The Sun.
London, England, 1834-08-07 00:00:00

SOUTHBOROUGH LODGE AND TURNPIKE. FARM,

- _
NEAR BROMLEY,. KENT.
A gentlemanly Residence, ornamental Cottage and Farm, alto-
gether about 150 Acres.
TO BE SOLD BY AUCTION,
By WINSTANLEY AND SONS,
In a short time, in One Lot, by direction of the Trustees for Sale,
with the concurrence of the Mortgagees,
AMost desirable and. valuable FREEHOLD PRO-
PERTY, land tax redeemed ; consisting of a commodious
family residence," called Southborough Lodge, delightfully situate
in the county of Kent, at a short remove from the high road to
Postings, within 12 miles of the metropolis, in a neighbourhood
of the first respectability and character, and justly celebrated for
the salubrity of the air. It contains accommodation for a consider-
able establishment in the sleeping apartments and offices, and the
rooms of entertainment are of good dimensions, viz., drawing-
room 25 feet by 22, eating-room 24 feet by 15, and library 24 feet
by 15. The detached offices arc fully adequate, including stabling
for 8 horses, coach-houses, &c., productive gardens, lawn, plea-
sure-grounds, with conservatory, orangery, and vinery. Also
Turpington Farm, immediately cmtiguous, with an ornamental
farm-house and outbuildings, and the adjacent inclosures of very
fertile land, intersected by excellent roads, and comprising alto-
gether very near to 150 acres.
To be viewed by tickets only, which, with printed particulars,
may be had of Mr. Henderson, solicitor, 31, Bleomsbury-square ;
of Messrs. Baxter, 48, Lincoln's Inn Fields ; and of Winstanley
and Sons, Paternoster-row ;.particulars also at the Bell and White
Hart Inns, in Bromley ; the White Lion, Locksbottom ; the Crown,
Sevenoaks ; the Greyhound, Croydon ; the principal Inns at Tun-
bridge, Tunbridge-wells, and Hastings; of Thomas Tindale, Esq.,
Aylesbury ; and the place of sale.

Just ready, in 1 vol. post Bvo.,
THE NAVAL OFFICER'S GUIDE
for PREPARING SHIPS for SEA.
By CHARTES MARTELLI, of H.M.S. Donegal.
Richard Bentley, 8, New Burlington-street,
Publisher in Ordinary to his Majesty.

On Tuesday next, August 12, in 2 vols., post Bvo.
THE MAN OF HONOUR,
and

THE RECLAIMED.
By a LADY of RANK.
" What is honour?—A word. What is in that word honour?
What is that honour ?—Air. A trim reckoning.—Who hath it ?"
_Shakspeare.
Richard Bentley, B, New Thirlington-street.

By Order of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, and at
the Suggestion of the Council of the Royal Society.
Just ready, in 2 vols. Bvo., with numerous Plates
VO YA G E OF H. M. S;
Made in the Years 1829, 30, 31.
Under the Command of the late Capt. HENRY FOSTER, R.N.
By W. H. B. WEBSTER, Surgeon of the Vessel, F.R. S.
Richard Bentley, 8, New Burlington-street,
Publisher in Ordinary to his Majesty.
POPULAR NOVELS.
Just Published by RICHARD BENTLEY, New Burlington-
street.
In 3 vols. post Bvo.

I.
H E C ONSP I R A C Y,
A VENETIAN ROMANCE.
" Nothing can be more attractive than this story. The author
is destined to take a very high rank among the writers of fiction of
the present day."--Glasgow Courier.
It.

THE CAPTIVES IN INDIA,
By Mrs. HOFLAND.
" The account of one of the most extraordinary journeys ever
performed by a female embodied in an interesting narrative."—
Literary Gazette.

ITT.
EUSTACE CONWAY,
or, THE BROTHER AND SISTER.
" One of the most delightful books we ever read. Full of original
observations, and betraying in every page the mind of a cultivated
man."—Courier. -

OUR I'I.OWN,

or, ROUGH SKETCHES of CHARACTER, MANNERS, &c.
By PEREGRINE REEDPEN, 2 vols.
"Each chapter encircles some joke perfected."—Morning hierald.
V.

New Edition, revised and corrected, 3 vols., post Bco.
THE CHAPERON,
Edited by LADY DA CRE.
" Will go far to raise the standard by which productions of this
school have of late years been judged."—Quarterly Review.

Second Edition, in 3 vols., post Bvo.
THE PARSON'S DAUGHTER,
By the Author of " Sayings and Doings," &c.
A love-at-first-sight story, the scenes of which are full of
interest."—Morning Herald.

VII.
New Edition, 3 vols.. post Bvo.
THE BUCCANEER.
By the Author of " Sketches of Irish Character."
" An admirable historical romance."—Author of " Pelham."

VIII.
CONSTANCE,
By Mrs. A. T. THOMPSON, 3 vols.
" This work will be a favourite with all who enjoy and appreciate
a picture of real life."—Literary Gazette.
IX.
Mr. Galt's New Novel, in 3 vols., post Bvo.
EBEN ERSKINE, or, THE TRAVELLER,
By the Author of " Lawrie Todd," &c.
" A capital novel. The discrimination of character throughout
is of the highest order.".—Atlas.

GALE MIDDLETON,
A Story of the Present Day,
By the Author of " Brambletye House," 3 vols.
Decidedly one of the cleverest novels which has come into our
hands for some time past."—Scotsman.

XI.
Second Edition with New Introduction, in 3 vols.
GODOLPHIN; or, THE OATH.

Willbe universally read, and as universally admired."—Town.
XII.
Second Edition, 3 vols., post Bvo.
GRACE CASSIDY ; or, THE REPEALERS,
By the Countess of Blessington.
" It is impossible not to admire the happily-sketched character
of an Irish farmer's wife in this work ; and the variety of shrewd
common-sense observations which occur in the volumes.".—
Quarterly Review, June 1834.
XIII.
THE HEIRESS, 3 vols.
" We have been'much pleased with the wit, the sarcastic sallies,
and the passionate eloquence of these volumes."—Athemum.

CONSISTORY COURT, AuG. 6.

(Before Dr. LUSHINGTON.)
This was an extra Court day.
VIPOND V. VIPOND.—JUDGMENT.

In this suit the wife proceeded against the husband for a
divorce on the ground that he had been guilty of adultery.
Dr. ADDAMS, for Mrs. Vipond, said that when this cause
was first heard on the last Court day the proofs were consi-
dered as not complete. The guilt of the husband had now,
identity
of considered, been rendered certain as well as the
of the parties.
Dr. CURTEIS appeared for the husband, but offered no
opposition to the motion.
Dr. LUSHINGTON pronounced for the divorce.
Just before the Court was about to rise Lady Winnington
addressed the Judge, and desired that she might be allowed
to read certain affidavits proving that, though she had been
married several years, still the marriage had never been
consummated ; and she wished, therefore, that the mar-
riage should be declared a nullity. " I wish," said her
Ladyship,
" to read the opinions of Dr. Birkbeck and other
eminent physicians that I am still a virgin, and to conduct
my own causen in this Court in obtaining a nullity of the
marriage.

Dr. LUSHINGTON said there was no suit before the Court,
and he appealed to the Registrar.
The Registrar said there Was -no suit of the kind before
the Court.

Lady Winnington wished to road the papers to show she
had a right to have justice done to her, awl to have the
marriage declared a nullity.
Dr. LUSHINGTON could not go into the case, no suit
standing out in the registry. There was a cause of divorce,
but that was abandoned.
Lady Winnington hoped the Judge would allow her to
read the papers.

Dr. Lu- ING-roN could not consent to the request, and
Lady Winnington then left the Court.

The St cilfordshire Advertiser states that his Ma-
jesty will honour the Earl of Lichfield with a visit at Shug_
borough in the eovrse of a fow weeks,

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PARLIAMENTARY PAPER.

.rLi,.~.,~.,

REPORT OF THE SELECT COMMITTEE OF
INQUIRY ON DRUNKENNESS.
The Select Committee appointed to inquire into the extent,
cause, and consequences of the prevailing vice of intoxica-
tion among the labouring classes of the United Kingdom,
in order to ascertain whether any legislative measures can
be devised to prevent the further spread of so great a na-
tional evil, and to whom the several petitions presented to
the House were referred, and who were:empowered to report
from time to time, have, pursuant to the order of the House,
proceeded to examine a great number and variety of wit-
nesses from different parts of the United Kingdom, and in
various ranks and professions in life, and have agreed to the
following report:—
I.—EXTENT OF THE EVIL.
1. That it appears to your Committee, from the evidence
taken before them, that the vice of intoxication has been for
some years past on the decline, in the higher and middle ranks
of society, but has increased within the same period among the
labouring classes, and exists at present to a very great extent
in the population of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and
in the sea-port and manmfacturing towns, as well as in the
agricultural districts, including in its victims men, women, and
even children.
lI.—REMOTE CAUSES OF ITS PRODUCTION
2. That among the remote causes of the inte. er
which still prevails may be enumerated the influen
ample set by the upper classes of society, when h in
toxication were more frequent in such ranks than am eir
inferiors in station.' That many customs and courte still
retained from a remote ancestry, of mingling the gift or use of
intoxicating drinks with almost every important event in life,
such as the celebration of baptisms, marriages, and funerals,
anniversaries, holydays, and festivals, as well as in the daily
interchange of convivial entertainments, and even in the com-
mercial transactions of purchase and sale.
lII.—IMMEDIATE CAUSES OF ITS EXTENSION.
3. That among the immediate causes of the increased pre-
valence of this vice among the humbler classes of society may
be mentioned the increased number and force of the tempta-
tions placed in their daily path by the additional establish-
ment of places at which intoxicating drinks are sold ; the
number now being considered, from the average of several
districts in England, Scotland and Ireland, to be not less
than one such place to about every 20 families throughout
the United. Kingdom, and the increased facilities of obtaining
the dangerous gratification of the moment which these afford
by the reduction in the duty on legally distilled spirits, by
the reduction in the price occasioned by admixtures with this,
of illegally distilled spirits ; by the additional allurements
presented by every new competitor, who seeks to present more
powerful attraction to visitors, and by the very small sums,
less even than a penny, for which drains of an intoxicating
drink can now be procured.
IV.—CONSEQUENCES TO INDIVIDUAL CHARACTER.
4. That the consequprices of the vice of intoxication among
the humble classes, and the prevalence of intemperate habits
and pernicious customs encouraging such habits among the
middle and higher ranks, are so many, and so fearful to con-
template, that it is as difficult as it is painful to enumerate
even the outlines of them, and to pursue them in all their me-
lancholy and fatal details would require a volume.
5. That the following are only a few of the evils directly
springing from this baneful source :-
6. Destruction of health, disease in every form and shape,
premature decrepitude in the old, stunted growth and gene-
ral debility and decay in the young ; loss of life by paroxysms,
apoplexies, drownings, burnings, and accidents of various
kinds ; delirium tremens, one of the most awful affi;ctions of
humanity, paralysis, idiocy, madness, and violent death,
as proved by numerous medical witnesses who have made this
the subject of their long and careful investigation.
7. Destruction of mental capacity, and vigour and extinc-
tion of aptitude for learning, as well as of disposition for prac-
Ilising any useful art or industrious occupation.
8. Irritation of all the worst passions of the heart, hatred,
anger, revenge, with a brutalization of disposition that breaks
asunder and destroys the most endearing bonds of nature and
society.
9. Extinction of all moral and religious principle • disre-
gard of truth, indifference to education, violation of principle;
insensibility to shame, and indescribable degradation, as proved
by clergymen, magistrates, overseers, teachers, and others,
examined by your Committee on all these points.
V.—CONSEQUENCES TO NATIONAL WELFARE.
10. That in a national point of view, as affecting the wealth,
resources, strength, honour, and prosperity of the country,
the consequences of intoxication and intemperate habits
among the people are as destructive of the general welfare of
the community as they are fatal to the happiness of individuals.
Among others the following evils may be distinctly traced :-
11. The destruction of an immense amount of wholesome
and nutritious grain, given by a bountiful Providence for the
food of man, which is now converted by distillation into a
poison ; the highest medical authorities, examined in great
numbers before your Committee, being uniform in their testi-
mony that ardent spirits are absolutely poisonous to the human
constitution ; that in no case whatever are they necessary or
even useful to persons in health; that they are always in every
case and to the smallest extent deleterious, pernicious, or de-
structive according to the proportions in which they may be
taken into the system ; so that not only is an immense amount
of human food destroyed whilst thousands are inadequately
fed, but this food is destroyed in such a manner as to injure
greatly the agricultural producers themselves, for whose grain,
but for this perverted and mistaken use of it, there would be
more than twice the present demand for the use of the now
scanty fed people, who would then have healthy appetites to
consume, and improved means to purchase, nutriment for them-
selves and children, in grain as well as in all the other varied
productions of the earth.
12. The loss of productive labour in every department of
occupation to the extent of at least one day in six throughout
the kingdom (as testified by witnesses engaged in various
manufacturing operations), by which the wealth of the country,
created as it is chiefly by labour, is retarded or suppressed to
the extent of 1,000,000/. out of every 6,000,0001. that is
produced ; to say nothing of the constant derangement, im-
perfection, and destruction in every agricultural and manufac-
turing process, occasioned by the intemperance, and conse-
quent unskilfulness, inattention, and neglect of those affected
by intoxication, producing great injury to our domestic and
foreign trade.
13. The extensive loss of property by sea from shipwrecks,
founderings, fires, and innumerable other accidents, many of
which, according to the evidence of the most experienced ship-
owners, mercantile men, and others, examined by your Com-
mittee, are clearly traceable to drunkenness in some of the
parties employed in the navigation and charge of such vessels,
whose vigilance, had they been sober, would have been suffi-
cient safeguards against their occurrence.
14. The comparative inefficiency of the army and navy, in
both of which, according to the testimony of eminent naval and
military officers examined by your committee on intemperance,
is a cankerworm that eats away its strength and its discipline
to the core, it being proved beyond all question that one-sixth
of the effective strength of the navy, and a much greater pro-
portion of the army, is as much destroyed as if the men were
slain in battle by that most powerful ally of death—intoxicat-
ing drinks, and that the greater number of accidents occurring
in both branches of the service, seven-eighths of the sickness,
invalidings, and discharges for incapacity, and nine-tenths of
all the acts of insubordination, and the fearful punishments and
executions to which these give rise, are to be ascribed to
drunkenness alone.
15. The injury to national reputation abroad by the intem-
perate habits of our soldiers and seamen, the excesses com-
mitted by them in foreign ports, where they form the largest
class of British subjects usually met with, and from whose
conduct erroneous and injurious impressions are formed of the
character of the nation to which they belong, as testified by the
evidence of ship-masters, merchants, and others, given be-
fore your committee, as well as the direct and immediate con-
tamination and injury of sober races of men in new and unci-
vilized countries, visited for the first time by our ships, many
of which leave no traces of their visit behind them but the vice
of drunkenness, first introduced there by their crew.
16. The diminution of the physical power and longevity. of
a large portion of the British population by the destructive
effects already described as produced on individuals, the loss
of personal beauty, the decline of health, and the progressive
decay of the bodily and mental powers ; which evils are ac-
cumulative in the amount of injury they inflict, as intem-
perate parents, according to high medical testimony, give a
taint to the offspring even before its birth, and the poisonous
stream of ardent spirits is conveyed through the milk of the
mother to the infant at the breast ; so that the fountain of life
through which nature supplies that pure and healthy nutri-
ment of infancy frs poisoned at its very source, and a diseased
and vitiated appetite is thus created, which grows with its
growth, and strengthens with its increasing weakness and
decay.
17. The increase of pauperism in its most fearful shape,
divested of that sense of shame which would disdain to re-
ceive relief whilst honest industry could secure the humblest
independence, and associated with a disregard of consequences,
and a recklessness of all obligations, domestic or social,
which, according to the evidence of witnesses from the agri-
cultural districts examined before your committee, has con-
verted the pauper from a grateful receiver of aid under una-
voidable calamity (which was once the general character of
those receiving parish relief), to an idle and disorderly cla-
mourer for the right of being . sustained by the industry of
tilers or a profligate and licentious parent of illegitimate off
"9:-
sPr"-.. me spread of crime in every shape and form from
18. a. -rid prostitution in the young, to burnings, robbe-
theft, fraud, "lened offences in the old, by which the gaols
ries, and more ha._ and convict transports, are filled with
and prisons, the hulks . ..,ss of human beings, who, under
inmates, and an enormous —ould be sources of wealth
andsobersthabits h andto the moral
country,tra
training s, st.rans ,g drinks, into
"-rmed, chieflyn through
the remote or immediate influence of intoxica.- "St be cut
excrescences of corruption and weakness, which n..- "n".
off and cast away from the community, to prevent the s.-
;
grenous contamination of its whole frame,. leaving the body

!ranee

LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, AUGUST 7, 1834.

itself in a constant state of that inflammatory excitement which
always produces exhaustion and weakness in the end, and thus
causing the country to sacrifice every year a larger portion of
blood and treasure than the most destructive wars occasion ;
the innocent population thus made criminal being, like the
grain subjected to distillation, converted from a wholesome
source of strength and prosperity into a poisoned issue of weak-
ness and decay.
19. The retardations of all improvement, inventive or indus-
trial, civil or political, moral or religious, the hindering. of
education, the weakening of good examples, and the creation
of constant and increasing difficulties in the propagation of
sound morality and sublime truths of the Gospel, both at home
and abroad, according to the testimony of teachers, pastors,
and others, examined by your cemmittee ; the sum expended in
intoxicating drinks in the city of Glasgow alone being stated
by one of the witnesses from that neighbourhood to be nearly
equal to the whole amount expended on public institutions of
charity and benevolence in the entire United Kingdom.
20. That the mere pecuniary loss to the nation from these
several causes already enumerated—namely, the destruction of
an immense amount of grain subjected to distillation, the ab-
straction of productive labour from the community, the pro-
perty destroyed by sea and land, the diminished efficiency of
the navy and army, the decrease and deterioration of the phy-
sical and mental powers of the population, the increase of pau-
perism, the-spread of crime, and the retardation of improve-
ment caused by the excessive use of intoxicating drinks,
may be fairly estimated at little short of 50,000,0001. sterling
per annum.

VI.—REMEDIES TO BE APPLIED.
21. That the remedies to be applied to the cure of evils so
deopfy rooted, so long establisbe,d, so widely spread, and so
strongly supported by selfish indulgence ignorance, prejudice,
custom, and pecuniary interests, are twofold—first, legislative,
and second, moral; and these again divide themselves into

immediate and prospective.
22. That the right to exercise legislative interference for
the correction of any evil which affects the public weal cannot
be questioned without dissolving society into its primitive ele-
ments, and going back to the combined and co-operative state
of civilization, with all its wholesome and lawfully imposed re-
straints. to the isolated and lawless condition of savage and soli-

tary nature.
23. That the power to apply corrective, by legislative means,
cannot be doubted without supposing the sober, the intelligent,
the just, and the moral portion of the community unable to
control the excesses of the ignorant and disorderly, which
would be to declare our incapacity to maintain the first prin-
ciples of government, by insuring the public safety.
24. That the sound policy of applying legislative power to
direct, restrain, or punish, as the case may require, the vicious
and contaminating propensities of the evil-disposed, cannot be
disputed without invalidating the right of Government to pro-
tect the innocent from the violence of the guilty, which would
in effect declare all government to be useless, and all lawful
authority to be without any intelligible object or end—an admis-
sion that would undermine the very first principles of society.

X.—IMMEDIATE REMEDIES.
25. The remedies which appear to your committee to be
desirable and practicable to be put into immediate operation
may be thus enumerated:-
26. The separation of the houses in which intoxicating
drinks are sold into four distinct classes-1, houses for the
sale of beer only, not to be consumed on the premises; 2,
houses for the sale of beer only, to be consumed on the pre-
mises, and in which refreshments of food may also be ob-
tained ; 3, houses for the sale of spirits only, not to be con-
sumed on the premises ; 4, houses for the accommodation of
strangers and travellers, where bed and board may be obtained,
and by whom spirits, wine, and beer may be sold.
27. The limiting the number of such houses of eaeh class, in
proportion to population in towns, and to distance and popula-
tion in country districts, the licenses for each to be annual, and
granted by magistrates and municipal authorities, rather than
by the Excise, to be chargeable with larger sums annually
than are now paid for them, especially for the sale of spirits,
and to be subject to progresilvely increasing fines for disor-
derly conduct, and forfeiture of license, and closing up of
the houses for repeated offences.
28. The closing of all such houses at earlier hours in the
evening than at present, and uniformly with each other, ex-
cepting only in the last class of houses for travellers, which
may be opened at any hour for persons requiring food or beds
in the dwelling.
29. The first and second class of houses to be closed on
the Sabbath-day, except for one hour in the afternoon and one
hour in the evening, to admit of families being supplied with
beer at those periods ; the third class of houses to be entirely
closed during the Sabbath-day ; and the fourth class to be
closed to all visiters on that day, excepting only to travellers,
and the inmates of the dwelling.
' •

30. The making all spirit-shops as open to public view as
other shops, where wholesome provisions are sold, such as
those of the baker, the butcher, and the fishmonger ; in order
that the interior of such spirit-shops may be seen from with-
out, and be constantly exposed to public inspection in every

part.
31. The refusal of spirit licenses to all but those who
will engage to confine themselves exclusively to dealing in that
article, and consequently the entire separation in England,
Scotland, and Ireland, of the sale of spirits from groceries,
Provisions, Ivine, or beer, excepting only in the fourth class
of houses (or hotels), for travellers and inmates, or lodgers,
as before described.
32, The discontinuance of all issues of ardent spirits (ex-
cept as medicine under the direction of the medical offi-
cers) to the navy and army on all stations, and to every
other body of men employed by, or under the control
of the Government, and the substitution of other articles of
wholesome nutriment and refreshment instead. The abo-
lition of all garrison and barrack canteens at home and
the leisure of men confined within military forts and
abroad, and substituting some other and better mode of fil-
lliies,nnguPthe opinions of most of the military officers examined on
this point by your Committee being, that the drinking in such
canteens is the most fertile source of all the insubordination,
crime, and consequent punishment inflicted on the men.
33, The withholding from the ships employed in the mer-
chant service the drawback granted to them on foreign spirits,
by which they are now enabled to ship their supplies of that
article at a reduced scale of (,uty, and are thus induced to
take on board a greater quantity than is necessary, to the in-
creased danger of the property embarked, and the injury of

the crew.
34. The prohibition of the practice of paying the wages of
workmen
at public-houses, or any other place where intoxicat-
ing drinks are sold.
35. The providing for the payment of such wages to every
individual his exact amount, except when combined in families,
so as to render it unnecessary for men to frequent the public-
houses, and spend a portion of their earnings to obtain change.
36. The payment of wages at or before the breakfast hour
in the mornings of the accustomed market-day in each town,
to enable the wives or other providers of workmen to lay out
their earnings in necessary provisions at an early period of the
market, instead of risking its dissipation at night in the public-
house.
37, The prohibition of the meetings of all friendly societies,
sick clubs, money clubs, masonic lodges, or any other perma-
nent associations of mutual benefit and relief at public-houses
or places where intoxicating drinks are sold, as such institu-
tions were not formed expressly for the benefit of such public-
houses, and when they are bona fide associations of mutual
help in time of need, can with far more economy and much
greater efficacy rent and occupy for their periodical meetings
equally appropriate rooms in other places.
38. The establishment by the joint aid of the Government
and the local authorities and residents on the spot of public
walks and gardens, or open spaces for athletic and healthy
exercises in the open air, in the immediate vicinity of every
town, of an extent and character adapted to its population, and
of district and parish libraries, museums, and reading-rooms,
accessible at the lowest rate of charge, so as to admit of one
or the other being visited in any weather and at any time, with
the rigid exclusion of all intoxicating drinks of every kind from
all such places, whether in the open air or closed.
39. The reduction of the duty on tea, coffee, and sugar,
and all the healthy and unintoxicating articles of drink in ordi-
nary use, so as to place within the reach of all classes the
least injurious beverage on much cheaper terms than the most
destructive.
40. The establishment of temperance societies in every
town and village of the kingdom, the only bond of association
being a voluntary engagement to abstain from the use of ar-
dent spirits as a customary beverage, and to discourage by
precept and example all habits of intemperance in themselves
and others.
41. The diffusion of sound information as to the extensive
evils produced to individuals, and to the state, by the use of
any beverage that destroys the health, cripples the industry,
and poisons the morals of its victims.
42. The institution of every subordinate auxiliary means of
promoting the reformation of all such usages, courtesies, ha-
bits, and customs of the people as lead to intemperate habits,
more especially the exclusion of ardent spirits from all places
where large numbers are congregated either for business or
pleasure, and the changing the current opinion of its being a
benefit, which its presentation to those whom we wish to re-
ward, or honour, or please, so constantly foster and prolongs,
into a conviction of its being an evil which should on all occa-
sions be avoided as a poisoner of the health, the morals, and the
peace of society.
43. The removal of all taxes on knowledge, and the extend-
ing every facility to the widest spread of useful information to
the humblest class of the community.
44. A national system of education which should embrace
as an essential part of the instructions given by it to every
child in the kingdom accurate information as to the poisonous
and invariably deleterious nature of ardent spirits as an article
of diet in any form or shape, and the inculcation of a sense of
shame at the crime of voluntarily destroying or thoughtlessly
obscuring that faculty of reasoning and that consciousness of
responsibility which chiefly distinguish man from the brute,
and which his Almighty Maker when he created him in his
—Am image implanted in the human race to cultivate, to im.

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prove, and to refine, and not to corrupt, to brutalize, and to
destroy.
XL—ULTIMATE OR PROSPECTIVE REMEDIES.

45. The ultimate or prospective remedies which have been
strongly urged by several witnesses, and which they think,
when public opinion shall be sufficiently awakened to the great
national importance of the subject, may be safely recommended,
include the following :-
46. The absolute prohibition of the importation from any
country, or from our own colonies, of distilled spirits in any
shape.
47. The equally absolute prohibition of all distillation of
ardent spirits from grain, the most important part of the food
of man, in our own country.
48. The restriction of distillation from other materials to
the purpose of the arts, manufactures, and medicine, and the
confining the wholesale and retail dealing in such articles to
chymists, druggists, and dispensaries alone.

XII.--....EXAMPLES OF OTHER COUNTRIES.
49. Your committee have in the course of their investiga-
tion, directed their inquiries as to the steps taken and effects
produced by legislative and by moral means in America more
especially, and they have been gratified to learn the following

facts :-
50. That in the American navy and army the issue of spirits
by the Government has been discontinued, and nutritious arti-
cles of equal value substituted with benefit and contentment to
all parties.
51. That no less than 700 vessels in the merchant service
now sail from different ports in America, and to all climates,
arctic and tropical, with no ardent spirits on board, excepting
only a small quantity in the medicine-chest, for occasional me-
dicinal use.
52. That of the-American ships en.toring the port of Liver-
pool, nine out of every teen are navigated on what are denomi.-
nated temperance principles, the captain, officers, and crew
agreeing to abstain from the use of spirits, except as medicine ;
and no supply beyond the very limited quantity used as such
is taken on board.

sa. That such ships obtain freight in preference to English
vessels not navigated on those principles, in consequence of
the public conviction of their greater safety, from the sobriety
of those on board.

54. That some English vessels have recently been fitted out
and sent to sea from London, Liverpool, Glasgow, and
Greenock, in imitation of the Americans ; that they have been
insured at a lower rate of premium than that paid on other
vessels not so abstaining from taking spirits on board, and that
experienced merchants, shipowners, insurance brokers, and
others, examined before your committee, express their convic-
tion that such abatement in the rate of insurance in such ships
is fully warranted by the actual diminution of the risk of injury
and loss.
55. That in the metropolis of the United States the
highest encouragement has been given to the promotion of
temperance societies, and from the united efforts of public and
private individuals so great a reformation has been effected that
no less than 2,000 persons have voluntarily abandoned the dis-
tillation of ardent spirits, and vested their capital in other and
more wholesome pursuits • and upwards of 6,000 persons have
abandoned the sale of ardent spirits and embraced other more
useful occupations.
X I I I.—CONCLUDING SUGGESTIONS..
_ _

56. Your Committee, deeply impressed with the long cata-
logue of evils which they have endeavoured thus briefly and
faintly to describe, and feeling the strongest and most earnest
desire to lessen their number and amount, humbly venture to
suggest to the House the importance of drawing the attention
of his Majesty's Government to the immediate introduction of
such improvements as your Committee have respectfully re-
commended in the navy and army, and in the ships employed
in the merchant service, to the causing such other ameliora-
tions to be made in this respect as can be effected by their au-
thority, wherever that may extend, and to the public declara-
tion of their determination to introduce early in the ensuing
session some general and comprehensive law for the progres-
sive diminution and ultimate suppression of all the existing
facilities and means of intemperance, as the root and parent of
almost every other vice.
57. As your Committee are fully aware that one of the most
important elements in successful legislation is the obtaining
the full sanction and support of public opinion in favour of
the laws, and as this is most powerful and most enduring
when based on careful investigation and accurate knowledge
as the result, they venture still further to recommend the most
extensive circulation during the recess under the direct sanc-
tion of the Legislature of an abstract of the evidence obtained
by this inquiry in a cheap and portable volume, as was done
with the Poor Law Report, to which it would form the best
auxiliary ; the national cost of intoxication and its conse-
quences being tenfold in amount that of the poor-rates, and
pauperism itself being indeed chiefly caused by habits of in-
temperance, of which it is but one out of many melancholy and
fatal results.

We stated in the summary yesterday, what, however, was
evidently erroneous, and could therefore have misled nobody,
that the motion for printing the Report of the Drunkenness
Committee was negatived. It was carried by nearly 2to 1.