The Sun.
London, England, 1856-10-06 00:00:00

LO"TPON, MONDNY, OCTOBER 6, 1856.

few railways that fulfil the anticipations of
their promoters. But here, as has been well
pointed out by the Morning Post, our production
for export purposes is more than seventy times as
much per square mile as that of itussia, while the
demands for internal consumption are iu a still
higher ratio. What, then, can be the prospects
for handsome dividends, apart from the Govern-
ment guarantee? That is 5 per cent. for a limited
time—the whole property at the end of 85 years
reverting to the State ; and French and English
clpitalists are nibbling at tie artfully-constructed
bait, although they may obtain nearly as large a

lividend in English trunk lines, which aro held
n perpotuiLy for the benefit of the shareholders.

heard the dreadful tale as it has been
told by the historic pen of Mr. RUSSELL,

of the Times, and as it has been since then sung by
the earnest voice of the Laureate TENNYSON ?
Lord CARDIGAN, as Major-General iu com-
mand of the Light Brigade, leading officers
and men into the Russian Battery, leading
them beyond it, until "the belted Earl"
came suddenly with his followers upon a large
force of Russian cavalry, and being in person
attacked simultaneously by two Cossacks, was
there and then slightly wounded and nearly dis-
mounted. After which, the remnant of the glo-
rious Light Brigade, the few survivors of that
valiant band (Lord CARDIGAN among them) re-
traced their terrible path, littered by the dead and
the dying, horse and man, and ploughed
up by the balls of the Russian artillery,
returning at a blown and jaded gallop along that
disastrous Valley of Balaklava.
Yet it is the man who actually led this charge,
who was wounded in it, who passed through the
whole of its dread perils, and who, in so doing,
looked at death face to face for " what you will,"
for honour, for glory, for his QuEE-N or his coun-
try, for a soldier's obedience, cif, what SIIAKS •
PERK has called with such magnificent scorn,
the bubble reputation—he it is who, ever since he
set foot again upon the soil of his native land, has
been the chosen target for every species of base
innuendo in the way of paltry and despicable
sneers of depreciation. Lord CARDIGAN, it has
been insinuated, rode fast ! Lord CARDIGAN never
leaped his horse across a gun carriage I Lord CAR-
DIGAN did this, and did not do that, and thus with
every spiteful comment and malicious insinuation
his name has been coupled with " the whispered
hint, the shrug, the hum ! the ha ! those petty
brands that calumny cloth use." The fact being
all the while that Lord CARDIGAN " wont through"
the Light Cavalry Charge—that ho was wounded
in it—and that having passed through its glory
and its dangers, he has earned, like every other
man in the Brigade, dead or ' living, from the
Private upwards, from the General down-
wards, the glorious fame (deserved by each
on that day, if ever man deserved it) of a Hero !
Honour to the brave Earl, then, say we—honour
to the gallant Soldier who led the Light Brigade
to Glory and Death down that fatal Valley of
Destruction. We, Ultra-Liberals, Radical Re-
formers, veritable Democrats, if you will, pay
this unstinted meed of our admiration to the
Valour of a Dauntless Gentleman—what though
he be, as JAMES BRUDENELL, Earl of Cardigan,
has long been (we might almost say notoriously)
an exaggerated Tory of the old school—a Tory
pur sang, a Tory of the blue blood, and
if any one peer of the realm may be so
designated, the haughtiest of haughty aristocrats.
But—sneers some malignant whisperer again--
Lord CARDIGAN, since his return to England, has
gone to public dinners in the very uniform he
wore during the Light Cavalry Charge at Ba-
laklava ! And has he not earned the right t
wear it—

But it is not merely the construction of the
railways in Russia, and the immense increase
of power thereby conferred on the AUTOCRAT that
is the worst phase of the transaction. There will
be a permanent drain of specie for many years to
come, and when we consider the present state of
the money market and the impending monetary
crisis, we may, as the Americans say, begin faintly
to "realise" the full extent of the mischief. The
CZAR is well aware that he is aiming a blow at
England in the tenderest point. There is already
a rapid drain of bullion. Notwithstanding the
discoveries in Australia and California, and the
immense produce of "the diggings," we cannot
hold our own. The precious metals are exported
more rapidly than they can be obtained. There
is already a perceptible alteration in the relative
values of gold and silver, and the smaller coinage,
so vitally important to the working, is becoming
more scanty every day. While France and
England are thus paying the piper, Russia is
accumulating vast quantities of bullion, which
she is far too sagacious to employ in her own do-
mestic affairs. The foreign shareholders provide
the funds in specie. The Russian labourers who
are to do the work will be paid in paper roubles,
the gold and silver being accumulated in the
Treasury. Austria also is hoarding up for a mo-
netary crisis. But while we see and feel the evil
—while we can without any pretext of vaticina-
tion predict the various changes of the cycle from
a tightness in the money market and raising the
rate of interest, to the reckless panic that must
inevitablyoccur if means be to not taken to avert it,
we are rendered powerless to avert it by the pro-

visions of the Bank Charter Act of 1844.

long as the fixed price of gold is maintained, that
we are compelled to sell in the cheapest, and pur-
chase in the dearest market, there can be no help
for us. We must see the vessel of the State drift
ing on the rocks without the chance of averting
the catastrophe. With a paper currency expanding
according to the wants of the country, we
might check the exportation without sacri-
ficing the welfare and happiness of our
own people. Under the present system we
can do nothing, but must submit to see the Ozer.
and RED EMPEROR making everything ready for
another desperate attempt to Cossackise Europe,
while we shall be fettered and rendered helpless
by our insane adherence to the bullionist theories,
the interested doctrines of the "Mercator"
school of cu rrency.

" Tarnished, too, and dim,
As if hot battle's cloud had lately circled him,"
—if lie so pleases, has he not earned the right to
wear it as well as any other heroic soldier has earned
the right is wear a star at his breast or a ribbon
in his button hole ? Away with all this miserable
rubbish, the rubbish of envious malignity—

The Right Honourable JAMES THOMAS BRIIDE-
NELL, 7th Earl of Cardigan, Inspector-General of
Cavalry, may, after all, be no great strategist,
may not have the smallest modicum of what is
called Genius for War, may be in no respect at all

the malice that mutters and the envy that shrugs
its shoulders. Lord CARDIGAN may be—not much
of a Commander ! He may havo slept on board
his yacht while other men were shivering through
the night hours in the Crimean encampment. He
may have been most culpable in sacrificing the
horses of his Brigade in the Dobrudscha and
before Sebastopol. He may be guilty of all thi,
and of much more—but still, when all is said and
done, he has incontestably won for himself the
glory due to a brave and unblenching Soldier.

outitled to credit as a tactician. BUT—without
:tiny manner of doubt, and beyond the possibility
question, his heart is that of as brave, and
gallant, and daring a gentleman as ever wore
upon his heel the golden spur of knighthood.
In demonstration of which it is only necessary
to remember—what some people really appear
never to have heard of—that Lord CARDIGAN
" went through" the terrible and glorious Light

Cavalry Charge at Balaklava. A deed of daring
absolutely and literally without any parallel. A
miserable blunder on the part of the Coin rnander-
in-Chief ; but a matchless and heroic achievement
,n the part of those by whom Lord RAGLAN'S
Order was carried into execution. An
achievement so astonishing from its te-
merity, that Marshal BOSQUET, looking
down upon it from the hill top, exclaimed in very
amaze, an amazement at once of scorn and admi-
ration "C'est magnifique, mais ce n'est pas la
guerre " Yes, but at the same time reversing
that most truthful definition of it—lf it Was
not war, it was magnificent ! And in that Light

TIM LATE GENERAL SIR COLIN HALKETT, G.C.B.—
The mortal remains of the venerable Governor of Chel-
sea Hospital were, on Thursday last, consigned to their
final resting-place, in the cemetery attached to Chelsea
hospital.

DEATH or LORD DE FREYNE.—The Death of this
nobleman, long known in the House of Commons as Mr.
Arthur French, of French Park, Roscommon, is re-
ported.
DEATH OF COLONEL SHEWELL, C.B.—We regret to
have to announce the death of Colonel Frederick George
Showell, C. 8., of the Bth Hussars, which took place on
Wednesday, near Guildford. Colonel Shewell had been
30 years in the service, commanded the Bth Hussars at
the famous Balaklava chart,e, where he brought a por-
tion of the brigade out of acti in, and subsequently held
the rank of Brigadier-General in• the Crimea, for which
he was made a C. 8., and awarded a pension for distin-
guishel services. Colonel Shewell was in every sense
of the word a good officer, and was high in the esteem of
all who knew him. He was 47 years of age.
THE HEALTH OF LORD EBRINGTON.—At the annual
meeting of the West Buckland Agricultural Association,
held on Wednesday, Earl Fortescue stated that Lard
Ebrington had been positieely forbidden by his medical
aelvisere to attend any candlelight meeting, and he was
also obliged to abstein from reading and writing ; and,
to prevent the possibility of his transacting any business,
he had been advised to withdraw himself from England
for the next six months. With strict adherence to the
rules laid down for him he (the noble ear ) looked forwar i
t:eich:BilsiToTrnetiotunurGnsiseaartritulAyriainoy;;:a spring nth the full restoration
of the sight of his remaining eye. '
—TNhler. . A 'Ch
followingr is t iies a
(
concluded
summary his
f
t le reseit., of the revision :—Claims allawed, 55 ; Ditto
iai`e-1, 13 ; Objections allowed, 533 ; Ditto failed, 42 ;
Erased by tie Barrister, 27 ; 01d names omitted from
the Itiew register, 1,871 ; New names inserted on the
new register, 1,879. The proceedings then tiaenivated.
THE MAILS.—The British and North American
steamer Persia, Judkiris commander, took her departure
for New York on Saturday with a large cargo of fine
goods and 209 passengers. Yesterday the Donald M'Kay,
belonging to the "Black Ball" line of Australian mail
clippers, sailed for Melbourne with 500 passengers and
2,000 tons of cargo.
THE NIams.—SOUTHAMPTON, Oct. 4.—The Peninsular
and Oriental Company's screw steamship Pera, Captain
Soy, with the India, China, and Mediterranean mails,
sailed this afternoon for Gibraltar, Malta, and Alex-
andria. She has on board 135 first, and 25 second class
passengers, 778,7631. value in specie for India and Chine,
1,0001. for Alexandria, and a full general cargo. Among
the passengers are General Lowe, Archdeacon Pratt,
Hoe. Mrs. Campbell, Dr, Duff, General Tomkins, Corn-
mansler Mould, R.N., and Captains Mainwaring, Morgan,
Walker, and Atkinson. The Madrid, Captain Brad-
shaw, will convey the Vigo; Oporto, Lisbon, Cadiz, and
Gibraltar mails on the 7th inst. The Sultan, Captain
Cook, will be despatched on the 16th inst. as an extra
ship to Gibraltar, Malta, and Alexandria, with passen-
gers and cargo. The Indus, Captain Brooks, with the
next homeward India, China, and Mediterranean mails.
is expected about Wednesday next. The United States'
mailsteamer Hermann, Captain Higgins, will sail from
this p ,rt for Now York next Wednesday with the Ger-
man, French, and English mails, passengers, and cargo.
SOUTHAMPTON, October s.—The screw steamer [lam-
bi]. go, Cspt. Logier, from the Spanish ports, arrived this
afternoon, with 19 passengers and a large cargo, cen-
sisting principally of dried fruits and wine. Among the
passengers are 174 shipwrecked sailors from Malaga. The
dates by the Hamburg° are—Barcelona, Sept. 14 ; Va-
lencia, 15 ; Alicante,t6 ; Malaga, 18 ; Cadiz, 23 ;
Corunna, 26 ; and Santander, Oct. 3. During the voyage
the ve,sel experienced generally fair weather. After dis-
charging her cargo, &c., for England, the Hambur so
will leave for Hamburg. The steamer Barcelona, be-
longing to the same line, reached Santander, from
Seuthampten, on the morning of the Ist inst.
GRAVESEND STAR STEAM PACKET COMPANY.—The
final annual meetirtg, of this once flourishing company
was held on Friday last, et the Clarendon Hotel, Graves-
end ; Chas. Becket, Es'q,, the chairman of the directors,
presiding. It appeared from the report presented that,
during the past yen-, the directors bad been actively en-
gagcd in realising the assets of the company, and dis-
, po,ing of the stock, in which they had succeeded, though
at a great saarifica upon original cost. Upon the whole
the directors recommended the payment of a dividend
of 94 per Si. share, and that the company be forthwith
dissolved.—Mr. Marriott complained that the directors
112.1 sold the boats at a great sacrifice, and advocated
the necessity of appointing a committee of shareholders
to examine most rninueely into the affairs of the com-
pany.--Mr. Dobson, the secretary of the company, in
reply, stated that a few gentlemen had offered to pur-
chase some of the boats, with the intention of getting up
\
, another company. The directors, however, had refuseu
to accept the prices offered, arid had since obtained
I better terms. One of the boats for which these gentle-
men offered 1,0001. was sold for 1,5001. After some
discussion, a resolution to dissolve the company was
unanimously adopted.

On Saturday we pointed out the ingenious
scheme by which the CZAR expects to obtain a
well-arranged steam fleet in the Euxiae ; and
what renders the project still more alluring, at the
expenee of his late opponents. By offering
subsidies to the amount of between 400,0001. and
500,000/. per annum, he hopes that the capitalists
of France and England may he induced to take
shares in a variety of Steam Navigation Companies
in the Black Sea—the single rendition being that
all the vessels engaged should be so constructed as
to be capable of carrying guns ; or, in other words,
they should be vessels of war without the arma-
ments, which could, however, lo added on short
notice whenev-r it suited the AUTOCRIT to cast
aside the mask, and to press into his own servic
the navy so considerately provided for him by the
enemy. It is true that few if any of these corn
panies could hope to pay the mere working ex-
penses, to say nothing of a dividend on the
capital embarked. But the liberal CZAR provides
for alt that. lie offers a subsidy of nearly half a
million per annum-25 per cent, on the two mil-
lions required—so that the pecuniary interests of
the shareholders will be secured, so far as they can
be by a Muscovite guarantee. A. judiciously
contrived excitement, which, by various contriv-
ances well known in the City, has run the quota-
tions up to 10 premium ; and the object of the
AUTOCRAT may be regarded as accomplished, for
no amount of Capel court protection could resist
so tempting a prize.

Cavalry Charge, in its glory and in its perils,
the Earl of CARDIGAN personally participated,
participated as fully as any one among the
rest of the immortal Six Hundred. He not
merely took a part in it, but a very conspicuous
?art in it. He led it. He rode his horse—
'ike the rest of them—at a trot, at a canter, at a
;allop, through that "hell fire" of flame and
:Ails, right through the serried ranks of the
oattled army of the Russians, infantry, cavalry,
trill artillery, striking down the gunners beside
heir cannon, and clearing a deadly path out to
the open ground in the rear of the enemy—
md so, more than decimated, returning
"hrough the same diabolical storm of shot, back
through the Valley of 1/2ath, to the fatal point
of departure. And throughout the whole of this
appalling feat of arms, Lard CARDIGAN led the
Brigade, to and fro, across that long Mile of De-
struction, stretching down to the Russian battery
in that awful, and thenceforth evecinenaorabba
Valley of Balaklava. During the double. passage
along which fatal mile of ground—mark what
were the deadly effects wrought upon the Bri-
gade by the Russian cannon and musketry ! Cap-
tain NOLAN, the bearer of that cruel and idiotic
" Order," by which so many bravo men were
doomed to inevitable destruction —Captain
NoLAN, the bearer of the order, protested
against, and alas ! only protested against
by the Noble Earl (Lucas) the General command-
ing the two Brigades of the Cavalry Division
was struck in the heart by a musket ball, almost
at the very instant the fatal command was given
for the Advance ! Captain MORRIS, of the 17th
Lancers—following Lord CARDIGAN With his troop
--was cut down at the Russian Battery. Captain
OLDHAM, of the 13th Light Dragoons, was blown
to pieces in entering it. Captain WINTER and
Captain WHITE (both of the 17th Lancers) were
struck to the earth a few seconds earlier, the
former killed, the latter severely wounded.
Captain GOOD and Captain JENYNS (both of the
13th Light Dragoons) were about the same time nu-
horsed, theformer dead, the latter maimed. Captain
PERCY SMITH, besides being himself wounded, h id
his horse killed under him, as wai tlieDerl,,stegolovnitsh,
three other officers of the 13th Light
TREMAYNE, JERVIS, and CHAUBERLIYNE. Cap'.
WEBB, of thel7th Lancers, was mortally wounded.
Sir WILLIAM GORDON was severely wounded.
Captain (now Brevet-Major)wMawxosEu,nodneed
osfh oljr t'no. Lord
CARDIGAN'S aides-de-camp, as
the battery. Sir G. WOMBWELL, the noble Eirl'a
extra aide .de camp, had his horse killed, and was
for a time made prisoner. Captain LOCKWOOD,
another of his Lordship's aides-de-camp, was
thereabouts killed shortly afterwards. While
—af the frightful havoc done among the
attendant troopers by shot and shell, sword,
bullet, lance, and .bayonet—have we not all

n g iatio
But it is not merely in the nav • of the
Black Sea that the CZAR is making timely prepa-
ration for future complications. He appears in a
as the generous patron of railways
new capacity-
--which are to provide Holy Russia with the best.
devised system of military railways in the world.
It is true that they cannot by any possibility
pay;
but where there is a Government, guarantee of 5
per cent. that .13 a matter of comparatively trivial
irnPortanee. The AUTOCRAT felt during the War
tie want of locomotive facilities. Could his troops
have
been conve y ed rapidly and safely from one
position of hia extended territories to another
Sebastopol might have been saved, and the Mus-
covite humiliationßut ALEXANDER
averted.
has profited by the bitter lesson he received—
and is losing no time in making every possible pre-
paration for the next col
Railways in Th are
issia Practically useless for
any save military purl) SP
' o -s, The rieforons pass-
port system, more stringent than in anyother part
of the world, interposes such extraordinary diffi-
cultioa in the way of travelling, that thepassenger
traffic moat,. save on peculiar oc • castons that may
not occur for a score of years, be utt.
—fly unpro-
ductive. It is not the object of the G.,
-vernment
encourage it, and it well knows ho
to vr to stop
proceeding opposed to its wishes
any p . Nor can
the goo's traffic prove much more profitable.
We knoll that even in this country, under the
most faVOurable circumstances, there are but

E SUN, LG NOON, MONDAY 'iiiREIVING OCTOBER 6, 18$

LATEST NEWS.

NAPLES, Ocr. 2.

Baron Martini arrived here on the 29th. The
King returned the following clay to Gaeta. There
had been a council of Ministers.

It is affirmed that a Ministry with General
Filangieri at its head will be formed, as he is con-
sidered acceptable to France. All, however, is
agitation and uncertainty here.
It was reported by the Royalist party that the
King of Naples is supported by Russia, Austria,
and Prussia.

VIENNA, OCT. 4.

Baron de Hubner arrived yesterday evening,
and this morning had a conference with Count
Buol. Naples perists in its refusal. The resig-
nation of Prince Petrulla has been accepted.

MARSEILLES, SATURDAY.

The news from Constantinople to the 25th
September informs us that there is a rise in the
'nice of wheat then), in comsequence of a scarcity
of the article.

as usual is watching to tike the side of the si:onger
party, and then make a virtue of it.

- Tim' mail from Algiers brings news from Kabylia
to the 24th ult. The divisions of Generals Renault
and Yusuf have had a brilliant engagement with
the insurgent Kablyes, in which the loss of the
latter was very considerable.
The majority. of Commissioners for the Danubian
Principalities have refused to discuss the proposed
questions until the Austrian troops evacuate, and
autil the Sultan decrees the meeting of the Divans
on such terms as are embodied in the protocols of
the Peace of Paris.

The English fleet was, awaiting in the 130E-
phorus its orders to depart. The Sultan had been
invested with the Order of the Garter.

The political embarrass ments of the Porte were
increasing. Lord Stratford de ftedcliffe's influ-
ence prevailed one day, and that of M. de Thou-
venel the next, till it was superseded by that of
M. von Prokesch. M. de Thouvenel was dissa-
tisfied with the turn which had been given to the
question of the navigation of the Danube in the
Magnan case, and- insisted on the observance of

The 211-oniteur contains a list of subscriptions,
received from Huddersfield, Yorkshire, for the in-
undation fund. It amounts to 11,820 fr. 50 c.
The total, amount received has now reached the
sum of 11,291,80.4 fr. 33 c.

The Freuch squadron is at Toulon expecting
orders every day to sail for Naples. The vessels
are—La Bretagne and TAlgesiras, with the steam-
frigates Isly-, Duchayla, l'Ulm, and Napoleon.
The following letter appears in the Constitu-
tionnel

the privileges which were alleged to have been'
disregarded. On the
.other hand it is beyond
doubt that an Austrian circular has been privately
issued which prohibits the Austrian officials to
give any relief or assistance to either Turkish or
French vessels navigating. the Danube.
The truce between Turkey and Montenegro
is to expire on the 12tIL inst. In spite of the
pacific assurances of Prinice Danilo, three attacks
have been made by thel Montenegrins on the
Turkish position near Spug. An Austrian Colonel
has repaired to Cettinge to keep the Prince quiet
by persuasion if he can.
M. de Talleyrand and Sir Henry Bulwer have
returned from Broussa.
Letters from the Black Sea describe a tre-
mendous storm at Varna, and they also state that
several casualties have occurred in the Sea of
Azoff, by vessels running upon the sunken ships
there.

BERLIN, OCT. 4.

The Archduke Albert met with an accident yes-
terday at the camp at Biramberg. His carriage
was upset, and the Prince received some slight
contusions. General Count de Leiningen died
the day before yesterday at Cracow.

COPENHAGEN, OCT. 4.

"GENOA, Sept. 30.—Sardinia claims the right of
joining in the
,naval demonstration intended against
Naples.

The Ministerial crisis is at an end. The Cabinet
is reconstituted as follows :—M. Andrea, .Presi-
dent of the Council and Foreign Secretary ; M.
Fenger, Finance Department ; M. Scheele (Mi-
nister for the German Duchies) and the other
members of the late Cabinet, with the exception
of M. Bang, retain their portfolios.

" With regard to Austria here fleet is alr3ady sailing
for ithe Gulf of Naples ; and we conjecture that it
oust now have arrived ftom Malta, where it touched
lately according to the lisst accounts, under the order of
Vice-Admiral Count de Bourguignon. The Austrian
'hips would then be the first at the rendezvous, for the
French and English fleets have still orders to receive
oefora aivancing to the capital of the Neapolitan States.
" There are also some Piedmontese, and Piedmont is
4oing to send four of her frigates with the four ships and
Four frigates of Great Britain and France.
A letter dated Paris, Oct. 4, says A good
many persons, some say 100, were arrested the
night before last in the Rue Mouffotard and in
other streets of the 12th arrondissement. The
parties are charged with being implicated in the
posting up by day, and particularly by night, pla-
cards of a very menacing character. These placards
threaten death to the proprietors, demand "cheap
bread or —," recommend the most summary
measures against the owners of house property,
and several of them used very disrespectful and
even menacing expressions towards the Emperor
himself. Such angry ebullitions of popular
feeling, occurring at the moment when the work-
ing classes are called on to pay their rent, show
the sort of relations which exist between them
and, the proprietors. Those relations are the
worst that can possiby be imagined. Political
economists tell us that things find their level, and
are of general benefit sooner or latter. They are, no
doubt, right, but the classes I speak of have rather
loose notions on political economy ; they only feel
that they are ground down by high rents and as
high taxation, and they are discontented. It may
be true, as the Moniteur lately stated, that for
every house . pulled down four or five new ones
have been built ; but it is equally certain that
those who occupied the old houses could no more
become tenants of the new edifices which have
arisen on their sites than they could take up their
quarters in the moon. Rent has quadrupled
within the last four years, and the condition of
thousandS whose income has continued stationary
must be deplorable. In the newly-constructed
houses rent is enormously high ; in some of the
principal streets it is not uncommon to find a second
and even a third floor, unfurnished, let for 10,000 f.
(400/0 which a few years "ago might be had for less
than one-fourth. But it is not merely in new con-
structions that this increase is found. Houses which
have hardly undergone any repair--which have been
untouched by the brush of the painter or varnisher
—have risen with the same rapidity, so that any-
thing like cheap or even moderate lodging is out of
the question. People who invest capital in building
do so unquestionably for profit, and they have a
right to fix whateVer value they please on their
property ; but it is undeniable that many house
proprietors are most grasping and remorseless in
their exactions. What with the high price. of pro-
visions of all kinds and enormous house-rent, it is
difficult to understand how not merely the working
classes, but also the small employes under Govern-
ment and clerks in commercial houses, can manage
to live. At this conjuncture, so critical to so great
a portion of the public, I am assured that many
families have been thrown upon the street. They
know not where to go for shelter, for the new
landlord will be -found as exacting as the one that
ejects them. This hatred, just or unjust, against
the proprietors, is intense and general, and if ever
any disturbance takes place these, I fear, will pass
a mauvais quart d'heure. I have seen the tran-
scripts of one of, the placards torn down by the
police the night before last, with the words, " Tug
ton proprietaire ; je tueraile mien !—Mort aux
proprietaircs ;" and some other specimens of the
same kind.
The Moniictir publishes two decrees—one ex-
tending to the .31st December, 1857, the delay
ixed by the decree of the 19th September, 1855,
for the modifications in the Customs tariff in the
colonies of Martinique, Guadeloupe, Ile de la Re-
union, and Senegal, as far as regards corn, flour,
and pulse ; and the other adding copper, either
pure or m'xed, with zinc, and sheet z;nc, for the
use of ships' bottoms, to the list of articles admitted
free of duty when intended for naval constructions.
BOURSE, Oct. 4. The following were the last
quotations :

MADRID, OCT. 3,
The Government of O'Donnell is showing the
greatest energy in the Mexican affair.

The Qneen has declared the cbilslof the Ditchers
of Montpenitier to be Infanta of Spain. •
A decree for the free cultivation of tobacco in
the Philippine Islands is gazetted.
To-morrow, the 4th, is the King's name-day,
en which occasion there w.;11 be a reception and
kissing of hands.

The Paris correspondent of the Times (second
edition), in his letter dated yesterday, says :
" A Council Ministers has been held this day
at St. Cloud, under the presidence of the
Emperor. The affairs of Italy, and particu-
larly of Naples, were again under deliberation.
What resolution has been come to, if any, we
have not yet means of knowing. It is cer-
tain, however, that the question has now ac-
quired the grc .test importance and causes much
anxiety. Recent and trustworthy accounts describe
the condition of Italy at this moment as most
critical, and the greatest fermentation extends
from Cape Spartivento to the States of Tuscany.
I doubt whether the unhappy Sovereign, whose
cruelty and obstinacy are the cause of all, win
make any concessions worth speaking of, and I
do not lc-,rn that the hopes expressed for the
last few days are likely to be realised. There
are rumours of an approaching modification
of the Neapolitan Ministry in a liberal sense.
I am unable to say whether these rumours
are entitled to credit, but I believe this Govern-
ment would bo very glad if they were.
" The Epoca, of the 30th of September, men
tions that the Emperor of the French intends,
one of these days, to visit St. Jean de Luz, in
order to examine the situations and condition of
its fine harbour.

Cash. fr. s. End of Month.
4i per Cents 9l 75 —f. —e.
I Der Cents 67 60 67 75
New Loan —
Bark Shares • 3,975 Roman
Credit Mobilie- 1,535 Austrian
Belgian Fives 9Bi Spanish Threes...-.
lednaontose(s) : f',3 Home Debt .........

RAILWAYS-7CE CASH.

----...-
IT. C. ft. a
Orleans (xd), 1,300 Western (Kg)... ..... 816 25
northern
Lyons
Nioclitorranoan (xd) 1,735 Grand Central
Lyons Genova 760 Tost©
Cette — Austrian Cern. ...... 815

" Permit me to say a few words on the for(
going. It does not require much intelligence to
understand that a military and fortified port at St.
Jean de Luz is just the thing that France wants,
and ever has wanted, to command the whole
Calabrian coast. With a steam fleet there, and
with the stores, arsenals, and appurtenances of a
maritime establishment of war, the Basque pro-
vinces are at the mercy of France, though the
numerous little ports along them aro, compara-
tively speaking, without defence.

The Vienna Presse, of Oct. 1, has a leader on
the Russian Circular, whic'h contains passagn
well worthy of notice. After a passing allusion
to the " prond s3lf-confidence" which pervades
the Russian Circular, the Vienna journalist thus
speaks of the present attitude of Russia :
" The assurance that Russia is not
brit collecting herself, is most satisfactory. Le,t
her collect the whole force of the nation, though
not as heretofore to direct it against her neigh-
bours, but in order to derive every possible ad-
vantage from the natural resources of the coun-
try, to develop its industry, to civilise its inhabi-
tant:), to emancipate its serfs, and to create a re-
spectable middle class. Let her do this, and the
whole of Europe will hail in Alexander 11. a
second Poter—A regenerator of the gigantic em-
pire over which he has been called by Providence
to rule."

FRANCE.

PARIS, SUNDAY.

Last night an attache of the British Embassy left
Paris, with despatches for London. A Cabinet
Council was held on Friday, when the Neapolitan
question was discussed ; and again yesterday some
further decisions were arrived at. The despatches
therefore which left Paris last evening report the
result of those Cabinet deliberations. On Friday
the Neapolitan Ambassador at the Court of the
Tuileries had a private interview with the Emperor
before his Majesty's Ministers left ; and on the
same day Admiral Trehouart, who commands the
fleet at Toulon, also had an interview with the
Emperor. M. Brunow frequently visits the
French Foreign-office, and a second note or pro-
test on the Neapolitan question is said to have been
read to M. Walevvski within the last week. Austria

48 menat?rs (33 Government Republicans end
15 Independent Republicans) against 32, 25 belong-
ing to the Royalist faction and seven to the
Independent petty; The, Grand Council has like-
wise pronounced the definite suspensioh of the Ad.
ministrative Councils of two other distiicts, which
had joined in the insurrection. It, moreover, de-
cided that an inquiry should be instituted into the
cone let of the officers, who, although holding their
commissions from the Republic,had made no exertion
to re-establish order and restore the legal rule in
their respective localities. Finally, it decreed the
distribution among several important localities of
the canton of the war materiel of which the capital
had bon) hitherto in possession. The number of pri-
soners confined at Neuchatel for having te ken part
in the Royalist insurrection is reduced to 32.
Amont, them are four Protestant ministers. Many
have been liberated on bail or on parole."

PORTUGAL.
LISBON, SEPT. 29.
_ _

orriis tereeted. It s ill be my imperative duty to see
that these sugg,atiens are carried into effect. In my offi-
cial action here I wilt do justice at all hazards. Influence
by no other considei ation than the welfare of the whole
people of this territory, I desire to know no party, no
section, no North, no South, no East, no West—nothing
but Kanstli and my country. Fully conscious of my
great rci.ponsibility in the present coudition of affairs in
Kansas, I must invoke your aid and solicit your gener-
ous forbearance. Your executive officer can do little
without the aid of the people. With a firm reliance upon
Uivine Providence, to the best of my ability I shall pro-
mote the interests of the citizens of the territory, not
merely collectively, but individually ; and I shall expect
from them in return that cordial aid and support without
which the government of no State or territory can be
administered. Let us all begin slew. Let the past l I
buried in oblivion. Let all strife and bitterness cease.
Let us all honestly devote our3elves to the true interests
of Kansas—develope her rich eilricultural and mineral
resources—build up manufactui:ng enterprises—make
public ror is end highways—prepare amply for the c lo-
cation of our children—devote ourselves to all the rrt, of
peace—and make our territory the sanctuary of those
cherished principles which protect the inalienable rights
of the indiVidual, end elevate states in their severing.)
capacities. •
" Then shall peaceful industry soon be rcitored—
population and wealth will flow upon us the desert
will blossom as the rose'—and the State of Kansas will.
• soon be admitted into the Union, the peer and pride of
her elder sisters. " JOEN W. GEARY."

The government has directed its financial agent
in London to apply to an eminent English house;
and -in its default to another with the object of in-
viting offers for the, projected loan. It is said that
the high price of-Portuguese bonds leaves too little
margin to tempt speculation in this country, for it
is obvious that the government will found their
calculations upon the current value of the Three
per Cant. Stock.
Signor Corradi, Spanish minister at this court,
formerly editor of the Clamor Publico, has
been decorated by the King with the order of
Christ. It is understood that this gentleman,
being altogether opposed to O'Donnell's policy,
asked for his recall after the coup d'etat, and
that he will shortly be superseded—some say
by Pastor Diaz. Such a mark of favour to
a minister whose political views are so well
known may show with some significance the
bent of the royal mind upon Spanish affairs, for
there is no question that Dom Pedro V., young
though he be, has conceived some very decided
opinions on the subject of stars and crosses, and
sees little use in idly disposing of them, a fact
which he proved on more than one occasion to the
late ministers. Apropos of this, during the Sal-
danha administration an agent applied for a title
on the part of a wealthy Portuguese, resident
abroad, who had deputed him to open the official
doors with that key which had never failed before ;
but on calling to learn the result, he was told by
the minister that had the application been made
during the Regent's rule there would have been no
difficulty, but that things had altered, and, in
short, the young King did not wish it.
By a notice of the Board of Health, promulgated
on the 27th inst., the city is declared free of cho-
lera, and clean bills are now given to all vessels
leaving the port. There is some doubt if the Span-
ish consul will yet pass clean bills of health to ves-
sels bound to that country, or even if he does, it
is probable the Spanish authorities will continue
the quarantine on the vessel's arrival, and it will
not be surprising if the British packets are still
hampered by sanitary regulations.
In foreign exchanges, with the exception of Lon-
don, which has falln / this packet, no material
alteration has occurred. Paper continues very
scarce on all places, and in some demand. The
following are the quotations for this mail :—Lon-
don, thirty days, 53 ; ninety days, 54. Paris,
one hundred days, 530.

AMERICA!

The new Governor has issued a proclamation disband-
ing the volunteer militia, which has attempted to enforce
the territorial laws under the directions of his precTeess•
sor, and commanding all ths Fr silte men to disband
aVonce or quit the terr;to)y, and commanding all male
citizens between 18 and 45 to or64niss at once into a
militia and to bold themselves in readiness to be sum-
mon-1 into the service of the United States,
The Old Line Whig State Convention had ad-
journed after norn;uating Mr. Fillmore. There

„
had been a great Whig meeting at Baltimore on
the eccasion.

The English West India mail steamer Tay was
lost near Lopez Island on the 30th of September.
The passengers, crew, and mail were saved.
The danger from yellow fever was considered
over in New York. The dangerous vessels had.
been allowci to come up to quarantine anchorage
from the south-wc-t spit.
Mr. George Peabody had declined the public
. .

dinners tendered +r him by New York, Philadel-
phia, Boston, end other citie3, in consequence of
tis efforts to promote international good feeling
between Great Brita;n and the United States.

LIVERPOOL, SATURDAY EVENING.

The Arabia arrived here at noon tc day. She
sailed from Boston on the 24th, and from Halifax
on the 25th of September. She brought 61 pas-
sengers, $777,899 in specie, and four days' later
news.
The political news is of little importance. Both
parties were canvassing Pennsylvania vigorously.
The new GoVernor of Kansas has issued the fol-
lowing address and proclamatian on entering upon
the duties of his office :
" Fellow-citizens,—l appear among you a stranger
to most of. you, and for the first time I have the honour
to address you 29 the Governor of the territory of
Kansas. The position was not sought by me, but was
voluntarily tenderc I by the preterit chief magistrate of
the nation. As an American citizen, deeply conscious
of the blessings which ever flow from our beloved Union,
I did not consider myself at liberty to shrink from any
duties, however delis -..te and onerous, required of me by
my country. With a full knowledge of all the circum-
stances surrounding the executive office, I have delibe-
rately accepted it, and, P 9 God may give me strength
and ability, I will endeavour faithfully to di charge its
varied requiremente. When I recsived my commission I
was solemnly sworn to support the constitution of the
United States and to discharge my duties as Governor of
Kansas with fide'ity. By referen,:a to the act for the or-
ganisation of this territory, p. used by Congress on the
30th day of March, 1854, I find my duthl more par-
ticularly defined. Among other things, lam to teke
care that the laws be faithfully executed.' The constitu-
tion of the United States and the organic law of this
territory will be the lights by which I will be guided in
my executive career. A careful and diepassionete ex-
amination of our organic act will satisfy rny reesonable
person that its provisions are e'ninently just and benefi•
cial. If this act has been distorted to unworthy pur-
poses it is not the fault of its pro The great lead-
ing feature of that act ;stile righttherein conferred upcn
the actual and bona fide inhabitant, of this territory in
the exerc'se of self-government to determine for them-
selves what shall be their own domestic institutions, sub-
ject only to the constitution and the laws duly enacted
by congress under it.' The people accustomed to self-
government in the States whence they came, and having
removed to this territory with the bona fide intention of
making it their future residence, were supposel to be
capable of creating their own municipal government and
to be the best judges of their own loc.:l necessities and in-
stitutions. Tuis is what is termed 'popular sovereignty.'
By this phrase we simply mean the right of the majority
of the people of the several States and territei.es, being
qualified electors, to regulate their own domestic concerns
and make their own municipal laws. Thus under-
stood, this doctrine underlies the whole system of repute
lican government. It is the great right of self-govern-
ment, for the establishment of which our ancestor; in the
stormy days of the revolution pletleed 'their liv , their
fortunes, and their sacred honour.' A doctrine so emi-
Pently jest should receive the willing- homage of every
American citizen. When legitimately expressed and
duly ascertained, the will of the majority must be the
imperative rule of civil action for every law-abiding
cirizen. This simple, just rule of action has brought
order out of chaos, and by a progress unparalleled in the
history of the world has made a few feeble infant colo-
nies a giant confederated republic. No man conversant
with the state of affairs now in Kansas can close his eyes
to the fact that much Civil disturbance bee for a long
time past existed in this territory. Verious reasons have
been assigned for this unfortunate corrlitica of affaite,
end numerous remedies have I :en proposed. The
House of Representatives of the United Slater hitee
ignored the claims of both gentlemen clehning the legal
right to represent the people of this territory in that
body. The Topeka constitution, recognised by. the
House, has been repudiated by the Senate. Various
measures, each in the opinion of its respective advocates
suggestive of peace to Kansas, have been alternately pre.
posed and rejected. Men outside of the territory, in
various sections of the Union, influenced by reasons best
known to themselves, ' have endeavoured to stir up in-
ternal strife and to array .brother againct brother. In
this conflict of opinion,. and. for the promotion of the
most unworthy. purposes, Kansas is left to suffer, her
people to mourn, and her prosperity is endangered. Is
there no remedy for these evils ? Cannot the wounds of
Kansas be healed, and peace be restored to all her bor.
tiers Men of the North, men of the South, of the Beet,
and of the West, in Kansas, you, and you alone,
have the remedy in your own hands. Will you nut
suspend fratricidal strife ? Will you not cease to re
gard each other as enemies, and look upon one
another as the children of a common mother, and
come and reason together ? Let us banish all out-
side influences from our deliberations, and assemble
around our council board with the constitution of
the country and the organic law of the territory as the
great charts for our guidance and direction. The bona
fide inhabitants of this territory alone are charged with
the solemn duty of enacting its laws, upholding the Go-
vernment' maintaining peace, and forming the founda-
tion for afuture commoeweelth. On this point let there
be a perfect unity of sentiment. It is the first great
step towards the attainment of peace. It will inspire
confidence among ourselves and iasnre the respect of the
whole country. Let us show ourselves worthy and re-
pable of self-government. Do not the inhabieante of this
territory better understand what domestic institutions
'are suited to their condition, what laws will be toast
conducive to their prosperity and happiness, than the
citizens of distant or even neighbouring States ? This
great right of regulating our own affairs and attending
to our own business, without any interference front
others, has been guaranteed to us by the law which Con.
gross has made for the organisation of this territory.
This right of self-government—thie privilege guaranteed
to us by the organic law of our territory, I will uphold
with all my might, and with the entire power committed
to me. In relation to any changes of the laws of the ter-
ritory which I may deem desirable I have no occasion
now to speak ; but these are subjects to which I shall
direct public attention at the proper time. The territory
e
of the United States is the common property of the s vt;
o -
ral States, or of the people thereof. This being so no
obstacle should be interposed to the free settlemen't of
absolute
right righthis
of territory,
this common property, while in a territorial condition. I
snaking under
their
cheerfully adroit that the
the p
e e
Inthuenoiergipaanl laws, and
have
and from citizens who deem themselves
aggrieved by recent legislation I would invoke the utmost
forbearance, and point out to them a sure and peaceable
remedy. You have the right to ask the next Legislature
to revise any and all laws ; and in the meantime, as you
value the Peace of the territory and the maintenance of
future laws, I would earnestly ask you to refrain from
all viehrtion of the present statutes. lam sure there is
patriotism sufficient inthepeople of Kansas to lend a will-
ing obedience to the law. All the provisions of the con-
stitution of the United States must belen.eredly observed,
all the acts of Congress having reference to this territory
must be unhesitatingly obeyed, and the decisions of our