The Sun.
London, England, 1851-08-28 00:00:00

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LONDON. THURSDAY, AUGUST 28 1851

As bad been for some time past anticipated by all
persons who have been in the habit of paying atten-
tion to the affairs of our Indian empire, the anarchi-
cal state of the dominions of the NIZAM, and his in
ability, or rather unwillingness, to make any arrange-
ment for the payment of the debt. due to the East
India Company, have compelled the GOVERNOR-
GENERAL to have recourse to coercion, in order to
secure the liquidation of the just claims of the British
Government. A letter, couched in very de-
cided language, and setting forth the causes
of complaint which the British Government
had against the NIZAM, was addressed to
that Prince by the Marquis of DALHOUSIE.
In that letter the Noble Marquis represents to his
Highness the large debt due from his Highness to
the British Government, a debt which his Highness
was annually increasing without adopting any ar-
rangements for its liquidation, and the necessity for
contracting which bad been originally occasioned by
his wasteful, extravagant, and unnecessary expendi-
ture in maintaining a large and useless body of troops,
whose turbulence was a source of danger and, miscty
to his subjects, and the maintenance .'
which was at best superfluous, seeing that
his dominions were entirely free from : thi
danger of invasion, inasmuch 'as they ar4
surrounded "as by a rampart" by the 'dominions of
the British. The GOVERNOR-GENERAL then pro-
ceeds to recommend that these troops, who; Ste his but
in name, and who plunder his people andsinsult hit
servants, should be at once disbanded, aiid'eiery as-
sistance is proffered to his Highness to carry this
recommendation into effect; tie., appointment as
Minister of some intelligent person capable of re-
storing order both in the State and the‘ .finances is
recommended, and with regard to the debt and
the contingent the GOVERNOR-GENERAL declares
that there remains but one resource to secure
their liquidation, and that is to take territory,
which the British Government has determined to do

unless the money be paid. Some of the Indian
news writers express their regret at the strong language

in which this letter is couched ; we confess we do
not share in their sentiments. The NIZAM has solely

by his own unbounded extravagance brought the
greatest misery upon his subjects—he has pillaged
them for years in order to fill his own private
coffers—he is immensely rich, whilst they are starv-
ing, and the result shows that be was all
along perfectly able to liquidate his debt to

the British from his own private resources.
It is not to such a man as this► tbat any leniency
should bE3 shown ; it is true we are by treaty bound
to protect him against foreign aggression and againsr
domestic insurrection, but we are equally bound in this,

as well as in every other similar instance, to protect
the subjects of these Princes from injustice, tyranny,
and oppression ; and while on the one hand we gua-
rantee to the Prince his throne as against insurgents,
we on the other guarantee to his subjects that we
will never permit him to give them just causes for
rising in insurrection. Immediately on the receipt or
this letter the Ntz al appointed as Dewan Suns.r-ooL-

MOOLK, who had be en formerly a Minister, and
during whose Ministry the state of the NIZAM
'5
dominions had been most prosperous. On the ap-
pointment of this Minister his first act was to enter
into negotiations with the British Resident, for the
purpose of gaining time, as the GOVERNOR• GENERAL
had given orders that if the money were not
paid by the 15th July certain districts of
the I\llzAm's dominions were to be at once
entered on by the British troops. The
Britiuh Resident having faith in the honesty and the
abilities of the new Minister, granted him an exten-
sion of time, and he at once proceeded to make ar-
rangements for meeting the demands of the GOVERNOR-
GENERAL ; the disruption of these arrangements was,
we are informed by the Hyderabad correspondent of
the Bombay Telegraph, "momentarily threatened

through the pigheadedness of the Nizasi. He threw
obstructions innumerable in the path of his Minister;
bis caprices and vacillations occasioned the withdrawal
of coefidence and of credit in the money market, se-
riously injuring the measures the Minister bad in
contemplation for the accomplishment of that
great one which was to liberate his master
from the pressure of that incubus which
would, ere long, have destroyed his vitality.
It was only on the 15th that the NizAta doggedly re-
fused a sum of about twenty lacs to his Minister, to
complete the latter'a promise of the early payment of
forty lacs. His powers of persuasion, or modus
operandi of working on his fears, must have been
very extraordinary, for on the 16th he waited on the
Resident with a document, amply authenticated by
his master, pledging himself to the immediate pay-
ment of twenty-two lacs, thus completing forty, and
with the hopeful prospect of liquidating the whole
debt before the end of October next. Then the
great difficulty to be obviated will be the regular
future payment of the contingent. For this purpose
the Minister has appropriated districts, the revenues
of which yield thirty-six lacs per annum, with which
his master has promised not to interfere, much
less to divert." The arrangements thus en-
tered into cannot be regarded as finally completed
until they shall have received the confirmation
of the GOVERNOR-GENERAL but whether they receive
that confirmation or not, one thing is abundantly evi-
dent, that the plea of inability so frequently put in by
the Nizard
debt, is non-payment of his
, as an excuse for the e
mere groundless pretext, for we find that
when close pressed he finds the money.
Another correspondent of the same paper, who
writes from Hyderabad on the 19th of July, says—
" I hear that Captain DAVIDSON, the Assistant-Resi-
dent, says forty lacs of rupees have been already paid
by the .N IZ AU, and the balance will certainly be paid
by the end of October. The money is to come partly
from the contributions of the Nizeses wealthy
A meers and subjects, and partly from his own coffers.
General FRASER seems now to be quite happy. The
country for a time is saved, and its future salvation
depends on the, degree of proper interference, here-
after tying up the NizAnes hands and insisting upon
extensive retrenchment."

The Ntz.tat has shown himself not only incompe-
tent, but dishonest, and therefore we trust that hence-
forth there will be no hesitation in exercising such a
control over him as shall prevent him from plunder.
iog and tyrannizing over his subjects. In one respect,
and in one respect only, could we have wished that
the conduct of the Marquis of DALHousiE had been
different. Ia all such cases as this of the NIZAM the
true policy is to take possession of the whole of the
dominions of the defaulter, rather than a portion
74: enT-7 _2?
' it or.en.riTrtg

to law, their " lives and properties" are safe, but
the state of the provinces which remain under the do-
minion of the Prince is rendered infinitely w ,orse•
Unable or unwilling to curtail his expense I, the
Prince collects an equal amount of revenue fair a a di-
minished area, and thus the sufferings of his -u.nfortu-
nate subjects are greatly increased. It can. never be
too often repeated, that it is as much our bounden
duty, as protectors of a native state, to prob set the in-
habitants from the oppression of the Princes, as it is
to protect the Princes from an insurrection, of the
inhabitants, and therefore in all cases like this of the
NIZAM, in which an annexation of territory may be
thought necessary, the invariable rule should
or none.

It was our pleasing duty, not long since, to direct
the attention of our readers to the banquet given by
the authorities of Derby to Mr. PAXTON, and we
have now, with a like feeling of gratification, to re-
cord a similar honour paid to another of our emi-
nent scientific countrymen, Mr. ROBERT STEPHEN-
sox. Few men, if any, at the present day are more
worthy of a marked tribute of esteem and respect
than that distinguished engineer, who has so honour-
ably earned his high position among the notabilities
a the age. The Menai Suspension-bridge has long
been one of the " lions " of the British Isles, but
the erection of its marvellous neighbour is a far more
extraordinary specimen of engineering genius. The
tubular iron bridge is, perhaps, the most as-
, tonisbing production of human skill with which
we are acquainted, immortalising the name of ROBERT
STEPHENSON in the annals of civilization. Not that
he was undistinguished previously in the world of
practical science, for he had long been favourably
known in connexion with his eminent father ever
since the earliest efforts of that energetically-minded
man to adapt steam locomotion to railways. The seed
sown by the elder STEPHENE,ON has borne a glorious
fruit. It was his unwearying perseverance, his clear-
headed determination, which reduced into practical
operation that union of power and speed, the deve-
lopment of which, although now an object of daily
familiarity to millions, was some twenty years
ago regarded as all but visionary. He lived,
however, to see his prognostications trium-
phantly verified in a revolution in the means and
rapidity of transit which fully carried out the con-
ceptions of his prescient ingenuity. And it is no flat-
tery to the son to say that he has fully inherited the
vigour and lucidity of intellect of the sire.

It must have indeed been a proud day for ROBERT
STEPHENSON when the completion of his gigantic
task was solemnly celebrated. No felicitatious of a
coterie—no glorifications of a political party—no lau-
dations of a religious sect—but a gathering, represen-
tative of a universal spirit of honourable homage to a
master-mind, did him due honour. The neighbour-
ing nobility and gentry were, of course, the most
numerous on the occasion, but guests were as-
sembled from various parts, among whom we
find the distinguished name of JOSEPH PAXTON.
The guest of the evening spoke modestly of
:,the great work he had completed, hastening to share the
~,palm of merit with a friendly and valued assistants
whose' excellent work was well known in all quarters
Where engineering skill could be appreciated."
``We have received no detailed report of the speeches
4 •
m
aiiie, by the several orators at the banquet, but they
roust needs have been, on such occasion, inspired by
a, congenial tone, where the workman and the work
*eve. so commanding in their worth. The most
cotoSral task ever presented to modern engineer was
succ!Ssfully achieved in their immediate neighbour-
hood, and the man to whom that triumph of science
was due sat there, their honoured guest. The active
participators in the tribute cannot but have expo.
rienced sentiments of generous exultation at being
the organs of that applause and reverence of merit
which inspires every rational man of the community
on the consummation of the unparalleled labours of
the Prince of Engineers.

A somewhat detailed account of the difficulties
necessary to be overcome, and the application of
successful agencies to the completion of the Britannia
Tabular Bridge, will be found in another part of our
impression, subjoined to a brief account of the ban-
quet at Bangor yesterday evening. We shall not,
therefore, enter here into a consideration of the works
which have now been happily completed ; but we
would sot quit the subject of Mr. ROBIN?
STEPHENSON'S deserved triumph without adverting
to a matter which has been very appropriately
brought upon the tapis by a morning contemporary.
GEORGE STEPHENSON died in August, 1848, and in
about eighteen months afterwards a committee was
appointed, at the annual meeting of the Mechanical
Engineers of Birmingham, to take measures to pay
some lasting tribute to his memory. Mr. GLYN was
requested by the committee to become treasurer to
the subscribed funds, and in December, 1850, the
printed list presented subscriptions to the 08011 GS
STEPHENSON Memorial" to the amount of 2,0001.
The list, we are informed, embraces the names of
some of our most distinguished noblemen, men of
science, and capitalists ; but it also enumerates sub-
scribers of less amounts infinitely more interesting.
There is a subscription of 321. from " 116
clerks and workmen, employed by the Patent
Shaft Company, Wednesbury ; " one of 171
from " 317 overlookers and workmen, ,employed by
Mr. CARDIN, contractor on the London and North-
Western Railway ;" one of 11. 7s. from " forty-eight
ballast men on London and North- Western Rail-
way ;" one of 101 3s. 61 from "342 overlookers and
workmen employed by Mr. Balmer, contractor on
the Buckinghamshire Railway ;" one of 31. ss. from
" men on the North British Railway, Edinburgh ;"
and others of a similar description.
The matter since then seems, unaccountably, to
have dropped—unaccountably, because the name and
merits of the object of the proposed memorial are
still fresh in the minds of men, and there is no ix-.
istence either of feelings of envy on the part of scien-
tific men, or of conscious neglect of desert during
the lifetime of its possessor, ou the part of the public,
to intervene between the initiation and the carrying
out of the proposition. It is not that the distinguished
dead needs the blazoned marble or the sculptured
urn, for, as has well been said, " our railway system
is his monument," a monument more glorious
than the ever-during pile of Cuttors or the
towering shrine of WEaN. But we trust, for
the national Credit, that a great man shall not
be permitted to remain without the ♦isible
appreciation of national gratitude ; nor can there
be a more just and seasonable opportunity for re-
viving the prosecution of this scheme than at a ;mo-
ment when the .son and associate of its venerated'
object has brought to a conclusion an imperishable
memorial of hereditary genius and benefaction.

SAILORS' HOME IR PLY MO T H.—The first steps
have been taken for the formation of a sailor's home in Ply-
mouth, or Devonport, or both. During the recent official
visit of the Admiralty, at Devonport, the subject was talked
about, and the opinion of their Lordships on the propriety of
forming such an establishmen• taken. The Lords of the Ad.
miralty were severally I leased to express their approbation
of a proposal for a Sailors' Home; and, further, to promise
liberal subscripti,ns towards the funds for its erection and
establishment. The steward of the manor, E. St. Aubyn,
Eeq., has promised, on the part of the trustees of the manor,
a free site, most eligibly situated near St. Ai arl'a Church, in
James-street, and, also, near the Dockyard Gates. Subse-
quently a number of naval officers and gentlemen have, on
two occasions, met Captain Hall, R.N., who has visited this
port for the purpose of promoting this most excellent ob-
ject, to arrange upon the course to be taken, and some ex-
tremely liberal offers of money have been made. It is,
therefore, expected, that the Home will be forthwith de-
cided upon ; and that in the lapse of a week or two it will
be in the course of erection.

GREAT NORTHERN.-With the view to prevent ac-
cidents in the tunnels on this line, it appears that under.
ground telegraphs are now being laid through the several
tunnels on this railway, so as to enable the man stationed at
one end to communicate with the man at the other end, when
a train goes in or comes out of the tunnel. It is intended
that no second train shall be allowed, under any circum-
stances, to enter a tunnel until a communication is made that
the first train has passed out. On Saturday, at the Welwyn
tunnel, one of Mr. Henley's magneto-electric instruments,
which are to be used, was connected at each end, and the first
trial on this line was made by the patentee and Mr. Hitchins
in the presence of some of the railway officials, and Mr. Dob-
son, from Mr. Cnbitt's, the engineer. The trial was re-
ported as most satisfactory. The great features in Mr. Hen-
ley's instrument are stated to be that no battery is required,
no attention necessary to keep it in working order, and that
its action is always certain.

Lord and Lady Brougham are still at Brougham
Hall, where it is understood his Lordship will remain over
the ensuing winter. His Lordship keeps little or no corn-
Pally, but there is an apparent improvement in his health.
SIR GEORGR GREY.—The Right Hon. Baronet,
accompanied by his lady and son, arrived at Dundee on
Friday forenoon by the Lightning Government steamer,
which left Hull on Wednesday evening They left early on
Monday morning. The Right lion. aronet's sole purpose,
we learn; is an excursion for the benefit of his healtb, which
has greatly improved since he went on board the Lightning.
At present he intends coasting as far as Orkney, whence it
0.11:7 t 3 rcz-P5••• •

THE FRENCH REPUBLIk.:,

We have received the Paris journals of yesterday.
The National has the following on the subject of
the trials at Lyons :
"For ayear the royalist journals have been exhaust-
ing all the forms of appeal to terror with respect to
the Lyons plot. Society, it was said, had escaped
from an immense peril;, a formidable conspiracy,
embracing all France, had been discovered ; but,
thanks to the vigilance of all Bonapartist agents,
that gigantic enterprise had failed, and the chiefs,
who were about to give the signal for combat,
had been arrested at the moment when they were
preparing to give the signal for action. For a year
the democratic press never ceased an instant to call
for the trial of the prisoners, in order that the country
misfit be enlightened as to the truth of this secret
agitation, no detail of which had transpired amongst
the populations, so terribly menaced. At last, after
the accused had been dragged from prison to prison
for twelvemonths, after having been brought 50, nay
100, leagues to Lyons; after a great number were
set at liberty as innocent, 38 persons were brought
before an exceptional court, and of that number the
greatest part were strangers to the city of Lyons, and
even to tne department of the Rhone itself. From
the very beginning of the proceedings, that phantas-
magoria of plot, of insurrection, pillage, and incen-
diarism—that red spectre, called into existence to
terrify timid minds, vanished before the light of dis-
cussion. We do not speak here in the interest of the
accused • they are assisted by defenders who have no
need of our support. Bst we affirm, after
having examined the documents, that all these
rumours of civil war existed only in some diseased
imaginations. Undoubtedly the testimony given has
proved one thing—that amongst the rural populations
there exists considerable agitation; the menaces of the
royalist press against the Republic, the uoconstitu
tional designs attributed by imprudent friends to M.
BONAPARTB, the dismissal of Republican function-
aries, the dissolution of national guards, the impunity
of the royalist proceedings, all the rumours of attacks
on the Constitution, had deeply moved the country.
So, without there being any need of conspiracies, or
illicit associations, a spontaneous sentiment of resist-
ance to all counter revolutionary projects had seized
on men's minds. But, as to plots or illegal machi-
nations, or to those plans of anti•social organization,
with which the royalist press has filled its columns,
all that has disappeared when proofs were called for."
Several of the Councile.General have passed re-
solutions in favour of a revision of the Constitution.

The animosity between. the Bunspartists and the
Orleanists is every day increasing in intensity. The
Constitutionnel publishes • vehement and bitter attack
on the Orleanists.

The last drawing of the Lyons Lottery took place
on Monday. The great prize, of a service of plate,
valued at 100.0001, has been gained by No. 658,302.
The second prize, .a statue o NAPOLEON, in silver,
valued at 25,0001., has fallen to No. 690 809 ; and
the third prize, a diamond necklecv, valued at
10,000 f., has been gained by No. 893 300.
The decline in the price of Goveroment Stock made
further progress at the opening of the Ilium. A re-
action, however, took place towards the close of busi-
ness, and the Five per Cents., which opened at 94f.
90c., and fell to 941; 70c., closed at 95f for the
end of the month; the Three per Cents. closed at
56f. 80a.; Orleans Railroad Shares, 890 f ; Rouen,
6011. 250.; 11avre, 237 f. 50c.; Great Northern, 4631.
75c.; 4vignon, 2051.; Vierzon,43lf. 25c.; Basle, 150 r.;
Bordeaux, 391 f. 25c.; Pavia and Strasburg, 358 f. 75c.;
Tuurs and Nantes, 270 f.; Amiens to Boulogne,
2681. 76c.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, AUG. 27.

Boulogne and Amiens, 10 IA East Indian 1834—Northern
of France, 1434—Paris and Strasbourg, 11 —Rouen and
Havre, 9 %,—Sambre and Meuse,3.

SPAIN.
Madrid journals of the 22d have arrived.
Their contents are unimportant.

MADRID BOLA/4 AUG. 22 —The Three per Cents
were done at 36k for time; the Four per Cents. at
151; the Five per Cents. at 171; the Debt without
Interest at 69.10; and the Coupons at Bk.