The Sun.
London, England, 1834-08-07 00:00:00

PAPER IN LONDON

e
)

thirll ON,
,
-81)AV EVELOND
NING, AUGUST 7, 1834.

.ft----
t° the Painful to see the House.of Lords so op poseod_
Plibl'" own interests, and so utterly regardless
of
'ejec:,• co'Pniou, as to seize almost every opportunity
ko
able ;--g illisures of a popular character. A remar _
jeeti Istaare of this occurred yesterday by their reclar°ll °{• that clause of the Coroners' Bill whicht
de-
l
:is the n
k..oroner'S Court an open Court.
the
a that the clause was rejected on
cou-"' that
according to the existing law
be
the
factrt.,,,'i ri'w Open ; but even allowing that to e a
clic, what Nury could be done by a declaratory
d
:e' wcll might leave no doubt on the subject, a.n
rito: to the
People a right, which in times of excite:
ark:' "Peeialy, they consider of the utmost import
ted, thereB° far, however, from the right being admi
op;4. are several coroners who are of a different
.461°4, and they are fortified in that opinion
Lbyrda
.I'icit,,l llf the _Court of King's Bench, when
~,
Rciii:.:,4°Elvi was Chief Justice. That thoroduo.tolhi
e_
tiek-, "tY, the enemy of popular
.rights,
1%4 er
10r ancient usages, ruled the Old-
the cease, with the concurrence of
dth. that Court, that
iliatNner had the power of excluding the public.
041(7° believe, was the last decision on the subject.
side ,„_°rnoer still acts on it, and others would con-
x.her "Ictiielves justified in following his example
to
illever it suited their purposes. Of what use, then,
4nowelve the
law (ni, this point doubtful ? And why
for Cn obstinate Coroner the slightest pretence
exere.
the
trying
'sing - such an authority, or again
laeo question -in a court of - law ? The Corn-
the 1., ,Wisely rejected the proposition. Willt
iti at, °r" be so blind to the consequences as to persist
1 -i- all'endtrient which would not only be an obstacle 99 (kit
orl;Partiat
and full inquiry, but be opposed by
tiots, nevetT 100 ? In cases of death from popular,
°l' wh-r when the one party is rich and the other po
the en
the parties are violently opposed in politics,are
iNlyPi.°:eedingS of a secret tribunal of this sort .
4q retarded with - suspicion ; no reliance in
Harty .
11.1:11:bele: on them,
llyv -and the unsuccessful
attributes the result to the partiality of
er°tke • ' 1'
teNr, r or the prejudices of the Jury. Cases, too,
i4vesti wile° the ends of justice frustrated by secret
!i ar,".4ti°o• This is so clear that it is superfluous
I, 14411- the point, and that fact alone ought to be an
11474,..hie I. . '
le
,1: objection to an amendment which would
A ‘rte Point doubtful even for one day.
vcstitt('9l.er subject, no less unpopular, the right of
°„f eoll2}- Proxy, which the Lords exercise in defiance
lat "en- sense and justice, was adverted to by. the
ilil'iftl, i of WESTMINSTER, last night, in terms
ec)l4l-•' creditable to him as a Senator—we say
Nit senseeati: 'vot and justice, because to allow a
li to ,
in deciding a cause, without.
\''ith isg el'idence or argument, is at utter variance
by
pt uoth,
What would be said of Jurors voting
Wo:oxY in a trial which involved life and property ?
(„r'liesitijot, not. be considered the most. monstrous
-No • - that even the most fertile imagination
1:;:t1,1111:etnt ? Yet absent Peers are allowed to make
•e" regulate the verdicts of these jurors, and
thre Carry this
(l'lti. the
lives and property of every man in the king-
Principle to its utmost extent, and
''l, 11111---the LORD CHANCELLOR on the wool-
ofd4P.t:idthe nuke of WELLINGTON, and Lord
is PN) '3.'llll_ 14.; on each hand—with their pockets u
'tall:I"' ollght perform all the functions of one
i i ,
. ° the .Legislature.
We 1
They la received the whole of the Paris Papers.
'xeept"°tain no accounts of any general interest,
Crth
llN:liat relates to Sjain. The only thing else
oiiiit ii,°tice, is the extßine mortification with which
4)Qech, ,°2:46 DI BortGo received the French KING'S
tO a
1,4 "eeause there was nothing in it about coming
AlliaitePtture With England. The despots of the Holy
w°111(1 „ flattered themselves that the speech
their -ontain
~. . _
11 1r 111,,, , . : 60Ine allusion to this country, which
'' w i 'nal- kr • .
tt a . • ajes les mightbe ableto
• P.r, , ,
lie,,, 'lsiah
--"" 't
convince
and SO we would begin and cut each
INed til-r°4l in t' NA' -
~.., to,,,i„.Re vest, so as to leave them unmo-
‘'w &i.c 'Ale the conquests in the East. They
that prance and quests
entertain
.very dif-

ferent feelings towards each other, and their rage
knows no bounds. Another expectation was, that
France would not openly avow her disposition to sup-
port the quadruple alliance. Here again the despots
were doomed to the most bitter disappointment.
France not only acknowledged her participation in the
quadruple alliance, but is preparing, as we learn from
private information, to interpose her authority for the
immediate suppression of all disturbances in Spain and
Portugal. Whenever this happens—and we trust it
will happen very shortly--it will be a signal for the
breaking up of the diplomatic Cabinet at Vienna.

The Madrid papers received this morning are taken
up with discussions on the REGENT'S speech, and
rather contradictory versions of the engagements be-
tween the Queen's troops and the insurgents, of which
we gave an account yesterday. The particulars are
nearly the same as the reports in the French
Journals, to the extracts of which we refer our
readers. The only thing about which the jour-
nals are all agreed is, that Don CARLOS has suffered
the most signal defeat in every quarter, and that he is
now on the French frontier, whither he made a preci-
pitate flight, followed by one or more of the QUEEN'S
Generals.

The Revista Espagnola, a Madrid paper, in high
repute with certain members of the Spanish Govern-
ment, has some very spirited remarks in depreca-
tion of the report that the Government intended
reducing the interest of the national debt, or
otherwise injuring the public creditor. The
Cortes are making preparations for discharging all
claims upon the Spanish Crown without any loss
whatever to the foreign bondholders. This will com-
plete the triumph of the QUEEN'S Government.

The Lisbon Papers have all been received. Extracts
from them are given in another column. The most
important information is the decree of the Minister of
Finance for calling in the paper, and establishing a
metallic currency.

The following Decree for calling in the paper mo-
ney, and establishing a metallic currency in Portugal,
was published by the Portuguese Minister, on the
23d of July :

" Taking into consideration the report of the Minister and
Secretary of State for Finance, and having heard the Council
of State, 4 have thought proper, in the name of the Queen, to
decree as follows ;

" Art. 1. Paper money shall cease to be circulated after the
31st day of August next. After that period all payments shall
be made in specie current in this kingdom.
" Art. 2. From the day specified in the preceding article,
all bearers of paper money may present it at the Treasury of
the ll3ank of Lisbon, where they will receive its amount in
specie, with a discount of 20 per cent. The Bank will be
previously enabled by the Government to effect this operation.
" Art. 3. The holders ofpaper money who do not wish to ex-
change it in the mode pointed out in the foregoihg article may
receive from the Tribunal of the Public Treasury bonds for
the nominal value, which will be payable in specie at the said
Treasury, within the first fortnight of the month of January,
1838, and will be received from the Ist of January, 1837, as
current money for any payments in the departments of the
Public Treasury.
Art. 4. In addition to the arrangements above mentioned.
the holders of paper-money are empowered to receive from the
Public Treasury certificates for the full nominal value, pay-
able in specie, within the space of one, two, three, four,
and five years ; and the two first certificates were immedi-
ately receivable as current money in
,the sales of national
property.
" Art. 5. From the 31st of August next English sovereigns
will be received as current coin in this kingdom for the value
of 4,120 reis, and the dollars of Spain and Mexico will be
received at the rate of 870 reis.

" Art. 6. From the Ist of July 1835, English sovereigns
and Spanish and Mexican dollars will be exchanged at the
Mint at the rate determined in the foregoing article for Por-
tuguese money current in this kingdom. A reasonable period
will be fixed on for concluding this transaction.
" Art. 7. All laws contrary to these arrangements are re-
voked.

" The Minister and Secretary of State for the Department
of Finance has thus to understand this decree, and cause the
same to be executed.

" Don PEDRO, Duke of BRAGANZA.
" JOSE DA SILVA CAVALHO.
" Palace of Queluz, July 23, 1834."

The Report of the Select Committee on Drunken-
ness appears in this day's Sun. It is a droll affair,
and perfectly original, but from want• of time and space
we must defer our comments on it till to-morrow.

When the Viper left Lisbon on the 20th ult., the
Hastings, Revenge, and Confance were in the Tagus.
The Stag and Nimrod were standing into the river.
The Royalist was off Oporto on the 25th.
The Forte, and Rhadamanthus (steamer), were at
Jamaica on the Ist July. The Fly sailed on the 28th
June for Chagres ; the Racer on the 29th, on a
cruise to the eastward ; and the Arachne on the same
day for Carthagena.

THE FUNDS.(THIS DAY.)

CITY, TWELVE 0' CLOCK

In consequence of its being ascertained that the intervention
of France with Spain will not be required, and the favourable
information from PortUgal, Consols, which left off yesterday at
9011 for the Account, opened at 908 ; but the latter price
they did not maintain, and receded to 908 /I.
Spanish stock had improved to 47, but soon after was done
at 46i 73- ; Portuguese, 868

HALF-PAST ONE.
In the early part of the morning Spanish and Portuguese
Stocks were on the improvement ; since which abundance of
reports were put into circulation, such as accounts, received
from Madrid this morning, that Don Miguel had landed in
Spain ; a loan required of two millions for Portugal ; 10,000
Portuguese troops going to join the army of Rodi; and a
Portuguese squadron going to the coast of Spain.
We need scarcely' inform our readers that no credit
is attached to them in the City. Still they had the effect of
causing a panic in the Portuguese Stock, which receded about
2 per cent., from 86i- to 844 ; at present they are 84i
Spanish 40
Consols are also very heavy; in the morning they were
soi and are now 904
THREE 0' CL 0 CK.
Consols for the Account, 904 k.

The advantages of the Greenwich Rail Way are be-
ginning to develope themselves. The footway running parallel
with the arches and shops will slickly be opened from High-
street, Deptford, to Blue Anchor-road. In this distance only,
a saving of nearly a mile will be effected.

Steam vessels now run to Hull, in Yorkshire, up-
wards of 200 miles, carrying passengers for ss. per head.
EXPORTATION OF SOVEREIGNS.—We mentioned
last week that fifty thousand sovereigns had been sent out to
the United States by the Victoria, and since then fifty thou-
sand more have gone, twenty-five thousand by the St. An-
drew, and the same number by the Columbus. The quantity
'of geld poured into the States during the last year is enor-
mous, but the cry is still " give, give."—Liverpool Times.
During the past week the hops at Farnham and
the surrounding neighbourhood have greatly improved, and in
those grounds where a short time since there was such a defi-
ciency of bine, they are now bidding fair to produce a mode-
rate crop. In some of the best lands the hops have not
looked better for many years.—Hampshire Chronicle.
EAST GLOUCESTERSHIRE ELECTION.—The Can-
vass for the representation of the Eastern division of this county
proceeds with activity ; and we observe, with the greatest sa-
tisfaction, that the agriculturists, the artisans, and the labourers
engaged in manufactures, appear to be fully aware of the im-
portance of supporting Mr. Codrington, whose principles and
habits offer a surer pledge than words can give that he will
watch over their interests, and that he will never be found
ranged by the side of their opponents, nor be obliged to sa-
crifice his duty to the dictates of party. Gloucestershire
Chronicle:

On Monday, the 4th instant, the first stone of a
Catholic church, to be dedicated to the Holy Trinity, was laid
and solemnly blessed, at Bermondsey, by the right Rev. Dr.
Bramston, attended by the Right Rev. Dr. Griffiths, Drs.
Baggs and Cox, and a numerous body of the Catholic clergy
of the district. Two o'clock was announced for the ceremony,
but long ere that hour the place was crowded to excess, and
by the time his Lordship arrived every window that com-
manded the least view of the place w,as filled, and in some in-
stances the roofs of the houses were covered. The ceremony
had a most imposing effect ; the two Bishops appeared in full
pontifical robes, and many of the clergy in their surplices and
cassocks. It would be impossible to give any idea of the
numbers that were present. It was one of the most respectable
and numerous assemblies we ever witnessed. Among them
we observed several Catholic and Protestant,families of the
first distinction, who entered into a very handsome and liberal
collection towards the erection of the church.

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT,

THIS DAY, THURSDAY, AUGUST 7.

HOUSE OF COMMONS.

The SPEAKER took the Chair at twenty minutes past twelve.
PROCURATORS' FISCAL (SCOTLAND) BILL.
On the order of the day that this Bill be read a second time,
being read,
The LORD-ADVOCATE said that the Bill had been in-
troduced by him, but having been since then appointed to the
office which he had the honour now to hold, he should not press
the Bill during the present session, but if any other Hon.
Member brought it forward next session he should give it his
support, as his opinions upon the subject remained unaltered.
The Right Hon. Gentleman concluded by moving, as an
amendment, that the Bill be read a second time that day three
months.

After a few words from Mr. O'CONNELL, Captain GORDON,
the amendment was put and carried.
FLOGGING IN THE ARMY.

Mr. H. HUGHES presented a petition from 1,648 inhabi-
tants of Oxford against the abominable and disgraceful practice
of flogging in the army. The Hon. Member deprecated
in strong terms the practice of military flogging, and trusted
that some other mode of punishment would be speedily sub-
stituted.

Sir SAMUEL WHALLEY had hoped, from the division
that had taken place upon the subject, that ere this the
practice would have been entirely put an end to.
Doctor LUS H ING TON presented a petition from the pa-
rish of St. John's, Hackney, relative to the dismissal of Cap-
tain Aitcheson, for refusing to attend the Greek Church ser-
vice at Corfu.

Mr. 0' C 0 NNE L L presented a petition from an individual
named Donovan, of Myross, County Cork, praying for an
adjustment of the Tithes of the parish ; also a petition from
Manchester, praying for a repeal of the taxes upon knowledge ;
a petition from theAttornies of the County Meath, praying
for a better remuneration for their services ; a petition from
Kilmarnock, praying for the abolition of Tithes in Ireland ; a
petition from Dromore in the County of Down, complaining
of the unequal distribution of the Million Fund ; a pe-
tition from Patrick 0' Shaughnessy, of Chancery-lane,
Dublin, complaining of unequal local Taxation ; a peti-
tion from Redmond Foley, complaining of having been
deprived of his office of Weighmaster of Dubliti ; a pe-
tition from Peter O'Connor, complaining of the measures
of coercion passed by that House ; a petition from Richard
Crawford, complaining- of ill-treatment by the Corporation of
Dublin ; a petition from merchants and others of Dublin, re-
lative to the Irish fisheries ; a petition from George F. Moulds,
complaining of having been dismissed from his situation in the
Dublin Post-office under circumstances of peculiar hardship,
which he (Mr. O'Connell) would not state, as the names of
several respectable persons were mentioned, but which he in-
tended to bring forward, and give notice for a Committee next
session ; a petition from James Reeves, a bookseller, convicted
of selling unstamped publications, for remission of punishment ;
a petition form R. Robinson, late captain in his Majesty's ser-
vice, relative to a courtmartial held on him at New South
Wales, and by which he had been dismissed. Mr. Robinson
was a much aggrieved man, and he would bring his case
before the House next session, if it was not taken up by abler
hands.

Mr. O'DWYER and Mr. RUTHVEN supported the- petition
from Captain Robinson.
Mr. H UME regretted that the Government had not ere
this done justice to the much injured individual from whom the
petition came.

Dr. LUSHINGTON thought the petitioner had been
treated with great hardship, cruelty, and injustice ; and even
supposing the charges had been all proved, he thought the
punishment had been altogether too severe.
Captain GORDON trusted that, for the sake of both the
parties implicated, some investigation . would speedily take
place.

The petition was then laid on the table,
Mr. O'CONNELL gave notice, that next Session he
should move a resolution that the House do adjourn at eight
o'clock in the evening at the latest ; and if the resolution
passed, he should move that it be a standing order of the
House.—( Hear, bear.)
Mr. HAWE S presented a petition from several gentlemen
of Peckham, against flogging in the army.
After a few words from Major BEAUCLERK and Mr. M.
PHILLIPS, the petition was laid on the table.
Mr. JONES presented a petition from Orkney, in support
of the Church.

Lord. SAND ON took the present opportunity of com-
plaining of a great want of courtesy on the part of the
Hon. Member for Middlesex (Mr. Hume), who, having a pe-
tition to present respecting the character of a Rev. Gentleman
in which he (Lord S.) took a deep interest, took the oppor-
tunity of his (Lord Sandon's) absence to present that petition
on an earlier day than that on which the Hon. Member had
promised him (Lord S.) that he would present it. Having
relied on the promise of the Hon. Member, he thought he had
reason to complain of him (Mr. Hume) for having broken that
promise. The Noble Lord then referred to the petition, and
contended that the Rev. Petitioner had no reason to complain,
and that the allegations of the petitions were unfounded.
Mr. HUME explained. He did not mean any thing dis-
courteous to the Noble Lord ; he was compelled to present the
petition on the day on which it was presented, not being able
to attend on the day fixed for its presentation. His impression,
however, was, that this Rev. Gentleman had been harshly
treated. The petitioner merely prayed that those who per-
formed clerical duties should receive sufficient remuneration.

After a few words from Mr. COBBETT and Sir S. WHALLEY,
the petition was ordered to lie on the table.
Captain GORDON presented numerous petitions from pa-
rishes in the county of Aberdeen, praying for protection to the
Church.

Mr. Alderman WOOD presented a petition, signed by
nearly all the newsvenders of London, complaining of the un-
stamped publications, and praying that some means might be
taken for their suppression, or that the stamp duty might be
taken off the newspapers.
Col. PE RC E VAL presented four petitions from the county
of Sligo, for protection to the Church.

The-SPEAKER having gone through his paper, then left
he Chair at Two o'clock.

LIST OF THE MINORITY

Of 26 (Tellers included) who, voted against Mr. G. W. Wood's
clause, brought up on the third reading of the Beer Bill, for
excluding houses under 101. value, in cities and towns contain-
ing 3,000 inhabitants from being licensed for the sale of Beer.
Attwood, T. I Labouchere, H Scholefield, J
Baring, F. Langdale, Hon. C. Smith, R. Vernon'.
Blamire, W. Leferre, C. S. Todd, J. R.
Childers, J. W. Methuen, I'. - Wedgwood, J,
Ellis, W. Oliphant, 1.. ' Willoughby, Sir H.
Ewart, W. 0 Reilly, W. Wood, C.
Faithful, G. Palmer, C. F. TELLERS.
Gronow, Captain Potter, H. Aglionby, H. A.
Humphery, J. Pryme, G. Warburton, a

LITERATURE.

LIFE AND POEMS OF THE REV. GEORGE
CRABBE.—VoI. VII. MURRAY. London. 1834.
The profoundest of all studies is that of the human
heart. A life spent in it is like an hour under the influ-
ence of fancy in sleep, when a sudden and unexpected
sound dissolves the " courts of cobblers" and disperses the
" mobs of kings," which but a moment before we believed
as verily substantial as the grossest of earth's realities.
The heart of man is never thoroughly known even to him-
self, for human life is too short, and human experience too
limited, to allow a sufficiency of situation and incident for
the full attainment of such knowledge. The person
whose name appears first on the tablet of your memory,
you have known intimately from childhood ; he has
suffered with calm, and christitnly resigned endur-
ance, the pangs of early disappointment ; his friends
forsook him in infancy ; his guardians wasted his patri-
mony, and at twenty years of age he found himself,
from the heir to an honourable independence, a pennyless
outcast on society. Yet his conduct was upright and his
bearing manly. The next has endured the most racking
physical pain without uttering a groan, or giving expression
to a complaint. The third has borne all manner of inju-
ries that demoniacal power could inflict. The fourth moves
in the highest, circles, is rich beyond calculation, and
hospitable to a fault. You know them all inti-
mately ; you have studied their respective characters
they are incapable of an evil action.
for years ;
But has the sphere in which they are placed nothing to
do with their past perfection ? Reverse their conditions.
You no longer know them. You stand aghast at the sight
of the hideous wretches now before you. Your experience
of the past is flung to the winds as utterly worthless. You
pause and find yourself as ignorant of the human heart as a
new-born babe ! The pinions, upon the strength of which
you dared to soar in the presence of God, to direct his Pro-
vidence in the allocation of mortality, are broken by a single
glance at a change which your wisdom would have sug-
gested. Your friend was poor and virtuous, you would
have him rich as a reward for his virtue ; he becomes so,
and is a monster of impiety. The same happens to all the
rest.
Parnell was the first English poet who attempted to
justify the ways of God to man" in visiting the most vir-
tuous in the opinion of the world with afflictions, and per-
mitting evils to happen to them while the wicked were
apparently prospering. His " Hermit" is an admirable
poem, though much of the effect is lost owing to the agency
which he employs, and his having chosen extreme cases in
illustration of the goodness and paternity of God in his
several chastisements. Crabbe, whose searching intel-
lect was constantly employed in sounding the depths
and shallows of human nature, takes a more phi-
losophical view of this wonderful phenomenon in the
mind of man. He analyzes as far as is possible, the mo-
tives of human action. He traces and dissects the hun-
dreds of minor causes—of concealed purposes—of feelings
unknown to the very actor, which prompted to the commis-
sion of a deed of light or darkness. He points to the
secret spring which has never yet been touched ; he presses
it for our instruction, and the being under his hand
assumes, as it were, a new nature. This is finely
executed in his opening tale in this volume, the
seventh of his works. " Sir Owen Dale" is a being with-
out passion or character through the greater part of his
life. At fifty he is a widower, falls in love, and is jilted.
He takes fire at the insult ; love gives way to revenge ; and
his mind becomes a hell—a den of the deadliest passions ;
and this is human nature.
But in painting physical suffering, brought on by poverty
and crime, no poet ever equalled Crabbe. There he stands
unrivalled and alone. He embodied misery of the most
revolting description, but in language so pure, with feelings
so sympathetic, that the most refined in taste, and glowing
in seraphic sanctity, would desire to press him to their
hearts at the very instant he chills them with the presence
of vice, infamy, want and despair, crouching round the truss
of the dying. Take an example
The roof, unceil'd in patches, gave the snow
Entrance within, and there were heaps below;
I pass'd a narrow region dark and cold,
The strait of stairs to that infectious hold;
And when I entered, misery met my view
In every shape she wears, in every hue,
Aed the black icy blast across the dungeon flew ;
There frown'd the ruin'd walls that once were white;
There gleani'd the panes that once admitted light;
There lay unsavoury scraps of wretched food;
And there a measure, void of fuel, stood ;
But who shall part by part describe the state
Of these, thus followed by relentless fate
All, too, in waiter, when the icy air
Breathed its bleak venom on the guilty pair.
I would describe it, but I bore a part,
Nor can explain the feelings of the heart;
Yet memory since has aided me to trace
The horrid features of that dismal place.
There she reclined unmoved, her bosom bare
To her companion's unimpassion'd stare,
And my wild wonder :—Seat of virtue! chaste
As lovely once ! 0 ! how wert thou disgraced I
Upon that breast, by sordid rags defiled,
Lly the wan features of a famish'd child;--
That sin-born babe in utter misery laid,
Too feebly wretched even to cry for aid ;
The ragged sheeting, o'er her person drawn,
Served for the dress that hunger placed in pawn.
At the bed's feet the man reclined his frame : a
Their chairs were perish'd to support the flame,
That wartn'd his agued limbs; and sad to see,
That shook him fiercely as he gazed on me.

I saw them then—methinks I see them now!
She bad not food, nor aught a mother needs,
Who for another life and dearer feeds
I saw her speechless; on her witherd breast
The wilher'd child extended, but not pr est,
who sought, with moving lip and feeble cry,
Vain instinct ! for the fount without supply.

not space to enter more minutely in his pe-
culNiaVre
excellence in pointing these stern features in the
destiny of man. The volume before us would suggest
much, but we cannot do more than pronounce it equal to
those that preceded it.

T CYCLOP,EDIA. VOL. LVIL
BRITISH ADMIRALS, BY ROBERT SOUTHEY.
Longman al ni‘rand Co. and John Taylor. London, 1834.
There is a peculiar charm in the tables of our early naval
adventurers that is to be found in no other narra-
tives. They combine all the truth of history with
all the interest of fiction ; and, however familiar the
seas and lands of their exploits may be to us in
thepresentday , yet still,
og
stra ase ate
we follow
noowtw struggling hem,intheirill
founded barks, over with
the hurricane, and now revelling in the glorious aspect of a
new world, we feel and wonder with them in voluntary
abandonment of 'bur knowledge. It must be a dull fancy
indeed that does not feel all the magic of the moment, when,
from " the goodly and great high tree," Drake first obtains
a sight of that ocean, of which he had heard such golden
reports, and beseeches God to grant him " life and leave to
sail an English ship on those seas ;" or that does not, for
the instant at least, tread on unknown ground when he is
told, that " amongst the trees, night by night, through the
whole land, did show themselves an infinite swarm of fiery
worms, flying in the air, whose bodies, being no bigger than
our common English flies, make such a show and light as if
every twig and tree bad been a burning candle." This is,
no doubt, as Southey says, exaggerated,—he might as well
have left it ansaid,—but it is the natural exaggeration of
wonder, and conveys no more than a fair statement of the
impression made on the minds. of those who, for the first
time, grappled with a scene so novel and so extraordinary.
Even the old, and often uncouth, spelling of the names of
places, is not without its interest ; it is the fitting costume
of the time, and when, in the earlier books, we read of the
Molucco islands, of Cyppo, of Callice, of Fesse, or of the
Groan, it only adds another tint to the brightness of the
illusion.

To such a portion of our naval history no one was more
capable of doing justice than Dr. Southey. With a felicity
that can never be too much admired, be has broken up the
old narrative, and interwoven the rich, though rugged frag-
ments, with his own peculiar style, and the result is a beau-
tiful mosaic, in admirable keeping with the subject. Seldom
has poetry exhibited a more simple and glowing picture
than we have here presented of these Vikingers of the
Southern Seas. Their situation was sufficiently singular.
It was a sort of national piracy that they carried on, re-
stricted in its purpose to one people, and not not only ap-
plauded by their countrymen, but openly patronized by a
powerful government, which yet professed to be at peace
with the object of it. Such an irregular sort of warfare is
not very reconcileable to our modern ideas of international
law ; still it was perfectly in the spirit of the age : a-Pro-

testant people could be hardly expected to pay much re-
spect to claims that were solely founded on the very Papal
authority which it was the object of their religion to deny,
nor do we find much censure of their proceedings except
from the immediate sufferers ; they indeed looked upon
their roving enemies as no better than pirates, and hanged
them accordingly whenever they had the luck to catch them.
Of all these " gallants," as they were termed in the lan-
guage of the day, Sir Francis Drake was undoubtedly the
most popular. Such and so wonderful were his exploits,
that the Spaniards could no otherwise account for them
than by supposing he was assisted by the devil, who, it was
natural to expect, would•gladly abet a heretic in his enter-
prizes
against the truest subjects. of the Pope. The belief
in his magical powers obtained, too, very largely among his
own countrymen, but with this difference ; according to their
creed, there was a white as well as a black art magic ;
and Drake, who professed the former, employed the spirits
under his control to a good end only. In truth, the un-
daunted courage of these Vikingers, with the cruelty and
bigotry of the Spaniards, the utter want of good faith in
the latter, and their hatred of England, not the less known
because it was not avowed, all have a marvellous tendency
to reconcile us to actions which will hardly be justified by
sober reason. We are told that "it was not by skill as an
engineer, and the munificent expenditure of the wealth,
which he had so daringly obtained, that Drake supplied
Plymouth with fresh water, but by mounting his horse,
riding about Dartmoor till he came to a-spring sufficiently
copious for his design, then wheeling round, pronouncing
some magical words, and galloping back into the town with
the stream in full flow, and forming its own channel at the
horse's heels. Nor was it with the Queen's ships that he
defied and baffled the invincible armada, but by taking a
piece of wood, and cutting it in pieces over the side of his
own vessel, when every chip as it fell into the sea became
a man of war. There is another version of this miracle,—
" that he was playing at kalcs (or skittles) on the Hoe at
Plymouth, when tidings came that the Spanish fleet was
sailing into the harbour, and that he heard the news with-
out the slightest emotion, and played out his game. But
when that was ended, he called for a block of wood and an
axe, bared his arms, chopped the block of wood into smaller
pieces, and threw them into the sea, when every piece be-
came a fine ship, and presently formed a fleet, by which the
enemy were attacked, defeated, and destroyed."—P. 239.
But George Clifford, the third Earl of Cumberland,
though less bruited by popular tradition than the Devon-
shire hero, was his predecessor in these gallant but ambi-
guous enterprizes. He sails the ocean in the true spirit of
a Northern Sea-king, and if he wants the seamanship of
Drake, he is yet characterized by the , same splendour of
success with inadequate means, and the same indomitable
spirit in obtaining it. Nor does he appear to have been
without a sufficient share of difficulties and dangers to give a
zest to his more prosperous hours. On one occasion, the
historian relates that " contrary weather delayed the. Earl
so long upon his homeward passage, that drink began to
fail, and he endeavoured to make some Irish harbour, but
there, too, was beaten off by the wind ; and the beer and
water being by that time all spent, three spoonsful of vine-
gar were allowed to each man at a meal, with some small
relief squeezed out of the lees of their wine vessels. During
fourteen days they had no other drink than this, except what
they could collect in rain and hail-storms, in their shirts and
napkins. Some drank up the soiled running water at the
scupper-holes, others saved, by device, the running down
the mast and tarred ropes, and many licked the moist
boards, sails, and masts with their tongues like dogs Yet
was that rain so intermingled with the spray of the foaming
sea, in thipxtreme storm, that it could not be healthful ;
yea some of them, in their extremity of thirst, drank them-
salves
to death, with their cans of salt water in their hands."
By this time the lamentable cries of the sick and hurt men
for drink were heard in every corner of the ship. Many
perished for want of it—" ten or twelve every night ;" and
in this manner more were lost " than otherwise had miscar-
ried in the whole voyage."—p. 7.
Notwithstanding these and other reverses, he had the
good fortune to die in his bed of ripe old age, a fate which
few adverturers in the same seas were happy enough to
meet with. Drake and Cavendish withered away with
broken hearts, and Greenville died defeated. There was,
however, a glory shed about the closing scene of the latter
chief that reminds us strongly of the knights of old, as de-
picted in the glowing pages of Froissart ; even the more
celebrated Bayard scarcely affords, in his dying moments, a ,
parallel to this heroic death-scene. In danger from a squa-
dron of overwhelming superiority, he was advised to cut his
mainsail, and cast about, and trust to the sailing of his ship,
which was noted as " one of the best for sail in England ;" but
he preferred death to what he considered dishonour, and
threatened, if any man laid his hand upon the sail, he would
cause him to be hanged. The consequence of this ill-
timed valour was what all had foreseen ; the best part of
the men were either slain or dangerously hurt, and the ship
itself lay a complete wreck, without masts, without tackle
of any kind, and her hull shot nearly level with the water.
In this crisis Sir Richard received a musket shot in his
body, and, while his hurt was being dressed, the surgeon
at hitside was mortally wounded, and he himself was again
struck, but this time on the head. Still he continued ob-
stinately fixed in his purpose ; his pride, or his ideas of a
soldier's duty would not brook that the enemy should have
the triumph of taking one of the Queen's ships,—a fear for
which there seems to have been no great occasion, as there
was by this time six feet water in the hold. But the crew,
although they had shown themselves the bravest of the
brave, yet wanted something of their chief's unconquerable
spirit : they surrendered to the Spaniard, and Sir Richard
being carried to the enemy's deck, died, as he had lived, with
this touching and characteristic address :—" Here die I,
Richard Greenville, with a joyful and quiet mind, for that
I have ended my life as a good soldier ought to do, who has
fought for his country, Queen, religion, and honour. Where-
fore my soul joyfully departeth out of this• body, and shall
always leave behind it an everlasting fame of a true soldier,
who bath done his duty as he was bound to do. But the
others of my company have done as traitors and dogs, for
which they shall be reproached all their lives, and leave a
shameful name for ever."—p. 337.

This ship, the first of the Queen's that had been taken,
was subsequently dashed to pieces on a rock near Terceira
in a hurricane, which the islanders declared to be raised by
Greenville's ghost ; the heretic had naturally called upon
his friends, the devils, for revenge upon his enemies, and
they, like true allies, had served both their own cause and
his by raising up these terrible storms against the professors
of the holy Catholic and apostolic faith.
Such is a brief sketch of this interesting volume, which,
to borrow the quaint phrase of other times, is full of divers
matters equally profitable and delightful to the reader.
Well may it be said that truth is more wonderful than fic-
tion, for what fable is equal to the heart-stirring wonders of
these realities ?

The salary of the Commander-in-Chief at the Nore,
which situation has become vacant by the death of the late
Vice-Admiral Sir Richard King. K. C. 8., is 2,000/. per
annum. The deceased was a gallant and excellent officer, and
distinguished himself at the battle of Navarino - he has left a
wife and twelve children to lament his loss. Sir Richard was
in his 61st year.

THETFORD ELECTION.—The vacancy in the
representation for Thetford has occasioned a stir in that bo-
rough, greatly different from the quiet tenour of former elec-
tions there. The Grafton family, who, even under theßeform
Bill, were still understood to retain the power of returning one
member, has fallen into disrepute with the burgesses, not, as
we understand the case, from any change in the principles of
the noble house, but because its outlay has not been so consi-
derable as the worthy tradesmen electors think it ought to be,
considering their bond. Requisitions were, we understand,
sent to the gentlemen in the neighbourhood, without much re-
ference to political views, which have been courteously de-
clined. On Thursday last General Fitzroy commenced a re-
gular canvass of the borough, but meeting with considerable
coolness and few promises of support, withdrew, as he stated,
in favour of Lord Euston, who would appear to solicit the suf-
frages of the electors on an early day. Mr. Biggs Andrews,
the barrister, happening the same day to pass through the
town, was waited on by some of the electors, and consented to
become a candidate in opposition to the General ; but under-
standing that Lord Euston, who is justly popular in the place
from his great private worth, was likely to stand, he also with-
drew. The learned gentleman, however,' renewed his claim
on Saturday, in consequence of having obtained a requisition
signed by thirty of the electors, and promised to address theiee
constituency on Monday, Probably the learned gentlseten
considers that gratification an ample return for his
of
time, as there is no doubt whatever that Lord Euston it ill be
elected. The election is expected to take place on Friday.--
Bury Herald.

FASHIONABLE INTELLIGENCE.

ARRIVALS.

Lady Lindsay, in Hanover-street, from her seat in Lincolnshire;
Captain Houlton, at Raggett's Hotel, Dover-street, from Rochester;
R. Kirby, Esq., at ditto from a tour ; Mr. and Mrs. C. Powell,
in Park-lane, from the Continent; J. M. H. Bate, Esq., at the
Pulteney Hotel, Albemarle-street, from Ottery St. Mary ; Captain
and Mrs. Taylor, at Berners Hotel, Berners-street, from 'South-
ampton ; Mr. Pratt and Miss Dixie, at ditto, from Lincoln ; Rev_
John Thomson and Mrs. Thomson, at ditto, from Edinburgh ;
Hon. W. Ward, at ditto, from Cambridge; Captain Croker, R. 'N.,
at ditto; J. Rampini, Esq., at ditto, from the Continent.