The Sun.
London, England, 1851-10-13 00:00:00

•
OCTOBER 13
N°. 18,426,1 LONDON MONDAY
•
.4°
" r.t - •
,
" 1851,, 7

Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vole ,
MRS. TROLLOPE'S NEW NOVEL,
Mrs. 7. lITEIEWS ; or, Family Mysteries.
" A novel from the pen of Mrs. Trollops is hailed with eager plea-
sure in almost every circle. The excellent story-ot 'Mrs. Mathews,'
however, will, we venture to predict, be an especial favourite. Toe
pungent humour, the caustic satire, the keen knowledge of society
and the world, exhibited in this most agreeable production, mu. t
even extend the wile field of Mrs. Tr slope's fame."—Uutted Service
Magazine.
Colburn and Co., Publishers, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

Li a few days, in I vu'., post 3v0.,
WMSUTH and MAGYAR LAND; or,
Personal Adventures Burin; the War In Hungary.
By CIIARLES PICEDH.I.)I,
London : Janes Maiden, Leadenhall-street.

PUBLIC MEETING of Merchants and o.hers
Interested in the Communications with INDIA and CHINA.
via EG Y PT.
The state of political affairs in Egypt having arrivel at a crisis
which threatens not only to stop th construction of the Railway,
and to prevent the completon of the other transit improvements in
progress, but even to entanger the safety and continuance of the
existing facilities afforded by the Pacha Er the conveyance of pas-
sengers and parce a through that country ;
A PUBLIC MEETING will be held at the London Tavern,
Bishopsgate-street, on TUESDAY next, the 14th instant, at Twelve
for One o'clock, to consider and adopt such means as may bethought
most advisable, by memorialising the Uovernment or otherwise, in
order to avert the danger which now menaces the important British
Interests connected with our colonies and possessions in the East.

ANTICIPATED DISSOLUTION QF
PARLIAMENT.

THE MEN OF THE PEOPLE.
Who Is the man of the people ? Not he who talks of reform, and
economy, and retrenchment—not he who is always calling out
against extravagance and corruption, but the man who actually
saves the public money. He who can see evils and correct them
without talking. Nothing is easier than to excite the multitude
upon the subject of their real or supposed wrongs, to rouse their feel-
ings against real or imaginary evils, but the man who sets in good
earnest about redressing wrongs and correcting evils, is the real man
of the people. Everybody who wore a coat felt deeply the cost of it,
and in many cases where his income was limited, he was forced to
wear one till it was shabby ; and, moreover, if he happened to buy a
cheap one, it was shabby very soon. Now, E. MOSES and SON
saw this grievous evil many years ago and removed It. They saw
that the public was imposed upon, and they gave the people an op-
portunity of not only saving half the money laid out In dress, but fur-
nished them wills garments that looked twice as well and wore twice
as long at half the money they had been in the habit of paying. E.
MOSEI and SON employed an immense capital that they might buy
the best goods in the best market in large quantities, and paid ready -
money to lower the price, and they give the advantage of their
cheap purchases to the public. Then let the cry be—" MOSES ! the
Man of the People ! !" for he has saved the people millions, besides
clothing them better. Let any one step into their enormous esta-
blishment—their great palace of industry, at the corner of the Mino-
ries and Aldgate, or into their West-end establishment (New Oxford-
street and Hart-street), and judge for themselves. They will there
see the finest assortment of winter clothing for all classes that was
ever got together, every article marked with the price, from which
there can be no deviation, and none but those who see can believe
that it is possible to buy goods of such splendid quality at the price.
NOTICE.—This establishment will be closed on Saturday evening
next, October 18th, and will resume business as usual on Monday
morning, the 20th.
E. MOSES and SON,
London City Establishment, 154, 155, 156, and 187, Minories, 83,
44, 85, and 86, Aldgate, opposite the Church, all communicating.
London West-end Branch, 506, 507, 508, New Oxford-street, 1,2,
snd 3, Hart-street, all communicating.
Bradford " Yorkshire" Branch, 19, Bridge-street.

Sheffield Branch, 36, Fargate.
Tailors, Clothiers, Hatters, Hosiers, Furriers, Boat and Shot-
nakers. and General Outfitters for Ladies and Gentlemen.
The Establishments are closed from sunset Friday to sunset Be-
arday, when business is reamed till Twelve o'clock.

THE SILENT FRIEND.
IN SIX LANGUAGES—FORTIETH EDITION.
CO ITAIN LNG THE REMEDY FOR PREVENT' as or DISEASE.
Illustrated by One Hundred Anatomical Coloured Engraving*.
5a4 PHYSICAL DISQUALIFICATIONS, GENERATIVE LCA-
PACITY, AND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE.
4, New Edition, enlarged to 196 pages, price 2s. tie. by post, from
the Establishment, 3e. 6d. in stamps.
THE SILENT FRIEND, a Medicrd Work on
the exhaustion and physical decay of the system, produced by
"ie.:nice indulgence, the consequences of infection, or the abase of
mercury, with directions for the use of the preventive lotion, fol-
lowed by observations en Marriage, ana the disqualiticatlon.s which
prevent It. Illustrated by 100 Coloured Engravings. By R. and L.
PERRY and CO., Consulting Surgeons, 19, Earners-street, Oxford-
street, London. Sold by Strange, 21, Paternoster-row; Hannay,
63, arid Sanger. 150. Oxford-street Gordon,l46,Leadsnhall-sireet;
Barclay, 95, Farringdon.street ;W. Sutton, 10, Bow Church-yard ;
W. Edwards, 67, St. Paul's Church-yard ; Butler, 4, Cheapside ;R.
Johnson, 68, Cornhill ; and Simpkin, Stationers' Hall-court.
PANT I. treats or the anatomy Ana physiology oi the ro-prOdtletiVt
organs, and is illustrated by 28 Coloured Engravings.
PAST IL. treats of tbe consequences resulting from excessive in-
lulgence, and their lamentable effects on the system, produCink
mental and bodily weakness, nervous excitement, and generativ*
Incapacity. Illustrated by 10 Explanatory Engravings.
PART 111. treats of the diseases resulting from infection, either in
the primary or secondary form, and contains explicit directions for
their treatment. This section is illustrated by 62 Coloured Engrav-
ingB.
YAB,T IT. contains a Remedy for the Prevention of Disease by a
simple application, by which the danger of infection is obviated.
PART V.lB devoted to the consideration of marriage, and its du-
ties. The causes of unproductive union are also considered, and the
whole subject critically and philosophically inquired into.
Tan CORDIAL BALM or BYRIACUM la exclusively employed in
treating nervous and sexual debility, impotence, &c., 118. and 335.
per bottle. The Concentrated Detersive Essence, an anti-syphilitic
remedy, for purifying the blood in cases of infection, secondar;
symptoms, eruptions, and the abuse of macury, 11s. and 335. per
bottle. Perry's Purifying Specific Pills, 2s. 9d-, 4s. 6d., and Ils.
eer box, a certain remedy for gonorrhoea, gleet, stricture, and
*manic inflammation of the bladder:- Consultatlonlee, if by letter,
it. A minute detail of the case is required: age, habits, and posi.
Lion in society. tt. Packets, with advice, to be had at the Rita-
bilmeat only, by which the fee,
.ois revved.— Messrs, Petry --,
Surgeons, aro in attendance, daily, at 19, Berners-street, Oxford-
tr eet, uon don, from Eleven till Two, and Five to Eight; on Sun.
rom Eleven to One.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.

FROM TILE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.

TIMES.—IIer Majesty's progress through Lan-
cashire is one of those fortunate acts which require a
rare concurrence of character and of times. Such
events are not so casual, or so optional, so formal, or
so insignificant, as some observers might imagine.
The fact itself indicates that, as no British Sovereign
ever before visited the capital of British manueic-
ture,and its great naval emporium, so that visit never
could have been made so ,felicitously before. The
temper of the Sovereign, the state of parties, the
condition of the people, and the prospects of trade,
would at any time have interposed a fatal difficulty,
had such a scheme even been thought of. Not to go
further back thou her Majesty's own reign, had she
mustered the population of Manchester nine years
ago, such a mockery of their universal distress would
have elicited, at the best, a very forced show of
loyalty. Five years ago the embers of a furious
class struggle would have glowed too warmly under
the feet of even a royal peacemaker. Every year,
meanwhile, has added to the greatness of the cities
and the grandeur of the interests rising up, with
little favour of princes or of laws, on the banks of
the Mersey and its tributary streams. The present
is the epoch which, after centuries of development, is
the most propitious for the presence of Royalty in that
long unfriended region. The happy moment has
been seized ere it flies, and the Queen has now inter-
changed greetings with the busiest part of her popu-
lous and laborious hive. She has:seen the tiny hands
and pale faces, and she has heard the childish treble
that contribute so largely to the power of this empire,
the state of its Sovereign, the commerce of nations,
and the well-being of the world. A million in one
city, and the like number in another, have pressed on
her path to tender their zealous and unbought homage.
Within twenty-four hours two sights that the world
never saw, and may not soon see again, have attested
the well-earned success and popularity of the Royal
pair. On Tuesday afternoon a hundred and ten
thousand persons were assembled in that vast exhibi-
tion of industry, which certainly we should not have
had but for Prince Albert. On Friday morning her
Majesty heard eighty-four thousand school-children
and their teachers raise their voices in one prayer
for her welfare. These vast and deeply-interesting
assemblages were on very different occasions, and
with many a fertile plain and green hill between
them, yet either of them is worth all the
armies of a continental monarchy. Her Ma-
jesty's progress on Friday from Worsley-
hall, and the extensive canal works of its noble pro-
prietor, through Salford and Manchester, and the
populous villages around them, was for the whole
sixteen miles one continued ovation, such as warrior
has never yet enjoyed or poet or painter described.
Triumphal arches, flags, and banners, are of course
a very purchaseable description of property, but the
people who lined the road in this instance, who made
the air ring with their shouts, who had erected arches
across every street, and hung banners from every
house, were about the most independent and unpur-
chaseable of all her Majesty's subjects. They were
people who never have had, and never will have, any-
thing to do with Queen Victoria, her Court, or her
Government, except as mere subjects and citizens.
Such a fact deserves a more than sentimental consi-
deration. Here is a population, quite new on the
soil, very mixed, very laborious, accustomed to hear
all sides of political questions, and to decide them on
utilitarian principles. So new are they in their
history and circumstances, and so independent in their
opinions, that some of their demagogues have freely
propounded various schemes of separation from the
financial laws, and even the government, of the rest
of the island. Their Sovereign appears among them,
and immediately, as if under the influence of some
powerful agent in nature, all this new and un-
formed material, this rude ore from the great mine of
humanity, assumes the form and expression of the
most devoted loyalty. There are in that crowd Irish
immigrants, Roman Catholics, Englishmen ousted
from agricultural parishes, Chartists, and thousands
cursed with an education and instincts above their
condition and perhaps their intellect; but, for this
happy hour, and perhaps now for a much longer
period, they permit their enthusiasm to concentrate
on one object—on one woman, placed far above them,
clean out of sight, moving in the regions of high
power, and separated from them by a gulf which no-
thing but a romantic'sentiment can Hass over. The
spell of,her presence for the hour charms the whole of
chat vast multitude. Hidden loyalty comes out in
ill its forms. The corporation, after a faint
struggle, arrays itself in robes of scarlet
and 'black, according to its degrees, to be fit
for the Royal presence. Arches, illuminations, ban-
ners, and devices are as abundant as if Manchester were
Lyons, waiting a visit from Louis le Grand. Now,
what is it that all these myriads, from the merchant
and the man of science down to he Irish porter at a
factory or a quay, see, think, or feel in the person of
their Queen ? Why do they throw themselves so
readily: into a system which, notwithstanding its pre-
tensions, operates in so many ways injuriously, coldly
and, offensively towards themselves? What is Vic-
toria to Msnchester, or Manchester to Victoria ? The
people of Manchester see a great deal in her. They
see in her the type of order, and emblem of unity,
and an object of obedience. They see in her a link
between themselves and antiquity, between them-
selves and the great brotherhood of nations, between
themselves and the laws, between themselves and
Heaven. They have learnt that this nation is not
simply what it is made from day to day, not simply a
lump of potter's clay fashioned by the caprice of the
hour, but the growth of ages, knit together by an
..ncient constitution, and harmonized by a system of
relative duties, advancing from the humblest in the
social scale to one common centre of dutiful affection.
They see the proudest and the wealthiest men of the
land, whom they have been wont to regard as a
higher order of beings, paying a still greater homage
to one above them all, and they know that
thisone
thirty subjects, and by an
millpinenrsonß,
rihtiosnhouredand obeyed by
together
witheighat,ie plarhtuoinfbtlheestwohfolehehr subjects
ts race,
before bows
Lord of All. It was not to be expected, and indeed
it would hardly have been rational, that the corpora-
tionec the same
of Manchester should address her Majesty
without expressly acknowledging the recent measures
which have contributed so much to the present general
prosperity. There/ might, indeed, be among those
half million a handful of dissentients from the
" free
commercial policy" recognised in this address; and
possibly the delusion might detract from the gratifi-
cation with which a few of our readers would peruse
this narrative. But some allowance must be made
for the overp
owering emotions of gratitude which
must be excited in Lancashire on a comparison of its
present state with the long and dismal period of 1841-
1842. Some one observed the other day at an
agricultural meeting, that at all events we had never
had a famine under the corn-laws. We know not
exactly what is meant by the word " famine," which
is perhaps a relative term, but if that is a famine
when in a city of half-a-million inhabitants more than
half cannot get a sufficiency of wholesome food, work
how they will, for nearly two years, then Manchester
and many other manufacturing towns in its vicinity
suffered a famine at the period we have mentioned.
To have passed through that slough of despond,
and to have emerged at last into these pleasant times,
to feel that legislation has contributed to that deliver-
ance, to see and address the Sovereign whose Mi-
nister recommended those measures, and whose voice
made them law, and yet to observe an utter silence
on the subject, would argue a degree of punctilious-
ness which we should hardly expect to see anywhere,
certainly not in any region of common sense and
common feeling. Surely it would have been ridicu-
lous not to notice the fortunate circumstances which
have enabled the Sovereign of these realms for the
first time in our history to hold court in her great
manufacturing capital, in the midst of an employed
and prosperous population, and without one single
incident or recollection to mar the happiness of the
scene. Most assuredly,but for the great measure of
1846, neither Queen Victoria nor any successor of
t rathero do
sentbut
harm them
hers would have found much pleasure in a progress
through Lancashire. The mass of the people take a
common sense view of the Sovereign, and think him
gthooadn;
gsound,
thatthwehyenbeggoinodtuistnhoint
think the
Sovereign either false to his mission, or at least of no
has
areas es .
ad t
done
fihe
ee
her
ep,
rewodhpuel people
duty
are
etro e
en
themrorwee employedt
;I an
nr dnutt andetyh a
would
fed;the
el
ds
Queen
t h e
thinky
themselves less than men if they did not thank her
accordingly.

ADVERTISER.—It is no small gratification to
us to find that the suggestion first made in tbi., jour-
nal, that public meetings, and meetings of corporate
bodies, should be held in all directions, for the double
purpose of congratulating Kossuth upon his escape
from imprisonment, and on his arrival on the shores
of England, is in the course of adoption to an extent
which we little anticipated. The whole country is
already in motion. From all parts of the kingdom
we hourly receive accounts of great public meetings
being held for the purpose of addressing Kossuth ;
while the municipal corporations of England, from
the Common Council of London, down to the smallest
borough possessing municipal privileges, are busily
engaged in preparing their congratulations on
the escape of the illustrious Blogyar from the

clutches of his Austrian enemies. There is no
longer any doubt of the kind of reception
which awaits Kossuth. It will be such as was
never before accorded to any foreigner by the people
of these realms—such as was never given in any
other country to a stranger—and such as has been
rarely received even by the crowned'heads of our own
land. It is a remarkable fact, thee the very moment
at which we are penning this article, Kossuth is shar-
ing with Queen Victoria the thoughts of the English
people, and in a few days he will be welcomed into
the heart of our great metropolis, amid acclamations
scarcely less general, less loud, or less hearty, than
those which have greeted the royal processions which
Quen Victoria has on various occasions made to
Guildhall. To say that this will ha the proudest week
in the life of the distinguished Hungarian, would he
to employ a phraseology far short of that which the
occasion requires. It will be a succession of days
such as have seldom been Witnessed' in the history
of any hero, either of ancient or modern times.
And yet he will receive no snore than he well de-
serves ; for a purer patriot, a more disinterested
man, a person of higher integrity; of greater ad-
ministrative capacity as a public servant, or more
prepared at any time to make any amount of sacri-
fice for his principles and his country, has rarely been
met with in any age, or in any part of the world. So
far as Kossuth himself is concerned, everything pro-
mises to go off in the way which his most devoted
friends and admirers could wish. But in order to
make the demonstrations of this week complete, they
ought not to be confined to the ex-Governor of Hun-
gary. He is not the only person who claims the ad-
miration and the homage of the civilised world. There
is another name which ought to be associated with
his, in these expressions of public opinion which the
arrival of Kossuth will call forth on our shores. There
is the name of the Sultan. Never did man better
deserve the esteem, the admiration, the thanks of the
friends of justice,' humanity, and of freedom, through-
out the world. Nobly has he acted in the case of
Kossuth and the Hungarian refugees. He has set them
at liberty, and escorted them in safety to a place of
refuge, where they felt they had no reason to fear the
Austrian assassin's dagger. The sacrifices the Sultan
has made, and the perils to which he has exposed
himself, cannot be fully appreciated in this country.
They cannot be known or comprehended beyond the
confines of his own dominions. They can only be
understood in all their magnitude by himself. He had
to withstand, in the first instance, the combined en-
treaties of Austria and Russia, to retain the Hun-
garian patriots in the prisons to which they had been
consigned. And when it was found that no solicita-
tions, no entreaties, no attempts at cajolery, were of
any avail, his humanity and bis love of justice were
assailed by the artillery of Russo-Austrian menaces.
He was threatened with the fiercest displeasure of
these two formidable powers, in the event of bis ac-
quiescing in the liberation of Kossuth and his com-
panions. No terms were to be held with him. The
threat of an utter dismemberment of his empire
was held in terrorem over the Sultan's head.
And yet, notwithstanding this formidable combina-
tion of influences to induce the Sultan to retain
the Magyar patriots in bondage, he has nobly set
them free. He counted the cost. He prepared himself
to run any risks, to make any personal sacrifices, to ex-
pose his empire to any dangers, however great, rather
than shrink from doing what he regarded as an act of
justice, of humanity, and of generosity. He faltered
not in his duty. He generously did the deed. He
unbarred the doors of the prison, and with a voice,
and in a way worthy the loftiest exhibitions ever
made of the nobility of our nature, he bid the pri-
soners go free. And shall such truly illustrious con-
duct as this fail to receive its meed of reward from us ?
Shall we appear in the eyes of the world as a people
who cannot appreciate those high and holy develop-
ments of human nature, which go so far to redeem
its character ? Let us, on the contrary, prove to all
the world, that we not only can, but do, duly appre-
ciate such conduct, and that those who display the
same nobility of nature as the Sultan, cannot fail to
obtain a nation's approval, and receive a nation's re-
ward—the reward of a boundless admiration and
the highest esteem. But there are other and no less
urgent reasons for a recognition, just at this moment,
of the humanity and generosity of the Sultan in re-
leasing Kossuth and his companions from their irk-
some confinement. Austria has renewed her menaces.
In the communication from our German correspon-
dent, which appeared in our paper of Saturday, there
will-be ,founde some inter-.meting information on this
point. The organ of the CourfirVienna, speaking,
there can be no doubt, under official inspiration, con-
tains in its latest number these remarkable passages :
—" The nature of our relations towards the Porte
has now entirely changed, and, for the future, we
have only to consult the interests of our own state.
This view should serve as the future guide of
Austrian policy. We shall act in every case as the
advantage of the state proscribes, even when the
interests of the Porte are not in unison with that
advantage, for we are no longer bound 'by treaties
with Turkey. Its existence interests us only so far
as it interests our policy. The conduct of the refu-
gees themselves, and of their foreign protectors, will
not fail to influence for the future the position which
Austria will assume towards the Sublime Porte. The
latter must now rely on the gratitude of those who are
our enemies. It is for the Porte to examine whether
it has placed in safe hands its relations towards the
neighbouring European States." These are significant
words. They clearly indicate what Austria would do
if she dared. Whether she will, or will not, dare to
carry her menaces towards Turkey into effect, will
depend- entirely on circumstances. And on no cir-
cumstance will the conduct of Austria towards the
Sublime Porte depend so much as on the attitude
which England will assume in reference to
these threats. Now, nothing could he so much
calculated to convince the Court of Vienna, that
this country will not stand idly by and see Turkey
injured in any way by Austria, than such an ,expres-
sion of the national feelings and sentiments towards
the Sultan as we are commending. If there be, at
this time, a decided and unanimous
expression of
England's cordial approval of the Sultan's conduct in
reference to Kossuth, Austria, we may be sure, will
not fail to attach due importance to such an utterance
of the nation's will. The Court of Vienna knows
full well that our Government must act in consonance
with the views and wishes of the people, and that the
people of England having once fairly identified them-
selves with the Sultan in this matter, it will be at
Austria's peril if she attempt to hurt a hair of the
Sultan's head.

SONG-BIRD i.—RENIARKABLE CASE OF THE
RODIN AND A NIGHTINGALE.
The most remarkable instance I ever remember to
have met with, of a young pupil not only imitating but
far surpassing his tutor, was about nine years ago, in
Jermyu-street, Haymarket. At that period, I revelled
in the undisturbed enjoyment of a large aviary, num-
bering no bwer than 366 inhabitants, all first-rate
songsters; and my fame as an amateur had spread
widely. Among the multitude of my visitors was a
gentleman,
who informed mo that a friend of his was
to, and on presenting
possessed of a most wonderful bird, that he should much
into the drawing-room.
ale cages—suspended on
like me to see and hear. I took the address, and went
at an early day to view the prodigy.
ghtingale in it, had an
mlthtye(h)
open front; the other had a green curtain drawn down
card,
aer Id s: enteringalw
o wagtlie,
ot
ahoctefa
gothlenioils :It 1 1
wsi ghi
thehrt
ei referredandgni
over the front, concealing the inmate.
After a little dis-
course on the subject of ornithology, my y host asked me
—if I should like to hear one of his nightingales sing?
Of course, I was all expectation. Placing me beneath
the cage, and drawing up the curtain before alluded to,
the bird above, at a whistle from his master, broke out
in a succession of strains that I never heard surpassed
by any nighting,ale. They were indeed surprisingly
eloquent. " What a nightingale!"_ ejaculated I.
The rapid utterance of the bird, his perfect abandon
to the inspiration of his muse, and his indifference to all
around him, caused me to involuntarily exclaim with
Coleridge:—
a ----- That strain again !
Full fain it would delay me.,,
And so it did. I stood riveted to the spot, knowing how
seldom nightingales in a cage so deported themselves.
After listening SOLD° time, and expressing my astonish-
ment 'at the long-repeated efforts of the performer—so
unusual, I asked to be allowed a sight of him. Permis-
sion wes granted;—the curtain was raised, and I saw
before me—a Robin!! This bird had been brought up
under the nightingale from his very earliest infancy;
and not only equalled, but very far surpassed, his man-
ter in song. Dicier d, be put him down, and silenced him
altogether. This identical bird, I should add, was sold
a few weeks afterwards, for nine guiuess—he was worth
the money. In this case the robin retained no one
single note of his own, whereby the finest ear could de-
tect him; and this paves the way to still more singular
discoveries hereafter.— If' :Ilium Kidd, in the Gardener's
Chronicle.

THE GREAT NORTHERN SEWER.—The Commis-
sioners of Sewers are now constructing the Great Northern
Trunk Sewer, connecting the sewers of the northern districts
with the leviathan sewer recently formed along Charing-
cross and Parliament-street. It passes from the end of the
Haymarket, up Great Windmill-street, along Little Wind-
mill-street, Cambridge-street, &c, to Poland-street and Ox-
ford-street, the greater portion of this neighbourhood being
entirely destitute of sewerage., The great elevation of these
spots above the level of the]. hamea has rendered it necessary
to sink the bed of the sewer to an extraordinary depth, up-
wards of 120 feet below the surface.

LORD-LOVING BOROUGHS.
(Froin the Weekly Dispatch.)
Mr. Editor,—When it is complained by Reformers
that the House of Commons has really become only a
secondary and subordinate House of Lords, that Com-
moners are swamped in it by Lords and the relatives
and nominees of Lords, and that such is the influx of
these sprigs of the Peerage that the Commons them-
selves are merely a minority and fraction of their own
representative House—when Reformers say this, they
are gravely accused of deiiring legally to exclude
every titled person from the Legislature, and of thus
afronting► the sense and wishes of the people at large,
who greatly love and venerate a Lord, and are never
so happy in their votes as when they are giving it to a
Lard at an election. Now I will not deny that very
many electors are snobs, and hold that being a Lord
is the best qualification for being also a legislatorial
Commoner. The Reform Bill was constructed so as
to enfranchise the servile in a larger proportion than
the independent classes; still, I cannot altogether
believe even the existing constituencies to be such a
lickspittie set as they are described. The Lords in
question are not real Lords, or they would be in the
Upper House. Their title is only a courtesy or a
sham ; and the appearance of popular confidence im-
plied in the selection of them to legislate, is an as-
sumption and a sham also. Just consult khatgreat con-
stitutional authority, of such groirinfi repute in late
years, Dodd, and see how Lords get into the House
of Commons.

Some make their way there natually and honour-
ably. Lord Dudley Stuart does not write himself
M.P. for Marylebone because he is a son of the
Marquis of Bute. For that, he has better titles than
his title. He is a true-hearted man, evaxprompt and
earnest in the cause of the oppressed, whitEer at home
or abroad. To him no exile, proscribed by despotism
for his virtues, is a foreigner. His feelings are ever
gallant and chivalric. The Pole and the Chartist find
refuge beneath the shield of his protection. Nature
has her noblemen, and he is one of them. The
" common heart" of humanity swells in his breast.
It is a joy to Reformers where such Lords represent
the Commons of England. He sits for the huge
borough of Marylebone with its masses of voters.
Nor is it a scandal to Reformers that such a man as
Lord John Russell was returned by the metropolitan
constituency. They took him after landlords had re-
jected him, and counties had cast him out. He was
identified, for the time, with the two great principles
of free trade and religious liberty. He was Premier,l
and at the last election with presumable power to se-
cure the continued application of one of those princi-
ples, and to give a new triumph and extension to the
other. What was the " Lord" worth, on that occa-
sion? How many votes did it win for the Parlia-
mentary leader of the Liberal party ? I inquire not
into his consistency. I ask not whether the exertions
which returned him have produced an adequate har-
vest from his administration. Be that as it may, he
entered the House of Commons by an honourable
road, by the highway of ability and character.
This is the way in which large constituencies deal
with deserving Lords. It is creditable to both parties,
the elected and the electors. But these are rare cases.
It is not thus that Commoners have been swamped by
the peerage in their own House, their peculiar portion
of the Legislative body. When it is intimated that
an instinct of human nature, especially a tendency of
English nature, is violated by any impatience that the
House of Commons does not, mainly and characteris-
tically, consist of Commoners, we are bound to ask how
it is that so many Lords get there, with all their at-
tendant satellites. Nor is there any mystery in the
matter. I take the following twenty boroughs from the
Guide Book :—Arundel, A nglesea, Bewciley, Bucking-
ham, Bury St. Edmund's, Chichester, Dungannon,
Evesham, Hertford, Lichfield, Marlborough, Sand-
wich, Scarborough, St. Ives, Stamford, Thetford,
Totnes, Wilton, Windsor, and Woodstock. In all,
these places have thirty Members. That fact is bad
enough, seeing that if the representation were equally
distributed according to population, their share would
be just four Members. But let that pass. Each of
these boroughs returns a Lord ; some of them, with
their double representation, return a lord and a lackey
--as Stamford, where, to take care of that empty-
headed and full-mouthed spluttering Marquis of
Granby, the Marquis of Exeter sends also that an-
cient red•tape back, Mr. lierries ; the decent people
of the borough having petitioned that it may be dis-
franchised, to get rid of the disgrace thus inflicted
upon them. Well, each of these boroughs elects a
Lord, and what light does that case upon the popular
penchant for " our old nobility ?" What have the
people to do with it? The entire amount of popula-
don in these 20 boroughs was, in 1841, just 137,159
persons, i. e., less than the increase only of the
population of the West Riding of Yorkshire
within the last ten years; about two-fifths of that
of Lancashire in the same period ; and less than one-
third of that of the metropolis. The entire constitu-
encies for these 20 Lords and their 10 attendants num-
bered 9,634, being 1,000 less than the constituency
of Bristol, 2,000 less than that of Marylebone, 3,000
less than that of Manchester, and half that of the City
of London. That is the way the mob of Lords gets
into the House of Commons, not by the people's love
and confidence. The average of a constituency for
these twenty Peers is 4811. And that average is en-
hanced by two or three comparatively large towns,
though notoriously under the direct influence of some
member of the Peerage. Take the more common
run of the registered constituencies, we have such
numbers as the following :-261, 250, 196, 160. The
Lord-loving instict is rather low in the scale. It
haunts the desolate places of the land. It affects
solitude, like a maiden crazed by an unfortunate at-
tachment. If the Peerage sings "How shall I my
true love know, from any other love ?" the answer is,
you will find her in the dark and dirty beer-shop of
some forlorn, filthy, stinking, out-of-the-way col-
lection of hovels, "far from the busy haunts of
men," in a condition that courts corruption, and is
too slavish for intimidation. A Lord's path to Par-
liament leads by the village dunghill. However,
luteat scintillula forsan ; some spark of independence
may exist even here, and burst out in an election
contest. In that case, by what majorities do Lords
triumph ? One (Lord Mandeville, for Bewdley)
polls the victorious amount of 171 votes. Another
(Lord Marcus Hill, for Evesham) polls 125. Lord
William Powlett, for St. lye's, reaches the com-
manding height of 262. And Totnes aggrandizes
itself and Lord Seymour by a mighty phalanx of
280 votes. Thus do plebians rush to the poll for the
gods of their idolatry. In seven contested elections
the winning Lords polled an aggregate of 2,082 voters,
or an average of 2971 each. And we may select
seven Peers who represent 1,658 constituents, or an
average of 237 each. The average for borough Mem-
bers, including a host of little, venal, commanded
places, is 1,045 electors each. And now does
not the mystery begin to clear up of our having
a so-called House of Commons, of which one-
half either consists of members of the
aristocracy, or of those who by various ties are
intimately connected therewith ? It is little wonder
that they are there, when we see how they get there.
The supposition of a Lord-loving instinct in English
electors is quite a superfluous theory. Facts help us
to a very different solution of the phenomena, and one
which imperatively shows the necessity for that first
item in the demands of the Reformers—a re-distribu-
tion of the representation, so as to put it, and to keep
it, in some due proportion:to the population and pro-
perty of the country.
Other instances there doubtless are in which Lords
sit for large constituencies, with no other apparent
qualification for the Senate than their rank. They
sit for counties, where they or their connexions hold
huge tracts of land ; and where the numbers on the
poll may be accurately predicted by inspection of an
estate map of the county. Colour the different proper-
ties, and you will see whether blue or yellow will win,
without bestowing a single thought on the human be-
ings who, at the booth, will go through the process of
enunciating the names of the candidates, and enacting
the solemn farce of a public choice. Other lords, in
two or three cases, sit for large constituencies, they
having a scent for corruption, and spending gallantly.
The Marquis Douro did not spend freely at the last
Norwich election; and then what happened? Why,
that Mr. John H. Parry, a comparatively unknown
man, though rising as he deserves in his profession,
with no local connexion or influence, a thoroughgoing
and uncompromising Radical, with nothing for him
but his ow4frank, manly eloquence, and his inde-
pendence ofkaracter, and standing for the first time,
ran the Marquis of Douro within 155 votes out of
1,727, in spite of all the prestige of the paternal glory,
of previous occupation of the seat, and of the rate at
which it had been originally purchased. The noble
representative will never repeat the experiment of a
non-paying election for Norwich. Such cases as
these only remind us of the very trite proverb that
exceptions prove the rule. Honour, especial honour
to talent and patriotism in Peers and their relatives,
and a full measure of the people's love and trust; but
it is neither for the one nor by the other that so many
of them are crammed into the House of Commons.
With such exceptions as have been adverted to, the
Lords in the House of Commons are not sent there
by the people, but in spite of the people, in defiance
of their rights, opinions, and preferences, and in gross
violation of all semblance of representation. When
they are really the people's choice,
ne. Reformer
objects to their eligibility. No one is insensible to

[PRICE SD.

the beauty and worth of an honourable career in the
Lower House, terminating in a consistent and equally
patriotic course in the Upper House. The Democrat
rejoices in the co-operation of such aristocracy. N( r
is the right of the people disputed to fill the House
of Commons exclusively with Lords, if they so please.
The wisdom, were such the fact, might be called in
question. It might be doubted whether the grievanes,
a othe
belong o
people,
ie itsop t
l oe s. t
he peoplel wants, and claims of the industrial classes would be
best explained and enforced by members of a class re-
moved,ocsiatli ipotsh position, t iao
rightrne,
,fricitans
nulaanyl.l
actual sympathy with the great mass of its consti-
tuents.
not unreasonably be argued, most likely best to plead
fornd t
o in
Those
consequence
representwh
questioned. The Reformers' objection is not there.
It is to the way in which the result is
accomplished ; and of the nature of that way
the result itself is evidence, evidence confirmed
by the facts. SJ m3ny Lords, and Lords' nominees,
have not jostled the people out of their own House
fairly. "Neu a representative !" we may say to
them, "how corned ye so ?" One section may an-
swer, by bribery, corruption, intimidation; and
of a few
another section point to its little faggots
are there because the
ts
dozen voters. They have sneaked into the House
it. They have bought or com-
oices of some hundred and fifty
scamps
che
asor
mnop
dul
pege s
dhc
at
tnbh bye-ways.
sit-
wt wt
helpel aeeyt s
pv.
edlington, and then assume the
right to sneer at Manchester or London. To a con-
siderable and discreditable extent, we area servileige-
neration ; but we are nothing like so servile as the
state of the House of Commons seems to indicate. It
libels us. It is not representative. The ghost, or
rather the putrid corse of boroughmongery, haunts
the-place. If the new Reform Bill, be worth a straw,
it must abolish these little borough nuisances. They
are the private entrance, the back door, through
which Lords and their dependents passe instead
of manfully confronting the crowd at the public en-
trance. Let us have no more nonsense about keeping
snug little places for men of talent and character.
Such men get in far more easily for large constitu-
tuences. They win by their talent and character.
When did either win Harwich or St. Alban's? It is
all pretence. These dung-heaps are kept for the
aristocracy to grow their mushrooms upon. If
Lords be so popular as is pretended, why do they
object to universal suffrage ? or to household suffrage?
or to large constituencies ? or to free voting by the
ballot? Aye, why ? PUBLICOLA.

RETURN OF THE COURT TO WINDSOR.
As early as seven o'clock on Saturday morning
his Royal Highness Prince Albert proceeded from
Worsley, through Bolton to Barrow Bridge, to visit
the extensive cotton mills of Messrs. Gardner and
Baxley. Sir John Potter, the Mayor of Manchester,
Mr. Ainsworth, the Mayor of Bolton, and several of
the principal inhabitants of the district were invited
to meet his Royal Highness. The Prince having
made a most minute inspection of the works, expressed
himself highly gratified with his visit and what he
had seen.

Whilst his Royal Highness was absent from this
place, a most interesting scene occurred. Her
Majesty having condescended to receive an address
from the clergy, teachers, and children connected
with the schools upon the Earl of Ellesmere's estate,
large bodies of the children began to arrive in the
park at an early hour. At half-past ten the whole
of the children, numbering 1,400, were assembled on
the green slopes at the north front of the mansion,
when her Majesty appeared in the portico, and
received from the hands of the Rev. St. Vincent
Beechy, incumbent of Worsley, a congratulatory ad-
dress, descriptive of the happiness occasioned by the
visit of the Sovereign to a district where the inhabi-
tants enjoyed the privilege of living under a kind and
indulgent patron, fur whose works of benevolence
and charity they could never feel sufficiently grateful.
After the presentation of the address, the children
sang two verses of the National Anthem, led by a
juvenile band, her Majesty remaining in the portico
until after this tribute of loyalty had been paid. This
interesting scene was witnessed by all the noble and
distinguished guests staying at the hall, and by a
great number of the leading inhabitants of the
district.

After the Queen's return from Manchester her
Majesty, o❑ Friday night, visited Worsley Church,
and walked through the grounds to the old hall, the
residence of Mr. George Locb, returning through
the homestead, and examining, with much interset,
the domestic economy of Lady Ellesmere's poultry-
yard.

The dinner circle at night included the Mayor of
Manchester and a few other additions to the party in
the mansion. After dinner the Countess of Elles
mere received about 100 of the leading clergy and
inhabitants of the district. During the evening the
patentee of the electric light exhibited it from various
parts of the park and grounds.
Oa Saturday morning a matinak in honour of the
Queen was performed under her Majesty's window
by a party of operatives from Manchester.
Shortly before eleven o'clock, at which hour his
Royal Highness Prince Albert returned from Bolton,
preparations were commenced for her Majesty's de-
parture from Worslay.
The Worsley troop of Yeomanry Cavalry arrived
in the park at an early hour, and formed an avenue
from the mansion to the pavilion, where her Majesty
embarked in the state barge destined to convey the
Royal party to Patricroft.
Her Majesty embarked at eleven o'clock, and was
conveyed along the Bridgewater Canal amidst the
enthusiastic cheers of the thousands of spectators
lining its banks.
At the Patricroft station George:Glyn Esq., M.P.,
chairman of the London and North-Western Rail-
way Company, was in attendance with the royal
train to receive her Majesty.
Her Majesty was accompanied to Patricroft by the
Earl and Countess of Ellesmere, the Earl of Sefton,
the Duke and Duchess of Norfolk, the Marquis and
Marchioness of Westminster, the Earl and Countess
of Derby, the Earl and Countess of Wilton, and all
the youthful members of Lord Ellesmere's family.
The Queen having taken leave of Lard and Lady
Ellesmere and the other noble and distinguished per-
sons present, the train moved off at a rapid rate to-
wards Manchester. The populaticn had here
turned out in great numbers to see the Royal cortege
pass. As it went round the curves skirting this dis-
trict the speed of the train was slackened, and the
immense crowds of parties assembled had thereby a
good opportunity of seeing their beloved Sovereign.
At Stockport and all the other important towns on
the route of the train large numbers of the popula-
tion had gathered together, by whom her Majesty
was received with every mark of respect and loyal
enthusiasm.

At Stafford, the mayor and corporation were upon
the platform in their official robes. The royal train
stopped here to take in water, and the mayor had the
honour of an introduction to her Majesty.
At Rugby a great crowd had also congregated at
the station, amongst whom were the boys of the Rugby
School, accompanied by their masters. The journey
thence was admirably performed.
Her Majesty arrived at Watford at three minutes
after five, and, having thanked Mr. Glyn and Captain
Huish, the manager of the line, for the excellent man-
ner in which time had been kept, immediately pro-
ceeded with the royal suite, in four of the royal car-
riages and four, through Watford and Uxbridge, to
Windsor Castle, where the Illustrious party arrived
shortly before seven o'clock.

DEPARTURE
RO OF THEBOR NE ROYAL FAMILY
M OS.
PORTSMOUTH, SUNDAY.—Their Royal Highnesses
the Princesses Helena and Louisa, and his Royal
Highness Prince Arthur, with Lady Caroline Bar-
rington and the Hon. Captain Denman, embarked on
Saturday morning, at nine o'clock, from Osborne, on
board the royal yacht the Elfin, Master Commander
Balliston, and came up to Portsmouth. The Com-
mander-in-Chief, Admiral Sir Thomas Briggs,
G.C.M.G., with Captain Martin, C. 8., and Flag-
Lieutenant Pasley, met the royal children on their
landing at the Clarence Yard, and conducted them to
the railway carriage, and at ten o'clock they were en
route for London to meet their august parents.

(FROM TUB COURT NEWSMAN.)
WINDSOR, SATURDAY.
Her Majesty, his Royal Highness Prince Albert,
the Prince of Wales, the Princess Royal, Prince Al-
fred, and the Princess Alice arrived from the north at
27 minutes past seven o'clock this evening, having
left the Patricroft station at twelve o'clock, and ar-
riving at Watford at a quarter-past five, from whence
they proceeded in three carriages and four to Windsor
Castle. The attendants on ber Majesty were the
Viscountess Canning, the Hon. Beatrice Byng,
Colonel Hon. A. Gordon, Sir James Clark, and the
Rev. Mr. Birch.
Earl Grey left the Royal party at Watford, t
was escorted from Watford boypro-
ceed
Hert
o town. Majesty
de-
tachments of the Bth Hussars, the Uxbrdge Yeo-
mainireyr,mana
jdotthye Rwoaysarleliceoivresed Guards.
Her rdasd.
Caroline Bar-
rington with the junior members of the Royal Family,
and by the Lord Chamberlain, the Equerry in Wait-
ing, and the Master of the Household-