The Sun.
London, England, 1834-08-25 00:00:00

purpose which I had :_formed never to depart from my word and
the sacredness of the oath with which I had bound myself to
my subjects, brouglit me to Europe, after I had abdicated the
imperial throne of Bt azil.
" Here two spectacles equally great, but of opposite ten-
dencies, presented the 'mselves to my contemplation. I saw on
the one hand a mu net ous and distinguished portion of illustri-
ous patriots, of hob 'towable and loyal Portuguese, incessantly
labouring with the -most generous assiduity to recover from
the hands of the Ulm per the throne of the Queen, and ready
to encounter for that: purpose all kinds of obstacles, opposition,
and dangers.
" I saw on the at her hand, and experienced myself, the
great and redoubled 'efforts which opposed so arduous an en-
terprise, either on *e part of the numerous sectaries of des-
potism, or of the political interests of the Cabinets, or lastly,
of the powerful fonts: of an association which called itself con-
servative, and which iwas organized and spread over all Europe.
" In the midst or all this, it was easy for me to perceive
that the eyes of all, -arid the sole hope of the loyal Portuguese,
were fixed upon me, and convinced that Providence, by extra-
ordinary and unusual ways, called me to the direction of so
difficult, though glorious an enterprise, I undertook to place
myself at the head of the noble and honourable party of loy-
alty, and not to negl et t any means of saving the honour of the
nation, the throne or, my august daughter, and the liberty to
which the oppressed. Portuguese were justly entitled.
" From that time forward, I did not hesitate invariably to
follow my resolution, despising with profound indignation the
insulting means whic h were attempted to make me deviate
from my purpose. :Every thing, however, was wanting, and
every thing was cretated anew. I regret that.' cannot men-
tion individually all that was suffered, all that was done, all
that was attempted. I regret that I cannot mention the names
of all the noble Portuguese who, with indefatigable zeal and
with sincere and of icacious diligence, employed themselves in
supporting so important an undertaking. But I must not
omit to state that the pecuniary resources, as indispensable as
difficult to be obtaiised, were procured by a singular contract,
in which the success of the enterprise was the only pledge, my
signature the only surety. The zeal and the confidence of
the party that gave, and that which received, were equally
frank and unlimited-
" I assumed the regency of the kingdom, in the name of
the Queen, because the enterprise required a centre always
present, always active, always vigilant. I enrolled myself the
first soldier of the brave and valiant national army, and I had
the satisfaction to see that the friends of constitutional liberty
in other countries, convinced that the constitutional cause in
Portugal was comnton to them, and in every respect conform-
able to truly just and liberal principles, came to join us, gene-
rously resolved to shame in our sacrifices and our reverses, or
our triumphs.
" In the manifesto of the 2d of February, 1832, I published
my intentions, my principles, and the plan of my future pro-
ceedings, offering to all peace, good will, oblivion of the past,
and even pardon, if they needed it, on the sole condition of
their acknowledging their duty, being faithful to their oaths,
and obeying the legitimate authority of their Queen.
" With these intez tions and preparations, I left the shores
of France, and went to the Azores, where a part of the loyal
nation was concentrated, and the Regency established which
governs those province s with wisdom and patriotism, and im-
proved their administration.
" There was organised the little Portuguese army, small
indeed in number, but great, strong, and invincible by its va-
lour, by its civic virtues, and by the noble sentiments which
animated it, by the justice of the cause it defended, and by the
tried skill of its chiefs.
" At the head of 7,500 men I landed on the shores of Por-
tugal, on the ever auspicious day, the Bth of July, 1832. The
terror which -the enemy felt opened a way for this handful of
loyal Portuguese, and on the 7th, without the loss of a single
man, we entered the honourable and loyal city of Oporto,
whose inhabitants displayed from that time the most ardent
enthusiasm in the cause of the Queen, and of the constitutional
charter, and a series of prodigies of loyalty, valour, constancy,
and patriotic resignation, which may be some day repeated,
but can never be surpalsed, It is not the place in a short
speech to recount the events of the war, and of the obstinate
and close siege which we gloriously supported there for a whole
year; it is for history faithfully to transmit them to posterity.
" But I must not omit to mention, at least in general terms,
the rare examples of civil and military virtue which I observed
in the army and inhabitants, the valour with which they re-
sisted 80,000 men abounding in resources, and every moment
reinforced by all the means which fanaticism and desperation
could suggest ; the almost incredible firmness and constancy
with which they braved death in its most frightful forms, with-
out seeing even in the most anxious moments any sign of
weakness or discouragement,—in short, prodigies of the most
exalted patriotism in the midst of the most dangerous crisis,
patriotism and love of liberty and the efforts of civilization
combatting servitude, barbarism, and tyranny, and continually
gaining signal victories over those monsters.
" At the end of a year fertile in events, and which will be
ever remembered in the annals of Portugal, the national army
was reinforced with some new troops.
" A detachment of this little army conquered Algarve, and
proceeded to deliver the capital of the kingdom, which it en-
tered on the 24th of July, assisted by the energetic and cor-
dial co-operation of its illustrious inhabitants, and in the
midst of their ardent acclamations. The enemy's squadron
was gloriously combatted and taken off Cape St. Vincent.
The signal victory which we obtained in the lines-of Oporto on
the 25th of the same month, over the numerous forces of the
enemy, enabled me to join the troops in the capital, where I
arrived on the 28th.
" I immediately formed, as if by enchantment, a new army,
and fortified the city. Lisbon was defended by miracles of
valour, and the patriotism of the troops and the heroic inha-
bitants, whom I always found around me in the most dange-
rous conflicts.
" On the 10th of October I attacked the 16,000 men who
besieged the city with 8,3000, of whom scarcely 2,500 were
experienced soldiers ; but valour made up for everything. The
enemy was thrown back upon Santarem, and the arms of
loyalty obliged him to remain there till I judged that the time
was come to undertake decisive operations in the north of the
kingdom.

U.-From that time every thing yielded to the valour of the
army. In a few days all the prisoners were delivered, the re-
bellious and disloyal bands dispersing themselves. Oppressed
and tortured citizens issued from horrible dungeons. The
conquering and humane army showed what were its senti-
ments, and what a great difference there was between legiti-
macy and usurpation. The people, bathed in tears of joy,
raised their hands to heaven and loaded their generous deli-
verers with benedictions.
" On the 27th of May, this year, the enemy at length laid
down their arms, having been lately beaten in the obstinate
battle of Asseiceira. He abandoned the strong fortress of San-
tarem, and retreated to Evora, still accompanied by a great force.
" Here the reign of usurpation expired, after two years of
frequent combats, sustained and gained against a vast inequa-
lity of force, and with a perseverance superior to all praise.
The Government of the King was again every where ac-
knowledged, and the oaths of fidelity to his authority and the
charter were renewed. The nation began to enjoy peace and
tranquillity. Some conditions, dictated by circumstances and
approved by humanity, were spontaneously and generously
granted to the enemy. And as it was never my desire to make
war upon the Portuguese, but only on the usurpation and
tyranny by which they were oppressed, I granted them, in the
name of the Queen, a second amnesty, conformably to my
principles and the dictates of my heart. The articles of both
will be duly laid before you.
" I feel particular satisfaction in being able to announce to
you, that during the struggle, and since its termination, the
Government of the Queen has been formally recognized by
England, France, Spain, Sweden, Belgium, and Denmark.
All other nations are at peace with us, and I expect from the
justice, the enlightened policy, and good faith which directs
them, that they will, without difficulty, hasten to re-establish
and to confirm the ties which formerly, to the interest of all
parties, united them with Portugal.
".The Court of Rome will certainly not be the last in
taking so just and wholesome a resolution, since we boast of
not being the last to respect and venerate in its head the com-
mon father of the faithful and the centre of Catholic unity, to
show we are indissolubly united by the sacred bonds of faith
and religion.
" We have concluded with Spain, England, and France,
the treaty of quadruple alliance signed on the 22nd of April
this year, the articles of which will be laid before you. Its
principal object was to give new securities for the happy and
prompt termination of the struggle in which we were then en-
gaged, and thus to co-operate in the tranquillity and general
good of all Europe.
" To those three nations as well as to Belgium we are in-
debted for no small proof of kindness and efficacious friendship,
the Government of Spain in particular distinguishing itself by
ordering the troops of her Catholic Majesty to pass the fron-
tiers of the kingdom, and by this movement to give an advan-
tageous assistance to our operations. The interest which those
nations might expect from their proceeding does not release
the Portuguese from the duties of gratitude, nor me from the
pleasing obligation of recommending it in this place.
" Many and very important measures have been taken for
the better government of the kingdom, and the more ready
and prompt observance of the charter. A new form has been
given to the exercise of the judicial power and to the public
administration in its different branches. The army and its
civil departments have been organized. Free ports have been
established at Lisbon and Oporto, and some regulations or-
dered for the extension, liberty, and security of trade. Such
regulating laws as seem the most necessary have been made,
and many obstacles have been removed which impeded the
course of business and opposed the prosperity of the people.
Lastly, all the families and associations of religions of every
denomination and order have been suppressed. These esta-
blishments, considered with respect to religion, were totally
alienated from the primitive spirit of their institution, and al-
most exclusively governed by love of the temporal and worldly
interests which they professed to despise, and, considered in a
political point of view, they were like denationalized bodies,
indifferent to the good or bad fortune of their fellow-citi-
zens, and zealously serving a despotic or tyrannical Go-
vernment, if they expected from it favour and consi-
deration. To their influence over individuals and fami-
lies, which was the more dangerous in proportion as it was
secret, Portugal owes, in a great degree, the evils which it
has just experienced. There are, indeed, in the individual
members, honourable but rare exceptions. The Government
has taken every thing into consideration. A detailed account
of all tbo measures and regulations of which I have just spoken
will l'preserttedtut you by the several Ministers. Many of
them were cfiifeety-8,-.or proposed and discussed, in the pre-
ceding meetinglAr tlui:\representatives of the nation, and in
the Regency of the island of Terceira : and it seemed that
they should be adopted or continued, as well to convince the
people of the great benefits which they might expect from the
constitutional regime, as that at the present wished-for moment
of the meeting of the Cortes experience might have already