The Sun.
London, England, 1834-08-06 00:00:00

portion the Governments are conducted on representa-
tive and Constitutional principles—the people claim
a right to examine into the expenditure of the public
money, to reform their municipal institutions,
and con-
trol the power of the Crown. In the other, despot-
ism bears undivided sway—vast armies are kept up,
and paid too by the people, not to protect the inde-
pendence of the different States, but to check their free-
dom—to check the diffusion of useful knowledge, and put
down every• attempt to imitate the brilliant example
of the Western States. What community of feeling
can exist between Governments so differently consti-
tuted? " What communion path light with darkness ?"
It is not a quadruple treaty that can excite such jea-
lousy in the minds of the Sovereigns of Austria, Rus-
sia, and Prussia, but the progress of freedom—the
vast strides which she has made since " the three
clays of July" in France, and the universal outcry
for Reform in Great Britain. It. is this cry for
Reform which has been heard and obeyed in
Spain and Portugal, and which, in spite of all their
vast armies and all the lines of demarcation that can
be drawn by the political and commercial treaties of
Sovereigns, will reach the ears of the oppressed and
enslaved people of every kingdom in Europe. The
days of the Holy Alliance, or of any such alliance as
the Duke would form with these despotic governments,
are now gone by, and while the free people'of England
and France remain united, they may regard alike with
indifference the jealousy and hostility of these des-
potic sovereigns, and the " miserable remnants of a
broken faction."

On the motion for bringing up the Report on the
Supply last night in the House of Commons, the
CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER took Occasion to
observe that the expenses of the late ,prosecution
against the Brighton Guardian had been defrayed by
Government. We regret that such has been the case ;
for those who are at all acquainted with the particulars
of the prosecution, cannot but remember that it
wore very much the aspect of oppression on the
part of the Magistrates who instituted it. Mr.
COHEN might have been indiscreet, but he cer-
tainly did not merit the heavy amount of punish-
ment that was inflicted on him ; still less did he de-
serve that his Journal should have been sought to have
been suppressed, and he himself turned adrift a beggar
and an outcast on the world. But, fortunately for the
furtherance of social welfare, injustice, in nine out of
ten instances, defeats its own purposes ; and such has
been the case in this instance. , A general feeling of
compassion towards Mr. COHEN has neutralized all
the efforts of his prosecutors. The circumstances of the
prosecution were misrepresented to Government, or they
never would have gone the length of sanctioning it,
by a promise of defraying'the expcnsn.

We have received, by express, the Paris and Ma-
drid Papers. They contain no intelligence of any
importance The rapid movements of Don CARLOS
—the probability. and improbability of Don MIGUEL
being able to effect a landing in Portugal—the marches
and counter-marches of General RODlL—the appa-
rent indifference of France to the struggles on her
frontier—and calculations on the extent of Count
Pozzo's instructions from Petersburgh, are the
themes of a medley of all manner • of reasoning,
argument, and conjecture in these Journals. Don
CARLOS appears to have been etherealized on leav-
ing London. Since, he has been seen everywhere and
nowhere, at one and the same time. The only thing
respecting him which is uniformly related, is his being
always encompassed by .a troop of women and friars.
Some skirmishes, to which the name of engagements
is given, took place on the 24th, 25th, -and 27th, be-
tween detachments of the QUEEN'S forces, under the
command:, of RODIL, IRIDARTE, and HARISPE,
and the insurgents under ZUMALACARREGUY and
SIMON LA TORRE, near Echarri-Aranaz, Bacaicoa,
and Bilboa, in which the Usurper's troops were
worsted; but the results are yet of no great conse-

pence.
So much for the foreign newspaper intelligence.
Our private accounts are more specific. Don CAR-
LOS has returned to Elisondo, accompanied by the
wretch MortENo, and his sudden re-appearance, when
it was expected that he was traversing Vittoria in all
the pride and panoply of conquest, has cast a gloom
over his followers. He is himself greatly- dispirited,
and, it is thought, begins to despair of succeeding in
any quarter. RODIL was nearly at his heels in his
flight through Lesaca, so that, unless there be some
gross mismanagement on the part of the Spanish G-
overnment, he will soon be forced to take up his quar-
ters with NICHOLAS, or his royal brother in exile,
Don MIGUEL.
There is no truth in the report circulated yesterday
respecting the arrival of Don MIGUEL in Portugal.
The whole affair was a trick of the stock jobbers, who
fabricated the falsehood in Paris, had it conveyed to
Madrid, and thence it found its way to England. DON
MIGUEL has had his fill of fighting ; and if not taken
under the fostering wings of the Austrian eagle, will
content himself where he is, so long as the most
Noble the Marquis of LONDONDERRY, and his
Grace of WELLINGTON, occupy the opposition
benches in the House of Lords. Did the creative
fiat of the Sovereign of Great Britain and
Ireland invest ARTHUR, Duke of Wellington
and Prince of Waterloo, with the Premiership, we
are not quite so certain that the Royal Dons
would cease to disturb the peace of the Penin-
sula. But, as the Duke's elevation is about as likely at
present, as that the sun should become as obedient to
Don CARLOS, on the banks of the Bidassoa, as to
JOSHUA in the plains of Jericho, we need be under
no apprehension of a much longer continuance of the
Usurper's military achievements.
We have received no fresh intelligence_PLAAreFspoex andcting
the conspiracy at Madrid, except that
his associates are to be tried publicly, and to have every
means afforded them of proving themselves innocent of
the charges of which they stand accused—namely, the
design of restoring the COnstitution of 1812, which
abolishes the Proceres, or Chamber of Peers. It is
expected that PA LA FOX will be acquitted, as he is
supposed to be only partially acquainted with- the plot,
and as it is probable that his name was used by the
conspirators for the purpose of inducing men of influ-
ence to join them. The Chambers sit daily, but no
question of importance has yet come before them.

We have received the following Official Bulletin from
Bayonne, received by the Spanish Consul there from
the Viceroy, and General-in-Chief of Navarre
" About five thousand Carlists, commanded by Zumalarreguy,
Urangas, Puebeltas, and others, intended to attack my forces on
the flank, in my march to-day to Olazagertia, depending upon their
strong position ; on which they where overthrown, and pursued by
our valiant troops.
(Signed) GENERAL RODIL.
Head-quarters at Cionlia, July 25, 1834. '
•

It is reported that a letter is in town from, Earle,

dated five o'clock in the afternoon, with a postcript,
stating that Don CARLOS had arrived at Bayonne.

We learn from the German Papers of the 27th of
July, that the QUEEN is about returning to England.
Her MAJESTY was expected at Meningen on the
28th, preparatory to her departure from Germany for
England. A number of the German nobility were
assembled at Meningen awaiting the QUEEN'S arrival,
for the purpose of receiving her as become her exalted
rank. We are happy that the QUEEN is so shortly to
return to us.

The Augsburg Gazette of the 31st of July, con-
tains accounts from Belgrade.of the alarm created ,by
extensive purchases of arms, by the SULTAN and
MEHEMED ALI, and that the latter only
waits an opportunity of attacking the Porte
to advantage. There is no doubt of the hol-
lowness of the truce with all parties, but it
is clearly a part of the plot concocted in Vienna,
to which we referred yesterday, and confirms our opi-
nion of the necessity of France and England uniting
in checking the power of the Northern despots.

VIENNA, JULY 26.—Five per Cent. Metalliques, 9814 ; Four
per Cent., 881,‘ ; Bank Shares, I,239.—Allgemeine Zeitung,
July 31.

The Brussels Papers received this morning are
filled with conjectures respecting the reconstruction of
the Ministry. No appointments have yet been made,
and we consider it useless to trouble our readers with
a list of names put forth as proper persons, of which
we know nothing, when the truth will be known in a
few days. In the Chamber of the Representatives
some long debates took place on the 4th inst., respect-
big the financial affairs of Belgium, which led to no
important results.

If affords us much pleasure to observe the public
attention, which is directed to a charge just published,
which was delivered in June last, by the Rev. Doctor
BUTLER, Archdeacon of Derby, and Head-Master
of Shrewsbury School, at a visitation of the clergy
of his Archdeaconry. It is an admirable document,
breathing throughout a spirit of Christian charity,
such as ought to animate the bosom of every minister
of the gospel. Doctor BUTLER assumes no pompous
airs of dignified independence—he pours forth no tor-
rent of low vituperation against those who are religi-
ously or politically opposed to the doctrines which he
professes to teach—he appeals to no powers divine or
human, for assistance to destroy those who most dis-
turb the tranquillity of the Church—he gives expression
to no querulous complaints, no reproaches of the luke-
warmness of those, who, seeing Dissenters clamorous
for a reform in our ecclesiastical institutions, did not
lustily cry out for a rekindling of the fires of Smithfield.
On the contrary, the venerable Archdeacon meets the
Dissenters on their own ground, as a zealous pastor of
the Church undoubtedly, but at the same time as one
who fully understands the justice of their claims, and
who is convinced that the cause of truth and piety is
best supported by that mild forbearance—that bearing
with others' infirmities, so frequently recommended by
the great Apostle to the Gentiles, in his epistles to
the_ early Christian churches. He is justly sensible
that the present are not times when men can be im-
posed upon by cant and declamation ; and that there
are few who do not understand that all institutions were
made for men, not men for institutions. This is par-
ticularly well expressed in his remarks on the late
attempts made by parliamentary fanatics to convert
the Sabbath, which God intended as a day of rest,
into one of gloom and misery. On this subject, we
recommend the careful perusal and due consideration
of the following observations, to all those who imagine
that men may be made more religious by coercive

enactments :
" The severest prohibitions will not effect the truly religious
observance of the Sabbath, by influencing the heart. Rather
will they tend to bring odium, not -only. on such legislation,
but on the sacred day itself : and, by turning it into a day of
ascetic gloom, inctead of religious cheerfulness, may conduce
to harden men's hearts, but not to convert them. Acts of Parlia-
ment may, perhaps, be so framed, as to provide for the decent
external observance of this day ; but what Act of Parliament
can reach the heart ? Could all men be compelled by Act of
Parliament to attend divine worship on this day, how little
would be done towards making them religious 'when their at-
tendance was compulsory ! It is the will that gives the life and
meaning to the act ; and this leads me to mention what I consider
as far more likely to be efficacious in promoting the proper ob-
servance of the Sabbath, than a whole statute book of Parlia-
mentary enactments,—l mean the gentle force of persuasion
and example. I have watched myself, and I have consulted
others who have made the same observation, and who concur
with me in thinking, that since so general an expression of
public opinion has been elicited -respecting the desecration of
the Sabbath, the good feeling of the people has sympathized
with it ; and that, although there may be some places where
the evil is not yet remedied, this holy day has been generally
observed of late with much more solemnity and propriety than
heretofore.
‘" If this be the case, surely it is far better to rely on these
milder, and apparently effectual, means, than on severe legis-
lative provisions. I apprehend there are already enough, and
more than enough, of these, if enforced. They might, per-
haps, be consolidated • and such as are of long standing and
out of date might be abolished, or better adapted to the habits
and temper of the times ; but additional and more penal
restrictions I cannot but deprecate. A point which seems to
have been overlooked by some legislators on more than one
occasion, is, the very wide difference between a metropolitan
and country population. This was most remarkably exemplified
in that fatal measure, the Beer Bill, the mischiefs of which are
now almost universally acknowledged. A similar oversight
seems to exist with regard to the observance of the Sabbath.
In large towns, and especially in the metropolis, excesses will
prevail, which are unknown in more thinly inhabited districts.
Again, they who have been confined in the close and heated air
of manufactories and shops, in narrow streets, and crowded and
ill-ventilated apartments, for six days continually, naturally
wish to breathe a freer and a purer air, and to enjoy a refresh-
ing relaxation on the seventh. To debar these from their
usual and only gratification, that actual rest from their labours,
and, I may add, that moral enjoyment which they can only re-
ceive on this day, would be as oppressive as it fortunately is
impossible."
Happy would it be for this country had her legis-
lators only the sound discretion thus calmly to examine
the consequences of their fanatical attempts to add to
the sanctity of the Sabbath. We are ourselves as
desirous that the Sabbath should be kept holy, as the
most rigid puritan on earth ; but we are too sensible of
the danger of imprisoning the poor for one day in
every seven, to brood over their sufferings—to contrast
their wretchedness, notwithstanding unremitting toil,
with the luxurious enjoyments of the sons and daugh-
ters _of titled indolence and profligacy. Nothirig can
be more dangerous than to force men to the contem-
plation of their own misery, if by any plausible reason-
ing they can trace it to an existing state o :society.
In such circumstances they will see enemies in all who
are not sharers in their sufferings ; and from regarding
them with envy and aversion, they will come to plot
their destruction. Nothing so perverts the moral sense
of right and wrong as the communings of laborious
indigence. We can easily understand how by new
laws for the protection of the Sabbath, men might be
made to blaspheme God,—how the Sabbath-restricted
artizans might be brought to question the justice of the
Eternal in permitting the idle, the dissolute, and the
abandoned to enjoy the fruits of their toil, while them-
selves, their wives, and their children were denied the
sight of the blue skies and green fields, on the only day
on which they could rest from their labours--and we
can also understand the easy transition from such
blasphemies to atheism, and treasons against the
state. But how such laws would have the effect of re-
ti
thii &der of things—how a population of

ALKEITH CORN MARKET.
Wheat. Barley. Oars.
Ms Od 324 Oft 24s 8d
50s Od 28s Od 22s 04
38s Od 24s Od 18s Od

July 31.
IV:lse. Beans.
36s 01 36 01
31.. ud 34- od
324 al 32 0.1

First
Second
Third

THE FUNDS.--(THIS DAY.)

CITY, TWELVE O'CLOCK.
New York papers have been received at Liverpool, to the 10th
July, one day later than those last received, stating that on the Bth
July a fire broke out in New York, in which two storehouses were
consumed. The damage is estimated at 200,000 dollars.
Montreal papers to the Ist, and Quebec papers to the 2d July,
have been received at the North and South American Coffee-
house. _ _ _

• Above 1,200 emigrants had arrived at Montreal since Saturday
morning, and the rate of passage in the steam-boat has been re-
duced to half a dollar. A notice has been published by the emi-
grant agent for 1,000 labourers, who will meet immediate employ-
ment, at the rate of three pounds currency per month. Several
hundred labourers are also wanted for the Welland Canal.

It appears by the express from Paris this -I;orning,that all the
reports circulated there were mere invention for stock-jobbing pur-
poses, and particularly the one stating that Don Miguel had left
Genoa to land in Spain ; but up to the present hour we have no
contradiction of the intervention of France with Spain.
Consols, which left off yesterday at 90i %, opened at 90% 5A-
Spanish, which left off 4714 opened at 47 ;
went down to
46k; and are at present 46%. Portuguese 851 to
HALF-PAST ONE.
An express has arrived from Falmouth with information of the
arrival there of the Viper from Lisbon. When she sailed, on the
20th ult., all was tranquil in the above capital, and the Emperor
had entirely recovered his health. They were busy in electing
Members for the Cortes, as well as arranging the new financial plan.
It is stated that the Carlists here have received an express this
this morning from their party in Spain. The news has not as yet
transpired.
Consols may be quoted 901/ sellers for the Account.
Spanish, 45% 3/4 ; Portuguese, 85.
THREE 0' CL 0 CZ.
Consols for the Account, sq.

The Master of the Rolls having adjourned the Sit-
tings of his Court until November, is about to proceed with his
niece, Miss Leach, on a three months' tour.

The Marquis and Marchioness of Abercorn and
their infant daughter have taken their departure from Carlton-
terrace for Bentley Priory, where they will remain a week or
ton days, and then set off for their seat, Abergeldie Castle,
The Duchess of Bedford and family spend the autumn at
Kinrara, the romantic cottage of Gore, in Aberdeenshire,
distant about 40 miles from Abergeldie and Gordon Castle,
the seat of her brother the Duke of Gordon.
FALKLAND IsLANDs.—The assassins who mur-
dered Captain Brisbane and several of the other European
residents on these miserable rocks have, it is said, been cap-
tured by the crew of his Majesty's surveying bark Beagle. It
will be recolleted that the surviving
.Europeans were found in
the most wretched state of destitution, and brought away by
the Challenger.—United Service Gazette.
LIVERPOOL COTTON-MARKET, AUG. I.—Cot-
ton very quiet to-day ; sales only 2,000 bales, at former prices.
The Napoleon, from New York, brings to-day advices to the
/6th ult. Uzporters to.xley take 100 Americans.