The Sun.
London, England, 1851-02-07 00:00:00

'AAjiliaßS AND THE geRRENOT LAWS.
,-' (From the York Herald.)
,BY adopting the above head, we would not on any
ccount be thought to imply anything more than tied
whilst the currency laws are of infinite importance to
the whole nation, they are peculiarly so to that great
portion of the community whose energies are de-
voted to agriculture, and who, from the change of
times and circumstances, are labouring without profit,
and are anxiously looking forward almost without
hope. To the wrongs and sufferings of that class of
our fellow-countrymen, the close attention of the
Ministers of the
,Crown, and of every Member of the
Legislature, is immediately due ; and it is with a
hope that we may assist to rouse the farmers to peti-
tion, and the representatives of the people to deep con-
sideration and manly activity on the approaching
meeting of Parliament, that we are induced again to
dwell upon the subject, and to press this great and
limportant national question.
It was our intention to have accompanied with a"
comment, the report which we, lest weds,' ii-he of
the excellent address of the Rev. 'Jelin T‘k ells, the
respected vicar of Eaton, to the York Farmers' club,
and others intersted in agriculture, hut our limits did
not allow us. Mr. Twells resides in an agricultural
eistrict ; and having long witnessed the severe pri •
vations, and uhdeserred sufferings of the farmers, he
t as, with a noble and generous feeling, given to thc
currency laws the most anxious attention—the result
of which is, a full and unchangeable conviction, as a
man, an Englishman, and a clergyman, that, act the
farmer alone, but the moral, social, and religious con-
dition of the great mass of the people, is involvEd in
the question. To some, however, it may appear an
intricate question ; and many may yet say, as others
have said—" How can the currency so seriously
affect the agriculture, trade, and commerce of the
country ? Or, if an increase of the circulating int -
dim does really cause an advance in the ma:ket.,
how can that advance benefit the community ?"
We will reply to those very natural questions, and
endeavour to simplify the case as much as possible.
In earlier times, all payments were made by tl a
farmers in kind ; but, in the progress of nations, money
has become the representative of other property, and
the only legal tender in the payment of debts. It ii
the duty of the Government to provide sufficient
money for the purposes of trade, and to take care that
the supply shall be equal to the demand of an increas-
ing population. The present laws, which unwisely
restrict the paper issue of the Bank of England, and
render gold the only legal tender, subject the money
market to many and serious fluctuations, both from
the occasional scarcity of gold, and from the uncer-
tainty of the Bank recalling -its seeernmodutione to
the public. Now the way in which it operates upon
the farmer is this :—When the amount of thej circu-
lating medium is reduced below the requirements of
the public, the decreasein the supply increaies the re-
lative value of the money, and consequently more
goods are demanded for that money than before,
which is a reduction in the price of each article.
The farmer's rent, tithes, taxes, &c., are fixed, and he
must pay them in full. Consequently the fluctua-
tions of the currency, which reduce the prices of his
produce, prevent him from having fair play, and he
becomes a ruined, though an industrious and honest
man. He is the victim of a twofold operation of the
currency laws—the money paid to the landlord, for
rent, is of increased value, when the tenant farmer's
corn is reduced in price.
To remedy this great evil, it is proposed to abolish
the fixed price of gold, which our Government has
engaged to supply our foreign connexions with, at 31.
17s. 10d. per ounce—the untaxed continental price.
This is injurious to our manufacturers, because the
foreign merchant is thereby induced to demand gold
for his goods ; and it is one great cause of the re-
striction of the currency, which can only be coun-
teracted by letting the price of gold fluctuate, ac-
cording to the supply and demand in the English
market. A system of national paper money would
then follow, secured upon the whole property of the
empire, and declared legal tender, but not to exceed
the annual amount of taxation. It is also proposed to
empower joint-stock banks to issue notes, on giving
proper security.
This sort of money would never be drawn away by
foreigners, it would never be boarded up by misers
and hence, there would be a steady and never-failing
supply. The result of such an increase of the circu-
lating medium, would be a decrease in its value, and
e consequent increase of prices in the markets. The
fixed rent of the landlord—the fixed amount of taxes,
&c.—would thus be fairly met. The tenant farmer
would be able to sell his corn at remunerating prices,
and to pay his rent regularly, and provide for his
family respectably. In short, the benefit would be
general. Agriculture, trade, manufactures, and
foreign commerce, would all alike participate in the
national change. And the most powerful recom-
mendation of this plan is, that .it would benefit all,
without injuring any.
We have details before us of instanees without
number, in which the restriction of the currency has
produced national calamity, and in which an exteia-
ion of the currency, by a plentiful paper issue, has
revived the trade, and improved the general interests
of the whole nation. Many of those we have given,
in former papers ; and others are ready, should any
one doubt the correctness of.our calculations. Our
present obrervations, however, must now be drawn
to a conclusion ; but not before we have again urged
our agricultural friends to unite in petitioning Par.
liament for the total repeal of the present currency
laws, and for the adoption of a more extended and
enlightened system of legislation, on the monetary
errangemenis of the country. The subject is also
well worthy of the close consideration of every Mem-
ber of the British Parliament, ere they again as*
semble. The advocate of free trade will find it serve
his purpose fully ; and the sincere and earnest Protec-
tionist will do well for the farmer, if he will join in
the demand for an extended currency, as a first step
tower& the restoration to comfort and prosperity of
the agricultural portion of our increasing population.

-----
COURT CIRCULAR.
WINDSOR, Frs. 6. '1
Ifer Majesty the Queen, with his Royal Highness the
Prince of Wales, drove out this morning in a pony-car-
riage in Windsor Park, accompanied by his Royal High-
ness Mince Albert on horseback. Lord Charles Fitzroy
was in attendance.
The younger members of the Royal Family took their
usual airings,
Viscount Jocelyn and .Professor Sedgwick are expected
to arrive at the Castle to-day, on a visit to the Queen
and the Prince.
The royal dinner party at the Castle this evening will
include his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, her
Royal Highness the Princess Mary of Cambridge, the
Baroness de Speth, Viscount Jocelyn, Major-General
and Lady Isabella Werayss, and Professor Sedgiviek.
The band of the Coldstream Guards will be in attend-
ance, and play during dinner. Her Majesty's privet*
band will attend and perform in the evening.
Her R. d

..oya. .ighneie the Duchess of Cambridge and
he Princess Mary left Kew on Wednesday, on a visit
to her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, at
Frogrnore.
A Cabinet Council was held yesterday afternoon, at
the Foreign-office. The Ministers present were Lord J.
Russell, the Lord Chancellor, the Marquis of Lino.
do wne, the Earl of Minto, Sir George Grey, Viscount
Palmerston. Earl Grey, the Chancellor of the Exche-
quer, Sir Francis Baring, Sir John Hobhouse, the Earl
-f Carlisle, the Right Hun. Henry Labouchere, the
Marquis of ClaneripincraDer,doeewn,nta,inntgdh.etsahtrteeißesthi.goh. t
of Chester,
esFetear,asiia.ru
J.
The Council sat one hour and a half.
A deputation from the attorneys, solicitors, and mo-
tors, of England and Wales, consisting of Mr. Edward
White, Mr. D. S. Bockett, Mr. Wm. Woodrooffe, Mr.
John Clayton, Mr. J. E. Walters, and kir. M. Cfaybon,
had an interview with Sir George Grey, at the Home-
office, yesterday, to present an address to her Majesty
against the recent Papal aggression, signed by upwards
of 6,000 members of the profession.
.e Earl
Grey Blackall, M.P., had
man.rin:ehralti wan withinterview
with Grey yesterday at the Colonlayegeugienodrity:girieevsms;,eeeivrtMdyaw.eylai'llta,etrMdiasiiii7:
A deputation, headed by lu ._.
owrffiiuTt
elhl
hieater.
official residence
DreAe.ulssc.tkiPrdheee.ae,nontac.fcnedli
Roxburghol dr ro.fFr
s thercwy
Exchequer
I:
an
m 5.
yesterday
fT;iiiii—heervill'atiirrtt—shrtoefl:ll3dreo.gfiffidtgeheweiTekr,ealanudYthine
George Grey
I I: t :Aov
n. del :eVps. utl.t H.
tlßo
Pancras,a Cambridge
oel eis bto°yail isvi (11
11
Viscount
siieecni emnogrugbenotetEE
tl.y:aon
ddelegatesmfreotnia.o
polifliartany •
la
?t. 0 The
twhne lHpge rs
u).nincealnu,dlLingriioardnd
Da ntre;
residence
chef,
the of
Benjamin Hall, Sir William Molesworth, Mr.
WShpeatuarraiksrolhtec S,m,ilthreetrra.odTpe T. Duncombe, Mr. C. Lushington, and Sir
De Lacy Evans, had an interview with the Chancellor of
the Exchequer yesterday on the subject of the repeal Qf
the window-tax.
Sir Richard Bulkeley had an interview with Sir G.
Grey at the Home-office yesterday.
The Ecclesiastical Commissioners for
ce England bad *
general meeting yesterday, at their offi in Whitehall-
place.
The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council sat yes-
terday. The Lords present were Baron ParkeE tb.
Chancellor of the Duchy of Cornwall, the Judge 0 the
Admiralty Court, and Sir Edward Ryan- Al_likppeal
from Canada, " The Quebec Fire Insurance u. Alcalson
and St. Louis" (part heard), was resumed and owl.
eluded.

subscriber, Wipe
oov em
A PRECIOUS LARD OF LIBERTY.—+IOO Dolls.
-
ber, 1850,
miles Bout
lefthair, has a scar eve
or near the corner of the ey
mulatto woman, named Judy, about five
sandy-coloured feet high, 27 year
of Culpeperß Court
-house,
frome thteh
of age, stoutly built,onestlsbtsch
one, two upper front and
several jaw teeth out, and has a twisted nail on the fore-
linger of one of her hands, caused by a bone felon. She
has attempted twice before to got off—once got as far as
14
Warrenton and to r?ntroyal. She has a number of ac-
quaintances in Washington and Alexandria, and an aua t
, i
living in Vi nchester. 1 will give 100 dolls. if taken out
of this State and secured
in gaol, so that I get her again ;
and 50 dolls. if taken in Winchester or its vicinity, or Alex-
andria or its adjoining counties.--Wst. &Won.— Trois/amp-
ton National lneclligencer.

7

~~~
i'L-c_~J

)