The Sun.
London, England, 1851-08-30 00:00:00

SATURDAY EVENING, AUGUST 3O, 1851.

LEVANT MAIL.

By the Levant mail we have received Constanti-
nople journals to the 14th, and Athens journals to
the 18h, both inclusively. There is no political
news of interest from the Turkish capital. The
Journal de Constantinople publishes a long account
of the launch of the Mahmoudie ship of the line, in
presence of the Sultan, who previous to the launch
went on board and examined the ship in detail.
The Courrier d'Athimes is also destitute of poli-
tical news of importance. It announces that the
Queen was about to leave for Oldenburg, to at-
tend a marriage in her family. The same journal
gives several accounts of further acts of piracy
and brigandage. The celebrated pirate George
Negros landed at CC:a on the 7th, at the head of six
men armed to the teeth. They ill-treated the quaran-
tine officer, robbed him of all he had, and even of his
seal of office; they then compelled him to procure
them provisions, and broke into a store, from which
they took more. They next robbed several boats, and
went away. The authorities sent 30 men in
nursuit of them, but without success. The
French Minister consented, at the request of the
Government, to allow the Chaptal steamer to
go in search of the pirates. The pirate Negros sub-
sequently landed at Naxos, robbed the offices of the
quarantine, and took away the seal, together with 40
drachmas in money. Amongst the acts of brigandage
recorded is the pillaging of a monastery in Euboea;
large sums of money and the sacred vessels were
taken ay-, ay, and four gendarmes were captured ; also
the invading of the town of Callidroma, and the
complete sacking of Marathia ; in the latter place a
student was horribly tortured. An engagement took
place on the 13th, at a short distance from the chief
town of the province of Bceotia, between a band of
brigands under the chief TaSSO3 and a detachment of
gendarmes; two brigands and two gendarmes were
killed.

MODERN ROMA,NISM.

DR. NEWMAN'S DESCRIPTION OF THE MIRACLES
AND RELICS OF HIS CHURCH.

Aris's Birmingham Gazette of Monday gives a
report of Dr. Newman's last lecture, in which the
following passage appears :
" Certainly the Catholic Church, from east to west,
from north to south, is, according to our concep-
tions, hung with miracles. The store of relics is in-
exhaustible—they are multiplied through all lands,
and each particle of each has in it a dormant,
perhaps an energetic virtue of supernatural ope-
ration. At Rome there is the true cross, the
crib of Bethlehem, and the chair of St. Peter,
Portions of the crown of thorns are kept at Paris;
the holy coat is shown at Treves ; the winding-sheet
at `Turin; at Monza, the iron crown is formed out of
a nail of the cross; and another nail is claimed for
the Duomo of Milan ; and pieces of our Lady's habit
are to be seen in the Escurial. The agnus dei, blessed
medals, the scapular, the cord of St. Francis, all are
the medium of divine manifestations and graces.
Crucifixes have bowed the head to the suppliant, and
Madonnas have bent their eyes upon assembled crowds.
St. Januarius's blood liquefies periodically at Naples ;
and St. Winifred's well is the scene of wonders even
in an unbelieving country. Women are marked with
the sacred stigmata ; blood has flowed on Fridays
from their five wounds, and their heads are crowned
with a circle of lacerations. Relics are ever touching
the sick, the diseased, the wounded, sometimes with
no result at all, at other times with marked and
undeniable efficacy. Who has not heard of the
abundant favours gained by the intercession
of the Blessed Virgin, and of the marvellous conse-
quences which have attended the invocation of St.
Anthony of Padua ? These phenomena are some-
times reported of saints in their lifetime, as well as
after death, especially if they were evangelists or mar-
tyrs. The wild beasts crouched before their victims
in the Roman amphitheatre; the axeman was unable
to sever St. Cecilia's head from her body, and St.
Peter elicited a spring of water for his gaoler's bap-
tism in the Mamertime. St. Francis Xavier turned
salt water into fresh for five hundred travellers; St.
Raymond was transported over the sea on his cloak ;
St. Andrew shone brightly in the dark; St. Scholas-
tica gained by her prayers a pouring rain; St. Paul
was fed by ravens ; and St. Frances saw her guardian
angel. I need not continue the catalogue. I will avow
distinctly that, putting out of the question the hypo-
thesis of unknown laws of nature (which is an evasion
from the force of any proof), I think it impossible to with-
stand the evidence which is brought for the liquefaction
of the blood of St. Januarius at Naples, and for the
motion of the eyes of the pictures of the Madonna in
the Roman States. I see no reason to doubt the
material of the Lombard crown at Monza ; and I do
not see why the holy coat at Treves may not have been
what it professes to be. I firmly believe that portions
of the true cross are at Rome and elsewhere, that the
crib of Bethlehem is at Rome, and the bodies of St.
Peter and St. Paul also. I believe that at Rome too

lies St. Stephen, that St. Matthew lies at Salerno,
and St. Andrew at Amalfi. I firmly believe that the
relics of the saints are doing innumerable miracles
and graces daily, and that it needs only for a Catholic
to show devotion to any saint in order to receive
especial benefits from his intercession. I firmly
believe that saints in their lifetime have before now
raised the dead to life, crossed the sea without ves-
sels, multiplied grain and bread, cured incurable
diseases, and stopped the operation of the laws of the
universe in a multitude of ways. Many men when
they hear an educated man so speak, will at once im-
pute the avowal to insanity, or to an idiosyncracy, or
to imbecility of mind, or to decrepitude of powers, or
to fanaticism, or to hypocrisy. They have a right to
say so, if they will ; and we have a right to ask them
why they do not say it of those who bow down before
the Mystery of Mysteries, the Divine Incarnation. If
they do not believe this, they are not yet Protestants."

BANK OF ENGLAND.
(From last night's Gazette.)
An Account, pursuant to the Act 7th and Bth of Victoria,cap . 32 for
the Week ending on Saturday, the 23d day of August, 1851.
1.135171 DEPARTMENT.

Notes 27,623,190

Government debt .. 11,015,100
Other securities •. • . 2,984,900
Gold coin and bullion 13,589,815
Silver bullion ...... 33,375

"X 27,623,190 I £27,623,190
M. MARSITkTJ., Chief Cashier.
1851.
,EPA3T3IIN T.

Dated the 26th day of August,

BANKING

'roprietorecapital• • 14,553,000
test ••--••• • • • • • • • 3,288,460
'ublic deposits (in-
eluding Exchequer,
Commissioners of
National Debt, Sav-
ings-banks, and Di-

IGovernment securi-

ties (including Dead
Weight Annuity) .. 13,464,216
Other securities .. 12,884,541
Notes .............. 7,878,040
Gold and silver ccin•. 604,634

vend accouna).. 7,161,085
Other deposits .... •• 8,507,179
Seven day and other

1.11119••:• •• •• - •... 1,522,007

£34,931,731

£34,531,731
r. MARSHALL, Clziof Cashier.
151.

Dated the 28th day of August,

MATRIMONIAL BLISS.

On Thursday afternoon, just before the departure of
the Birmingham train, a curious scene took place at the
Derby station. A married female, tolerably good look-
ing, but a perfect termagant, was in the act of taking
her departure in an open carriage, when the indignant
husband came in pursuit of her; whereupon an inde-
scribable contention took place between the two.
From what we could gather on the spot, it appears
that some unpleasantness had occurred between the two
who had been united in the bonds of holy wedlock, and
had taken each other for " better or worse." They had
(so the story goes) been before the magistrates, and, in
the words of the wife, " the mayor had separated
them," and she was determined to live a life of single
blessedness. Finding that she was on the point of
taking her departure, the husband went in hot
pursuit to the station, and insisted upon his wife
leaving the carriage. She resisted, and a " scene"
ensued which caused the officers of the company to in-
terfere. At length the husband, finding that he could
not get his wife out of the carriage, hit upon the expe-
dient of accompanying her, and immediately ran into
the booking-office to procure a ticket. Having obtained
one ho sprang into the carriage, to the great mortification
of his " dearly beloved," who writhed and fumed, and
in her excitement, or from a natural impetuosity, used
language not the most agreeable to ears polite.
Finding that she was check-mated, she then made an
attempt to spring out of the carriage, but was withheld
by the persons in the carriage, the husband looking on
with the greatest coolness. At length the whistle
sounded and away went the train, the woman's voice
being heard far above the din, her arms striking the air.
How, when arrived at their journey's end, the " happy
couple" would arrango,their differences—or whether she
succeeded in escaping the vigilance of the husband, de-
ponent knoweth not. It seemed, however, to be the
general opinion of the bystanders that the man was a
fool for his pains, and that he had undertaken a wild
goose chase, which was likely to end in bitter dis-
appointment.---Derby Reporter.

TAKING THE THE LION'S SHARE.—..A. Visit of a " wild
beast show" being now-a-days rather a rare occurrence in
this quarter, a considerable number of our juvenile popula-
tion took the opportunity of seeing the small collection which
was exhibiting upon the North Inch at the end of last week
A little urchin, after having gratified his curiosity by gazing
at the elephant, bears, tigers, &c., happening to cast his
eyes upwards espied the scraps of meat, hearts, lights, and
livers, which have been purchased to feed the beasts, lying
in a heap upon the top of one of the waggons, and his appe-
tite for butcher meat—an article which he had perhaps few
opportunities of tasting--being whetted thereby, he resolved
to make an attempt to obtain possession of t
he provender.
For this purpose he left the show, went outside in the dark,
and climbed up to the top of the waggon, where he delibe-
rately helped himself to the whole of the hearts, which he
carried off, leaving the rest of the offal, which, we suppose,
he thought good enough and sufficient enough, for the car-
nivorous quadrupeds inside.--Perth Courier.
ILLNESS OF THE MARCIIIONESS Or THOMOND.—
The Marchioness of Thomond has been confined to her room
for several weeks past by severe indisposition, which has
, taken a dangerous turn, so much so, that serious alarm is
Ifelt at the mansion in Eaton-square as to its ultimate termi-
' nation. From inquiries, we have ascertained that the noble
sufferer is unable at present to leave her bed. A few days
ago there was a changatle.auance .for the better, but we regret to say
it wg

MARKET INTELLIGENCE.

(From th<, London New Price Current, Aug. 29.)
SUGAR.—To-day there was no improvement in the
home trade demand for VireLl India, still hulders were
firm, and obtained full rates for all qualities. Only 426
hhds, &c., sold; making for the week 1,640 hhds and
tierces, and prices close (qua' to those of Friday last.
An impression exists that the demand will be more ac-
tive next week.

REFINED.—To-day home dealers made purchasLs
with more freedom in Refined goods; still low to fino
grocery Lumps ar© offered at 45s to 495. Crushed
Sugar is still dull of tale.
LIAURITIUS.—This afternoon there was no public
sale of Mauritius Sugar, the private operations were
however upon a more extended scale, at fully former
rates.

EAST INDIA..—This afternoon the operations in East
India Sugar were upon a more extended scale. Of
Bengal 1,192 bags at auction sold at full terms; low to
tioe'o white Benures went at 37s 6d to 42y, damp :36s 6d to
mid grainy )ellow 41s to 425, and soft yellow :323 to
36i per Cwt.

E;REIGN.—To•day the business concluded privately
in Foreign Sugar is of little moment for all purposes,
still the offers made at lower rates were rejected. Of
Manilla 1,946 mats clayed at auction went at 32s to
32s 6:1 per cwt.

MoaessEs.—A reluctance is manifested by hol!ers of
West India to sell at any further reduction, and stuck is
1,000 tons smaller that lest year; sales, however, are yet
upon a small scale; Antigua at 14s to 15s, and other sorts
1 is 6d te ISs 6d. There aresellers of Bengal and Ilaurititts
at lls to lls 6d, Cuba and Porto Rico at 13s to 136 6d.
West India lloney is in fair request at from 363 to 56s
per cwt.
COCOA.—Trinidad has met with little attention this
week, yet the rates obtained have been equal to those
current previously, yet the supply is more plentirul ; at
auction of 590 bags a small part only was disposed of,
grey at 38s to 403, low and mid red 41s to 44s 6d, and
good to floe 45s to 503. Grenada met with little attention,
still prices are not lower than in the preceding seek; of
425 bags at auction, a small pert only sold at 38s to
40s for mid and good red, and fair grey at 36s to 375.
9 p.eckages Dominica realised 35s per cwt. Stock of
West India exceeds that of last year by 4,800 bags, and
consumption is limited. Foreign is rather more in re-
quest, and merchants are less disposed to realise; the
rates obtained for the parcels sold privately were 26s to
27s for Bahia and Para, and 28s to 30s for Guayaquil.
COFFEE.—This afternoon Native Ceylon Coffee met
with little attention privately, still merchants were firm,
and would not sell good ord under 395 per cwt. Planta-
tion Ceylon was only in limited demand, but lower rates
were not taken; of 78 casks 4 bags at auction a small
part only sold, mid and good mid at 53s to 555, low mid
51s to 525, other sorts 43s to 50s, and pea-berry 5Ss 6d
to 60s per cwt.
TEA.—For the lower qualities of Congou prices have
declined this week, larger parcels having been brought
upon the market; there has been a good home trade
demand, and some export orders have been com-
pleted. The rates taken for low to good ord aro 9d
to 10/3, and medium to rather strong blackish leaf
sorts lOid to Hid. For good to fine qualities there
is much dulness in the market, and merchants aro
disposed to sell at is to is 6d, there being a heavy stock.
In Oolong purchases are upon a small scale, and parcels
are offering at from 1 Id to is 4d, and fine is 5d to Is 7d.
Tho transactions in Souchong are trifling, and largo
parcels are upon the market, the rates accepted being
lad to is 4d, and for good to fine is 5d to 2s 4d. The
trade continues in want of Young Ilyson, and clean
Canton Gunpowder; previous terms are sustained, but
for other sorts of Green there is dulness in the market,
and prices are yet drooping, as stock continues to in-
crease. Scented and Pekoe sorts met with little notice,
and are expected to be cheaper.
Elm—To-day the market for East India Rice again
presented a dull aspect, and of 5,509 bgs Arracan at
auction a part only sold at the low rates of 7s to 7s 6d,
and damaged Os to 7s; but chiefly at 7s 6d for sound.
Of Jamaica Arrowroot 848 tins sold at 44d to 70; 55
brls St. Vincents 4d to 4d; 6i brls Bermuda 10d; 203
bxs Maccaroni 2d to 4d; 300 brls Tapioca taken in at
2,id to 3id.
SPlCES.—Nutmegs are held with firmness, and wanted
at previous terms: sales privately of common and mid
sound brown have been made at 2s 3d to 2s 9d; better
sorts 2s 10d to 3s 9d; and low to fine limed Is 8d to 2s
8d per lb. Mace is in fair request, and realises 2s ld to
3s 7d for mid to good, and common ls 9d to 2s. Several
transactions have taken place in Cloves; Bourbon and
Zanzibar at 6id to 7d; Penang is to Is 3d; Amboyna
8d to 9d; at these rates there are not free sellers. The
Pepper market remains firm, and none has been sub-
mitted to auction this week. Privately, however, trans-
actions are to a fair extent by exporters and home
dealers; Penang realizing 3i-d, Sumatra, clean 3/c1
to 3id, Malabar, 3/d to 3id. These rates rather exceed
those of this time last year. In White a fair business
doing at, from 5/d to 8d for low to fine. Cayenne is still
wanted at is to 2s. Pod remains in small supply, with
several buyers at 55s to 65s per owt. Cassia Lignea
has been mere in request, and supply being even
less than previously, buyers have been compelled to pay
the advanced rates of 105 s to 114 s. Cassia Vera is
wanted at 485 to 545, and few parcels are to be obtained.
Prices for Buds now rule at 115 s to 120 s. The Cinna-
mon market remains in an active state; with sellers of
Ceylon at is 8d to 3s 4d for first sort, second ditto Is 3d
to 2s 4d; third and fourth at 9d to 2s per lb. This
afternoon the public sales of 300 pkgs Jamaica Ginger
went at lower rates; ord and good ord 44s to 565; mid
and good 62s to 82s. Of Pimento 147 bgs were taken
in at Sad per lb; 68 cases China preserved Ginger 7d.
SPIRITS.—There is no advance for Leeward Island
Rum, but the demand continues good at Is 5d to is 6d
proof, and supply remains moderate. For some parcels
of East India the rates paid are is 3id to is 4d proof, at
these terms there are not free sellers. Several trans-
actions have taken place in Demerara at 2s to 2s 4d for
30 to 40 per cent over proof, and a further increase in
demand is looked for. The market for Jamaica is firm,
and there is a good home trade and shipping demand:
previous terms are well supported. Fine quality 34 to
38 over proof realized 3s 2d to 4s 4d, good mid to good
32 to 34 over 2s 9d to 3s, low and mid 30 to 33 over 2s
6d to 25 Bd. Some parcels of Ilavannah have realised
Is ,2d to is 2iel proof. Brandy has been dealt in
with more freedom, still holders aro disposed to realize,
there being no decrease of stock. The rates taken
for Cognac best brands of the vintage of 1850 are 4s
4d to 4s 6d., 1849 ditto 4s 6d to 4s Bd, 1848 ditto 4s
lad to 55, older 5s 4d to 6s 6d, low and mid 2s 6d to
3s 6d, and Bordeaux 2s 2d to 2s 3d. Prices are firm
for British made Spirit at 9s 6d, and Gin for export at
2s 6d. Geneva is more in demand at is 7d to is Bd, and
fine is 9d to 2s. _ _ _

FRIIIT.—For good and fine Currants there are several
buyers at 36s to 435, but other sorts met a slow sale at
24s to 345. Raisins aro at present only in limited re-
quest; Valencia 27s to 28s, Belvidere 24s to 295, Elemo
33s to 365, Muscatels 36s to 603. A cargo of New
Valencia is near at hand.

SALTPETRE.—To-day Calcutta Saltpetre was operated
in with reluctance, and rather lower rates were taken.
Of 1,849 bags at auction about one-half found buyers;
refraction 4 to 4i per cent went at 28s to 28s 6d, 5i to
61 ditto 27s to 28s, 8 to 9i ditto, mid 26s to 26s 6d, 14
to 134 ditto 25s Gd to 265, and good 25s per cwt.
COCHINEAL.—This afternoon the public sales of 160
bgs Honduras Cochineal went off heavily at about
former rates, but the chief portion sold; ord to good
Black at 3s 6d to 4s 6d; low and ord Silver 2s lid to
3s, mid to good 3s Id to 3s 3d, fine 3s 4d to 3s sd. For
auction 350 bgs are declared.
INDlGO.—Although the large quantity of 16,694 chests
East India is already declared for auction on the 7th of
October; still a fair home trade and export demand
exists; the previous advance of 2d to 3d per lb. is also
supported; but the preference is chiefly for Madras and
good Bengal. There is a larger stock by 7,800 chests; and
accounts continue to come better from Calcutta with
respect to the crop. Although the market has been
freely supplied with Spanish, still an advance is apparent
of Id to 2d per lb for inferior and mid, whereas good
and fine realised full terms. The public sales comprised
550 chts Guatemala, and went briskly; Cortes, very lean
Copper. and Coppery, at is od to 3s 2d; mid to good,
with a few fine Sobres, 3s 6d to 5s Id per lb.
OILS.—Seal is not offered at any further reduction;
the trade, however, operate with reluctance, pale at 34/
to 341 13s, and other sorts 31/ to 334 of the former there
is a fair stock here. In Cod purchases are upon a small
scale, with sellers at 361 to 361 10s. Of Southern sup-
ply is rather more plentiful, and easier rates are ac-
ceded to, limited purchases having been made at 311
to 33/ for low to fine. With Sperm the market is
moderately supplied, and several transactions hove taken
place—fine British at 851 to 861, American 841 to 85/.
Headmatter is still wanted at 911 to 931. In Rape-seed
Oil transactions are upon a more extended scale, and
prices are firm—Foreign Refined at 34s 6d to 359,
British 30s to 33s 6d, brown 325, East India 31s to
31s Gd. Cocoa-nut is in limited supply, and a fair busi-
ness is doing; Cochin at 31s 6d to 33s 6d; Ceylon 31$
to 32s 6d, and there is a firm market. Palm is less
wanted, and rates are on the decline, there being sellers
of fine at 27s to 27s 61 Linseed Oil i 5
more
in request both for home consumption and
shipping; but crushers are disposed to sell at
32s 6d to 32s 9d on the spot, there being a fair supply.
For future delivery several contracts have been con-
cluded at 31s 6d to 31s 9d. There continues to be a
very good demand for Olive; holders have confidence,
and obtain for Gallipoli 401 to 41/, and other descriptions
381 13s to 391 lOs per tun. This afternoon, at public
sale, 200 hhds East India ground Nut:Oil mostly taken in
at 341; 25 ditto Gingelly Oil 321, cloudy 231 103 to 251 1 Os
per tun.
TALLow.—This afternoon the public sales of Tallow
went at firm rates; 410 pkgs South American selling at
35s to 378 Gd; 400 cks Sydney, Mutton 37s to 37s 9d;
Beef 36s to 378; 318 skins Ibrail 35s to 363 3d. Of
American Rosin 614 brls were taken in st 4s to 69.0 Of.
Montreal Ashes 300 brls in part sold; first sort at -Ss,
Pearl 308 to 30s 6d, damaged 19s to 293.

A VESSEL WREClEED.—According to the Guernsey
Comet, the pilot cutter Brisk, 15 tons (N.M.), went out last
Tuesday morning from St. Sampson's Harbour, for the pur-
pose of piloting vessels. The crew consisted of seven pilord a
ts,
one of whom, in the course of the day, was pus o boa
vessel for France. In the afternoon, about four o'clock, it
was blowing fresh from the N.E., the vessel being then some
considerable distance to the eastward of the Amphrocq, and
she was laid to. The watch was changed, and four of the
men went below to rest, the remaining two being left on
deck to take charge of the cutter. It appears, however, that
one of these subsequently went below to light his pipe, and
remained there. It is conjectured that he must have fallen
asleep, and the one left on deck must also have dropped into
the arms of Morpheus. The vessel, being laid to, made
good deal of lee way, and finally struck against the Longuea
Pierre Rock. The shock aroused the mariners from their
slumbers to a sense of their condition, but only too late to
an avert the impending ruin. Some of the sails, a portion
of other materials, were saved and placed upon the rock.
udsm Btianllkboiant, deepa and
The men, six in number, got into theira
shortly afterwards the cutter broke up
water.

DIRECT CALAIS AND MOOLTAN
RAIL IVA Y.
" COMMUNICATION BETWEEN GREAT BRITAIN AND
INDIA. TIME, FROM LONDON TO CALCUTTA, SEVEN
DAIS, WITHOUT STOPPAGES." Such is the announce-
ment which, in plain type and straightforward phrase,
lies now before us. To be sure, the information is
termed a prophecy, but, unlike most prophecies, it
fixes the exact period of its own fulfilment, and that
period is only 14 years distant. Moreover, the con-
summation is to be gradual, and every five years will
not only contribute its own realized portion of the
work, but give a pledge for the completion of the
rest. In sober truth the scheme exhibits not the first
visionary ideas of a projector, but the revised designs
of an engineer who has been for some time engaged
in maturing the means of the undertaking. About
two years ago we surprised our readers with the ori-
ginal prospectus of the "Direct Calais and Mooltan,"
and some doubts were, perhaps, entertained as to the
sericuseess of such an extraordinary suggestion.
Since that time, however, the scheme has been ac-
tually extended in its scope, ditcussed in its details,
approved in much of its purport, and so far advanced
that of the four great divisions of the route two have
been positively decided on, and are in present course
of completion.
To form a proper judgment on the character of this
enterprise, the reader should open some general map
including the continents of Europe and Africa, with
so much of Asia as would comprise the mouths of the
Ganges, and then follow our remarks, pencil in hand,
upon the sheet before him. The ancient route from
England to India was round the Cape of Good Hope
—a passage which was performed wholly by sea, and
which generally occupied of late years about 100 days.
In 1840 the first step of a new system had been taken
by turning the course straight to the east at the Gut
of Gibraltar, carrying it along the Mediterranean
Sea, across the Isthmus of Suez, down the Bed
Sea, and so over the Indian Ocean to Bombay, or
round Ceylon to Calcutta. Nor was this all, for by
traversing France from Calais to Marseilles the de-
tour round Cape St. Vincent—a detour exactly re-
sembling on a smaller scale that round the Cape of
Good Hope—was altogether escaped, and the route
assumed the appearance of a tolerably straight line
from Calais to Aden. It will be observed that this
gain had been effected partly by the division of the
voyage into stages, whereby steam power became
available, but more notably by the substitution of over-
land cuts for long sea circuits. Thus, the cut from
Calais to Marseilles saved the circuit round Spain,
and that across Egypt the vast circuit round the Cape.
Now, to put the matter concisely, this substitution
of land carriage for water carriage is the one simple
principle of the scheme before us, and the problem
is nothing more than this—how to eliminate from
the route between Marseilles and Calcutta those
portions which are still performed by sea, and sub-
stitute instead thereof seine means of transport by
land. Curiously enough, this is the exact reversal of
that invention which changed the face of history four
centuries ago. At that time the communication with
the East was by land, but land journeys were then
so painful and adventurous that the discovery of a sea
passage round the Cape at once diverted the course of
traffic to a route which it still steadily maintains.
At present, by the introduction of railroads, land
travel has become to sea voyages what sea voyages
were to inediteval caravans, and the consequence is
that Vasco di Gama's invention will be superseded in
its turn, and the traffic of the East will once more
be conducted through Constantinople, Augsburg,
and Cologne.
The sea stages of the present route to India, ;
ex-
clusive of the trip across the Channel, are two one
from Marseilles or Trieste to Alexandria, and the
other from Suez to Bombay or Calcutta. These stages
constitute by far the longest part of the journey, being
5,075 miles, performed by learners, from which an ave-
rage speed of some 10 miles an hour is all that can be
expected. The longer, again, of these two stages is that
from Suez to Hindostan, as it includes a circuit round
two sides of the triangular territory of Arabia. The
first object, therefore, is to treat the detour by Aden
as the detours by Cape St. Vincent and the Cape of
Good Hope have been treated already, and this is to
be done by carrying the passengers to the mouths of
the Orontes instead of the mouths of the Nile, and
forwarding them across the Turkish territory to Bus-
sorab, at the head of the Persian Gulf. The railroad
required for this purpose would run along the
Euphrates Valley, and its length would not exceed
900 miles—barely two-thirds of the extent just
executed in the little commonwealth of Massachusetts

—whereas its completion would reduce the distance
from London to Calcutta by more than one-half—by 20
days, in fact, out of 39! This project, it is conceived,
could be accomplished in five years' time, and the
route would then lie through Ostend, Trieste, by the
Mediterranean Sea, to the Orontes, thence to Bus-
sorab, and by the Persian Gulf to Bombay, were it
would meet the Indian railroads now actually com-
menced, and by that time completed to Calcutta.
We have thus got rid of the Red Sea circuit,
and substituted a land route for 900 miles of the
distance. There remain now, the straight run from
Bussorah to Bombay, and the circuitous reach from
Trieste to the Orontes, to be commuted for the
facilities of direct railway transit by land. Of these,
the latter is the first to be taken in hand, and its diffi-
culties are the less, as a continuous line of railway
from Ostend to Orsova, on the frontiers of the Turk-
ish empire, is already decided on. From Orsova to
Constantinople is only 345 miles; from Constantinople
to Bwsorah is about 1,355, of which 900 would be
already covered. The distances, in our English eyes
are undoubtedly great, but Americans have accom-
plished greater feats of railroad mechanism in coun-
tries where the natural obstacles were at least equal to
those likely to be encountered in Asia Minor. It is
suggested that the line should run round the coast of
the Asiatic Peninsula, and an estimate is given that
this communication between Constantinople and the
Orontes, completing that between the same city and
Bussorah, might be established by the year 1860. On
that assumption the total mileage of the route would
give 4,200 to railways and only 1,600 to steamers,
and the journey from London to Calcutta would oc-
cupy twelve days.
Here, perhaps, we might pause, for it is no mean
exploit to have brought Calcutta as near as New
York, and Beloochistan, we must needs think, would
be a strange country for even Irish " navigators."
The projector, however, is not yet content, and he al-
lows five years more for eliminating the Persian
Gulf and continuing the railway from Bussorah by
" the coast of Persia and Beloochistan" to the old ca-
pital of the Ameers—Hyderabad on the Indus, whence
the several branches of the Indian lines would soon
whisk the passenger to Bombay, Lahore, or Calcutta,
according to his wants, the latter station being ex-
actly 5,600 miles, or seven days' journey from the
booking-office of the company in Gracechurch-street.
This is the scheme. Its accomplishment involves the
completion, altogether, of some 5,600 miles of rail-
way ; but of these some 2,600 are actually decided
On, and in course of construction already ; and, if we
look to what has been done elsewhere, we may per-
haps think this Anglo-Saxon prophecy by no means
so impossible of fulfilment as it seemed at first.
It is a remarkable circumstances that the East
Indian lines, which we introduced to notice some four
years ago as undertakings in themselves of singular
novelty and boldness, should now have become the
most natural and practicable portions of a stupendous
whole. There is no more doubt about the line across
Hindostan than about the line across Hungary, and
this fact alone should lead ue to distrust our impres-
sions of a scheme so strange as that above described.
If the Indus Valley and the Nerbudda Valley are now
thought so readily passable for locomotives, who is to
say that the Euphrates Valley will not wear a lik.
aspect whenever our eyes shall have been onceraecperuesss
tomed to the work ? It is difficult, perhaps, to
a smile of incredulity at the thought of a
Calcutta,
drailway with
t
one terminus at Calais and the other at
e der
London and Edinburgh were once f
than Liverpool and New York are n.
perience should teach us to hesitate
n limiting theoicrt
' powers of

TiNGH—Axi.—Lace—lfery
week's report, and
STATE OF TRADE AT
few buyers have been here since
have been quite of a retail
what orders have been received
hitherto been no alteration in the price
character. There has
to advance speedily. Hosiery--
of yarn, but it is expected
dbusiness doing in our trade, but that
There is a very NciTour last
at this peeriod; the little there is done is
purchases. American orders for
expected in about a month, when more
igsenn oe
rt hal
inyg
nn unusualnii
n'lesir et n
, for workmen may be looked for; unfortunately,
employmen' f work, or are only partially employed at this
many are out o
trails is rather more than commonl
' The glove
the spring trade
y de-
s season. Tjhe_pricle of yarn remains nominally
pressedNottznyham ou, ma .
of earthquake A slight shockwas felt at Naples in
afternoon of the 14th, which lasted a few seconds, and
the
was followed by another shock in about two hours after.
thessnia: this
COLLIERV ACCIDENTS PREVENTION .—A public
meeting of inhabitants of the Staffordshire Potteries was
held in the Town Hall, Hanley, in compliance with a
numerous and respectably-signed requisition to the chief
bailiff, J. H. Clementson, Esq., who presided on the occasion,
and a series of resolutions were unanimously passed with re-
ference to the prevention of colliery accidents. The large
room was crowded during the greater part of the evening,
and the number of persons present were about 1,000. ,13
A RUSSIAN STEAMER.. Imperial Majesty
paddle-steamer Pruth, Captain Lidiansk, Mr- .I.,,t,riu_esr PI,-
tliews, realer, arrived from Liverpool at Illillbayu '
Birkenhead,
mouth, on Saturday. She was constructed at
tons
burthen,
by Mr. Laird, and is a very fast vessel,
iron-built, and adopted for passengers, towing,c
she an be steered
pur-
pose:,. Having a rudder at each end,
without turning through the narrow channelswith
the Black Sea. After being
requirements, through Mr. Luc.eo
she sailed hence for Odessa.— supecoa,
GREAT NORTBERN 1-I,AiLWany, which run into
coal and other
3°9 or war pur-
b the Russian Consul,
1 Mercury.
ee Odessa.--Lire,
AL—Excursin trains
s line along the Royal
are about to be run on this
Edinburghclmip—The old house at the
IMPROVE TILE Svat.FEnisii,
is
now,
I observe, in course
corner of John-street,. Pall-mall,
to Scotland, reaching
Ts. on the same evening.
If t
of' destruction. g that narrow and dangerous paSsage
will be lost of
wi-deneluare to Pall-mall, which may not occur
this house is to be rebuilt, an opportunity
from St. Jaine,s'',-ca( (4.,..kaikier.
again Or 1311143 J d