The Sun.
London, England, 1856-04-29 00:00:00

VAN DIEMEN'S LAND.

90;
90
45
39i

Hobart-town journals to February 9 are loud
in, deucuncing the conduct of Sir Young

THE PEACE.

GENERAL TREATY

BETWEEN
Her Majesty, the Emperor of Austria, the Emperor of the
French, the King of Prussia, the Emperor of Russia, the
King of Sardinia, and the Sultan.
SIGNED Ai 'JAM'S, MARCII 30, 1856.

RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT PARIS, APRIL, 27, 185 G

n the name of Almighty God.
Their Majesties the Queen of the Ueited Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Emperor of the French, the Emperor
of all the Russias, the King of Sardinia, and the Emperor of
the Ottomans, animated by the desire of putting an end to
the calamities of war, and wishing to prevent th return of
the complications which occasioned it, resolved to come to
an understanding with his Majesty the Emperor of Austria
as to the bases on which peace might be re-established and
consolidated, by securing, through effectual and reciprocal
guarantees, the independence and integrity of the Ottoman
Empire.
For this purpose their said Majesties named as their Pio-
nipotentiaries, that is to say :
Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and' Ireland, the Right Hon. George William Frede-
rick Earl of Clarendon, Baron Hyde of Hindon, a Peer of the
United Kingdom, a•Member of her Britannic Majesty's Most
Hon. Privy Council, Knight of the Most Noble Order of the
Garter, Knight ' Grand Cross of the Most Hon. Order of the
Bath, her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for Foreign
Affairs; and the Right Hon. Henry Richard Charles Baron
Cowley, a Peer of the United Kingdom, a Member of her
Majesty's Most Hon. Privy Council, Knight Grand Cross of
the Most Hon. Order of the Bath, her Majesty's Ambassador
Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to his Majesty the Em-
peror of the French • '
His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, the dieur Charles
Ferdinand Count of Buel-Schauenstein, Grand Cross of the
Imperial Order of Leopold of Austria, and Knight of the
Order of the Iron Crown of the first class, Grand Cross of
the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour, Knight of the
Orders of the Black. Eagle and of the Red Eagle of Prussia,
Grand Cross of the Imperial Orders of Alexander Newski,
in diamonds, and of the White Eagle of Russia, Grand
Cross of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, decorated with
the Imperial Order of the Medjidie of the first class, &c., his
Chamberlain and actual Privy Councillor, his Minister of the
House and of Foreign Affairs, President of the Conference of
Ministers ; and the Sieur Joseph Alexander Baron de Hubner,
Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Iron Crown, Grand ,1
Officer of the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour, his
actual Privy Councillor, and his Envoy Extraordinary and
Minister Plenipotentiary to the Court of France.
His Majesty the Emperor of the French, the Sieur Alex-
ander Count Colonna Walewski, a senator of the empire,
Grand Officer of the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour,
Knight Grand Cross of the Equestrian Order of the Seraphim,
Grand Cross of the Order of St. Maurice and St. Lazarus,
decorated with the Imperial Order of the Medjidie of the first
class, &c., &c., &c., his Minister and Secretary of State for
Foreign Affairs; and the Sieur Francis Adolphus Baron de
Bourqueney, Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Legion
of Honour and of the Order of Leopold of Austria, decorated
with the Portrait of the Sultan in diamonds, &c., &c., &e.,
his Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to his
Imperial and Royal Apostolic Majesty;
His Majesty the Emperor of all the Russian, the Sieur
Alexis ,Count Orloff, his Aide-de-Camp General and Gene-
ral of Cavalry, Commander of the Head-quarters of his
Majesty, a Member of the Council of the Empire and of the
Committee of Ministers, decorated with two Portraits in
diamonds of their Majesties the late Emperor Nicholas and
the Emperor Alexander 11., Knight of the Order of St.
Andrew in diamonds, and of the Orders of Russia, Grand
Cross of the OL der of St. Stephen of Austria of the first class,
of the Black Eagle of Prussia in diamonds, of the Annun-
ciation of Sardinia, and of several other foreign Orders ; and
the Sieur Philip, Baron de Brunnow, his Privy Councillor,
his Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the
Germanic Confederation and to the Grand Duke of Hesse,
Knight of the Orders of St. Wladimir of the first class, of St.
Alexander Newski enriched with diamonds, of the White
Eagle, of Saint Anne, Of the first class, of St. Stanislaus 'of
the first class, Grand Cross of the Order of the Red Eagle of
Prussia of the first class, Commander of the Order of St. Ste-
phen of Austria, and of several other foreign Orders :
His Majesty the King of Sardinia, the Sienreareilleßenso,
Count of Cavour, Grand Cross of the Order of St. Maurice
and St. Lazarus, Knight of the Order of Civil Merit of Savoy,
Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour,
decorated with the Imperial Order of the Medjidie of the first
class, Grand Cross of several other foreign Orders,. President
of the Council Of Ministers, and his 'Minister Secretary of
State for the Finances; and the Sieur Salvator Marquis de
Villa-Marina, Grand Cross of the Order of St. Maurice and
St. Lazarus, Grand Officer of the Imperial Order of the Le-
gion of Honour, &c., &c., &c his Envoy Extraordinary and
•
Minister Plenipotentiary to the Court of France ;
And his Majesty the Emperor of the Ottomans, Mouham-
med Emin Aali Paeha, Grand Vitier of the Ottoman Empire,
decorated with the Imperial Orders of the Medjidie and of
Merit of the first class; Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of
the Legion of Honour, of St. Stephen of Austria, of the Red
Eagle of Prussia, of. St. Anne of Russia, of St. Maurice and
St. Lazarus of ardinia, of the Polar Star of Sweden, and of
several other foreign Orders ; and Mehemmed Djemil Bey,
decorated with the Imperial Order of the Medjidie, of the
second class, and Grand Cross of the Order of St. Maurice and
St. Lazarus, his Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipoten-
tiary to his Majesty the Emperor of the French, accredited
in the same character to his Majesty the King of Sardini t.
Which Plenipotentiaries assembled in Congress at Paris.
An understanding having been happily established between
them, their Majesties the Queen of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Emperor of Austria, the Em-
peror of the French, the Emperor of all the Russias, the King
of Sardinia, and the Emperor of the • Ottomans, considering
that in the interest of Europe, his Majesty the King of Prussia,
a signing party to the Convention of the 13th July, 1841,
should be invited to participate in the new arrangements to
be adopted, andappreciating the value that the concurrence
of his said Majesty would add to a work of general pacifica-
tion, invited him to send Plenipotentiaries to the Congress.
In consequence, his Majesty the King of Prussia named as
his Plenipotentiaries, that is to say :
Tho Sieur Otho Theodore Baron de Manteuffel, President
of his Council, and his Minister for Foreign Affairs, Knight
of the Red Eagle of Prussia of the first class, with Oak-leaves,
Crown, and Sceptre, Grand Commander of the Order of
Hohenzollern, Knight of the Order of St. John of Prussia,
Grand Cross of the Order of St. Stephen of Hungary, Knight
of the Order of St. Alexander Newski, Grand Cross of the
Order of St. Maurice and St. Lazarus, and of the Order of the
Nichan-Iftihar of Turkey, &c., &c. ; and the Sicur Maxi-
milian Frederick Charles Francis Count of Hatzfeldt Wilden-
burg-Schoenstein, his Actual. Privy Councillor, his Envoy
Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Court of
France, Knight of the Order of the Red Eagle of Prussia of
the second class, with Oak leaves and Badge, Knight of the
Cross of Honour of Hohenzollern of the first class, &c., &e. Plenipotentiaries, after having exchanged their full
powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon the
following articles :

ARTICLE 1.
From the day of the exchange of the ratifications of the
present treaty, there shall be peace and friendship between
her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, his Majesty the Emperor of the French,
his Majesty the King of Sardinia, his Imperial Majesty the
Sultan, on the one part, and his Majesty the Emperor of all
the Russias, on the other part; as well as between their heirs
and successors, their respective dominions and sabjects, in
perpetuity.

ARTICLE 2.
Peace being happily reestablished between their said Ma-
jesties, the territories conquered or occupied by their armies
during the war shall be reciprocally evacuated.
Special arrangements shall regulate the mode of the evacu-
tion, which shall be as prompt as possible.

His Majesty the EmperorARTICLE of all the Russias engages to re-
store to his Majesty the Sultan the town and citadel cf Kars,
as well as the other parts of the Ottoman territory of which
the Russian troops are in possession.

ARTIaE 4.
Their Majesties the Queen of the United Kingdom of Circa,
Britain and Ireland, the Emperor of the French, the King of
Sardinia, aid the Sultan, engage to restore to his Majesty
the Emperor of all the Russias, thetowns and ports of Sebas-
topol, Balaklava, Kamiesh, Eupatoria., Kertch, Jenikale,
Kinbourn, as well as all other territories occupied by the
allied troops.

Aetz •.
'
Their Majesties the Queen rr
of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Emperor of the French, the Empe•
ror of all the Russias, the Kiug of Sardinia, and the Sultan,
grant a full and entire amnesty to those of heir subjects who
may have been compromised by, any participation whatso-
ever in the events of the war in favour of the cause of the
enemy.

It is expressly understood that such amnesty shall extend
to the subjects of each of the belligerent parties who may
have continued, during the war, to be employed in the ser-
vice of one of the other belligerents.

ARTICLE G.
Prisoners of war shall be immediately given up on either
side.

ARTICLE 7.

--------- • •
Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, his Majesty the Emperor of Austria,
his Majesty the Emperor of the French, his Majesty the King
of Prussia, his Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias, and
his Majesty the King of Sardinia, declare the Sublime Porte
admitted to participate in the advantages of the public law
and system (concert) of Europe. Their Majesties engage, each
on his part, to respect the independence and the territorial
integrity of the Ottoman Empire; guarantee in common the
strict observance of that engagement ; and will, in conse-
quence, consider any act tending to its violation as a question
of general interest.

ARTICLE 8.
If there should arise between the Sublime Porte and one
or more of the other signing Powers, any misunderstanding
which might endanger the maintenance of their relations, the
Sublime Porte, and each of such Powers, before having re-
course to the use of force, shall afford the other contracting
parties the opportunity of preventing such an extremity by
means of their mediation.

(ARTICLE 9.
His Imperial Majesty the Sultan having, in his constant
solicitude for the welfare "of his subjects, issued a firman
which, while ameliorating their condition without distinction
of religion or-of race, records his generous intentions towards
the Christian population of his empire, and wishing to give a
further proof of his sentiments in that respect, has resolved
to communicate to the contracting parties the said firman,
emanating spontaneously from his sovereign will.
The contracting Powers recognise the high value of this
communication. It is clearly understood that it cannot, in
any case, give to the said Powers the right to interfere, either
collectively or separately, in the relations of his Majesty the
Sultan with his subjects; nor in the internal alministration
of his empire.

ARTICLE 10.
The cow eution of the 13th of July, 1841, which maintains
the ancient rule of the Ottoman Empire relative to the closing
of the Strats of the Bosphorus and of the r)ardanelles, has
been revisid by common consent.
The act eoncluded for that purpose, and in conformity with
that Pz:43l. cipcle, /OtlYO9ll the WWI Matrotin rArti.oos i 4 ltind

fusing to give his consent to the Civil Service Pen-
sion Bill. The measure had been introduced by
the Government, and the Governoz's refusal to
pass the royal assent took every one by surprise.
The Legislative Council had been prorogued pre-
paratory to its final dissolution.
Mr. Wm. Brown, of Hobart Town, had offered
to construct an electric telegraph for Government
from Mount Lewis to Hobart Town, thence to
Launceston and George Town ; to complete the
whole in nine months from its being commenced,
at a cost of 16,0001. The project was under the
consideration of Government.

remains annexed to the present treaty, and shall have the
same force and validity as if it formed an integral part thereof,

ARTICLE 11.
The Black Sea is neutralised; its waters and its ports,
thrown open to the mercantile marine of every nation, are
formally and in perpetuity interdicted to the flag of war,
either of the Powers possessing its coasts, or of any other
Power, with the exceptions mentioned in Articles 14 and 19
of the present treaty.

ARTICLE 12.
Free from any impediment, the commerce fu the ports and
waters of the Black Sea shall be subject only to regulations
of health, customs, and police, framed in a spirit favourable
to the development of commercial transactions.
In order to afford to the commercial and maritime interests
of every nation the security which is desired, Russia and the
Sublime Porte will admit Consuls into their ports situated
upon the coast of the Black Sea, in conformity with the prin-
ciples of international law. " •

ARTICLE 13.
The Black Sea being neutralised according to the terms o
Article 11, the maintenance or establishment upon its coast
of military-maritime arsenals becomes alike unnecessary ane
purposeless; in consequence, his Majesty the Emperor of at.
the Russias, and his Imperial Majesty the Sultan, engage not
to establish or to maintain upon that coast any military.
maritime arsenal.

ARTICLE 14.
Their. Majesties the Emperor of all the Russias and the
Sultan having concluded a convention for the purpose of set-
tling the force and the number of light vessels, necessary for
the service of their coasts, which they reserve to themselves
to maintain in the Blaek Sea, that convention is annexed to
the present treaty, and shall have the same force and validity
as if it formed an integral part thereof. It cannot be either
annulled or modified without the assent of the Powers signing
the present treaty.

ARTICLE 15.
The Act of the Congress of Vienna having established the
principles intended to regulate the navigation of rivers which
separate or traverse different States, the contracting Powers
stipulate among themselves that those principles shall in fu-
ture be equally applied to the Danube and its mouths. They
declare that this arrangement henceforth forms a part of the
law of Europe, and take it under their guarantee.
The navigation of the Danube cannot be subjected to any
impediment or charge not expressly provided for by the sti-
pulations contained in the following Articles : in consequence
there shall not be levied any toll founded solely upon the fact
of the navigation of the river, nor any duty upon the goods
which may be on board of vessels. The regulations of police
and of quarantine to be established for the safety of the States
separated or traversed by that river, shall be so framed as to
facilitate, as much as possible, the passage of vessels. With
the exception of such regulations, no obstacle whatever shall
be opposed to free navigation.

ARTICLE 16.
With the view to carry out the arrangements of the pre-
ceding article, a commission,, in. .whiols, Great Britain, Aus-
tria, France, Prussia, 'Russia, Sardinia, and Turkey, shall
each be repiesinted by one delegate, shall be charged to de-
signate and to cause to be executed the works necessaryte-
low Isatcha, to clear the mouths of the Danube, as well es
the neighbouring parts of the sea, from the sands and other
impediments which obstruct them, in order to put that part
of the river and the said parts of the sea in the beat possible
state for navigation.
In order to cover the expenses of such works, as well as of
the establishments intended to secure and to facilitate the
navigation at the mouths of the Danube, fixed duties, of a
suitable rate, settled by the commission by a majority of votes,
may be levied, on the express condition that, in this respect
as in every other,. the flags of all nations shall be treated on
the footing of perfect equality.
ARTICLE 17.
A commission shall be established, and shall be composed
of delegates of Austria, Bavaria, the Sublime Porto, and
Wurtemberg (ono for each of those Powers), to whom shall he
added commissioners from the three Danubian Principalities,
whose nomination shall have been approved by the Porte.
This commission, which shall be permanent : 1. Shall prepare
regulations of navigation and river police ; 2. Shall remove
the impediments, of whatever nature they be, which still pre-
vent the application to the Danube of the arrangements of
the treaty of Vienna ; 3. Shall order and cause to be exe-
cuted the necessary works throughout the whole course of
the river; and 4, shall, after the dissolution of the European
Commission, see to maintaining the mouths of the Danube
and the neighbouring parts of the sea in a navigable state.

ARTICLE 18.

It is understood that the European Commission shall have
completed its task, and that the River Commission shall have
finished the works described in the preceding article, under
Nos. 1 and 2, within the period of two years. The signing
Powers assembled in Conference having been informed of Elia
&et, shall, after having placed it on record, pronounce the
dissolution of the European Commission, and from that time
the permanent River Co emission shall enjoy the same
powers as those with which the European Commission shall
have until then been invested.

ARTICLE 19.
In •rder to insure the execution of the regulations which
shall have been established by couamou agreement, in con-
formity with the principles above declared, each of the con-
tracting Powers shall have the rigltt to station, at, all times,
two light vessels at the mouths of the Danube.
ARTICLE 2 ).

In exchange for the towns, 1 orbs, and territories enume-
rated in Article 4 of the present treaty, and in order more
fully to secure the freedom of the navigation of the Danube,
his Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias consents to the
rectification of his frontier in Bessarabia.
The new frontier shall begin from. the Black Sea, one kilo-
metre to the east of the Lake Bourna Sola, shall run perpen-
diCularly to the AkerFaan road, shall follow that road to the
Val de Trojan, pass to the south of Bolgrad, ascend the
course of the river Yal,Puck to the Height of Saratsika, and
terminate at Katamori on the Pruth. Above that point the
old frontier between the two empires shall not undergo any
modification.
Delegates of the contracting Powers shall fix, in its details
the line of the new frontier. ,

ARTICLE 21.
The territory ceded by Russia shall be annexed to the Prin-
cipality of Moldavia under the suzerainty of the Sublime
Porte.

1 The inhabitants of that territory shall enjoy the rights and
privileges secured to the Principalities; and, during the
space of three years, they shall be permitted to transfer their
domicile elsewhere, dispo,ing freely of their property.
ARTICLE 22,.
The Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia shall con-
tinue to enjoy under the suzerainty of the Porto, and under
the guarantee of the contracting Powers, the privileges and
immunities of which they are in possession. No exclusive
protection shall be exercised over them by any of the guaran-
teeing Powers. There shal be no separate right of inter-
ference id their internal affairs.

ARTICLE 23.
The Sublime Porte engages to preserve to the said PrinCi-
palities an inclependenqand national administration, as wel
as full liberty of worship, of legislation, of commerce, and of
navigation.

The laws and statutes at present in force shall be revised.
In order to establish a complete agreement in regard to such
revision, a special commission, as to the composition of Which
the high contracting Powers will come to an understanding
among themselves, shall assemble, without delay, at Bucharest,
together with a commissioner of the Sublime Porte.
The business of this commission shall be to inves igate the
present state of the Principalities, and to propose bases for
their future organisation. ,

ARTICLE 24.
His 'Majesty the Sultan prop sea to convoke immediately in
each of the two provinces a drrsn ad hoc, composed in such a
manner as to represent most closely the interests of all classes
of society. These divans shall be called upon to express the
wishes of the people in regard to the definitive organisation
of the Principalities.
An instruction, from the Congress shall regulate th 3 rela-
tions between the commission and these divans.

ARTICLE. 2

Taking into consideration the opinion expressed by the two
divans, the commission shall transmit, without delay, to the

present sell of the Conferences the result of its own labonis.
The final agreement with the suzerain Power shall be re-
corded in' a convention to be concluded at Paris between the
high contracting parties ; and a hatti-sherif, in conformity
with the stipulations of the convention, shall constitute de-
finitively the organisation of these provinces, placed thence-
forward under the collective guarantee of all the signing
Powers.