The Sun.
London, England, 1834-02-01 00:00:00

Extract of a letter from Madrid, dated the 17th ink :
" It is certain that the Great Powers have complained to
England and France of the late incursions of the Spanish
troops into Portugal, and that the British Cabinet has
delivered to sure a note protesting against their being
renewed under any pretence, and declaring that his
Britannic Mijesty would consider. any future violation of
the Portuguese territory by a Spanish army as an act of
aggre-sion against Great Britain, in consequence of the
union Which exists between that nation and Portugal,
founded on ancient treaties. -This has had an ill effect at
the Court of Spain." No intelligence has-been received
.from Madrid subsequent to toe 17th.' At that time the
population of the capital was full of enthusiasm at the ac.
cession of M. Martinez de la Rosa to the Ministry.
The Sentinelle des Pyrenees of Bayonne of the 25th
inst., says—" Our correspondence from Spain is to-day
without interest ; the eyes of all seem fixed an the liheral
manifestations of Catalonia, and the first acts of the new
Nlinistry are looked for
,with much anxiety. The Carlists
•
themselves are quiet, perhaps making preparations. The
couriers still meet with the same difficulties and delays.
During the short time the Carlists occupied the iron-
works of Orbaiceta, they succeeded, it is said, in carrying
off 1,000 muskets and two pieces of cannon. Z:vala
recently appeared before Bilboa, without any attempt hav-
ing been made to alarm him. The Brigadier Pastor was
lately at Onata with his followers; be has returned to
Aspeytia, where the insurgents were inclined to rally.
An engagement took place last Tuesday at Ochandiano.
The struggle lasted four hours, but its result is not known ;
we are assured, however, that the Royal troops, to the
number of 200 or 250 men, retreated before a superior
force as far as Villa Real de Alava. By all we hear from
Valencia, there is a prospect that public tranquillity will
not be again disturbed in that province."
The Suabian Mercury gives the following, under date
of Luxemburg, Jan. 20 :—" We are looking anxiously
for the final settlement of the differences between Holland
and Belgium, so far at least as it will determine the lot
of our country, the position of which becomes daily more
and more intolerable. It is true that on this point there
are many opposite opiiiions, put these are less according to
tbe difference in the classes of society than in the age of
the parties supporting these opinions ; almost all the
young men wish for a union with Belgium, while the
greater number of the older men are Orangeis!s. Un-
h ippily, these political differences frequently disturb the
peace of families, and the schisms thus produced become
aggravated by the procrastination of a settlement."

Extract of a letter of the 15th inst. from Ancona :
" A Greek merchantman arrived here yesterday and brought
two of the Ministerial Gazettes of that kingdom, and se-
veral numbers of a new journal called the Sun. In the
Gazettes we find two decrees, one nominating M. C.
Ciore ambassador extraordin ay to the Court of Russia ;
he was to embark on his mission as early as possible, and
was expected to come by this port; the ,other appoints a
Greek consul-g,neral at Trieste. In the course of the last
month the guillotine was for the first time used in Greece;
it was brought into action upon a Neapolitan, who had
been convicted of murdering a gendarme. No Greek
could be found to undertike the office of executioner,which
was performed by a Turkish renegado. Greece is perfectly
quiet in every part."
The 'Freisnatige (Free Speaker) of Zurich has the fol-
lowing :—" In the sitting of the Cantonal Council on
the 13th inst., the proposition of M. Snell, that the
Council should join with the States in effecting a reform
in the church, was adopted by a majority of 125 to 22.
The plan of Lucerne as to the Citholic conference is to
endeavour to succeed in carrying the following points :-
1. That the diocese of St. Gall be united to that of Basle.
2. That the Nunciature of Lucerne should no longer be
allowed to interfere in the ecclesiastical affairs of Swit-
zerland. 3. That there should be granted to the bishop-
ric of Basle a new national constitution. 4. That the
' communications between the Bishops of Switzerland and
the Pope should be carried on by an Archbishop, to be
created for the purpose. 5. That more positive rules
should be laid down as to the interference and power of
the civil authorities in the affairs of the church."

The Moniteur gives the following comparative table of
the number, weight, and value of the packages of French
merchandise declared for export at the Custom-house of
Paris, from 1828 to 1882 inclusive :

Value
Years. Number Weight. Declared.
K il. Francs.
1828 94,066 8,223,670 66,0)2,457
1829 94,294 8,662,541 64,737,731
1830 87,3 9 8,3'17,513 64,231,168
1831
183"
1833 114.116 10,414,160 95,247,37

(From the Times.)

PARIS, JANUARY 28.—1 t is too true, that for ante
days past the superior regions have been darkened by a
mass of stormy clouds. During 48 hours our Ministry
has been on the point, at least, of modification.
The Duke de Broglie's compulsory retraction of the
approbation so enthusiastically and unqualifiedly expressed
by him of M. Bignon's statement in the debste on the
address—the dismissal of the Spanish Minister Z,ta, which
will probably render the recall of the Count de Rayneval,
our Ambassador at Madrid, necessary—but more parti-
cularly the nomination of 11 members of the Opposition
on the committee of 36 for the budget, and the manifest
discontent of the Deputies at the expenses of the War
Department,—all these circumstances must have occasioned
warm discussions in the Cabinet, and doubtless induced
the Duke of Dalmatia to tender his resignation, rather
than abandon, even fur a moment, as he was advised, his
project of an army of reserve. Another incident has just
occurred, which has had the effect of carrying these em-
barrassments to the highest possible point. The Minister
proposed M. Wier, a regent of the Bank of France, as
president of the committee on the budget. M. Passy was
preferred to the ministerial candidate.
M. Passy is a much. respected individual, very strict
and rigid in his conduct, and belongs rather to the tiers
purti than to that party which is designated by the ap•
pellation of doctrinuire. M. Passy is, however, a rea'
friend of the dynasty.

While these elements of disunion and dissolution were
fermenting within the Cabinet the ambitious were not
iitle without. The accession of the tiers parti to power
might prove, in the course of events, a stepp;og-store to
that section of the opposition which has not desJarcd itse:f
anti dynasties But from this tiers parti, of which M.
Dupin, President of the Chamber, is regarded as the head,
and the Constitutionnel newspaper as the organ, and to
which MM. Odillon Barrot, Mauguin, Laffitte, Coulman,
Sze., belong, has proceeded the too famous compte rends
—the intended or accidental manifesto of the revolt of the
sth and 6th of June. This compte rends is like a spectre
armed with a blazing gauntlet—for ever scaring front
power those by whom it has been raised. A new expe-
dient has been hit upon with the view of makin:,
this unlucky spirit disappear. The compte rends,
say the journals of the opposition non-republican,
is an awkward business, an error, a blunder. It ought
to be forgotten. All of good that it possessed is
confirrned,—all of evil that belonged to it is moiified be
the adoption of the address in reply to the speech from
the throne. The compte rends tenders its right hand to
Louis Philip, its Itfc band tl the tiers parti ; it desires
peace and alliance, but it rejects the Dactiinaires, qui fce•
nuns Went in corms. The Crown, continue these jour-
nals, ought to consider itself fortunate in finding friends in
orators and statesmen like MM. 0 lillon Barrot, M tuguio,
and company ; and it would be no trifling advantage if,
by a schism much to be desired, the King should see the
Gamier Pages, the Cabets, the Argensons, and the Audi.)
de Puyraveaus left in a completely isolated position.
The Cabinet easly sees through these tactics, and to
bat& them they need only join cordially together. Tl,is
is precisely what they have dine. It appears that the
illustrious Marshal has consented to the postponement of
his project of the army of reserve, and things will be so
arranged as to make this session pa-s off very solo :thly
and quietly. It is said that his Royal Highness ti e
Duke of Orleans has greatly contributed to this
re-adjustment of affairs, and that he has had persona:
communications with the President of the Council
on the subject. The change of a thinistry in the
course of a session is a very etnbatrassi ,g
:tuly dangerous matter. Besides, this tiers parti tom.
to me to be a creation almost chimerical, or at lean:

a perfectly ineongruoue conception. Would it have
M. Dupin octt; y tiro seet of President of the Council ?
Without Joule M. Dupin ie a roan of rare talent, but it
must be confessed that no place is so well suited to him re
the Speaker's chair. His rough, determined, and absolute
character, would render him incapable of submitting to
modifications which discussions in the Cabinet so uf:en •
render necessary. Let M Dupie's situation be as high as
you please, could his relations with diplomacy be attended
with a happy result? Would he not be met by feelings
of political and aristocratical repugnance? It cannot be
denied that foreion Powers would more readily treat with
the warrior, whom his sword has made noble and a lorious,
than with lawyers, who, in consequence of prejudiceo,
unjust though doubtless they he, are regarded in an in-
f, rior light. Would M. Bignon be proposed to succeed
the Duke de Broglie? However well-qualified M.
Bignon might be in other times for the post which Le
covets, still it may be questioned whether lie is fit fur it
in the present state of offairs, and whether there might
not be well-founded obstacles to allowing the defender
of the cruse of Poland and the friend of Fergusson
to have a share in the Government. After those I have
just mentioned, whose names are the most prominent in
the tiers parti? M. Etienne, 111. Viennet, both of them
men of talent, and distinguished literary characters. But
on what particular duty could they be employed ? Sup-
pose the Department of Public Instruction were committed
to the superintendence of M. Etienne; this is the only
post compatible with his previous habits; but be n
was a roan of business, and in the Department of Public
Instruction the practical duties are at lease quite as im-
portant as the speculative. I fear that the witty author
of the Deux Gendres of Jacon•le, and of a hundred other
pretty dramatic productions, would not exhibit, in his
new situation, the necessary aptitude and activity. M.
Viennet, poet to the Chamber as well as to the Academy,
is not distinguished for application. He is too enthusi-
astic, and gives way too touch to his passions. Durette
is a brave citizen, and worthy of great esteem. Repu-
diating the Doctrinaires of Guizot and de Broglie'. class,
he must neeesrearily join with the Doetrinoiree of the compte
rendu, who, if their colleagues of the tiers parti quarrel
with them, will soon find themselves obliged to unite, if
they desire to form a Cabinet, with the Republicans ; and
in that case the Chamber must either he immediately (I.s.
solved, or the monarchy will be in danger.
This tiers parti is an emanation of folly. TLe rata
who compose it, and the Doctrinaires—since Doctrinaires
there are—must form a fusion—a coalition against the
Thad inventions of the Republican party; while that section
of the Opposition which goes by the name of the dynastic
will remain in the background, and as opportunity pre-
sents itself will, in consideration of the guarantees they
offer, introduce at intervals some of their own party to
the secondary regions of power.
How can M. ( tdilion Barrot act in conjunction with
Dupin—M. Meuguin with M. Bignon ? How can the
public or public credit he reconciled to the nomination of
these two celebrated advocates as Ministers ? flow could
the secret societies be crushed by placing at the head of
affairs the former leaders of those societies? If they con-
tinue under the influence of the societies, they must second
the movement against the throne of Louis Philip ! and if
they come to an open rupture with the clubs, the press
Sill write these deserters down—n ill completely over-
throw them, and forced to quit place, they will be stu-
pidly supported by some for a short time, but eternally re-
pudiated by all the rest of the world. Could trey who
have preached propagandism, and desired to see the tree-
ties of 1815 torn to pieces--could these men demand the
maintenance of peace ? Will they inspire confidence
in Europe—they who think it one of tire first duties of
the Government of July to extend our frontiers to tire
Rhine and the Alps ? Finally, can these men, who have
talked so much of the programme of the Hotel de Ville
and of the monarchy with republican institutions, prevail
on the merchants, the manufacturers, and the capitalists
to employ their money in the prosecution of commerce, in
the operations of industry, or in the advancement of great
enterprises? No ! M. Wilton Barrot and his friends are
doomed, by the force of circumstances, to play the part of
Oppositionists; and it is not impossible for them to earn
a great deal of fame in this p ith. There is still room
enough for others to distinguish themselves in the fields
which the Foxes, the Sheridans, the Foys, and the Girar-
dins occupied. M. Odillon Barrot and his friends would
be, with reference to the embryo and still precocious Re-
public, the Ministers for the first fortnight; they would
afterwards b- sacrificed by the Republic, as the Girondist.'
were by the Mountain.
Under these circumstances, the tactics of parties are
postponed until after the elections, which will take place
in October next.
Iu acknowledging that the public men who are styled
Doctrinaires possess a great deal of talent, knowledge,
eloquence, and an undeniable aptitude for government, I
cannot help regretting that they are too exclusive. They
will not allow that any capacity exists out of their little
sect, and according to them power is their private domain.
This conceit has made them many enemies ; it has .been
too plainly exhibited, and other people, who think them-
selves as much entitled to an opiaion of their own as
these Doctrinaires, are highly offended at it.
Yesterday's sitting at the Chamber of Deputies was
extremely interesting. I recommend you to peruse this
details of the proceedings, for Lafayette took occ orlon to
defend the cause of the refugees. I listened to him with
great attention. He still looks well, and it would be
difficult to find a man of 77 with a more fresh and healthy
aspect—a milder or more agreeable set of features. But
he is no more the same orator, nor have his expressions
that readiness and grace which used, only two years ago,
to characterize them.
The afflicting episode to this sitting was, however,
the incomprehensible requisition addressed by one Lana-
bit, a military man, to the Minister of War. You will
see that it related to the removal of two officers of ma-
rines into the land force, and to the insubordination of
certain sub-lieutenants of artillery, who thereupon made
a great clamour about the violation of their rights, and
addressed to the Minister petitions teeming with insolence,
The majority of the Chamber, by a formal vote, treated
this impropriety as it deserved. The discipline of tho
army would have been at an end, if the madness of the
excited parties had obtained its deplorable triumph.
Read, I request you, the derails of this sitting. You will
there see that a refugee named Wolfrumm is represented
by the Republican, M. Gamier Pages, as a patriotic and
persecuted merchant, whose affairs are in a state of de-
rangement ; when, behold, up stands 111. d'Areout,
with document in hand, proves this interesting patriot to
be a Jesuit—nay, a Jesuitical emissary, who, through the
mot d'ordre, Ignatius Loyola arid Capet, has been inio
tiated into the mysterious councils of that society.
Whilst these events were proceeding at the Petals Bour-
bon, the Court of Cessation was employed in rejecting tho
appeal of the seditious advocates, who were interdicted
from practising for the space of a year by tire Paris Cour
d'Assises ; and the latter court in its turn was busied io
condemning M. Fouc.slt, the editor of the Gazette da
France, to three months' imprisonment and a fine of
11,000 f.
You will thus perceire that the time at least has not yet
arrived for the sway of either the Republic or that of
Henry V., and that Messrs. Cabet and de Chateaubriand
have their trouble for their pains.
In Spain Martinez de la Rosa at present occupies tie tertae
ground of the political scene. I knew him well, and
entertain for him a merited esteem, for he is a mart
of true probity and of a clear and capacious mind.
I have frequently heard him express sentiments on
revolution., which be appreciated as they ought to
be appreciated, and, more enlightened titan his com-
patriots, he hesitated not to avow the errors which had
rendered so unfortunate their efforts for political re-
generation. The independence of the nation thoroughly cor-
roborated, was a joyous circumstance for the Spaniaos,
but the Cortes, who began to organize the state, troffer an
impression distrustful of power, ruined the superstructure
at the very moment of its creation.
Ferdinand VII., like our Louis XVI., was inclined to
regard as attacks upon his rights and privileges all at-
tempts at Übsral improvement. There is now a better
chance of accomplishing these improvements, since a
contract is about to be made with a new dynasty, in which
contract the rights and conditions of its existence will be
specified ; but great alterations cannot possibly he. effected
but through the medium of the power which emeirrteo
exclusively from her. Martinez de Is Rosa is a distin-
guished man of letters. A play of his entitled Alien
Humeya, or the Moors under Philip IL, has boen par-
formed at one of our theatres.
Europe would be wrong to entertain any prejudice
against this Minister. Sire is immediately interested, it
appears to one, in supporting and corroborating him in his
power, for his must be the hand which is to motel and
guile the iositutions desired by Spain—to be a second
Casimir Perier, whose firmness and judgment must marl:
the limits to which the revolution should extend.
I cannot close my letter without reverting to our do-
mestic affairs. You have doubtless remarked the projet
de loi respecting the hawking of political writings Mean
the streets, and the consequent proceedings' against M.
Cabet. This measure of the Ministry is very significant.
ft declares that they have rallied themselves and (fete, mined
to hold their places. It it is, besides, another effect—it
',envoys a reply to the Al ichiavelisin of the violeet parties,
teirl:ethproreate narsi
ttionereexpererscetn,tiuntheo.
hadtt:sesentotimtelinetsspoecallinfralont.