The Sun.
London, England, 1805-03-01 00:00:00

ABOLITION sp THE SLAVE TRADE.

Mr. WUPERPG',VC:d would nut trouble the
House a single moment on a subpa on which their
sense had t:een so often taken, particulatly in so de.
ride(' a Intoner as that in which it was exprebsed
last Session ; a subjea ton on which nothing new
!lAA occurred to whlch.he could call-their attention.
Resetviog the tig,t of reply, should any ob,ery
tions.be ipade which slight seem to deinaud it, he
w,uld at present content ltirn4elf with moving,
That the BM for the Abolition of the Slave
Trade be MOW read a Second time."

The SPE AKER observed, that as this was not a
new 'measure, the Hon. Geutleinan could only be
allowed' to reply by courtesy. ..
Mr. FOX suggested the omission of the word
" now" by which mean* this objettion would be
obviated.

On the queition being put, Gen. Gmcorias
rose in compltanee with the declaration he had twde
on aformer -evening, to.give his'determined opposi;
tion to the Bill, He cf.:nfided in the..wisdoin and
policy of tbe House, that tntsy would fWE consider
thetriselites pledgt:d by their detision in the list
sion to Conic to a similar one in the present, unless
the. necessity of the measure was-folly proved. It
would be proper for them to ,consider ~in. the first
place the expediency of the Abolition ,at all, and
in the next place the expediency ..of it under the
ettlical circumstances of the present tittles. He
it Li granted that .the Honourable' Iviernitor
had nothinkri t.etv to say on the tcVre of inhainant,
:v.d by bib eilenvi on that .head, that helgtc;.“
with !,itt of the good effect-which thq

plations of Parliament ;14.1 prNinced in the trade,
particniarly in the middle. passage. With 'cleft
to tht. proportion: of Slaves to tonnage, he was pre_
pared to prove by evidence, at the Bar of that fiouse,
kat the Americans t0..-k more slaves: in proportion
to the tonnage of their vessels than the British. The
Abolition was evidently meant to terminate in eman„
cipation ; such was the idea entertained of it by the
NegrOes 'themselves,' among
~whom the very discus-
slop had produced infiniti'llivachief. Ni one could
p
conceive it oi*, that without-importation ;limp-
lotion cciald he kept 'up in the West. India Islands
toff-relent° for the Cultivation of 'the coffee phial'.
tions„ which in their infancy required but few
hands, but demanded a considerable numbe'r as
they advanced" to ainiturity.''. , too, was the
worst there for the adoption of the measure,' on
account of the danger which existed' of a co.opera„.
'between the- British Negroes and those of a
ne ighhoueing Island, where false speculative opinions
tad produced the Most deplorable ualainitiei. In.
deed a corigpiracy of this nature had .already been
providentially discovered and defeated. If he might
bilicteAe reports he had heard, Government would
feel the necessity of refusing' their assent`to the Bill.
He had been told that a. Contracthad been enter,
ed into by Government for five thousand. Slaves
for Military Service ; now, with any preten,
slop to consistency, it could nut be denied that Wit
were politic to purchaie Slaves fur !Military Service,
it Could not be impolitic to pitrehase'them for Civil
Service. With regard to' the question of humanity,
let the. advocates for it
,reMeMber, that if this Bill
went to.destroy
.ihe Trade of the West Indies, and
such he firmly believed would be the result, were it
passed, upwards oi 7,50X00 men would become des.
brute of employment. I.le trusted that the Report
from the Committee of the Assembly of Jamaica
would have that influence with the ilouse which the
and respettability of the Members,•• and
the tlency of the arguments they: had employed,
demanded. As to the assertion that increasing the
numhcr of Slaves by importation would increase the
danger, the proportion waa now as thirty' to one,
,and it -mattered little were this augtnentetrto
33 'or 35 to.one. Greater danger acute from. the•agi.
ration of the of the abolition among the
Negroes, and 'ln.. could only be fully averted by. a
decided etetettainatin of that House nut to, agree
to it. tie would reserve, his observations. on 'soinr...
parts of the Bill, which appeared to him to be Pe„
culiatly objeffinnable, and even wicked, until an.
ether stagy of it, should it ever arrive at that ; but
be trusted, 'that the additional time which the
House had had forconsidmtition, and the adThinoal
thicinuenis which had been laid before, them on which
ter ground their decision, would induce them to con.:
cur with him in the Motion he would wiw submit
~to them, Which war,, tliat the 13i11 be read a second
ciao: this.day Six months,;

111 r. C. BROOKE confin'ed his ohaerva 's tion
chicily to the policy of thc'tueasure. • He adverted
to the dteadful state of St. Domingo, imd to the
d.nw,,:r to he apprehended froni the netglihourhood
of that Wand. l'he British merchants had cm.
barked large capitals in the trade, And had:establish.
lin..4tories on the Coast ofAftica, and could it be
eipetted, were this Bill to :tee:rive the sanction of
di attic or., they would aband,in them ? Nu, they
would dt4cover some ciectiitou* mode of doing that
which they now did' Openly and avowedly. Other
Towers would avail theMselves of our relinquish-
rne.nt of the Trade, AO that the AfriCans would
derive no Advaist3go from it whatorer.
lool: at the situation of ii Negro in one of our
Wcst India Llands, and, hut divot huts of that
narneyso hateful to a hrititth ear, he would be fuuod
to poft,e4b (111 C COMrilifi than trovently fall to the
lot ot tltif lah.loret3.

Sir youNG tivati 4S!OniI010d at 'the assertion
ley the Wm. *Dover, tilat nothing new had Occurred
s;ice the discussion of tbe Sistimt. Did the
Report (tithe cOrt'artit,iee of the House of Assembly
.at jatniica contain nothing newt He confessed that,
in the mode. in which the Hon: Gentleman: had
a..Scd over this Report, there was a di.respett very
.Ivennsistent with his former professiont of :regard
`for th, colonies, "the Gentleman Scen,d try
with the House to consider the precedent of last
Session rather thin the existing, citeutnitances of
or times; As to the number that divided em the
bill at that. period, .it diti not eXeeed 250. .There
were more thtn 400 remaining, wlv he hoped,
'entree thal. tires", had tomitlered the suirjett. with at.
tendon, alut were prepated to decide upon ti, not
n the triskt raft principle, hut on the pradtcal policy
and expdiency. That portion •of- the Metnheri
ofi'Jolt,l to the Houit:by the:Union, and to whom
ticc:oilejeet tvae then.new, must now Ikl familiar with
ir„ torvt rt:Acly to expresy the -judgment thay have
4t rnhr ti. lis H,,n: Friend who had just sat down,
had well stated, that we might quit the trade, hut
c-nld 'not .th ,14,,!. it. /V. to the qucstion,tif Jtutna,
tity. While 'Ne keep the trade in our own hands we
tin regulate but with the trade, we roustiaban,
d‘n this pow.er. Sir W. Youl4t; q tuned seveial
pasf,ageri lour) Mungo Palk, and Mr. Brown,
to prove, that (An the sa,ltok Northern Coast of Mn.i
CA. 4 ty.t,tem of warfare vats pursued ; and argued,
that it the priloners Avarc not purchased by Euro.
prim , they wr aid 47e slaughtered by their conque.
tors. 'Those who were "trained' 45 slaves in Africa
were treated with the greire,,t cruelty many
.01
Were cotopeiltd to work loaded with fetters,
~,An,l it wa utt aCIt litintrinity to teirlsg.iiß,,,Al from
'hie situations by transporting them to
our "P;t• tr,mr the Cititt nittce of
the -A,:,,,:unt,ity at
.I,f Terhaini
t;,e FibncGentirman had riot even-condeteendeai to
toated ttie crntgr'ition'that the Abolitiou of
thy Trade Ilittlt .o-colion among the stnaller
1..1,n as likely to be produdive of infinite
,:k,ger to t1;-se who remained, by inereving,- in ,a
wry wee. (lc:vet, the dispropottiuo between the
o,:ogroes ; lint the Hon. Gentletn,m,
ti'mse who esr,tt‘ed las ineJsurc, shut their eyea
anding to all representations of
and exd,iimA " Fiat jurtitia twat cathrmi"
wilts that had ban 14111 on the 'ral:lc
to and from the *Vist
tfr i,now that the nor rts

At 7 1:1 411tiit

and Ch'i' ti' fIC

OA

~}'./ it

tid fro4tl 1 rio Fto cxeced-
ca i,e;,rl:tecn trom CirtN,t
1;11 .11:10r,t in.

cirLtt 4,roiiou 13 Coe ye4r;

119 NM of Ships, comprising 33,000 tone, had
cleared outwards for the, West Indiesi It 'would
be a derelidion of the'swful trust reposed, by the
people in Parliament were they to hazard 4e
mense revenue resulting from this trade, a revenue
on which we principally depended fur the auppnytof
our Naval and Military Establishment.
Mr. BA/WAM was bound to declare,' that
he retained the same seotiments oo the subjed
as he expressed last year. What was desirable
then, was now necessary. Divesting the af.
fair of all extraneous matter, he divided it into
four heads—the general policy, the pradicability,
the danger to the Colonies, and the injustice to in-
diViduals. With ragard ro the policy, as we pus.
sassed the trade of the whole world, the loss of
One single branch of our commerce was of less
portancc ; it was .desirable ,that we should ra.
titer contrutt our commercial concerns 'than extend
them. As to the pradicability, he had certainly
once considered it as not easily pradieable; but his
opinion was altered. Few. Foreigners with large
Capitals would haiard them at this moment in she.
colations to the West Indiett ; St. Domingo would
not serve as a depot for Slaves, from which they
might be smuggled into Jamaica. A wish to co.
operate with us in tile design- bad been mani-
fested by several Foreign Powers, so that he had
little doubt, were this Bill passed, that the re.
suit would ultimately he the total Abolition of the
Slave Trade by every Nation of Europe. Of the
existence of danger in such a measure he had always
expressed his convklion, but though there was
danger in the Abolition of the Trade, there was
Much more in the continuation of it. The
.fate of St. Domingo should be a serious warn.
ing to us on this head, and should deter us from
adding daily to the number of Blacks now in our
Islands : he spoke disinterestedly, for few estates
Were in greater want of additional Slaves than

his own. —On a former occasion, he had suggest.
ed the sending of Sepoys from the East Indies
to serve as Troops in the West ladies ; and he
was- not without hopes that this suggesti'm had
attradled the notice of Government. It appeared

to hina to be a mode happily calculated to remove a
considerable part of the danger justly to be appre-
hended from the further increase of Africans. After
a few more observations, Mr. BARHAM COHCillited
with making a few remarks on the unanimity of
sentiment among the Planters of the West Indies, of
which so much had been said. Without meaning
the slightest disrespeCt to those Gentlemen, he
must remind the House, that the interests of va.
rious classes of people materially affefted their
opinions ; and it was not surprising. that .a set of
Merchants deprecated' a measure, which, in their
belief, threatened to prevent further extension of
their commerce. •
General TARLETOIV should he unfit to hold
his seat in ,that House, as well as ungrateful to
his Constituents, if be did not make every isffort
to defeat this Bill. The Trade of the City which
be represented would he deeply affeeted by this
measure. One hundred years ago the population of
Liverpool did nut exceed 2560; its shipping
amounted to zoo. barks, and its capital
.did not ex.
ceed 20001. At present that City had soon Ships
floating, and its seamen were as good as any in the
Empire. Its populationwas 80,000, and its capital
of 20001. had been iocreased to as many millions,
and all this improvement had arisen, in a great
measure, frtmz the Slave Trade. The agitation of
the quefaion of Abolition of the Slave Trade had
unfurled the standard of the Rights of Man, which
had produced so many miseries to mankind. He
did not impute to the non. Mover principles of
Jacobinisto, though this measure was calculated to
promote them. He had paid a visit of curiosity to
Pavia in 1791, and on his expressing a desire to attend
one of the Jacobin meetings to the Marquis De La
Fayette, was informed that his person would not be
safe them, as he had opposed the Abolition of the
Slave Trade—whereas if Mr. WILifiIiFOACE had
'beers there, he would have received, in all probahi.
14, the fraternal hug from the 'resident (a laugh!),
and, in fart, a Diploma of jaeobinism, he believed,
had been sent to that Honourable Gentleman. He
approved of the idea of employing soots Negroes in
arms, but could not see how they who supported
this measure could reconcile such a scheme with
it. On the whole, therefore,. he should oppose the

Mr. FULLER did not know how far the re-
port of the Contrail for getting the gOOO Negroes
for soldiers was in Ole present instance weiLfnuntled,
but such a report had certainly prevailed en a for-
mer occasion, He thought that those who resided
on the spot were the best judges of the propriety
of the measure, and contended that the Report of
the Committee of the Honse of Assembly was better

authority than the assertion of the lion. 1171:inber
who had just sat down, and had Imerted that the
present was the best time fur abolishing the'rude.
A strong reason in favour.of the Trade was, that the
cultivation of coffee would require a considerable
increase in the number Of Slaves, and that the pro.
due of that article might be.. carried to the amount
ut 1,000,0001, sterling a-year. The present 'popti-
!Minn would not supply sufficient for the common
management' of the Settleinents„ He complained,
that there was no Clame in the 'for compensating
any losses that would arise from the operation of
the Bill, and contended, that the Hun. Gentleman

wonld not dare to interfere in the case of a Turnpike
Road or a Canal, or with any man's property in this
Country, without giving him first a full equivalent.
Agentl, he Maintained, had the same right to con.
siticration that the Planters had. lie did not im-
Tote any unworthy Motives Cu the supporters of the
Bill ;' bat he was convinced, that as the man who
ptrtended to more courage titan another had gene_
rally less, so he who pretended to more religion
than others, was often the greate4l cheat.
Mr, tiILEY AO9/NGTON had given more
consideration to this stittia that) anyother that had
come under his ohservation in Parliament, and )et
his opiniln remained unaltered. Ile was convinced
that the measure wiiS impracticable, and that so tar
form promoting t!i: interet a itt humanity, it st

- . .
tend to de tellormc the condition of the Airiciin.,

vvtiatever vopolar odium [night be attacllol m the
avowal of h; (pinion,. he could not avoid exprc4.
sing it, whilA lie admictO, he W 45 00$ !Atwell

terested, not had connexions interested in the con.
sequence of the measure.
Mr. BAR ftiim expl4ined. _ _

Sir WM. PULfENEY considered the advantages
held out from the meabure-aLtheoretical, whilst the
dangers were certain. He had lived lung enough to
know the uncertainty of theories. The West Indies
could not be cultivated by Europeans, and in warm
climates subsistence was so easily procured, that
the people would not work if not urged to it. The
measure then under consideration was not the best
mode of obtaining the objet professed. It would
be much more likely to produce the end desired,
without any of the mischief, if the importation of
Slues was to be rendered more difficult, so as that
the persons now in the Trade might have time to
accommodate their circumstances to the change.
Theory and pratlice were different. He had known
many theories supported by splendid eloquence,
which afterward 4 burst into air. The great Duke
of Marlborough was a great Statesman and Soldier,
and always calculated consequences, which these
figurative Gentlemen never did. The disproportion
of Blacks to Whites being as 30 to t, was now a
cause of danger to the Colonies, and would be more
formidable if new ideas were to be introduced
amongst them.
Mr. FOX deprecated the mode of argument that
had been adopted by the Hon. Baronet in his ge.
neral declamation against eloquence. He was at
some pains to conjecture what theories the Hon.
Baronet had alluded to, but his declamation, he
contended, would lead to a paradoxical conclusion
which the Hon. Baronet had not in his contempla.
tion, namely, that all measores which were elo.
quently, that is, ably supported, ought to he dreaded.
It had at one time, during/the French Revolution,
been an opinion, that of all aristocracies the aristo.
cracy of talents was :the most dangerous. As to
theories, undoubtedly many had failed, though
ably supported in the first instance, as others had
by. the weight of numbers against them; but what
was the theory in the present instance ? that no ad.
vantage was to be derived from the Abolition of the
Trade ; and what was the fad t that much mischief
existed, and considerable danger would arise 'from
continuing it. As to the idea of making the Alio.
lition gradual, he thought the lapse of thirteen
years since the sense of Parliament had been pro.
nounced on the injustice of the Trade, without any
plan having been produced by the Genticmeu using
this reserved argument, was the best answer to it.
He hoped, therefore, that whatever opposition
might be made to the measure, the continued di.
claration of the sense of the House of Commons upon
it would have the desired effed in promoting its
adoption.
Mr. IIUDDLESTON ably followed on the same
side. He trusted that the British Legislature, in
abolishing this infamous traffic, would remove the
greatest opprobrium that ever attached to its conduti.
He contrasted the situation of the African Slave
with the comfort of the Hinduo Peasant, and con-
cluded an able speech with an eloquent panegyric on
the condud of Mr. WiLBERFORCR.

The CHANCELLOR of .the oEXCHEQUER
did not mean to enter into the Debate, he meant
only to say a few words on the suhjed of the con.
met that had been alluded to. The fad was, that
no such contraet had ever existed. An application
had been made from the West Indies ttl that effea,
but had been rejeaed by the Government. He did
not deny, however, that it was in contemplation to
employ Free Blacks as Soldiers.

Mr. u LLEAL and General GASCOYNI severally
explained. .

The Que'Rion being then loudly called fur,

Mr. WILBERFORCE felt it necessary to say
a few words, in order to make good the ground
that had already been gained, least it should he con-
cluded from his silence, that he had given up the
opinion, that the Slave Trade was codttsty Cu jus.
tice. When the subject had been first discussed, a
great'majority of the House had voted the Trade
unjust, and, the only difference amongst them was,
whether it ought to be immediately or gradually
abolished I They had all agreed on the necessity
of removing this foul reproach from the national
charader; and he sincerely regretted, that they who
differed with him as to the 'time, had confined
themselves to opposing his measure without pro.
posing any plan of their own in its place.—He
argued, from the example of the United States
of America, that the natural increase was sufficient
to keep up the numbers even in climates less conge.
nial to the Negroes than the West India Islands.—
Nothing could tend more to increase the profits of
the Proprietors and Planters than the Abolition 'of
the Slave Trade: the facility with which Slaves were
procured at present being the cause of their being
treated with no management or care. He abstained
from entering into the particulars of the treatment
of the Negroes, as that could only create mutual
irritation ; but the treatment was altogether such as
to degrade these unfortunate beings below the level of
the human species, to be adua'ted only as brutes, by
the whip, to the total exclusion of the impulse of the
reasoning faculty. He wished to render the Ne. '
groes a happy and industrious peasantry, and to
prevent the mischief of their making use of their
physical force to the destrudion of their masters.—
The example of a neighbouring Island was sufficient
to prove to our West India Proprietors that the
Negroes were capable of fowling plans on distant
views, of maturing their designs with secrecy, pur.
suing them with industry, and executing them
with vigour. He looked upon it as madness to de..
sire ermancipation at present ; but he knew there
were among the Proprietors themselves some who
looked forward with pleasure to the time when it
may take place with Safety and advantage. The
Colonial Assemblies felt no hope of the Abolition
but (torn the British Parliament, though it was the
best gift that could:he conferred on the Island, anti
the most certain means of their prosperity.

Lord TEMPLE wished to know whether
IVl,tjesty's Government had not contratted, or ot.
fertai to contratt, for 5000 Negrqes, he did not
bay to be imported, but to be. tarnished in the
blat.ti goi. or 601. a man, by Decerntter next,
to tierve bi soldiers underststouti that 3 Mcr.
thanq in Liverpool was now firtirx out a vessel for
the Chart ot Africa ittttort N,ltroc,) with u viety
to this eottrit:t.

P~

MAILS.
AR.RIVZD-3 Waterford. DUE-8 Ilambingh, 3 Gottgn"
burgb, t Dublin, t Waterford.

PRICE OF STOCKS
Tali DAY ♦T TWIILVIL O°Cl..OCi.
Consols sS 01110111111

THE SUN•

8014 M Qufs Dicta& fAL&UM AVOtAT?

LONDON,

LIDAY, MARCH 1 1805•

WE this morning received the American Pe
to the 3d ult. The Trial of the A,merievi MS"
is at length concluded ; the majority of the Seolge
voted them guilty, the numbers being 13 504.0
bur, as by the Law of America, a majority oftllP
thirds is necessary for the conviilion of the peto
accused, the Defendants were acquitted.
We have extrasted the only articles of impafr
in these Papers.

Tars morning we received liataburgh,PoP"
the 9th ult. The intelligence they bring hes becor's
a great measure, anticipated by the Dutch ?eh
a
The following arc the only Articles any Watt;
e mac which we have net already laid her," s/i.
Readers. There is also in these Paper,' e Bette
from Madrid, containing a communication fogi.
Roche,- of the date of the 6th January, stati4 Lag
t de
the ravages oi'tlie Fever at Gibraltar hid.°
creased; which we know to be false.
VIENNA, JAN. 26.—The new French
sador, M. Da LA Roc H E FOU CAVIDI Will Veil°
make his pubic entry.'
GassaA r (061
Mr. ARBUTHNOT, who goes A
nirr-th•
England, to Constantinople, and who tr
eight days ago, is arrived at Trieste, whence
proceed to Constantinople on board an Engligh,
gate, accompanied by several English Gentle
Comrnnst
MILAN, JAN. PrOVlSiProvisionaryhas been appointed here to determine in the last
w.
instance on the legality of Prizes, made by Pr
teers under the Flag of the Italian Repnblie. r hat
t ALeghern, where the infeetious
distompe
now ceased, sixteen Merchant Ships have enter
the harbour between the 3oth of Decensher4P",
stl
T 1 of January,
neces necessary measures of precaution have si petit
adopted in the Republic of the Seven Islantiolle r
the epidemic distemper which has prevailed it
horn.
Tits Bill intended to procure a Issrs-fn
: ofes
Sanction to. the Abolition of the SlavVliCe
last night rejeded in the House of Cont(PGntasi,
-The subjea of this Trade has been so dtgniog" is
cussed, that'it may be thought that nothing 0.
can be said on the score of policy, interest° C:
f tit
inanity. It is, however, a question of 'sr:Y:l of
rn!gnitude, and connected with such * vlr'" or
comidetations, arising -from' its own naturi.4ool
well as from the possible views and condo° d (3- oft
States, that it requires the most grave 'ln 111111/11
reflection. The interests of humanity mart
ell aS
press strongly upon i Legislative Bodies, At
aler
upon private individuals ; hut it ought to he
ob,
clearly manifested, that when vast cornmerciati
jeCts are brought into hazard, the real lotactio,
humanity are likely to be essentially and Pe thi
ently.eifeded by any proposed measure',
~„paili
present moment, therefore, the friends of nu',ollll
will 'themselves, perhaps, wish to pause, lest lijble
indulgence of feelings in the highest degree lihrijit
and honourable, .they may suggest Pions that,
and •
not properly matured, may, in the end, frutts'ool
very objeds which those feelings lir 03°11 1111
to secure.

....................
IVA 1 0/1
Yesterday,
was
a private Levee, at the Queen's House' TheiC
aall':nr:Cild(liCi9leHHl Imperialitt:na cTni‘riecos(itt'Alio)ll;l:l‘B:‘:::leiwtrrsotaPredtri livv(Nribocoleet:°.gCsiikgri• l'uL:licgi'cfs;;ll9';:el::::l:l°Gc-c;"4:11:1111:1:
cicnso\tliv:a:iittignLord MuLca.AvE, Lor'd ?At/1'811:015'
Waiting, Admiral CAMP, Sirs S.SMIII4'..
111,
ELL. MO
tools
11111 ryC()-110 wing Presentations to MI —, rttl
place :—Sir Si DNFY SMITH, WhO 01:-„Sie rtr„
7 I,s.
Afteri A
jt
El Tri:ble, consequence
ei,t.,(inlliip
ul. p T 0 ti:fw1:::::_ot:10::
itartion to be Colonel of Marines, wtts P,(4,Bc„cesilT
he. had the
'lira' CAmr, I
:tom Portu I by the 11,°t' ' ,
ga I , ti,
Ambassador. 0 P"I'l
fll;tlr.,,Aii EnfoTY ell -1,
41-I(lterlet! to 1..,,f)rd Nivt.- ' d Mr, 111.1, I
. ,

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etAlyi

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