The Sun.
London, England, 1834-04-12 00:00:00

BANKRUPTS.

WILLIAM HARDCASTLB, ironmonger, Beaufort-place,
Chelsea, to surrender April 21 and May 23, at eleven, at the
Court of Bankruptcy. Staflbrd, Buckingham-street, Strand ;
Graham, official assignee, Copthall-buildings, Throgmorton_
street.

THOMAS ASKEY, jeweller, Leadenhall-street, April 22,
at two, and May 23, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy.
Gibson, Basinghall-street, official assignee; Price, Poultry.
DAVID HADDEN, iron-manufacturer, Liverpool, May 1
and 23, at the Clarendon rooms, Liverpool. Lowndham, Parke,
and Freeth, Lincoln's Inn fields, London ; Pritt, Clay, and
Swift, Liverpool.

THOMAS CHARLES DAVIES, grocer, Wrexham, Den-
bigh, April 26 and May 23, at ten, at the Wynnstay Arms
Inn, Wrexham. Jones and Parker, Pump.court, Temple, Lon-
don ; Foulkes, Wrexham.
THOMAS BARNETT, butcher, Barford, Warwick, April
25 and May 23, at one, at the George Inn, Warwick. Holme,
Frampton, and Loftus, New Inn, London ; Dew, Warwick.
THOMAS HARDING, glove manufacturer, Blockhouse,
Worcester, April 30 and May 23, at eleven, at the Hopmar-
ket Inn, Worcester. Bedford, Calthorpe-street, London; Bed-
ford and Pidcock, Worcester.

WILLIAM PHILPOT, shopkeeper, Penmain, Monythus-
loyne, Monmouthshire, April 18 and May 23, at eleven, at
Messrs. Prothero and Phillips' office, Newport. Platt and
Hall, New Boswell-court, Lincoln's Inn, London ; Prothero
and Phillips, Newport.

DIVIDENDS.
J. Fry, corn-dealer, Wrotham, Kent, May 3, at half-past
eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy—C. Power, underwriter
and ship insurance brOker, Old City Chambers, May 2, at two,
at the Court of Bankruptcy—J. Jowett, furnishing ironmonger,
Great Queen-street, Lincoln's Inn-fields, May 2, at two, at the
Court of Bankruptcy—F. B. King, sugar-refiner, Princes-
square, St. George's in the East, May 2, at twelve, at the Court
of Bankruptcy—J. Capey, haberdasher, Fore.street, Cripple-
gate, May 5, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy—J. Jar-
dine, druggist, Haslingden, Lancashire, May 9, at tu o, at the
Lever's Arms Hotel, Bolton— W. Marshall, boot and shoe-
maker, Northampton, May 6, at three, at the Peacock Inn,
Northampton—W. H. Williams, provision merchant, New-
rod, Monmouthshire, May 8, at one, at the Commercial-

PIO CF:S; OF

I. EA T II ER.

Per lh. 1. to d. l'er lh. (I. tO
Butts, 14 23 English Horse Hides.... 15 20
Ditto, Foreign 14 20 Spanish Ditto 18 27
Dressing Ilides—..-- Ili 15 Per dozen.
Ditto WI 16 Calf Skins... SO o4tkb. 14 21
Ditto, light Ditto 40 to 60Ib. 17 213
Ctop Hides, light-- 111 13 Ditto 70 to 90Th. 18 '24
Oitto—w..4o to 501 b. 12 14. Small Seals, Greenland 16 18
Ditto l4 • p Large ditto l2 16

( From the Legal Observer.)

ADMISSIONS OF LAW STUDENTS, AND CALLS TO THE BAR.

To the King's most excellent Majesty, in his High
Court of Chancery.
We, your Majesty's commissioners, appointed by your
Majesty's commission, bearing date the 10th day of
March, in the first year of your Majesty's reign, whose
hands and seals are hereunto set, do humbly certify to
your Majesty,
That in obedience to your Majesty's command, com-
municated to us by your Majesty's Secretary of State
for the Home Department, we have proceeded to in-
quire into the regulations i.nd practice in the four inns
of court, respeCting the admission of persons to be stu.:
dents, or to be called to the bar, and now humbly sub-
mit to your Majesty the result of our inquiries. '
The four inns of court—the Inner Temple, the
Middle Temple, Lincoln's Inn, and Gray's Inn—se-
verally enjoy the privilege of conferring the rank of
barrister-at-law, a rank whicff coir';tutes an indispen-
sable qualification for practice in the superior courts.
• No other means of obtaining that r :Ilk exist, ut
that of becoming enrolled as a student in one or of er
of these inns, rind afterwards arrflyinr,' twits grin pal
offieors, or bencliers, for. a call to :bobar. .. ‘::"....„
,--IThe (Rif-hi-of tbisllfitßtigt' ( f the inns. of mut,
appears to be involved-in considerable obscurity.
It was observed by Lord Mansfield, in the case of
" The King v. Gray's Inn,'.'- D0ug.,:354, that the ori-
ginal institution of the inns . of court nowhere precisely
appears ; but it is certain that they are not corpora-
tions, and have no charter from the crown. They are
voluntary societies, which for ages have submitted to
government, analogous to that of other seminaries of
learning ; but all the power they have concerning the
admission to the bar, is delegated to Ahem from the
judges, and in every instance their conduct is subject
to their control, as visiters. _ _

In support of these positions, a variety of pas-
sages are cited from " Dugdale's Origines Juridi-
cales," which clearly show that in former times the
judges and the benchers made regulations to be ob-
served by the inns of court, not only, respecting the
admission to the bar, but generally regarding the con-
duct of the members of the inn, and the admission of
students.

Many instances will be found in the appendix of such
orders, sometimes made by advice of the privy council
and judges, and sometimes by the judges only, and
sometimes by the benchers, by advice and direction
of the judges, and proceeding from the King's sug-
gestign.
. . .

_
There does not appear to be an instance in modern
times in which the judges have interfered with the
internal;' regulations of the different societies, though
there ale several in which they have acted as visiters,
upon the appeals to them from decisions of the benchers
respecting calls to the bar.
In the late case of Mr. Wooler; reported as the case
of " The King v. the Benchers of Lincoln's Inn,"
4 B. and C., 855, - it was held that the judges had no
power, as visiters, to interfere with the regulations of
the inns of court respecting the admission of students ;
and also that the Court of King's Bench could not, in
such case interfere by mandamus. It was observed
by Mr. Justice Littledale, " that the court was called
upon to control the society in the admission of their
members ; but that, as far as the admission of mem-
bers is concerned, those are voluntary societies, not
submitting to any government. They may in their
discretion admit or not, as they please ; and the Court
of King's Bench has no power to compel them to ad-
mit any individual." He added, that "the interference
of the judges at the instance of those members of the
societies whom the benchers had refused to call to the
bar was perfectly right; because a member who had
been suffered to incur expense With a view to being
called To the hi thereby acquires an inchoate right
to be called ; and
ne tf
if417,k.1h.r.,3 refuse to call hi v.
1 ,I.t, j *lit ....... 4-...,4). - v'..t. -so '%:lniii74 .
there be no reason, or an insufficient one, then ("te
nti*er who has acquired inchoate right is entitled
ave that right perfected."

With respect to the regulations and practice now in
force in the different inns of court, relative to the sub-
jects referred to as under the present inquiry, we find
them to be as follows :-
1. AS TO THE ADMISSION OF STUDENTS.

The following rules appear to have been adopted by
all the four societies :

Before any person can- be admitted a member, he
must furnish a statement in writing, describing his age,
residence, and conditiOn in life, arid comprising a cer-
tificate of his respectability and fitness to be admitted,
which must be signed by the party and a bencher of
the society, or two barristers. •

No person is admitted without the approbation of a
bencher, or of the benchers in council assembled.

The applicant must, before he can enter into com-
mons (and in some societies on admission), sign a
bond with surety conditional to pay the dues. Every
person applying to be admitted a member of any of the
inns must sign a declaration that he is desirous of being
admitted for the purpose of being called to the bar,
and it is required by all the societies that he shall not,
without the special permission of the society, take out
any certificate as a special pleader, conveyancer, &c.,
under the 44th George 111., c. 98, and such permis-
sion is not granted until the applicant has kepf such
commons as are necessary to qualify him to be called
to the bar, and it is given for one year only at a time.
Besides these regulations, we are informed that at
the Inner Temple and at Gray's Inn no person is ad-
missible while engaged in trade. It has also been a
rule at the Inner Temple, since the year 1829, that
no person shall be admitted without a previous exa-
mination (by a barrister appointed by the Bench for
that purpose) in classical attainments and the general
subjects of a liberal education. Such examination is
to include the Greek and Latin languages, or one of
them, and such subjects of history and general lite-
rature as the examiners may think suited to the age of
the applicant.

2. AS TO THE CALL TO THE BAR.

The following regulations appear'to be in force in
all the societies : no person in priest's or deacon's or-
ders can be called to the bar while he is on the roll, of
attorneys, solicitors, or proctors. Before a person can
be called to the bar, he must keep commons for three
years, that is, 12 terms, by dining in the hall at least
three times in each term. He must have been a
member of the inn for five yars, unless he has taken
the degree of master o 1 arts dr bachelor ()flaw at the
Universities of Oxford, Cambridge, or Dublin,--.or
(at Lincoln's Inn) is a member of the faculty of ad-
vocates in Scotland, in which case he may be called
after he has ,been a member, of the inn for three
years,; but this exception does not extend to honorary
degrees. •
A student, previously to his keeping any of the
terms requisite for his call, must deposit with the trea-
surer of the society 1001., to be returned, without in-
terest, on his being called to the bar; or, in case of
death, to his personal representatives; but this rule
does not apply to any person who shall produce a cer-
tificate of his having kept two years' terms in any
of the Universities of Oxford, Cambridge, or Dublin,
or (at Lincoln's Inn) of his being a member of the
faculty of advocates in Scotland. No person can be
called to the bar until he is 21 years of age. The
(al to the bar is by an act of the benchers in council
or parliament, &c., assembled. The name and de-
scription of every candidate for being called to the bar
must be hung up in the hall a fortnight before he is to
be called. Any person applying to be called to the
bar must make application to a master of the bench to
move for the same ; and the list of applicants to be
called to the bar at any society is always transmitted,
before the call takes place, to the other societies.
At the Inner Temple, Middle Temple, and Lin-
coln's Inn, no attorney, solicitor, or proctor, can be
admitted to commons for the purpose of being called
to the bar until his name shall have been struck off the
roll.
In Lincoln's Inn, a person wishing to be called to
the bar must read his exercises at the bar table,' and
the barristers at that table have a power of rejection,
subject to an appeal to the benchers. If not rejected
by the 'bar table, it is still necessary that he should Fe
approved by the bench.
At Lincoln's Inn it is a rule that no person in trade
is permitted to do exercises to enable him to be called
to the bar; and there is the same prohibiticu as to