The Sun.
London, England, 1851-10-13 00:00:00

THE GOLD REGIONS.

A company has been advertised for working one of
the California mines belonging to Colonel Fremont.
The title is to be the Agua Fria Gold Mining Com-
pany, and the proposed capital is 100,0001. in it.
shares, to be paid in full. It is situated to the south-
east of San Francisco in the Mariposa district, and,
ac-

. .
cording to the prospectus, the vein of gold quartz
.o be explored is supposed to be of an average thick-
ness of four feet, commencing at the summit of a bill
of 150 feet above an adjoining creek, and containing
18,000 tons between that and the water level. Speci-
mens :of the' vein, assumed to be of an average
quality, have been essayed at the United States' Mint
and in London, and have also been tested at the
Bank of England, and would give a gross value of
8701. per cwt. Almost inexhaustible profits are there-
fore held out as the prospect of bringing machinery
to bear upon this single spot. Unlike some pre-
vious concerns that have been noticed, its direc-
tion is entirely composed of persons of unques-
tionable respectability, and there is also reason
to believe that those who are interested in the
mine, as the original lessees under Colonel Fre-
mont, are acting with perfect sincerity. They have
deposited, it is said, specimens to the value of 5,0001.,
in token of their good faith, to be applicable as a
guarantee fur all expenses previously to the working
of the mine, and they also appear to have backed their
representations with the best evidencce that was avail-
able. In the face of these things, however, it is ne-
cessary to caution the public against wild anticipa-
tions. The speculation is a legitimate and desirable
one, but it is still thoroughly a speculation. Assuming
the machinery to be safely on the ground, and large
gains in course of realization, those gains must be
shared in a great degree with the persons employed.
There are also other contingencies to be taken into
account—possible contests regarding rights, the diffi-
culties of supervision, Scc. It is, moreover, to be
noticed that if even these points be set aside, the real
question of profit to the English shareholders must
depend entirely upon a matter upon which the pros•
pectus is not explicit, namely—the consideration they
are to pay to the lessees for the privilege of working.
It is announced that " the terms on which the assign-
ment has been received are such as, under the cir-
cumstances, must be considered most liberal ;" but
their precise nature should, if possible, have been fully
stated.
The last accounts from Sydney regarding the gold
region reached to the 26th June, but were extremely
meagre. Full particulars to that date have now ar-
rived, and it will be seen from the following extracts
that they are very satisfactory :
Extract of letter dated Bathurst, 23d June, relative to
the Turon gold diggins:—
" I started in company with —, and reached the
Turon about 1 o'clock, followed the river up about two
miles, and found the party. After partaking
of dinner joined the diggins on the river bank, and tried
my band at the rocker. Continued at this that afternoon
and next day, and then cried ' enough.' We got some
gold dust, but not much, and from all the inquiries I
made I found that every one procured some, quite suf-
ficient to repay the working man, but not enough to
make it worth a gentleman's while to forego his other
occupations and more legitimate modes of making
money. A party of three men, by working steadily,
may realise from two to three ounces a-week ; and as it
is all dust there, and every shovelful contains some, all
may get a certain proportion. There have been no lumps
dug up at the Turon, so there is less chance, and con-
sequently less excitement. My opinion is that it will re-
solve itself into a steady article of production, a new' ex-
port from the colony, upon which a very large popula-
tion may be employed, but without any detriment to the
other branches of industry in the country. A propor-
tion of the population will become gold-diggers, but
sufficient, in a very short time, for all the other wants of
the colonists will be procurable at present wages. All
gloomy apprehensions have completely subsided in this
district, and I should hope before long will in all others.
Shepherds and men accustomed to light work will never
attempt to get a living by digging; as soon should I think
of doing so; and should future discoveries, like the
Turon, require constant steady hard work to be re-
munerative, there is little fear of old hands taking

Extract from letter dated Bathurst, 25th June, relative
to discovery of gold and its effect on sheep farmers in
the neighbourhood.
"I am happy to state that everything at my station
up to this period is going on satisfactorily, not a single
person leaving, nor any inclination evinced to do so. In-
stead of apprehensions of scarcity of labour, there is
every reason to anticipate a plentiful supply from the dis-
appointed parties at the diggins.
" They are flocking here from all quarters, some well
equipped, others the reverse. At the same time fresh
fields of gold are almost daily discovered, and the metal
will no doubt be obtained in other parts of the colony,
and thus Equalise labour in the several districts. Yet I
am inclined to think the largest field will be found here,
and if so, I think that existing interests will be rather
improved than injured, and that fresh resources will be
developed. The carcase of the sheep will be more pro-
fitable, while the fleece in the London market will main-
tain a remunerative price. On the whole, the gold dia-
u)very will ultimately be attended with glorious results,
and tne colony will advance rapidly.
" The proportion of the fortunate is small compared
with the bulk, but that will always be the case when
every man thinks he has as good a chance as his neigh-
bour. lam informed that at the Turon the gold has
not yet been found in lumpy, but there is abundance in
sma t parcels, and most persons at work find a more

taiu return fur their labour, procuring nearly iez. per
day on average.
I could purchase gold here to advantage if I had the
fund-31. prr oz. f,,r dust free from quartz; the piece
which the Governor purchased was ()tiered to me at
645. per oz."

ALLEGED POISONING BY A

MOTHER.

BATH, OCT. 10.—The circumstances of an extra-
ordinary charge of poisoning, which was preferred
against a very respectable looking woman yesterday,
have been already briefly narrated in The Sun. At
the private investigation before the magistrates the
prisoner stated her name to be Elizabeth Slater,
the charge against her being that of attempting the
life of her child, by the administration of poison.
This morning a public examination was commenced
in the Sessions Court of the Guildhall, before Mr.
F. Dowding (mayor), and several other magistrates.
The prosecution was conducted by Mr. Williams,
of the firm of Taylor and Williams, and the prisoner
was defended by Mr. Hellings. The alleged husband
of the prisoner, Mr. Slater, and who it transpired is
really Mr. Crosby, a solicitor, in practice at Bristol,
was in attendance, and took notes of the evidence.
The prisoner, whose real name is Elizabeth Lewis, has
hitherto carried on a highly respectable seminary, in
conjunction with her mother, at Redland, near Bristol.
She appeared very faint and ill, but occasionally passed
notes to Mr. Crosby during the proceedings.
Mrs. Searle, wife of James B. Searle, chemist, of
No. 28, Claverton-street, Widcombe, deposed that the
first time the prisoner came to her house vim on Sa-
turday, the 7th of June last. She then took furnished
apartments for one week, stating that her husband,
Mr. Slater, would be there on Monday, and, if he
approved of the rooms, they would take them for a
month or six weeks. The prisoner appeared in the
family-way. She gave her name as Mrs. Slater. On
Monday she went to the railway station to meet her
husband, and returned with a gentleman who called
himself Mr. Slater. He remained a short time, and
then went away again. [The witness was here asked
if that gentleman was present, when she pointed out
Mr. Crosby, who was sitting by the side of Mr. Hel-
lings.] The prisoner was confined on Tuesday, the
10th, of a girl. She was attended by Mr. Lawrence,
surgeon, who was recommended by witness. The
prisoner remained about a month at Mr. Searle's,
leaving on the 4th of July. The child was dry
nursed, and healthy. The prisoner arranged with
witness for nursing the child, the sum to be paid
being 105. per week, besides extra for washing.
A. fortnight after the prisoner left, she called, in
Company with Mr. Slater, and saw the baby. At
the end of another fortnight they called again.
1b?5,. went int,) the drawing-room, and desired witness
lounginer wards
to bring the baby up to them, which she did. When
entered the room, Mr. Slater was
en-
tered the root:"
by himg. upon the
sofa,
Slater replied, and Mrs. Sater standing close
in the room at the heard the prisoner say as she en-
i:l"dShall I, or will you ?" and Mr.
It also shrienkg eil
otle t care which." The baby was
was taken very ill, bTiae. The same night the baby
bowels,
erg sick and relaxed in its
after Mr. and Mrs. Slater left about. The baby was restlessnhethi:,:Fnriardeveuaoinehac,nl,aameuanrengadaewtoionkiscewktheiandes
almost immediately
the country.
ctchhaelilledndi gwihnta.tso ssNeeteei txitttOinaonwrdni ti 'int
il3gso,
without in -
During that time the prisoner called 111
gentleman
witness did not know, and finding thevitt.gone, told
sahweawyshoeuld write to
formingh ers he oughther. notv,ri t
ntoe e
Witness
atvoel toldsent
forming her. Witness told hcr iift
her when she wished to see it again,
it home. Prisoner afterwards wrote, andwtolliled get
was brought home. The prisoner called on theehfild
lowing day, accompanied by Mr. Slater. That was I.
on the 13th of September. They took tea andre-
mained about two hours, the child being
with them alone part of the time. Witness told
them the child had been very unwell, and she
had had great trouble with it. They expressed
their satisfaction at the way the child was nursed,
and the baby was not worse on that evening. Last
Saturday fortnight the prisoners called again between
eleven and twelve o'clock in the morning. The baby
`pfas asleep in the parlour on the sofa. Witness left
the prisoner
still alone with it. On her return the baby
wa
•ts 1 asleep, but putting out its tongue and moving
I Ins- The •
over the the Prisoner was sitting on a chair leaning
said to her, ,:and with her hand near its face. She
to he sick." Witness
Searle, the baby has been inclined
she has not been esta replied, "I am sorry for it, for
was sick, and
witness
for a long time." The baby
wipe its mouth when was going to fetch a towel to
miad,
and
vi,p , . en the prisoner told her not to
i pod its mauth wi • th her pocket handket-

chief. After the prisoner left the child was again
seized with sickness and diarrhcea, but not so violent
as before. The next visit of the prisoner was on
Saturday last, when she asked if she could have a
room to herself. Witness told her the drawing-
rooms were let, and she had no room except a bed-
room, where she would be alone. She accepted that,
and the baby was taken to her. She said she was
very glad to see the baby so much better. Witness
left the room, and on her return the prisoner was
nursing the child, and again said it was
inclined to be sick. The baby vomited,
and had diarrhoea afterwards ; but not so violent,
and it seemed very weak and prostrate. The pri-
soner called again last Tuesday. She appeared very
excited. She inquired if she could have a room alone.
Before that, on going into the parlour, witness found
the prisoner in a corner of the room with the child in
her arms, where she could not be seen from the shop.
A police inspector was in the shop, but prisoner did
not know it. She was afterwards in the bedroom
about twenty minutes with the child. When the
child was brought down to witness, she found it had
been sick over its nightgown. The child was very
prostrate afterwards, and suffered from sickness and
diarrhcc3, and remains very ill now. The nightgown
and napkins were given to the police inspector. The
child appeared, also, on these occasions to have a dif-
ficulty in swallowing.
Cross-examined by Mr. Hellings—The prisoner
came to my house on the 9th of June, and was confined
on the following day. Once or twice the baby sucked
to relieve the mother ; that was all. She did not con-
tinue to suck for ten days. I don't know how long
she did. I can't swear anything about it. When she
used to suckle her the baby was fed upon milk and
water. During the month the baby bad tops and bot-
toms and different foods. Mr. Lawrence was applied
to by the prisoner to recommend a nurse for a month.
I said I had no objection to take charge of the child
myself, as Mrs. Slater said she was going to London,
and that was agreed to. She appeared to be very
fond of the baby, and I think it likely she told me
to take all possible care of it. She made me a present
of a shawl before she left. When she left she did
not say " Mind take care of the baby." She directed
me to inform her if anything happened to the baby,
and I would not swear she did not give me directions
if it was ill to call in Mr. Lawrence. She came to
see the baby about a fortnight after she left, but I do
not know that my husband wrote to her first. I
believe not. The baby never would retain much
milk on her stomach; she was sick when she took
much ; she would never retain it. Tops and bottoms
and arrowroot were given it—the former are farina-
ceous food manufactured entirely for babies. I swear
the prisoner never wrote to me requesting that I
would get Revelenta. We got Revelenta for the baby.
When we get letters of no importance we destroy
them at once generally.
The proceedings, which had lasted nearly six hours,
were then adjourned.

LAW INTELLIGENCE.
COURT OF BANKRUPTCY, Oct. 11.
(Before Mr. Commissioner EvAlis.)
IN RE GRAHAM.

The bankrupt, James Graham, was a warehouse-
man, in Noble-street. This was the last examina-
tion meeting. The following items are on the balance-
sheet, extending over five years, up to August, 1851 :
—creditors, unsecured, 1,271/. ; liability, 36/. ; pro-
fits, 1,1461. ; debtors, good, 1021. ; losses, 4001. ;
trade expenses, 9181. ; domestic, 1,0201.
Mr. IL Linklater, for the assignees, did not oppose ;
he thought the accounts the best that could be ren-
dered.
The bankrupt passed.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.
MANSION-HOUSE.

John Pearson was brought up, charged with hav-
ing defrauded a great number of watchmakers and
others. A multitude of victims attended the exami-
nation of the prisoner, which excited no small degree
of interest and curiosity.
Mr. Benjamin, of Bevis-marks, watchmaker, said--
The prisoner called upon me for work, and I con-
sented to give him half the price he asked for finishing
a watch movement. He told me he preferred work-
ing in his own house, that his name was Mills, and he
lived at 27, Compton-street, Goswell-street, and that
he would let me have the movement in two or three
days at furthest. He never came with the work, and
I went to look after him, and found that he was not
known at the place. Yesterday he came again, and
he said to me, " Mr. Benjamin, you gave my brother
a watch movement to finish, and I am sorry to say
that he dropped down dead yesterday, and if you wish
to see him he is now lying dead in his coffin."—
(Laughter.) I said, " Wiled your.brother I" He
said, " Yes ; there's four of us, and if you saw us all
together you would not know the difference."
" Well," says I, " it's a shocking thing to think of."
" Oh," he replied, " it is a very bad business, and he
had a watch movement of yours. Now, if you let me
have a sample of watches to finish I shall bring them
all home to you finished." I sent for a policeman and
gave him into custody, when he said his name was not
Mills but Pearson, and he lived at the Model Lodg-
ing-house in Drury-lane. I gave the trade notice that
be was in custody.
Mr. Benjamin Simmonds, of Bury-street, St. Mary
Axe, sail the prisoner applied to me at the end of
August for work as a watch finisher and escapement
maker. He mentioned the names of several indus-
trious and respectable men, and I had every confidence
in him, and gave him a watch movement, which he
was to brink back finished in three days. He said
his name was John Pearson, and that he lived at 3ts
or 39, Waterloo-street, St. Luke's. I went to that
address, where I was told that he had lived there,
but that he had absconded from the house two
months before, leaving his wife and family upon the
parish.
Mr. Henry Lazarus, of Jury-street, Houndsditch,
said—On Monday fortnight the prisoner called upon
me and solicited work. I said I was not in immediate
want of a workman, and that I should, if I employed
a man, require respectable references as to the qua-
lity of his work. He said he had nothing to show,
but he might have borrowed a good specimen, but
was too respectable for that sort of business. I still
refused to employ him without a reference, but he
used such extraordinary address that I was induced
to intrust him with two watch movements.

In another case the prisoner obtained 'a Geneva
watch and two movements for alteration, and sent the
owner the duplicates of the articles.
W. Neale, servant to Sir A. de Rothschild, of 2,
Grosvenor-place, said—On the 29± of August the
prisoner called at our house to inquire for a man who
is known to me, and who he said bought a watch of
him. He said he worked for Mr. Dent two or three
days in the week, but he did the business at his pri-
vate residence; that he had just been at Miss Burdett
Coutts', and had got the movement of a watch from
that lady's butler. He then took a movement
out of his pocket, and showed it to me, saying
that if I had anything to do he could do it
cheaper and better than it was done in the
shops. He then went away, but he came again on the
following day to thank me for the information I had
given him about the man he inquired for. Believing
the man to be respectable, my fellow-servants showed
him and asked his opinion of watches they had pur-
chased of a courier. He said that they were all good
watches, but that one of them, which belonged to a
female servant, wanted a little repair, and he took out
the movement and returned the case, and went away,
saying that he would return next day and maks all
right.
There were a great many more cases against the
prisoner, who said he would give the officer all the
information necessary upon the subject, and that he
had been very miserable for a length of time.
The prisoner was then remanded.
GUILDHALL.

Charles Martin and Thomas Blowes, two ruffianly-
looking cabmen, were charged before Alderman Sir
R. W. Carden with the following daring attempt at
highway robbery.
Mr. Charles Watson, a cloth worker, 0f59, London-
wall, said—l had occasion to visit a friend at Stoke
Newington yesterday evening, and engaged the pri-
soner Martin to drive me down. I left there to re-
turn home about half-past eleven the same night, and
on the way frequently urged Martin to drive rapidly
back. I observed Blowes following the cab at Stoke
Newington, and particularly noticed that Martin was
purposely loitering on the road. On arriving at
Finsbury-pavement I got out of the cab, and was
about to pay the fare, when Blowes suddenly made
his appearance and snatched at my watch-guard, and
succeeded only in pulling it out of my pocket.
Martin was standing behind me holding me by the
collar. I called for assistance and gave the prisoners
had-e
d Crboesesnpattairine
dn.ldhebrye
was
ytnino
into custody.
—allterdcidatinonot
fare. about say
you
e
Ite- •
exammed—l missed one sovereign from my
pocket, but I c
feotly sober. I nnot tell how I lost it. I was per-
the struggle. If believe I lost the sovereign during
strong they would have
watch-guard had not been very
A •
lartin said, I toolaive had my watch.
to Stoke Newington, the prosecutor, your Worship,
hours and a half, while '
andli waited for him about two
told him several times thate was
playing at cards. I
that I agreed for, and he he was keeping me longer
to a glass of brandy and quieted me by treating me
ale. When prosecutor gota.er, and several pints of
away without paying me nioutf of my cab he walked
him back he said his friend yat fare, and when I called
paid me. Thinking ha was tri Stoke Newington had
fare I asked Blowes to stop himY, nLilo bilk me of my
Mr. Mtson—There is not one word a setae ensued.
that prisoner has stated. of truth in all
Blowes said—l went down to Stoke Newington
With Martin to see a brother of mine, and
cave back

with him. I have been cut of employment about a
fortnight, and left my last master because the " oases"
was not good enough for me.
Sir R. W. CARDEN—It appears to me that this is
a conspicacy between you both to rob Mr. Watson
of his watch and chain, and had not the police ren-
dered assistance in time, I have no doubt but that
you would have succeeded. It is evident that Blowes
had that object in view, and that Martin was co-ope-
rating with him in loitering on the road to enable
him to keep pace with the cab. Under these circum-
stances I shall deprive you both of your licences as
cab-drivers, but I should not be doing my duty to
the public if I allowed you to escape so easily. I
shall, therefore, sentence you to fourteen days' impri-
sonment in the House of Correction with hard labour.

Dividend 1 Amount
Same of Company. per of Paid. Price.
Annum. Share.
011••••• ...M.. ••• ....... •••••••••,,,....
£ s. d. £ 1. d.
Australasia ........ • • 4/. per cent. 40 0 0 40 0 0 -
BritshNorth American 51. per cent. 50 0 0 50 0 0 -
Commercial of London 161. per cent. 100 0 0 20 0 0 -
Colonial . -
Gloucestershire ...• • • 115/per cent. - - -
1
lonian -
London and County .. i 61. per cent. 50 0 0 20 0 0 -
Loudn and Westrainstr 16/. per cent. 100 0 0 20 0 0 -
London Joint-Stock ... ‘ 61. per cent. 50 0 0 10 0 0 -
Provincial of Ireland.. 181. per cent. 100 0 0 25 0 0 -
Ditto, New.- -••• • , 8/. per cent. 10 0 0 10 0 0 -
National of Ireland .. ' 51. per cent. 50 0 0 22 10 0 -
Nat. Provncial of Eng. 61. per cent. 100 0 0 35 0 0 -
Ditto, New. •-•• • • i 51. per cent. 20 0 0 10 0 0 -
Oriental B enk Corora. - 25 0 0 25 0 0 -
South Australia -
Union of Australia.... ' 61. per cent. 35 0 0 25 0 0 -
Ditto •....... •• •• - 1 61. per cent. - 210 0 -
Union of L0nd0n..... 171. per cent. 50 0 0 10 0 0 -
Union of Madrid ..... 1 - 40 0 0 40 0 0
INSURANCE COMPANIES.
Dividend Amount
Name of Company. 1 per -
of Paid. Price
Annum. Share.
Z e. d. I X s. 41.
---- --
Albion .........• .• • • 31. 10s. 500 0 0 50 0 0 86
Alliance Brit. and For. 71. 14s. Gd.bs. 100 0 0 11 0 0 21%
Ditto Marine. ••• • • • 61. p.c.& be. 100 0 0 25 0 0 40
Atlas .
Argus Life -••- • • • • 41. per cent. 100 0 0 18 0 0 -
British Commercial •• 75. 6d. 50 0 0 5 0 0 74
Clericl,Medie Gen. Life spr et. 3c, bs. 100 0 0 10 0 0 25
County .............. 41. 100 0 0 10 0 0 14
Crown ........ -•• •• 14s. SO 0 0 5 0 0 15
Eagle
Eqity and Law •• 4% per cent. 100 0 0 5 0 0 41%
European Life ••• • • 10s. 20 0 0 All paid. 11%
General --- •• - 5 0 0 . 51/4,
Globe
Guardian ...... •••• •• 51. per cent 100 0 0 45 0 0 53%
Imperial Fire .... •• •• 121. per cent. 500 0 0 50 0 0 245
Imperial Life .. ••• • • • 12s. 100 0 0 10 0 0 18
Indemnity Marine.. ••11.04. & %a. 100 0 0 20 0 0 49
Law Fire . .... -•• •• 2s. & 28.bs. 100 0 0 210 0 11%
Law Life • • .... -- .. - 100 0 0 10 0 0 4614
Legal and General Life - 50 0 0 2 0 0 4%
London Fire --.•- 101. & be. 25 0 0 12 10 0 19
London Ship ........ 10s. & be. 25 0 0 12 10 0 19
Slarine - ..... - .... 158. per share 100 0 0 lb 0 0 15
Sled. Invlid &Gen. Life 4%i. per ct. 50 0 0 20 0 2%
Monarch •••••• • • .... - 5 0 0 1 0 0 1
National Lean Fund.. 51. per cent. 20 0 0 210 0 2%
Palladium Life Si. per cent. ao 0 0 2 0 0 -
Phoenix - - 158
Professional Life.. •• • • 51. per cent. 6 3 0 010 0 175.6 d
Provident Life.... •• • • 11. ss. labs. 100 0 0 10 0 0 30
Mock Life............ 58. $ 0 0 010 0 6%
Royal Exchange 6l. p.ct. & be, Stock. all 221%
Sun Fire. - 9 1 209
Ditto Lffe . - 46
United Kingdom
Universal Life lO% ct. SG bs. 100 0 0 10 0 0 -
Victoria Life 5/. per cnt. - I 4 12 6 5%
WATER..I77O7iXII.
Dividend Amount
Name of Company. per of Paid. Price.
Annum. Share.
---, - - -
£1 s. d. X s. d.
East London...• •• •• •• , 81. per cent. 100 0 0 - 151
Grand Junction •• •• •• 41. per cnt. 50 0 0 -
69
Rent- .... .. --.. •• 41. per cat. 100 0 0 - 811
Lambeth -••••• • • • • • i 51. per mt. 100 0 0 - 97
Now Rivr Lndn Erdge I 41. Os. - - 5734
Vauxha11'.......... •• 1 Si. per cnt. 100 0 0 - 97
West Middlesex • . • 161.05. pr cut. - - 108
DOORS.
Dividend Amount
Name of Company. per of Paid. Price.
Annum. Share.
..------ -. - _.
£ s. d. £ s. d.
Commercial ...... •• .. 41. pr cent. Stock. - 84
East and West Ind' a ... 61. pr cent. Stock. - 142
East Country • 20s. per sh. 100 0 0 - -
London 5/. pr cent. Stock. - 115
Ditto Bonds •••••• • • 41. per cent. - - -
St. Katharine .. •• •• •• 3% per cent. Stock. - 79
Ditto Bonds • • • • -•• 4%1. pr cent. - - -
Southampton .. •• •• •• 21. per cent., 50 0 01 50 0 0 16%
BRIDGES
Dividend Amount
Name of Company. per of Paid. Price.
Annum. Share.
-----
Z. s. d. X. s. 4.
Hungerford.• • • • • • • •• - - - 15
Southwrk .•..•• • • • • - 100 0 0 - -
Ditto Nw of 7% p.c. 70s. per cent. 50 0 0 - 16
Waterloo •••••••• • • • • - 100 0 0 - 3
Ditto Old Ann. of 51. 21. Bs. Od. - 60 0 0 25
Ditto Nw ditto of 71. 21. 28. Od. - 40 0 0 -
Vauxhall .... ... Av. 21. 70 10 3 - 18