The Sun.
London, England, 1856-05-01 00:00:00

occupation of the Romau States, should be recorded in the
Protocol.
The first Plenipotentiary of Sardinia states that the
ocupation of the Roman States by the Austrian trunlie
asaumes every day more of a 'permanent character ; that it
has lasted seven years, and that, nevertheless, no
indication appears which would lead to the our
position that it will cease at a more or
leas early period ; that the causes which gave rise to it are
still in existence; that the state of the country which they
occupy is, assuredly, not improved, and that in order to bo
satisfied of this, it is enough to remark that Austria con-
siders herself obliged to maintain, in its utmost severitY,
the state of siege at Bologna, although it dates from the
occupation itself. He observes that the presence of the
Austrian troops in the Legations and in the Duchy of
i
Parma, destroys the balance of power in Italy, and
constitutes a real danger for Sardinia. The Pon'
potentiaries of Sardinia., he says,
deem it, there-
fore, a dut to oint out to the attention of Euroe a state
of things soy abnormal as that which results from the inde-
finite occupation ofia great part of Italy by Austrian troops.
As regards the qfiestion of Naples, Count Cavonr share!
entirely the opinions expressed by Count Walewski and
the Earl of Clarendon, and he conceives that it is in ,the
highest degree important to suggest modifications which
by appeasing passions, would render less difficult the regu-
lar progress of affairs in the other States of the Peninsula-
Baron Hubner, on his part, says that the first Pleeipo-
tentiary of Sardinia has spoken only of the .Austrians N
patio°, and kept silence in regard to that of France ; O
nevertheless the two occupations took place at the same
time and with the same object; that it aas impossible to
admit the argument drawn by Count Cavour, from the
permanency of the state of siege at Bologna ; that if
,°,ll_,
exceptional state of things is still necessary in that 011'7.,
while it has long since ceased at Rome and Ancona, tul'
appears at the utmost to prove that the dispositions of the
people of Rome and of Ancona are more satisfactory than
those of the city of Bologna. He remarks that in Italy. it
is not only the Roman States which are occupied by foreign
troops ; that the Communes of Menton and of Rog
forming part of the Principality of Monaco, have been f,_or
the last eight years occupied by Sardinia, and that tue
only difference which exists between the two occupsti°ll.B
uebruue•
is, that the Austrians and the French were invited by she
Sovereign of the country, while the Sardinian troops Or
tered the territory of the Prince of Monaco contrary to log
wishes, and maintain themselves therein, notwithstanding
the remonstrances of the Sovereign of the country. t,
In reply to Baron Hubner, Count Cavour says that be
is desirous that the French occupation should cease "
r-
well as the Austrian, but that he cannot help uooside
ing the one as being far more dangerous than the other foci
the independent S ates of Italy. He adds, that a seta
corps d'armee, at a great distance from France, is mensal's
for no one; whereas it is very alarming to see Austria
resting on Ferrara and on Placentia, the fortifications Of
which she is enlarging, contrary to the spirit if not to the
letter of the Treaties of Vienna, and extending herself
along the Adriatic as far as Ancona.
As for Monaco, Count Cavour declares that Sardinia le
ready to withdraw the fifty men who occupy Menton,
the Prince is in a condition to return to the country with-
out exposing himself to the most serious dangers. Bold"'
lie does not consider that Sardinia can he accused of her"
ing contributed to the overthrow of the ancient Govern:
mont, in order to occupy those States, since the PAX:IOOW
not been able to maintain his authority in the single WO,
of Monaco, which Sardinia occupied in 1848, in virtue
the Treaties.
Baron Brunnow thinks it is his duty to point out a Per
titular circumstance, that the occupation of Grte o
by the allied troops took place during the war, „d
that relations being happily re-established betvre!..
the three Protecting Courts, the time is arrived I°o`f
coming to an understanding as to the memo ~a
reverting to a situation in conformity with the coral%
interest. He gives the assurance that the Plenipotentiarrily
of Russia have received with satisfaction, and will e.agetol
trauma to their Government, the intentions marolr esa of
in this respect by the Plenipotentiaries of France al.e-ct
Great Britain, and that Russia, with a conservative object
an with a view to ameliorate the state of thingsexist'
in Greece, will readily join in every measure which 133"
the
i
appear calculated to effect the purpose contemplated n
foundation of the Hellenic Kingdom. take
The Plenipotenti +ries of Russia add, that they :11 t°
the orders of their Court upon the proposal submitted
the
Co unt Congress relati to maritie law.
Walewski ve
congratulates himself on having induct!
the Plenipotentiaries to interchange their ideas on ted
questions which have been discussed. He had etiPP°6to
that might have been possible, perhaps with advantage, of
express themselves in a more complete manner on some n.
the subjects which have fined the attention of the "-Of
gross. "But such as it is," he says, "the interchange -
ideas which has taken place is not without advantage.
The first Plenipotentiary of France states that the resat
of it is, in effect : • uslY
1. That no one has contested the necessity of earl° •
deliberating as to the means for improving the eittiatic6
of Greece, and that the three protecting Courts have reel;
nised the importance of corning to an understanding ow°
themselves in this respect.
2. That the Plenipotentiaries of Austria have accede:4,n
the wish expressed by the Plenipotentiaries of France d
the evacuation of the Pontifical States by the. French it.
Austrian troops, as soon as it can be effected without P',l„
j udice to the tranquillity of the country and to the cotton"
dation of the authority of the Holy Bee. riot
3. That the greater part of the Plenipotentiaries have „
questioned the good effect which would result from niel`.
sures of clemency, opportunely adopted by the Gard
merits of the Italian Peninsula, and especially by that
the Two Sicilies.
4. That all the Plenipotentiaries, and even those whtohnen;:
sidered themselves bound to reserve the principle of
berty of the press, have not hesitated loudly to conderoi
the excesses in which the Belgian -newspapers indulge
with impunity, by recognising the necessity of retool'
ing the inconvenices which is so greatly abusued 13°
glum. I
That, finally, the reception given by all the Plenipoten*
tiaries to the idea of closing their labour. by a declaration
of principles in the matter of maritime law must give rev
son to hope that at the next sitting they will have re'
ceived from their respective Governments authority tto sn
Act which, while completing the work of Congress of Paris,
would effect an improvement worthy of our epoch. '
(The signatures follow.)