The Sun.
London, England, 1802-07-03 00:00:00

ORIGIN

A desire to fly has -prevailed in all ages, and
most children have a wish to imitate the birds.
Roger BacOn, born at Ilche.iter, in Somersershire,
in the beginning
.of the t 3th century;. was the' first
that is known to have 'conceived thro idea of rising .
in the air, supported by exhausted balls of thin
cdpper. He was ignorant of the existence of light
air, endowed With as great 'an elastic force as_ Com-
mon %air, anch therefore, thongh his, example of
light balls was the same as that on which Balloons
are now Made, it was' itripraCticable. But we find
that Dr. Black, of Edinburgh, is the first person
who s known-to have suggested the'pb'sSibility of in-
closing inflammable air so as to render it capable of
raising, a ves,sel into the atmospher, which was
done in his leaures in 1767 and 1768 ; and Mr.
CaVallo, in 1782, first, niadei-elperiments upon
the subject; but he,was ,unable-to retain the air in
any material light enough for the purpose, except
a thick solution of sotn, which the practice of
children had -shewn would ascend; even with re-
spired air, rarilied by. heat. -Am the'satne year Ste:,
phen andJoseph•Montgolfier, paper manufacturers';
'of Annonay, about ten, led,gues from Lyo4,.
a silken bag with air ratified by •burning paper,
which rose, first, in' a -room, and- afterwards,7to
the height Of seventy feet, in the open air. Se-.
verah repetitions , the, experiment, were made•in
the ensuing year,..and fkitalty dry straw and Chop-
ped wool were consumed, instead of paper. One
Of their Balloons, about thirteen. feet in diameter,
rose to the height of 'three thousand 'feet in two
minutes.

At length, on .the 'tstl of OEtober, 1783, M.
Pilatre de Roziere rose from - the garden of the
Fauxbourg Sr. Antoine, at Paris, in a- wicker,gal-
lery about three' feet broad, attached to an, oval
Balloon of 74; feet by +B, which had been made by
M. Mon-tgolfier, and which also carried up a. bra-
zier, or grate, for the purpose of continuing, :at
pledsure, the inflation of the Balloon, by .afire of
straw and wool. The weight of this machine was
}6OO pounds. On that day,. it was permitted to
rise no lligher than 84. feet, but on the—i9th,
when M. Giraud de Villette ascended with him,
they rose to the height of 332 feet, being prevented
from further ascent only by ropes. In November
of the same year M. P. de 'Rozier and the Marquis
D'Arlandes first trusted a Balloon to the elements,
who, after rising to the height -of 3000 feet, de-
scended about five miles from the place of their
ascent.

About the same tirne, COunt Zambeccari sent up
from the Artillery Ground, in London, a small gilt
Balloon, filled with inflammable air, which in two
hours and a halt' reached a spot near. Pettworth, in
Sussex, and would not then have fallen, had it not
burst: The discovery was now nearly as complete
as in its present state. Inflammable air, produced by
iron filings and vitriolic acid, was soon used in the
inflation of larger Balloons, and by one of 27+ feet
in diameter, M. Charles and .M. Roberts rose in
becember from the Garden 'of the Thuilleries in
Paris, and
_in an, hour and a half descended about 27
miles from 'that City. . In this voyage, the thermo-
meter fell from 47 t 0,31, from which datum the
Balloon was supposed to have reached the height of
3500 feet. Subsequent experiments may .rather be
enumerated than described. The adventurers in
them I;vere--.
•
Mr. I. MoNrootartzß, who, in 174 ascended with six
other persons, from Lyons, by balloon 131 feet high, and
tog broad.
M. BLANIIIHARIS,: in March of the same year, rose to any`
altitude, which is calculated at g 5.0 feet, and descended in
an hour and a quarter, haVing experienced heat, cold, hun-
ger, and an excessive drowsiness:
M. Bj.p.TRAND, in April, rose from Dijon to the height
of ab.-tt 13,t00 feet, aifd in an 'hour and a quarter sailed
eighteen miles.
-Madame 1- Histz, who was the ?first female adventurer,
ascended in June from Lyons, with M. FL EURANT, in the
presence of the late King of Sweden, and reached the height
of 8300 feet.
M. Moe ciacr, in the same month, ascended from Nantz,
and travelled twenty-seven miles hi fifty.eight minutes.
Rtnitit, in another experiment, reached the height
of 11,700 feet, and found the' temperature of the air reduced
to five deg. below the freezing point.
The Duke de CHARTRES (Orleans) ascended in July from
the park of St. Cloud, with three other persons. •
VINCENT LUNA RD I, September is, rose from the Artil.
lery Ground, by a Balloon thirty-three feet in diameter. In
his ascent the thermometer fell to twenty-nine, and some
drops of water' round his Balloon'were frozen.
RoßEitri and Hutt-IN., .in the same month, spited
from Paris to Arras, in six hours and
,a half. "
Mr. S Antta,,who was the first Englishman that ascended
with a Balloon, rose in 0610ber, from Oxford.
Mr. S`HELDON ascended from Chelsea in the 'same month.

M. BLANCHARD and Dr. IErFERIES, on' the 7th- of Ja-
nuary, 1785, crossed the Channel between Dover and Calais,
by means of a Balloon, but had such difficulty to keep it
above the water, that they were obliged to throw overboard
every thing they had with them.
Mr. CROSR is ascended from Dublin, in the same month,
with such rapidity, that he was completely out of sight in
three minutes. ,

Count ZAMBECCARI and Admiral Sir E. YEariotv, in
March, sailed from London to Horsham, thirty-five miles,
in less than an hour.

Mr. WINDHAM and Mr. SADLER ascended from Moulsey
Hurst in May, and descended at the confluence of the Thames
and Medway.
Mr. M‘Gu 'RE in the same month, having ascended from
Dublin, was taken up. in the Channel by a boat, when on
the point of expiring with fatigue.
. M. M. P. DE ROZIER and Itott Ix ascended from Bou.
logne, on the 55th of July, with the intention of crossing the
Channel, but their Balloon, being a Montgolfier, took fire at
the height of 1200 yards, and they were dashed to pieces by
the fall.
Mr.. CROSBIE, who again ascended from Dublin, and Ma-
jor MoNEy„ from Norwich, in the same month, both fell
into the sea, and were with great difficulty saved. •
M. BLANCHARD, in August, sailed from Lisle to a dis-
tance of 300 miles before he descended.
We are not sufficientlyacquainted with the 'many
performanceS of K. GARNERIN, previous to that
of Monday last, to enable us to add them to this
list.

This being the season in. which people resort to
:he Watering Places for the benefit of the sea air and
bathing, we recommend previous to the latter the
reading of'Dr. SQUIRRELL'S TREATISE ON SEA
AND COLD BATHING, contained in his " Maxims
of Health," sold by MURRAY and HIGHLEY,
No. 32, Fleet-street"; and RICHARDSON, Royal
Exchange, A book universally approved of, as it
points out those complaints and peculiarities of the
Constitution, wherein an indiscriminate use of
bathing would be productive of pernicious con-
sequences, as well as describes those symptoms in
which it would prove of infinite service to nervous
and debilitated persons.

LONDON : Printed by BU CHA NA N 1 LLAN, (of Bow-Sfreet, Covent-Garden)
At the Surv.Ovrics, No. Ili) Strand ; where Advertisements, Orders I

Titittts* ARE DAILY ItIgINC, • AND **ILL': BE
HIGHER, THERE BEING ONLY 243000,tN,Tliii
PRESENT LOTTERY.
Begins thaßingthe 2d of NEXT MONTH.
The 'Tickets and Stamped Shat:es are sold and
registered at Mr. NiCHOLSGN'S' State LotTery
Office, No. s 6, Cornhill, London, wherein.
last Lottery, April‘ 7, 002, No.
.17,99.3, ,a Prize
of Twenty Thousand Pounds, was 'divided- and
sold in Sixteen Shaqs,, and in the late Lotteries,
No. 7755) I 5499 -9065
z34Br c,C20,900 17025 4270.0; /:, ro,?oo

(:each. 17049 ,4667.6 each,
4401-) 19004 ' 52603
No. 14777, 19896, 23339, 25565, 30875, 43978, Prizln of
• 5,0001, 'each. • •• • •
The Prizes in,this Lottery will •he paid in full,
without any deduaiOn, two months after the Lot-
.
tery has, finished drawing.
. Orders from the country (post paid) duly at-
tended to.—Correspondents, by
,remitting good,
Bills, at a shctrt date, Bank-Notes, Post-Office Or,*
dens, &c. may rely on being charged the lowest
price of the day.
Nate. The highest prizes in. this Lottery are.
zo,oool. each, and the lowest 191.

The Ponies at the Ney Theatre, Sadler's Wells,
ran four heats instead of three last night ; the race
was well contbsted ; and even in the fourth the win
tier had but half a neck advantage. , 'fliese Races,
with the .inimitable Pantomime of St. George, and
the otherunparallele& Entertainments, cannot -fail
filling the, ells' Txeasury.,

The new Comic Pantomime of. the .Golden
Farmer, or Harlequin Ploughboy, brought out at
the. Royal Circus, is .by no means composed of -the
common train of Harlequinade, but -a most ingeni-
Qus st,,ry, interspersed with interesting and truly
pleasing incidents, and accompanied by arvariety-of-
vell.adapred .and admirable tricks : in these the
*cry Suilerior powers of Byrne, in the part of Har-
lequin,, are called into full kiion; and his elegance.
of aetitude,. and, ,agility, in execution, .cause the
height of admiration. Mrs., Wyhrow, in .C.01um..:
displays Oso:the utmost .grace and animation..:
Montgomery's Clown proves constant • food for
mirth...."' The Golden Farmer; by Helm, _has much
merit. Miss AdamS obtains vast applause by .her
dancing in the Masquerade Scene .and- every ear is
charmed by the Music of this Piece, whichis by
W. Ware.----Such itttraaions cause, ,an overflowing_
Audience every 'evening. ,

The celebrity of .Steel's fragrant Lavender and
Honey Waters, are so well. established among the
Fashionable Circles, &c. as leave us little to offer hi
recommendation ; 'but interested individuals some.
times render publiCtaution requisite ; hence in or.
der to procUre those micles of fine quality and re-
duced price, it is necessary to, be particui.lr in di-
reding to J. C. Steel, Lavender Water Merchant to'
Her Royal Highness the Princess of Wales, N0."15,
Catherine-street.; Srrand, where the Nobility, &c.
wishing to avail themselves of the certainty of
having those esteemed and elegant Waters of his
genuine preparation, are requested to forward their
favours. But we must add, -that- Letters from the
Country must contain a Note or Order for payment
in London, as from the extreme low prices, they
are entirely ready money articles.

SHIP NEWS.

GRAVESEND, JULY I.

Passed by—the 06Iavia, from Virginia ; Newry,
Wilson from Newry Charles Patrick, Liza; and the Vrow
Susterkite, , from Rotterdam. _ . _ _

Sailed—the Fanny, ntheNy, for• Petersburgh ; Jacob,
, for Calais.; Onderneeming, Bloot, for Rotterdam ;.
Twe Gebroders, Beek, for Ghent ; Bee; Cullen, and Han-
nah, He4er, for Havre.