The Sun.
London, England, 1851-07-19 00:00:00

CALIFORNIA.

From San Francisco, California, our accounts, ex-
tending to the Ist of June, are of a very remarkable
character, aplrt entirely from the enormous and in-
creasing amount of remittances reported from Panama.
Large quantities of gold, extracted from the quartz near
Sonora by the very simple process of crushing the rock
with a hammer, were arriving in Sae Francisco, and
operations on an extensive scale with powerful machinery
had been opened. Nevada journals contain the following
striking reports of the progross of machinery in that
district:—
"There are now two steam quartz crushing-mills in
successful operation, and five more in process of erection,
one of which is to be started to work in a day or two,
this latter by Messrs. Collins and Cropet, having six
stamps, each weighing 650 pounds, and working to-
gether in a common trough, which is securely built of
the most solid materials, and capable of withstanding
any force that may be applied, and calculated to crush
about 10 tons of quartz per day.
" Mr. Abbey's mill was the first one which was set
to work, having now been in operation since about the
20th of February, and does a fair amount of business.
About a mile and a halt from Grass valley, and near
Ophir-hill, a mill is being put up by Messrs. Richardson
and Sowers, with a prospect of doing a very good busi-
ness when once in operation.

,‘ The heaviest machine in the valley is now in pro-
cess of erection for Judge Walsh, and is expected to be
in operation by the Ist of Jane. The mill is to com-
mence work with a buttery of is 5501 b. stamps, calcu-
lated to pulverize 40 tons of quartz per day. As the
business of the mill increases, the batteries are to be in-
creased to 40 stamps.
" On the Ist of June it is expected that the mill of
Messrs. Peck and Co. will also be in operation, driven by
an engine of 30 horse-power, and running 20 stamps of
5501 b. each. These will also be worked on the improved
trough or ' box principle.'
" The Sacramento City Company, Colonel J. Hays
and Company, will have their machinery in operation
within a few days, driving the stamps in two equal
batteries,"

The Stockton Journal learns that the quartz veins at
Carsom's Creek are yielding immense returns. It says—
" In one place the workers took out 901 b. of pure gold
in one day. In three days the same party took out 1501 b.
of unalloyed ore. To those who aro sceptical as to the
value of the quartz wins with which the whole section
of the San Joaquim district is diversified, this account
may appear somewhat exaggerated; but, from the au-
thority on which we give this extraordinary news, we
can fully assure all doubters that there is not more truth
in the most ordinary and well attested every-day occur-
rences than there is in our statement."

A Sin _Francisco journal saya--
" We were shown yesterday, at the office of Moffat
and Co., some 501 b. of gold specimens, brought from a
gold mine in Calaveras. They had been hammered by
hand out of the quartz rock, aud, from their appearance,
the rock must be the richest we have yet seen. Indeed,
the wealth of this mine appears inexhaustible.
" The stockholders of the Deserit Mining Company
have just held their annual meeting at Los Angeles.
This company are now in active operation at their mine,
about 250 miles from Los Angeles, and have two mills
at work. Two shafts have been sunk, one 40 and the '
other 16 feet deep, and about 150 tons of rock have been
thrown out. 15 men are employed, and preparations
are being made to erect more mills. The company is
very sanguine of success', and have exhibited some beau-
tiful specimens. They have, as yet, had not difficulty
with the Inclihms at their mine, although some of their
prospecting parties have been charged upon by the
'titans who, discovering them to
be •
Americans, treated
them with the utmost kindness."
Letters from Downsieville, dated May 19, in the San
Francisco papers, acid—

"Dry diggings are numerous and are being discovered
in every direction, and almost every new 'strike' is
richer than the last. Dargan's Flat, opposite the town,
has turned out over 200,000 dolls. within the last two
months. One claim, belcmging to some gentleman from
Pittsburgh, having yielded over 12,000 dolls., and vilas
sold a few days since tor 6,000 dolls., cash, and has
most repaid the purchasers already. I have seen 2,100
dolls. for one day's work for tv.o men—all large, coal.l.e
gold. Large deposits cf quartz have been found ;
be-
tween this place and Indian Creek, which prospects
very large from the specimens brought in. A quantity
has been sent to Nevada to be experimented upon, arid
but little doubt exists that it will pay at least 50 per
cent. Miners are arriving in large numbers every d.ty,
and many are leaving here with their piles' for hotase.
Living is cheap: fresh beef, pork, flour, butter, &e.,
plentiful and cheap, and but few who board themselves
spend more than 1 doll. per day."
From other sources we extract the following addi-
tional items:—

"Rumours have been rife of late that the veritab2e
Laguna d'Oro' has been found. Whatever may be tae
case, near Rich-bar, on the North Fork of the Feath
River, another bar has been struck, where 700 clainxs
were taken up in one day, and those who had gone to
work wore getting from 10 to 50 ounces per day. This
intelligence, from such good authority, can hardly oo
doubted. The neighbourhood is known to be one of t tic
richest, 43 men out of 400 having gone home this year
with fortunes after a single season at Rich-bar.
"There is a prospect that an unusual quantity of gold
will go forward from this city by the steamer of the 15t} i.
Freeman and Co. have already received more th.:.n
60,000 dolls., and their entire shipment will probably
exceed 100,000 dolls. The price of dust at present is
not considered an inducement to sell, and the miners
rather prefer to send it on themselves to getting less than
16 dolls. per ounce, even if it is almost one quarter black
sand. The accounts of further rich discoveries near
Weaverville incline us to the opinion that the Cayota
diggings are likely to prove as extensive in this region
as at Nevada.

" Some hundreds of emigrants from the Celestial Em-
pire have arrived in this city within the last week. This
element of our population is likely to be a rapidly in-
creasing one. Tens of thousands of these honest and
industrious people will be among us in two or three
years more. In all domestic pursuits their services are
not surpassed, while in the mechanic arts their habits of
imitation make them apt scholars. There is no doubt
but that extensive contracts will be entered into to bring
the Chinese to California, and their services will be
chosen here for any and all duties to which they are
suited. As the opposition among the Celestials to emi-
gration wears away we may expect to find them extend-
ing their journey to the Atlantic board, and more im-
portant results than are now anticipated will follow from
this movement. In the sugar and cotton fields of the
south it is more than probable that this labour could be
used 's profitably as that of slaves, whose cost of keep-
ing is far greater than the economical Chinese. There
are many strange things in the future, which the Ame-
rican occupation of California promises to hasten before
our view. The Chinese have only led the way. The
Japenese will soon follow in their march."
Oa other points the San Francisco journals contain
little intelligence of interest. San Francisco was rapidly
recovering from the effects of the late destructive con-
flagration; thne-fourths of the streets devastated were
again rebuilt, and business was resuming its usual course.
Stockton also had made considerable progress in re-
building; and, as regards the markets, neither of the
disasters had had the effect on prices which was antici-
pated, tee vast quantities of goods on shipboard and en
route being more than adequate to meet the demand. Of
affairs in the interior the Alta California says:—
" The Whig and Democratic perties have each made
their nominations, and the contest for State officers and
Congress is now fully opened. The Whig nominations
were made with much unanimity, and probably the De-
mocrats will give quite as undivided a support to their
nominees. Rumours of Indian difficulties and skir-
mishing in the northern part of the state are rife. The
despised Indians have proved themselves not lacking in
courage, and it is to be deeply regretted that a few indi-
viduals have had the power and want of principle which
has made a war with these wreteeed creatures quite pro-
bable. There never has existed in the nature of the case
any necessity for bitch a deploraole condition of things.
The prospects of agriculture are very good—much better
than was at one time anticipated. The late rains have
'materially increased the probabilities of good crops.
This employment of a portion of our citizens is certain
to be an increasing and profitable one. The Indian Com-
missioners have met with excellent success in their
aud only need the sustaining
efforts to pacify thelndians,
arm of Governarnt at home, with reasonable appropria-
tioer, to ender the State and nation a most excellent
•
serviee. The first execution under the laws of this
state took piece in Stockton on Thursday last. It was
for murder. Crime has been considerably checked of
for a better state of things
darts, and there is some hope
future."

THE LONDON GAZETTE, July 18.
f
At the Court at Buckingham Palace, the 17th dayo
July, 1851, present, the Queen's most excellent Majesty
in Council. Rer Majesty having been Plea" to ap-
point the Right Honourable Charles William, Earl of
Sefton, to be Lord-Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of
the county palatine of Lancaster, his Lordship this day
took tho oaths appointed to bo taken thereupon/
instead
of the oaths of allegiance and supremacy.
BOARD OF GREEN CLOTH, BUCKINGHAM-
PA.LikeE, JULY 16.
The Queen has been pleased to appoint Major Thomas
Middleton Bieldulph to he Master of her Majesty's House-
hold, vie, major-General ileorge Bowles, resigned.
FOREIGN-OFFIOE, JULY 15.
The Queen has been pleased to approve of Mr. Bern-
hard Hebeler ns Consul-General in the United Kingdom
for his HighnessW the DuHke of Nassau.
HITEALL, JULY 16.
The Queen has been pleased to direct letters patent to
be passe,l under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom,
Major-General Georg© Bowles,, the office or
granting to
dece..sedo.n,
~, i,freutmaant of her al9jiNty s Tower of London,
in -- 1 I ral John Sulivan Wood,
in the room 0 n c
WHITSHALL, JULY 16.

cr
The Queen has beer. pleased to appoint William John
Jordan and Stophesi Henry Lee, Es ~ to be Captains
and Thomas Arundell Tagg, Gent., to be +1 Supernume.:
rary Lieutenant, is the Artillery Company of London.
vnuTEnALT„ JULY 18.
The Queen has been pleased to present the Reverend
George Murray to the church and parish of Balmaelel-
lan, in the . presbytery anA stewartry of Kircudbright,
vacant by the death of the Reverend William Wilson,
late minister thereof. _ _

CROWN-OFFICE, JULY 16.
MEMBERS' RETURNED TO SERVE IN TIII3 PRESENT
PARLIAMENT.
Borough of Koaresborough—Th omas Gains, jun., of
Knareaborough, in the county of York, Esq., in the room
of the Right Hon. William Sebright Laseelles, decease d.
Borough of Arundel--The Right Hon. Edward
Strutt, of Rfogaton-hall, in the county of Nottingham,
n thr, room of henry Granville Fitzalan Howard, com-
monly called Earl of Arundel and Surrey, who has ac-
cepted tho office of Steward of her Majesty's Chiltern
Hundreds.