The Sun.
London, England, 1851-04-09 00:00:00

COURT CIRCULAR.

HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE.
FIRST APPEARANCE of Mdlle. MONTI.
It is respectfully announced that TO-MORROW EVENING, April
10 (included in the Subscription), will be produced, with the Ori-
ginal Music, Dances, &c., Anber's celebrated Opera of
MUTA DI PORTICI,
(Masaniello).

The costumes executed by Miss Bradley and Mr. Coembes, under
the superintendence of Mme. Copere. The appointments by Mr. E.
Bradwell. The incidental Dances by M. Paul Taglioni. The Sce-
nery by Mr. Charles Marshall. The Mise en Scene under the direc-
tion of Mr. A. Harris.
Alfonso, Signor Scotti (his first appearance) ; Lorenzo, Signor
Mercurali (his first appearance) ; Selva, Signor Balanchi ; Masa-
niello, Signor Pardini (his first appearance), of the Italian Opera,
Berila; Pietro, M. /lasso' (his first appearance at her Majesty's
Theatre) ; Borella, Signor Lorenzo; Elvira, Madame Florentini
(her first appearance in that character) ; Fenella, Dionti (her
first appearance in England).
In act first, a Grand Divertisement ; La Gurache et Napolitaine,
by Messrs. Kohlenberg, Soto, Aussandon, Soldansky, Allegrini, Pas-
cales, Emma, Dantonie, and the Ladies of the Corps de Ballet ; Le
Bolero, by Madlies. Mathilde, Rosa, Julien, and Lamoreux, and M.
Ehrick. Finale Generale, in act third, La Tarantella, by Macille.
Amelia Feraris, M. Charles, Madlles. Kohlenberg, Soto, Aussandon,
Soldansky, Allegr.ni, Pascales, Emma, Dantonie, Mathilde, Rosa,
Julien, and Lamoreux, MM. Ehrick. and °outlet, and the Ladies and
Gentlemen of the Corps de Ballet.
Director of the Music and Conductor, 3f. Balfe.
To conclude with a selection from the admired Ballet, La Esme-
ra/da, in which Madlie. Carlotta Grisi and M. Charles will appear. T.
Auber's successful Opera, Gustave 111., on le Bal Masque, will be
repeated forthwith.
Application for Boxes, Stalls, and Tickets, to be made at the Box-
office of the Theatre• Doors opened at Seven, the Opera to com-
mence at Half-past Seven o'clock.

THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE.
'Lessee and Manager, Mr, James Ando:son.
THIS EVENING
Will be presented by her Majesty's Slrvanta
THE QUEEN OF SPADES. Prince of Moskau, Mr. W. Lacy ;
Ivan, Mr. J. Anderson ; Kopeck, Mr. Barrett ; Katinka Nelidorf,
Miss F. Vining; Olga, Mrs, W. Lacy.
After which, a new grand Operatic Spectacle, entitled AZA EL,
THE PRODIGAL. Reuben, Mr. Vandenhoff ; Azael, Mr. J. Ander-
son ; Amenophis, Mr. W. West ; Bucharis, Mr. Cooper ; Sethos, Mr.
Rafter; Tephtele, Miss F. Vining; Neite, Mrs. Walter Lacy ; Lia,
1/utile. Victorine Legrain (Premier Sujet du Opera de Paris), who
has been expressly engaged for the occasion, and will make her
appearance every evening.
To conclude with RAISING THE WIND.
Mr. JAMES ANDERSON has the honour to announce to his
Friends and the Patrons of the Drama generally, that his BENEFIT
is fixed for SATURDAY, April 12, being the Last Night of perform-
ing before Easter, on which occasion will be presented
A petite Comedy, entitled A MORNING CALL, in which Mr. J.
Anderson and Mrs. Nisbett will appear.
After which UNE SOIREE CARNAVAL.
With a MUSICAL MELANGE.
To be followed by AZAEL.
And other Entertainments.

THEATRE ROYAL. HAYMARRE f .
Mr. B. Webster, Sole Lessee aril Manager, 01.: Brompton.
THIS EVENING,
Will be performed THE LADY OF LYONS. Claude Melnotte
Mr. J. W. Wallack Pauline DeschaPpelles, Miss L. Addison.
To conclude with DON CiESAIt DE BAZAN. Don Cmsar,
Mr. J. Wallack.

THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI.
Under the direction 01 Madame Celesta
THIS EVENING,
Will be performed THE WILLOW CONE.
To be followed by JACK IS TILE GREEN.

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET.
Under the Management of Mr. C. Kean and Mr. Keeler.
The last 4 nights of Pauline, previous to the forthcoming Easter
Novelties.
THIS EVENING,
Will be performed a new and original Comedy entitled LOVE IN
A. MAZE. Characters by Messrs. C. Kean, Keeley, Wigan, Harley,
Addison, Meadows ; Mrs. Keeley, Mrs. Winstanley, and Mrs. C.

Kean.
To conclude with a new Melodrama, entitled PAULINE, in
which Mr. and Mrs. Charles Kean will appear.

ROYAL OLYMPIC TIU
Lessee and Manager, Mr. W. Farren.
THI. EVENING,
Will be performed THE FARMER'S STORY.
After which CHARLES KING.
To conclude with THE BOTTLE IMP.

ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPUITIIEATRE.
tlader the Patronage of her Majesty and his Royal MOMS
Prince Albert.
Proprietor and Manager, Mr. W. Batty.
The public are respectfully informed that the Theatre is closed
until Easter Monday next, April 21. The Theatre will be entirely
newly decorated and re-embellished, and every effort made to sustain
the high repute which this establishment holds in piblic estimation :
the vast improvements of additional height, in order to facilitate the
scenic effects, as essentially necessary to the hippodramatic entertain-
ments, have been particularly attended to, and every department
actively employed for the production of a splendid historic spectacle,
from the pen of G. H. Rodwell, Esq. New scenery, machinery,
decorations, and magnificent costumes. The circle will prove doubly
attractive, Mr. Batty being on the Continent making arrangements
with artistes of the first talent and celebrity of their prolessions.
Particulars will be given in future announcements.

After some observations in favour of the motion from
Mr. SLANEY and MT. HUME,
Sir G. ORSY assented willingly to the introductio❑ of
the Bill, but cautioned the House against ex pecting
measures of this o,sr:cter to remove directly the
social evils upon which the Noble Lord had dwelt.
They were to be diminished rather by individual effort.
Mr. STANFORD, Mr. Fox, Lord C. HAMILTON, and
Mr. LAEOUCHERE having severally addressed a few
observations to the House, leave was given to bring in
the Bill.
The Bill was subsequently brought in and read the
first time.
Sir H. W. BARRON then moved that the House do re-
solve itself into a Committee to consider the state of
Ireland, with a view to relieve the distress there existing.
The Hon. Baronet in the course of his speech severely
attacked the Irish Poor Law, to the existence of which
he seemed to attribute the greater portion of the prevail-
ing
distress.
Sir Lucius O'BRIEN seconded the motion, which was
supported by Mr. REYNOLDS.
Sir W. SOMERVILLE opposed the motion, and in the
course of his speech announced his intention of laying
on the table of the house all the papers relating to the
recent occurrences in the Kilrush Union.
Mr. M.UGAN JOHN O'CONNELL supported the motion.
Mr. S. CRAWFORD attributed the distress of Ireland
to the unsatisfactory nature of the relations between
landlord and tenant.
Lord J. RUssELL attributed the greater portion of
the distress in Ireland, which, however, he was happy
to say, was less aggravated than it bad been, to the
dreadful famine which had recently prevailed in that
country.
Mr. FRENCH supported the motion, which, on a divi-
sion, was negatived by a majority of 9—the numbers
being, for the motion, 129; against it, 133.
Mr. FREWEN moved for a Select Committee to con-
sider the establishment of a mail-train between Great
Yarmouth and Leicester and Rugby, to meet the mail-
trains between Liverpool and Holyhead at Rugby.
Mr. C. LEWIS opposed the motion, which was with-
drawn.
The Small Tenements Rating Act Amendment Bill
was read a second time.
The House adjourned at Half-past Twelve o'clock.

HIGH WATER Al LOSDON BRIDGE
ram Da. —Morning 39 min. after Evening 10 min. after 7
Tolloinow—Morning 44 min. after 7 Evening 16 main. after

THE WEATIIER.—Sus OFFIcE, Arm, 9.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
46—highest since ncon yesterday.
3-I—lowest this morning and during the night.
40—this day, at noon. _

- -
BAROMETER, '29.85.
Warn E.N.E.—dull, cloudy weather, with rain.

DAILY WEATHER TABLE.

State of the Wind and Weather at each of the following
places at Nine o'clock yesterday morning.—The stations
are arranged in order of latitude.
ELIQGSTOWN (DullLni) —Wind S.S.E., gentle breeze—

. The alterations to the front of Buckingham Palace being
now completed, all guests and visitors to the palace wil
enter through the iron gates, next the centre gate of the en-
closure, to the east of the Palace.
The entrance gate will be that to the south of the centre,
and that tier the exit to the north.
Her Majesty and his Royal Highness Prince Albert, ac-
companied by their Royal Highnesses the Princess Roy al and
the Princess Helena, honoured Sir Edwin Land eer, yester-
day morning, with a visit, at his residence St. John's Wood.
Her Majesty and his Royal Highness were attended by the
Hon. Miss Seymour, Colonel Buckley, and Lieut.-Col. the
Hon. Alexander Gordon.
The Queen, attended by the Hon. Miss Seymour and
Colonel Buckley, visited her Royal Highness the Duchess of
Gloucester, yesterday afternoon, at Gloucester House.
His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, attended by Mr.
Birch, took a carriage drive yesterday.
His Royal Highness Prince Albert, attended by Colonel
the Hon. Charles Grey, and Lieutenant-Colonel Hon. A.
Gordon, visited the Exhibition of Works of Art by the
students of the School of Design, at Marlborough House,
yesterday morning. In the afternoon his Royal Highness,
attended as before, inspected the Flaxman Gallery at the
London University, Gower-street.
His Royal Highness was received by Baron Goldsmid,
Charles Atkinson, Esq., W. Wyon, Esq., and several of the
Professors of the University.
The Queen and his Royal !highn Prince Albert in-
spected yesterday morning the two engravings by Mr.
Lewis (life size) of her Majesty and his Royal Highness
Prince Albert, from Winterhalter'a picture, which were
submitted by Mr. Moon.
His Royal Highness Prince Albert inspected yesterday
morning a portrait of his Royal Highness the late Duke of
Cambridge, by G. P. Green, Eeq. His Royal Highness also
inspected a statuette, by J. E. Jones, Esq., of his Grace the
Duke of Wellington.
Her Majesty and his Royal Highness Prince Albert, ac-
companied by their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales
and the Princess Royal, honoured the Royal Italian Opera
House with their presence last evening. The Royal suite
consisted of the Marchioness of Douro, Hon. Miss Seymour,
the Earl of Listowel, Colonel Buckley, and Lieutenant-
Colonel A. Gordon.
The Queen's private band attended after dinner, in Buck-
ingham Palace, On Monday evening, and played the follow-
ing pieces :
Overture, " Eduardo e Cristina " Rossini
Cavatina, " Schweitzer Familie" Weigl.
March, " Oberon " . Weber.
Adagio, &c., Polonaise Wittermana.
The Marchioness of Douro has relieved the Countess of
Desert in her duties as Lady in Waiting to the Queen.
A deputation from the Church of Scotland had an inter-
igiew with Lord John Russell yesterday, at his official resi-
4nee in Downing-street. The deputation consisted of the
Lev. Dr. Simpson, of Kirknewton ; Rev. Dr. Cook, of St.
Andrew's ; Professor Campbell Swineon ,Mr. John Gordon,
Air. Home Drummond, M.P., Mr. APNevill, M.P., Mr.
tprbes Mackenzie, M.P., Colonel Mure.
itl.P., Mr. Alex.
Srnollett. M.P., Hon. Francis Scott, M.P., Sir John Heron
ftexwell, Mr. Bonar, Mr. David Smith, and Mr. Blackburn,
of Killeen.
4.7 The Earl of Arundel and Surrey and Mr. Langdale had
en interview with Sir George Grey yesterday, at the Home-
94tice•
Mr. Charles Stevens had an interview with the Commis-
sioners of Railways yesterday, at the dice of the Board of
Trade, in the matter of the Bristol and Exeter Railway.
A deputation from Svdenham; Forest-hill, and Lewisham,
elyrespect of the amended Metropolitan Bill, 1851, had an
interview yesterday with Lord Seymour, at the office of her
eatejesty's Commissioners of Woods and Forests in Whitehall-
place. The deputation consisted of from Forest-hill—
Messrs. William Henry Whittell, Uriah Collyer, and Henry
gajor. From Sydenfian—Messra. Thomas Hunt, George
„Corbett, Henry Barrett, Joseph Shelbech, Thomas Beller,
Joseph Verey, Charles Pearson, Richard Ancock, George
-Ileetson, Jeremiah Barrett, William Snazel, and James
ereenvvood. From Lewisham—Henry Couchman, and Ben-
jolin parley- From Blyth Hill—Mr. Robert Espie.
Dr. Johnson and Mr. W. Duncan, of Edinburgh, had an
interview with Sir George Grey yesterday at the Home-
office.
tie The Oxford University Commission had a meeting yes-
eisarday, at the official residence of the First Lord of the Tree-
-Autry, in Downing-street. Present, the Bishop of Norwich,
"the Dean of Carlisle, the Master of Pembroke, the Rev. H.
-*,(3,. Liddell, J. L. Dampier, Esq., the Rev. Professor Powell,
tithe Rev. G. H. S. Johnson, and the Rev. A. P. Stanley,
e(Secretary).

overcast.
PLYMOUTH—Wind E., strong breeze—partially cloudy.
PORTSMOUTH—Wind N.E., gentle breeze—overcast.
Butearrces—Wind N.E., gentle breeze—rain.
llAwn:spas—Wind N.E., fresh breeze—partially cloudy'.
SouTinkxrrox—Wind N.E., strong breeze—cloudy.
FOLRESTONE—Wind N.E., gentle breeze—overcast.
TUNBRIDGE—Wind E., gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
BASINGSTOKE —Wind N.E., gentle breeze—overcast.
GREENWICH—Wind N.N.E., gentle breeze—partially
cloudy.
Swornox—Wind N.E., gentle breeze—overcast.
COLCHESTER—Wind N.W., hard wind—partially cloudy.
CAMBRIDGE—Wind N.E., strong breeze—partially cloudy.
RUGBY— Wind E., gentle breeze—overcast.
PETERBOROUGII—Wind N.E., strong breeze—partially

cloudy.
YARMOUTH—Wind N.E., hard wind—overcast.
HOLYHEAD—' ;' in d E., strong breeze—overcast.
LANCASTIR—Wind N.E., calm—partially cloudy.
DARLINGTON—Wind N., gentle breeze—overcast.
Bunwicx—Wind E., gentle breeze—overcast.
The returns from the following places indicate the state of
Cie wind and weather on Monday morning at nine
o'clock :
L IMMUCIC—Wind S., gentle breeze—cloudless.
CA LOW W ind N.E., gentle breeze—cloudy.
lILLINGAR W ind S. W., gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
LEIGHTON—Wind N.E., gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
IioLynEAD--Wind N.W., gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
LEEDS—Wind S.E., gentle breeze— partially cloudy.
DARLINGTON—Wind S., gentle breeze partially cloudy,
WHITEHAVIN —Wind S.. gentle breeze—overcast.

At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean daily
reading of the barometer was above 3u inches on Monday
and Tuesday. The mean of the week was 29 907 inches.
The mean temperature was 43°.5, which is about the
average of the same week in ten years. The mean
daily temperature varied little durinc, the week, but it fell to
39°.5 on Saturday, which is 5 blow the average. The
direction of the wind varied from south-west and west to
north daring the first four days, and was chiefly north-east
during the remainder.

the human as they do of the higher order of domestic
animals; when men, wom'n, and children who, in
thousands of instances. are worse lodged. worse fed. and
worse tre,ited than the horses of the ricA in their
stables, or the beasts of the Zoological Gardens in their
dens, are, for the first time, anxiously and efcie•.tlr/
cured for; when the spurious, the rotten philanthropy
above hinted at, instead I,f pathetically lamenting the
moral depravity of the millions whom it has never seen,
will sat itself seriously to work to improve the temporal
condition of our own unhappy, too frequently degraded
and brutalised poor; when it shall study poor human
nature in detail instead of in the mass; go into the so-
called hsmses and neighbourhoods in which so many of our
fellow-creatures vegetate, like fungi, not live, like men;
it will be the agent in producing enormous, incalculably
beneficial results,—results that would be felt in the mi-
nutest and most intricate ramifications of the great
human family."
Results of this beneficial character we anticipate from
the Bill for leave to bring in which Lord ASHLEY
asked only yesterday, and we rejoice to think not un-
successfully. The introduction of that measure we
shall look for eagerly, and shall watch its progress
through both Houses with a solicitude that can know
no diminution.

With an occasional eccentricity Lord ASHLEY pos-
sesses a very large amount of benevolence. His
noble speech of last evening compensates for all those
efforts in aid of the Sabbatarians which had unfortu-
nately estranged many of his most ardent admirers
from this generous and large-hearted patrician. He
has vindicated anew his right to that popularity
which of all others is the most desirable, that of the
true and practical philanthropist. Lord ASHLEY 13
not one of your kid-gloved well-doers. He is not
contented with being a remote advocate of social im-
provement. His sympathy for those who are plunged
into habitual squalor and destitution is the sym-
pathy not of the Sadducee but of the Samaritan.
He is ready, and not only ready but eager, himself, to
pour in the oil and hind up the wound, to carry the
afflicted to a place of shelter, and to supply them
with the means of assuaging their distresses. While
men of a different character are susceptible enough to
weep over fictitious sorrows, he reserves the evidence
of his emotion for occasions when he can alleviate the
actual woes of the community and mitigate the an-
guish of poverty by the tenderest evidences of com-
miseration. Nothing but a sense of duty, prompted
by a staunch and elevated beneficence, could have
enabled the Noble Lord to enumerate the
facts with which he yesterday startled the
Legislature into attention, and, we had almost
said, horrified into acquiescence. Than the
details contained in Lord ASHLEY'S speech of last
evening we cannot imagine to ourselves any thing more
sickening or more calculat©d to fill the mind with
dismay at a spectacle of such supreme wretchedness.
That men, and women, and children should be
plunged into a condition so abject, that fellow-
creatures should exist in such habitual degradation,
that scenes like those depicted by Lord ASHLEY
should be of nightly recurrence in all the larger
towns of the United Kingdom, and especially in the
more populous quarters of this very metropo-
lis, in the midst of all the pomp of
fashion, all the wealth of commerce, and
all the luxuries of an almost effeminated civiliza-
tion, would be truths too horrible for belief but
that they are placed altogether beyond the reach of
contradiction. The ghastly woes endured by the
humbler classes prove, on inquiry, to be of a nature
such as might have caused even the soul of DANTE
to shudder at afflictions the like of which for intensity
had never entered the most sombre recesses of his

The only point decided by the division of Monday
evening is that the property and income-tax is not to
be relinquished as a source of revenue. Nothing has
yet been determined as to the duration of the impost
or its mode of assessment. These are points on
which the opinion of the House will unquestionably
be taken, and we trust that the results will be such
as the justice and expediency of the case demand.
The veteran JOSEPH Hulls has already given notice
that he will in Committee propose that the duty be
granted for a single year only, in order that
a Committee of Inquiry may be appointed in the
meantime, with a view to the removal of the
complaints and objections now made against its ine-
quality and injustice. We long since strongly re-
commended such a limitation, even under the most
favourable circumstances. Nothing would tend more
to strengthen and consolidate the power of the po-
pular branch of the Legislature than such a course.
According to the constitutional theory the represen-
tatives of the people should have the entire control
over the public purse, and no taxes should be levied
without their assent and approbation. It is necessary
that this legitimate and constitutional power should
be relinquished in the indirect taxation of the coun-
try. In all matters coming under the Customs
or Excise, the nature and amount of the tax must
be known with perfect certainty, or the merchant
will be deterred from iieporting and the manufac-
turer from producing. It is on direct imposts only
that the Commons House of Parliament can retain

imagination. Details of these aillictions were
furnished by the Noble Representative of
Bath in an abundance only too lamentably
conclusive. He related with impressive sim-
plicity the appearance presented by the cus-
tomary dwelling-places of the poor—those dens of
filth and misery, the mere description of which
is almost unendurably repulsive. Yet, in spite of
their loathsomeness, Lord ASHLEY has bad courage
himself to penetrate these pits of disease and infamy,
and the yet greater courage to speak of them in the
presence of the assembled gentlemen of England on
the floor of the Commons House of Parliament.

Among the many dismal revelations rondo in Lord
ASHLEY'S speech of last evening a few will be suffi-
cient to illustrate the necessity of introducing some
such Bill as the one demanded by that nobleman—a
Bill for encouraging the construction of lodging-
houses for the labouring population. " What," he
asked at the outset of these revelations, " must
be the condition of dwellings with 8, 10,
20, or 25 persons living in a single apartment ? "
What must be the condition of those persons them-
selves under the circumstances ? Remember that
these are very far indeed from being exceptional cases,
and that hundreds—alas ! thousands—of instances
may be adduced, where, in one room, more than 30
individuals are crowded together, sleeping upon rags
or straw, adults of both sexes, dogs, and children I
Imagine' the foulness of the atmosphere in those pest-
houses of London, those dens of all abomination !
Where can be the decency of people living after this
fashion ? Where that sweet and wholesome morality
i❑ which contentment is alone attainable ? Sickness
must, as it were by necessity, be engendered by so much
filth and confinement, by such a lamentable absence
of light and ventilation. More than this must be the
consequences of the system—the sickness of the mind
as well as of the body, the debasement of the intellect
as well as the stunting of the physical powers, the
propagation of disease in the soul as well as in its
earthly casket, must by necessity follow from this
execrable manner of existence. Following Lord
ASHLEY in his melancholy pilgrimage, we encounter
scenes of misery such as are scarcely conceivable
ammg a nation of Caribbees much less of Christians.
The wand of CIRCE seems to have been waved over
the roofs of the metropolis. The people seem to
have been transformed from human beings into

that salutary check over the Executive that is of
such vital importance to the welfare and prosperity
of the country, and which affords the most valuable
guarantee for the liberty of the subject. Nothing
would supply so powerful a motive to strict economy
as the knowledge that the amount of the income-tax
for the current year would depend on the vigilance
of Hon. Gentlemen in checking every species of ex-
travagance and preventing any unnecessary outlay
There would be a direct connexion between each vote
in Committee of Supply and the pockets of the
Members, that would speedily lead to important con-
sequences. We should not then see millions of
pounds sterling carelessly and recklessly voted in
thin Houses; without consideration or forethought.
A deathblow would be given to corruption and
jobbery of every description ; and we should no
longer see the stoppages in transitu, against which so
many complaints have been preferred, sanctioned or
tolerated. .

swine, their homes into styes, abounding in every-
thing that is despicable and villanous. One while
we glance into a room where fifty•eight fellow-
creatures are huddled together, indiscriminately.
Adults, both male and female, numbering, altogether,
twenty-seven, with thirty-one children, and a few
dogs, are lying about on the straw. It is scarcely
possible to breathe. We hear one who has entered
the appartment saying, " I have felt the vermin
dropping on my hat like peas." We listen
to him speaking of it afterwards, and saying, " I
dare not sit, or I should be at once covered." We
can believe another who has said of these pits of
horror that " missionaries are seized with vomitting
or fainting upon entering them." Further and further
we follow Lord ASHLEY in his very terrible narrative
of the condition of the working-classes. Our heart
almost fails us as we proceed, but taking example by
that noble nature which has gone before us, and has
ventured to fathom these depths of wretchedness, we
go on undeterred by the other wise overpowering
influences of disgust. The truth, grim and
gigantic, glares upon us out of the
accumulation of facts, and we are not
in any manner amazed when we hear Mr. Fox ac-
knowledging that education is idle to deal with woes
like these—woes that demand for their decrease the
direct interposition of the Legislature.
Already, as far back as 1843, we find in the Lancet
a letter written by a sanitary advocate, since then
distinguished by his brilliant efforts to prevent the
continuance of extramural interment, in which letter
the argument of Lord ASULET was even then very
significantly anticipated. " When children of a
larger growth," says Mr. GEORGE ALFRED WALSER,
in the communication here referred to—
" When children of a larger growth shall be fully
awakened to the conviction that in many localities dis-
ease is manufactured by wholesale,' to be treated by
retail;' when individuals or bodies of persons who,
blessed with the means to do good and the leisure to
execute, will, instead of crusading for the evangelisation
of transmariue heathen, attempt (and by the only sensible
and immediately practicable moans) to Christianise our
own; when they will take as much care of the breed of

It is not necessary, however, that the tax should
be renewed even for a single year in its present op-
pressive and unequal form. It might, perhaps,
be difficult to introduce a perfectly equitable
system under which every person should
contribute exactly in proportion to his means
and resources ; but that affords no sufficient
reason why an attempt should not be made at ap-
proximation thereto. It is manifest that there is a
wide distinction between estates in perpetuity and
estates for life or other limited interests. A man
whose income will die with himself must lay by a
considerable portion of his income, or insure his life as
a provision for his wife and children while the man
who has full power over his property can spend the
amount, whatever it may be, certain that the same
fund will be available for his family after his decease.
It might be difficult to assess the value of every
life estate separately, but an average might be struck,
and if two-thirds of the sum now chargeable on such
property were assessed for the future, it would re-
move the chief ground of complaint, and render sub-
stantial justice in the premises. We merely throw
this out as a temporary suggestion, for we are satisfied
that modes might, and would, be suggested before a
Committee which would make a still more equitable
apportionment of the burden.
But, as Mr. PEEL justly remarked, "if there was
a distinction between a life-income and a permanent
income, there was a still broader distinction between
either of those incomes and incomes which were held
on contingencies more precarious than life itself—
such contingencies as fortune, health, reputation, and

employment." It is indeed monstrous to class such
incomes, which cannot be depended on even for
a single year, with those which are certain
and permanent, which may improve, but which can
scarcely depreciate. The barrister or physician may
be unable to bear the toil and exertion necessary for
the exercise of his laborious profession ; there is a
wear and tear of intellect that must tell sooner or
later. He must take advantage of the favourable
season, to use the homely but expressive maxim, " to
make hay while the sun shines." It may be long
before his name becomes known, before his ability and
talents are appreciated. During that period ,he
may have necessarily contracted debts and
liabilities, not for purposes of extravagance, but
to maintain bis position and standing in society,
which, if once forfeited, would be fatal to his future
prospects. The fundholder would, under such cir-
cumstances, sell out a few hundreds or thousands, as
the case might be ; the landowner might mortgage
his acres or houses—neither would be subject to the
tax. The former would have no liability whatsoever,
and the latter would be allowed to deduct the
amount paid by him as a charge payable out of bis
property. But no such privilege is allowed to the
professional man. No allowance whatsoever would
be made by the collector, and he should pay the tax
upon money that had merely passed through his
hands, and which he could not venture to apply to
his own use. He must also look forward to the
time when his over-taxed powers may fail, or when
his popularity may cease. He must not only provide
for past debts, but for the helpless old age that is
creeping on. Practically he may not be justified in
applying the one-fourth part of his net earn-
ings to his annual expenditure, and yet he is
charged as if no change or alteration of cir •
curnstances were possible as if he were the
fortunate proprietor of a snug sum in the Three per
Cents., that would still be productive at all times and
seasons. Who is there that has not within his own ex-
perience known deserving individuals reduced from a
state of affluence, and the enjoyment of every comfort,
to misery and destitution ? It was our painful duty
to notice even within the present week a melancholy
instance of the kind—to speak of Mr. Sarno, the
eminent tenor, who once delighted the playgoers of
the metropolis and realised a handsome income by
his professional exertions, but who has for some
time been suffering under the most bitter privations,
and that without any fault or error on his own part.
Who is there who can think of such cases even for a
single moment, and not perceive the gross injustice
of the system which Sir CHARLES WOOD is so anxious
to perpetuate ?
The case of the merchant, manufacturer, or trader,
is scarcely better than that of the barrister or physi-
cian. One year he may be tolerably successful ; his
business may be flourishing, his debtors punctual ;
the next he may barely maintain his position with-
out any material loss or profit; while the third
he may have to draw largely on capital
to supply the deficiency occasioned by bad
debts and the bar.kruptcy of correspondents.
It is a htter mockery to demand from such a person,
who may be himself tottering on the verge of ruin,
the payment of a considerable sum for duty on an
income that has no real existence. But he must pay
it, or submit to an inquisitorial and prying scrutiny
into his affairs, such as he would have to en-
counter in going through the Gazette, with
the certainty that his difficulties will be
spoken of in the neighbourhood, and his
I credit, perhaps, materially damaged; and eyen

RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE.
T•—We learn that there
Tees RAILNTAY SUAIE MARI-E •
;.=has been within the last ten days an unprecedented number
of sales of railway stock,
chiefly tensed by the heavy " con-
tinuations." Thu dealers,tand, say that the effect
of thu we underss will be to reduce the amount of the " continuations"
at the neweekx, t account.
"3'
,• next and conseuently to raise ice sares.
, which takes place in the middle of
TfiE ICON is OF SCOTLAND RAILWAYthe
pr.
Thlsof railh way, the
* construction of which is to be commenced immediately, will
• be an extension of the Aberdeen line, a distance of 53 miles,
'bringing a continuous railway communication from London
to within 60 miles of Inverness, the metropolis of the High"
lands of Scotland.
BRIGIITON RAILWAY.—.We understand that the directors
of the London, Brighton, and South Ceast Railway have in-
. strutted their secretary to make application to the Commis-
sioners of Customs for permission for the wharf at Deptford
belonging to the company to be made a sufferance-wharf, in
order to entitle it to the privilege of having goods landed
thereat, on importation from foreign parts

We, hear that the elder brother of the Bishop
Oxford was received into the Church of nome a few days--
since. and that Archdeacon Manning, the brother-in-law,,
f
the Bishop, "professed," and was admitted into the Rom
ammunion, at the Jesuits' Church in Farm-street, on sulk la;
last; and on thg same day, and at the same place, was
admitted Mr. James It. Hope, Q C.—Heruid.
The election for Governor and Deputy-Governor'
took place at the Bank of England yesterday, when the re-
commendation of the directors was adopted by the selection
of Mr. Thompson Hanker, jun., and Mr. J. G. Hubbard to
fill the respective appointments.
FUNERAL 07 MR. RUSEITON.--LIVERPOOL, TUES-
DAy.—Mr. Rushton, late stipendiary magistrate of Liverpool,
was interred in the Cemetery, Duke-street, this morning.
No funeral has excited the same interest since the death of
Mr. Huskisson, near to whose remains the lamented magis-
trate reposes. All the magistrates of the borough, member
• of the council, and, indeed, the elite of the town were present,
anxious to pay respect to the memory of one whom all
classes loved and honoured. There ware upwards of fifty
private carriages in the procession.

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, APRIL 9, 1861,

then he may not obtain redress, for he will have to
abide the decision of prejudiced judges, whose judg-
ments cannot be appealed from, and who are prepired
to give the benefit of any dotin. to tho Exchequ-r.
Once more, then, we emphatically call upon the
people to bestir themselves while there is yet Elm, to
prevent this monstrous inju-tice from being porpe-
tuated, and so deep a disgrace from being inflicted
on the British name.

Railway-N.

Aberdeen •. •- ••
Ambergate, Nottingham,
Boston, & E. Juncion
Belfast and County Down
liirmin ~ Wolverhamp.,
and Stoic Valley •
Birkenh., Lan., & Chesh
_ _

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.

June., late 331. 6s. Bd..
Do. Chest. & Birkenhd.,
50/. & 251. Consolidated
Do., do., 201. • . .. • •
Bristol and Exeter • • •
Caledonian • • • • • •
Chester and Holyhead ..
Direct Lond. and Portsm.
Dublin and Belfast Junet.
Dublin and Kingstown..
Dundalk and Enniskillen
East Anglian (251. L. &
E. and L. & D.) • • ••
Do, (liil. E. & II.)
Eastern Counties ..
Eastern Union, class A,
late E. U. shares • •
Do. do. do. ..
Do. do., B & C shares
East Lancashire • • • •
Do. New quarters • •
Edinburgh ant Glasgow
Edin., Perth, and Dundee
Do. Newport .. • •
Exeter and Exmouth ..
Glasgow and South-West,
Do. do. G. D. & C stock
Great Northern • • • •
Do. halves, A, deferred
Do. halves, B, 6 per ct.
Great Southern and
Western, Ireland • •
Great Western .. • •

CITY. TWO O'CLOCK.

The sales of Cotton at Liverpool yesterday were only 2,500
bales, with a heavy market. The sales comprised 2,000
American, 200 Egyptian at 73/4d. to 10d., and 300 Surat at
sd. to 5 t,4,41. per lb.—Railway Shares were quiet.
In the Colonial Market rather an increased business has
been doing in Coffee, but many doubt whether the altera-
tions of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, in the duties, will
materially add to the consumption, while adulteration goes
unprohibited.
The West Indian and Mexican mail is still due.
From Amsterdam, under date of the 7th instant, it is
stated that the Funds generally were without any particular
change. Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents. brought 57'A.
The information received from Madrid as to the progress
of the debate upon the Debt is somewhat discouraging, and
it is positively lamentable to observe the disregard of public
faith manifested by some of the speakers, Senor Castro, for ex-
ample. If such should prove to be the sentiments of a majority
of the Committee, degraded indeed, say we, must be the state
of feeling in Spain, and small the hope of justice to its
foreign creditors. We cling, however, the unfavourable an-
tecedents notwithstanding, to the hope that the Ministry
will be sufficiently strong to carry its project ; for, confisca-
tory as it is in reality, it is yet as good, probably as can ever
be obtained from such a country, or more properly from its
ambitious and avaricious statesmen, always more intent
upon their personal interest than upon the public weal.
The English Funds have been very firm, but compara-
tively dull. The dividends are now in course of payment.
Consols have been 963/4 ie for Transfer, and 96% to 97 for
May. The New Three- nd-a. Quarter per Cents have
been at 97% 3/4, and the Three per Cent. Annuities at 96 to
1,11„. Bank Stock has been at 21114 to 212. Exchequer-bills
have been quoted 545. to 555., and India Bonds 625. to 645.
premium.
In the Foreign Market the transactions have been very
limited in extent. Spanish Bonds are merely nominal. The
Five per Cents. 203/4 to 21, and the Three per Cents. 39%
to 40. Mexican Stock has been at 33,4 to 33/ ; Peru-
vian Four-and-a-Halt per Cents., without the dividend, are
Brazilian Stock for the Account, and ex-Dividend,
have been quoted 88% to 89. Russian Bonds have been
at 111, and Dutch Four per Cents. at 89:‘i to t97ti, without
the dividend.

Do. New, 17/ ..
Lancaster and Carlisle .
Do. thirds • • • • •

Lancaster and Prestos ..
Lancashire and Yorkshire
Do. quarter shares ..
Do. fifths .. • • •
Do. West Riding Union,
Leeds and Thirsk • • • •
Liverpool, Crosby, and
Southport ..

London and Blackwell ..
Do., Tilbury Ext. Scrip
London, Brighton, and
South Coast .. ..
London and N.-Western
Do. do. new quarters
Do. fifths
Do. 10/. sh., M.& 13 (c)
London and S.-Western .
Do. new 50/.
Do. new 40/. ..
Londonderry & Coleraine
De. halt shares ..
Londonderry and Ennis-
Manchester, Buxton, and
Matlock ..
Manchester, Sheffield, &
Lincolnshire ..
Do. Manchester and
Lincoln Union ..

Railway Shares have been neglected, and rule at lower
rates generally. North-Western have receded to 1263/4,
North Stafford to 104'3, South-Eastern to 26%, South
Wales to 34, and others in proportion, except the foreign
share 3, which are firm. _ _

Consola ...
Ditto Account

QUARTER TO THREi,e
... ... ... 961 1

ONE CLOSING
PRICES OF BRITISLI FUNDS O'CLOCK. PRICES.
[link stock ...
par Cent. Reduced Anns.
3 per Cent. Consols Annuities... 963 967'a
iew 34 per Cent. Anne 97%34 973/1 ex d.
Gong Anne. to expire Jan.lB6o •7l 7 5-16 7% cx d
India Stock 2621/2
I viia Bonds, 1,000/.....
ionsols for Account 9634% 9634
'chequer Bills. No. ea 2d
1,0001. June .... 55 54 p
5001. June
Small. June 5B 54 p
ONE
PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS. O'CLOCK.
-azilian Bonds...
Ditto, Account
Equador Bonds
M lxican, 5 per Cent. 1846, with Coupons—
Ditto, Ex Jan. Coupons .....
Acccunt
Peruvian Bonds. 41-Az per Cent —
Ditto, Account 8414
Ditto Deferred ..... 381, 39
Russian Bonds

Midland • • • • • • •
Do. consolidated pref.
Do. 501. shares •.
.•

Do. Birming & Derby

Midland Gt. West. (Ire,
Newcastle and Carlisle.
De. quarter shares .

Newmarket • • • • ..
Newport, Abergavenny,

and Hereford

raid.

54 p
54 p
54 p
CLOSINi4
PRICES.

89 ex cl.

3:31,

13 14 0

Newry and Enniskillen ..
Newry, Warrenpoint, ffi

Rostrevor • • ..
Norfolk • • .•

Do. New 201. shares • •
Northern Counties Union
North British . • • • • •

:forth Staffordshire

North-Western

North& Sth.-West.June.
Oxford, Worcester and

Wolverhampton..
Scottish Central ..
Scottish Midland ..

De. new. . .. ..
Snrewsbary 8b Binning.

841,4 ex d
39

1 0
100

8 G 8

5854
983/4

Dittc, 414 per Cent
Ditto, Small
S ,arilAti 5 per Cont. 1840 —
Ditto, Account
Ditto, Passive —
Ditto. 3 per Cent.
Ditto. Account
Dividends on the above payable in London.
Dutch 212 per Cent.. 12 Guild.
Ditto 4 per Cent. Certificates 895,a, 89 74 _ex d.

COURSE OF
inasterdam .......... 11
Ditto, three months.. 11 163
ottcrdain .......... 11 17
tntwerp ........ 25 223¢
ftrussels • . • • 25 22%
Elamburgh • •M•B. 13 734
Alton
Paris, 3 days'sight 25 2%
Ditto, 3 months .... 25 22%
Marseilles • • •• •• •• 25 23
80urde1ux......... .
Frankfort on Mains.... 11936
lerlin.. •• • • • •
Vienna, effec. fio ••• • • • 13 18
Trieste, ditto.... • • .... 13 20
Petcrsburgh,Sll. Tiblo.• 37
Madrid • • •••• ........ 5036
Cadiz • • • .... • • .•
3arceloma .•............
5evi11a...............-

39 ,;,'8

13 4
47%
100

1 6 3
14

100
42

25

4 2 0
100
100

100
47%
100

Clas 3 A.. • .
Do. Class 13.. .. • •
,hrews. & Hereford., Old
Do., do., New • .
Shrewsbury and Chester
(Nor. W. Min.) ••
Do. Halves .. . • • •
Do. Oswestry • • . •
Do. New.. .. .. • •
Shropshire Union • • • •
Do., A, B, C, & D, fully
paid up at per cent ••
South Devon

south- Eastern .. • •
South Wales.. .. • •
South Yorksh. and River

and Goole,

South Divisio•
Stockton and Hartlepool
Swansea & Loughor,

raw Vale Extension ..
Thames Haven Deck and
Railway .. • •
Vale of N eath

Waterford and Kilkenny

Waterford and Limerick,
Waterford, Wex., Wick.
and Dublin
West Cornwall ..
West London ..
Whitenayen and Furness
York, Newcastle, & Ber-
wick .. • •
Ditto and Newcastle
Extension .. .

Ditto G.N.E. purchase)

or preferenco

York and North Midland

THE SHARE MARKETS

lIEZTISEI ItAXLIVAYS.

Nowiasd hues.

14% to 15

3% 3U, dia.

10% - 11►,(

81 -83
133 i - 13%

- 25

.. ..
20 —IS di..

4;zis —5%
3 —3%
7% ”i

N -6%

4% -4%
1614 - 16%
"' -44
34 -36
7%- 8

M - 34

17% - 17%
5% - 6
12 - 12%

42 - 43

b 64 —B7
2% —2% Cs.
78 —B2
8 —lO p.
29 —Bi p
58 —59

LOM 9 d.
7 6yy ills,
6 d.
17 —IS

14:
,44rr"5,3,etthe fIP
- '•'• • ' •
'.;_j • •N • '••
—7. 4
• • ..tzt, ' 7.
" • a u .