The Sun.
London, England, 1833-10-18 00:00:00

STEAM CARRIAGES,

The constant examples of the successful ap-
plication of steam-carriages to the ordinary roads
has created a new era in the history of scientific
discovery. The extent of the step that has
been taken in locomotive communication can
only be appreciated by a short retrospective glance.
How often has the prediction that automatic
carriages might supersede the use of vehicles
drawn by horses, been ridiculed (and that too
within a very few years) as the dream of a vi-
sionary, or the prophecy of a madman. The
laugh, however, is now silenced, and the ro-
mance has become a reality. "So it is," as
Voltaire says, " that the sagacious spirits who
are termed madmen for being in advance of
one age, become the guides and sages of the
next." The moral of the subject lies in the
query---If the past has so rapidly effected this
triumph, what prospects are there not reserved
for the future ? Are our next steps to be mea-
sured by the preceding ? It is now near forty
years, when neither steam-vessels nor steam-
carriages had made their appearance, that Dar-
win, in terms plainer than scriptural prophecy,
predicted what has now been realized--
Soon shall thy arm, gigantic steam afar
Drag Me slow barge, or urge the rapid car.
These two triumphs are now fulfilled ; in
the following line he proceeds to predict a
third : and who shall now say that it has not
as great a chance of fulfilment ? This last pre-
diction refers to the application of steam ma-
chinery to the direction of aerostation, which he
scientifically analogises to that of birds, the bal-
loon merely supplying the buoyant office of the
air-bladder--
Or on wide waving wings expanded bear
The flying chariot through the realms of air.
Pair crews triumphant, smiling from above,
Shall wave their fluttering kerchiefs as they move ;
Or warrior bands alarm the gaping crowd,
And armies shrink beneath the rushing cloud.
Bishop Wilkins's prediction of the success
of aerostation, couched in the celebrated
phrase, that a man would call for his Wings
as familiarly as for his boots, has not perhaps
the chance of being realized. But we have
made amends for our little progress in the air by
inventions for aiding locomotion on land and
water. Had the Bishop said of the steam-engine
what he said of the ballon, that instead of a
coachman we should have an engineer, and instead
of fresh horses at every stage we should have a
fresh supply of coals, he would have met with as
much incredulity as when predicting that we should
send colonists to them oon, and establish aerial post-
horses on the route. But even these things are not
more wonderful than the wonders of accelerated
travelling, which steam discovery (combining the
railroad and the steam-carriage) is opening upon
us. We pass over Mr. Vallance's plan for tra-
velling at the rate of 100 miles an hour by means
of a tunnel ; or Mr. Franklin's for travelling at
the same rate by means of a paper kite. If Dr.
Johnson was correct in saying that few things
were better than travelling at the rate of
ten miles an hour, including stoppages, how
would the Learned Doctor have been captivated
in travelling, and in an equally snug vehicle, at
the rate of a hundred. Twenty-five miles is not
beyond the speed of a hunter, and has been
realized repeatedly on railways. A permanent
speed beyond that would, perhaps, be intolerable,
but we see no reason why a steam-carriage on a
railway should not reach Margate, Dover,
Portsmouth, or Southampton, in three or four
hours.— Morning Advertiser.

CEMETERY.—An extensive cemetery is
about to be established beyond the limits of the city. TI.,
state of the church yards in Dublin is frightful. But a
few days since, we were informed by a clergyman, that a
body was interred, if indeed that can be said, in one of the
most populous neighbourhoods, not two feet from the sur-
face. This is an outrage upon common decency, both
towards the dead and the living, that calls fur
correction. A eemetery removed from the crowded
dwellings of the living, and the noisy and busy scenes of
life, if laid out with taste, and an a proper site, Hill
become an object of interest and fond regard, and we cor-
dially join in the anticipation of the Committee that it
will have a moral and useful influence.—DublinEvening
Post.

Landseer, the artist, has been for several
months engaged in depicting the most effective and pic•
turesque scenes of the Romantic Annals of England,
France, Italy, and Spain, for the purpose of illustrating
that useful and interesting work, " The Romance of His-
tory," of which an entire new edition is announced for
publication forthwith, in the cheap and popular form of
monthly volumes. The work is to be commenced on the
Ist of November, and continued on the Ist of every suc-
ceeding month until completed ; and every volume is to
contain not less than Seven beautiful illustrations take❑
from Drawings expressly designed by Mr. T. Landseer,
for this Illustrated Edition of the Romance of History.
There has been recently dredged up at Thorpe,
by the machine in the employ of the Norwich and Lowes.
toft Navigation Company, an ancient sword, which from
its scytnitar•like form has excited some curiosity. Its entire
length is 3 feet 2 inches; its blade though much corroded,
is still very elastic, and in its broadest part 21 inches. On
each side, a few inches above the guard, is a rude in-
laying of red gold, to represent a coronet of three points.
The gu rd is slightly curved, and the extremities pierced
with a quartrefoil. The pommel of brass is round, with
the sides flattened ; upon which is rudely engraved the
figure of a monster with a human face and the body of a
beast. Around this, on each side, is a similar figure, whose
tail is covered with foliage. There is no clue in our iocal
histories whereby we might assign a period to its being
lost in our river ; unless it was in the year 1277, when
King Edward, according to Stow, made a military pro-
grnes through Suffolk and Norfolk, and kept his Easter at
Norwich. This ancient weapon has been presented to
Norwich museum by the directors of the navigation.
Carnbridge Chronicle.

A case of greater barbarity has seldom been
known than the following, which occurred on the night of
the 7th instant, in the village of Panxwortli, Norfolk.
A man named Thirkettle, under-gamekeeper to Mr.
Burroughs, of Burlingham, went in the middle of the
night to call up Thurtell, another gamekeeper, say-
ing that there were three men on the Hill (a co-
vert) after the game. Thurtell got up and ac-
companied him ; and they had not long been
walking, before Thirkettle said he heard some shrieks in
the direction of his house, and he thought the men were
there murdering his wife. The two then went in that di-
rection, but Thirkettle got there first. When Thurtell
arrived, he found the poor woman put into the arm-chair,
apparently lifeless, her head dreadfully cut in six places,
her teeth knocked out, and her body very much bruised.'
Thirkettle appeared to feel burt for her, and declared he
considered it must be the threemenb. Life
.was.found not
to be extinct ; and in the morningedirection of Mr.
Burroughs, she was taken to the hospital. Search was
made for the footsteps of the preteontadhenEipintogualcs.hueffirse,i butt,ti none
could be found. The woman,
covered, declared it was her husband who had ilel•tryeatreed.
her, and her evidence is supported by One of the children •
but this he as stoutly denied, and even accompanied his
wife, apparently sorrowfully to the hospital. He was
however, apprehended on Tuesday, and after being ex-
amined by the Rev. J. D. Borton, was conveyed to Nor-
wich Castle, until his wife should be able to give evidence.
The woman, we are happy to say, is likely to recover.
They had for some time lived uncomfortably, in conse-
quence of his attentions to another woman. Some money
was taken out of the bureau, which is suspected to have
been done by Thirkettle himself, to give credit to the
ale.—Cambridge Chronicle.

LONDON,
FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 18, 1833.

22
44
27
12
27%
IQ

Due.

We can perceive by the Dutch Papers that
,he uneasy, jealous spirit of dissatisfaction stil

continues as active as ever among the Dutch and
Belgians. And yet the King of HOLLAND
still clings to the hope of being able to reunite
the two nations St. Petersburgh journals
mention that the Emperor of RUSSIA, in his
recent excursion through Poland, visited the
celebrated battle field of Ostrolenko, where, it
may be remembered, the Poles made such a

heroic stand against the overwhelming masses

of Scythian savages, brought against them by
DIEBITBCII. We do not envy the feel-
ings with which the Russian Nero surveyed this
scene of wholesale carnage. Though it must
have gratified his raging lust for blood, to think
how many hundred brave spirits there breathed
out their last gasp, yet his pride as a mo-
narch and a despot must have received a severe
shock, at reflecting how little—how very

,le impression, his countless myriads were able

to make on the Polish army. The battle of Os-
trolenko was assuredly not gained by the Rus-
sians—despite the boasted omnipotence of the
Imperial arms—for DIEBITSCH, though he ral-
lied shortly afterwards, was compelled to retreat,
while the Poles were enabled to bivouack
through the night on the field. The St. Pe-
tersburgh Journal, however, very discreetly in-
sists that the latter were completely routed.
This is just as it should be.

A negotiation being now in progress between
the English and Belgian Post-offices, having
for its object the extension of the communica-
tions from two to four times per week, one is
naturally tempted to ask why it is not at once
extended to every day? We pretend to be anxious
to cultivate the good will of the Belgians, to
enter into commercial relations with them, and
we talk of a post-office communication, four
times a week, between Ostend and London,

—places not further apart than London and
Derby or Shrewsbury, or about half the
distance of London and Durham or Carlisle !
Mr. SPRING RICE, in the addenda to his
pamphlet upon the doings of the Reform
Ministry and the Reformed Parliament, took
credit for the improvements made in the Post-
office Department. In his next edition he will
perhaps be good enough to bring some proofs of
its liberality in the matters of our intercourse
with foreign countries.

Captain Ross may be hourly expected in
London. He has arrived in the Isabella at the
Orkney Islands, all well.

We beg to call the attention of our readers
to the proceedings of the Magistrates yesterday
at the Middlesex Sessions, in granting music
licenses. They are well worthy of notice, but,
by some accident, this is a department of the
duties of the magistracy which has not beer
subject so much to the supervision of public
opinion as the rest, and abuses have accordingly
sprung up, which it is high time should be cor-
rected. We shall again advert to the subject
to-morrow.

In another column will be found a letter from
Dr. de PRATI on behalf of the Marquis of
CANOSSA, " the last male descendant of the
family of MICHAEL ANGELO," who at the
age of 74, appears to have been thrown into
prison by the French Government, for some
political offence. We cannot imagine that
LOUIS PHILIP, much as he has done to for-
feit the confidence of the friends of liberty,
will so cover himself with disgrace as to guillo-
tine, as M. de PRATI apprehends, a man of
74, who, whatever he may have written, would
be sufficiently punished by banishment from
France. At any rate we trust that the appeal
now made to the public, for the means of
defending so old and celebrated an advocate of
liberal principles, will not be made in vain.

Mr. GEORGE FARREN, the Resident Direc-
tor of the Asylum Assurance Company, must
by this time be rather sorry for the result of his
attack upon Joint Stock Banks. His exagge-
rated statement of evils to be apprehended from
them, and careful concealment of the benefits
they had actually yielded, made his pamphlet
utterly contemptible in the eyes of all well
informed men ; but it has unexpectedly been the
means of bringing before the public a vast
number of reasons in favour of doing that which
he so earnestly entreats the public not to do.
A gentleman, writing under the signature of
Civis, has added another to the list of replies
to Mr. FARREN'S statement, and certainly it is
not the least powerful of them. After ridiculing
Mr. FARREN'S confession of faith, that if fifty
private banks broke it would not shake his
confidence in the system at present pursued in
London, Civis shows that out of seventy banks
of deposit, which existed in London in 1810,
twenty-two have since failed, on an average, for

350 000/. each estate, making a total of abou

even millions and a half sterling►, of which,
after deducting the dividends, roux
LIONS sterling were actually lost to the
public. But admitting the present private
banks of London to be perfectly stable
Cry's shows that there is ample room for an-
other, but that the Manchester and Liverpool
Banking Companies, since eminently successful,
met with just the same opposition as Mr. FAR-
REN now urges to the establishment of a Joint
Stock Bank in London. He then continues—
" Your horror of such Companies is, however, ex-
cessive; and that you may try to shield the too sanguine
from the consequences of their own rash calculations, you
press into your service every conceivable hypothetical
calamity!

" The property of the partners may not be sufficient
to satisfy the judgments against the Bank;' (and, then,
your consistency I You first assume the partners to be
PAUPERS, and next you ' warn' them ant to join the
Banks for fear of losing their PROPERTY !)—he, therefore,
who gets a judgment against a partner, may get nothing
by his motion ; the Public officer ' may not have any
funds ;' the Directors may abstract all the moneys;' the
different proprietors may live a life of endless squabbles
amongst themselves.' But do you not see, Sir, that the
whole of your argument is based upon the supposition,
that it is more likely to find 60,000 Partners insolvent
than 6 ! and that it is not easy (indeed not possible) to
find twenty-four Directors who will not misapply the
moneys 'of the Bank! Your argument amounts to just
what I state; but really it requires no answer, for there
is nothing to refute.
"In reply to your Squabbles,' it is only necessary to
remind you, that by referring to the Reported Cases in
our Courts of Law, we find very few indeed in which
Binkers are parties. In point of fact very little litigation
results from Banking transactions ; and quarrels are much
less likely to happen with a body of Directors unswayed
by passion, than with individuals however remarkable for
meekness or forbearance.

" Joint Stock Companies are nevertheless the pillows
upon which you resolve to rest your resentment;' and ac-
cordingly your indignation is levelled against them but
may I venture to ask you, Sir, where slumbered all this
indignation when the Asylum Assurance Company
was brought into life? Why, Sir, you are like the man in
Hogarth's Contested Election,' who is sawing down the
adverse sign, without once considering that the saw is
between him and the wall ! For, if we ought not to have
Joint Stock Banks of Deposit, with large subscribed
Capitals, and small paid-up ones,' why should we have
Joint Stock INSURANCE Companies? Many of them have
considerable subscribed Capitals, and moderate paid-uP
ones; and why? because it is proper to secure to the
public the utmost facility of recovering any just claim
which individuals may have upon the body, therefore the
subscribed Capital ought to be sufficiently ample to cover
every possible amount; but as it is not likely that these
claims will ever be excessive at any one period, it is un-
necessary, and therefore would be unjust, to call upon the
Company to pay up its whole capital.
A Bank of Issue, indeed, ought to be required to pay
(up all or nearly all) its subscribed Capital ; but as a De-
posit Bank avowedly proposes to derive its income from
the lodgements of its customers, it ought not to be em-
barrassed with too much of its own money."
We trust that this last sentence does not in-
dicate an intention, on the part of' the new
Bank, to be satisfied with a small paid up cap
tal. A la
paid up capital will be necessary
o give the rge
public confidence; but as the share-
holders will, no doubt, express their sentiments

upon the subject, and as they will, from their
numbers, fairly represent public opinion, there
can be little danger of any new Company not
adopting the course best calculated to promote
its interests. Civis thus proceeds to demolish
Mr. FA RRE NI'S insinuations against the integrity
of Bank Directors

" But your objections to such Companies are not li-
mited to the largeness of the subscribed, or the smallness
of the paid up crpital. You 'suppose that the Directors
may abstract the money.' If every Director were to con-
cur (or each trustee to concur) in the robbery, then I
vant you they may get hold of all the money, and run
away with it ; but as no man in his senses would propose
a managing Director for a Joint Stock Bank, it would
not be possible for any one Director to abstract a shilling !
You ought to know that, in Public Banking Companies,
the Cash is never in the custody of any one Director. It
is in charge of the Cashiers, who give security ; no Di-
rector can get money except upon his check ; and his
check would not be paid unless he had the amount at his
individual credit. If men were to act upon your unchari-
table presupposition, there would be no Trustees, and
there could be no Trusts. No man would confide in any
two or three, for they ' might run away.' But now, Sir,
since we are upon this part of the subject, let me ask you
if the system of private banking be exempt from these
casualties ? Did you never hear of a private B snker run-
ning away with the money of his customers? a private
Banker can do so with great ease, as each partner has
free access to the Cash—pray, where is Mr. Rowr.mcn
STEPHENSON ? A private Banker, acting as sole Trus-
tee, may violate the trusts reposed in him, or if he have
Co-Trustees, he may forge their Signatures : both of these
happened in the case of FAUNTLEROT. Private Bankers
may,—during the agonies preceding their stoppage,—use
the short Bills of their Customers, though only paid in to
be collected, as in the cases of and

and , &c. Now, the perpetration of such
doings is next to impossible in a Joint Stock Bank ; and
I submit that, whatever objections may be made on the
score of risk in dealing with many partners, the risk of
dealing with a few is immeasurably greater.
" But ' the Directors may be merchants,' and then
customers will not like to go to them,' as they may be
in the same trade.' To be sure they may be merchants.
Igo further, and say, they ought to be merchants. Are
not the Directors of the Bank of England merchants? and
have you not a perfect answer to this objection, in corn•
paring the private deposits at the Bank in 1824, before
the panic, when they were about 2,000,0001., with the
amount of about 6,000,0001., in 1827, after the panic?
From that time to the present they have never been below
5,000,0001. ; they have exceeded 7,000,000/, and they
are now about 6,000,0001. And this vast amount remains,
although the interest is a dead loss to depositors; whereas,
in a Joint Stock Deposit Bank, the depositors would base
equal security, and get some interest. You see here, Sir,
how a conviction of security gets over the little paltry
notion of ' revealing one's business to a rival in trade.'
But, besides, are there no private bankers who are at the
same time merchants? Do you not know that Mr. Abra-
ham Robarts is a merchant ?—that Sir John Lubbock is a
merchant ? Doubtless, there are ethers ; but these will
suffice for an answer to you."

The pamphlet closes by a statement of the
profits of all the Joint-Stock Banks in existence,
by which it appears that the shares of some are
at premiums of 120, 125, and even 320 per
cent., whilst only three have ever failed, and
they, if we rightly recollect, occasioned no loss
to their customers. Those whose minds are in

doubt upon this important subject will do we
to read the pamphlet before us.

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE-(THIS DAY,

FROM LLOYD'S.

DEAL, OCT. N. and N.N.W.,
strong and squally.—Arrived the Henry Wellesley, John-
Son, from Bombay; and Anna, Robertson, from the South
Sea.. Sailed the Penyard, Park, for Mduritiuv.
POILTI.IOIITH, OCT. 17.—Wind W.N.W. to N.W. by
N., Wowing hard.

PLYMOUTH, OCT. 16 —Wind W.N.W., light.—Ar-
rived the Maria, Le Bas, from P4l4laga. The City of
London steamer, from London to Dublin, put back to this
port this d iy for the third time.

FALMOUTH, OCT. 16. —Wind W.N. W. to N.W., strong,
with heavy gales.—Arrived the Reindeer packet, from
Cirthag,na—sailed the 26th August, Jamaica the 3d ult.,
nd Crooked Island the 12th; she has on board 40.000
dollars in fright. The Plover packet, from Falmouth.
,rrived at Jamaica on the Ist ult., and sailed on the 3d
fir Honduras and Vera Cruz.

DOVER, OCT. 17.—Arrived off port the Washington,
J-fferson, from Manilla; and Resulu:ion, Gardner, from
Quebec.

MILFORD, OCT. M.—Arrived the Berwick, dicers,
from Q..bec.

GREENOCK, OCT. 15 —Arrived the Cartha, Morrison,
and Deverson. Edington, from Quebec.

DuoLIN, OCT. 16.—Arrived the Royal Mail, Robert.
ion, from Oporto.

LIMERICK, OCT. 15.—Arrived the Weer, Hembl,y,
frorr. Miramichi.

BEARHAVEN, OCT. 16.—Arrived the Robert, APNVil-
ham, from Quebec.

DROGHEDA, OCT. 16.—Arrived the Thorney Close,
Cowper, from Quebec.

LrvEarooL, OCT. 16.—Arrived the Matchleas, Garth,
from Laguna. Off port the Nith.dale, from New York.

The Cupid, Price, from Colchester to Quebec, Was
abandoned by the crew on the 2d ult. off the Banks of
Newfoundland, being in a sinking state.
The Fenny, from Dublin to Liverpool, foundered off
Holyhead on Wednesday morning—crew saved.
Captain Ross has arrived in the Isabella at the Orkneys.

MIDDLESEX SESSIONS.-(THIS DAY.)"

(Before B. RotrcH. Esq., M.P., and a Bench of
Magiqrates.)
MINT PKOSECUTIONS.—Ann APCurthy, an old Iris')
woman, WaR indicted for uttering a bad crown-piece on the
24th of September last, to a person named Agate ; and
another indictment charged her with uttering a counterfeit
half-crown to a person named Anderson, on the 10th of
the present month.
It appeared from the evidence that the counterfeit crown-
piece was tendered to Mr. Agate in Covent-garden market,
in payment for some turnips, and the half-crown to Mr.
Anderson for two-pennyworth of gin, on both occasions
the prisoner having more good money in her pockets than
would have purchased the articles.

Mr. SCARLETT and Mr. PARKER appeared for the pro,
secution.

The case was clearly proved against the prisoner, and
the Jury found her Guilty.
Th,. prisoner, who had only shortly been released from two
years' imprisonment for a similar offence, was sentenced
by the Court to twelve months' imprisonment and hard
labour, in the House of Correction.

Henry Mittington was indicted for unlawfully having
in his possession, on the 16th of the present month, sixtee❑
counterfeit shillings. On the day in question a police-
man, in consequence of information he had received, took
the prisoner into custody. On searching lim at the
station-house in Bow-street, he discovered a bad shilling
in his pocket,,, and suspecting that he had more about
him he desired him to op-n his mouth, which on his re-
fusing to do, the policeman caught him tightly by the
throat, when he instantly spit out 15 shillings, all of
which were counterfeit.

The prisoner, in his defence, said he had picked up the
money, and had placed it in his mouth for safety, think-
ing it would do him good some time or other.
The Jury found the prisoner Guilty, and the Court
sentenced him to twelve months' imprisonment and hard
labour in the House of Correction, twelve weeks of that
time to be kept in solitary confinement.
John Wall was convicted of stealing, on the 12th of
the present month, from the shop of Mr. Heath, a tobsc.
conic in Marshall-street, Westminster, half-a-crown, five
shillings, seven sixpences, and eightpence in copper.
From the evidence of Mrs. Heath it appeared that the
prisoner, who is a regular sneak, came into the shop while
she was in the back room. After looking round he went
to the till, and ran off with the money, which wds in a bas.
The Court sentenced the prisoner to seven years' tran-
sportation.