The Sun.
London, England, 1834-05-03 00:00:00

R 0

The Gentleman who writes to us from 43, Bedford-row is
mistaken. Right or wrong, the account to which he refers
was supplied by our reporter, a gentleman who could have
no motive for misrepresenting what occurred, and could
knOw nothing of the transactions but what was stated either
by the learned judge or the counsel. Of course we can
,only be expected to give a fair report of the observations,
made in the Court, and although we are sorry if any mis-
representation has gone forth to the public, the fault cannot
be ours. Nothing could be further from our wish than to
injure or give pain to any one.

"*.
Irljr

LONDON,
SATURDAY EVENING, MAY 3, 1834.

The Tories are all thingi to all men. At
the very time that the Duke of WELLINGTON
opposes the admission of dissenters to Oxford
and Cambridge, and his friends in the Uni-
versity are perfectly frantic on that subject, Sir
GEORGE MURRAY tells the electors of Perth-
shire that " he claimed for every sect and per-
suasion the full enjoyment of those opinions
they might prefer in regard .to religion, and of

those forms of worship which might appear to
them best fitted for carrying on their devotional
• eXercises. He claimed, also, that there should be
no exclusion whatever from official situations on
account of religious opinions. With reference
to the question at present under discussion in
Parliament—the admission of Dissenters into
the English Universities—he held that free ad-
mission ought to be given to all sects, as well
as the members of the Established Church."
Well done, Sir GEORGE. But what say your
friends in the House of Lords ? They threaten
to throw out the bill.

The detailed statement we furnished yester-
day of the plans and designs of the trades'
union, as laid down by their leaders will serve
to satisfy any reflecting workman that they must
fail, and that all confidence i n their framers is
misplaced. The committee assert in the first
part of their address that—

" The paramount necessity of a unity of action by
the unions, on well-defined plans, is rendered evident
by the state of our brethren in Derby, to relieve the
unfortunate condition of whom is indeed one of the
principal objects for the consideration of this meeting.
It must be a matter of deep regret to all of us, that
no arrangements have yet been made calculated for the
permanent, profitable employ of the turned-out ope-
ratives of that place : as it appears to this committee,
that had the unions been consolidated, they would
have placed those men ere this, by one simultaneous
movement, beyond the reach of their merciless op-
pressors, and have put them in a position whereby
they would soon have been enabled to commence re-
paying the amount which might have been advanced
to them."

They proceed, after the adoption of the ad-
dress, to choose by ballot an executive council
of five, and to order
‘, That a levy of one shilling each member be imme-
diately ordered upon all the lodges in the consolidated
union, for the purpose of raising a fund to employ the
men of Derby and other places in the most profitable
manner that can be devised ; and that the Birming-
ham committee be requested to act in conjunction with
the executive council in London in the disposal and
management of such fund."
Having made this . order, and thereby
induced the poor men at Derby to con-
tinue idle, how have they repaid their con-
fidence ? By refusing supplies; and thus
compelling those who might, ere this, have
obtained the means of permanently improving
their condition to sue for employment to the
masters whom they had ill-treated and defied.
If the fifty thousand men who assembled in
Copenhagen-fields had worked on that day,
they might have given the produce of their
labour to their dupes at Derby ; and so they
would, if they had felt any real compassion
or tHm. But no—their leaders find it
more desirable that they should exhibit their
power in a show, and the poor men of Derby_
the men who had trusted to their honour are

sacrificed. The whole"scheme will end as suc-
cessfully as that at New Harmony did. Its
only effect will be that of uniting all who have
land capital and credit, in order to counteract
the designs of those who have neither, and who
never can have any, until they cease to be the
dupes of those whose conduct proves that they
are as vain as they have been hitherto mis-
chievous. We advise the working men to take
care of their time, their situations, and their
money, and to part with neither without some
better security than such as the Executive of
the Unions can offer. Let every one take
warning from the fate of the Kidderminster and
Derby workmen. As to land on lease, who
will let it to men avowing such objects, and
banded together to injure their more industrious
or more fortunate neighbours ?

Nothing of public interest occurred in the
House of Lords last night. A desultory con-
versation took place between the Earl of
WINCHILSEA and Earl GREY On the
subject of a letter said to have been written
by the Marquis of ANGLESEA, and recom-
mending the abolition of the Irish Church
Establishment, in the course of which Earl
GREY commented in severe terms on the breach
of confidence which had given such a letter to
the public. On the motion of Lord DURHAM,
witnesses were examined relative to the borough
of Warwick, after which further proceedings
were adjourned till Tuesday.

In the House of Commons, Sir JAMES
GRAHAM confirmed the tidings of the death
of the African traveller, LANDER, and pro-
mised that a rigid inquiry should be instituted
into the case. The second reading of the
Poor Laws Bill was postponed till Friday.

We confess that the arguments of the Irish
members against the Tithe Bill are totally un-
intelligible, but on the supposition that their
secret object is to abolish tithes, and put the
amount in their own pockets. Most of them
professedly admit that they have no such in-
tention, that the tithes are public property, and
cannot belong to the landlord ; yet, in the
same breath, declare that government cannot
levy them, or enable the laddlord to levy them.
In other words, that the landlord must reap
all the advantage. These members would do
well to consider the position in which such ar-
gument places them. Opposition to tithe may
be turned into opposition to rent, and supported
with as much consistency. The Irish owners
are proverbially bad landlords—they have em-
ployed middle men to screw up the rent of
the poor tenant to the utmost pitch, and
they know well that in most cases the rent is so
high that it cannot possibly be raised. That
is the secrect of their opposition whatever may
be their open argument. A vast proportion
of the land is let from year after year, and in
all farms where this is the practice the land-
lord can lose nothing by the change if the
tenant is not already overcharged. Un-
der such circumstances he will find no
more difficulty in obtaining an increase of
rent than he would in a general rise
of the price of grain. But he knows the rent
is too high, and therefore joins in the cry
against the bill. It would be unfair to throw
on him the payment of tithes on farms held on
lease, but most of these farms are large—they
are held by a more respectable class than the
yearly tenants, and but for this clamour of
interested parties little difficulty would be found
in inducing them to pay the landlord instead
of the clergyman. After the. fair proposition
brought forward by Government, opposition to
the payment of an equivalent for tithes can
only keep up agitation and injure the land-
owners more than any other party. If a law
which they admit to be founded on just princi-
ples cannot be enforced, then there is an end of
civilized society. Universal plunder and anarchy
must ensue. The Government will persevere
in the measure, and will be supported by every
friend of justice and good order.

The French PaperS of Thursday contain a
report of the continued discussion in the Cham-
bers relative to Algiers. Marshal SOULT, on
the part of the Government, asserted that they
had no idea of giving up the colony. How-
ever, the grant out of which the debate arose
has not been made.

M. DUPIN is reported to have said in the
Chamber of Deputies, " And when the war
shall break out, as will inevitably be the case,
it will be a serions one, not a petty war of con-
quest, but one in which every nation will have
to contend for its last stake. It is not Algiers
you will then be thinking of ; you will be too
happy to have at your disposal the 30,000 men
now employed in that country. It is not for
Algiers you will have to ship them from Tou-
lon, but for Italy."

Marshal SouLT's demand of a million and a
half sterling, for the maintenance of 400,000
men, was agreed to.
The report of the Minister of Finance, which
was prepared by M. DUCHATEL, condemns
the existing Custom-house system, and recom-
mends a considerable diminution of the import
duties on wool and sea-borne coals. The de-
bate respecting Algiers was adjourned.
Thursday, being the KING'S birthday, was
a holiday.

The German Papers contain the following
announcement from Vienna, dated April 21:—
" The Russian troops will now evacuate the princi-
palities, and Count Kisseleff, hitherto President of the
Divan, will return to St. Petersburgh. It does not yet
appear to be decided whether the installation of the
hospc.Klars shall be performed by a Turkish Commis-
sary, or whether Count Kisseleff shall be charged
with it. The nomination of the hospodars is an
important event, which will serve to remove the
doubts that have been entertained in France and Eng-
land, relative to the East. It affords a proof that the
Russian Government does not entertain those ambi-
tious views concerning the principalities with which it
has been reproached.
VIENNA, APRIL 22. Metalliques, 97, 19-32; Four
per Cent., 87, 7-10 ; Bank Stock, 1,243. Allgemeine
Zeitung, April 27.

The Brussels Papers contain the report of
a debate in the Chamber of Representatives
relative to the conduct of the Government.
The proposal for an address, condemnatory

of the Ministers, signed by Messrs. ERNST
and Dußois, was negatived by a majority of
51 to 27, and 51 to 32. M. D'ABBEw, the
agent of Donna MARIA, for recruiting her
army, has given notice, that the general depot
at Ostend is suppressed, and the enrolment for
the army discontinued. The articles supplied
have been paid for.

The Ottoman Government have given no-
tice that the Island of Samos is to bt shortly
blockaded.

The abundance of the last harvest furnishes
an apt illustration of what the home-grower
suffers from the operation of the present law.
Though the price in the present year is ruin-
ously low to him, yet it is still too high as
compared to the price in foreign countries, from
the absence of our demand there to enable him
to export. He therefore can get no relief, as
he did previous to 1815, from exportation, and
as he might have done this year, if it had not
been for the operation of the present law, for
there has been a great scarcity in Russia. It
is not impossible also; that before the expira-
tion of the present year the price may be as high
as it was last year, with no benefit, however,
to the home-grower, whose situation under the
present law may be further illustrated by his
situation in less abundant years. Deprived of
his capital by a previous competition with the
foreign dealer, which he has been unable
to sustain, he cannot hold over until the price
shall rise, but must bring his grain early to
market, in order to have the means of paying
his rent, and of carrying on his business. Thus,
in 1827, though the average price of wheat
throughout the year was 565. 9d., the February
price was only 535. 4d., while the August price
was 60s. In 1828 the yearly average was
60s. 5d., but the price in January was only
51s. Bd., though it rose to 765. 7d. in Decem-
ber. The following year began with 725. 10d.
in January, but the price fell to 535. 7d. in
October, but rose to 555. 6d. in December ;
while the average of the whole year was 665. 3d.
The year 1830 was the worst of all. The
price was 545. 4d. in January ; rose in August
to 725. 7d., but fell to 595. 4d. in October,
giving an average for the whole year of 645. 3d.
The year 1831 was not much better, but
the state of the fluctuations was reversed. The
price was 665. 2d. in January ; rose to 725. 9d.
in February ; but fell to 575. 4d. in December,
with intermediate fluctuations ; while the ave-
rage of the whole year was 665. 4d. It is
these fluctuations within the year which de-
stroy the home grower. Nevertheless, as if in
mockery of his distress, the Agricultural
Committee of 1832, tell him that the present
law gives him steady prices, and adverts to these
last three years in evidence of its assertion, when
the fluctuations within the year were so great,
because, forsooth, upon the average of the
whole three years, the prices differed only 2s.
from each other.

The present law, which allows our great de-
mand to reach places abroad only by fits and
starts has increased fluctuations there as well
as here. Thus, in January, 1829, wheat, as
appears by our Consuls' values, was at from
555. sd. to 635. at Leghorn ; from 60s. Id. to
675. 6d. at Marseilles ; from 375. Bd. to
425. Id. at Cadiz ; and from 565. 2d. to 83s. sd.
at Lisbon ; and in other parts of France, which
has a worse corn law than our own, in July,
1829, when the price of wheat was from 48s. 3d.
to 655. Bd. at Caen, it was from 525..6d. to
565. 4d. at Brest ; from 465. 1 ld. to 535. at
Nantes ; from 475. 4d. to 50s. 3d. at Charante,
and from 445. 9d. to 51s. 6d. at Bordeaux.
But at Dantzic, from whence- we derive
our chief supply, the fluctuations have been
still greater; and here we resort to Mr. MUN-
DELL's table. With the exception of the pe-
riod from 1794 to 1806 (when a great derange-
ment was occasioned by the heavy bounties
given upon importation and the mission of
agents by the Government to purchase corn
abroad), the price of wheat at Dantzic from
1772 to 1815 was never 12s. under the price
in England. But from 1815 to 1830 the fluc-
tuations were as follow:-In the five years end-
ing in 1820, the highest price in England was
945. 9d., and in Dantzic 925. Id., while the
lowest price in England was 655. 7d. and in
Dantzic 425. Bd. In the five years ending in
1825, the highest price in England was 70s.
7d. and in Dantzic 365., while the lowest price
in England was 395. 11d., and in Dantzic
18s. Bd., and in the five years ending in 1830
the highest price in England was 50s. 9d., and
at Dantzic \lBs. 10d.
The effect of these fluctuations being to ren-
der the growth of corn a hazardous occupa-
tion abroad as well as at home, it cannot be
otherwise than that capital will desert the culti-
vation of the soil and then apply itself to manu-
factures.

This consequence, perhaps, may have sug-
gested to Prussia the policy of breaking down
the obstacles occasioned to commercial inter-
course by the custom-houses of the numerous
petty states around her, in order that, by in-
creasing her manufactures, she may have an in-
creasing internal demand for corn. Very grave
considerations are thus presented to our manufac-
turing as well as agricultural interest, that should
lead both to examine the policy of the present
law, which prevents our great demand for corn
from raising the price abroad as it does at home,
and the necessity of recurring to the principle of
the laws which prevailed before 1815, which,
in place of endangering our manufacturing su-
periority, as the present law does, served to se-
cure it, by making our great demand for corn
the means of maintaining it, by inducing grain-
' growing countries to continue to apply their
capital and labour to the raising of corn in order
to supply the demand.

Yesterday, their Majesties, accompanied by
their Royal Highnesses the Duke of Gloucester, and
Prince George of Cambridge, attended by the Duke
of Devonshire, Lords Frederick and Adolphus Fitz-
clarence, Lords Albemarle, Errol, Farnborough, and
Denbigh, Lady Clinton, Miss Hope Johnstone, Miss
Wilson, Miss D'Este, Sir Henry Wheatley, Sir John.
Whatley, Sir Andrew Barnard, the Hon. Mr. Hay,
Colonel Bowater, and the Rev. Mr. Wood, visited
the Exhibition of the Royal Academy. They were
received and attended through the rooms by the Pre-
sident, Council, and Officers.