The Sun.
London, England, 1856-04-17 00:00:00

Spirit of the Public Journals.

(Prom the Morning Herald of this day.)
We have adverted this week to two of the points
in the terms of that agreement which misplaced
courtesy calls a " peace," but which we have re-
peatedly shown to be the ground from whence may
Germinate complications to involve both the eastern
and western races in one common disaster.
We dealt first with the permission conceded to
Russia to retain a certain number of vessels of war
in the Black Sea, and to form a steam flotilla at
Nicolaieff, against the time when she shall, ac-
cording to her traditional policy, be prepared to
• convoy to the shores of the Mediterranean those
Eastern hordes who ultimately must look on her
as their protectress and avenger.
We explained next that either Anapa is to be
preserved as a Russian fortress to overawe the
Circassians, or to be destroyed, lest it should give
the Circassians a point d' appui of resistance against
the Russians, no stipulation for the independence
of Circassia being a possible part of the policy of
her Majesty's present advisers. To-day we have
to say a very few words on the means taken to
produce insurrection in Turkey.
Our readers will have seen accounts of serious
insurrections which have taken place at Mecca, in
Kurdistan, and in
other parts of the Ottoman do-
minions. There is no difficulty in tracing these
movements to their primary cause—the hatti
humayoon, by which discontent has been sown
broadcast amongst the Christian and Mussulman
populations subject to the Porte, as it is a violation
of the rights and privileges of the followers of
both faiths, and an interference of the Western
Powers with the integrity and independence of the
Sultan, which they professed to take up arms to
defend.

The particular point to which we wish to direct
attention is the position of the Eastern Christians,
upon whom, under pretence of relieving them from
a burden of which they have not complained, is
imposed a violation both of their civil and religious
riots, which from the time of their original capitu-
lations successive Sultans have always respected,
with which Christians have heretofore been satis-
fied, and which are now destroyed.
First, the Eastern Churches, which have from
time immemorial had the faculty of electing their
spiritual chiefs, are now deprived of that permission,
and are subject to the nomination of the Divan, so
that the Eastern Church has been virtually made
Erastian, and has been reduced to the same state
that the Russian Churches were at the time of
Peter the Great. This is at once a degradation of
the Oriental Christians and a violation of Maho-
medan law, which has always recognised as a funda-
mental principle the right of every religious com-
munity to govern itself by, its own institutions and
to appoint its own head.
Secondly, the conscription for military service
has been also forced upon the Christian subjects of
the Porte. A most onerous burden, from which they
have always been exempt, is invented to oppress
them, and Mussulmans and Christians are com-
pelled to serve in discriminately and side by side in
the same racks, in direct violation of the scruples
of each, an arrangement which, by its mere con-
templation, has raised in Christian and Moslem in-
ternecine hatreds against each other, and both
against the Government at Constantinople.
By the convention of the Bth of May, 1854, the
English and French troops are bound to evacuate
the strongholds of Turkey within forty days after
the ratification of a treaty of peace ; but as this
firman, extorted by the Allies, must bring about a
state of anarchy in that ill-fated country, a pretext
is afforded for its continued occupation by those
armies which we are bound by treaty to withdraw.
The peace will, therefore, be a peace with Russia
alone ; the state of war will be kept up by the
various occupiers, by England, by France, by
Austria, as well as by unhappy Turkey. Our war
expenditure will continue, our waste of treasure,
aye, and of life also, will not cease, and we shall
be left to derive what consolation we can from the
knowledge that what spare capital we have is
employed in developing the internal resources of
Russia, and upon the rockets to be fired in Hyde-
park in honour of the peace.

(From the Morning Advertiser of this day.)
The fact has become too palpable to be any
longer concealed, that there is a deep and rapidly-
extending feeling of hostility towards this country,
on the part of the people of France. We allude to
the fact in the hope twat a few explanatory obser-
vations may go far to diminish, if not entirely to
remove, this unfriendly feeling. It has its origin
in the assumption that their Ruler is popular ie
this country, and that his continuance in the posi-
tion which he occupies is mainly to be ascribed to
the moral support which he derives from his popu-
larity in England. The whole thing is a miscon-
ception and a mistake. The people of Francs con-
found. our Government with the people of England.
They assume that what the Government do is done
with the entire concurrence of the country. There
could not be a greater error. The people of Eng-
land have no more sympathy with many of the
acts oF their Government than the people of
France have with the despotism which exists in the
Tuileries.

Take, as an illustration, the case of the Peace
which has just been concluded. Never was any
measure more unpopular with the English nation
than this Treaty of Peace. They are ashamed of
their country, because their Government has come
to terms so ignominious and unsafe. There is hardly
a man in the kingdom who did not feel as if ho had
sustained some private calamity, when he heard
that Lord Palmerston had consented to accept con-
ditions of peace, which, after all our expenditure
of blood and treasure, and loss of military prestige,
'conceded everything to Russia that she could
desire.

And so it is with regard to other portions of the
policy of the Palmerston Administration. The na-
tion utterly repudiate some measures which Go-
vern me n t introduce into Parliament, and, by
means of a subservient House of Commons, carry
with comparative ease.

It is therefore of the utmost importance that a
distinction should be made between the Govern-
ment and the people of Eeglaud ; audit' the people
of France could only ba led to inquire into the ac-
tual state of affairs between this country and their
0 wn, they would find that whatever popularity the
man who is, p;-o tem., their chief magistrate, may
possess with the English Government, he is not
popular with the Eagiish nation. On the contrary,
our sympathies are with oppressed nationalities ;
and no nationality is more trodden down than the
French, at the moment at which we write.
We may, perhaps, be reminded of the reception
which was given to their Ruler when he visited this
country ten monthsago, and be asked how we recon-
cile that reception with our statement, that he is
not, properly speaking, popular in this country ?
The answer is alike easy and conclusive. It was
not to him, individually, that we offered the ex-
pression of our homage. It was to the French peo-
ple presumed to be impersonated in him. We
wished, too, to proclaim to the world how hearty
was our alliance with France. He himself so un-
derstood the matter. And is all his public ad-
dresses he acknowledged the fact in the most ex-
plicit terms. He never ceased to disclaim the idea
of supposing that the ovations with which his foot-
steps, while on our shores, were followed, were
meant for him individually ; but, on the contrary,
declared that ho was profoundly impressed with
the conviction, that they were intended for the
people of France, in whose name, and as whose
B,lvereiga' he had come among us. In accord-
ance .with this represntation of the real state
of the mie, we affirm, in the most confident
manner, that, were a change of dynasty to take
place among our neighbours to-morrow, and the
newly-elected of the peeP le, whether as Sovereign
or President, to visit our shores a few weeks after-
wards, he would not only meet with as
enthusias-
tic a reception as that which was
ac corded last year
to Leuis Napoleon, but one a great deal more so,
inasmuch as a chief magistrate of France, really
gh whicha
with o
chosen by the people, would
lhailedis
heartiness by a nation like the
representative of Absolutistprinciples ever could b 3.
Were, for example, either ,Cavaiguae, or any
other the course of those changesy
other Republican,
which the wheel of fortune brings round in nations
as well as in the history of individuals, to appear
on the soil of England a few months hence, as Pre-
sident-of a French Republic,-7his progress through
our land, and our streets, would be one uninter-
rupted seees of magnificent ovations. Had
Lemartine, during, the few mouths he was at the
head of affairs in France, in the year 1848, visited
our shores,. ho would, for the reasons we have
stated, have met will a reception far exceeding in
enthusiasm that which wae: laet year accorded to
the present possessor of supreme power in France.
This is no mere assertion. ,We can confirm it
by a reference to fact. Who has yet forgotten—
whoever will forget, the reception with which
Kossisth was greeted when ho presented himself
among us? We' venture to say that nothing like
that reception was ever given to any Emperor or
Sovereign in ancient or modern times. The recep- .
Lion accorded to the Ruler of France could not
bear a moment's comparisan with that which was
given, to the illustrious Hungarian.
teaL3t then the people of France be undeceived
with regard to the feelings with which the present
system in their country is viewed by us. If any
ulsorne compliments are paid to their Chief Ma-
gistrate. by our Government that will not be the
act of the people of England.' If the French shall
be fofitunate enough to get a Ruler more in accord-
iluee:With their own feelings and principles, they
may "eV on this, that such a man will be popular

with the English nation. The allia na a which we
wish to cherish with France is witk. -Ile people of
that country. And such an alliance —a real and
cordial alliance between the two peoples—would
not only be productive of incalculable advantage to
themselves, but prove the source of unspeakable
good to all the nations of Europe. And, happily,
we feel assured that things are rapidly tending to
a consummation so devoutly to be wished.

Sporting Intelligence.

•,.........41)11.,,..........

NEWMARKET CRAVEN MEETING.
THE SUBSCRIPTION Roo M. —TUESDAY NIGHT. •
The subjoined list of quotations will sufficiently indi
cate the nature and extent of the business transacted

NEWMARKET HANDICAP.
4to 1 agst Fisherman (taken and offered)
7to 1 agst Jolly Marine (taken)
9to 1 agst Smack (taken)
9 to 1 art Mary (taken), 12 to 1 also laid
THE TWO THOUSAND.
sto 4on the field (offered)
9to 1 agst Bird in Hand (taken)
20 to 1 agst Brother to Bird-on-Wing (taken)

CHESTER CUP.
7to 1 agst Hospitality (taken)
12 to 1 agst Yorkshire Grey (taken)
1000 to 70 agst Imogene (taken)
1000 to 40 agst Fatalist (taken)
33 to 1 agst Scythian (offered)
40 to 1 agst Pumicestone (offered)

THE DERBY.
7to 1 apt Cannobie (taken)
Bto 1 agst Ellington (taken)
10 to 1 agst Yellow Jack (offered)
25 to 1 agst Fly-by-Night (offered)
50 to 1 agst Sugar Plum (taken)
1000 to 10 agst Furioso (taken)

WEDNESDAY.

Handicap Plate of 501., for three-yr-olds and upwards.
A.F. 1 mile 2 fur. 73 yards.

Mr. J. Barnard's Woodcock, by Flatcatcher, 3 yrs,
Est 121 b (Cresswelll 1
Mr. Bird's Ariosto, aged, Est 121 b (Bartholomew) 2
Sir R. Pigot's br to Folly o' the Day, 3 yrs, Gst 21b
(Fordham) 8

The Czar and Donald also ran.

Betting-7 to 4 agst Ariosto-4 to 1 agst Woodcock
and Donald-9 to 2 agst the Czar.
Won by a neck ; three lengths between the second
and third ; the other two beaten off.
The Column Stakes of 50 soya each, h. ft, for three-
year olds ; colts, 83t 71b ; fillies, Bst 41b ; certain al-
lowances. R.M. 1 mile 17 yards. 27 subs.
Duke of BAlford's Palmer, by (Thatham, Bst 41b
(S. Rogers) 1
Mr. Bowes's Victoria, Bst 41b (Bartholomew) 2
Lord Glasgow's colt, by Orlando, out of Clarissa,
Bst 41b
The following also ran :—Maid of Mashann colt, and
The Flying Duchess.
Betting— G to 4 on Walmer-3 to 1 agst the Clarissa
colt.

The favourite got off with the lead, was not headed,
and won easily by a length ; three quarters of a length
between the second and third; bad fourth,
Match, Bst 71b each ; 100 h ft. Last half of Ab. M. 3
furlong,' 217 yards.
_ _ _

Mr. Payne's filly by Cutherstone, out of Catalpa
(Flatman) 1
Duke of Bedford's Palm (S. Rogers) 2
Won by a bead.
The Craven Handicap Plate of 1001. Certain winners
extra. T.Y.C. 5 furlongs 140 yards.
Mr. Fisher's New Brighton, by Birkenhead, 6 yrs,
7bt 121 b (Hughes) 1
Mr. Saxon's Pretty Boy, 3 yrs, Est (Fordbam) 2
Mr. Swan's Piccaninny, 3 yrs, 54 8 b (J. R)gers) 4
The following also ran :—Falcon, Rudston, Sneer
colt, Duke of Lancaster, Eloquence, Panpipe, and
Bishop of Osnaburgh.
Betting-6 to 4 agst Pretty Buy-5 to 1 agst Elo-
quence-6 to 1 agst New Brighton-7 to 1 agst Falcon
and Duke of Lancaster.

New Brighton made all the running, and won by a
length ; half a length between the second and third.
Bishop of Osnaburgh and Duke of Lancaster were
fourth and fifth. Eloquence was sixth.
Sweepstakes of 100 soya each, b. ft, for three-year olds ;
colts, Bst 7lb ; fillies, 83t 31b. D. M. 7 furlonge,
201 yards. 6 subs.
Duke of Bedford's Walmer, by Chatham, 83t 71b
(S. Rogers) 1
Lord Glaqgow's colt by Orlando, out of Clarissa, 83t 71b
(Aldcroft) 2

Won easily.
The day was fine, but the sport was meagre in quan
tity and uninteresting in quality.
BURWELL STAKES.—After a long and patient investi
gation, the stewards decided that Cannobie was entitled
to the stakes.