The Sun.
London, England, 1856-07-10 00:00:00

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[PRICE 4D. STAMPED 5D •

politics, and the political prospects of-the two par-
ties have been reversed with nnnsual rapidity. The
election of an Abolitionist to the Speakership of the
Representatives, last winter, showed a portentous
change in the 'mind of that department of Congress;
and the condition of Kansas since, and latterly the,
countenance given, by the South to the assault ion
freedom of debate in the Senate, have stimulated
the Northern States, which have. all the real poWer
in their own hands, if they chooie to exert it, to
oppose a policy of insult and injury to other na-
tions, for the sake of getting more easily through
domestic difficulties. The Northern States appear
at present to intend to elect Colonel Fremont. For
some time it was, doubtful whether they wotld
prefer the now Speaker Beaks or Fremont ; but
their decision bn behalf of Fremont appears to be
wise, for the obvious reasons that ho has already
manifested his distinctive character, and has the
qualification of deeds achieved ; that he is a South-
ern bred, whereas Mr. Banks is from -Massachu-
setts ; and that his political convictions are not the
result of local influences, but of extensive travel,
observation, and experience. Mr. Banks's char 4c-
ter is high, axed his views thoroughly republica4 ;
but he is a comparatively unknown man, and may,
and no doubt will, be content to earn the further
political distinction which. may be in reserve for
him. One party has • nominated him, but it is a
small and clearly ephemeral party, and ir will no
doubt decline the nomination, and assistan Calorie]
Fremont's election. The_new -and remarkable
fervour manifested on this occasion is all the
more enjoyed on the spot for its decidedly
betokening a rise in public sentiment a
stronger courage and greater purity than for
many a long year. No doubt there will be
some disappointment hereafter to men who are se
sanguine as to expect that the election of an Anti-
Slavery President will restore the virtues and the
liberties of the Republic ; but the will aud resolu-
tion to try the experiment is a great advance upon
the practice of electing obscure and untried men,
for the purpose of shirking hard qUestions.
Not only is the stand taken by the Republican
party in the Fremont nomination higher than that
of any other considerable party, and therefore likely
to be more enduring, but there are other reasons for
its good promise; nbtquite so gratifying to the pride
of patriotisnie but not on that account to be con-
cealed by the true friends of American liberties.
President Pierce has so contrived against the
wishes and the commands of the South, as to throw
the inducements of expediency into the scale of right
just when the balaeice was trembling before the eyeis
of the North. He has so managed that the avowal
of an intention to restore the African slave trade,
and also of au exieting illicit traffic in African
slaves, is made by the South, just when an Eati=
grant Aid Society is fornied at the North for peoL
piing Kansas and Nebraska with free labourers,
for the sake of a new stock and mode of invest,
meat now, and of an extended trade hereafter;
He has so contrived as that the discontented
South is drawn into au annual confession of its
weakness and poverty in a Southern Cunventien,'
where planters condole with each other on
the prosperity of the North in such a style
as this : " As to New York City (we quote froni
the iiiehmond Enquirer), into whose lap the slave
States have poured the profits of their immense
trade without stint for half a century ; whom they
have trusted as their factor and steward, and al-
lowed to fleece them to satiety ; whom they have
enriched by their unstinted patronage, and made"
to grow great from the produce of their lands, and
from the sweat of their brows ; it is the old story
of Jeshurun waxing fat and kicking ; forsaking the
abenefactor that made him, and lightly esteeming
the rock of his salvation." President Pierce has
so contrived as that the conflict shall take place in,
Kansas, and at the expense of the proteges of the'
Emigrant Aid Society ; and thus he himself has in-
stituted such a balance in the interests of Northern
citizens as effectually separates them from himself
and from the South, whom he is provoking more
every day. President Pierce has so managed mat-
ters as to throw the whole fore of these citizens,
at the most critical moment., int.() the Re.publican
ranks ; and his soldiers, wearing United States
belts and badges, armed from the- federal arsenal,
and authenticated by Governor Shannon's procla-
mation; are burning the farmsteads and harrying
the stock of the emigrants, and trying to starve
out the proteges of the Northern merchants. Cer-
tain horrors of outrage which have driven the
women across the frontier, wherever they can find
refuge, have determined the attitude of the Free-
State Settlers. They have left their field§ and their
houses to ravage and destruction, and have
retired with their arms to the southern portion of
the territory, hoping to maintain themselves by the
wild game and fish till assistance can reach them
from their patrons in the old States. The United
States troops, Border Ruffians, and " mean-white"
marauders, are coopiug them up, hoping that the
fish and game will not suffice, and at the same time
threatening with their vengeance the forces—now
amounting to a considerable army—expected by
way of lowa and Nebraska. It is President Pierce
who has brought matters to this issue, which is sure
to end ill for him, however it may turn out for
true republicanism, its rights and duties.
Meantime, Pierce's nearest countrymen and
dearest foes are resolving to have Fremont in his
place. Colonel Fremont is a Carolinian by birth
and education, and married to a Southern lady ;
and yet he is, and has long been, a " freesoiler,"
as his advocacy of freed-soil doctrine in the case of
California showed. He was first known as a man
of science (a mathematician and surveyor). His
first public achievements were his survey of the
Mississippi Valley, and the maps he made for the
general government. Next he was known as the
scientific geographical explorer, through whom the
whole Pacific territory of the United States was
obtained. He is recognised as the most ad-
venturous of living travellers, and his having
survived the hardships of the wilderness and the
perils of Indian travel testifies to his physical and
moral strength. His remarkable power over the
wildest Indians seems to indicate his fitness for
rule ; and his emerging with all clearness from a
cloud of disgrace inflicted on him by rival and fac-

tious commanders is regarded in Alierica as a good
certificate of character. He is a known man, a
respected man, and a man likely to be anything
rather than a tool : and if any fear of warfare
should arise from his being a high-spirited soldier
in the vigour of his years (he is forty-three) it may
be remembered that military rulers are found in
practice less rash in going to war than civilians.
So we English are wont to say in regard to our
Indian empire. If the Americans are, once more,
to be governed by a man of eminence, it must be
by a soldier or sailor ; for if they had any states-
man of eminence, political parties would not permit
a successful choice. This feeling considered, it
seems that, as far as can yet be known, a better
choice could hardly be made than of Colonel John
Charles Fremont.

(Prom the Morning Herald of this day.)
The Saturday's half-holiday movement is de-
cidedly progressing. Yesterday evening a conver-
sazione was held at the National Club, and was
very numerously attended, the subject of discus-
sion being the best means of providing recreation
for the "labouring classes." To-day, Lord Stair.
ley, and this evening Lord R. Grosvenor, will
preside at public meetings to be held for the pur-
pose of promoting the adoption of a half-holiday
on Saturday. Tois is as it should be.
In a ;'ration so devoted to industry as the
English, andlrhere the progress of arts and manu-
factures 'exhibits an ever-onward accelerated ca-
reer, it becom
es a subject of the utmost interest
and impovtanc,) to inquire how legitimate relaxa-
tion may be• most effectually secured to the
labouring clasms. It is obvious the physical and
moral necessif.iies of the labourer require a certain
amount of relaxation.

How shall.;veCiet;imine its quality so as best to
suit the e:!tigencies of the case ?—how mete its
quantity a c as effectually to reconcile the well-
being of ti to labourer with the fair demands of the
employer' I These are grave questions, but ques-
tions whi eh press more imperiously for solution
year by • year our great commercial and manufac-
turing ci ties make rapid inroads on the green fields
of the el! mumjacent country.
We ft esly confess we regard with infinite satis-
faction a general revival of manly athletic games.
We f ~31 some of the exulting freshness and Joyous-
ness of youth when we recall our own feats at
foot! all. The playground rises in vivid perspec-
tive, we see again the eager, happy faces of noble
and dashing fellows with whom we struggled in
war on but generous rivalry ; how we loved the
!nor a sedate and less-impassioned cricket. But
wh" i recite the thousand and one games with which
Joy um youth developes and braces its inherent
sti ength for the subsequent struggles of life
11 dA. have joined them—all have loved them • ,-,11,
'a: 1 I recall with fond regret, that time when, in'to,i
c: ited with bounding joy and exuberant spirits,
we revelled in the manly sports of youth. Could
those, games be revived so as to be joined in by the
I great bulk and body of the people ? could they be
L seemed to the people of large cities? We think