The Sun.
London, England, 1833-09-14 00:00:00

STEAM TRIP TO WINDSOR

The following account of the steam trip to Wind-
sor, has been standing over for want of space, but
we are not sorry for it now, as it gives us the oppor-
tunity of inserting with it an explanatory letter from
Colonel Macerone.

Saturday morning, at ten minutes before eleven, a
steam-carriage, constructed by Colonel Macerone and Mr.
Squire, started from the wharf, No. 19, at Paddington,
with a view of running to Windsor and back. The car-
riage contained, including Colonel Macerone, Mr. Squire,
who guided it, and two working engineers, one to look
after the fire behind, and one riding on the box before,
eleven persons, and might weigh about 31- tons. The
place of starting is about one mile from Hyde Park-corner,
making the distance to Windsor twenty-four miles. The
carriage has, we understand, been running about in the
neighbourhood of Paddington for some time; and there-
fore, on leaving the yard, excited no great attention. It
was accompanied on horseback by Mr. Ogle, a gentleman
well known as having invented a steam-boiler, which he
has applied to locomotive carriages with considerable suc-
cess. He kept up with the steam-carriage about twenty
minutes, when, being satisfied by what he saw, that this
was likely to he a successful experiment, and finding that
it woull breathe his horse to gallop on, he gave it up, and
left it to pursue its way unattended. The carriage stopped
at Turnham-green to take in water, which, as there was
no contrivance for accelerating the operation, took up six
minutes. It again stopped about six miles further on,
for the same purpose, and was delayed seven minutes.
On reaching a place called Middle-bridge, about a mile on
the London side of Colnbrook, the road, precisely on the
rise of the bridge, had recently been covered four inches
deep with loose stones, and the steam not being at that
moment very strong, owing to a little negligence on the
part of the stoker, the carriage stopped. The steam was,
in fact, not sufficiently powerful to make the carriage
overcome the obstacle, and it was not without the assist.
ante of the gentlemen in it that it was got over the
bridge. There were one or two other trifling stoppages
afterwards on the road, and including them all, the carriage
reached the New Inn at Windsor in two hours anti fifty-six
minutes. Including stoppages, it went at the rate of
nearly eight miles an hour. Excluding the stoppages, it
travelled at the rate of twelve miles an hour. The time
was carefully marked between the milestones; and it was
found that the speed was at the rate of 10; 12, 13, 11,
and at one time 14 miles per hear. After remaining at
Windsor for an hour and 46 minutes, where the carriage
attracted great attention, it was again started for London,
and set off in grand style. It was soon found, however,
that proper precautions bad not been used at Windsor to
keep up the fire, and clear out the fireplace, and before
reaching the first halting-place the fire got low, and the
steam diminished much in power. Nevertheless, the
carriage ran on at the rate of sn,en, eight, and nine
miles per hour ; and notwithstanding sundry stoppages
to take in water, as well as on account of little acci-
dents, chiefly owing to a want of care on the part of the
workmen, it reached Hammersmith o❑ its way hack to
London about hal(-past six o'clock, when the hind axletrte
broke, and its further progress was suddenly arrested.
The steam, which at the last halting-place had been well
got ❑p, was immediately let off, and the rush startled and
alarmed the people in the neighbourhood, who were UMW,.
quaiuted with its effects. This was, indeed, rather a
striking scene, for care was taken the instant the carriage
stopped to rake the fire out in the ro id, which, with the
crowd, and the escaping steam, caused general astonish-
ment, and perhaps a little fright. With this exception,
we are bound to say that no carriage could be less alarming
or more safe. Even the breaking of the axletree caused
no concussion, and the passengers alighted without the
least hurry or injury. We look upon this experiment,
notwithstanding the sundry little disasters the carriage tint t
with, and notwithstanding the final break down, all of
which were disasters of practical detail, not of principle—
the cause of which, in a repetition of the experiment, will
be remedied—as setting completely at rest the doubtful
question, whether steam-carriages can be advantageously
propelled on common roads. If a journey of twenty.four
miles can be performed, why not a thousand such journies,
and why not journies of thrice or ten times the number of
miles ?

The merit of the invention consists, we understand, in
the boiler. The engine, of course, is of the high pressure
kind, and has generally been worked at the pressure of
lsDlbs. to the square inch; but, on the trip to Windsor,
the pressure was not equal to that. The whole of the
machinery, except the boiler and fire-place, which are
behind the chariot, is placed horizontally beneath the car-
riage, and between a strong frame of wood work. The
size of the whole is not greater than that of an omnibus,
and the carriage is capable of being made ornamental. In
conclusion, we must say, that we look upon the employ-
ment of steam-carriagi a on common roads as one of the
inventions, now in progress, which are calculated to effect
a great change in the condition of our people, and, indeed,
of all mankind.

. To the EDITOR of the MORNING CHRONICLE.
SIR,—I beg to return you my thanks for your having
taken the trouble to notice our steam trip to Windsor of
last Saturday, the account of which is given with sim-
plicity and truth. I do not now address you for the pur-
pose of emendation, far less contradiction, but merely for
the purpose of some little explanation, which may be ne-
cessary for the proper understanding of those who are
unacquainted with the nature of locomotive carriages. It
is truly stated that the speed of the carriage varied from
fourteen to nine and even eight miles per hour ; this was
in consequence of no fuel being supplied to the fire du-
ring the progress of the carriage from one station to the
other, being thrown in all at once, the fire was thereby
deadened for many minutes. It would be useless for me
to explain here the why and the wherefore of this misma-
nagement. All I say is, that it will not occur again.
We stuck fast fur some minutes on the bridge, in ten
inches (not " four") depth of shingles—not for want of
power, but from having only one wheel locked to the
axle. The lever to move the clutch into the other wheel
was wanting. The one wheel spun round in the shin-
gles—the both would have held. In fact, but for misma-
nagement, the one only would have held, as was evinced
by our rapid return over the same bridge, which was as
deeply laid with shingles on one side as on the other, and
they were actually laid during the interval of our first
passing
erro
error in
n yourstatementreturn.
of
fe r e i
thes,
tbryi
ptliteo
Winozeor,l i
at nle
that is wherein you say that " steam-carriages can be
worked for thirty per cent. less than common carriages."
I do not know what it may cost to work other steams
carriages, but it is essential that you should be informed
that in our journey to Windsor and back (48 miles), we
did not consume so much as five sacks of coke, which, at
two shillings a sack, makes ten shillings, the expense of
propelling a carriage which is capable of carrying many
more passengers, besides leggsge, than a four horse stage-
coach. The difference in the expense then is—steam-
coach three pence (or four pence, if you please) per mile ;
four horses, for common coach, how much—three shil-
lings, or two shillings and sixpence, shall we say, per
mile? Two men are required for a steam-coach—two
also for a horse-coach. What the cost for the
repairs of a horse-coach amount to, I do not
know; but this I know, and can prove also, that we
have run our steam-coach above fifteen hundred miles
without ever having had occasion for the slightest
repair whatever, either to the machinery or the boiler;
as it has come home, so it has gone out again—day after
day—week after week—month after month ; nothing but
a rag and a little oil being ever applied to it ! We have
never once been stopped on the road through any derange-
mentedwkee rvieitherv_ne waggons,
or
aifn)siyttoaowcf %
1,1
ate,
cahr thea machinery or boiler. You may cer-
tainly say that the breaking of the axletree was a dead
y
well
es,ra,nr
t
their
eair
saieasnlogtvdafesgpense,oa:ypaci
newspapers
rrtshrhiaeaesvgemoersfye:
re
week,
eei
epnakrst
eavimnne
cdueesnst!
soswuchffiaailrelerhiieasfingoternistdys,
prove. The why and the wherefore of our axletree
assuring you that it shall never
break again, it is unnecessary for me to detail in this
Our " final break down," as you say, was cer-
tainly a disaster ; but I do not know what is meant by
the other " sundry little disasters the carriage met with."
This term " disaster" can hardly be applied to the periodi-
cal dimunition of the speed for want of fit e, or even to
the detention of the carriage for a few minutes on a bill of
shingles. I say " shingles," because the stuff, as any one
may see, is far too large to be called gravel, besides being
perfectly unbroken and smooth. However, I dare say the
word " disastrous" was a mere slip of the pen, except with
reference to the breaking of the axletree ; and, after all,
we accomplished the distance in less time than is employed
by the horse soul].
What we shall do, and what our speed will be, so soon
as we can possibly put a new axletree to the carriage,
the public will see; meantime, I will only just mention
what we have done, and that within this month past. We
have repeatedly run five miles out and five miles home,
either on the Harrow or the Edgware-road (both hilly)
in forty minutes. We have repeatedly run two miles iu
siz minutes; and the three miles which include the wind-
mill and another hill beyond Kilbourn, in ten minutes.
Last Monday we did one mile in two minutes and a half;
but it is unnecessary for me to say more at present—in a
few days, doings will better answer the purpose. How-
ever, I must not forget to state, that for corroboration of
these facts, I caa refer the sceptical, if any there be, to

several highly respectable gentlemen who rode with us
on the occasions referred to; such as Captain W. Sandon,
R.N., Mr. Hullm indel and Mr. Walton, of Great Marl-
borough.street, Mr. Valiance, the engineer, Mr. Cort, Mr.
Ward, and many others.

As it is not po,sible for me this evening to make out so
many copies of this letter as to enable me to address one
to the Editors of each of the papers in which the "Steam
Trip to Windsor" has appeared, I take the liberty of re-
questing the Editors of the said Papers to have the good-
ness to insert this letter, as though I bad had time to
address it to each of them individually.—l have the
honour to be, Sir, your obedient humble servant,

FRANCIS MACERONE.

Wharf No. 19, Paddington•green. Srpt. 9, 1833.

. . -
P.S. I have forgotten to mention, when speaking of
the comparative cost of running steam or horse coaches,
that the former are exempted from all tax, while the latter
have to pay three-pence or more per mile ; which alone,
as I have shown above, is equal to the whole cost of the
steam coach's propelling power—the fuel ! Lord Althorp
positively assured us, i❑ the House of Commons i❑ July
1832, that he exempted steam-carriages on common roads
from all tax, for the sake of encouragement—" not that
he was very sanguine as to their being speedily brought to
answer." As it is we pay turnpikes equally to a four-
horse coach, although we have no horses feet to pound up
the road, and our broad, vertical, cylindrical wheels do it
more good than harm.

A STEAM-CARRIAGE TRIP TO
BRIGHTON.

On Wednesday morning, shortly after after five o'clock,
Mr. Walter Hancock, the patentee of the Paddington
Steam Omnibus, started front his factory at Stratford, io
Essex, with his steam•carriage " infant," for Brighton.
On arriving at London Bridge, he (Mr. Hancock) was
joined by six gentlemen, his friends, who took their seats
iu the carriage, and at six o'clock, the word " ready"
being given, the carriage, which was guided by Mr.
Hancock himself, proceeded at a most rapid rate, and
reached Brighton without the slightest accident or ob•
struction. It was at first the intention of Mr. Hancock
to have returned from Brighton on the same day ; but
owing to the want of proper arrangements on the road,
and being obliged to take up water at whatever place it
could be found, considerable time was lost. This circum-
stance, together with a wish on the part of the friends of
the projector to stop a night at Brighton, induced Mr.
Hancock to aster his intentions, and he, with his friends,
after one or two stages, determined on remaining at
Brighton on that night. So that the remainder of the
journey the gentlemen enjoyed themselves by lunching
and dining on the road, and in consequence they did not
reach Brighton until a quarter before four o'clock.
Making allowances fur the stoppages before alluded to,
and notwithstanding the heavy and unfavourable state
of the reads from the wet on the morning, and the im-
mense lofty hill it had to encounter, the carriage per-
formed the journey much within the six hours; so that
had proper arrangements been made, it would have per-
formed the task of going to Brighton and returning on
the same day. On arriving opposite St. Peter's Church,
immense crowds of persons assembled to see the vehicle.
Among those who appeared to take a lively interest in
the project was the venerable the Earl of Westmorland,
who conversed for some time with Mr. Hancock, about
the journey, and the power and action of the machine.

Many gentlemen requested Mr. Hancock, for the gra-
tification of the Brightonians and its numerous visitors, to
guide the machine through some of the principal streets,
but Mr. H. fearing, from the vast crowds that had as-
sembled, and the number of carriages driving about, that
some accident might have occurred, declined doin4 so then,
but promised that he would devote a part of the fallowing
day for that purpose. His intention was soon known all
over the town, and the utmost curiosity was excited,
particularly as the carriage was the first that hart
ever reached Brighton from London on the same day.
On Thursday, at 12 o'clock, the carriage was propelled
at a gentle pace from the new yard, where it had been for
the night, to the tank near the New Church, where it took
in a necessary supply of water there. Several scientific gen-
tlemen then took their seats in the carriage, and the steam
being laid on, the vehicle set off at a most rapid rate to-
wards the Pavilion, and having passed several of the
leading streets, reached the West Cliff in a few minutes,
and passed along it in the most gallant style, the houses
on each side of the street, and the streets through which
it passed, being lined with crowds of spectators. After
passing along Bedford and Russell squares, and just as it
bad reached the bottom of the latter, a portion of the
machine, called the clotch, from age and wear, gave way,
and this causing the blower out of order, the machine in a
short time bad to be stopped, but not the slightest injury
Was done to the carriage or engines ; and in the course of
the afternoon the carriage was removed to the yard of
Messrs. Palmer and Co., where the injury was repaired,
and it was the intention of Mr. Hancock to drive through
the town yesterday.

THE ARTS.—It is understood that the
superb collection of pictures in the Grand Gallery at
Bridgewater House, Cleveland-row, is not to be removed
to the gallery at York House, the magnificent mansion of
the Duke of SUTHERLAND, in St. James's-park. The
late Marquess of STAFFORD, on particular days, allowed
access to the gallery to respectable persons, who received
tickets for the purpose, which certainly was a great treat,
as the collection is the finest in the country ; but a
national gallery would be of more advantage to the arts,
because artists would have the opportunity and the per-
mission, in the same manner that they hive in the Louvre
in Paris, of making drawings from the pictures, and im-
proving themselves in their profession. Such an oppor-
tunity for studying is much wanted in this country,
where historical painting is little practised, and not suffi-
ciently cultivated, while the English School has long been
distinguished and taken the lead in portrait painting,
which, however, is of little importance to the public, and
" only interesting to the parties concerned."

Mr. BARHAM Livius has engaged an Eng-
lish company to proceed to Germany, in the spirit, we
suppose, of reciprocity for the encouragement we have
afforded the German troop here the last two seasons.
Amongst the engagements are—ELLEN TREE, herself a
host, and who will give the Germans a favourable opinio❑
of the English stage at the outset; Mr. F. ITINItqc, and
Wiwams, of the Adelphi ; CHATMAN is to be stage-
manager ; SHERIDAN KNOWLES and WALLACE are to
form part of the company, who open at Harnburgh at the
close of October. Miss TREE and Mr. KilowLEs,
who have had a very successful provincial trip, are on
their way to town, taking Yarmouth and Cambridge in
tbeir route.

EXTRAORDINARY PROOF OF ATTACH-
MENT.---A very recent instance, which has occurred in
this city (Kilkenny), shows that much of the enthusiastic
warmth that marked the character of Scotland in lees
civilised times, still continues to distinguish it ; and that
while it has acquired the polish and more than the intel-
lectual light of the surrounding countries, it has not lost
the devoted feeling and high tone of ardent friendship
which caused its nobles and gentry to stake their lives and
fortunes for the descendant of their Princes. A native of
Large, in that county (a Mrs. Fife, wife to one of the Earl
of Glasgow's wood-rangers), was in the habit of supply-
ing an officer and his family with cheese, butter, milk, and
articles of that description ; she met with much civility
from them, and on different occasions obliging attention,
and a mutual kind feeling subsisted. The family were
subsequently removed, and the gallant officer died in Eng-
land, which occasioned his widow and children to return
to this their native city. Their humble friend had heard
of every change, and sympathised in their lose to such a
degree that, although 70 years of age, she quitted her
family and friends, from whom she bad never before been
parted, to visit them, and with her finest cheese on her
back, repaired to the coast and set sail for Ireland. She
landed in Belfast, from which she set off on foot fur Kil.
kenny (a distance 170 English miles), and was repaid for
all her fatigues and privations by seeing once more the
family so dear to her. She presented them with her
burden—the cheese, the only substantial proof she could
give of her affection. This excellent and single-hearted
old woman suffered so much from a sore foot, occasioned
by her long and fatiguing journey, that she would have
been prevented from seeing any thing worthy of note here
had she a taste for such things; but it appears that no-
thing could have given her so much pleasure as the lei-
sure time she had for the perusal of the Sacred Scrip-
tures, which she said her business at home prevented ber
from studying as constantly as she would wish. The
disregard of the Sabbath in this country, particularly in
Dublin, struck her with unfeigned astonishment :—" A
fair on Sunday !" she exclaimed, alluding to that of Don-
nybrook. She was unable to remain longer than three or
four days from her business and family, and left this on
Thursday to return to her home, from which she never
before bad been distant more than 20 miles ! The jour-
neys on foot of Elizabeth of Siberia and Jeannie Deans of
Scotland, make them the objects of our wonder and ad-
miration ; but, when we consider that they were in the
prime of life, and the motives they had in view to gain all
that was valuable for those most dear to them on earth,
we may think that the poor cheesemaker of Large would
have made the same exertions to accomplish the same
objects..—Moderator.

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

It would appear, from the Berlin Official
Gazelle of the 6th instant, that his Majesty
the Emperor of Russia had reached Schwedt,
on the Oder, the previous day, and that he had
narrowly escaped shipwreck in attempting the
passage from St. Petersburgh to Stettin by
steam-boat. He had been tossed for three days
in the Gulf of Finland (from the 28th to the 31st
ult.). and had been at last obliged to put back to
St. Fetersburgh, whence he made the journey by
land. In the interval of uncertainty which pre-
vailed as to his fate, we find that some of the
French liberal journals had actually given him a
watery grave in the neighbourhood of Dantsic,
and seemed to think that his death " by the
visitation of God," would have some effect on
the anticipated Congress and the destinies of
Europe. Popular feeling, which among all
nations connects signal calamities with atrocious
offences, might well ascribe the supposed ship-
wreck of the Czar at the mouth of the Vistula

to the wrath of Providence for the wrongs of
Poland. The fury of the tempest would
thus have avenged the cruelties of the sword,
and Nicholas would have expiated in part
the enormous sins of his Court and of his na-
tion. The unholy object of aggravating op-
pression or undermining freedom, with which
he had set out to join the Congress, might like-
wise, in the opinion of such popular enthusiasts,
have been retarded or interrupted by the disap-
pearance of the chief actor in the conspiracy,
and thus the double end of justice might have
been at once answered by the punishment and
prevention of crimes. But though such feelings
are natural and just, we must take the liberty
to say that they appear to us grounded on a
wrong view both of the personal character of
the Czar, and of the effect of his demise on the
measures of his Government. It is an error to
suppose that the efforts employed to subjugate
Poland after its late glorious insurrection, or the
total abandonment of every principle of go-n 1
faith, justice, or humanity by the Russian au«
thorities, evinced in its oppression after the cap-
ture of Warsaw, are due alone to the personal
interference of the Czar, or would have been
prevented by a change of Sovereign. His Mus-
covite Majesty is only an instrument in the
hands of a semi-barbarous nobility or demo-
ralized aristocracy, whose ambition of aggran-
dizement and extent of corrupt power far exceed
their capacity for peaceful improvement, or their
advances in regular civilization ; and though he
were dead to-morrow, or had perished appro-
priately at the mouth of the Vistula, the policy
of his empire would remain unaltered. It is
the system on which he acts, and which he did
not create, but which he inherited from hio
family along with his sceptre, that the enor-
mous evil and danger lies, against which
civilized Europe ought to guard and pro-
vide. That system, like his sceptre, has
bee❑ transmitted to him through several
generations, and remains unmitigated in its ra-

-pacious character—unchanged -in its hideou3
lineaments. It has within recent memory been
swayed with powerful and fatal effect by the hand
of a woman. It has passed unaltered through
the grasp of a madman, whom it first rendered
insane by excess of power, and whom it then
assassinated from excess of fear. It was after-
wards guided by a philosophical pretender, and
a mock philanthropist—it had nearly fallen into
the possession of a brutal savage, whose barba-
rous oppressions excited the Poles to their late
gallant resistance—and it is now managed by
the polished and hypocritical despot whose
efforts have been directed to abolish the very
name and national existence of Poland, as the
greatest obstacles to its further triumphs. In all
these cases the system of the Russian Govern-

rent was and is the same, though modified a
little according to times and circumstances, and
conducted with more or less vigour by succes-
sive instruments. This system is one of insati-
able ambition, and restless, malignant activity.
It possesses a kind of omnipresence for mischief
and intrigue. It has its agents and its eyes
everywhere, and never misses an opportu-
nity of promoting its selfish objects. It appears
at the same time, in the waters of the Bosphorus
to oppress the Sultan with its protection, and on
the Danube to strip him of his provinces. It
peoples Siberia with its victims, under the pre-
text of a love of order, and confiscates Polish
property from pretended motives of religion and
humanity. It endeavours to foment troubles in
France from a regard to legitimate succession, and
prevents the pacification of the Netherlands from
a regard to treaties which it has broken in
Poland. Crossing the Pyrennees, it dictates to
the Royalist faction at Madrid projects of civil
war, while it encourages usurpation in Portugal.
It assumes all shapes, and professes all doctrines,
to attain its ends,—pious and puritanical under
the Emperor Alexander a mighty maker and
frequenter of congresses, to preserve peace by
exciting crusades against constitutional order; for-
swearing conquest under Nicholas, and yet robbing
the Turk of his political independence and his best
provinces ; professing the maxims of freedom in
Greece and confiscating all the liberties and rights of
Poland to its Muscovite jealousy and vengeance.
We are no alarmists on the subject of Russian
power : we even believe that it has been grossly
exaggerated both by its friends and its enemies,
as we have seen that in the two last wars against
Turkey and Poland the Government of the Czar
could not collect 100,000 men on one point in
one campaign ; but such an eager pursuit of
influence, and such a restless spirit of aggran-
dizetnent,—such a perpetual interference in po-
litical affairs beyond its own frontiers,—such
continued efforts to encourage factions hostile to
the internal order of other states,—such an in-
quisitive system of intrusion in the diplomatic
concerns of the whole world,—in short, such a
disposition to embroil Europe—to encourage
wars for suppressing freedom, for retarding
civilization, or making conquests—ought to be
watched with extreme jealousy, and resisted
with resolute vigour. If Russian power does
not inspire terror, such arts at least must create
uneasiness, and must prevent confidence in the
continuance of peace. They, in short, are a
nuisance which ought to be abated.—Times.
The sympathy between the Radicals and the
Conservatives has been ofien a subject of re-
mark, but we never saw it more strikingly or
amusingly manifested than in some of the pa-
pers of yesterday. Mr. Faithfull, one of the
representatives for Brighton, it would appear,
took it into his head, at a public dinner given
imn
skt ,Hake to the Members for that borough,
very violent and absurd speech against
Re-
form Ministry, against the Reform Parliament,
e~'efYliocls'? save and
and against everything and .
this probably his admksion into
except Mr. Faithfull himself .
• and his friendsthe 1 e
-;
A nt merit of calling
but he had the transcendent
the Cabinet
tion,
the Conservative Club would be voted by ac-
clamation. Now, we must say that these Con-
and for" a vagab"d Adn

respect to the character and opinions of their
associates, provided they agree in one thing—a
sturdy hatred, and an adventurous abuse, of
the existing Government. The institutions of the
country, which stand between the parties, as if to
prevent their fraternal embrace, are nothing
when they have this common object in view.
The Church is nothing—the monarchy is
nothing—religion is nothing. Into their Con-
servative army, for offensive operations against
the Administration, recruits of all kinds are re-
ceived, and no questions as to character are
asked. They may be Jew or Gentile, Dissenter
or Churchman, Infidel or Believer, Royalist or
Republican. 1 his same Mr. Faithful), for in-
stance, who is now considered a champion in
the Conservative cause, for no other reason than
because he abuses the ‘Vhigs for acting too
much on Conservative principles, last Session
made a speech in the House of Commons for
pulling down the English Church ; and, be-
cause the House e ould not just consent to pull
down the Church without further ceremony, the
Hon. Member for Brighton now finds that the
said House is not half reformed ! Yet his
speech is now emblazoned in the Tory prints
with more care than Lord Eldon's last weeping
oration. Such are the blind excesses of factious
rage, which would provoke our laughter did
they not awaken a stronger feeling of com-
passion.— Times.
Mr. Cobbett, in his Register of this day,
seems bent on the destruction of the Church—
first, because it has not answered its purpose by
holding the people in the bond of faith ; and
next, because the establishment being a hotbed
for breeding gentlemen and ladies, the necessity
of obtaining provision for their children makes
them servile tools of all who have the disposal
of the public money. Mr. Cobbett, it appears,
thinks that all would be right if the clergy were
not allowed to marry, and has taken it into his
bead that " it is the only establishment in the
world, or that there ever was in the world, the
priests of which are allowed to marry."
Though Mr. Cobbett be a Church historian, he
is not over familiar with ecclesiastical matters.
Marriage is allowed to the priests of the Greek
Church—a very large divisicn of the Christian
world—to say nothing of the Protestant churches
of France, Germany, Scotland, Switzerland,
Holland, Sweden, Denmark, and Norway. But
marriage is, even in the Catholic Church, a
matter of discipline, and not of doctrine ; and
the strict prohibition of marriage of Catholic
priests goes no farther hack than the time of
Gregory VII. That ambitious Pope did not
certainly prohibit marriage in order to prevent
the quartering of children of priests on the peo-
ple, but because a married priest could not devote
himself to the interests of his corporation with the
intense and exclusive feeling of the man who has
no other cares to distract him. But it may be
true that a priesthood must, more or less, be
disposed, for the sake of placing out their chil-
dren to become slavish supporters of all who
have the command of the public money. We
suspect, however, that Mr. Cobbett greatly over-
rates his powers of persuasion if he thinks that
he can ever make the people of England in love
with an unmarried priesthood. But though we
cannot prevent a clergyman with a large hunily
from being servile, if the Parliament do its duty
we may expect tlrat an economical administra-
tion of the public money will secure the public
against that servility. What Mr. Cobbett says
of the Clergy applies with equal force to the
Aristocracy of the country. An economical
expenditure of the public money will, however,
in time cut up the Aristocracy by the roots.
`We defy all the Aristocracies in the world to
perpetuate themselves without the aid of an ex-
travagant expenditure. Landowners have fami-
lies, like other people, and they have affection
for their children ; and nature, in making no
distinction between rich and poor in this respect,
has sufficiently provided for the due distribution
of property. We have not a doubt that a
Reformed Parliament will in time secure us
against the Aristocracy and the Church, which
is bound up with the Aristocracy, and has
assisted to produce the glaring inequality of pro-
perty in England, which is the cause of so many
evils. We may observe, that to judge from the
copiousness of the abuse in the present Register,
Cobbett is beginning to be himself again.
During the Session he was quite overlaid.
People have been so long accustomed to his ex-
travagant igotism and his racy abuse, that the
absence of his weekly exhibitions was a sort of
calamnity. The Scotchman reconciled himself
to his wile's flying (scolding), because when a
woman ceased tojlyte, it was all over with her.
But for the edification of our readers we sub-
join the first fruits of his reviving energy, for
which the Church will no doubt feel due gra
titude

" It is clear, from all that we behold, that the Church,
as by law established, has not answered, or at least that
it does not now answer, the purposes for which it was in-
tended. It does not hold the people in the bond of faith ;
it does not promote peace and good will: but, on the con-
trary, creates eternal divisions and feuds, while it con.

sumes uselessly a large part of the produce of the land,
and takes from the farmer the means of giving you, the
labourers, wages sufficient fur you to support your
wives and children. 13esicles, this establishment is a hot-
bed for breeding ladies and gentlemen, who must be
kept without work all their lives, somehow or other;

and taxed must be raised, and are raised upon you,
and upon all of us, to pay them salaries, stipends, pen-
sions, or something or other. This is so now, and it
must be so as long as this establishment shall exist. The

sons of the parsons are, for the far greater part, kept by
the public in some shape or other ; the husbands of the
daughters are kept in the same way; they engross the
offices, and the employments, and shut out the sons of
farmers and tradesmen. Ido not blame the Government
for this, for, in the nature of things it must be so; it is
a necessary effect of the estaL,lisbnient. It is the only
establishment in the world, or that there ever was in the
world, the priests of which are allowed to marry. Wher-
ever there are priests paid by the public, they are not
allowed to marry ; and it is clear that they ought not to
be so allowed ; for, otherwise, what is it but to tax the
people to keep a race of men and women to breed persons
to be maintained by the public, and to take away from all
he industrious classes the chance, even the ebance, of
sharing in the honours and powers of the country ? It is,
in short, an establishment which makes the people keep
fathers and mothers, that they may breed children for

them to keep also. And such a thing never was heard of
before in the whole world.

" My friends, labourers of England, there is a Parson
of the name of Alalthus, who has written a book to show
that you breed too last ; and in order to check your breed-
ing, he proposes that, if you be married, you shall have
no relief from the parish, but shall be left to starve. The
Scotch and Irish place-hunters, whe live, or want to live,
on your labour, applaud this parson Malthus to the skies,
and so do our pensioners and parsons. But neither Mal-
thus, nor any of his crew, ever propose to check the
breeding of the parsons and the pensioners! Think of that.
They grudge you, who make all the food, clothing, houses,
and itiel—they grudge you parish relief—hut they do not
grudge to parsons and pensiolnneerts,rpuaffiidanosuit 01f. thethre e
not
a just and taxes
raised on you ! Oh,
merciful God;
the i
andnso is his hand for ever to be
stayed ? The ruffians have seen, of late years, a million
and a half of guineas given by the Parliament, out of the
taxes, for the relief of the
Clergy of tie Church of
England ;' they know that
poryooupay
alarg e part of these
taxes; and yet they would refuse you relief in eases even

of the ex tremest distress."
In like manner, as on the question of the
celibacy of priests, Mr. Cobbett displays his

question of Corporate Reform. If a liberal
Ministry continue Tories in office, Mr. Cob-
bett protests and abuses ; if they select men of
liberal, or even Radical political opinions, to
accomplish or clear the way for necessary re-
forms, Mr. Cobbett vilifies their promoters, and
denounces those honourably appointed to useful
station. His notions of Corporation Reform
are very curious, and still more ridiculous:—
" Gracious God ! Why, the persons to perform this
task ought to have been profound lawyers ; lawyers
thoroughly skilled in all the ancient laws and customs of
the kingdom ; in tenures of every description ; in the
rights still retained of all the guilds and fraternities and
chartered establishments. Two men, at least, of this de-
scription, associated with magistrates well know❑ for
their impartiality, and deeply interested in the well-being
of the kingdom ; such a commission, having the most
learned of the Judges occasionally to advise with, is what
ought to have been, and without any regard whatsover to
any of the distinctions of party politics."
Mr. Cobbett would have two musty antiquaries
—a few Magistrates and Judges, employed to in-
vestigate the state and amend our municipal
institutions ; that is to say, he would entrust
their reformation to the very persons whom he
has all his life represented as the patrons of
Corporate abuses ! Mr. Cobbett the❑ pours
out his last vial of wrath on the members of
the Corporation Commission, and especially on
Mr. Parkes, whose name has been long actively
associated with the cause of Reform in times
preceding the administration or probable rule of
the Whigs, and whose publications on the laws
and judicial institutions of his own country and
Republican America are some proof of his
honest capacity and competency. Indeed the
nomination of the Commissioners to revise the
Criminal and Statute Law, and to investi-
gate the present state of Corporations, is
justly regarded as the most honourable
act of the present Administration,—the
names of Mr. Starkie, Mr. John Austin,
Mr. Amos, Mr. Blackburne, Mr. Serjt. Perrin,
Mr. Bingham, Mr. Charles Austin, Mr. Henry
Roscoe, Mr. Rushtons, Mr. Parkes, and in-
deed of all the gentlemen on the Commissions,
being proof of the political intentions of the
Government, and security for an effective and
popular result. We believe we are rightly in-
formed that the Irish Corporation Commission
is half composed of Catholic barristers, some of
them even " Repealers," selected for their pro-
fessionsl ability and political sentiments. Such
is the Ministerial demonstration of real and
practical reforms, gratefully received by the
country. which Mr. Cobbett denounces in that
habitual style of vituperation, which in rotation
lie indulges in against all public men—indeed
all men, save one, with whom he is never out
of conceit, namely, himself. It is by this habit
and vice of contemptible detraction and vulgar
prejudice that he has long lost all moral station
as a political writer, and is read only by those
ho estimate his real power, and are amused by
his command ofthe vulgar tongue at the same time
but despise his prejudices and slanders. Like
the man who, under the lash, was dissatisfied
whether the drummer hit high or low, we
may observe, that Mr.Cobbett hates some commis-
sions because they are paid, and others because
they are unpaid. In short, hating with him is the
great matter; and one reason serves his turn as
well as another. It is not astonishing that Mr.
Cobbett should revile Mr. Spring Rice, Sir
Robert Peel, and the Members of the Reformed
House of Commons, among whom, as a senator
and logician, he speedily found his level, as all
such persons do in a representative assembly;
but it is somewhat unnatural that any man,
excepting Mr. Cobbett, should spend a long
public life, now drawing to a close, in constant
enmity to those most nearly approximating to
his own popular opinions.We remember hearing ii
observed on one occasion, by a certain indivi-
dual, that Mr. Cobbett hated all mankind—
those who thought as he did, as rivals ; and
those who differed with him, as enemies. We
recollect, a few years, when he wrote, in one
week's Register, against the Bible, potatoes,
and inoculation for the cow-pox. This week
lie opposes education, the diffusion of know-
ledge, corporation reform, and marriage ; and,
nevertheless, recommends the study of the
Scriptures as a means of putting down the
Church of England !—Morning Chronicle.
The one great boon which Earl Grey has con-
ferred upon the country is sufficient to entitle
him to its lasting gratitude and esteem, and, as
such, he is the very last man whose venial errors
we would attempt to magnify, or towards whom
we would say, if we could fairly avoid it, one
unkind word. But Lord Grey has one besetting
sin as a Minister, which our duty to the public
has heretofore compelled us not to overlook, and
which we regret to see persisted in, notwith-
standing the loud and almost unanimous voice
in which public opinion has, again and again,
been expressed concerning it. We need hardly
say that we allude to the indiscriminate profu-
sion with which his Lordship has loaded, and
continues to load, his own family with the
honours and emoluments of the State—of
which a fresh and most objectionable instance
has just occurred in the appointment of his
Lordship's brother, the Bishop of Hereford, to
a stall in Westminster Abbey. We know that
we should but reiterate the sentiments of the
great bulk of well-judging and impartial persons
were we to describe this act in terms of reproba-
tion of the strongest kind. If we are deterred
from doing so, it is by the feeling we have first
alluded to, and it is infinitely more in sorrow
than in anger that we allude to it at all. We
would have Lord Grey's name descend to pos-
terity as the benefactor of his country without
any alloy ; but, alas ! the portion of alloy be-
comes great, indeed, when the reformer, nay, the
parent of reform, exhibits in his own practice
the very reverse of those principles for which he
has been all his life contending. Hitherto the
practice we allude to has been so rife, that when
the country sees plurality upon plurality heaped
upon the Premier's family, the only question
which it asks is, " what next ?"—Morning
Herald.

During the week nothing of the least interest
has occurred in respect to the affairs of the Ne-
therlands. By the steam-boat which arrived on
Wednesday from Holland, M. Verstolk received

an intimation that his further stay in this coun-
try being for the present useless, his presence at
the Hague would be desirable. In consequence
of this communication, his Excellency proposes
to leave England to-morrow by the Batavier
steam-vessel. It is expected that this gentleman
will return in a short time, with a view to resume

the negotiations in which he has been engaged ;
but we have reason to believe that he has long
►manifested a disposition to retire from that field
of political exertion in which he has done himself
great honour, and rendered important services
to his country. His coadjutor, Al. S. Dedel,
remains here for the present ; but we understand
that there is no ground for expecting any conces-
sion on the part of the King of the Netherlands,
and that, therefore, in pursuance of the deter.