The Sun.
London, England, 1834-08-13 00:00:00

PROTEST OF DON MIGUEL.

" In consequence of the events which compelled me to
leave my dominions of Portugal and abandon for a while the
exercise of my power, the honour of my person, the interest
of my faithful subjects, and finally every motive of justice and
decorum require of me to protest, as I hereby do in the face
of all Europe, with regard to the above events, and against
any innovation whatsoever, which the Government, now exist-
ing in Lisbon, shall have introduced, or should hereafter in-
troduce, contrary to the fundamental laws of the kingdom.
" From the above expose it may be inferred that my ac-
quiescing in all the stipulations imposed upon me by the pre-
ponderating forces confided to the Generals of the two Go-
vernments now existing in Madrid and Lisbon, in accord with
two great Powers, was a mere provisional act on my part, for
the purpose of saving my subjects in Portugal from misfor-
tunes, which the just resistance I might have made would not
have spared them, having been surprised by an unexpected said
unwarranted attack from a friendly and allied Power.
" By those motives I had firmly resolved, as soon as it
should be in my power (as it behoved my honour and my duty)
to make known to all the Powers of Europe the injustice of
the aggression directed against my rights and person, to pro-
test and declare, as I hereby protest and declare, now that I
am at liberty, against the capitulation of the 26th of May last,
which was proposed to me by the Government now existing
in Lisbon, an act which I was obliged to sign in order to pre-
vent greater misfortunes, and spare the blood of my faithful
subjects. This capitulation must consequently be considered
as null and void.

" Genoa, June 20, 1834. "—Gazette de France, Aug. 12.

FRENCH FUNDS.—Pants, Ave. 11.
Five per Cents., 106 f. 1061 20c. 15c,
our per Cents., 93f 25c.
Three per Cents., 75f. 40c. 50c. 45c.
Rente de Naples, RIC i-Oc. 15c.
Roman Five per Cents., 94
Rente d'Espagne, Five percents., 36 3:1434.
Rente d'Espagne, Three per Cents., 31% 31 3434.
Royal Spanish Loan, 6.5 643 C 4
Bente Perpet. d'Espagne, Five per Cents., 505 E 49N 505 .
Belgian Loan, rive per Cents., 99.
Haytian Loan, 270 f.

EXCIIANCE ON LONDON.
One month, paper, 2 f. 27 c. ; money, 25f 25c.
Three months, paper, 25f. 15c. ; money, 2.51.
—C'ours Authentique.

TIIE IRISH TITHE BlLL.—=Several Peers, staunch
supporters of the Government, came to the Metropolis express
from their respective seats in various parts of the country, to
be present at the debate. Among these were the Earl of
Darnley, who arrived from Cobham Hall ; Earl of Cork, from
Leamington Spa ; Lord Saye and Sele, from the Belvidere ;
Lord King, from Ockham Park ; Earl of Chichester, from
Stanmore Park. The proxies of five Ministers at Foreign
Courts—namely, the Earls of Granville and Minto, Lords

Howard de Walden, Ponsonby of Imokilly, and Erskine, were
given in favour of the second reading, as well as that of the
Marquis of Sligo, Baron Monteagle, the Governor of Jamaica.
Lord Hill, the General commanding in chief, who generally is
neutral on these occasions, voted with Ministers. Viscount
Melbourne held Earl Grey's proxy.—Morning Paper.

The Marquis of Clanricarde and family took their
departure for Antwerp this morning, by the General Steam
Navigation Company's packet Attwood.

The General Steam Navigation Company's packets,
plying between Ramsgate, Margate, and London, continue to
increase in public favour. The admirable skill with which
those vessels are managed, the excellent accommodation they
afford, and the strict regard which is paid, upon all occasions,
to the comfort and convenience of passengers, render them a
truly delightful mode of conveyance at this season of the year.
It is impossible to take a trip, whether long or short, in any of
the vessels belonging to this Company, without being struck
with the excellence of the arrangements. Good fare, on rea-
sonable terms, are amongst the advantages they present; for
the comforts and even the luxuries of the tavern are not omit-
ted. We need scarcely add that expedition is another of the
characteristics. Who doubts the velocity of steam ? Upon
the whole, for security and comfort, and, we may say, elegance
of accommodation, we have seen nothing to surpass the ar-
rangements of this Company.

ORANGE PROCESSIONS.—At the Down Assizes,
on Thursday, seventy-nine Orangemen were arraigned for
assembling and marching in procession on the 12th ult., and
as they all submitted, they were fined in sums varying from
20s. to ss. each. On the following day, eight other Orange-
men were indicted for a similar offence, and pleaded guilty ;
but, as their conduct had been very riotous and insulting, and
as some of them had come to Court shouting and cheering,i-
and calling out, "To hell with. the Pope 1" they were sen-
tenced to be imprisoned for a fortnight, in addition to a fine of
twenty shillings each. At the Cork Assizes, on Thursday,
seven of the Bandon Orangemen were indicted for appearing
in arms on the Ist of July, for the purpose of celebrating the
anniversary of the battle of the Boyne ; but on their sub-
mission the defendants were discharged.
DESTRUCTIVE FIRE.—On Sunday night, about
half-past ten o'clock, a fire broke out in the house of Mr.
Cain, grocer, 5, Fox-lane, Shadwell, which spread with such
rapidity that the greatest alarm was excited in the neighbour-
hood, being a very populous one, for some hours. So rapid
was the spread of the flames that before the arrival of the New
London Fire Establishment engines, with upwards of thirty
firemen, from Wellclose-square, Princes-square, Watling-
street, and various other stations, Mr. Cain's premises and
stock were reduced to a heap of ruins. The greatest praise is
due to the firemen and police for their able services, and also
for the valuable assistance received from the floating fire en-
gine. The premises of Mr. Courtney, No. 4, Fox-lane, are
considerably damaged, and also the Fox public-house, ad-
joining. There was a plentiful supply of water, and the pro-
perty destroyed is insured in the Sun Fire-office. Fortunately
no personal injury has been sustained,

LONDON,
WEDNESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 13, 1834.

We have received Paris Papers of yesterday, Zvi

intelligence from Madrid, dated the sth inst. The
French Journals are particularly worthy of notice, as
they contain the address submitted to the Chambers,
in answer to the KING'S speech, with the debate
thereon in the Chamber of peers on the 9th inst.
The address is as wordy, as full of complimentary
allusions to the wisdom of the Sovereign, and as eva-
sive in language and the recommendation of any fixed
line of policy, as the most absolute Monarch in
Europe might desire. It is a mere echo of the
speech from the throne, with all the pompous verbosity
and mysticism of a sybil's prophecy in blank verse.
The quadruple treaty is praised, the King's close al-
liance with England is eulogized, the war in Spain is
deplored, the improved aspect of eastern affairs is glo-
ried in, precisely in the same way, and nearly in
the sam words in which they were in the speech
from the Throne—but nothing is said about the
course which Ministers ought to adopt for the
purpose of diminishing the subjects of regret, and
rendering permanent the pleasures arising from prosperity
and friendly alliance with other states. M. DE BREZE op-
posed the address with great vehemence. He argued that
the pledges given by the Government, to the people,
after the revolution of July, were yet unfulfilled ; that
merciless severity had been resorted to, for the purpose
of putting down an insurrection of a few hundreds of
unarmed artizans, and that many taxes were unrepealed,
and other reforms in accordance with the provisions of
the charter unnoticed, which it was desirable should be
mentioned in the address. The Minister of Public

Instruction, in supporting the address, defended him-
self and his coagues from the charge of merciless
severity preferred against the Government. Mar-
shal LOBAU, under whose orders the troops acted
in quelling the insurrection, appealed to his ser-
vices in the cause of freedom and France, as
proofs of his incapacity to treat Frenchmen
with merciless severity: The troops under his
command, on the occasion alluded to, amounted only to
forty thousand ; should another insurrection of the
same character take place, he hoped to be able to
bring a hundred thousand into action. This chival-
rous speech was very properly received with laughter
and mock-applause by the Chamber. After several
Members had spoken, some of whom condemned the
conduct of the Government with regard to the tragic
affair of the 14th of April last, in the -Itue-TransiiOnain,
and their apathetic indifference to the insurrection
in Spain, the Chambers divided on the Address, when
the numbers were—

Number of Voters present 91
For the Address B2
Against__ it
9
Majority -73
The Address was accordingly adopted by the Peers.
What opposition it may meet with in the Chamber of
Deputies we have not yet learned, as the Sitting of
the 9th was entirely taken up in going through the
preliminary forms ; and nothing of an important pub-
lic nature was done, except the appointment of a Com-
mittee on the Address.

We yesterday gave an outline of the proceedings in
the Chamber of Proceres, or Peers of Spain, on the
address to the REGENT'S speech from the throne. -The
debate in the Chamber of Procuradores, or Deputies,
is now before us, realizing in a great measure our anti-
cipations of the sentiments which would be found to
pervade the majority of that Assembly. The address
wa3 read by M. LOPEZ, the Secretary, by whom
it was drawn up, upon which the Vice-Pre-
sident, M. MEDRANO rose, and after denouncing it
as a most wicked, detestable, dangerous, and revolu-
tionary document, moved its entire and utter rejection.
Most of the Ministry, with their new alley, Count
TORENO, followed ; and though they did not dare to
propose voting for the wholesale rejection of the ad-

dress, they inveighed with great bitterness against the
clauses in it which demanded the removal of all re-
strictions from the public press. They also defended
,
their conduct with respect to the attack on the
convents on the 17th of July ; and in answer
to several questions on the subject of the insurrection
in Navarre, M. M. DE LA Rosa stated, that it was
not usual with the Government to make any announce-
ment connecting therewith the name of an individual,
of the truth of which they had not the fullest testi-
mony ; that doubts still existed as to whether or not
DON CARLOS was at the head of the insurrection,
but that whether he was or was not the Ministry would
use every means to crush the rebellion with all possible
speed. He too condemned the liberty of the Press
contended for in the address, and inveighed against trial
by jury, and the proposal for making Ministers personally
responsible for acts done in their official capacity. After
a long and animated debate, which lasted during the
sitting of the 3d, an adjournment of the discussion was
moved -and carried, and the Chamber rose without
having come to any conclusion upon it. We learn,
however, by an express from Madrid of the sth inst.,
that the Ministry had succeeded in carrying several
important amendments, which they proposed on the
renewal of the debate in the sitting of the 4th,
which would obviate the necessity of their
resigning, which they would have been under
the necessity of doing, had the address been adopted
by the Chambers without undergoing any alteration.
The fate of Don CARLOS in Spain is sealed. Zu-
NiALA CARR EGUY has been for some time engaged in
raising recruits in the Bastan and Pampeluna, but he
has neither arms nor provisions, and the troops under
his command are for the most part a ragged rabble,
without half the accoutrements necessary for soldiers
in active service. To complete the distresses of the
insurgents, the military commandant at St. Sebastian
received orders from the QUEEN'S Government to
collect all the boats in the ports of Fontarabia, Lessee,
and the Passage, and, in case of contravention, to burn
them to ashes in twenty-four hours: The object of this is
to prevent the flight of the Carlists to any other part
of the coast. It has been announced in the French
Chamber of Deputies that France has not been soli-
cited to interfere in the civil war in Spain.

The South Australian scheme has received the
sanction of both Houses, for a reason too common to
many of their acts, namely, that the subject of them is
not understood ; but credence is given to their pro-
moters, though they are swayed by considerations of
self-interest. We cannot conceive, however, what
these last promise to themselves in the present in-
stance. Corn cannot pay the freight of a five months'
voyage. As an agricultural speculation, with reference
to this country, therefore, the present measure must
fail ; and it is no business of ours to plant a colony
for the supply of other countries with grain. Even if
it were to succeed, it saps the foundations of our
prosperity, for it takes from us the most valuable of
our labourers, and a portion of our capital, which
ought to be beneficially employed at home, and might
be, if our home industry were not repressed by bad
legislation, which produces an unemployed increase of
the one, and an unemployed accumulation of the
other. Emigration is a mere palliative, and a bad
palliative. The remedy is to get at the root of the evil.
Mr. WHITMORE, whose name figures among these
schemers, must have applied himself to the state of
our agriculture to little purpose, if he has not perceived
that the Western and Southern counties of England
are most wretchedly cultivated—that the Northern and
Eastern are still susceptible of great improvement—
and that in all of them the growers of corn are dis-
tressed. Is not the good sense of the matter then to
investigate the causes of this distress, and to remove
them ? When they shall be removed, and when the
improvements in husbandry which have been suc-
cessfully practised in the Lothians of Scotland, and in
the Northern counties of England, shall be introduced
into the Western and Southern counties, we shall then
find that we can employ not only the whole of our own
labourers, but shall require assistance from Ireland.—
Upon this subject we beg leave to recommend to Mr.
WHITMORE'S perusal the present state of the tenancy
of land in Great Britain, by L. KENNEDY and T. B.

GRAINGER, Esquires.
While one third only of our population are engaged
in agriculture, the numbers of the people both agri-
cultural and manufacturing have been increasing for the
last thirty years at the rate of about 15 per cent. in
each period of 10 years. This increasing number of
our people produces an increasing demand for corn.
How happens it then, that when one-third of the po-
pulation only is engaged in agriculture, with an increas-
ing population, and an increasing demand for corn,
the number of unemployed agricultural labourers con-
tinues to increase, and that, while capital overflows, it
is not employed in the cultivation of the soil, for the
products of which there is nevertheless an increasing
demand? Upon this subject we beg leave to refer
Mr. WHITMORE to Mr. MUNDELL'S last publica-
tion, from which he will find how our industry is re-
pressed by the laws we have passed relative to
the currency, corn, wages, particular manufactures,
and through taxes. In place of applying himself to
the deportation of the best of our labourers, and to
the sending to a distant settlement for agricultural
purposes a portion of our capital, if Mr. WHITMORE
will apply himself to the investigation of the causes
which have deprived the home growers of corn of their
capital, and wrested from them the benefits that ought
to result from the increasing demand of an increasing
population for food, he may then discover that if these
causes shall be removed, capital will return to the cul-
tivation of the soil, for which we shall then require
the labourers and the capital he is now doing his best
to send abroad. There are about twenty-seven mil-
lions of acres under cultivation in England, while
' there are about six millions more uncultivated, part of
which is capable of cultivation. It is plain that if
these twenty-seven millions of -acres were duly culti-
vated, England should raise for herself enough of corn
for her own consumption ; and yet, for the last
eighteen years, the quantities she has received from
Ireland and from foreign soils, not to mention
Scotland, have more than doubled. In Ire-
land too, there are nearly five millions of acres
not cultivated at all ; and the ten millions, or
thereabouts, under cultivation in that country, are
still more wretchedly cultivated than the worst cultivated
parts of England. Surely the land already in culti-
vation in England and Ireland should be properly
cultivated, and the land in the United Kingdom not
yet cultivated at all should be brought into proper
cultivation, before the best of our labourers, and a
portion of our capital, are sent to cultivate land in a
new colony. We entreat the attention of our readers ,
to this subject. It is only within the last eighteen