masses—such, for instance, as salt, wine, tobacco,
rum, coffee, hemp, candles, fruit, and spirits. And what had
been the consequence of these reductions? Why, that from
1815 down to the present time—a period of 35 years—the
property of the middle classes had increased from 53,000,000/.
to 94,000,000/. a year. The population had increased'ducing
the same period 50 per cent. ; the increase of it in the rural
districts had been 32, and in the great towns 96 per cent.
During the same period the legacy duties had increased from
24,000,0001. to 45,000,000/. • insurances had increased from
385,000,0001. to 722,000,0(d. ; and it was the calculation of
an eminent authority, Mr. Porter, that real and personal
property had increased in those same 35 years from
1,200.000,0001. to 2,400,000,0001. The taxes, therefore,
were now apportioned and extended over an increased
amount of property.—( Hear, hear.) He contended that the
best way to relieve the land of England, which he admitted
was at present in a depressed condition, was to benefit those
large classes of the community who were the chief consumers
of its produce. This was a far better way to raise landed
property titan to attempt to do so by the reimposition of re-
strictive duties.—(Hear, hear. )
Mr. SPOONER rose for the purpose of bringing back the
House to the point .from which they had wandered. The
Right Hon. the Chancellor of the Exchequer proposed one
way of disposing of the surplus, and the Right Hon. Mem-
ber for Stamford suggested another The question then
was, which the House would prefer. The Right Hon. the
Chancellor of the Exchequer proposed a tax which he i
self, when out of office, had denounced as full of injustice,
inequality, and fraud. It. was full of injustice and fraud
when opposed by the Noble Lord who then sat on that (tbe
Opposition) side of the House. Why was it less so now.
Because the Noble Lord had changed sides.—(Hear, and
laughter.) The Right Honourable Gentleman said I
he had not opposed the tax on those groundsalie
but on merely fiscal grounds; and he added thhe.
proposed the continuance now, because the plan
sub-
mitted was one that would benefit the masses. But the
House would see how far that was correct by a single pas-
sage which he would read from a speech by the Right Horst
Gentleman in 1845, who said, when answering the argument
which had gone before, " To the general argument against
the income-tax for inequality, injustice. and vexation, no
answer whatever has been given."—(Hear, hear.) The
Right Hou. Gentleman then adopted the words of the Noble
Lord, and called upon the House for an answer. He (Mr.
Spooner) would follow the example, and now call upon the
Right Hon. Gentleman to give the answer which he had
challenged in 1845. The Itlght Hon. Gentleman also, iu
that year, said, in answer to the allegation, that it was a tax
pressing exclusively upeu the rich,ean s of
that it pressed upon the
m poor because it diminished thegiving employment.
He was anxious to hear a full answer from the Right Hon.
Gentleman; and he had endeavoured to bring back the
House to the real point before them, in the hope that the
Noble Lord at the head of the Government would tell them
why a tax which, :n 1845, he had stigmatized as vexatious,
was the tax which his Government now proposed
r .0 inflict
upon the country.
Mr. J. REYNOLDS said that, having voted for the con-
tinuance of the income-tax in 184 S, and intending now to
vote for the,arnenement of Mr. Herries—(oh, and Hear)—
he was anxious to explain the reason why he had come to
the latter determination. The financial propositions made
by the Chancellor of the Exchequer were numerous and
important; but :after listening to Hon. Members on each
side of the House, it appeared that the item to which most
importance was attached, was the proposal to renew the
income-tax for three years. The Right Hon. Gentlemen
stated that it was not his intention to extend that tax to
Ireland at present—
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER—Not at all,
Mr. J. REYNOLDS—To say that he did not intend to
do so at present meant only that at some future period the
Right Hon. Gentleman, or some one upon whom his mantle
might fall, would feel it to be his duty to extend the tax to
Ireland ; and taking that view of the question, it occurred
to him that it was the duty of the Irish representatives to
oppose its renewal now. When Sir R. Peel proposed arhee.
income-tax in 1842, he placed the non-extension or itteto.leer
land upon the ground that she was certainly unable . bear
the pressure, and that there was no machinery- existing
b sa it
there to enable him to apply it ; but he woundeutpheyinj ig
that, as an equivalent for the non-extension o
_me-
etnhtse
House
tax to Ireland, he should assimilate the stamp duties of the
two countries, and he afterwards did so. He (Mr. Reynolds)
held in his hand an extract from oaflin.dciailrpdmocuimt
the head of " Stamps and Taxes,"
would observe that by this assimilation Ireland had been
forced to pay a certain annual sum.as an equivalent for the
income-tax. In 1841, the year before this law was passed
the amount produced by the stamp duties in Ireland was,
463,0003., and that was about the average of the saves pre-
ceding years. But after the "assimilation " the sums raised
were as follows :-
1842 ...................................... £531,003
1843 .............. .................... 587,000
1844 ......... ..... ........ 583,000
1841 ....................... 598,000
1846
1847
1848 .. 571,00
For 1919 and 1850 there were no returns; but he took ii
that the amounts would be about equal to those of the two

preceding years; and if he were right in that -calculation
Ireland would, in nine years, have contributed to the revenue,
in increased stamp duties, to the extent of 1.000,0001, steri
That increase in stamp duties bad fallen aim )st enthe yoi
the poor of Irelam,. He might be told that ScoLiand
had been similarly treated, but a reference to figures
would prove the reverse. He might be told that it was
not income-tax, but he maintained it was income-tax.
Ireland in four years, in consequence of the destruc-
tion of her crops, had lost 100,000,0001. sterling, and
this, too, in a country put under the high pressure of
poor rates-a country from which 2,000,0001. a-year for
the last two years had been drawn by the aid of poor-
rates. And this, too, with those human slaughter-
houses, the Kilrush and Ennistymon Unions, where seventy
died weekly, and 11 ed. was the average charge per head
for the support of the poor, and 22d. a week for clothing.
They in this country would not attempt to feed, or
rather starve poor men in England for 1 t jd. per week,
nor would they for 21/2d. per week attempt to clothe a dog
-(Loud laughter) - that is, if dogs were clothed in Eng-
land. He was told this tax concerned the poor-he
seould be glad to know how the poor were to be benefited by
the removal or the continuance of the tax. He objected
to the tax, on account of its inequality. The Honour.
able Member then quoted two passages from a former
speech of Lord John Russell - one condemnatory of
the inequality of the tax, and another advocating a
heavily
the succession to real property. He was for the
latter proposition. He was for saddling real property as
as personal property was now taxed. He had prin-
cipally risen to remind the Right Hon. Gentleman the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer of his sins of omission. He referred
to the paper duty. He did not object to the repeal of the
window-tax ; but if the tax were repealed, would it set even
one Englishman or one Irishman to work ? But take off the
tax on paper, and you would set at work double the number
of persons now employed. He also wished to see the soap
duty repealed. But he could find that nothing was done
by the Budget to set the people to work.. As an Irish Mem-
her, he complained that the Budget did nothing for his
country-Ireland.- (Oh.) He complained that the dety on
articles of necessity was not reduced; such, for instance, as
the duty on tea.-(Hear, hear.) Ho might be asked what
did Hon. -Members on the opposite side of the House propose ?
He was not aware of any proposition that was to be made by
that party. They objected to the income-tax-he did not .
(Laughter.) He was favourable to the continuation of the -
income-tax on principle-(Loud laughter)-but he was op-
posel, to its inequality and its unjust operation on the pro-
fessional man and trader. Having satisfactorily given his
reasons for voting for the amendment of the Right Hon.
Member for Stamford-(Laughter)-he was addressing
Irish Members, and he would ask theta if there was anything
in the Budget that ought to engage their support? He
could find nothing of the sort, and therefore he was justified
in voting with the Right Hon. Gentleman the Member .for
Stamford.
Lord C. HAMILTON thought the House had been very
much engaged in matters extraneous to the real question.-
(Hear, hear.) The subject had nothing to do, as was pre-
tended, with the retrograde movement of free trade. He
wished to asked the well-drilled benches opposite whether
they meant by their vote to-night to sanction the perma-
nence of the tax, and whether they did not believe that if
they voted it to-night the Chancellor of the Exchequer
would three years hence call upon them to vote it again?-
(Hear, hear.) That was the real question they had to de-
termine in considering whether they would re-impose a tax
which had been more eloquently denounced by those who
now proposed it than by any other people in the House.-
(Hear.) If they were going to do a thing at all, let them do
it openly, fairly, and professedly, but don't let the Govern-
ment impose, under the guise of a temporary tax, what they
in their hearts felt must be permanent. He rejoiced that the
window-tax was condemned. If the majority should deter-
mine the division in favour of the Government, theiet the
Government come forward and say that what was to be per-
manent should be.equitable.-(Hear, hear.) The injustice
of the tax might be passed over when it was levied for a
temporary emergency, but now, when the House were asked
to vote it for the fourth time, it was a mockery and a trifling
with the country to go on holding out the pretext that the
tax was a temporary one. - (Hear.) He called upon Hon.
Gentlemen opposite not to allow the income-tax to be riveted
upon the country unless they were prepared to make it just
to all classes.-(Cheers.)
Mr. S. CRAWFORD (who rose amid a loud cry of " Oh!
oh I") said the real question he had to consider was whether
he should vote for the re-imposition of this tax for three years
with all its objections. Now, he did not feel himself justi-
fied in voting.for the income•tax with all its inequalities.-
(Cheers.) He was the representative of a manufacturing
constituency, who felt most grievously the burden of that
tax, and who declared that it ought not to be continued in
its present state. He was friendly to a tax upon real pro-
perty, but he was not friendly to the arbitrary, oppressive,
and inquisitorial prcceedings which that tax necessitated.
As a ,li4dical and supporter of reform, ho would not con-
sent to a'm the Government with this tax for a period of
three years, more especially as he believed that by judicious
retrenchments it might readily be dispensed with.
Sir R. INGLIS said, the greater part of the discussion of
that evening had been upon the merits of Budgets, No. 1 and
2, and not upon the real issue as between the propositions
of the Chancellor of the Exchequer and the Right lion. Gen-
tleman the Member for Stamford. He confessed that his
objections were as strong against one plan as the other,
becapse if it were inquisitorial, unequal, and unjust, to
levy one sum, it was equally so to levy a smaller sum.
The point, therefore, to be considered was whether the public
credit of the country did or did not require the amount of
income- taxrproposed to be raised by the Chancellor of the
Exchequer. Those who knew him knew that he objected to
the income-tax on account of the way in which it pressed
upon particular interests, and they also knew how desirous
he had been that the first charge should commence at 15e/.
as a unit. He had no alternative now, however, but to take
the tax as he found it proposed by the Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer, or to take the mitigated form proposed by his Right
Hon. Friend, and, believing that the Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer would be enabled, if he carried his proposition, to re-
lieve an immense amount of taxation, he thought that, under
all the circumstances, it was the most preferable of the two.
He had no great difficulty in making up his mind upon this
question, but he felt compelled reluctantly to give his vote to
the Right Hon. the Chancellor of the Exchequer.- (Hear.)
The House divided, when there appeared-
For the original resolution ... ... 278
For Mr. Herries's amendment ... 230
' Majority ... -48
Mr. DISRAELI said he had given notice of aneamende
merit upon the question now before the House, and he
wished to know from the . Right Hon. Gentleman opposite
whether it would not be more convenient to him to take the
debate and division on his amendment at a future stage of
the proceedings rather than at present, probably on Friday
next, assuming that the Chancellor of the Exchequer pro-
posed on that day to go into Committee on the window-tax;
he thought it might be more agreeable to the Right Hon.
Gentleman to take his (Mr. Disraeli's) amendment on that
day than go on with it now.
Lord J. RUSSELL said the course proposed would be
convenient. He understood the lion. Gentleman to agree
that the report on the resolution then before House should
be received, provided his Right Hon. Friend assented to the
debate and division on the Hen. Gentleman's motion being
taken en Friday, which would be a convenient course.
Mr. teISRAELI said, he did this on the distinct under-
standing that the Government Would bring forward their re-
solution on Friday.
The CHANCELLOR of thceEXCLIEQUER stated that
the course which he intended td take was this : -He should
propose that the resolution be teported now, so as to enable
him to bring in a Bill for carrying out the proposition which
the House had just affirmed. At future stages of the pro-
ceedings upon this subject there would doubtless be several
discussions, and on Friday the Hon. Member for Bucking-
hamshire would have an opportunity of submitting his
amendment to the House, as he (the Chancellor of the
Ex-
chequer) proposed that on the day the House should sitt in
Committee on the house andeivindow-tax. On Friday he
eaadndofutohwe
Hon.. Gentleman would have full and fair oppsortaietry
do
moving his amendment on the. uestion that the Speaker
if
he
leave the chair, and then the ion. Gentle.
vieleell, move the adoption otti:y:l
tins liP;rtliPdldsyietrfntnoaeoixnndts :he was to
ho.:loand windily-tax.
he would etate the precise'
ehe.try'elgrhydoee'rshereeealds finollotwhes
Mr. DISRAELI repeated
proceed with ,his Amendm
witia,the permissionot‘
be granted by the remission or ad-
°`t instance
d-tinn of the owners and occupiers
termhooft,tllnatapnryoproesuietifont;
justment of taxation, due
Right Hon.
mlliotntee. Geofut.wleamyasnondof land in the United kingdom:'
.g
be paid to the dis
tressee'd-nlolm "
URNpr-oppoisditiotnhein
Mr. GOULB
mean to propose a Committee of the whole
in-
tendTo7h
nets o,
corn:
iodAvi move his
house to consider a repeal
ri!eiEsla LOR of the EXCHEQUER said, that
of the window-tax ?
what was called a window-tax was a house-tax levied on
inhabited houses, according to the number of windows or
lights that they contained. The resolution which he intended
to propose to the House was, that the tax, instead of being
levied according to the number of lights, should be levied ac-
cording to the annual value of the house.
Colonel SIBTHORP state] to the House that it was not
his intention to abandon his motion, of which lie had given
notice, of the exemption of tenant-farmers and officers of
the army and navy from the income-tax, but to persist in
it, although the hon. Member for Buckinghamshire had
subsequently introduced a motion of almost similar character.
Mr. HERRIES asked whether it was the intention of the
Chancellor of the Exchequer to push forward the Bill to
continue the income and property-tax so as to have it in
Committee before Easter ? Ist, Friendhe Committee on the
Bat that his Hon. and Gallant would have the best
m ot theioo
of
opportunity of proposing his motion.
Mr. GLADSTONE suggested to the Chancett
trae
of
Exchequer to put on the votes the terms,
which he proposed to make on Friday respecting
dow-tax.
The CHANCELLOR of the ENCREQUER thought
that the Right lion. Gentleman ( Mr. lierrietoO was right in
suggesting to the Hon. and Gallant Colo.uaelx
8.111. He was
make his pro-
position on some stage of the Preecrt),7•
:
i
aft aid that the Bill for the renewal of the income-tax could
not be committed before Easter, as there were only two days
The_ bailee and before Easter of which the government had the command
for a purpose of this deserietion.
window-
tax would be taken on Frilly, and he trusted that the de-
bate would be concluded on the same day. He should.be .
prepared before Friday to communicate, for the convenience
of the House, the precise terms of the resolution that he
intended to move.
Mr. HUeIE said that the House having now resolved to
renew the inconee-tax for a time to be limited, be should,
in Committee on the Bill, propose that the limitation
should be for one year, with a view of having a Committee
appointed to inquire whether it was not possible to remove
the grounds of complaint now felt with regard
Mr. COBDEN understood the Hon. Member for Mont-
rose was not opposed to direct taxation, but only wished the
income-tax to be so framed that it might be made a perma-
tsri t°. of
rent tax.
The Hon. Member, however, must be well aware
that a large
portion of the Members of that House were or
posed to the income-tax as a tax, and they would vote with
the fon. Member for limiting it to one year from very dif-
ferent motives from those which actuated him. Now, he
took it for granted that his Hon. Friend would like to test
the House as to the propriety of levying the tats in
amore
equitable manner, so as to give more sanstitetioli to
that
his
country ; and, theretore, he ( Mr. Cobden) suggested
an oportunit of
Hen. Friend, before taking a vote as to the limitation of the
tax to one year, should give themet
yof assessing tax
the tax
exercising its opinion as to the prie
in:a more equitable meaner. .
The report of the original resolution was then agreed to,
Bill was read a third time,
The Designs Act Extension. l
and leave given to bring in, arßill founded thereon.
passed.l I d) Billwent through
re an
clauses were added, and the Bd
• to Sea Service (
The Apprentices
Committee. R CHAMBER (IRELAND.)
C
went into Committee on the Exchequer
and on a resolution being handed to the
EXCHEQUER
The House thea
Chamber (Ireland),
timed what was the object of the re-
Mr. KEOGH inq
Chairman by the Atto.rney-General for Ireland,
solution ?
Mr. HATCHELL replied that it was a resolution with re-
spect to the compensation to be given to certain officers of
the Exchequer Chamber in Ireland, for the abolition of their
offices under the Process and Practice (Ireland) Bill.

V

Mr. KEOGH complained that a resolution for affording
such compensation should be proposed at so late an hour,
and moved that the Chairman report progress.
Lord J. RUSSELL hoped the Committee would consi-
der tlfe 'tesolution, unless some reason were shown for an
adjournment.
Mr. KEOGH said the only notice on the paper with refer-
ence to this subject was in these terms—" Exchequer Cham-
ber (Ireland)—Committee thereupon," and no intimation had
been given that it was intended to propose a vote of a consi-
derable sum of money by way of compensation.
Sir G. GREY said the resolution which had been proposed
was substantially identical with the second clause of the
Process and Practice (Ireland) Bill, which was in the hands
of Hon. Members, who might, therefore, have been aware
that it was intended to give compensation to certain officers;
but, according to the rules of the House, it was necessary to
agree to a resolution in Committee for granting such com-
pensation before the clause could be proposed in the Bill.
Mr. HERRIES thought no difficulty would have arisen if
the Attorney-General for Ireland had, in proposing the re-
solution, explained its nature, and the grounds on which he
proposed it.
Mr. HATCHELL explained that by the Process and
Practice (Ireland) Act regulations were to be made by the
judges, and any person who might be thereby deprived of
his office, or whose office might be diminished in value, was
to be compensated. A Bill had now been brought in to re-
move a doubt whether the Act extended to the Court of Ex-
chequer Chamber, and this resolution was to found the com-
pensation clause in that Bill.
Mr. REYNOLDS inquired how many officers there were
in the Exchequer Chamber, and what were their salaries?
Mr. HATCHELL really did not know the number of
officers.

Mr. KEOGH thought the question ought to be answered,
and would not withdraw his motion.
The Committee then divided :
For reporting progress Eo
Against it ... b 5
Majority ... _35
Mr. REYNOLDS would not consent to the vote without
knowing the amount involved, and must move, that the
Chairman do now leave the chair.
Sir G. GREY believed it was impossible to state the ex-
act amount of the compensation, because the matter was in
the discretion of the Treasury, subject to certain rules. But
he could state that there were but three officers concerned,
and the highest salary was under 500/., so that the amount
of compensation could only be a few hundred pounds.
Mr. SADLEIR was glad to find that nformation was at
last being furnished, though it came from the English and
not the Irish functionary.—(A laugh.) Perhaps another
division would I,rocure the names of the officers, an account
of their duties, and a stateipent whether they held any other
offices in the public service. The Irish Members were be-
ginning to be of some little importance in that House--
(Hear, hear)—and by acting in concert would be able to
check the practice of considering Irish business after mid-
night. They had at all times evinced a sincere disposition to
co-operate with the Government (Laughther)—and he ap-
pealed to the Master of the Rolls and the Home Secretary
whether in legal matters it were not so?
The MASTER ,:f the ROLLS acknowledged the assistance
he had received from the Irish Members in the absence of
the law officers of the Crown from that House. Whether the
officers of tha Exchequer Chamber would be affected did not
appear, but if they were it was proposed to take power to
give compensation.
Mr. KEOGH concurred with the Hon. Member for Dublin
in opposing further proceedings.
Mr. WALPOLE thought the notice on the paper not suf- '
ficiently explicit, but, as no person would be pledged by as-
senting to a mere matter of form, he suggested the with-
drawal of the motion.

REYNOLDS, however, persisted, and
The Committee divided, when there appeared—
For Mr. Reynolds's motion...
Against it
Majority
...
On re-entering the gallery we found
Mr. KEOGH moving that the Chairman report progress,
and protesting against proceeding further at so late an hour.
After a few words from Sir G. GREY, the motion was
agreed to.

... 35
... 77
.. -42

-The CHAIRMAN reported progress, and the House resumed.
The Sergeant-at-Arms appeared at the bar and intimated
that he had executed the Speaker's warrant in the case of
Henry Ed', ards, a witness required to be in attendance before
the St. Alban's Election Committee.
On the motion of Sir G. GREY it was ordered that the
Sergeant-at-Arms should retain Henry Edwards in custody
and produce him before the Committee sitting on the St.
Alban's election whenever required.

The Howe adjourned at a (:).uarter-past One o'clock.

H- •
ER MAJESTY'S THEATRE
FIRST APPEARANCE of Mdlle. 3IONTL.
77

It is respectfully announced that on THURSDAY, April 10 (in.
eluded in the Subscription), will be produced, with the ori•
ginal Danees, &c., Auber's celebrated Opera of

3ICTTA DI PORTICI,
(Masaniello).
The eestames exeeuted by Miss Bradley and Mr. Coembes, tinder
the superintendence of Mme. Copere. The appointments by Mr. E.
radwell. The incidental Dances by M. Paul Taglioni. The Sce-
nery by Mr. Charles Marshall. The Mise en Scene under the direc-
tion of Mr. A. Harris.
Alfonso, Signor Scott' (his first appearance) ; Lorenzo, Signer
Ifercurali (hie first appearance) ; Selva, Signor Balanchl ; Masa-
niello, Signer Pardini (his first appearance), of the Italian Opera
Berlin; Pietro, M. Massol (his first appearance at her Majesty'Si
Theatre) ; Borella, Signor Lorenzo; Elvira, Madame Fiorentini
(her first appearance in that character) ; Fenella, Mdlle. Monti (her
first appearance in England).

_
In act first, a Grand Divertisement ; La Gurache et Napolitaine,
by Messrs. Kohlenberg, Soto, Aussandon, Soldansky, Allegrini, Pas-
cales, Emma, Dantonie, and the Ladies of the Corps de Ballet ; Le
Bolero, by Madlles. Mathilde, Rosa, Julien, and Lamoreux, and M.
Ebrick. Finale Generale, In act third, La Tarantella, by Madlle.
Amatia Feraris, M. Charles, Madlles. Kohlenberg, Soto, Aussandon,
Soldansky, Allegr.ni, Pascales, Emma, Dantonie, Mathilde, Rosa,
Julien, and Lamoreux, MM. Ehrick and Gouriet, and the Ladies and
Gentlemen of tha Corps de Pallet.
Director of the Music and Conductor, M. Balk.

To conclude with a selection trom the admired Ballet, La Esme-
ralda. In which Madlle. Carlotta Grist and M. Charles will appear.
Auber's successflll Opera, Gustave 111., ou le Bal Masque, will be
repeated forthwith.
Application for Boxes, Stalls, and Tickets, to be made at the Box-
office. of the Theatre. Doors opened at Seven, the Opera to com-
mence at Half-past Seven o'c'ock.

lIER MAJESTY'S THEATRE.
THIS FIRST APPEARANCE OF SIGNOR COLETTI.
MADLLE. CAROLINE DUPREZ AS AMINA.

It is respectfully announced that THIS EVENING (Tuesday:
April ii; will be presented Bellhji's celebrated Opera,

L SONNAMBULA.

Amina, Maclllo. Caroline Dupree (her first appearance in that
abaracter) ; Lisa, Madlle. Feller ; Count Rodolpb, Sig. Coletti ; and
Elvino, Sig. Calsolari.
After which a Divertissement from Esmeralda, by Madlle. Car-
lotta Grist and li. Charles.

•ro be followed by the last act of Verdi's celebrated Opera, I DUE
IFOSCARI. The Doge, Big. Coletti.
To conclude with a new and ollginal Ballet, ala Watteau, entitled

VILE DE; AMOURS:

Composed by M. Paul Taglicni, the Mrsle by M. Nadand, the
Scenery by Mr. C. Marshall, in which Madlle. Amalia Ferraris will
sppear. _ _ _

-. Fleurette (Bergere), Mdlle. Amelia Ferraris.
Colin (son Fiance), M. Charles.
Gregoire (Pere de Colin), M. di Mettle.
Blaise (Amoureux de r leurette), M. Ehrick.
Le Governenr de Pile des Amours, M. Gosselin.
Mdlle. de Follanges (Grand Dame), Mme. Petit Stephan.
Ire Chef des Amour 3, Mdlle. Tedeschi,
2me Chet des Amours, bldlle. Aussandon.
Un Maitre de Ceremonies, M. Venafra.
Astrologues (Conseiller du Gouverneur). M. Gouriet.
First Tableau, La Loi Impossible. " Les Fiances," dense pasto-
rale. "Le Jeu de la Rose," pas de deux, par Mdlle. Amalie Fer-
raris and M. Charles. Le Goverucur Amoureux. Sa Deception.
Vengeance. La Proclamation.
second Tableau, La Paysanne ala Cour. " Jadis et Aujourd'hul,"
Lntte de la Dance Roccoca et Moderne, scene exeentee par
NMI°. Amelia Ferraris, Mme. Petit Stephan, et M. Gosselin.
Third Tableau, Les Amours Vengeurs. uanse du Chef des Amours,
]Mlle. Tedemid. " Les Bergeres captivees par les Amours," Balla-
Dille, par Mdlle. Amalie Ferraris, Mdlle. Tedeschi, et les Dames du
Corps do Ballet. "Les Bergers Delaisses," final, par Mdlle.
Amelia Ferraris, Mdlle, Tedeschi, M. Charles, et Corps de Ballet.
Fourth Fableau, La Chasse aux Amours. " Le Pas du Trebuchet,"
executes par Mdlle. Tedeschi, Mdlie. Aussandon, and at.
Ehrick. La Coarse aux Amours. Comme on se laisse
prendre dans sea filets. La Proclamation Abolie. Le Pardon.
Divertissement. Grand Pas de Deux, par Mdlle. Amelia Ferraris
*ad M. Charles, acornragnes r ar Mdlles. Soto, Emma, Lavinia,
Soldansky, Vanhollen, et Beale. Final General et Apotheose des
Amours.
Applications for Boxes, Stalls, and Tiacts to be made at the Box-
office of the Theatre. Doors opened at Seven, the Opera to com-
mence at Ralf -east Seven o'clock.

•
THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE.
Lessee and Manager, Mr. James Anderson.
Win be , THIS EVENING
presented by hex Majesty's
SventsW. Lacy;
TTIE QUEEN OF SPADES. Prince of MOSkaU, Mr.
Ivan, Mr. J. Anderson ; Kopeck, air. Barrett ; Katinka Nelidorf,
]ties F. Vining; Olga, Mrs. W. Lacy.
After which, a new grand Operatic Spectacle, entitled AZAEL,
THE PRODIGAL. Reuben, Ur. Vandenhoff ; Azael, Mr. J. Ander-
son ; Amenophis, Mr. W. West ; Bucher's, Mr. Cooper ; Sethos, Mr.
Rafter; Jophtele, Miss F. Vining; Nette, Mrs. Walter Lacy ; Ll 3,
11 Mlle. Victorine Legrain (Premier Sujet du Opera de Paris), who
has been expressly engaged ior the occasion, and will make her
appearance every evening.
To conclude with RAISING TIIE WIND.
Mr. JAMES ANDERSON has the honour to announce to his
Friends and the Patrons of the Drama generally, that his BENEFIT
b gored for SATURDAY, April 12, being the Last Night of perform-
ing before Easter, on which occasion will be presented
A petite Comedy, entitled A MORNING CALL, in which Mr. J.
Anderson and Mrs. Nisbett will appear.
Alter which UNE SOIREE CARNAVAL.
To be followed by AZAEL.
And other Entertainments.

-,-----
TIPEATRT's ROYAL, ii.a.y
yr. , Webster, filole Lessee ard
manhimzKy....
Commed
THIS EVENINGageri Old
Bmt"t6n.
Y.,, called PRE-
Will be performed a new and original
RENTED AT COURT. Charles the Second
itliftrt ;Captain
Montague, 31r Bowe ; Rochester, Mr. Daven'portr:
bier, Mr. Selby ; GeoffreY, Mr. Bacitstone ; Ant'ia Farquis de Fla-
Reynolds Miss Middleton. Miss A. Viniag, rankly% min
Alter which, SPRING AND AUTUMN,
Mr. Rogers; Cal fain Crn-s; -....
To conclude with the Nautical. Drama of BLACK-EYED susANT
William, Mr. Davenport; Admiral,
lir. Yarselle; Gnatbrain, Mr. Rtlckstone; Jacob Twig, mr, if. t.",
fMt : &inn, Miss A. cr,,lncr. '''''
Y"''''____"--.•--••••-•"'"""--"""---------------..

ritriAnt.r; ROYAL, Apkaa'lll.
'Under the direction or Madame Celeste.
EVENING,
Will be performed THETIIIS
WILLOW' COPSE.
To be followed by JACK IN 'VIE GREEN.

ROYAL PP.ligcEsS,A THEA FRE, OXFORD-STREET.
-UnciPr the Management, o! Mr. C. li"m sand
Mr
. Keale3'.
'lke last 5 nights of Pauline, previous to the forthcoming Easter

iiiivelties.
Tills EvKNING,
will be performed a new and original Lornedy entitled LOVE _IN
igan, Harley,
A MAZE. Characters by Messrs. C. Kean, Keeley', w
.nd Mrs. C. Addjmns, Meadows; Mrs. Keeley, Mrs. winstanleY, .•--
M
Ream

T
To eonclude with a new Melodrama, entitled PA—M LNE in
which Mr. and Mrs. Charles Kean will appear.

ROYAL OLYMPIC TIIwRATRE.
Lessee and Manager, Air
EVENthG.• l'arrea.
Will be performed THE FARMER'S STORY.
After which CHARLES KING.
To conclude with THE BOTTLE IMP.

A.STLEY'eI ItOYAL
Mader the Patronage it her Majesty and his Royal
Prince Albert. aughnese
Proprietor and Manager, Mr. W, Batty,
The public are respectfully informed that the Theatre ii closed
until Easter Monday nest, April 21. The Theatre will be entirely
newly decorated and re-embellished, and every effort made to
sustain
the high repute which this establishment holds in public estimation
the vast improvements of additional height, in order to facilitate the
scenic effects, as essierlially necessary to the hippodramatic enterta
xneuts, have been particularly ettended to, and every department
aeticely employed for the production of a splendid historic spectacle,
from the pen of G. H. Rodwell, Esq. New scenery, machinery,
decorations, and magnificent costumes. The circle will prove doubly
attractive, Mr. Batty being on the Continent making arrangements
witt{ artistes of the first talent and celebrity of their processions.
Particulars w:11 tee given in future announcements.

SUDDEN DIATif AT PLYMOUTII VICTUALLING
Ltan.—Mr. Smithers Aldess, Inspector of Police at the
Royal William Victualling Yrd, accompanied by his daugh-
ter, Mrs. Mills, who is the wife of Mr. Mills, one of the en-
gineers of the Rhadamanthus, left their residence in the
yard, and proceeded to the water's edge to observe the
steamer going out of Ilamoaze. When on the Clarence
wharf they waved their hands to the r friend on. board, and
immediately afterwards Mr. Aldess fell in a fit of apoplexy,
brought on probably by the excitement, and being conveyed
home, expired withia half an hour. Deceased was 63 years
of age, and was formerly sergeant-major of the Woobvich
vision of Royal Marines.

THE

Now ready at all the Libraries, in 2 vols., post Bvo.,
A NOVEL. 0 0 D.

The author, we are convinced, is young, otherwise we could
hardly see displayed such fresh and enthusiastic sympathy in be-
half of his heroes and heroines. He is a writer of genius, inspired
tip a high standard of morality and religion, and by a laudable love
of the purest sort of fame. We gather this from the glowing lan-
guage in which he expresses his feelings, sentiments, and opinions
on the subjects just mentioned. There are several chapters, in
which links of the story are dropped, containing most eloquent essays
on matters that are the prima mobilia of the actions which cha-
racterise nature's nobility. The writer evidently belongs, though he
has marked per se peculiarities, to the school of•the DisraelLs, Man-
nerses, and Smythes."—Observer.
"' Silwood' is no ordinary work ; it contains passages of exceed-
hig beauty, and is written in pure and forcible language, with
great
good taste and power. It is one the most interesting and en
gaging novels which the present season has produced. Of the cha-
racter of Amelia Ross we have already spoken, and the extract we
have given above is the surest voucher of the truth of what we have
said. The other ladies who play conspicuons parts in the tale are
Florence Howard, an intellectual beauty;
Jessie Gordon, a wild and
kapaisilve genius, passionately lon 1 ot music and poetry ; and Julia
Maitland, the noblest and best of them all."—Morning Post.
Richard Bentley, Nero Burlington-street.

LEIGH WATER Al LONDON BRIDGE
Evening 10 rain. after 7
To DAY —Morning 52 min. after 5 1 Evening 13 min. after 6
To Moßzow—Morning 39 min• after 6 I

THE WEATHER.—Sgs OFFICE, APRIL 8.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
42—highest since noon yesterday.
35—lowest this morning and during the night.
44—this day, at noon.
BAROMETER, 29.96.
wmt, E.N.E.—cloudy, with occasional heavy showers of
hail and rain.