The Sun.
London, England, 1851-03-18 00:00:00

ITALY.

The upholders of the Papacy state that the intended
appointment of the English hierarchy must have
been known to the British Government, inasmuch as
in the Roman Gazette of 22d January, Ib4B, Dr.
WISEMAN is mentioned as Archbishop of West-
minster. The following is the passage alluded to :
" Inasmuch as Rome is the centre of Catholic unity,
she must exert herself for the propagation of the trea-
sures of our most holy religion, and therefore the
m.rmons delivered during this sacred octave, that of the
Epiphany, by saintly preachers, have been intended to
excite the zeal of the faithful in promoting the erection
of a Catholic Church in London for the use of all be-
lievers, and particularly for the service of those Italians
who reside there, and who, for want of Church accom-
modation, aro deprived of the mass and the holy sacra-
ments; and it was annonnced that for this purpose con-
tributions would be received by S. E. the Cardinal Pre-
fects of the Propaganda, and by their Excellencies the
Prince and Princess Doria, in Rome; and in London by
His Eminence the Most Rev. the Vicar Apostolic, Now
Archbishop of Wesiminster, 35, Golden-square, and by
the Italian Missionary Apostolic, the Chaplain of the
Royal Sardinian Chapel, 34, Lincoln's lnn-fiulds. Thus
it is hoped that many will concur with generous libe-
rality, and without delay, because the necessity is
urgent."
This quotation, however, proves too much. If Dr.
Wlssafert were really appointed Archbishop of West-
minster in Jan., 1848, how happened it that he did not
assume that title during the whole of 1848 or 1849, or
until 1850 ? It would seem that this passage had
been smuggled into an obscure corner of the Rossan
Gazette two years before the appointment actually
took place, in order that it might be afterwards used *
the advocates of the Papal aggression now used it. Had
any remonstrances been made to Rome in 1848, the
answer would have been, " The appointment has not
taken place."
A letter from Rome, in the Lomiardo Veneto of
Venice, states that his HOLINESS having applied for a
reinforcement to the King of NAPLES, the latter has
declined, on the ground that such a course would be
contrary to the conditions agreed on between the
King
four Powers. FERDINAND, however, has con-
sented to concentrate his troops upon the frontier, and
keep them in readiness to march upon Rome, should
the POPE be in danger.

RISE IN RAILWAY SHARES.
We receive urgent letters calling upon us to put forth
some words of warning regarding the existing speculation in
the railway-market. In the present state of affairs, however,
it is not our business to do so. It is true that since the let
of January shares have risen on an average upwards of 40
per cent., while other descriptions of security have rather de-
clined, and that upon the lines of worst repute, such as the
Caledonian, East Anglian, &c., the increase has been equal
to 70 or 80 per cent. It is likewise to be admitted that
nothing has transpired to account for this extraordiaau
movement, except the promises held out in connexion with
t e Exposition, and that it is not easy to see how the wildest
calculations in that respect, especially when it is borne in
mind that the temporary half-year's inflation will be
followed by dulneas and reaction, can be considered
to offer an explanation. But these points solely concern the
parties who are now speculating. The same means of form-
ing an opinion are open to all, and each person has a right
to indulge his hopes, and to act upon them to any extent he
may deem proper. We can neither prove nor disprove any
thing in the matter, and even if the case were otherwise,
we do not know that we are entitled to assume the prosper
();
of the Exposition to be the only or themcalu 1
may be that the
the new rush to these investments. 1
ece-
public entertain anticipations of reform
sufficient in
nomical discoveries, and increasing commerce,
that has taken place. There is
their minds to warrant allaai,
d except that whatever may
consequently nothing teonbeewed
faiths edtmanagement,
which has sprung up,
be the causes cf the r
generally tated or made apparent.
they have not yet been g
however, attention should be called
At the same time,
past onth or two the operations
to the fact that for the .
all in one direction, and that of the public have accord-
ingprices under such circumstances
to experience
of any questions : take a
wholly irrespective
course as to intrinsic
value. weighing these circumstances, If, after
I still think they can see the future more than is at present
appreciated, they will of course be quite justified in continu-
their purchases ; and supposing, on logthe other hand,
that the whole affair is, as our correspondents infer, merely
a new development of gambling infatuatien, they must be
left to take the consequence; since it is quite certain that no
homilies will restrain them. There is
no analogy between
what is going on now and the mania which ended in the
convulsion of 1847. The evil was then a national one, in-
volving the waste of millions upon undertakings which could
never bring an adequate return, and leading to an adverse
state of the exchanges sufficiently plain to be demonstrated a
year or two beforehand. In the existing movement there is
nothing of the sort. Supposing it to be entirely a gambling
one, there is still no waste beyond that of the gambler's
time,
since what one party loses another gains. There is no
new capital drawn in and sunk, no misdirection of the ener-
gies of the labouring population, and any misfortunes which
may result will be simply those to which all persons are liable
who seek to make their fortunes by play instead of by indus-
try and invention.—Times.

Tim BRITISH MUSRUM.—Among the additions to
the treasures of the manuscript department of the library
during the past twelvemonth, is a collection of nearly one
hundred ancient manuscripts on vellum, containing theolo-
gical,Gtheoemrgeis a copy of St'
judicial, metaphysical, and miscellaneous. treatises, the
(Jordenberg),
greater part of which iormed a portion
,of the library of the
monasterytheof Tyrol. Al u St.nAt.mo
n g
Bn
eeanre d
Schwartz,ict ine
in
Clement's Recognitions and. Epistles of the tenth century,
and a copy of Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the same age.
Also a Psalter of the tenth century, formerly belonging to
the monastry of Stavelot, in the diocese of Liege; and a
remarkably tine Greek manuscript, Containin-
g the works as-
cribed to Dionysius, the Areopagite, and the Homilies of
Gregory of Nazianzium, with Scholia, written in 972.
'lna L
OUVRE.—V ery extensive alterations are at
present being effected in the picture-galleries of the Louvre.
One of the most important improvements is that by which
the Long Gallery is lighted from above—a measure which
has been long called for, and by which the noble M atins,
which it eontatut rill gain considerably.,

GERMANY.
The Journal des Debats publishes the following
ai a detailed analysis of the report and the proposi-
tions of the Second Committee of the Conference of
Dresden. That body has not yet completed its task,
but it has already sent in the five following proposi-
tions, the adoption of which, the Journal des Debats
remarks, will be a rude attack on the constitutional
regime such as it is established in several German
states :--
" 1. All the members of the Confederation engage to
abrogate all the clauses introduced since 1848 into the
constitutions of their country, or concerning the consti-
tutions of these countries, and which may be incompatible
either with the Federal Constitution or with the mo-
narchical principle.
" 2 . In all cases where a dispute may arise between
the Sovereign and the States of his country either on the
interpretation or on the application of the Constitution,
the States, as well as the Sovereign, will have the right
to submit the question in dispute to the Federal Diet,
which will seek to interpose its good offices, or will pro-
nounce on the question either by itself or through an
arbitral tribunal.
"3. Any general refusal to vote taxes on the part of
the States will be regarded as an act of resistance of the
subjects against the Government, and will be, on that
respect, treated conformably to Art. 25 of the convention
of Vienna of 15th May, 1820.
" 4. The Sovereign Princes, united in the Confedera-
tion, cannot be controlled or limited in any way by the
States of their country in the accomplishment of their
duties, or in the execution of the conventions resulting
from the Federal Constitution.
" 5. When, in the cases provided for by Arts. 25, 26,
and 28 of the said convention of Vienna, the armed in-
tervention of the Confederation in a German state shall
be necessary, the Confederation will seek to enlighten
itself as to the causes of the difference which has arisen;
and, in the event of its being found to have its source in
the Constitution or in the laws of the country, it will
cause them to be modified."
The committee in its report explains that the object of
its first proposition is the abrogation of the fundamental
rights ot the people voted by the Assembly at Frankfort
on the 27th Dec., 1848—that is to say, the abrogation
of the principle of universal suffrage and that of all re-
strictions to the right of veto by the Sovereigns. The
conference, in adopting it, will virtually adopt, Ist, the
abolition of the oath to the Constitution taken by
the army ; 2d, the principle of the non-inter-
vention of the tribunals in cases connected
with the rights of sovereigns in order to render
impossible the recurrence of what has recently
taken place at Electoral Hesse, where the exercise of the
public authority was cramped by the judicial power; and
3d, the principle of independence of the sovereign power
with regard to the choice and maintenance in office of
the Ministers, whose existence will be no longer at the
mercy of a fluctuating or chance majority. The com-
mittee, moreover, declares that it considers the publica-
tion ot new laws as useless, and that it will be sufficient
to correct or revise the federal convention and the final
one of Vienna, and it is to this work of revision that its
efforts will be applied.

THE METROPOLITAN MARKET BILL
AND THE CORPORATION.
The following is the report of the Markets Improve-
ment Committee, to whom it was referred by the Court
of Common Council to watch the procedings on the Bill
for providing a metropolitan market, and conveniences
connected therewith, in lieu of the cattle market at
Smithfield, now pending in the House of Commons:—
" The copies of the Bill having been laid before us by
the Remembrancer, we proceeded to consider the same,
and are of opinion that the Bill is an unjust and arbi-
trary interference with the prescriptive rights, privileges,
and immunities of the Corporation of the City of Lon-
don, which ' has been seised in fee of its ancient market
from time whereof the memory of man runneth not to
the contrary,' and which privileges have been fully es-
tablished and confirmed by charters from King Edward
111., 'Kings Charles I. and IL, and from other Sovereigns,
and still further confirmed and acknowledged by many
Acts of Parliament, and especially by an Act passed so
lately as the sth and 6th of King William IV., and is in
direct contravention of, and opposition to, the opinion of
the judges of the land, solemnly pronounced in the House
of Lords in 1835, when, in answer to questions pro-
pounded by the House, they advised their Lordships That
a new market could only be legally granted so as to pro
vide for what might be called the surplus accommoda-
tion of the public beyond what the market of Smithfield
can afford,' and that the rights and interests of Smith-
field ought not to be affected; that the Bill would be a
grievous interference, not only with the privileges of the
city of London, but with the trade of its citizens gene-
rally, and more especially with those having dealings in
meat and cattle, or carrying on business in the centre of
the City, and would occasion a disruption of a branch of
trade on which upwards of seven millions of money
change hands annually in the sale of live stock, inde-
pendently of enormous amounts paid for dead meat, and
would interpose great and unnecessary difficulties to the
effectual and speedy accomplishment of commercial
transactions in the sale and purchase of so important an
item of the people's food; and because the Bill provides
for the establishment of a new corporation, consist-
ing of five persons nominated by the Crown, under the
title of Incorporated Commissioners, who, whilst they
will be wholly irresponsible either to Parliament or to
the country, will nevertheless be invested with arbitrary
powers of imposing tolls and fines upon the subject, of
making rules and regulations having the effect and force
of law, and even of levying a distress without resort to
any of the ordinary tribunals of adjudication upon
any individual incurring debts to them for tolls;
and because the necessarily heavy costs of this
Incorporated Commission, together with the sa-
laries and wages of the staff of officers, and all other
k xpenses whatsoever incurred by its authority, are to be
defrayed by additional tolls upon meat and cattle dis-
posed of in the market, thereby inevitably increasing
the price to the people of one of the articles which enter
most largely into their consumption. And that it is also
proposed, for the purpose of carrying out this Bill, to
authorise the Incorporated Commissioners to raise a sum
of 200,0001. by mortgage of the anticipated tolls to the
Commissioners of Public Works, the sole security for
sueh loan being the market tolls, dependent in amount
on the success of the project, and which, in case of a
failure (as at Islington) would leave the amount of a
loan for a local purpose a permanent burden on the con-
solidated fund. That the:Bill further provides that so
soon as the proposed new market shall be opened, Smith-
field market shall be closed, and no new cattle market
shall thenceforth be opened within five miles of St. Paul's
Cathedral, thus establishing a monopoly in favour of the
proposed new market and the parties upon whose lands
such market shall be held. That the Bill having been
in4roduced into the House of Commons was referred to
Oke examiner of petit ions for Private Bills, who repotted
that the standing orders had not been complied with;
and the said Bill and the report of the examiner were
thereupon referred to the Select Committee of the House
of Commons on Standing Orders, who, after hearing the
statements for and against dispensing with the standing
orders, agreed to the followinc' resolution:—
"' That in the ease of the Smithfield-market Removal
Bill the standing orders ought to be dispensed with.
That the parties be permitted to proceed with their Bill
on inserting the notices once in the London Gazetts and
for three successive weeks in the newspapers; and that
the Committee of Selection be instructed not to appoint
toe first meeting of the Committee on the Bill for an
(earlier day than Thursday, the Ist of May.'
" The resolution was reported to the House of Com-
mons on Tuesday, the 11th inst., and agreed to, and no
progress can therefore be made with the Smithfield-
market Removal Bill for three weeks from the present
time.
" Under these circumstances your committee have
deemed it expedient to be prepared with a petition
against the said Bill, and they directed the Rembrancer
to settle the draught of a petition in consultation with
the counsel retained on behalf of the corporation, and the
said draught petition having been approved by your
committee they submit the same to this court.
" H. L. Taylor. " Valentine Rutter.
" Richard Hicks. " W. Webster.
" John Dixon. " R. C. Bucknall.
" William Williams. " R. Obbard.
" Stephen Baker. " George Harker.
"J. Josiah Millard. "T. J. Holt.
" T. H. Hall.
" Dated March 13, 1851."

IloW IS THE QUEEN'S GOVERNMENT TO BE
CARRIED ON?
This is a question to be asked with some emphasis at
the present juncture. " After me the deluge!" was the
spell by which Metternich mesmerised men into fealty
through fear, 6. Myself or a dissolution!" such is the
alternative by which Lord John Russell alone can stand.
An appeal to the country at a moment like the present.,
is t
long
With the .. N0.,0
Pery' excitement only dormant, and
capable of being Boon re-stimulated from the hustings
into fiercer life; with the ..Free-trade" struggle to be
fought under circumstances the most unfavourable to the
advocates of progress, it
may well be that the Liberal
party should prefer the perpetuation of a feeble Ministry
to the precipitation of that great conflict, compared to
uccess
or failure in which the mere interests of party
e as nothing.
Before going to the country on the issue of " Taxed
or Untaxed Bread," let us dispose of the Ecclesiastical
Titles Bill. Don't let the cry of "Protection" be
::iekDon't ex-
strengthened with the roar of " No Popery.
pose the zeal of the Free Trader. to be
s Prote •
Religion
with the fanaticism of the Rea Lot
the Liberal forces whi
not Corn and Catholics divide which
a return to fixed
they so long united. Do not hazard ctionliisetd. o'er"
duties by exposing the weaker brethren to the anathema
of relaxed principles.
Even with, the utmost degree of dissolution•panic of
which an Honourable House is capable, it is impossible
not to foresee more than one tempest
gathering on the
sky. under stress of which it seems but too
probable that the already water-loggod
lue
must finally ba r.
go down. Can the Colonialof-
weather Mr. Raillie's Ceylon motion, of which
we observe notice is given for next Tuesday
week, and whiett lowers ominous on the Journals of the
House awaiting " in grim repose " its red-tape prey.
Escape is no doubt possible, but surely the Noble and
Right Honourable Rulers of the, Colonies must begin to
regard Downing-street with those sentiments of natural
piety with which men of feeling minds take their last
look at the scenes of their greatness and their glory.
It would serve no purpose to run through the many
similar instances of possibly impending discomfiture: it
is the very nal'aire of such a situation as the present to
stimulate attack, and enfeeble defence. Men will
fight hard . for glory or for life, they will
but faintly :itruggle to prolong a state which
is, after all, but a lingering death. The Whig